Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 37 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 48517 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 75 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 illustration 11 water 8 oil 7 acid 5 England 4 work 4 gas 4 Mr. 4 FIG 3 wine 3 soap 3 hour 3 good 3 glass 3 french 3 dye 3 New 3 London 3 France 2 wort 2 tube 2 time 2 surface 2 sugar 2 spirit 2 section 2 product 2 process 2 lead 2 footnote 2 flame 2 fig 2 fat 2 distiller 2 color 2 cent 2 beer 2 apparatus 2 White 2 United 2 States 2 Powder 2 Oil 2 Malt 2 Hops 2 Footnote 2 Fig 2 English 2 Dyeing 2 Company Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 5364 water 3734 oil 3458 acid 2911 gas 2661 soap 2534 time 2272 wine 2070 glass 1970 light 1968 cent 1814 part 1795 bath 1749 acetylene 1666 use 1664 hour 1567 solution 1541 air 1522 temperature 1518 method 1487 quantity 1480 dye 1460 illustration 1455 process 1363 day 1357 per 1282 tube 1249 case 1218 year 1189 work 1165 ° 1117 alcohol 1105 inch 1101 material 1096 heat 1093 pressure 1093 color 1073 salt 1058 wool 1051 pipe 1000 surface 997 way 980 form 979 carbide 976 gallon 969 point 967 matter 932 coal 930 end 925 mixture 919 foot Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 24649 _ 6349 | 980 C. 899 Champagne 568 de 515 Footnote 505 F. 496 . 486 nitro 455 c. 440 Water 413 Reims 401 Mr. 354 acid 352 Oil 347 B 340 # 331 England 330 Glauber 318 Fig 317 M. 314 Blue 313 glycerine 299 C 295 c.c 295 Yellow 284 St. 284 Malt 280 France 276 Van 274 FIG 274 B. 266 Black 263 Acid 259 London 257 A 243 Bob 242 Co. 224 States 222 United 218 Red 216 Orange 206 White 203 New 195 Epernay 194 Soap 189 Germany 185 F 177 Diamine 172 la Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 17230 it 3187 they 2446 them 2414 i 2343 he 1848 we 1558 you 472 itself 458 him 355 us 252 me 203 themselves 160 himself 125 she 108 one 85 her 53 myself 48 ay 25 yourself 22 ourselves 11 ours 10 thee 10 mine 9 ''em 7 herself 5 his 5 em 4 yours 4 theirs 4 hg 4 ''s 2 n 2 gasholders.--(_a 1 à 1 |oh 1 yeast= 1 ye 1 y 1 tuns;--this 1 tube~--this 1 thyself 1 thy 1 ran 1 oneself 1 oils._--almost 1 oil[2 1 oil._--this 1 luy 1 ii 1 hers Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 65000 be 10379 have 4975 make 4058 use 2589 do 2441 take 2433 give 2090 add 1877 contain 1681 find 1474 obtain 1423 produce 1224 require 1209 show 1173 know 1156 put 1127 keep 1119 boil 1105 become 1101 follow 1097 say 1073 pass 1069 work 1012 form 977 see 874 allow 860 place 857 get 841 prepare 835 mix 819 come 792 dry 783 leave 762 wash 751 remove 750 run 723 remain 707 carry 695 call 687 fill 686 heat 667 dye 653 employ 652 enter 647 let 647 draw 630 burn 626 turn 625 apply 624 appear Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 6331 not 3185 then 3105 more 2728 other 2714 well 2609 very 2280 so 2197 good 2030 only 1913 out 1903 first 1825 great 1806 small 1782 up 1768 as 1732 same 1666 such 1590 much 1580 large 1552 about 1522 also 1495 most 1436 off 1286 little 1213 now 1208 many 1203 high 1134 long 1098 however 1049 too 1015 thus 997 necessary 983 less 950 fine 946 white 941 still 832 few 829 various 819 even 805 free 779 hot 776 dry 759 low 737 together 708 certain 701 possible 701 down 687 strong 681 generally 677 present Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 818 good 368 most 288 least 163 great 113 high 93 fine 64 large 54 low 53 simple 48 early 41 late 39 small 38 Most 34 cheap 26 old 25 strong 21 pure 19 slight 18 easy 16 bad 15 near 13 hot 12 common 11 rich 10 deep 9 quick 9 light 9 choice 8 y 8 white 8 weak 7 short 7 safe 7 long 7 hard 7 fast 6 faint 5 warm 5 manif 5 heavy 5 feath 5 farth 5 dark 5 cold 4 thin 4 stern 4 pale 4 minute 4 clean 3 wide Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1127 most 169 well 91 least 3 fast 2 worst 2 highest 2 hard 1 ~hurst 1 wishest 1 scale._--when 1 richest 1 officinalis 1 long 1 logwood 1 heaviest 1 greatest Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 www.gutenberg.net Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 1 http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/1/9/9/8/19985/19985-h/19985-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/1/9/9/8/19985/19985-h.zip 1 http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/1/7/1/4/17149/17149-h/17149-h.htm 1 http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/1/7/1/4/17149/17149-h.zip Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 soap is then 12 solution is then 12 water is then 10 acetylene is not 10 gas is not 10 tube is then 8 glass is not 7 acetylene does not 7 bath is exhausted 7 gas does not 7 time is not 6 _ is then 6 acid is also 6 acid is then 6 method is not 6 process is not 6 soap is generally 5 _ see _ 5 glass does not 5 oil is now 5 process does not 5 process is more 5 soap is now 5 soap is ready 5 water is not 5 water is very 5 water is warm 4 _ is _ 4 _ take equal 4 acid is now 4 air are explosive 4 gas is always 4 glass is now 4 glass is then 4 oil is not 4 oil is usually 4 process is complete 4 soap does not 4 soap is not 4 water is first 3 _ take sweet 3 acetylene is more 3 acid is generally 3 acids is now 3 bath is not 3 bath is then 3 dyes are very 3 gas is only 3 gas is so 3 gas is thus Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 time is not far 3 method is not applicable 2 glass is not very 1 _ do not necessarily 1 _ was no longer 1 acetylene does not always 1 acetylene does not safely 1 acetylene has no more 1 acetylene is not desirable 1 acetylene is not only 1 acetylene is not so 1 acetylene is not unduly 1 acid has no action 1 acid takes no part 1 acids were not altogether 1 acids were not clean 1 air has no action 1 air is not explosive 1 air was not freely 1 bath is not exhausted 1 bath is not expensive 1 case are not nitrogen 1 day are not always 1 day is no longer 1 day is not distant 1 dye is not rapidly 1 dyes are not generally 1 dyes are not very 1 gas does not actually 1 gas is not available 1 gas was not capable 1 glass is not so 1 glass is not such 1 glass is not suitable 1 glass is not too 1 hours is not unusual 1 light is no longer 1 light is not satisfactory 1 light is not so 1 light is not unsafe 1 lights were not generally 1 method is not arbitrary 1 method is not extensively 1 method is not unworthy 1 methods have not so 1 oil be not perfectly 1 oil contains no spirit 1 oil is not much 1 oil is not so 1 oil is not worth A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = 8900 author = Anonymous title = The London and Country Brewer date = keywords = Ale; Beer; Brewing; Cask; Copper; Drink; Hops; Liquors; Malt; hour; wort summary = Of Boiling Malt liquors, and to Brew a Quantity of Drink in a little Beers and Ales, by the badness of Malts, underboiling the Worts, mixing The Benefit of Brewing entire Guile small Beer from fresh Malt, and the half Brown Malt for Brewing his Butt-beers, that, proved to my Palate the Matter of great Importance in Brewing of wholsome fine Malt-liquors, and leaving off drinking Beer brewed with Well-water; It''s true, such a fluid considerable Quantity of Malt in one Week in Brewing Stout-beer, common small Beer; If more Ale, then hot Boiling water must be laded over to There can be no way better for making good small Beer, than by Brewing it into his water or small wort to make it strong Beer or Ale, as very have good Barley, Coak-dryed Malt, and the Drink brewed at Home, there are id = 21724 author = Appleton, H. A. title = The Handbook of Soap Manufacture date = keywords = Acidity; Cent; Equivalent; FIG; Iodine; N/1; Oleic; Saponification; Titre; acid; caustic; fat; illustration; oil; soap; solution; water summary = Use--Various New Fats and Oils Suggested for Soap-making--Rosin--Alkali to wash themselves with soap prepared by mixing crude palm oil and water solution of alkali will readily emulsify a cotton-seed oil containing Practically all the oils and fats used in soap-making consist of _Fatty Acids._--When a fat or oil is saponified with soda or potash, the the acids naturally present in oils and fats, whether free or combined, the fat or oil by caustic soda or potash, the fatty acids liberated at light and moisture of the free fatty acids contained by the oil or fat. the whole of the fatty acids contained in an oil or fat, though VARIOUS NEW FATS AND OILS SUGGESTED FOR SOAP-MAKING. palm-nut oils and is stated to saponify readily and yield a soap free For yellow soaps, containing a low percentage of fatty acids, solutions with N/2 acid, the alcoholic solution of soap after the free caustic id = 7803 author = Bassett, Sara Ware title = The Story of Sugar date = keywords = Blake; Bob; Bobbie; Carlton; Colversham; David; Hennessey; Mr.; New; Van; sugar summary = Come on, Van, like a good kid, and have it over; then we''ll often was, Van Blake was indebted to the sheer will power of Bob "I don''t just know how it''s happened, Mrs. Carlton," Van answered. "This is Van Blake, Father," Bob said, proudly introducing his chum. "I guess Father wasn''t a very good weather prophet," remarked Bob, "I''m mighty sorry I got you into this scrape, Van," Bob said after "Father!" Bob shouted the word and then laughed again--this time a Bob and Van, to whom New York was more or less of an old story, There was a pause and turning Bob introduced Van Blake. "Are you sure they would want me to come, Mr. Carlton?" asked Van, "Dad sure is game!" Bob declared as he and Van stepped into the Another day passed and Bob and Van were once more back at Colversham id = 19985 author = Beech, Franklin title = The Dyeing of Woollen Fabrics date = keywords = Acid; Black; Blue; Brown; Contents; Dark; Diamine; Dyeing; Glauber; Green; Manufacture; Orange; Paper; Red; Violet; Waste; Wool; Yellow; dye; illustration; oil; post summary = importance in the dyeing of wool, as an acid condition of the bath is is done by immersing the mordanted wool in a bath of the dye-stuff or is to enter the goods in a cold bath of the dye-stuff, and to work Now we come to the last method of dyeing wool with mordant and colours, One-bath methods of dyeing blacks are sometimes preferred by wool _Blue Black on Wool_.--Dye as in the last recipe, but use Acid (p. _Jet Black on Wool_.--Prepare the dye-bath with 4-1/2 lb, Naphthol _Blue Black on Wool_.--Make the dye-bath with 5 lb. _Blue Black on Wool_.--Make the dye-bath with 5 lb. _Blue-Black on Wool_.--Prepare the dye-bath with 10 lb. _Blue-Black on Wool_.--Prepare the dye-bath with 10 lb. _Reddish Black on Wool_.--Prepare the dye-bath containing 5 lb. _Fast Red_.--Dye the wool in a bath boiling, containing 1 lb. _Silk, Light Green; Wool, Dark Blue._--Make a dye-bath from 1/2 lb. id = 21224 author = Beech, Franklin title = The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics: A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student date = keywords = Hop; Library summary = Variety and Cuttings.--Planting a Hop Garden: Drainage; Preparing the the Hop Garden in the First Year.--Work to be Performed Annually in the Hop Garden: Working the Ground; Cutting; The Non-cutting System; The Storage.--Physical and Chemical Structure of the Hop Cone.--Judging the PART V.--Statistics of Production.--The Hop far as regards our trade, to them this book especially appeals, and thoroughly with the subject of hops than any work previously No one interested in the hop industry on the subject of hops, their culture and preservation, etc., that has been published, and to the hop grower especially will its from abroad, this translation of Professor Gross''s volume will prove an interesting and instructive addition to the library of any brewer or brewers'' chemist, the more so as the work of translation has been reading to all interested in hops and their culture. The Educational Work of the Library id = 40411 author = Binns, Charles Fergus title = The Potter''s Craft: A Practical Guide for the Studio and Workshop date = keywords = Kaolin; Oxide; PLATE; clay; fig; glaze; illustration; large; lead; mold; piece; plaster; work summary = natural cream-colored clay and the shapes were modeled with great skill. to use clays which were almost white, and after glazing a decoration in One of the pails is half filled with clean water and the clay, handful into clay, and for absorbing water from glazes, shallow dishes of For example, if a mold is to be taken from a clay model no size The plaster vase is laid upon its side on a piece of soft clay and a "block mold" and is not, as a rule, used for making the clay ware. piece is formed, the bat with its burden can be set aside for the work large wares in a single piece but section work involves great skill and, little glaze has been used on the piece or the buff of the clay has In the case of clay ware the pieces may be set close together or id = 32962 author = Bolas, Bernard D. title = A Handbook of Laboratory Glass-Blowing date = keywords = Fig; Glass; bulb; flame; illustration; join; tube summary = When it is necessary to seal a substance inside a glass tube, the bottom it will be necessary to join in a piece of thick glass tubing, or to on a glass tube, bursting a hole by heating and blowing, and enlarging _Glass Spirals._--If a tube is heated by means of a long, flat-flame the sealed end of the syphon tube into a small, thick-walled bulb, and top of the capillary tube closed by the use of a small blowpipe flame. The ordinary soda-glass tubing melts easily in the blowpipe flame, it Lead-glass tubing is easy to work in the blowpipe flame, melts easily, other Fuels--Making Small Rods and Tubes from Glass other Fuels--Making Small Rods and Tubes from Glass finally, the tube of the other glass is joined on to the end of this. When this seal is completed, the end of the soda-glass tube is drawn off id = 21592 author = Boucherie, Anthony title = The Art of Making Whiskey So As to Obtain a Better, Purer, Cheaper and Greater Quantity of Spirit, From a Given Quantity of Grain. Also, the Art of Converting It into Gin, after the Process of the Holland Distillers date = keywords = Holland; United; distiller; liquor; spirit summary = Making Whiskey, so as to obtain a greater quantity of Spirit from a whiskey into gin, according to the process of the Holland Distillers, vinous liquor, in order to obtain spirits. Grains yield two kinds of vinous liquors, of which the distiller makes fermentation containing 100 gallons, filled up with water. liquor of distillers yield only 4 gallons of whiskey, and very seldom 5; quantity of spirit is obtained when the liquor has acquired a certain of spirit be in a ratio to the richness of the fermenting liquor? formation of a good vinous liquor, are, one part of dry sweet substance contested, the distiller, whose vinous liquor contains only one-fiftieth The spirit already created in the fermented liquor, must be collected by The spirit contained in the vinous liquor Each time that the vinous liquor is renewed in the still, the water the residue of the distillation of my vinous liquor have the same id = 15622 author = Brown, William Norman title = Handbook on Japanning: 2nd Edition For Ironware, Tinware, Wood, Etc. With Sections on Tinplating and Galvanizing date = keywords = ground; illustration; japan; japanning; lacquer; surface; varnish; work summary = THE ENAMELLING AND JAPANNING STOVE--PIGMENTS SUITABLE FOR not always applied, the coloured varnish or a proper japan ground to prepare the surface is to apply three coats of coarse varnish (1 varnish, except in the case of a white japan ground which requires not require a priming coat of size and whiting, the japan ground may turps the white ground may be applied in this varnish, and then a coat Common black japan grounds on metal by means of heat are procured in be japanned; then apply vermilion ground in shellac varnish or with In japanning metals, all good work of which should be stoved, they best grounds for japanning are formed of shellac varnish, the use of brown japan, the metal having a preliminary coating of black This stove may be heated (1) by hot-water pipes (iron), (2) by good varnish for the final coating for enamelled and japanned goods. id = 44276 author = Buc''hoz, Pierre-Joseph title = The Toilet of Flora or, A collection of the most simple and approved methods of preparing baths, essences, pomatums, powders, perfumes, and sweet-scented waters. With receipts for cosmetics of every kind, that can smooth and brighten the skin, give force to beauty, and take off the appearance of old age and decay date = keywords = Flowers; Gum; Oil; Powder; Rose; Snuff; Spirit; Water; White; Wine summary = dissolve the Gums in Rose-water, and adding to it the powder, form the drachms; Roch Alum, half an ounce; Water, four pints: put them into a pour the distilled water a second time into it, and add a good quantity Sugar Candy, and half an ounce of Borax; distil in a water bath or sand Dissolve an ounce and a half of Salt in a pint of Mint-water; boil a pint of Plantain, as much White Tansy-water, and half an ounce of Make use of the distilled Waters of the Whites of Eggs, Bean Flowers, half an ounce of Orange-flower Water, a quarter of an ounce of Essence of two Lemons; half an ounce of Red Rose Leaves; half a pound of Water the Lotion half a pint of Cinnamon Water, distilled from White Wine. quarter of an hour in a gill of Rose-water; then add an ounce of fine id = 8144 author = Butterfield, W. J. Atkinson (William John Atkinson) title = Acetylene, the Principles of Its Generation and Use A Practical Handbook on the Production, Purification, and Subsequent Treatment of Acetylene for the Development of Light, Heat, and Power date = keywords = Association; Chapter; Co.; FIG; Maker; Type; acetylene; air; apparatus; automatic; burner; carbide; footnote; gas; generator; heat; illustration; pipe; pressure; water summary = calcium carbide present in an acetylene generator is more than chemically raising the temperature of a given quantity of cold water to the boilingpoint, and another equally constant volume of gas is always consumed into the generator, but the air is displaced by acetylene as soon as gas exhausted, an automatic acetylene generator contains carbide in one place carbide-to-water generator is a deficiency of gas yield due to loss of acetylene by dissolution, carbide-to-water generators are All generators of the water-tocarbide type, too, must yield a gas containing some air in the earlier the generation of acetylene from calcium carbide and water--certainly no RULES FOR THE INSTALLATION AND USE OF ACETYLENE GAS GENERATORS. The use of liquid acetylene or gas generated therefrom is absolutely calcium carbide is put into an ordinary acetylene generator, the gas 42.--CARBIDE-TO-WATER GENERATOR OF THE ACETYLENE Acetylene Gas and Carbide of Calcium Co., id = 15407 author = Chapman, Thomas title = The Cyder-Maker''s Instructor, Sweet-Maker''s Assistant, and Victualler''s and Housekeeper''s Director In Three Parts date = keywords = cyder; wine summary = hour, then bung it close for five or six days; rack it from the bottom well together; apply it to the hogshead, bung it up, and let it stand a fine powder; work it for half an hour after, and bung it up close. forcing; stir them well in the hogshead and bung it close up. strong, with yest and jalap, and let it ferment three or four days; or four times a day, and let them continue in the steep till the fruit To every pipe of wine take two quarts of solid ale yest and one ounce For one pipe, take two quarts of good cyder; put half an ounce of with some of the wine, put it in the pipe, bung it close, and in a day quarter of an hour; strain the liquor, and let it stand ''till it A pint of this liquor will make a pipe the colour of port wine. id = 20663 author = Coppinger, Joseph title = The American Practical Brewer and Tanner date = keywords = Hops; Malt; Pale; beer; bushel; degree; fermentation; good; hour; pound; time; water summary = malting operations, as it usually supplies the whole quantity of water water or damp arises in the malt-house floor, or walls so placed, the in drying malt, the shorter time will be required before the beer that Let your malt be fine ground; first liquor 172; mash one hour, stand vessel, ran a sufficient quantity of boiling water on the mash tun for wort one hour very hard, with about half the hops; mashed a second time strong boiling will answer for single ale, half an hour for table beer of good malt ground, one pound of hops, put them in twenty gallons of Cleansed 14 Barrels of Ale. Your malt should be fine ground; give your first liquor at 170, mash Take six pounds of ground malt, and three gallons of boiling water, Prepare the same quantity of malt and boiling water as before, but id = 34348 author = Field, Kate title = The Drama of Glass date = keywords = Fair; Libbey; glass; illustration summary = world looks to the United States for rich cut glass, the highest In those early days glass beads were in great demand. Chicago the Libbey Glass Company filed an application for the exclusive Plaisance to show the process of making glass, was finished one week The finest American flint glass of the Columbian Exposition found its and eighty days and you discover that the drama of glass at the Fair was and Company of Toledo, Ohio, cut-glass makers to his royal Exposition the factory of the Libbey Glass Company, of Toledo, Ohio, has in the manufacture of cut glass. products of this mystic art, and that from thousands of cut-glass was collected the finest display of cut glass the world had ever seen? characteristic of the Libbey Cut Glass. Exposition, have added to the honors and reputation of the cut glass of the United States stands unrivaled in the manufacture of cut glass. id = 37420 author = Gardner, Henry A. (Henry Alfred) title = Paint Technology and Tests date = keywords = Atlantic; CENT; City; Fence; Formula; Gardner; North; Oil; Pittsburg; Test; White; Zinc; illustration; lead; paint; pigment; |good summary = as to the best percentage of oxides to use either in boiled oil, paints number of typical pigments when ground in linseed oil and painted out series of tests in which the action of various pigments upon linseed oil white leads and other single pigment paints which were used were =Reductions.= The single pigment paints, such as white leads, were the above chalking test is useful only where the painted panels under Single pigment paints such as white lead possessed very great [Illustration: Middle white panel is painted with a combination pigment checking on most of the combination pigment paints made of lead, zinc, made on the test fence in painting out the leads and other formulas on [Illustration: View of Concrete Paint Test Panels] =Test No. 8.= Concrete primed with one coat of white paint of the therefore, safe to say that no linseed oil film in a paint coating is id = 35597 author = Hughes, E. title = A Treatise on the Brewing of Beer date = keywords = beer; malt; wort summary = be acknowleged that good malt is frequently marred in brewing by the water is, so depends the brewing of beer. small beer, for by boiling the water a few minutes it will soften it, but the casks being thus heated by the sun causes the beer to work too Small beer should be let down into the tun much warmer than ale; and as Put some hops into your ale and small beer casks a few days before you drinking, put the hops into the casks when they are warm; if your beer cellars; even many of those who brew their own beer are neglectful, and quality of the malt and hops they brew with. the beer brewed from such malt will consequently have a smoaky taste: beer as malt and hops, and if those two commodities are in a good and greater the quantity of malt, brewed at one time, the better will be id = 20917 author = Husmann, George title = The Cultivation of The Native Grape, and Manufacture of American Wines date = keywords = Catawba; Concord; Delaware; FIG; Herbemont; Mr.; Norton; Virginia; grape; illustration; plant; vine; wine summary = produced for me, in fruit, wine, layers, cuttings, and plants, the to see that we can grow some varieties of grape on almost any soil. season to fully ripen its fruit and bring out all its good qualities. process for young vines, the first year after planting; but if good of the frost grape; makes a dark red wine, of good body, and much really good grape, should be without a few vines of it at least. A fair grape for the table, and makes a good wine, resembling A good _wine_ grape should have a large amount of sugar, with the acid This will contain the grape-mill, wine-presses, apparatus for stemming, APPARATUS FOR WINE-MAKING.--THE GRAPE MILL AND PRESS. APPARATUS FOR WINE-MAKING.--THE GRAPE MILL AND PRESS. To make white, or light-colored wine, the grapes which were gathered grapes will generally ripen better, so that we can in most seasons id = 44284 author = Jarves, Deming title = Reminiscences of Glass-making date = keywords = Bakewell; Boston; England; France; Mr.; New; States; Venice; art; english; glass; manufacture; work summary = The articles upon the history and progress of Glass Manufacture herein That the art of glass manufacture is destined to greater progress and these glasses and other ancient works of art prove that they were in Tyre entirely occupied by glass-works; and history makes no mention and progress of the manufacture of flint glass. 1754, near the site of the present glass-works in State Street. present New England Glass Company was formed, and became the purchasers been engaged in the manufacture of flint-glass in the Atlantic States, the year 1808, glass-works were established by a company of Germans, works,--manufacturing over 220,000 boxes of window-glass of 100 feet the manufacture of window-glass, while a portion of the workmen, in the There are now in Pittsburg nine concerns manufacturing flint-glass, various improvements in working furnaces and glass-houses. their manufacture of glass at a period when no foreign red lead was to id = 48722 author = LeFevre, Edwin title = Making Fermented Pickles date = keywords = brine; pickle; salt summary = Cucumber (salt, sour, sweet, dill, and mixed) pickles and sauerkraut or makes firm the vegetables placed in brine and checks the action of in a weak brine is to transfer the pickled product to glass jars as soon acetic acid) is required in making sour, sweet, and mixed pickles, and Salt pickles, or salt stock, are made by curing cucumbers in a brine stone have been replaced add to the brine over the cover 1 pound of salt After being cured in brine, pickles must receive a processing in water into sour, sweet, or mixed pickles, the salt should be largely, but not Pour over the pickles a brine made as follows: Salt, 1 pound; vinegar, salt for every 40 pounds of cabbage makes the proper strength of brine FERMENTATION AND SALTING OF VEGETABLES OTHER THAN CUCUMBERS AND CABBAGE keep pickles for more than a very few weeks a brine should contain 10 id = 17625 author = Luckiesh, Matthew title = Artificial Light: Its Influence upon Civilization date = keywords = England; London; Murdock; arc; artificial; candle; carbon; century; color; early; effect; electric; filament; flame; gas; great; illustration; lamp; light; lighting; obtain; oil; present; source; time summary = treat of the development of artificial light up to the present time. The highly developed artificial lighting of the present time may In order that oil-lamps may produce a brilliant light free from smoke, Furthermore, gas-lighting was an improvement over candles and oil-lamps of artificial lighting per day, the relative cost of gas-and gas-light remained for a long time the only illuminant supplied by a gas-lighting, because when it appeared electric lamps had already been designing direct-current arc-lamps, for inasmuch as most of the light uneconomical to use carbon lamps for general lighting purposes. This open-arc lamp was the first powerful light-source available and, light-source, compared with the arc-lamp, but it had the advantage of appeared, that this type of light-source could compete with arc-lamps on In 1848 the first electric arc lamp used for general lighting was light from incandescent lamps at the present time is only a small id = 29375 author = Luhr, Otto title = Manufacturing Cost Data on Artificial Ice date = keywords = day; ice; ton summary = Capacity of plant, 240 tons of ice per day, using 2692 cans of 400-lb. Current cost per ton of ice, 55 x .9, equals 49.6 cents. Adding 1/2 cent per ton of ice for the required heating, the total power cost of making 80,000 tons of ice is (80,000 x .50) Total Ice Plant Labor Cost Equals $18,760.00 power cost for making 60,450 tons of ice equals 60,450 x 54.5 cents, Manufacturing Costs Per Ton of Ice Using Steam Power at Therefore, the power cost of making one ton of ice with coal at $5.00 Therefore, the power cost of making one ton of ice with coal at $5.00 The total power cost of making 33,300 tons of ice is therefore, The total power cost of making 33,300 tons of ice is therefore, ENGINE ROOM AND ICE PLANT LABOR COST: ENGINE ROOM AND ICE PLANT LABOR COST: id = 50079 author = Mairet, Ethel title = A Book on Vegetable Dyes date = keywords = Dyeing; Indigo; Scotland; boil; colour; cotton; dye; hour; water; wool summary = 3rd.--The wool is boiled with the mordant and dye in the same bath mordant, dyes a very durable dark brown colour upon white wool or dyeing a kind of purple colour." Another lichen, taken from trees in and old roofs, dyes a fine plum colour, if the wool is mordanted first yields a good brown to boiling water, but this dye appears only to COLD INDIGO VAT FOR DYEING WOOL, SILK, LINEN AND COTTON. vats with Indigo and madder to dye a never-fading dark blue on wool, to 3 hours in a hot solution of Alum; wash in two waters, then boil up well in the dye and boil for ¾ hour, after which take out the wool, Boil wool with 4% of alum for 1 to 2 hours, and dye in a separate wool, previously mordanted with alum, is put into the dye bath with id = 21252 author = McHarry, Samuel title = The Practical Distiller An Introduction To Making Whiskey, Gin, Brandy, Spirits, &c. &c. of Better Quality, and in Larger Quantities, than Produced by the Present Mode of Distilling, from the Produce of the United States date = keywords = ART; Rye; distiller; gallon; good; hogshead; section; water; yeast summary = scald it well in a clean vessel, with a gallon of boiling water, let it Take four gallons cold water to each hogshead, add one gallon malt, stir four gallons of cold water to each hogshead, to stop the scalding. hogshead, then stir in one and a half bushels chopped rye, let it stand Take four gallons cold water, put it into a hogshead, then stir half a sixteen gallons boiling water, stir it well, cover it close for fifteen Have sweet hogsheads, good yeast and clean water in your boiler; when hogshead sixteen gallons of boiling water, stir it well--cover it close twelve gallons boiling water, and one and an half bushels corn, stir it When mashed rye begins to work or ferment in the hogsheads, either in a of boiling water, and stir it well for half an hour, then cover it close id = 33165 author = Meldola, Raphael title = Coal, and What We Get from It date = keywords = Caro; Cloth; Hofmann; London; acid; aniline; coal; colouring; compound; dye; gas; matter; oil; product; tar summary = production of colouring-matters from coal-tar, that any attempt to strip the first of the coal-tar colouring-matters was sent forth into commerce. large scale, when, a few years later, the first coal-tar colouring-matter violet colouring matter--the first dye from coal-tar--which was chemists obtained the red colouring-matter as a by-product; it was formed aniline on an increased scale sprung up, and the light oils of coal-tar the coal-tar colour industry--pure chemistry and chemical technology both which figures largely in the coal-tar colour industry. product, a violet colouring-matter was formed, and the same compound was a natural vegetable product from a coal-tar hydrocarbon. colouring-matters derived from coal-tar, none is more widely known than an extent that other colouring-matters, also derived from coal-tar, are The manufacture of one coal-tar colouring-matter has thus coal-tar products do not end with the formation of colouring-matters, if we put down the value of the coal-tar colouring-matters produced id = 45339 author = Paul, Alexander (Instructor in feather dyeing) title = The Practical Ostrich Feather Dyer date = keywords = BLUE; acid; bath; color; feather; illustration; rinse; shade; water summary = rinsing in luke warm water to remove acid, return to a weak soda bath your color to become too dark, rinse off your feathers in cold water bath, and add a small handful of starch, pass feathers through and dry. your feathers out of bath and rinse in cold water; mix a small handful after which take feathers from bath, rinse twice in clean cold water, water add a small handful of starch; enter your feathers, rub them bath, add starch and pass feathers through, squeeze out and dry. starch and pass feathers through a bath of boiling water and let remain rinse in luke warm water to remove the acid in feathers; next prepare clean water, add a small handful of starch and pass feathers through, water; enter feathers and let remain in bath about one minute; take out tartaric acid to the bath, re-enter the feathers and dye to shade; or id = 16378 author = Piesse, G. W. Septimus (George William Septimus) title = The Art of Perfumery, and Methods of Obtaining the Odors of Plants With Instructions for the Manufacture of Perfumes for the Handkerchief, Scented Powders, Odorous Vinegars, Dentifrices, Pomatums, Cosmetics, Perfumed Soap, Etc., to which is Added an Appendix on Preparing Artificial Fruit-Essences, Etc. date = keywords = BOUQUET; Cologne; Eau; England; English; Otto; acid; almond; essence; extract; flower; french; illustration; odor; oil; perfume; powder; rose; section; soap; spirit; water summary = Perfume--Odor of Plants owing to a peculiar Principle known as Essential Odor of English and French Perfumes due to the Spirit of Grape and Corn Tap Funnel for separating Ottos from Waters, and Spirits from Oil The essential oil of almonds, enters into combination with soap, cold proportions, and mixed with other oils, for perfuming soap. for its odorous quality used by the perfumer, is elder-flower water. agreeable rosy-smelling oil, so much resembling real otto of rose, that First dissolve the ottos in the spirit, then add the rose-water. Many perfumers and druggists in making lavender water or essence, use a Now, when orange-flowers are distilled with water, we procure the otto methods adopted for preparing its essence, extract, water, or oil, are The perfumer uses musk principally in the scenting of soap, sachet in the usual manner, using the almond oil thus odorized, the rose-water, id = 15308 author = Sanford, P. Gerald (Percy Gerald) title = Nitro-Explosives: A Practical Treatise date = keywords = Company; Cotton; FIG; Footnote; Glycerine; Gun; H_{2}SO_{4; Jour; Messrs; Nitrate; Nitro; Powder; acid; cent; explosive; form; illustration; temperature; water summary = Properties of Nitro-Glycerine--Manufacture--Nitration--Separation--Washing compound is formed known as tri-nitro-phenol, or picric acid, known as dynamite, that the use of nitro-glycerine as an explosive became to prepare nitro-glycerine by mixing the sulphuric acid with the the nitric acid, otherwise lower nitrates of glycerine would be formed acids) be formed when the nitrated glycerine is thrown into water and for some considerable time, the highest nitrate, known as hexa-nitrocellulose or gun-cotton, C_{12}H_{14}O_{4}(O.NO_{2})_{6}, will be formed; nitro-cellulose, the line of separation between the acids and the water earths, wood-pulp, nitro-cotton, carbon in some form or other, nitrobenzol, paraffin, sulphur, nitrates, or chlorates, &c. is a nitro-cellulose powder, a mixture of insoluble and soluble nitrocellulose together with the nitrates of barium and potassium, and a small Acetone--Scheme for Analysis of Explosives--Nitro-Cotton--Solubility Test-Acetone--Scheme for Analysis of Explosives--Nitro-Cotton--Solubility Test-The solution contains the nitro-glycerine, soluble cotton, and Acid mixture for nitrating nitro-glycerine, 23. id = 17149 author = Slosson, Edwin E. (Edwin Emery) title = Creative Chemistry: Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries date = keywords = Chemical; Chemistry; Company; Department; England; Europe; France; Germany; Government; India; Journal; New; States; United; York; acid; american; british; cent; chemist; find; french; gas; illustration; like; oil; process; product; rubber; sugar; war; water; year summary = burst like wind bags, but the nitrogen plants worked and made Germany Germany during the war used 200,000 tons of nitric acid a year in natural nitrates and the products of other processes depends upon how were trying to work out a new process for making cyanide to use in Another electrical furnace method, the Serpek process, uses aluminum in the manufacture of fertilizers and other useful products by water year before the war the United States imported a million tons of spoiling the water, so the gas-men gave away the tar to the boys for use leather go a long way during the late war to the use of a new synthetic chemist calls it--into a rubber-like substance. way and instead of water the product is alcohol, a very different thing, Sugar is not a synthetic product and the business of the chemist has id = 26106 author = Stull, Bertram O. title = U.S. Patent 4,293,314: Gelled Fuel-Air Explosive October 6, 1981. date = keywords = oxide summary = US Patent 4,293,314: Gelled Fuel-Air Explosive 1,2-Butylene oxide as a fuel for a fuel air explosive GELLED FUEL-AIR EXPLOSIVE METHOD GELLED FUEL-AIR EXPLOSIVE METHOD This invention relates to fuels for fuel air explosive dispersing a cloud of liquid fuel in the air and detonating Fuel air explosive weapons may be described as devices concentration of 50 parts per million of ethylene oxide 30 alone in a fuel air explosive weapon or other container, marked superiority over either ethylene oxide or propylene 60 1,2-butylene oxide is about 3 times safer than propylene of detonation is concerned, 1,2-butylene oxide has about 65 the same explosive limits as propylene oxide. 1,2-butylene oxide is significantly easier to handle oxide liquid is used as the fuel in a fuel air explosive found that butylene oxide is significantly less toxic than 15 cloud by a typical fuel air explosive weapon. essentially of 1,2-butylene oxide and a gelling agent id = 34114 author = Thomssen, Edgar George title = Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. date = keywords = Lye; Soda; acid; add; fat; illustration; method; oil; soap; water summary = soap we limit it to the sodium or potassium salt of a higher fatty acid. Inasmuch as a soap is the alkali salt of a fatty acid, the oil or fat fats which form soap are those which are a combination of fatty acids Glycerine plus 3 Fatty Alcohols equals Fat or Oil plus 3 Water. Fat or Oil plus 3 Sodium Hydrate equals Glycerine plus 3 Soap. Cocoanut oil soap takes up large quantities of water, cases having bleaching palm oil for 30 hours with air the free fatty acid content soap manufacturer prefers to use a neutral oil or fat, since from these splitting the neutral fats and oils into fatty acids and glycerine by saponification of oils, fats and greases by acid, lime or water under strengths that they are added to oils and fats to form soap. acids in the form of soaps in solution in the fat or oil. id = 22784 author = Threlfall, Richard title = On Laboratory Arts date = keywords = Mr.; case; end; fig; footnote; german; glass; good; inch; process; small; surface; thread; tool; tube; work summary = flint glass tubes require the most minute examination before they are made on the surface of a glass tube, and one end of the scratch be If it is desired to use the blow-pipe for working glass which is cork carrying a bit of glass tube for the same purpose to be inserted. For large blow-pipe work with lead glass I recommend a system jets are merely bits of very even three-sixteenths inch glass tubing, The air jets are simply pieces of glass tube held in position by of glass produced by drawing down a tube.] Having got a point, it The best way is to heat the glass surfaces and rub on the shellac from from the layer condensed on the glass surface of the tube to be glass-slate tool is then "roughed" just like the lens surface, but, of For very common work, bits of good plate glass are employed, and the id = 46953 author = Vizetelly, Henry title = A History of Champagne, with Notes on the Other Sparkling Wines of France date = keywords = Abbey; Avenay; Avize; Bertin; Bouzy; Burgundy; Carte; Champagne; Champaign; Chandon; Charles; Clicquot; Co.; Dom; Dry; Duke; England; English; Epernay; Extra; Footnote; France; Hautvillers; Henri; Ibid; King; London; Louis; Madame; Mareuil; Marne; Messrs.; Moët; Mémoire; Paris; Perignon; Pierry; Reims; Remi; Rocheret; Rue; Saint; Saumur; Sillery; St.; Verzenay; Vin; Werlé; bottle; french; illustration; vineyard; wine summary = of the Champagne vineyards--Abundance of wine--Visit to Reims of the Champagne vineyards--Abundance of wine--Visit to Reims century--Bottling of the wine in flasks--Icing Champagne with the century--Bottling of the wine in flasks--Icing Champagne with the London, who bottled Champagne wines regularly every year.[212] grillée au vin de Champagne_, was obtainable at Théron''s in the Rue St. Martin.[240] The sparkling wine can scarcely have failed to figure on in cask and bottle to the King''s wine-merchant--Champagne at in cask and bottle to the King''s wine-merchant--Champagne at [Illustration: THE VINTAGE IN THE CHAMPAGNE: A WINE-PRESS AT WORK.] With the different Champagne houses the mode of bottling the wine, bottles of Champagne, in addition to a large quantity of wine in cask. Our tour through the Champagne vineyards and wine-cellars here comes vintages in the Champagne--The quality of the wine has little vintages in the Champagne--The quality of the wine has little id = 46377 author = Wright, F. B. (Frederic B.) title = A Practical Handbook on the Distillation of Alcohol from Farm Products date = keywords = Act; CHAPTER; Fig; Internal; Revenue; SEC; alcohol; apparatus; content; grain; illustration; mash; oil; steam; water summary = When alcohol and water are mixed together the resulting liquid occupies, distiller, or producer of alcohol for general use in the arts. fermentation contains alcohol mixed with water--and that the next step in In an apparatus of this kind, the vapors of alcohol and water are water-vapor will be condensed while the alcohol, which boils at 172.4° F. analyzer, the mixed vapors of water and spirit pass through the pipe _i_ column, wherein the "wash" or mash fermented as described, passes over a But as it requires less heat to vaporize alcohol than water, so it also mixture of pure alcohol and water, the wash or liquid formed by the distillation by which a mixture of pure alcohol and water is obtained as Collector of Internal Revenue, a simple permit to use de-natured alcohol Act to manufacture de-natured alcohol must be distillers; in other words,