cord-004656-n4h295e5	1990	In an effort to determine if this phenomenon is specific to the rat or applicable to other species, we compared the ontogenic changes in hepatic and renal angiotensinogen mRNA expression in fetal (60, 90, 118, and 138 d of gestation, term being 145 d), newborn (7 d postnatal), and adult sheep. Angiotensinogen mRNA sequences were detected in all fetal liver samples and appeared to increase 3-fold from 60 to 138 d gestation and then to decrease after birth. In an effort to determine if this phenomenon is specific to the rat or applicable to other species, we compared the ontogenic Received January 18, 1990 ; accepted April 16, 1990 changes in hepatic and renal angiotensinogen gene expression during the last trimester of gestation in fetal sheep. Northern blot analysis of liver and kidney RNA from fetal sheep (1 18 and 138 d gestational age) 1 and newborn lamb are shown in Figure 3 .
cord-004657-kmluql8h	1990	title: Prophylaxis of necrotizing enterocolitis by oral IgA-IgG: Review of a clinical study in low birth weight infants and discussion of the pathogenic role of infection Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease and an important cause of morbidity and mortality among premature, low birth weight infants (1) . There we described the effective prophylaxis of NEC by administration of an oral IgA-IgG preparation in low birth weight infants for whom breast milk from their mothers was not available. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether feeding of an oral IgA-IgG preparation to low birth weight infants for whom breast milk is not available can effectively prevent NEC. That the IgA-IgG feeding prevented NEC in our study has been further confirmed by the experience that, after termination of the study, the incidence of NEC among all low birth weight infants admitted to our hospital was again comparable to the incidence observed in the control group.
cord-004866-slqje8cq	1990	Like [(125)I] labeled material from Pseudomonas aeruginosa this polypeptide bound to membrane preparations from Ehrlich ascites cells, as evidenced by sedimentation through a sucrose gradient at neutral pH. Expression of the cytotoxin gene in Escherichia coli was inducible with IPTG (compare lanes 1 and 2 in Fig. 5 B) , again yielding material that migrated like the non-processed form of the cytotoxin in SDS-PAGE (compare with lane 4). We have established the sequence of a pore-forming cytotoxin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa by determining the amino-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified protein and sequencing of the structural gene, as identified by a pool of synthetic oligonucleotides. Within the N-terminal domain, a remarkable homology to a pentapeptide consensus sequence (TonB-box), commonly found in outer membrane receptor proteins of the Escherichia coli iron transport system, was detected. Pseudomonas aerugmosa cytotoxin: The nucleotide sequence of the gene and the mechanism of activation of the protein
cord-006237-oxbquzeg	1990	The oxygen radical production was measured by luminol (0.4 mmol/1 test) and/or lucigenin (0.23 retool/1 test) enhanced chemiluminescence response (CL) (Biolumat LB 9505, Berthold) in absence or in presence of different stimuli, N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP, Sigma; 3.5 • 10-6 tool/1 test), zymosan A (Sigma; 3.5 mg/ml test), latex (Unisphere latex 22, 0.8 gin, Serva; 2 gl/ml test), lipopolysaccharide (LPS from E. The aim of the present study was to examine, if PGE 1 might 80 influence injury to EC, caused by LPS-primed neutrophils, and furthermore, if this effect could be explained by a diminished oxygen radical production, measured by chemiluminescence (CL). Addition of 0.1 gg of radical trap (MDTQ-DA) to each zymosan stimulated whole blood sample reduced CL response by 7 0 -90 p.c. Following induction of haemorrhagic-necrotising pancreatitis, high quantities of toxic oxygen metabolites are released from pancreatic tissue, contributing to the development of MOF.
cord-006393-jcj9nqfu	1990	The role of bone marrow transplantation is to restore lymphohematopoietic function of a recipient whose marrow has been destroyed, either by disease or by the preparative therapy employed in an attempt to eradicate the patient''s lymphohematopoietic malignancy. There are several risk factors for the development of interstitial pneumonia such as TBI (if the lung dose exceeds 600 rads), acute GVHD, increased age of the patient, CMV seropositivity of the patient before the transplant, transfusion of blood products from CMV-positive donors, inability to generate an antiviral cytotoxicity (which is very common in the postengraftment phase), and inability to mount a humoral antibody response. Investigators from UCLA, Minnesota, and Sloan-Kettering all showed, in reasonably well-controlled studies, that the incidence of CMV interstitial pneumonia was reduced in patients given high-titered antibody preparations compared to that in the control group. The low incidence of CMV interstitial pneumonia in this group indicated that IVIG might be effective in the CMV-seronegative patient even when receiving a seropositive donor graft.
cord-009371-ub4p4ngr	1990	
cord-010036-6czkzek0	1990	title: Treatment of idiopathic spasmodic torticollis with botulinum‐A toxin: a pilot study of 19 patients Nineteen patients with spasmodic torticollis, unresponsive to standard therapy, were administered local injections of botulinum‐A toxin into the affected muscles. Botulinum toxin is a very effective and safe method of treatment for spasmodic torticollis, (Med J Aust 1990; 152: 528-530) T he term "dystonia" was coined by Oppenheim in 1911 1 in describing six patients with alterations in muscle tone, sustained posturing and involuntary movements. A 48-year-old male mechanic suffering from haemochromatosis, which was treated with weekly venesections, developed spasmodic torticollis 18 months before he was referred for botulinum toxin treatment. In up to 15% of patients with ST the symptoms may remit in the first five years of the illness, so some cases of improvement may be examples of a natural remission hastened by botulinum toxin injections. Controlled trial of botulinum toxin injections in the treatment of spasmodic torticollis
cord-032982-xri24v40	1990	The objective of the studies reported here was to describe the toxic effects in rats and mice of inhalation exposure for 2 or 13 weeks to airborne concentrations of ADA as high as 200 mg/m 3 . In the 2-week study, serum (approximately 0.5 ml) was obtained from five male and five female rats and mice 3 days prior to the first day of exposure, and was analyzed for antibody titers to specific bacteria and viruses (Mycoplasma pulmonis, M. At the end of the 13-week study, serum from 5 male and 5 female rats from all exposure groups and controls (40 rats total) were analyzed for titers to Sendai virus, PVM, RCV/SDA, and Mycoplasma. There were no significant differences in methemoglobin levels or acetylcholinesterase activities in whole blood of male and female rats or mice exposed to any concentration of ADA, when compared to controls.
cord-104223-ht3ry9i0	1990	Bioactive peptides cleaved from the egg-laying hormone precursor in the bag cell neurons of Aplysia are sorted into distinct dense core vesicle classes (DCVs). All other changes were minor in comparison, and in the compartments important in these studies-small and large immature vesicles, clear vesicles, and Golgi apparatus-the results between calculations at three HD values differ by no more than 5 % in any experiment. Both amino and carboxy terminal-associated radioactivity are transported through the Golgi stacks and enter small immature DCVs (defined by membrane extensions, connection to tubules, or nonspherical morphology) and clear vesicles after a 30-min pulse and 30-min chase (Fig. 4 B, Fig. 5 , and Table I ). After the initial cleavage event, the ELH-containing carboxy-terminal intermediate condenses in one region of the TGN (small immature vesicles) and the amino-terminal bag cell peptide-containing intermediate condenses in another region of the TGN (large immature vesicles).
cord-260109-vgbrwegt	1990	Furthermore, addition of anti-MHC (class II) mAb during PBMC incubation with virus-infected cells reduced IFN yields, suggesting that masking of these surface antigens alters PBMC responsiveness to IFN induction. Moreover, experiments in which IFN0c production was inhibited by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed at some epitopes of the TGEV glycoprotein E1 suggested that a defined domain of this transmembrane viral protein played a key role in the IFN0t induction process (Charley and Laurie, 1988) . In the present report, we analysed the nature of lymphocyte subpopulation(s) responsive to IFNa induction by TGEV-infected cell monolayers by using cell-depletion experiments with mAb plus complement. In addition, IFN induction-blocking experiments conducted with anti-MHC (SLA, swine leukocyte antigens) class II mAb without complement suggest a functional role for these membrane molecules in the IFN induction process. However, two preparations of anti-SLA class II mAb (TH22A5 and MSA3) could directly block IFN induction when added during co-incubation of PBMC with i''GEV-infected fixed monolayers or TGE alone (5 independent experiments).
cord-263025-mmdeyph3	1990	title: Sows infected in pregnancy with porcine respiratory coronavirus show no evidence of protecting their sucking piglets against transmissible gastroenteritis On the basis of weight gain, clinical signs and survival, no differences in response to challenge was detected when piglets suckled by PRCV inoculated sows were compared with those suckled by uninoculated sows. On the basis of weight gain, clinical signs and survival, no differences in response to challenge was detected when piglets suckled by PRCV inoculated sows were compared with those suckled by uninoculated sows. Such a difference was evident when the litters of sows successfully pm-immunized with TGEV were compared with those of uninoculated or PRCV-inoculated sows. A lyophilized stock of the virus which had been passaged three times in primary pig kidney monolayers (PPKM) was passaged once more, either in PPKM or in a five-day-old colostrum-deprived piglet, to provide the virus for inoculation of the pregnant sows.
cord-269358-dm3mdqhl	1990	Influenza antigens inactivated with 1·7 Mrad displayed comparable potency, sensitivity, specificity and stability to those inactivated by standard procedures with beta-propiolactone (BPL). Gamma radiation is safer than chemical inactivation procedures and is a reliable and effective replacement for BPL in preparing diagnostic reagents. Because of the potential carcinogenic hazard to the laboratorian associated with the use of BPL1'' and the deleterious effects of BPL on some hemagglutinating (HA) antigens, our laboratory investigated inactivation ofviral reagents by gamma radiation from a cobalt-60 source. i5 The CDC Inventoryil of reference antigens and antisera were used as test controls and for evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of all radiation-inactivated reagents. Preliminary experiments were conducted to determine the amount of gamma radiation required to inactivate the infectivity of 13 influenza virus strains. These viruses were inactivated by gamma radiation of 0.42 to 3.70 Mrad without adverse effect on the potency, sensitivity or specificity of the antigen.
cord-300796-rmjv56ia	1990	In this work we show that the p62 protein of Semliki Forest virus contains an uncleaved signal sequence at its NH2-terminus and that this becomes glycosylated early during synthesis and translocation of the p62 polypeptide. As the glycosylation of the signal sequence most likely occurs after its release from the ER membrane our results suggest that this region has no role in completing the transfer process. Furthermore, the p62-reporter hybrid should be translocated across microsomal membranes and possibly glycosylated at Asn~3 of the p62 sequence if the 40 residues long NH2-terminal p62 peptide carries a signal sequence. This must involve Asn~3 of the p62 peptide as it is part of the only potential glycosylation site on the hybrid polypeptides (Garoff et al., 1980 ; references on dhfr sequence in legend to Fig. 1) , Finally, we can also conclude that the p62 signal sequence does not provide a stable membrane anchor to the translocated chain.
cord-303662-ro9879dl	1990	Un-In view of the finding that whole body irradiairradiated mice demonstrated intense disease at tion at day 6 p.i. prevents JHMV-induced paraday 9 p.i. By contrast, mice given 850 rad at day 6 lytic-demyelinating disease, differential irradiation p.i. had few histological changes at day 9 p.i. In studies were conducted to determine whether critiaddition, a second mouse strain, BALB/cJ mice cal radiosensitive targets reside in the systemic or a Immune donor mice were 6-week-old C57BL/6J males given 106 PFU of JHMV 2.2-V-1 i.p. 6 days prior to transfer. These they resemble the original JHMV isolates, which experiments indicate that populations of murine in early passages primarily caused a nonfatal paradonor spleen cells, which are enriched for T lytic disease (Bailey et al., 1949; Cheever et al., lymphocytes and appear to be MHC-restricted, 1949) ; only after many i.c. passages did the virus restore demyelination to infected, irradiated re-acquire marked neurovirulence.
cord-321868-xk4yuibj	1990	Our tRNA overproduction data suggest that a leucyl-tRNA, probably tRNALeu UAG, an unusual leucine isoacceptor that recognizes all six leucine codons, slips from CUU-Leu onto UUA-Leu (in the +1 reading frame) during a translational pause at the AGG-Arg codon induced by the low availability of tRNAArg CCU, encoded by a single-copy essential gene. In these systems, a simultaneous slippage of tRNAs in the A and P sites of the translating ribosome on the homopolymeric sequence results in a frameshift to the pro orpol reading frame and suppression of the gag frame termination codon. The 14 nucleotide frameshift site has a Gln residue (rather than His) following Gly. The amino acid sequence through the 14 nucleotide site confirms the Gln residue after Gly (data not shown), supporting the notion that translation shifts to the +l reading frame by peptidyl-tRNA slippage on the CUU-Leu codon.
cord-325740-ak7bf0gq	1990	Abstract Expression of bovine coronavirus (BCV) antigen in the plasmalemma of epithelioid human rectal tumor (HRT-18) and fibroblastic bovine fetal spleen (BFS) cell lines was traced by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy facilitated by colloidal gold. Analysis of the labeling characteristics established that the goldmarked-sites represented de novo expression of BCV antigen in the plasma membrane of infected cells. Bovine fetal spleen (BFS) cells are highly susceptible to BCV-induced cell fusion if trypsin is added to the medium of infected cultures. Viral antigen did not increase in the plasma membrane after the onset of cell fusion in infected BFS cell cultures. The differences among infected BFS and HRT-18 cells in the surface expression of viral antigen and fusion might result from the kinetics and mechanisms of protein expression and the differences in the composition of the two plasma membranes.
cord-327883-s9nbr5y8	1990	By improving the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for HSV-2-antibodies and additional testing of sera by Western blot, we were able to specifically identify HSV-l-and HSV-2-antibodies in serum samples. To get some insight into the molecular basis of processes controlling the viral expression we studied the sequence-specific DNA-protein interactions within the genomic regulatory regions. for Med. Microbiology, Univ., D-5300 Bonn Semiquantitative detection of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) DNA in sera of infected individuals has become an important means of modern serological hepatitis diagnostics. THOMSSEN 1 In the course of acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection IgM antibodies always occur against two cellular antigens that were characterized as proteins with a molecular weight of 26 kD (p26) and 29 kD (p29), respectively. The frequency and specificity of antibodies to P-gene encoded proteins of human hepatitis B virus was tested in sera of acute and chronically infected patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
cord-347246-0vofftmj	1990	This paper reviews several important infectious diseases of the upper airway of rats and mice and discusses the potential influence of these conditions on the results of toxicology studies. All three agents cause significant rodent respiratory disease, with lesions in the upper airways, including the nasal passages. Although there are many excellent descriptive studies ofthe histogenesis of Sendai virus-induced lesions within the lower respiratory tract, few pathology reports include a description of lesions in the nasal cavity and upper airway. Although numerous bacteria can infect the upper airway of the rat and mouse, they are not generally prevalent in well-conducted toxicology studies begun with animals free of adventitious murine pathogens and maintained with modern methods of laboratory animal husbandry. A variety of important microbial pathogens including viruses, mycoplasmas, bacteria, and fungi infect the upper respiratory tract of the mouse and rat and result in significant pathologic alterations.