id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 2 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 3 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 4 - - : en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 5 Wikipedia wikipedia JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 6 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 7 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 8 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 9 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 10 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 13 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 14 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 15 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 17 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 18 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 20 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 21 Part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 24 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 25 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 27 Military military NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 29 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 30 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 31 753 753 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 32 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 33 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 34 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 35 476 476 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 36 Structural structural JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 37 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 38 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 39 Unit Unit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 40 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 42 ranks rank VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 43 Decorations decoration NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 45 punishments punishment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 46 Legions Legions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 47 Auxilia Auxilia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 48 Generals Generals NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 49 Navy Navy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 50 Fleets Fleets NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 51 Admirals Admirals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 52 Campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 53 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 54 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 56 battles battle VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 57 Technological technological JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 58 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 59 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 60 engineering engineering NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 61 Castra Castra NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 62 Siege Siege NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 63 engines engine NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 64 Triumphal Triumphal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 65 arches arch VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 66 Roads Roads NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 67 Political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 68 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 69     _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 70 Strategy Strategy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 71 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 72 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 73 Infantry Infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 74 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 75 Frontiers frontier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 76 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 77 fortifications fortification NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 78 Limes Limes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 79 Limes Limes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 80 Britannicus Britannicus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 81 Antonine Antonine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 82 Wall Wall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 83 Hadrian Hadrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 84 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 85 Wall Wall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 86 Saxon Saxon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 87 Shore Shore NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 88 Limes Limes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 89 Germanicus Germanicus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 90 Alb Alb NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 91 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 92 Lauter Lauter NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 93 Valley Valley NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 94 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 95 Lower Lower NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 96 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 97 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 98 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 99 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 100 Neckar Neckar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 101 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 102 Odenwald Odenwald NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 103 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 104 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 105 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 106 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 107 Rhaetian Rhaetian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 108 Limes Limes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 109 Wetterau Wetterau NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 110 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 111 Danube Danube NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 112 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 113 Iller Iller NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 114 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 115 Rhine Rhine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 116 Limes Limes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 117 Norican Norican NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 118 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 119 Claustra Claustra NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 120 Alpium Alpium NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 121 Iuliarum Iuliarum NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 122 Pannonian Pannonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 123 Limes Limes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 124 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 125 Alutanus Alutanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 126 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 127 Moesiae Moesiae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 128 Trajan Trajan NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 129 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 130 Wall Wall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 131 Anastasian Anastasian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 132 Wall Wall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 133 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 134 Sarmatiae Sarmatiae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 135 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 136 Arabicus Arabicus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 137 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 138 Tripolitanus Tripolitanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 139 Limes Limes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 140 Mauretaniae Mauretaniae NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 141   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 142 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 143 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 144 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 145 • • NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 146   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 147 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 148 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 149 v v NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 150 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 151 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 152 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 153 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 154 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 155 refers refer VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 156 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 157 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 158 theoretical theoretical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 159 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 160 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 161 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 162 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 163 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 164 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 165 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 166 manoeuvres manoeuvre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 167 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 168 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 169 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 170 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 171 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 172 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 173 start start NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 174 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 175 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 176 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 177 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 178 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 179 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 180 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 181 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 182 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 183 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 184 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 185 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 1 186 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 2 focus focus NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 3 below below RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 5 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 8 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 9 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 12 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 15 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 16 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 18 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 21 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 22 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 23 stacked stack VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 24 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 25 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 27 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 29 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 30 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 31 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 2 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 2 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 4 attempt attempt VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 5 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 6 coverage coverage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 8 things thing NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 9 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 10 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 11 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 13 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 3 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 1 Various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 2 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 4 summarized summarize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 6 illustrate illustrate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 8 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 10 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 12 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 13 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 14 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 15 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 16 encounters encounter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 4 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 5 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 5 2 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 5 3 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 5 4 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 5 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 5 6 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 5 7 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 5 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 5 9 hoplites hoplite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 5 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 6 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 6 2 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 6 3 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 6 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 6 5 forming form VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 6 6 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 6 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 6 8 Phalanx Phalanx NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 6 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 7 1 Eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 7 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 7 3 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 7 4 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 7 5 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 7 6 switch switch VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 7 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 7 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 7 9 Maniple maniple JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 7 10 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 7 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 2 maniple maniple JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 3 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 5 divide divide VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 8 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 9 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 10 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 11 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 12 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 13 Hastati Hastati NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 15 Principes Principes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 18 Triarii Triarii NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 8 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 1 Later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 3 statesmen statesman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 4 Marius Marius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 5 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 6 institute institute VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 8 Marian marian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 9 reforms reform NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 11 creating create VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 13 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 14 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 16 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 17 imagination imagination NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 9 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 1 Eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 3 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 4 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 5 Diocletian Diocletian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 6 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 7 create create VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 9 Comitatenses Comitatenses NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 11 Limatanei Limatanei NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 12 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 14 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 16 better better RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 17 defend defend VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 19 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 20 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 10 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 2 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 3 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 4 armor armor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 7 gladius gladius NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 10 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 12 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 13 pila pila NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 16 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 17 rations ration NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 11 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 3 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 4 around around RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 5 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 8 dolabra dolabra NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 10 wooden wooden JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 11 stave stave NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 13 shallow shallow JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 14 wicker wicker NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 18 basket basket NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 12 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 13 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 13 2 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 13 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 13 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 13 5 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 13 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 13 7 building build VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 13 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 13 9 castrum castrum NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 13 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 14 1 Sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 14 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 14 3 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 14 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 14 5 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 14 6 mules mule NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 14 7 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 14 8 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 14 9 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 14 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 15 1 Legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 15 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 15 3 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 15 4 onagers onager NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 15 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 15 6 ballistas ballista NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 15 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 15 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 15 9 scorpios scorpio NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 15 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 2 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 4 train train VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 6 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 7 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 9 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 10 learned learn VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 11 marching marching NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 12 skills skill NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 13 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 15 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 17 learning learn VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 18 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 20 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 22 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 16 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 17 1 Then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 17 2 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 17 3 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 17 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 17 5 spar spar NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 17 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 17 7 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 17 8 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 17 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 3 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 4 exercise exercise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 6 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 7 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 9 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 10 taught teach VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 12 obey obey VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 13 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 14 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 16 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 18 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 21 Emperor Emperor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 18 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 19 1 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 19 2 Legions Legions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 19 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 19 4 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 19 5 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 19 6 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 19 7 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 19 8 Cohorts Cohorts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 19 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 20 1 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 20 2 Cohort Cohort NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 20 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 20 4 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 20 5 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 20 6 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 20 7 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 20 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 21 1 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 21 2 maniple maniple NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 21 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 21 4 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 21 5 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 21 6 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 21 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 22 1 Several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 22 2 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 22 3 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 22 4 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 22 5 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 22 6 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 22 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 3 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 4 Consuls Consuls NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 6 Proconsuls Proconsuls NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 8 Praetors Praetors NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 10 Propraetors Propraetors NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 13 Dictators Dictators NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 14 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 16 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 17 officials official NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 18 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 19 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 20 command command VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 22 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 23 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 24 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 24 2 Legatus Legatus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 24 3 assisted assist VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 24 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 24 5 magistrate magistrate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 24 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 24 7 commanding command VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 24 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 24 9 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 24 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 25 1 Tribunes tribune NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 25 2 oversaw oversee VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 25 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 25 4 logistics logistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 25 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 25 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 25 7 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 25 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 26 1 Centurions centurion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 26 2 commanded command VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 26 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 26 4 Centuries Centuries NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 26 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 3 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 6 supplied supply VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 8 purchasing purchase VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 9 agents agent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 10 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 11 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 13 provisions provision NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 27 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 1 Local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 2 peasants peasant NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 3 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 4 farmers farmer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 5 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 6 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 7 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 8 supplies supply NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 9 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 11 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 13 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 15 supply supply VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 17 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 18 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 28 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 2 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 4 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 5 infrastructure infrastructure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 8 roads road NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 10 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 11 caches cache VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 12 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 14 march march NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 29 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 30 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 30 2 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 30 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 30 4 moved move VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 30 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 30 6 pack pack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 30 7 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 30 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 30 9 carts cart NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 30 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 1 Traders trader NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 3 hucksters huckster NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 5 prostitutes prostitute NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 8 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 9 miscellaneous miscellaneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 10 service service NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 11 providers provider NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 31 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 2 marching march VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 4 Legion Legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 5 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 6 deploy deploy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 8 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 9 columns column NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 12 vanguard vanguard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 13 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 14 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 32 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 33 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 33 2 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 33 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 33 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 33 5 surrounded surround VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 33 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 33 7 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 33 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 33 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 33 10 flanks flank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 33 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 34 1 Afterwards afterwards RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 34 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 34 3 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 34 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 34 5 construct construct VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 34 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 34 7 fortified fortify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 34 8 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 34 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 2 staying stay VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 5 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 8 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 11 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 12 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 13 destroy destroy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 15 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 17 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 18 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 19 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 22 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 25 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 26 continue continue VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 27 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 35 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 2 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 6 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 7 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 8 try try VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 10 gather gather VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 11 intelligence intelligence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 14 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 36 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 2 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 4 try try VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 6 boost boost VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 8 morale morale NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 10 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 11 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 12 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 14 march march NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 37 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 1 Before before IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 3 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 5 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 6 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 7 try try VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 9 maneuver maneuver VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 10 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 11 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 14 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 15 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 16 granted grant VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 17 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 19 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 38 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 3 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 5 fought fight VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 6 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 8 maniple maniple JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 9 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 12 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 15 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 16 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 17 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 19 hastati hastati NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 22 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 25 Principes Principes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 28 middle middle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 32 Triarii Triarii NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 35 back back NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 39 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 1 Skirmishers skirmisher NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 2 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 3 Velites Velites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 6 placed place VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 8 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 11 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 13 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 15 throw throw VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 16 javelins javelin NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 17 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 19 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 40 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 1 Once once IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 3 Marian marian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 4 reforms reform NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 6 enacted enact VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 9 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 10 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 12 strategies strategy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 13 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 16 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 41 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 2 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 4 Hastati Hastati NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 6 Principes Principes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 9 Triarii Triarii NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 10 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 11 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 12 Cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 42 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 2 conducting conduct VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 4 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 6 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 7 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 8 begin begin VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 10 building build VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 12 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 13 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 43 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 1 Then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 2 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 4 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 5 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 6 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 9 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 11 assault assault VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 13 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 14 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 15 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 16 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 44 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 2 defending defend VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 4 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 5 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 6 built build VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 7 palisades palisade NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 9 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 10 roads road NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 12 moles mole NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 14 breakwaters breakwater NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 16 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 17 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 45 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 46 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 46 2 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 46 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 46 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 46 5 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 46 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 46 7 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 46 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 1 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 3 Evolution evolution NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 4 1.1 1.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 5 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 6 Infantry Infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 9 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 10 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 12 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 13 1.2 1.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 14 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 15 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 18 Late Late NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 19 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 21 Early Early NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 22 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 23 1.3 1.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 24 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 25 Infantry Infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 28 Late Late NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 29 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 30 2 2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 31 Manpower Manpower NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 32 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 33 Equipment Equipment NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 35 training train VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 36 3.1 3.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 37 Equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 38 3.1.1 3.1.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 39 Individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 40 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 42 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 43 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 45 haulage haulage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 46 3.1.2 3.1.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 47 Artillery artillery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 48 package package NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 49 3.2 3.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 50 Training Training NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 51 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 52 Organization Organization NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 54 leadership leadership NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 56 logistics logistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 57 4.1 4.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 58 Command Command NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 60 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 61 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 62 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 63 4.1.1 4.1.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 64 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 65 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 66 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 67 ranks rank VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 68 4.1.1.1 4.1.1.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 69 Force Force NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 70 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 71 4.1.1.2 4.1.1.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 72 Rank rank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 73 summary summary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 74 4.2 4.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 75 Logistics Logistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 76 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 77 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 78 5.1 5.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 79 Initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 80 preparations preparation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 81 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 82 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 83 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 84 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 85 5.2 5.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 86 Deployment Deployment NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 87 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 88 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 89 5.2.1 5.2.1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 90 Layout Layout NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 91 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 92 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 93 triple triple JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 94 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 95 5.2.2 5.2.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 96 Maneuvering maneuver VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 97 5.2.3 5.2.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 98 Formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 99 5.3 5.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 100 Combat Combat NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 101 5.4 5.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 102 3-line 3-line CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 103 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 104 advantages advantage VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 105 5.4.1 5.4.1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 106 Flexibility Flexibility NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 107 5.4.2 5.4.2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 108 Mixing mix VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 109 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 110 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 111 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 112 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 113 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 114 interval interval JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 115 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 116 5.4.3 5.4.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 117 Line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 118 spacing spacing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 119 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 120 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 121 stamina stamina NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 122 5.5 5.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 123 Post post JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 124 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 125 deployment deployment JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 126 commands command NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 127 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 128 Siegecraft Siegecraft NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 129 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 130 fortifications fortification NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 131 6.1 6.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 132 Besieging Besieging NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 133 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 134 6.2 6.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 135 Field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 136 fortifications fortification NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 137 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 138 Infantry Infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 139 effectiveness effectiveness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 140 7.1 7.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 141 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 142 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 143 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 144 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 145 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 146 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 147 7.1.1 7.1.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 148 Versus Versus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 149 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 150 7.1.2 7.1.2 , en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 151 Notable notable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 152 triumphs triumph NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 153 7.1.2.1 7.1.2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 154 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 155 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 156 Cynoscephalae Cynoscephalae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 157 7.1.2.2 7.1.2.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 158 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 159 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 160 Pydna Pydna NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 161 7.1.3 7.1.3 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 162 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 163 anti anti JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 164 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 165 phalanx phalanx JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 166 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 167 7.1.4 7.1.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 168 Versus Versus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 169 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 170 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 171 Carthage Carthage NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 172 7.2 7.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 173 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 174 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 175 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 176 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 177 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 178 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 179 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 180 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 181 7.2.1 7.2.1 JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 182 Barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 183 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 184 7.2.2 7.2.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 185 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 186 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 187 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 188 7.2.3 7.2.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 189 Tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 190 performance performance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 191 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 192 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 193 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 194 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 195 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 196 7.2.3.1 7.2.3.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 197 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 198 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 199 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 200 strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 201 7.2.3.2 7.2.3.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 202 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 203 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 204 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 205 weaknesses weakness NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 206 7.2.3.3 7.2.3.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 207 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 208 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 209 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 210 chariots chariot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 211 7.2.3.4 7.2.3.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 212 Superior superior JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 213 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 214 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 215 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 216 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 217 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 218 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 219 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 220 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 221 Sambre Sambre NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 222 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 223 7.2.3.5 7.2.3.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 224 Persisting persisting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 225 logistics logistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 226 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 227 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 228 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 229 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 230 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 231 Gergovia Gergovia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 232 7.2.4 7.2.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 233 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 234 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 235 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 236 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 237 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 238 guerilla guerilla NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 239 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 240 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 241 Hispania Hispania NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 242 7.3 7.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 243 Victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 244 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 245 attrition attrition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 246 7.3.1 7.3.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 247 Resource resource NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 248 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 249 7.4 7.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 250 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 251 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 252 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 253 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 254 7.4.1 7.4.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 255 Tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 256 problems problem NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 257 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 258 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 259 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 260 7.4.2 7.4.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 261 Successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 262 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 263 7.5 7.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 264 Decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 265 7.5.1 7.5.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 266 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 267 Barbarization Barbarization NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 268 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 269 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 270 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 271 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 272 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 273 7.5.2 7.5.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 274 Changes Changes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 275 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 276 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 277 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 278 7.5.3 7.5.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 279 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 280 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 281 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 282 approach approach VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 283 7.6 7.6 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 284 Twilight Twilight NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 285 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 286 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 287 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 288 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 289 core core NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 290 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 291 7.7 7.7 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 292 Assessment Assessment NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 293 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 294 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 295 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 296 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 297 7.7.1 7.7.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 298 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 299 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 300 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 301 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 302 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 303 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 304 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 305 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 306 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 307 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 308 9.1 9.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 309 Citations citation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 310 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 311 Sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 312 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 313 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 314 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 315 Evolution[edit evolution[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 316 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 317 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 318 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 319 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 320 evolved evolve VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 321 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 322 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 323 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 324 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 325 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 326 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 327 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 328 host host NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 329 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 330 seeking seek VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 331 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 332 hegemony hegemony NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 333 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 334 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 335 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 336 encompassing encompass VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 337 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 338 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 339 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 340 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 341 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 342 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 343 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 344 affected affect VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 345 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 346 changing change VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 347 trends trend NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 348 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 349 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 350 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 351 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 352 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 353 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 354 economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 355 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 356 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 357 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 358 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 359 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 360 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 361 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 362 Mediterranean mediterranean JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 363 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 364 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 365 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 366 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 367 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 368 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 369 undergirded undergird VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 370 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 371 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 372 distinctive distinctive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 373 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 374 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 375 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 376 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 377 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 378 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 47 379 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 2 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 3 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 5 tendency tendency NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 6 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 7 standardization standardization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 9 systematization systematization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 11 practical practical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 12 borrowing borrowing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 14 copying copying NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 16 adapting adapting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 18 outsiders outsider NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 20 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 22 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 24 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 27 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 28 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 30 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 33 ruthless ruthless JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 34 persistence persistence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 35 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 36 sought seek VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 37 comprehensive comprehensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 38 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 41 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 42 cohesion cohesion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 43 brought bring VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 44 about about RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 45 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 47 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 49 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 50 citizenship citizenship NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 51 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 52 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 53 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 54 embodied embody VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 55 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 56 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 57 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 48 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 4 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 5 elements element NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 6 waxed wax VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 8 waned wane VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 9 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 10 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 12 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 13 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 14 form form VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 16 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 17 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 18 underlying underlie VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 19 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 20 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 21 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 49 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 2 key key JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 3 phases phase NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 6 evolution evolution NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 7 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 8 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 10 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 11 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 12 include:[2 include:[2 '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 14 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 15 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 16 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 17 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 19 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 20 citizen citizen NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 21 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 23 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 24 beginnings beginning NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 26 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 27 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 29 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 31 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 32 elements element NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 33 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 34 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 35 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 36 establishment establishment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 39 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 40 kingdom kingdom NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 41 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 42 Growing grow VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 43 sophistication sophistication NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 44 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 45 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 46 hegemony hegemony NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 47 expanded expand VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 48 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 49 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 50 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 51 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 52 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 54 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 56 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 57 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 58 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 59 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 60 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 61 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 62 establishment establishment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 63 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 64 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 65 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 66 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 67 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 68 Continued continue VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 69 refinement refinement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 70 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 71 standardization standardization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 72 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 73 streamlining streamline VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 74 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 75 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 76 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 77 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 78 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 79 Gaius Gaius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 80 Marius Marius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 81 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 82 broader broader RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 83 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 84 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 85 incorporation incorporation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 86 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 87 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 88 citizenry citizenry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 89 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 90 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 91 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 92 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 93 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 94 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 95 professionalism professionalism NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 96 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 97 permanence permanence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 98 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 99 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 100 service service NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 101 Continued continue VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 102 expansion expansion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 103 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 104 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 105 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 106 sophistication sophistication NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 107 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 108 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 109 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 110 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 111 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 112 republic republic NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 113 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 114 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 115 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 116 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 117 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 118 Caesars Caesars NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 119 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 120 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 121 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 122 establishment establishment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 123 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 124 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 125 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 126 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 127 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 128 Growing grow VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 129 barbarization barbarization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 130 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 131 turmoil turmoil NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 132 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 133 weakening weakening NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 134 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 135 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 136 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 137 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 138 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 139 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 140 favour favour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 141 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 142 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 143 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 144 lighter light JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 145 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 146 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 147 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 148 Foederati Foederati NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 149 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 150 Demise Demise NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 151 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 152 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 153 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 154 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 155 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 156 fragmentation fragmentation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 157 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 158 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 159 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 160 weaker weak JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 161 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 162 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 50 163 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 2 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 4 reversal reversal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 6 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 8 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 10 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 13 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 14 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 51 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 1 Cataphract cataphract NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 2 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 3 formed form VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 5 elite elite NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 8 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 9 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 10 reduced reduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 12 auxiliaries auxiliary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 52 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 1 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 2 Infantry Infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 5 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 6 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 8 Republic[edit republic[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 10 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 11 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 12 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 13 depiction depiction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 16 Maniple Maniple NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 17 Formation Formation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 18 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 19 earliest early JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 20 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 23 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 24 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 25 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 26 hoplites hoplite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 53 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 1 Census Census NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 2 data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 3 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 6 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 7 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 10 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 12 Hoplites Hoplites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 15 Phalanx Phalanx NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 54 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 55 1 Cavalrymen cavalryman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 55 2 went go VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 55 3 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 55 4 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 55 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 55 6 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 55 7 torso torso NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 55 8 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 55 9 bare bare JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 55 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 2 3]The 3]the CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 3 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 6 Early Early NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 7 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 8 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 10 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 11 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 12 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 13 120 120 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 14 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 15 160 160 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 16 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 17 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 18 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 19 organized organize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 20 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 21 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 22 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 24 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 25 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 56 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 57 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 57 2 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 57 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 57 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 57 5 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 57 6 infantrymen infantryman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 57 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 57 8 skirmishers skirmisher NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 57 9 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 57 10 Velites Velites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 57 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 58 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 58 2 Velites Velites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 58 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 58 4 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 58 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 58 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 58 7 swarm swarm NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 58 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 58 9 uncoordinated uncoordinated JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 58 10 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 58 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 59 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 59 2 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 59 3 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 59 4 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 59 5 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 59 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 2 Velites Velites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 3 purpose purpose VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 6 battlefield battlefield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 8 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 9 javelins javelin NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 11 disrupt disrupt VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 13 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 14 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 60 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 2 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 3 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 5 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 6 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 8 Hastati Hastati NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 11 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 12 Princeps Princeps NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 16 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 17 Triarii Triarii NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 61 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 1 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 2 maniple maniple NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 4 commanded command VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 6 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 7 Centurions centurion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 10 whole whole JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 11 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 13 commanded command VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 15 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 16 tribunes tribune NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 62 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 63 1 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 63 2 maniple maniple NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 63 3 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 63 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 63 5 trumpeteer trumpeteer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 63 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 64 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 64 2 trumpeteer trumpeteer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 64 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 64 4 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 64 5 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 64 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 64 7 convey convey VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 64 8 orders order NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 64 9 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 64 10 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 64 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 2 4]The 4]the CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 3 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 6 manipular manipular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 7 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 8 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 9 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 10 heavily heavily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 11 spaced space VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 12 apart apart RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 14 allowing allow VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 15 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 16 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 19 battlefield battlefield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 65 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 2 maniple maniple JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 3 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 6 spaced space VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 7 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 8 yards yard NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 9 apart apart RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 12 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 13 yards yard NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 16 next next JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 17 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 19 manipular manipular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 20 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 66 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 1 Aside aside RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 3 improving improve VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 5 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 8 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 11 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 12 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 13 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 14 unit unit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 15 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 17 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 19 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 21 routed route VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 23 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 24 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 25 retreat retreat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 26 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 28 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 67 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 68 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 68 2 next next JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 68 3 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 68 4 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 68 5 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 68 6 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 68 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 68 8 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 68 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 2 maneuver maneuver NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 3 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 5 repeated repeat VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 6 indefinitely indefinitely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 9 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 10 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 11 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 13 facing face VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 14 fresh fresh JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 15 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 17 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 69 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 2 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 5 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 6 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 7 act act VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 8 totally totally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 9 independently independently RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 11 allowing allow VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 12 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 14 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 16 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 18 surprise surprise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 20 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 21 maximum maximum NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 70 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 2 5][6]Livy 5][6]livy CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 3 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 5 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 6 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 8 open open VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 11 maniple maniple NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 13 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 15 let let VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 17 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 18 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 19 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 71 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 3 unknown unknown JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 4 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 6 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 7 opened open VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 9 maniple maniple NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 10 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 13 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 15 ordering order VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 16 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 17 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 19 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 20 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 21 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 23 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 25 step step NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 26 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 72 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 73 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 73 2 maneuver maneuver NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 73 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 73 4 result result VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 73 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 73 6 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 73 7 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 73 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 73 9 checkerboard checkerboard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 73 10 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 73 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 1 Cassius Cassius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 2 Dio Dio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 4 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 5 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 6 believe believe VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 9 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 10 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 11 expand expand VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 12 laterally laterally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 14 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 15 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 16 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 17 fill fill VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 18 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 20 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 23 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 25 expand expand VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 27 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 28 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 29 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 30 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 74 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 1 Such such PDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 3 maneuver maneuver NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 4 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 6 feasible feasible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 7 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 9 lull lull NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 12 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 13 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 15 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 17 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 18 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 20 heat heat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 22 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 24 maneuver maneuver NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 25 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 26 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 27 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 29 manage manage VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 31 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 32 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 33 consuming consume VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 75 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 2 coin coin NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 3 depicting depict VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 4 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 5 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 6 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 7 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 8 described describe VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 10 swordsmanship swordsmanship NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 13 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 14 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 17 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 19 manner manner NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 21 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 23 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 25 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 26 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 27 undertakes undertake VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 28 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 29 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 30 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 31 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 33 protecting protect VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 34 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 35 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 36 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 37 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 38 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 39 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 41 parrying parry VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 42 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 43 blow blow NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 46 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 47 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 48 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 49 hand hand VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 50 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 52 cut cut NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 53 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 54 thrust thrust NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 55 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 56 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 57 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 76 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 2 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 3 clearly clearly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 4 require require VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 6 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 8 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 9 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 10 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 11 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 13 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 15 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 16 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 17 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 18 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 19 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 20 feet foot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 21 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 23 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 25 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 26 flank flank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 28 rear rear NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 30 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 31 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 32 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 34 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 35 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 77 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 3 unclear unclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 4 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 5 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 6 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 9 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 10 feet foot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 12 counts count VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 14 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 15 occupied occupy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 18 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 19 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 21 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 22 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 78 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 2 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 3 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 6 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 7 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 8 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 9 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 10 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 11 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 12 nine nine CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 13 feet foot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 14 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 15 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 18 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 19 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 79 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 4 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 5 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 6 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 8 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 10 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 11 occupied occupy VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 13 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 14 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 16 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 17 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 18 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 19 feet foot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 21 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 22 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 23 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 26 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 27 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 80 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 81 1 Vegetius Vegetius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 81 2 talked talk VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 81 3 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 81 4 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 81 5 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 81 6 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 81 7 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 81 8 feet foot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 81 9 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 81 10 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 81 11 . . . 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skirmisher NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 2 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 3 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 4 placed place VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 6 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 9 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 10 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 12 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 14 inflict inflict VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 15 casualties casualty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 18 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 20 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 22 amount amount NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 24 Comitatenses Comitatenses NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 25 killed kill VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 27 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 113 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 2 Attila Attila NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 4 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 7 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 8 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 9 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 11 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 12 started start VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 14 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 15 mounted mount VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 16 archers archer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 114 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 2 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 4 Manpower[edit manpower[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 6 Numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 7 scholarly scholarly JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 8 histories history NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 12 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 13 machine machine NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 14 note note VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 16 huge huge JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 17 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 19 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 21 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 22 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 23 mobilized mobilize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 25 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 26 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 27 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 28 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 29 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 30 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 115 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 2 bounty bounty NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 4 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 5 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 6 enabled enable VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 7 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 9 apply apply VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 10 crushing crush VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 11 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 13 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 14 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 17 stay stay VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 20 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 22 replace replace VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 23 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 25 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 26 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 27 suffering suffer VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 28 setbacks setback NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 116 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 1 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 2 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 5 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 6 Punic Punic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 7 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 8 states state VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 10 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 12 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 14 2.24 2.24 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 18 total total JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 19 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 21 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 23 allied ally VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 24 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 25 capable capable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 27 bearing bear VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 28 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 30 225 225 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 31   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 32 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 33 exceeded exceed VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 34 700,000 700,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 35 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 37 70,000 70,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 38 cavalries cavalry NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 117 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 1 Brunt Brunt NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 2 adjusted adjust VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 3 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 4 ’ ’ POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 5 figures figure NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 7 estimated estimate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 10 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 12 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 14 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 15 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 16 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 18 Bruttians Bruttians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 20 exceeded exceed VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 21 875,000 875,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 22 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 23 adult adult NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 24 males male NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 26 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 27 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 29 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 30 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 31 levy levy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 32 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 118 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 1 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 2 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 3 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 6 potential potential NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 8 levy levy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 9 vast vast JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 10 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 12 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 13 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 14 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 16 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 17 field field VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 18 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 19 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 22 opening opening NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 23 stages stage NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 26 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 119 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 1 Brunt brunt NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 2 estimates estimate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 4 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 5 mobilized mobilize VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 6 108,000 108,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 7 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 9 service service NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 12 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 13 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 14 218 218 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 15   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 16 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 18 215 215 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 19   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 20 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 22 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 23 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 25 height height NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 28 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 29 effort effort NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 31 214 214 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 32   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 33 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 35 212 212 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 36   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 37 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 39 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 40 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 41 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 42 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 43 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 44 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 45 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 46 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 47 mobilize mobilize VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 48 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 49 230,000 230,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 50 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 120 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 1 Against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 2 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 3 mighty mighty JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 4 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 5 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 6 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 8 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 10 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 12 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 13 50,000 50,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 14 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 16 9,000 9,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 17 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 18   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 19 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 20 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 21 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 22 manpower manpower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 23 reserves reserve NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 24 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 25 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 27 absorb absorb VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 28 staggering staggering JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 29 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 30 yet yet CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 31 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 32 continue continue VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 34 field field VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 35 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 36 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 121 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 4 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 6 Brunt Brunt NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 8 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 9 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 11 50,000 50,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 12 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 14 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 15 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 16 218 218 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 17   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 18 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 20 215 215 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 21   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 22 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 24 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 25 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 26 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 28 place place VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 29 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 30 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 32 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 33 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 36 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 37 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 39 duration duration NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 42 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 122 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 1 Moreover moreover RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 3 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 4 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 6 discussed discuss VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 7 below below IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 9 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 10 manpower manpower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 11 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 14 adoption adoption NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 17 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 19 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 21 Fabian fabian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 22 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 25 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 26 proved prove VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 29 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 30 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 31 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 33 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 34 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 35 apparent apparent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 36 battlefield battlefield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 37 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 123 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 1 Put put VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 2 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 5 relative relative JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 6 disparity disparity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 9 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 11 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 12 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 13 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 15 outset outset NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 18 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 19 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 20 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 21 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 22 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 24 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 25 narrower narrow JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 26 margin margin NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 28 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 29 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 31 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 124 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 4 Equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 6 training[edit training[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 8 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 9 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 12 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 13 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 14 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 16 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 17 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 18 Equipment[edit equipment[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 20 Individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 21 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 23 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 24 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 26 haulage[edit haulage[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 28 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 29 legionary legionary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 30 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 31 carried carry VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 32 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 33 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 34 kilograms kilogram NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 36 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 37 pounds pound NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 40 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 42 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 45 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 125 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 2 load load NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 3 consisted consist VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 5 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 8 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 10 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 12 gladius gladius NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 15 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 17 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 18 pila pila NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 20 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 21 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 23 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 24 light light NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 27 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 28 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 29 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 30 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 31 rations ration NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 126 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 4 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 6 digging dig VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 8 constructing construct VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 10 castrum castrum NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 13 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 14 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 15 fortified fortified JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 16 base base NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 17 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 127 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 1 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 2 writer writer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 3 recreates recreate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 5 following following NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 8 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 10 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 12 Gaul:[11 Gaul:[11 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 14 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 15 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 16 arranged arrange VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 17 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 18 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 19 pack pack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 22 T t NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 24 Y y NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 26 shaped shape VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 27 rod rod NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 29 borne bear VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 30 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 31 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 32 left left JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 33 shoulder shoulder NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 128 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 129 1 Shields shield NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 129 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 129 3 protected protect VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 129 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 129 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 129 6 march march NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 129 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 129 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 129 9 hide hide NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 129 10 cover cover NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 129 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 1 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 2 legionary legionary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 3 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 4 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 5 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 6 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 7 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 8 worth worth NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 10 wheat wheat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 12 pulses pulse NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 14 chickpeas chickpea NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 17 flask flask NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 19 oil oil NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 23 mess mess NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 24 kit kit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 25 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 27 dish dish NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 29 cup cup NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 32 utensil utensil JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 130 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 1 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 2 items item NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 3 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 4 include include VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 6 dyed dyed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 7 horsehair horsehair NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 8 crest crest NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 11 helmet helmet NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 14 semi semi JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 15 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 16 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 18 resistant resistant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 19 oiled oil VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 20 woollen woollen JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 21 cloak cloak NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 23 socks socks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 25 breeches breech NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 27 cold cold JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 28 weather weather NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 31 blanket blanket NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 131 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 1 Entrenchment entrenchment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 2 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 3 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 5 shallow shallow JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 6 wicker wicker NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 7 basket basket NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 9 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 10 earth earth NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 13 spade spade NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 14 and/or and/or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 15 pick pick NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 17 axe axe NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 18 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 19 dolabra dolabra NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 21 turf turf NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 22 cutter cutter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 25 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 26 wooden wooden JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 27 staves stave NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 29 construct construct VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 31 next next JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 32 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 33 palisade palisade NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 132 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 1 All all PDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 2 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 4 arranged arrange VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 7 marching marching NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 8 pack pack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 9 toted tote VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 11 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 12 infantryman infantryman NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 133 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 1 Fighters fighter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 2 travelled travel VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 4 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 6 eight eight CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 9 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 10 octet octet NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 12 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 13 assigned assign VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 15 mule mule NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 134 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 2 mule mule NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 3 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 5 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 7 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 9 supplies supply NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 11 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 13 mill mill NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 15 grinding grind VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 16 grain grain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 19 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 20 clay clay NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 21 oven oven NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 23 baking baking NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 24 bread bread NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 26 cooking cook VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 27 pots pot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 29 spare spare JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 30 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 32 waterskins waterskin NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 35 tents tent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 135 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 3 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 6 complement complement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 8 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 9 mules mule NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 11 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 12 attended attend VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 14 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 15 non non NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 16 - - NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 17 combatants combatant NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 18 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 19 handled handle VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 20 foraging forage VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 22 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 23 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 136 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 2 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 3 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 5 supported support VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 7 wagons wagon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 10 rear rear NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 12 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 13 drawn draw VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 15 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 16 mules mule NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 19 carrying carry VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 20 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 22 nails nail NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 24 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 25 barrels barrel NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 27 extra extra JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 28 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 31 tent tent NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 33 possessions possession NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 36 centurion- centurion- NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 37 commanding command VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 38 officer officer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 41 unit unit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 137 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 1 Artillery artillery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 2 package[edit package[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 5 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 7 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 8 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 9 artillery artillery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 10 detachment detachment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 12 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 13 pieces piece NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 15 artillery artillery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 138 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 2 consisted consist VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 4 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 5 stone stone NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 7 throwing throw VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 8 onagers onager NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 10 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 11 bolt bolt NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 13 shooting shoot VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 14 ballistas ballista NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 17 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 19 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 22 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 23 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 24 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 25 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 26 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 27 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 28 scorpio scorpio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 29 bolt bolt NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 30 thrower thrower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 32 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 33 total total NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 36 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 37 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 38 supporting support VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 39 wagons wagon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 40 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 41 carry carry VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 42 ammunition ammunition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 44 spare spare JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 45 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 139 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 1 Bolts bolt NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 3 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 5 targeted target VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 6 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 8 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 9 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 11 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 12 stones stone NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 14 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 15 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 16 fortifications fortification NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 19 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 20 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 21 saturation saturation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 22 weapon weapon NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 140 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 2 catapults catapult NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 4 powered power VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 6 rope rope NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 8 sinew sinew VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 10 tightened tighten VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 13 ratchet ratchet NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 15 released release VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 17 powered power VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 20 stored stored JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 21 torsion torsion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 22 energy energy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 141 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 1 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 4 mount mount VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 5 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 7 boats boat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 9 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 10 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 12 Britain Britain NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 14 striking strike VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 15 fear fear NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 18 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 21 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 22 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 23 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 25 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 26 writings writing NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 142 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 1 His -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 2 placement placement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 4 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 5 engines engine NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 7 bolt bolt NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 8 throwers thrower NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 11 towers tower NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 13 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 15 wall wall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 17 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 18 enclosing enclose VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 19 fortifications fortification NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 20 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 21 Alesia Alesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 22 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 23 critical critical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 25 turning turn VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 26 back back RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 28 enormous enormous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 29 tide tide NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 31 Gauls Gauls NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 143 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 2 defensive defensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 3 measures measure NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 5 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 7 concert concert NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 10 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 11 charge charge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 12 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 14 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 15 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 17 broke break VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 19 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 21 won win VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 23 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 24 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 26 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 28 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 29 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 30 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 31 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 144 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 1 Bolt bolt NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 3 throwers thrower NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 4 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 6 Scorpio Scorpio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 8 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 10 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 12 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 14 defence defence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 16 camps camp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 18 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 19 entrenchments entrenchment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 21 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 24 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 25 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 27 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 28 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 29 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 30 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 31 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 32 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 33 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 145 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 4 Training[edit Training[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 6 Over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 7 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 9 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 10 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 11 changed change VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 12 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 13 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 15 roles role NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 17 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 18 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 20 course course NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 22 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 23 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 25 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 26 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 27 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 29 disciplined disciplined JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 31 professional professional JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 32 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 33 machine machine NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 146 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 1 Soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 2 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 3 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 4 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 5 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 7 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 8 organized organized JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 9 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 12 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 13 muster muster NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 15 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 17 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 18 drill drill NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 20 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 21 marching marching NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 23 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 24 exercises exercise NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 147 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 3 Vegetius Vegetius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 5 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 7 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 9 month month NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 10 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 11 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 15 legionary legionary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 17 marching marching NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 18 skills skill NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 20 taught teach VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 21 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 22 recruits recruit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 23 ever ever RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 24 handled handle VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 26 weapon weapon NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 28 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 29 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 30 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 31 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 32 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 33 split split VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 34 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 35 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 36 stragglers straggler NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 37 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 39 back back NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 40 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 41 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 42 trundling trundle VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 43 along along RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 44 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 45 differing differing JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 46 speeds speed NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 148 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 4 Standards Standards NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 5 varied vary VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 6 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 7 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 10 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 11 recruits recruit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 12 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 13 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 14 required require VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 16 complete complete VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 17 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 18 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 19 miles mile NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 21 29.62 29.62 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 22   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 23 km km NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 25 18.405 18.405 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 26 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 27 miles mile NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 30 20.5 20.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 31   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 32 kg kg VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 34 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 35 summer summer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 36 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 39 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 40 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 41 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 42 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 43 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 44 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 45 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 46 regardless regardless RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 47 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 48 season season NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 50 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 51 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 53 night night NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 54 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 56 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 57 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 58 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 59 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 60 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 61 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 62 regular regular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 63 step step NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 64 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 65 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 66 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 67 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 68 pace pace NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 69 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 149 70 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 4 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 5 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 6 progressed progress VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 10 faster fast JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 11 step step NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 15 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 16 pace"[14 pace"[14 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 17 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 20 required require VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 22 complete complete VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 23 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 24 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 25 miles mile NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 27 35.544 35.544 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 28   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 29 km km NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 31 22.086 22.086 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 32 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 33 miles mile NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 36 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 37 summer summer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 38 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 39 loaded load VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 40 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 41 20.5 20.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 42 kilograms kilogram NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 43 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 44 45 45 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 45   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 46 lb lb XX en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 150 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 2 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 3 conditioning conditioning NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 4 regime regime NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 6 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 7 gymnastics gymnastic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 9 swimming swimming NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 11 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 12 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 13 strength strength NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 15 fitness fitness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 151 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 4 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 5 conditioning conditioning NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 8 recruits recruit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 9 underwent undergo VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 10 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 11 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 12 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 13 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 15 deemed deem VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 17 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 18 importance importance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 19 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 20 weapons weapon VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 21 instructors instructor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 22 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 23 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 24 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 25 rations ration NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 152 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 4 Legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 6 trained train VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 8 thrust thrust VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 11 gladii gladii NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 12 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 13 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 14 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 15 defend defend VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 16 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 17 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 19 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 20 shields shield NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 22 scuta scuta NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 24 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 25 stabbing stab VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 27 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 153 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 2 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 3 exercises exercise NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 4 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 6 thrusting thrust VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 8 wooden wooden JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 9 gladius gladius NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 11 throwing throw VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 12 wooden wooden JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 13 pila pila NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 14 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 16 quintain quintain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 18 wooden wooden JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 19 dummy dummy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 21 stake stake NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 23 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 24 wearing wear VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 25 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 26 armor armor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 154 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 2 wooden wooden JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 3 swords sword NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 5 pila pila NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 7 designed design VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 9 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 10 twice twice RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 11 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 12 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 14 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 15 metal metal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 16 counterparts counterpart NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 17 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 18 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 20 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 21 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 22 wield wield VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 24 true true JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 25 gladius gladius NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 27 ease ease NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 155 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 1 Next next RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 3 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 4 progressed progress VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 6 armatura armatura NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 9 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 11 sparring sparring NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 12 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 14 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 15 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 17 describe describe VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 19 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 20 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 22 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 24 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 25 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 27 gladiators gladiator NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 156 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 1 Unlike unlike IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 2 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 3 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 6 wooden wooden JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 7 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 8 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 10 armatura armatura NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 13 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 14 weight weight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 17 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 18 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 19 emulated emulate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 157 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 1 Vegetius Vegetius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 2 notes note VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 4 roofed roof VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 5 halls hall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 7 built build VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 9 allow allow VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 11 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 12 drills drill NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 14 continue continue VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 15 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 17 winter winter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 158 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 4 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 5 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 6 exercises exercise NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 7 taught teach VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 9 legionary legionary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 11 obey obey VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 12 commands command NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 14 assume assume VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 15 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 16 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 159 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 4 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 6 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 8 training train VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 10 legionary legionary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 11 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 13 swear swear VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 14 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 15 oath oath NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 17 loyalty loyalty NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 20 SPQR SPQR NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 22 Senatus Senatus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 23 Populusque Populusque NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 24 Romanus Romanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 27 senate senate NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 30 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 31 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 33 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 34 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 35 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 37 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 160 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 2 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 4 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 5 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 7 diploma diploma NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 9 sent send VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 10 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 12 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 14 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 15 living living NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 18 glory glory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 20 honour honour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 22 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 161 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 4 Organization Organization NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 6 leadership leadership NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 8 logistics[edit logistics[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 10 Command Command NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 12 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 14 structure[edit structure[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 16 Once once IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 18 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 19 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 20 finished finish VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 21 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 22 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 23 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 25 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 26 assigned assign VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 29 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 32 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 33 mass mass JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 34 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 35 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 162 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 2 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 4 split split VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 5 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 6 ten ten CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 7 sub sub NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 9 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 10 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 11 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 13 roughly roughly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 14 comparable comparable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 17 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 18 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 19 battalion battalion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 163 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 2 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 4 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 5 sub sub NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 7 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 8 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 9 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 10 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 12 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 14 turn turn NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 16 split split VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 17 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 18 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 19 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 21 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 22 80–100 80–100 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 23 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 24 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 164 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 2 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 3 cohort cohort NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 6 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 8 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 10 strongest strong JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 14 fullest full JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 15 personnel personnel NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 16 complement complement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 20 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 21 skilled skilled JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 23 experienced experienced JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 24 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 165 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 1 Several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 2 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 3 grouped group VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 4 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 5 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 6 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 8 distinctive distinctive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 9 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 10 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 13 army army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 166 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 4 Fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 5 strength strength NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 6 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 7 vary vary VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 8 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 9 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 11 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 13 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 14 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 16 4,800 4,800 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 17 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 19 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 20 centurions centurion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 22 300 300 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 23 artillerymen artilleryman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 26 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 27 engineers engineer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 29 artificers artificer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 32 1,200 1,200 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 33 non non NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 34 - - NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 35 combatants combatant NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 167 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 1 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 2 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 4 supported support VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 7 unit unit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 9 300 300 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 10 cavalries cavalry NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 13 equites equite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 168 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 1 Supreme Supreme NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 2 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 4 either either DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 5 legion legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 7 army army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 10 consul consul NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 12 proconsul proconsul NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 15 praetor praetor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 19 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 21 emergency emergency NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 24 republican republican JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 25 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 28 dictator dictator NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 169 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 2 praetor praetor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 3 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 5 propraetor propraetor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 6 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 7 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 8 command command VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 10 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 11 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 13 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 15 consular consular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 16 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 18 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 19 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 20 consisted consist VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 22 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 23 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 24 plus plus CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 26 allies ally NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 170 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 3 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 4 republican republican JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 5 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 7 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 9 customary customary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 12 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 14 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 15 dual dual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 16 commands command NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 19 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 20 consuls consul NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 21 holding hold VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 23 office office NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 24 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 25 alternate alternate JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 26 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 171 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 2 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 3 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 6 phased phase VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 7 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 9 favour favour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 11 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 12 overall overall JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 13 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 14 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 172 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 2 legati legati NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 4 officers officer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 6 senatorial senatorial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 7 rank rank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 8 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 9 assisted assist VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 11 supreme supreme NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 12 commander commander NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 173 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 1 Tribunes tribune NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 3 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 4 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 6 aristocratic aristocratic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 7 rank rank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 8 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 9 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 10 supervised supervise VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 11 administrative administrative JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 12 tasks task NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 13 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 14 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 15 construction construction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 174 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 1 Centurions centurion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 3 roughly roughly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 4 equivalent equivalent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 6 rank rank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 8 today today NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 10 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 11 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 12 commissioned commissioned JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 14 junior junior JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 15 officers officer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 17 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 18 functioning function VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 20 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 21 captains captain NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 23 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 24 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 26 commanded command VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 27 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 29 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 31 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 175 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 176 1 Specialist specialist JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 176 2 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 176 3 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 176 4 engineers engineer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 176 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 176 6 artificers artificer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 176 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 176 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 176 9 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 176 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 1 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 2 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 4 ranks[edit ranks[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 6 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 10 depth depth NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 11 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 13 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 15 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 18 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 19 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 21 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 22 Structural structural JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 23 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 26 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 27 military military NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 29 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 30 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 31 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 33 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 34 breakdown breakdown NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 177 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 1 Below below RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 4 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 5 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 6 summary summary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 9 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 10 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 11 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 13 ranks rank VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 178 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 179 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 179 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 179 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 179 4 Force Force NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 179 5 structure[edit 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179 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 179 30 total total NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 179 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 179 32 480 480 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 179 33 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 179 34 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 179 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 180 1 Added add VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 180 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 180 3 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 180 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 180 5 officers officer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 180 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 2 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 3 cohort cohort NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 5 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 6 strength strength NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 8 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 10 manpower manpower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 12 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 13 held hold VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 15 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 16 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 17 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 181 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 1 Legion Legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 3 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 4 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 6 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 7 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 8 Field Field NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 9 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 12 grouping grouping NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 14 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 15 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 17 auxiliary auxiliary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 18 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 19 Equites equite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 21 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 22 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 23 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 24 supported support VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 25 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 26 300 300 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 27 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 29 equites equite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 32 sub sub NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 33 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 34 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 35 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 36 ten ten CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 37 turmae turmae NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 38 Auxilia Auxilia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 40 velites velite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 41 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 42 allied ally VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 43 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 45 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 46 providing provide VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 47 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 48 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 49 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 50 specialist specialist JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 51 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 52 services service NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 54 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 55 archers archer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 57 slingers slinger NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 58 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 59 javelin javelin NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 60 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 61 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 182 62 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 183 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 183 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 183 3 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 183 4 formed form VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 183 5 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 183 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 183 7 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 183 8 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 183 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 183 10 velites velite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 183 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 1 Auxilia Auxilia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 4 republican republican JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 5 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 7 formed form VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 8 allied ally VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 9 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 10 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 12 complement complement VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 13 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 14 citizen citizen NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 15 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 184 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 1 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 2 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 3 combatant combatant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 4 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 6 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 8 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 9 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 10 tended tend VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 12 mules mule NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 14 forage forage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 16 watering watering NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 18 sundries sundrie NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 21 baggage baggage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 22 train train NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 23 4,500–5,200 4,500–5,200 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 24 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 27 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 28 Rank Rank NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 29 summary[edit summary[edit . en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 30 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 31 Consul consul NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 32 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 33 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 34 elected elect VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 35 official official NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 36 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 37 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 39 civic civic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 40 duties duty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 41 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 42 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 43 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 44 co co NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 45 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 46 president president NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 47 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 48 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 49 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 50 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 51 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 53 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 54 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 55 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 56 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 57 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 58 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 59 Praetor Praetor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 60 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 61 appointed appoint VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 62 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 63 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 64 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 65 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 66 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 67 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 68 grouping grouping NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 69 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 70 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 72 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 73 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 74 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 75 official official NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 76 Legatus Legatus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 77 legionis legionis NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 78 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 79 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 80 legate legate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 81 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 82 overall overall JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 83 legion legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 84 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 85 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 86 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 87 filled fill VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 88 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 89 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 90 senator senator NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 91 Tribune Tribune NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 92 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 93 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 94 officer officer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 95 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 96 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 97 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 98 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 99 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 100 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 101 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 185 102 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 186 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 186 2 lesser less JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 186 3 tribunes tribune NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 186 4 served serve VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 186 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 186 6 junior junior JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 186 7 officers officer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 186 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 187 1 Prefect prefect JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 187 2 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 187 3 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 187 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 187 5 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 187 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 187 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 187 8 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 187 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 188 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-2371 188 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 188 3 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 188 4 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 188 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 2 prefectus prefectus NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 3 equitarius equitarius NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 4 commanded command VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 6 unit unit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 8 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 9 Primus Primus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 10 pilus pilus NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 11 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 12 commanding command VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 13 centurion centurion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 16 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 17 cohort cohort NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 18 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 20 senior senior JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 21 centurion centurion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 24 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 25 legion legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 26 Centurion Centurion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 27 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 28 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 29 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 32 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 189 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 190 1 Prestige Prestige NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 190 2 varied vary VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 190 3 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 190 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 190 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 190 6 cohort cohort NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 190 7 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 190 8 supervised supervise VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 190 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 1 Decurio Decurio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 2 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 3 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 6 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 7 unit unit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 9 turma turma NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 10 Aquilifer Aquilifer NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 11 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 12 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 13 bearer bearer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 15 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 16 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 17 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 19 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 21 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 22 prestige prestige NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 23 Signifer signifer VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 24 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 25 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 27 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 28 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 30 handled handle VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 31 financial financial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 32 matters matter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 34 decorations decoration NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 35 Optio Optio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 36 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 37 equivalent equivalent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 38 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 39 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 40 sergeant sergeant NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 42 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 43 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 44 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 45 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 47 centurion centurion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 48 Cornicen Cornicen NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 49 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 50 hornblower hornblower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 51 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 52 signaler signaler NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 53 Imaginifer Imaginifer NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 54 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 55 carried carry VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 56 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 57 bearing bear VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 59 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 60 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 61 image image NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 62 Decanus Decanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 63 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 64 equivalent equivalent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 65 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 66 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 67 corporal corporal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 68 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 69 commanded command VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 70 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 71 eight eight CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 72 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 73 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 74 tent tent NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 75 party party NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 76 Munifex Munifex NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 77 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 78 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 79 legionary legionary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 80 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 81 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 82 lowest low JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 83 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 84 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 85 trained train VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 86 rank rank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 87 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 88 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 89 Tirones tirone NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 90 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 91 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 92 recruit recruit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 93 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 94 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 95 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 96 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 97 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 98 novice novice NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 99 Logistics[edit logistics[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 100 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 101 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 102 logistics logistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 103 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 104 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 105 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 106 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 107 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 108 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 109 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 110 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 111 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 112 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 113 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 114 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 115 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 116 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 117 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 118 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 119 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 120 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 121 purchasing purchase VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 122 agents agent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 123 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 124 systematically systematically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 125 buy buy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 126 provisions provision NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 127 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 128 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 129 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 130 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 131 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 132 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 133 construction construction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 134 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 135 roads road NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 136 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 137 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 138 caches cache NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 139 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 140 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 141 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 142 rental rental NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 143 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 144 shipping shipping NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 145 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 146 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 147 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 148 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 149 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 150 move move VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 151 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 152 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 191 153 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 1 Heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 2 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 4 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 6 tents tent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 8 artillery artillery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 10 extra extra JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 11 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 13 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 15 millstones millstone NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 16 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 192 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 1 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 2 moved move VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 3 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 4 pack pack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 5 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 7 cart cart NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 9 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 10 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 11 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 12 weighty weighty JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 13 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 14 packs pack NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 16 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 18 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 19 staves stave NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 21 shovels shovel NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 23 constructing construct VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 25 fortified fortify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 26 camps camp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 193 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 1 Typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 3 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 4 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 6 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 7 opportunities opportunity NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 10 exploited exploit VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 12 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 15 spot spot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 19 fields field NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 21 peasant peasant NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 22 farmers farmer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 23 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 24 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 25 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 27 zone zone NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 29 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 30 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 31 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 32 stripped strip VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 34 meet meet VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 35 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 36 needs need NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 194 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 2 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 3 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 4 armed armed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 5 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 8 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 10 traders trader NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 12 hucksters huckster NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 14 prostitutes prostitute NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 16 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 17 miscellaneous miscellaneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 18 service service NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 19 providers provider NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 20 trailed trail VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 23 wake wake NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 26 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 27 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 28 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 195 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 4 Battle[edit battle[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 6 Initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 7 preparations preparation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 9 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 11 battle[edit battle[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 13 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 14 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 15 march march NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 196 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 1 Once once IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 3 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 5 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 8 operation operation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 11 marching marching NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 12 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 197 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 2 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 5 battlefield battlefield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 7 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 9 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 10 columns column NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 12 enhancing enhance VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 13 manoeuvrability manoeuvrability NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 198 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 1 Typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 3 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 4 vanguard vanguard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 5 preceded precede VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 7 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 8 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 10 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 11 scouts scout NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 13 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 15 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 16 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 199 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 2 tribune tribune NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 3 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 4 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 5 officer officer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 6 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 7 accompanied accompany VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 9 vanguard vanguard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 11 survey survey VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 13 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 15 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 16 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 17 locations location NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 200 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 1 Flank flank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 3 reconnaissance reconnaissance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 4 elements element NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 7 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 9 provide provide VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 11 usual usual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 12 covering covering NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 13 security security NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 201 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 202 1 Behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 202 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 202 3 vanguard vanguard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 202 4 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 202 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 202 6 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 202 7 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 202 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 202 9 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 202 10 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 202 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 1 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 2 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 3 marched march VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 6 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 7 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 10 accompanied accompany VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 12 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 13 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 14 baggage baggage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 15 train train NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 203 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 2 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 3 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 4 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 5 provided provide VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 7 rear rear JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 8 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 10 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 11 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 12 recently recently RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 13 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 14 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 15 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 16 occupy occupy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 17 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 18 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 19 echelon echelon NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 204 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 205 1 Construction construction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 205 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 205 3 fortified fortify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 205 4 camps camp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 205 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 1 Legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 2 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 4 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 5 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 6 established establish VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 8 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 9 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 10 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 12 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 14 palisade palisade NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 17 deep deep JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 18 ditch ditch NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 20 providing provide VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 22 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 23 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 24 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 25 storage storage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 27 troop troop NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 28 marshalling marshalling NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 30 defence defence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 206 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 1 Camps camp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 3 recreated recreate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 4 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 5 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 7 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 8 moved move VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 11 constructed construct VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 14 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 16 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 17 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 18 necessity necessity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 20 religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 21 symbolism symbolism NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 207 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 3 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 4 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 5 gateways gateway NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 7 connected connect VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 9 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 10 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 11 crisscrossing crisscross VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 12 streets street NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 16 intersection intersection NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 17 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 19 concentration concentration NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 21 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 22 tents tent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 25 centre centre NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 208 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 1 Space space NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 4 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 6 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 7 altar altar JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 9 religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 10 gathering gathering NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 11 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 209 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 1 Everything everything NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 3 standardized standardize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 7 positioning positioning NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 9 baggage baggage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 11 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 13 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 14 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 15 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 19 duties duty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 21 officers officer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 22 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 23 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 25 set set VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 26 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 27 sentries sentry NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 29 pickets picket NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 31 orders order NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 32 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 34 next next JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 35 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 36 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 37 march march NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 210 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 1 Construction construction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 2 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 3 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 4 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 5 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 7 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 8 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 10 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 13 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 14 labouring labouring NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 16 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 18 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 19 stood stand VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 20 guard guard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 22 depending depend VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 25 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 26 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 211 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 2 shape shape NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 5 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 7 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 8 rectangular rectangular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 10 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 11 vary vary VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 12 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 15 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 17 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 18 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 212 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 2 distance distance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 4 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 5 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 6 meters meter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 8 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 9 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 10 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 12 entrenchments entrenchment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 15 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 16 row row NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 18 troop troop NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 19 tents tent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 213 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 2 gap gap NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 3 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 4 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 6 marshalling marshal VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 8 legionnaires legionnaire NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 10 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 12 kept keep VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 14 troop troop NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 15 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 16 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 18 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 19 missile missile NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 20 range range NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 214 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 2 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 4 No no DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 5 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 6 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 7 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 8 persisted persist VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 9 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 10 such such PDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 12 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 13 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 15 systematic systematic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 16 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 17 construction construction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 18 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 20 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 22 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 23 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 25 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 26 rested rest VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 28 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 30 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 31 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 215 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 216 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 216 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 216 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 216 4 Breaking break VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 216 5 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 216 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 216 7 marching marching NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 216 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 3 regimented regimented JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 4 breakfast breakfast NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 7 allocated allocate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 8 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 10 trumpets trumpet NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 12 sounded sound VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 15 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 17 tents tent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 19 huts hut NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 20 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 21 dismantled dismantle VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 23 preparations preparation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 24 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 26 departure departure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 217 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 2 trumpet trumpet NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 3 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 4 sounded sound VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 5 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 8 signal signal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 11 stand stand VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 14 march march NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 218 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 1 Mules mule NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 3 wagons wagon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 6 baggage baggage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 7 train train NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 8 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 9 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 10 loaded load VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 12 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 13 formed form VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 14 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 219 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 2 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 4 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 6 burned burn VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 9 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 11 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 12 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 13 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 14 occupation occupation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 16 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 19 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 220 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 2 trumpets trumpet NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 4 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 6 sounded sound VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 9 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 10 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 12 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 14 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 16 asked ask VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 17 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 18 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 19 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 20 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 21 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 22 ready ready JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 25 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 26 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 27 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 28 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 30 shout shout VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 31 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 32 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 33 Ready ready JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 221 34 ! ! . en-wikipedia-org-2371 222 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 222 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 222 3 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 222 4 marching march VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 222 5 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 222 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 223 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 223 2 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 223 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 223 4 Intelligence intelligence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 223 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 1 Good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 3 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 4 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 5 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 6 hesitate hesitate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 8 exploit exploit VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 9 useful useful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 10 intelligence intelligence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 12 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 13 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 15 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 16 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 18 impending impend VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 19 clash clash NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 22 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 23 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 24 developing develop VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 224 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 1 Information information NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 3 gathered gather VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 4 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 5 spies spy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 7 collaborators collaborator NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 9 diplomats diplomat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 11 envoys envoy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 14 allies ally NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 225 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 1 Intercepted intercept VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 2 messages message NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 3 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 5 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 6 Punic Punic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 7 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 9 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 12 intelligence intelligence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 13 coup coup NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 16 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 19 enabled enable VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 20 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 22 dispatch dispatch VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 23 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 24 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 26 find find VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 28 destroy destroy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 29 Hasdrubal Hasdrubal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 30 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 31 Carthaginian carthaginian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 32 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 34 preventing prevent VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 35 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 36 reinforcement reinforcement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 38 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 226 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 1 Commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 3 kept keep VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 5 eye eye NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 8 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 10 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 11 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 12 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 13 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 15 rivals rival NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 16 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 17 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 18 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 19 unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 20 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 22 inflict inflict VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 23 painful painful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 24 career career NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 26 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 27 damage damage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 227 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 3 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 4 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 7 usual usual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 8 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 9 reconnaissance reconnaissance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 11 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 12 conducted conduct VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 14 patrols patrol NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 15 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 16 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 17 sent send VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 18 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 20 raids raid NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 21 mounted mount VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 23 probe probe VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 24 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 25 weaknesses weakness NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 27 prisoners prisoner NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 28 snatched snatch VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 31 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 32 inhabitants inhabitant NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 33 intimidated intimidate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 228 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 229 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 229 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 229 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 229 4 Morale morale NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 229 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 3 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 5 potential potential JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 6 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 8 near near RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 11 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 12 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 13 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 14 careful careful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 16 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 17 tentative tentative JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 230 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 1 Several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 2 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 3 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 5 spent spend VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 8 location location NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 9 studying study VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 11 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 13 opposition opposition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 15 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 17 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 18 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 19 prepared prepare VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 20 mentally mentally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 22 physically physically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 23 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 24 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 231 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 1 Pep pep NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 2 talks talk NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 4 sacrifices sacrifice NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 7 gods god NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 10 announcements announcement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 12 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 13 omens omen NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 14 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 16 carried carry VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 17 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 232 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 2 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 4 practical practical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 5 demonstrations demonstration NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 6 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 9 undertaken undertake VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 11 test test VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 12 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 13 reaction reaction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 14 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 15 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 18 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 19 troop troop NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 20 morale morale NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 233 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 1 Part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 4 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 5 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 7 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 8 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 11 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 13 drawn draw VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 14 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 16 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 17 array array NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 18 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 20 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 234 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 3 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 4 refused refuse VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 6 come come VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 7 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 10 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 11 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 13 demonstration demonstration NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 16 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 17 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 18 claim claim VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 20 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 21 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 23 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 24 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 26 contrasting contrast VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 28 timidity timidity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 31 opposition opposition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 32 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 34 resolution resolution NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 36 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 37 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 38 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 235 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 4 Historian historian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 5 Adrian Adrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 6 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 7 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 9 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 10 tentative tentative JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 11 pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 12 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 13 battle battle JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 14 manoeuvring manoeuvring NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 16 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 18 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 19 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 21 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 22 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 23 sought seek VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 25 gain gain VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 27 maximum maximum JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 28 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 29 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 31 encounter encounter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 236 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 2 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 4 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 6 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 8 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 9 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 10 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 11 paint paint VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 13 picture picture NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 15 meetings meeting NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 16 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 17 opposing oppose VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 18 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 19 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 20 negotiation negotiation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 21 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 22 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 23 discussion discussion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 28 famous famous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 29 pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 30 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 31 clash clash VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 32 conversation conversation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 33 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 34 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 36 Scipio Scipio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 37 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 38 Zama Zama NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 237 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 2 's be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 3 unknown unknown JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 4 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 6 recorded record VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 7 flowery flowery JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 8 speeches speech NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 10 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 11 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 12 fiction fiction JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 14 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 15 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 16 encounters encounter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 17 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 18 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 19 show show VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 21 record record NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 23 resolving resolve VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 25 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 27 means mean NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 28 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 29 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 31 anticipated anticipated JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 32 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 238 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 1 Deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 2 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 3 combat[edit combat[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 5 Pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 6 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 7 battle battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 8 manoeuvre manoeuvre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 9 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 11 competing compete VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 12 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 14 feel feel NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 17 impending impending JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 18 clash clash NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 20 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 21 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 22 outcomes outcome NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 23 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 24 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 25 unpredictable unpredictable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 27 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 28 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 30 start start NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 32 hostilities hostility NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 239 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 1 Skirmishing skirmishing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 2 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 3 get get VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 4 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 6 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 8 launching launch VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 9 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 10 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 11 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 12 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 13 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 14 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 240 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 1 Political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 2 considerations consideration NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 4 exhaustion exhaustion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 6 supplies supply NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 9 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 10 rivalry rivalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 11 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 12 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 14 glory glory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 15 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 16 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 17 spark spark VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 19 forward forward JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 20 launch launch NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 23 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 25 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 28 Trebia Trebia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 29 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 241 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 6 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 7 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 9 Marian marian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 10 reforms reform NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 13 unique unique JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 16 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 17 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 18 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 19 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 20 lined line VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 21 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 22 opposite opposite IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 23 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 24 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 25 readying ready VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 27 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 28 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 29 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 30 completely completely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 31 silent silent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 32 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 33 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 35 orders order NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 37 officers officer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 40 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 42 trumpets trumpet NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 43 signalling signal VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 44 orders order NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 242 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 2 reason reason NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 6 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 8 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 9 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 12 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 14 hear hear VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 15 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 16 instruction instruction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 19 Optios Optios NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 22 Legions Legions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 23 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 24 patrol patrol VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 25 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 27 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 29 anyone anyone NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 30 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 31 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 32 talking talk VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 33 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 34 failing fail VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 36 obey obey VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 37 orders order NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 38 immediately immediately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 39 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 40 struck strike VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 41 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 43 stick stick NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 46 optio optio NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 243 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 2 silence silence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 6 unintended unintended JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 7 consequence consequence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 9 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 10 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 11 intimidating intimidating JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 13 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 14 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 15 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 16 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 17 recognized recognize VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 18 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 19 took take VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 20 immense immense JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 21 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 23 achieve achieve VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 24 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 26 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 244 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 1 Layout layout NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 4 triple triple JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 5 line[edit line[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 7 Once once RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 9 machinery machinery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 12 motion motion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 13 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 16 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 17 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 18 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 20 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 24 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 25 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 27 facing face VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 29 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 245 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 2 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 5 Republican republican JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 6 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 9 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 11 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 12 arranged arrange VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 14 triplex triplex JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 15 acies acie NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 17 triple triple JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 18 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 19 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 22 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 23 is is RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 26 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 27 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 31 hastati hastati NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 34 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 35 rank rank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 36 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 37 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 38 nearest near JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 40 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 41 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 44 principes principe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 47 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 48 rank rank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 50 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 52 veteran veteran NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 53 triarii triarii VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 54 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 55 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 56 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 57 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 58 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 59 rank rank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 60 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 61 barrier barrier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 62 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 64 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 65 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 66 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 67 further far RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 68 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 69 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 70 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 71 strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 72 reserve reserve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 246 73 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 3 danger danger NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 5 imminent imminent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 6 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 9 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 11 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 12 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 15 hastati hastati NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 17 principes principe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 19 ordinarily ordinarily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 20 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 21 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 22 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 24 triarii triarii NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 26 reform reform VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 28 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 30 allow allow VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 31 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 32 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 34 counter counter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 35 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 36 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 37 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 38 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 39 orderly orderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 40 withdrawal withdrawal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 247 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 1 Because because IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 2 falling fall VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 3 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 6 triarii triarii NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 8 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 9 act act NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 11 desperation desperation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 14 mention mention VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 16 returning return VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 19 triarii triarii NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 23 ad ad NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 24 triarios triario NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 25 rediisse rediisse NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 28 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 30 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 31 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 32 phrase phrase NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 33 indicating indicate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 34 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 36 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 38 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 39 desperate desperate JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 40 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 248 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 4 Within within IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 6 triplex triplex JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 7 acies acie NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 8 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 10 contemporary contemporary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 12 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 13 talk talk VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 16 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 17 adopting adopt VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 19 checkered checkered JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 20 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 21 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 22 quincunx quincunx NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 23 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 24 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 26 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 27 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 28 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 29 yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 30 engaged engage VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 249 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 3 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 4 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 7 hastati hastati NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 8 left leave VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 9 modest modest JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 10 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 11 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 12 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 13 maniple maniple NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 250 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 2 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 3 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 4 consisting consist VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 6 principes principe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 7 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 10 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 11 manner manner NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 13 lining line VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 14 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 15 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 17 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 18 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 21 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 22 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 251 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 7 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 10 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 11 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 13 standing stand VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 14 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 16 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 19 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 20 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 252 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 2 velites velite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 4 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 6 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 8 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 9 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 12 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 14 loose loose JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 16 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 17 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 253 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 6 manoeuvre manoeuvre NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 9 complex complex JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 10 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 12 filled fill VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 15 dust dust NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 17 thousands thousand NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 19 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 20 wheeling wheel VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 21 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 22 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 26 shouting shouting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 28 officers officer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 29 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 32 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 34 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 35 attempted attempt VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 36 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 37 maintain maintain VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 38 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 254 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 1 Several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 2 thousand thousand CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 3 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 7 positioned position VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 9 column column NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 10 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 11 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 14 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 15 unit unit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 16 taking take VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 17 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 18 designated designate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 19 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 21 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 23 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 24 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 26 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 255 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 2 fortified fortify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 3 camps camp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 5 laid lay VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 6 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 8 organized organize VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 10 facilitate facilitate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 11 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 256 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 2 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 3 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 4 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 5 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 8 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 9 array array NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 12 host host NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 14 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 15 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 16 accomplished accomplish VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 18 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 20 grouping grouping NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 22 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 23 represented represent VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 25 formidable formidable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 26 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 27 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 29 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 30 arranged arrange VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 32 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 33 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 34 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 36 frontage frontage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 37 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 38 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 39 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 40 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 41 mile mile NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 43 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 44 1.5 1.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 45   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 46 km km NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 257 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 5 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 6 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 8 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 9 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 12 remain remain VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 13 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 15 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 17 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 19 Marian marian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 20 reforms reform NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 21 phased phase VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 22 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 23 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 24 divisions division NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 25 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 26 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 27 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 29 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 31 standardized standardized JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 32 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 34 reorganized reorganize VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 36 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 37 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 38 bigger big JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 39 manoeuvre manoeuvre JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 40 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 41 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 42 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 258 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 2 overall overall JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 3 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 6 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 8 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 11 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 12 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 13 service service NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 14 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 15 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 18 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 19 permanent permanent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 20 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 259 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 4 Maneuvering[edit maneuvering[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 6 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 8 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 9 approached approach VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 10 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 11 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 14 velites velite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 16 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 17 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 18 throw throw VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 20 javelins javelin NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 21 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 23 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 25 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 26 retreat retreat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 27 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 29 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 32 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 260 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 3 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 4 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 5 innovation innovation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 6 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 8 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 9 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 12 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 13 skirmishers skirmisher NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 14 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 15 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 17 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 18 retreat retreat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 19 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 20 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 21 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 22 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 23 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 24 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 26 causing cause VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 27 confusion confusion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 28 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 29 else else RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 31 flee flee VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 32 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 33 either either DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 34 flank flank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 36 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 37 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 38 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 261 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 3 velites velite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 5 retreated retreat VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 6 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 8 hastati hastati NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 11 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 12 posterior posterior NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 13 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 14 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 15 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 16 march march VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 19 left left NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 21 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 22 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 23 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 24 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 25 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 26 presented present VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 28 solid solid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 29 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 31 creating create VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 33 solid solid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 34 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 36 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 262 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 2 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 3 procedure procedure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 6 employed employ VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 8 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 9 passed pass VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 10 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 12 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 14 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 15 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 17 turned turn VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 20 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 22 channel channel VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 23 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 25 gap gap NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 26 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 28 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 30 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 31 rows row NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 32 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 33 route route NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 34 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 35 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 36 guard guard VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 38 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 39 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 40 flanks flank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 263 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 2 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 4 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 6 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 9 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 10 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 11 presented present VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 13 solid solid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 14 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 17 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 20 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 24 correct correct JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 25 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 27 engagement engagement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 264 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 265 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 265 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 265 3 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 265 4 closed close VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 265 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 265 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 265 7 hastati hastati NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 265 8 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 265 9 charge charge VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 265 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 2 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 4 losing lose VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 6 fight fight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 9 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 10 posterior posterior NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 11 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 12 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 13 returned return VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 15 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 16 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 17 creating create VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 18 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 19 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 266 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 1 Then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 3 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 5 fall fall VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 6 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 7 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 9 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 12 principes principe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 14 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 15 followed follow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 17 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 18 procedure procedure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 20 form form VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 22 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 23 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 25 charge charge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 267 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 3 principes principe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 4 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 5 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 6 break break VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 8 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 10 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 11 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 12 retreat retreat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 13 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 15 triarii triarii NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 18 whole whole JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 19 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 20 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 21 leave leave VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 23 battlefield battlefield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 25 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 26 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 268 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 3 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 4 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 7 triarii triarii NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 8 formed form VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 10 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 11 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 12 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 13 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 14 deployed deploy VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 18 forward forward JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 19 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 20 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 21 scattered scatter VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 23 discomfited discomfited JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 24 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 26 rest rest VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 28 reform reform VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 31 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 32 rejoin rejoin VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 34 struggle struggle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 269 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 2 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 5 manipular manipular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 6 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 7 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 8 engaging engage VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 9 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 10 kind kind NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 12 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 13 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 15 rough rough JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 16 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 18 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 20 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 21 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 22 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 23 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 25 toughness toughness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 26 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 29 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 31 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 32 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 270 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 1 Lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 4 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 5 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 6 corps corp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 8 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 12 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 13 flaw flaw NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 16 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 17 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 271 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 3 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 4 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 5 army army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 8 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 9 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 11 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 12 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 16 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 17 deploying deploy VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 19 quincunx quincunx NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 20 pattern pattern NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 272 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 3 reflection reflection NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 6 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 7 placement placement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 10 veteran veteran NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 11 triarii triarii NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 14 rear rear NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 17 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 18 experienced experienced JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 19 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 20 - - : en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 21 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 23 2nd 2nd JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 25 3rd 3rd JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 27 4th 4th JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 29 6th 6th JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 32 8th 8th NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 33 - - , en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 34 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 37 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 38 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 40 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 41 experienced experienced JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 42 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 43 - - : en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 44 1st 1st NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 46 5th 5th JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 48 7th 7th JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 50 9th 9th JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 52 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 53 10th 10th NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 54 - - , en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 55 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 56 placed place VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 57 behind behind RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 273 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 2 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 4 Formations[edit Formations[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 7 above above JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 9 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 10 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 11 procedure procedure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 14 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 15 modified modify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 18 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 20 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 21 Zama Zama NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 23 Scipio Scipio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 24 deployed deploy VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 25 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 26 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 27 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 30 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 31 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 33 envelop envelop VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 34 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 35 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 36 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 37 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 38 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 39 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 40 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 41 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 42 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 43 Cannae Cannae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 274 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 2 brief brief JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 3 summary summary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 5 alternative alternative JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 6 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 7 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 9 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 10 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 11 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 13 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 14 below below IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 16 Combat[edit Combat[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 17 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 18 Hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 22 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 23 engagement engagement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 24 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 26 release release NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 28 missile missile NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 29 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 30 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 31 Once once IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 33 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 35 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 36 skirmishing skirmishing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 37 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 38 above above IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 39 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 40 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 43 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 44 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 46 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 47 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 48 closed close VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 50 gap gap NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 52 attacked attack VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 54 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 275 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 2 front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 3 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 4 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 5 cast cast VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 6 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 7 pila pila NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 11 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 12 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 13 hurled hurl VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 14 theirs -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 15 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 17 heads head NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 20 front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 22 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 23 fighters fighter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 276 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 3 pila pila NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 5 cast cast VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 8 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 9 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 10 drew draw VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 11 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 12 swords sword NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 14 engaged engage VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 16 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 277 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 1 Emphasis emphasis NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 4 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 6 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 8 provide provide VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 9 maximum maximum JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 10 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 11 coverage coverage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 15 pushing push VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 16 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 18 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 19 attacking attack VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 22 gladius gladius NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 24 thrusts thrust NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 26 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 27 cuts cut NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 29 clinch clinch NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 31 minimizing minimize VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 32 exposure exposure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 35 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 278 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 3 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 4 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 5 ensued ensue VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 8 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 10 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 11 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 13 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 15 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 16 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 18 give give VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 19 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 20 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 21 advantages advantage NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 23 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 279 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 2 acute acute JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 3 shock shock NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 5 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 7 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 8 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 12 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 13 maintain maintain VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 16 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 17 trauma trauma NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 19 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 21 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 25 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 26 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 27 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 28 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 30 contenders contender NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 31 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 32 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 33 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 34 hack hack VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 35 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 36 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 37 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 38 continuously continuously RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 39 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 40 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 41 dropped drop VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 280 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 1 Instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 3 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 5 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 6 periods period NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 8 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 10 vicious vicious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 11 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 281 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 2 indecisive indecisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 5 contenders contender NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 6 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 7 fall fall VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 8 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 10 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 11 distance distance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 13 recuperate recuperate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 16 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 17 surge surge VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 18 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 20 renew renew VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 22 struggle struggle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 282 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 1 Others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 2 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 3 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 6 stepping step VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 7 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 8 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 10 fray fray NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 11 meanwhile meanwhile RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 13 engaging engage VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 14 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 15 foes foe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 17 covering cover VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 19 colleagues colleague NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 283 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 2 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 3 warrior warrior NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 4 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 5 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 6 count count VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 8 temporary temporary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 9 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 11 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 12 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 13 endless endless JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 14 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 15 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 16 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 18 crippling crippling JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 19 injury injury NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 284 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 3 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 4 progressed progress VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 7 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 8 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 10 mental mental JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 11 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 12 intensified intensify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 285 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 2 stamina stamina NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 4 willpower willpower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 5 demanded demand VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 7 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 8 yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 9 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 10 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 11 charge charge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 14 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 15 yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 16 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 17 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 18 surge surge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 19 grew grow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 20 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 21 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 286 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 2 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 4 Eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 5 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 6 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 7 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 9 break break VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 10 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 13 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 15 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 18 greatest great JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 19 slaughter slaughter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 20 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 287 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 1 Use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 3 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 4 machines machine NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 6 covering cover VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 7 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 9 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 10 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 11 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 13 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 14 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 16 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 17 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 20 fought fight VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 23 preparatory preparatory JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 24 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 26 catapults catapult NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 28 ballistas ballista NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 30 onagers onager NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 288 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 2 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 3 machines machine NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 6 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 8 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 9 artillery artillery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 11 fired fire VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 12 arrows arrow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 14 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 15 stones stone NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 16 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 18 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 20 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 21 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 22 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 23 question question VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 25 battlefield battlefield JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 26 effectiveness effectiveness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 28 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 29 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 289 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 1 Following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 3 barrage barrage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 6 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 7 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 8 advanced advance VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 11 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 12 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 14 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 15 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 16 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 17 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 18 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 19 meters meter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 22 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 24 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 25 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 26 halted halt VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 28 hurled hurl VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 29 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 30 pila pila NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 32 charged charge VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 290 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 3 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 4 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 6 repelled repel VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 9 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 11 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 12 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 13 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 14 rapidly rapidly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 15 resume resume VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 17 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 291 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 1 Often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 3 rapid rapid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 4 sequence sequence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 6 deadly deadly JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 7 attacks attack NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 8 proved prove VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 10 key key NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 12 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 292 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 1 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 2 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 3 tactic tactic NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 6 taunt taunt VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 8 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 10 feigned feigned JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 11 charges charge NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 13 rapid rapid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 14 arrow arrow NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 15 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 18 auxiliares auxiliare NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 19 equites equite VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 21 auxiliary auxiliary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 22 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 25 forcing force VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 27 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 28 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 29 pursuing pursue VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 30 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 33 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 34 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 36 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 37 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 38 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 39 ambush ambush NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 40 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 41 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 42 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 43 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 44 counterattacked counterattack VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 45 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 46 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 47 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 48 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 49 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 50 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 293 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 1 3-line 3-line CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 2 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 3 advantages[edit advantages[edit , en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 5 Flexibility[edit Flexibility[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 7 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 8 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 9 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 10 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 12 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 13 seem seem VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 15 imply imply VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 18 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 19 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 20 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 22 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 24 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 25 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 294 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 1 Yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 3 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 4 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 5 seem seem VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 7 admit admit VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 9 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 10 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 12 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 13 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 14 form form VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 15 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 17 solid solid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 18 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 295 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 1 Various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 2 approaches approach NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 3 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 4 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 5 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 7 reconcile reconcile VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 8 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 9 possibilities possibility NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 12 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 13 writings writing NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 296 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 2 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 5 advantages advantage NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 7 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 9 obvious obvious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 10 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 12 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 14 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 16 move- move- NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 17 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 18 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 19 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 20 easily easily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 21 flow flow VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 22 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 23 obstacles obstacle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 25 manoeuvre manoeuvre NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 27 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 28 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 29 enhanced enhance VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 32 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 34 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 35 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 38 pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 39 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 40 Marius marius JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 41 republic republic NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 43 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 44 baggage baggage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 45 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 47 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 48 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 49 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 51 cargo cargo NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 52 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 53 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 54 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 55 easily easily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 56 captured capture VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 57 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 58 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 59 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 60 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 61 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 62 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 63 get get VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 64 ready ready JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 65 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 66 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 67 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 68 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 69 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 70 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 71 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 72 cover cover NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 297 73 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 3 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 4 marching marching NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 6 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 8 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 9 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 11 extremely extremely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 12 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 14 deploy deploy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 15 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 16 unbroken unbroken JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 17 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 19 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 21 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 22 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 23 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 24 but but IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 26 flattest flat JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 27 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 28 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 29 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 30 sort sort NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 32 intervals interval NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 298 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 2 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 3 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 4 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 5 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 8 sort sort NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 10 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 12 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 14 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 15 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 16 withdrew withdraw VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 18 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 19 skirmishing skirmish VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 20 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 21 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 23 spaces space NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 24 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 26 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 27 event event NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 299 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 1 Even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 2 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 3 loosely loosely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 4 organized organized JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 5 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 6 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 8 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 9 hosts host NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 10 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 11 charged charge VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 13 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 14 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 16 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 17 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 18 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 19 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 21 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 22 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 23 marching march VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 24 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 27 neat neat JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 28 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 300 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 2 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 4 Fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 6 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 8 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 9 feasible feasible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 11 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 12 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 13 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 14 assert assert NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 301 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 3 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 4 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 5 support support VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 7 quincunx quincunx NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 8 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 9 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 11 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 12 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 15 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 16 stand stand VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 17 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 19 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 20 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 21 intervals interval NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 22 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 23 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 24 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 26 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 27 systematically systematically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 28 organized organized JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 29 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 30 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 32 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 33 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 34 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 302 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 1 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 2 gap gap NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 4 covered cover VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 6 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 8 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 10 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 11 farther farther RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 12 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 303 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 304 1 Penetration penetration NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 304 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 304 3 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 304 4 significance significance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 304 5 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 304 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 304 7 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 304 8 slip slip VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 304 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 304 10 unmolested unmolested JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 304 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 2 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 4 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 6 mauled maul VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 8 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 9 fought fight VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 10 past past IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 12 gauntlet gauntlet NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 15 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 16 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 17 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 18 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 19 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 20 clash clash VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 22 aggressive aggressive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 23 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 24 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 25 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 27 plug plug VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 29 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 305 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 2 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 4 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 6 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 7 standpoint standpoint NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 11 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 12 waxed wax VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 14 waned wane VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 16 fresh fresh JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 17 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 18 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 19 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 20 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 21 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 23 intervals interval NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 25 relieve relieve VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 27 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 30 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 31 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 33 allowing allow VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 34 continual continual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 35 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 36 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 37 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 38 brought bring VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 39 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 306 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 1 Mixing mix VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 4 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 5 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 7 interval interval NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 8 fighting[edit fighting[edit , en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 10 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 11 scenario scenario NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 13 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 14 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 15 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 17 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 20 limited limited JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 21 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 23 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 26 top top NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 29 hill hill NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 31 ravine ravine NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 33 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 34 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 35 spreading spread VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 36 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 37 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 38 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 39 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 40 feasible feasible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 307 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 1 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 4 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 5 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 6 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 8 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 11 wedge wedge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 12 discussed discuss VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 13 above above RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 16 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 17 encirclement encirclement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 19 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 21 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 23 Ilipa Ilipa NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 308 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 1 Yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 2 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 5 closing closing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 6 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 7 manoeuvre manoeuvre NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 8 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 10 solid solid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 11 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 13 constructed construct VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 15 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 17 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 19 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 20 push push NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 24 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 26 Zama Zama NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 309 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 3 maelstrom maelstrom NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 5 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 7 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 10 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 14 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 15 merged merge VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 16 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 17 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 20 general general NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 21 checkerboard checkerboard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 22 spacing spacing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 23 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 24 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 25 compressed compressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 27 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 28 disappeared disappear VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 32 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 33 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 34 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 36 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 37 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 38 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 39 solid solid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 40 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 41 engaged engage VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 42 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 44 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 310 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 1 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 2 gaps gap VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 3 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 5 beginning beginning NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 8 struggle struggle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 9 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 10 tend tend VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 12 vanish vanish VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 15 closing closing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 16 phases phase NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 311 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 2 34 34 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 4 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 5 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 6 view view VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 8 intervals interval NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 9 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 10 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 11 useful useful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 13 maneuver maneuver NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 312 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 1 Before before IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 3 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 4 closed close VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 7 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 8 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 9 echelon echelon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 10 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 11 form form VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 13 solid solid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 14 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 16 engage engage VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 313 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 2 things thing NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 3 went go VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 4 badly badly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 7 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 8 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 10 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 11 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 12 retreat retreat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 13 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 15 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 18 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 19 echelon echelon NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 20 moved move VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 21 up- up- JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 22 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 23 forming form VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 25 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 26 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 314 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 1 Should Should MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 2 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 3 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 4 discomfited discomfited JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 6 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 7 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 8 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 10 veterans veteran NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 13 triarii triarii NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 14 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 15 let let VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 17 survivors survivor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 18 retreat retreat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 19 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 21 preset preset JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 22 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 315 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 2 veterans veteran NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 3 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 4 formed form VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 6 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 7 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 9 engage engage VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 11 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 13 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 14 cover cover NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 17 retreat retreat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 20 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 23 whole whole NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 316 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 2 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 3 procedure procedure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 5 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 6 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 8 triarii triarii NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 10 phased phase VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 11 out out NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 13 intervals interval NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 15 manoeuvre manoeuvre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 17 reforming reform VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 19 recovery- recovery- JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 20 solid solid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 21 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 23 engage engage VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 317 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 4 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 5 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 6 maintain maintain VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 9 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 10 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 11 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 13 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 16 quincunx quincunx NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 18 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 19 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 20 seems seem VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 22 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 23 declined decline VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 26 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 27 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 28 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 29 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 31 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 32 unbroken unbroken JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 33 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 34 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 35 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 36 above above RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 38 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 39 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 40 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 42 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 45 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 46 apiece apiece RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 47 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 49 echeloned echeloned JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 50 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 318 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 2 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 4 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 7 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 9 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 10 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 11 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 12 filtering filtering NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 13 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 14 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 16 relieve relieve VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 18 comrades comrade NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 20 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 21 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 23 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 25 exhausted exhausted JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 27 wounded wound VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 28 eased ease VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 29 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 30 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 32 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 319 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 5 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 6 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 7 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 8 flexible flexible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 9 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 11 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 12 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 14 deploying deploy VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 15 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 17 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 18 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 19 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 20 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 21 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 23 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 24 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 320 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 2 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 4 Line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 5 spacing spacing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 7 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 8 stamina[edit stamina[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 10 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 11 unique unique JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 12 feature feature NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 15 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 16 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 19 depth depth NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 21 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 22 spacing spacing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 321 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 1 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 2 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 3 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 4 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 6 shallower shallow JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 7 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 9 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 10 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 12 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 13 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 322 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 1 Phalanxes phalanx NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 2 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 3 deepen deepen VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 4 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 5 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 6 heavily heavily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 8 add add VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 9 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 10 stamina stamina NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 12 shock shock NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 13 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 15 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 17 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 18 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 19 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 20 favoured favour VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 21 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 22 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 23 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 26 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 29 deep deep JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 30 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 32 layer layer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 33 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 34 arrangement arrangement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 323 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 2 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 6 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 9 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 10 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 12 continual continual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 13 funnelling funnelling NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 15 metering metering NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 17 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 18 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 19 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 20 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 22 longer long JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 23 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 24 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 25 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 27 steadily steadily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 28 renewed renew VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 29 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 32 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 33 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 34 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 36 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 37 broke break VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 324 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 1 Deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 4 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 6 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 7 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 8 required require VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 9 careful careful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 10 consideration consideration NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 13 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 14 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 325 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 1 Deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 2 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 3 early early RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 6 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 7 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 8 get get VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 9 entangled entangle VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 12 frontal frontal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 13 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 15 become become VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 16 exhausted exhausted JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 326 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 1 Deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 2 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 3 late late RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 6 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 7 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 9 swept sweep VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 10 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 13 rout rout NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 14 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 16 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 17 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 18 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 20 break break VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 327 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 1 Tight tight JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 2 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 3 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 6 maintained maintain VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 8 hence hence RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 10 3rd 3rd JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 11 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 12 triarii triarii NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 14 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 15 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 17 squat squat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 19 kneel kneel NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 21 effectively effectively RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 22 discouraging discourage VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 23 premature premature JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 24 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 27 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 328 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 3 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 5 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 6 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 7 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 9 constantly constantly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 10 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 12 spot spot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 14 spot spot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 17 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 18 riding ride VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 19 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 21 person person NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 23 fetch fetch VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 24 reserves reserve NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 25 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 26 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 28 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 29 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 30 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 31 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 32 messenger messenger NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 33 service service NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 329 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 2 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 3 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 5 officers officer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 8 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 9 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 10 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 14 flexible flexible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 15 breakdown breakdown NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 16 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 17 sub sub NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 19 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 20 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 21 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 23 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 24 greatly greatly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 25 aided aid VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 26 coordination coordination NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 28 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 29 moves move NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 330 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 2 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 4 Whatever whatever WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 6 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 7 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 8 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 9 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 12 ominous ominous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 13 funnelling funnelling NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 15 surge surge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 17 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 18 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 19 up up IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 22 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 23 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 24 constant constant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 26 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 28 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 29 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 30 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 32 whole whole NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 33 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 34 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 35 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 36 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 38 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 39 weakened weakened JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 41 exhausted exhaust VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 42 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 43 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 45 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 46 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 47 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 48 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 50 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 52 freshmen freshman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 53 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 55 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 56 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 57 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 59 passing pass VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 60 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 61 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 62 gradually gradually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 64 pressed press VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 65 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 66 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 67 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 68 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 70 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 71 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 72 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 73 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 74 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 75 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 76 worked work VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 77 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 78 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 79 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 80 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 81 fight fight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 82 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 83 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 84 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 85 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 331 86 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 3 tired tired JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 4 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 7 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 8 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 9 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 11 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 12 sufficiently sufficiently RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 13 rested rest VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 15 reformed reform VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 17 re re NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 18 - - VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 19 entered enter VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 21 fight fight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 332 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 2 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 3 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 4 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 5 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 8 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 10 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 11 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 12 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 13 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 14 engaged engage VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 333 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 2 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 4 presuppose presuppose VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 5 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 6 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 7 withdrawal withdrawal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 10 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 11 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 13 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 14 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 16 merging merging NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 19 blending blending NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 22 coalescing coalescing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 24 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 25 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 334 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 1 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 3 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 5 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 6 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 7 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 10 continually continually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 11 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 13 fresh fresh JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 14 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 15 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 17 exhausted exhausted JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 19 demoralized demoralize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 21 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 22 yielded yield VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 24 repeated repeat VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 25 attacks attack NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 335 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 2 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 4 Post post JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 5 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 6 deployment deployment JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 7 commands[edit commands[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 9 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 10 re re NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 11 - - NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 12 enactors enactor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 13 demonstrate demonstrate VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 15 variant variant NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 18 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 19 testudo testudo NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 20 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 21 Whatever whatever WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 23 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 26 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 27 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 29 marked mark VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 30 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 31 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 32 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 34 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 35 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 37 cohesion cohesion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 336 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 337 1 Different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 337 2 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 337 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 337 4 assumed assume VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 337 5 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 337 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 337 7 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 337 8 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 337 9 situations situation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 337 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 1 Repellere Repellere NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 2 equites equite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 5 repel repel NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 6 horsemen horseman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 7 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 8 knights knight NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 13 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 14 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 16 resist resist VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 17 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 338 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 2 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 4 assume assume VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 6 square square JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 7 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 9 holding hold VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 11 pila pila NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 13 spears spear NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 16 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 17 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 19 shields shield NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 21 strung string VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 22 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 23 shoulder shoulder NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 25 shoulder shoulder NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 339 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 3 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 4 iacite iacite NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 5 pila pila NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 8 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 9 hurled hurl VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 11 pila pila NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 14 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 340 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 3 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 4 cuneum cuneum NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 5 formate formate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 8 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 9 formed form VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 11 wedge wedge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 13 charge charge VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 15 break break VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 16 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 17 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 341 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 342 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 342 2 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 342 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 342 4 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 342 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 342 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 342 7 shock shock NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 342 8 tactic tactic NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 342 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 3 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 4 contendite contendite NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 5 vestra vestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 6 sponte sponte NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 9 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 10 assumed assume VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 12 aggressive aggressive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 13 stance stance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 15 attacked attack VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 16 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 17 opponent opponent NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 18 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 19 faced face VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 343 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 3 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 4 orbem orbem NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 5 formate formate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 8 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 9 assumed assume VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 11 circle circle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 13 like like JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 14 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 17 archers archer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 18 placed place VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 21 midst midst NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 24 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 26 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 27 providing provide VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 28 missile missile NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 29 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 30 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 344 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 2 tactic tactic NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 4 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 5 mainly mainly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 6 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 8 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 9 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 11 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 12 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 14 hold hold VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 16 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 18 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 19 surrounded surround VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 21 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 345 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 3 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 4 ciringite ciringite NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 5 frontem frontem NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 8 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 9 held hold VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 11 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 346 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 3 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 4 frontem frontem NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 5 allargate allargate NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 8 scattered scatter VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 9 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 11 adopted adopt VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 347 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 3 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 4 testudinem testudinem NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 5 formate formate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 8 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 9 assumed assume VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 11 testudo testudo NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 13 tortoise tortoise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 15 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 348 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 3 slow slow RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 5 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 6 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 7 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 8 impenetrable impenetrable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 10 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 11 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 14 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 15 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 16 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 17 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 18 sieges siege NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 19 and/or and/or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 20 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 21 facing face VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 22 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 23 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 24 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 25 archers archer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 349 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 4 testudo testudo NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 5 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 6 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 7 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 8 allow allow VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 10 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 11 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 12 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 14 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 16 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 17 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 18 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 20 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 21 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 22 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 23 enough enough RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 24 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 25 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 26 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 28 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 29 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 30 get get VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 31 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 32 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 33 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 34 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 35 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 36 attacked attack VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 350 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 3 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 4 tecombre tecombre NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 7 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 8 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 9 break break VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 11 Testudo Testudo NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 12 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 14 revert revert NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 17 previous previous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 18 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 351 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 3 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 4 Agmen Agmen NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 5 formate formate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 8 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 9 assumed assume VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 11 square square JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 12 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 16 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 18 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 19 shape shape NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 22 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 24 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 352 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 1 Siegecraft siegecraft NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 3 fortifications[edit fortifications[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 5 Besieging besiege VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 6 cities[edit cities[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 8 Oppidum Oppidum NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 9 expugnare expugnare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 12 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 13 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 15 besieging besiege VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 16 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 353 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 3 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 4 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 5 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 6 phases phase NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 8 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 9 reconstruction reconstruction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 12 Scorpio Scorpio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 354 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 3 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 4 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 6 engineers engineer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 9 cohors cohor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 10 fabrorum fabrorum NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 12 built build VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 14 fortified fortify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 15 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 16 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 18 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 20 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 22 circumvallation circumvallation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 24 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 26 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 27 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 28 turres turre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 29 extruere extruere NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 30 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 31 built build VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 32 watch watch NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 33 towers tower NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 34 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 35 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 37 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 38 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 39 bringing bring VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 40 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 41 reinforcements reinforcement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 355 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 1 Siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 2 towers tower NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 4 built build VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 6 trenches trench NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 8 dug dig VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 10 traps trap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 11 set set VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 12 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 13 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 15 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 356 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 1 Also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 2 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 4 exterior exterior JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 5 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 7 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 9 contravallation contravallation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 12 built build VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 13 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 15 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 16 facing face VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 18 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 21 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 22 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 23 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 25 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 27 Alesia Alesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 357 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 358 1 Sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 358 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 358 3 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 358 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 358 5 mine mine VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 358 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 358 7 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 358 8 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 358 9 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 358 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 2 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 3 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 4 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 6 onager onager NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 8 ballista ballista DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 9 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 11 cover cover VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 13 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 16 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 17 towers tower NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 19 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 20 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 21 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 23 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 24 ready ready JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 26 assault assault VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 28 wall wall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 29 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 30 defenders defender NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 359 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 3 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 4 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 5 approached approach VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 7 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 8 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 9 wall wall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 11 testudo testudo NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 12 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 14 bringing bring VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 15 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 16 battering batter VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 17 rams ram NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 19 ladders ladder NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 21 breach breach VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 23 gates gate NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 25 scale scale VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 27 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 360 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 2 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 3 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 4 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 6 opening opening NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 9 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 10 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 11 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 12 gate gate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 15 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 17 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 18 managed manage VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 20 break break VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 21 through through RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 23 scale scale VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 25 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 27 provided provide VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 29 rams ram NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 30 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 31 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 32 knocked knock VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 34 gate gate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 35 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 361 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 1 Once once IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 3 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 4 gate gate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 6 opened open VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 9 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 10 breached breach VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 13 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 15 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 16 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 17 entered enter VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 19 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 21 finish finish VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 22 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 24 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 25 defenders defender NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 362 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 1 Field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 2 fortifications[edit fortifications[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 4 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 5 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 6 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 7 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 8 forts fort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 10 elaborate elaborate JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 11 sieges siege NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 13 capture capture VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 14 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 16 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 17 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 19 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 20 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 23 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 24 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 25 unique unique JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 26 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 27 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 28 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 30 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 31 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 32 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 34 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 35 fortifications fortification NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 363 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 2 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 3 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 4 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 6 enormous enormous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 7 effort effort NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 9 expended expend VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 11 dig dig VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 12 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 14 job job NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 15 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 18 ordinary ordinary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 19 legionary legionary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 364 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 1 His -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 2 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 3 pack pack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 4 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 6 shovel shovel NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 9 dolabra dolabra NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 11 pickaxe pickaxe NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 15 wicker wicker NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 16 basket basket NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 18 hauling haul VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 19 dirt dirt NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 365 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 366 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 366 2 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 366 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 366 4 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 366 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 366 6 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 366 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 366 8 turf turf NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 366 9 cutter cutter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 366 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 1 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 2 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 4 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 5 dug dig VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 6 trenches trench NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 8 built build VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 9 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 11 palisades palisade NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 13 constructed construct VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 14 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 15 roads road NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 367 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 368 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 368 2 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 368 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 368 4 Julius Julius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 368 5 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 368 6 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 368 7 Alesia Alesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 368 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 368 9 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 368 10 known known JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 368 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 2 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 3 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 5 surrounded surround VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 7 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 8 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 9 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 10 penning pen VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 12 defenders defender NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 15 keeping keep VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 16 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 17 relieving relieve VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 18 attackers attacker NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 369 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 2 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 4 camps camp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 6 forts fort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 8 included include VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 10 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 11 works work NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 370 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 2 inner inner JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 3 trench trench NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 4 alone alone RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 6 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 7 feet foot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 9 6.1 6.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 11 m m NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 13 deep deep RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 16 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 17 diverted divert VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 19 river river NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 21 fill fill VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 22 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 24 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 371 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 2 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 4 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 5 sown sow VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 7 caltrops caltrop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 9 iron iron NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 10 barbs barb NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 12 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 13 places place NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 15 discourage discourage VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 16 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 372 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 1 Surprisingly surprisingly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 2 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 3 such such PDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 5 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 6 centred centre VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 7 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 9 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 10 relied rely VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 11 heavily heavily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 13 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 14 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 16 counter counter VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 17 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 18 sorties sortie NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 373 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 1 Ironically ironically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 3 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 5 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 8 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 9 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 10 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 11 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 12 come come VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 14 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 15 earlier early RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 374 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 2 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 5 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 8 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 9 camps camp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 10 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 11 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 12 noted note VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 13 earlier early RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 15 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 17 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 18 actions action NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 21 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 22 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 23 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 24 trenches trench NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 26 secure secure VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 27 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 28 flanks flank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 29 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 30 envelopment envelopment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 31 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 32 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 33 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 34 outnumbered outnumber VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 36 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 37 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 38 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 39 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 40 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 42 Belgaic Belgaic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 43 Gaul Gaul NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 375 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 3 Brittany Brittany NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 4 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 6 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 8 moles mole NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 10 breakwaters breakwater NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 12 constructed construct VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 13 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 14 enormous enormous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 15 effort effort NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 17 assault assault VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 19 estuarine estuarine JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 20 strongholds stronghold NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 23 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 376 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 1 Internal internal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 3 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 4 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 5 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 7 Pompey Pompey NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 9 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 11 frequent frequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 12 employment employment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 14 trenches trench NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 16 counter counter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 17 - - NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 18 trenches trench NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 20 dug dig VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 23 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 24 points point NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 27 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 28 works work NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 31 contenders contender NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 32 manoeuvred manoeuvre VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 33 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 34 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 35 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 37 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 38 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 377 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 2 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 6 latter latter JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 7 stages stage NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 10 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 13 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 14 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 16 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 17 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 18 fortifications fortification NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 19 declined decline VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 22 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 23 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 24 itself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 25 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 26 phased phase VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 27 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 378 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 3 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 5 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 6 integral integral JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 7 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 10 relentless relentless JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 12 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 14 dominance dominance VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 15 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 16 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 17 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 20 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 21 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 379 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 2 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 4 Infantry Infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 5 effectiveness[edit effectiveness[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 8 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 9 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 11 Macedonian Macedonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 12 phalanx[edit phalanx[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 14 Strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 17 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 18 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 380 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 1 Prior prior RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 4 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 6 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 9 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 10 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 13 premiere premiere NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 14 infantry infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 15 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 18 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 19 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 381 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 2 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 3 proven prove VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 4 itself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 7 battlefields battlefield NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 9 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 10 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 13 Sparta Sparta NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 15 Macedonia Macedonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 18 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 19 met meet VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 21 overcome overcome VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 22 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 23 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 24 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 25 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 26 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 27 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 29 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 31 Pakistan Pakistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 32 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 33 Northwest Northwest NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 34 India India NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 382 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 1 Packed pack VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 2 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 4 dense dense JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 5 armoured armoured JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 6 mass mass NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 9 equipped equip VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 11 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 12 pikes pike NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 13 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 15 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 16 feet foot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 18 6.4 6.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 19   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 20 m m NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 23 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 26 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 29 formidable formidable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 30 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 383 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 2 defensive defensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 3 configurations configuration NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 5 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 6 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 9 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 11 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 12 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 13 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 14 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 16 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 17 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 19 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 21 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 24 frontal frontal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 25 charge charge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 29 oblique oblique JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 31 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 32 echeloned echelone VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 33 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 34 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 35 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 36 opposing oppose VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 37 flank flank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 39 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 41 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 43 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 45 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 47 Theban Theban NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 48 innovator innovator NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 49 Epaminondas Epaminondas NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 50 attest attest VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 384 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 2 working work VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 3 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 4 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 5 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 6 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 7 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 8 infantry infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 10 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 11 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 12 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 15 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 16 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 17 height height NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 18 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 19 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 21 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 22 peer peer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 385 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 386 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 386 2 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 386 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 386 4 Weaknesses weakness NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 386 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 386 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 386 7 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 386 8 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 386 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 387 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 387 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 387 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 387 4 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 387 5 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 387 6 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 387 7 key key JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 387 8 weaknesses weakness NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 387 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 2 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 3 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 4 manoeuvrability manoeuvrability NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 6 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 7 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 9 clash clash NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 11 joined join VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 13 decreased decrease VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 15 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 17 rough rough JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 18 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 388 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 389 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 389 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 389 3 dense dense JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 389 4 pack pack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 389 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 389 6 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 389 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 389 8 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 389 9 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 389 10 rigid rigid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 389 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 1 Compressed compress VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 4 heat heat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 6 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 8 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 9 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 10 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 11 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 12 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 13 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 14 facing face VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 15 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 390 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 2 diversity diversity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 4 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 5 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 7 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 8 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 9 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 13 diversity diversity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 16 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 18 edged edged JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 19 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 21 relying rely VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 22 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 24 mix mix NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 26 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 27 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 29 complicated complicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 31 control control VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 33 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 391 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 2 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 4 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 6 usual usual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 7 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 8 infantrymen infantryman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 10 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 12 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 13 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 14 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 15 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 16 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 17 elite elite JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 18 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 20 medium medium JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 21 armed armed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 22 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 24 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 25 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 27 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 28 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 29 styles style NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 31 shock shock NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 32 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 34 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 36 elephants elephant NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 392 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 2 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 4 Such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 6 mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 8 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 9 presented present VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 10 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 11 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 13 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 14 problems problem NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 393 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 2 properly properly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 3 organized organize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 5 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 6 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 8 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 9 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 10 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 11 capable capable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 12 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 14 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 15 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 16 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 17 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 18 proficient proficient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 394 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 2 campaigns campaign NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 4 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 6 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 9 Hellenic hellenic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 11 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 12 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 14 mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 15 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 17 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 18 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 395 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 1 Without without IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 2 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 3 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 5 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 6 cohesion cohesion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 8 leadership leadership NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 10 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 12 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 13 performance performance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 15 uneven uneven JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 396 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 3 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 5 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 7 engaging engage VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 8 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 9 Hellenistic hellenistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 10 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 13 Greeks Greeks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 14 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 15 ceased cease VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 17 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 18 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 19 flank flank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 20 guards guard NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 22 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 23 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 26 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 27 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 28 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 29 degenerated degenerate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 30 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 32 mere mere JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 33 clash clash NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 35 phalanxes phalanx NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 397 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 4 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 5 overcome overcome VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 8 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 11 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 13 Cynoscephalae Cynoscephalae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 398 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 399 1 Advantages advantage NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 399 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 399 3 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 399 4 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 399 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 2 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 3 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 5 retained retain VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 6 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 7 aspects aspect NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 10 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 11 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 13 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 16 confused confuse VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 19 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 20 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 23 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 24 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 25 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 27 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 28 notably notably RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 30 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 31 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 33 fighters fighter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 36 classic classic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 37 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 38 triple triple JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 39 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 40 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 43 spearmen spearman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 46 triarii triarii NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 400 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 2 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 3 pikes pike NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 6 triarii triarii NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 9 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 10 disappear disappear VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 13 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 14 hands hand NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 16 uniformly uniformly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 17 equipped equip VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 19 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 20 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 22 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 24 pilum pilum NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 27 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 30 distinctive distinctive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 31 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 32 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 33 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 35 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 36 provided provide VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 37 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 38 standardization standardization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 40 cohesion cohesion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 43 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 44 run run NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 45 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 47 Hellenic Hellenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 48 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 49 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 401 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 1 Phalanxes phalanx NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 2 facing face VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 4 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 6 vulnerable vulnerable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 9 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 10 flexible flexible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 13 checkerboard checkerboard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 15 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 17 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 18 provided provide VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 19 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 20 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 21 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 23 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 24 chunk chunk NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 26 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 27 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 29 engage engage VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 31 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 32 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 33 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 402 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 2 manipular manipular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 3 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 4 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 5 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 6 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 8 sub sub NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 10 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 12 manoeuvre manoeuvre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 13 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 14 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 16 freed free VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 19 need need NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 21 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 22 remain remain VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 23 tightly tightly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 24 packed pack VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 26 rigid rigid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 27 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 403 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 2 deep deep JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 3 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 5 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 6 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 9 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 10 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 11 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 12 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 14 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 15 steadily steadily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 16 applied apply VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 17 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 404 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 405 1 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 405 2 phalanxes phalanx NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 405 3 favoured favour VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 405 4 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 405 5 huge huge JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 405 6 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 405 7 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 405 8 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 405 9 deep deep RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 405 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 2 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 3 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 4 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 7 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 8 stages stage NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 10 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 13 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 14 entangled entangle VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 15 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 17 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 18 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 21 stacked stack VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 22 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 23 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 24 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 25 fresh fresh JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 26 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 29 imposed impose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 30 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 32 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 33 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 34 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 406 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 2 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 3 lengthened lengthen VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 6 battlefield battlefield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 7 compressed compress VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 10 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 11 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 12 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 13 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 14 exhausted exhausted JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 16 rendered render VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 17 immobile immobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 19 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 21 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 22 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 23 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 24 enough enough JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 25 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 27 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 28 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 29 manoeuvre manoeuvre NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 30 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 32 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 34 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 35 surges surge NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 36 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 407 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 4 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 5 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 6 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 8 Zama Zama NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 9 appears appear VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 11 recognize recognize VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 13 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 14 hence hence RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 16 Carthaginian Carthaginian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 17 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 18 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 20 deep deep JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 21 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 23 layer layer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 24 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 26 sacrificing sacrifice VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 27 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 28 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 29 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 30 lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 31 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 32 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 34 holding hold VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 35 back back RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 36 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 37 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 39 hardened harden VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 40 veterans veteran NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 42 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 43 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 45 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 46 encounter encounter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 408 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 1 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 3 arrangement arrangement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 4 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 5 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 7 recommend recommend VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 8 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 9 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 10 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 11 weakness weakness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 13 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 15 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 17 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 18 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 19 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 20 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 21 provision provision NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 23 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 24 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 25 relieving relieve VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 27 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 30 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 31 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 409 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 1 Each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 2 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 3 fought fight VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 4 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 5 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 6 lonely lonely JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 7 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 10 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 11 ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 12 perished perish VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 13 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 15 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 16 reorganized reorganize VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 19 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 20 surge surge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 410 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 2 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 4 drilled drill VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 6 trained train VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 7 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 8 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 10 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 11 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 12 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 16 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 17 uniform uniform JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 19 streamlined streamline VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 22 unlike unlike IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 23 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 24 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 25 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 26 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 28 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 30 enabling enable VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 31 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 32 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 33 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 34 brilliant brilliant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 35 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 36 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 37 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 38 manoeuvre manoeuvre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 40 position position VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 41 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 42 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 43 proficiently proficiently RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 411 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 2 qualities quality NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 4 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 5 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 7 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 8 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 9 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 10 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 12 match match NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 15 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 17 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 18 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 19 met meet VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 21 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 412 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 2 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 4 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 6 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 9 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 10 comparison comparison NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 13 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 14 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 16 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 17 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 413 20 .. .. . en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 1 Whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 3 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 4 requires require VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 5 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 6 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 8 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 9 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 11 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 414 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 2 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 3 requires require VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 4 flat flat JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 6 level level JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 7 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 8 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 10 unencumbered unencumbered JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 12 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 13 obstacles obstacle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 415 14 .. .. . en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 3 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 4 refuses refuse VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 6 come come VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 7 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 9 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 10 meet meet VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 14 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 15 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 17 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 18 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 19 purpose purpose NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 20 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 22 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 23 serve serve VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 24 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-2371 416 25 .. .. . en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 2 Also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 5 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 6 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 7 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 8 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 9 operate operate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 11 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 12 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 13 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 15 singly singly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 17 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 19 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 20 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 22 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 23 flexible flexible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 417 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 1 Every every DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 3 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 4 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 5 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 6 adapt adapt VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 7 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 8 equally equally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 9 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 11 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 12 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 14 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 16 meet meet VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 17 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 18 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 19 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 20 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 21 quarter quarter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 418 22 .. .. . en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 1 Accordingly accordingly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 3 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 5 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 6 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 8 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 12 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 14 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 15 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 16 superior superior JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 19 plans plan NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 20 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 21 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 22 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 23 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 25 achieve achieve VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 26 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 419 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 3 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 5 Versus Versus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 6 Pyrrhus[edit pyrrhus[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 8 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 11 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 13 Epirus Epirus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 15 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 16 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 17 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 18 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 19 phalangical phalangical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 20 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 23 prove prove VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 25 tough tough JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 26 trial trial NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 29 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 420 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 1 Despite despite IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 2 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 3 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 6 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 7 inflicted inflict VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 8 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 9 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 12 Epirote Epirote NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 13 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 16 phrase phrase NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 18 Pyrrhic pyrrhic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 19 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 21 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 22 become become VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 24 byword byword NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 27 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 28 won win VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 29 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 31 terrible terrible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 32 cost cost NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 421 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 2 skilful skilful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 4 experienced experienced JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 5 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 7 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 8 deployed deploy VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 10 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 11 mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 12 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 13 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 15 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 16 shock shock NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 17 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 19 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 21 elephants elephant NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 24 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 26 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 27 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 29 peltasts peltasts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 32 elite elite JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 33 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 36 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 37 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 38 support support VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 39 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 40 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 422 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 1 Using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 2 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 3 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 5 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 7 defeat defeat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 9 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 10 twice twice RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 14 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 15 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 16 deemed deem VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 17 inconclusive inconclusive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 20 limited limited JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 21 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 22 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 23 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 25 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 26 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 423 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 2 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 3 below below RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 5 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 6 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 7 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 9 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 10 accounts account NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 12 illustrate illustrate VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 14 difficulties difficulty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 16 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 17 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 18 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 19 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 424 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 2 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 4 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 6 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 8 compare compare VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 9 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 12 fleeing flee VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 13 Perseus Perseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 14 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 15 Pydna Pydna NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 16 below below RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 19 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 20 presented present VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 22 credible credible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 23 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 24 alternative alternative NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 27 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 28 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 425 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 2 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 4 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 8 learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 11 mistakes mistake NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 426 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 2 subsequent subsequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 3 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 4 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 6 Pyrrhic pyrrhic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 7 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 9 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 10 showed show VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 11 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 12 masters master NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 15 Hellenic Hellenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 16 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 427 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 1 Battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 3 Heraclea Heraclea NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 4 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 6 Asculum Asculum NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 7 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 9 Beneventum Beneventum NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 10 Notable Notable NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 11 triumphs[edit triumphs[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 13 Battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 15 Cynoscephalae[edit cynoscephalae[edit JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 17 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 18 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 20 Battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 22 Cynoscephalae Cynoscephalae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 23 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 24 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 25 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 27 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 28 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 29 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 30 held hold VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 32 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 33 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 34 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 35 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 37 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 38 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 39 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 40 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 41 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 42 properly properly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 43 positioned position VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 44 due due IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 45 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 46 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 47 skirmishing skirmishing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 428 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 3 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 4 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 6 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 7 left left JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 9 wing wing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 10 drove drive VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 11 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 13 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 15 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 16 counterattacked counterattack VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 19 right right JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 20 flank flank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 22 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 23 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 24 progress progress NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 25 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 27 somewhat somewhat RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 28 disorganized disorganized JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 29 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 30 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 429 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 4 issue issue NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 6 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 8 doubt doubt NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 9 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 11 unknown unknown JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 12 tribune tribune NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 14 officer officer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 16 detached detach VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 17 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 18 maniples maniple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 19 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 21 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 22 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 24 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 25 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 26 encircling encircle VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 27 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 28 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 30 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 31 rear rear NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 430 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 2 caused cause VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 4 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 5 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 7 collapse collapse VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 9 securing secure VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 11 route route NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 14 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 431 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 2 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 3 flexible flexible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 5 streamlined streamline VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 6 legionary legionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 7 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 8 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 9 exploited exploit VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 11 weaknesses weakness NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 14 densely densely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 15 packed pack VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 16 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 432 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 433 1 Such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 433 2 triumphs triumph NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 433 3 secured secure VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 433 4 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 433 5 hegemony hegemony NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 433 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 433 7 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 433 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 433 9 adjoining adjoining JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 433 10 lands land NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 433 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 1 Battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 3 Pydna[edit pydna[edit JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 5 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 6 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 8 Battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 10 Pydna Pydna NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 11 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 12 Pydna Pydna NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 14 contenders contender NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 15 deployed deploy VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 18 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 19 flat flat JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 20 plain plain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 24 Macedonians Macedonians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 25 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 26 augmented augment VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 28 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 31 sizeable sizeable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 32 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 33 contingent contingent NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 434 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 3 hour hour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 5 decision decision NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 8 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 9 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 10 advanced advance VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 12 formidable formidable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 13 array array NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 14 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 16 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 17 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 19 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 20 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 21 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 22 progress progress NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 435 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 4 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 6 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 8 advance advance VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 9 over over RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 11 rough rough JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 15 powerful powerful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 16 phalangial phalangial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 17 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 18 lost lose VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 19 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 20 tight tight JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 21 cohesion cohesion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 436 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 2 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 3 absorbed absorb VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 5 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 6 shock shock NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 8 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 9 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 10 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 12 fray fray NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 14 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 15 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 16 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 17 spacious spacious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 18 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 20 continuously continuously RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 21 applied apply VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 22 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 23 proved prove VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 24 decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 26 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 30 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 31 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 32 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 34 rough rough JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 35 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 437 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 1 Shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 3 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 4 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 5 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 6 quarters quarter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 8 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 9 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 10 neutralized neutralize VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 12 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 13 pike pike NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 16 supplementary supplementary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 17 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 18 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 20 lighter light JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 21 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 24 dagger dagger NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 26 like like JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 27 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 28 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 30 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 31 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 32 indifferent indifferent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 33 showing show VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 34 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 36 skilful skilful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 38 aggressive aggressive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 39 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 42 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 43 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 44 infantrymen infantryman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 438 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 2 opposition opposition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 4 failed fail VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 6 deploy deploy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 7 supporting support VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 8 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 9 effectively effectively RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 11 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 13 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 14 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 15 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 16 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 18 dire dire JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 19 need need NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 439 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 1 Indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 4 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 5 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 7 Perseus Perseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 9 seeing see VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 11 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 12 deteriorating deteriorate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 14 seems seem VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 16 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 17 fled flee VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 18 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 19 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 20 bringing bring VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 21 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 22 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 23 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 25 engagement engagement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 440 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 2 affair affair NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 4 decided decide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 6 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 7 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 8 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 9 hours hour NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 13 comprehensive comprehensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 14 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 17 Macedonians Macedonians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 441 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 2 anti anti JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 3 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 4 phalanx phalanx JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 5 tactics[edit tactics[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 8 Breaking break VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 9 phalanxes phalanx NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 11 illustrates illustrate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 12 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 15 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 16 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 17 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 18 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 442 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 3 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 4 faced face VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 5 phalangite phalangite JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 6 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 9 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 10 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 11 deployed deploy VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 13 velites velite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 15 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 18 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 21 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 23 contendite contendite VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 24 vestra vestra NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 25 sponte sponte NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 27 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 30 presumably presumably RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 31 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 32 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 33 javelins javelin NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 36 cause cause VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 37 confusion confusion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 39 panic panic NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 42 solid solid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 43 blocks block NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 45 phalanxes phalanx NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 443 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 3 auxilia auxilia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 4 archers archer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 6 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 9 wings wing NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 12 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 14 front front NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 17 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 20 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 22 defend defend VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 23 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 24 withdrawal withdrawal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 444 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 2 archers archer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 4 ordered order VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 6 eiaculare eiaculare VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 7 flammas flammas NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 9 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 10 incendiary incendiary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 11 arrows arrow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 12 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 14 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 445 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 2 cohorts cohort NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 3 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 4 advanced advance VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 7 wedge wedge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 8 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 10 supported support VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 13 velites velite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 14 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 16 auxiliaries auxiliary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 17 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 18 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 21 charged charge VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 22 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 24 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 25 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 27 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 28 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 30 breaking break VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 31 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 33 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 34 flanking flank VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 35 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 36 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 38 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 39 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 40 seal seal VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 42 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 446 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 3 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 5 Beneventum Beneventum NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 7 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 9 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 11 arrows arrow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 12 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 13 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 447 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 1 Versus Versus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 2 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 4 Carthage[edit carthage[edit JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 6 Tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 7 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 9 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 10 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 11 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 448 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 2 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 4 classic classic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 5 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 6 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 8 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 10 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 12 composed compose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 15 mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 17 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 19 elements element NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 20 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 22 Hellenic Hellenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 23 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 26 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 27 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 28 told tell VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 29 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 30 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 32 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 34 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 35 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 37 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 38 reportedly reportedly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 39 named name VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 40 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 41 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 43 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 46 past past NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 47 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 48 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 49 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 50 admired[44 admired[44 RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 51 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 52 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 53 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 54 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 55 blunted blunt VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 56 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 57 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 58 hosts host NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 59 prior prior RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 60 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 61 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 62 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 63 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 64 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 66 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 67 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 68 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 69 advantages advantage NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 70 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 71 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 72 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 73 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 74 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 75 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 76 resource resource NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 77 mobilization mobilization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 78 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 79 why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 80 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 81 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 82 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 83 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 84 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 85 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 86 showing showing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 87 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 88 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 89 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 90 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 91 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 92 Carthaginian Carthaginian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 93 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 94 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 95 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 96 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 97 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 98 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 99 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 100 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 101 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 102 suffered suffer VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 103 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 104 numerical numerical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 105 inferiority inferiority NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 106 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 107 lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 108 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 109 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 110 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 111 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 112 homeland homeland NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 449 113 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 1 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 3 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 4 genius genius NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 7 steadiness steadiness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 9 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 10 core core NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 11 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 13 forged forge VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 14 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 15 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 16 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 18 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 19 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 21 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 24 later later RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 26 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 29 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 30 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 31 arm arm NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 32 seem seem VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 34 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 36 decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 37 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 450 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 1 Time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 2 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 3 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 4 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 5 exploited exploit VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 7 tendencies tendency NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 10 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 12 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 13 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 14 eagerness eagerness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 16 close close VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 18 achieve achieve VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 20 decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 21 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 451 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 2 cold cold JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 4 tired tired JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 6 wet wet JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 7 legionnaires legionnaire NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 8 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 9 slogged slog VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 10 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 13 Trebia Trebia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 14 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 16 form form VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 17 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 20 river river NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 21 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 22 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 24 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 25 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 27 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 28 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 29 forced force VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 31 manipulated manipulate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 33 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 34 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 35 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 36 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 37 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 38 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 41 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 43 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 45 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 46 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 47 choosing choosing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 452 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 2 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 3 debacles debacle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 4 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 5 Lake Lake NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 6 Trasimene Trasimene NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 8 Cannae Cannae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 10 forced force VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 12 proud proud JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 13 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 15 avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 16 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 18 shadowing shadow VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 20 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 21 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 23 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 24 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 27 Apennines Apennines NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 29 unwilling unwilling JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 31 risk risk VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 33 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 34 engagement engagement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 35 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 37 plains plain NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 38 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 40 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 41 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 42 held hold VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 43 sway sway NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 453 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 2 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 4 Growing grow VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 6 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 7 sophistication sophistication NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 9 ability ability NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 11 adapt adapt VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 12 overcome overcome VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 13 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 14 disasters disaster NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 454 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 1 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 2 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 4 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 6 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 7 underscored underscore VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 10 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 12 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 14 invincible invincible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 16 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 17 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 18 demonstrated demonstrate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 20 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 22 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 23 strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 455 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 1 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 2 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 4 vast vast JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 5 manpower manpower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 6 surplus surplus NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 7 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 8 outnumbering outnumber VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 9 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 10 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 11 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 12 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 13 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 14 options option NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 16 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 456 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 2 isolated isolate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 4 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 5 bottled bottle VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 6 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 8 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 10 hastened hasten VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 11 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 12 withdrawal withdrawal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 14 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 17 constant constant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 18 manoeuvre manoeuvre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 457 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 1 More more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 2 importantly importantly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 4 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 5 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 6 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 7 manpower manpower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 8 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 10 launch launch VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 12 offensive offensive NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 13 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 14 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 16 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 458 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 3 willing willing JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 5 absorb absorb VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 7 humiliation humiliation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 9 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 11 remain remain VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 14 strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 15 defensive defensive NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 17 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 19 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 20 relentless relentless JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 21 persistence persistence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 22 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 23 struck strike VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 24 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 27 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 28 crush crush VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 29 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 30 foes foe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 459 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 460 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 460 2 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 460 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 460 4 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 460 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 460 6 learned learn VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 460 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 460 8 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 460 9 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 460 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 2 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 4 Scipio Scipio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 6 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 7 improvement improvement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 9 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 11 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 12 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 13 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 14 previously previously RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 15 faced face VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 16 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 18 showing show VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 20 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 21 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 23 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 24 thinking thinking NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 26 preparation preparation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 28 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 461 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 2 Compare compare VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 3 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 4 Sempronius sempronius NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 7 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 10 Trebia Trebia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 11 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 13 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 462 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 1 Scipio Scipio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 3 contribution contribution NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 6 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 8 implement implement VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 9 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 10 flexible flexible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 11 manoeuvre manoeuvre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 13 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 14 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 16 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 19 straight straight RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 21 ahead ahead RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 23 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 25 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 26 grind grind NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 27 favoured favour VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 28 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 29 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 30 contemporaries contemporary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 463 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 3 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 4 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 5 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 7 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 9 traditionally traditionally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 11 arm arm NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 13 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 15 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 16 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 17 lacking lack VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 464 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 1 His -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 2 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 4 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 5 pincer pincer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 6 movements movement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 9 consolidated consolidated JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 10 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 11 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 15 reverse reverse VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 16 Cannae Cannae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 18 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 20 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 21 movements movement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 465 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 1 His -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 2 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 4 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 7 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 8 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 9 demonstrated demonstrate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 11 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 12 sophistication sophistication NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 15 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 17 reaffirmed reaffirm VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 19 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 20 capacity capacity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 22 adapt adapt VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 24 persist persist VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 26 overcome overcome VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 466 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 4 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 5 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 6 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 8 Battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 10 Baecula Baecula NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 11 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 13 Ilipa Ilipa NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 14 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 16 Zama Zama NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 17 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 18 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 19 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 20 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 23 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 24 tribes[edit tribes[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 25 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 26 Barbarian Barbarian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 27 armies[edit armies[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 28 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 29 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 32 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 33 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 35 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 36 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 37 varied vary VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 38 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 467 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 2 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 3 histories history NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 4 consider consider VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 5 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 8 backward backward JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 9 savages savage NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 11 ruthlessly ruthlessly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 12 destroying destroy VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 14 civilization civilization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 17 grandeur grandeur NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 18 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 20 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 468 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 2 modernist modernist JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 3 views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 4 see see VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 5 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 8 proto proto JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 10 nationalist nationalist JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 11 light light NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 13 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 14 freedom freedom NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 15 fighters fighter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 16 resisting resist VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 18 iron iron NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 19 boot boot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 21 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 469 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 470 1 Often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 470 2 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 470 3 bravery bravery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 470 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 470 5 celebrated celebrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 470 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 470 7 worthy worthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 470 8 adversaries adversary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 470 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 470 10 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 470 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 471 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 471 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 471 3 Dying die VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 471 4 Gaul Gaul NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 471 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 471 6 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 471 7 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 471 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 2 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 3 opposition opposition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 6 composed compose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 9 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 10 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 12 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 13 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 15 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 17 geographically geographically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 18 ranging range VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 19 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 21 mountains mountain NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 23 Switzerland Switzerland NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 26 lowlands lowland NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 28 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 30 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 31 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 32 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 33 easy easy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 34 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 35 categorize categorize VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 472 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 2 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 4 Gaul Gaul NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 6 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 8 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 9 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 10 interchangeably interchangeably RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 12 describe describe VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 13 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 14 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 15 farther farther RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 16 afield afield RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 18 Britain Britain NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 19 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 20 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 21 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 24 diversity diversity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 26 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 27 lumped lump VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 28 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 29 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 30 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 31 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 473 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 1 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 3 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 4 standpoint standpoint NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 6 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 8 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 9 seem seem VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 11 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 12 shared share VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 13 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 14 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 15 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 17 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 18 polities polity NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 21 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 22 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 24 lesser less JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 25 elaborated elaborate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 26 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 27 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 29 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 30 weaponry weaponry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 32 fairly fairly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 33 unsophisticated unsophisticated JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 34 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 36 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 38 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 39 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 40 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 42 mobility mobility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 45 inability inability NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 46 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 47 sustain sustain VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 48 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 49 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 50 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 51 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 52 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 53 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 54 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 55 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 56 lengthy lengthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 57 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 474 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 2 45 45 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 4 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 5 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 6 reflect reflect VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 9 prejudices prejudice NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 11 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 12 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 14 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 15 nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 16 testify testify VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 19 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 20 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 21 fierceness fierceness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 23 bravery bravery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 475 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 2 Their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 3 chief chief JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 4 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 6 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 8 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 10 edged edge VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 11 swords sword NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 13 soft soft JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 14 iron iron NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 476 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 477 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 477 2 defence defence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 477 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 477 4 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 477 5 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 477 6 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 477 7 wicker wicker NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 477 8 shields shield NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 477 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 2 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 4 undisciplined undisciplined JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 5 mobs mob NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 7 greedy greedy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 9 plunder plunder NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 10 .. .. . en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 11 Brave brave JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 14 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 16 recklessness recklessness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 18 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 20 formidable formidable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 21 warriors warrior NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 25 ferocity ferocity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 27 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 28 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 29 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 30 inspired inspire VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 31 terror terror NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 32 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 35 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 37 veteran veteran NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 38 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 478 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 3 46 46 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 5 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 6 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 7 victories[edit victories[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 9 Though though IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 10 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 11 accounts account NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 12 celebrate celebrate VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 14 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 16 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 17 assortment assortment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 19 charismatic charismatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 20 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 21 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 22 vanquishing vanquish VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 23 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 24 hosts host NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 27 wild wild JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 28 barbarians",[47 barbarians",[47 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 29 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 30 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 31 suffered suffer VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 33 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 35 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 36 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 37 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 38 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 39 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 40 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 479 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 1 As as RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 2 early early RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 3 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 5 Republican republican JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 6 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 8 circa circa NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 9 390–387 390–387 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 10 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 13 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 14 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 15 sacked sack VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 16 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 17 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 18 Brennus Brennus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 21 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 22 won win VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 23 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 24 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 25 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 26 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 29 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 31 Noreia Noreia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 34 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 36 Arausio Arausio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 480 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 2 foremost foremost JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 3 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 4 triumph triumph NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 6 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 7 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 8 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 12 Day day NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 14 Allia"- allia"- JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 15 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 16 18- 18- NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 17 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 18 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 19 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 20 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 21 routed route VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 23 driven drive VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 24 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 26 Allia Allia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 27 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 481 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 1 Henceforth henceforth RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 3 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 4 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 6 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 8 unlucky unlucky JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 9 date date NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 12 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 13 Calendar Calendar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 482 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 2 48 48 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 4 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 5 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 6 suggest suggest VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 10 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 12 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 13 debacles debacle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 16 expanding expand VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 17 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 18 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 19 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 21 adjust adjust VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 23 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 24 vigorous vigorous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 26 fast fast RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 28 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 29 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 30 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 483 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 2 49 49 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 5 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 6 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 8 phase phase VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 9 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 11 monolithic monolithic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 12 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 13 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 14 formerly formerly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 15 fought fight VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 18 adopted adopt VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 20 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 21 flexible flexible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 22 manipular manipular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 23 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 484 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 485 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 485 2 circular circular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 485 3 hoplite hoplite JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 485 4 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 485 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 485 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 485 7 enlarged enlarge VBN 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en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 4 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 5 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 6 went go VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 8 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 9 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 10 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 11 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 12 triumph triumph NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 13 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 15 Gallics Gallics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 17 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 20 campaigns campaign NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 22 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 489 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 3 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 4 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 5 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 7 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 9 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 10 warbands warband NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 11 inflicted inflict VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 12 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 14 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 15 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 16 greatest great JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 17 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 18 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 22 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 25 Teutoburg Teutoburg NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 26 Forest Forest NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 28 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 29 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 31 destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 33 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 34 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 35 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 37 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 38 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 39 place place VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 40 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 41 limit limit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 42 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 43 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 44 expansion expansion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 47 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 490 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 1 And and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 2 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 4 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 5 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 6 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 8 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 10 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 11 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 12 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 13 familiarity familiarity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 15 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 17 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 18 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 21 becoming become VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 22 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 23 Romanized romanize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 24 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 26 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 27 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 29 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 30 bring bring VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 31 about about RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 33 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 34 military military NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 35 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 36 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 37 demise demise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 40 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 491 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 1 Ironically ironically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 5 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 6 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 9 bulk bulk NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 12 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 14 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 15 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 16 composed compose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 17 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 19 barbarians barbarian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 21 either either DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 22 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 492 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 2 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 4 Tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 5 performance performance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 6 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 7 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 9 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 10 opponents[edit opponents[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 12 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 14 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 15 strengths[edit strengths[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 17 Whatever whatever WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 19 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 20 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 23 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 25 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 26 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 27 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 28 proved prove VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 29 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 31 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 32 tough tough JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 33 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 35 racking rack VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 36 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 37 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 38 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 39 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 40 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 41 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 493 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 2 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 3 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 5 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 6 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 7 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 8 massed massed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 9 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 11 tightly tightly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 12 packed pack VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 13 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 15 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 16 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 18 overlapping overlap VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 19 shields shield NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 22 employed employ VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 23 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 24 coverage coverage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 25 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 26 sieges siege NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 494 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 2 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 3 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 5 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 6 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 7 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 9 triangular triangular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 11 wedge wedge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 13 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 14 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 16 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 495 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 2 greatest great JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 3 hope hope NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 5 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 6 lay lie VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 8 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 9 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 14 numerical numerical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 15 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 18 b b LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 20 surprising surprise VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 22 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 24 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 25 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 26 ambush ambush NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 28 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 33 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 35 advancing advance VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 36 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 37 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 39 fight fight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 41 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 43 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 44 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 45 engaging engage VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 47 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 48 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 49 heavily heavily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 50 covered covered JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 51 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 52 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 53 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 54 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 55 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 56 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 57 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 58 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 59 horde horde NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 60 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 61 shelter shelter VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 62 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 63 striking strike VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 64 distance distance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 65 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 66 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 67 hour hour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 68 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 69 decision decision NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 70 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 71 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 72 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 73 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 74 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 75 withdraw withdraw VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 76 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 77 regroup regroup VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 78 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 79 successive successive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 80 charges charge NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 496 81 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 2 52 52 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 4 Most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 5 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 6 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 8 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 9 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 10 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 11 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 13 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 15 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 16 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 497 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 2 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 5 Teutoburg Teutoburg NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 6 Forest Forest NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 7 contains contain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 8 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 9 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 11 numerical numerical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 12 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 14 surprise surprise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 16 quick quick JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 17 charges charge NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 19 close close VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 20 rapidly rapidly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 23 favorable favorable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 24 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 26 environmental environmental JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 27 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 29 thick thick JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 30 forest forest NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 32 pounding pound VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 33 rainstorms rainstorm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 35 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 36 hindered hinder VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 37 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 38 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 40 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 42 warriors warrior NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 43 enough enough JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 44 cover cover NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 45 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 46 conceal conceal VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 47 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 48 movements movement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 49 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 50 mount mount VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 51 successive successive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 52 attacks attack NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 53 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 55 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 56 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 498 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 1 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 2 factor factor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 5 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 6 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 7 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 10 treacherous treacherous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 11 defection defection NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 13 Arminius Arminius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 15 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 16 contingent contingent NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 499 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 2 53 53 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 4 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 6 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 7 weaknesses[edit weaknesses[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 9 Weaknesses Weaknesses NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 11 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 13 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 500 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 1 Against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 3 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 4 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 7 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 8 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 11 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 13 Iberians Iberians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 15 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 16 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 17 faced face VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 19 daunting daunting JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 20 task task NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 501 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 2 barbarians barbarian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 3 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 4 rudimentary rudimentary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 5 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 7 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 8 fared fare VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 9 poorly poorly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 10 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 12 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 14 oiled oil VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 15 machinery machinery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 16 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 19 Legion Legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 502 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 2 fierceness fierceness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 5 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 7 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 8 charges charge NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 10 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 11 commented comment VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 12 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 14 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 15 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 19 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 20 circumstances circumstance NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 22 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 23 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 24 overwhelm overwhelm VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 25 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 26 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 503 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 6 depth depth NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 8 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 9 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 10 adjustments adjustment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 13 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 17 continual continual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 18 application application NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 20 forwarding forward VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 21 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 22 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 23 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 25 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 26 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 28 hazardous hazardous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 29 proposition proposition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 30 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 32 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 504 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 1 Flank flank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 2 attacks attack NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 4 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 5 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 7 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 9 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 11 flexible flexible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 12 enough enough RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 14 pivot pivot VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 16 meet meet VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 17 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 19 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 20 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 21 sub sub JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 22 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 23 unit unit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 24 manoeuvre manoeuvre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 26 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 28 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 30 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 31 farther farther RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 32 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 505 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 2 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 3 screen screen NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 6 flanks flank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 8 added add VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 9 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 10 layer layer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 12 security security NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 15 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 16 nightly nightly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 17 regrouping regroup VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 18 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 19 fortified fortified JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 20 camps camp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 506 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 2 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 4 Germans Germans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 6 fought fight VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 8 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 10 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 11 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 14 weaker weak JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 15 shields shield NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 17 putting put VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 18 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 19 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 21 disadvantage disadvantage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 22 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 24 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 507 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 2 items item NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 4 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 5 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 7 studded studded JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 8 sandals sandal NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 11 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 12 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 15 metal metal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 16 helmets helmet NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 17 added add VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 19 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 20 advantages advantage NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 508 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 1 Generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 2 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 5 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 7 Germans Germans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 8 needed need VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 10 get get VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 11 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 12 good good JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 13 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 14 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 15 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 17 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 20 overwhelm overwhelm VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 21 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 24 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 25 phases phase NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 28 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 509 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 1 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 2 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 3 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 5 piece piece NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 6 slogging slogging NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 7 match match NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 8 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 10 lightly lightly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 11 armed armed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 12 tribesmen tribesman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 15 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 17 organized organize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 18 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 19 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 20 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 21 spelt spelt NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 22 doom doom NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 23 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 25 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 26 fighters fighter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 510 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 2 52 52 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 4 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 5 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 6 slaughter slaughter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 9 Helvetii Helvetii NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 10 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 12 Saône Saône NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 13 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 15 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 16 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 17 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 19 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 20 disadvantage disadvantage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 21 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 23 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 25 organized organize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 26 Romans,[54 Romans,[54 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 29 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 31 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 33 Germanicus Germanicus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 34 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 36 Weser Weser NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 37 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 39 Agricola Agricola NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 40 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 42 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 43 tribesmen tribesman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 45 Caledonia Caledonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 47 Scotland Scotland NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 49 circa circa NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 50 84 84 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 51 A.D.[55 a.d.[55 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 52 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 53 Weaknesses Weaknesses NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 54 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 55 logistics logistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 511 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 2 logistics logistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 4 provided provide VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 6 trump trump NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 7 card card NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 8 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 9 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 10 foes foe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 12 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 13 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 14 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 15 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 16 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 17 previous previous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 18 foes foe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 512 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 1 Tacitus tacitus VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 3 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 4 Annals Annals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 5 reports report VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 8 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 9 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 10 Germanicus Germanicus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 11 recognized recognize VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 12 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 13 continued continue VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 14 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 16 Gaul Gaul NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 17 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 18 require require VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 19 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 20 trains train NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 22 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 24 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 26 come come VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 27 overland overland NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 29 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 30 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 31 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 32 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 33 subject subject JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 35 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 36 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 37 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 38 traversed traverse VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 40 forests forest NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 42 swamps swamp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 513 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 3 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 5 opened open VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 6 sea sea NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 8 river river NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 9 routes route NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 11 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 12 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 13 quantities quantity NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 15 supplies supply NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 17 reinforcements reinforcement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 18 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 19 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 22 zone zone NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 24 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 26 bypassing bypass VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 28 dangerous dangerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 29 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 30 routes route NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 514 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 2 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 6 fortified fortify VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 7 camps camp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 8 provided provide VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 9 secure secure JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 10 staging staging NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 11 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 13 offensive offensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 15 defensive defensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 17 logistical logistical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 18 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 20 once once IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 22 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 23 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 24 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 515 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 1 Assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 2 roads road NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 4 causeways causeway NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 6 constructed construct VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 9 marshy marshy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 10 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 12 facilitate facilitate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 13 manoeuvre manoeuvre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 15 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 16 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 17 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 18 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 19 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 516 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 517 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 517 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 517 3 techniques technique NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 517 4 repeatedly repeatedly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 517 5 defeated defeat VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 517 6 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 517 7 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 517 8 adversaries adversary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 517 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 2 56 56 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 4 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 5 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 6 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 8 fighters fighter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 9 influenced influence VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 12 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 13 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 14 adapted adapt VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 15 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 17 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 18 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 19 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 20 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 21 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 23 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 24 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 27 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 518 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 2 German german JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 3 scholar scholar NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 4 Hans Hans NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 5 Delbruck Delbruck NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 6 notes note VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 8 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 10 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 13 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 15 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 17 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 19 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 21 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 24 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 25 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 27 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 29 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 30 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 32 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 33 organization organization NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 34 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 36 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 37 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 38 permitted permit VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 39 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 40 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 41 masses masse NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 43 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 44 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 45 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 46 concentrated concentrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 47 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 48 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 49 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 50 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 52 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 53 move move VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 54 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 55 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 56 orderly orderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 57 fashion fashion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 59 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 60 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 61 fed feed VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 63 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 64 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 65 kept keep VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 66 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 519 67 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 520 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 520 2 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 520 3 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 520 4 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 520 5 none none NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 520 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 520 7 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 520 8 things thing NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 520 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 3 57 57 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 5 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 7 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 8 chariots[edit chariots[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 10 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 11 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 13 demonstrated demonstrate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 15 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 16 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 18 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 19 prowess prowess NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 21 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 22 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 521 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 1 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 2 chariot chariot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 3 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 6 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 8 showed show VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 10 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 11 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 13 integration integration NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 15 coordination coordination NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 17 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 20 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 21 horse horse NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 23 chariot chariot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 24 assaults assault NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 25 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 26 threatened threaten VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 27 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 28 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 31 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 32 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 33 annihilation annihilation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 522 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 3 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 5 Sentinum Sentinum NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 7 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 9 c. c. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 10 295 295 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 11 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 16 Campanian campanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 17 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 18 encountered encounter VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 19 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 20 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 22 chariots chariot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 24 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 25 routed route VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 27 confusion confusion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 28 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 29 driven drive VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 30 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 31 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 33 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 34 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 35 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 37 unexpected unexpected JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 38 appearance appearance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 41 fast fast RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 42 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 43 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 44 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 45 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 523 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 2 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 6 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 7 restored restore VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 9 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 11 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 15 counterattack counterattack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 16 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 17 defeated defeat VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 19 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 20 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 22 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 23 allies ally NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 524 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 2 58 58 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 5 accounts account NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 7 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 8 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 9 up up IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 12 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 14 Telamon Telamon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 16 c. c. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 17 225 225 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 18 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 19 mention mention VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 20 chariot chariot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 21 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 24 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 25 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 26 ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 27 unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 525 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 2 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 3 met meet VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 4 comprehensive comprehensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 5 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 8 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 9 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 10 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 11 Papus Papus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 13 Regulus Regulus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 526 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 1 Chariot chariot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 2 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 4 attacked attack VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 6 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 8 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 10 disembarking disembark VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 12 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 13 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 14 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 15 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 16 invasion invasion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 18 Britain Britain NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 20 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 22 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 23 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 24 drove drive VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 25 off off IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 27 fast fast RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 29 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 30 assailants assailant NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 31 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 32 covering cover VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 33 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 35 slings sling NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 37 arrows arrow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 39 engines engine NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 41 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 43 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 44 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 45 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 47 reinforcing reinforce VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 48 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 49 shore shore NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 50 party party NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 52 infantry infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 53 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 54 charge charge VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 56 drive drive VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 57 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 59 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 527 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 3 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 4 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 5 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 6 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 9 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 10 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 11 Celtics Celtics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 12 apparently apparently RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 13 deployed deploy VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 14 chariots chariot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 17 driver driver NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 19 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 20 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 21 fighter fighter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 22 armed arm VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 24 javelins javelin NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 528 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 3 clash clash NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 6 chariots chariot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 7 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 8 drop drop VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 9 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 11 warriors warrior NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 13 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 15 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 17 retire retire VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 19 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 20 distance distance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 21 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 23 massed mass VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 25 reserve reserve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 529 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 1 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 3 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 5 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 6 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 7 retrieve retrieve VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 9 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 10 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 11 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 13 engagement engagement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 15 going go VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 16 badly badly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 19 apparently apparently RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 21 pick pick VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 22 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 23 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 25 deploy deploy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 26 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 530 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 1 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 3 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 5 discomfited discomfit VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 7 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 8 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 9 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 12 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 13 met meet VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 14 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 16 withdrawing withdraw VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 17 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 18 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 19 fortified fortify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 20 redoubt redoubt NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 531 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 532 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 532 2 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 532 3 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 532 4 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 532 5 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 532 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 532 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 532 8 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 532 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 532 10 routed route VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 532 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 2 59 59 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 4 Superb Superb NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 7 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 8 fighters fighter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 11 chariots chariot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 12 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 13 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 14 declining decline VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 16 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 17 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 18 weapon weapon NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 20 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 23 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 24 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 25 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 27 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 29 mounted mount VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 30 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 533 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 2 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 4 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 6 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 8 Mons Mons NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 9 Grapius Grapius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 11 Caledonia Caledonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 13 circa circa NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 14 84AD 84ad CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 17 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 18 chariots chariot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 19 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 20 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 21 appearance appearance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 534 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 3 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 5 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 6 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 7 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 10 offensive offensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 11 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 12 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 13 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 16 pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 17 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 18 battle battle JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 19 show show NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 21 riding ride VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 22 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 24 forth forth RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 26 hurling hurl VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 27 insults insult NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 535 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 536 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 536 2 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 536 3 encounter encounter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 536 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 536 5 decided decide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 536 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 536 7 infantry infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 536 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 536 9 mounted mount VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 536 10 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 536 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 2 55 55 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 4 Superior Superior NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 5 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 6 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 8 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 10 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 13 Sambre Sambre NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 14 River[edit river[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 16 Superior superior JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 17 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 18 mobility mobility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 20 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 21 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 22 troubled trouble VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 23 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 24 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 26 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 27 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 29 decades decade NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 30 - - : en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 31 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 32 mobile mobile NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 33 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 34 guerrilla guerrilla NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 35 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 38 decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 39 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 40 engagement engagement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 537 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 2 near near JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 4 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 6 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 8 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 9 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 10 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 11 confirms confirm VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 13 latter latter JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 14 pattern pattern NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 15 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 16 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 17 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 19 strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 21 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 22 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 23 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 25 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 538 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 3 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 6 Sabis Sabis NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 7 river river NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 10 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 11 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 12 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 13 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 15 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 18 Nervii Nervii NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 20 Atrebates Atrebates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 22 Veromandui Veromandui NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 24 Aduatuci Aduatuci NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 25 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 26 massed mass VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 27 secretly secretly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 30 surrounding surround VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 31 forests forest NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 32 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 34 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 35 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 36 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 37 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 38 busy busy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 39 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 40 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 41 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 43 opposite opposite JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 44 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 47 river river NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 539 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 2 distance distance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 3 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 4 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 5 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 6 slogged slog VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 7 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 8 slow slow RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 10 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 11 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 14 baggage baggage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 15 train train NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 540 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 1 Engaged engage VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 3 foraging forage VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 5 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 6 construction construction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 8 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 9 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 11 somewhat somewhat RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 12 scattered scatter VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 541 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 2 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 3 building building NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 4 commenced commence VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 7 barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 8 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 9 launched launch VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 11 ferocious ferocious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 12 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 14 streaming stream VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 15 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 17 shallow shallow JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 18 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 20 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 21 assaulting assault VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 23 distracted distracted JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 24 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 542 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 543 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 543 2 incident incident NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 543 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 543 4 discussed discuss VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 543 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 543 6 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 543 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 543 8 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 543 9 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 543 10 Commentaries Commentaries NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 543 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 2 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 4 So so RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 5 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 7 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 8 looked look VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 9 promising promise VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 12 warrior warrior NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 13 host host NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 544 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 2 45 45 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 5 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 6 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 7 above above RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 11 favour favour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 16 numerical numerical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 17 superiority superiority NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 20 b b LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 23 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 25 surprise surprise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 28 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 31 quick quick JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 32 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 33 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 34 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 38 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 40 favourable favourable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 41 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 42 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 43 masked mask VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 44 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 45 movements movement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 46 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 48 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 49 minute minute NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 545 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 1 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 2 progress progress NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 4 spectacular spectacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 7 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 8 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 9 dispositions disposition NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 11 driven drive VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 12 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 546 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 547 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 547 2 rout rout NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 547 3 looked look VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 547 4 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 547 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 1 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 2 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 3 rallied rally VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 4 sections section NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 6 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 7 endangered endanger VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 8 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 10 impressing impress VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 11 resolve resolve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 12 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 14 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 548 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 1 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 2 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 3 customary customary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 4 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 6 cohesion cohesion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 9 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 10 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 11 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 13 drive drive VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 14 back back RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 16 barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 17 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 549 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 2 charge charge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 3 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 5 Nervi Nervi NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 6 tribe tribe NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 7 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 9 gap gap NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 10 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 12 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 13 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 14 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 15 turned turn VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 17 tide tide NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 18 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 22 onrushing onrushe VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 23 warriors warrior NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 24 seized seize VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 26 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 27 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 29 tried try VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 31 outflank outflank VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 33 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 34 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 35 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 36 engaged engage VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 37 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 39 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 42 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 43 host host NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 550 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 2 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 3 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 6 clash clash NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 7 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 8 passed pass VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 9 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 12 slogging slogging NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 13 match match NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 14 ensued ensued NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 551 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 2 arrival arrival NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 5 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 6 rear rear JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 7 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 8 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 9 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 10 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 11 guarding guard VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 13 baggage baggage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 14 reinforced reinforce VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 16 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 17 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 552 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 1 Led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 2 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 4 10th 10th JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 5 Legion Legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 8 counterattack counterattack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 10 mounted mount VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 12 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 13 reinforcements reinforcement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 14 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 15 broke break VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 17 back back NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 20 barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 21 effort effort NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 23 sent send VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 25 tribesmen tribesman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 26 reeling reel VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 28 retreat retreat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 553 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 4 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 6 run run NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 7 thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 9 illustrating illustrate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 10 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 12 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 13 prowess prowess NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 16 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 17 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 20 steady steady JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 22 disciplined discipline VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 23 cohesion cohesion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 26 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 554 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 1 Ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 4 latter latter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 7 prove prove VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 8 decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 10 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 11 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 12 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 13 fought fight VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 14 conquest conquest NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 16 Gaul Gaul NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 555 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 1 Persisting persist VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 2 logistics logistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 3 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 5 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 6 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 8 Gergovia[edit gergovia[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 10 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 11 noted note VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 12 above above IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 15 fierce fierce JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 16 charge charge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 19 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 22 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 23 prowess prowess NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 25 frequently frequently RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 26 acknowledged acknowledge VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 27 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 28 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 29 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 30 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 31 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 556 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 2 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 5 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 7 Gergovia Gergovia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 8 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 9 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 10 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 12 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 14 capable capable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 17 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 19 strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 20 insight insight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 22 operation operation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 23 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 24 merely merely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 25 mustering muster VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 26 warriors warrior NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 28 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 29 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 30 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 31 clash clash NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 557 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 1 Under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 2 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 3 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 4 leader leader NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 5 Vercingetorix Vercingetorix NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 8 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 9 pursued pursue VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 10 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 11 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 12 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 13 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 14 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 15 termed term VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 18 persisting persisting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 22 logistics logistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 23 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 25 - - , en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 27 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 28 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 29 relying rely VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 30 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 31 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 32 direct direct JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 33 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 34 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 35 clashes clash NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 37 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 38 avoidance avoidance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 40 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 41 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 44 scorched scorched JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 45 earth earth NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 46 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 47 denial denial NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 49 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 53 isolation isolation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 54 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 55 piecemeal piecemeal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 56 destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 57 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 58 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 59 detachments detachment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 60 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 61 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 62 unit unit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 63 groupings grouping NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 558 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 2 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 4 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 5 implemented implement VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 6 consistently consistently RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 8 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 9 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 10 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 11 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 12 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 13 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 15 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 559 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 3 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 4 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 6 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 8 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 11 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 13 Bourges Bourges NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 16 lurking lurk VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 17 warbands warband NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 19 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 20 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 25 watch watch NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 27 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 28 foraging forage VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 30 grain grain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 32 gatherer gatherer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 33 parties party NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 35 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 36 necessarily necessarily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 37 scattered scatter VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 38 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 39 afield afield RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 40 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 41 attacked attack VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 42 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 44 inflicted inflict VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 45 serious serious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 46 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 560 47 ... ... . en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 2 imposed impose VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 3 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 4 scarcity scarcity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 5 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 7 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 10 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 11 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 12 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 14 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 15 grain grain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 17 staved stave VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 18 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 19 starvation starvation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 20 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 21 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 22 driving drive VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 23 cattle cattle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 24 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 25 remote remote JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 26 villages village NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 561 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 3 64 64 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 5 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 6 countered counter VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 9 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 11 enticing entice VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 13 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 14 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 15 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 16 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 17 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 18 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 22 blockading blockade VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 23 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 24 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 25 submission submission NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 562 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 3 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 5 Gergovia Gergovia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 7 resource resource NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 8 denial denial NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 10 combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 13 concentration concentration NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 15 superior superior JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 16 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 18 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 19 threats threat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 20 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 21 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 22 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 23 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 24 direction direction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 563 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 2 caused cause VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 4 opposing opposing JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 6 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 8 divide divide VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 10 ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 11 fail fail VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 564 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 1 Gergovia Gergovia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 3 situated situate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 6 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 7 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 10 tall tall JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 11 hill hill NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 14 Vercingetorix Vercingetorix NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 15 carefully carefully RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 16 drew draw VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 17 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 19 bulk bulk NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 21 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 22 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 25 slope slope NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 27 positioning position VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 28 allied allied JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 29 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 31 designated designate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 32 places place NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 565 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 2 drilled drill VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 3 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 4 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 6 skirmished skirmish VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 7 daily daily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 10 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 12 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 13 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 14 overrun overrun NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 16 hilltop hilltop NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 17 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 19 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 20 created create VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 22 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 23 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 24 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 25 distance distance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 26 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 27 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 28 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 29 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 30 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 31 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 566 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 2 rallying rallying NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 4 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 5 10,000 10,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 6 disenchanted disenchant VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 7 Aeudan Aeudan NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 8 tribesmen tribesman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 10 engineered engineer VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 12 Vercingetorix Vercingetorix NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 13 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 14 agents agent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 16 created create VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 18 threat threat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 20 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 21 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 22 rear rear NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 24 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 26 threat threat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 29 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 30 convoy convoy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 31 promised promise VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 34 allied ally VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 35 Aeudans Aeudans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 38 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 39 diverted divert VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 40 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 41 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 42 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 43 meet meet VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 44 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 45 danger danger NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 567 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 2 65 65 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 6 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 8 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 9 Vercingetorix Vercingetorix NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 10 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 11 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 13 chance chance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 15 concentrate concentrate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 17 superior superior JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 18 strength strength NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 19 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 21 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 22 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 24 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 25 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 26 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 27 behind behind RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 28 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 29 Gergovia Gergovia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 32 desperate desperate JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 33 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 34 ensued ensue VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 568 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 1 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 2 dealt deal VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 3 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 5 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 6 threat threat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 8 turned turn VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 9 around around RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 12 ruthlessly ruthlessly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 13 forced force VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 14 marching marching NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 15 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 16 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 17 consolidated consolidate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 18 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 19 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 20 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 22 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 569 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 2 feint feint NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 3 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 4 bogus bogus JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 5 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 8 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 9 drew draw VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 10 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 11 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 14 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 15 assault assault NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 19 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 20 advanced advance VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 22 capture capture VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 23 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 24 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 25 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 26 outposts outpost NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 27 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 29 slope slope NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 32 proceeded proceed VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 33 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 35 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 38 stronghold stronghold NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 570 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 2 diverted divert VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 3 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 4 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 5 returned return VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 6 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 9 frantic frantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 10 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 11 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 13 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 14 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 17 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 18 lost lose VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 19 700 700 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 20 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 22 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 23 46 46 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 24 centurions centurion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 571 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 1 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 2 commenced commence VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 4 retreat retreat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 7 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 10 victorious victorious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 11 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 12 warriors warrior NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 14 pursuit pursuit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 572 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 3 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 5 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 7 mobilized mobilize VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 8 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 9 10th 10th JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 10 Legion Legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 13 blocking block VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 14 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 16 cover cover VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 17 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 18 withdrawal withdrawal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 20 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 21 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 22 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 25 tribesmen tribesman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 26 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 27 withdrew withdraw VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 28 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 30 Gergovia Gergovia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 32 taking take VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 33 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 34 captured capture VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 35 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 36 standards standard NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 573 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 2 vicious vicious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 3 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 4 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 5 Gergovia Gergovia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 8 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 9 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 10 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 11 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 12 suffered suffer VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 14 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 15 reverse reverse NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 17 demonstrating demonstrate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 19 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 20 martial martial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 21 valor valor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 22 noted note VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 23 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 25 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 26 chroniclers chronicler NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 574 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 2 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 3 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 5 referenced reference VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 8 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 9 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 10 Plutarch Plutarch NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 12 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 13 writes write VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 16 Averni Averni NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 17 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 18 showing show VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 19 visitors visitor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 21 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 23 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 25 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 26 temples temple NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 29 weapon weapon NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 30 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 31 reputedly reputedly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 32 belonged belong VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 34 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 35 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 575 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 3 Plutarch Plutarch NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 6 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 7 general general NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 9 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 11 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 14 temple temple NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 15 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 16 Gergovia Gergovia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 17 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 18 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 19 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 21 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 24 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 25 refused refuse VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 27 reclaim reclaim VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 28 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 30 saying say VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 31 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 32 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 33 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 34 consecrated consecrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 37 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 38 leave leave VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 39 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 40 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 41 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 42 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 576 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 2 66 66 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 5 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 7 unable unable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 9 sustain sustain VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 11 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 13 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 16 Vercingetorix Vercingetorix NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 19 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 20 trapped trap VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 22 Alesia Alesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 24 facing face VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 25 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 26 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 27 sections section NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 28 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 29 detachments detachment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 32 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 33 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 34 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 35 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 36 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 37 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 38 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 40 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 41 70,000 70,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 42 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 43 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 44 50,000 50,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 45 legionnaires legionnaire NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 46 plus plus CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 47 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 48 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 49 auxiliary auxiliary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 50 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 52 infantry infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 53 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 577 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 2 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 3 concentration concentration NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 5 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 7 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 9 besiege besiege VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 11 fortress fortress NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 13 detail detail NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 15 repulse repulse JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 16 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 17 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 18 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 21 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 22 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 24 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 25 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 26 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 28 month month NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 578 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 2 66 66 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 4 Vercingetorix Vercingetorix NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 5 overall overall JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 6 persisting persisting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 7 logistics logistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 8 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 10 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 12 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 14 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 15 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 17 strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 18 thinking thinking NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 579 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 2 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 3 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 4 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 6 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 8 notes note VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 11 His -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 12 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 13 Vercingetorix Vercingetorix NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 14 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 16 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 18 considerably considerably RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 19 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 20 sophisticated sophisticated JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 21 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 22 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 23 employed employ VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 25 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 26 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 27 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 28 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 29 .. .. . en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 30 "[67 "[67 NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 31 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 32 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 33 Alesia Alesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 34 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 35 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 36 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 37 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 38 overly overly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 39 static static JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 580 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 2 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 3 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 4 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 7 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 8 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 9 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 11 inadequately inadequately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 12 provisioned provision VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 14 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 15 extended extended JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 16 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 19 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 20 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 21 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 22 bring bring VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 23 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 24 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 25 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 26 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 28 bear bear VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 29 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 31 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 32 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 33 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 34 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 35 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 36 dissipated dissipate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 39 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 40 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 41 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 43 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 44 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 45 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 46 effectively effectively RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 47 interdicted interdict VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 581 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 2 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 4 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 5 Gergovia Gergovia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 7 contrast contrast NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 9 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 10 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 11 strength strength NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 13 divided divide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 16 appearance appearance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 18 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 19 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 20 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 22 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 23 rear rear NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 26 Aeudans)- Aeudans)- NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 27 threatening threaten VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 28 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 29 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 31 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 33 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 582 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 1 Together together RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 2 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 4 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 5 defensive defensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 6 anvil anvil NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 10 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 12 supported support VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 14 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 15 offensive offensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 16 hammer hammer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 19 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 20 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 21 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 25 coupled couple VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 27 previous previous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 28 resource resource NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 29 denial denial NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 30 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 31 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 32 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 35 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 36 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 37 forced force VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 38 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 39 retreat retreat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 43 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 44 secured secure VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 45 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 46 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 583 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 2 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 3 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 4 notes note VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 5 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 7 persisting persisting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 8 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 11 But but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 12 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 14 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 15 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 16 Alesia Alesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 18 Vercingetorix Vercingetorix NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 20 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 21 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 22 driven drive VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 23 Cesar Cesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 24 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 25 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 26 Gaul Gaul NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 584 27 .. .. . en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 2 finding find VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 4 overwhelming overwhelming JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 6 foragers forager NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 8 Fabius Fabius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 9 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 10 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 12 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 13 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 14 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 17 Gauls Gauls NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 18 concentrated concentrate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 19 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 20 weakness weakness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 22 win win VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 23 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 24 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 25 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 585 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 2 strength strength NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 4 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 5 helped help VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 6 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 7 concentrate concentrate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 8 rapidly rapidly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 10 facilitating facilitate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 12 application application NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 15 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 16 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 19 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 21 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 22 attacking attack VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 23 foragers forager NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 25 grain grain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 26 gatherers gatherer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 27 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 28 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 29 intrinsic intrinsic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 32 logistic logistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 33 aspect aspect NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 35 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 36 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 586 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 3 69 69 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 6 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 7 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 8 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 10 guerilla guerilla NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 11 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 13 Hispania[edit hispania[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 15 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 16 Iberian iberian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 17 zone zone NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 19 struggle struggle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 587 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 2 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 4 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 6 Iberian iberian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 7 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 9 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 10 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 11 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 12 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 14 descended descend VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 17 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 19 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 21 race race NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 23 put put VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 24 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 25 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 26 obstinate obstinate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 27 fight fight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 28 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 29 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 30 hegemony hegemony NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 588 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 1 Based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 3 Hispania Hispania NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 5 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 7 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 8 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 10 Portugal Portugal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 13 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 14 fought fight VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 15 continuously continuously RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 18 varying vary VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 19 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 21 intensity intensity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 23 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 24 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 25 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 26 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 28 beginning begin VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 29 around around RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 30 218 218 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 31 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 589 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 2 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 3 hegemons hegemon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 5 Hispania Hispania NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 8 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 9 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 10 struggled struggle VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 11 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 12 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 13 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 15 carve carve VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 16 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 17 colonies colony NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 20 commercial commercial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 21 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 23 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 25 coastal coastal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 26 enclaves enclave NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 590 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 591 1 Carthaginian carthaginian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 591 2 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 591 3 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 591 4 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 591 5 brought bring VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 591 6 struggle struggle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 591 7 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 591 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 591 9 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 591 10 imperium imperium NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 591 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 1 Tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 2 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 3 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 5 Celtiberi Celtiberi NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 6 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 7 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 9 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 10 resistance resistance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 13 struggle struggle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 14 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 15 continued continue VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 17 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 18 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 19 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 22 Lusitani Lusitani NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 24 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 25 Viriathus Viriathus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 592 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 2 Lusitanian Lusitanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 3 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 6 Numantine Numantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 7 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 9 but but IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 11 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 12 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 15 prolonged prolonged JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 16 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 18 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 19 cut cut VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 20 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 21 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 22 decades decade NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 24 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 25 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 593 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 594 1 Full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 594 2 conquest conquest NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 594 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 594 4 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 594 5 achieved achieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 594 6 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 594 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 594 8 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 594 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 594 10 Augustus Augustus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 594 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 2 vicious vicious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 3 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 5 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 6 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 7 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 8 Hispania Hispania NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 10 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 12 dread dread NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 15 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 16 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 595 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 1 Historian Historian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 2 Sir Sir NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 3 Edward Edward NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 4 Creasy Creasy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 7 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 10 Fifteen Fifteen NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 11 Decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 12 Battles Battles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 15 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 17 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 18 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 20 say say VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 21 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 23 Iberian iberian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 24 conflicts conflict NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 596 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 2 70 70 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 6 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 7 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 9 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 11 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 14 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 16 nations nation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 17 subdued subdue VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 20 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 22 defended defend VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 23 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 24 liberty liberty NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 25 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 27 greatest great JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 28 obstinacy obstinacy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 29 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 31 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 33 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 34 provinces province NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 35 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 36 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 37 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 38 beaten beat VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 40 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 41 nothing nothing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 42 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 43 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 44 dreaded dread VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 45 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 47 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 48 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 49 home home NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 50 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 51 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 52 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 53 sent send VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 54 there there RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 55 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 56 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 57 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 597 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 1 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 2 deployed deploy VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 3 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 4 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 5 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 8 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 9 emphasis emphasis NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 11 blended blended JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 12 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 14 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 15 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 17 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 19 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 20 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 21 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 22 confronting confront VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 24 guerrilla guerrilla NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 26 mobile mobile NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 27 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 28 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 31 Iberians Iberians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 598 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 2 fortified fortify VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 3 camps camp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 6 valuable valuable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 8 protecting protect VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 10 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 12 providing provide VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 13 bases basis NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 15 operation operation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 599 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 2 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 3 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 5 mixed mix VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 8 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 9 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 12 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 13 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 14 comparatively comparatively RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 15 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 16 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 17 besieging besiege VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 18 Iberian iberian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 19 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 21 systematically systematically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 22 eliminating eliminate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 23 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 24 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 26 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 27 bases basis NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 29 centres centre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 31 resistance resistance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 600 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 1 Destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 3 Iberian iberian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 4 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 6 burning burn VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 7 grain grain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 8 fields field NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 10 demolishing demolishing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 11 villages village NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 13 put put VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 15 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 16 resistance resistance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 17 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 18 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 19 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 601 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 2 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 4 Scipio Scipio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 5 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 7 Numantine Numantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 8 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 9 illustrate illustrate VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 10 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 11 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 13 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 15 crackdown crackdown NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 17 lax lax JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 18 practices practice NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 20 tightening tightening NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 22 legionary legionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 23 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 602 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 2 71 71 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 4 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 6 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 7 touched touch VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 10 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 11 sphere sphere NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 12 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 16 pacification pacification NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 18 treaties treaty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 20 Gracchus Gracchus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 23 treachery treachery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 25 trickery trickery NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 30 massacres massacre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 32 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 33 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 34 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 35 Lucullus Lucullus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 37 Galba Galba NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 38 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 39 guise guise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 41 negotiation negotiation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 603 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 604 1 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 604 2 frequently frequently RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 604 3 capitalized capitalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 604 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 604 5 divisions division NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 604 6 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 604 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 604 8 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 604 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 3 divide divide NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 5 conquer conquer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 7 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 10 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 13 competing compete VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 16 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 17 insincere insincere VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 19 treaties treaty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 20 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 21 negotiated negotiate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 23 isolate isolate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 24 targeted targeted JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 25 groups group NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 28 allied ally VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 29 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 30 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 31 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 33 subdue subdue VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 34 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 605 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 606 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 606 2 72 72 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 606 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 606 4 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 606 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 606 6 Iberian iberian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 606 7 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 606 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 1 Fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 2 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 3 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 4 independence independence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 6 survival survival NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 9 Iberian iberian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 10 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 11 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 12 fortified fortify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 13 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 15 strongpoints strongpoint NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 17 defend defend VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 18 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 20 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 22 mixed mix VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 23 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 24 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 25 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 26 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 28 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 29 ranging range VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 30 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 31 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 32 guerrilla guerrilla NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 33 bands band NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 35 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 36 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 37 numbering number VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 38 thousands thousand NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 40 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 607 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 2 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 3 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 4 Iberian iberian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 5 horsemen horseman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 8 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 10 appear appear VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 13 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 14 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 16 match match NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 18 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 20 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 23 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 24 proved prove VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 26 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 27 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 28 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 30 key key JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 31 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 32 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 33 allied ally VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 34 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 35 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 37 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 38 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 39 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 608 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 1 Favourable favourable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 2 mobility mobility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 4 knowledge knowledge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 7 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 8 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 11 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 13 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 14 immensely immensely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 609 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 1 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 4 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 5 successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 6 ambushes ambush NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 8 pulled pull VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 9 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 12 chieftain chieftain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 13 named name VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 14 Carus Carus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 16 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 17 liquidated liquidate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 18 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 19 6,000 6,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 20 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 23 combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 24 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 26 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 27 strike strike NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 610 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 1 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 3 executed execute VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 4 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 5 Caesarus Caesarus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 7 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 8 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 9 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 12 disorderly disorderly JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 13 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 14 pursuit pursuit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 15 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 16 Mummius Mummius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 19 lay lay VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 21 trap trap NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 22 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 23 resulted result VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 25 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 26 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 28 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 29 9,000 9,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 30 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 611 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 2 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 3 Iberian iberian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 5 turn turn VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 7 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 9 gambit gambit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 11 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 12 recorded record VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 14 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 15 successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 16 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 17 Galba Galba NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 612 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 613 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 613 2 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 613 3 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 613 4 triumphed triumph VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 613 5 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 613 6 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 613 7 grinding grind VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 613 8 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 613 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 613 10 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 613 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 3 Appian Appian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 5 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 7 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 10 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 11 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 15 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 16 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 17 discussion discussion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 19 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 20 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 22 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 24 engagements engagement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 614 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 2 71 71 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 4 Victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 5 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 6 attrition[edit attrition[edit DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 8 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 9 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 10 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 11 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 13 wide wide JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 14 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 16 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 18 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 20 ruthless ruthless JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 21 persistence persistence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 23 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 24 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 26 stronger strong JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 27 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 28 wore wear VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 29 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 30 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 31 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 32 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 33 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 615 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 2 73 73 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 4 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 5 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 6 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 7 manpower manpower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 8 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 11 foundation foundation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 13 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 14 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 616 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 1 Opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 2 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 3 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 4 relentlessly relentlessly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 5 weakened weaken VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 7 exhausted exhaust VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 8 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 10 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 11 run run NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 617 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 2 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 5 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 7 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 9 thrown throw VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 10 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 12 problem problem NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 13 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 14 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 15 yielded yield VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 16 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 17 150 150 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 18 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 19 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 20 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 22 slow slow JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 24 harsh harsh JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 25 grind grind NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 27 endless endless JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 28 marching marching NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 30 constant constant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 31 sieges siege NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 33 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 35 broken broken JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 36 treaties treaty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 38 burning burn VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 39 villages village NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 41 enslaved enslave VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 42 captives captive NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 618 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 1 As as RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 2 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 3 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 6 Senate Senate NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 8 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 9 successors successor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 11 willing willing JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 13 replace replace VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 15 expend expend VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 16 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 17 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 19 material material JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 20 decade decade NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 21 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 22 decade decade NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 24 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 25 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 26 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 27 bought buy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 28 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 30 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 32 exhaustion exhaustion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 619 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 2 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 5 systematic systematic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 6 wastage wastage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 8 destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 10 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 11 economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 13 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 14 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 16 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 17 vastatio vastatio NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 20 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 620 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 1 Crops crop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 3 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 5 destroyed destroy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 7 carried carry VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 8 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 11 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 12 populaces populace NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 14 massacred massacre VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 16 enslaved enslave VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 621 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 1 Sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 2 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 3 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 6 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 8 conduct conduct VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 9 punitive punitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 10 raids raid NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 11 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 12 barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 13 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 15 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 16 performed perform VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 17 raids raid NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 18 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 20 border border NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 622 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 3 campaigns campaign NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 5 Germanicus Germanicus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 8 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 11 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 12 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 13 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 14 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 17 scorched scorched JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 18 earth earth NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 20 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 21 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 22 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 23 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 24 foes foe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 26 devastating devastate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 28 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 29 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 30 depended depend VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 31 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 32 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 33 supplies supply NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 623 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 3 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 5 wasted waste VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 7 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 9 sword sword NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 10 fifty fifty CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 11 miles mile NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 12 round round RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 14 nor nor CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 15 sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 16 nor nor CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 17 age age NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 18 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 19 mercy mercy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 21 places place NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 22 sacred sacred JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 24 profane profane NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 25 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 27 equal equal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 28 lot lot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 30 destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 32 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 33 razed raze VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 36 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 37 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 40 Tacitus Tacitus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 42 Annals Annals NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 624 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 4 grind grind VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 5 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 7 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 10 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 13 Bar Bar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 14 Kokba Kokba NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 15 Jewish jewish JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 16 revolt revolt NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 17 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 19 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 625 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 3 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 4 Severus Severus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 5 avoided avoid VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 6 meeting meet VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 8 hard hard RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 10 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 11 Jewish jewish JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 12 rebels rebel NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 15 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 16 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 626 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 1 Instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 3 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 4 relied rely VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 6 attacking attack VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 7 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 8 fortified fortify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 9 strongpoints strongpoint NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 11 devastating devastate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 13 zone zone NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 15 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 18 methodical methodical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 19 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 627 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 2 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 6 attritional attritional JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 8 aspect aspect NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 12 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 14 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 15 contrasts contrast NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 18 notion notion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 20 brilliant brilliant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 21 generalship generalship NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 23 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 24 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 25 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 27 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 28 depictions depiction NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 31 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 32 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 628 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 2 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 3 note note VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 4 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 6 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 7 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 8 balanced balance VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 9 brutal brutal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 10 attrition attrition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 12 shrewd shrewd JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 13 diplomacy diplomacy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 16 demonstrated demonstrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 18 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 20 harsh harsh JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 21 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 23 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 24 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 25 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 26 opposed oppose VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 27 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 29 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 30 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 31 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 32 conciliatory conciliatory JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 33 handling handling NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 35 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 36 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 37 submitted submit VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 629 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 1 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 3 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 5 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 7 incentives incentive NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 9 encourage encourage VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 10 cooperation cooperation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 13 elites elite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 15 conquered conquer VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 16 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 18 co co NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 19 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 20 opting opting JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 21 opposition opposition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 23 incorporating incorporate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 24 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 25 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 27 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 30 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 630 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 2 carrot carrot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 4 stick stick NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 5 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 6 forms form VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 8 integral integral JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 9 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 13 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 14 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 17 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 631 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 2 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 4 Resource resource NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 5 tactics[edit tactics[edit ADD en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 7 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 9 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 10 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 11 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 13 training train VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 14 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 15 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 16 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 17 requires require VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 19 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 21 things thing NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 23 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 24 prove prove VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 26 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 27 quite quite RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 28 costly costly JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 31 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 32 run run NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 632 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 2 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 3 understood understand VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 5 concept concept NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 6 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 7 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 9 realized realize VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 10 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 11 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 12 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 13 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 14 include include VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 15 paying pay VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 17 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 18 rations ration NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 19 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 20 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 23 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 24 salary salary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 26 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 27 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 29 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 30 armaments armament NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 31 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 32 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 33 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 37 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 38 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 39 honorarium honorarium NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 40 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 41 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 42 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 43 paid pay VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 44 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 45 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 46 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 47 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 48 honourable honourable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 49 discharges discharge NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 50 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 633 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 1 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 2 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 5 perspective perspective NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 7 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 8 realized realize VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 9 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 10 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 11 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 14 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 15 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 16 valuable valuable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 17 resource resource NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 19 waste waste VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 634 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 2 knew know VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 4 costs cost NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 5 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 7 incurring incur VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 9 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 10 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 11 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 13 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 14 quite quite RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 15 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 18 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 20 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 635 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 1 So so RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 2 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 3 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 5 tactic tactic NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 6 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 7 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 8 cause cause VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 10 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 11 setback setback NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 13 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 14 defeat defeat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 17 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 18 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 19 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 20 creating create VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 22 limited limited JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 23 risk risk NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 24 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 25 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 26 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 27 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 636 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 3 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 5 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 6 Resource Resource NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 7 Tactics Tactics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 9 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 10 Standing stand VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 11 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 12 run run VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 14 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 15 stomachs stomach NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 18 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 21 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 22 require require VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 23 regular regular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 24 supplies supply NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 637 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 2 Resource Resource NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 3 Tactics Tactics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 5 cut cut VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 6 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 7 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 8 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 10 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 12 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 14 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 15 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 17 Attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 18 resource resource NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 19 locations location NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 21 Once once IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 22 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 23 conquered conquer VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 24 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 27 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 28 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 29 secure secure VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 30 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 31 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 32 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 34 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 35 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 36 handle handle VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 638 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 2 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 3 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 5 restock restock VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 6 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 7 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 8 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 10 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 12 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 13 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 15 falling fall VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 16 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 18 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 19 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 20 hands hand NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 639 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 2 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 4 Intercept Intercept NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 5 supplies supply NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 6 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 8 transit transit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 10 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 11 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 12 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 13 identify identify VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 14 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 15 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 16 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 17 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 18 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 19 routes route NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 21 create create VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 23 stopping stopping NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 24 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 640 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 1 Once once IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 3 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 5 stopped stop VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 8 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 9 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 10 ransack ransack VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 12 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 15 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 16 drastically drastically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 17 reduce reduce VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 19 supplies supply NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 20 reaching reach VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 22 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 641 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 2 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 4 Conduct conduct VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 6 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 7 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 8 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 9 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 10 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 11 - - , en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 13 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 14 operation operation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 17 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 18 surround surround VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 20 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 22 cut cut VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 23 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 24 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 25 outside outside JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 26 access access NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 28 force force VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 29 surrender surrender NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 30 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 31 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 32 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 33 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 34 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 35 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 36 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 38 wall wall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 39 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 41 existing exist VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 42 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 43 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 44 help help VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 45 control control VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 47 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 642 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 2 wall wall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 3 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 5 built build VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 6 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 8 reach reach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 11 archers archer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 13 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 14 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 16 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 18 escaping escape VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 643 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 1 Once once IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 3 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 4 completed complete VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 6 wall wall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 8 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 9 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 10 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 11 catapults catapult NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 13 ballistas ballista NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 15 onagers onager NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 17 hurl hurl VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 18 rocks rock NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 20 spears spear NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 23 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 24 objects object NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 26 safe safe JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 27 distances distance NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 644 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 2 ongoing ongoing JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 3 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 5 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 6 cause cause VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 8 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 9 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 10 fort fort NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 12 run run VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 13 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 15 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 17 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 18 causing cause VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 20 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 22 die die VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 23 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 25 surrender surrender VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 645 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 2 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 5 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 6 principle principle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 7 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 8 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 9 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 12 disrupt disrupt VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 13 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 14 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 15 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 16 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 17 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 18 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 19 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 20 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 646 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 1 Without without IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 3 regular regular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 4 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 6 food food NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 8 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 11 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 12 commodities commodity NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 14 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 15 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 16 begin begin VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 18 starve starve VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 20 dehydrate dehydrate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 22 resulting result VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 24 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 25 morale morale NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 27 killing killing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 29 fellow fellow JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 30 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 647 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 2 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 4 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 5 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 6 versus versus NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 7 cavalry[edit cavalry[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 9 Tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 10 problems problem NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 12 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 13 cavalry[edit cavalry[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 15 Cavalry Cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 16 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 17 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 18 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 21 toughest tough JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 22 challenges challenge NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 23 faced face VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 26 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 27 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 648 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 1 Combining combine VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 2 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 3 missile missile NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 5 shock shock NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 6 capability capability NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 8 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 9 mobility mobility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 11 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 12 exploited exploit VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 14 inherent inherent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 15 weakness weakness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 18 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 19 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 20 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 21 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 22 slow slow JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 23 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 25 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 649 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 1 Defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 2 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 3 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 4 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 5 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 8 recurring recur VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 9 event event NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 12 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 13 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 650 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 2 campaigns campaign NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 4 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 5 illustrate illustrate VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 6 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 7 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 10 Numidian Numidian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 12 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 13 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 14 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 15 horsemen horseman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 16 repeatedly repeatedly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 17 outflanked outflank VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 18 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 19 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 21 dealing deal VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 22 devastating devastating JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 23 blows blow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 26 sides side NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 28 rear rear JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 651 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 1 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 3 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 4 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 6 Cannae Cannae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 8 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 9 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 12 greatest great JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 13 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 14 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 15 ever ever RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 18 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 19 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 20 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 21 struggle struggle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 25 key key JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 26 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 28 played play VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 30 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 31 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 35 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 36 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 37 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 652 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 1 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 2 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 3 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 4 dramatic dramatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 5 demonstration demonstration NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 8 vulnerability vulnerability NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 10 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 13 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 14 wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 15 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 16 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 17 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 18 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 653 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 2 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 4 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 5 successors successor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 6 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 7 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 8 numbers number NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 10 fast fast RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 12 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 13 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 14 riders rider NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 16 harass harass VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 18 skirmish skirmish JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 21 delivered deliver VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 23 coup coup NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 24 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 25 grâce grâce NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 27 heavily heavily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 28 armoured armour VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 29 lancers lancer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 30 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 31 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 32 cataphracts cataphract NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 654 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 1 Both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 2 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 4 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 5 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 6 powerful powerful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 7 composite composite JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 8 bows bow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 9 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 10 shot shoot VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 11 arrows arrow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 13 sufficient sufficient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 14 strength strength NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 16 penetrate penetrate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 17 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 18 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 655 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 2 cataphracts cataphract NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 3 extended extend VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 4 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 5 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 7 serving serve VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 9 shock shock NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 10 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 12 engaging engage VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 13 opposing oppose VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 14 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 17 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 18 lances lance NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 20 thundering thunder VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 21 charges charge NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 22 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 23 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 24 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 25 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 27 softened soften VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 28 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 31 swarms swarm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 33 arrows arrow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 656 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 2 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 4 conducted conduct VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 7 scorched scorched JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 8 earth earth NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 10 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 11 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 13 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 15 refusing refuse VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 16 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 17 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 19 piece piece NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 20 encounters encounter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 22 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 23 luring lure VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 24 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 25 deeper deeply RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 26 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 29 unfavorable unfavorable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 30 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 32 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 33 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 34 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 35 lack lack VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 36 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 37 supplies supply NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 39 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 40 secure secure JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 41 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 43 retreat retreat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 657 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 2 debacle debacle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 5 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 7 Carrhae Carrhae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 8 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 10 devastating devastating JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 11 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 13 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 14 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 17 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 18 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 658 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 2 79 79 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 4 Crassus Crassus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 5 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 6 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 8 systematically systematically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 9 dismembered dismember VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 12 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 13 Parthians Parthians NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 14 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 16 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 17 surprised surprise VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 18 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 19 expectations expectation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 20 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 21 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 22 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 23 run run VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 24 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 26 arrows arrow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 28 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 29 arranging arrange VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 30 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 32 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 33 train train NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 35 ammunition ammunition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 36 borne bear VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 37 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 38 thousands thousand NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 40 camels camel NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 659 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 2 casualties casualty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 4 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 5 20,000 20,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 6 killed kill VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 8 10,000 10,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 9 captured capture VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 10 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 12 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 13 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 16 costliest costly JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 17 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 19 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 20 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 660 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 661 1 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 661 2 casualties casualty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 661 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 661 4 minimal minimal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 661 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 2 80 80 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 4 Successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 5 tactics[edit tactics[edit ADD en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 7 Clues clue NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 8 exist exist VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 11 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 12 campaigns campaign NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 14 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 16 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 17 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 18 mounted mount VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 19 Asiatic asiatic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 20 warriors warrior NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 21 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 22 engaging engage VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 24 horsemen horseman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 25 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 26 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 27 detachments detachment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 29 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 30 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 32 missile missile NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 33 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 35 driving drive VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 36 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 37 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 38 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 39 charges charge NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 40 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 41 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 42 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 43 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 44 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 45 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 662 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 3 variant variant NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 6 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 7 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 8 manpower manpower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 9 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 11 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 13 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 15 combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 16 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 18 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 22 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 23 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 24 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 25 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 26 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 28 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 29 went go VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 30 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 663 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 2 Eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 3 half half NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 6 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 7 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 9 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 12 ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 14 rely rely VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 15 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 17 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 18 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 664 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 665 1 Adjustments adjustment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 665 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 665 3 Ventidius Ventidius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 665 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 2 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 6 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 7 Publius Publius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 8 Ventidius Ventidius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 9 Bassus Bassus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 10 illustrate illustrate VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 11 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 12 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 13 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 14 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 17 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 19 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 20 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 21 mounted mount VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 22 foes foe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 666 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 2 drew draw VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 4 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 5 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 6 veteran veteran NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 7 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 9 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 10 Ventidius Ventidius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 11 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 15 generals general NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 17 celebrate celebrate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 19 triumph triumph NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 20 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 22 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 667 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 2 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 3 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 4 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 6 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 8 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 9 managed manage VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 11 defeat defeat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 13 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 14 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 16 drive drive VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 17 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 18 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 21 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 22 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 24 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 25 managed manage VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 27 kill kill VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 28 Parthia Parthia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 29 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 30 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 31 top top JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 32 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 33 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 34 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 36 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 668 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 2 81 81 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 5 adjustments adjustment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 7 Ventidius Ventidius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 10 follows:[81 follows:[81 ADD en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 12 Increase increase NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 14 firepower firepower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 669 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 1 Ventidius Ventidius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 2 sought seek VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 4 neutralize neutralize VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 6 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 7 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 9 firepower firepower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 12 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 13 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 14 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 17 provided provide VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 18 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 19 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 21 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 22 slingers slinger NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 23 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 24 furious furious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 25 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 26 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 27 instrumental instrumental JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 29 checking check VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 31 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 32 horsemen horseman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 33 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 34 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 35 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 670 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 2 subsequent subsequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 3 engagements engagement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 5 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 6 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 7 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 8 increased increase VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 9 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 10 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 12 slingers slinger NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 16 latter latter JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 17 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 18 supplied supply VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 20 leaden leaden JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 21 bullets bullet NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 22 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 23 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 24 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 25 range range NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 27 killing kill VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 28 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 671 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 2 81 81 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 4 Securing secure VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 6 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 7 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 9 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 10 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 11 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 672 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 2 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 3 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 5 horsemen horseman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 7 special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 8 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 9 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 12 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 13 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 14 crossing cross VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 16 mountain mountain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 18 ravine ravine NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 20 bridge bridge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 673 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 2 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 3 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 5 sub sub NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 6 - - NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 7 sections section NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 10 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 11 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 13 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 14 redeployed redeploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 16 provide provide VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 17 covering cover VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 19 blocking block VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 20 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 21 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 23 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 24 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 25 safely safely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 26 navigated navigate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 28 route route NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 674 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 2 82 82 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 5 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 6 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 7 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 8 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 10 horsemen horseman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 12 Ventidius Ventidius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 13 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 14 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 15 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 16 secure secure VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 18 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 19 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 21 bolstering bolster VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 22 defensive defensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 23 positions position NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 25 manoeuvres manoeuvre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 27 withering wither VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 28 covering cover VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 29 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 32 slingers slinger NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 675 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 1 Seizure seizure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 3 hilly hilly JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 4 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 5 features feature VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 6 hindered hinder VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 7 sweeping sweeping JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 8 enemy enemy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 9 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 10 movements movement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 12 obstructed obstruct VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 13 avenues avenue NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 15 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 17 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 18 anchor anchor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 19 points point NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 21 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 22 manoeuvring manoeuvre VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 23 detachments detachment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 25 counterattack counterattack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 29 fall fall VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 30 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 31 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 32 unfavourable unfavourable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 33 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 34 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 676 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 1 Against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 3 horsemen horseman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 5 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 6 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 7 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 8 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 10 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 11 closely closely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 13 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 15 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 16 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 19 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 20 mutually mutually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 21 supporting support VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 24 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 25 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 26 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 27 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 28 isolated isolate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 30 destroyed destroy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 677 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 678 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 678 2 81 81 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 678 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 678 4 Quick quick JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 678 5 counterattack counterattack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 678 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 678 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 678 8 stable stable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 678 9 base base NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 678 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 1 Once once RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 2 entering enter VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 4 zone zone NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 6 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 8 Ventidius Ventidius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 9 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 10 operated operate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 13 defensive defensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 14 base base NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 16 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 17 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 18 prematurely prematurely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 19 venture venture VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 22 flat flat JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 23 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 25 allow allow VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 26 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 27 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 29 lose lose VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 30 cohesion cohesion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 31 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 32 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 33 Carrhae Carrhae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 679 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 2 let let VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 4 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 5 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 6 come come VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 8 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 9 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 10 taking take VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 12 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 13 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 16 aggressively aggressively RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 18 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 19 counterattacked counterattack VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 680 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 2 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 3 victories victory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 5 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 7 induced induce VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 9 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 11 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 12 camp camp NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 14 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 15 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 16 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 17 mauled maul VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 20 corps corps NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 22 slingers slinger NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 681 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 2 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 3 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 4 counterattacked counterattack VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 6 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 7 defensive defensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 8 anvil anvil NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 10 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 12 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 13 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 14 working work VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 15 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 17 smash smash VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 18 opposition opposition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 682 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 2 83 83 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 5 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 6 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 8 Ventidius Ventidius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 9 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 11 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 14 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 15 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 18 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 19 dispatched dispatch VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 21 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 22 vanguard vanguard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 24 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 25 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 27 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 28 concentration concentration NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 29 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 31 Syrian Syrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 32 Gates Gates NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 34 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 35 narrow narrow JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 36 pass pass NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 37 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 38 Mount Mount NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 39 Amanus Amanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 41 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 42 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 43 Cilicia Cilicia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 44 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 45 Syria Syria NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 683 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 684 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 684 2 vanguard vanguard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 684 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 684 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 684 5 decoy decoy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 684 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 684 7 lure lure VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 684 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 684 9 opposition opposition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 684 10 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 684 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 3 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 4 moved move VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 5 in in RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 8 kill kill NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 11 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 12 ambushed ambush VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 13 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 16 flank flank NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 19 detachment detachment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 21 slingers slinger NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 23 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 685 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 1 Rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 2 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 3 wait wait VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 5 reinforcements reinforcement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 8 allied ally VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 9 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 11 Labenieus Labenieus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 14 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 17 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 18 decided decide VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 20 mount mount VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 22 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 24 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 25 attach attach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 26 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 28 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 29 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 30 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 31 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 32 dawn dawn NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 686 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 1 Ventidius Ventidius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 2 held hold VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 3 back back RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 4 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 5 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 6 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 7 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 10 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 14 steep steep JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 15 slope slope NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 17 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 18 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 20 fast fast JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 21 counterattack counterattack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 23 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 24 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 25 covered cover VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 28 slingers slinger NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 687 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 2 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 4 defeated defeat VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 6 detail detail NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 8 Pharnapates pharnapate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 10 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 11 commander commander NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 13 killed kill VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 688 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 2 83 83 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 5 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 6 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 7 triumph triumph NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 9 Ventidius Ventidius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 10 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 11 secured secure VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 13 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 14 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 17 pivot pivot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 19 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 20 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 23 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 24 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 25 oppose oppose VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 27 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 28 crossing crossing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 31 Euphrates Euphrates NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 689 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 2 held hold VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 3 back back RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 4 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 5 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 7 let let VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 9 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 10 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 12 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 13 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 14 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 15 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 16 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 17 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 19 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 20 ordered order VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 22 rapid rapid JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 23 counterattack- counterattack- NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 25 slingers slinger NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 26 blanketing blanket VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 28 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 30 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 34 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 35 surging surge VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 36 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 690 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 2 quick quick JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 4 combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 5 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 6 counter counter NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 7 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 8 punch punch NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 10 caught catch VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 12 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 14 unfavorable unfavorable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 15 terrain terrain NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 16 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 18 furious furious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 19 hail hail NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 21 slingstones slingstone NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 23 leaden leaden JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 24 pellets pellet NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 27 prevented prevent VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 28 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 29 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 30 destroying destroy VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 32 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 33 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 34 arrow arrow NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 35 barrages barrage NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 36 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 38 distance distance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 691 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 1 Forced force VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 2 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 3 fight fight VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 4 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 5 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 6 quarters quarter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 9 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 10 advancing advance VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 11 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 14 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 15 faltered falter VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 18 leader leader NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 19 Pacorus Pacorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 21 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 22 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 23 guard guard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 24 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 25 killed kill VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 692 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 693 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 693 2 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 693 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 693 4 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 693 5 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 693 6 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 693 7 broke break VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 693 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 693 9 retreated retreat VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 693 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 2 84 84 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 4 Combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 5 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 7 quick quick JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 8 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 10 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 11 eras era NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 694 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 3 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 4 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 5 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 7 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 8 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 9 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 11 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 12 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 16 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 18 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 695 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 2 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 5 Emperor Emperor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 6 Julian Julian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 7 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 8 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 10 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 12 instructive instructive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 14 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 15 regard regard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 696 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 1 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 3 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 5 363 363 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 7 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 9 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 10 clash clash NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 11 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 12 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 14 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 16 Maranga Maranga NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 697 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 1 Facing face VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 2 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 3 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 4 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 5 threatened threaten VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 7 blanket blanket VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 8 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 9 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 12 hail hail NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 14 arrows arrow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 18 danger danger NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 20 envelopment envelopment JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 22 Julian Julian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 23 deployed deploy VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 24 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 25 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 28 crescent crescent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 29 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 32 ordered order VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 33 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 34 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 35 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 36 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 37 infantry infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 39 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 40 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 42 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 44 thwarting thwart VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 45 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 46 dangers danger NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 47 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 48 closing close VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 49 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 698 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 699 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 699 2 gambit gambit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 699 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 699 4 successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 699 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 3 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 4 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 7 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 8 withdrew- withdrew- VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 10 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 11 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 13 albeit albeit IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 15 costly costly JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 16 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 19 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 20 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 22 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 23 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 700 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 2 85 85 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 5 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 8 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 9 Ammianus Ammianus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 10 Marcellinus Marcellinus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 11 offers offer VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 13 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 14 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 17 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 18 campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 20 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 22 quick quick JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 23 charge charge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 26 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 27 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 28 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 29 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 30 Julian Julian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 701 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 2 To to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 3 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 5 preliminary preliminary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 6 volleys volley NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 9 archers archer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 11 disrupting disrupt VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 12 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 13 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 14 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 16 Julian Julian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 18 advanced advance VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 19 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 21 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 23 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 24 ruined ruin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 26 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 28 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 29 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 30 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 31 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 32 foot foot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 34 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 35 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 36 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 38 mighty mighty JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 39 push push NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 41 drove drive VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 43 serried serried JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 44 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 47 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 48 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 49 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 50 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 51 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 52 Marcellinus Marcellinus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 53 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 54 commentary commentary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 55 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 56 sharply sharply RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 57 contrasts contrast VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 59 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 60 spirit spirit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 61 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 62 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 63 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 64 infantrymen infantryman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 65 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 66 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 67 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 68 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 70 stating state VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 71 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 72 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 73 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 74 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 75 aversion aversion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 76 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 77 pitched pitch VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 78 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 79 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 702 80 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 3 86 86 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 5 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 6 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 7 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 8 engagement engagement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 9 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 11 walls wall NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 13 Ctesiphon Ctesiphon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 15 Marcellinus Marcellinus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 16 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 17 notes note VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 19 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 22 quick quick JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 23 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 26 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 27 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 29 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 30 sides side NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 31 fought fight VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 32 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 33 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 36 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 37 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 38 spears spear NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 40 drawn draw VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 41 swords sword NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 42 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 44 quicker quick JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 45 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 46 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 47 forced force VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 48 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 49 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 51 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 52 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 53 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 55 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 56 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 57 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 58 exposed expose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 59 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 60 danger danger NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 61 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 62 arrows arrow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 703 63 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 704 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 704 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 704 3 87 87 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 704 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 704 5 Mixed mix VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 704 6 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 704 7 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 704 8 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 704 9 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 704 10 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 704 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 1 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 3 overall overall JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 4 record record NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 5 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 7 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 9 favourable favourable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 11 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 13 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 14 horsemen horseman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 15 offered offer VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 16 stiff stiff JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 17 resistance resistance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 22 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 24 horsemen horseman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 26 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 29 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 30 Gallic gallic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 31 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 705 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 1 Subsequent subsequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 3 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 4 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 5 Antony Antony NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 6 invaded invade VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 7 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 8 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 10 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 12 withdraw withdraw VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 13 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 14 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 15 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 706 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 1 Others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 2 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 3 Severus Severus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 5 Trajan Trajan NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 6 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 7 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 8 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 11 invasions invasion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 13 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 15 defeating defeat VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 16 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 17 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 18 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 19 combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 20 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 21 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 707 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 2 81 81 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 4 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 7 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 9 Ventidius Ventidius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 11 Julian Julian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 12 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 15 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 16 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 18 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 19 properly properly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 20 handled handle VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 22 manoeuvred manoeuvre VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 25 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 26 working work VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 28 conjunction conjunction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 30 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 31 supporting support VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 32 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 33 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 34 slingers slinger NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 36 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 37 certainly certainly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 38 meet meet VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 40 challenge challenge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 42 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 43 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 44 cavalryman cavalryman NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 708 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 2 81 81 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 4 Decline[edit decline[edit CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 6 Any any DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 7 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 10 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 11 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 12 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 13 grapple grapple VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 16 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 17 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 18 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 21 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 24 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 25 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 26 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 27 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 28 dominated dominate VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 30 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 31 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 709 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 1 Such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 2 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 5 course course NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 8 closely closely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 9 linked link VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 12 decay decay NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 14 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 15 facets facet NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 17 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 18 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 19 economy economy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 21 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 23 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 24 scene scene NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 710 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 3 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 4 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 5 emphasize emphasize VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 8 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 9 demise demise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 11 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 13 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 15 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 16 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 18 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 19 plausible plausible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 21 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 22 implausible implausible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 25 plethora plethora NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 27 theories theory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 28 advanced advance VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 30 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 31 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 33 ranging range VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 34 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 35 declining decline VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 36 tax tax NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 37 bases basis NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 39 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 40 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 41 struggle struggle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 43 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 44 mass mass JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 45 lead lead NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 46 poisoning poisoning NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 711 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 2 88 88 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 4 Two two CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 7 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 8 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 9 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 10 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 11 occupied occupy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 12 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 15 military military NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 16 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 18 discussed discuss VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 19 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 21 barbarization barbarization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 24 adaptation adaptation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 28 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 29 reserve reserve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 31 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 712 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 4 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 6 controversies controversy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 8 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 9 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 11 duelling duel VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 12 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 13 advancing advance VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 14 competing compete VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 15 theories theory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 713 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 2 Barbarization barbarization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 6 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 7 infantry[edit infantry[edit , en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 10 Barbarization Barbarization NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 14 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 15 theme theme NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 17 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 18 works work NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 19 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 20 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 22 See See NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 23 Gibbon Gibbon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 25 Mommsen Mommsen NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 27 Delbrück Delbrück NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 29 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 30 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 714 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 4 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 5 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 8 excluded exclude VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 10 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 11 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 13 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 14 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 15 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 715 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 1 Essentially essentially RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 2 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 4 argued argue VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 7 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 8 barbarization barbarization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 11 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 12 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 13 weakened weaken VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 14 weaponry weaponry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 16 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 18 morale morale NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 20 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 21 effectiveness effectiveness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 24 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 25 run run NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 716 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 717 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 717 2 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 717 3 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 717 4 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 717 5 above above RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 717 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 717 7 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 717 8 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 717 9 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 717 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 2 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 5 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 7 argued argue VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 10 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 12 barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 13 personnel personnel NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 15 nothing nothing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 16 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 718 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 3 accurate accurate JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 5 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 7 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 8 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 10 clearly clearly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 11 governed govern VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 15 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 16 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 719 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 4 barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 5 personnel personnel NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 6 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 7 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 9 adapt adapt VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 12 standards standard NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 14 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 16 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 18 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 19 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 20 around around RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 720 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 3 twilight twilight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 6 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 8 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 10 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 12 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 721 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 1 Such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 2 practices practice NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 3 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 4 permitting permit VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 6 settlement settlement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 8 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 10 armed armed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 11 barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 12 populations population NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 15 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 18 watering watering NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 19 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 22 privilege privilege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 24 citizenship citizenship NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 26 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 27 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 29 alien alien JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 30 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 33 relaxation relaxation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 34 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 35 removal removal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 37 traditionally traditionally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 38 thorough thorough JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 40 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 41 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 42 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 44 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 46 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 48 contributed contribute VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 49 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 51 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 52 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 54 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 55 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 722 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 2 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 5 settlement settlement NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 8 foederati foederati NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 10 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 12 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 13 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 14 barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 15 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 16 ushered usher VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 17 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 19 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 20 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 23 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 24 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 25 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 27 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 28 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 29 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 30 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 723 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 1 Such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 2 groupings grouping NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 3 showed show VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 5 tendency tendency NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 7 neglect neglect VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 10 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 11 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 14 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 16 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 18 logistics logistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 19 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 23 favour favour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 25 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 26 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 27 ideas idea NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 29 practices practice NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 31 agendas agenda NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 724 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 2 settlements settlement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 4 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 5 bought buy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 6 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 8 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 9 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 10 peace peace NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 12 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 13 elites elite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 15 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 17 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 19 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 20 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 22 negative negative JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 24 weakening weaken VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 26 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 27 strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 30 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 31 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 33 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 35 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 37 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 725 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 3 seemed seem VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 5 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 6 lessened lessen VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 8 incentive incentive NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 10 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 12 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 13 Guard Guard NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 15 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 17 adhere adhere VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 19 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 20 strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 22 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 24 barbarians barbarian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 25 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 26 equal equal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 28 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 29 favour favour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 30 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 31 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 32 effort effort NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 726 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 1 Indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 3 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 5 allied allied JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 7 barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 8 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 10 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 11 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 13 turn turn VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 14 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 16 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 18 devastating devastate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 19 wide wide JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 20 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 22 sack sack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 24 pillage pillage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 26 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 27 attacking attack VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 28 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 29 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 30 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 727 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 2 91 91 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 4 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 5 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 6 argue argue VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 8 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 9 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 10 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 11 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 12 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 13 view view VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 15 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 17 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 19 barbarians barbarian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 20 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 21 civilized civilized JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 22 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 24 epitomized epitomize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 26 Hadrian Hadrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 27 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 28 Wall Wall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 30 separation separation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 34 reality reality NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 36 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 37 frontiers frontier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 38 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 39 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 40 fuzzy fuzzy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 41 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 43 interlocking interlock VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 44 zones zone NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 45 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 46 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 48 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 50 judicial judicial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 52 financial financial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 54 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 55 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 56 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 57 neat neat JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 58 linear linear JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 59 boundary boundary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 728 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 1 Changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 4 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 5 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 6 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 7 moved move VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 8 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 11 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 12 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 13 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 14 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 15 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 16 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 18 outcome outcome NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 20 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 21 influences influence NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 23 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 24 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 25 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 27 appearance appearance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 29 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 31 allegedly allegedly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 32 uncivilized uncivilized JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 33 non non NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 34 - - NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 35 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 729 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 2 92 92 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 4 Changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 7 legions[edit legions[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 9 To to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 10 combat combat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 12 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 13 frequent frequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 14 raids raid NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 16 advances advance NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 19 hostile hostile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 20 neighbours neighbour NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 22 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 23 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 24 changed change VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 26 slow slow JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 28 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 30 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 31 lighter light JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 32 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 35 cavalry cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 36 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 37 introduced introduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 38 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 39 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 40 serious serious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 41 concept concept NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 730 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 1 State state NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 3 controlled control VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 4 factories factory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 5 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 6 vast vast JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 7 quantities quantity NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 9 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 10 specialist specialist JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 11 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 12 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 14 chainmail chainmail NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 15 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 17 spears spear NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 19 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 22 gladius gladius NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 24 lorica lorica NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 25 segmentata segmentata NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 26 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 27 prevalent prevalent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 30 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 31 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 731 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 2 difference difference NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 3 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 4 auxiliaries auxiliary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 6 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 7 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 9 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 10 negligible negligible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 13 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 14 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 16 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 732 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 2 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 5 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 6 subdivided subdivide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 7 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 8 lost lose VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 10 awesome awesome JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 11 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 12 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 14 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 15 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 16 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 18 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 19 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 20 whilst whilst IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 21 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 22 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 23 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 24 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 26 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 28 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 29 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 30 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 31 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 32 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 34 win win VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 35 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 733 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 1 That that DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 2 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 3 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 6 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 7 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 9 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 10 low low NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 14 factor factor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 734 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 1 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 3 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 4 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 6 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 9 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 10 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 12 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 13 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 14 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 15 flexibly flexibly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 17 accounts account NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 19 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 20 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 21 Ammianus Ammianus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 22 Marcellinus Marcellinus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 23 make make VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 24 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 735 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 1 Smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 2 detachments detachment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 3 waged wage VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 4 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 5 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 7 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 8 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 10 yet yet CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 11 intense intense JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 12 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 13 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 14 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 15 foes foe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 18 Rhine Rhine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 20 Danubian danubian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 21 frontiers frontier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 736 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 1 Instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 3 vast vast JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 4 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 6 thousands thousand NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 8 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 10 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 11 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 12 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 13 engage engage VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 14 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 16 scale scale NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 17 incursions incursion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 19 raiders raider NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 737 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 2 horsemen horseman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 4 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 5 fast fast RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 8 actually actually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 9 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 10 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 11 weak weak JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 13 cope cope VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 16 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 17 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 18 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 19 invasions invasion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 22 Huns Huns NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 24 Goths Goths NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 26 Vandals Vandals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 28 Sassanids Sassanids NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 738 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 2 ineffectiveness ineffectiveness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 6 Cannae Cannae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 8 Adrianople Adrianople NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 11 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 12 instances instance NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 15 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 16 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 17 completely completely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 18 destroyed destroy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 21 vastly vastly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 22 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 23 powerful powerful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 24 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 25 horse horse NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 739 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 1 Advances advance NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 3 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 4 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 5 thinking thinking NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 6 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 9 adoption adoption NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 11 eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 13 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 14 cataphracts cataphract NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 16 mass mass JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 18 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 20 auxiliary auxiliary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 21 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 23 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 25 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 27 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 28 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 29 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 31 address address VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 32 previous previous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 33 shortcomings shortcoming NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 36 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 37 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 740 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 2 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 3 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 4 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 6 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 7 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 9 orientated orientated JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 10 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 12 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 13 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 14 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 18 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 20 detachments detachment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 21 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 22 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 24 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 25 moved move VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 26 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 28 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 29 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 30 will will NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 32 ending end VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 34 previous previous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 35 doctrine doctrine NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 37 keeping keep VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 38 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 39 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 40 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 42 frontiers frontier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 43 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 45 edge edge NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 48 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 741 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 2 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 3 forces force VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 4 approach[edit approach[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 8 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 9 reserve reserve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 11 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 13 traditionally traditionally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 14 identified identify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 16 Constantine Constantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 17 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 19 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 21 reversal reversal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 24 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 26 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 28 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 30 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 31 frontier frontier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 32 fortifications fortification NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 33 backed back VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 34 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 35 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 36 stationed station VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 37 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 38 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 39 zones zone NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 41 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 742 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 1 Instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 3 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 5 argued argue VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 8 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 9 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 11 pulled pull VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 12 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 13 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 15 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 18 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 19 reserve reserve NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 21 closer close RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 24 centre centre NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 25 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 26 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 27 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 28 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 30 trouble trouble NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 31 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 32 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 34 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 743 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 2 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 3 claim claim VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 7 positive positive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 8 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 11 Luttwak Luttwak NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 13 Delbruck Delbruck NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 15 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 16 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 744 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 1 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 2 growing grow VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 3 difficulties difficulty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 4 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 5 governing govern VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 7 vast vast JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 8 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 10 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 11 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 12 turmoil turmoil NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 14 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 15 financial financial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 16 difficulties difficulty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 17 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 18 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 20 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 21 preclusive preclusive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 22 security security NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 23 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 24 untenable untenable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 745 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 2 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 3 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 5 Luttwak Luttwak NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 6 condemn condemn VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 8 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 10 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 12 forward forward JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 14 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 16 indicating indicate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 19 Maginot Maginot NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 20 Line Line NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 22 mentality mentality NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 25 troubled troubled JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 26 latter latter JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 27 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 30 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 746 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 2 93 93 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 4 Disadvantages disadvantage NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 7 mobile mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 8 reserve reserve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 9 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 10 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 13 forward forward JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 15 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 16 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 17 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 18 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 19 Zosimus Zosimus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 22 5th 5th JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 23 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 24 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 25 condemned condemn VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 28 reserve reserve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 30 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 31 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 33 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 34 weakening weakening NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 37 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 38 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 747 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 748 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 748 2 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 748 3 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 748 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 748 5 Ferrill Ferrill NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 748 6 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 748 7 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 748 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 748 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 1 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 2 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 4 pullback pullback NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 7 strategic strategic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 8 mistake mistake NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 10 arguing argue VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 12 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 13 left leave VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 14 lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 15 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 17 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 18 string string NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 20 limitanei limitanei JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 21 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 23 stop stop VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 24 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 25 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 26 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 28 distant distant NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 29 mobile mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 30 reserve reserve NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 31 arrived arrive VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 749 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 3 drop drop NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 5 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 6 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 8 happen happen VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 9 immediately immediately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 13 argued argue VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 15 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 16 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 19 limitanei limitanei NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 20 declined decline VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 21 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 22 lightly lightly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 23 armed armed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 25 static static JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 26 watchman watchman NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 27 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 28 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 29 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 30 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 32 dubious dubious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 33 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 34 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 35 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 36 barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 37 marauders marauder NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 38 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 40 frontiers frontier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 750 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 2 pullback pullback NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 5 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 6 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 8 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 9 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 11 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 12 reasons reason NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 14 shoring shore VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 15 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 17 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 18 bases basis NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 21 emperors emperor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 23 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 24 elites elite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 26 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 27 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 28 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 29 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 30 reality reality NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 751 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 2 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 6 claimed claim VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 10 forward forward JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 12 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 14 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 15 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 16 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 18 static static JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 20 Maginot Maginot NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 22 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 24 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 25 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 26 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 27 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 28 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 30 supporting support VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 31 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 32 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 33 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 34 move move VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 35 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 37 trouble trouble NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 38 spot spot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 39 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 40 redeploying redeploy VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 41 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 42 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 43 fortifications fortification NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 44 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 45 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 46 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 47 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 48 frontier frontier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 752 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 2 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 3 challenge challenge VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 5 notion notion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 9 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 10 reserve reserve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 14 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 15 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 16 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 17 existed exist VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 20 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 21 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 24 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 25 argue argue VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 26 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 28 shifts shift NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 30 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 31 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 32 represent represent VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 34 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 36 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 37 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 38 deployed deploy VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 40 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 41 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 42 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 43 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 45 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 46 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 48 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 753 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 1 Others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 2 point point VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 5 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 6 fiscal fiscal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 7 difficulties difficulty NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 9 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 10 turmoil turmoil NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 13 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 14 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 15 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 16 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 17 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 18 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 20 continue continue VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 22 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 23 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 754 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 2 94 94 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 4 Twilight twilight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 7 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 9 core core NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 10 infantry[edit infantry[edit , en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 12 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 13 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 14 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 15 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 16 facets facet NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 19 controversy controversy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 22 whatever whatever WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 24 school school NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 26 thought thought NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 28 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 29 agree agree VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 30 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 32 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 33 strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 35 weaponry weaponry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 38 heavy heavy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 39 infantry infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 40 legion legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 41 declined decline VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 42 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 44 standards standard NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 46 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 47 eras era NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 755 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 2 4th 4th JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 4 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 5 writer writer NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 6 Vegetius Vegetius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 9 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 12 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 13 influential influential JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 14 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 15 military military NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 16 works work NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 17 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 18 Re Re NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 19 Militari Militari NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 21 highlighted highlight VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 22 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 23 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 26 key key JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 27 factor factor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 29 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 30 weakness weakness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 32 noting note VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 33 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 35 core core NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 36 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 37 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 38 fought fight VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 39 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 40 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 42 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 43 integrated integrated JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 44 team team NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 46 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 47 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 48 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 49 foot foot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 756 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 3 latter latter JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 4 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 6 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 7 formula formula NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 8 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 9 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 10 brought bring VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 11 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 12 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 13 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 14 petered petere VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 15 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 757 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 1 Caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 2 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 4 growth growth NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 6 lighter light JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 7 armed armed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 8 / / , en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 9 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 10 organized organized JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 11 foot foot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 12 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 16 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 17 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 18 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 21 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 22 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 26 heavies heavy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 30 dominant dominant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 31 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 33 withered wither VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 34 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 36 vine vine NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 758 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 2 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 4 mean mean VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 6 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 7 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 8 disappeared disappear VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 9 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 12 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 13 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 14 mass mass NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 15 recruitment recruitment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 17 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 19 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 21 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 24 dominant dominant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 25 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 28 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 29 military military NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 30 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 31 greatly greatly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 32 reduced reduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 759 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 1 Ironically ironically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 4 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 5 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 6 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 7 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 10 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 11 half half NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 14 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 17 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 18 suffered suffer VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 20 substantially substantially RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 21 inflicted inflict VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 22 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 23 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 24 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 26 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 27 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 28 dismounted dismount VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 760 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 2 94 94 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 4 Speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 7 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 10 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 11 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 15 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 16 Vegetius Vegetius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 17 lauded laud VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 19 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 20 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 21 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 24 lamented lament VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 25 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 27 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 28 armour armour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 31 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 32 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 33 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 34 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 35 discarded discard VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 36 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 38 weaker weak JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 40 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 41 disciplined disciplined JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 43 barbarized barbarize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 44 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 45 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 46 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 47 Those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 48 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 49 find find VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 51 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 52 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 53 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 54 burdensome burdensome JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 56 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 57 either either CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 58 receive receive VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 59 wounds wound NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 60 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 61 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 62 naked naked JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 63 bodies body NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 64 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 65 die die VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 67 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 68 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 69 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 70 worse bad JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 71 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 72 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 73 run run VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 74 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 75 risk risk NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 76 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 77 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 78 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 79 prisoners prisoner NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 80 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 81 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 82 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 83 betraying betray VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 84 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 85 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 86 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 87 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 88 flight flight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 761 89 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 1 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 4 avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 5 fatigue fatigue NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 7 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 8 allow allow VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 9 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 12 butchered butcher VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 13 shamefully shamefully RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 15 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 16 cattle cattle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 762 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 3 95 95 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 5 Historian Historian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 6 Arther Arther NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 7 Ferrill Ferrill NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 8 notes note VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 10 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 11 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 13 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 15 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 18 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 19 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 20 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 21 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 22 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 24 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 763 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 1 Such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 2 grouping grouping NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 4 increasingly increasingly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 5 ineffective ineffective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 7 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 9 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 11 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 12 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 13 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 14 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 16 drill drill NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 20 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 21 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 764 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 2 94 94 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 4 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 6 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 8 Châlons Châlons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 10 circa circa NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 11 451 451 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 12 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 14 Attila Attila NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 16 Hun Hun NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 17 rallied rally VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 18 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 19 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 21 mocking mock VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 23 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 25 vaunted vaunt VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 26 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 27 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 29 alleging allege VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 30 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 31 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 32 merely merely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 33 huddled huddle VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 34 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 36 screen screen NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 38 protective protective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 39 shields shield NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 41 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 42 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 765 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 2 ordered order VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 3 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 4 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 6 ignore ignore VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 7 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 10 attack attack VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 12 powerful powerful JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 13 Alans Alans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 15 Visigoths Visigoths NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 16 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 766 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 4 sad sad JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 5 commentary commentary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 8 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 9 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 10 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 11 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 12 dominated dominate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 13 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 16 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 18 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 21 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 22 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 767 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 3 true true JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 6 Châlons Châlons NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 9 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 10 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 11 contributed contribute VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 14 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 16 seizing seize VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 17 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 20 battlefield battlefield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 21 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 22 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 23 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 768 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 3 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 4 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 5 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 6 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 7 passed pass VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 9 favour favour NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 12 mass mass NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 13 levies levy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 16 barbarian barbarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 17 federates federate NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 769 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 2 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 4 Assessment Assessment NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 8 infantry[edit infantry[edit , en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 10 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 11 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 13 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 14 success[edit success[edit , en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 16 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 17 elements element NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 18 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 19 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 21 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 22 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 23 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 24 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 25 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 27 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 28 tactically tactically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 30 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 31 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 32 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 34 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 35 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 36 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 37 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 38 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 39 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 40 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 41 copy copy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 43 adapt adapt VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 45 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 47 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 49 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 50 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 51 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 52 effectively effectively RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 770 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 2 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 4 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 7 gladius gladius NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 10 adopted adopt VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 11 outright outright RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 14 legionaries legionary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 771 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 1 Publius Publius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 2 asserts assert VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 5 pilum pilum NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 8 Samnite Samnite NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 9 origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 13 shield shield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 15 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 17 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 18 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 772 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 2 96 96 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 5 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 6 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 8 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 9 formidable formidable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 10 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 12 enemy enemy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 13 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 14 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 15 invited invite VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 17 serve serve VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 20 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 21 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 23 auxiliaries auxiliary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 24 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 25 peace peace NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 26 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 27 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 773 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 3 naval naval JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 4 sphere sphere NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 7 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 8 followed follow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 9 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 12 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 13 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 14 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 15 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 18 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 20 dropping drop VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 22 ineffective ineffective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 23 designs design NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 25 copying copying NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 27 adapting adapt VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 29 improving improve VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 30 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 31 Punic punic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 32 warships warship NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 35 introducing introduce VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 36 heavier heavy JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 37 marine marine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 38 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 40 infantry infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 41 fighters fighter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 43 on on RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 44 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 45 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 46 ships ship NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 774 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 2 97 97 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 4 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 5 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 7 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 8 flexible flexible JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 9 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 10 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 12 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 13 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 775 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 1 Compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 4 tightly tightly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 5 packed pack VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 6 spearmen spearman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 9 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 12 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 13 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 14 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 16 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 18 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 20 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 23 operating operate VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 25 conjunction conjunction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 27 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 28 foot foot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 30 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 32 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 33 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 34 adopt adopt VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 36 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 38 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 40 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 41 depending depend VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 42 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 44 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 776 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 2 range range VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 3 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 5 Testudo Testudo NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 6 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 7 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 8 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 9 warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 13 hollow hollow JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 14 square square NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 15 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 16 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 17 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 20 mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 21 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 23 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 24 foot foot NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 26 horse horse NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 28 light light JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 29 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 30 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 31 guerrillas guerrilla NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 33 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 35 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 37 classic classic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 38 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 39 triple triple JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 40 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 41 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 42 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 43 checkerboard checkerboard NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 44 patterns pattern NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 777 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 1 Against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 2 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 3 sophisticated sophisticated JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 4 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 6 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 8 showed show VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 9 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 10 flexibility flexibility NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 12 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 14 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 17 brilliant brilliant JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 18 adjustments adjustment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 19 Scipio Scipio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 20 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 21 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 22 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 23 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 24 Zama Zama NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 778 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 2 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 3 leaving leave VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 4 huge huge JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 5 gaps gap NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 8 ranks rank NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 10 trap trap VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 12 charging charge VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 13 elephants elephant NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 17 recall recall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 19 reposition reposition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 21 consolidation consolidation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 24 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 25 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 26 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 27 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 28 advanced advance VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 31 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 32 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 33 struggle struggle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 34 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 36 Carthaginian carthaginian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 37 veterans veteran NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 39 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 779 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 2 98 98 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 4 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 5 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 7 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 9 logistical logistical NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 10 systemization systemization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 11 sustained sustain VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 12 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 13 effectiveness effectiveness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 14 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 16 longer long JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 17 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 780 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 1 Notably notably RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 4 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 5 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 7 castra castra NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 9 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 10 fortified fortify VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 11 camps camp NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 13 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 15 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 17 stay stay VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 20 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 21 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 22 favourable favourable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 23 ground ground NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 25 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 26 rested rest VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 28 resupplied resupplie VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 29 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 30 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 781 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 1 Well well UH en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 2 organized organized JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 3 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 4 logistics logistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 6 sustained sustain VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 7 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 8 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 11 routine routine JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 12 resupply resupply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 14 storage storage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 17 construction construction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 19 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 20 roads road NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 23 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 25 run run VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 26 arsenals arsenal NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 28 weapons weapon NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 29 factories factory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 31 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 32 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 33 organized organized JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 34 naval naval JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 35 convoys convoy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 36 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 37 helped help VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 38 stave stave VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 39 off off RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 40 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 41 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 42 Carthage carthage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 782 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 2 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 5 leader leader NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 6 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 7 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 8 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 9 cause cause VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 11 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 13 lose lose VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 14 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 16 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 783 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 784 1 Others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 784 2 stepped step VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 784 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 784 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 784 5 fore fore NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 784 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 784 7 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 784 8 on on RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 784 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 3 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 4 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 5 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 6 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 8 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 9 Trebia Trebia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 11 10,000 10,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 12 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 13 cut cut VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 14 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 15 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 16 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 18 debacle debacle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 20 safety safety NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 22 maintaining maintain VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 23 unit unit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 24 cohesion cohesion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 25 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 26 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 27 around around RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 29 rout rout NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 32 testimony testimony NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 34 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 35 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 36 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 38 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 785 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 2 97 97 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 5 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 7 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 8 persistent persistent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 10 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 11 willing willing JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 13 absorb absorb VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 15 replace replace VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 16 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 17 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 18 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 19 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 20 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 21 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 786 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 1 Unlike unlike IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 3 civilizations civilization NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 6 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 7 kept keep VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 8 going go VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 9 relentlessly relentlessly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 10 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 11 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 12 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 13 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 14 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 15 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 16 completely completely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 17 crushed crush VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 19 neutralized neutralize VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 787 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 2 army army NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 3 acted act VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 5 implement implement VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 6 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 9 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 10 allowed allow VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 12 stop stop VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 13 unless unless IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 14 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 15 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 17 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 18 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 20 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 21 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 23 decree decree NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 24 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 26 senate senate NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 788 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 1 Against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 3 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 4 polities polity NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 6 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 8 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 10 Hispania Hispania NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 12 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 13 tenacity tenacity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 15 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 16 weight weight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 17 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 18 wore wear VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 19 down down RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 20 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 21 opposition opposition NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 789 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 2 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 4 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 5 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 7 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 9 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 11 economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 12 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 13 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 15 support support VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 16 lengthy lengthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 17 campaigns campaign NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 19 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 20 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 21 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 24 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 25 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 27 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 28 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 30 change change VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 31 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 32 minds mind NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 33 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 34 opposing oppose VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 35 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 36 hegemony hegemony NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 790 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 2 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 5 Teutoburg Teutoburg NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 6 Forest Forest NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 7 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 8 seem seem VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 9 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 11 exception exception NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 13 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 14 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 15 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 18 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 20 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 21 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 23 warpath warpath NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 24 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 25 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 26 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 27 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 28 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 29 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 30 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 31 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 32 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 33 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 791 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 1 That that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 2 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 3 persistence persistence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 5 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 6 actually actually RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 7 endless endless JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 8 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 9 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 10 negate negate VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 12 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 13 pattern pattern NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 792 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 1 Where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 3 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 4 faced face VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 5 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 6 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 7 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 8 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 10 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 13 Parthian Parthian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 14 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 16 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 17 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 19 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 20 road road NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 21 rocky rocky RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 22 indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 24 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 25 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 26 forced force VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 28 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 29 impasse impasse NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 793 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 794 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 794 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 794 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 794 4 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 794 5 pattern pattern NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 794 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 794 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 794 8 tenacity tenacity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 794 9 holds hold VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 794 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 1 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 2 suffered suffer VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 3 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 4 greatest great JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 5 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 6 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 7 sophisticated sophisticated JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 8 Carthage Carthage NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 10 notably notably RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 12 Cannae Cannae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 16 forced force VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 18 avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 20 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 23 lengthy lengthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 24 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 795 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 1 Yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 3 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 6 rebuilt rebuild VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 7 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 8 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 10 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 13 sea sea NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 16 persisted persist VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 19 struggle struggle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 21 astonishing astonish VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 23 Punics punic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 24 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 25 expected expect VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 26 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 28 sue sue VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 29 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 30 peace peace NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 796 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 1 Against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 3 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 5 crushing crush VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 6 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 7 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 8 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 9 stop stop VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 11 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 13 inflicting inflict VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 14 serious serious JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 15 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 18 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 19 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 22 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 23 invaded invade VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 24 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 25 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 26 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 27 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 28 afterwards afterwards RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 31 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 32 Parthia Parthia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 33 proper proper JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 34 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 35 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 36 totally totally RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 37 conquered conquer VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 39 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 40 ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 41 secured secure VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 42 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 43 rough rough JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 44 hegemony hegemony NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 47 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 48 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 49 managed manage VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 50 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 51 successfully successfully RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 52 destroy destroy VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 53 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 54 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 55 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 56 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 57 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 58 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 59 occasions occasion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 797 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 2 leadership leadership NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 4 mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 6 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 7 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 8 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 9 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 11 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 12 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 14 securing secure VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 15 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 16 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 17 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 798 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 1 Leadership leadership NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 2 debacles debacle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 4 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 6 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 7 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 8 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 12 routs rout NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 13 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 14 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 17 demise demise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 20 unlucky unlucky JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 21 Crassus Crassus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 22 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 24 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 799 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 2 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 3 polity polity NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 5 structuring structuring NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 7 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 9 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 11 steady steady JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 12 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 14 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 15 willing willing JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 17 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 19 lead lead VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 20 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 22 battle- battle- NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 23 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 24 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 25 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 26 held hold VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 27 accountable accountable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 28 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 29 defeat defeat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 31 malfeasance malfeasance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 800 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 4 unusual unusual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 7 losing lose VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 8 general general NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 11 prosecuted prosecute VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 13 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 14 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 16 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 19 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 20 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 22 property property NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 23 confiscated confiscate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 25 barely barely RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 26 escaping escape VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 27 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 801 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 2 senatorial senatorial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 3 oligarchy oligarchy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 6 all all PDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 7 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 8 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 9 manoeuvring manoeuvring NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 11 interference interference NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 13 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 14 faults fault NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 16 provided provide VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 18 functions function NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 20 oversight oversight NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 22 audit audit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 23 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 24 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 25 matters matter NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 27 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 28 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 30 course course NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 32 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 34 shaped shape VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 35 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 36 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 802 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 2 record record NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 5 mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 6 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 8 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 9 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 10 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 11 boisterous boisterous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 12 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 14 Imperial Imperial NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 15 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 17 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 18 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 19 enough enough JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 20 competent competent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 21 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 23 secure secure VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 24 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 25 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 26 dominance dominance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 28 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 30 millennium millennium NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 803 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 4 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 5 leaders leader NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 6 come come VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 8 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 9 eras era NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 11 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 12 Marius Marius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 14 Sulla Sulla NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 16 Scipio Scipio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 18 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 20 Trajan Trajan NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 22 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 804 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 1 Note note NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 2 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 3 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 4 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 5 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 8 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 9 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 11 junior junior JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 12 officers officer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 14 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 15 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 16 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 18 assure assure VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 19 coordination coordination NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 21 guidance guidance NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 805 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 2 initiative initiative NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 4 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 5 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 6 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 8 key key JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 9 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 11 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 12 success success NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 806 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 1 Effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 2 leadership leadership NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 4 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 5 bound bind VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 6 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 9 famous famous JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 10 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 11 centurions centurion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 14 backbone backbone NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 17 legionary legionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 807 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 2 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 3 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 4 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 5 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 6 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 8 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 9 models model NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 11 perfection perfection NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 13 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 14 commanded command VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 16 substantial substantial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 17 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 808 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 1 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 3 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 4 manpower manpower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 5 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 6 enabled enable VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 7 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 9 stay stay VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 12 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 14 continue continue VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 15 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 16 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 17 defeats defeat NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 20 launch launch VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 21 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 22 campaigns campaign NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 809 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 1 Against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 2 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 4 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 6 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 7 suffered suffer VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 8 huge huge JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 9 losses loss NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 12 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 13 vastly vastly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 14 outnumbered outnumber VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 15 Hannibal Hannibal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 17 forces force NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 810 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 2 meant mean VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 4 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 5 defensive defensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 6 operations operation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 7 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 8 Fabius Fabius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 11 aggressive aggressive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 12 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 14 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 15 armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 16 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 17 Scipio Scipio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 19 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 21 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 24 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 26 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 811 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 2 enemies enemy NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 4 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 5 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 6 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 7 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 8 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 9 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 10 manpower manpower NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 11 reserve reserve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 13 faltered falter VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 14 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 15 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 16 - - : en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 18 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 19 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 21 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 23 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 25 kingdoms kingdom NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 26 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 28 maintain maintain VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 29 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 30 independence independence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 33 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 34 empires empire NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 35 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 36 confronted confront VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 38 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 812 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 2 huge huge JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 3 pool pool NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 5 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 6 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 7 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 9 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 10 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 11 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 12 room room NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 14 errors error NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 16 setbacks setback NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 18 compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 20 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 21 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 813 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 2 99 99 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 5 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 8 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 9 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 11 civic civic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 12 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 15 embodied embody VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 16 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 19 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 20 infantry infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 21 legion legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 23 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 25 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 26 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 27 consistent consistent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 28 motivation motivation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 30 cohesion cohesion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 814 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 1 Such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 2 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 3 included include VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 4 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 7 limited limit VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 11 a a LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 14 valuing valuing NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 16 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 17 citizenship citizenship NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 20 b b LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 23 broad broad RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 25 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 26 muster muster NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 28 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 29 males male NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 30 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 31 mass mass NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 32 infantry infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 33 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 36 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 37 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 38 widespread widespread JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 39 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 41 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 42 contingents contingent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 44 slaves slave NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 45 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 46 mercenaries mercenary NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 49 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 50 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 51 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 53 loyalty loyalty NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 54 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 55 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 56 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 57 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 58 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 59 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 60 Legion Legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 61 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 62 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 63 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 64 characteristically characteristically RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 65 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 66 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 67 outlook outlook NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 68 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 69 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 815 70 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 1 Citizenship citizenship NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 2 conveyed convey VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 3 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 4 valuable valuable JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 5 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 8 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 12 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 13 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 14 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 15 helped help VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 17 promote promote VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 19 standardization standardization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 21 integration integration NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 24 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 816 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 2 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 5 citizen citizen NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 6 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 7 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 8 - - : en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 10 legion legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 11 soldier soldier NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 12 - - : en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 14 supposed suppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 16 reflect reflect VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 18 practice practice VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 20 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 21 ideal ideal NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 23 virtus virtus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 25 pietas pietas NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 27 fides fide NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 30 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 32 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 34 respect respect NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 36 faithfulness faithfulness NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 37 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 38 engagements engagement NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 817 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 1 Implementation implementation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 3 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 4 ideals ideal NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 5 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 7 mixed mix VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 8 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 10 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 11 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 13 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 14 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 15 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 18 trilogy trilogy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 19 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 20 driving driving NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 22 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 23 aspect aspect NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 25 military military NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 27 domestic domestic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 29 economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 31 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 32 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 818 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 3 101 101 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 5 As as RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 7 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 10 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 11 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 13 cohesion cohesion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 14 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 15 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 17 infantrymen infantryman NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 819 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 2 also[edit also[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 4 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 5 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 6 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 7 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 8 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 9 Campaign campaign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 10 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 13 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 14 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 15 Castra Castra NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 16 List List NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 18 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 19 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 21 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 22 topics topic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 23 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 24 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 26 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 27 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 28 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 29 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 30 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 31 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 32 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 33 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 34 Structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 37 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 38 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 39 References[edit references[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 40 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 41 Citations[edit citations[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 42 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 43 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 44 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 45 Warry Warry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 47 Warfare Warfare NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 48 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 50 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 51 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 53 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 54 St. St. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 55 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 56 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 58 1980 1980 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 59 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 61 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 820 62 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 1 70–193 70–193 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 3 Adrian Adrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 4 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 6 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 8 Name name NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 10 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 12 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 13 Men Men NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 14 Who who WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 15 Won won VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 17 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 18 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 20 Weidenfeld Weidenfeld NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 21 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 22 Nicolson Nicolson NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 24 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 25 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 821 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 822 1 18–117 18–117 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 822 2 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 822 3 Lendon Lendon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 822 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 822 5 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 822 6 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 822 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 822 8 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 822 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 822 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 1 Soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 3 Ghosts Ghosts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 5 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 6 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 8 Battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 10 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 11 Antiquity Antiquity NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 823 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 824 1 Yale Yale NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 824 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 824 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 824 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 7 300 300 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 9 11979 11979 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 11 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 825 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 826 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 826 2 Crowan Crowan NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 826 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 826 4 Ross Ross NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 826 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 826 6 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 826 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 826 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 1 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 2 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 3 Tactics Tactics NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 4 109 109 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 5 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 7 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 8 313 313 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 10 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 827 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 828 1 Osprey Osprey NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 828 2 Publishing Publishing NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 828 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 7 84603 84603 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 9 184 184 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 11 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 829 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 4 Gabriel Gabriel NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 6 Richard Richard NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 7 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 9 Metz Metz NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 11 Karen Karen NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 12 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 14 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 830 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 1 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 2 Sumer Sumer NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 4 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 6 The The NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 7 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 8 Capabilities Capabilities NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 10 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 11 Armies Armies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 831 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 832 1 ABC ABC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 832 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 832 3 CLIO CLIO NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 832 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 7 313 313 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 9 27645 27645 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 11 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 833 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 834 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 834 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 834 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 834 4 Taylor Taylor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 834 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 834 6 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 834 7 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 835 1 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 835 2 Evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 835 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 835 4 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 835 5 Infantry Infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 835 6 Tactics Tactics NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 835 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 836 1 Santa Santa NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 836 2 Clara Clara NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 836 3 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 836 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 837 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 837 2 Campbell Campbell NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 837 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 837 4 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 838 1 B. B. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 839 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 839 2 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 839 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 839 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 1 War war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 3 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 5 imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 6 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 8 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 9 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 11 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 12 284 284 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 840 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 841 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 841 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 841 3 Routledge Routledge NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 841 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 842 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 842 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 842 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 842 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 842 5 203 203 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 842 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 842 7 21949-X. 21949-x. CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 843 1 OCLC oclc NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 843 2 54074542 54074542 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 843 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 2 Esposito Esposito NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 4 Gabriele Gabriele NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 6 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 8 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 9 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 10 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 844 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 1 Armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 4 Late Late NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 5 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 6 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 7 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 8 284 284 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 10 476 476 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 12 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 14 Organization Organization NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 15 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 16 Equipment Equipment NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 845 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 846 1 Casemate Casemate NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 846 2 Publishers Publishers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 846 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 7 5267 5267 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 9 3038 3038 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 11 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 847 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 2 Esposito Esposito NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 4 Gabriele Gabriele NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 6 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 8 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 9 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 10 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 848 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 1 Armies army NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 4 Late Late NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 5 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 6 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 7 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 8 284 284 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 10 476 476 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 12 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 14 Organization Organization NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 15 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 16 Equipment Equipment NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 849 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 850 1 Casemate Casemate NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 850 2 Publishers Publishers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 850 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 7 5267 5267 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 9 3038 3038 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 11 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 851 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 852 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 852 2 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 852 3 Fronda Fronda NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 852 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 852 5 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 852 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 852 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 1 Between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 2 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 4 Carthage carthage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 6 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 7 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 8 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 10 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 11 Punic Punic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 12 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 853 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 2 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 3 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 4 Colleen Colleen NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 5 McCullough McCullough NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 8 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 10 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 12 p p DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 13 303 303 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 14 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 15 417 417 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 16 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 17 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 18 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 19 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 854 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 855 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 855 2 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 855 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 855 4 Gilliver Gilliver NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 855 5 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 855 6 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 855 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 1 Osprey Osprey NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 3 p p NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 4 63–97 63–97 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 5 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 7 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 8 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 9 http://www.roman-empire.net/army/training.html http://www.roman-empire.net/army/training.html NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 10 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 12 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 13 http://www.therthdimension.org/AncientRome/Roman_Army/Training/training.htm http://www.therthdimension.org/AncientRome/Roman_Army/Training/training.htm NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 14 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 15 Adrian Adrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 16 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 18 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 19 Complete Complete NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 20 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 21 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 23 Thames Thames NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 24 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 25 Hudson Hudson NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 27 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 29 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 856 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 1 72–186 72–186 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 2 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 5 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 6 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 7 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 10 Complete Complete NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 11 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 12 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 14 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 857 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 858 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 858 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 2 Albert Albert NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 3 Harkness Harkness NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 6 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 7 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 10 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 12 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 13 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 16 Pacific Pacific NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 18 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 20 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 859 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 1 53–89 53–89 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 2 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 5 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 6 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 7 Adrian Adrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 8 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 10 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 11 Punic punic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 12 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 15 Cassell Cassell NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 16 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 18 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 860 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 1 43–78 43–78 LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 3 Pierre Pierre NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 4 Grimal Grimal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 7 Civilization Civilization NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 9 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 11 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 861 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 2 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 3 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 4 Warry Warry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 6 Warfare Warfare NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 9 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 10 World world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 13 St. St. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 14 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 15 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 17 1980 1980 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 20 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 862 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 1 70 70 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 3 183 183 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 5 Williamson Williamson NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 7 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 8 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 11 tr tr NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 14 Josephus Josephus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 16 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 17 Jewish Jewish NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 18 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 20 Penguin Penguin NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 21 Books Books NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 23 1959 1959 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 25 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 26 378 378 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 27 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 28 179 179 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 29 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 31 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 32 Adrian Adrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 33 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 35 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 36 Punic punic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 37 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 40 Cassell Cassell NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 41 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 43 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 44 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 45 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 46 69 69 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 47 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 48 Warry Warry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 50 Warfare Warfare NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 51 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 53 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 54 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 56 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 863 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 864 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 864 2 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 864 3 Taylor Taylor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 864 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 864 5 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 864 6 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 865 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 865 2 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 865 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 865 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 2 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 3 Infantry Infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 4 Tactics Tactics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 7 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 8 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 9 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 11 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 12 Reevaluation Reevaluation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 866 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 867 1 Historia Historia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 867 2 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 867 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 867 4 301–322 301–322 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 867 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 2 See See NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 3 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 6 Histories Histories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 8 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 9 commentary commentary NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 12 Histories Histories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 15 Rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 18 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 19 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 21 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 22 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 23 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 24 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 25 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 26 Perseus Perseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 27 Project Project NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 28 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 29 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 30 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 31 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 32 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 33 ^ ^ VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 34 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 35 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 36 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 38 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 39 Punic Punic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 40 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 42 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 868 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 2 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 3 Wake Wake NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 5 T. t. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 9 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 10 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 11 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 12 Marius Marius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 13 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 14 Reforms Reforms NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 17 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 18 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 19 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 869 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 870 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 870 2 Harkness Harkness NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 870 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 870 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 870 5 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 870 6 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 870 7 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 870 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 870 9 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 870 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 3 Pierre Pierre NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 4 Brimal Brimal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 7 Civilization Civilization NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 9 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 11 Simon Simon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 13 Schuster Schuster NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 15 1963 1963 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 17 Chap Chap NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 18 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 20 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 21 Conquerors Conquerors NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 23 pg pg NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 24 162–196 162–196 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 25 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 26 Warry warry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 28 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 871 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 872 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 872 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 2 Adrian Adrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 3 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 6 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 7 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 8 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 9 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 11 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 12 BC- bc- NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 13 AD200 AD200 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 16 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 18 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 21 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 873 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 1 179 179 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 3 80 80 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 6 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 7 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 8 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 9 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 12 Punic Punic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 13 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 15 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 874 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 875 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 875 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 876 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 876 2 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 876 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 876 4 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 876 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 876 6 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 876 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 1 138 138 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 3 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 5 Lt Lt NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 6 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 7 Col Col NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 8 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 9 S.G. S.G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 10 Brady Brady NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 12 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 13 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 14 Affairs Affairs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 16 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 17 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 19 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 20 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 22 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 24 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 25 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 26 Time Time NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 28 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 29 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 30 Service Service NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 31 Publishing Publishing NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 32 Company Company NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 33 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 34 1947- 1947- CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 35 url url NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 36 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 37 http://www.digitalattic.org/home/war/romanarmy/ http://www.digitalattic.org/home/war/romanarmy/ UH en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 38 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 39 Nardo Nardo NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 41 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 42 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 43 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 45 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 877 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 878 1 23–29 23–29 LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 878 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 878 3 Brady Brady NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 878 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 878 5 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 878 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 1 cit cit RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 3 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 4 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 5 Warry Warry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 7 pg pg NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 8 169 169 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 9 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 10 170 170 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 11 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 12 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 13 Warry Warry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 15 Warfare Warfare NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 18 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 19 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 21 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 22 169 169 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 23 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 24 170 170 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 25 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 26 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 28 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 29 Punic Punic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 30 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 32 pp.53–62 pp.53–62 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 33 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 34 Lt Lt NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 35 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 36 Col Col NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 37 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 38 S.G. S.G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 39 Brady Brady NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 41 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 42 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 43 Affairs Affairs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 45 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 46 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 47 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 48 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 49 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 51 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 52 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 53 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 54 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 55 Time Time NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 57 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 58 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 59 Service Service NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 60 Publishing Publishing NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 61 Company Company NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 62 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 63 1947 1947 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 64 – – : en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 65 url url NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 66 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 67 http://www.digitalattic.org/home/war/romanarmy/ http://www.digitalattic.org/home/war/romanarmy/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 68 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 69 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 70 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 71 Warry Warry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 72 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 73 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 879 74 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 880 1 159–172 159–172 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 880 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 880 3 Warry warry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 880 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 880 5 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 880 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 881 1 115–169 115–169 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 881 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 881 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 881 4 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 881 5 Polybius Polybius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 881 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 881 7 Histories Histories NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 881 8 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 881 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 1 511 511 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 3 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 5 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 6 Warry Warry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 8 Warfare Warfare NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 11 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 12 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 15 St. St. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 16 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 17 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 19 1980 1980 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 22 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 882 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 1 70 70 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 3 86 86 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 4 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 5 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 8 Punic Punic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 9 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 10 ^ ^ VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 12 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 13 Hans Hans NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 14 Delbrück Delbrück NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 16 Warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 18 Antiquity Antiquity NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 19 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 20 Don Don NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 21 Nardo Nardo NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 23 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 24 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 25 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 26 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 27 Instrument Instrument NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 29 Power Power NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 31 Lucent Lucent NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 32 Books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 33 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 34 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 36 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 37 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 38 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 39 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 40 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 41 opening opening JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 42 scene scene NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 45 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 46 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 47 movie movie NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 48 Gladiator Gladiator NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 50 showing show VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 51 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 52 barbarians barbarian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 53 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 54 vanquished vanquish VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 56 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 57 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 58 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 59 senior senior JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 60 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 61 officers officer NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 62 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 63 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 64 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 65 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 66 attack attack NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 67 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 68 Iraq Iraq NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 69 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 70 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 71 motivational motivational JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 72 tool- tool- NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 73 reported report VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 74 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 75 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 76 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 77 Gordon Gordon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 78 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 79 Bernard Bernard NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 80 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 81 Trainor Trainor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 82 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 83 Cobra Cobra NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 84 II ii CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 85 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 86 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 87 Inside Inside NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 88 Story Story NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 89 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 90 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 91 Invasion Invasion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 92 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 93 Occupation Occupation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 94 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 95 Iraq Iraq NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 96 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 97 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 98 Pantheon Pantheon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 99 Books Books NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 100 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 101 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 102 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 103 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 104 164 164 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 105 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 106 Don Don NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 107 Nardo Nardo NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 108 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 109 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 110 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 111 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 112 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 113 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 883 114 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 884 1 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 884 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 884 3 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 884 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 884 5 Nardo Nardo NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 884 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 884 7 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 884 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 885 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 885 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 885 3 Nardo Nardo NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 885 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 885 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 885 6 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 885 7 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 885 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 885 9 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 885 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 1 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 3 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 6 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 7 Arther Arther NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 8 Ferrill Ferrill NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 10 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 11 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 15 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 17 The The NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 18 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 19 Explanation Explanation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 20 ^ ^ VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 22 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 23 Hans Hans NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 24 Delbrück Delbrück NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 26 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 29 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 31 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 33 Vols Vols NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 886 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 887 1 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 887 2 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 887 3 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 887 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 1 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 3 Nebraska Nebraska NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 4 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 6 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 8 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 9 1920 1920 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 11 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 888 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 2 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 3 Britannica Britannica NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 5 Macropedia Macropedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 7 1974 1974 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 8 ed ed NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 11 Germans Germans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 13 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 15 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 16 Nardo Nardo NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 18 pg pg NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 19 74 74 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 20 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 22 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 23 Nardo Nardo NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 25 pg pg NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 889 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 1 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 3 Tacitus Tacitus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 5 Annals Annals NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 7 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 8 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 9 - - : en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 11 War war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 14 Germans Germans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 17 THE the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 18 REIGN reign NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 19 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 20 TIBERIUS tiberiu NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 22 OUT out IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 23 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 24 THE the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 25 FIRST FIRST NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 26 SIX SIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 27 ANNALS ANNALS NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 28 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 29 TACITUS TACITUS NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 30 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 31 WITH with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 32 HIS his PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 33 ACCOUNT account NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 34 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 35 GERMANY GERMANY NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 37 AND and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 38 LIFE LIFE NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 39 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 40 AGRICOLA AGRICOLA NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 42 TRANSLATED translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 43 BY by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 44 THOMAS THOMAS NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 45 GORDON GORDON NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 47 1917 1917 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 49 url url NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 50 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 51 https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext05/7rtib10.txt https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext05/7rtib10.txt NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 52 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 53 Hans Hans NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 54 Delbrück Delbrück NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 56 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 57 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 59 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 60 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 61 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 63 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 64 Vol Vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 890 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 1 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 3 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 4 510 510 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 7 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 9 Nebraska Nebraska NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 10 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 12 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 14 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 15 1920 1920 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 16 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 17 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 18 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 891 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 892 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 892 2 DENISON DENISON NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 892 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 892 4 GEORGE GEORGE NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 892 5 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 892 6 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 892 7 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 892 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 892 9 Cavalry Cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 892 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 893 1 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 893 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 893 3 earliest early JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 893 4 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 893 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 893 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 893 7 Lessons lesson NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 893 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 893 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 893 10 Future future NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 893 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 2 Macmillan Macmillan NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 4 Co. Co. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 5 1877 1877 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 7 1913 1913 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 9 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 10 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 11 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 12 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 14 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 15 public public JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 16 domain- domain- NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 17 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 18 Google Google NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 19 Books Books NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 20 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 21 Gaius Gaius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 22 Julius Julius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 23 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 25 Commentaries Commentaries NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 26 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 28 Gallic Gallic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 29 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 31 translated translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 894 33 W.A. W.A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 895 1 McDevitte McDevitte NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 895 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 895 3 W.S. W.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 896 1 Bohn Bohn NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 896 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 4 Harper Harper NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 6 Brothers Brothers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 8 1869 1869 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 10 url url NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 12 http://www.forumromanum.org/literature/caesar/gallic_e4.html#32 http://www.forumromanum.org/literature/caesar/gallic_e4.html#32 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 13 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 14 Chariots chariot NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 16 Warfare warfare VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 18 Attitude attitude NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 19 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 20 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 21 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 22 Commentaries Commentaries NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 24 THE the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 25 WAR war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 26 IN in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 27 GAUL GAUL NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 29 THE the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 30 CIVIL CIVIL NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 31 WAR WAR NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 33 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 34 translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 35 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 36 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 37 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 38 MACDEVITT MACDEVITT NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 40 introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 41 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 42 THOMAS THOMAS NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 43 DE DE NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 44 QUINCEY QUINCEY NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 46 1915 1915 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 48 -- -- : en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 49 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 50 Gutenberg Gutenberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 51 Project Project NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 52 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 53 Theodore Theodore NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 54 Dodge Dodge NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 897 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 898 1 1892 1892 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 898 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 1 Cæsar Cæsar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 4 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 7 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 9 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 10 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 12 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 13 Down down IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 16 End end NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 19 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 20 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 899 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 900 1 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 900 2 vol vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 900 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 901 1 Houghton Houghton NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 901 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 901 3 Mifflin Mifflin NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 901 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 901 5 Archer Archer NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 901 6 Jones Jones NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 901 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 902 1 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 902 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 903 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 903 2 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 903 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 903 4 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 903 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 903 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 903 7 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 903 8 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 903 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 904 1 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 904 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 904 3 Illinois Illinois NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 904 4 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 904 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 905 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 905 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 1 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 3 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 4 ^ ^ SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 5 Jones Jones NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 7 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 9 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 10 .. .. . en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 11 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 12 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 13 89 89 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 14 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 15 Stephen Stephen NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 16 Dando Dando NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 18 Collins Collins NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 20 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 906 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 1 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 3 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 6 epic epic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 7 saga saga NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 9 Julius Julius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 10 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 11 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 12 elite elite JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 13 tenth tenth NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 14 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 907 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 908 1 Wiley Wiley NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 908 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 909 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 909 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 910 1 50–69 50–69 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 910 2 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 910 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 910 4 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 910 5 Dando Dando NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 910 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 910 7 Collins Collins NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 910 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 911 1 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 911 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 911 3 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 911 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 912 1 52 52 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 912 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 912 3 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 912 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 912 5 Adrian Adrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 912 6 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 912 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 913 1 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 913 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 913 3 Life life NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 913 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 913 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 913 6 Colossus Colossus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 913 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 914 1 Yale Yale NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 914 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 914 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 914 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 914 5 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 914 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 914 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 914 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 1 3291 3291 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 3 359 359 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 5 Stephen Stephen NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 6 Dando Dando NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 8 Collins Collins NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 10 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 915 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 1 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 3 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 6 epic epic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 7 saga saga NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 9 Julius Julius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 10 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 11 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 12 elite elite JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 13 tenth tenth NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 14 legion legion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 916 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 917 1 Wiley Wiley NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 917 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 918 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 918 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 919 1 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 919 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 919 3 69 69 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 919 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 919 5 Dando Dando NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 919 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 919 7 Collins Collins NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 919 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 920 1 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 920 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 920 3 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 920 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 1 52–68 52–68 LS en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 4 Fifteen Fifteen NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 5 Decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 6 Battles Battles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 7 Of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 9 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 11 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 12 Marathon Marathon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 13 To to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 14 Waterloo Waterloo NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 16 Sir Sir NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 17 Edward Edward NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 18 Creasy Creasy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 20 M.A. M.A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 22 1851 1851 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 23 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 25 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 26 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 28 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 29 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 30 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 31 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 32 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 34 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 35 Appian appian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 37 circa circa NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 38 165 165 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 39 A.D. A.D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 40 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 41 Appian Appian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 43 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 921 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 922 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 922 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 2 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 3 Warry Warry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 5 Warfare Warfare NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 8 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 9 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 11 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 13 Oklahoma Oklahoma NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 14 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 15 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 16 Fronda Fronda NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 18 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 923 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 1 Between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 2 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 4 Carthage Carthage NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 5 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 6 p38 p38 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 8 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 9 Asprey Asprey NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 11 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 14 Shadows shadow NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 16 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 17 Guerrilla Guerrilla NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 19 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 21 Vol Vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 22 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 24 Doubleday Doubleday NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 26 1975 1975 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 28 p p NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 29 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 30 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 31 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 32 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 33 Richard Richard NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 34 Gottheil Gottheil NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 36 Samuel Samuel NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 37 Krauss Krauss NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 39 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 40 Bar Bar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 41 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 42 Kokba Kokba NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 44 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 45 Bar Bar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 46 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 47 Kokba Kokba NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 48 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 49 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 51 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 52 Jewish jewish JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 53 Encyclopedia Encyclopedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 55 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 57 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 58 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 59 Hist Hist NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 924 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 925 1 Rom Rom NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 925 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 926 1 lxix lxix NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 926 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 927 1 ch ch NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 927 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 1 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 3 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 5 Dio Dio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 6 Cassius Cassius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 8 details detail NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 11 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 12 Jewish jewish JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 13 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 928 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 2 Archer Archer NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 3 Jones Jones NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 6 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 8 War war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 11 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 12 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 14 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 16 Illinois Illinois NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 17 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 19 1987 1987 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 21 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 929 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 1 34 34 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 3 92 92 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 5 267 267 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 6 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 7 381 381 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 8 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 10 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 11 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 12 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 13 http://romanmilitary.net/strategy/resource http://romanmilitary.net/strategy/resource NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 14 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 15 Denison Denison NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 17 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 19 Cavalry Cavalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 21 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 930 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 931 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 931 2 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 931 3 Plutarch plutarch NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 931 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 932 1 Life Life NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 932 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 932 3 Crassus Crassus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 932 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 932 5 31.7 31.7 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 932 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 933 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 933 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 933 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 933 4 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 933 5 d d NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 933 6 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 933 7 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 933 8 Denison Denison NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 933 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 933 10 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 933 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 2 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 3 Xenophon Xenophon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 5 Anabasis Anabasis NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 7 Loeb Loeb NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 8 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 9 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 10 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 12 1998 1998 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 934 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 3 classic classic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 4 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 7 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 8 discussion discussion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 10 anti anti JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 11 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 12 cavalry cavalry JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 13 problems problem NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 15 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 16 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 17 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 18 formation- formation- NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 20 Hellenic Hellenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 21 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 23 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 25 weaknesses weakness NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 28 hollow hollow NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 29 square square JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 30 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 31 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 33 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 34 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 35 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 37 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 39 Volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 40 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 935 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 936 1 1915 1915 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 936 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 937 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 937 2 Sir Sir NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 937 3 Percy Percy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 937 4 Molesworth Molesworth NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 937 5 Sykes Sykes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 937 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 938 1 pg pg NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 938 2 385 385 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 938 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 938 4 386 386 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 938 5 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 938 6 Rose Rose NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 938 7 Mary Mary NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 938 8 Sheldon Sheldon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 938 9 -2010 -2010 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 938 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 1 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 3 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 5 Parthia Parthia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 6 _ _ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 7 Blood Blood NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 10 Sand Sand NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 12 Vallentine Vallentine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 13 Mitchell Mitchell NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 14 p p NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 15 60 60 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 16 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 17 Arther Arther NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 18 Ferrill Ferrill NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 20 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 21 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 24 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 25 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 26 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 27 The The NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 28 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 29 Explanation Explanation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 32 Thames Thames NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 33 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 34 Hudson Hudson NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 36 1986 1986 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 38 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 39 114 114 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 40 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 41 157 157 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 42 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 43 Marcellinus Marcellinus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 45 Ammianus Ammianus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 47 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 48 Later Later NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 49 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 50 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 52 translated translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 53 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 54 Hamilton Hamilton NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 56 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 57 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 58 Penguin Penguin NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 60 1987 1987 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 61 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 939 62 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 3 Chris Chris NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 4 Cornuelle Cornuelle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 6 An An NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 7 Overview Overview NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 10 Sassanian Sassanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 11 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 12 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 15 n.d n.d NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 18 retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 19 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 20 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 21 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 22 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 23 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 24 Chamber Chamber NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 25 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 26 http://www.iranchamber.com/history/articles/overview_sassanian_persian_military2.php http://www.iranchamber.com/history/articles/overview_sassanian_persian_military2.php NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 27 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 28 Marcellinus Marcellinus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 30 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 940 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 941 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 941 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 2 Arther Arther NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 3 Ferrill Ferrill NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 6 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 9 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 10 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 12 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 942 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 1 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 3 190 190 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 5 Arther Arther NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 6 Ferrill Ferrill NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 9 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 12 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 13 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 15 The The NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 16 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 17 Explanation Explanation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 19 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 943 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 944 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 944 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 2 Ferrill Ferrill NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 4 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 7 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 8 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 9 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 11 190 190 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 12 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 13 Ferrill Ferrill NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 15 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 18 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 19 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 20 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 21 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 22 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 23 190 190 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 24 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 25 Hugh Hugh NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 26 Elton Elton NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 28 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 30 Frontiers Frontiers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 33 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 34 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 36 pg pg NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 37 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 38 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 39 131 131 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 40 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 41 Edward Edward NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 42 Luttwak Luttwak NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 44 Grand Grand NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 45 Strategy Strategy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 48 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 49 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 51 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 52 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 53 Johns Johns NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 54 Hopkins Hopkins NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 55 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 56 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 57 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 58 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 59 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 60 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 61 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 62 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 63 Ferrill Ferrill NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 64 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 65 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 945 66 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 3 Quoted quote VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 5 Denison Denison NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 8 92 92 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 9 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 10 Grimal Grimal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 12 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 946 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 2 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 4 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 5 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 8 Punic Punic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 9 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 11 98 98 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 12 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 13 162 162 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 14 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 15 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 17 op op NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 947 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 1 cit cit NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 2 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 3 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 4 Fronda Fronda NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 6 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 8 Between between IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 9 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 11 Carthage Carthage NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 12 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 13 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 14 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 15 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 16 Grimal Grimal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 18 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 19 Civilization Civilization NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 21 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 23 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 24 98 98 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 25 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 26 102 102 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 27 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 28 Grimal Grimal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 30 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 31 104 104 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 32 Sources[edit sources[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 33 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 34 Primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 35 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 36 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 37 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 38 Commentarii Commentarii NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 39 de de IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 40 Bello Bello NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 41 Gallico Gallico NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 42 Vegetius Vegetius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 43 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 44 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 45 Re Re NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 46 Militari Militari NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 47 Notitia Notitia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 48 Dignitatum Dignitatum NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 49 Secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 50 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 51 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 52 Later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 53 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 54 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 55 Tactics Tactics NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 56 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 57 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 58 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 59 Koepfer Koepfer NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 948 61 F.W. F.W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 1 Himmler Himmler NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 3 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 4 Löffl Löffl NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 6 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 9 Die die JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 10 römische römische NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 11 Armee Armee NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 12 i -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 13 m be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 14 Experiment Experiment NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 16 Region Region NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 17 i -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 18 m be VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 19 Umbruch Umbruch NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 21 Band Band NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 22 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 949 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 950 1 Frank Frank NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 950 2 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 950 3 Timme Timme NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 950 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 950 5 Berlin Berlin NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 950 6 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 950 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 950 8 267–286 267–286 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 950 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 1 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 2 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 3 essay essay NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 5 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 6 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 8 cavalry cavalry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 9 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 11 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 12 194 194 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 14 378 378 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 951 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 1 Ross Ross NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 2 Cowan Cowan NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 4 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 5 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 6 Tactics Tactics NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 8 109 109 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 9 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 11 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 12 313 313 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 952 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 953 1 Osprey Osprey NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 953 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 953 3 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 953 4 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 953 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 1 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 3 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 4 clearly clearly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 5 explains explain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 7 illustrates illustrate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 9 mechanics mechanic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 11 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 12 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 13 commanders commander NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 14 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 15 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 16 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 17 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 18 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 19 drew draw VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 20 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 22 committed commit VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 23 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 24 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 25 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 27 troops troop NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 28 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 29 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 31 field field NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 32 battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 954 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 1 Adrian Adrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 2 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 4 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 8 Punic Punic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 9 Wars Wars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 11 Cassell Cassell NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 12 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 13 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 14 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 15 breakdown breakdown NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 17 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 18 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 20 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 22 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 24 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 26 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 27 opponents opponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 955 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 1 Analyzes analyze VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 2 strengths strength NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 4 weaknesses weakness NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 8 military military NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 10 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 11 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 12 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 13 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 15 beat beat VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 17 sophisticated sophisticated JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 18 Carthage carthage NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 19 Arther Arther NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 20 Ferrill Ferrill NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 22 1986 1986 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 25 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 26 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 29 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 30 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 31 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 32 The The NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 33 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 34 Explanation Explanation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 36 Thames Thames NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 37 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 38 Hudson Hudson NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 39 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 40 Focuses focus VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 41 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 42 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 43 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 44 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 45 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 47 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 49 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 50 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 51 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 52 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 53 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 54 plethora plethora NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 55 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 56 theories theory NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 57 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 58 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 59 overpopulation overpopulation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 61 shrinking shrink VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 62 tax tax NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 63 bases basis NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 64 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 65 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 66 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 67 struggle struggle NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 68 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 70 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 956 71 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 957 1 Reemphasizes reemphasize VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 957 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 957 3 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 957 4 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 957 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 957 6 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 957 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-2371 957 8 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 957 9 demise demise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 957 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 1 Compares compare VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 4 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 5 reserve reserve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 7 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 9 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 10 decades decade NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 11 o o IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 13 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 15 forward forward RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 17 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 19 keeping keep VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 21 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 22 fighting fighting NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 23 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 24 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 25 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 26 combat combat NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 27 zones zone NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 958 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 1 Ferrill Ferrill NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 3 tackles tackle VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 5 weakening weakening NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 6 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 9 barbarization barbarization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 12 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 15 core core NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 16 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 17 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 18 legions legion NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 959 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 2 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 3 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 4 argued argue VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 5 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 6 … … NFP en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 10 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 12 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 14 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 15 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 17 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 18 phenomenon phenomenon NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 960 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 961 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 961 2 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 961 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 961 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 961 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 961 6 exactly exactly RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 961 7 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 961 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 2 410 410 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 4 emperor emperor NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 7 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 8 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 9 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 10 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 11 project project VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 12 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 13 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 16 frontiers frontier NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 962 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 1 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 2     _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 4 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 7 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 8 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 10 The The NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 11 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 12 Explanation Explanation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 14 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 15 164 164 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 16 Adrian Adrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 17 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 19 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 22 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 23 Complete Complete NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 24 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 25 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 27 Thames Thames NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 28 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 29 Hudson Hudson NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 30 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 31 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 32 volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 33 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 34 covering cover VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 36 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 37 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 39 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 40 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 42 biggest big JJS en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 43 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 44 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 45 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 47 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 48 military military NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 963 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 1 Goldsworthy Goldsworthy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 2 covers cover VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 4 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 5 Republican republican JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 6 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 7 down down RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 10 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 11 Imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 12 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 13 demise demise NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 15 tracing trace VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 16 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 18 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 20 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 22 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 24 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 25 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-2371 964 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 2 notes note VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 4 details detail NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 7 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 8 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 9 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 11 training training NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 13 battlefield battlefield NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 14 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 16 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 17 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 19 bigger big JJR en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 20 picture picture NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 21 strategy strategy NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 24 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 25 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 26 impacted impact VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 27 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 28 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 965 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 2 assesses assess VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 3 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 4 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 6 Romans Romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 7 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 10 ineffective ineffective JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 12 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 15 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 16 eras era NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 966 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 1 Edward Edward NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 2 Luttwak Luttwak NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 4 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 7 Grand Grand NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 8 Strategy Strategy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 11 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 12 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 14 Thames Thames NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 15 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 16 Hudson Hudson NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 17 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 18 Prominent prominent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 19 advocate advocate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 22 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 24 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 25 reserve reserve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 26 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 967 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 1 Hans Hans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 2 Delbrück Delbrück NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 4 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 7 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 10 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 12 War war NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 14 Warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 16 Antiquity Antiquity NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 18 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 20 Nebraska Nebraska NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 21 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 22 Prominent prominent JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 23 advocate advocate NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 26 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 28 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 29 reserve reserve NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 30 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 968 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 5 8032 8032 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 7 9199-X 9199-x CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 8 Xenophon Xenophon NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 10 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 13 Anabasis Anabasis NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 15 Loeb Loeb NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 16 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 17 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 18 — — : en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 19 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 20 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 21 classic classic JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 22 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 23 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 25 detailed detailed JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 26 discussion discussion NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 28 anti anti JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 29 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 30 cavalry cavalry JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 31 problems problem NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 33 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 34 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 35 infantry infantry NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 36 formation- formation- NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 38 Hellenic Hellenic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 39 phalanx phalanx NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 41 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 43 weaknesses weakness NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 46 hollow hollow JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 47 square square JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 48 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 969 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 1 External External NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 2 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 4 Later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 5 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 6 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 7 Tactics Tactics NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 8 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 9 hanging hang VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 10 Formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 12 Specialists Specialists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 14 Aspects aspect NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 16 Later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 17 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 18 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 19 Tactics Tactics NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 20 v v IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 21 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 22 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 23 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 24 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 25 topics topic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 26 Outline Outline NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 27 Timeline Timeline NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 28 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 29 Foundation Foundation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 30 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 31 overthrow overthrow VB en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 32 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 33 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 34 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 35 Pax Pax NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 36 Romana Romana NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 37 Principate Principate NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 38 Dominate Dominate NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 39 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 40 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 41 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 42 historiography historiography NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 45 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 46 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 47 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 48 decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 49 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 50 Constitution Constitution NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 51 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 52 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 53 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 54 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 55 Late Late NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 56 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 57 Senate Senate NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 58 Legislative legislative JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 59 assemblies assembly NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 60 Curiate curiate VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 61 Centuriate Centuriate NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 62 Tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 63 Plebeian plebeian JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 64 Executive executive JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 65 magistrates magistrate NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 66 SPQR SPQR NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 67 Law Law NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 68 Twelve Twelve NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 69 Tables Tables NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 70 Mos Mos NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 71 maiorum maiorum NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 72 Citizenship Citizenship NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 73 Auctoritas Auctoritas NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 74 Imperium Imperium NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 75 Status Status NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 76 Litigation Litigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 77 Government Government NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 78 Curia Curia NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 79 Forum Forum NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 80 Cursus Cursus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 81 honorum honorum NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 82 Collegiality Collegiality NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 83 Emperor Emperor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 84 Legatus Legatus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 85 Dux Dux NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 86 Officium Officium NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 87 Prefect Prefect NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 88 Vicarius Vicarius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 89 Vigintisexviri Vigintisexviri NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 90 Lictor Lictor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 91 Magister Magister NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 92 militum militum NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 93 Imperator Imperator NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 94 Princeps Princeps NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 95 senatus senatus NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 96 Pontifex Pontifex NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 97 Maximus Maximus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 98 Augustus Augustus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 99 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 100 Tetrarch Tetrarch NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 101 Optimates Optimates NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 102 Populares Populares NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 103 Province Province NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 104 Magistrates magistrate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 105 Ordinary Ordinary NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 106 Consul Consul NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 107 Censor Censor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 108 Praetor Praetor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 109 Tribune Tribune NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 110 Tribune Tribune NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 111 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 112 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 113 Plebs Plebs NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 114 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 115 tribune tribune NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 116 Quaestor Quaestor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 117 Aedile Aedile NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 118 Promagistrate Promagistrate NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 119 Governor Governor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 120 Extraordinary Extraordinary NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 121 Rex Rex NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 122 Interrex Interrex NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 123 Dictator Dictator NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 124 Magister Magister NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 125 Equitum Equitum NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 126 Decemviri Decemviri NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 127 Consular Consular NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 128 Tribune Tribune NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 129 Triumvir Triumvir NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 130 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 131 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 132 Borders Borders NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 133 Establishment Establishment NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 134 Structure Structure NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 135 Campaigns campaign VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 136 Political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 137 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 138 Strategy Strategy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 139 Engineering Engineering NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 140 Frontiers Frontiers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 141 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 142 fortifications fortification NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 143 castra castra NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 144 Technology Technology NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 145 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 146 Legion Legion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 147 Infantry Infantry NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 148 tactics tactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 149 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 150 equipment equipment NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 151 Siege Siege NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 152 engines engine VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 153 Navy Navy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 154 Auxiliaries Auxiliaries NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 155 Decorations Decorations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 156 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 157 punishments punishment NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 158 Hippika Hippika NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 159 gymnasia gymnasia NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 160 Economy Economy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 161 Agriculture Agriculture NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 162 Deforestation Deforestation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 163 Commerce Commerce NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 164 Finance Finance NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 165 Currency Currency NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 166 Republican republican JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 167 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 168 Imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 169 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 170 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 171 Architecture Architecture NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 172 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 173 Bathing bathe VBG en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 174 Calendar Calendar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 175 Clothing Clothing NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 176 Cosmetics Cosmetics NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 177 Cuisine Cuisine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 178 Hairstyles Hairstyles NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 179 Education Education NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 180 Literature Literature NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 181 Music Music NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 182 Mythology Mythology NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 183 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 184 Deities Deities NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 185 Romanization Romanization NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 186 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 187 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 188 Sexuality Sexuality NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 189 Theatre Theatre NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 190 Wine Wine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 191 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 192 Patricians Patricians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 193 Plebs plebs VBP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 194 Conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 195 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 196 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 197 Orders order NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 198 Secessio Secessio NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 199 plebis plebi VBD en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 200 Equites equite NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 201 Gens Gens NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 202 Tribes Tribes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 203 Assembly Assembly NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 204 Naming Naming NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 205 conventions convention NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 206 Demography Demography NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 207 Women Women NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 208 Marriage Marriage NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 209 Adoption adoption NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 210 Slavery Slavery NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 211 Bagaudae Bagaudae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 212 Technology Technology NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 213 Amphitheatres Amphitheatres NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 214 Aqueducts aqueduct VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 215 Bridges Bridges NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 216 Circuses circuse VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 217 Civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 218 engineering engineering NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 219 Concrete concrete NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 220 Domes Domes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 221 Metallurgy Metallurgy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 222 Numerals Numerals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 223 Roads Roads NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 224 Temples Temples NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 225 Theatres theatre NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 226 Sanitation Sanitation NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 227 Thermae Thermae NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 228 Latin latin JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 229 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 230 Alphabet Alphabet NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 231 Versions Versions NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 232 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 233 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 234 Vulgar Vulgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 235 Late Late NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 236 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 237 Renaissance Renaissance NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 238 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 239 Contemporary Contemporary NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 240 Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 241 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 242 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 243 Writers Writers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 244 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 245 Aelius Aelius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 246 Donatus Donatus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 247 Ammianus Ammianus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 248 Marcellinus Marcellinus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 249 Appuleius Appuleius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 250 Asconius Asconius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 251 Pedianus Pedianus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 252 Augustine Augustine NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 253 Aurelius Aurelius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 254 Victor Victor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 255 Ausonius Ausonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 256 Boëthius Boëthius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 257 Caesar Caesar NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 258 Catullus Catullus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 259 Cassiodorus Cassiodorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 260 Censorinus Censorinus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 261 Cicero Cicero NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 262 Claudian Claudian NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 263 Columella Columella NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 264 Cornelius Cornelius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 265 Nepos Nepos NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 266 Ennius Ennius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 267 Eutropius Eutropius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 268 Fabius Fabius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 269 Pictor Pictor NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 270 Sextus Sextus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 271 Pompeius Pompeius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 272 Festus Festus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 273 Rufus Rufus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 274 Festus Festus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 275 Florus Florus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 276 Frontinus Frontinus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 277 Fronto Fronto NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 278 Fulgentius Fulgentius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 279 Gellius Gellius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 280 Horace Horace NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 281 Hydatius Hydatius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 282 Hyginus Hyginus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 283 Jerome Jerome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 284 Jordanes Jordanes NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 285 Julius Julius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 286 Paulus Paulus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 287 Justin Justin NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 288 Juvenal Juvenal NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 289 Lactantius Lactantius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 290 Livy Livy NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 291 Lucan Lucan NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 292 Lucretius Lucretius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 293 Macrobius Macrobius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 294 Marcellus Marcellus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 295 Empiricus Empiricus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 296 Marcus Marcus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 297 Aurelius Aurelius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 298 Manilius Manilius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 299 Martial Martial NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 300 Nicolaus Nicolaus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 301 Damascenus Damascenus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 302 Nonius Nonius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 303 Marcellus Marcellus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 304 Obsequens Obsequens NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 305 Orosius Orosius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 306 Ovid Ovid NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 307 Petronius Petronius NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 308 Phaedrus Phaedrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 309 Plautus Plautus NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 310 Pliny Pliny NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 311 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 312 Elder Elder NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 313 Pliny Pliny NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 314 the the 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https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_infantry_tactics&oldid=995925334 NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 472 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 473 Categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 474 : : : en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 475 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 476 tactical tactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 477 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 478 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 479 units unit NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 480 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 481 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 482 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 483 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 484 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 485 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 486 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 487 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 488 Rome Rome NNP en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 489 Hidden hide VBN en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 490 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-2371 970 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