id sid tid token lemma pos cord-321868-xk4yuibj 1 1 key key NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 1 2 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 2 1 cord-321868-xk4yuibj cord-321868-xk4yuibj NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 1 authors author NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 2 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 3 Belcourt Belcourt NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 5 Michael Michael NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 6 F. F. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 7 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 8 Farabaugh Farabaugh NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 10 Philip Philip NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 11 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 12 title title NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 13 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 14 Ribosomal Ribosomal NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 15 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 16 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 18 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 19 retrotransposon retrotransposon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 20 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 3 21 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 1 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 2 induce induce VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 3 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 4 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 6 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 7 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 8 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 9 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 10 date date NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 11 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 12 1990 1990 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 13 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 14 07 07 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 15 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 16 27 27 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 17 journal journal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 4 18 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 5 1 Cell cell NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 5 2 DOI doi NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 5 3 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 5 4 10.1016/0092 10.1016/0092 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 5 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 5 6 8674(90)90371-k 8674(90)90371-k CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 5 7 sha sha NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 5 8 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 6 1 f65bd12c7c03725e764af2781e0142d6ea2a22c9 f65bd12c7c03725e764af2781e0142d6ea2a22c9 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 6 2 doc_id doc_id NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 6 3 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 6 4 321868 321868 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 6 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 6 6 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 7 1 xk4yuibj xk4yuibj NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 1 Abstract Abstract NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 2 Ribosomal Ribosomal NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 3 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 4 regulates regulate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 5 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 8 TYB TYB NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 9 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 11 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 12 Ty ty NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 13 retrotransposons retrotransposon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 8 14 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 2 previously previously RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 3 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 6 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 7 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 8 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 9 conserved conserve VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 10 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 11 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 12 families family NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 14 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 15 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 16 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 17 necessary necessary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 18 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 19 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 20 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 21 support support VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 22 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 23 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 9 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 2 work work NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 3 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 5 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 6 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 8 these these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 9 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 10 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 11 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 12 needed need VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 13 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 14 normal normal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 15 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 17 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 10 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 1 Any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 2 change change NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 3 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 5 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 6 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 8 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 9 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 10 C C NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 11 drastically drastically RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 12 reduces reduce VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 13 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 14 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 15 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 16 suggests suggest VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 17 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 18 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 19 specific specific JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 20 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 21 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 22 tRNALeu tRNALeu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 23 UAG UAG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 24 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 25 tRNAArg tRNAArg NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 26 CCU CCU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 27 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 28 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 29 involved involve VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 30 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 31 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 32 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 11 33 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 2 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 3 overproduction overproduction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 4 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 5 suggest suggest VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 6 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 7 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 8 leucyl leucyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 9 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 10 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 12 probably probably RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 13 tRNALeu tRNALeu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 14 UAG UAG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 16 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 17 unusual unusual JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 18 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 19 isoacceptor isoacceptor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 20 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 21 recognizes recognize VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 22 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 23 six six CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 24 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 25 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 27 slips slip VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 28 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 29 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 30 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 31 Leu Leu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 32 onto onto IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 33 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 34 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 35 Leu Leu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 37 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 38 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 39 +1 +1 HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 40 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 41 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 43 during during IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 44 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 45 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 46 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 47 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 48 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 49 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 50 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 51 Arg arg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 52 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 53 induced induce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 54 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 55 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 56 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 57 availability availability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 58 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 59 tRNAArg tRNAArg NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 60 CCU CCU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 61 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 62 encoded encode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 63 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 64 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 65 single single JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 66 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 67 copy copy NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 68 essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 69 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 12 70 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 13 1 Frameshifting Frameshifting NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 13 2 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 13 3 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 13 4 directional directional JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 13 5 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 13 6 reading read VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 13 7 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 13 8 specific specific JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 13 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 3 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 4 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 5 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 6 when when WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 8 “ " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 9 slip slip NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 10 ” " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 11 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 12 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 13 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 14 located locate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 15 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 16 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 17 downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 19 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 20 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 21 four four CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 22 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 23 more more JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 24 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 25 downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 27 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 28 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 29 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 30 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 31 codon codon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 14 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 1 Establishment establishment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 4 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 5 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 6 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 7 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 8 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 9 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 10 during during IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 11 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 13 protein protein NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 14 synthesis synthesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 15 when when WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 17 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 18 AUG AUG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 19 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 20 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 22 mRNA mrna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 23 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 24 located locate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 25 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 26 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 27 component component NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 28 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 30 scanning scanning NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 31 40s 40 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 32 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 33 complex complex NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 34 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 35 tRNAy trnay CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 36 * * NFP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 38 Cigan Cigan NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 39 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 40 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 41 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 42 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 43 1966 1966 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 15 45 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 1 Following follow VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 2 60s 60 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 3 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 4 assembly assembly NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 6 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 7 continues continue VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 9 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 10 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 11 steps step NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 12 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 13 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 14 very very RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 15 high high JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 16 degree degree NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 18 accuracy accuracy NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 20 reflecting reflect VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 22 fact fact NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 23 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 24 maintenance maintenance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 25 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 27 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 28 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 29 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 30 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 31 essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 32 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 33 useful useful JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 34 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 35 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 16 36 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 17 1 Expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 17 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 17 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 17 4 NB NB NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 17 5 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 17 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 17 7 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 1 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 2 retrotransposons retrotransposon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 3 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 4 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 5 disruption disruption NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 7 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 8 highly highly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 9 accurate accurate JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 10 translocation translocation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 11 mechanism mechanism NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 12 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 13 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 14 approaching approach VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 15 50 50 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 18 16 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 2 Clare Clare NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 7 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 8 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 9 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 10 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 11 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 12 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 14 1986 1986 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 19 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 20 1 How how WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 20 2 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 20 3 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 20 4 level level NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 20 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 20 6 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 20 7 inaccuracy inaccuracy NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 20 8 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 20 9 achieved achieve VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 20 10 ? ? . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 2 Tyl Tyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 3 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 4 Ty2 ty2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 5 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 6 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 7 members member NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 9 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 10 family family NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 12 retrotransposons retrotransposon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 13 found find VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 14 dispersed disperse VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 15 throughout throughout IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 17 genome genome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 20 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 21 Saccharomyces Saccharomyces NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 22 cerevisiae cerevisiae NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 24 Cameron Cameron NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 25 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 26 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 27 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 28 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 29 1979 1979 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 21 31 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 2 consist consist VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 4 0.33 0.33 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 5 kb kb NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 6 terminal terminal NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 7 direct direct NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 8 repeats repeat NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 9 called call VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 10 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 11 delta delta NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 12 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 14 6 6 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 16 flanking flank VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 17 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 18 5.3 5.3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 19 kb kb NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 20 internal internal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 21 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 22 termed term VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 23 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 24 epsilon epsilon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 25 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 27 E e NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 22 29 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 1 Along along IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 2 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 3 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 4 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 5 higher high JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 6 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 8 reviewed review VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 9 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 10 Varmus Varmus NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 12 1983 1983 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 15 copia copia NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 16 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 17 like like JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 18 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 19 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 20 Drosophila drosophila JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 23 21 species specie NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 2 Emori Emori NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 7 1985 1985 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 8 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 9 Mount Mount NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 10 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 11 Rubin Rubin NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 13 1985 1985 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 16 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 17 LlMd LlMd NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 24 19 mice mouse NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 2 Loeb Loeb NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 7 1986 1986 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 10 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 11 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 12 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 13 members member NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 14 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 15 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 16 family family NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 18 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 19 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 20 replicate replicate VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 21 via via IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 22 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 24 intermediate intermediate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 25 25 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 1 Encoded encode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 2 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 3 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 4 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 5 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 6 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 7 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 9 NA NA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 10 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 11 NB NB NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 26 12 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 1 Ty ty JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 2 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 3 replicate replicate VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 4 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 6 retroviral retroviral NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 8 like like JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 9 mechanism mechanism NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 11 Boeke Boeke NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 12 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 13 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 14 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 16 1985 1985 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 18 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 19 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 20 virus virus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 21 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 22 like like JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 23 particle particle NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 24 encoded encode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 25 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 27 products product NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 28 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 30 NA NA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 31 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 32 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 33 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 34 analog analog NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 35 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 36 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 37 retroviral retroviral JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 38 gag gag NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 39 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 41 Adams Adams NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 42 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 43 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 44 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 45 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 46 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 47 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 48 Garfinkel Garfinkel NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 49 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 50 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 51 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 52 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 53 1965 1965 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 54 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 55 Mellor Mellor NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 56 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 57 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 58 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 59 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 60 1985b 1985b CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 27 62 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 2 NB NB NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 3 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 4 includes include VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 5 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 6 homologies homology NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 7 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 8 retroviral retroviral JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 9 pal pal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 10 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 12 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 13 encode encode VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 15 reverse reverse JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 16 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 18 integrase integrase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 20 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 21 protease protease NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 22 proteins protein NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 28 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 1 As as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 2 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 3 many many JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 4 avian avian JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 5 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 6 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 7 retroviral retroviral NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 8 pal pal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 9 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 11 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 13 NB NB NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 14 requires require VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 15 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 16 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 18 Clare Clare NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 19 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 20 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 21 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 22 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 23 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 29 25 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 1 TYB TYB NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 3 like like IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 4 pal pal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 6 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 7 expressed express VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 8 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 9 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 10 protein protein NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 11 fusion fusion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 12 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 14 product product NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 15 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 17 upstream upstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 18 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 20 NA NA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 22 Clare Clare NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 23 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 24 Farabaugh Farabaugh NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 25 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 26 1985 1985 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 27 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 28 Mellor Mellor NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 29 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 30 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 31 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 32 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 33 1985a 1985a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 30 35 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 1 While while IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 2 retroviral retroviral JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 3 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 4 events event NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 5 occur occur VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 6 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 8 -1 -1 JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 9 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 11 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 12 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 14 overlap overlap NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 15 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 17 gag gag NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 19 pal pal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 20 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 21 sometimes sometimes RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 22 pro pro JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 23 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 31 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 32 1 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 32 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 32 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 32 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 33 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 33 2 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 33 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 33 4 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 33 5 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 33 6 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 33 7 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 34 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 34 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 34 3 1988b 1988b CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 34 4 Jacks Jacks NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 34 5 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 34 6 Varmus Varmus NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 34 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 34 8 1985 1985 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 34 9 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 35 1 Moore Moore NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 35 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 35 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 35 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 2 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 3 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 4 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 5 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 6 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 7 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 9 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 12 Ty ty NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 13 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 14 events event NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 15 occur occur VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 16 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 18 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 19 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 20 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 21 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 23 38 38 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 24 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 25 44 44 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 26 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 27 overlap overlap NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 28 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 29 NA NA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 30 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 31 NB NB NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 36 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 2 fact fact NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 5 recently recently RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 6 showed show VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 7 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 8 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 9 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 10 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 11 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 13 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 14 overlap overlap NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 15 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 16 necessary necessary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 18 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 19 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 20 promote promote VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 21 normal normal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 22 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 23 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 24 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 37 25 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 38 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 38 2 Clare Clare NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 38 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 38 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 38 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 38 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 38 7 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 38 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 38 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 2 Rous rous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 3 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 4 virus virus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 6 RSV RSV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 9 mouse mouse NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 10 mammary mammary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 11 tumor tumor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 12 virus virus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 14 MMTV MMTV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 18 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 19 avian avian JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 20 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 21 infectious infectious JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 22 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 23 virus virus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 25 IBV IBV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 27 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 29 secondary secondary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 30 structure structure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 31 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 32 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 33 form form NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 34 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 35 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 36 pseudoknot pseudoknot NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 37 plays play VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 38 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 39 critical critical JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 40 role role NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 41 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 42 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 43 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 44 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 45 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 46 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 47 presumably presumably RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 48 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 49 causing cause VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 50 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 51 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 52 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 53 stall stall VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 54 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 55 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 56 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 57 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 39 58 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 40 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 40 2 Brierley Brierley NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 40 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 40 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 40 5 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 41 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 41 2 1989 1989 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 41 3 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 41 4 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 41 5 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 41 6 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 41 7 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 41 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 41 9 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 42 1 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 42 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 42 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 42 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 43 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 43 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 43 3 1988a 1988a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 43 4 Moore Moore NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 43 5 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 43 6 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 43 7 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 43 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 43 9 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 43 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 43 11 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 2 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 4 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 5 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 6 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 7 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 8 contains contain VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 9 no no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 10 obvious obvious JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 11 secondary secondary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 12 structure structure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 44 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 2 addition addition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 4 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 5 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 6 lack lack VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 8 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 9 homopolymeric homopolymeric NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 10 run run NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 12 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 14 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 15 slippery slippery JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 16 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 17 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 19 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 21 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 22 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 23 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 24 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 25 characterizes characterize VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 26 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 27 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 28 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 29 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 30 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 45 31 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 46 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 46 2 Brierley Brierley NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 46 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 46 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 46 5 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 47 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 47 2 1989 1989 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 47 3 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 47 4 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 47 5 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 47 6 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 47 7 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 47 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 47 9 1988a 1988a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 47 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 47 11 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 2 these these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 3 systems system NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 6 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 7 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 9 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 12 A A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 13 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 14 P p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 15 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 18 translating translate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 19 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 20 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 22 homopolymeric homopolymeric JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 23 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 24 results result VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 25 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 26 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 27 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 28 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 30 pro pro JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 31 orpol orpol JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 32 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 33 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 34 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 35 suppression suppression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 36 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 37 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 38 gag gag NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 39 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 40 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 41 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 48 42 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 49 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 49 2 appears appear VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 49 3 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 49 4 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 49 5 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 49 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 49 7 case case NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 49 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 49 9 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 49 10 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 49 11 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 50 1 An an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 50 2 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 50 3 Vivo Vivo NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 50 4 Assay Assay NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 50 5 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 50 6 Frameshifting Frameshifting NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 1 All all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 2 constructions construction NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 3 involve involve VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 5 use use NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 7 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 8 HIS4A::lacZ HIS4A::lacZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 9 fusion fusion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 10 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 11 contained contain VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 12 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 13 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 14 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 15 pm p.m. NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 16 DNA dna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 17 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 18 based base VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 19 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 20 whose whose WP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 21 construction construction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 22 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 23 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 24 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 25 Experimental Experimental NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 26 Procedures procedure NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 28 Figure figure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 29 1 1 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 51 31 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 2 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 3 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 4 present present JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 5 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 6 four four CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 7 copies copy NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 8 per per IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 9 cell cell NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 11 Farabaugh Farabaugh NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 12 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 13 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 14 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 16 1989 1989 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 52 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 1 Oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 2 containing contain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 3 various various JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 4 versions version NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 7 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 8 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 9 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 10 introduced introduce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 11 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 13 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 14 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 15 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 16 pMB25 pmb25 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 18 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 20 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 21 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 22 Kpnl Kpnl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 23 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 24 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 25 pMB38 pMB38 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 53 26 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 54 1 Transcription transcription NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 54 2 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 54 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 54 4 HIS4 HIS4 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 54 5 promoter promoter NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 54 6 produce8 produce8 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 1 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 2 mRNA mrna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 3 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 4 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 5 overlapping overlap VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 6 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 7 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 9 5 5 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 10 ' ' POS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 11 proximal proximal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 12 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 13 derived derive VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 14 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 16 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 17 100 100 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 18 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 19 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 21 HIS4A HIS4A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 22 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 23 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 24 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 25 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 27 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 28 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 29 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 30 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 31 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 32 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 33 3'proximal 3'proximal CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 34 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 35 derived derive VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 36 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 37 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 38 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 39 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 40 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 41 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 42 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 55 43 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 1 Production production NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 4 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 5 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 6 product product NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 8 pgalactosidase pgalactosidase NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 10 depends depend VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 11 upon upon IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 12 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 13 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 14 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 15 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 16 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 18 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 19 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 20 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 21 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 23 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 24 introduced introduce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 25 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 27 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 56 28 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 2 rate rate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 4 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 5 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 6 measured measure VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 7 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 8 determining determine VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 10 ratio ratio NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 12 8-galactosidase 8-galactosidase CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 13 activity activity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 14 produced produce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 15 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 16 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 17 construct construct NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 18 requiring require VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 19 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 20 + + SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 21 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 22 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 23 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 24 express express VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 25 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 26 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 27 that that DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 28 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 29 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 30 construct construct NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 31 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 32 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 33 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 34 upstream upstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 35 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 36 downstream downstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 37 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 38 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 39 fused fuse VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 40 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 41 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 57 42 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 1 As as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 2 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 3 below below RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 6 rate rate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 8 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 9 measured measure VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 11 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 12 way way NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 13 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 14 high high JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 16 usually usually RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 17 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 18 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 19 range range NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 21 40 40 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 22 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 23 ; ; , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 24 however however RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 25 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 26 experimental experimental JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 27 variation variation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 28 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 29 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 30 rate rate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 31 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 32 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 33 both both CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 34 upward upward RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 35 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 36 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 37 range range NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 38 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 39 80 80 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 40 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 41 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 42 downward downward RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 43 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 44 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 45 range range NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 46 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 47 20 20 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 48 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 58 49 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 2 variation variation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 3 results result VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 4 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 5 unknown unknown JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 6 effects effect NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 9 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 10 context context NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 12 individual individual JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 13 constructions construction NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 14 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 15 slight slight JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 16 variations variation NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 17 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 18 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 19 physiology physiology NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 21 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 22 transformants transformant NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 59 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 2 will will MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 3 describe describe VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 4 as as RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 5 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 6 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 7 those those DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 8 transformants transformant NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 9 showing show VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 10 rates rate NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 12 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 13 substantially substantially RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 14 lower low JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 15 than than IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 16 20 20 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 17 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 19 i.e. i.e. FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 21 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 23 range range NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 24 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 25 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 26 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 27 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 28 less less JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 60 30 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 61 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 61 2 Is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 61 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 61 4 Site Site NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 61 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 61 6 Frameshifting Frameshifting NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 2 previously previously RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 3 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 6 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 7 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 8 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 9 conserved conserve VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 10 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 12 Tyl Tyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 13 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 14 Ty2 ty2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 15 families family NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 17 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 18 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 19 supports support VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 20 high high JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 21 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 22 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 62 23 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 63 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 63 2 Clare Clare NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 63 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 63 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 63 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 63 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 63 7 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 63 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 63 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 2 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 3 possible possible JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 6 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 7 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 8 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 9 shortly shortly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 10 before before IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 11 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 12 after after IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 14 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 15 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 16 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 17 since since IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 18 neither neither CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 20 NA NA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 21 nor nor CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 23 TYB TYB NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 24 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 25 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 26 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 27 limited limit VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 28 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 29 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 30 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 31 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 32 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 33 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 34 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 35 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 36 overlap overlap NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 64 37 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 3 construction construction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 4 used use VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 7 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 8 NB NB NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 9 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 10 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 11 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 12 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 13 72 72 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 14 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 15 upstream upstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 18 overlap overlap NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 19 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 20 HIS4A HIS4A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 21 while while IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 23 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 24 NA NA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 25 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 26 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 27 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 28 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 29 25 25 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 30 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 31 downstream downstream NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 32 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 65 33 /acZ. /acZ. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 1 An an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 2 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 3 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 4 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 5 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 6 contained contain VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 8 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 9 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 10 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 11 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 12 flanked flank VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 13 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 14 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 15 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 17 upstream upstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 18 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 20 TYB TYB NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 21 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 22 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 23 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 24 downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 25 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 27 NA NA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 28 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 29 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 31 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 32 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 66 34 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 2 oligo oligo NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 3 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 4 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 5 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 6 cloned clone VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 7 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 9 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 10 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 12 pMB25 pMB25 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 13 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 14 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 15 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 16 Experimental Experimental NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 17 Procedures procedure NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 18 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 19 analyzed analyze VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 20 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 21 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 22 ability ability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 23 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 24 promote promote VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 25 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 26 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 27 assaying assay VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 28 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 29 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 30 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 31 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 32 downstream downstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 33 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 34 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 67 35 /acZ. /acZ. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 1 Expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 3 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 4 requires require VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 6 + + FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 7 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 8 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 9 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 10 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 12 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 13 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 15 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 16 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 68 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 1 Frameshifting Frameshifting NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 2 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 3 unaffected unaffected JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 4 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 6 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 7 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 9 occurring occur VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 10 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 11 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 13 approximately approximately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 14 25 25 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 15 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 17 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 18 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 19 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 69 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 2 result result NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 3 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 6 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 7 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 8 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 9 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 11 actual actual JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 12 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 14 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 70 15 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 1 An an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 2 open open JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 3 question question NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 4 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 5 many many JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 8 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 9 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 10 specific specific JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 11 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 12 systems system NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 13 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 14 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 15 prokaryotes prokaryote NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 16 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 17 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 18 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 20 degree degree NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 21 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 22 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 24 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 25 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 26 directional directional JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 27 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 28 reading read VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 29 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 30 specific specific JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 71 31 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 1 Is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 2 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 3 constrained constrain VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 4 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 5 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 6 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 7 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 8 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 9 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 11 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 12 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 14 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 15 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 16 either either DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 17 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 72 18 ? ? . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 1 Frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 2 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 4 human human JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 5 immunodeficiencyvirus immunodeficiencyvirus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 7 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 9 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 10 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 11 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 13 -1 -1 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 73 14 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 74 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 74 2 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 74 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 74 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 74 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 74 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 74 7 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 74 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 74 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 75 1 Conversely conversely RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 75 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 75 3 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 75 4 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 75 5 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 75 6 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 2 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 5 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 6 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 7 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 8 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 9 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 10 may may MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 11 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 12 made make VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 13 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 14 frameshift frameshift VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 15 both both DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 16 forward forward RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 18 backward backward RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 19 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 20 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 21 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 22 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 23 incorporates incorporate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 24 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 25 string string NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 26 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 27 identical identical JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 28 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 76 29 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 77 1 Shifts shift NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 77 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 77 3 -2 -2 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 77 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 77 5 -1 -1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 77 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 77 7 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 78 1 l l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 78 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 78 3 +2 +2 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 78 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 78 5 +5 +5 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 78 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 78 7 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 78 8 +6 +6 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 78 9 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 78 10 identified identify VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 78 11 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 1 Will Will MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 2 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 3 occur occur VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 4 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 5 when when WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 7 TYA TYA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 8 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 9 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 10 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 11 being be VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 12 translated translate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 13 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 15 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 79 16 ? ? . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 80 1 Changing change VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 80 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 80 3 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 80 4 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 80 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 80 6 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 80 7 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 1 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 2 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 3 decreases decrease VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 5 frequency frequency NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 7 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 8 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 9 about about IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 10 lOO lOO NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 11 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 12 fold fold JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 14 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 15 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 16 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 17 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 19 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 81 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 1 Changing change VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 3 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 4 disrupts disrupt VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 5 both both CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 6 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 7 required require VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 8 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 9 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 10 specific specific JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 11 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 12 induced induce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 13 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 14 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 15 nonsense nonsense NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 16 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 18 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 19 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 20 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 21 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 22 specific specific JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 23 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 24 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 25 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 82 26 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 1 Removing remove VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 3 nonsense nonsense NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 4 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 5 alone alone RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 6 causes cause VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 7 about about IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 8 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 9 lo lo NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 10 - - JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 11 fold fold JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 12 decrease decrease NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 13 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 14 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 83 15 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 2 suggests suggest VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 4 reading read VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 5 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 6 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 7 important important JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 10 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 11 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 12 case case NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 14 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 15 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 16 essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 84 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 2 test test VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 3 explicitly explicitly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 4 if if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 5 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 6 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 7 reading read VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 8 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 9 specific specific JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 10 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 11 directional directional JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 13 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 14 constructed construct VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 15 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 16 set set NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 18 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 19 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 21 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 22 had have VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 23 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 24 single single JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 25 insert insert NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 26 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 27 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 28 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 29 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 30 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 31 designed design VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 32 such such PDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 33 that that DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 34 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 35 comes come VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 36 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 37 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 38 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 39 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 40 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 41 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 42 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 43 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 44 reading read VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 45 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 46 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 47 exits exit NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 48 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 49 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 50 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 51 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 52 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 53 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 54 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 56 Table table NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 57 1 1 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 85 59 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 86 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 86 2 achieve achieve VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 86 3 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 86 4 combinations combination NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 86 5 required require VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 86 6 constructing construct VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 86 7 nine nine CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 86 8 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 86 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 1 Each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 2 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 3 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 4 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 5 flanked flank VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 6 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 7 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 8 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 9 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 10 ensure ensure VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 11 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 12 any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 13 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 14 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 15 occurred occur VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 16 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 17 taking take VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 18 place place NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 19 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 21 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 22 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 87 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 1 These these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 2 constructions construction NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 3 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 4 introduced introduce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 5 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 6 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 7 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 8 assayed assay VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 9 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 11 vivo vivo NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 12 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 14 8-galactosidase 8-galactosidase CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 88 15 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 2 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 5 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 7 pMB38-(O)fus pMB38-(O)fus NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 9 pMB38-(+l)fus pmb38-(+l)fus CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 11 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 12 pMB38-(-l)fus pMB38-(-l)fus NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 16 HIS4A HIS4A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 18 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 19 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 20 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 21 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 22 fused fuse VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 89 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 1 Two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 3 these these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 4 constructions construction NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 5 give give VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 6 high high JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 7 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 9 6-galactosidase 6-galactosidase CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 10 activity activity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 12 -3000 -3000 . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 13 U U NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 14 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 15 Table table NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 16 l l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 19 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 21 construction construction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 22 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 23 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 24 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 25 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 26 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 27 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 28 -1 -1 JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 29 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 30 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 31 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 32 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 33 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 34 expresses express VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 35 about about IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 36 50-fold 50-fold JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 37 lower low JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 38 amounts amount NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 90 39 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 2 latter latter JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 3 construction construction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 4 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 5 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 6 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 8 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 9 UAG UAG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 10 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 11 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 12 partway partway RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 13 through through IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 15 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 16 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 18 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 19 thus thus RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 20 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 21 terminates terminate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 22 prematurely prematurely RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 91 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 92 1 Two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 92 2 -1 -1 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 92 3 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 92 4 reporter reporter NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 92 5 constructs construct NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 92 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 92 7 pMB38-(0)-l pMB38-(0)-l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 92 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 92 9 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 93 1 pMB38-(+l)O pmb38-(+l)o LS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 93 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 94 1 do do VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 94 2 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 94 3 express express VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 94 4 significant significant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 94 5 amounts amount NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 94 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 94 7 6-galactosidase 6-galactosidase CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 94 8 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 2 conclude conclude VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 4 -1 -1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 5 frameshifts frameshift NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 6 do do VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 7 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 8 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 9 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 10 either either CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 12 0 0 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 14 defined define VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 15 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 17 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 18 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 19 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 20 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 21 NA NA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 22 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 23 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 25 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 26 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 27 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 28 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 29 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 95 30 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 1 By by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 2 contrast contrast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 4 construct construct VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 5 pMB-38-(O)+l pmb-38-(o)+l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 7 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 8 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 9 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 10 enters enter VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 12 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 13 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 14 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 16 0 0 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 17 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 19 TYA TYA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 21 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 22 exits exit VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 23 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 24 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 25 + + SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 26 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 27 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 29 p p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 30 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 31 B B NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 33 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 34 expresses express VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 35 high high JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 36 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 37 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 38 8-galactosidase 8-galactosidase CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 39 activity activity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 40 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 41 indicating indicate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 42 about about RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 43 38 38 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 44 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 45 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 46 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 47 expected expect VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 96 48 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 1 Frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 2 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 4 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 5 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 6 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 7 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 8 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 10 -1 -1 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 11 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 12 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 14 pMB38-(+1)-l pmb38-(+1)-l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 16 shows show VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 17 insignificant insignificant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 18 enzyme enzyme NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 19 activity activity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 21 indicating indicate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 22 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 23 +1 +1 HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 24 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 25 does do VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 26 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 27 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 28 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 30 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 31 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 32 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 33 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 34 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 35 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 36 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 37 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 97 38 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 2 test test VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 3 if if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 4 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 5 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 6 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 8 + + SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 9 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 10 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 11 -1 -1 JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 12 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 13 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 15 -1 -1 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 16 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 17 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 19 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 20 transformed transform VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 21 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 22 amber amber NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 23 suppressor suppressor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 24 strain strain NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 25 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 26 L0861 L0861 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 27 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 28 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 29 allow allow VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 30 readthrough readthrough NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 31 past past IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 32 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 33 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 34 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 35 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 36 UAG UAG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 98 37 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 2 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 3 background background NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 6 p p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 7 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 8 A A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 9 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 10 N N NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 11 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 12 B b NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 13 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 14 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 15 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 16 reporter reporter NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 17 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 19 pMB38-(0)+1 pMB38-(0)+1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 21 promotes promote VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 22 about about IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 23 48 48 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 24 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 25 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 27 Table table NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 28 1 1 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 99 30 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 1 Frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 2 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 4 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 5 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 6 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 7 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 9 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 10 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 11 reading read VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 12 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 13 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 14 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 15 seen see VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 100 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 1 Likewise likewise RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 3 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 4 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 6 -1 -1 JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 7 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 8 does do VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 9 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 10 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 11 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 12 any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 15 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 16 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 101 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 2 conclude conclude VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 3 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 4 these these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 5 results result NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 6 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 7 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 10 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 11 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 12 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 13 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 14 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 15 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 16 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 18 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 19 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 20 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 21 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 22 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 23 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 24 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 25 0 0 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 27 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 28 TYA TYA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 29 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 30 reading read VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 31 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 102 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 103 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 2 determine determine VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 3 whether whether IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 4 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 5 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 8 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 9 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 10 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 11 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 12 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 13 required require VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 14 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 15 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 17 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 18 series series NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 19 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 20 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 21 reporter reporter NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 22 constructs construct NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 23 retaining retain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 24 increasingly increasingly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 25 smaller small JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 26 portions portion NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 27 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 28 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 29 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 30 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 31 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 32 made make VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 33 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 34 synthesizing synthesize VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 35 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 36 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 37 differ differ VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 38 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 39 length length NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 40 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 41 sin sin NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 42 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 43 gle gle NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 44 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 45 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 46 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 47 TYA TYA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 48 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 49 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 104 50 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 2 remaining remain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 3 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 4 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 5 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 6 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 7 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 8 flanked flank VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 9 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 10 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 11 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 12 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 13 ensure ensure VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 14 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 15 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 16 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 17 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 18 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 20 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 105 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 2 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 3 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 4 inserted insert VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 5 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 7 H H NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 8 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 9 SA::/acZframeshift SA::/acZframeshift NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 10 reporter reporter NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 11 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 12 pMB25 pmb25 XX cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 13 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 15 Bamlil Bamlil NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 16 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 17 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 18 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 19 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 20 Experimental Experimental NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 21 Procedures procedure NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 106 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 1 Frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 2 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 4 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 5 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 6 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 7 will will MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 8 result result VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 9 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 10 8-galactosidase 8-galactosidase CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 11 production production NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 12 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 14 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 15 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 107 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 1 Table table NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 2 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 3 shows show VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 5 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 8 deletion deletion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 9 constructs construct VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 10 as as RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 11 well well RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 12 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 14 results result NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 15 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 16 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 17 construct construct NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 108 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 1 Deleting delete VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 3 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 4 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 5 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 6 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 8 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 9 ' ' NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 10 end end NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 13 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 14 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 15 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 17 including include VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 18 5 5 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 19 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 22 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 23 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 24 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 26 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 27 no no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 28 effect effect NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 29 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 30 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 31 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 32 demonstrating demonstrate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 33 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 34 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 35 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 36 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 37 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 38 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 39 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 40 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 41 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 42 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 43 necessary necessary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 44 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 45 direct direct VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 46 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 109 47 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 1 No no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 2 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 3 Ty ty NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 4 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 5 derived derive VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 7 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 8 present present JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 10 yet yet CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 11 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 12 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 13 occurring occur VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 14 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 15 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 16 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 17 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 18 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 110 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 1 Deletion deletion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 3 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 4 additional additional JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 5 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 6 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 8 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 9 ' ' NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 10 end end NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 11 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 12 deletion deletion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 14 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 15 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 16 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 17 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 18 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 20 5 5 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 21 ' ' POS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 22 end end NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 23 results result NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 24 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 25 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 26 much much RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 27 lower low JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 28 frequency frequency NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 29 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 111 30 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 112 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 112 2 Table table NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 112 3 _SP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 112 4 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 112 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 112 6 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 1 All all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 2 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 3 constructs construct NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 4 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 5 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 6 least least JJS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 7 40-fold 40-fold CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 8 lower low JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 9 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 10 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 11 than than IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 13 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 14 retaining retain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 16 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 17 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 18 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 19 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 21 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 22 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 23 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 113 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 1 Since since IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 2 no no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 3 construction construction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 4 lacking lack VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 5 any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 8 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 9 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 10 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 11 expresses express VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 12 significant significant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 13 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 14 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 15 8-galactosidase 8-galactosidase CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 17 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 18 conclude conclude VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 19 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 21 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 22 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 23 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 24 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 25 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 26 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 27 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 28 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 29 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 30 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 31 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 32 AGG AGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 33 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 34 CCA CCA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 35 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 36 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 37 necessary necessary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 38 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 39 direct direct VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 40 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 114 41 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 2 does do VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 3 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 4 mean mean VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 5 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 6 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 7 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 8 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 9 necessary necessary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 11 since since IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 13 deletions deletion NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 14 do do VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 15 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 16 allow allow VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 17 us -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 18 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 19 map map VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 20 effects effect NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 21 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 22 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 23 resolution resolution NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 24 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 25 less less JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 26 than than IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 27 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 28 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 29 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 115 30 _SP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 116 1 Defines define VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 116 2 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 116 3 Essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 116 4 Nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 2 deletion deletion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 3 analysis analysis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 4 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 5 above above IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 6 crudely crudely RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 7 defines define VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 9 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 10 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 11 promotes promote VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 12 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 117 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 2 define define VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 3 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 4 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 5 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 6 critical critical JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 7 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 8 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 10 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 11 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 12 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 13 series series NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 14 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 15 nine nine CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 16 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 118 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 1 Mixed mixed JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 2 synthesis synthesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 3 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 4 done do VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 5 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 7 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 8 corresponding correspond VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 9 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 11 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 12 desired desire VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 13 mutations mutation NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 14 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 15 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 16 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 18 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 19 9 9 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 20 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 21 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 22 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 23 defined define VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 24 above above RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 119 25 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 2 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 3 mutations mutation NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 4 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 5 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 6 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 7 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 8 tested test VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 9 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 11 effect effect NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 12 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 13 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 14 after after IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 15 cloning clone VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 16 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 18 HIS4A::lacZframeshift HIS4A::lacZframeshift NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 19 reporter reporter NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 20 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 21 pMB38 pMB38 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 22 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 24 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 25 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 26 Kpnl Kpnl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 27 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 28 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 29 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 30 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 31 Experimental Experimental NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 32 Procedures procedure NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 120 33 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 121 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 121 2 results result NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 121 3 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 121 4 depicted depict VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 121 5 graphically graphically RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 121 6 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 121 7 Figure figure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 121 8 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 121 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 2 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 3 immediately immediately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 4 5'of 5'of CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 6 9 9 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 7 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 8 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 9 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 10 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 11 unimportant unimportant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 12 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 13 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 15 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 17 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 18 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 19 any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 22 four four CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 23 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 122 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 2 eighth eighth JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 3 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 4 ninth ninth JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 5 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 6 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 7 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 8 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 9 changed change VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 10 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 11 any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 12 base base NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 13 without without IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 14 affecting affect VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 15 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 123 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 1 However however RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 3 any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 4 change change NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 5 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 7 remaining remain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 8 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 9 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 10 drastically drastically RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 11 reduces reduce VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 12 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 124 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 2 essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 3 bases basis NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 5 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 6 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 7 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 8 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 9 C C NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 11 include include VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 12 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 13 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 14 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 16 NA NA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 17 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 18 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 19 plus plus IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 20 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 21 seventh seventh JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 22 base base NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 125 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 1 As as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 2 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 3 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 4 seen see VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 5 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 6 closer close JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 7 inspection inspection NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 10 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 12 some some DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 13 changes change NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 14 allow allow VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 15 lower low JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 16 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 18 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 19 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 20 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 21 above above IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 22 background background NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 126 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 1 C C NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 2 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 3 G g NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 4 substitutions substitution NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 5 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 6 U U NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 7 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 9 wobble wobble NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 10 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 13 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 14 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 15 allows allow VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 16 approximately approximately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 17 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 18 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 19 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 127 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 1 Substitution substitution NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 3 C C NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 4 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 5 U U NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 6 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 7 A a NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 8 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 10 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 11 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 14 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 15 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 16 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 17 replacement replacement NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 19 G g NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 20 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 21 U U NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 22 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 24 wobble wobble NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 25 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 26 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 27 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 28 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 29 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 30 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 31 allow allow VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 32 lower low JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 33 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 34 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 35 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 128 36 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 2 reason reason NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 3 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 5 necessity necessity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 8 seventh seventh JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 9 base base NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 10 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 11 unknown unknown JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 12 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 13 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 14 probably probably RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 15 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 16 attributed attribute VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 17 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 18 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 19 context context NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 20 effect effect NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 21 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 22 decoding decode VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 23 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 24 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 25 preceding precede VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 26 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 129 27 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 1 Context context JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 2 effects effect NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 3 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 4 known know VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 5 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 6 involve involve VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 8 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 9 immediately immediately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 10 3'of 3'of VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 11 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 12 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 14 Bossi Bossi NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 16 1983 1983 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 130 17 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 1 Bossi Bossi NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 2 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 3 Roth Roth NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 5 1980 1980 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 6 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 7 Carrier Carrier NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 8 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 9 Buckingham Buckingham NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 11 1984 1984 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 12 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 13 Fluck Fluck NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 14 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 15 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 16 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 18 1977 1977 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 19 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 20 Miller Miller NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 21 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 22 Albertini Albertini NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 23 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 24 1983 1983 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 131 25 ; ; . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 1 Murgola Murgola NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 4 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 6 1984 1984 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 7 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 8 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 10 1984 1984 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 11 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 12 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 13 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 14 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 16 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 132 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 1 Occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 2 When when WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 3 Peptidyl Peptidyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 4 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 5 tRNAbU tRNAbU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 6 Is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 7 Bound bind VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 8 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 10 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 11 Codon Codon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 12 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 13 Does do VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 14 Not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 15 Involve involve VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 16 Simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 133 17 Slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 2 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 3 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 4 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 5 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 6 defined define VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 7 above above RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 8 includes include VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 9 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 10 unusual unusual JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 11 features feature NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 134 12 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 1 First first RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 3 there there EX cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 4 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 5 overlapping overlap VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 6 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 7 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 9 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 10 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 11 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 13 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 15 0 0 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 16 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 17 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 18 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 19 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 20 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 135 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 2 nearly nearly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 3 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 4 organisms organism NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 5 these these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 6 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 7 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 8 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 9 decoded decode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 10 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 11 distinct distinct JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 12 isoaccepting isoaccepting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 13 species specie NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 136 14 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 1 Yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 2 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 3 unusual unusual JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 4 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 5 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 7 encodes encode VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 8 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 9 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 11 tRNAf trnaf ADD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 12 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 14 previously previously RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 15 known know VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 16 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 17 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 18 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 19 B b NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 20 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 22 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 23 decodes decode VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 24 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 25 six six CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 26 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 27 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 29 Weissenbach Weissenbach NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 30 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 31 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 32 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 33 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 34 1977 1977 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 137 36 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 2 expanded expand VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 3 recognition recognition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 4 requires require VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 5 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 6 unmodified unmodified JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 7 uracil uracil NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 8 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 10 wobble wobble NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 11 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 14 anticodon anticodon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 16 Randerath Randerath NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 17 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 18 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 19 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 21 1979 1979 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 138 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 1 Frameshifting Frameshifting NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 2 could could MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 3 involve involve VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 4 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 6 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 7 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 8 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 10 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 11 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 12 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 139 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 1 Second second RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 4 next next JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 5 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 7 AGG AGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 9 Arg Arg NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 12 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 13 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 14 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 15 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 16 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 17 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 18 abundance abundance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 19 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 20 encoded encode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 21 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 22 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 23 single single JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 24 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 25 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 27 tRN tRN NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 28 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 29 ? ? NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 30 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 31 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 140 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 141 1 Deletion deletion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 141 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 141 3 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 141 4 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 141 5 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 141 6 lethal lethal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 141 7 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 141 8 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 142 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 142 2 Gafner Gafner NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 142 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 142 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 142 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 142 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 142 7 1983 1983 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 142 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 142 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 1 Two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 2 models model NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 3 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 4 account account VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 5 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 7 necessity necessity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 10 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 11 Shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 12 boxed box VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 13 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 15 x x NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 16 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 17 axis axis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 18 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 20 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 21 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 22 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 23 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 24 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 25 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 26 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 27 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 143 28 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 144 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 144 2 hatched hatch VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 144 3 portion portion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 144 4 indicates indicate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 144 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 144 6 essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 144 7 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 144 8 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 144 9 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 144 10 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 1 Above above IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 2 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 3 boxed box VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 4 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 5 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 7 miasense miasense NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 8 substitutions substitution NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 9 generated generate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 10 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 11 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 12 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 15 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 145 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 146 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 146 2 percent percent NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 146 3 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 146 4 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 146 5 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 146 6 substitution substitution NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 146 7 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 146 8 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 146 9 graphically graphically RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 146 10 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 1 if if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 2 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 3 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 4 employ employ VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 6 peptidyl peptidyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 8 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 9 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 10 method method NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 12 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 13 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 14 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 15 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 17 text text NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 147 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 2 partial partial JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 3 RNA rna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 4 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 5 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 7 AUG AUG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 8 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 9 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 10 provided provide VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 11 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 12 reference reference NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 148 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 2 B b NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 4 Predicted predict VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 5 amino amino NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 6 acid acid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 7 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 8 through through IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 10 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 11 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 12 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 13 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 15 amino amino JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 16 acids acid NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 17 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 18 numbered number VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 20 if if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 21 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 22 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 23 employ employ VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 24 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 25 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 26 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 27 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 28 method method NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 29 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 30 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 31 seen see VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 32 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 33 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 34 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 35 higher high JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 36 cells cell NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 149 37 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 2 partial partial JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 3 RNA rna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 4 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 5 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 7 AUG AUG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 8 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 9 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 10 provided provide VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 11 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 12 reference reference NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 150 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 2 C C NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 4 Amino amino NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 5 acid acid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 6 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 7 datathrough datathrough IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 9 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 10 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 11 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 12 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 151 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 1 Histograms Histograms NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 3 relevant relevant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 4 PTH PTH NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 6 amino amino NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 7 acids acid NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 8 through through IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 9 11 11 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 10 cycles cycle NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 12 Edman Edman NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 13 degradation degradation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 14 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 15 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 16 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 18 major major JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 19 amino amino NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 20 acid acid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 21 present present JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 22 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 23 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 24 cycle cycle NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 25 indicated indicate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 26 above above IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 27 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 28 histograms histogram NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 29 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 30 above above IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 31 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 32 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 33 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 34 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 36 B b NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 152 38 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 1 Cycle Cycle NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 2 8 8 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 4 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 5 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 6 predicted predict VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 7 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 8 yield yield VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 9 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 10 according accord VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 11 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 14 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 16 gave give VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 17 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 18 weak weak JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 19 signal signal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 21 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 22 no no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 23 assignment assignment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 24 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 25 made make VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 153 26 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 154 1 No no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 154 2 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 154 3 amino amino NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 154 4 acid acid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 154 5 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 154 6 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 154 7 detected detect VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 154 8 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 2 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 3 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 4 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 5 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 6 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 7 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 8 Gln Gln NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 9 residue residue NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 11 rather rather RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 12 than than IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 13 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 15 following follow VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 16 Gly Gly NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 155 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 2 amino amino NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 3 acid acid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 4 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 5 through through IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 7 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 8 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 9 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 10 confirms confirm VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 12 Gln Gln NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 13 residue residue NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 14 after after IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 15 Gly Gly NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 17 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 18 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 19 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 21 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 22 supporting support VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 24 notion notion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 25 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 26 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 27 shifts shift VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 28 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 30 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 31 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 32 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 33 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 34 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 35 peptidyl peptidyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 36 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 37 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 38 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 39 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 40 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 41 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 42 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 43 Leu Leu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 44 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 156 45 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 157 1 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 157 2 AGG AGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 157 3 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 157 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 2 RSV RSV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 4 HIV HIV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 6 l l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 8 MMTV MMTV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 10 IBV IBV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 12 bovine bovine JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 13 leukemia leukemia NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 14 virus virus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 16 BLV BLV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 19 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 21 simian simian JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 22 retrovirus retrovirus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 23 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 24 1 1 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 26 SRV SRV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 27 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 28 l l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 30 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 31 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 32 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 33 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 34 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 35 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 36 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 37 causes cause VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 38 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 39 -1 -1 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 40 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 158 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 159 1 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 159 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 159 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 159 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 160 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 160 2 1988a 1988a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 160 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 160 4 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 160 5 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 160 6 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 160 7 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 160 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 161 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 161 2 1988b 1988b CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 161 3 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 161 4 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 161 5 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 161 6 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 161 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 161 8 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 161 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 161 10 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 2 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 3 requires require VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 5 both both CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 7 A A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 8 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 9 P p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 10 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 11 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 12 occupied occupy VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 13 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 14 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 15 accomplish accomplish VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 17 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 162 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 2 could could MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 3 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 5 case case NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 6 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 7 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 9 yet yet CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 10 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 12 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 13 slip slip NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 14 would would MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 15 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 16 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 163 18 + + NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 164 1 l l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 164 2 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 164 3 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 164 4 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 164 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 164 6 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 164 7 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 164 8 UUAGGC UUAGGC NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 164 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 2 would would MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 3 predict predict VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 4 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 5 protein protein NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 6 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 8 Leu Leu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 9 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 10 Arg Arg NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 11 - - : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 12 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 13 through through IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 15 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 16 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 18 Figure Figure NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 19 38 38 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 165 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 1 Another another DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 2 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 3 predicts predict VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 6 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 7 encountering encounter VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 9 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 10 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 11 pauses pause VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 12 because because IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 15 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 16 availability availability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 18 tRNA$ trna$ NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 19 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 166 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 2 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 3 state state NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 5 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 6 peptidyl peptidyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 8 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 9 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 12 P P NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 13 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 14 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 15 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 16 vacant vacant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 17 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 18 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 21 peptidyl peptidyl JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 22 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 23 tRNA$ trna$ NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 24 slips slip NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 25 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 27 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 28 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 29 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 30 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 31 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 32 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 34 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 35 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 37 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 38 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 167 39 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 2 places place VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 4 GGC GGC NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 6 Gly Gly NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 8 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 9 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 11 A A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 12 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 168 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 1 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 2 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 3 enters enter VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 5 A A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 6 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 7 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 8 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 9 continues continue VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 12 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 13 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 14 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 15 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 169 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 2 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 3 predicts predict VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 4 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 5 protein protein NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 6 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 8 Leu Leu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 9 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 10 Gly Gly NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 11 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 12 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 14 Figure figure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 15 3A 3a NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 170 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 2 distinguish distinguish VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 3 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 5 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 6 above above IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 7 scenarios scenario NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 8 as as RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 9 well well RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 10 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 11 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 12 models model NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 14 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 15 determined determine VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 17 peptide peptide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 18 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 19 through through IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 21 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 22 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 171 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 2 HIS4A::lacZ HIS4A::lacZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 3 fusion fusion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 4 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 5 p3p p3p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 6 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 7 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 8 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 9 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 10 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 11 after after IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 13 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 14 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 15 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 18 HI.%4 HI.%4 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 19 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 172 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 2 construction construction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 3 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 4 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 5 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 6 Experimental Experimental NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 7 Procedures procedure NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 8 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 9 depicted depict VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 11 Figure Figure NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 12 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 173 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 2 9 9 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 3 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 4 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 5 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 7 flanked flank VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 8 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 9 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 10 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 12 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 13 cloned clone VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 14 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 16 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 17 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 18 such such JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 19 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 20 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 21 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 22 requires require VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 23 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 174 24 + + NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 175 1 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 175 2 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 175 3 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 175 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 175 5 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 175 6 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 175 7 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 1 After after IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 2 purification purification NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 5 HIS4A::lacZ HIS4A::lacZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 6 fusion fusion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 7 product product NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 10 protein protein NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 11 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 12 subjected subject VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 13 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 14 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 15 cycles cycle NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 17 Edman Edman NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 18 degradation degradation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 176 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 2 relevant relevant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 3 PTH PTH NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 4 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 5 amino amino NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 6 acids acid NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 7 through through IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 9 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 10 11 11 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 11 cycles cycle NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 12 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 13 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 14 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 15 Figure Figure NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 16 3C 3c NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 177 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 178 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 178 2 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 178 3 clearly clearly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 178 4 support support VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 178 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 178 6 tRNAktG tRNAktG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 178 7 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 178 8 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 178 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 1 Glycine Glycine NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 2 rather rather RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 3 than than IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 4 arginine arginine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 5 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 6 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 7 after after IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 8 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 10 indicating indicate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 11 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 13 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 14 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 15 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 16 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 18 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 19 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 20 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 179 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 1 No no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 2 significant significant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 3 amount amount NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 4 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 5 arginine arginine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 6 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 7 detected detect VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 8 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 9 cycle cycle NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 10 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 12 ruling rule VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 13 out out RP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 14 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 15 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 16 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 17 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 18 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 19 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 20 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 21 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 22 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 23 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 180 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 1 These these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 2 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 3 do do VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 4 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 5 rule rule VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 6 out out RP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 7 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 8 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 9 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 10 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 11 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 13 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 14 immediately immediately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 15 upstream upstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 18 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 19 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 20 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 21 very very RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 22 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 23 since since IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 24 that that DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 25 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 26 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 27 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 28 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 30 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 31 overlap overlap NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 32 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 33 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 34 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 35 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 36 changed change VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 37 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 38 any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 39 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 40 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 41 no no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 42 effect effect NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 43 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 44 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 181 45 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 4 most most RBS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 5 likely likely JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 6 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 7 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 8 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 9 involving involve VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 10 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 12 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 13 single single JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 14 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 15 bound bind VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 16 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 18 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 19 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 182 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 183 1 Occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 183 2 When when WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 183 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 183 4 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 183 5 Codon Codon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 183 6 Is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 183 7 Unoccupied unoccupie VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 183 8 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 183 9 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 183 10 Cognate Cognate NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 183 11 tFiNA tfina CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 2 correlation correlation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 3 exists exist VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 4 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 6 abundance abundance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 8 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 9 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 10 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 12 occurrence occurrence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 15 respective respective JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 16 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 18 Ikemura Ikemura NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 20 1982 1982 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 184 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 2 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 3 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 5 AGG AGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 9 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 10 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 11 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 12 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 13 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 14 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 15 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 16 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 17 abundance abundance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 18 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 19 encoded encode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 20 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 21 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 22 single single JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 23 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 185 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 1 As as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 2 expected expect VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 5 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 6 AGG AGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 7 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 8 rare rare JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 9 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 10 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 11 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 13 Aota Aota NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 14 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 15 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 16 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 18 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 186 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 2 fact fact NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 5 rate rate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 7 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 8 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 9 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 10 binding bind VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 11 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 13 ribosomal ribosomal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 14 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 15 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 16 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 17 proportional proportional JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 18 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 19 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 20 concentration concentration NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 22 Thompson Thompson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 23 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 24 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 25 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 27 1980 1980 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 29 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 30 been be VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 31 taken take VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 32 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 33 mean mean VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 34 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 35 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 36 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 37 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 38 abundant abundant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 39 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 40 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 41 decoded decode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 42 quickly quickly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 43 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 44 while while IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 45 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 46 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 47 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 48 nonabundant nonabundant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 49 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 50 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 51 decoded decode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 52 slowly slowly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 187 53 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 1 Recent recent JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 2 evidence evidence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 3 suggests suggest VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 5 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 6 rate rate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 7 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 8 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 9 strictly strictly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 10 correlated correlate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 11 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 12 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 13 concentration concentration NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 15 since since IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 16 some some DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 17 nonabundant nonabundant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 18 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 19 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 20 decoded decode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 21 more more RBR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 22 quickly quickly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 23 than than IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 24 some some DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 25 much much RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 26 more more RBR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 27 abundant abundant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 188 28 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 189 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 189 2 Bonekamp Bonekamp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 189 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 189 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 189 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 189 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 189 7 1989 1989 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 189 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 189 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 1 Though though IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 3 rule rule NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 5 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 6 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 8 abundance abundance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 9 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 10 decode decode VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 11 slowly slowly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 12 may may MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 13 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 14 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 15 universal universal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 18 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 19 true true JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 20 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 21 some some DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 22 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 23 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 24 very very RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 25 slowly slowly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 26 decoded decode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 190 27 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 4 tRNA&u tRNA&u NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 6 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 7 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 9 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 10 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 11 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 12 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 13 rare rare JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 14 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 16 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 17 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 18 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 19 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 20 decoding decoding NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 21 rate rate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 23 Bonekamp Bonekamp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 24 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 25 Jensen Jensen NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 27 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 191 29 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 2 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 3 possible possible JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 6 very very RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 7 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 8 abundance abundance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 10 tRNA@u tRNA@u NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 11 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 12 necessary necessary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 13 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 14 promote promote VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 15 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 16 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 17 causing cause VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 18 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 19 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 20 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 21 analogous analogous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 22 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 24 function function NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 25 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 27 nonsense nonsense NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 28 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 29 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 30 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 31 hungry"codons hungry"codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 32 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 33 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 192 34 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 193 1 frame- frame- NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 193 2 shifts shift NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 194 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 194 2 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 194 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 194 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 194 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 194 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 194 7 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 194 8 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 1 If if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 2 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 3 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 4 true true JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 6 then then RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 8 may may MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 9 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 10 possible possible JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 11 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 12 modulate modulate VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 13 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 14 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 15 modulating modulate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 17 amount amount NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 20 rare rare JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 21 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 195 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 2 particular particular JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 4 increasing increase VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 6 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 7 vivo vivo NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 8 concentration concentration NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 11 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 12 should should MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 13 decrease decrease VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 15 putative putative JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 16 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 18 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 19 thus thus RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 20 decrease decrease VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 22 rate rate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 23 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 24 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 196 25 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 2 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 3 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 4 tRNA@u tRNA@u NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 5 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 6 cloned clone VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 7 onto onto IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 8 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 9 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 10 reporter reporter NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 11 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 13 pMBS&SmerWT pmbs&smerwt XX cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 15 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 16 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 17 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 18 Experimental Experimental NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 19 Procedures procedure NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 197 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 2 copy copy NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 3 number number NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 4 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 5 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 6 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 7 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 8 approximately approximately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 9 four four CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 10 per per IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 11 cell cell NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 13 increasing increase VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 15 total total JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 16 number number NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 18 copies copy NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 19 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 21 tRNA$ tRNA$ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 22 ! ! . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 23 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 24 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 25 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 26 five five CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 27 per per IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 28 cell cell NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 30 including include VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 31 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 32 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 33 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 34 copy copy NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 198 36 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 2 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 3 contains contain VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 5 H H NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 6 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 7 S4A-9 s4a-9 JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 8 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 9 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 10 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 11 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 12 lac lac NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 13 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 199 14 ! ! . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 1 reporter reporter NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 2 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 4 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 5 normally normally RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 6 shows show VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 7 40 40 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 8 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 9 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 11 Table table NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 12 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 200 14 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 2 5-fold 5-fold CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 3 increase increase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 4 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 5 copy copy NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 6 number number NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 10 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 11 severely severely RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 12 inhibited inhibited JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 13 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 15 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 16 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 201 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 2 fact fact NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 4 increasing increase VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 6 concentration concentration NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 8 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 9 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 10 causes cause VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 11 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 12 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 13 decrease decrease VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 14 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 15 incompatible incompatible JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 16 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 17 any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 18 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 19 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 20 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 22 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 23 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 24 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 25 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 26 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 27 part part NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 28 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 29 binding bind VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 30 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 31 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 32 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 33 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 34 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 35 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 36 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 37 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 202 38 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 1 Rather rather RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 3 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 4 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 5 must must MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 6 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 7 act act VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 8 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 9 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 10 being be VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 11 absent absent JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 12 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 14 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 15 since since IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 16 increasing increase VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 17 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 18 ability ability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 19 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 20 occupy occupy VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 22 A A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 23 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 24 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 25 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 26 negative negative JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 27 effect effect NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 28 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 29 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 203 30 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 2 conclude conclude VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 4 competition competition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 5 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 7 rare rare NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 8 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 9 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 10 induces induce VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 11 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 12 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 13 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 14 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 15 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 16 essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 17 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 18 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 19 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 20 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 21 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 22 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 23 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 24 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 25 when when WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 27 ribosomal ribosomal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 28 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 29 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 30 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 31 unoccupied unoccupied JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 204 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 205 1 Depends depend VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 205 2 upon upon IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 205 3 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 205 4 Slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 205 5 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 205 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 205 7 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 205 8 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 205 9 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 205 10 Leucine Leucine NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 205 11 Codons Codons NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 2 missense missense NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 3 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 4 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 5 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 6 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 8 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 9 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 10 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 11 essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 12 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 13 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 15 Figure figure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 16 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 206 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 2 wanted want VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 3 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 4 test test VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 5 directly directly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 6 if if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 7 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 8 depended depend VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 9 upon upon IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 10 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 11 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 12 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 13 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 14 peptidyl peptidyl NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 15 - - : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 207 16 tRNALeU. trnaleu. NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 1 If if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 2 tRNAkG tRNAkG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 3 promotes promote VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 4 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 5 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 6 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 7 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 9 then then RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 11 rate rate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 13 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 14 should should MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 15 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 16 directly directly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 17 related relate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 18 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 20 frequency frequency NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 21 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 22 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 23 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 24 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 25 used use VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 26 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 27 decode decode VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 28 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 29 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 30 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 208 31 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 1 If if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 2 another another DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 3 isoaccepting isoaccepting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 4 species specie NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 6 incapable incapable JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 8 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 9 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 11 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 12 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 13 compete compete VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 14 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 15 tRNA$ trna$ NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 16 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 17 binding bind VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 18 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 20 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 21 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 22 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 23 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 24 would would MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 25 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 26 reduced reduce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 209 27 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 1 have have VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 2 proposed propose VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 3 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 4 different different JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 5 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 6 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 7 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 8 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 9 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 10 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 11 hungry hungry JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 12 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 13 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 14 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 15 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 16 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 210 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 2 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 3 predicts predict VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 5 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 6 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 7 situation situation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 8 where where WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 10 A A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 11 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 12 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 13 unoccupied unoccupied JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 14 during during IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 15 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 16 very very RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 17 long long JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 18 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 20 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 21 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 22 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 23 bind bind VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 24 out out IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 25 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 26 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 27 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 28 either either CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 29 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 30 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 31 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 32 -1 -1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 33 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 34 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 35 violation violation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 36 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 37 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 38 normal normal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 39 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 40 maintenance maintenance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 41 mechanism mechanism NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 211 42 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 1 If if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 2 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 3 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 4 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 5 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 6 operate operate VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 7 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 9 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 10 case case NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 12 one one PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 13 would would MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 14 see see VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 16 same same JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 17 peptide peptide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 18 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 19 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 21 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 22 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 23 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 24 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 25 determined determine VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 27 Leu Leu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 28 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 29 Gly Gly NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 30 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 31 His His NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 212 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 1 However however RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 4 ability ability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 7 peptidyl peptidyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 8 - - : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 9 tRNALeU tRNALeU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 10 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 11 slip slip VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 12 would would MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 13 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 14 irrelevant irrelevant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 213 15 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 2 test test VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 4 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 6 peptidyl peptidyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 8 tRNALeU tRNALeU JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 9 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 12 constructed construct VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 13 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 14 novel novel JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 15 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 16 bearing bear VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 17 modified modify VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 18 anticodons anticodon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 19 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 20 modifying modify VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 22 anticodon anticodon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 23 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 24 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 25 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 26 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 27 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 28 most most RBS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 29 abundant abundant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 30 isoacceptor isoacceptor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 31 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 32 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 33 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 34 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 35 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 36 known know VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 37 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 38 tRNAp trnap ADD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 40 see see VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 41 Experimental Experimental NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 42 Procedures procedure NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 214 44 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 2 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 4 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 6 anticodon anticodon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 7 AAG AAG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 10 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 13 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 14 decode decode VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 15 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 16 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 17 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 18 incapable incapable JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 19 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 20 recognizing recognize VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 22 overlapping overlap VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 23 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 24 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 215 25 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 2 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 3 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 5 anticodon anticodon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 6 UAG UAG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 8 termed term VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 10 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 12 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 13 distinguish distinguish VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 15 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 17 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 18 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 19 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 20 tRNA$ trna$ NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 22 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 23 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 24 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 25 third third JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 26 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 27 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 28 ochre ochre JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 29 suppressor suppressor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 30 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 31 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 32 anticodon anticodon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 33 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 35 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 36 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 37 e e LS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 38 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 39 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 40 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 216 42 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 2 latter latter JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 3 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 4 serve serve VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 5 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 6 controls control NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 7 since since IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 8 neither neither DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 9 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 10 expected expect VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 11 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 12 interfere interfere VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 13 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 14 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 217 15 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 1 Changing change VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 3 anticodon anticodon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 4 should should MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 5 have have VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 6 no no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 7 effect effect NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 8 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 9 charging charging NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 12 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 13 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 14 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 15 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 16 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 17 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 18 synthetase synthetase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 19 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 20 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 21 reasons reason NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 218 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 1 First first RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 3 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 4 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 5 encoded encode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 6 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 7 six six CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 8 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 11 only only JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 12 common common JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 13 feature feature NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 14 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 15 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 16 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 18 central central JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 19 U U NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 20 residue residue NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 219 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 1 Second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 3 functional functional JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 4 amber amber NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 5 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 6 ochre ochre NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 7 suppressor suppressor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 8 forms form NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 10 tRNALeU tRNALeU NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 11 exist exist VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 13 Sherman Sherman NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 15 1982 1982 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 220 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 2 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 3 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 4 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 5 cloned clone VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 6 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 8 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 9 pMB38 pMB38 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 10 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 11 9merWT 9merwt CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 13 see see VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 14 previous previous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 15 section section NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 18 introduced introduce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 19 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 20 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 221 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 2 rate rate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 4 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 5 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 6 drastically drastically RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 7 lower low JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 10 presence presence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 222 12 tRNA!$ trna!$ NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 1 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 2 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 3 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 4 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 5 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 6 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 8 while while IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 10 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 11 had have VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 12 no no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 13 effect effect NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 223 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 224 1 Table table NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 224 2 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 224 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 224 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 225 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 225 2 43-fold 43-fold CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 225 3 decrease decrease NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 225 4 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 225 5 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 3 presence presence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 4 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 5 tRNAfA tRNAfA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 6 ; ; , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 7 suggests suggest VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 8 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 10 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 11 competed compete VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 12 away away RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 13 98 98 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 14 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 15 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 17 binding binding NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 19 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 20 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 21 responsible responsible JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 22 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 23 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 226 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 1 Although although IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 3 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 4 do do VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 5 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 6 directly directly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 7 identify identify VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 8 tRNApiG tRNApiG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 9 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 11 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 12 shifty shifty JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 13 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 14 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 16 they -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 17 do do VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 18 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 19 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 21 ability ability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 22 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 24 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 25 decoding decode VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 27 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 28 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 29 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 30 slip slip VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 31 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 32 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 33 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 34 essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 35 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 36 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 37 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 38 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 227 39 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 228 1 Other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 228 2 Codons Codons NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 228 3 Decoded decode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 228 4 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 228 5 Rare rare JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 228 6 tRNAs tRNAs NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 228 7 Can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 228 8 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 228 9 Substitute substitute VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 228 10 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 228 11 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 1 If if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 3 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 4 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 7 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 8 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 9 induces induce VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 10 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 11 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 12 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 13 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 14 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 15 result result NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 18 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 19 availability availability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 21 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 22 cognate cognate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 23 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 24 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 25 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 26 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 27 possible possible JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 28 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 29 induce induce VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 30 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 31 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 32 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 33 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 34 substituting substitute VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 35 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 36 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 37 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 38 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 39 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 40 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 41 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 42 abundance abundance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 43 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 229 44 ? ? . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 2 replaced replace VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 4 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 5 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 6 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 7 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 8 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 9 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 10 known know VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 11 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 12 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 13 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 14 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 15 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 16 present present JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 17 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 18 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 19 concentration concentration NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 20 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 21 CGG CGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 22 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 23 decoded decode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 24 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 25 tRNA&o tRNA&o NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 27 M. M. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 28 Culbertson Culbertson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 29 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 30 I. I. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 31 Edelman Edelman NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 32 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 33 personal personal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 34 communication communication NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 36 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 37 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 38 UCG UCG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 39 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 40 decoded decode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 41 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 42 tRNAp$ tRNAp$ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 43 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 45 Etcheverry Etcheverry NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 46 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 47 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 48 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 49 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 50 1982 1982 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 230 51 ; ; . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 231 1 Olson Olson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 231 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 231 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 231 4 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 231 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 231 6 1981 1981 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 231 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 231 8 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 1 Like like IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 3 tRNA&u tRNA&u NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 4 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 7 tRNA&jo tRNA&jo NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 8 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 10 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 11 * * NFP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 12 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 13 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 14 present present JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 15 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 16 single single JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 17 copies copy NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 18 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 20 haploid haploid JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 21 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 22 genome genome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 23 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 24 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 25 lethal lethal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 26 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 27 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 28 cell cell NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 29 if if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 30 deleted delete VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 31 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 32 reflecting reflect VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 33 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 34 fact fact NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 35 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 36 no no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 37 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 38 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 39 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 40 capable capable JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 41 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 42 decoding decode VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 43 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 44 CGG CGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 45 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 46 UCG UCG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 47 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 232 48 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 1 Oligonucleotides oligonucleotides NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 2 containing contain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 3 CGG CGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 4 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 5 UCG UCG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 6 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 8 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 9 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 12 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 13 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 14 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 15 cloned clone VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 16 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 18 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 19 reporter reporter NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 20 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 21 pMB38 pMB38 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 22 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 23 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 24 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 25 Experimental Experimental NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 26 Procedures procedure NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 233 27 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 1 After after IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 2 introduction introduction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 3 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 4 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 7 constructs construct NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 8 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 9 analyzed analyze VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 10 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 11 8-galactosidase 8-galactosidase CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 12 production production NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 234 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 1 Both both DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 2 produced produce VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 3 very very RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 4 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 5 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 7 enzyme enzyme NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 9 corresponding correspond VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 10 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 11 1.8 1.8 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 12 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 13 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 14 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 15 CGG CGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 16 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 17 0.3 0.3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 18 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 19 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 20 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 21 UCG UCG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 23 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 24 4 4 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 235 26 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 2 CGG CGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 3 construct construct NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 4 does do VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 5 support support VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 6 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 7 significant significant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 8 level level NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 10 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 11 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 12 still still RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 13 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 14 about about RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 15 25fold 25fold CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 16 below below IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 17 that that DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 20 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 21 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 22 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 23 construct construct NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 24 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 25 identical identical JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 26 flanking flanking JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 27 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 236 28 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 2 possible possible JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 3 problem problem NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 4 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 5 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 6 experiment experiment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 7 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 9 elimination elimination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 12 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 13 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 14 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 15 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 17 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 18 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 19 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 20 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 237 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 1 Perhaps perhaps RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 2 tRNA$ trna$ NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 3 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 4 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 5 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 6 slip slip VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 7 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 8 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 9 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 10 UUC UUC NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 11 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 12 UUU UUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 14 both both DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 15 phenylalanine phenylalanine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 16 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 17 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 18 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 19 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 20 single single JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 21 isoacceptor isoacceptor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 22 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 23 tRNg tRNg NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 24 ' ' '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 25 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 27 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 28 known know VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 29 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 238 30 tRNAPhe tRNAPhe NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 2 RajBhandary RajBhandary NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 3 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 7 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 8 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 9 Valenzuela Valenzuela NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 10 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 11 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 12 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 14 1978 1978 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 239 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 2 control control VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 3 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 4 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 6 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 7 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 8 constructed construct VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 9 containing contain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 11 same same JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 12 substitutions substitution NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 13 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 14 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 15 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 16 above above RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 18 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 19 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 20 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 22 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 23 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 24 C c NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 25 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 27 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 28 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 29 changed change VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 240 30 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 1 U. U. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 2 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 3 reasoned reason VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 5 tRN@ tRN@ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 6 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 7 should should MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 8 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 9 able able JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 10 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 11 shift shift VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 12 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 13 UUU UUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 14 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 15 UUU UUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 16 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 17 UUC UUC NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 20 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 21 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 22 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 23 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 24 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 25 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 26 construct construct NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 28 Table table NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 29 4 4 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 31 because because IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 32 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 33 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 34 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 35 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 36 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 37 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 38 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 39 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 40 -1 -1 JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 41 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 42 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 43 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 44 string string NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 45 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 46 8 8 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 47 uracil uracil NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 48 residues residue NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 49 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 241 50 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 242 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 242 2 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 242 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 242 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 242 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 242 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 242 7 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 242 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 242 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 1 As as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 2 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 3 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 4 seen see VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 5 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 7 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 9 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 10 change change NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 11 did do VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 12 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 13 improve improve VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 15 ability ability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 18 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 19 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 20 support support VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 21 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 23 Table table NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 24 4 4 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 243 26 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 2 more more RBR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 3 controlled control VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 4 experiment experiment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 5 utilizes utilize VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 6 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 7 well well RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 8 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 9 characterized characterize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 10 set set NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 12 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 13 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 14 gene gene NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 15 deletion deletion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 16 constructs construct VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 244 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 2 UAY uay JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 3 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 4 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 5 decoded decode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 6 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 7 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 8 abundant abundant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 11 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 12 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 13 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 14 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 15 called call VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 16 tRNATYr trnatyr CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 18 encoded encode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 19 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 20 eight eight CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 21 unlinked unlinked JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 22 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 23 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 24 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 25 haploid haploid JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 26 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 27 genome genome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 29 Olson Olson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 30 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 31 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 32 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 33 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 34 1977 1977 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 245 36 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 1 Burke Burke NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 3 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 5 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 6 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 8 sequential sequential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 9 deletion deletion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 11 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 14 tRNA@ trna@ NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 17 genetic genetic JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 18 loci loci NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 19 results result NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 20 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 21 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 22 linear linear JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 23 decrease decrease NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 24 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 25 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 26 pool pool NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 27 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 28 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 29 - - : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 30 tRNATyr tRNATyr NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 31 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 32 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 33 cell cell NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 246 34 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 1 Deletion deletion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 3 up up IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 4 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 5 four four CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 8 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 9 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 10 no no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 11 detectable detectable JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 12 phenotype phenotype NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 13 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 14 however however RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 16 deleting delete VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 17 five five CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 18 results result NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 19 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 20 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 21 50 50 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 22 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 23 increase increase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 24 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 25 doubling double VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 26 time time NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 27 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 28 deleting delete VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 29 six six CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 30 increases increase NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 31 doubling double VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 32 time time NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 33 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 34 800 800 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 35 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 36 o o NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 37 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 38 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 39 deleting delete VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 40 seven seven CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 41 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 42 lethal lethal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 247 43 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 2 increase increase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 3 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 4 doubling double VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 5 time time NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 6 unambiguously unambiguously RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 7 indicates indicate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 8 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 9 cell cell NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 10 growth growth NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 11 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 12 limited limit VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 13 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 15 availability availability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 18 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 20 suggesting suggest VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 21 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 22 competition competition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 23 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 24 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 25 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 26 would would MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 27 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 28 severe severe JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 29 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 30 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 31 least least JJS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 32 those those DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 33 strains strain NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 248 34 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 2 introduced introduce VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 3 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 4 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 5 reporter reporter NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 6 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 7 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 8 strains strain NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 9 containing contain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 10 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 11 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 12 eight eight CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 13 copies copy NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 14 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 16 tRN@ trn@ JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 17 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 18 genetic genetic JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 19 loci locus NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 249 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 2 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 3 contained contain VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 4 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 6 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 7 versions version NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 10 9merWT 9merwt CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 11 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 12 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 13 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 14 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 15 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 17 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 18 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 19 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 20 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 22 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 23 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 24 AGG AGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 25 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 26 CCA CCA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 28 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 29 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 30 substituting substitute VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 31 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 32 UAU UAU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 33 tyrosine tyrosine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 34 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 35 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 36 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 37 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 38 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 39 one one NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 40 substituting substitute VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 41 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 42 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 43 UUU UUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 44 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 45 UAU UAU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 46 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 47 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 48 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 49 AGG AGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 51 Table table NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 52 5 5 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 250 54 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 2 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 3 construct construct NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 4 would would MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 5 require require VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 6 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 7 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 8 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 9 slip slip VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 10 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 11 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 13 Leu Leu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 15 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 16 UUU UUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 18 Phe Phe NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 251 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 2 make make VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 3 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 4 slip slip NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 5 more more RBR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 6 likely likely JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 9 last last JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 10 construct construct NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 11 requires require VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 12 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 13 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 14 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 15 slip slip VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 16 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 18 0 0 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 19 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 20 UUU UUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 21 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 22 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 24 + + SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 25 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 26 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 27 UUU UUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 28 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 29 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 30 express express VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 252 31 /acZ. /acZ. . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 2 reasoned reason VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 4 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 6 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 8 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 9 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 11 pool pool NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 12 drops drop NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 13 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 14 decreasing decrease VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 15 copies copy NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 18 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 19 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 21 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 22 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 24 possibility possibility NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 25 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 26 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 27 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 28 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 29 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 30 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 31 UAU UAU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 32 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 33 would would MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 34 increase increase VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 35 because because IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 36 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 37 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 38 apparent apparent JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 39 severe severe JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 40 competition competition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 41 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 42 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 43 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 253 44 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 2 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 3 may may MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 4 allow allow VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 6 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 7 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 8 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 9 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 10 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 12 upstream upstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 13 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 254 14 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 255 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 255 2 results result NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 255 3 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 255 4 displayed display VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 255 5 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 255 6 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 255 7 5 5 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 255 8 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 1 Neither neither DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 2 construct construct VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 3 incorporating incorporate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 4 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 5 UAU UAU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 6 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 7 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 8 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 9 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 10 allows allow VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 11 appreciable appreciable JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 12 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 14 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 15 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 16 any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 18 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 19 deletion deletion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 20 strains strain NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 21 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 22 while while IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 24 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 25 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 26 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 27 construct construct NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 28 shows show VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 29 normal normal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 30 amounts amount NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 31 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 32 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 256 33 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 2 conclude conclude VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 3 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 4 these these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 5 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 6 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 8 fact fact NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 9 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 10 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 11 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 12 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 13 decoded decode VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 14 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 15 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 16 limiting limit VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 17 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 18 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 19 itself -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 20 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 21 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 22 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 23 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 24 cause cause VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 25 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 26 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 27 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 28 capable capable JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 29 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 30 inducing induce VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 31 detectable detectable JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 32 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 33 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 257 34 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 258 1 Is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 258 2 Inhibited inhibit VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 258 3 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 258 4 Proximity Proximity NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 258 5 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 258 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 258 7 Initiation Initiation NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 258 8 Codon Codon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 2 previously previously RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 3 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 5 placing place VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 7 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 8 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 9 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 10 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 11 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 12 immediate immediate JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 13 proximity proximity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 14 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 16 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 17 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 18 codon codon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 19 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 20 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 22 Clare Clare NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 23 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 24 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 25 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 27 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 259 29 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 1 Placing place VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 3 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 4 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 7 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 8 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 9 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 10 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 11 downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 14 Ty2 ty2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 15 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 16 917 917 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 17 AUG AUG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 18 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 19 abolished abolish VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 20 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 260 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 1 When when WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 2 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 3 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 4 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 5 positioned position VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 6 31 31 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 7 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 8 downstream downstream NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 10 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 11 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 12 restored restore VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 261 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 2 suppression suppression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 3 could could MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 4 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 6 context context NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 7 effect effect NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 8 around around IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 10 Ty2 ty2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 11 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 12 917 917 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 13 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 14 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 16 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 17 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 18 case case NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 20 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 21 around around IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 23 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 24 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 25 would would MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 26 suppress suppress VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 27 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 28 even even RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 29 if if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 30 positioned position VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 31 far far RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 32 downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 33 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 34 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 35 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 37 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 38 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 39 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 40 could could MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 41 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 42 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 43 effect effect NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 44 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 45 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 46 itself -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 262 47 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 2 test test VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 4 former former JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 5 possibility possibility NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 8 synthesized synthesize VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 9 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 10 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 11 encompassing encompass VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 12 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 13 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 14 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 15 15 15 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 16 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 17 upstream upstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 20 Ty2 ty2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 21 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 22 917 917 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 23 AUG AUG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 24 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 25 through through IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 27 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 28 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 29 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 30 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 32 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 33 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 34 fused fuse VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 35 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 36 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 37 Ty2 ty2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 38 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 39 917 917 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 40 AUG AUG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 42 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 43 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 44 15 15 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 45 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 46 downstream downstream NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 263 47 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 2 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 4 when when WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 5 inserted insert VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 6 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 7 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 8 NA917deletion NA917deletion NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 9 929 929 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 10 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 11 downstream downstream NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 14 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 15 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 16 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 18 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 19 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 21 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 23 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 24 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 25 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 26 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 28 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 29 supported support VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 30 normal normal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 31 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 32 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 33 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 35 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 36 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 37 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 264 39 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 265 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 265 2 suggests suggest VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 265 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 265 4 proximity proximity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 265 5 alone alone RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 265 6 causes cause VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 265 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 265 8 suppression suppression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 265 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 265 10 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 265 11 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 2 determine determine VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 4 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 5 distance distance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 6 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 8 AUG AUG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 9 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 10 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 11 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 13 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 14 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 15 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 16 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 18 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 19 placed place VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 21 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 22 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 23 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 24 increasingly increasingly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 25 farther farther JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 26 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 27 intervals interval NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 28 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 30 HEM HEM NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 31 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 32 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 266 33 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 1 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 2 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 3 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 4 introduced introduce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 5 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 7 HIS4A HIS4A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 8 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 9 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 10 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 11 intervals interval NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 12 beginning begin VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 13 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 15 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 16 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 18 ending end VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 19 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 21 seventh seventh JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 22 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 23 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 24 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 25 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 26 Experimental Experimental NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 27 Procedures procedure NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 267 28 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 1 Introduction introduction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 4 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 5 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 6 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 7 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 8 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 9 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 12 six six CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 13 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 14 proximity proximity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 15 constructs construct NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 16 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 17 allowed allow VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 18 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 19 measure measure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 21 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 22 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 24 downstream downstream NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 25 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 26 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 268 27 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 1 As as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 3 saw see VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 4 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 6 Ty2 ty2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 7 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 8 917 917 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 9 construct construct NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 11 placement placement NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 14 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 15 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 18 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 19 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 20 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 21 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 22 downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 23 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 24 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 25 HIS4 HIS4 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 26 AUG AUG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 27 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 28 construction construction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 29 p2p p2p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 30 resulted result VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 31 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 32 no no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 33 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 35 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 36 6 6 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 269 38 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 1 However however RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 3 construction construction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 4 p3p p3p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 6 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 7 places place VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 9 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 10 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 11 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 12 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 13 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 14 four four CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 15 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 16 downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 18 shows show VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 19 appreciable appreciable JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 20 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 21 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 22 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 23 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 24 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 25 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 26 occurring occur VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 27 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 28 about about RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 29 70 70 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 30 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 31 o o NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 270 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 1 Placement placement NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 4 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 5 five five CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 7 six six CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 9 seven seven CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 11 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 12 eight eight CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 13 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 14 downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 15 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 17 AUG AUG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 18 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 19 showed show VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 20 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 21 activity activity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 22 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 23 near near IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 24 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 25 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 26 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 27 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 271 28 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 2 hypothesize hypothesize VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 5 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 6 becomes become VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 7 competent competent JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 8 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 9 frameshift frameshift VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 10 during during IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 12 initial initial JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 13 stages stage NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 14 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 15 elongation elongation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 16 following follow VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 17 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 19 apparently apparently RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 20 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 21 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 22 abrupt abrupt JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 23 transition transition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 24 after after IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 25 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 26 fourth fourth JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 27 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 28 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 30 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 272 31 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 1 Translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 2 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 3 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 4 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 5 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 6 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 7 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 8 mechanism mechanism NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 9 fundamentally fundamentally RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 10 different different JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 11 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 12 that that DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 13 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 14 prokaryotes prokaryote NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 273 15 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 2 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 3 binds bind VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 4 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 6 5 5 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 7 ' ' NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 8 end end NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 11 mRNA mrna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 12 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 13 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 14 scans scan NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 15 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 16 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 18 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 19 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 21 usually usually RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 23 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 24 AUG AUG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 25 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 26 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 27 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 28 message message NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 274 29 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 2 AUG AUG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 3 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 4 acts act VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 5 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 6 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 7 starting starting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 8 point point NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 9 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 10 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 11 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 12 establishes establish VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 14 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 15 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 18 message message NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 275 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 1 Disruption disruption NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 4 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 5 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 6 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 7 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 8 rarely rarely RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 9 during during IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 10 elongation elongation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 12 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 13 several several JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 14 instances instance NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 15 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 16 reading read VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 17 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 18 shifts shift NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 19 have have VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 20 been be VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 21 observed observe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 276 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 2 phages phage NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 3 f2 f2 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 4 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 5 MS2 MS2 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 7 Beremand Beremand NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 8 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 9 Blumenthal Blumenthal NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 11 1979 1979 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 12 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 13 Kastelein Kastelein NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 14 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 15 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 16 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 18 1982 1982 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 20 express express VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 21 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 22 lysis lysis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 23 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 24 through through IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 25 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 26 mechanism mechanism NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 27 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 28 involves involve VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 29 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 30 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 31 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 32 upstream upstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 33 coat coat NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 34 cistron cistron NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 277 35 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 1 Spontaneous spontaneous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 2 readthrough readthrough NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 4 leaky leaky JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 5 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 6 mutations mutation NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 7 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 8 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 10 0x0 0x0 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 11 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 13 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 14 mitochondria mitochondrion NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 16 Fox Fox NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 18 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 19 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 20 Bummer Bummer NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 21 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 22 1980 1980 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 278 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 279 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 279 2 addition addition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 279 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 279 4 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 279 5 carboxy carboxy JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 279 6 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 279 7 terminal terminal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 279 8 extension extension NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 279 9 onto onto IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 279 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 279 11 phage phage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 1 T7 T7 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 2 major major JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 3 coat coat NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 4 protein protein NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 5 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 6 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 7 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 8 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 9 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 10 during during IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 11 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 13 Dunn Dunn NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 14 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 15 Studier Studier NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 17 1983 1983 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 280 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 1 Synthesis synthesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 4 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 5 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 6 peptide peptide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 7 release release NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 8 factor factor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 9 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 11 RF2 RF2 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 13 requires require VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 14 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 15 + + SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 16 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 17 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 18 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 19 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 20 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 21 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 22 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 23 UGA UGA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 24 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 26 Craigen Craigen NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 27 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 28 Caskey Caskey NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 29 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 30 1986 1986 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 281 31 ; ; . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 282 1 Craigen Craigen NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 282 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 282 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 282 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 2 1985 1985 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 5 while while IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 6 some some DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 7 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 8 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 9 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 11 higher high JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 12 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 13 employ employ VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 14 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 15 -1 -1 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 16 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 17 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 18 express express VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 20 products product NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 21 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 23 pal pal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 25 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 26 pro pro JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 28 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 29 F2 f2 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 30 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 31 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 32 respectively respectively RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 34 Brierley Brierley NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 35 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 36 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 37 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 38 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 39 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 41 Brierley Brierley NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 42 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 43 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 44 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 45 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 46 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 47 1989 1989 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 48 Jacks Jacks NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 49 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 50 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 51 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 283 52 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 284 1 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 284 2 Jacks Jacks NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 284 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 284 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 284 5 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 285 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 285 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 285 3 1988a 1988a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 285 4 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 285 5 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 285 6 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 285 7 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 3 1988b 1988b CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 4 Jacks Jacks NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 5 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 6 Varmus Varmus NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 8 1985 1985 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 9 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 10 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 11 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 12 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 13 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 15 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 286 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 1 Frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 2 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 4 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 5 best well RBS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 6 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 7 studied study VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 8 systems system NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 11 RF2 RF2 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 12 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 14 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 15 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 16 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 17 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 19 higher high JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 20 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 21 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 22 have have VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 23 several several JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 24 unifying unifying JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 25 features feature NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 287 26 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 1 Codon Codon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 2 26 26 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 5 RF2 RF2 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 6 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 8 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 9 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 10 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 11 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 12 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 13 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 14 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 15 UGA UGA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 16 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 17 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 19 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 21 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 22 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 23 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 24 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 25 RF2 RF2 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 27 Scolnick Scolnick NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 28 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 29 Caskey Caskey NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 30 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 31 1969 1969 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 288 33 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 2 UGA UGA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 3 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 4 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 5 probably probably RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 7 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 9 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 10 autogenous autogenous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 11 control control NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 12 system system NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 289 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 1 Instead instead RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 3 prematurely prematurely RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 4 terminating terminate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 5 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 7 UGA UGA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 8 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 10 50 50 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 11 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 14 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 15 shift shift VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 16 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 18 + + NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 19 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 20 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 21 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 23 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 24 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 25 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 26 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 28 Leu Leu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 30 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 31 immediately immediately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 32 preceding precede VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 33 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 34 UGA UGA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 36 Craigen Craigen NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 37 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 38 Caskey Caskey NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 39 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 40 1986 1986 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 290 41 ; ; . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 291 1 Craigen Craigen NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 291 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 291 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 291 4 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 291 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 291 6 1985 1985 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 291 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 291 8 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 292 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 292 2 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 292 3 exhaustive exhaustive JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 292 4 study study NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 292 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 292 6 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 292 7 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 292 8 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 292 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 2 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 3 have have VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 4 defined define VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 6 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 7 requirements requirement NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 9 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 11 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 12 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 293 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 2 find find VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 5 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 6 things thing NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 7 necessary necessary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 8 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 9 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 10 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 11 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 12 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 13 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 14 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 15 slippery slippery JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 16 run:'or run:'or JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 17 repeat repeat NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 19 several several JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 20 identical identical JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 21 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 22 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 25 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 26 followed follow VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 27 immediately immediately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 28 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 29 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 30 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 31 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 32 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 33 preceded precede VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 34 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 35 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 36 Shine Shine NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 37 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 38 Dalgarno Dalgarno NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 39 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 41 Shine Shine NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 42 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 43 Dalgarno Dalgarno NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 44 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 45 1974 1974 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 47 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 48 precise precise JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 49 distance distance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 50 away away RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 294 51 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 295 1 Constructs construct NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 295 2 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 295 3 made make VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 295 4 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 295 5 frameshifted frameshifte VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 295 6 -2 -2 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 295 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 295 8 -1 -1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 295 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 295 10 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 1 l l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 3 +2 +2 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 5 +5 +5 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 7 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 8 +6 +6 LS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 9 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 10 varying vary VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 11 efficiency efficiency NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 296 12 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 2 proposed propose VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 3 mechanism mechanism NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 4 involves involve VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 5 binding binding NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 7 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 8 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 9 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 11 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 12 slippery slippery JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 13 run run NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 14 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 297 15 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 2 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 3 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 5 induced induce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 6 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 8 slow slow JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 9 process process NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 11 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 12 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 14 nonsense nonsense NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 15 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 17 allows allow VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 18 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 19 interaction interaction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 20 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 22 Shine Shine NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 23 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 24 Dalgarno Dalgarno NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 25 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 26 like like JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 27 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 28 upstream upstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 29 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 30 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 31 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 32 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 33 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 34 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 35 16s 16s NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 36 RNA RNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 298 37 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 2 interaction interaction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 3 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 4 pulls pull VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 5 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 6 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 7 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 8 pushes push VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 9 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 11 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 13 causing cause VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 15 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 16 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 17 slip slip VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 18 along along IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 20 slippery slippery JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 21 run run NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 299 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 300 1 Translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 300 2 then then RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 300 3 continues continue VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 300 4 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 300 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 300 6 new new JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 300 7 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 300 8 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 4 -1 -1 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 5 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 6 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 7 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 8 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 9 been be VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 10 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 11 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 12 involve involve VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 13 both both CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 14 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 15 specific specific JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 16 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 17 slippery slippery JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 18 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 19 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 20 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 21 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 22 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 23 some some DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 24 cases case NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 25 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 26 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 27 conserved conserved JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 28 secondary secondary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 29 structure structure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 301 30 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 302 1 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 302 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 302 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 302 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 2 1988a 1988a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 4 showed show VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 5 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 6 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 7 subsets subset NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 9 repetitive repetitive JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 10 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 11 conserved conserve VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 12 among among IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 13 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 14 constitute constitute VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 16 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 18 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 303 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 1 Protein protein NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 2 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 3 analysis analysis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 4 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 5 sitedirected sitedirected JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 6 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 9 gag gag NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 10 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 11 pro pro JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 12 fusion fusion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 13 junction junction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 14 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 304 15 MMTV MMTV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 305 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 305 2 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 305 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 305 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 305 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 305 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 305 7 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 305 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 306 1 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 307 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 307 2 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 307 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 307 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 307 5 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 2 1988b 1988b CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 3 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 4 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 5 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 6 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 8 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 10 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 11 RSV RSV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 13 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 14 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 15 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 16 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 18 1988a 1988a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 20 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 21 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 23 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 24 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 25 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 26 these these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 27 repetitive repetitive JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 28 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 29 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 30 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 31 MMTV MMTV NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 32 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 33 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 308 34 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 309 1 A a LS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 309 2 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 309 3 AAA aaa NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 309 4 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 309 5 AAC aac NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 2 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 3 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 4 gag gag NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 5 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 6 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 9 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 10 HIV HIV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 11 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 12 l l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 13 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 15 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 16 U U NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 17 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 18 UUU UUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 19 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 20 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 21 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 22 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 23 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 24 RSV RSV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 25 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 27 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 28 A A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 29 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 30 AAU AAU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 31 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 32 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 310 33 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 1 Similar similar JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 2 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 3 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 4 IBV IBV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 6 BLV BLV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 8 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 9 SRV-1 SRV-1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 10 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 11 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 12 support support VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 13 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 15 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 16 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 17 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 18 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 20 1988a 1988a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 311 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 1 Most Most JJS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 2 retrovirus retrovirus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 3 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 4 events event NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 5 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 6 require require VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 7 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 8 conserved conserved JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 9 pseudoknot pseudoknot NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 10 structure structure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 11 located locate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 12 immediately immediately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 13 downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 14 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 15 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 16 retroviral retroviral NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 17 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 18 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 312 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 313 1 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 313 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 313 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 313 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 314 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 314 2 1988a 1988a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 314 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 314 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 314 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 314 6 requirement requirement NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 314 7 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 314 8 seen see VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 314 9 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 314 10 IBV IBV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 314 11 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 315 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 315 2 Brierley Brierley NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 315 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 315 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 315 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 315 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 315 7 1989 1989 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 315 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 315 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 316 1 Notably notably RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 316 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 316 3 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 316 4 does do VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 316 5 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 316 6 require require VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 316 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 316 8 pseudoknot pseudoknot NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 316 9 structure structure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 316 10 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 316 11 frameshifting frameshifting NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 317 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 317 2 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 317 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 317 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 317 5 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 318 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 318 2 1988a 1988a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 318 3 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 318 4 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 318 5 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 318 6 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 318 7 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 318 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 318 9 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 318 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 318 11 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 2 pseudoknot pseudoknot NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 3 structure structure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 4 may may MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 5 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 6 required require VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 7 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 8 induce induce VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 9 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 10 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 11 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 13 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 14 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 15 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 16 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 18 1988a 1988a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 319 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 1 Like like IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 3 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 4 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 5 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 7 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 8 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 9 case case NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 12 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 13 induced induce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 14 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 16 pseudoknot pseudoknot NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 17 allows allow VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 18 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 19 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 20 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 21 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 23 slippery slippery JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 24 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 320 25 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 2 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 3 coli coli NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 5 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 6 appears appear VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 7 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 8 involve involve VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 9 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 10 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 11 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 12 recognize recognize VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 13 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 14 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 15 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 17 slippery slippery JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 18 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 19 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 21 gag gag NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 22 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 23 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 321 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 322 1 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 322 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 322 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 322 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 2 1988a 1988a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 4 showed show VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 5 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 7 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 8 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 9 involves involve VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 10 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 11 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 12 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 14 these these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 15 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 16 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 18 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 19 A a NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 20 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 21 P p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 22 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 323 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 1 Because because IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 2 certain certain JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 3 changes change NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 4 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 5 allowed allow VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 6 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 8 A A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 9 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 10 P p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 11 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 12 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 13 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 14 because because IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 15 several several JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 16 different different JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 17 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 18 exist exist VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 20 see see VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 21 above above RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 23 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 24 more more JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 25 than than IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 26 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 27 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 29 termed term VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 30 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 31 shifty shifty JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 32 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 33 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 35 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 36 competent competent JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 37 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 38 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 324 39 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 1 Frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 2 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 3 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 4 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 5 initially initially RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 6 appeared appear VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 7 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 8 lack lack VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 9 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 12 features feature NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 13 identified identify VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 14 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 15 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 16 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 17 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 325 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 1 No no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 2 homopolymeric homopolymeric JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 3 string string NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 4 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 5 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 6 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 7 necessary necessary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 10 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 13 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 14 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 326 15 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 1 Frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 2 requires require VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 3 neither neither CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 4 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 5 nearby nearby JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 6 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 7 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 8 nor nor CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 9 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 10 downstream downstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 12 secondary secondary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 13 structure structure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 14 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 15 induce induce VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 16 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 17 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 18 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 327 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 1 Previously previously RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 4 showed show VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 5 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 6 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 7 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 8 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 9 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 10 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 11 necessary necessary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 12 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 13 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 14 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 15 induce induce VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 16 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 17 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 18 even even RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 19 when when WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 20 placed place VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 21 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 22 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 23 completely completely RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 24 heterologous heterologous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 25 context context NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 27 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 28 HIS4 HIS4 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 29 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 30 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 31 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 33 Clare Clare NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 34 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 35 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 36 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 37 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 38 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 328 40 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 2 sequencing sequencing NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 4 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 5 mRNA mrna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 6 containing contain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 7 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 8 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 9 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 10 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 11 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 13 DNA DNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 14 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 16 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 17 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 18 exactly exactly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 19 colinear colinear JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 21 ruling rule VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 22 out out RP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 23 any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 24 pretranslational pretranslational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 25 mechanism mechanism NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 329 26 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 2 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 3 report report NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 5 show show VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 6 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 7 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 8 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 9 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 11 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 12 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 13 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 330 14 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 1 Since since IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 3 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 4 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 5 flanked flank VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 6 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 7 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 8 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 10 upstream upstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 11 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 13 p p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 14 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 15 B b NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 16 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 17 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 18 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 19 downstream downstream VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 20 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 22 TY4 ty4 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 23 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 24 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 25 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 26 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 27 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 28 confined confine VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 29 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 30 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 31 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 32 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 33 window window NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 34 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 35 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 36 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 37 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 331 38 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 1 Expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 4 downstream downstream NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 5 lacZ lacZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 6 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 10 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 11 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 12 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 13 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 15 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 16 unaffected unaffected JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 17 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 18 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 19 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 20 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 332 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 2 show show VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 5 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 6 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 7 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 8 directional directional JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 9 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 10 reading read VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 11 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 12 specific specific JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 333 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 1 Three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 2 different different JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 3 constructs construct NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 4 allow allow VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 5 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 6 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 7 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 8 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 9 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 12 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 13 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 14 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 15 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 17 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 18 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 334 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 1 For for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 2 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 3 construct construct NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 6 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 7 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 8 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 9 fused fuse VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 10 downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 11 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 12 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 13 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 14 reading read VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 15 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 335 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 2 allows allow VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 3 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 4 assay assay NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 5 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 6 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 7 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 8 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 11 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 12 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 13 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 14 either either CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 16 + + SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 17 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 18 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 19 -1 -1 JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 20 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 336 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 1 Translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 2 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 4 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 5 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 6 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 8 0 0 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 10 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 11 p p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 12 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 13 A a NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 15 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 16 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 18 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 19 normal normal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 20 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 21 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 22 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 24 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 25 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 27 allows allow VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 28 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 29 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 30 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 31 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 32 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 33 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 34 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 35 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 36 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 37 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 38 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 337 39 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 1 However however RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 3 translating translate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 5 + + SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 6 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 7 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 8 -1 -1 IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 9 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 10 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 11 allows allow VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 12 no no DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 13 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 14 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 16 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 17 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 18 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 20 demonstrating demonstrate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 22 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 23 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 24 specificity specificity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 25 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 26 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 338 27 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 1 Frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 2 does do VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 3 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 4 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 5 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 7 -1 -1 JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 8 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 9 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 10 any any DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 13 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 14 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 15 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 17 indicating indicate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 18 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 19 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 20 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 21 directional directional JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 339 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 2 Model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 3 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 4 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 5 Frameshifting Frameshifting NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 6 Deletion Deletion NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 7 analysis analysis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 8 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 9 missense missense NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 10 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 11 define define VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 12 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 13 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 14 essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 15 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 16 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 340 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 2 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 4 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 6 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 8 C C NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 10 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 11 some some DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 12 interesting interesting JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 13 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 341 14 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 1 Over over IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 2 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 3 lapping lap VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 4 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 5 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 7 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 10 0 0 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 11 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 12 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 13 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 14 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 16 + + NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 17 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 18 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 20 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 21 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 22 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 23 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 24 single single JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 25 isoacceptor isoacceptor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 26 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 27 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 28 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 29 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 30 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 342 31 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 2 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 3 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 4 recognize recognize VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 5 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 6 six six CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 9 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 10 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 11 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 12 virtue virtue NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 14 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 15 unmodified unmodified JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 16 uracil uracil NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 17 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 19 wobble wobble NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 20 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 22 Randerath Randerath NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 23 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 24 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 25 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 27 1979 1979 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 28 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 29 Weissenbach Weissenbach NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 30 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 31 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 32 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 33 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 34 1977 1977 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 343 36 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 1 Modified modified JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 2 uracil uracil NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 3 residues residue NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 4 recognize recognize VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 5 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 6 purines purine NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 8 whereas whereas IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 9 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 10 unmodified unmodified JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 11 uracil uracil NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 12 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 13 recognize recognize VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 14 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 15 four four CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 16 bases basis NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 18 Heckman Heckman NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 19 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 20 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 21 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 22 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 23 1980 1980 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 24 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 25 Sibler Sibler NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 26 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 27 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 28 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 29 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 30 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 32 ; ; , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 33 unmodified unmodified JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 34 uracil uracil NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 35 residues residue NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 37 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 38 consequently consequently RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 39 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 40 recognition recognition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 41 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 42 four four CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 43 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 45 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 46 common common JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 47 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 48 mitochondrial mitochondrial JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 344 49 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 345 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 345 2 Barrel1 Barrel1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 345 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 345 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 345 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 345 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 345 7 1980 1980 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 345 8 ; ; . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 1 Bonitz Bonitz NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 4 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 6 1980 1980 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 7 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 8 Heckman Heckman NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 9 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 10 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 11 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 13 1980 1980 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 14 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 15 Sibler Sibler NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 16 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 17 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 18 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 20 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 22 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 23 where where WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 24 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 25 much much RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 26 smaller small JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 27 number number NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 28 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 29 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 30 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 31 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 32 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 33 translate translate VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 34 all all PDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 35 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 36 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 37 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 38 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 39 mitochondrial mitochondrial JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 40 genome genome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 346 41 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 2 characteristic characteristic NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 3 makes make VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 4 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 5 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 6 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 7 ideal ideal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 8 candidate candidate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 9 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 10 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 11 shifty shifty JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 12 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 14 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 16 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 17 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 18 major major JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 19 isoacceptor isoacceptor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 20 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 21 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 23 present present JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 24 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 25 48 48 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 26 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 27 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 28 level level NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 29 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 30 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 31 most most RBS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 32 abundant abundant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 33 isoacceptor isoacceptor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 34 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 35 tRNAcAA tRNAcAA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 36 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 37 Leu Leu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 38 * * NFP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 39 Ikemura Ikemura NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 40 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 41 1982 1982 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 43 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 44 satisfies satisfie NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 45 wobble wobble VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 46 rules rule NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 47 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 48 both both DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 49 reading read VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 50 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 347 51 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 2 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 3 unique unique JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 4 characteristic characteristic NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 6 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 7 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 8 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 10 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 11 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 348 12 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 2 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 3 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 4 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 5 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 6 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 7 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 8 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 9 abundance abundance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 10 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 12 tRNA$'u tRNA$'u NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 14 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 15 single single JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 16 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 17 copy copy NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 18 essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 19 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 349 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 1 These these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 2 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 3 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 4 suggest suggest VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 6 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 7 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 8 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 9 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 10 retains retain VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 11 features feature NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 13 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 14 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 15 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 16 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 17 systems system NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 350 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 2 slippery slippery JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 3 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 5 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 6 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 8 0 0 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 9 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 10 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 11 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 12 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 14 + + NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 15 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 16 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 18 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 19 possible possible JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 20 because because IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 21 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 23 unique unique NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 24 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 25 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 351 26 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 2 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 3 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 4 could could MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 5 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 6 induced induce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 7 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 9 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 10 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 11 abundance abundance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 12 tRNA'$$ trna'$$ NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 352 14 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 1 Pausing pause VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 2 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 3 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 4 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 5 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 6 hungry hungry JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 7 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 8 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 10 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 11 whose whose WP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 12 cognate cognate JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 13 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 14 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 15 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 16 short short JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 17 supply supply NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 19 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 20 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 21 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 22 systems system NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 24 Spanjaard Spanjaard NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 25 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 26 van van NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 27 Duin Duin NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 28 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 29 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 30 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 31 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 32 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 33 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 34 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 35 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 36 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 37 may may MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 38 satisfy satisfy VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 39 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 40 apparent apparent JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 41 requirement requirement NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 42 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 43 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 44 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 45 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 46 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 47 induce induce VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 48 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 353 49 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 2 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 4 diagrammed diagram VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 5 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 6 Figure Figure NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 7 4 4 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 9 states state VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 10 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 11 ribosomes ribosomes VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 12 encountering encounter VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 14 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 15 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 16 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 17 because because IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 20 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 21 availability availability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 22 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 23 tRNA$u trna$u NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 354 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 1 Peptidyl Peptidyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 2 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 3 tRNA&e tRNA&e NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 5 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 7 P p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 8 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 11 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 13 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 15 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 16 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 19 slips slip VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 355 20 forward forward RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 356 1 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 357 1 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 357 2 during during IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 357 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 357 4 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 357 5 onto onto IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 357 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 357 7 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 357 8 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 357 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 358 1 Translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 358 2 continues continue VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 358 3 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 358 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 358 5 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 358 6 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 358 7 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 358 8 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 358 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 359 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 359 2 have have VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 359 3 provided provide VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 359 4 experimental experimental JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 359 5 evidence evidence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 359 6 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 359 7 support support VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 359 8 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 359 9 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 359 10 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 1 Peptide peptide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 2 sequencing sequencing NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 3 through through IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 5 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 6 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 7 indicates indicate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 8 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 9 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 11 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 12 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 14 eliminating eliminate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 16 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 17 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 18 slippage slippage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 19 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 21 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 22 seen see VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 23 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 24 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 360 25 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 1 Overproduction overproduction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 3 tRNA$u trna$u NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 4 decreases decrease NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 5 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 6 approximately approximately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 7 43-fold 43-fold CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 9 presumably presumably RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 10 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 11 eliminating eliminate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 13 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 14 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 15 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 17 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 18 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 361 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 1 Since since IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 2 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 3 ' ' POS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 4 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 5 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 6 now now RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 7 abundant abundant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 9 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 10 background background NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 12 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 13 continues continue VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 14 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 16 0 0 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 17 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 18 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 19 terminates terminate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 20 immediately immediately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 21 downstream downstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 362 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 2 suggests suggest VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 4 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 5 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 6 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 7 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 8 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 9 essential essential JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 10 component component NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 13 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 14 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 15 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 16 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 17 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 19 seems seem VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 20 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 21 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 22 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 23 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 24 systems system NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 363 25 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 1 Significantly significantly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 3 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 4 high high JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 5 copy copy NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 6 number number NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 7 suppressor suppressor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 9 Ty ty JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 10 transposition transposition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 11 maps map NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 12 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 14 tRNA$ trna$ NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 15 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 17 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 18 result result NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 19 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 20 directly directly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 21 supports support VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 23 importance importance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 24 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 25 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 26 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 27 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 28 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 29 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 30 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 31 p p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 32 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 33 B b NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 34 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 35 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 36 hence hence RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 37 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 38 transposition transposition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 40 H. H. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 41 Xu Xu NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 42 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 43 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 44 D. D. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 45 Boeke Boeke NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 46 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 47 personal personal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 48 communication communication NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 364 50 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 365 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 365 2 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 365 3 result result NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 365 4 implicates implicate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 365 5 tRNA$o trna$o XX cord-321868-xk4yuibj 365 6 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 365 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 365 8 slippery slippery JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 365 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 365 10 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 1 Since since IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 2 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 3 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 4 may may MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 5 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 7 only only JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 8 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 9 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 10 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 11 decode decode VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 12 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 14 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 15 reasoned reason VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 16 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 17 overproduction overproduction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 19 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 20 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 21 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 22 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 23 decodes decode VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 24 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 25 exclusively exclusively RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 26 would would MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 27 compete compete VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 28 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 29 tRNA/- tRNA/- NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 30 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 31 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 32 reduce reduce VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 33 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 366 34 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 2 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 3 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 4 would would MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 5 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 6 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 7 expected expect VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 8 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 9 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 10 step step NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 11 necessitates necessitate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 12 recognition recognition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 15 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 16 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 17 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 18 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 19 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 367 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 1 Owing owe VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 2 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 4 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 5 availability availability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 7 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 8 ' ' POS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 9 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 11 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 12 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 13 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 14 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 16 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 17 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 18 allows allow VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 19 time time NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 20 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 21 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 22 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 23 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 24 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 25 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 26 steo steo NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 27 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 368 28 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 2 commitment commitment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 3 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 4 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 5 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 6 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 7 step step NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 8 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 9 when when WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 11 next next JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 12 +1 +1 HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 13 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 14 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 15 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 16 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 17 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 19 cognate cognate JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 20 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 22 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 23 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 24 able able JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 25 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 26 slip slip VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 27 onto onto IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 28 UUA UUA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 369 29 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 1 Changing change VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 2 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 3 anticodon anticodon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 4 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 5 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 6 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 8 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 9 create create VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 10 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 11 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 12 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 13 overproducing overproduce VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 14 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 15 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 16 results result VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 17 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 18 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 19 43-fold 43-fold CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 20 inhibition inhibition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 21 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 22 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 370 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 1 Clearly clearly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 3 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 4 result result NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 5 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 7 importance importance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 9 tRNAfze tRNAfze NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 12 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 13 event event NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 371 14 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 1 As as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 2 indicated indicate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 3 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 5 missense missense NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 6 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 7 data datum NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 9 some some DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 10 changes change NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 11 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 13 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 14 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 15 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 16 allow allow VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 17 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 18 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 19 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 20 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 372 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 1 These these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 2 changes change NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 3 allow allow VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 4 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 5 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 6 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 8 approximately approximately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 9 20-to 20-to CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 10 30-fold 30-fold RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 11 below below IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 12 that that DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 13 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 15 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 16 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 17 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 18 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 373 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 2 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 3 difficult difficult JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 4 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 5 ascertain ascertain VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 6 why why WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 7 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 8 can can MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 9 occur occur VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 11 some some DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 13 these these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 14 cases case NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 15 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 16 however however RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 18 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 19 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 20 cases case NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 21 showing show VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 23 highest high JJS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 24 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 25 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 26 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 27 may may MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 28 share share VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 29 some some DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 30 features feature NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 31 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 32 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 33 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 34 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 35 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 36 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 374 37 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 2 A a NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 3 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 4 C C NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 5 change change NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 6 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 8 first first JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 9 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 12 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 13 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 14 produces produce VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 15 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 16 CGG CGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 17 arginine arginine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 18 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 19 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 21 0 0 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 22 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 23 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 24 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 25 ULJC ULJC NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 26 phenylalanine phenylalanine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 27 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 28 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 30 + + SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 31 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 32 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 375 33 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 1 CGG CGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 2 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 3 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 4 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 6 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 7 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 8 rare rare JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 11 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 12 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 376 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 2 possible possible JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 3 reason reason NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 4 why why WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 5 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 6 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 7 does do VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 8 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 9 support support VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 10 higher high JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 11 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 13 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 14 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 15 seen see VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 16 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 18 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 19 usage usage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 20 pattern pattern NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 21 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 22 CGG CGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 377 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 1 CGG CGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 2 appears appear VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 3 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 4 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 5 level level NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 6 7-fold 7-fold CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 7 below below IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 8 that that DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 10 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 11 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 12 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 13 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 15 Aota Aota NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 16 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 17 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 18 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 20 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 378 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 2 lower low JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 3 demand demand NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 4 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 5 tRNA$zo tRNA$zo NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 6 could could MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 7 reduce reduce VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 9 length length NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 12 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 13 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 14 needed need VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 15 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 16 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 379 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 2 should should MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 3 result result VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 4 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 6 lower low JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 7 proportion proportion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 9 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 10 events event NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 11 occurring occur VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 12 before before IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 13 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 14 continues continue VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 15 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 16 insertion insertion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 18 arginine arginine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 19 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 21 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 22 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 23 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 24 CGG CGG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 25 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 380 26 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 2 G g NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 3 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 4 U u PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 5 change change NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 6 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 8 third third JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 9 position position NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 12 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 13 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 14 retains retain VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 16 CUU CUU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 17 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 18 UUA uua VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 19 slippery slippery JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 20 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 21 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 22 changes change VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 24 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 25 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 26 Arg arg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 27 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 28 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 29 AGU AGU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 30 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 31 Ser Ser NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 381 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 1 AGU AGU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 2 must must MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 3 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 4 allow allow VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 6 shorter short JJR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 7 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 8 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 10 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 11 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 12 decodes decode VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 14 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 15 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 16 been be VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 17 identified identify VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 19 so so IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 20 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 21 do do VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 22 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 23 know know VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 24 if if IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 26 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 27 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 28 rare rare JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 29 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 30 abundant abundant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 31 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 382 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 1 Thus thus RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 2 far far RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 4 attempts attempt VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 5 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 6 create create VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 7 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 8 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 9 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 10 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 11 replacing replace VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 13 AGO AGO NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 14 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 15 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 16 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 17 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 18 recognized recognize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 19 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 20 nonabundant nonabundant JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 21 tRNAs trna NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 22 have have VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 23 failed fail VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 383 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 1 An an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 2 experiment experiment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 3 that that WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 4 definitively definitively RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 5 tests test VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 6 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 7 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 8 uses use VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 9 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 10 family family NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 12 strains strain NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 13 retaining retain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 14 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 15 eight eight CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 16 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 17 only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 18 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 19 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 21 tRNA$ tRNA$ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 22 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 23 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 24 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 25 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 26 expectation expectation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 27 being be VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 28 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 29 when when WRB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 30 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 31 cell cell NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 32 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 33 limited limit VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 34 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 35 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 36 decoding decode VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 37 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 38 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 39 tyrosine tyrosine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 40 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 41 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 42 competition competition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 43 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 44 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 45 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 46 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 47 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 48 will will MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 49 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 50 severe severe JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 51 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 52 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 53 substantial substantial JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 54 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 55 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 56 should should MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 57 result result VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 384 58 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 2 fact fact NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 3 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 4 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 6 too too RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 8 failed fail VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 9 forces force NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 10 us -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 11 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 12 conclude conclude VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 13 either either CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 14 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 15 competition competition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 16 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 18 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 19 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 21 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 22 especially especially RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 23 severe severe JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 24 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 25 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 27 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 28 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 29 induced induce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 30 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 31 competition competition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 32 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 33 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 34 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 35 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 36 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 37 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 38 only only JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 39 function function NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 40 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 41 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 42 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 43 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 44 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 45 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 46 second second JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 47 role role NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 48 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 49 being be VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 50 satisfied satisfied JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 51 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 52 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 53 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 54 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 55 tested test VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 385 56 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 2 more more RBR cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 3 exhaustive exhaustive JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 4 search search NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 5 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 6 possible possible JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 7 substitute substitute NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 8 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 9 pause pause NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 10 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 11 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 12 may may MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 13 determine determine VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 14 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 15 possibility possibility NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 16 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 17 correct correct JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 386 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 1 Remarkably remarkably RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 3 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 4 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 5 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 6 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 7 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 8 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 9 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 11 proximity proximity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 14 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 15 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 16 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 18 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 19 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 20 codon codon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 387 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 2 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 3 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 4 first first RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 5 observed observe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 6 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 7 placement placement NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 10 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 11 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 12 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 13 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 14 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 15 four four CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 16 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 18 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 19 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 20 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 21 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 22 Ty2 ty2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 23 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 388 24 917 917 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 389 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 389 2 Clare Clare NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 389 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 389 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 389 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 389 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 389 7 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 389 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 389 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 390 1 Frameshifting Frameshifting NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 390 2 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 390 3 completely completely RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 390 4 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 390 5 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 3 placement placement NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 4 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 6 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 8 same same JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 9 distance distance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 10 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 12 I-/MA I-/MA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 13 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 14 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 15 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 16 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 391 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 1 Addition addition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 3 another another DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 4 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 5 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 6 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 7 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 8 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 9 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 11 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 12 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 13 restores restore VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 14 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 392 15 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 2 proximity proximity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 3 effect effect NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 4 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 5 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 6 been be VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 7 observed observe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 8 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 9 examined examine VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 11 other other JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 12 systems system NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 13 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 14 may may MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 15 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 16 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 17 general general JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 18 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 393 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 2 hypothesize hypothesize VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 3 that that DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 4 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 5 immediately immediately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 6 after after IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 7 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 8 might may MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 9 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 10 fundamentally fundamentally RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 11 different different JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 12 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 13 that that DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 14 during during IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 16 elongation elongation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 17 phase phase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 394 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 395 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 395 2 difference difference NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 395 3 could could MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 395 4 perturb perturb VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 395 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 395 6 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 395 7 's 's POS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 395 8 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 395 9 ability ability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 395 10 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 1 Experiments experiment NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 2 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 3 under under IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 4 way way NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 5 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 6 understand understand VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 7 what what WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 8 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 9 determine determine VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 11 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 12 's 's POS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 13 ability ability NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 14 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 15 frameshift frameshift VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 16 early early RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 17 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 18 elongation elongation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 396 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 397 1 Yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 397 2 Strains Strains NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 397 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 397 4 Media medium NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 397 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 397 6 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 397 7 General General NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 397 8 Methods Methods NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 2 S. S. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 3 cerevisiae cerevisiae NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 4 strain strain NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 5 used use VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 6 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 7 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 8 work work NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 9 unless unless IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 10 otherwise otherwise RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 11 indicated indicate VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 12 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 13 337 337 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 14 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 15 1D 1d CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 17 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 18 hi&A38um3 hi&a38um3 JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 19 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 20 52 52 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 21 trpl-289 trpl-289 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 22 HO HO NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 23 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 24 J J NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 25 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 26 l l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 398 28 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 399 1 Analysis analysis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 399 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 399 3 directionality directionality NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 399 4 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 399 5 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 399 6 also also RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 399 7 done do VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 399 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 399 9 strain strain NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 400 1 LO361 LO361 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 400 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 400 3 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 400 4 his&z8 his&z8 JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 400 5 lysl-1-o lysl-1-o : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 400 6 met8-l met8-l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 400 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 400 8 am am NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 400 9 sup43 sup43 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 401 1 ura3 ura3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 401 2 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 401 3 52 52 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 401 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 401 5 kindly kindly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 401 6 provided provide VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 401 7 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 401 8 Gerald Gerald NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 401 9 Fink Fink NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 401 10 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 2 strain strain NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 3 carries carry VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 4 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 5 temperature temperature NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 6 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 7 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 8 amber amber NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 9 suppressor suppressor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 11 suppressing suppress VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 12 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 13 3tX 3tx CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 14 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 15 not not RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 16 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 17 37 37 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 18 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 402 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 1 Analysis analysis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 3 tyrosine tyrosine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 4 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 5 substitutions substitution NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 6 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 7 done do VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 9 strains strain NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 10 kindly kindly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 11 provided provide VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 12 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 13 Maynard Maynard NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 14 Olson Olson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 403 15 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 2 strains strain NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 3 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 4 deleted delete VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 5 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 6 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 7 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 8 six six CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 9 copies copy NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 12 eight eight CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 13 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 14 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 15 genetic genetic JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 16 loci locus NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 18 sup2 sup2 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 19 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 20 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 21 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 22 71 71 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 24 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 25 have have VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 27 following following JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 28 genotype genotype NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 29 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 30 MAW MAW NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 31 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 32 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 33 a&2-l a&2-l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 34 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 35 o o NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 36 /ys2 /ys2 . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 37 - - : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 38 7-o 7-o CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 39 trp52-o trp52-o NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 40 leul-12 leul-12 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 41 canlloo-0 canlloo-0 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 42 ~~3 ~~3 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 43 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 44 1 1 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 45 met4-l met4-l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 46 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 47 o o NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 49 Burke Burke NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 50 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 51 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 404 53 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 1 Strain strain NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 2 ABl143 ABl143 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 3 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 4 deleted delete VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 5 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 6 sup8 sup8 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 7 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 8 _SP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 9 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 10 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 11 pMB38 pmb38 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 12 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 13 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 14 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 15 Figure figure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 16 1 1 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 405 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 2 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 3 contains contain VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 5 URA3 URA3 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 6 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 7 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 9 2um 2um JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 10 origin origin NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 12 replication replication NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 13 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 14 pLGSD5 pLGSD5 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 16 Guarente Guarente NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 17 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 18 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 19 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 21 1982 1982 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 23 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 24 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 25 Struncated Struncated NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 26 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 27 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 28 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 29 pMC1790 pmc1790 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 31 Casadaban Casadaban NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 32 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 33 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 34 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 35 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 36 1983 1983 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 38 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 39 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 40 construction construction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 41 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 42 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 43 portion portion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 44 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 45 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 46 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 47 has have VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 48 been be VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 49 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 406 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 407 1 Liao Liao NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 407 2 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 407 3 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 407 4 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 407 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 407 6 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 407 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 407 8 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 2 HIS4.A HIS4.A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 3 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 4 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 5 introduced introduce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 6 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 7 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 8 1.2 1.2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 9 kb kb NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 10 Sall Sall NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 11 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 12 BamHI BamHI NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 13 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 14 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 15 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 16 Xhol Xhol NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 18 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 19 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 408 21 pNoUp pNoUp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 409 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 409 2 Liao Liao NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 409 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 409 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 409 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 409 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 409 7 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 409 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 409 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 1 Replacement replacement NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 4 BamHI bamhi NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 6 Sacl Sacl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 7 laczfragment laczfragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 8 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 10 complementary complementary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 11 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 12 containing contain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 14 BamHI BamHI NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 15 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 16 Kpnl Kpnl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 17 linker linker NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 18 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 20 5'end 5'end CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 21 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 22 /a&creates /a&creates CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 23 pMB38 pMB38 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 410 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 2 laczgene laczgene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 3 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 4 fused fuse VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 5 via via IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 6 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 7 BamHI BamHI NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 8 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 9 Kpnl Kpnl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 10 linker linker NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 11 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 13 HIS4A HIS4A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 14 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 15 33 33 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 16 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 17 downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 20 HI.%4 HI.%4 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 21 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 22 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 411 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 1 Missense Missense NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 3 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 4 substitution substitution NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 6 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 7 directionality directionality NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 8 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 9 containing contain VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 11 9 9 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 12 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 13 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 14 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 15 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 16 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 17 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 18 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 19 introduced introduce VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 20 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 22 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 23 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 24 Kpnl Kpnl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 25 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 26 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 27 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 28 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 29 Derbyshire Derbyshire NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 30 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 31 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 412 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 413 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 413 2 1986 1986 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 413 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 413 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 414 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 414 2 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 414 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 414 4 directionality directionality NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 414 5 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 414 6 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 414 7 shown show VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 414 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 414 9 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 414 10 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 414 11 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 1 Missense missense NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 2 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 3 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 4 substitution substitution NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 5 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 6 have have VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 8 following follow VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 9 general general JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 10 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 11 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 12 SGATCCGCTGACACTT SGATCCGCTGACACTT NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 13 ~ ~ NFP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 14 GCCA GCCA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 15 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 16 TGAGGTAC-3 TGAGGTAC-3 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 17 ' ' '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 415 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 2 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 3 contains contain VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 4 5'and 5'and CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 5 3'overhangs 3'overhangs CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 6 complementary complementary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 7 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 8 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 9 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 10 Kpnl Kpnl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 11 half half JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 12 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 13 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 15 respectively respectively RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 416 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 417 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 417 2 allowed allow VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 417 3 cloning clone VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 417 4 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 417 5 pMB38 pMB38 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 417 6 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 417 7 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 417 8 above above RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 417 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 2 underlined underlined JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 3 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 4 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 5 subjected subject VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 6 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 7 missense missense NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 8 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 9 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 10 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 11 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 13 text text NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 14 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 15 changed change VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 16 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 17 specific specific JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 18 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 19 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 20 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 21 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 23 section section NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 24 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 25 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 26 substitutions substitution NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 28 see see VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 29 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 30 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 418 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 1 An an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 2 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 3 identical identical JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 4 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 5 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 6 except except IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 7 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 8 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 9 addition addition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 11 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 12 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 13 following follow VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 15 underlined underline VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 16 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 17 fuses fuse VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 18 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 19 upstream upstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 20 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 21 downstream downstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 22 reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 23 frames frame NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 24 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 25 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 419 26 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 2 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 4 called call VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 5 Smer Smer NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 6 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 7 fusion fusion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 8 ; ; : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 9 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 10 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 12 allows allow VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 13 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 14 quantitation quantitation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 15 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 17 level level NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 19 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 420 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 1 Top top JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 2 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 3 bottom bottom JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 4 strands strand NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 6 flanking flank VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 7 terminator terminator NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 8 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 9 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 10 deletion deletion NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 11 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 13 depicted depict VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 14 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 15 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 16 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 18 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 19 annealed anneal VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 20 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 21 cloned clone VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 22 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 24 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 25 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 26 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 27 pMB25 pMB25 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 28 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 29 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 30 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 31 Clare Clare NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 32 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 33 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 421 34 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 422 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 422 2 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 422 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 422 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 1 pMB25 pMB25 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 2 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 3 identical identical JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 4 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 5 pMB38 pMB38 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 6 except except IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 7 that that IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 9 lacks lack VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 11 Kpnl Kpnl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 12 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 13 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 15 junction junction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 17 H H NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 18 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 19 WA WA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 20 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 21 lacZ. lacZ. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 22 Construction Construction NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 23 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 24 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 25 proximity proximity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 26 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 27 mutations mutation NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 28 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 30 HIS4A HIS4A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 31 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 32 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 33 done do VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 34 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 35 utilizing utilize VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 36 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 37 polymerase polymerase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 38 chain chain NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 39 reaction reaction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 41 PCR PCR NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 423 43 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 1 An an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 2 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 4 Sal Sal NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 6 upstream upstream NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 8 see see VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 9 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 10 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 13 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 15 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 16 ' ' SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 17 20 20 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 18 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 19 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 20 complementary complementary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 21 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 23 noncoding noncoding JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 24 strand strand NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 25 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 27 HIS4.A HIS4.A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 28 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 29 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 30 primes prime VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 31 synthesis synthesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 32 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 33 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 34 coding code VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 35 strand strand NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 36 beginning begin VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 37 708 708 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 38 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 39 upstream upstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 40 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 41 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 42 protein protein NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 43 coding code VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 44 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 46 Donahue Donahue NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 47 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 48 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 49 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 50 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 51 1982 1982 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 424 53 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 1 Downstream downstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 3 six six CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 4 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 6 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 7 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 9 3'20 3'20 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 10 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 11 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 12 complementary complementary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 13 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 15 coding code VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 16 strand strand NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 18 prime prime JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 19 synthesis synthesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 22 noncoding noncoding JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 23 strand strand NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 24 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 25 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 26 intervals interval NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 27 immediately immediately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 28 after after IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 30 initiation initiation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 31 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 425 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 2 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 4 these these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 5 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 7 called call VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 8 2p-7p 2p-7p CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 10 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 11 listed list VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 12 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 13 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 14 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 426 15 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 1 PCR PCR NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 2 reactions reaction NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 3 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 4 done do VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 5 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 6 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 7 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 9 manufacturer manufacturer NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 11 Cetus Cetus NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 12 Corporation Corporation NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 14 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 15 plasmid plasmid NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 16 pSal1 pSal1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 18 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 19 contains contain VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 20 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 21 complete complete JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 22 HIS4 HIS4 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 23 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 427 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 2 upstream upstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 3 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 4 incorporates incorporate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 6 Sall Sall NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 7 restriction restriction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 8 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 9 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 11 downstream downstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 12 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 13 incorporating incorporate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 14 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 15 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 16 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 428 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 2 PCR PCR NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 3 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 4 generated generate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 5 frag frag NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 6 ments ment NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 7 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 8 digested digest VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 9 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 10 Sall Sall NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 11 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 12 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 13 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 14 cloned clone VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 15 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 16 theXhol theXhol NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 18 BamHl BamHl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 19 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 21 pNoUp pNoUp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 429 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 1 Subsequently subsequently RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 4 BamHI bamhi NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 6 Sacl Sacl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 7 laczfragment laczfragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 8 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 9 pNoUp pNoUp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 10 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 11 replaced replace VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 12 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 13 either either CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 15 BamHI BamHI NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 16 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 17 Sacl Sacl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 18 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 19 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 21 pMBS&SmerVvT pMBS&SmerVvT NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 22 or or CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 24 BamHI BamHI NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 25 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 26 Sacl Sacl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 27 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 28 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 29 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 430 30 pTy1812Al225-CO pTy1812Al225-CO NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 2 Clare Clare NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 3 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 4 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 5 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 7 1988 1988 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 9 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 10 incorporate incorporate VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 12 9 9 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 13 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 14 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 15 14 14 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 16 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 17 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 18 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 20 respectively respectively RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 431 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 432 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 432 2 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 432 3 used use VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 432 4 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 432 5 overexpress overexpress VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 432 6 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 432 7 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 432 8 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 432 9 pMB3E9merWT pmb3e9merwt XX cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 2 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 3 contains contain VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 5 missense missense NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 6 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 7 depicted depict VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 8 above above RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 9 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 11 wild wild JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 12 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 13 type type NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 14 9 9 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 15 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 16 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 17 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 433 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 2 unique unique JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 3 TtHllll TtHllll NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 4 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 5 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 6 blunted blunt VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 7 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 8 DNA dna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 9 polymerase polymerase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 10 I -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 11 large large JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 12 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 13 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 14 joined join VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 15 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 16 Sall Sall NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 17 8-mer 8-mer CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 18 linkers linker NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 20 New New NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 21 England England NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 22 Biolabs Biolabs NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 434 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 2 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 3 HI3 HI3 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 5 Gafner Gafner NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 6 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 7 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 8 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 10 1983 1983 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 13 kind kind JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 14 gift gift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 15 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 16 Peter Peter NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 17 Philippsen Philippsen NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 19 contains contain VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 20 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 21 2.15 2.15 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 22 kb kb NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 23 Xhol Xhol NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 24 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 25 carrying carry VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 27 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 28 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 29 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 30 ! ! . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 31 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 435 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 2 Xhol Xhol NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 3 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 4 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 5 cloned clone VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 6 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 8 Sall Sall NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 9 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 11 pMB38 pMB38 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 12 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 13 9merWT 9merwt CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 14 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 15 create create VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 436 17 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 437 1 pMB36-SmerWT pMB36-SmerWT NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 437 2 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 437 3 tRNA$$ trna$$ CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 437 4 Le Le NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 438 1 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 2 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 3 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 4 encoding encode VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 5 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 6 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 7 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 12 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 13 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 15 u u NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 17 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 18 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 19 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 20 overexpressed overexpresse VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 21 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 23 same same JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 24 pMB38 pMB38 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 25 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 26 9merWf 9merwf CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 27 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 439 28 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 2 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 3 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 4 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 5 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 6 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 7 found find VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 8 immediately immediately RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 9 upstream upstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 10 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 12 LEUP LEUP NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 13 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 440 14 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 1 PCR PCR NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 2 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 3 performed perform VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 4 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 6 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 7 bearing bear VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 9 2.2 2.2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 10 kb kb NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 11 Xhol Xhol NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 12 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 13 Sall Sall NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 14 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 15 carry carry VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 16 ing ing DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 17 LEUP LEUP NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 18 using use VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 20 Sal Sal NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 21 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 22 downstream downstream NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 23 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 24 ENX enx NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 25 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 26 upstream upstream NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 27 primers primer NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 29 see see VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 30 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 31 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 441 33 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 2 product product NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 3 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 4 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 5 548 548 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 6 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 7 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 8 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 9 EcoRI EcoRI NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 11 Ndel Ndel NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 13 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 14 Xhol Xhol NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 15 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 16 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 18 upstream upstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 19 end end NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 20 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 22 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 23 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 24 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 25 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 26 Sall Sall NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 27 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 28 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 29 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 30 downstream downstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 31 end end NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 442 32 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 1 Ndel Ndel NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 2 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 3 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 4 Sallcleaved Sallcleaved NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 5 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 6 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 7 cloned clone VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 8 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 9 pUCl3 pucl3 NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 10 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 12 unique unique JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 13 Ndel Ndel NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 14 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 15 Sall Sall NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 16 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 443 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 2 resulting result VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 3 clone clone NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 4 lacks lack VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 5 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 6 unique unique JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 7 Narl Narl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 8 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 10 pUC13 pUC13 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 12 but but CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 13 introduces introduce VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 14 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 15 unique unique JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 16 Narl Narl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 17 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 18 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 20 insert insert NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 21 starting start VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 22 11 11 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 23 bp bp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 24 upstream upstream RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 25 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 26 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 27 anticodon anticodon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 28 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 444 29 tRNALgA. tRNALgA. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 445 1 To to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 445 2 construct construct VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 445 3 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 445 4 three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 445 5 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 445 6 replacements replacement NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 445 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 445 8 tRNAL trnal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 1 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 4 adapted adapt VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 5 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 6 PCR PCR NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 7 procedure procedure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 9 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 10 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 11 whole whole JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 12 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 13 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 14 amplified amplify VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 15 using use VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 16 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 17 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 19 divergent divergent JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 20 primers primer NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 22 Hemsley Hemsley NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 23 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 24 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 25 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 27 1989 1989 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 446 29 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 2 Narl Narl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 3 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 4 opposite opposite JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 5 strand strand NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 6 primer primer NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 8 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 9 7 7 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 11 primes prime VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 12 synthesis synthesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 13 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 15 unique unique JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 16 Narl Narl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 17 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 18 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 19 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 20 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 21 away away RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 22 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 23 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 24 tRNALgA tRNALgA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 25 anticodon anticodon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 447 26 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 1 Three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 2 primers primer NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 3 incorporating incorporate VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 5 novel novel JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 6 anticodons anticodon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 9 AAG AAG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 11 UAG UAG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 448 12 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 1 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 2 AAU AAU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 3 primers primer NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 5 Table Table NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 6 _SP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 7 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 9 prime prime JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 10 synthesis synthesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 11 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 13 Narl Narl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 14 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 15 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 16 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 17 opposite opposite JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 18 direction direction NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 449 19 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 2 product product NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 3 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 4 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 5 linear linear JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 6 form form NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 8 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 9 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 10 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 11 Narl Narl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 12 sites site NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 13 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 14 either either DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 15 end end NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 16 carrying carry VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 17 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 18 novel novel JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 19 anticodons anticodon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 450 20 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 2 product product NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 3 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 4 digested digest VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 5 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 6 Narl Narl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 7 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 8 recircularized recircularize VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 9 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 10 recover recover VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 12 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 13 bearing bear VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 15 novel novel NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 16 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 17 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 451 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 2 Xhol Xhol NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 3 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 4 Sal1 Sal1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 5 fragment fragment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 6 encompassing encompass VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 7 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 8 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 9 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 10 transferred transfer VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 11 into into IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 12 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 13 Sal1 Sal1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 14 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 15 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 16 pMB38 pMB38 NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 17 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 18 9merWT 9merwt CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 19 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 20 isolates isolate NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 21 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 22 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 23 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 24 which which WDT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 25 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 26 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 27 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 28 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 29 oriented orient VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 30 pointing point VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 31 toward toward IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 32 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 33 3'end 3'end CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 34 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 35 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 36 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 37 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 38 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 39 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 40 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 41 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 42 selected select VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 452 43 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 1 These these DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 2 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 3 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 4 pMB38-SmerWT pMB38-SmerWT NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 6 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 7 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 8 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 9 pMB38-SmerWT pMB38-SmerWT NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 10 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 11 tRNAt tRNAt NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 12 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 14 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 15 pMB3&9merWT pMB3&9merWT NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 16 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 17 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 18 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 19 pGalactosidase pGalactosidase NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 20 Purification Purification NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 21 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 22 Protein Protein NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 453 23 Sequencing Sequencing NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 2 protocol protocol NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 3 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 4 p p NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 6 galactosidase galactosidase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 7 purification purification NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 8 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 9 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 10 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 11 provided provide VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 12 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 13 Robert Robert NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 14 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 15 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 16 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 17 essentially essentially RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 18 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 19 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 21 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 22 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 23 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 24 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 25 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 26 1989 1989 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 454 28 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 455 1 Yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 455 2 strain strain NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 455 3 387-lD 387-ld CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 455 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 455 5 transformed transform VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 455 6 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 455 7 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 1 p3p-9merWT p3p-9merWT NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 2 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 3 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 4 grown grow VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 5 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 6 30 30 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 7 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 9 18 18 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 10 liters liter NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 12 SD sd NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 13 minimal minimal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 14 medium medium NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 15 supplemented supplement VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 16 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 17 20 20 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 18 mgll mgll NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 19 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 20 histidine histidine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 21 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 22 tryptophan tryptophan NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 23 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 24 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 25 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 26 glucose glucose NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 456 27 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 1 At at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 2 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 3 culture culture NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 4 density density NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 6 ~'&I ~'&i NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 7 = = SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 8 1 1 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 11 cells cell NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 12 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 13 pelleted pellete VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 15 washed wash VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 16 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 17 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 18 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 19 fourth fourth JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 20 volume volume NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 21 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 22 buffer buffer NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 23 A a NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 25 50 50 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 26 mM mM NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 27 Tris Tris NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 28 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 29 HCI HCI NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 31 pH pH NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 32 7.41 7.41 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 33 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 34 150 150 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 35 mM mm CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 36 NaCI naci NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 37 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 38 5 5 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 39 mM mm CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 40 EDTA EDTA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 457 41 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 1 0.1 0.1 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 2 % % NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 3 Tween Tween NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 4 20 20 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 6 10 10 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 7 mM mm CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 8 & & CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 9 mercaptoethanol mercaptoethanol NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 11 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 12 0.5 0.5 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 13 mM mm CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 14 PMSF PMSF NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 18 then then RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 19 resuspended resuspend VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 20 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 22 same same JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 23 buffer buffer NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 25 3 3 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 26 ml ml NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 27 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 28 buffer buffer NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 29 per per IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 30 gram gram NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 31 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 32 cells cell NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 458 34 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 1 Cells cell NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 2 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 3 broken break VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 4 using use VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 5 10 10 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 6 g g NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 8 400 400 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 9 urn urn NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 10 glass glass NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 11 beads bead NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 13 Sigma Sigma NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 15 per per IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 16 4 4 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 17 ml ml NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 19 suspension suspension NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 20 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 21 vortexing vortexe VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 22 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 23 4 4 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 24 min min NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 25 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 26 1 1 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 27 min min NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 28 incubations incubation NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 29 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 30 ice ice NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 31 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 32 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 33 minute minute NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 34 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 35 vortexing vortexing NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 459 36 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 1 Cell cell NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 2 debris debris NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 3 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 4 beads bead NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 5 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 6 pelleted pellete VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 7 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 8 centrifugation centrifugation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 9 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 10 2000 2000 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 11 x x SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 12 g g NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 13 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 14 15 15 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 15 min min NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 460 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 2 resulting result VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 3 supernatant supernatant NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 4 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 5 then then RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 6 centrifuged centrifuge VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 7 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 8 90 90 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 9 min min NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 10 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 11 100,000 100,000 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 12 x x SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 13 g g NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 14 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 15 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 16 Beckman Beckman NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 17 TLlOO TLlOO NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 18 centrifuge centrifuge NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 19 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 20 pellet pellet NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 21 organelles organelle NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 461 22 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 2 clear clear JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 3 supernatant supernatant NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 4 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 5 collected collect VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 6 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 7 passed pass VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 8 over over RP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 9 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 10 anti+-galactosidase anti+-galactosidase NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 11 immunoaffinity immunoaffinity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 12 column column NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 14 Protosorb Protosorb NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 16 Promega Promega NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 17 Biotec Biotec NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 19 equilibrated equilibrate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 20 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 21 buffer buffer NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 462 22 A. a. NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 2 eluate eluate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 3 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 4 concentrated concentrate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 5 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 6 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 7 Centricon Centricon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 8 30 30 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 9 centrifuge centrifuge NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 10 chamber chamber NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 12 Amicon Amicon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 15 washed wash VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 16 four four CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 17 times time NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 18 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 19 HPLC HPLC NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 20 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 21 grade grade NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 22 water water NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 23 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 24 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 25 then then RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 26 placed place VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 27 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 28 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 29 cartridge cartridge NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 30 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 31 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 32 Applied Applied NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 33 Biosystems Biosystems NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 34 475A 475a CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 35 protein protein NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 36 sequencer sequencer NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 37 equipped equip VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 38 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 39 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 40 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 41 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 42 line line NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 43 Applied Applied NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 44 Biosystems Biosystems NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 45 120A 120A NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 46 high high JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 47 performance performance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 48 liquid liquid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 49 chromatography chromatography NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 50 analyzer analyzer NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 51 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 463 52 ! ! . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 464 1 3-Galactosidase 3-Galactosidase NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 464 2 Assay Assay NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 464 3 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 464 4 DNA DNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 1 Sequencing sequence VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 2 Three three CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 3 transformants transformant NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 4 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 5 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 6 plasmid plasmid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 7 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 8 each each DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 9 assayed assay VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 11 triplicate triplicate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 12 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 13 f%galactosidase f%galactosidase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 14 activity activity NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 15 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 16 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 18 Farabaugh Farabaugh NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 19 et et FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 20 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 21 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 22 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 23 1989 1989 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 465 25 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 1 All all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 2 constructionsdescribed constructionsdescribe VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 3 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 4 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 5 paper paper NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 6 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 7 sequenced sequence VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 8 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 10 chain chain NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 11 termination termination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 12 technique technique NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 14 Sanger Sanger NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 15 et et NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 16 al al NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 17 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 19 1977 1977 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 21 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 22 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 23 prepared prepare VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 24 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 25 described describe VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 26 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 27 Mierendorf Mierendorf NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 28 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 29 Pfeffer Pfeffer NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 31 1987 1987 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 466 33 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 2 are be VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 3 grateful grateful JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 4 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 5 Robert Robert NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 6 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 7 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 8 providing provide VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 9 us -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 10 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 12 protocol protocol NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 13 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 14 j%galactosidase j%galactosidase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 15 purification purification NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 16 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 17 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 18 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 19 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 20 sequencing sequence VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 21 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 22 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 23 protein protein NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 467 24 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 468 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 468 2 thank thank VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 468 3 i i PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 468 4 ? ? . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 1 Philippsen Philippsen NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 3 M. M. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 4 Olson Olson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 6 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 7 G. G. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 8 Fink Fink NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 9 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 10 providing provide VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 11 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 12 clones clone NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 13 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 14 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 15 strains strain NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 16 indicated indicate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 17 above above RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 469 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 2 work work NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 3 was be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 4 supported support VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 5 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 6 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 7 Public Public NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 8 Health Health NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 9 Service Service NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 10 grant grant NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 11 GM GM NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 12 29480 29480 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 470 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 2 costs cost NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 4 publication publication NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 6 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 7 article article NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 8 were be VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 9 defrayed defray VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 11 part part NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 12 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 14 payment payment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 15 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 16 page page NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 17 charges charge NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 471 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 1 This this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 2 article article NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 3 must must MD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 4 therefore therefore RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 5 be be VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 6 hereby hereby RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 7 marked mark VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 8 " " `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 9 advertisement advertisement NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 10 " " '' cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 11 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 12 accordance accordance NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 13 with with IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 14 18 18 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 15 U.S.C. U.S.C. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 16 Section Section NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 17 1734 1734 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 18 solely solely RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 19 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 20 indicate indicate VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 21 this this DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 22 fact fact NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 472 23 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 1 Received receive VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 2 April April NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 3 6 6 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 5 1990 1990 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 6 ; ; , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 7 revised revise VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 8 May May NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 9 9 9 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 11 1990 1990 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 12 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 473 13 _SP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 2 functions function NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 3 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 4 relationships relationship NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 6 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 8 VLP VLP NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 9 proteins protein NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 10 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 11 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 12 reflect reflect VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 13 those those DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 14 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 15 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 16 retroviral retroviral NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 17 proteins protein NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 18 Codon Codon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 19 usage usage NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 20 tabulated tabulate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 21 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 22 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 23 GenBank GenBank NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 24 genetic genetic JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 25 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 26 data data NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 27 Different different JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 28 pattern pattern NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 29 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 30 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 31 recognition recognition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 32 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 33 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 34 mitochondrial mitochondrial NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 35 tANAs tanas ADD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 36 Ty ty NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 37 elements element NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 38 transpose transpose VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 39 through through IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 40 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 41 RNA RNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 42 intermediate intermediate NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 43 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 44 AGG agg NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 45 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 46 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 47 translated translate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 48 slowly slowly RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 474 49 in in RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 475 1 f. f. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 475 2 co/ co/ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 1 i i PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 2 even even RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 3 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 4 very very RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 5 low low JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 6 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 7 levels level NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 8 Codon Codon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 9 recognition recognition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 10 rules rule NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 11 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 12 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 13 mitochondria mitochondrion NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 14 Context context JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 15 effects effect NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 16 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 17 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 18 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 19 UAG UAG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 20 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 21 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 22 suppressor suppressor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 23 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 24 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 25 affected affect VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 26 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 27 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 28 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 29 following follow VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 30 UAG UAG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 31 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 32 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 33 message message NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 34 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 35 influence influence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 36 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 37 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 38 context context NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 39 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 40 genetic genetic JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 41 code code NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 476 42 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 1 An an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 2 efficient efficient JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 3 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 4 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 5 signal signal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 6 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 8 polymerase polymerase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 9 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 10 encoding encode VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 11 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 12 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 13 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 14 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 15 IBV IBV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 16 Characterization characterization NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 17 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 18 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 19 efficient efficient JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 20 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 21 ribosomal ribosomal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 22 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 23 signal signal NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 24 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 25 requirement requirement NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 26 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 27 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 29 pseudoknot pseudoknot NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 30 Molecular molecular JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 31 genetics genetic NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 32 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 33 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 34 chromosomes chromosome VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 35 Evidence evidence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 36 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 37 transposition transposition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 38 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 39 dispersed disperse VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 40 repetitive repetitive JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 41 DNA dna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 42 families family NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 43 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 477 44 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 1 An an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 2 effect effect NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 4 codon codon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 5 context context NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 6 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 7 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 8 mistranslation mistranslation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 10 UGU UGU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 11 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 12 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 13 vitro vitro FW cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 14 6Galactosidase 6Galactosidase NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 15 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 16 fusions fusion NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 17 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 18 analyzing analyze VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 19 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 20 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 21 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 22 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 23 co co NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 24 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 25 i i NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 26 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 27 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 28 tRNAy trnay CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 29 ' ' POS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 30 functions function NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 31 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 32 directing direct VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 33 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 34 scanning scanning NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 35 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 36 to to IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 37 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 38 start start NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 39 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 40 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 41 translation translation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 42 Nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 43 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 44 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 45 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 46 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 47 Ty ty NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 48 element element NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 49 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 50 evidence evidence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 51 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 52 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 53 unusual unusual JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 54 mechanism mechanism NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 55 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 56 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 57 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 58 Efficient efficient JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 59 translational translational JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 60 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 61 occurs occur VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 62 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 63 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 64 conserved conserved JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 65 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 66 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 67 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 68 overlap overlap NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 69 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 70 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 71 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 72 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 73 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 74 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 75 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 76 Tyl Tyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 77 transposon transposon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 78 Structure Structure NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 79 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 80 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 81 phenylalanine phenylalanine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 82 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 83 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 84 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 85 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 86 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 87 intervening intervene VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 88 DNA dna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 89 segment segment NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 90 within within IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 91 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 92 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 93 coding code VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 94 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 95 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 96 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 97 Retroviruses Retroviruses NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 478 98 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 1 In in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 2 Mobile Mobile NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 3 Genetic Genetic NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 4 Elements Elements NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 5 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 6 model model NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 7 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 8 ribosome ribosome NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 9 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 10 Frameshift Frameshift NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 11 suppression suppression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 12 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 13 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 14 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 15 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 16 limited limited JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 17 cells cell NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 18 Slippery slippery JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 19 runs run NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 21 shifty shifty JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 22 stops stop NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 23 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 24 backward backward JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 25 steps step NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 27 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 28 forward forward JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 29 hops hop NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 30 : : . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 479 31 -2 -2 ADD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 480 1 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 480 2 -1 -1 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 480 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 481 1 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 482 1 l l NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 482 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 482 3 +2 +2 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 482 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 482 5 +5 +5 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 482 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 482 7 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 482 8 +6 +6 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 482 9 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 482 10 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 482 11 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 1 Cold cold JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 2 Spring Spring NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 3 Harbor Harbor NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 4 Symp Symp NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 5 Reading reading NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 6 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 7 frame frame NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 8 switch switch NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 9 caused cause VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 10 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 11 basepair basepair NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 12 formation formation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 13 between between IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 15 3'end 3'end CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 17 16s 16s NNPS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 18 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 483 19 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 484 1 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 484 2 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 484 3 during during IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 484 4 elongation elongation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 484 5 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 484 6 protein protein NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 484 7 synthesis synthesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 484 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 484 9 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 485 1 co co NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 485 2 / / SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 485 3 i i PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 485 4 f. f. VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 485 5 co/ co/ NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 486 1 i i PRP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 486 2 ribosomes ribosomes VBP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 486 3 re re NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 486 4 - - NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 486 5 phase phase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 1 on on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 2 retroviral retroviral JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 3 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 4 signals signal NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 5 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 6 rates rate NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 7 ranging range VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 8 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 9 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 10 to to TO cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 11 50 50 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 12 percent percent NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 13 On on IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 14 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 15 mechanism mechanism NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 16 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 17 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 18 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 19 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 20 hungry hungry JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 21 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 22 Yeast Yeast NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 23 tRNALBU tRNALBU NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 25 anticodon anticodon NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 26 UAG UAG NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 28 translates translate VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 29 all all DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 30 six six CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 31 leucine leucine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 32 codons codon NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 33 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 34 extracts extract NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 35 from from IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 36 interferon interferon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 37 treated treat VBD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 38 ceils ceils NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 39 Expression Expression NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 40 strategies strategy NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 41 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 42 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 43 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 44 retrotransposon retrotransposon NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 45 Ty Ty NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 46 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 47 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 48 short short JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 49 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 50 directs direct VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 51 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 52 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 53 HIV HIV NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 54 expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 55 strategies strategy NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 56 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 57 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 58 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 59 is be VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 60 directed direct VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 61 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 62 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 63 short short JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 64 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 65 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 66 both both DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 67 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 68 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 69 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 70 systems system NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 71 Craigen Craigen NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 72 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 73 W. W. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 74 J J NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 75 .. .. NFP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 76 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 77 Caskey Caskey NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 78 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 79 C. C. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 80 T. T. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 81 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 82 1986 1986 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 83 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 487 84 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 1 Expression expression NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 2 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 3 peptide peptide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 4 chain chain NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 5 release release NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 6 factor factor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 7 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 8 requires require VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 9 high high JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 10 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 11 efficiency efficiency NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 12 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 488 13 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 1 Nature nature NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 2 322 322 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 4 273 273 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 6 275.Craigen 275.craigen CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 8 W. W. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 9 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 11 Cook Cook NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 13 R. R. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 14 G G NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 15 .. .. NFP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 16 Tate Tate NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 18 W. W. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 19 P. P. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 20 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 21 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 22 Caskey Caskey NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 23 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 24 C. C. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 25 T. T. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 27 1985 1985 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 489 29 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 1 Bacterial bacterial JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 2 peptide peptide NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 3 chain chain NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 4 release release NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 5 factors factor NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 6 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 7 conserved conserved JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 8 primary primary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 9 structure structure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 10 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 11 possible possible JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 12 frameshift frameshift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 13 regulation regulation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 14 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 15 release release NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 16 factor factor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 17 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 490 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 491 1 Proc proc VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 491 2 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 492 1 Natl Natl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 492 2 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 493 1 Acad Acad NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 493 2 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 1 Sci Sci NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 2 USA USA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 3 82 82 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 5 3616 3616 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 6 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 7 3620.Derbyshire 3620.derbyshire CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 9 K. K. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 10 M. M. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 12 Salvo Salvo NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 13 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 14 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 15 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 18 Grindley Grindley NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 494 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 495 1 N. N. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 495 2 D. D. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 495 3 F. F. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 495 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 495 5 1986 1986 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 495 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 495 7 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 2 simple simple JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 3 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 4 efficient efficient JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 5 procedure procedure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 6 for for IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 7 saturation saturation NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 8 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 9 using use VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 10 mixed mixed JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 11 oligodeoxynucleotides oligodeoxynucleotide NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 496 12 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 1 Gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 2 46 46 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 4 145 145 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 5 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 6 152.Donahue 152.donahue CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 8 T. T. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 9 F. F. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 11 Farabaugh Farabaugh NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 13 f f NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 14 ? ? . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 15 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 17 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 18 Fink Fink NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 20 G. G. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 21 R. R. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 23 1982 1982 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 497 25 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 1 Fox Fox NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 3 T. T. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 4 D. D. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 6 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 7 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 8 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 9 Brummer Brummer NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 11 8 8 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 498 12 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 499 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 499 2 1980 1980 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 499 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 499 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 1 Leaky leaky JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 2 + + CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 3 l l NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 4 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 5 -1 -1 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 6 frame frame JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 7 shift shift NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 8 mutations mutation NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 9 at at IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 11 same same JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 12 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 13 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 14 a a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 15 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 16 mitochondrial mitochondrial NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 17 gene gene NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 500 18 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 1 Nature nature NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 2 288 288 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 4 60 60 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 5 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 6 63.Gafner 63.gafner CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 8 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 10 De De NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 11 Robertis Robertis NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 13 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 14 M. M. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 16 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 17 Philippsen Philippsen NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 18 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 19 f f NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 501 20 ? ? . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 502 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 502 2 1963 1963 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 502 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 502 4 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 1 Delta Delta NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 2 sequences sequence NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 3 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 5 5 5 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 6 ' ' `` cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 7 non non JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 8 - - JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 9 coding coding JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 10 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 11 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 12 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 13 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 14 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 16 EMBO EMBO NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 17 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 18 2 2 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 20 583 583 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 21 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 22 591.Garfinkel 591.garfinkel CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 23 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 24 D. D. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 25 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 26 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 27 Boeke Boeke NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 28 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 29 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 30 D. D. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 31 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 503 32 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 504 1 Fink Fink NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 504 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 504 3 G. G. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 504 4 R. R. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 504 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 504 6 1965 1965 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 504 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 504 8 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 1 Ty ty NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 2 element element NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 3 transposition transposition NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 4 : : : cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 5 reverse reverse JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 6 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 7 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 8 virus virus NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 9 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 10 like like JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 11 particles particle NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 13 Cell cell NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 14 42 42 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 16 507 507 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 17 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 18 517.Guarente 517.guarente CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 20 L. L. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 21 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 22 Yocum Yocum NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 23 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 24 R. R. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 25 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 26 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 27 Gifford Gifford NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 28 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 29 t t NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 30 ? ? . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 32 1982 1982 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 505 34 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 1 A a DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 2 GALlO GALlO NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 3 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 4 CYCI CYCI NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 5 hybrid hybrid NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 6 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 7 promoter promoter NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 8 identifies identify VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 9 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 10 GAL4 GAL4 NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 11 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 12 region region NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 13 as as IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 14 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 15 upstream upstream JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 16 site site NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 506 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 507 1 Proc proc VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 507 2 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 508 1 Natl Natl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 508 2 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 509 1 Acad Acad NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 509 2 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 510 1 Sci Sci NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 510 2 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 510 3 USA USA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 510 4 79 79 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 510 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 510 6 7410 7410 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 510 7 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 510 8 7414 7414 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 510 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 1 F F NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 3 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 4 Hall Hall NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 6 8 8 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 7 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 8 D. D. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 10 1977 1977 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 511 12 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 512 1 Molecular molecular JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 512 2 characterization characterization NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 512 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 512 4 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 512 5 tyrosine tyrosine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 512 6 tRNA trna NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 512 7 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 512 8 in in IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 512 9 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 512 10 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 1 Nature nature NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 2 267 267 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 4 639 639 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 5 - - HYPH cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 6 641.Olson 641.olson CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 8 M. M. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 9 V. V. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 11 Page Page NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 13 G. G. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 14 S. S. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 15 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 16 Sentenac Sentenac NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 17 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 18 A. A. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 20 Piper Piper NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 21 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 22 F F NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 513 23 ! ! . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 1 W. W. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 3 Worthington Worthington NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 5 M M NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 6 .. .. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 7 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 8 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 9 R. R. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 10 B. B. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 12 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 13 Hall Hall NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 15 8 8 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 17 D. D. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 19 1981 1981 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 514 21 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 1 Only only RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 2 one one CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 3 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 4 two two CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 5 closely closely RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 6 related relate VBN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 7 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 8 suppressor suppressor NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 10 genes gene NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 11 contains contain VBZ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 12 an an DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 13 intervening intervene VBG cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 14 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 515 15 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 516 1 Nature nature NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 516 2 291 291 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 516 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 516 4 464 464 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 516 5 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 516 6 469 469 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 516 7 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 1 RajBhandary rajbhandary RB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 3 U. U. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 4 L. L. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 6 Chang Chang NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 8 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 9 H. H. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 10 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 11 Stuart Stuart NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 12 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 13 A. A. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 15 Faulkner Faulkner NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 16 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 17 B. B. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 18 D. D. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 19 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 20 Hoskinson Hoskinson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 21 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 22 R. R. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 23 M. M. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 24 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 25 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 26 Khorana Khorana NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 27 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 28 H. H. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 29 G. G. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 31 1967 1967 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 517 33 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 518 1 The the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 518 2 primary primary JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 518 3 structure structure NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 518 4 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 518 5 yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 518 6 phenylalanine phenylalanine NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 518 7 transfer transfer NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 518 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 518 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 519 1 Proc proc VB cord-321868-xk4yuibj 519 2 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 520 1 Natl Natl NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 520 2 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 521 1 Acad Acad NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 521 2 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 522 1 Sci Sci NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 522 2 . . NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 522 3 USA USA NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 522 4 57 57 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 522 5 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 522 6 751 751 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 522 7 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 522 8 758.Randerath 758.randerath CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 522 9 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 1 E. E. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 3 Gupta Gupta NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 5 R. R. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 6 C. C. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 7 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 8 Chia Chia NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 9 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 10 L. L. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 11 L. L. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 12 S. S. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 13 Y. Y. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 14 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 15 Chang Chang NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 523 16 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 524 1 S. S. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 524 2 H. H. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 524 3 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 524 4 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 524 5 Randerath Randerath NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 524 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 525 1 K. K. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 525 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 525 3 1979 1979 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 525 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 525 5 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 1 Yeast yeast NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 2 tRNAbr$ trnabr$ CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 3 Purification purification NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 5 properties property NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 7 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 8 determination determination NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 9 of of IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 10 the the DT cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 11 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 12 sequence sequence NN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 13 by by IN cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 14 radioactive radioactive JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 15 derivative derivative JJ cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 16 methods method NNS cord-321868-xk4yuibj 526 17 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 527 1 Eur Eur NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 527 2 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 527 3 J. J. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 527 4 Biochem Biochem NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 527 5 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 528 1 93 93 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 528 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 528 3 79 79 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 528 4 - - SYM cord-321868-xk4yuibj 528 5 94 94 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 528 6 . . . cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 1 Sanger Sanger NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 2 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 3 F. F. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 4 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 5 Nicklen Nicklen NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 6 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 7 S S NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 8 .. .. NFP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 9 and and CC cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 10 Coulson Coulson NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 11 , , , cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 12 A. A. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 13 R. R. NNP cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 15 1977 1977 CD cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-321868-xk4yuibj 529 17 _SP