id sid tid token lemma pos 31627 1 1 Note note NN 31627 1 2 : : : 31627 1 3 Project Project NNP 31627 1 4 Gutenberg Gutenberg NNP 31627 1 5 also also RB 31627 1 6 has have VBZ 31627 1 7 an an DT 31627 1 8 HTML html NN 31627 1 9 version version NN 31627 1 10 of of IN 31627 1 11 this this DT 31627 1 12 file file NN 31627 1 13 which which WDT 31627 1 14 includes include VBZ 31627 1 15 the the DT 31627 1 16 original original JJ 31627 1 17 illustrations illustration NNS 31627 1 18 . . . 31627 2 1 See see VB 31627 2 2 31627-h.htm 31627-h.htm CD 31627 2 3 or or CC 31627 2 4 31627-h.zip 31627-h.zip CD 31627 2 5 : : : 31627 2 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2 7 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/31627/31627-h/31627-h.htm http://www.gutenberg.org/files/31627/31627-h/31627-h.htm NN 31627 2 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2 9 or or CC 31627 2 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2 11 http://www.gutenberg.org/files/31627/31627-h.zip http://www.gutenberg.org/files/31627/31627-h.zip NNP 31627 2 12 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2 13 The the DT 31627 2 14 Contemporary Contemporary NNP 31627 2 15 Science Science NNP 31627 2 16 Series Series NNP 31627 2 17 . . . 31627 3 1 Edited edit VBN 31627 3 2 by by IN 31627 3 3 Havelock Havelock NNP 31627 3 4 Ellis Ellis NNP 31627 3 5 . . . 31627 4 1 VOLCANOES VOLCANOES NNP 31627 4 2 : : : 31627 4 3 PAST past NN 31627 4 4 AND and CC 31627 4 5 PRESENT PRESENT NNS 31627 4 6 . . . 31627 5 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 5 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 5 3 : : : 31627 5 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 5 5 . . . 31627 6 1 1.--Eruption 1.--eruption CD 31627 6 2 of of IN 31627 6 3 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 6 4 , , , 31627 6 5 1872 1872 CD 31627 6 6 - - SYM 31627 6 7 1873 1873 CD 31627 6 8 ] ] -RRB- 31627 6 9 VOLCANOES VOLCANOES NNP 31627 6 10 : : : 31627 6 11 PAST past NN 31627 6 12 AND and CC 31627 6 13 PRESENT PRESENT NNS 31627 6 14 . . . 31627 7 1 by by IN 31627 7 2 EDWARD EDWARD NNP 31627 7 3 HULL HULL NNP 31627 7 4 , , , 31627 7 5 M.A. M.A. NNP 31627 7 6 , , , 31627 7 7 LL.D. LL.D. NNP 31627 7 8 , , , 31627 7 9 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 31627 8 1 Examiner examiner NN 31627 8 2 in in IN 31627 8 3 Geology Geology NNP 31627 8 4 to to IN 31627 8 5 the the DT 31627 8 6 University University NNP 31627 8 7 of of IN 31627 8 8 London London NNP 31627 8 9 . . . 31627 9 1 With with IN 31627 9 2 41 41 CD 31627 9 3 Illustrations illustration NNS 31627 9 4 and and CC 31627 9 5 4 4 CD 31627 9 6 Plates Plates NNPS 31627 9 7 of of IN 31627 9 8 Rock Rock NNP 31627 9 9 - - HYPH 31627 9 10 Sections Sections NNP 31627 9 11 . . . 31627 10 1 London London NNP 31627 10 2 : : : 31627 10 3 Walter Walter NNP 31627 10 4 Scott Scott NNP 31627 10 5 , , , 31627 10 6 Limited Limited NNP 31627 10 7 , , , 31627 10 8 24 24 CD 31627 10 9 , , , 31627 10 10 Warwick Warwick NNP 31627 10 11 Lane Lane NNP 31627 10 12 , , , 31627 10 13 Paternoster Paternoster NNP 31627 10 14 Row Row NNP 31627 10 15 . . . 31627 11 1 1892 1892 CD 31627 11 2 . . . 31627 12 1 _ _ NNP 31627 12 2 BY by IN 31627 12 3 THE the DT 31627 12 4 SAME SAME NNP 31627 12 5 AUTHOR AUTHOR NNP 31627 12 6 . . . 31627 12 7 _ _ NNP 31627 12 8 The the DT 31627 12 9 Coal Coal NNP 31627 12 10 - - HYPH 31627 12 11 fields field NNS 31627 12 12 of of IN 31627 12 13 Great Great NNP 31627 12 14 Britain Britain NNP 31627 12 15 : : : 31627 12 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 12 17 History history NN 31627 12 18 , , , 31627 12 19 Structure structure NN 31627 12 20 , , , 31627 12 21 and and CC 31627 12 22 Resources resource NNS 31627 12 23 . . . 31627 13 1 4th 4th JJ 31627 13 2 edit edit NNP 31627 13 3 . . . 31627 14 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 14 2 1881 1881 CD 31627 14 3 . . . 31627 14 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 15 1 E. E. NNP 31627 15 2 Stanford Stanford NNP 31627 15 3 . . . 31627 16 1 The the DT 31627 16 2 Physical physical JJ 31627 16 3 History History NNP 31627 16 4 of of IN 31627 16 5 the the DT 31627 16 6 British british JJ 31627 16 7 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 16 8 . . . 31627 17 1 With with IN 31627 17 2 a a DT 31627 17 3 Dissertation dissertation NN 31627 17 4 on on IN 31627 17 5 the the DT 31627 17 6 Origin Origin NNP 31627 17 7 of of IN 31627 17 8 Western Western NNP 31627 17 9 Europe Europe NNP 31627 17 10 and and CC 31627 17 11 of of IN 31627 17 12 the the DT 31627 17 13 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 17 14 Ocean Ocean NNP 31627 17 15 . . . 31627 18 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 18 2 1882 1882 CD 31627 18 3 . . . 31627 18 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 19 1 E. E. NNP 31627 19 2 Stanford Stanford NNP 31627 19 3 . . . 31627 20 1 The the DT 31627 20 2 Physical Physical NNP 31627 20 3 Geology Geology NNP 31627 20 4 and and CC 31627 20 5 Geography Geography NNP 31627 20 6 of of IN 31627 20 7 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 20 8 . . . 31627 21 1 2nd 2nd JJ 31627 21 2 edit edit NNP 31627 21 3 . . . 31627 22 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 22 2 1891 1891 CD 31627 22 3 . . . 31627 22 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 23 1 E. E. NNP 31627 23 2 Stanford Stanford NNP 31627 23 3 . . . 31627 24 1 Treatise treatise VB 31627 24 2 on on IN 31627 24 3 the the DT 31627 24 4 Building Building NNP 31627 24 5 and and CC 31627 24 6 Ornamental Ornamental NNP 31627 24 7 Stones Stones NNPS 31627 24 8 of of IN 31627 24 9 Great Great NNP 31627 24 10 Britain Britain NNP 31627 24 11 and and CC 31627 24 12 Foreign Foreign NNP 31627 24 13 Countries Countries NNPS 31627 24 14 . . . 31627 25 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 25 2 1872 1872 CD 31627 25 3 . . . 31627 25 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 26 1 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 31627 26 2 and and CC 31627 26 3 Co. Co. NNP 31627 26 4 Memoir Memoir NNP 31627 26 5 on on IN 31627 26 6 the the DT 31627 26 7 Physical Physical NNP 31627 26 8 Geology Geology NNP 31627 26 9 and and CC 31627 26 10 Geography Geography NNP 31627 26 11 of of IN 31627 26 12 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 26 13 - - HYPH 31627 26 14 Petræa Petræa NNP 31627 26 15 , , , 31627 26 16 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 26 17 , , , 31627 26 18 and and CC 31627 26 19 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 26 20 Districts district NNS 31627 26 21 . . . 31627 27 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 27 2 1886 1886 CD 31627 27 3 . . . 31627 27 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 28 1 Committee Committee NNP 31627 28 2 of of IN 31627 28 3 the the DT 31627 28 4 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 28 5 Exploration Exploration NNP 31627 28 6 Fund Fund NNP 31627 28 7 . . . 31627 29 1 Mount Mount NNP 31627 29 2 Seir Seir NNP 31627 29 3 , , , 31627 29 4 Sinai Sinai NNP 31627 29 5 , , , 31627 29 6 and and CC 31627 29 7 Western Western NNP 31627 29 8 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 29 9 . . . 31627 30 1 Being be VBG 31627 30 2 a a DT 31627 30 3 Narrative Narrative NNP 31627 30 4 of of IN 31627 30 5 a a DT 31627 30 6 Scientific Scientific NNP 31627 30 7 Expedition Expedition NNP 31627 30 8 , , , 31627 30 9 1883 1883 CD 31627 30 10 - - SYM 31627 30 11 84 84 CD 31627 30 12 . . . 31627 31 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 31 2 1885 1885 CD 31627 31 3 . . . 31627 31 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 32 1 Committee Committee NNP 31627 32 2 of of IN 31627 32 3 the the DT 31627 32 4 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 32 5 Exploration Exploration NNP 31627 32 6 Fund Fund NNP 31627 32 7 . . . 31627 33 1 Text text NN 31627 33 2 - - HYPH 31627 33 3 book book NN 31627 33 4 of of IN 31627 33 5 Physiography Physiography NNP 31627 33 6 . . . 31627 34 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 34 2 1888 1888 CD 31627 34 3 . . . 31627 34 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 35 1 C. C. NNP 31627 35 2 W. W. NNP 31627 35 3 Deacon Deacon NNP 31627 35 4 and and CC 31627 35 5 Co. Co. NNP 31627 36 1 Sketch Sketch NNP 31627 36 2 of of IN 31627 36 3 Geological Geological NNP 31627 36 4 History History NNP 31627 36 5 . . . 31627 37 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 37 2 1887 1887 CD 31627 37 3 . . . 31627 37 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 38 1 C. C. NNP 31627 38 2 W. W. NNP 31627 38 3 Deacon Deacon NNP 31627 38 4 and and CC 31627 38 5 Co. Co. NNP 31627 39 1 PREFACE PREFACE NNP 31627 39 2 . . . 31627 40 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 40 2 has have VBZ 31627 40 3 not not RB 31627 40 4 been be VBN 31627 40 5 my -PRON- PRP$ 31627 40 6 object object NN 31627 40 7 to to TO 31627 40 8 present present VB 31627 40 9 in in IN 31627 40 10 the the DT 31627 40 11 following follow VBG 31627 40 12 pages page NNS 31627 40 13 even even RB 31627 40 14 an an DT 31627 40 15 approximately approximately RB 31627 40 16 complete complete JJ 31627 40 17 description description NN 31627 40 18 of of IN 31627 40 19 the the DT 31627 40 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 40 21 and and CC 31627 40 22 seismic seismic JJ 31627 40 23 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 40 24 of of IN 31627 40 25 the the DT 31627 40 26 globe globe NN 31627 40 27 ; ; : 31627 40 28 such such PDT 31627 40 29 an an DT 31627 40 30 undertaking undertaking NN 31627 40 31 would would MD 31627 40 32 involve involve VB 31627 40 33 an an DT 31627 40 34 amount amount NN 31627 40 35 of of IN 31627 40 36 labour labour NN 31627 40 37 which which WDT 31627 40 38 few few JJ 31627 40 39 would would MD 31627 40 40 be be VB 31627 40 41 bold bold JJ 31627 40 42 enough enough RB 31627 40 43 to to TO 31627 40 44 attempt attempt VB 31627 40 45 ; ; : 31627 40 46 nor nor CC 31627 40 47 would would MD 31627 40 48 it -PRON- PRP 31627 40 49 be be VB 31627 40 50 compatible compatible JJ 31627 40 51 with with IN 31627 40 52 the the DT 31627 40 53 aims aim NNS 31627 40 54 of of IN 31627 40 55 the the DT 31627 40 56 _ _ NNP 31627 40 57 Contemporary Contemporary NNP 31627 40 58 Science Science NNP 31627 40 59 Series Series NNP 31627 40 60 _ _ NNP 31627 40 61 . . . 31627 41 1 I -PRON- PRP 31627 41 2 have have VBP 31627 41 3 rather rather RB 31627 41 4 chosen choose VBN 31627 41 5 to to TO 31627 41 6 illustrate illustrate VB 31627 41 7 the the DT 31627 41 8 most most RBS 31627 41 9 recent recent JJ 31627 41 10 conclusions conclusion NNS 31627 41 11 regarding regard VBG 31627 41 12 the the DT 31627 41 13 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 41 14 and and CC 31627 41 15 origin origin NN 31627 41 16 of of IN 31627 41 17 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 41 18 action action NN 31627 41 19 , , , 31627 41 20 by by IN 31627 41 21 the the DT 31627 41 22 selection selection NN 31627 41 23 of of IN 31627 41 24 examples example NNS 31627 41 25 drawn draw VBN 31627 41 26 from from IN 31627 41 27 the the DT 31627 41 28 districts district NNS 31627 41 29 where where WRB 31627 41 30 these these DT 31627 41 31 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 41 32 have have VBP 31627 41 33 been be VBN 31627 41 34 most most RBS 31627 41 35 carefully carefully RB 31627 41 36 observed observe VBN 31627 41 37 and and CC 31627 41 38 recorded record VBN 31627 41 39 under under IN 31627 41 40 the the DT 31627 41 41 light light NN 31627 41 42 of of IN 31627 41 43 modern modern JJ 31627 41 44 geological geological JJ 31627 41 45 science science NN 31627 41 46 . . . 31627 42 1 I -PRON- PRP 31627 42 2 have have VBP 31627 42 3 also also RB 31627 42 4 endeavoured endeavour VBN 31627 42 5 to to TO 31627 42 6 show show VB 31627 42 7 , , , 31627 42 8 by by IN 31627 42 9 illustrations illustration NNS 31627 42 10 carried carry VBN 31627 42 11 back back RB 31627 42 12 into into IN 31627 42 13 later later JJ 31627 42 14 geological geological JJ 31627 42 15 epochs epoch NNS 31627 42 16 , , , 31627 42 17 how how WRB 31627 42 18 the the DT 31627 42 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 42 20 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 42 21 of of IN 31627 42 22 the the DT 31627 42 23 present present JJ 31627 42 24 day day NN 31627 42 25 do do VBP 31627 42 26 not not RB 31627 42 27 differ differ VB 31627 42 28 in in IN 31627 42 29 kind kind NN 31627 42 30 , , , 31627 42 31 though though IN 31627 42 32 they -PRON- PRP 31627 42 33 may may MD 31627 42 34 in in IN 31627 42 35 degree degree NN 31627 42 36 , , , 31627 42 37 from from IN 31627 42 38 those those DT 31627 42 39 of of IN 31627 42 40 the the DT 31627 42 41 past past JJ 31627 42 42 history history NN 31627 42 43 of of IN 31627 42 44 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 42 45 globe globe NN 31627 42 46 . . . 31627 43 1 For for IN 31627 43 2 not not RB 31627 43 3 only only RB 31627 43 4 do do VBP 31627 43 5 the the DT 31627 43 6 modes mode NNS 31627 43 7 of of IN 31627 43 8 eruption eruption NN 31627 43 9 of of IN 31627 43 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 43 11 materials material NNS 31627 43 12 in in IN 31627 43 13 past past JJ 31627 43 14 geological geological JJ 31627 43 15 times time NNS 31627 43 16 resemble resemble VBP 31627 43 17 those those DT 31627 43 18 of of IN 31627 43 19 the the DT 31627 43 20 present present JJ 31627 43 21 or or CC 31627 43 22 human human JJ 31627 43 23 epoch epoch NN 31627 43 24 , , , 31627 43 25 but but CC 31627 43 26 the the DT 31627 43 27 materials material NNS 31627 43 28 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 43 29 are be VBP 31627 43 30 so so RB 31627 43 31 similar similar JJ 31627 43 32 in in IN 31627 43 33 character character NN 31627 43 34 that that IN 31627 43 35 it -PRON- PRP 31627 43 36 is be VBZ 31627 43 37 only only RB 31627 43 38 in in IN 31627 43 39 consequence consequence NN 31627 43 40 of of IN 31627 43 41 alterations alteration NNS 31627 43 42 in in IN 31627 43 43 structure structure NN 31627 43 44 or or CC 31627 43 45 composition composition NN 31627 43 46 which which WDT 31627 43 47 the the DT 31627 43 48 original original JJ 31627 43 49 materials material NNS 31627 43 50 have have VBP 31627 43 51 undergone undergo VBN 31627 43 52 , , , 31627 43 53 since since IN 31627 43 54 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 43 55 extrusion extrusion NN 31627 43 56 , , , 31627 43 57 that that IN 31627 43 58 any any DT 31627 43 59 important important JJ 31627 43 60 distinctions distinction NNS 31627 43 61 can can MD 31627 43 62 be be VB 31627 43 63 recognised recognise VBN 31627 43 64 between between IN 31627 43 65 the the DT 31627 43 66 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 43 67 products product NNS 31627 43 68 of of IN 31627 43 69 recent recent JJ 31627 43 70 times time NNS 31627 43 71 and and CC 31627 43 72 those those DT 31627 43 73 of of IN 31627 43 74 earlier early JJR 31627 43 75 periods period NNS 31627 43 76 . . . 31627 44 1 I -PRON- PRP 31627 44 2 have have VBP 31627 44 3 , , , 31627 44 4 finally finally RB 31627 44 5 , , , 31627 44 6 endeavoured endeavour VBD 31627 44 7 to to TO 31627 44 8 find find VB 31627 44 9 an an DT 31627 44 10 answer answer NN 31627 44 11 to to IN 31627 44 12 two two CD 31627 44 13 interesting interesting JJ 31627 44 14 and and CC 31627 44 15 important important JJ 31627 44 16 questions question NNS 31627 44 17 : : : 31627 44 18 ( ( -LRB- 31627 44 19 1 1 LS 31627 44 20 ) ) -RRB- 31627 44 21 Are be VBP 31627 44 22 we -PRON- PRP 31627 44 23 now now RB 31627 44 24 living live VBG 31627 44 25 in in IN 31627 44 26 an an DT 31627 44 27 epoch epoch NN 31627 44 28 of of IN 31627 44 29 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 31627 44 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 44 31 energy?--a energy?--a NNP 31627 44 32 question question NN 31627 44 33 which which WDT 31627 44 34 such such JJ 31627 44 35 terrible terrible JJ 31627 44 36 outbursts outburst NNS 31627 44 37 as as IN 31627 44 38 we -PRON- PRP 31627 44 39 have have VBP 31627 44 40 recently recently RB 31627 44 41 witnessed witness VBN 31627 44 42 in in IN 31627 44 43 Japan Japan NNP 31627 44 44 , , , 31627 44 45 the the DT 31627 44 46 Malay Malay NNP 31627 44 47 Archipelago Archipelago NNP 31627 44 48 , , , 31627 44 49 and and CC 31627 44 50 even even RB 31627 44 51 in in IN 31627 44 52 Italy Italy NNP 31627 44 53 , , , 31627 44 54 naturally naturally RB 31627 44 55 suggest suggest VBP 31627 44 56 ; ; : 31627 44 57 and and CC 31627 44 58 ( ( -LRB- 31627 44 59 2 2 LS 31627 44 60 ) ) -RRB- 31627 44 61 What what WP 31627 44 62 is be VBZ 31627 44 63 the the DT 31627 44 64 ultimate ultimate JJ 31627 44 65 cause cause NN 31627 44 66 of of IN 31627 44 67 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 44 68 action action NN 31627 44 69 ? ? . 31627 45 1 On on IN 31627 45 2 this this DT 31627 45 3 latter latter JJ 31627 45 4 point point NN 31627 45 5 I -PRON- PRP 31627 45 6 am be VBP 31627 45 7 gratified gratified JJ 31627 45 8 to to TO 31627 45 9 find find VB 31627 45 10 that that IN 31627 45 11 my -PRON- PRP$ 31627 45 12 conclusions conclusion NNS 31627 45 13 are be VBP 31627 45 14 in in IN 31627 45 15 accordance accordance NN 31627 45 16 with with IN 31627 45 17 those those DT 31627 45 18 expounded expound VBN 31627 45 19 by by IN 31627 45 20 one one CD 31627 45 21 who who WP 31627 45 22 has have VBZ 31627 45 23 been be VBN 31627 45 24 appropriately appropriately RB 31627 45 25 designated designate VBN 31627 45 26 " " `` 31627 45 27 the the DT 31627 45 28 Nestor Nestor NNP 31627 45 29 of of IN 31627 45 30 Modern Modern NNP 31627 45 31 Geology Geology NNP 31627 45 32 , , , 31627 45 33 " " '' 31627 45 34 Professor Professor NNP 31627 45 35 Prestwich Prestwich NNP 31627 45 36 . . . 31627 46 1 Within within IN 31627 46 2 the the DT 31627 46 3 last last JJ 31627 46 4 few few JJ 31627 46 5 years year NNS 31627 46 6 the the DT 31627 46 7 study study NN 31627 46 8 of of IN 31627 46 9 the the DT 31627 46 10 structure structure NN 31627 46 11 and and CC 31627 46 12 composition composition NN 31627 46 13 of of IN 31627 46 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 46 15 rocks rock NNS 31627 46 16 , , , 31627 46 17 by by IN 31627 46 18 means mean NNS 31627 46 19 of of IN 31627 46 20 the the DT 31627 46 21 microscope microscope NN 31627 46 22 brought bring VBD 31627 46 23 to to TO 31627 46 24 bear bear VB 31627 46 25 on on IN 31627 46 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 46 27 translucent translucent JJ 31627 46 28 sections section NNS 31627 46 29 , , , 31627 46 30 has have VBZ 31627 46 31 added add VBN 31627 46 32 wonderfully wonderfully RB 31627 46 33 to to IN 31627 46 34 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 46 35 knowledge knowledge NN 31627 46 36 of of IN 31627 46 37 such such JJ 31627 46 38 rocks rock NNS 31627 46 39 , , , 31627 46 40 and and CC 31627 46 41 has have VBZ 31627 46 42 become become VBN 31627 46 43 a a DT 31627 46 44 special special JJ 31627 46 45 branch branch NN 31627 46 46 of of IN 31627 46 47 petrological petrological JJ 31627 46 48 investigation investigation NN 31627 46 49 . . . 31627 47 1 Commenced commence VBN 31627 47 2 by by IN 31627 47 3 Sorby Sorby NNP 31627 47 4 , , , 31627 47 5 and and CC 31627 47 6 carried carry VBN 31627 47 7 on on RP 31627 47 8 by by IN 31627 47 9 Allport Allport NNP 31627 47 10 , , , 31627 47 11 Zirkel Zirkel NNP 31627 47 12 , , , 31627 47 13 Rosenbusch Rosenbusch NNP 31627 47 14 , , , 31627 47 15 Von Von NNP 31627 47 16 Lasaulx Lasaulx NNP 31627 47 17 , , , 31627 47 18 Teall Teall NNP 31627 47 19 , , , 31627 47 20 and and CC 31627 47 21 many many JJ 31627 47 22 more more RBR 31627 47 23 enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ 31627 47 24 students student NNS 31627 47 25 , , , 31627 47 26 it -PRON- PRP 31627 47 27 has have VBZ 31627 47 28 thrown throw VBN 31627 47 29 a a DT 31627 47 30 flood flood NN 31627 47 31 of of IN 31627 47 32 light light NN 31627 47 33 upon upon IN 31627 47 34 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 47 35 knowledge knowledge NN 31627 47 36 of of IN 31627 47 37 the the DT 31627 47 38 mutual mutual JJ 31627 47 39 relations relation NNS 31627 47 40 of of IN 31627 47 41 the the DT 31627 47 42 component component NN 31627 47 43 minerals mineral NNS 31627 47 44 of of IN 31627 47 45 igneous igneous JJ 31627 47 46 masses masse NNS 31627 47 47 , , , 31627 47 48 the the DT 31627 47 49 alteration alteration NN 31627 47 50 these these DT 31627 47 51 minerals mineral NNS 31627 47 52 have have VBP 31627 47 53 undergone undergo VBN 31627 47 54 in in IN 31627 47 55 some some DT 31627 47 56 cases case NNS 31627 47 57 , , , 31627 47 58 and and CC 31627 47 59 the the DT 31627 47 60 conditions condition NNS 31627 47 61 under under IN 31627 47 62 which which WDT 31627 47 63 they -PRON- PRP 31627 47 64 have have VBP 31627 47 65 been be VBN 31627 47 66 erupted erupt VBN 31627 47 67 and and CC 31627 47 68 consolidated consolidate VBN 31627 47 69 . . . 31627 48 1 But but CC 31627 48 2 nothing nothing NN 31627 48 3 that that WDT 31627 48 4 has have VBZ 31627 48 5 been be VBN 31627 48 6 observed observe VBN 31627 48 7 has have VBZ 31627 48 8 tended tend VBN 31627 48 9 materially materially RB 31627 48 10 to to TO 31627 48 11 alter alter VB 31627 48 12 conclusions conclusion NNS 31627 48 13 arrived arrive VBN 31627 48 14 at at IN 31627 48 15 by by IN 31627 48 16 other other JJ 31627 48 17 processes process NNS 31627 48 18 of of IN 31627 48 19 reasoning reasoning NN 31627 48 20 regarding regard VBG 31627 48 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 48 22 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 48 23 , , , 31627 48 24 and and CC 31627 48 25 for for IN 31627 48 26 these these DT 31627 48 27 we -PRON- PRP 31627 48 28 have have VBP 31627 48 29 to to TO 31627 48 30 fall fall VB 31627 48 31 back back RB 31627 48 32 upon upon IN 31627 48 33 observations observation NNS 31627 48 34 conducted conduct VBN 31627 48 35 in in IN 31627 48 36 the the DT 31627 48 37 field field NN 31627 48 38 on on IN 31627 48 39 a a DT 31627 48 40 more more RBR 31627 48 41 or or CC 31627 48 42 less less RBR 31627 48 43 large large JJ 31627 48 44 scale scale NN 31627 48 45 , , , 31627 48 46 and and CC 31627 48 47 carried carry VBN 31627 48 48 on on RP 31627 48 49 before before RB 31627 48 50 , , , 31627 48 51 during during IN 31627 48 52 , , , 31627 48 53 and and CC 31627 48 54 after after IN 31627 48 55 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 48 56 . . . 31627 49 1 Macroscopic macroscopic JJ 31627 49 2 and and CC 31627 49 3 microscopic microscopic JJ 31627 49 4 observations observation NNS 31627 49 5 have have VBP 31627 49 6 to to TO 31627 49 7 go go VB 31627 49 8 hand hand NN 31627 49 9 in in IN 31627 49 10 hand hand NN 31627 49 11 in in IN 31627 49 12 the the DT 31627 49 13 study study NN 31627 49 14 of of IN 31627 49 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 49 16 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 49 17 . . . 31627 50 1 E. E. NNP 31627 50 2 H. H. NNP 31627 50 3 CONTENTS CONTENTS NNP 31627 50 4 . . . 31627 51 1 PART PART NNP 31627 51 2 I. I. NNP 31627 52 1 _ _ NNP 31627 52 2 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION NNP 31627 52 3 . . . 31627 52 4 _ _ NNP 31627 52 5 PAGE PAGE NNP 31627 52 6 Chap Chap NNP 31627 52 7 . . . 31627 53 1 I. I. NNP 31627 54 1 Historic historic JJ 31627 54 2 Notices notice NNS 31627 54 3 of of IN 31627 54 4 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 54 5 Action Action NNP 31627 54 6 1 1 CD 31627 54 7 - - SYM 31627 54 8 9 9 CD 31627 54 9 " " `` 31627 54 10 II ii CD 31627 54 11 . . . 31627 55 1 Form form NN 31627 55 2 , , , 31627 55 3 Structure structure NN 31627 55 4 , , , 31627 55 5 and and CC 31627 55 6 Composition composition NN 31627 55 7 of of IN 31627 55 8 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 55 9 Mountains Mountains NNP 31627 55 10 10 10 CD 31627 55 11 - - SYM 31627 55 12 19 19 CD 31627 55 13 " " NN 31627 55 14 III iii CD 31627 55 15 . . . 31627 56 1 Lines line NNS 31627 56 2 and and CC 31627 56 3 Groups Groups NNPS 31627 56 4 of of IN 31627 56 5 Active active JJ 31627 56 6 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 56 7 Vents vent NNS 31627 56 8 20 20 CD 31627 56 9 - - SYM 31627 56 10 29 29 CD 31627 56 11 " " `` 31627 56 12 IV IV NNP 31627 56 13 . . . 31627 57 1 Mid mid JJ 31627 57 2 - - JJ 31627 57 3 ocean ocean NN 31627 57 4 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 57 5 Islands Islands NNP 31627 57 6 30 30 CD 31627 57 7 - - SYM 31627 57 8 40 40 CD 31627 57 9 PART PART NNP 31627 57 10 II ii CD 31627 57 11 . . . 31627 58 1 _ _ NNP 31627 58 2 EUROPEAN EUROPEAN NNP 31627 58 3 VOLCANOES VOLCANOES NNP 31627 58 4 . . . 31627 58 5 _ _ NNP 31627 58 6 Chap Chap NNP 31627 58 7 . . . 31627 59 1 I. I. NNP 31627 59 2 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 59 3 41 41 CD 31627 59 4 - - SYM 31627 59 5 60 60 CD 31627 59 6 " " `` 31627 59 7 II ii CD 31627 59 8 . . . 31627 60 1 Etna Etna NNP 31627 60 2 61 61 CD 31627 60 3 - - HYPH 31627 60 4 68 68 CD 31627 60 5 " " `` 31627 60 6 III iii CD 31627 60 7 . . . 31627 61 1 The the DT 31627 61 2 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 61 3 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 61 4 , , , 31627 61 5 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 61 6 69 69 CD 31627 61 7 - - SYM 31627 61 8 75 75 CD 31627 61 9 " " `` 31627 61 10 IV IV NNP 31627 61 11 . . . 31627 62 1 The the DT 31627 62 2 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 62 3 Group Group NNP 31627 62 4 76 76 CD 31627 62 5 - - HYPH 31627 62 6 83 83 CD 31627 62 7 " " `` 31627 62 8 V. V. NNP 31627 62 9 European European NNP 31627 62 10 Extinct Extinct NNP 31627 62 11 or or CC 31627 62 12 Dormant Dormant NNP 31627 62 13 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 62 14 84 84 CD 31627 62 15 - - SYM 31627 62 16 91 91 CD 31627 62 17 " " `` 31627 62 18 VI VI NNP 31627 62 19 . . . 31627 63 1 Extinct extinct JJ 31627 63 2 Volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 63 3 of of IN 31627 63 4 Central Central NNP 31627 63 5 France France NNP 31627 63 6 92 92 CD 31627 63 7 - - SYM 31627 63 8 112 112 CD 31627 63 9 " " `` 31627 63 10 VII VII NNP 31627 63 11 . . . 31627 64 1 The the DT 31627 64 2 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 64 3 District District NNP 31627 64 4 of of IN 31627 64 5 the the DT 31627 64 6 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 64 7 Valley Valley NNP 31627 64 8 13 13 CD 31627 64 9 - - SYM 31627 64 10 125 125 CD 31627 64 11 PART PART NNP 31627 64 12 III iii CD 31627 64 13 . . . 31627 65 1 _ _ NNP 31627 65 2 DORMANT DORMANT NNP 31627 65 3 OR or CC 31627 65 4 MORIBUND MORIBUND NNP 31627 65 5 VOLCANOES volcano NNS 31627 65 6 OF of IN 31627 65 7 OTHER other JJ 31627 65 8 PARTS PARTS NNP 31627 65 9 OF of IN 31627 65 10 THE the DT 31627 65 11 WORLD WORLD NNP 31627 65 12 . . . 31627 65 13 _ _ NNP 31627 65 14 Chap Chap NNP 31627 65 15 . . . 31627 66 1 I. I. NNP 31627 66 2 Dormant Dormant NNP 31627 66 3 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 66 4 of of IN 31627 66 5 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 66 6 and and CC 31627 66 7 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 66 8 126 126 CD 31627 66 9 - - SYM 31627 66 10 135 135 CD 31627 66 11 " " '' 31627 66 12 II II NNP 31627 66 13 . . . 31627 67 1 The the DT 31627 67 2 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 67 3 Regions Regions NNPS 31627 67 4 of of IN 31627 67 5 North North NNP 31627 67 6 America America NNP 31627 67 7 136 136 CD 31627 67 8 - - SYM 31627 67 9 145 145 CD 31627 67 10 " " '' 31627 67 11 III iii CD 31627 67 12 . . . 31627 68 1 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNP 31627 68 2 of of IN 31627 68 3 New New NNP 31627 68 4 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 68 5 146 146 CD 31627 68 6 - - SYM 31627 68 7 153 153 CD 31627 68 8 PART PART NNP 31627 68 9 IV IV NNP 31627 68 10 . . . 31627 69 1 _ _ NNP 31627 69 2 TERTIARY TERTIARY NNP 31627 69 3 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 69 4 DISTRICTS DISTRICTS NNP 31627 69 5 OF of IN 31627 69 6 THE the DT 31627 69 7 BRITISH BRITISH NNP 31627 69 8 ISLES ISLES NNP 31627 69 9 . . . 31627 69 10 _ _ NNP 31627 69 11 Chap Chap NNP 31627 69 12 . . . 31627 70 1 I. I. NNP 31627 70 2 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 70 3 154 154 CD 31627 70 4 - - SYM 31627 70 5 159 159 CD 31627 70 6 " " `` 31627 70 7 II ii CD 31627 70 8 . . . 31627 71 1 Succession succession NN 31627 71 2 of of IN 31627 71 3 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 71 4 Eruptions Eruptions NNP 31627 71 5 160 160 CD 31627 71 6 - - SYM 31627 71 7 171 171 CD 31627 71 8 " " `` 31627 71 9 III iii CD 31627 71 10 . . . 31627 72 1 Island Island NNP 31627 72 2 of of IN 31627 72 3 Mull Mull NNP 31627 72 4 and and CC 31627 72 5 Adjoining Adjoining NNP 31627 72 6 Coast Coast NNP 31627 72 7 172 172 CD 31627 72 8 - - SYM 31627 72 9 176 176 CD 31627 72 10 " " `` 31627 72 11 IV IV NNP 31627 72 12 . . . 31627 73 1 Isle Isle NNP 31627 73 2 of of IN 31627 73 3 Skye Skye NNP 31627 73 4 177 177 CD 31627 73 5 - - SYM 31627 73 6 179 179 CD 31627 73 7 " " `` 31627 73 8 V. V. NNP 31627 73 9 The the DT 31627 73 10 Scuir Scuir NNP 31627 73 11 of of IN 31627 73 12 Eigg Eigg NNP 31627 73 13 180 180 CD 31627 73 14 - - SYM 31627 73 15 184 184 CD 31627 73 16 " " `` 31627 73 17 VI VI NNP 31627 73 18 . . . 31627 74 1 Isle Isle NNP 31627 74 2 of of IN 31627 74 3 Staffa Staffa NNP 31627 74 4 185 185 CD 31627 74 5 - - SYM 31627 74 6 186 186 CD 31627 74 7 PART PART NNP 31627 74 8 V. V. NNP 31627 74 9 _ _ NNP 31627 74 10 PRE PRE NNP 31627 74 11 - - HYPH 31627 74 12 TERTIARY TERTIARY NNP 31627 74 13 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 74 14 ROCKS rock NNS 31627 74 15 . . . 31627 74 16 _ _ NNP 31627 74 17 Chap Chap NNP 31627 74 18 . . . 31627 75 1 I. I. NNP 31627 76 1 The the DT 31627 76 2 Deccan Deccan NNP 31627 76 3 Trap Trap NNP 31627 76 4 - - HYPH 31627 76 5 series series NN 31627 76 6 of of IN 31627 76 7 India India NNP 31627 76 8 187 187 CD 31627 76 9 - - SYM 31627 76 10 189 189 CD 31627 76 11 " " `` 31627 76 12 II ii CD 31627 76 13 . . . 31627 77 1 Abyssinian Abyssinian NNP 31627 77 2 Table Table NNP 31627 77 3 - - HYPH 31627 77 4 lands land VBZ 31627 77 5 190 190 CD 31627 77 6 - - SYM 31627 77 7 193 193 CD 31627 77 8 " " '' 31627 77 9 III iii CD 31627 77 10 . . . 31627 78 1 Cape Cape NNP 31627 78 2 Colony Colony NNP 31627 78 3 194 194 CD 31627 78 4 - - SYM 31627 78 5 195 195 CD 31627 78 6 " " `` 31627 78 7 IV IV NNP 31627 78 8 . . . 31627 79 1 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 79 2 Rocks rock NNS 31627 79 3 of of IN 31627 79 4 Past Past NNP 31627 79 5 Geological Geological NNP 31627 79 6 Periods Periods NNPS 31627 79 7 of of IN 31627 79 8 the the DT 31627 79 9 British british JJ 31627 79 10 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 79 11 196 196 CD 31627 79 12 - - SYM 31627 79 13 199 199 CD 31627 79 14 PART PART NNP 31627 79 15 VI VI NNP 31627 79 16 . . . 31627 80 1 _ _ NNP 31627 80 2 SPECIAL SPECIAL NNP 31627 80 3 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 80 4 AND and CC 31627 80 5 SEISMIC SEISMIC NNP 31627 80 6 PHENOMENA PHENOMENA NNP 31627 80 7 . . . 31627 80 8 _ _ NNP 31627 80 9 Chap Chap NNP 31627 80 10 . . . 31627 81 1 I. I. NNP 31627 82 1 The the DT 31627 82 2 Eruption Eruption NNP 31627 82 3 of of IN 31627 82 4 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 82 5 in in IN 31627 82 6 1883 1883 CD 31627 82 7 201 201 CD 31627 82 8 - - HYPH 31627 82 9 216 216 CD 31627 82 10 " " `` 31627 82 11 II ii CD 31627 82 12 . . . 31627 83 1 Earthquakes Earthquakes NNP 31627 83 2 217 217 CD 31627 83 3 - - SYM 31627 83 4 224 224 CD 31627 83 5 PART PART NNP 31627 83 6 VII vii NN 31627 83 7 . . . 31627 84 1 _ _ NNP 31627 84 2 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 84 3 AND and CC 31627 84 4 SEISMIC SEISMIC NNP 31627 84 5 PROBLEMS PROBLEMS NNP 31627 84 6 . . . 31627 84 7 _ _ NNP 31627 84 8 Chap Chap NNP 31627 84 9 . . . 31627 85 1 I. I. NNP 31627 86 1 The the DT 31627 86 2 Ultimate ultimate JJ 31627 86 3 Cause Cause NNP 31627 86 4 of of IN 31627 86 5 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 86 6 Action Action NNP 31627 86 7 225 225 CD 31627 86 8 - - HYPH 31627 86 9 235 235 CD 31627 86 10 " " '' 31627 86 11 II ii CD 31627 86 12 . . . 31627 87 1 Lunar Lunar NNP 31627 87 2 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNP 31627 87 3 236 236 CD 31627 87 4 - - SYM 31627 87 5 252 252 CD 31627 87 6 " " '' 31627 87 7 III iii CD 31627 87 8 . . . 31627 88 1 Are be VBP 31627 88 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 88 3 Living live VBG 31627 88 4 in in IN 31627 88 5 an an DT 31627 88 6 Epoch Epoch NNP 31627 88 7 of of IN 31627 88 8 Special special JJ 31627 88 9 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 88 10 Activity Activity NNP 31627 88 11 ? ? . 31627 89 1 253 253 CD 31627 89 2 - - SYM 31627 89 3 257 257 CD 31627 89 4 APPENDIX APPENDIX NNP 31627 89 5 . . . 31627 90 1 A a DT 31627 90 2 Brief brief JJ 31627 90 3 Account Account NNP 31627 90 4 of of IN 31627 90 5 the the DT 31627 90 6 Principal Principal NNP 31627 90 7 Varieties Varieties NNPS 31627 90 8 of of IN 31627 90 9 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 90 10 Rocks Rocks NNP 31627 90 11 259 259 CD 31627 90 12 - - HYPH 31627 90 13 265 265 CD 31627 90 14 Index Index NNP 31627 90 15 268 268 CD 31627 90 16 ILLUSTRATIONS illustrations NN 31627 90 17 . . . 31627 91 1 Fig fig NN 31627 91 2 . . . 31627 92 1 1 1 LS 31627 92 2 . . . 31627 93 1 Eruption Eruption NNP 31627 93 2 of of IN 31627 93 3 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 93 4 , , , 31627 93 5 1872 1872 CD 31627 93 6 - - SYM 31627 93 7 73 73 CD 31627 93 8 _ _ NNP 31627 93 9 Frontispiece Frontispiece NNP 31627 93 10 _ _ NNP 31627 93 11 " " '' 31627 93 12 2 2 CD 31627 93 13 . . . 31627 94 1 Cotopaxi Cotopaxi NNP 31627 94 2 _ _ NNP 31627 94 3 Page Page NNP 31627 94 4 _ _ NNP 31627 94 5 16 16 CD 31627 94 6 " " CD 31627 94 7 3 3 CD 31627 94 8 . . . 31627 95 1 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 95 2 Cone Cone NNP 31627 95 3 of of IN 31627 95 4 Orizaba Orizaba NNP 31627 95 5 " " '' 31627 95 6 21 21 CD 31627 95 7 Map Map NNP 31627 95 8 of of IN 31627 95 9 the the DT 31627 95 10 World World NNP 31627 95 11 , , , 31627 95 12 showing show VBG 31627 95 13 Active Active NNP 31627 95 14 and and CC 31627 95 15 Extinct Extinct NNP 31627 95 16 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 95 17 " " '' 31627 95 18 23 23 CD 31627 95 19 " " CD 31627 95 20 4 4 CD 31627 95 21 . . . 31627 96 1 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 31627 96 2 , , , 31627 96 3 seen see VBN 31627 96 4 from from IN 31627 96 5 the the DT 31627 96 6 Ocean Ocean NNP 31627 96 7 " " `` 31627 96 8 31 31 CD 31627 96 9 " " '' 31627 96 10 5 5 CD 31627 96 11 . . . 31627 97 1 View View NNP 31627 97 2 of of IN 31627 97 3 the the DT 31627 97 4 Summit Summit NNP 31627 97 5 of of IN 31627 97 6 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 31627 97 7 " " `` 31627 97 8 35 35 CD 31627 97 9 " " CD 31627 97 10 6 6 CD 31627 97 11 . . . 31627 98 1 Probable probable JJ 31627 98 2 Aspect aspect NN 31627 98 3 of of IN 31627 98 4 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 98 5 at at IN 31627 98 6 Beginning begin VBG 31627 98 7 of of IN 31627 98 8 Christian Christian NNP 31627 98 9 Era Era NNP 31627 98 10 " " '' 31627 98 11 43 43 CD 31627 98 12 " " CD 31627 98 13 7 7 CD 31627 98 14 . . . 31627 99 1 View View NNP 31627 99 2 of of IN 31627 99 3 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 99 4 before before IN 31627 99 5 1767 1767 CD 31627 99 6 " " `` 31627 99 7 50 50 CD 31627 99 8 " " `` 31627 99 9 8 8 CD 31627 99 10 . . . 31627 100 1 Map Map NNP 31627 100 2 of of IN 31627 100 3 District District NNP 31627 100 4 bordering border VBG 31627 100 5 Bay Bay NNP 31627 100 6 of of IN 31627 100 7 Naples Naples NNP 31627 100 8 " " `` 31627 100 9 52 52 CD 31627 100 10 " " CD 31627 100 11 9 9 CD 31627 100 12 . . . 31627 101 1 View View NNP 31627 101 2 of of IN 31627 101 3 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 101 4 in in IN 31627 101 5 1872 1872 CD 31627 101 6 " " `` 31627 101 7 53 53 CD 31627 101 8 " " CD 31627 101 9 10 10 CD 31627 101 10 . . . 31627 102 1 Ideal Ideal NNP 31627 102 2 Section Section NNP 31627 102 3 through through IN 31627 102 4 Etna Etna NNP 31627 102 5 " " `` 31627 102 6 63 63 CD 31627 102 7 " " CD 31627 102 8 11 11 CD 31627 102 9 . . . 31627 103 1 Map Map NNP 31627 103 2 of of IN 31627 103 3 the the DT 31627 103 4 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 103 5 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 103 6 " " `` 31627 103 7 70 70 CD 31627 103 8 " " CD 31627 103 9 12 12 CD 31627 103 10 . . . 31627 104 1 The the DT 31627 104 2 Island Island NNP 31627 104 3 of of IN 31627 104 4 Vulcano Vulcano NNP 31627 104 5 in in IN 31627 104 6 Eruption Eruption NNP 31627 104 7 " " `` 31627 104 8 71 71 CD 31627 104 9 " " '' 31627 104 10 13 13 CD 31627 104 11 . . . 31627 105 1 Ideal Ideal NNP 31627 105 2 Section Section NNP 31627 105 3 through through IN 31627 105 4 Gulf Gulf NNP 31627 105 5 of of IN 31627 105 6 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 105 7 " " '' 31627 105 8 76 76 CD 31627 105 9 " " '' 31627 105 10 14 14 CD 31627 105 11 . . . 31627 106 1 Bird's bird's XX 31627 106 2 - - HYPH 31627 106 3 eye eye NN 31627 106 4 View View NNP 31627 106 5 of of IN 31627 106 6 Gulf Gulf NNP 31627 106 7 of of IN 31627 106 8 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 106 9 " " '' 31627 106 10 79 79 CD 31627 106 11 " " '' 31627 106 12 15 15 CD 31627 106 13 . . . 31627 107 1 Ground Ground NNP 31627 107 2 Plan Plan NNP 31627 107 3 of of IN 31627 107 4 Rocca Rocca NNP 31627 107 5 Monfina Monfina NNP 31627 107 6 " " `` 31627 107 7 80 80 CD 31627 107 8 " " '' 31627 107 9 16 16 CD 31627 107 10 . . . 31627 108 1 Geological Geological NNP 31627 108 2 Section Section NNP 31627 108 3 of of IN 31627 108 4 Tiber Tiber NNP 31627 108 5 Valley Valley NNP 31627 108 6 at at IN 31627 108 7 Rome Rome NNP 31627 108 8 " " `` 31627 108 9 88 88 CD 31627 108 10 " " '' 31627 108 11 17 17 CD 31627 108 12 . . . 31627 109 1 Generalised Generalised NNP 31627 109 2 Section Section NNP 31627 109 3 Through through IN 31627 109 4 the the DT 31627 109 5 Vale vale NN 31627 109 6 of of IN 31627 109 7 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 109 8 " " '' 31627 109 9 93 93 CD 31627 109 10 Fig fig NN 31627 109 11 . . . 31627 110 1 18 18 CD 31627 110 2 . . . 31627 111 1 View View NNP 31627 111 2 of of IN 31627 111 3 Puy Puy NNP 31627 111 4 de de FW 31627 111 5 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 111 6 and and CC 31627 111 7 Neighbouring Neighbouring NNP 31627 111 8 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 111 9 _ _ NNP 31627 111 10 Page Page NNP 31627 111 11 _ _ NNP 31627 111 12 95 95 CD 31627 111 13 " " CD 31627 111 14 19 19 CD 31627 111 15 . . . 31627 112 1 Mont Mont NNP 31627 112 2 Demise Demise NNP 31627 112 3 , , , 31627 112 4 seen see VBN 31627 112 5 from from IN 31627 112 6 the the DT 31627 112 7 S.E. S.E. NNP 31627 112 8 " " '' 31627 113 1 103 103 CD 31627 113 2 " " `` 31627 113 3 20 20 CD 31627 113 4 . . . 31627 114 1 Sketch Sketch NNP 31627 114 2 Map Map NNP 31627 114 3 of of IN 31627 114 4 Rhenish Rhenish NNP 31627 114 5 Area Area NNP 31627 114 6 in in IN 31627 114 7 the the DT 31627 114 8 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 114 9 Epoch Epoch NNP 31627 114 10 " " `` 31627 114 11 114 114 CD 31627 114 12 " " '' 31627 114 13 21 21 CD 31627 114 14 . . . 31627 115 1 The the DT 31627 115 2 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 115 3 Range Range NNP 31627 115 4 of of IN 31627 115 5 the the DT 31627 115 6 Siebengebirge Siebengebirge NNP 31627 115 7 " " `` 31627 115 8 117 117 CD 31627 115 9 " " CD 31627 115 10 22 22 CD 31627 115 11 . . . 31627 116 1 Section section NN 31627 116 2 of of IN 31627 116 3 Extinct Extinct NNP 31627 116 4 Crater Crater NNP 31627 116 5 of of IN 31627 116 6 the the DT 31627 116 7 Roderberg Roderberg NNP 31627 116 8 " " `` 31627 116 9 120 120 CD 31627 116 10 " " CD 31627 116 11 23 23 CD 31627 116 12 . . . 31627 117 1 Plan plan NN 31627 117 2 and and CC 31627 117 3 Section Section NNP 31627 117 4 of of IN 31627 117 5 the the DT 31627 117 6 Laacher Laacher NNP 31627 117 7 See See NNP 31627 117 8 " " `` 31627 117 9 122 122 CD 31627 117 10 " " CD 31627 117 11 24 24 CD 31627 117 12 . . . 31627 118 1 Extinct Extinct NNP 31627 118 2 Craters crater NNS 31627 118 3 in in IN 31627 118 4 the the DT 31627 118 5 Jaulân Jaulân NNP 31627 118 6 " " `` 31627 118 7 130 130 CD 31627 118 8 " " '' 31627 118 9 25 25 CD 31627 118 10 . . . 31627 119 1 Mount Mount NNP 31627 119 2 Shasta Shasta NNP 31627 119 3 " " `` 31627 119 4 139 139 CD 31627 119 5 " " CD 31627 119 6 26 26 CD 31627 119 7 . . . 31627 120 1 Forms form NNS 31627 120 2 of of IN 31627 120 3 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 120 4 Tuff Tuff NNP 31627 120 5 - - HYPH 31627 120 6 Cones Cones NNPS 31627 120 7 , , , 31627 120 8 Auckland Auckland NNP 31627 120 9 " " `` 31627 120 10 148 148 CD 31627 120 11 " " '' 31627 120 12 27 27 CD 31627 120 13 . . . 31627 121 1 " " `` 31627 121 2 The the DT 31627 121 3 White White NNP 31627 121 4 Rocks Rocks NNPS 31627 121 5 , , , 31627 121 6 " " '' 31627 121 7 Portrush Portrush NNP 31627 121 8 , , , 31627 121 9 Co. Co. NNP 31627 121 10 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 121 11 " " `` 31627 121 12 157 157 CD 31627 121 13 " " '' 31627 121 14 28 28 CD 31627 121 15 . . . 31627 122 1 Section section NN 31627 122 2 across across IN 31627 122 3 the the DT 31627 122 4 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 122 5 Plateau Plateau NNP 31627 122 6 of of IN 31627 122 7 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 122 8 " " `` 31627 122 9 159 159 CD 31627 122 10 " " CD 31627 122 11 29 29 CD 31627 122 12 . . . 31627 123 1 Section section NN 31627 123 2 at at IN 31627 123 3 Templepatrick Templepatrick NNP 31627 123 4 " " `` 31627 123 5 161 161 CD 31627 123 6 " " CD 31627 123 7 30 30 CD 31627 123 8 . . . 31627 124 1 Cliff cliff NN 31627 124 2 above above IN 31627 124 3 the the DT 31627 124 4 Giant Giant NNP 31627 124 5 's 's POS 31627 124 6 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 124 7 " " `` 31627 124 8 163 163 CD 31627 124 9 " " CD 31627 124 10 31 31 CD 31627 124 11 . . . 31627 125 1 The the DT 31627 125 2 Giant Giant NNP 31627 125 3 's 's POS 31627 125 4 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 125 5 , , , 31627 125 6 Co. Co. NNP 31627 125 7 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 125 8 " " `` 31627 125 9 165 165 CD 31627 125 10 " " CD 31627 125 11 32 32 CD 31627 125 12 . . . 31627 126 1 " " `` 31627 126 2 The the DT 31627 126 3 Chimneys Chimneys NNPS 31627 126 4 , , , 31627 126 5 " " '' 31627 126 6 North North NNP 31627 126 7 Coast Coast NNP 31627 126 8 of of IN 31627 126 9 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 126 10 " " '' 31627 126 11 166 166 CD 31627 126 12 " " CD 31627 126 13 33 33 CD 31627 126 14 . . . 31627 127 1 Section section NN 31627 127 2 at at IN 31627 127 3 Alt Alt NNP 31627 127 4 na na NNP 31627 127 5 Searmoin Searmoin NNP 31627 127 6 , , , 31627 127 7 Mull Mull NNP 31627 127 8 " " `` 31627 127 9 175 175 CD 31627 127 10 " " CD 31627 127 11 34 34 CD 31627 127 12 . . . 31627 128 1 View View NNP 31627 128 2 of of IN 31627 128 3 the the DT 31627 128 4 Scuir Scuir NNP 31627 128 5 of of IN 31627 128 6 Eigg Eigg NNP 31627 128 7 from from IN 31627 128 8 the the DT 31627 128 9 East East NNP 31627 128 10 " " '' 31627 128 11 181 181 CD 31627 128 12 Map Map NNP 31627 128 13 of of IN 31627 128 14 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 128 15 Band Band NNP 31627 128 16 of of IN 31627 128 17 the the DT 31627 128 18 Moluccas Moluccas NNP 31627 128 19 " " `` 31627 128 20 200 200 CD 31627 128 21 " " '' 31627 128 22 35 35 CD 31627 128 23 . . . 31627 129 1 Map Map NNP 31627 129 2 of of IN 31627 129 3 the the DT 31627 129 4 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 129 5 Group Group NNP 31627 129 6 of of IN 31627 129 7 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 129 8 " " `` 31627 129 9 203 203 CD 31627 129 10 " " CD 31627 129 11 36 36 CD 31627 129 12 . . . 31627 130 1 Section section NN 31627 130 2 from from IN 31627 130 3 Verlaten Verlaten NNP 31627 130 4 Island Island NNP 31627 130 5 through through IN 31627 130 6 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 130 7 " " '' 31627 130 8 204 204 CD 31627 130 9 Fig fig NN 31627 130 10 . . . 31627 131 1 37 37 CD 31627 131 2 . . . 31627 132 1 Isoseismals isoseismal NNS 31627 132 2 of of IN 31627 132 3 the the DT 31627 132 4 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 132 5 Earthquake Earthquake NNP 31627 132 6 _ _ NNP 31627 132 7 Page Page NNP 31627 132 8 _ _ NNP 31627 132 9 223 223 CD 31627 132 10 " " CD 31627 132 11 38 38 CD 31627 132 12 . . . 31627 133 1 Photograph Photograph NNP 31627 133 2 of of IN 31627 133 3 the the DT 31627 133 4 Moon Moon NNP 31627 133 5 's 's POS 31627 133 6 Surface Surface NNP 31627 133 7 " " `` 31627 133 8 241 241 CD 31627 133 9 " " '' 31627 133 10 39 39 CD 31627 133 11 . . . 31627 134 1 Portion portion NN 31627 134 2 of of IN 31627 134 3 the the DT 31627 134 4 Moon Moon NNP 31627 134 5 's 's POS 31627 134 6 Surface Surface NNP 31627 134 7 " " '' 31627 134 8 243 243 CD 31627 134 9 _ _ NNP 31627 134 10 PLATES plate NNS 31627 134 11 . . . 31627 134 12 _ _ NNP 31627 134 13 I. I. NNP 31627 135 1 & & CC 31627 135 2 II II NNP 31627 135 3 . . . 31627 136 1 Magnified Magnified NNP 31627 136 2 Sections Sections NNPS 31627 136 3 of of IN 31627 136 4 Vesuvian Vesuvian NNP 31627 136 5 Lavas Lavas NNP 31627 136 6 . . . 31627 137 1 III iii CD 31627 137 2 . . . 31627 138 1 & & CC 31627 138 2 IV IV NNP 31627 138 3 . . . 31627 139 1 Magnified Magnified NNP 31627 139 2 Sections Sections NNPS 31627 139 3 of of IN 31627 139 4 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 139 5 Rocks rock NNS 31627 139 6 . . . 31627 140 1 Volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 140 2 : : : 31627 140 3 Past past NN 31627 140 4 and and CC 31627 140 5 Present Present NNP 31627 140 6 . . . 31627 141 1 PART PART NNP 31627 141 2 I. I. NNP 31627 142 1 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION NNP 31627 142 2 . . . 31627 143 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 143 2 I. I. NNP 31627 144 1 HISTORIC historic JJ 31627 144 2 NOTICES notices NN 31627 144 3 OF of IN 31627 144 4 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 144 5 ACTION ACTION NNP 31627 144 6 . . . 31627 145 1 There there EX 31627 145 2 are be VBP 31627 145 3 no no DT 31627 145 4 manifestations manifestation NNS 31627 145 5 of of IN 31627 145 6 the the DT 31627 145 7 forces force NNS 31627 145 8 of of IN 31627 145 9 Nature nature NN 31627 145 10 more more RBR 31627 145 11 calculated calculated JJ 31627 145 12 to to TO 31627 145 13 inspire inspire VB 31627 145 14 us -PRON- PRP 31627 145 15 with with IN 31627 145 16 feelings feeling NNS 31627 145 17 of of IN 31627 145 18 awe awe NN 31627 145 19 and and CC 31627 145 20 admiration admiration NN 31627 145 21 than than IN 31627 145 22 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 145 23 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 145 24 preceded precede VBN 31627 145 25 or or CC 31627 145 26 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 145 27 , , , 31627 145 28 as as IN 31627 145 29 they -PRON- PRP 31627 145 30 generally generally RB 31627 145 31 are be VBP 31627 145 32 , , , 31627 145 33 by by IN 31627 145 34 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 145 35 shocks shock NNS 31627 145 36 . . . 31627 146 1 Few few JJ 31627 146 2 agents agent NNS 31627 146 3 have have VBP 31627 146 4 been be VBN 31627 146 5 so so RB 31627 146 6 destructive destructive JJ 31627 146 7 in in IN 31627 146 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 146 9 effects effect NNS 31627 146 10 ; ; : 31627 146 11 and and CC 31627 146 12 to to IN 31627 146 13 the the DT 31627 146 14 real real JJ 31627 146 15 dangers danger NNS 31627 146 16 which which WDT 31627 146 17 follow follow VBP 31627 146 18 such such JJ 31627 146 19 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 146 20 convulsions convulsion NNS 31627 146 21 are be VBP 31627 146 22 to to TO 31627 146 23 be be VB 31627 146 24 added add VBN 31627 146 25 the the DT 31627 146 26 feelings feeling NNS 31627 146 27 of of IN 31627 146 28 uncertainty uncertainty NN 31627 146 29 and and CC 31627 146 30 revulsion revulsion NN 31627 146 31 which which WDT 31627 146 32 arise arise VBP 31627 146 33 from from IN 31627 146 34 the the DT 31627 146 35 fact fact NN 31627 146 36 that that IN 31627 146 37 the the DT 31627 146 38 earth earth NN 31627 146 39 upon upon IN 31627 146 40 which which WDT 31627 146 41 we -PRON- PRP 31627 146 42 tread tread VBP 31627 146 43 , , , 31627 146 44 and and CC 31627 146 45 which which WDT 31627 146 46 we -PRON- PRP 31627 146 47 have have VBP 31627 146 48 been be VBN 31627 146 49 accustomed accustom VBN 31627 146 50 to to TO 31627 146 51 regard regard VB 31627 146 52 as as IN 31627 146 53 the the DT 31627 146 54 emblem emblem NN 31627 146 55 of of IN 31627 146 56 stability stability NN 31627 146 57 , , , 31627 146 58 may may MD 31627 146 59 become become VB 31627 146 60 at at IN 31627 146 61 any any DT 31627 146 62 moment moment NN 31627 146 63 the the DT 31627 146 64 agent agent NN 31627 146 65 of of IN 31627 146 66 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 146 67 destruction destruction NN 31627 146 68 . . . 31627 147 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 147 2 is be VBZ 31627 147 3 , , , 31627 147 4 therefore therefore RB 31627 147 5 , , , 31627 147 6 not not RB 31627 147 7 surprising surprising JJ 31627 147 8 that that IN 31627 147 9 the the DT 31627 147 10 ancient ancient JJ 31627 147 11 Greeks Greeks NNPS 31627 147 12 , , , 31627 147 13 who who WP 31627 147 14 , , , 31627 147 15 as as RB 31627 147 16 well well RB 31627 147 17 as as IN 31627 147 18 the the DT 31627 147 19 Romans Romans NNPS 31627 147 20 , , , 31627 147 21 were be VBD 31627 147 22 close close JJ 31627 147 23 observers observer NNS 31627 147 24 of of IN 31627 147 25 the the DT 31627 147 26 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 147 27 of of IN 31627 147 28 Nature Nature NNP 31627 147 29 , , , 31627 147 30 should should MD 31627 147 31 have have VB 31627 147 32 investigated investigate VBN 31627 147 33 the the DT 31627 147 34 causes cause NNS 31627 147 35 of of IN 31627 147 36 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 147 37 disturbances disturbance NNS 31627 147 38 , , , 31627 147 39 and and CC 31627 147 40 should should MD 31627 147 41 have have VB 31627 147 42 come come VBN 31627 147 43 to to IN 31627 147 44 some some DT 31627 147 45 conclusions conclusion NNS 31627 147 46 upon upon IN 31627 147 47 them -PRON- PRP 31627 147 48 in in IN 31627 147 49 accordance accordance NN 31627 147 50 with with IN 31627 147 51 the the DT 31627 147 52 light light NN 31627 147 53 they -PRON- PRP 31627 147 54 possessed possess VBD 31627 147 55 . . . 31627 148 1 These these DT 31627 148 2 terrible terrible JJ 31627 148 3 forces force NNS 31627 148 4 presented present VBN 31627 148 5 to to IN 31627 148 6 the the DT 31627 148 7 Greeks Greeks NNPS 31627 148 8 , , , 31627 148 9 who who WP 31627 148 10 clothed clothe VBD 31627 148 11 all all PDT 31627 148 12 the the DT 31627 148 13 operations operation NNS 31627 148 14 of of IN 31627 148 15 Nature Nature NNP 31627 148 16 in in IN 31627 148 17 poetic poetic JJ 31627 148 18 imagery imagery NN 31627 148 19 and and CC 31627 148 20 deified deify VBD 31627 148 21 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 148 22 forces force NNS 31627 148 23 , , , 31627 148 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 148 25 poetical poetical JJ 31627 148 26 and and CC 31627 148 27 mystical mystical JJ 31627 148 28 side side NN 31627 148 29 ; ; : 31627 148 30 and and CC 31627 148 31 as as IN 31627 148 32 there there EX 31627 148 33 was be VBD 31627 148 34 a a DT 31627 148 35 deity deity NN 31627 148 36 for for IN 31627 148 37 every every DT 31627 148 38 natural natural JJ 31627 148 39 force force NN 31627 148 40 , , , 31627 148 41 so so CC 31627 148 42 there there EX 31627 148 43 was be VBD 31627 148 44 one one CD 31627 148 45 for for IN 31627 148 46 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 148 47 and and CC 31627 148 48 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 148 49 . . . 31627 149 1 Vulcan Vulcan NNP 31627 149 2 , , , 31627 149 3 the the DT 31627 149 4 deformed deform VBN 31627 149 5 son son NN 31627 149 6 of of IN 31627 149 7 Juno Juno NNP 31627 149 8 ( ( -LRB- 31627 149 9 whose whose WP$ 31627 149 10 name name NN 31627 149 11 bears bear VBZ 31627 149 12 so so RB 31627 149 13 strange strange JJ 31627 149 14 a a DT 31627 149 15 resemblance resemblance NN 31627 149 16 to to IN 31627 149 17 that that DT 31627 149 18 of of IN 31627 149 19 " " `` 31627 149 20 the the DT 31627 149 21 first first JJ 31627 149 22 artificer artificer NN 31627 149 23 in in IN 31627 149 24 iron iron NN 31627 149 25 " " '' 31627 149 26 of of IN 31627 149 27 the the DT 31627 149 28 Bible Bible NNP 31627 149 29 , , , 31627 149 30 Tubal Tubal NNP 31627 149 31 Cain Cain NNP 31627 149 32 ) ) -RRB- 31627 149 33 , , , 31627 149 34 is be VBZ 31627 149 35 condemned condemn VBN 31627 149 36 to to TO 31627 149 37 pass pass VB 31627 149 38 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 149 39 days day NNS 31627 149 40 under under IN 31627 149 41 Mount Mount NNP 31627 149 42 Etna Etna NNP 31627 149 43 , , , 31627 149 44 fabricating fabricate VBG 31627 149 45 the the DT 31627 149 46 thunderbolts thunderbolt NNS 31627 149 47 of of IN 31627 149 48 Jove Jove NNP 31627 149 49 , , , 31627 149 50 and and CC 31627 149 51 arms arm NNS 31627 149 52 for for IN 31627 149 53 the the DT 31627 149 54 gods god NNS 31627 149 55 and and CC 31627 149 56 great great JJ 31627 149 57 heroes hero NNS 31627 149 58 of of IN 31627 149 59 antiquity antiquity NN 31627 149 60 . . . 31627 150 1 The the DT 31627 150 2 Pythagoreans Pythagoreans NNPS 31627 150 3 appear appear VBP 31627 150 4 to to TO 31627 150 5 have have VB 31627 150 6 held hold VBN 31627 150 7 the the DT 31627 150 8 doctrine doctrine NN 31627 150 9 of of IN 31627 150 10 a a DT 31627 150 11 central central JJ 31627 150 12 fire fire NN 31627 150 13 ( ( -LRB- 31627 150 14 meson meson NNP 31627 150 15 pyr pyr NNP 31627 150 16 ) ) -RRB- 31627 150 17 as as IN 31627 150 18 the the DT 31627 150 19 source source NN 31627 150 20 of of IN 31627 150 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 150 22 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 150 23 ; ; : 31627 150 24 and and CC 31627 150 25 in in IN 31627 150 26 the the DT 31627 150 27 Dialogues dialogue NNS 31627 150 28 of of IN 31627 150 29 Plato Plato NNP 31627 150 30 allusion allusion NN 31627 150 31 is be VBZ 31627 150 32 made make VBN 31627 150 33 to to IN 31627 150 34 a a DT 31627 150 35 subterranean subterranean JJ 31627 150 36 reservoir reservoir NN 31627 150 37 of of IN 31627 150 38 lava lava NN 31627 150 39 , , , 31627 150 40 which which WDT 31627 150 41 , , , 31627 150 42 according accord VBG 31627 150 43 to to IN 31627 150 44 Simplicius Simplicius NNP 31627 150 45 , , , 31627 150 46 was be VBD 31627 150 47 in in IN 31627 150 48 accordance accordance NN 31627 150 49 with with IN 31627 150 50 the the DT 31627 150 51 doctrine doctrine NN 31627 150 52 of of IN 31627 150 53 the the DT 31627 150 54 Pythagoreans Pythagoreans NNPS 31627 150 55 which which WDT 31627 150 56 Plato Plato NNP 31627 150 57 was be VBD 31627 150 58 recounting recount VBG 31627 150 59 . . . 31627 151 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 151 2 1 1 LS 31627 151 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 151 4 Thucydides thucydide NNS 31627 151 5 clearly clearly RB 31627 151 6 describes describe VBZ 31627 151 7 the the DT 31627 151 8 effect effect NN 31627 151 9 of of IN 31627 151 10 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 151 11 upon upon IN 31627 151 12 coast coast NN 31627 151 13 - - HYPH 31627 151 14 lines line NNS 31627 151 15 of of IN 31627 151 16 the the DT 31627 151 17 Grecian Grecian NNP 31627 151 18 Archipelago Archipelago NNP 31627 151 19 , , , 31627 151 20 similar similar JJ 31627 151 21 to to IN 31627 151 22 that that DT 31627 151 23 which which WDT 31627 151 24 took take VBD 31627 151 25 place place NN 31627 151 26 in in IN 31627 151 27 the the DT 31627 151 28 case case NN 31627 151 29 of of IN 31627 151 30 the the DT 31627 151 31 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 151 32 of of IN 31627 151 33 Lisbon Lisbon NNP 31627 151 34 , , , 31627 151 35 the the DT 31627 151 36 sea sea NN 31627 151 37 first first RB 31627 151 38 retiring retire VBG 31627 151 39 and and CC 31627 151 40 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 151 41 inundating inundate VBG 31627 151 42 the the DT 31627 151 43 shore shore NN 31627 151 44 . . . 31627 152 1 Pliny Pliny NNP 31627 152 2 supposed suppose VBD 31627 152 3 that that IN 31627 152 4 it -PRON- PRP 31627 152 5 was be VBD 31627 152 6 by by IN 31627 152 7 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 152 8 avulsion avulsion NN 31627 152 9 that that IN 31627 152 10 islands island NNS 31627 152 11 were be VBD 31627 152 12 naturally naturally RB 31627 152 13 formed form VBN 31627 152 14 . . . 31627 153 1 Thus thus RB 31627 153 2 Sicily Sicily NNP 31627 153 3 was be VBD 31627 153 4 torn tear VBN 31627 153 5 from from IN 31627 153 6 Italy Italy NNP 31627 153 7 , , , 31627 153 8 Cyprus Cyprus NNP 31627 153 9 from from IN 31627 153 10 Syria Syria NNP 31627 153 11 , , , 31627 153 12 Euboea Euboea NNP 31627 153 13 from from IN 31627 153 14 Boeotia Boeotia NNP 31627 153 15 , , , 31627 153 16 and and CC 31627 153 17 the the DT 31627 153 18 rest rest NN 31627 153 19 ; ; : 31627 153 20 but but CC 31627 153 21 this this DT 31627 153 22 view view NN 31627 153 23 was be VBD 31627 153 24 previously previously RB 31627 153 25 enunciated enunciate VBN 31627 153 26 by by IN 31627 153 27 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 31627 153 28 in in IN 31627 153 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 153 30 " " `` 31627 153 31 Peri Peri NNP 31627 153 32 kosmou kosmou NN 31627 153 33 , , , 31627 153 34 " " '' 31627 153 35 where where WRB 31627 153 36 he -PRON- PRP 31627 153 37 states state VBZ 31627 153 38 that that IN 31627 153 39 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 153 40 have have VBP 31627 153 41 torn tear VBN 31627 153 42 to to IN 31627 153 43 pieces piece NNS 31627 153 44 many many JJ 31627 153 45 parts part NNS 31627 153 46 of of IN 31627 153 47 the the DT 31627 153 48 earth earth NN 31627 153 49 , , , 31627 153 50 while while IN 31627 153 51 lands land NNS 31627 153 52 have have VBP 31627 153 53 been be VBN 31627 153 54 converted convert VBN 31627 153 55 into into IN 31627 153 56 sea sea NN 31627 153 57 , , , 31627 153 58 and and CC 31627 153 59 that that IN 31627 153 60 tracts tract NNS 31627 153 61 once once RB 31627 153 62 covered cover VBN 31627 153 63 by by IN 31627 153 64 the the DT 31627 153 65 sea sea NN 31627 153 66 have have VBP 31627 153 67 been be VBN 31627 153 68 converted convert VBN 31627 153 69 into into IN 31627 153 70 dry dry JJ 31627 153 71 land land NN 31627 153 72 . . . 31627 154 1 But but CC 31627 154 2 the the DT 31627 154 3 most most RBS 31627 154 4 philosophical philosophical JJ 31627 154 5 views view NNS 31627 154 6 regarding regard VBG 31627 154 7 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 154 8 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 154 9 are be VBP 31627 154 10 those those DT 31627 154 11 given give VBN 31627 154 12 by by IN 31627 154 13 Ovid Ovid NNP 31627 154 14 as as IN 31627 154 15 having have VBG 31627 154 16 been be VBN 31627 154 17 held hold VBN 31627 154 18 by by IN 31627 154 19 Pythagoras Pythagoras NNP 31627 154 20 ( ( -LRB- 31627 154 21 about about IN 31627 154 22 B.C. B.C. NNP 31627 155 1 580 580 CD 31627 155 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 155 3 . . . 31627 156 1 In in IN 31627 156 2 the the DT 31627 156 3 _ _ NNP 31627 156 4 Metamorphoses Metamorphoses NNPS 31627 156 5 _ _ NNP 31627 156 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 156 7 views view NNS 31627 156 8 regarding regard VBG 31627 156 9 the the DT 31627 156 10 interchange interchange NN 31627 156 11 of of IN 31627 156 12 land land NN 31627 156 13 and and CC 31627 156 14 sea sea NN 31627 156 15 , , , 31627 156 16 the the DT 31627 156 17 effects effect NNS 31627 156 18 of of IN 31627 156 19 running running NN 31627 156 20 water water NN 31627 156 21 in in IN 31627 156 22 eroding erode VBG 31627 156 23 valleys valley NNS 31627 156 24 , , , 31627 156 25 the the DT 31627 156 26 growth growth NN 31627 156 27 of of IN 31627 156 28 deltas delta NNS 31627 156 29 , , , 31627 156 30 the the DT 31627 156 31 effect effect NN 31627 156 32 of of IN 31627 156 33 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 156 34 in in IN 31627 156 35 burying bury VBG 31627 156 36 cities city NNS 31627 156 37 and and CC 31627 156 38 diverting divert VBG 31627 156 39 streams stream NNS 31627 156 40 from from IN 31627 156 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 156 42 sources source NNS 31627 156 43 , , , 31627 156 44 are be VBP 31627 156 45 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 156 46 anticipations anticipation NNS 31627 156 47 of of IN 31627 156 48 doctrines doctrine NNS 31627 156 49 now now RB 31627 156 50 generally generally RB 31627 156 51 held hold VBN 31627 156 52 . . . 31627 157 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 157 2 2 2 CD 31627 157 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 157 4 But but CC 31627 157 5 what what WP 31627 157 6 most most JJS 31627 157 7 concerns concern VBZ 31627 157 8 us -PRON- PRP 31627 157 9 at at IN 31627 157 10 present present JJ 31627 157 11 are be VBP 31627 157 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 157 13 views view NNS 31627 157 14 regarding regard VBG 31627 157 15 the the DT 31627 157 16 changes change NNS 31627 157 17 which which WDT 31627 157 18 have have VBP 31627 157 19 come come VBN 31627 157 20 over over IN 31627 157 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 157 22 mountains mountain NNS 31627 157 23 . . . 31627 158 1 In in IN 31627 158 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 158 3 day day NN 31627 158 4 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 158 5 was be VBD 31627 158 6 dormant dormant JJ 31627 158 7 , , , 31627 158 8 but but CC 31627 158 9 Etna Etna NNP 31627 158 10 was be VBD 31627 158 11 active active JJ 31627 158 12 ; ; : 31627 158 13 so so CC 31627 158 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 158 15 illustrations illustration NNS 31627 158 16 are be VBP 31627 158 17 drawn draw VBN 31627 158 18 from from IN 31627 158 19 the the DT 31627 158 20 latter latter JJ 31627 158 21 mountain mountain NN 31627 158 22 ; ; : 31627 158 23 and and CC 31627 158 24 in in IN 31627 158 25 this this DT 31627 158 26 connection connection NN 31627 158 27 he -PRON- PRP 31627 158 28 observes observe VBZ 31627 158 29 that that IN 31627 158 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 158 31 vents vent NNS 31627 158 32 shift shift VBP 31627 158 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 158 34 position position NN 31627 158 35 . . . 31627 159 1 There there EX 31627 159 2 was be VBD 31627 159 3 a a DT 31627 159 4 time time NN 31627 159 5 , , , 31627 159 6 he -PRON- PRP 31627 159 7 says say VBZ 31627 159 8 , , , 31627 159 9 when when WRB 31627 159 10 Etna Etna NNP 31627 159 11 was be VBD 31627 159 12 not not RB 31627 159 13 a a DT 31627 159 14 burning burn VBG 31627 159 15 mountain mountain NN 31627 159 16 , , , 31627 159 17 and and CC 31627 159 18 the the DT 31627 159 19 time time NN 31627 159 20 will will MD 31627 159 21 come come VB 31627 159 22 when when WRB 31627 159 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 159 24 will will MD 31627 159 25 cease cease VB 31627 159 26 to to TO 31627 159 27 burn burn VB 31627 159 28 ; ; : 31627 159 29 whether whether IN 31627 159 30 it -PRON- PRP 31627 159 31 be be VBP 31627 159 32 that that IN 31627 159 33 some some DT 31627 159 34 caverns cavern NNS 31627 159 35 become become VBP 31627 159 36 closed closed JJ 31627 159 37 up up RP 31627 159 38 by by IN 31627 159 39 the the DT 31627 159 40 movements movement NNS 31627 159 41 of of IN 31627 159 42 the the DT 31627 159 43 earth earth NN 31627 159 44 , , , 31627 159 45 or or CC 31627 159 46 others other NNS 31627 159 47 opened open VBD 31627 159 48 , , , 31627 159 49 or or CC 31627 159 50 whether whether IN 31627 159 51 the the DT 31627 159 52 fuel fuel NN 31627 159 53 is be VBZ 31627 159 54 finally finally RB 31627 159 55 exhausted exhaust VBN 31627 159 56 . . . 31627 160 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 160 2 3 3 LS 31627 160 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 160 4 Strabo Strabo NNP 31627 160 5 may may MD 31627 160 6 be be VB 31627 160 7 regarded regard VBN 31627 160 8 as as IN 31627 160 9 having have VBG 31627 160 10 originated originate VBN 31627 160 11 the the DT 31627 160 12 view view NN 31627 160 13 , , , 31627 160 14 now now RB 31627 160 15 generally generally RB 31627 160 16 held hold VBN 31627 160 17 , , , 31627 160 18 that that IN 31627 160 19 active active JJ 31627 160 20 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 160 21 are be VBP 31627 160 22 safety safety NN 31627 160 23 - - HYPH 31627 160 24 valves valve NNS 31627 160 25 to to IN 31627 160 26 the the DT 31627 160 27 regions region NNS 31627 160 28 in in IN 31627 160 29 which which WDT 31627 160 30 they -PRON- PRP 31627 160 31 are be VBP 31627 160 32 situated situate VBN 31627 160 33 . . . 31627 161 1 Referring refer VBG 31627 161 2 to to IN 31627 161 3 the the DT 31627 161 4 tradition tradition NN 31627 161 5 recorded record VBN 31627 161 6 by by IN 31627 161 7 Pliny Pliny NNP 31627 161 8 , , , 31627 161 9 that that IN 31627 161 10 Sicily Sicily NNP 31627 161 11 was be VBD 31627 161 12 torn tear VBN 31627 161 13 from from IN 31627 161 14 Italy Italy NNP 31627 161 15 by by IN 31627 161 16 an an DT 31627 161 17 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 161 18 , , , 31627 161 19 he -PRON- PRP 31627 161 20 observes observe VBZ 31627 161 21 that that IN 31627 161 22 the the DT 31627 161 23 land land NN 31627 161 24 near near IN 31627 161 25 the the DT 31627 161 26 sea sea NN 31627 161 27 in in IN 31627 161 28 those those DT 31627 161 29 parts part NNS 31627 161 30 was be VBD 31627 161 31 rarely rarely RB 31627 161 32 shaken shake VBN 31627 161 33 by by IN 31627 161 34 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 161 35 , , , 31627 161 36 since since IN 31627 161 37 there there EX 31627 161 38 are be VBP 31627 161 39 now now RB 31627 161 40 orifices orifice NNS 31627 161 41 whereby whereby WRB 31627 161 42 fire fire NN 31627 161 43 and and CC 31627 161 44 ignited ignite VBD 31627 161 45 matters matter NNS 31627 161 46 and and CC 31627 161 47 waters water NNS 31627 161 48 escape escape VBP 31627 161 49 ; ; : 31627 161 50 but but CC 31627 161 51 formerly formerly RB 31627 161 52 , , , 31627 161 53 when when WRB 31627 161 54 the the DT 31627 161 55 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 161 56 of of IN 31627 161 57 Etna Etna NNP 31627 161 58 , , , 31627 161 59 the the DT 31627 161 60 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 161 61 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 161 62 , , , 31627 161 63 Ischia Ischia NNP 31627 161 64 , , , 31627 161 65 and and CC 31627 161 66 others other NNS 31627 161 67 were be VBD 31627 161 68 closed close VBN 31627 161 69 up up RP 31627 161 70 , , , 31627 161 71 the the DT 31627 161 72 imprisoned imprison VBN 31627 161 73 fire fire NN 31627 161 74 and and CC 31627 161 75 wind wind NN 31627 161 76 might may MD 31627 161 77 have have VB 31627 161 78 produced produce VBN 31627 161 79 far far RB 31627 161 80 more more RBR 31627 161 81 violent violent JJ 31627 161 82 movements movement NNS 31627 161 83 . . . 31627 162 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 162 2 4 4 LS 31627 162 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 162 4 The the DT 31627 162 5 account account NN 31627 162 6 of of IN 31627 162 7 the the DT 31627 162 8 first first JJ 31627 162 9 recorded recorded JJ 31627 162 10 eruption eruption NN 31627 162 11 of of IN 31627 162 12 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 162 13 has have VBZ 31627 162 14 been be VBN 31627 162 15 graphically graphically RB 31627 162 16 related relate VBN 31627 162 17 by by IN 31627 162 18 the the DT 31627 162 19 younger young JJR 31627 162 20 Pliny Pliny NNP 31627 162 21 in in IN 31627 162 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 162 23 two two CD 31627 162 24 letters letter NNS 31627 162 25 to to IN 31627 162 26 Tacitus Tacitus NNP 31627 162 27 , , , 31627 162 28 to to TO 31627 162 29 which which WDT 31627 162 30 I -PRON- PRP 31627 162 31 shall shall MD 31627 162 32 have have VB 31627 162 33 occasion occasion NN 31627 162 34 to to TO 31627 162 35 refer refer VB 31627 162 36 further further RB 31627 162 37 on on RB 31627 162 38 . . . 31627 163 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 163 2 5 5 LS 31627 163 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 163 4 These these DT 31627 163 5 bring bring VB 31627 163 6 down down RP 31627 163 7 the the DT 31627 163 8 references reference NNS 31627 163 9 to to IN 31627 163 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 163 11 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 163 12 amongst amongst IN 31627 163 13 ancient ancient JJ 31627 163 14 authors author NNS 31627 163 15 to to IN 31627 163 16 the the DT 31627 163 17 commencement commencement NN 31627 163 18 of of IN 31627 163 19 the the DT 31627 163 20 Christian christian JJ 31627 163 21 era era NN 31627 163 22 ; ; : 31627 163 23 from from IN 31627 163 24 all all DT 31627 163 25 of of IN 31627 163 26 which which WDT 31627 163 27 we -PRON- PRP 31627 163 28 may may MD 31627 163 29 infer infer VB 31627 163 30 that that IN 31627 163 31 the the DT 31627 163 32 more more RBR 31627 163 33 enlightened enlightened JJ 31627 163 34 philosophers philosopher NNS 31627 163 35 of of IN 31627 163 36 antiquity antiquity NN 31627 163 37 had have VBD 31627 163 38 a a DT 31627 163 39 general general JJ 31627 163 40 idea idea NN 31627 163 41 that that IN 31627 163 42 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 163 43 had have VBD 31627 163 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 163 45 origin origin NN 31627 163 46 in in IN 31627 163 47 a a DT 31627 163 48 central central JJ 31627 163 49 fire fire NN 31627 163 50 within within IN 31627 163 51 the the DT 31627 163 52 interior interior NN 31627 163 53 of of IN 31627 163 54 the the DT 31627 163 55 earth earth NN 31627 163 56 , , , 31627 163 57 that that IN 31627 163 58 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 163 59 mountains mountain NNS 31627 163 60 were be VBD 31627 163 61 liable liable JJ 31627 163 62 to to TO 31627 163 63 become become VB 31627 163 64 dormant dormant JJ 31627 163 65 for for IN 31627 163 66 long long JJ 31627 163 67 periods period NNS 31627 163 68 , , , 31627 163 69 and and CC 31627 163 70 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 163 71 to to TO 31627 163 72 break break VB 31627 163 73 out out RP 31627 163 74 into into IN 31627 163 75 renewed renew VBN 31627 163 76 activity activity NN 31627 163 77 , , , 31627 163 78 that that IN 31627 163 79 there there EX 31627 163 80 existed exist VBD 31627 163 81 a a DT 31627 163 82 connection connection NN 31627 163 83 between between IN 31627 163 84 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 163 85 action action NN 31627 163 86 and and CC 31627 163 87 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 163 88 , , , 31627 163 89 and and CC 31627 163 90 that that IN 31627 163 91 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 163 92 are be VBP 31627 163 93 safety safety NN 31627 163 94 - - HYPH 31627 163 95 valves valve NNS 31627 163 96 for for IN 31627 163 97 the the DT 31627 163 98 regions region NNS 31627 163 99 around around RB 31627 163 100 . . . 31627 164 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 164 2 is be VBZ 31627 164 3 unnecessary unnecessary JJ 31627 164 4 that that IN 31627 164 5 I -PRON- PRP 31627 164 6 should should MD 31627 164 7 pursue pursue VB 31627 164 8 the the DT 31627 164 9 historical historical JJ 31627 164 10 sketch sketch NN 31627 164 11 further further RB 31627 164 12 . . . 31627 165 1 Those those DT 31627 165 2 who who WP 31627 165 3 wish wish VBP 31627 165 4 to to TO 31627 165 5 know know VB 31627 165 6 the the DT 31627 165 7 views view NNS 31627 165 8 of of IN 31627 165 9 writers writer NNS 31627 165 10 of of IN 31627 165 11 the the DT 31627 165 12 Middle Middle NNP 31627 165 13 Ages Ages NNP 31627 165 14 will will MD 31627 165 15 find find VB 31627 165 16 them -PRON- PRP 31627 165 17 recorded record VBN 31627 165 18 by by IN 31627 165 19 Sir Sir NNP 31627 165 20 Charles Charles NNP 31627 165 21 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 165 22 . . . 31627 166 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 166 2 6 6 CD 31627 166 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 166 4 The the DT 31627 166 5 long long JJ 31627 166 6 controversy controversy NN 31627 166 7 carried carry VBD 31627 166 8 on on RP 31627 166 9 during during IN 31627 166 10 the the DT 31627 166 11 latter latter JJ 31627 166 12 part part NN 31627 166 13 of of IN 31627 166 14 the the DT 31627 166 15 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 31627 166 16 century century NN 31627 166 17 between between IN 31627 166 18 " " `` 31627 166 19 Neptunists Neptunists NNPS 31627 166 20 , , , 31627 166 21 " " '' 31627 166 22 led lead VBN 31627 166 23 by by IN 31627 166 24 Werner Werner NNP 31627 166 25 on on IN 31627 166 26 the the DT 31627 166 27 one one CD 31627 166 28 side side NN 31627 166 29 , , , 31627 166 30 and and CC 31627 166 31 " " `` 31627 166 32 Vulcanists vulcanist NNS 31627 166 33 , , , 31627 166 34 " " '' 31627 166 35 led lead VBN 31627 166 36 by by IN 31627 166 37 Hutton Hutton NNP 31627 166 38 and and CC 31627 166 39 Playfair Playfair NNP 31627 166 40 on on IN 31627 166 41 the the DT 31627 166 42 other other JJ 31627 166 43 , , , 31627 166 44 regarding regard VBG 31627 166 45 the the DT 31627 166 46 origin origin NN 31627 166 47 of of IN 31627 166 48 such such JJ 31627 166 49 rocks rock NNS 31627 166 50 as as IN 31627 166 51 granite granite NN 31627 166 52 and and CC 31627 166 53 basalt basalt NN 31627 166 54 , , , 31627 166 55 was be VBD 31627 166 56 finally finally RB 31627 166 57 brought bring VBN 31627 166 58 to to IN 31627 166 59 a a DT 31627 166 60 close close NN 31627 166 61 by by IN 31627 166 62 the the DT 31627 166 63 triumph triumph NN 31627 166 64 of of IN 31627 166 65 the the DT 31627 166 66 " " `` 31627 166 67 Vulcanists Vulcanists NNPS 31627 166 68 , , , 31627 166 69 " " '' 31627 166 70 who who WP 31627 166 71 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 31627 166 72 that that IN 31627 166 73 such such JJ 31627 166 74 rocks rock NNS 31627 166 75 are be VBP 31627 166 76 the the DT 31627 166 77 result result NN 31627 166 78 of of IN 31627 166 79 igneous igneous JJ 31627 166 80 fusion fusion NN 31627 166 81 ; ; : 31627 166 82 and and CC 31627 166 83 that that IN 31627 166 84 in in IN 31627 166 85 the the DT 31627 166 86 cases case NNS 31627 166 87 of of IN 31627 166 88 basalt basalt NN 31627 166 89 and and CC 31627 166 90 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 166 91 congeners congener NNS 31627 166 92 , , , 31627 166 93 they -PRON- PRP 31627 166 94 are be VBP 31627 166 95 being be VBG 31627 166 96 extruded extrude VBN 31627 166 97 from from IN 31627 166 98 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 166 99 vents vent NNS 31627 166 100 at at IN 31627 166 101 the the DT 31627 166 102 present present JJ 31627 166 103 day day NN 31627 166 104 . . . 31627 167 1 The the DT 31627 167 2 general general JJ 31627 167 3 principles principle NNS 31627 167 4 for for IN 31627 167 5 the the DT 31627 167 6 classification classification NN 31627 167 7 of of IN 31627 167 8 rocks rock NNS 31627 167 9 as as IN 31627 167 10 recognised recognise VBN 31627 167 11 in in IN 31627 167 12 modern modern JJ 31627 167 13 science science NN 31627 167 14 may may MD 31627 167 15 be be VB 31627 167 16 regarded regard VBN 31627 167 17 as as IN 31627 167 18 having have VBG 31627 167 19 been be VBN 31627 167 20 finally finally RB 31627 167 21 established establish VBN 31627 167 22 by by IN 31627 167 23 James James NNP 31627 167 24 Hutton Hutton NNP 31627 167 25 , , , 31627 167 26 of of IN 31627 167 27 Edinburgh Edinburgh NNP 31627 167 28 , , , 31627 167 29 in in IN 31627 167 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 167 31 _ _ NNP 31627 167 32 Theory Theory NNP 31627 167 33 of of IN 31627 167 34 the the DT 31627 167 35 Earth_,[7 earth_,[7 NN 31627 167 36 ] ] -RRB- 31627 167 37 while while IN 31627 167 38 they -PRON- PRP 31627 167 39 were be VBD 31627 167 40 illustrated illustrate VBN 31627 167 41 and and CC 31627 167 42 defended defend VBN 31627 167 43 by by IN 31627 167 44 Professor Professor NNP 31627 167 45 Playfair Playfair NNP 31627 167 46 in in IN 31627 167 47 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 167 48 work work NN 31627 167 49 entitled entitle VBN 31627 167 50 , , , 31627 167 51 _ _ NNP 31627 167 52 Illustrations Illustrations NNPS 31627 167 53 of of IN 31627 167 54 the the DT 31627 167 55 Huttonian Huttonian NNP 31627 167 56 Theory Theory NNP 31627 167 57 of of IN 31627 167 58 the the DT 31627 167 59 Earth_,[8 earth_,[8 NN 31627 167 60 ] ] -RRB- 31627 167 61 although although IN 31627 167 62 other other JJ 31627 167 63 observers observer NNS 31627 167 64 , , , 31627 167 65 such such JJ 31627 167 66 as as IN 31627 167 67 Desmarest Desmarest NNP 31627 167 68 , , , 31627 167 69 Collini Collini NNP 31627 167 70 , , , 31627 167 71 and and CC 31627 167 72 Guettard Guettard NNP 31627 167 73 , , , 31627 167 74 had have VBD 31627 167 75 in in IN 31627 167 76 other other JJ 31627 167 77 countries country NNS 31627 167 78 come come VB 31627 167 79 to to IN 31627 167 80 very very RB 31627 167 81 clear clear JJ 31627 167 82 views view NNS 31627 167 83 on on IN 31627 167 84 this this DT 31627 167 85 subject subject NN 31627 167 86 . . . 31627 168 1 The the DT 31627 168 2 following follow VBG 31627 168 3 are be VBP 31627 168 4 some some DT 31627 168 5 of of IN 31627 168 6 the the DT 31627 168 7 more more RBR 31627 168 8 important important JJ 31627 168 9 works work NNS 31627 168 10 on on IN 31627 168 11 the the DT 31627 168 12 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 168 13 of of IN 31627 168 14 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 168 15 and and CC 31627 168 16 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 168 17 published publish VBN 31627 168 18 during during IN 31627 168 19 the the DT 31627 168 20 present present JJ 31627 168 21 century:--[9 century:--[9 NN 31627 168 22 ] ] -RRB- 31627 168 23 1 1 CD 31627 168 24 . . . 31627 169 1 Poulett Poulett NNP 31627 169 2 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 169 3 , , , 31627 169 4 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 31627 169 5 , , , 31627 169 6 _ _ NNP 31627 169 7 Considerations Considerations NNP 31627 169 8 on on IN 31627 169 9 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 169 10 _ _ NNP 31627 169 11 ( ( -LRB- 31627 169 12 1825 1825 CD 31627 169 13 ) ) -RRB- 31627 169 14 . . . 31627 170 1 This this DT 31627 170 2 work work NN 31627 170 3 is be VBZ 31627 170 4 dedicated dedicate VBN 31627 170 5 to to IN 31627 170 6 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 170 7 , , , 31627 170 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 170 9 fellow fellow NN 31627 170 10 - - HYPH 31627 170 11 worker worker NN 31627 170 12 in in IN 31627 170 13 the the DT 31627 170 14 same same JJ 31627 170 15 department department NN 31627 170 16 of of IN 31627 170 17 science science NNP 31627 170 18 , , , 31627 170 19 and and CC 31627 170 20 was be VBD 31627 170 21 undertaken undertake VBN 31627 170 22 , , , 31627 170 23 as as IN 31627 170 24 he -PRON- PRP 31627 170 25 says say VBZ 31627 170 26 , , , 31627 170 27 " " `` 31627 170 28 in in IN 31627 170 29 order order NN 31627 170 30 to to TO 31627 170 31 help help VB 31627 170 32 to to TO 31627 170 33 dispel dispel VB 31627 170 34 that that IN 31627 170 35 signal signal NN 31627 170 36 delusion delusion NN 31627 170 37 as as IN 31627 170 38 to to IN 31627 170 39 the the DT 31627 170 40 mode mode NN 31627 170 41 of of IN 31627 170 42 action action NN 31627 170 43 of of IN 31627 170 44 the the DT 31627 170 45 subtelluric subtelluric JJ 31627 170 46 forces force NNS 31627 170 47 with with IN 31627 170 48 which which WDT 31627 170 49 the the DT 31627 170 50 Elevation Elevation NNP 31627 170 51 - - HYPH 31627 170 52 Crater Crater NNP 31627 170 53 theory theory NN 31627 170 54 had have VBD 31627 170 55 mystified mystify VBN 31627 170 56 the the DT 31627 170 57 geological geological JJ 31627 170 58 world world NN 31627 170 59 . . . 31627 170 60 " " '' 31627 171 1 The the DT 31627 171 2 second second JJ 31627 171 3 edition edition NN 31627 171 4 was be VBD 31627 171 5 published publish VBN 31627 171 6 in in IN 31627 171 7 1872 1872 CD 31627 171 8 . . . 31627 172 1 2 2 LS 31627 172 2 . . . 31627 173 1 This this DT 31627 173 2 was be VBD 31627 173 3 followed follow VBN 31627 173 4 by by IN 31627 173 5 the the DT 31627 173 6 admirable admirable JJ 31627 173 7 work work NN 31627 173 8 , , , 31627 173 9 _ _ NNP 31627 173 10 On On NNP 31627 173 11 the the DT 31627 173 12 Extinct extinct JJ 31627 173 13 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 173 14 of of IN 31627 173 15 Central Central NNP 31627 173 16 France France NNP 31627 173 17 _ _ NNP 31627 173 18 , , , 31627 173 19 published publish VBN 31627 173 20 in in IN 31627 173 21 1826 1826 CD 31627 173 22 ( ( -LRB- 31627 173 23 2nd 2nd NNP 31627 173 24 edition edition NNP 31627 173 25 , , , 31627 173 26 1858 1858 CD 31627 173 27 ) ) -RRB- 31627 173 28 , , , 31627 173 29 and and CC 31627 173 30 is be VBZ 31627 173 31 one one CD 31627 173 32 of of IN 31627 173 33 the the DT 31627 173 34 most most RBS 31627 173 35 complete complete JJ 31627 173 36 monographs monographs NN 31627 173 37 on on IN 31627 173 38 a a DT 31627 173 39 special special JJ 31627 173 40 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 173 41 district district NN 31627 173 42 ever ever RB 31627 173 43 written write VBN 31627 173 44 . . . 31627 174 1 3 3 LS 31627 174 2 . . . 31627 175 1 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 175 2 Samuel Samuel NNP 31627 175 3 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 175 4 , , , 31627 175 5 _ _ NNP 31627 175 6 History history NN 31627 175 7 of of IN 31627 175 8 the the DT 31627 175 9 Extinct Extinct NNP 31627 175 10 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 175 11 of of IN 31627 175 12 the the DT 31627 175 13 Basin Basin NNP 31627 175 14 of of IN 31627 175 15 Neuwied Neuwied NNP 31627 175 16 on on IN 31627 175 17 the the DT 31627 175 18 Lower Lower NNP 31627 175 19 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 175 20 _ _ NNP 31627 175 21 ( ( -LRB- 31627 175 22 1832 1832 CD 31627 175 23 ) ) -RRB- 31627 175 24 . . . 31627 176 1 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 176 2 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 176 3 's 's POS 31627 176 4 work work NN 31627 176 5 is be VBZ 31627 176 6 one one CD 31627 176 7 of of IN 31627 176 8 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 176 9 merit merit NN 31627 176 10 , , , 31627 176 11 if if IN 31627 176 12 we -PRON- PRP 31627 176 13 consider consider VBP 31627 176 14 the the DT 31627 176 15 time time NN 31627 176 16 at at IN 31627 176 17 which which WDT 31627 176 18 it -PRON- PRP 31627 176 19 was be VBD 31627 176 20 written write VBN 31627 176 21 . . . 31627 177 1 For for IN 31627 177 2 not not RB 31627 177 3 only only RB 31627 177 4 does do VBZ 31627 177 5 it -PRON- PRP 31627 177 6 give give VB 31627 177 7 a a DT 31627 177 8 clear clear JJ 31627 177 9 and and CC 31627 177 10 detailed detailed JJ 31627 177 11 account account NN 31627 177 12 of of IN 31627 177 13 the the DT 31627 177 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 177 15 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 177 16 of of IN 31627 177 17 the the DT 31627 177 18 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 177 19 and and CC 31627 177 20 the the DT 31627 177 21 Lower Lower NNP 31627 177 22 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 177 23 , , , 31627 177 24 but but CC 31627 177 25 it -PRON- PRP 31627 177 26 anticipates anticipate VBZ 31627 177 27 the the DT 31627 177 28 principles principle NNS 31627 177 29 upon upon IN 31627 177 30 which which WDT 31627 177 31 modern modern JJ 31627 177 32 writers writer NNS 31627 177 33 account account VBP 31627 177 34 for for IN 31627 177 35 the the DT 31627 177 36 formation formation NN 31627 177 37 of of IN 31627 177 38 river river NN 31627 177 39 valleys valley NNS 31627 177 40 and and CC 31627 177 41 other other JJ 31627 177 42 physical physical JJ 31627 177 43 features feature NNS 31627 177 44 ; ; : 31627 177 45 and and CC 31627 177 46 in in IN 31627 177 47 working work VBG 31627 177 48 out out RP 31627 177 49 the the DT 31627 177 50 physical physical JJ 31627 177 51 history history NN 31627 177 52 of of IN 31627 177 53 the the DT 31627 177 54 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 177 55 valley valley NN 31627 177 56 below below IN 31627 177 57 Mainz Mainz NNP 31627 177 58 , , , 31627 177 59 and and CC 31627 177 60 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 177 61 connection connection NN 31627 177 62 with with IN 31627 177 63 the the DT 31627 177 64 extinct extinct JJ 31627 177 65 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 177 66 which which WDT 31627 177 67 are be VBP 31627 177 68 found find VBN 31627 177 69 on on IN 31627 177 70 both both DT 31627 177 71 banks bank NNS 31627 177 72 of of IN 31627 177 73 that that DT 31627 177 74 river river NN 31627 177 75 , , , 31627 177 76 he -PRON- PRP 31627 177 77 has have VBZ 31627 177 78 taken take VBN 31627 177 79 very very RB 31627 177 80 much much RB 31627 177 81 the the DT 31627 177 82 same same JJ 31627 177 83 line line NN 31627 177 84 of of IN 31627 177 85 reasoning reasoning NN 31627 177 86 which which WDT 31627 177 87 was be VBD 31627 177 88 some some DT 31627 177 89 years year NNS 31627 177 90 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 177 91 adopted adopt VBN 31627 177 92 by by IN 31627 177 93 Sir Sir NNP 31627 177 94 A. a. NN 31627 177 95 Ramsay Ramsay NNP 31627 177 96 when when WRB 31627 177 97 dealing deal VBG 31627 177 98 with with IN 31627 177 99 the the DT 31627 177 100 same same JJ 31627 177 101 subject subject NN 31627 177 102 . . . 31627 178 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 178 2 does do VBZ 31627 178 3 not not RB 31627 178 4 appear appear VB 31627 178 5 that that IN 31627 178 6 the the DT 31627 178 7 latter latter JJ 31627 178 8 writer writer NN 31627 178 9 was be VBD 31627 178 10 aware aware JJ 31627 178 11 of of IN 31627 178 12 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 178 13 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 178 14 's 's POS 31627 178 15 treatise treatise NN 31627 178 16 . . . 31627 179 1 4 4 LS 31627 179 2 . . . 31627 180 1 Leopold Leopold NNP 31627 180 2 von von NNP 31627 180 3 Buch Buch NNP 31627 180 4 , , , 31627 180 5 _ _ NNP 31627 180 6 Description Description NNP 31627 180 7 Physique Physique NNP 31627 180 8 des des NNP 31627 180 9 Iles Iles NNP 31627 180 10 Canaries Canaries NNP 31627 180 11 _ _ NNP 31627 180 12 ( ( -LRB- 31627 180 13 1825 1825 CD 31627 180 14 ) ) -RRB- 31627 180 15 , , , 31627 180 16 translated translate VBN 31627 180 17 from from IN 31627 180 18 the the DT 31627 180 19 original original NN 31627 180 20 by by IN 31627 180 21 C. C. NNP 31627 180 22 Boulanger Boulanger NNP 31627 180 23 ( ( -LRB- 31627 180 24 1836 1836 CD 31627 180 25 ) ) -RRB- 31627 180 26 ; ; : 31627 180 27 _ _ NNP 31627 180 28 Geognostische Geognostische NNP 31627 180 29 Reise Reise NNP 31627 180 30 _ _ NNP 31627 180 31 ( ( -LRB- 31627 180 32 Berlin Berlin NNP 31627 180 33 , , , 31627 180 34 1809 1809 CD 31627 180 35 ) ) -RRB- 31627 180 36 , , , 31627 180 37 2 2 CD 31627 180 38 vols vol NNS 31627 180 39 . . . 31627 181 1 ; ; : 31627 181 2 and and CC 31627 181 3 _ _ NNP 31627 181 4 Reise Reise NNP 31627 181 5 durch durch NN 31627 181 6 Italien Italien NNP 31627 181 7 _ _ NNP 31627 181 8 ( ( -LRB- 31627 181 9 1809 1809 CD 31627 181 10 ) ) -RRB- 31627 181 11 . . . 31627 182 1 From from IN 31627 182 2 a a DT 31627 182 3 large large JJ 31627 182 4 number number NN 31627 182 5 of of IN 31627 182 6 writings writing NNS 31627 182 7 on on IN 31627 182 8 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 182 9 by by IN 31627 182 10 this this DT 31627 182 11 distinguished distinguished JJ 31627 182 12 traveller traveller NN 31627 182 13 , , , 31627 182 14 whom whom WP 31627 182 15 Alexander Alexander NNP 31627 182 16 von von NNP 31627 182 17 Humboldt Humboldt NNP 31627 182 18 calls call VBZ 31627 182 19 " " '' 31627 182 20 dem dem JJ 31627 182 21 geistreichen geistreichen NNP 31627 182 22 Forscher Forscher NNP 31627 182 23 der der VBP 31627 182 24 Natur Natur NNP 31627 182 25 , , , 31627 182 26 " " '' 31627 182 27 the the DT 31627 182 28 above above RB 31627 182 29 are be VBP 31627 182 30 selected select VBN 31627 182 31 as as IN 31627 182 32 being be VBG 31627 182 33 the the DT 31627 182 34 most most RBS 31627 182 35 important important JJ 31627 182 36 . . . 31627 183 1 That that IN 31627 183 2 on on IN 31627 183 3 the the DT 31627 183 4 Canaries Canaries NNP 31627 183 5 is be VBZ 31627 183 6 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 183 7 by by IN 31627 183 8 a a DT 31627 183 9 large large JJ 31627 183 10 atlas atlas NN 31627 183 11 , , , 31627 183 12 in in IN 31627 183 13 which which WDT 31627 183 14 the the DT 31627 183 15 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 183 16 of of IN 31627 183 17 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 31627 183 18 , , , 31627 183 19 Palma Palma NNP 31627 183 20 , , , 31627 183 21 and and CC 31627 183 22 Lancerote Lancerote NNP 31627 183 23 , , , 31627 183 24 with with IN 31627 183 25 some some DT 31627 183 26 others other NNS 31627 183 27 , , , 31627 183 28 are be VBP 31627 183 29 elaborately elaborately RB 31627 183 30 represented represent VBN 31627 183 31 , , , 31627 183 32 and and CC 31627 183 33 are be VBP 31627 183 34 considered consider VBN 31627 183 35 to to TO 31627 183 36 bear bear VB 31627 183 37 out out RP 31627 183 38 the the DT 31627 183 39 author author NN 31627 183 40 's 's POS 31627 183 41 views view NNS 31627 183 42 regarding regard VBG 31627 183 43 the the DT 31627 183 44 formation formation NN 31627 183 45 of of IN 31627 183 46 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 183 47 cones cone NNS 31627 183 48 by by IN 31627 183 49 elevation elevation NN 31627 183 50 or or CC 31627 183 51 upheaval upheaval NN 31627 183 52 . . . 31627 184 1 The the DT 31627 184 2 works work NNS 31627 184 3 dealing deal VBG 31627 184 4 with with IN 31627 184 5 the the DT 31627 184 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 184 7 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 184 8 of of IN 31627 184 9 Central Central NNP 31627 184 10 and and CC 31627 184 11 Southern Southern NNP 31627 184 12 Italy Italy NNP 31627 184 13 are be VBP 31627 184 14 also also RB 31627 184 15 written write VBN 31627 184 16 with with IN 31627 184 17 the the DT 31627 184 18 object object NN 31627 184 19 , , , 31627 184 20 in in IN 31627 184 21 part part NN 31627 184 22 at at IN 31627 184 23 least least JJS 31627 184 24 , , , 31627 184 25 of of IN 31627 184 26 illustrating illustrate VBG 31627 184 27 and and CC 31627 184 28 supporting support VBG 31627 184 29 the the DT 31627 184 30 same same JJ 31627 184 31 theoretical theoretical JJ 31627 184 32 views view NNS 31627 184 33 ; ; : 31627 184 34 with with IN 31627 184 35 these these DT 31627 184 36 we -PRON- PRP 31627 184 37 have have VBP 31627 184 38 to to TO 31627 184 39 deal deal VB 31627 184 40 in in IN 31627 184 41 the the DT 31627 184 42 next next JJ 31627 184 43 chapter chapter NN 31627 184 44 . . . 31627 185 1 5 5 CD 31627 185 2 . . . 31627 186 1 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 186 2 Charles Charles NNP 31627 186 3 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 186 4 , , , 31627 186 5 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 31627 186 6 , , , 31627 186 7 _ _ NNP 31627 186 8 Description Description NNP 31627 186 9 of of IN 31627 186 10 Active Active NNP 31627 186 11 and and CC 31627 186 12 Extinct Extinct NNP 31627 186 13 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 186 14 , , , 31627 186 15 of of IN 31627 186 16 Earthquakes Earthquakes NNP 31627 186 17 , , , 31627 186 18 and and CC 31627 186 19 of of IN 31627 186 20 Thermal Thermal NNP 31627 186 21 Springs Springs NNP 31627 186 22 , , , 31627 186 23 with with IN 31627 186 24 remarks remark NNS 31627 186 25 on on IN 31627 186 26 the the DT 31627 186 27 causes cause NNS 31627 186 28 of of IN 31627 186 29 these these DT 31627 186 30 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 186 31 , , , 31627 186 32 the the DT 31627 186 33 character character NN 31627 186 34 of of IN 31627 186 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 186 36 respective respective JJ 31627 186 37 products product NNS 31627 186 38 , , , 31627 186 39 and and CC 31627 186 40 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 186 41 influence influence NN 31627 186 42 on on IN 31627 186 43 the the DT 31627 186 44 past past NN 31627 186 45 and and CC 31627 186 46 present present JJ 31627 186 47 condition condition NN 31627 186 48 of of IN 31627 186 49 the the DT 31627 186 50 globe globe NNP 31627 186 51 _ _ NNP 31627 186 52 ( ( -LRB- 31627 186 53 2nd 2nd NNP 31627 186 54 edition edition NNP 31627 186 55 , , , 31627 186 56 1848 1848 CD 31627 186 57 ) ) -RRB- 31627 186 58 . . . 31627 187 1 In in IN 31627 187 2 this this DT 31627 187 3 work work NN 31627 187 4 the the DT 31627 187 5 author author NN 31627 187 6 gives give VBZ 31627 187 7 detailed detail VBN 31627 187 8 descriptions description NNS 31627 187 9 of of IN 31627 187 10 almost almost RB 31627 187 11 all all PDT 31627 187 12 the the DT 31627 187 13 known known JJ 31627 187 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 187 15 districts district NNS 31627 187 16 of of IN 31627 187 17 the the DT 31627 187 18 globe globe NN 31627 187 19 , , , 31627 187 20 and and CC 31627 187 21 defends defend VBZ 31627 187 22 what what WP 31627 187 23 is be VBZ 31627 187 24 called call VBN 31627 187 25 " " `` 31627 187 26 the the DT 31627 187 27 chemical chemical NN 31627 187 28 theory theory NN 31627 187 29 of of IN 31627 187 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 187 31 action"--a action"--a JJ 31627 187 32 theory theory NN 31627 187 33 at at IN 31627 187 34 one one CD 31627 187 35 time time NN 31627 187 36 held hold VBN 31627 187 37 by by IN 31627 187 38 Sir Sir NNP 31627 187 39 Humphrey Humphrey NNP 31627 187 40 Davy Davy NNP 31627 187 41 . . . 31627 188 1 6 6 CD 31627 188 2 . . . 31627 189 1 Wolfgang Wolfgang NNP 31627 189 2 Sartorius Sartorius NNP 31627 189 3 von von NNP 31627 189 4 Waltershausen Waltershausen NNP 31627 189 5 , , , 31627 189 6 _ _ NNP 31627 189 7 Der Der NNP 31627 189 8 Ætna Ætna NNP 31627 189 9 _ _ NNP 31627 189 10 . . . 31627 190 1 This this DT 31627 190 2 work work NN 31627 190 3 possesses possess VBZ 31627 190 4 a a DT 31627 190 5 melancholy melancholy JJ 31627 190 6 interest interest NN 31627 190 7 from from IN 31627 190 8 the the DT 31627 190 9 fact fact NN 31627 190 10 that that IN 31627 190 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 190 12 distinguished distinguished JJ 31627 190 13 author author NN 31627 190 14 did do VBD 31627 190 15 not not RB 31627 190 16 live live VB 31627 190 17 to to TO 31627 190 18 see see VB 31627 190 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 190 20 publication publication NN 31627 190 21 . . . 31627 191 1 Von Von NNP 31627 191 2 Waltershausen Waltershausen NNP 31627 191 3 , , , 31627 191 4 having have VBG 31627 191 5 spent spend VBN 31627 191 6 several several JJ 31627 191 7 years year NNS 31627 191 8 in in IN 31627 191 9 making make VBG 31627 191 10 an an DT 31627 191 11 elaborate elaborate JJ 31627 191 12 survey survey NN 31627 191 13 of of IN 31627 191 14 Etna Etna NNP 31627 191 15 , , , 31627 191 16 produced produce VBD 31627 191 17 an an DT 31627 191 18 atlas atlas NN 31627 191 19 containing contain VBG 31627 191 20 numerous numerous JJ 31627 191 21 detailed detailed JJ 31627 191 22 maps map NNS 31627 191 23 , , , 31627 191 24 views view NNS 31627 191 25 , , , 31627 191 26 and and CC 31627 191 27 drawings drawing NNS 31627 191 28 of of IN 31627 191 29 this this DT 31627 191 30 mountain mountain NN 31627 191 31 and and CC 31627 191 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 191 33 surroundings surrounding NNS 31627 191 34 , , , 31627 191 35 which which WDT 31627 191 36 were be VBD 31627 191 37 published publish VBN 31627 191 38 at at IN 31627 191 39 Weimar Weimar NNP 31627 191 40 by by IN 31627 191 41 Engelmann Engelmann NNP 31627 191 42 in in IN 31627 191 43 1858 1858 CD 31627 191 44 . . . 31627 192 1 A a DT 31627 192 2 description description NN 31627 192 3 in in IN 31627 192 4 MS MS NNP 31627 192 5 . . . 31627 192 6 to to TO 31627 192 7 accompany accompany VB 31627 192 8 the the DT 31627 192 9 atlas atlas NN 31627 192 10 was be VBD 31627 192 11 also also RB 31627 192 12 prepared prepare VBN 31627 192 13 , , , 31627 192 14 but but CC 31627 192 15 before before IN 31627 192 16 it -PRON- PRP 31627 192 17 was be VBD 31627 192 18 printed print VBN 31627 192 19 , , , 31627 192 20 the the DT 31627 192 21 author author NN 31627 192 22 died die VBD 31627 192 23 , , , 31627 192 24 on on IN 31627 192 25 the the DT 31627 192 26 16th 16th JJ 31627 192 27 October October NNP 31627 192 28 1876 1876 CD 31627 192 29 . . . 31627 193 1 The the DT 31627 193 2 MS MS NNP 31627 193 3 . . . 31627 193 4 having have VBG 31627 193 5 been be VBN 31627 193 6 put put VBN 31627 193 7 into into IN 31627 193 8 the the DT 31627 193 9 hands hand NNS 31627 193 10 of of IN 31627 193 11 the the DT 31627 193 12 late late JJ 31627 193 13 Professor Professor NNP 31627 193 14 Arnold Arnold NNP 31627 193 15 von von NNP 31627 193 16 Lasaulx Lasaulx NNP 31627 193 17 by by IN 31627 193 18 the the DT 31627 193 19 publisher publisher NN 31627 193 20 of of IN 31627 193 21 the the DT 31627 193 22 atlas atlas NNP 31627 193 23 , , , 31627 193 24 it -PRON- PRP 31627 193 25 was be VBD 31627 193 26 subsequently subsequently RB 31627 193 27 brought bring VBN 31627 193 28 out out RP 31627 193 29 under under IN 31627 193 30 the the DT 31627 193 31 care care NN 31627 193 32 of of IN 31627 193 33 this this DT 31627 193 34 distinguished distinguished JJ 31627 193 35 petrologist petrologist NN 31627 193 36 , , , 31627 193 37 who who WP 31627 193 38 was be VBD 31627 193 39 so so RB 31627 193 40 fully fully RB 31627 193 41 fitted fit VBN 31627 193 42 for for IN 31627 193 43 an an DT 31627 193 44 undertaking undertaking NN 31627 193 45 of of IN 31627 193 46 this this DT 31627 193 47 kind kind NN 31627 193 48 . . . 31627 194 1 7 7 LS 31627 194 2 . . . 31627 195 1 Sir Sir NNP 31627 195 2 Charles Charles NNP 31627 195 3 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 195 4 in in IN 31627 195 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 195 6 _ _ NNP 31627 195 7 Principles Principles NNPS 31627 195 8 of of IN 31627 195 9 Geology_[10 Geology_[10 NNPS 31627 195 10 ] ] -RRB- 31627 195 11 devotes devote VBZ 31627 195 12 several several JJ 31627 195 13 chapters chapter NNS 31627 195 14 to to IN 31627 195 15 the the DT 31627 195 16 consideration consideration NN 31627 195 17 of of IN 31627 195 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 195 19 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 195 20 , , , 31627 195 21 in in IN 31627 195 22 which which WDT 31627 195 23 , , , 31627 195 24 being be VBG 31627 195 25 in in IN 31627 195 26 harmony harmony NN 31627 195 27 with with IN 31627 195 28 the the DT 31627 195 29 views view NNS 31627 195 30 of of IN 31627 195 31 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 195 32 friend friend NN 31627 195 33 , , , 31627 195 34 Poulett Poulett NNP 31627 195 35 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 195 36 , , , 31627 195 37 he -PRON- PRP 31627 195 38 combats combat VBZ 31627 195 39 the the DT 31627 195 40 " " `` 31627 195 41 elevation elevation NN 31627 195 42 theory theory NN 31627 195 43 " " '' 31627 195 44 of of IN 31627 195 45 Von Von NNP 31627 195 46 Buch Buch NNP 31627 195 47 , , , 31627 195 48 as as IN 31627 195 49 applied apply VBN 31627 195 50 to to IN 31627 195 51 the the DT 31627 195 52 formation formation NN 31627 195 53 of of IN 31627 195 54 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 195 55 mountains mountain NNS 31627 195 56 , , , 31627 195 57 holding hold VBG 31627 195 58 that that IN 31627 195 59 they -PRON- PRP 31627 195 60 are be VBP 31627 195 61 built build VBN 31627 195 62 up up IN 31627 195 63 of of IN 31627 195 64 ashes ashe NNS 31627 195 65 , , , 31627 195 66 stones stone NNS 31627 195 67 , , , 31627 195 68 and and CC 31627 195 69 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 195 70 blown blow VBN 31627 195 71 out out IN 31627 195 72 of of IN 31627 195 73 the the DT 31627 195 74 throat throat NN 31627 195 75 of of IN 31627 195 76 the the DT 31627 195 77 volcano volcano NN 31627 195 78 and and CC 31627 195 79 piled pile VBD 31627 195 80 around around RP 31627 195 81 the the DT 31627 195 82 orifice orifice NN 31627 195 83 in in IN 31627 195 84 a a DT 31627 195 85 conical conical JJ 31627 195 86 form form NN 31627 195 87 . . . 31627 196 1 Together together RB 31627 196 2 with with IN 31627 196 3 these these DT 31627 196 4 materials material NNS 31627 196 5 are be VBP 31627 196 6 sheets sheet NNS 31627 196 7 of of IN 31627 196 8 lava lava NN 31627 196 9 extruded extrude VBN 31627 196 10 in in IN 31627 196 11 a a DT 31627 196 12 molten molten JJ 31627 196 13 condition condition NN 31627 196 14 from from IN 31627 196 15 the the DT 31627 196 16 sides side NNS 31627 196 17 or or CC 31627 196 18 throat throat NN 31627 196 19 of of IN 31627 196 20 the the DT 31627 196 21 crater crater NN 31627 196 22 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 196 23 . . . 31627 197 1 8 8 LS 31627 197 2 . . . 31627 198 1 Professor Professor NNP 31627 198 2 J. J. NNP 31627 198 3 W. W. NNP 31627 198 4 Judd Judd NNP 31627 198 5 , , , 31627 198 6 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 31627 198 7 , , , 31627 198 8 in in IN 31627 198 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 198 10 able able JJ 31627 198 11 work work NN 31627 198 12 entitled entitle VBN 31627 198 13 , , , 31627 198 14 _ _ NNP 31627 198 15 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 198 16 : : : 31627 198 17 What what WP 31627 198 18 they -PRON- PRP 31627 198 19 are be VBP 31627 198 20 , , , 31627 198 21 and and CC 31627 198 22 what what WP 31627 198 23 they -PRON- PRP 31627 198 24 teach_,[11 teach_,[11 VBP 31627 198 25 ] ] -RRB- 31627 198 26 has have VBZ 31627 198 27 furnished furnish VBN 31627 198 28 the the DT 31627 198 29 student student NN 31627 198 30 of of IN 31627 198 31 vulcanicity vulcanicity NN 31627 198 32 with with IN 31627 198 33 a a DT 31627 198 34 very very RB 31627 198 35 complete complete JJ 31627 198 36 manual manual NN 31627 198 37 of of IN 31627 198 38 a a DT 31627 198 39 general general JJ 31627 198 40 character character NN 31627 198 41 on on IN 31627 198 42 the the DT 31627 198 43 subject subject NN 31627 198 44 . . . 31627 199 1 The the DT 31627 199 2 author author NN 31627 199 3 , , , 31627 199 4 having have VBG 31627 199 5 extensive extensive JJ 31627 199 6 personal personal JJ 31627 199 7 acquaintance acquaintance NN 31627 199 8 with with IN 31627 199 9 the the DT 31627 199 10 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 199 11 of of IN 31627 199 12 the the DT 31627 199 13 south south NN 31627 199 14 of of IN 31627 199 15 Europe Europe NNP 31627 199 16 and and CC 31627 199 17 the the DT 31627 199 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 199 19 rocks rock NNS 31627 199 20 of of IN 31627 199 21 the the DT 31627 199 22 British British NNP 31627 199 23 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 199 24 , , , 31627 199 25 was be VBD 31627 199 26 well well RB 31627 199 27 equipped equip VBN 31627 199 28 for for IN 31627 199 29 undertaking undertake VBG 31627 199 30 a a DT 31627 199 31 work work NN 31627 199 32 of of IN 31627 199 33 the the DT 31627 199 34 kind kind NN 31627 199 35 ; ; : 31627 199 36 and and CC 31627 199 37 in in IN 31627 199 38 it -PRON- PRP 31627 199 39 he -PRON- PRP 31627 199 40 supports support VBZ 31627 199 41 the the DT 31627 199 42 views view NNS 31627 199 43 of of IN 31627 199 44 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 199 45 and and CC 31627 199 46 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 199 47 regarding regard VBG 31627 199 48 the the DT 31627 199 49 mode mode NN 31627 199 50 of of IN 31627 199 51 formation formation NN 31627 199 52 of of IN 31627 199 53 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 199 54 mountains mountain NNS 31627 199 55 . . . 31627 200 1 9 9 CD 31627 200 2 . . . 31627 201 1 Sir Sir NNP 31627 201 2 Archibald Archibald NNP 31627 201 3 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 201 4 , , , 31627 201 5 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 31627 201 6 , , , 31627 201 7 in in IN 31627 201 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 201 9 elaborate elaborate JJ 31627 201 10 monograph[12 monograph[12 NNP 31627 201 11 ] ] -RRB- 31627 201 12 on on IN 31627 201 13 the the DT 31627 201 14 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 201 15 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 201 16 Rocks Rocks NNPS 31627 201 17 of of IN 31627 201 18 the the DT 31627 201 19 British British NNP 31627 201 20 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 201 21 , , , 31627 201 22 has have VBZ 31627 201 23 recorded record VBN 31627 201 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 201 25 views view NNS 31627 201 26 regarding regard VBG 31627 201 27 the the DT 31627 201 28 origin origin NN 31627 201 29 and and CC 31627 201 30 succession succession NN 31627 201 31 of of IN 31627 201 32 the the DT 31627 201 33 plateau plateau NN 31627 201 34 basalts basalt NNS 31627 201 35 and and CC 31627 201 36 associated associate VBD 31627 201 37 rocks rock NNS 31627 201 38 over over IN 31627 201 39 the the DT 31627 201 40 region region NN 31627 201 41 extending extend VBG 31627 201 42 from from IN 31627 201 43 the the DT 31627 201 44 north north NN 31627 201 45 of of IN 31627 201 46 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 201 47 to to IN 31627 201 48 the the DT 31627 201 49 Inner Inner NNP 31627 201 50 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 201 51 ; ; : 31627 201 52 and and CC 31627 201 53 in in IN 31627 201 54 dealing deal VBG 31627 201 55 with with IN 31627 201 56 these these DT 31627 201 57 districts district NNS 31627 201 58 in in IN 31627 201 59 the the DT 31627 201 60 following follow VBG 31627 201 61 pages page NNS 31627 201 62 I -PRON- PRP 31627 201 63 have have VBP 31627 201 64 made make VBN 31627 201 65 extensive extensive JJ 31627 201 66 use use NN 31627 201 67 of of IN 31627 201 68 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 201 69 observations observation NNS 31627 201 70 and and CC 31627 201 71 conclusions conclusion NNS 31627 201 72 . . . 31627 202 1 10 10 CD 31627 202 2 . . . 31627 203 1 _ _ NNP 31627 203 2 Report Report NNP 31627 203 3 published publish VBN 31627 203 4 by by IN 31627 203 5 the the DT 31627 203 6 Royal Royal NNP 31627 203 7 Society Society NNP 31627 203 8 on on IN 31627 203 9 the the DT 31627 203 10 Eruption eruption NN 31627 203 11 of of IN 31627 203 12 Krakatoa_--drawn krakatoa_--drawn NN 31627 203 13 up up RP 31627 203 14 by by IN 31627 203 15 several several JJ 31627 203 16 authors author NNS 31627 203 17 ( ( -LRB- 31627 203 18 1885)--and 1885)--and CD 31627 203 19 the the DT 31627 203 20 work work NN 31627 203 21 on on IN 31627 203 22 the the DT 31627 203 23 same same JJ 31627 203 24 subject subject NN 31627 203 25 by by IN 31627 203 26 Chev Chev NNP 31627 203 27 . . . 31627 204 1 Verbeek Verbeek NNP 31627 204 2 , , , 31627 204 3 and and CC 31627 204 4 published publish VBN 31627 204 5 by by IN 31627 204 6 the the DT 31627 204 7 Government Government NNP 31627 204 8 of of IN 31627 204 9 the the DT 31627 204 10 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 31627 204 11 ( ( -LRB- 31627 204 12 1886 1886 CD 31627 204 13 ) ) -RRB- 31627 204 14 . . . 31627 205 1 In in IN 31627 205 2 these these DT 31627 205 3 works work NNS 31627 205 4 all all PDT 31627 205 5 the the DT 31627 205 6 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 205 7 connected connect VBN 31627 205 8 with with IN 31627 205 9 the the DT 31627 205 10 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 31627 205 11 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 205 12 of of IN 31627 205 13 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 205 14 in in IN 31627 205 15 1883 1883 CD 31627 205 16 are be VBP 31627 205 17 carefully carefully RB 31627 205 18 noted note VBN 31627 205 19 and and CC 31627 205 20 scientifically scientifically RB 31627 205 21 discussed discuss VBN 31627 205 22 , , , 31627 205 23 and and CC 31627 205 24 illustrated illustrate VBN 31627 205 25 by by IN 31627 205 26 maps map NNS 31627 205 27 and and CC 31627 205 28 drawings drawing NNS 31627 205 29 . . . 31627 206 1 11 11 CD 31627 206 2 . . . 31627 207 1 _ _ NNP 31627 207 2 The the DT 31627 207 3 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 207 4 Earthquake Earthquake NNP 31627 207 5 of of IN 31627 207 6 August August NNP 31627 207 7 31 31 CD 31627 207 8 , , , 31627 207 9 1886 1886 CD 31627 207 10 _ _ NNP 31627 207 11 , , , 31627 207 12 by by IN 31627 207 13 Captain Captain NNP 31627 207 14 Clarence Clarence NNP 31627 207 15 Edward Edward NNP 31627 207 16 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 207 17 , , , 31627 207 18 U.S. U.S. NNP 31627 208 1 Ordnance Ordnance NNP 31627 208 2 Corps Corps NNP 31627 208 3 . . . 31627 209 1 Ninth Ninth NNP 31627 209 2 Annual Annual NNP 31627 209 3 Report Report NNP 31627 209 4 of of IN 31627 209 5 the the DT 31627 209 6 United United NNP 31627 209 7 States States NNP 31627 209 8 Geological Geological NNP 31627 209 9 Survey Survey NNP 31627 209 10 , , , 31627 209 11 1887 1887 CD 31627 209 12 - - SYM 31627 209 13 88 88 CD 31627 209 14 , , , 31627 209 15 with with IN 31627 209 16 maps map NNS 31627 209 17 and and CC 31627 209 18 illustrations illustration NNS 31627 209 19 . . . 31627 210 1 12 12 CD 31627 210 2 . . . 31627 211 1 Amongst amongst IN 31627 211 2 other other JJ 31627 211 3 works work NNS 31627 211 4 which which WDT 31627 211 5 may may MD 31627 211 6 be be VB 31627 211 7 consulted consult VBN 31627 211 8 with with IN 31627 211 9 advantage advantage NN 31627 211 10 is be VBZ 31627 211 11 that that DT 31627 211 12 of of IN 31627 211 13 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 211 14 T. T. NNP 31627 211 15 Mellard Mellard NNP 31627 211 16 Reade Reade NNP 31627 211 17 on on IN 31627 211 18 _ _ NNP 31627 211 19 The the DT 31627 211 20 Origin Origin NNP 31627 211 21 of of IN 31627 211 22 Mountain Mountain NNP 31627 211 23 Ranges Ranges NNP 31627 211 24 _ _ NNP 31627 211 25 ; ; : 31627 211 26 the the DT 31627 211 27 Rev. Rev. NNP 31627 212 1 Osmond Osmond NNP 31627 212 2 Fisher Fisher NNP 31627 212 3 's 's POS 31627 212 4 _ _ NNP 31627 212 5 Physics Physics NNP 31627 212 6 of of IN 31627 212 7 the the DT 31627 212 8 Earth Earth NNP 31627 212 9 _ _ NNP 31627 212 10 ; ; : 31627 212 11 Professor Professor NNP 31627 212 12 G. G. NNP 31627 212 13 H. H. NNP 31627 212 14 Darwin Darwin NNP 31627 212 15 and and CC 31627 212 16 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 212 17 C. C. NNP 31627 212 18 Davison Davison NNP 31627 212 19 on on IN 31627 212 20 " " `` 31627 212 21 The the DT 31627 212 22 Internal Internal NNP 31627 212 23 Tension Tension NNP 31627 212 24 of of IN 31627 212 25 the the DT 31627 212 26 Earth Earth NNP 31627 212 27 's 's POS 31627 212 28 Crust Crust NNP 31627 212 29 , , , 31627 212 30 " " '' 31627 212 31 _ _ NNP 31627 212 32 Philosophical Philosophical NNP 31627 212 33 Transactions Transactions NNPS 31627 212 34 of of IN 31627 212 35 the the DT 31627 212 36 Royal Royal NNP 31627 212 37 Society Society NNP 31627 212 38 _ _ NNP 31627 212 39 , , , 31627 212 40 vol vol NNP 31627 212 41 . . . 31627 213 1 178 178 CD 31627 213 2 ; ; : 31627 213 3 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 213 4 R. R. NNP 31627 213 5 Mallet Mallet NNP 31627 213 6 , , , 31627 213 7 " " `` 31627 213 8 On on IN 31627 213 9 the the DT 31627 213 10 Dynamics Dynamics NNPS 31627 213 11 of of IN 31627 213 12 Earthquakes Earthquakes NNP 31627 213 13 , , , 31627 213 14 " " '' 31627 213 15 _ _ NNP 31627 213 16 Trans Trans NNP 31627 213 17 . . . 31627 214 1 Roy Roy NNP 31627 214 2 . . . 31627 215 1 Irish Irish NNP 31627 215 2 Academy Academy NNP 31627 215 3 _ _ NNP 31627 215 4 , , , 31627 215 5 vol vol NNP 31627 215 6 . . . 31627 216 1 xxi xxi NNP 31627 216 2 . . . 31627 217 1 ; ; : 31627 217 2 Professor Professor NNP 31627 217 3 O'Reilly O'Reilly NNP 31627 217 4 's 's POS 31627 217 5 " " `` 31627 217 6 Catalogues Catalogues NNPS 31627 217 7 of of IN 31627 217 8 Earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 217 9 , , , 31627 217 10 " " '' 31627 217 11 _ _ NNP 31627 217 12 Trans Trans NNP 31627 217 13 . . . 31627 218 1 Roy Roy NNP 31627 218 2 . . . 31627 219 1 Irish Irish NNP 31627 219 2 Academy Academy NNP 31627 219 3 _ _ NNP 31627 219 4 , , , 31627 219 5 vol vol NNP 31627 219 6 . . . 31627 220 1 xxviii xxviii NNP 31627 220 2 . . . 31627 221 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 221 2 1884 1884 CD 31627 221 3 and and CC 31627 221 4 1888 1888 CD 31627 221 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 221 6 ; ; : 31627 221 7 and and CC 31627 221 8 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 221 9 A. A. NNP 31627 221 10 Ent Ent NNP 31627 221 11 . . . 31627 222 1 Gooch Gooch NNP 31627 222 2 _ _ NNP 31627 222 3 On on IN 31627 222 4 the the DT 31627 222 5 Causes Causes NNPS 31627 222 6 of of IN 31627 222 7 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 222 8 Action Action NNP 31627 222 9 _ _ NNP 31627 222 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 222 11 London London NNP 31627 222 12 , , , 31627 222 13 1890 1890 CD 31627 222 14 ) ) -RRB- 31627 222 15 . . . 31627 223 1 These these DT 31627 223 2 and and CC 31627 223 3 other other JJ 31627 223 4 authorities authority NNS 31627 223 5 will will MD 31627 223 6 be be VB 31627 223 7 referred refer VBN 31627 223 8 to to IN 31627 223 9 in in IN 31627 223 10 the the DT 31627 223 11 text text NN 31627 223 12 . . . 31627 224 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 224 2 1 1 LS 31627 224 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 224 4 See see VB 31627 224 5 Julius Julius NNP 31627 224 6 Schwarez Schwarez NNP 31627 224 7 _ _ NNP 31627 224 8 On on IN 31627 224 9 the the DT 31627 224 10 Failure failure NN 31627 224 11 of of IN 31627 224 12 Geological Geological NNP 31627 224 13 Attempts Attempts NNP 31627 224 14 made make VBN 31627 224 15 by by IN 31627 224 16 the the DT 31627 224 17 Greeks Greeks NNPS 31627 224 18 _ _ NNP 31627 224 19 . . . 31627 225 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 225 2 Edition edition NN 31627 225 3 1888 1888 CD 31627 225 4 . . . 31627 225 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 226 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 226 2 2 2 CD 31627 226 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 226 4 " " `` 31627 226 5 Vidi Vidi NNP 31627 226 6 ego ego NN 31627 226 7 , , , 31627 226 8 quod quod NN 31627 226 9 fuerat fuerat NNP 31627 226 10 quondam quondam NNP 31627 226 11 solidissima solidissima NNP 31627 226 12 tellus tellus NNP 31627 226 13 , , , 31627 226 14 Esse Esse NNP 31627 226 15 fretum fretum NN 31627 226 16 . . . 31627 227 1 Vidi Vidi NNP 31627 227 2 factas factas NNP 31627 227 3 ex ex NNP 31627 227 4 æquore æquore NN 31627 227 5 terras terras NNP 31627 227 6 : : : 31627 227 7 Et Et NNP 31627 227 8 procul procul NNS 31627 227 9 à à NNP 31627 227 10 pelago pelago NNP 31627 227 11 conchæ conchæ NNP 31627 227 12 jacuere jacuere NNP 31627 227 13 marinæ marinæ NNP 31627 227 14 ; ; : 31627 227 15 Et Et NNP 31627 227 16 vetus vetus NN 31627 227 17 inventa inventa NNP 31627 227 18 est est NNP 31627 227 19 in in IN 31627 227 20 montibus montibus NNP 31627 227 21 anchora anchora NNP 31627 227 22 sumnis sumnis NNP 31627 227 23 . . . 31627 228 1 Quodque quodque NN 31627 228 2 fuit fuit NN 31627 228 3 campus campus NN 31627 228 4 , , , 31627 228 5 vallem vallem NNP 31627 228 6 de de NNP 31627 228 7 cursus cursus NNP 31627 228 8 aquarum aquarum NNP 31627 228 9 Fecit Fecit NNP 31627 228 10 ; ; : 31627 228 11 et et NN 31627 228 12 eluvie eluvie NN 31627 228 13 mons mon NNS 31627 228 14 est est VBD 31627 228 15 deductus deductus VBP 31627 228 16 in in IN 31627 228 17 æquor æquor NNP 31627 228 18 : : : 31627 228 19 Eque eque VB 31627 228 20 paludosa paludosa NNS 31627 228 21 siccis siccis RB 31627 228 22 humus humus VBP 31627 228 23 aret aret NNP 31627 228 24 arenis arenis NNP 31627 228 25 ; ; : 31627 228 26 Quæque Quæque NNP 31627 228 27 sitim sitim NN 31627 228 28 tulerant tulerant NN 31627 228 29 , , , 31627 228 30 stagnata stagnata NNP 31627 228 31 paludibus paludibus NNP 31627 228 32 hument hument NNP 31627 228 33 . . . 31627 229 1 Hic Hic NNP 31627 229 2 fontes fonte VBZ 31627 229 3 Natura Natura NNP 31627 229 4 novos novos JJ 31627 229 5 emissit emissit NN 31627 229 6 , , , 31627 229 7 at at IN 31627 229 8 illuc illuc NNP 31627 229 9 Clausit Clausit NNP 31627 229 10 : : : 31627 229 11 et et NNP 31627 229 12 antiquis antiquis NNP 31627 229 13 concussa concussa NNP 31627 229 14 tremoribus tremoribus NNP 31627 229 15 orbis orbis NNP 31627 229 16 Fulmina Fulmina NNP 31627 229 17 prosiliunt prosiliunt NN 31627 229 18 .... .... NFP 31627 229 19 " " '' 31627 229 20 --Lib --Lib : 31627 229 21 . . . 31627 230 1 xv xv NNP 31627 230 2 . . . 31627 231 1 262 262 CD 31627 231 2 . . . 31627 232 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 232 2 3 3 CD 31627 232 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 232 4 " " `` 31627 232 5 Nec Nec NNP 31627 232 6 , , , 31627 232 7 quæ quæ NNP 31627 232 8 sulfureis sulfureis NNP 31627 232 9 ardet ardet NNP 31627 232 10 fornacibus fornacibus NN 31627 232 11 , , , 31627 232 12 Ætne Ætne NNP 31627 232 13 Ignea Ignea NNP 31627 232 14 semper semper NN 31627 232 15 erit erit NN 31627 232 16 ; ; , 31627 232 17 neque neque NNP 31627 232 18 enim enim NNP 31627 232 19 fuit fuit NNP 31627 232 20 ignea ignea NNP 31627 232 21 semper semper NNP 31627 232 22 . . . 31627 233 1 Nam nam JJ 31627 233 2 , , , 31627 233 3 sive sive JJ 31627 233 4 est e JJS 31627 233 5 animal animal NN 31627 233 6 tellus tellus NN 31627 233 7 , , , 31627 233 8 et et NNP 31627 233 9 vivit vivit NNP 31627 233 10 , , , 31627 233 11 habetque habetque NNP 31627 233 12 Spiramenta Spiramenta NNP 31627 233 13 locis locis NNP 31627 233 14 flammam flammam NN 31627 233 15 exhalantia exhalantia NNP 31627 233 16 multis multis NN 31627 233 17 ; ; : 31627 233 18 Spirandi Spirandi NNP 31627 233 19 mutare mutare NNP 31627 233 20 vias vias NNP 31627 233 21 , , , 31627 233 22 quotiesque quotiesque NNP 31627 233 23 movetur movetur NNP 31627 233 24 , , , 31627 233 25 Has have VBZ 31627 233 26 finire finire NN 31627 233 27 potest potest NNP 31627 233 28 , , , 31627 233 29 illas illa NNS 31627 233 30 aperire aperire VBP 31627 233 31 cavernas caverna NNS 31627 233 32 : : : 31627 233 33 Sive sive JJ 31627 233 34 leves leve NNS 31627 233 35 imis imis NNP 31627 233 36 venti venti NNP 31627 233 37 cohibentur cohibentur NNP 31627 233 38 in in IN 31627 233 39 antris antris NNP 31627 233 40 ; ; : 31627 233 41 Saxaque Saxaque NNP 31627 233 42 cum cum NNP 31627 233 43 saxis saxis NNP 31627 233 44 .... .... . 31627 233 45 " " '' 31627 233 46 --_Ibid --_ibid ADD 31627 233 47 . . . 31627 233 48 _ _ NNP 31627 233 49 , , , 31627 233 50 340 340 CD 31627 233 51 . . . 31627 234 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 234 2 4 4 CD 31627 234 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 234 4 Strabo Strabo NNP 31627 234 5 , , , 31627 234 6 lib lib NNP 31627 234 7 . . . 31627 235 1 vi vi NNP 31627 235 2 . . . 31627 236 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 236 2 5 5 CD 31627 236 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 236 4 Tacitus Tacitus NNP 31627 236 5 , , , 31627 236 6 lib lib NNP 31627 236 7 . . . 31627 237 1 vi vi NNP 31627 237 2 . . . 31627 238 1 16 16 CD 31627 238 2 , , , 31627 238 3 20 20 CD 31627 238 4 . . . 31627 239 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 239 2 6 6 CD 31627 239 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 239 4 _ _ NNP 31627 239 5 Principles Principles NNPS 31627 239 6 of of IN 31627 239 7 Geology Geology NNP 31627 239 8 _ _ NNP 31627 239 9 , , , 31627 239 10 11th 11th JJ 31627 239 11 edition edition NN 31627 239 12 , , , 31627 239 13 vol vol NNP 31627 239 14 . . . 31627 240 1 i. i. NNP 31627 240 2 , , , 31627 240 3 ch ch NNP 31627 240 4 . . . 31627 241 1 3 3 LS 31627 241 2 . . . 31627 242 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 242 2 7 7 CD 31627 242 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 242 4 2 2 CD 31627 242 5 vols vol NNS 31627 242 6 . . . 31627 242 7 , , , 31627 242 8 Edin Edin NNP 31627 242 9 . . . 31627 243 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 243 2 1795 1795 CD 31627 243 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 243 4 . . . 31627 244 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 244 2 8 8 CD 31627 244 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 244 4 Edin Edin NNP 31627 244 5 . . . 31627 245 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 245 2 1802 1802 CD 31627 245 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 245 4 . . . 31627 246 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 246 2 9 9 CD 31627 246 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 246 4 A a DT 31627 246 5 more more RBR 31627 246 6 extended extended JJ 31627 246 7 list list NN 31627 246 8 of of IN 31627 246 9 early early JJ 31627 246 10 works work NNS 31627 246 11 will will MD 31627 246 12 be be VB 31627 246 13 found find VBN 31627 246 14 in in IN 31627 246 15 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 246 16 's 's POS 31627 246 17 _ _ NNP 31627 246 18 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 246 19 _ _ NNP 31627 246 20 ( ( -LRB- 31627 246 21 1848 1848 CD 31627 246 22 ) ) -RRB- 31627 246 23 . . . 31627 247 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 247 2 10 10 CD 31627 247 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 247 4 11th 11th JJ 31627 247 5 edition edition NN 31627 247 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 247 7 1872 1872 CD 31627 247 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 247 9 . . . 31627 248 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 248 2 11 11 CD 31627 248 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 248 4 4th 4th JJ 31627 248 5 edition edition NN 31627 248 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 248 7 1888 1888 CD 31627 248 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 248 9 . . . 31627 249 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 249 2 12 12 CD 31627 249 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 249 4 " " `` 31627 249 5 The the DT 31627 249 6 History history NN 31627 249 7 of of IN 31627 249 8 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 249 9 Action Action NNP 31627 249 10 during during IN 31627 249 11 the the DT 31627 249 12 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 249 13 Period Period NNP 31627 249 14 in in IN 31627 249 15 the the DT 31627 249 16 British british JJ 31627 249 17 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 249 18 , , , 31627 249 19 " " `` 31627 249 20 _ _ NNP 31627 249 21 Trans Trans NNP 31627 249 22 . . . 31627 250 1 Roy Roy NNP 31627 250 2 . . . 31627 251 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 251 2 . . NNP 31627 251 3 , , , 31627 251 4 Edin Edin NNP 31627 251 5 . . . 31627 251 6 _ _ NNP 31627 251 7 Vol Vol NNP 31627 251 8 . . . 31627 252 1 xxxv xxxv NNP 31627 252 2 , , , 31627 252 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 252 4 1888 1888 CD 31627 252 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 252 6 . . . 31627 253 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 253 2 II II NNP 31627 253 3 . . . 31627 254 1 FORM FORM NNP 31627 254 2 , , , 31627 254 3 STRUCTURE STRUCTURE NNP 31627 254 4 , , , 31627 254 5 AND and CC 31627 254 6 COMPOSITION composition NN 31627 254 7 OF of IN 31627 254 8 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 254 9 MOUNTAINS MOUNTAINS NNP 31627 254 10 . . . 31627 255 1 The the DT 31627 255 2 conical conical JJ 31627 255 3 form form NN 31627 255 4 of of IN 31627 255 5 a a DT 31627 255 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 255 7 mountain mountain NN 31627 255 8 is be VBZ 31627 255 9 so so RB 31627 255 10 generally generally RB 31627 255 11 recognised recognise VBN 31627 255 12 , , , 31627 255 13 that that IN 31627 255 14 many many JJ 31627 255 15 persons person NNS 31627 255 16 who who WP 31627 255 17 have have VBP 31627 255 18 no no DT 31627 255 19 intelligent intelligent JJ 31627 255 20 acquaintance acquaintance NN 31627 255 21 with with IN 31627 255 22 geological geological JJ 31627 255 23 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 255 24 are be VBP 31627 255 25 in in IN 31627 255 26 the the DT 31627 255 27 habit habit NN 31627 255 28 of of IN 31627 255 29 attributing attribute VBG 31627 255 30 to to IN 31627 255 31 all all DT 31627 255 32 mountains mountain NNS 31627 255 33 having have VBG 31627 255 34 a a DT 31627 255 35 conical conical JJ 31627 255 36 form form NN 31627 255 37 , , , 31627 255 38 and and CC 31627 255 39 especially especially RB 31627 255 40 if if IN 31627 255 41 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 255 42 by by IN 31627 255 43 a a DT 31627 255 44 truncated truncate VBN 31627 255 45 apex apex NN 31627 255 46 , , , 31627 255 47 a a DT 31627 255 48 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 255 49 origin origin NN 31627 255 50 . . . 31627 256 1 Yet yet CC 31627 256 2 this this DT 31627 256 3 is be VBZ 31627 256 4 very very RB 31627 256 5 far far RB 31627 256 6 from from IN 31627 256 7 being be VBG 31627 256 8 the the DT 31627 256 9 fact fact NN 31627 256 10 , , , 31627 256 11 as as IN 31627 256 12 some some DT 31627 256 13 varieties variety NNS 31627 256 14 of of IN 31627 256 15 rock rock NN 31627 256 16 , , , 31627 256 17 such such JJ 31627 256 18 as as IN 31627 256 19 quartzite quartzite NN 31627 256 20 , , , 31627 256 21 not not RB 31627 256 22 unfrequently unfrequently RB 31627 256 23 assume assume VBP 31627 256 24 this this DT 31627 256 25 shape shape NN 31627 256 26 . . . 31627 257 1 Of of IN 31627 257 2 such such JJ 31627 257 3 we -PRON- PRP 31627 257 4 have have VBP 31627 257 5 an an DT 31627 257 6 example example NN 31627 257 7 in in IN 31627 257 8 the the DT 31627 257 9 case case NN 31627 257 10 of of IN 31627 257 11 Errigal Errigal NNP 31627 257 12 , , , 31627 257 13 a a DT 31627 257 14 quartzite quartzite JJ 31627 257 15 mountain mountain NN 31627 257 16 in in IN 31627 257 17 Donegal Donegal NNP 31627 257 18 , , , 31627 257 19 nearly nearly RB 31627 257 20 3000 3000 CD 31627 257 21 feet foot NNS 31627 257 22 high high JJ 31627 257 23 , , , 31627 257 24 which which WDT 31627 257 25 bears bear VBZ 31627 257 26 a a DT 31627 257 27 very very RB 31627 257 28 near near JJ 31627 257 29 approach approach NN 31627 257 30 in in IN 31627 257 31 form form NN 31627 257 32 to to IN 31627 257 33 a a DT 31627 257 34 perfect perfect JJ 31627 257 35 cone cone NN 31627 257 36 or or CC 31627 257 37 pyramid pyramid NN 31627 257 38 , , , 31627 257 39 and and CC 31627 257 40 yet yet RB 31627 257 41 is be VBZ 31627 257 42 in in IN 31627 257 43 no no DT 31627 257 44 way way NN 31627 257 45 connected connect VBN 31627 257 46 , , , 31627 257 47 as as IN 31627 257 48 regards regard VBZ 31627 257 49 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 257 50 origin origin NN 31627 257 51 or or CC 31627 257 52 structure structure NN 31627 257 53 , , , 31627 257 54 with with IN 31627 257 55 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 257 56 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 257 57 . . . 31627 258 1 Another another DT 31627 258 2 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 258 3 instance instance NN 31627 258 4 is be VBZ 31627 258 5 that that DT 31627 258 6 of of IN 31627 258 7 Schehallion Schehallion NNP 31627 258 8 in in IN 31627 258 9 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 258 10 , , , 31627 258 11 also also RB 31627 258 12 composed compose VBN 31627 258 13 of of IN 31627 258 14 quartz quartz NN 31627 258 15 - - HYPH 31627 258 16 rock rock NN 31627 258 17 ; ; : 31627 258 18 and and CC 31627 258 19 others other NNS 31627 258 20 may may MD 31627 258 21 be be VB 31627 258 22 found find VBN 31627 258 23 amongst amongst IN 31627 258 24 the the DT 31627 258 25 ranges range NNS 31627 258 26 of of IN 31627 258 27 Islay Islay NNP 31627 258 28 and and CC 31627 258 29 Jura Jura NNP 31627 258 30 , , , 31627 258 31 described describe VBN 31627 258 32 by by IN 31627 258 33 Sir Sir NNP 31627 258 34 A. A. NNP 31627 259 1 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 259 2 . . . 31627 260 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 260 2 1 1 LS 31627 260 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 260 4 Notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 31627 260 5 , , , 31627 260 6 however however RB 31627 260 7 , , , 31627 260 8 such such JJ 31627 260 9 exceptions exception NNS 31627 260 10 , , , 31627 260 11 which which WDT 31627 260 12 might may MD 31627 260 13 be be VB 31627 260 14 greatly greatly RB 31627 260 15 multiplied multiply VBN 31627 260 16 , , , 31627 260 17 the the DT 31627 260 18 majority majority NN 31627 260 19 of of IN 31627 260 20 cone cone NN 31627 260 21 - - HYPH 31627 260 22 shaped shape VBN 31627 260 23 mountains mountain NNS 31627 260 24 over over IN 31627 260 25 the the DT 31627 260 26 globe globe NN 31627 260 27 have have VBP 31627 260 28 a a DT 31627 260 29 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 260 30 origin origin NN 31627 260 31 . . . 31627 261 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 261 2 2 2 LS 31627 261 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 261 4 The the DT 31627 261 5 origin origin NN 31627 261 6 of of IN 31627 261 7 this this DT 31627 261 8 form form NN 31627 261 9 in in IN 31627 261 10 each each DT 31627 261 11 case case NN 31627 261 12 is be VBZ 31627 261 13 entirely entirely RB 31627 261 14 distinct distinct JJ 31627 261 15 . . . 31627 262 1 In in IN 31627 262 2 the the DT 31627 262 3 case case NN 31627 262 4 of of IN 31627 262 5 quartzite quartzite JJ 31627 262 6 mountains mountain NNS 31627 262 7 , , , 31627 262 8 the the DT 31627 262 9 conical conical JJ 31627 262 10 form form NN 31627 262 11 is be VBZ 31627 262 12 due due JJ 31627 262 13 to to IN 31627 262 14 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 31627 262 15 influences influence NNS 31627 262 16 acting act VBG 31627 262 17 on on IN 31627 262 18 a a DT 31627 262 19 rock rock NN 31627 262 20 of of IN 31627 262 21 uniform uniform JJ 31627 262 22 composition composition NN 31627 262 23 , , , 31627 262 24 traversed traverse VBN 31627 262 25 by by IN 31627 262 26 numerous numerous JJ 31627 262 27 joints joint NNS 31627 262 28 and and CC 31627 262 29 fissures fissure NNS 31627 262 30 crossing cross VBG 31627 262 31 each each DT 31627 262 32 other other JJ 31627 262 33 at at IN 31627 262 34 obtuse obtuse JJ 31627 262 35 angles angle NNS 31627 262 36 , , , 31627 262 37 along along IN 31627 262 38 which which WDT 31627 262 39 the the DT 31627 262 40 rock rock NN 31627 262 41 breaks break VBZ 31627 262 42 up up RP 31627 262 43 and and CC 31627 262 44 falls fall VBZ 31627 262 45 away away RB 31627 262 46 , , , 31627 262 47 so so IN 31627 262 48 that that IN 31627 262 49 the the DT 31627 262 50 sides side NNS 31627 262 51 are be VBP 31627 262 52 always always RB 31627 262 53 covered cover VBN 31627 262 54 by by IN 31627 262 55 angular angular JJ 31627 262 56 shingle shingle JJ 31627 262 57 forming form VBG 31627 262 58 slopes slope NNS 31627 262 59 corresponding correspond VBG 31627 262 60 to to IN 31627 262 61 the the DT 31627 262 62 angle angle NN 31627 262 63 of of IN 31627 262 64 friction friction NN 31627 262 65 of of IN 31627 262 66 the the DT 31627 262 67 rock rock NN 31627 262 68 in in IN 31627 262 69 question question NN 31627 262 70 . . . 31627 263 1 In in IN 31627 263 2 the the DT 31627 263 3 case case NN 31627 263 4 of of IN 31627 263 5 a a DT 31627 263 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 263 7 mountain mountain NN 31627 263 8 , , , 31627 263 9 however however RB 31627 263 10 , , , 31627 263 11 the the DT 31627 263 12 same same JJ 31627 263 13 form form NN 31627 263 14 is be VBZ 31627 263 15 due due JJ 31627 263 16 either either CC 31627 263 17 to to IN 31627 263 18 accumulation accumulation NN 31627 263 19 of of IN 31627 263 20 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 263 21 material material NN 31627 263 22 piled pile VBD 31627 263 23 around around IN 31627 263 24 the the DT 31627 263 25 cup cup NN 31627 263 26 - - HYPH 31627 263 27 shaped shape VBN 31627 263 28 hollow hollow JJ 31627 263 29 , , , 31627 263 30 or or CC 31627 263 31 crater crater NN 31627 263 32 , , , 31627 263 33 which which WDT 31627 263 34 is be VBZ 31627 263 35 usually usually RB 31627 263 36 placed place VBN 31627 263 37 at at IN 31627 263 38 the the DT 31627 263 39 apex apex NN 31627 263 40 of of IN 31627 263 41 the the DT 31627 263 42 cone cone NN 31627 263 43 , , , 31627 263 44 and and CC 31627 263 45 owing owe VBG 31627 263 46 to to IN 31627 263 47 which which WDT 31627 263 48 it -PRON- PRP 31627 263 49 is be VBZ 31627 263 50 bluntly bluntly RB 31627 263 51 terminated terminate VBN 31627 263 52 , , , 31627 263 53 or or CC 31627 263 54 else else RB 31627 263 55 to to IN 31627 263 56 the the DT 31627 263 57 welling welling NN 31627 263 58 up up RP 31627 263 59 from from IN 31627 263 60 beneath beneath RB 31627 263 61 of of IN 31627 263 62 viscous viscous JJ 31627 263 63 matter matter NN 31627 263 64 in in IN 31627 263 65 the the DT 31627 263 66 manner manner NN 31627 263 67 presently presently RB 31627 263 68 to to TO 31627 263 69 be be VB 31627 263 70 described describe VBN 31627 263 71 . . . 31627 264 1 _ _ NNP 31627 264 2 Views Views NNP 31627 264 3 of of IN 31627 264 4 Sir Sir NNP 31627 264 5 Humphrey Humphrey NNP 31627 264 6 Davy Davy NNP 31627 264 7 and and CC 31627 264 8 L. L. NNP 31627 264 9 von von NNP 31627 264 10 Buch._--The Buch._--The NNP 31627 264 11 question question NN 31627 264 12 how how WRB 31627 264 13 a a DT 31627 264 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 264 15 cone cone NN 31627 264 16 came come VBD 31627 264 17 to to TO 31627 264 18 be be VB 31627 264 19 formed form VBN 31627 264 20 was be VBD 31627 264 21 not not RB 31627 264 22 settled settle VBN 31627 264 23 without without IN 31627 264 24 a a DT 31627 264 25 long long JJ 31627 264 26 controversy controversy NN 31627 264 27 carried carry VBN 31627 264 28 on on RP 31627 264 29 by by IN 31627 264 30 several several JJ 31627 264 31 naturalists naturalist NNS 31627 264 32 of of IN 31627 264 33 eminence eminence NN 31627 264 34 . . . 31627 265 1 Some some DT 31627 265 2 of of IN 31627 265 3 the the DT 31627 265 4 earlier early JJR 31627 265 5 writers writer NNS 31627 265 6 of of IN 31627 265 7 modern modern JJ 31627 265 8 times time NNS 31627 265 9 on on IN 31627 265 10 the the DT 31627 265 11 subject subject NN 31627 265 12 of of IN 31627 265 13 vulcanicity vulcanicity NN 31627 265 14 -- -- : 31627 265 15 such such JJ 31627 265 16 as as IN 31627 265 17 Sir Sir NNP 31627 265 18 Humphrey Humphrey NNP 31627 265 19 Davy Davy NNP 31627 265 20 and and CC 31627 265 21 Leopold Leopold NNP 31627 265 22 von von NNP 31627 265 23 Buch Buch NNP 31627 265 24 -- -- : 31627 265 25 maintained maintain VBD 31627 265 26 that that IN 31627 265 27 the the DT 31627 265 28 conical conical JJ 31627 265 29 form form NN 31627 265 30 was be VBD 31627 265 31 due due JJ 31627 265 32 to to IN 31627 265 33 upheaval upheaval NN 31627 265 34 by by IN 31627 265 35 a a DT 31627 265 36 force force NN 31627 265 37 acting act VBG 31627 265 38 from from IN 31627 265 39 below below RB 31627 265 40 at at IN 31627 265 41 a a DT 31627 265 42 central central JJ 31627 265 43 focus focus NN 31627 265 44 , , , 31627 265 45 whereby whereby WRB 31627 265 46 the the DT 31627 265 47 materials material NNS 31627 265 48 of of IN 31627 265 49 which which WDT 31627 265 50 the the DT 31627 265 51 mountain mountain NN 31627 265 52 is be VBZ 31627 265 53 formed form VBN 31627 265 54 were be VBD 31627 265 55 forced force VBN 31627 265 56 to to TO 31627 265 57 assume assume VB 31627 265 58 a a DT 31627 265 59 _ _ NNP 31627 265 60 quâ quâ NNP 31627 265 61 - - HYPH 31627 265 62 quâ quâ NNP 31627 265 63 versal versal NN 31627 265 64 _ _ NNP 31627 265 65 position position NN 31627 265 66 -- -- : 31627 265 67 that that RB 31627 265 68 is is RB 31627 265 69 , , , 31627 265 70 a a DT 31627 265 71 position position NN 31627 265 72 in in IN 31627 265 73 which which WDT 31627 265 74 the the DT 31627 265 75 materials material NNS 31627 265 76 dip dip VBP 31627 265 77 away away RB 31627 265 78 from from IN 31627 265 79 the the DT 31627 265 80 central central JJ 31627 265 81 focus focus NN 31627 265 82 in in IN 31627 265 83 every every DT 31627 265 84 direction direction NN 31627 265 85 . . . 31627 266 1 But but CC 31627 266 2 this this DT 31627 266 3 view view NN 31627 266 4 , , , 31627 266 5 originally originally RB 31627 266 6 contested contest VBN 31627 266 7 by by IN 31627 266 8 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 266 9 and and CC 31627 266 10 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 266 11 , , , 31627 266 12 has have VBZ 31627 266 13 now now RB 31627 266 14 been be VBN 31627 266 15 generally generally RB 31627 266 16 abandoned abandon VBN 31627 266 17 . . . 31627 267 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 267 2 will will MD 31627 267 3 be be VB 31627 267 4 seen see VBN 31627 267 5 on on IN 31627 267 6 reflection reflection NN 31627 267 7 that that IN 31627 267 8 if if IN 31627 267 9 a a DT 31627 267 10 series series NN 31627 267 11 of of IN 31627 267 12 strata strata NN 31627 267 13 of of IN 31627 267 14 ashes ashe NNS 31627 267 15 , , , 31627 267 16 tuff tuff NNP 31627 267 17 , , , 31627 267 18 and and CC 31627 267 19 lava lava NN 31627 267 20 , , , 31627 267 21 originally originally RB 31627 267 22 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 267 23 , , , 31627 267 24 or or CC 31627 267 25 nearly nearly RB 31627 267 26 so so RB 31627 267 27 , , , 31627 267 28 were be VBD 31627 267 29 to to TO 31627 267 30 be be VB 31627 267 31 forced force VBN 31627 267 32 upwards upwards RB 31627 267 33 into into IN 31627 267 34 a a DT 31627 267 35 conical conical JJ 31627 267 36 form form NN 31627 267 37 by by IN 31627 267 38 a a DT 31627 267 39 central central JJ 31627 267 40 force force NN 31627 267 41 , , , 31627 267 42 the the DT 31627 267 43 result result NN 31627 267 44 would would MD 31627 267 45 be be VB 31627 267 46 the the DT 31627 267 47 formation formation NN 31627 267 48 of of IN 31627 267 49 a a DT 31627 267 50 series series NN 31627 267 51 of of IN 31627 267 52 radiating radiating NN 31627 267 53 fissures fissure NNS 31627 267 54 ever ever RB 31627 267 55 widening widen VBG 31627 267 56 from from IN 31627 267 57 the the DT 31627 267 58 circumference circumference NN 31627 267 59 towards towards IN 31627 267 60 the the DT 31627 267 61 focus focus NN 31627 267 62 . . . 31627 268 1 In in IN 31627 268 2 the the DT 31627 268 3 case case NN 31627 268 4 of of IN 31627 268 5 a a DT 31627 268 6 large large JJ 31627 268 7 mountain mountain NN 31627 268 8 such such JJ 31627 268 9 fissures fissure NNS 31627 268 10 , , , 31627 268 11 whether whether IN 31627 268 12 filled fill VBN 31627 268 13 with with IN 31627 268 14 lava lava NN 31627 268 15 or or CC 31627 268 16 otherwise otherwise RB 31627 268 17 , , , 31627 268 18 would would MD 31627 268 19 be be VB 31627 268 20 of of IN 31627 268 21 great great JJ 31627 268 22 breadth breadth NN 31627 268 23 towards towards IN 31627 268 24 the the DT 31627 268 25 focus focus NN 31627 268 26 , , , 31627 268 27 or or CC 31627 268 28 central central JJ 31627 268 29 crater crater NN 31627 268 30 , , , 31627 268 31 and and CC 31627 268 32 could could MD 31627 268 33 not not RB 31627 268 34 fail fail VB 31627 268 35 to to TO 31627 268 36 make make VB 31627 268 37 manifest manifest NN 31627 268 38 beyond beyond IN 31627 268 39 dispute dispute VB 31627 268 40 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 268 41 mechanical mechanical JJ 31627 268 42 origin origin NN 31627 268 43 . . . 31627 269 1 But but CC 31627 269 2 no no DT 31627 269 3 fissures fissure NNS 31627 269 4 of of IN 31627 269 5 the the DT 31627 269 6 kind kind NN 31627 269 7 here here RB 31627 269 8 referred refer VBD 31627 269 9 to to TO 31627 269 10 are are VB 31627 269 11 , , , 31627 269 12 as as IN 31627 269 13 a a DT 31627 269 14 matter matter NN 31627 269 15 of of IN 31627 269 16 fact fact NN 31627 269 17 , , , 31627 269 18 to to TO 31627 269 19 be be VB 31627 269 20 observed observe VBN 31627 269 21 . . . 31627 270 1 Those those DT 31627 270 2 which which WDT 31627 270 3 do do VBP 31627 270 4 exist exist VB 31627 270 5 are be VBP 31627 270 6 too too RB 31627 270 7 insignificant insignificant JJ 31627 270 8 and and CC 31627 270 9 too too RB 31627 270 10 irregular irregular JJ 31627 270 11 in in IN 31627 270 12 direction direction NN 31627 270 13 to to TO 31627 270 14 be be VB 31627 270 15 ascribed ascribe VBN 31627 270 16 to to IN 31627 270 17 such such PDT 31627 270 18 an an DT 31627 270 19 origin origin NN 31627 270 20 ; ; : 31627 270 21 so so IN 31627 270 22 that that IN 31627 270 23 the the DT 31627 270 24 views view NNS 31627 270 25 of of IN 31627 270 26 Von Von NNP 31627 270 27 Buch Buch NNP 31627 270 28 and and CC 31627 270 29 Davy Davy NNP 31627 270 30 must must MD 31627 270 31 be be VB 31627 270 32 dismissed dismiss VBN 31627 270 33 , , , 31627 270 34 as as IN 31627 270 35 being be VBG 31627 270 36 unsupported unsupporte VBN 31627 270 37 by by IN 31627 270 38 observation observation NN 31627 270 39 , , , 31627 270 40 and and CC 31627 270 41 as as IN 31627 270 42 untenable untenable JJ 31627 270 43 on on IN 31627 270 44 dynamical dynamical JJ 31627 270 45 grounds ground NNS 31627 270 46 . . . 31627 271 1 As as IN 31627 271 2 a a DT 31627 271 3 matter matter NN 31627 271 4 of of IN 31627 271 5 fact fact NN 31627 271 6 , , , 31627 271 7 the the DT 31627 271 8 " " `` 31627 271 9 elevatory elevatory NN 31627 271 10 theory theory NN 31627 271 11 , , , 31627 271 12 " " '' 31627 271 13 or or CC 31627 271 14 the the DT 31627 271 15 " " `` 31627 271 16 elevation elevation NN 31627 271 17 - - HYPH 31627 271 18 crater crater NN 31627 271 19 theory theory NN 31627 271 20 , , , 31627 271 21 " " '' 31627 271 22 as as IN 31627 271 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 271 24 is be VBZ 31627 271 25 called call VBN 31627 271 26 by by IN 31627 271 27 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 271 28 , , , 31627 271 29 has have VBZ 31627 271 30 been be VBN 31627 271 31 almost almost RB 31627 271 32 universally universally RB 31627 271 33 abandoned abandon VBN 31627 271 34 by by IN 31627 271 35 writers writer NNS 31627 271 36 on on IN 31627 271 37 vulcanicity vulcanicity NN 31627 271 38 . . . 31627 272 1 _ _ NNP 31627 272 2 Principal Principal NNP 31627 272 3 Varieties Varieties NNPS 31627 272 4 of of IN 31627 272 5 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 272 6 Mountains Mountains NNP 31627 272 7 as as IN 31627 272 8 regards regard VBZ 31627 272 9 Form._--But Form._--But NNP 31627 272 10 whilst whilst IN 31627 272 11 rejecting reject VBG 31627 272 12 the the DT 31627 272 13 " " `` 31627 272 14 elevatory elevatory NN 31627 272 15 theory theory NN 31627 272 16 , , , 31627 272 17 " " '' 31627 272 18 it -PRON- PRP 31627 272 19 is be VBZ 31627 272 20 necessary necessary JJ 31627 272 21 to to TO 31627 272 22 bear bear VB 31627 272 23 in in IN 31627 272 24 mind mind NN 31627 272 25 that that IN 31627 272 26 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 272 27 cones cone NNS 31627 272 28 and and CC 31627 272 29 dome dome NN 31627 272 30 - - HYPH 31627 272 31 shaped shape VBN 31627 272 32 elevations elevation NNS 31627 272 33 have have VBP 31627 272 34 been be VBN 31627 272 35 formed form VBN 31627 272 36 in in IN 31627 272 37 several several JJ 31627 272 38 distinct distinct JJ 31627 272 39 ways way NNS 31627 272 40 , , , 31627 272 41 giving give VBG 31627 272 42 rise rise NN 31627 272 43 to to IN 31627 272 44 varieties variety NNS 31627 272 45 of of IN 31627 272 46 structure structure NN 31627 272 47 essentially essentially RB 31627 272 48 different different JJ 31627 272 49 . . . 31627 273 1 Two two CD 31627 273 2 of of IN 31627 273 3 the the DT 31627 273 4 more more RBR 31627 273 5 general general JJ 31627 273 6 of of IN 31627 273 7 these these DT 31627 273 8 varieties variety NNS 31627 273 9 of of IN 31627 273 10 form form NN 31627 273 11 , , , 31627 273 12 the the DT 31627 273 13 crater crater NN 31627 273 14 - - HYPH 31627 273 15 cone cone NN 31627 273 16 and and CC 31627 273 17 the the DT 31627 273 18 dome dome NN 31627 273 19 , , , 31627 273 20 are be VBP 31627 273 21 found find VBN 31627 273 22 in in IN 31627 273 23 some some DT 31627 273 24 districts district NNS 31627 273 25 , , , 31627 273 26 as as IN 31627 273 27 in in IN 31627 273 28 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 273 29 , , , 31627 273 30 side side NN 31627 273 31 by by IN 31627 273 32 side side NN 31627 273 33 . . . 31627 274 1 The the DT 31627 274 2 crater crater NN 31627 274 3 - - HYPH 31627 274 4 cone cone NN 31627 274 5 consists consist VBZ 31627 274 6 of of IN 31627 274 7 beds bed NNS 31627 274 8 or or CC 31627 274 9 sheets sheet NNS 31627 274 10 of of IN 31627 274 11 ashes ashe NNS 31627 274 12 , , , 31627 274 13 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 274 14 , , , 31627 274 15 and and CC 31627 274 16 slag slag NN 31627 274 17 piled pile VBD 31627 274 18 up up RP 31627 274 19 in in IN 31627 274 20 a a DT 31627 274 21 conical conical JJ 31627 274 22 form form NN 31627 274 23 , , , 31627 274 24 with with IN 31627 274 25 a a DT 31627 274 26 central central JJ 31627 274 27 crater crater NN 31627 274 28 ( ( -LRB- 31627 274 29 or or CC 31627 274 30 cup cup NNP 31627 274 31 ) ) -RRB- 31627 274 32 containing contain VBG 31627 274 33 the the DT 31627 274 34 principal principal JJ 31627 274 35 pipe pipe NN 31627 274 36 through through IN 31627 274 37 which which WDT 31627 274 38 these these DT 31627 274 39 materials material NNS 31627 274 40 have have VBP 31627 274 41 been be VBN 31627 274 42 erupted erupt VBN 31627 274 43 ; ; : 31627 274 44 the the DT 31627 274 45 dome dome NN 31627 274 46 , , , 31627 274 47 of of IN 31627 274 48 a a DT 31627 274 49 variety variety NN 31627 274 50 of of IN 31627 274 51 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 274 52 lava lava NN 31627 274 53 , , , 31627 274 54 which which WDT 31627 274 55 has have VBZ 31627 274 56 been be VBN 31627 274 57 extruded extrude VBN 31627 274 58 in in IN 31627 274 59 a a DT 31627 274 60 molten molten NN 31627 274 61 , , , 31627 274 62 or or CC 31627 274 63 viscous viscous JJ 31627 274 64 , , , 31627 274 65 condition condition NN 31627 274 66 from from IN 31627 274 67 a a DT 31627 274 68 central central JJ 31627 274 69 pipe pipe NN 31627 274 70 , , , 31627 274 71 and and CC 31627 274 72 in in IN 31627 274 73 such such JJ 31627 274 74 cases case NNS 31627 274 75 there there EX 31627 274 76 is be VBZ 31627 274 77 no no DT 31627 274 78 distinct distinct JJ 31627 274 79 crater crater NN 31627 274 80 . . . 31627 275 1 There there EX 31627 275 2 are be VBP 31627 275 3 other other JJ 31627 275 4 forms form NNS 31627 275 5 of of IN 31627 275 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 275 7 mountains mountain NNS 31627 275 8 , , , 31627 275 9 such such JJ 31627 275 10 as as IN 31627 275 11 those those DT 31627 275 12 built build VBN 31627 275 13 up up RP 31627 275 14 of of IN 31627 275 15 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 275 16 matter matter NN 31627 275 17 , , , 31627 275 18 of of IN 31627 275 19 which which WDT 31627 275 20 I -PRON- PRP 31627 275 21 shall shall MD 31627 275 22 have have VB 31627 275 23 to to TO 31627 275 24 speak speak VB 31627 275 25 hereafter hereafter RB 31627 275 26 , , , 31627 275 27 but but CC 31627 275 28 the the DT 31627 275 29 two two CD 31627 275 30 former former JJ 31627 275 31 varieties variety NNS 31627 275 32 are be VBP 31627 275 33 the the DT 31627 275 34 most most RBS 31627 275 35 prevalent prevalent JJ 31627 275 36 ; ; : 31627 275 37 and and CC 31627 275 38 we -PRON- PRP 31627 275 39 may may MD 31627 275 40 now now RB 31627 275 41 proceed proceed VB 31627 275 42 to to TO 31627 275 43 consider consider VB 31627 275 44 the the DT 31627 275 45 conditions condition NNS 31627 275 46 under under IN 31627 275 47 which which WDT 31627 275 48 the the DT 31627 275 49 crater crater NN 31627 275 50 - - HYPH 31627 275 51 cone cone NN 31627 275 52 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 275 53 have have VBP 31627 275 54 been be VBN 31627 275 55 formed form VBN 31627 275 56 . . . 31627 276 1 _ _ NNP 31627 276 2 Crateriform Crateriform NNP 31627 276 3 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 276 4 Cones._--Of cones._--of NN 31627 276 5 this this DT 31627 276 6 class class NN 31627 276 7 nearly nearly RB 31627 276 8 all all PDT 31627 276 9 the the DT 31627 276 10 active active JJ 31627 276 11 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 276 12 of of IN 31627 276 13 the the DT 31627 276 14 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 276 15 region region NN 31627 276 16 -- -- : 31627 276 17 Etna Etna NNP 31627 276 18 , , , 31627 276 19 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 276 20 , , , 31627 276 21 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 276 22 , , , 31627 276 23 and and CC 31627 276 24 the the DT 31627 276 25 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 276 26 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 276 27 -- -- : 31627 276 28 may may MD 31627 276 29 be be VB 31627 276 30 considered consider VBN 31627 276 31 as as IN 31627 276 32 representatives representative NNS 31627 276 33 . . . 31627 277 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 277 2 consist consist VBP 31627 277 3 essentially essentially RB 31627 277 4 of of IN 31627 277 5 masses masse NNS 31627 277 6 of of IN 31627 277 7 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 277 8 material material NN 31627 277 9 , , , 31627 277 10 which which WDT 31627 277 11 have have VBP 31627 277 12 from from IN 31627 277 13 time time NN 31627 277 14 to to IN 31627 277 15 time time NN 31627 277 16 been be VBN 31627 277 17 blown blow VBN 31627 277 18 out out IN 31627 277 19 of of IN 31627 277 20 an an DT 31627 277 21 orifice orifice NN 31627 277 22 and and CC 31627 277 23 piled pile VBD 31627 277 24 up up RP 31627 277 25 around around RB 31627 277 26 with with IN 31627 277 27 more more RBR 31627 277 28 or or CC 31627 277 29 less less JJR 31627 277 30 regularity regularity NN 31627 277 31 ( ( -LRB- 31627 277 32 according accord VBG 31627 277 33 to to IN 31627 277 34 the the DT 31627 277 35 force force NN 31627 277 36 exerted exert VBN 31627 277 37 , , , 31627 277 38 and and CC 31627 277 39 direction direction NN 31627 277 40 of of IN 31627 277 41 the the DT 31627 277 42 prevalent prevalent JJ 31627 277 43 winds wind NNS 31627 277 44 ) ) -RRB- 31627 277 45 , , , 31627 277 46 alternating alternate VBG 31627 277 47 with with IN 31627 277 48 sheets sheet NNS 31627 277 49 of of IN 31627 277 50 lava lava NN 31627 277 51 . . . 31627 278 1 In in IN 31627 278 2 this this DT 31627 278 3 way way NN 31627 278 4 mountains mountain VBZ 31627 278 5 several several JJ 31627 278 6 thousand thousand CD 31627 278 7 feet foot NNS 31627 278 8 in in IN 31627 278 9 height height NN 31627 278 10 and and CC 31627 278 11 of of IN 31627 278 12 vast vast JJ 31627 278 13 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 278 14 extent extent NN 31627 278 15 are be VBP 31627 278 16 formed form VBN 31627 278 17 . . . 31627 279 1 The the DT 31627 279 2 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 279 3 materials material NNS 31627 279 4 thus thus RB 31627 279 5 accumulated accumulate VBN 31627 279 6 are be VBP 31627 279 7 of of IN 31627 279 8 all all DT 31627 279 9 sizes size NNS 31627 279 10 , , , 31627 279 11 from from IN 31627 279 12 the the DT 31627 279 13 finest fine JJS 31627 279 14 dust dust NN 31627 279 15 up up IN 31627 279 16 to to IN 31627 279 17 blocks block VBZ 31627 279 18 many many JJ 31627 279 19 tons ton NNS 31627 279 20 in in IN 31627 279 21 weight weight NN 31627 279 22 , , , 31627 279 23 the the DT 31627 279 24 latter latter JJ 31627 279 25 being be VBG 31627 279 26 naturally naturally RB 31627 279 27 piled pile VBN 31627 279 28 around around RB 31627 279 29 nearest near JJS 31627 279 30 to to IN 31627 279 31 the the DT 31627 279 32 orifice orifice NN 31627 279 33 . . . 31627 280 1 The the DT 31627 280 2 fine fine JJ 31627 280 3 dust dust NN 31627 280 4 , , , 31627 280 5 blown blow VBN 31627 280 6 high high RB 31627 280 7 into into IN 31627 280 8 the the DT 31627 280 9 air air NN 31627 280 10 by by IN 31627 280 11 the the DT 31627 280 12 explosive explosive JJ 31627 280 13 force force NN 31627 280 14 of of IN 31627 280 15 the the DT 31627 280 16 gases gas NNS 31627 280 17 and and CC 31627 280 18 vapours vapour NNS 31627 280 19 , , , 31627 280 20 is be VBZ 31627 280 21 often often RB 31627 280 22 carried carry VBN 31627 280 23 to to IN 31627 280 24 great great JJ 31627 280 25 distances distance NNS 31627 280 26 by by IN 31627 280 27 the the DT 31627 280 28 prevalent prevalent JJ 31627 280 29 winds wind NNS 31627 280 30 . . . 31627 281 1 Thus thus RB 31627 281 2 during during IN 31627 281 3 the the DT 31627 281 4 eruption eruption NN 31627 281 5 of of IN 31627 281 6 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 281 7 in in IN 31627 281 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 31627 281 9 472 472 CD 31627 281 10 showers shower NNS 31627 281 11 of of IN 31627 281 12 ashes ashe NNS 31627 281 13 , , , 31627 281 14 carried carry VBN 31627 281 15 high high RB 31627 281 16 into into IN 31627 281 17 the the DT 31627 281 18 air air NN 31627 281 19 by by IN 31627 281 20 the the DT 31627 281 21 westerly westerly JJ 31627 281 22 wind wind NN 31627 281 23 , , , 31627 281 24 fell fall VBD 31627 281 25 over over IN 31627 281 26 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 31627 281 27 at at IN 31627 281 28 a a DT 31627 281 29 distance distance NN 31627 281 30 of of IN 31627 281 31 750 750 CD 31627 281 32 miles mile NNS 31627 281 33 . . . 31627 282 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 282 2 3 3 LS 31627 282 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 282 4 These these DT 31627 282 5 loose loose JJ 31627 282 6 , , , 31627 282 7 or or CC 31627 282 8 partially partially RB 31627 282 9 consolidated consolidated JJ 31627 282 10 , , , 31627 282 11 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 282 12 materials material NNS 31627 282 13 are be VBP 31627 282 14 rudely rudely RB 31627 282 15 stratified stratified JJ 31627 282 16 , , , 31627 282 17 and and CC 31627 282 18 slope slope NN 31627 282 19 downwards downwards RB 31627 282 20 and and CC 31627 282 21 outwards outward NNS 31627 282 22 from from IN 31627 282 23 the the DT 31627 282 24 edge edge NN 31627 282 25 of of IN 31627 282 26 the the DT 31627 282 27 crater crater NN 31627 282 28 , , , 31627 282 29 so so IN 31627 282 30 as as IN 31627 282 31 to to TO 31627 282 32 present present VB 31627 282 33 the the DT 31627 282 34 appearance appearance NN 31627 282 35 of of IN 31627 282 36 what what WP 31627 282 37 is be VBZ 31627 282 38 known know VBN 31627 282 39 as as IN 31627 282 40 " " `` 31627 282 41 the the DT 31627 282 42 dip dip NN 31627 282 43 " " '' 31627 282 44 of of IN 31627 282 45 stratified stratified JJ 31627 282 46 deposits deposit NNS 31627 282 47 which which WDT 31627 282 48 have have VBP 31627 282 49 been be VBN 31627 282 50 upraised upraise VBN 31627 282 51 from from IN 31627 282 52 the the DT 31627 282 53 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 282 54 position position NN 31627 282 55 by by IN 31627 282 56 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 282 57 forces force NNS 31627 282 58 . . . 31627 283 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 283 2 was be VBD 31627 283 3 this this DT 31627 283 4 excentrical excentrical JJ 31627 283 5 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 283 6 which which WDT 31627 283 7 gave give VBD 31627 283 8 rise rise NN 31627 283 9 to to IN 31627 283 10 the the DT 31627 283 11 supposition supposition NN 31627 283 12 that that IN 31627 283 13 such such JJ 31627 283 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 283 15 ash ash NN 31627 283 16 - - HYPH 31627 283 17 beds bed NNS 31627 283 18 had have VBD 31627 283 19 been be VBN 31627 283 20 tilted tilt VBN 31627 283 21 up up RP 31627 283 22 by by IN 31627 283 23 a a DT 31627 283 24 force force NN 31627 283 25 acting act VBG 31627 283 26 in in IN 31627 283 27 the the DT 31627 283 28 direction direction NN 31627 283 29 of of IN 31627 283 30 the the DT 31627 283 31 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 283 32 throat throat NN 31627 283 33 , , , 31627 283 34 or or CC 31627 283 35 orifice orifice NN 31627 283 36 of of IN 31627 283 37 eruption eruption NN 31627 283 38 . . . 31627 284 1 The the DT 31627 284 2 interior interior JJ 31627 284 3 wall wall NN 31627 284 4 of of IN 31627 284 5 Monte Monte NNP 31627 284 6 di di NNP 31627 284 7 Somma Somma NNP 31627 284 8 , , , 31627 284 9 the the DT 31627 284 10 original original JJ 31627 284 11 crater crater NN 31627 284 12 of of IN 31627 284 13 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 284 14 , , , 31627 284 15 presents present VBZ 31627 284 16 a a DT 31627 284 17 good good JJ 31627 284 18 illustration illustration NN 31627 284 19 of of IN 31627 284 20 such such JJ 31627 284 21 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 284 22 beds bed NNS 31627 284 23 . . . 31627 285 1 I -PRON- PRP 31627 285 2 shall shall MD 31627 285 3 have have VB 31627 285 4 occasion occasion NN 31627 285 5 further further RB 31627 285 6 on on RB 31627 285 7 to to TO 31627 285 8 describe describe VB 31627 285 9 more more RBR 31627 285 10 fully fully RB 31627 285 11 the the DT 31627 285 12 structure structure NN 31627 285 13 of of IN 31627 285 14 this this DT 31627 285 15 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 285 16 mountain mountain NN 31627 285 17 ; ; : 31627 285 18 so so IN 31627 285 19 that that IN 31627 285 20 it -PRON- PRP 31627 285 21 will will MD 31627 285 22 suffice suffice VB 31627 285 23 to to TO 31627 285 24 say say VB 31627 285 25 here here RB 31627 285 26 that that IN 31627 285 27 this this DT 31627 285 28 old old JJ 31627 285 29 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 31627 285 30 crater crater NN 31627 285 31 , , , 31627 285 32 the the DT 31627 285 33 walls wall NNS 31627 285 34 of of IN 31627 285 35 which which WDT 31627 285 36 enclose enclose VBP 31627 285 37 the the DT 31627 285 38 modern modern JJ 31627 285 39 cone cone NN 31627 285 40 of of IN 31627 285 41 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 285 42 , , , 31627 285 43 is be VBZ 31627 285 44 seen see VBN 31627 285 45 to to TO 31627 285 46 be be VB 31627 285 47 formed form VBN 31627 285 48 of of IN 31627 285 49 irregular irregular JJ 31627 285 50 beds bed NNS 31627 285 51 of of IN 31627 285 52 ash ash NN 31627 285 53 , , , 31627 285 54 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 285 55 , , , 31627 285 56 and and CC 31627 285 57 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 285 58 masses masse NNS 31627 285 59 , , , 31627 285 60 traversed traverse VBN 31627 285 61 by by IN 31627 285 62 numerous numerous JJ 31627 285 63 dykes dyke NNS 31627 285 64 of of IN 31627 285 65 lava lava NN 31627 285 66 , , , 31627 285 67 and and CC 31627 285 68 sloping slope VBG 31627 285 69 away away RB 31627 285 70 outwards outward NNS 31627 285 71 towards towards IN 31627 285 72 the the DT 31627 285 73 surrounding surround VBG 31627 285 74 plains plain NNS 31627 285 75 . . . 31627 286 1 Of of IN 31627 286 2 similar similar JJ 31627 286 3 materials material NNS 31627 286 4 are be VBP 31627 286 5 the the DT 31627 286 6 flanks flank NNS 31627 286 7 of of IN 31627 286 8 Etna Etna NNP 31627 286 9 composed compose VBD 31627 286 10 , , , 31627 286 11 even even RB 31627 286 12 at at IN 31627 286 13 great great JJ 31627 286 14 distances distance NNS 31627 286 15 from from IN 31627 286 16 the the DT 31627 286 17 central central JJ 31627 286 18 crater crater NN 31627 286 19 ; ; : 31627 286 20 the the DT 31627 286 21 beds bed NNS 31627 286 22 of of IN 31627 286 23 ash ash NN 31627 286 24 and and CC 31627 286 25 agglomerate agglomerate NN 31627 286 26 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 286 27 alternating alternate VBG 31627 286 28 with with IN 31627 286 29 sheets sheet NNS 31627 286 30 of of IN 31627 286 31 solidified solidify VBN 31627 286 32 lava lava NN 31627 286 33 and and CC 31627 286 34 traversed traverse VBN 31627 286 35 by by IN 31627 286 36 dykes dyke NNS 31627 286 37 of of IN 31627 286 38 similar similar JJ 31627 286 39 material material NN 31627 286 40 of of IN 31627 286 41 later later JJ 31627 286 42 date date NN 31627 286 43 , , , 31627 286 44 injected inject VBN 31627 286 45 from from IN 31627 286 46 below below RB 31627 286 47 through through IN 31627 286 48 fissures fissure NNS 31627 286 49 formed form VBN 31627 286 50 during during IN 31627 286 51 periods period NNS 31627 286 52 of of IN 31627 286 53 eruptive eruptive JJ 31627 286 54 energy energy NN 31627 286 55 . . . 31627 287 1 Numerous numerous JJ 31627 287 2 similar similar JJ 31627 287 3 examples example NNS 31627 287 4 are be VBP 31627 287 5 to to TO 31627 287 6 be be VB 31627 287 7 observed observe VBN 31627 287 8 in in IN 31627 287 9 the the DT 31627 287 10 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 287 11 region region NN 31627 287 12 of of IN 31627 287 13 Central Central NNP 31627 287 14 France France NNP 31627 287 15 and and CC 31627 287 16 the the DT 31627 287 17 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 287 18 . . . 31627 288 1 And and CC 31627 288 2 here here RB 31627 288 3 we -PRON- PRP 31627 288 4 find find VBP 31627 288 5 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 288 6 cases case NNS 31627 288 7 of of IN 31627 288 8 " " `` 31627 288 9 breached breach VBN 31627 288 10 cones cone NNS 31627 288 11 , , , 31627 288 12 " " `` 31627 288 13 or or CC 31627 288 14 craters crater NNS 31627 288 15 , , , 31627 288 16 which which WDT 31627 288 17 will will MD 31627 288 18 require require VB 31627 288 19 some some DT 31627 288 20 special special JJ 31627 288 21 description description NN 31627 288 22 . . . 31627 289 1 Standing stand VBG 31627 289 2 on on IN 31627 289 3 the the DT 31627 289 4 summit summit NN 31627 289 5 of of IN 31627 289 6 the the DT 31627 289 7 Puy Puy NNP 31627 289 8 de de NNP 31627 289 9 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 289 10 , , , 31627 289 11 and and CC 31627 289 12 looking look VBG 31627 289 13 northwards northward NNS 31627 289 14 or or CC 31627 289 15 southwards southward NNS 31627 289 16 , , , 31627 289 17 the the DT 31627 289 18 eye eye NN 31627 289 19 wanders wander VBZ 31627 289 20 over over IN 31627 289 21 a a DT 31627 289 22 tract tract NN 31627 289 23 formed form VBN 31627 289 24 of of IN 31627 289 25 dome dome NN 31627 289 26 - - HYPH 31627 289 27 shaped shape VBN 31627 289 28 hills hill NNS 31627 289 29 and and CC 31627 289 30 of of IN 31627 289 31 extinct extinct JJ 31627 289 32 crater crater NNP 31627 289 33 - - HYPH 31627 289 34 cones cone NNS 31627 289 35 rising rise VBG 31627 289 36 from from IN 31627 289 37 a a DT 31627 289 38 granitic granitic JJ 31627 289 39 platform platform NN 31627 289 40 . . . 31627 290 1 But but CC 31627 290 2 what what WP 31627 290 3 is be VBZ 31627 290 4 most most RBS 31627 290 5 peculiar peculiar JJ 31627 290 6 in in IN 31627 290 7 the the DT 31627 290 8 scene scene NN 31627 290 9 is be VBZ 31627 290 10 the the DT 31627 290 11 ruptured ruptured JJ 31627 290 12 condition condition NN 31627 290 13 of of IN 31627 290 14 a a DT 31627 290 15 large large JJ 31627 290 16 number number NN 31627 290 17 of of IN 31627 290 18 the the DT 31627 290 19 cones cone NNS 31627 290 20 with with IN 31627 290 21 craters crater NNS 31627 290 22 . . . 31627 291 1 In in IN 31627 291 2 such such JJ 31627 291 3 cases case NNS 31627 291 4 the the DT 31627 291 5 wall wall NN 31627 291 6 of of IN 31627 291 7 the the DT 31627 291 8 crater crater NN 31627 291 9 has have VBZ 31627 291 10 been be VBN 31627 291 11 broken break VBN 31627 291 12 down down RP 31627 291 13 on on IN 31627 291 14 one one CD 31627 291 15 side side NN 31627 291 16 , , , 31627 291 17 and and CC 31627 291 18 we -PRON- PRP 31627 291 19 observe observe VBP 31627 291 20 that that IN 31627 291 21 a a DT 31627 291 22 stream stream NN 31627 291 23 of of IN 31627 291 24 lava lava NN 31627 291 25 has have VBZ 31627 291 26 been be VBN 31627 291 27 poured pour VBN 31627 291 28 out out RP 31627 291 29 through through IN 31627 291 30 the the DT 31627 291 31 breach breach NN 31627 291 32 and and CC 31627 291 33 overflowed overflow VBD 31627 291 34 the the DT 31627 291 35 plain plain NN 31627 291 36 below below RB 31627 291 37 . . . 31627 292 1 The the DT 31627 292 2 cause cause NN 31627 292 3 of of IN 31627 292 4 this this DT 31627 292 5 breached breach VBN 31627 292 6 form form NN 31627 292 7 is be VBZ 31627 292 8 sufficiently sufficiently RB 31627 292 9 obvious obvious JJ 31627 292 10 . . . 31627 293 1 In in IN 31627 293 2 such such JJ 31627 293 3 cases case NNS 31627 293 4 there there EX 31627 293 5 has have VBZ 31627 293 6 been be VBN 31627 293 7 an an DT 31627 293 8 explosion explosion NN 31627 293 9 of of IN 31627 293 10 ashes ashe NNS 31627 293 11 , , , 31627 293 12 stones stone NNS 31627 293 13 , , , 31627 293 14 and and CC 31627 293 15 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 293 16 from from IN 31627 293 17 the the DT 31627 293 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 293 19 throat throat NN 31627 293 20 , , , 31627 293 21 by by IN 31627 293 22 which which WDT 31627 293 23 a a DT 31627 293 24 cone cone NN 31627 293 25 - - HYPH 31627 293 26 shaped shape VBN 31627 293 27 hill hill NN 31627 293 28 with with IN 31627 293 29 a a DT 31627 293 30 crater crater NN 31627 293 31 has have VBZ 31627 293 32 been be VBN 31627 293 33 built build VBN 31627 293 34 up up RP 31627 293 35 . . . 31627 294 1 This this DT 31627 294 2 has have VBZ 31627 294 3 been be VBN 31627 294 4 followed follow VBN 31627 294 5 by by IN 31627 294 6 molten molten JJ 31627 294 7 lava lava NN 31627 294 8 welling well VBG 31627 294 9 up up RP 31627 294 10 through through IN 31627 294 11 the the DT 31627 294 12 throat throat NN 31627 294 13 , , , 31627 294 14 and and CC 31627 294 15 gradually gradually RB 31627 294 16 filling fill VBG 31627 294 17 the the DT 31627 294 18 crater crater NN 31627 294 19 . . . 31627 295 1 But but CC 31627 295 2 , , , 31627 295 3 as as IN 31627 295 4 the the DT 31627 295 5 lava lava NN 31627 295 6 is be VBZ 31627 295 7 much much RB 31627 295 8 more more RBR 31627 295 9 dense dense JJ 31627 295 10 than than IN 31627 295 11 the the DT 31627 295 12 material material NN 31627 295 13 of of IN 31627 295 14 which which WDT 31627 295 15 the the DT 31627 295 16 crater crater NNP 31627 295 17 wall wall NN 31627 295 18 is be VBZ 31627 295 19 composed compose VBN 31627 295 20 , , , 31627 295 21 the the DT 31627 295 22 pressure pressure NN 31627 295 23 of of IN 31627 295 24 the the DT 31627 295 25 lava lava NN 31627 295 26 outwards outward NNS 31627 295 27 has have VBZ 31627 295 28 become become VBN 31627 295 29 too too RB 31627 295 30 great great JJ 31627 295 31 for for IN 31627 295 32 the the DT 31627 295 33 resistance resistance NN 31627 295 34 of of IN 31627 295 35 the the DT 31627 295 36 wall wall NN 31627 295 37 , , , 31627 295 38 which which WDT 31627 295 39 consequently consequently RB 31627 295 40 has have VBZ 31627 295 41 given give VBN 31627 295 42 way way NN 31627 295 43 at at IN 31627 295 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 295 45 weakest weak JJS 31627 295 46 part part NN 31627 295 47 and and CC 31627 295 48 , , , 31627 295 49 a a DT 31627 295 50 breach breach NN 31627 295 51 being be VBG 31627 295 52 formed form VBN 31627 295 53 , , , 31627 295 54 the the DT 31627 295 55 molten molten JJ 31627 295 56 matter matter NN 31627 295 57 has have VBZ 31627 295 58 flowed flow VBN 31627 295 59 out out RP 31627 295 60 in in IN 31627 295 61 a a DT 31627 295 62 stream stream NN 31627 295 63 which which WDT 31627 295 64 has have VBZ 31627 295 65 inundated inundate VBN 31627 295 66 the the DT 31627 295 67 country country NN 31627 295 68 lying lie VBG 31627 295 69 at at IN 31627 295 70 the the DT 31627 295 71 base base NN 31627 295 72 of of IN 31627 295 73 the the DT 31627 295 74 cone cone NN 31627 295 75 . . . 31627 296 1 In in IN 31627 296 2 one one CD 31627 296 3 instance instance NN 31627 296 4 mentioned mention VBN 31627 296 5 by by IN 31627 296 6 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 296 7 , , , 31627 296 8 the the DT 31627 296 9 original original JJ 31627 296 10 upper upper JJ 31627 296 11 limit limit NN 31627 296 12 of of IN 31627 296 13 the the DT 31627 296 14 lake lake NN 31627 296 15 of of IN 31627 296 16 molten molten JJ 31627 296 17 lava lava NN 31627 296 18 has have VBZ 31627 296 19 left leave VBN 31627 296 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 296 21 mark mark NN 31627 296 22 in in IN 31627 296 23 the the DT 31627 296 24 form form NN 31627 296 25 of of IN 31627 296 26 a a DT 31627 296 27 ring ring NN 31627 296 28 of of IN 31627 296 29 slag slag NN 31627 296 30 on on IN 31627 296 31 the the DT 31627 296 32 inside inside NN 31627 296 33 of of IN 31627 296 34 the the DT 31627 296 35 breached breach VBN 31627 296 36 crater crater NN 31627 296 37 . . . 31627 297 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 297 2 4 4 CD 31627 297 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 297 4 _ _ NNP 31627 297 5 Craterless Craterless NNP 31627 297 6 Domes._--These Domes._--These NNP 31627 297 7 differ differ VBP 31627 297 8 essentially essentially RB 31627 297 9 both both CC 31627 297 10 in in IN 31627 297 11 form form NN 31627 297 12 and and CC 31627 297 13 composition composition NN 31627 297 14 from from IN 31627 297 15 those those DT 31627 297 16 just just RB 31627 297 17 described describe VBN 31627 297 18 , , , 31627 297 19 and and CC 31627 297 20 have have VBP 31627 297 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 297 22 typical typical JJ 31627 297 23 representatives representative NNS 31627 297 24 in in IN 31627 297 25 the the DT 31627 297 26 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 297 27 district district NN 31627 297 28 , , , 31627 297 29 though though IN 31627 297 30 not not RB 31627 297 31 without without IN 31627 297 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 297 33 analogues analogue NNS 31627 297 34 elsewhere elsewhere RB 31627 297 35 , , , 31627 297 36 as as IN 31627 297 37 in in IN 31627 297 38 the the DT 31627 297 39 case case NN 31627 297 40 of of IN 31627 297 41 Chimborazo Chimborazo NNP 31627 297 42 , , , 31627 297 43 in in IN 31627 297 44 South South NNP 31627 297 45 America America NNP 31627 297 46 , , , 31627 297 47 one one CD 31627 297 48 of of IN 31627 297 49 the the DT 31627 297 50 loftiest lofty JJS 31627 297 51 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 297 52 mountains mountain NNS 31627 297 53 in in IN 31627 297 54 the the DT 31627 297 55 world world NN 31627 297 56 . . . 31627 298 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 298 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 298 3 : : : 31627 298 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 298 5 . . . 31627 299 1 2.--Cotopaxi 2.--cotopaxi CD 31627 299 2 , , , 31627 299 3 a a DT 31627 299 4 volcano volcano NN 31627 299 5 of of IN 31627 299 6 the the DT 31627 299 7 Cordilleras Cordilleras NNP 31627 299 8 of of IN 31627 299 9 Quito Quito NNP 31627 299 10 , , , 31627 299 11 still still RB 31627 299 12 active active JJ 31627 299 13 , , , 31627 299 14 and and CC 31627 299 15 covered cover VBN 31627 299 16 by by IN 31627 299 17 snow snow NN 31627 299 18 down down RB 31627 299 19 to to IN 31627 299 20 a a DT 31627 299 21 level level NN 31627 299 22 of of IN 31627 299 23 14,800 14,800 CD 31627 299 24 feet foot NNS 31627 299 25 . . . 31627 300 1 Below below IN 31627 300 2 this this DT 31627 300 3 is be VBZ 31627 300 4 a a DT 31627 300 5 zone zone NN 31627 300 6 of of IN 31627 300 7 naked naked NNP 31627 300 8 rock rock NNP 31627 300 9 , , , 31627 300 10 succeeded succeed VBN 31627 300 11 by by IN 31627 300 12 another another DT 31627 300 13 of of IN 31627 300 14 forest forest NN 31627 300 15 vegetation vegetation NN 31627 300 16 . . . 31627 301 1 Owing owe VBG 31627 301 2 to to IN 31627 301 3 the the DT 31627 301 4 continuous continuous JJ 31627 301 5 extrusion extrusion NN 31627 301 6 of of IN 31627 301 7 lava lava NN 31627 301 8 from from IN 31627 301 9 the the DT 31627 301 10 crater crater NN 31627 301 11 , , , 31627 301 12 the the DT 31627 301 13 cone cone NN 31627 301 14 is be VBZ 31627 301 15 being be VBG 31627 301 16 gradually gradually RB 31627 301 17 built build VBN 31627 301 18 up up IN 31627 301 19 of of IN 31627 301 20 fresh fresh JJ 31627 301 21 material material NN 31627 301 22 , , , 31627 301 23 and and CC 31627 301 24 the the DT 31627 301 25 crater crater NN 31627 301 26 is be VBZ 31627 301 27 comparatively comparatively RB 31627 301 28 small small JJ 31627 301 29 in in IN 31627 301 30 consequence.--(A consequence.--(A NNP 31627 301 31 diagrammatic diagrammatic JJ 31627 301 32 view view NN 31627 301 33 after after IN 31627 301 34 A. A. NNP 31627 301 35 von von NNP 31627 301 36 Humboldt Humboldt NNP 31627 301 37 . . . 31627 301 38 ) ) -RRB- 31627 301 39 ] ] -RRB- 31627 302 1 Taking take VBG 31627 302 2 the the DT 31627 302 3 Puy Puy NNP 31627 302 4 de de FW 31627 302 5 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 302 6 , , , 31627 302 7 Petit Petit NNP 31627 302 8 Suchet Suchet NNP 31627 302 9 , , , 31627 302 10 Cliersou Cliersou NNP 31627 302 11 , , , 31627 302 12 Grand Grand NNP 31627 302 13 Sarcoui Sarcoui NNP 31627 302 14 in in IN 31627 302 15 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 302 16 , , , 31627 302 17 and and CC 31627 302 18 the the DT 31627 302 19 Mamelon Mamelon NNP 31627 302 20 in in IN 31627 302 21 the the DT 31627 302 22 Isle Isle NNP 31627 302 23 of of IN 31627 302 24 Bourbon Bourbon NNP 31627 302 25 as as IN 31627 302 26 illustrations illustration NNS 31627 302 27 , , , 31627 302 28 we -PRON- PRP 31627 302 29 have have VBP 31627 302 30 in in IN 31627 302 31 all all PDT 31627 302 32 these these DT 31627 302 33 cases case NNS 31627 302 34 a a DT 31627 302 35 group group NN 31627 302 36 of of IN 31627 302 37 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 302 38 hills hills NNP 31627 302 39 , , , 31627 302 40 dome dome NN 31627 302 41 - - HYPH 31627 302 42 shaped shaped JJ 31627 302 43 and and CC 31627 302 44 destitute destitute NN 31627 302 45 of of IN 31627 302 46 craters crater NNS 31627 302 47 , , , 31627 302 48 the the DT 31627 302 49 summits summit NNS 31627 302 50 being be VBG 31627 302 51 rounded rounded JJ 31627 302 52 or or CC 31627 302 53 slightly slightly RB 31627 302 54 flattened flatten VBN 31627 302 55 . . . 31627 303 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 303 2 also also RB 31627 303 3 observe observe VBP 31627 303 4 that that IN 31627 303 5 the the DT 31627 303 6 flanks flank NNS 31627 303 7 rise rise VBP 31627 303 8 more more RBR 31627 303 9 abruptly abruptly RB 31627 303 10 from from IN 31627 303 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 303 12 bases basis NNS 31627 303 13 , , , 31627 303 14 and and CC 31627 303 15 contrast contrast NN 31627 303 16 in in IN 31627 303 17 outline outline NN 31627 303 18 with with IN 31627 303 19 the the DT 31627 303 20 graceful graceful JJ 31627 303 21 curve curve NN 31627 303 22 of of IN 31627 303 23 the the DT 31627 303 24 crater crater NN 31627 303 25 cones cone NNS 31627 303 26 . . . 31627 304 1 The the DT 31627 304 2 dome dome NN 31627 304 3 - - HYPH 31627 304 4 shaped shape VBN 31627 304 5 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 304 6 are be VBP 31627 304 7 generally generally RB 31627 304 8 composed compose VBN 31627 304 9 of of IN 31627 304 10 felsitic felsitic JJ 31627 304 11 matter matter NN 31627 304 12 , , , 31627 304 13 whether whether IN 31627 304 14 domite domite NN 31627 304 15 , , , 31627 304 16 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 304 17 , , , 31627 304 18 or or CC 31627 304 19 andesite andesite NNP 31627 304 20 , , , 31627 304 21 which which WDT 31627 304 22 has have VBZ 31627 304 23 been be VBN 31627 304 24 extruded extrude VBN 31627 304 25 in in IN 31627 304 26 a a DT 31627 304 27 molten molten JJ 31627 304 28 or or CC 31627 304 29 viscous viscous JJ 31627 304 30 condition condition NN 31627 304 31 from from IN 31627 304 32 some some DT 31627 304 33 orifice orifice NN 31627 304 34 or or CC 31627 304 35 fissure fissure NN 31627 304 36 in in IN 31627 304 37 the the DT 31627 304 38 earth earth NN 31627 304 39 's 's POS 31627 304 40 crust crust NN 31627 304 41 , , , 31627 304 42 and and CC 31627 304 43 being be VBG 31627 304 44 piled pile VBN 31627 304 45 up up RP 31627 304 46 and and CC 31627 304 47 spreading spread VBG 31627 304 48 outwards outward NNS 31627 304 49 , , , 31627 304 50 necessarily necessarily RB 31627 304 51 assumes assume VBZ 31627 304 52 such such PDT 31627 304 53 a a DT 31627 304 54 form form NN 31627 304 55 as as IN 31627 304 56 that that DT 31627 304 57 of of IN 31627 304 58 a a DT 31627 304 59 dome dome NN 31627 304 60 , , , 31627 304 61 as as IN 31627 304 62 has have VBZ 31627 304 63 been be VBN 31627 304 64 shown show VBN 31627 304 65 by by IN 31627 304 66 experiment experiment NN 31627 304 67 on on IN 31627 304 68 a a DT 31627 304 69 small small JJ 31627 304 70 scale scale NN 31627 304 71 by by IN 31627 304 72 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 304 73 E. E. NNP 31627 304 74 Reyer Reyer NNP 31627 304 75 , , , 31627 304 76 of of IN 31627 304 77 Grätz Grätz NNP 31627 304 78 . . . 31627 305 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 305 2 5 5 LS 31627 305 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 305 4 The the DT 31627 305 5 contrast contrast NN 31627 305 6 between between IN 31627 305 7 the the DT 31627 305 8 two two CD 31627 305 9 forms form NNS 31627 305 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 305 11 those those DT 31627 305 12 of of IN 31627 305 13 the the DT 31627 305 14 dome dome NN 31627 305 15 and and CC 31627 305 16 the the DT 31627 305 17 crater crater NN 31627 305 18 - - HYPH 31627 305 19 cone cone NN 31627 305 20 ) ) -RRB- 31627 305 21 is be VBZ 31627 305 22 exemplified exemplify VBN 31627 305 23 in in IN 31627 305 24 the the DT 31627 305 25 case case NN 31627 305 26 of of IN 31627 305 27 the the DT 31627 305 28 Grand Grand NNP 31627 305 29 Sarcoui Sarcoui NNP 31627 305 30 and and CC 31627 305 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 305 32 neighbours neighbour NNS 31627 305 33 . . . 31627 306 1 The the DT 31627 306 2 former former JJ 31627 306 3 is be VBZ 31627 306 4 composed compose VBN 31627 306 5 of of IN 31627 306 6 a a DT 31627 306 7 species species NN 31627 306 8 of of IN 31627 306 9 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 306 10 ; ; : 31627 306 11 the the DT 31627 306 12 latter latter NN 31627 306 13 of of IN 31627 306 14 ashes ashe NNS 31627 306 15 and and CC 31627 306 16 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 306 17 matter matter NN 31627 306 18 which which WDT 31627 306 19 have have VBP 31627 306 20 been be VBN 31627 306 21 blown blow VBN 31627 306 22 out out IN 31627 306 23 of of IN 31627 306 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 306 25 respective respective JJ 31627 306 26 vents vent NNS 31627 306 27 of of IN 31627 306 28 eruption eruption NN 31627 306 29 into into IN 31627 306 30 the the DT 31627 306 31 air air NN 31627 306 32 , , , 31627 306 33 and and CC 31627 306 34 piled pile VBD 31627 306 35 up up RP 31627 306 36 and and CC 31627 306 37 around around RB 31627 306 38 in in IN 31627 306 39 a a DT 31627 306 40 crateriform crateriform NN 31627 306 41 manner manner NN 31627 306 42 with with IN 31627 306 43 sides side NNS 31627 306 44 of of IN 31627 306 45 gradually gradually RB 31627 306 46 diminishing diminish VBG 31627 306 47 slope slope NN 31627 306 48 outwards outward NNS 31627 306 49 , , , 31627 306 50 thus thus RB 31627 306 51 giving give VBG 31627 306 52 rise rise NN 31627 306 53 to to IN 31627 306 54 the the DT 31627 306 55 characteristic characteristic JJ 31627 306 56 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 306 57 curve curve NN 31627 306 58 . . . 31627 307 1 The the DT 31627 307 2 two two CD 31627 307 3 varieties variety NNS 31627 307 4 here here RB 31627 307 5 referred refer VBD 31627 307 6 to to IN 31627 307 7 , , , 31627 307 8 contrasting contrast VBG 31627 307 9 in in IN 31627 307 10 form form NN 31627 307 11 , , , 31627 307 12 composition composition NN 31627 307 13 , , , 31627 307 14 and and CC 31627 307 15 colour colour NN 31627 307 16 of of IN 31627 307 17 material material NN 31627 307 18 , , , 31627 307 19 can can MD 31627 307 20 be be VB 31627 307 21 clearly clearly RB 31627 307 22 recognised recognise VBN 31627 307 23 from from IN 31627 307 24 the the DT 31627 307 25 summit summit NN 31627 307 26 of of IN 31627 307 27 the the DT 31627 307 28 Puy Puy NNP 31627 307 29 de de NNP 31627 307 30 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 307 31 , , , 31627 307 32 which which WDT 31627 307 33 rises rise VBZ 31627 307 34 by by IN 31627 307 35 a a DT 31627 307 36 head head NN 31627 307 37 and and CC 31627 307 38 shoulders shoulder NNS 31627 307 39 above above IN 31627 307 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 307 41 fellows fellow NNS 31627 307 42 , , , 31627 307 43 and and CC 31627 307 44 thus thus RB 31627 307 45 affords afford VBZ 31627 307 46 an an DT 31627 307 47 advantageous advantageous JJ 31627 307 48 standpoint standpoint NN 31627 307 49 from from IN 31627 307 50 which which WDT 31627 307 51 to to TO 31627 307 52 compare compare VB 31627 307 53 the the DT 31627 307 54 various various JJ 31627 307 55 forms form NNS 31627 307 56 of of IN 31627 307 57 this this DT 31627 307 58 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 307 59 group group NN 31627 307 60 of of IN 31627 307 61 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 307 62 mountains mountain NNS 31627 307 63 . . . 31627 308 1 Cotopaxi Cotopaxi NNP 31627 308 2 ( ( -LRB- 31627 308 3 Fig fig NN 31627 308 4 . . . 31627 309 1 2 2 LS 31627 309 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 309 3 has have VBZ 31627 309 4 been be VBN 31627 309 5 generally generally RB 31627 309 6 supposed suppose VBN 31627 309 7 to to TO 31627 309 8 be be VB 31627 309 9 a a DT 31627 309 10 dome dome NN 31627 309 11 ; ; : 31627 309 12 but but CC 31627 309 13 Whymper Whymper NNP 31627 309 14 , , , 31627 309 15 who who WP 31627 309 16 ascended ascend VBD 31627 309 17 the the DT 31627 309 18 mountain mountain NN 31627 309 19 in in IN 31627 309 20 1880 1880 CD 31627 309 21 , , , 31627 309 22 shows show VBZ 31627 309 23 that that IN 31627 309 24 it -PRON- PRP 31627 309 25 is be VBZ 31627 309 26 a a DT 31627 309 27 cone cone NN 31627 309 28 with with IN 31627 309 29 a a DT 31627 309 30 crater crater NN 31627 309 31 , , , 31627 309 32 2,300 2,300 CD 31627 309 33 feet foot NNS 31627 309 34 in in IN 31627 309 35 largest large JJS 31627 309 36 diameter diameter NN 31627 309 37 . . . 31627 310 1 He -PRON- PRP 31627 310 2 determined determine VBD 31627 310 3 the the DT 31627 310 4 height height NN 31627 310 5 to to TO 31627 310 6 be be VB 31627 310 7 19,613 19,613 CD 31627 310 8 feet foot NNS 31627 310 9 above above IN 31627 310 10 the the DT 31627 310 11 ocean ocean NN 31627 310 12 . . . 31627 311 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 311 2 real real JJ 31627 311 3 elevation elevation NN 31627 311 4 above above IN 31627 311 5 the the DT 31627 311 6 sea sea NN 31627 311 7 is be VBZ 31627 311 8 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 311 9 masked masked JJ 31627 311 10 , , , 31627 311 11 owing owe VBG 31627 311 12 to to IN 31627 311 13 the the DT 31627 311 14 fact fact NN 31627 311 15 that that IN 31627 311 16 it -PRON- PRP 31627 311 17 rises rise VBZ 31627 311 18 from from IN 31627 311 19 the the DT 31627 311 20 high high JJ 31627 311 21 plain plain NN 31627 311 22 of of IN 31627 311 23 Tapia Tapia NNP 31627 311 24 , , , 31627 311 25 which which WDT 31627 311 26 is be VBZ 31627 311 27 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 311 28 8,900 8,900 CD 31627 311 29 feet foot NNS 31627 311 30 above above IN 31627 311 31 the the DT 31627 311 32 sea sea NN 31627 311 33 surface surface NN 31627 311 34 . . . 31627 312 1 The the DT 31627 312 2 smaller small JJR 31627 312 3 peak peak NN 31627 312 4 on on IN 31627 312 5 the the DT 31627 312 6 right right NN 31627 312 7 ( ( -LRB- 31627 312 8 Fig fig NN 31627 312 9 . . . 31627 313 1 2 2 LS 31627 313 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 313 3 is be VBZ 31627 313 4 that that DT 31627 313 5 of of IN 31627 313 6 Carihuairazo Carihuairazo NNP 31627 313 7 , , , 31627 313 8 which which WDT 31627 313 9 reaches reach VBZ 31627 313 10 an an DT 31627 313 11 elevation elevation NN 31627 313 12 of of IN 31627 313 13 over over IN 31627 313 14 16,000 16,000 CD 31627 313 15 feet foot NNS 31627 313 16 . . . 31627 314 1 Chimborazo Chimborazo NNP 31627 314 2 , , , 31627 314 3 in in IN 31627 314 4 Columbia Columbia NNP 31627 314 5 , , , 31627 314 6 province province NN 31627 314 7 of of IN 31627 314 8 Quito Quito NNP 31627 314 9 , , , 31627 314 10 is be VBZ 31627 314 11 one one CD 31627 314 12 of of IN 31627 314 13 the the DT 31627 314 14 loftiest lofty JJS 31627 314 15 of of IN 31627 314 16 the the DT 31627 314 17 chain chain NN 31627 314 18 of of IN 31627 314 19 the the DT 31627 314 20 Andes Andes NNP 31627 314 21 , , , 31627 314 22 and and CC 31627 314 23 is be VBZ 31627 314 24 situated situate VBN 31627 314 25 in in IN 31627 314 26 lat lat NNP 31627 314 27 . . . 31627 315 1 1 1 CD 31627 315 2 ° ° , 31627 315 3 30 30 CD 31627 315 4 ' ' '' 31627 315 5 S. S. NNP 31627 315 6 , , , 31627 315 7 long long RB 31627 315 8 . . . 31627 316 1 78 78 CD 31627 316 2 ° ° , 31627 316 3 58 58 CD 31627 316 4 ' ' NN 31627 316 5 W. W. NNP 31627 316 6 Though though IN 31627 316 7 not not RB 31627 316 8 in in IN 31627 316 9 a a DT 31627 316 10 state state NN 31627 316 11 of of IN 31627 316 12 activity activity NN 31627 316 13 , , , 31627 316 14 it -PRON- PRP 31627 316 15 is be VBZ 31627 316 16 wholly wholly RB 31627 316 17 composed compose VBN 31627 316 18 of of IN 31627 316 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 316 20 material material NN 31627 316 21 , , , 31627 316 22 and and CC 31627 316 23 reaches reach VBZ 31627 316 24 an an DT 31627 316 25 elevation elevation NN 31627 316 26 of of IN 31627 316 27 over over IN 31627 316 28 20,000 20,000 CD 31627 316 29 feet foot NNS 31627 316 30 above above IN 31627 316 31 the the DT 31627 316 32 ocean ocean NN 31627 316 33 ; ; : 31627 316 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 316 35 sides side NNS 31627 316 36 being be VBG 31627 316 37 covered cover VBN 31627 316 38 by by IN 31627 316 39 a a DT 31627 316 40 sheet sheet NN 31627 316 41 of of IN 31627 316 42 permanent permanent JJ 31627 316 43 snow snow NN 31627 316 44 to to IN 31627 316 45 a a DT 31627 316 46 level level NN 31627 316 47 of of IN 31627 316 48 2,600 2,600 CD 31627 316 49 feet foot NNS 31627 316 50 below below IN 31627 316 51 the the DT 31627 316 52 summit summit NN 31627 316 53 . . . 31627 317 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 317 2 6 6 CD 31627 317 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 317 4 Seen see VBN 31627 317 5 from from IN 31627 317 6 the the DT 31627 317 7 shores shore NNS 31627 317 8 of of IN 31627 317 9 the the DT 31627 317 10 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 317 11 , , , 31627 317 12 after after IN 31627 317 13 the the DT 31627 317 14 long long JJ 31627 317 15 rains rain NNS 31627 317 16 of of IN 31627 317 17 winter winter NN 31627 317 18 , , , 31627 317 19 it -PRON- PRP 31627 317 20 presents present VBZ 31627 317 21 a a DT 31627 317 22 magnificent magnificent JJ 31627 317 23 spectacle spectacle NN 31627 317 24 , , , 31627 317 25 " " `` 31627 317 26 when when WRB 31627 317 27 the the DT 31627 317 28 transparency transparency NN 31627 317 29 of of IN 31627 317 30 the the DT 31627 317 31 air air NN 31627 317 32 is be VBZ 31627 317 33 increased increase VBN 31627 317 34 , , , 31627 317 35 and and CC 31627 317 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 317 37 enormous enormous JJ 31627 317 38 circular circular JJ 31627 317 39 summit summit NN 31627 317 40 is be VBZ 31627 317 41 seen see VBN 31627 317 42 projected project VBN 31627 317 43 upon upon IN 31627 317 44 the the DT 31627 317 45 deep deep JJ 31627 317 46 azure azure JJ 31627 317 47 blue blue NN 31627 317 48 of of IN 31627 317 49 the the DT 31627 317 50 equatorial equatorial JJ 31627 317 51 sky sky NN 31627 317 52 . . . 31627 318 1 The the DT 31627 318 2 great great JJ 31627 318 3 rarity rarity NN 31627 318 4 of of IN 31627 318 5 the the DT 31627 318 6 air air NN 31627 318 7 through through IN 31627 318 8 which which WDT 31627 318 9 the the DT 31627 318 10 tops top NNS 31627 318 11 of of IN 31627 318 12 the the DT 31627 318 13 Andes Andes NNPS 31627 318 14 are be VBP 31627 318 15 seen see VBN 31627 318 16 adds add VBZ 31627 318 17 much much JJ 31627 318 18 to to IN 31627 318 19 the the DT 31627 318 20 splendour splendour NN 31627 318 21 of of IN 31627 318 22 the the DT 31627 318 23 snow snow NN 31627 318 24 , , , 31627 318 25 and and CC 31627 318 26 aids aid VBZ 31627 318 27 the the DT 31627 318 28 magical magical JJ 31627 318 29 effect effect NN 31627 318 30 of of IN 31627 318 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 318 32 reflection reflection NN 31627 318 33 . . . 31627 318 34 " " '' 31627 319 1 Chimborazo Chimborazo NNP 31627 319 2 was be VBD 31627 319 3 ascended ascend VBN 31627 319 4 by by IN 31627 319 5 Humboldt Humboldt NNP 31627 319 6 and and CC 31627 319 7 Bonpland Bonpland NNP 31627 319 8 in in IN 31627 319 9 1802 1802 CD 31627 319 10 almost almost RB 31627 319 11 to to IN 31627 319 12 the the DT 31627 319 13 summit summit NN 31627 319 14 ; ; : 31627 319 15 but but CC 31627 319 16 at at IN 31627 319 17 a a DT 31627 319 18 height height NN 31627 319 19 of of IN 31627 319 20 19,300 19,300 CD 31627 319 21 feet foot NNS 31627 319 22 by by IN 31627 319 23 barometrical barometrical JJ 31627 319 24 measurement measurement NN 31627 319 25 , , , 31627 319 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 319 27 further further JJ 31627 319 28 ascent ascent NN 31627 319 29 was be VBD 31627 319 30 arrested arrest VBN 31627 319 31 by by IN 31627 319 32 a a DT 31627 319 33 wide wide JJ 31627 319 34 chasm chasm NN 31627 319 35 . . . 31627 320 1 Boussingault Boussingault NNP 31627 320 2 , , , 31627 320 3 in in IN 31627 320 4 company company NN 31627 320 5 with with IN 31627 320 6 Colonel Colonel NNP 31627 320 7 Hall Hall NNP 31627 320 8 , , , 31627 320 9 accomplished accomplish VBD 31627 320 10 the the DT 31627 320 11 ascent ascent NN 31627 320 12 as as RB 31627 320 13 far far RB 31627 320 14 as as IN 31627 320 15 the the DT 31627 320 16 foot foot NN 31627 320 17 of of IN 31627 320 18 the the DT 31627 320 19 mass mass NN 31627 320 20 of of IN 31627 320 21 columnar columnar NN 31627 320 22 " " '' 31627 320 23 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 320 24 , , , 31627 320 25 " " '' 31627 320 26 the the DT 31627 320 27 upper upper JJ 31627 320 28 surface surface NN 31627 320 29 of of IN 31627 320 30 which which WDT 31627 320 31 , , , 31627 320 32 covered cover VBN 31627 320 33 by by IN 31627 320 34 a a DT 31627 320 35 dome dome NN 31627 320 36 of of IN 31627 320 37 snow snow NN 31627 320 38 , , , 31627 320 39 forms form VBZ 31627 320 40 the the DT 31627 320 41 summit summit NN 31627 320 42 of of IN 31627 320 43 the the DT 31627 320 44 mountain mountain NN 31627 320 45 . . . 31627 321 1 The the DT 31627 321 2 whole whole JJ 31627 321 3 mass mass NN 31627 321 4 of of IN 31627 321 5 the the DT 31627 321 6 mountain mountain NN 31627 321 7 consists consist VBZ 31627 321 8 of of IN 31627 321 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 321 10 rock rock NN 31627 321 11 , , , 31627 321 12 varieties variety NNS 31627 321 13 of of IN 31627 321 14 andesite andesite NNP 31627 321 15 ; ; : 31627 321 16 there there EX 31627 321 17 is be VBZ 31627 321 18 no no DT 31627 321 19 trace trace NN 31627 321 20 of of IN 31627 321 21 a a DT 31627 321 22 crater crater NN 31627 321 23 , , , 31627 321 24 nor nor CC 31627 321 25 of of IN 31627 321 26 any any DT 31627 321 27 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 321 28 materials material NNS 31627 321 29 , , , 31627 321 30 such such JJ 31627 321 31 as as IN 31627 321 32 are be VBP 31627 321 33 usually usually RB 31627 321 34 ejected eject VBN 31627 321 35 from from IN 31627 321 36 a a DT 31627 321 37 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 321 38 vent vent NN 31627 321 39 of of IN 31627 321 40 eruption eruption NN 31627 321 41 . . . 31627 322 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 322 2 7 7 CD 31627 322 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 322 4 _ _ NNP 31627 322 5 Lava Lava NNP 31627 322 6 Crater Crater NNP 31627 322 7 - - HYPH 31627 322 8 Cones._--A Cones._--A NNP 31627 322 9 third third JJ 31627 322 10 form form NN 31627 322 11 of of IN 31627 322 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 322 13 mountain mountain NN 31627 322 14 is be VBZ 31627 322 15 that that DT 31627 322 16 which which WDT 31627 322 17 has have VBZ 31627 322 18 been be VBN 31627 322 19 built build VBN 31627 322 20 up up RP 31627 322 21 by by IN 31627 322 22 successive successive JJ 31627 322 23 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 322 24 of of IN 31627 322 25 basic basic JJ 31627 322 26 lava lava NN 31627 322 27 , , , 31627 322 28 such such JJ 31627 322 29 as as IN 31627 322 30 basalt basalt NN 31627 322 31 or or CC 31627 322 32 dolerite dolerite JJ 31627 322 33 , , , 31627 322 34 when when WRB 31627 322 35 in in IN 31627 322 36 a a DT 31627 322 37 molten molten JJ 31627 322 38 condition condition NN 31627 322 39 . . . 31627 323 1 These these DT 31627 323 2 are be VBP 31627 323 3 very very RB 31627 323 4 rare rare JJ 31627 323 5 , , , 31627 323 6 and and CC 31627 323 7 the the DT 31627 323 8 slope slope NN 31627 323 9 of of IN 31627 323 10 the the DT 31627 323 11 sides side NNS 31627 323 12 depends depend VBZ 31627 323 13 on on IN 31627 323 14 the the DT 31627 323 15 amount amount NN 31627 323 16 of of IN 31627 323 17 original original JJ 31627 323 18 viscosity viscosity NN 31627 323 19 . . . 31627 324 1 Where where WRB 31627 324 2 the the DT 31627 324 3 lava lava NN 31627 324 4 is be VBZ 31627 324 5 highly highly RB 31627 324 6 fused fuse VBN 31627 324 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 324 8 slope slope NN 31627 324 9 will will MD 31627 324 10 be be VB 31627 324 11 slight slight JJ 31627 324 12 , , , 31627 324 13 but but CC 31627 324 14 if if IN 31627 324 15 in in IN 31627 324 16 a a DT 31627 324 17 viscous viscous JJ 31627 324 18 condition condition NN 31627 324 19 , , , 31627 324 20 successive successive JJ 31627 324 21 outpourings outpouring NNS 31627 324 22 from from IN 31627 324 23 the the DT 31627 324 24 orifice orifice NN 31627 324 25 , , , 31627 324 26 unable unable JJ 31627 324 27 to to TO 31627 324 28 reach reach VB 31627 324 29 the the DT 31627 324 30 base base NN 31627 324 31 of of IN 31627 324 32 the the DT 31627 324 33 mountain mountain NN 31627 324 34 , , , 31627 324 35 will will MD 31627 324 36 tend tend VB 31627 324 37 to to TO 31627 324 38 form form VB 31627 324 39 a a DT 31627 324 40 cone cone NN 31627 324 41 with with IN 31627 324 42 increasing increase VBG 31627 324 43 slope slope NN 31627 324 44 upwards upwards RB 31627 324 45 . . . 31627 325 1 Mauna Mauna NNP 31627 325 2 Loa Loa NNP 31627 325 3 and and CC 31627 325 4 Kilauea Kilauea NNP 31627 325 5 , , , 31627 325 6 in in IN 31627 325 7 the the DT 31627 325 8 Hawaiian Hawaiian NNP 31627 325 9 Group Group NNP 31627 325 10 , , , 31627 325 11 according accord VBG 31627 325 12 to to IN 31627 325 13 Professor Professor NNP 31627 325 14 J. J. NNP 31627 325 15 D. D. NNP 31627 325 16 Dana Dana NNP 31627 325 17 , , , 31627 325 18 are be VBP 31627 325 19 basalt basalt NN 31627 325 20 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 325 21 in in IN 31627 325 22 a a DT 31627 325 23 normal normal JJ 31627 325 24 state state NN 31627 325 25 . . . 31627 326 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 326 2 have have VBP 31627 326 3 distinct distinct JJ 31627 326 4 craters crater NNS 31627 326 5 , , , 31627 326 6 and and CC 31627 326 7 the the DT 31627 326 8 material material NN 31627 326 9 of of IN 31627 326 10 which which WDT 31627 326 11 the the DT 31627 326 12 mountain mountain NN 31627 326 13 is be VBZ 31627 326 14 formed form VBN 31627 326 15 is be VBZ 31627 326 16 basalt basalt JJ 31627 326 17 or or CC 31627 326 18 dolerite dolerite JJ 31627 326 19 . . . 31627 327 1 The the DT 31627 327 2 volcano volcano NN 31627 327 3 of of IN 31627 327 4 Rangitoto Rangitoto NNP 31627 327 5 in in IN 31627 327 6 Auckland Auckland NNP 31627 327 7 , , , 31627 327 8 New New NNP 31627 327 9 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 327 10 , , , 31627 327 11 appears appear VBZ 31627 327 12 to to TO 31627 327 13 belong belong VB 31627 327 14 to to IN 31627 327 15 this this DT 31627 327 16 class class NN 31627 327 17 . . . 31627 328 1 Basalt basalt NN 31627 328 2 is be VBZ 31627 328 3 the the DT 31627 328 4 most most RBS 31627 328 5 fusible fusible JJ 31627 328 6 of of IN 31627 328 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 328 8 rocks rock NNS 31627 328 9 , , , 31627 328 10 owing owe VBG 31627 328 11 to to IN 31627 328 12 the the DT 31627 328 13 augite augite NNP 31627 328 14 and and CC 31627 328 15 magnetite magnetite JJ 31627 328 16 it -PRON- PRP 31627 328 17 contains contain VBZ 31627 328 18 , , , 31627 328 19 so so IN 31627 328 20 that that IN 31627 328 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 328 22 spreads spread VBZ 31627 328 23 out out RP 31627 328 24 with with IN 31627 328 25 a a DT 31627 328 26 very very RB 31627 328 27 slight slight JJ 31627 328 28 slope slope NN 31627 328 29 when when WRB 31627 328 30 highly highly RB 31627 328 31 fused fuse VBN 31627 328 32 . . . 31627 329 1 Trachyte Trachyte NNP 31627 329 2 , , , 31627 329 3 on on IN 31627 329 4 the the DT 31627 329 5 other other JJ 31627 329 6 hand hand NN 31627 329 7 , , , 31627 329 8 is be VBZ 31627 329 9 the the DT 31627 329 10 least least JJS 31627 329 11 fusible fusible JJ 31627 329 12 owing owing NN 31627 329 13 to to IN 31627 329 14 the the DT 31627 329 15 presence presence NN 31627 329 16 of of IN 31627 329 17 orthoclase orthoclase NNP 31627 329 18 felspar felspar NNS 31627 329 19 , , , 31627 329 20 or or CC 31627 329 21 quartz quartz NN 31627 329 22 ; ; : 31627 329 23 so so IN 31627 329 24 that that IN 31627 329 25 the the DT 31627 329 26 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 329 27 domes dome NNS 31627 329 28 formed form VBN 31627 329 29 of of IN 31627 329 30 this this DT 31627 329 31 material material NN 31627 329 32 stand stand NN 31627 329 33 at at IN 31627 329 34 a a DT 31627 329 35 higher high JJR 31627 329 36 angle angle NN 31627 329 37 from from IN 31627 329 38 the the DT 31627 329 39 horizon horizon NN 31627 329 40 than than IN 31627 329 41 those those DT 31627 329 42 of of IN 31627 329 43 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 329 44 cones cone NNS 31627 329 45 . . . 31627 330 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 330 2 1 1 CD 31627 330 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 330 4 _ _ NNP 31627 330 5 Scenery Scenery NNP 31627 330 6 and and CC 31627 330 7 Geology Geology NNP 31627 330 8 of of IN 31627 330 9 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 330 10 _ _ NNP 31627 330 11 ( ( -LRB- 31627 330 12 1865 1865 CD 31627 330 13 ) ) -RRB- 31627 330 14 , , , 31627 330 15 p. p. NN 31627 330 16 214 214 CD 31627 330 17 . . . 31627 331 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 331 2 2 2 LS 31627 331 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 331 4 Humboldt Humboldt NNP 31627 331 5 says say VBZ 31627 331 6 : : : 31627 331 7 " " `` 31627 331 8 The the DT 31627 331 9 form form NN 31627 331 10 of of IN 31627 331 11 isolated isolated JJ 31627 331 12 conical conical JJ 31627 331 13 mountains mountain NNS 31627 331 14 , , , 31627 331 15 as as IN 31627 331 16 those those DT 31627 331 17 of of IN 31627 331 18 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 331 19 , , , 31627 331 20 Etna Etna NNP 31627 331 21 , , , 31627 331 22 the the DT 31627 331 23 Peak Peak NNP 31627 331 24 of of IN 31627 331 25 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 31627 331 26 , , , 31627 331 27 Tunguagua Tunguagua NNP 31627 331 28 , , , 31627 331 29 and and CC 31627 331 30 Cotopaxi Cotopaxi NNP 31627 331 31 , , , 31627 331 32 is be VBZ 31627 331 33 certainly certainly RB 31627 331 34 the the DT 31627 331 35 shape shape NN 31627 331 36 most most RBS 31627 331 37 commonly commonly RB 31627 331 38 observed observe VBN 31627 331 39 in in IN 31627 331 40 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 331 41 all all RB 31627 331 42 over over IN 31627 331 43 the the DT 31627 331 44 globe globe NN 31627 331 45 . . . 31627 331 46 " " '' 31627 332 1 --_Views --_Views : 31627 332 2 of of IN 31627 332 3 Nature Nature NNP 31627 332 4 _ _ NNP 31627 332 5 , , , 31627 332 6 translated translate VBN 31627 332 7 by by IN 31627 332 8 E. E. NNP 31627 332 9 C. C. NNP 31627 332 10 Otté Otté NNP 31627 332 11 and and CC 31627 332 12 H. H. NNP 31627 332 13 G. G. NNP 31627 332 14 Bohn Bohn NNP 31627 332 15 ( ( -LRB- 31627 332 16 1850 1850 CD 31627 332 17 ) ) -RRB- 31627 332 18 . . . 31627 333 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 333 2 3 3 LS 31627 333 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 333 4 It -PRON- PRP 31627 333 5 is be VBZ 31627 333 6 supposed suppose VBN 31627 333 7 that that IN 31627 333 8 after after IN 31627 333 9 the the DT 31627 333 10 disastrous disastrous JJ 31627 333 11 explosion explosion NN 31627 333 12 of of IN 31627 333 13 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 333 14 in in IN 31627 333 15 1883 1883 CD 31627 333 16 the the DT 31627 333 17 fine fine JJ 31627 333 18 dust dust NN 31627 333 19 carried carry VBN 31627 333 20 into into IN 31627 333 21 the the DT 31627 333 22 higher high JJR 31627 333 23 regions region NNS 31627 333 24 of of IN 31627 333 25 the the DT 31627 333 26 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 333 27 was be VBD 31627 333 28 carried carry VBN 31627 333 29 round round RB 31627 333 30 almost almost RB 31627 333 31 the the DT 31627 333 32 entire entire JJ 31627 333 33 globe globe NN 31627 333 34 , , , 31627 333 35 and and CC 31627 333 36 remained remain VBD 31627 333 37 suspended suspend VBN 31627 333 38 for for IN 31627 333 39 a a DT 31627 333 40 lengthened lengthen VBN 31627 333 41 period period NN 31627 333 42 , , , 31627 333 43 as as IN 31627 333 44 described describe VBN 31627 333 45 in in IN 31627 333 46 a a DT 31627 333 47 future future JJ 31627 333 48 page page NN 31627 333 49 . . . 31627 334 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 334 2 4 4 LS 31627 334 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 334 4 Another another DT 31627 334 5 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 334 6 case case NN 31627 334 7 is be VBZ 31627 334 8 mentioned mention VBN 31627 334 9 and and CC 31627 334 10 figured figure VBN 31627 334 11 by by IN 31627 334 12 Judd Judd NNP 31627 334 13 , , , 31627 334 14 where where WRB 31627 334 15 one one CD 31627 334 16 of of IN 31627 334 17 the the DT 31627 334 18 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 334 19 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 334 20 , , , 31627 334 21 composed compose VBN 31627 334 22 of of IN 31627 334 23 pumice pumice NN 31627 334 24 and and CC 31627 334 25 rising rise VBG 31627 334 26 out out IN 31627 334 27 of of IN 31627 334 28 the the DT 31627 334 29 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 334 30 , , , 31627 334 31 has have VBZ 31627 334 32 been be VBN 31627 334 33 breached breach VBN 31627 334 34 by by IN 31627 334 35 a a DT 31627 334 36 lava lava NN 31627 334 37 - - HYPH 31627 334 38 stream stream NN 31627 334 39 of of IN 31627 334 40 obsidian.--_Loc obsidian.--_loc NN 31627 334 41 . . . 31627 335 1 cit cit NNP 31627 335 2 . . . 31627 335 3 _ _ NNP 31627 335 4 , , , 31627 335 5 p. p. NN 31627 335 6 123 123 CD 31627 335 7 . . . 31627 336 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 336 2 5 5 CD 31627 336 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 336 4 Reyer Reyer NNP 31627 336 5 has have VBZ 31627 336 6 produced produce VBN 31627 336 7 such such JJ 31627 336 8 dome dome NN 31627 336 9 - - HYPH 31627 336 10 shaped shape VBN 31627 336 11 masses masse NNS 31627 336 12 by by IN 31627 336 13 forcing force VBG 31627 336 14 a a DT 31627 336 15 quantity quantity NN 31627 336 16 of of IN 31627 336 17 plaster plaster NN 31627 336 18 of of IN 31627 336 19 Paris Paris NNP 31627 336 20 in in IN 31627 336 21 a a DT 31627 336 22 pasty pasty NN 31627 336 23 condition condition NN 31627 336 24 up up IN 31627 336 25 through through IN 31627 336 26 an an DT 31627 336 27 orifice orifice NN 31627 336 28 in in IN 31627 336 29 a a DT 31627 336 30 board board NN 31627 336 31 ; ; : 31627 336 32 referred refer VBN 31627 336 33 to to IN 31627 336 34 by by IN 31627 336 35 Judd Judd NNP 31627 336 36 , , , 31627 336 37 _ _ NNP 31627 336 38 loc loc NNP 31627 336 39 . . . 31627 337 1 cit cit NNP 31627 337 2 . . . 31627 337 3 _ _ NNP 31627 337 4 , , , 31627 337 5 p. p. NN 31627 337 6 125 125 CD 31627 337 7 . . . 31627 338 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 338 2 6 6 CD 31627 338 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 338 4 Whymper Whymper NNP 31627 338 5 determined determine VBD 31627 338 6 the the DT 31627 338 7 height height NN 31627 338 8 to to TO 31627 338 9 be be VB 31627 338 10 20,498 20,498 CD 31627 338 11 feet foot NNS 31627 338 12 ; ; : 31627 338 13 Reiss Reiss NNP 31627 338 14 and and CC 31627 338 15 Stübel Stübel NNP 31627 338 16 make make VBP 31627 338 17 it -PRON- PRP 31627 338 18 20,703 20,703 CD 31627 338 19 feet foot NNS 31627 338 20 . . . 31627 339 1 Whymper whymper NN 31627 339 2 thinks think VBZ 31627 339 3 there there EX 31627 339 4 may may MD 31627 339 5 be be VB 31627 339 6 a a DT 31627 339 7 crater crater NN 31627 339 8 concealed conceal VBN 31627 339 9 beneath beneath IN 31627 339 10 the the DT 31627 339 11 dome dome NN 31627 339 12 of of IN 31627 339 13 snow.--_Travels snow.--_Travels . 31627 339 14 amongst amongst IN 31627 339 15 the the DT 31627 339 16 Great Great NNP 31627 339 17 Andes Andes NNP 31627 339 18 of of IN 31627 339 19 the the DT 31627 339 20 Equator Equator NNP 31627 339 21 _ _ NNP 31627 339 22 , , , 31627 339 23 by by IN 31627 339 24 Edward Edward NNP 31627 339 25 Whymper Whymper NNP 31627 339 26 ( ( -LRB- 31627 339 27 1892 1892 CD 31627 339 28 ) ) -RRB- 31627 339 29 . . . 31627 340 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 340 2 7 7 CD 31627 340 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 340 4 Whymper Whymper NNP 31627 340 5 states state VBZ 31627 340 6 that that IN 31627 340 7 there there EX 31627 340 8 is be VBZ 31627 340 9 a a DT 31627 340 10 prevalent prevalent JJ 31627 340 11 idea idea NN 31627 340 12 that that IN 31627 340 13 Cotopaxi Cotopaxi NNP 31627 340 14 and and CC 31627 340 15 a a DT 31627 340 16 volcano volcano NN 31627 340 17 called call VBN 31627 340 18 Sangai Sangai NNP 31627 340 19 act act NN 31627 340 20 as as IN 31627 340 21 safety safety NN 31627 340 22 - - HYPH 31627 340 23 valves valve NNS 31627 340 24 to to IN 31627 340 25 each each DT 31627 340 26 other other JJ 31627 340 27 . . . 31627 341 1 Sangai Sangai NNP 31627 341 2 reaches reach VBZ 31627 341 3 an an DT 31627 341 4 elevation elevation NN 31627 341 5 ( ( -LRB- 31627 341 6 according accord VBG 31627 341 7 to to IN 31627 341 8 Reiss Reiss NNP 31627 341 9 and and CC 31627 341 10 Stübel Stübel NNP 31627 341 11 ) ) -RRB- 31627 341 12 of of IN 31627 341 13 17,464 17,464 CD 31627 341 14 feet foot NNS 31627 341 15 , , , 31627 341 16 and and CC 31627 341 17 sends send VBZ 31627 341 18 intermittent intermittent JJ 31627 341 19 jets jet NNS 31627 341 20 of of IN 31627 341 21 steam steam NN 31627 341 22 high high JJ 31627 341 23 into into IN 31627 341 24 the the DT 31627 341 25 air air NN 31627 341 26 , , , 31627 341 27 spreading spread VBG 31627 341 28 out out RP 31627 341 29 into into IN 31627 341 30 vast vast JJ 31627 341 31 cumulus cumulus NN 31627 341 32 clouds cloud NNS 31627 341 33 , , , 31627 341 34 which which WDT 31627 341 35 float float VBP 31627 341 36 away away RB 31627 341 37 southwards southward VBZ 31627 341 38 , , , 31627 341 39 and and CC 31627 341 40 ultimately ultimately RB 31627 341 41 disappear.--_Ibid disappear.--_ibid RB 31627 341 42 . . . 31627 341 43 _ _ NNP 31627 341 44 , , , 31627 341 45 p. p. NN 31627 341 46 73 73 CD 31627 341 47 . . . 31627 342 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 342 2 III III NNP 31627 342 3 . . . 31627 343 1 LINES LINES NNP 31627 343 2 AND and CC 31627 343 3 GROUPS group NNS 31627 343 4 OF of IN 31627 343 5 ACTIVE ACTIVE NNP 31627 343 6 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 343 7 VENTS VENTS NNP 31627 343 8 . . . 31627 344 1 The the DT 31627 344 2 globe globe NN 31627 344 3 is be VBZ 31627 344 4 girdled girdle VBN 31627 344 5 by by IN 31627 344 6 a a DT 31627 344 7 chain chain NN 31627 344 8 of of IN 31627 344 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 344 10 mountains mountain NNS 31627 344 11 in in IN 31627 344 12 a a DT 31627 344 13 state state NN 31627 344 14 of of IN 31627 344 15 greater great JJR 31627 344 16 or or CC 31627 344 17 less less JJR 31627 344 18 activity activity NN 31627 344 19 , , , 31627 344 20 which which WDT 31627 344 21 may may MD 31627 344 22 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 344 23 be be VB 31627 344 24 considered consider VBN 31627 344 25 a a DT 31627 344 26 girdle girdle NN 31627 344 27 of of IN 31627 344 28 safety safety NN 31627 344 29 for for IN 31627 344 30 the the DT 31627 344 31 whole whole JJ 31627 344 32 world world NN 31627 344 33 , , , 31627 344 34 through through IN 31627 344 35 which which WDT 31627 344 36 the the DT 31627 344 37 masses masse NNS 31627 344 38 of of IN 31627 344 39 molten molten JJ 31627 344 40 matter matter NN 31627 344 41 in in IN 31627 344 42 a a DT 31627 344 43 state state NN 31627 344 44 of of IN 31627 344 45 high high JJ 31627 344 46 pressure pressure NN 31627 344 47 beneath beneath IN 31627 344 48 the the DT 31627 344 49 crust crust NN 31627 344 50 find find VBP 31627 344 51 a a DT 31627 344 52 way way NN 31627 344 53 of of IN 31627 344 54 escape escape NN 31627 344 55 ; ; , 31627 344 56 and and CC 31627 344 57 thus thus RB 31627 344 58 the the DT 31627 344 59 structure structure NN 31627 344 60 of of IN 31627 344 61 the the DT 31627 344 62 globe globe NN 31627 344 63 is be VBZ 31627 344 64 preserved preserve VBN 31627 344 65 from from IN 31627 344 66 even even RB 31627 344 67 greater great JJR 31627 344 68 convulsions convulsion NNS 31627 344 69 than than IN 31627 344 70 those those DT 31627 344 71 which which WDT 31627 344 72 from from IN 31627 344 73 time time NN 31627 344 74 to to IN 31627 344 75 time time NN 31627 344 76 take take VB 31627 344 77 place place NN 31627 344 78 at at IN 31627 344 79 various various JJ 31627 344 80 points point NNS 31627 344 81 on on IN 31627 344 82 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 344 83 surface surface NN 31627 344 84 . . . 31627 345 1 This this DT 31627 345 2 girdle girdle NN 31627 345 3 is be VBZ 31627 345 4 partly partly RB 31627 345 5 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 345 6 , , , 31627 345 7 partly partly RB 31627 345 8 submarine submarine NN 31627 345 9 ; ; : 31627 345 10 and and CC 31627 345 11 commencing commence VBG 31627 345 12 at at IN 31627 345 13 Mount Mount NNP 31627 345 14 Erebus Erebus NNP 31627 345 15 , , , 31627 345 16 near near IN 31627 345 17 the the DT 31627 345 18 Antarctic Antarctic NNP 31627 345 19 Pole Pole NNP 31627 345 20 , , , 31627 345 21 ranging range VBG 31627 345 22 through through IN 31627 345 23 South South NNP 31627 345 24 Shetland Shetland NNP 31627 345 25 Isle Isle NNP 31627 345 26 , , , 31627 345 27 Cape Cape NNP 31627 345 28 Horn Horn NNP 31627 345 29 , , , 31627 345 30 the the DT 31627 345 31 Andes Andes NNP 31627 345 32 of of IN 31627 345 33 South South NNP 31627 345 34 America America NNP 31627 345 35 , , , 31627 345 36 the the DT 31627 345 37 Isthmus Isthmus NNP 31627 345 38 of of IN 31627 345 39 Panama Panama NNP 31627 345 40 , , , 31627 345 41 then then RB 31627 345 42 through through IN 31627 345 43 Central Central NNP 31627 345 44 America America NNP 31627 345 45 and and CC 31627 345 46 Mexico Mexico NNP 31627 345 47 , , , 31627 345 48 and and CC 31627 345 49 the the DT 31627 345 50 Rocky Rocky NNP 31627 345 51 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 345 52 to to IN 31627 345 53 Kamtschatka Kamtschatka NNP 31627 345 54 , , , 31627 345 55 the the DT 31627 345 56 Aleutian Aleutian NNP 31627 345 57 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 345 58 , , , 31627 345 59 the the DT 31627 345 60 Kuriles Kuriles NNPS 31627 345 61 , , , 31627 345 62 the the DT 31627 345 63 Japanese Japanese NNPS 31627 345 64 , , , 31627 345 65 the the DT 31627 345 66 Philippines Philippines NNPS 31627 345 67 , , , 31627 345 68 New New NNP 31627 345 69 Guinea Guinea NNP 31627 345 70 , , , 31627 345 71 and and CC 31627 345 72 New New NNP 31627 345 73 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 345 74 , , , 31627 345 75 reaches reach VBZ 31627 345 76 the the DT 31627 345 77 Antarctic Antarctic NNP 31627 345 78 Circle Circle NNP 31627 345 79 by by IN 31627 345 80 the the DT 31627 345 81 Balleny Balleny NNP 31627 345 82 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 345 83 . . . 31627 346 1 This this DT 31627 346 2 girdle girdle NN 31627 346 3 sends send VBZ 31627 346 4 off off IN 31627 346 5 branches branch NNS 31627 346 6 at at IN 31627 346 7 several several JJ 31627 346 8 points point NNS 31627 346 9 . . . 31627 347 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 347 2 See see VB 31627 347 3 Map Map NNP 31627 347 4 , , , 31627 347 5 p. p. NN 31627 348 1 23 23 CD 31627 348 2 . . . 31627 348 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 349 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 349 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 349 3 : : : 31627 349 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 349 5 . . . 31627 350 1 3.--Volcanic 3.--volcanic CD 31627 350 2 cone cone NN 31627 350 3 of of IN 31627 350 4 Orizaba Orizaba NNP 31627 350 5 ( ( -LRB- 31627 350 6 Cittaltepeth Cittaltepeth NNP 31627 350 7 ) ) -RRB- 31627 350 8 , , , 31627 350 9 in in IN 31627 350 10 Mexico Mexico NNP 31627 350 11 , , , 31627 350 12 now now RB 31627 350 13 extinct extinct JJ 31627 350 14 ; ; : 31627 350 15 the the DT 31627 350 16 upper upper JJ 31627 350 17 part part NN 31627 350 18 snow snow NN 31627 350 19 - - HYPH 31627 350 20 clad clothe VBN 31627 350 21 , , , 31627 350 22 and and CC 31627 350 23 at at IN 31627 350 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 350 25 base base NN 31627 350 26 forest forest NN 31627 350 27 vegetation vegetation NN 31627 350 28 ; ; : 31627 350 29 it -PRON- PRP 31627 350 30 reaches reach VBZ 31627 350 31 a a DT 31627 350 32 height height NN 31627 350 33 of of IN 31627 350 34 16,302 16,302 CD 31627 350 35 Parisian parisian JJ 31627 350 36 feet foot NNS 31627 350 37 above above IN 31627 350 38 the the DT 31627 350 39 sea.--(After sea.--(After NNP 31627 350 40 A. a. NN 31627 350 41 von von NNP 31627 350 42 Humboldt Humboldt NNP 31627 350 43 . . . 31627 350 44 ) ) -RRB- 31627 350 45 ] ] -RRB- 31627 351 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 351 2 _ _ NNP 31627 351 3 a. a. NN 31627 351 4 _ _ NNP 31627 351 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 351 6 The the DT 31627 351 7 linear linear JJ 31627 351 8 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 351 9 of of IN 31627 351 10 active active JJ 31627 351 11 or or CC 31627 351 12 dormant dormant JJ 31627 351 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 351 14 vents vent NNS 31627 351 15 has have VBZ 31627 351 16 been be VBN 31627 351 17 pointed point VBN 31627 351 18 out out RP 31627 351 19 by by IN 31627 351 20 Humboldt Humboldt NNP 31627 351 21 , , , 31627 351 22 Von Von NNP 31627 351 23 Buch Buch NNP 31627 351 24 , , , 31627 351 25 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 351 26 , , , 31627 351 27 and and CC 31627 351 28 other other JJ 31627 351 29 writers writer NNS 31627 351 30 . . . 31627 352 1 The the DT 31627 352 2 great great JJ 31627 352 3 range range NN 31627 352 4 of of IN 31627 352 5 burning burn VBG 31627 352 6 mountains mountain NNS 31627 352 7 of of IN 31627 352 8 the the DT 31627 352 9 Andes Andes NNP 31627 352 10 of of IN 31627 352 11 Chili Chili NNP 31627 352 12 , , , 31627 352 13 Peru Peru NNP 31627 352 14 , , , 31627 352 15 Bolivia Bolivia NNP 31627 352 16 , , , 31627 352 17 and and CC 31627 352 18 Mexico Mexico NNP 31627 352 19 , , , 31627 352 20 that that DT 31627 352 21 of of IN 31627 352 22 the the DT 31627 352 23 Aleutian Aleutian NNP 31627 352 24 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 352 25 , , , 31627 352 26 of of IN 31627 352 27 Kamtschatka Kamtschatka NNP 31627 352 28 and and CC 31627 352 29 the the DT 31627 352 30 Kurile Kurile NNP 31627 352 31 Islands Islands NNP 31627 352 32 , , , 31627 352 33 extending extend VBG 31627 352 34 southwards southward NNS 31627 352 35 into into IN 31627 352 36 the the DT 31627 352 37 Philippines Philippines NNPS 31627 352 38 , , , 31627 352 39 and and CC 31627 352 40 the the DT 31627 352 41 branching branching NN 31627 352 42 range range NN 31627 352 43 of of IN 31627 352 44 the the DT 31627 352 45 Sunda Sunda NNP 31627 352 46 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 352 47 are be VBP 31627 352 48 well well RB 31627 352 49 - - HYPH 31627 352 50 known know VBN 31627 352 51 examples example NNS 31627 352 52 . . . 31627 353 1 That that DT 31627 353 2 of of IN 31627 353 3 the the DT 31627 353 4 West West NNP 31627 353 5 Indian Indian NNP 31627 353 6 Islands Islands NNP 31627 353 7 , , , 31627 353 8 ranging range VBG 31627 353 9 from from IN 31627 353 10 Grenada Grenada NNP 31627 353 11 through through IN 31627 353 12 St. St. NNP 31627 353 13 Vincent Vincent NNP 31627 353 14 , , , 31627 353 15 St. St. NNP 31627 353 16 Lucia Lucia NNP 31627 353 17 , , , 31627 353 18 Martinique Martinique NNP 31627 353 19 , , , 31627 353 20 Dominica Dominica NNP 31627 353 21 , , , 31627 353 22 Guadeloupe Guadeloupe NNP 31627 353 23 , , , 31627 353 24 Montserrat Montserrat NNP 31627 353 25 , , , 31627 353 26 Nevis Nevis NNP 31627 353 27 , , , 31627 353 28 and and CC 31627 353 29 St. St. NNP 31627 353 30 Eustace,[1 Eustace,[1 NNP 31627 353 31 ] ] -RRB- 31627 353 32 is be VBZ 31627 353 33 also also RB 31627 353 34 a a DT 31627 353 35 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 353 36 example example NN 31627 353 37 of of IN 31627 353 38 the the DT 31627 353 39 linear linear JJ 31627 353 40 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 353 41 of of IN 31627 353 42 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 353 43 mountains mountain NNS 31627 353 44 . . . 31627 354 1 On on IN 31627 354 2 tracing trace VBG 31627 354 3 these these DT 31627 354 4 ranges range NNS 31627 354 5 on on IN 31627 354 6 a a DT 31627 354 7 map map NN 31627 354 8 of of IN 31627 354 9 the the DT 31627 354 10 world[2 world[2 NNPS 31627 354 11 ] ] -RRB- 31627 354 12 ( ( -LRB- 31627 354 13 Map Map NNP 31627 354 14 , , , 31627 354 15 p. p. NN 31627 354 16 23 23 CD 31627 354 17 ) ) -RRB- 31627 354 18 , , , 31627 354 19 it -PRON- PRP 31627 354 20 will will MD 31627 354 21 be be VB 31627 354 22 observed observe VBN 31627 354 23 that that IN 31627 354 24 they -PRON- PRP 31627 354 25 are be VBP 31627 354 26 either either CC 31627 354 27 strings string NNS 31627 354 28 of of IN 31627 354 29 islands island NNS 31627 354 30 , , , 31627 354 31 or or CC 31627 354 32 lie lie VBP 31627 354 33 in in IN 31627 354 34 proximity proximity NN 31627 354 35 to to IN 31627 354 36 the the DT 31627 354 37 ocean ocean NN 31627 354 38 ; ; : 31627 354 39 and and CC 31627 354 40 hence hence RB 31627 354 41 the the DT 31627 354 42 view view NN 31627 354 43 was be VBD 31627 354 44 naturally naturally RB 31627 354 45 entertained entertain VBN 31627 354 46 by by IN 31627 354 47 some some DT 31627 354 48 writers writer NNS 31627 354 49 that that IN 31627 354 50 oceanic oceanic JJ 31627 354 51 water water NN 31627 354 52 , , , 31627 354 53 or or CC 31627 354 54 at at IN 31627 354 55 any any DT 31627 354 56 rate rate NN 31627 354 57 that that DT 31627 354 58 of of IN 31627 354 59 a a DT 31627 354 60 large large JJ 31627 354 61 lake lake NN 31627 354 62 or or CC 31627 354 63 sea sea NN 31627 354 64 , , , 31627 354 65 was be VBD 31627 354 66 a a DT 31627 354 67 necessary necessary JJ 31627 354 68 agent agent NN 31627 354 69 in in IN 31627 354 70 the the DT 31627 354 71 production production NN 31627 354 72 of of IN 31627 354 73 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 354 74 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 354 75 . . . 31627 355 1 This this DT 31627 355 2 view view NN 31627 355 3 seems seem VBZ 31627 355 4 to to TO 31627 355 5 receive receive VB 31627 355 6 further further JJ 31627 355 7 corroboration corroboration NN 31627 355 8 from from IN 31627 355 9 the the DT 31627 355 10 fact fact NN 31627 355 11 that that IN 31627 355 12 the the DT 31627 355 13 interior interior JJ 31627 355 14 portions portion NNS 31627 355 15 of of IN 31627 355 16 the the DT 31627 355 17 continents continent NNS 31627 355 18 and and CC 31627 355 19 large large JJ 31627 355 20 islands island NNS 31627 355 21 such such JJ 31627 355 22 as as IN 31627 355 23 Australia Australia NNP 31627 355 24 are be VBP 31627 355 25 destitute destitute JJ 31627 355 26 of of IN 31627 355 27 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 355 28 in in IN 31627 355 29 action action NN 31627 355 30 , , , 31627 355 31 with with IN 31627 355 32 the the DT 31627 355 33 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 355 34 exceptions exception NNS 31627 355 35 of of IN 31627 355 36 Mounts Mounts NNPS 31627 355 37 Kenia Kenia NNP 31627 355 38 and and CC 31627 355 39 Kilimanjaro Kilimanjaro NNP 31627 355 40 in in IN 31627 355 41 Central Central NNP 31627 355 42 Africa Africa NNP 31627 355 43 , , , 31627 355 44 and and CC 31627 355 45 a a DT 31627 355 46 few few JJ 31627 355 47 others other NNS 31627 355 48 . . . 31627 356 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 356 2 is be VBZ 31627 356 3 also also RB 31627 356 4 very very RB 31627 356 5 significant significant JJ 31627 356 6 in in IN 31627 356 7 this this DT 31627 356 8 connection connection NN 31627 356 9 that that IN 31627 356 10 many many JJ 31627 356 11 of of IN 31627 356 12 the the DT 31627 356 13 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 356 14 now now RB 31627 356 15 extinct extinct VBP 31627 356 16 , , , 31627 356 17 or or CC 31627 356 18 at at IN 31627 356 19 least least JJS 31627 356 20 dormant dormant JJ 31627 356 21 , , , 31627 356 22 both both DT 31627 356 23 in in IN 31627 356 24 Europe Europe NNP 31627 356 25 and and CC 31627 356 26 Asia Asia NNP 31627 356 27 , , , 31627 356 28 appear appear VBP 31627 356 29 to to TO 31627 356 30 have have VB 31627 356 31 been be VBN 31627 356 32 in in IN 31627 356 33 proximity proximity NN 31627 356 34 to to IN 31627 356 35 sheets sheet NNS 31627 356 36 of of IN 31627 356 37 water water NN 31627 356 38 during during IN 31627 356 39 the the DT 31627 356 40 period period NN 31627 356 41 of of IN 31627 356 42 activity activity NN 31627 356 43 . . . 31627 357 1 Thus thus RB 31627 357 2 the the DT 31627 357 3 old old JJ 31627 357 4 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 357 5 of of IN 31627 357 6 the the DT 31627 357 7 Haurân Haurân NNP 31627 357 8 , , , 31627 357 9 east east NN 31627 357 10 of of IN 31627 357 11 the the DT 31627 357 12 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 357 13 , , , 31627 357 14 appear appear VBP 31627 357 15 to to TO 31627 357 16 have have VB 31627 357 17 been be VBN 31627 357 18 active active JJ 31627 357 19 at at IN 31627 357 20 the the DT 31627 357 21 period period NN 31627 357 22 when when WRB 31627 357 23 the the DT 31627 357 24 present present JJ 31627 357 25 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 357 26 valley valley NN 31627 357 27 was be VBD 31627 357 28 filled fill VBN 31627 357 29 with with IN 31627 357 30 water water NN 31627 357 31 to to IN 31627 357 32 such such PDT 31627 357 33 an an DT 31627 357 34 extent extent NN 31627 357 35 as as IN 31627 357 36 to to TO 31627 357 37 constitute constitute VB 31627 357 38 a a DT 31627 357 39 lake lake NN 31627 357 40 two two CD 31627 357 41 hundred hundred CD 31627 357 42 miles mile NNS 31627 357 43 in in IN 31627 357 44 length length NN 31627 357 45 , , , 31627 357 46 but but CC 31627 357 47 which which WDT 31627 357 48 has have VBZ 31627 357 49 now now RB 31627 357 50 shrunk shrink VBN 31627 357 51 back back RB 31627 357 52 to to IN 31627 357 53 within within IN 31627 357 54 the the DT 31627 357 55 present present JJ 31627 357 56 limits limit NNS 31627 357 57 of of IN 31627 357 58 the the DT 31627 357 59 Dead Dead NNP 31627 357 60 Sea Sea NNP 31627 357 61 . . . 31627 358 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 358 2 3 3 LS 31627 358 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 358 4 Again again RB 31627 358 5 , , , 31627 358 6 at at IN 31627 358 7 the the DT 31627 358 8 period period NN 31627 358 9 when when WRB 31627 358 10 the the DT 31627 358 11 extinct extinct JJ 31627 358 12 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 358 13 of of IN 31627 358 14 Central Central NNP 31627 358 15 France France NNP 31627 358 16 were be VBD 31627 358 17 in in IN 31627 358 18 active active JJ 31627 358 19 operation operation NN 31627 358 20 , , , 31627 358 21 an an DT 31627 358 22 extensive extensive JJ 31627 358 23 lake lake NN 31627 358 24 overspread overspread VB 31627 358 25 the the DT 31627 358 26 tract tract NN 31627 358 27 lying lie VBG 31627 358 28 to to IN 31627 358 29 the the DT 31627 358 30 east east NN 31627 358 31 of of IN 31627 358 32 the the DT 31627 358 33 granitic granitic JJ 31627 358 34 plateau plateau NN 31627 358 35 on on IN 31627 358 36 which which WDT 31627 358 37 the the DT 31627 358 38 craters crater NNS 31627 358 39 and and CC 31627 358 40 domes dome NNS 31627 358 41 are be VBP 31627 358 42 planted plant VBN 31627 358 43 , , , 31627 358 44 now now RB 31627 358 45 constituting constitute VBG 31627 358 46 the the DT 31627 358 47 rich rich JJ 31627 358 48 and and CC 31627 358 49 fertile fertile JJ 31627 358 50 plain plain NN 31627 358 51 of of IN 31627 358 52 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 358 53 . . . 31627 359 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 359 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 359 3 : : : 31627 359 4 Map Map NNP 31627 359 5 Of of IN 31627 359 6 The the DT 31627 359 7 World world NN 31627 359 8 Showing show VBG 31627 359 9 Active Active NNP 31627 359 10 And and CC 31627 359 11 Extinct Extinct NNP 31627 359 12 Volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 359 13 ( ( -LRB- 31627 359 14 Large large JJ 31627 359 15 Dots dot NNS 31627 359 16 ) ) -RRB- 31627 359 17 ] ] -RRB- 31627 359 18 Such such JJ 31627 359 19 instances instance NNS 31627 359 20 are be VBP 31627 359 21 too too RB 31627 359 22 significant significant JJ 31627 359 23 to to TO 31627 359 24 allow allow VB 31627 359 25 us -PRON- PRP 31627 359 26 to to TO 31627 359 27 doubt doubt VB 31627 359 28 that that DT 31627 359 29 water water NN 31627 359 30 in in IN 31627 359 31 some some DT 31627 359 32 form form NN 31627 359 33 is be VBZ 31627 359 34 very very RB 31627 359 35 generally generally RB 31627 359 36 connected connect VBN 31627 359 37 with with IN 31627 359 38 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 359 39 operations operation NNS 31627 359 40 ; ; : 31627 359 41 but but CC 31627 359 42 it -PRON- PRP 31627 359 43 does do VBZ 31627 359 44 not not RB 31627 359 45 follow follow VB 31627 359 46 that that IN 31627 359 47 it -PRON- PRP 31627 359 48 was be VBD 31627 359 49 necessary necessary JJ 31627 359 50 to to IN 31627 359 51 the the DT 31627 359 52 original original JJ 31627 359 53 formation formation NN 31627 359 54 of of IN 31627 359 55 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 359 56 vents vent NNS 31627 359 57 , , , 31627 359 58 whether whether IN 31627 359 59 linear linear JJ 31627 359 60 or or CC 31627 359 61 sporadic sporadic JJ 31627 359 62 . . . 31627 360 1 If if IN 31627 360 2 this this DT 31627 360 3 were be VBD 31627 360 4 so so RB 31627 360 5 , , , 31627 360 6 the the DT 31627 360 7 extinct extinct JJ 31627 360 8 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 360 9 of of IN 31627 360 10 the the DT 31627 360 11 British british JJ 31627 360 12 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 360 13 would would MD 31627 360 14 still still RB 31627 360 15 be be VB 31627 360 16 active active JJ 31627 360 17 , , , 31627 360 18 as as IN 31627 360 19 they -PRON- PRP 31627 360 20 are be VBP 31627 360 21 close close JJ 31627 360 22 to to IN 31627 360 23 the the DT 31627 360 24 sea sea NN 31627 360 25 - - HYPH 31627 360 26 margin margin NN 31627 360 27 , , , 31627 360 28 and and CC 31627 360 29 no no DT 31627 360 30 volcano volcano NN 31627 360 31 would would MD 31627 360 32 now now RB 31627 360 33 be be VB 31627 360 34 active active JJ 31627 360 35 which which WDT 31627 360 36 is be VBZ 31627 360 37 not not RB 31627 360 38 near near JJ 31627 360 39 to to IN 31627 360 40 some some DT 31627 360 41 large large JJ 31627 360 42 sheet sheet NN 31627 360 43 of of IN 31627 360 44 water water NN 31627 360 45 . . . 31627 361 1 But but CC 31627 361 2 Jorullo Jorullo NNP 31627 361 3 , , , 31627 361 4 one one CD 31627 361 5 of of IN 31627 361 6 the the DT 31627 361 7 great great JJ 31627 361 8 active active JJ 31627 361 9 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 361 10 of of IN 31627 361 11 Mexico Mexico NNP 31627 361 12 , , , 31627 361 13 lies lie VBZ 31627 361 14 no no DT 31627 361 15 less less JJR 31627 361 16 than than IN 31627 361 17 120 120 CD 31627 361 18 miles mile NNS 31627 361 19 from from IN 31627 361 20 the the DT 31627 361 21 ocean ocean NN 31627 361 22 , , , 31627 361 23 and and CC 31627 361 24 Cotopaxi Cotopaxi NNP 31627 361 25 , , , 31627 361 26 in in IN 31627 361 27 Ecuador Ecuador NNP 31627 361 28 , , , 31627 361 29 is be VBZ 31627 361 30 nearly nearly RB 31627 361 31 equally equally RB 31627 361 32 distant distant JJ 31627 361 33 . . . 31627 362 1 Kilimanjaro Kilimanjaro NNP 31627 362 2 , , , 31627 362 3 18,881 18,881 CD 31627 362 4 feet foot NNS 31627 362 5 high high JJ 31627 362 6 , , , 31627 362 7 and and CC 31627 362 8 Kenia Kenia NNP 31627 362 9 , , , 31627 362 10 in in IN 31627 362 11 the the DT 31627 362 12 equatorial equatorial JJ 31627 362 13 regions region NNS 31627 362 14 of of IN 31627 362 15 Central Central NNP 31627 362 16 Africa Africa NNP 31627 362 17 , , , 31627 362 18 are be VBP 31627 362 19 about about RB 31627 362 20 150 150 CD 31627 362 21 miles mile NNS 31627 362 22 from from IN 31627 362 23 the the DT 31627 362 24 Victoria Victoria NNP 31627 362 25 Nyanza Nyanza NNP 31627 362 26 , , , 31627 362 27 and and CC 31627 362 28 a a DT 31627 362 29 still still RB 31627 362 30 greater great JJR 31627 362 31 distance distance NN 31627 362 32 from from IN 31627 362 33 the the DT 31627 362 34 ocean ocean NN 31627 362 35 ; ; : 31627 362 36 and and CC 31627 362 37 Mount Mount NNP 31627 362 38 Demavend Demavend NNP 31627 362 39 , , , 31627 362 40 in in IN 31627 362 41 Persia Persia NNP 31627 362 42 , , , 31627 362 43 which which WDT 31627 362 44 rises rise VBZ 31627 362 45 to to IN 31627 362 46 an an DT 31627 362 47 elevation elevation NN 31627 362 48 of of IN 31627 362 49 18,464 18,464 CD 31627 362 50 feet foot NNS 31627 362 51 near near IN 31627 362 52 the the DT 31627 362 53 southern southern JJ 31627 362 54 shore shore NN 31627 362 55 of of IN 31627 362 56 the the DT 31627 362 57 Caspian Caspian NNP 31627 362 58 Sea Sea NNP 31627 362 59 , , , 31627 362 60 a a DT 31627 362 61 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 362 62 mountain mountain NN 31627 362 63 of of IN 31627 362 64 the the DT 31627 362 65 first first JJ 31627 362 66 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 362 67 , , , 31627 362 68 is be VBZ 31627 362 69 now now RB 31627 362 70 extinct extinct JJ 31627 362 71 or or CC 31627 362 72 dormant dormant JJ 31627 362 73 . . . 31627 363 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 363 2 4 4 LS 31627 363 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 363 4 Such such JJ 31627 363 5 facts fact NNS 31627 363 6 as as IN 31627 363 7 these these DT 31627 363 8 all all DT 31627 363 9 tend tend VBP 31627 363 10 to to TO 31627 363 11 show show VB 31627 363 12 that that IN 31627 363 13 although although IN 31627 363 14 water water NN 31627 363 15 may may MD 31627 363 16 be be VB 31627 363 17 an an DT 31627 363 18 accessory accessory NN 31627 363 19 of of IN 31627 363 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 363 21 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 363 22 , , , 31627 363 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 363 24 is be VBZ 31627 363 25 not not RB 31627 363 26 in in IN 31627 363 27 all all DT 31627 363 28 cases case NNS 31627 363 29 essential essential JJ 31627 363 30 ; ; : 31627 363 31 and and CC 31627 363 32 we -PRON- PRP 31627 363 33 are be VBP 31627 363 34 obliged obliged JJ 31627 363 35 , , , 31627 363 36 therefore therefore RB 31627 363 37 , , , 31627 363 38 to to TO 31627 363 39 have have VB 31627 363 40 recourse recourse VBN 31627 363 41 to to IN 31627 363 42 some some DT 31627 363 43 other other JJ 31627 363 44 theory theory NN 31627 363 45 of of IN 31627 363 46 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 363 47 action action NN 31627 363 48 differing differ VBG 31627 363 49 from from IN 31627 363 50 that that DT 31627 363 51 which which WDT 31627 363 52 would would MD 31627 363 53 attribute attribute VB 31627 363 54 it -PRON- PRP 31627 363 55 to to IN 31627 363 56 the the DT 31627 363 57 access access NN 31627 363 58 of of IN 31627 363 59 water water NN 31627 363 60 to to IN 31627 363 61 highly highly RB 31627 363 62 heated heated JJ 31627 363 63 or or CC 31627 363 64 molten molten JJ 31627 363 65 matter matter NN 31627 363 66 within within IN 31627 363 67 the the DT 31627 363 68 crust crust NN 31627 363 69 of of IN 31627 363 70 the the DT 31627 363 71 earth earth NN 31627 363 72 . . . 31627 364 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 364 2 _ _ NNP 31627 364 3 b. b. NNP 31627 364 4 _ _ NNP 31627 364 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 364 6 _ _ NNP 31627 364 7 Leopold Leopold NNP 31627 364 8 von von NNP 31627 364 9 Buch Buch NNP 31627 364 10 on on IN 31627 364 11 Rents Rents NNPS 31627 364 12 and and CC 31627 364 13 Fissures Fissures NNPS 31627 364 14 in in IN 31627 364 15 the the DT 31627 364 16 Earth Earth NNP 31627 364 17 's 's POS 31627 364 18 Crust._--The Crust._--The NNP 31627 364 19 view view NN 31627 364 20 of of IN 31627 364 21 Leopold Leopold NNP 31627 364 22 von von NNP 31627 364 23 Buch Buch NNP 31627 364 24 , , , 31627 364 25 who who WP 31627 364 26 considered consider VBD 31627 364 27 that that IN 31627 364 28 the the DT 31627 364 29 great great JJ 31627 364 30 lines line NNS 31627 364 31 of of IN 31627 364 32 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 364 33 mountains mountain NNS 31627 364 34 above above IN 31627 364 35 referred refer VBD 31627 364 36 to to TO 31627 364 37 rise rise VB 31627 364 38 along along IN 31627 364 39 the the DT 31627 364 40 borders border NNS 31627 364 41 of of IN 31627 364 42 rents rent NNS 31627 364 43 , , , 31627 364 44 or or CC 31627 364 45 fissures fissure NNS 31627 364 46 , , , 31627 364 47 in in IN 31627 364 48 the the DT 31627 364 49 earth earth NN 31627 364 50 's 's POS 31627 364 51 crust crust NN 31627 364 52 , , , 31627 364 53 is be VBZ 31627 364 54 one one CD 31627 364 55 which which WDT 31627 364 56 is be VBZ 31627 364 57 inherently inherently RB 31627 364 58 probable probable JJ 31627 364 59 , , , 31627 364 60 and and CC 31627 364 61 is be VBZ 31627 364 62 in in IN 31627 364 63 keeping keep VBG 31627 364 64 with with IN 31627 364 65 observation observation NN 31627 364 66 . . . 31627 365 1 That that IN 31627 365 2 the the DT 31627 365 3 crust crust NN 31627 365 4 of of IN 31627 365 5 the the DT 31627 365 6 globe globe NN 31627 365 7 is be VBZ 31627 365 8 to to IN 31627 365 9 a a DT 31627 365 10 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 365 11 extent extent NN 31627 365 12 fissured fissure VBN 31627 365 13 and and CC 31627 365 14 torn tear VBN 31627 365 15 in in IN 31627 365 16 all all DT 31627 365 17 directions direction NNS 31627 365 18 is be VBZ 31627 365 19 a a DT 31627 365 20 phenomenon phenomenon NN 31627 365 21 familiar familiar JJ 31627 365 22 to to IN 31627 365 23 all all DT 31627 365 24 field field NN 31627 365 25 geologists geologist NNS 31627 365 26 . . . 31627 366 1 Such such JJ 31627 366 2 rents rent NNS 31627 366 3 and and CC 31627 366 4 fissures fissure NNS 31627 366 5 are be VBP 31627 366 6 often often RB 31627 366 7 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 366 8 by by IN 31627 366 9 displacement displacement NN 31627 366 10 of of IN 31627 366 11 the the DT 31627 366 12 strata strata NN 31627 366 13 , , , 31627 366 14 owing owe VBG 31627 366 15 to to IN 31627 366 16 which which WDT 31627 366 17 the the DT 31627 366 18 crust crust NN 31627 366 19 has have VBZ 31627 366 20 been be VBN 31627 366 21 vertically vertically RB 31627 366 22 elevated elevate VBN 31627 366 23 on on IN 31627 366 24 one one CD 31627 366 25 side side NN 31627 366 26 or or CC 31627 366 27 lowered lower VBD 31627 366 28 on on IN 31627 366 29 the the DT 31627 366 30 other other JJ 31627 366 31 , , , 31627 366 32 and and CC 31627 366 33 such such JJ 31627 366 34 displacements displacement NNS 31627 366 35 ( ( -LRB- 31627 366 36 or or CC 31627 366 37 " " `` 31627 366 38 faults fault NNS 31627 366 39 " " '' 31627 366 40 ) ) -RRB- 31627 366 41 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 366 42 amount amount VBP 31627 366 43 to to IN 31627 366 44 thousands thousand NNS 31627 366 45 of of IN 31627 366 46 feet foot NNS 31627 366 47 . . . 31627 367 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 367 2 is be VBZ 31627 367 3 only only RB 31627 367 4 occasionally occasionally RB 31627 367 5 , , , 31627 367 6 however however RB 31627 367 7 , , , 31627 367 8 that that IN 31627 367 9 such such JJ 31627 367 10 fractures fracture NNS 31627 367 11 are be VBP 31627 367 12 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 367 13 by by IN 31627 367 14 the the DT 31627 367 15 extrusion extrusion NN 31627 367 16 of of IN 31627 367 17 molten molten JJ 31627 367 18 matter matter NN 31627 367 19 ; ; : 31627 367 20 and and CC 31627 367 21 in in IN 31627 367 22 the the DT 31627 367 23 North North NNP 31627 367 24 of of IN 31627 367 25 England England NNP 31627 367 26 and and CC 31627 367 27 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 367 28 dykes dyke VBZ 31627 367 29 of of IN 31627 367 30 igneous igneous JJ 31627 367 31 rock rock NN 31627 367 32 , , , 31627 367 33 such such JJ 31627 367 34 as as IN 31627 367 35 basalt basalt NN 31627 367 36 , , , 31627 367 37 which which WDT 31627 367 38 run run VBP 31627 367 39 across across IN 31627 367 40 the the DT 31627 367 41 country country NN 31627 367 42 for for IN 31627 367 43 many many JJ 31627 367 44 miles mile NNS 31627 367 45 in in IN 31627 367 46 nearly nearly RB 31627 367 47 straight straight JJ 31627 367 48 lines line NNS 31627 367 49 , , , 31627 367 50 often often RB 31627 367 51 cut cut VBD 31627 367 52 across across IN 31627 367 53 the the DT 31627 367 54 faults fault NNS 31627 367 55 , , , 31627 367 56 and and CC 31627 367 57 are be VBP 31627 367 58 only only RB 31627 367 59 rarely rarely RB 31627 367 60 coincident coincident JJ 31627 367 61 with with IN 31627 367 62 them -PRON- PRP 31627 367 63 . . . 31627 368 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 31627 368 2 , , , 31627 368 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 368 4 can can MD 31627 368 5 scarcely scarcely RB 31627 368 6 be be VB 31627 368 7 a a DT 31627 368 8 question question NN 31627 368 9 that that WDT 31627 368 10 the the DT 31627 368 11 grand grand JJ 31627 368 12 chain chain NN 31627 368 13 of of IN 31627 368 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 368 15 mountains mountain NNS 31627 368 16 which which WDT 31627 368 17 stretches stretch VBZ 31627 368 18 almost almost RB 31627 368 19 continuously continuously RB 31627 368 20 along along IN 31627 368 21 the the DT 31627 368 22 Andes Andes NNP 31627 368 23 of of IN 31627 368 24 South South NNP 31627 368 25 America America NNP 31627 368 26 , , , 31627 368 27 and and CC 31627 368 28 northwards northward NNS 31627 368 29 through through IN 31627 368 30 Mexico Mexico NNP 31627 368 31 , , , 31627 368 32 has have VBZ 31627 368 33 been be VBN 31627 368 34 piled pile VBN 31627 368 35 up up RP 31627 368 36 along along IN 31627 368 37 the the DT 31627 368 38 line line NN 31627 368 39 of of IN 31627 368 40 a a DT 31627 368 41 system system NN 31627 368 42 of of IN 31627 368 43 fissures fissure NNS 31627 368 44 in in IN 31627 368 45 the the DT 31627 368 46 fundamental fundamental JJ 31627 368 47 rocks rock NNS 31627 368 48 parallel parallel JJ 31627 368 49 to to IN 31627 368 50 the the DT 31627 368 51 coast coast NN 31627 368 52 , , , 31627 368 53 though though IN 31627 368 54 not not RB 31627 368 55 actually actually RB 31627 368 56 coincident coincident JJ 31627 368 57 therewith therewith NNP 31627 368 58 . . . 31627 369 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 369 2 _ _ NNP 31627 369 3 c. c. NNP 31627 369 4 _ _ NNP 31627 369 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 369 6 _ _ NNP 31627 369 7 The the DT 31627 369 8 Cordilleras Cordilleras NNP 31627 369 9 of of IN 31627 369 10 Quito._--The Quito._--The NNP 31627 369 11 structure structure NN 31627 369 12 and and CC 31627 369 13 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 369 14 of of IN 31627 369 15 the the DT 31627 369 16 Cordilleras Cordilleras NNP 31627 369 17 of of IN 31627 369 18 Quito Quito NNP 31627 369 19 , , , 31627 369 20 for for IN 31627 369 21 example example NN 31627 369 22 , , , 31627 369 23 are be VBP 31627 369 24 eminently eminently RB 31627 369 25 suggestive suggestive NN 31627 369 26 of of IN 31627 369 27 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 369 28 along along IN 31627 369 29 lines line NNS 31627 369 30 of of IN 31627 369 31 fissure fissure NN 31627 369 32 . . . 31627 370 1 As as IN 31627 370 2 shown show VBN 31627 370 3 by by IN 31627 370 4 Alexander Alexander NNP 31627 370 5 von von NNP 31627 370 6 Humboldt,[5 Humboldt,[5 NNP 31627 370 7 ] ] -RRB- 31627 370 8 the the DT 31627 370 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 370 10 mountains mountain NNS 31627 370 11 are be VBP 31627 370 12 disposed dispose VBN 31627 370 13 in in IN 31627 370 14 two two CD 31627 370 15 parallel parallel JJ 31627 370 16 chains chain NNS 31627 370 17 , , , 31627 370 18 which which WDT 31627 370 19 run run VBP 31627 370 20 side side NN 31627 370 21 by by IN 31627 370 22 side side NN 31627 370 23 for for IN 31627 370 24 a a DT 31627 370 25 distance distance NN 31627 370 26 of of IN 31627 370 27 over over IN 31627 370 28 500 500 CD 31627 370 29 miles mile NNS 31627 370 30 northwards northward NNS 31627 370 31 into into IN 31627 370 32 the the DT 31627 370 33 State State NNP 31627 370 34 of of IN 31627 370 35 Columbia Columbia NNP 31627 370 36 , , , 31627 370 37 and and CC 31627 370 38 enclose enclose VB 31627 370 39 between between IN 31627 370 40 them -PRON- PRP 31627 370 41 the the DT 31627 370 42 high high JJ 31627 370 43 plains plain NNS 31627 370 44 of of IN 31627 370 45 Quito Quito NNP 31627 370 46 and and CC 31627 370 47 Lacunga Lacunga NNP 31627 370 48 . . . 31627 371 1 Along along IN 31627 371 2 the the DT 31627 371 3 eastern eastern JJ 31627 371 4 chain chain NN 31627 371 5 are be VBP 31627 371 6 the the DT 31627 371 7 great great JJ 31627 371 8 cones cone NNS 31627 371 9 of of IN 31627 371 10 El El NNP 31627 371 11 Altar Altar NNP 31627 371 12 , , , 31627 371 13 rising rise VBG 31627 371 14 to to IN 31627 371 15 an an DT 31627 371 16 elevation elevation NN 31627 371 17 of of IN 31627 371 18 16,383 16,383 CD 31627 371 19 feet foot NNS 31627 371 20 above above IN 31627 371 21 the the DT 31627 371 22 ocean ocean NN 31627 371 23 , , , 31627 371 24 and and CC 31627 371 25 having have VBG 31627 371 26 an an DT 31627 371 27 enormous enormous JJ 31627 371 28 crater crater NN 31627 371 29 apparently apparently RB 31627 371 30 dormant dormant JJ 31627 371 31 or or CC 31627 371 32 extinct extinct JJ 31627 371 33 , , , 31627 371 34 and and CC 31627 371 35 covered cover VBN 31627 371 36 with with IN 31627 371 37 snow snow NN 31627 371 38 ; ; : 31627 371 39 then then RB 31627 371 40 Cotopaxi Cotopaxi NNP 31627 371 41 ( ( -LRB- 31627 371 42 Fig Fig NNP 31627 371 43 . . . 31627 372 1 2 2 LS 31627 372 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 372 3 , , , 31627 372 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 372 5 sides side NNS 31627 372 6 covered cover VBN 31627 372 7 with with IN 31627 372 8 snow snow NN 31627 372 9 , , , 31627 372 10 and and CC 31627 372 11 sending send VBG 31627 372 12 forth forth RB 31627 372 13 from from IN 31627 372 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 372 15 crater crater NN 31627 372 16 several several JJ 31627 372 17 columns column NNS 31627 372 18 of of IN 31627 372 19 smoke smoke NN 31627 372 20 ; ; : 31627 372 21 then then RB 31627 372 22 Guamani Guamani NNP 31627 372 23 and and CC 31627 372 24 Cayambe Cayambe NNP 31627 372 25 ( ( -LRB- 31627 372 26 19,000 19,000 CD 31627 372 27 feet foot NNS 31627 372 28 ) ) -RRB- 31627 372 29 , , , 31627 372 30 huge huge JJ 31627 372 31 truncated truncate VBN 31627 372 32 cones cone NNS 31627 372 33 apparently apparently RB 31627 372 34 extinct extinct JJ 31627 372 35 ; ; : 31627 372 36 these these DT 31627 372 37 constitute constitute VBP 31627 372 38 the the DT 31627 372 39 eastern eastern JJ 31627 372 40 chain chain NN 31627 372 41 of of IN 31627 372 42 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 372 43 heights height NNS 31627 372 44 . . . 31627 373 1 The the DT 31627 373 2 western western JJ 31627 373 3 chain chain NN 31627 373 4 contains contain VBZ 31627 373 5 even even RB 31627 373 6 loftier lofty JJR 31627 373 7 mountains mountain NNS 31627 373 8 . . . 31627 374 1 Here here RB 31627 374 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 374 3 find find VBP 31627 374 4 the the DT 31627 374 5 gigantic gigantic JJ 31627 374 6 Chimborazo Chimborazo NNP 31627 374 7 , , , 31627 374 8 an an DT 31627 374 9 extinct extinct JJ 31627 374 10 volcano volcano NN 31627 374 11 whose whose WP$ 31627 374 12 summit summit NN 31627 374 13 is be VBZ 31627 374 14 white white JJ 31627 374 15 with with IN 31627 374 16 snow snow NN 31627 374 17 ; ; : 31627 374 18 Carihuairazo[6 Carihuairazo[6 NNP 31627 374 19 ] ] -RRB- 31627 374 20 and and CC 31627 374 21 Illiniza Illiniza NNP 31627 374 22 , , , 31627 374 23 a a DT 31627 374 24 lofty lofty JJ 31627 374 25 pointed pointed JJ 31627 374 26 peak peak NN 31627 374 27 like like IN 31627 374 28 the the DT 31627 374 29 Matterhorn Matterhorn NNP 31627 374 30 ; ; : 31627 374 31 Corazon Corazon NNP 31627 374 32 , , , 31627 374 33 a a DT 31627 374 34 snow snow NN 31627 374 35 - - HYPH 31627 374 36 clad clothe VBN 31627 374 37 dome dome NN 31627 374 38 , , , 31627 374 39 reaching reach VBG 31627 374 40 a a DT 31627 374 41 height height NN 31627 374 42 of of IN 31627 374 43 15,871 15,871 CD 31627 374 44 feet foot NNS 31627 374 45 ; ; : 31627 374 46 Atacazo Atacazo NNP 31627 374 47 and and CC 31627 374 48 Pichincha Pichincha NNP 31627 374 49 , , , 31627 374 50 the the DT 31627 374 51 latter latter JJ 31627 374 52 an an DT 31627 374 53 extinct extinct JJ 31627 374 54 volcano volcano NN 31627 374 55 reaching reach VBG 31627 374 56 an an DT 31627 374 57 elevation elevation NN 31627 374 58 of of IN 31627 374 59 15,920 15,920 CD 31627 374 60 feet foot NNS 31627 374 61 ; ; , 31627 374 62 such such JJ 31627 374 63 is be VBZ 31627 374 64 the the DT 31627 374 65 western western JJ 31627 374 66 chain chain NN 31627 374 67 , , , 31627 374 68 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 374 69 for for IN 31627 374 70 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 374 71 straightness straightness NN 31627 374 72 , , , 31627 374 73 the the DT 31627 374 74 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 374 75 cones cone NNS 31627 374 76 being be VBG 31627 374 77 planted plant VBN 31627 374 78 in in IN 31627 374 79 one one CD 31627 374 80 grand grand JJ 31627 374 81 procession procession NN 31627 374 82 from from IN 31627 374 83 south south NNP 31627 374 84 to to IN 31627 374 85 north north NN 31627 374 86 . . . 31627 375 1 This this DT 31627 375 2 rectilinear rectilinear JJ 31627 375 3 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 375 4 of of IN 31627 375 5 the the DT 31627 375 6 western western JJ 31627 375 7 chain chain NN 31627 375 8 , , , 31627 375 9 only only RB 31627 375 10 a a DT 31627 375 11 little little RB 31627 375 12 less less RBR 31627 375 13 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 31627 375 14 in in IN 31627 375 15 the the DT 31627 375 16 eastern eastern NN 31627 375 17 , , , 31627 375 18 is be VBZ 31627 375 19 very very RB 31627 375 20 suggestive suggestive JJ 31627 375 21 of of IN 31627 375 22 a a DT 31627 375 23 line line NN 31627 375 24 of of IN 31627 375 25 fracture fracture NN 31627 375 26 in in IN 31627 375 27 the the DT 31627 375 28 crust crust NN 31627 375 29 beneath beneath RB 31627 375 30 . . . 31627 376 1 And and CC 31627 376 2 when when WRB 31627 376 3 we -PRON- PRP 31627 376 4 contemplate contemplate VBP 31627 376 5 the the DT 31627 376 6 prodigious prodigious JJ 31627 376 7 quantity quantity NN 31627 376 8 of of IN 31627 376 9 matter matter NN 31627 376 10 included include VBN 31627 376 11 within within IN 31627 376 12 the the DT 31627 376 13 limits limit NNS 31627 376 14 of of IN 31627 376 15 these these DT 31627 376 16 colossal colossal JJ 31627 376 17 domes dome NNS 31627 376 18 and and CC 31627 376 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 376 20 environments environment NNS 31627 376 21 , , , 31627 376 22 all all DT 31627 376 23 of of IN 31627 376 24 which which WDT 31627 376 25 has have VBZ 31627 376 26 been be VBN 31627 376 27 extruded extrude VBN 31627 376 28 from from IN 31627 376 29 the the DT 31627 376 30 internal internal NNP 31627 376 31 reservoirs reservoirs NNPS 31627 376 32 , , , 31627 376 33 we -PRON- PRP 31627 376 34 gain gain VBP 31627 376 35 some some DT 31627 376 36 idea idea NN 31627 376 37 of of IN 31627 376 38 the the DT 31627 376 39 manner manner NN 31627 376 40 in in IN 31627 376 41 which which WDT 31627 376 42 the the DT 31627 376 43 contracting contracting NN 31627 376 44 crust crust NN 31627 376 45 disposes dispose NNS 31627 376 46 of of IN 31627 376 47 the the DT 31627 376 48 matter matter NN 31627 376 49 it -PRON- PRP 31627 376 50 can can MD 31627 376 51 no no RB 31627 376 52 longer longer RB 31627 376 53 contain contain VB 31627 376 54 . . . 31627 377 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 377 2 7 7 CD 31627 377 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 377 4 Between between IN 31627 377 5 the the DT 31627 377 6 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 377 7 of of IN 31627 377 8 Quito Quito NNP 31627 377 9 and and CC 31627 377 10 those those DT 31627 377 11 of of IN 31627 377 12 Peru Peru NNP 31627 377 13 there there EX 31627 377 14 is be VBZ 31627 377 15 an an DT 31627 377 16 intervening intervene VBG 31627 377 17 space space NN 31627 377 18 of of IN 31627 377 19 fourteen fourteen CD 31627 377 20 degrees degree NNS 31627 377 21 of of IN 31627 377 22 latitude latitude NN 31627 377 23 . . . 31627 378 1 This this DT 31627 378 2 is be VBZ 31627 378 3 occupied occupy VBN 31627 378 4 by by IN 31627 378 5 the the DT 31627 378 6 Andes Andes NNP 31627 378 7 , , , 31627 378 8 regarding regard VBG 31627 378 9 the the DT 31627 378 10 structure structure NN 31627 378 11 of of IN 31627 378 12 which which WDT 31627 378 13 we -PRON- PRP 31627 378 14 have have VBP 31627 378 15 not not RB 31627 378 16 much much JJ 31627 378 17 information information NN 31627 378 18 except except IN 31627 378 19 that that IN 31627 378 20 at at IN 31627 378 21 this this DT 31627 378 22 part part NN 31627 378 23 of of IN 31627 378 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 378 25 course course NN 31627 378 26 it -PRON- PRP 31627 378 27 is be VBZ 31627 378 28 not not RB 31627 378 29 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 378 30 . . . 31627 379 1 But but CC 31627 379 2 from from IN 31627 379 3 Arequipa Arequipa NNP 31627 379 4 in in IN 31627 379 5 Peru Peru NNP 31627 379 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 379 7 lat lat NNP 31627 379 8 . . . 31627 380 1 16 16 CD 31627 380 2 ° ° NNS 31627 380 3 S. S. NNP 31627 380 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 380 5 , , , 31627 380 6 an an DT 31627 380 7 active active JJ 31627 380 8 volcano volcano NN 31627 380 9 , , , 31627 380 10 we -PRON- PRP 31627 380 11 find find VBP 31627 380 12 a a DT 31627 380 13 new new JJ 31627 380 14 series series NN 31627 380 15 of of IN 31627 380 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 380 17 mountains mountain NNS 31627 380 18 continued continue VBD 31627 380 19 southwards southward NNS 31627 380 20 through through IN 31627 380 21 Tacora Tacora NNP 31627 380 22 ( ( -LRB- 31627 380 23 19,740 19,740 CD 31627 380 24 feet foot NNS 31627 380 25 ) ) -RRB- 31627 380 26 , , , 31627 380 27 then then RB 31627 380 28 further further RB 31627 380 29 south south RB 31627 380 30 the the DT 31627 380 31 more more RBR 31627 380 32 or or CC 31627 380 33 less less RBR 31627 380 34 active active JJ 31627 380 35 vents vent NNS 31627 380 36 of of IN 31627 380 37 Sajama Sajama NNP 31627 380 38 ( ( -LRB- 31627 380 39 22,915 22,915 CD 31627 380 40 feet foot NNS 31627 380 41 ) ) -RRB- 31627 380 42 , , , 31627 380 43 Coquina Coquina NNP 31627 380 44 , , , 31627 380 45 Tutupaca Tutupaca NNP 31627 380 46 , , , 31627 380 47 Calama Calama NNP 31627 380 48 , , , 31627 380 49 Atacama Atacama NNP 31627 380 50 , , , 31627 380 51 Toconado Toconado NNP 31627 380 52 , , , 31627 380 53 and and CC 31627 380 54 others other NNS 31627 380 55 , , , 31627 380 56 forming form VBG 31627 380 57 an an DT 31627 380 58 almost almost RB 31627 380 59 continuous continuous JJ 31627 380 60 range range NN 31627 380 61 with with IN 31627 380 62 that that DT 31627 380 63 part part NN 31627 380 64 of of IN 31627 380 65 the the DT 31627 380 66 desert desert NN 31627 380 67 of of IN 31627 380 68 Atacama Atacama NNP 31627 380 69 pertaining pertain VBG 31627 380 70 to to IN 31627 380 71 Chili Chili NNP 31627 380 72 . . . 31627 381 1 Through through IN 31627 381 2 this this DT 31627 381 3 country country NN 31627 381 4 we -PRON- PRP 31627 381 5 find find VBP 31627 381 6 the the DT 31627 381 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 381 8 range range NN 31627 381 9 appearing appear VBG 31627 381 10 at at IN 31627 381 11 intervals interval NNS 31627 381 12 ; ; : 31627 381 13 and and CC 31627 381 14 still still RB 31627 381 15 more more JJR 31627 381 16 to to IN 31627 381 17 the the DT 31627 381 18 southwards southward NNS 31627 381 19 it -PRON- PRP 31627 381 20 is be VBZ 31627 381 21 doubtless doubtless RB 31627 381 22 connected connect VBN 31627 381 23 with with IN 31627 381 24 the the DT 31627 381 25 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 381 26 of of IN 31627 381 27 Patagonia Patagonia NNP 31627 381 28 , , , 31627 381 29 north north NN 31627 381 30 of of IN 31627 381 31 the the DT 31627 381 32 Magellan Magellan NNP 31627 381 33 Straits Straits NNPS 31627 381 34 , , , 31627 381 35 and and CC 31627 381 36 of of IN 31627 381 37 Tierra Tierra NNP 31627 381 38 del del NNP 31627 381 39 Fuego Fuego NNP 31627 381 40 . . . 31627 382 1 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 382 2 David David NNP 31627 382 3 Forbes Forbes NNP 31627 382 4 considers consider VBZ 31627 382 5 that that IN 31627 382 6 this this DT 31627 382 7 great great JJ 31627 382 8 range range NN 31627 382 9 of of IN 31627 382 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 382 11 mountains mountain NNS 31627 382 12 , , , 31627 382 13 lying lie VBG 31627 382 14 nearly nearly RB 31627 382 15 north north NN 31627 382 16 and and CC 31627 382 17 south south NN 31627 382 18 , , , 31627 382 19 corresponds correspond VBZ 31627 382 20 to to IN 31627 382 21 a a DT 31627 382 22 line line NN 31627 382 23 of of IN 31627 382 24 fracture fracture NN 31627 382 25 lying lying NN 31627 382 26 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 382 27 to to IN 31627 382 28 the the DT 31627 382 29 east east NN 31627 382 30 of of IN 31627 382 31 the the DT 31627 382 32 range range NN 31627 382 33 . . . 31627 383 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 383 2 8 8 CD 31627 383 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 383 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 383 5 _ _ NNP 31627 383 6 d. d. NNP 31627 383 7 _ _ NNP 31627 383 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 383 9 _ _ NNP 31627 383 10 Other other JJ 31627 383 11 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 383 12 Chains._--A chains._--a NN 31627 383 13 similar similar JJ 31627 383 14 statement statement NN 31627 383 15 in in IN 31627 383 16 all all DT 31627 383 17 probability probability NN 31627 383 18 applies apply VBZ 31627 383 19 to to IN 31627 383 20 the the DT 31627 383 21 systems system NNS 31627 383 22 of of IN 31627 383 23 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 383 24 mountains mountain NNS 31627 383 25 of of IN 31627 383 26 the the DT 31627 383 27 Aleutian Aleutian NNP 31627 383 28 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 383 29 , , , 31627 383 30 Kamtschatka Kamtschatka NNP 31627 383 31 , , , 31627 383 32 the the DT 31627 383 33 Kuriles Kuriles NNPS 31627 383 34 , , , 31627 383 35 the the DT 31627 383 36 Philippines Philippines NNPS 31627 383 37 , , , 31627 383 38 and and CC 31627 383 39 Sunda Sunda NNP 31627 383 40 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 383 41 . . . 31627 384 1 Nor nor CC 31627 384 2 can can MD 31627 384 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 384 4 be be VB 31627 384 5 reasonably reasonably RB 31627 384 6 doubted doubt VBN 31627 384 7 that that IN 31627 384 8 the the DT 31627 384 9 western western JJ 31627 384 10 American american JJ 31627 384 11 coast coast NN 31627 384 12 - - HYPH 31627 384 13 line line NN 31627 384 14 has have VBZ 31627 384 15 to to IN 31627 384 16 a a DT 31627 384 17 great great JJ 31627 384 18 extent extent NN 31627 384 19 been be VBN 31627 384 20 determined determine VBN 31627 384 21 , , , 31627 384 22 or or CC 31627 384 23 marked mark VBN 31627 384 24 out out RP 31627 384 25 , , , 31627 384 26 by by IN 31627 384 27 such such JJ 31627 384 28 lines line NNS 31627 384 29 of of IN 31627 384 30 displacement displacement NN 31627 384 31 ; ; : 31627 384 32 for for IN 31627 384 33 , , , 31627 384 34 as as IN 31627 384 35 Darwin Darwin NNP 31627 384 36 has have VBZ 31627 384 37 shown show VBN 31627 384 38 , , , 31627 384 39 the the DT 31627 384 40 whole whole JJ 31627 384 41 western western JJ 31627 384 42 coast coast NN 31627 384 43 of of IN 31627 384 44 South South NNP 31627 384 45 America America NNP 31627 384 46 , , , 31627 384 47 for for IN 31627 384 48 a a DT 31627 384 49 distance distance NN 31627 384 50 of of IN 31627 384 51 between between IN 31627 384 52 2000 2000 CD 31627 384 53 and and CC 31627 384 54 3000 3000 CD 31627 384 55 miles mile NNS 31627 384 56 south south RB 31627 384 57 of of IN 31627 384 58 the the DT 31627 384 59 Equator Equator NNP 31627 384 60 , , , 31627 384 61 has have VBZ 31627 384 62 undergone undergo VBN 31627 384 63 an an DT 31627 384 64 upward upward JJ 31627 384 65 movement movement NN 31627 384 66 in in IN 31627 384 67 very very RB 31627 384 68 recent recent JJ 31627 384 69 times time NNS 31627 384 70 -- -- : 31627 384 71 that that RB 31627 384 72 is is RB 31627 384 73 , , , 31627 384 74 within within IN 31627 384 75 the the DT 31627 384 76 period period NN 31627 384 77 of of IN 31627 384 78 living live VBG 31627 384 79 marine marine JJ 31627 384 80 shells shell NNS 31627 384 81 -- -- : 31627 384 82 during during IN 31627 384 83 which which WDT 31627 384 84 period period NN 31627 384 85 the the DT 31627 384 86 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 384 87 have have VBP 31627 384 88 been be VBN 31627 384 89 in in IN 31627 384 90 activity activity NN 31627 384 91 . . . 31627 385 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 385 2 9 9 CD 31627 385 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 385 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 385 5 _ _ NNP 31627 385 6 e. e. NNP 31627 385 7 _ _ NNP 31627 385 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 385 9 _ _ NNP 31627 385 10 The the DT 31627 385 11 Kurile Kurile NNP 31627 385 12 Islands._--This islands._--this CD 31627 385 13 chain chain NN 31627 385 14 may may MD 31627 385 15 also also RB 31627 385 16 be be VB 31627 385 17 cited cite VBN 31627 385 18 in in IN 31627 385 19 evidence evidence NN 31627 385 20 of of IN 31627 385 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 385 22 action action NN 31627 385 23 along along IN 31627 385 24 fissure fissure NN 31627 385 25 lines line NNS 31627 385 26 . . . 31627 386 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 386 2 connects connect VBZ 31627 386 3 the the DT 31627 386 4 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 386 5 of of IN 31627 386 6 Kamtschatka Kamtschatka NNP 31627 386 7 with with IN 31627 386 8 those those DT 31627 386 9 of of IN 31627 386 10 Japan Japan NNP 31627 386 11 , , , 31627 386 12 and and CC 31627 386 13 the the DT 31627 386 14 linear linear JJ 31627 386 15 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 386 16 is be VBZ 31627 386 17 apparent apparent JJ 31627 386 18 . . . 31627 387 1 In in IN 31627 387 2 the the DT 31627 387 3 former former JJ 31627 387 4 peninsula peninsula NN 31627 387 5 Erman Erman NNP 31627 387 6 counted count VBD 31627 387 7 no no RB 31627 387 8 fewer few JJR 31627 387 9 than than IN 31627 387 10 thirteen thirteen CD 31627 387 11 active active JJ 31627 387 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 387 13 mountains mountain NNS 31627 387 14 rising rise VBG 31627 387 15 to to IN 31627 387 16 heights height NNS 31627 387 17 of of IN 31627 387 18 12,000 12,000 CD 31627 387 19 to to TO 31627 387 20 15,000 15,000 CD 31627 387 21 feet foot NNS 31627 387 22 above above IN 31627 387 23 the the DT 31627 387 24 sea sea NN 31627 387 25 . . . 31627 388 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 388 2 10 10 CD 31627 388 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 388 4 In in IN 31627 388 5 the the DT 31627 388 6 chain chain NN 31627 388 7 of of IN 31627 388 8 the the DT 31627 388 9 Kuriles Kuriles NNP 31627 388 10 Professor Professor NNP 31627 388 11 John John NNP 31627 388 12 Milne Milne NNP 31627 388 13 counted count VBD 31627 388 14 fifty fifty CD 31627 388 15 - - HYPH 31627 388 16 two two CD 31627 388 17 well well RB 31627 388 18 - - HYPH 31627 388 19 defined define VBN 31627 388 20 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 388 21 , , , 31627 388 22 of of IN 31627 388 23 which which WDT 31627 388 24 nine nine CD 31627 388 25 , , , 31627 388 26 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 388 27 more more RBR 31627 388 28 , , , 31627 388 29 are be VBP 31627 388 30 certainly certainly RB 31627 388 31 active active JJ 31627 388 32 . . . 31627 389 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 389 2 11 11 CD 31627 389 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 389 4 They -PRON- PRP 31627 389 5 are be VBP 31627 389 6 not not RB 31627 389 7 so so RB 31627 389 8 high high JJ 31627 389 9 as as IN 31627 389 10 those those DT 31627 389 11 of of IN 31627 389 12 Kamtschatka Kamtschatka NNP 31627 389 13 ; ; : 31627 389 14 but but CC 31627 389 15 , , , 31627 389 16 on on IN 31627 389 17 the the DT 31627 389 18 other other JJ 31627 389 19 hand hand NN 31627 389 20 , , , 31627 389 21 they -PRON- PRP 31627 389 22 rise rise VBP 31627 389 23 from from IN 31627 389 24 very very RB 31627 389 25 deep deep JJ 31627 389 26 oceanic oceanic JJ 31627 389 27 waters water NNS 31627 389 28 , , , 31627 389 29 and and CC 31627 389 30 have have VBP 31627 389 31 been be VBN 31627 389 32 probably probably RB 31627 389 33 built build VBN 31627 389 34 up up RP 31627 389 35 from from IN 31627 389 36 the the DT 31627 389 37 sea sea NN 31627 389 38 bottom bottom NN 31627 389 39 by by IN 31627 389 40 successive successive JJ 31627 389 41 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 389 42 of of IN 31627 389 43 tuff tuff NNP 31627 389 44 , , , 31627 389 45 lava lava NNP 31627 389 46 , , , 31627 389 47 and and CC 31627 389 48 ash ash NN 31627 389 49 . . . 31627 390 1 According accord VBG 31627 390 2 to to IN 31627 390 3 the the DT 31627 390 4 view view NN 31627 390 5 of of IN 31627 390 6 Professor Professor NNP 31627 390 7 Milne Milne NNP 31627 390 8 , , , 31627 390 9 the the DT 31627 390 10 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 390 11 of of IN 31627 390 12 the the DT 31627 390 13 Kurile Kurile NNP 31627 390 14 chain chain NN 31627 390 15 are be VBP 31627 390 16 fast fast RB 31627 390 17 becoming become VBG 31627 390 18 extinct extinct JJ 31627 390 19 . . . 31627 391 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 391 2 _ _ NNP 31627 391 3 f. f. NNP 31627 391 4 _ _ NNP 31627 391 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 391 6 _ _ NNP 31627 391 7 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 391 8 Groups._--Besides groups._--beside VBZ 31627 391 9 the the DT 31627 391 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 391 11 vents vent NNS 31627 391 12 arranged arrange VBN 31627 391 13 in in IN 31627 391 14 lines line NNS 31627 391 15 , , , 31627 391 16 of of IN 31627 391 17 which which WDT 31627 391 18 we -PRON- PRP 31627 391 19 have have VBP 31627 391 20 treated treat VBN 31627 391 21 above above RB 31627 391 22 , , , 31627 391 23 there there EX 31627 391 24 are be VBP 31627 391 25 a a DT 31627 391 26 large large JJ 31627 391 27 number number NN 31627 391 28 , , , 31627 391 29 both both CC 31627 391 30 active active JJ 31627 391 31 and and CC 31627 391 32 extinct extinct JJ 31627 391 33 , , , 31627 391 34 which which WDT 31627 391 35 appear appear VBP 31627 391 36 to to TO 31627 391 37 be be VB 31627 391 38 disposed dispose VBN 31627 391 39 in in IN 31627 391 40 groups group NNS 31627 391 41 , , , 31627 391 42 or or CC 31627 391 43 sporadically sporadically RB 31627 391 44 distributed distribute VBN 31627 391 45 , , , 31627 391 46 over over IN 31627 391 47 various various JJ 31627 391 48 portions portion NNS 31627 391 49 of of IN 31627 391 50 the the DT 31627 391 51 earth earth NN 31627 391 52 's 's POS 31627 391 53 surface surface NN 31627 391 54 . . . 31627 392 1 I -PRON- PRP 31627 392 2 say say VBP 31627 392 3 _ _ NNP 31627 392 4 appear appear VBP 31627 392 5 to to TO 31627 392 6 be be VB 31627 392 7 _ _ NNP 31627 392 8 , , , 31627 392 9 because because IN 31627 392 10 this this DT 31627 392 11 sporadic sporadic JJ 31627 392 12 distribution distribution NN 31627 392 13 may may MD 31627 392 14 really really RB 31627 392 15 be be VB 31627 392 16 resolvable resolvable JJ 31627 392 17 ( ( -LRB- 31627 392 18 at at IN 31627 392 19 least least JJS 31627 392 20 in in IN 31627 392 21 some some DT 31627 392 22 cases case NNS 31627 392 23 ) ) -RRB- 31627 392 24 into into IN 31627 392 25 linear linear JJ 31627 392 26 distribution distribution NN 31627 392 27 for for IN 31627 392 28 short short JJ 31627 392 29 distances distance NNS 31627 392 30 . . . 31627 393 1 Thus thus RB 31627 393 2 the the DT 31627 393 3 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP 31627 393 4 Group Group NNP 31627 393 5 , , , 31627 393 6 which which WDT 31627 393 7 might may MD 31627 393 8 at at IN 31627 393 9 first first JJ 31627 393 10 sight sight NN 31627 393 11 seem seem VBP 31627 393 12 to to TO 31627 393 13 be be VB 31627 393 14 arranged arrange VBN 31627 393 15 round round IN 31627 393 16 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 393 17 as as IN 31627 393 18 a a DT 31627 393 19 centre centre NN 31627 393 20 , , , 31627 393 21 really really RB 31627 393 22 resolves resolve VBZ 31627 393 23 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 393 24 into into IN 31627 393 25 a a DT 31627 393 26 line line NN 31627 393 27 of of IN 31627 393 28 active active JJ 31627 393 29 and and CC 31627 393 30 extinct extinct JJ 31627 393 31 vents vent NNS 31627 393 32 of of IN 31627 393 33 eruption eruption NN 31627 393 34 , , , 31627 393 35 ranging range VBG 31627 393 36 across across IN 31627 393 37 Italy Italy NNP 31627 393 38 from from IN 31627 393 39 the the DT 31627 393 40 Tyrrhenian Tyrrhenian NNP 31627 393 41 Sea Sea NNP 31627 393 42 to to IN 31627 393 43 the the DT 31627 393 44 Adriatic Adriatic NNP 31627 393 45 , , , 31627 393 46 through through IN 31627 393 47 Ischia Ischia NNP 31627 393 48 , , , 31627 393 49 Procida Procida NNP 31627 393 50 , , , 31627 393 51 Monte Monte NNP 31627 393 52 Nuovo Nuovo NNP 31627 393 53 and and CC 31627 393 54 the the DT 31627 393 55 Phlegræan Phlegræan NNP 31627 393 56 Fields Fields NNPS 31627 393 57 , , , 31627 393 58 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 393 59 , , , 31627 393 60 and and CC 31627 393 61 Mount Mount NNP 31627 393 62 Vultur Vultur NNP 31627 393 63 . . . 31627 394 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 394 2 12 12 CD 31627 394 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 394 4 Again again RB 31627 394 5 , , , 31627 394 6 the the DT 31627 394 7 extinct extinct JJ 31627 394 8 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 394 9 of of IN 31627 394 10 Central Central NNP 31627 394 11 France France NNP 31627 394 12 , , , 31627 394 13 which which WDT 31627 394 14 appear appear VBP 31627 394 15 to to TO 31627 394 16 form form VB 31627 394 17 an an DT 31627 394 18 isolated isolated JJ 31627 394 19 group group NN 31627 394 20 , , , 31627 394 21 indicate indicate VBP 31627 394 22 , , , 31627 394 23 when when WRB 31627 394 24 viewed view VBN 31627 394 25 in in IN 31627 394 26 detail detail NN 31627 394 27 , , , 31627 394 28 a a DT 31627 394 29 linear linear JJ 31627 394 30 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 394 31 ranging range VBG 31627 394 32 from from IN 31627 394 33 north north RB 31627 394 34 to to IN 31627 394 35 south south NN 31627 394 36 . . . 31627 395 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 395 2 13 13 CD 31627 395 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 395 4 Another another DT 31627 395 5 region region NN 31627 395 6 over over IN 31627 395 7 which which WDT 31627 395 8 extinct extinct JJ 31627 395 9 craters crater NNS 31627 395 10 are be VBP 31627 395 11 distributed distribute VBN 31627 395 12 lies lie NNS 31627 395 13 along along IN 31627 395 14 the the DT 31627 395 15 banks bank NNS 31627 395 16 of of IN 31627 395 17 the the DT 31627 395 18 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 395 19 , , , 31627 395 20 above above IN 31627 395 21 Bonn Bonn NNP 31627 395 22 and and CC 31627 395 23 the the DT 31627 395 24 Moselle Moselle NNP 31627 395 25 ; ; : 31627 395 26 a a DT 31627 395 27 fourth fourth JJ 31627 395 28 in in IN 31627 395 29 Hungary Hungary NNP 31627 395 30 ; ; : 31627 395 31 a a DT 31627 395 32 fifth fifth NN 31627 395 33 in in IN 31627 395 34 Asia Asia NNP 31627 395 35 Minor Minor NNP 31627 395 36 and and CC 31627 395 37 Northern Northern NNP 31627 395 38 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 395 39 ; ; : 31627 395 40 and and CC 31627 395 41 a a DT 31627 395 42 sixth sixth JJ 31627 395 43 in in IN 31627 395 44 Central Central NNP 31627 395 45 Asia Asia NNP 31627 395 46 around around IN 31627 395 47 Lake Lake NNP 31627 395 48 Balkash Balkash NNP 31627 395 49 . . . 31627 396 1 These these DT 31627 396 2 are be VBP 31627 396 3 all all RB 31627 396 4 continental continental JJ 31627 396 5 , , , 31627 396 6 and and CC 31627 396 7 the the DT 31627 396 8 linear linear JJ 31627 396 9 distribution distribution NN 31627 396 10 is be VBZ 31627 396 11 not not RB 31627 396 12 apparent apparent JJ 31627 396 13 . . . 31627 397 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 397 2 1 1 CD 31627 397 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 397 4 For for IN 31627 397 5 an an DT 31627 397 6 interesting interesting JJ 31627 397 7 account account NN 31627 397 8 of of IN 31627 397 9 this this DT 31627 397 10 range range NN 31627 397 11 of of IN 31627 397 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 397 13 islands island NNS 31627 397 14 see see VBP 31627 397 15 Kingsley Kingsley NNP 31627 397 16 's 's POS 31627 397 17 _ _ NNP 31627 397 18 At at IN 31627 397 19 Last last JJ 31627 397 20 _ _ NNP 31627 397 21 . . . 31627 398 1 The the DT 31627 398 2 grandest grand JJS 31627 398 3 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 398 4 peak peak NN 31627 398 5 is be VBZ 31627 398 6 that that DT 31627 398 7 of of IN 31627 398 8 Guadeloupe Guadeloupe NNP 31627 398 9 , , , 31627 398 10 rising rise VBG 31627 398 11 to to IN 31627 398 12 a a DT 31627 398 13 height height NN 31627 398 14 of of IN 31627 398 15 5000 5000 CD 31627 398 16 feet foot NNS 31627 398 17 above above IN 31627 398 18 the the DT 31627 398 19 ocean ocean NN 31627 398 20 , , , 31627 398 21 amidst amidst IN 31627 398 22 a a DT 31627 398 23 group group NN 31627 398 24 of of IN 31627 398 25 fourteen fourteen CD 31627 398 26 extinct extinct JJ 31627 398 27 craters crater NNS 31627 398 28 . . . 31627 399 1 But but CC 31627 399 2 the the DT 31627 399 3 most most RBS 31627 399 4 active active JJ 31627 399 5 vent vent NN 31627 399 6 of of IN 31627 399 7 the the DT 31627 399 8 range range NN 31627 399 9 is be VBZ 31627 399 10 the the DT 31627 399 11 Souffrière Souffrière NNP 31627 399 12 of of IN 31627 399 13 St. St. NNP 31627 399 14 Vincent Vincent NNP 31627 399 15 . . . 31627 400 1 In in IN 31627 400 2 the the DT 31627 400 3 eruption eruption NN 31627 400 4 of of IN 31627 400 5 1812 1812 CD 31627 400 6 this this DT 31627 400 7 mountain mountain NN 31627 400 8 sent send VBD 31627 400 9 forth forth RP 31627 400 10 clouds cloud NNS 31627 400 11 of of IN 31627 400 12 pumice pumice NN 31627 400 13 , , , 31627 400 14 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 400 15 and and CC 31627 400 16 ashes ashe NNS 31627 400 17 , , , 31627 400 18 some some DT 31627 400 19 of of IN 31627 400 20 which which WDT 31627 400 21 were be VBD 31627 400 22 carried carry VBN 31627 400 23 by by IN 31627 400 24 an an DT 31627 400 25 upper upper JJ 31627 400 26 counter counter NN 31627 400 27 current current JJ 31627 400 28 to to IN 31627 400 29 Barbados Barbados NNP 31627 400 30 , , , 31627 400 31 one one CD 31627 400 32 hundred hundred CD 31627 400 33 miles mile NNS 31627 400 34 to to IN 31627 400 35 the the DT 31627 400 36 eastward eastward NN 31627 400 37 , , , 31627 400 38 covering cover VBG 31627 400 39 the the DT 31627 400 40 surface surface NN 31627 400 41 with with IN 31627 400 42 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 400 43 dust dust NN 31627 400 44 to to IN 31627 400 45 a a DT 31627 400 46 depth depth NN 31627 400 47 of of IN 31627 400 48 several several JJ 31627 400 49 inches inch NNS 31627 400 50 . . . 31627 401 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 401 2 2 2 LS 31627 401 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 401 4 An an DT 31627 401 5 excellent excellent NN 31627 401 6 , , , 31627 401 7 and and CC 31627 401 8 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 401 9 the the DT 31627 401 10 most most RBS 31627 401 11 recent recent JJ 31627 401 12 , , , 31627 401 13 map map NN 31627 401 14 of of IN 31627 401 15 this this DT 31627 401 16 kind kind NN 31627 401 17 is be VBZ 31627 401 18 that that IN 31627 401 19 given give VBN 31627 401 20 by by IN 31627 401 21 Professor Professor NNP 31627 401 22 Prestwich Prestwich NNP 31627 401 23 in in IN 31627 401 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 401 25 _ _ NNP 31627 401 26 Geology Geology NNP 31627 401 27 _ _ NNP 31627 401 28 , , , 31627 401 29 vol vol NNP 31627 401 30 . . . 31627 402 1 i. i. NNP 31627 402 2 p. p. NNP 31627 402 3 216 216 CD 31627 402 4 . . . 31627 403 1 One one CD 31627 403 2 on on IN 31627 403 3 a a DT 31627 403 4 larger large JJR 31627 403 5 scale scale NN 31627 403 6 is be VBZ 31627 403 7 that that IN 31627 403 8 by by IN 31627 403 9 Keith Keith NNP 31627 403 10 Johnston Johnston NNP 31627 403 11 in in IN 31627 403 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 403 13 _ _ NNP 31627 403 14 Physical Physical NNP 31627 403 15 Atlas Atlas NNP 31627 403 16 _ _ NNP 31627 403 17 . . . 31627 404 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 404 2 3 3 CD 31627 404 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 404 4 _ _ NNP 31627 404 5 Memoir Memoir NNP 31627 404 6 on on IN 31627 404 7 the the DT 31627 404 8 Physical Physical NNP 31627 404 9 Geology Geology NNP 31627 404 10 and and CC 31627 404 11 Geography Geography NNP 31627 404 12 of of IN 31627 404 13 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 404 14 Petræa Petræa NNP 31627 404 15 , , , 31627 404 16 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 404 17 _ _ NNP 31627 404 18 , , , 31627 404 19 etc etc FW 31627 404 20 . . NN 31627 404 21 , , , 31627 404 22 published publish VBN 31627 404 23 for for IN 31627 404 24 the the DT 31627 404 25 Committee Committee NNP 31627 404 26 of of IN 31627 404 27 the the DT 31627 404 28 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 404 29 Exploration Exploration NNP 31627 404 30 Fund Fund NNP 31627 404 31 ( ( -LRB- 31627 404 32 1886 1886 CD 31627 404 33 ) ) -RRB- 31627 404 34 , , , 31627 404 35 p. p. NN 31627 404 36 113 113 CD 31627 404 37 , , , 31627 404 38 etc etc FW 31627 404 39 . . . 31627 405 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 405 2 4 4 LS 31627 405 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 405 4 This this DT 31627 405 5 mountain mountain NN 31627 405 6 was be VBD 31627 405 7 ascended ascend VBN 31627 405 8 in in IN 31627 405 9 1837 1837 CD 31627 405 10 by by IN 31627 405 11 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 405 12 Taylor Taylor NNP 31627 405 13 Thomson Thomson NNP 31627 405 14 , , , 31627 405 15 who who WP 31627 405 16 found find VBD 31627 405 17 the the DT 31627 405 18 summit summit NN 31627 405 19 covered cover VBN 31627 405 20 with with IN 31627 405 21 sulphur sulphur NNP 31627 405 22 , , , 31627 405 23 and and CC 31627 405 24 from from IN 31627 405 25 a a DT 31627 405 26 cone cone NN 31627 405 27 fumes fume NNS 31627 405 28 at at IN 31627 405 29 a a DT 31627 405 30 high high JJ 31627 405 31 temperature temperature NN 31627 405 32 issued issue VBN 31627 405 33 forth forth RB 31627 405 34 , , , 31627 405 35 but but CC 31627 405 36 there there EX 31627 405 37 was be VBD 31627 405 38 no no DT 31627 405 39 eruption.--_Journ eruption.--_journ ADD 31627 405 40 . . . 31627 406 1 Roy Roy NNP 31627 406 2 . . . 31627 407 1 Geographical Geographical NNP 31627 407 2 Soc Soc NNP 31627 407 3 . . . 31627 407 4 _ _ NNP 31627 407 5 , , , 31627 407 6 vol vol NNP 31627 407 7 . . . 31627 408 1 viii viii RB 31627 408 2 . . . 31627 409 1 p. p. NN 31627 409 2 109 109 CD 31627 409 3 . . . 31627 410 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 410 2 5 5 CD 31627 410 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 410 4 Humboldt Humboldt NNP 31627 410 5 , , , 31627 410 6 _ _ NNP 31627 410 7 Atlas Atlas NNP 31627 410 8 der der NN 31627 410 9 Kleineren Kleineren NNP 31627 410 10 Schriften Schriften NNP 31627 410 11 _ _ NNP 31627 410 12 ( ( -LRB- 31627 410 13 1853 1853 CD 31627 410 14 ) ) -RRB- 31627 410 15 . . . 31627 411 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 411 2 6 6 CD 31627 411 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 411 4 Ascended ascend VBN 31627 411 5 by by IN 31627 411 6 Whymper Whymper NNP 31627 411 7 June June NNP 31627 411 8 29 29 CD 31627 411 9 , , , 31627 411 10 1880 1880 CD 31627 411 11 . . . 31627 412 1 He -PRON- PRP 31627 412 2 found find VBD 31627 412 3 the the DT 31627 412 4 elevation elevation NN 31627 412 5 to to TO 31627 412 6 be be VB 31627 412 7 16,515 16,515 CD 31627 412 8 feet foot NNS 31627 412 9 . . . 31627 413 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 413 2 7 7 LS 31627 413 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 413 4 The the DT 31627 413 5 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 413 6 of of IN 31627 413 7 the the DT 31627 413 8 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 413 9 of of IN 31627 413 10 Peru Peru NNP 31627 413 11 and and CC 31627 413 12 Bolivia Bolivia NNP 31627 413 13 is be VBZ 31627 413 14 also also RB 31627 413 15 suggestive suggestive JJ 31627 413 16 of of IN 31627 413 17 a a DT 31627 413 18 double double JJ 31627 413 19 line line NN 31627 413 20 of of IN 31627 413 21 fissure fissure NN 31627 413 22 , , , 31627 413 23 while while IN 31627 413 24 those those DT 31627 413 25 of of IN 31627 413 26 Chili Chili NNP 31627 413 27 suggest suggest VBP 31627 413 28 one one CD 31627 413 29 single single JJ 31627 413 30 line line NN 31627 413 31 . . . 31627 414 1 The the DT 31627 414 2 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 414 3 of of IN 31627 414 4 Arequipa Arequipa NNP 31627 414 5 , , , 31627 414 6 in in IN 31627 414 7 the the DT 31627 414 8 southern southern JJ 31627 414 9 part part NN 31627 414 10 of of IN 31627 414 11 Peru Peru NNP 31627 414 12 , , , 31627 414 13 are be VBP 31627 414 14 dealt deal VBN 31627 414 15 with with IN 31627 414 16 by by IN 31627 414 17 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 414 18 F. F. NNP 31627 414 19 H. H. NNP 31627 414 20 Hatch Hatch NNP 31627 414 21 , , , 31627 414 22 in in IN 31627 414 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 414 24 inaugural inaugural JJ 31627 414 25 dissertation dissertation NN 31627 414 26 , , , 31627 414 27 _ _ NNP 31627 414 28 Ueber Ueber NNP 31627 414 29 die die VBP 31627 414 30 Gesteine Gesteine NNP 31627 414 31 der der NNP 31627 414 32 Vulcan Vulcan NNP 31627 414 33 - - HYPH 31627 414 34 Gruppe Gruppe NNP 31627 414 35 von von NNP 31627 414 36 Arequipa Arequipa NNP 31627 414 37 _ _ NNP 31627 414 38 ( ( -LRB- 31627 414 39 Wien Wien NNP 31627 414 40 , , , 31627 414 41 1886 1886 CD 31627 414 42 ) ) -RRB- 31627 414 43 . . . 31627 415 1 The the DT 31627 415 2 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 415 3 rise rise VBP 31627 415 4 to to IN 31627 415 5 great great JJ 31627 415 6 elevations elevation NNS 31627 415 7 , , , 31627 415 8 having have VBG 31627 415 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 415 10 summits summit NNS 31627 415 11 capped cap VBN 31627 415 12 by by IN 31627 415 13 snow snow NN 31627 415 14 . . . 31627 416 1 The the DT 31627 416 2 volcano volcano NN 31627 416 3 of of IN 31627 416 4 Charchani Charchani NNP 31627 416 5 , , , 31627 416 6 lying lie VBG 31627 416 7 to to IN 31627 416 8 the the DT 31627 416 9 north north NN 31627 416 10 of of IN 31627 416 11 Arequipa Arequipa NNP 31627 416 12 , , , 31627 416 13 reaches reach VBZ 31627 416 14 an an DT 31627 416 15 elevation elevation NN 31627 416 16 of of IN 31627 416 17 18,382 18,382 CD 31627 416 18 Parisian parisian JJ 31627 416 19 feet foot NNS 31627 416 20 . . . 31627 417 1 That that DT 31627 417 2 of of IN 31627 417 3 Pichupichu Pichupichu NNP 31627 417 4 reaches reach VBZ 31627 417 5 a a DT 31627 417 6 height height NN 31627 417 7 of of IN 31627 417 8 17,355 17,355 CD 31627 417 9 Par Par NNP 31627 417 10 . . . 31627 418 1 feet foot NNS 31627 418 2 . . . 31627 419 1 The the DT 31627 419 2 central central JJ 31627 419 3 cone cone NN 31627 419 4 of of IN 31627 419 5 Misti Misti NNP 31627 419 6 has have VBZ 31627 419 7 been be VBN 31627 419 8 variously variously RB 31627 419 9 estimated estimate VBN 31627 419 10 to to TO 31627 419 11 range range VB 31627 419 12 from from IN 31627 419 13 17,240 17,240 CD 31627 419 14 to to TO 31627 419 15 19,000 19,000 CD 31627 419 16 Par Par NNP 31627 419 17 . . . 31627 420 1 feet foot NNS 31627 420 2 . . . 31627 421 1 The the DT 31627 421 2 rocks rock NNS 31627 421 3 of of IN 31627 421 4 which which WDT 31627 421 5 the the DT 31627 421 6 mountains mountain NNS 31627 421 7 are be VBP 31627 421 8 composed compose VBN 31627 421 9 consist consist NN 31627 421 10 of of IN 31627 421 11 varieties variety NNS 31627 421 12 of of IN 31627 421 13 andesite andesite NNP 31627 421 14 . . . 31627 422 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 422 2 8 8 CD 31627 422 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 422 4 D. D. NNP 31627 422 5 Forbes Forbes NNP 31627 422 6 , , , 31627 422 7 " " `` 31627 422 8 On on IN 31627 422 9 the the DT 31627 422 10 Geology Geology NNP 31627 422 11 of of IN 31627 422 12 Bolivia Bolivia NNP 31627 422 13 and and CC 31627 422 14 Southern Southern NNP 31627 422 15 Peru Peru NNP 31627 422 16 , , , 31627 422 17 " " '' 31627 422 18 _ _ NNP 31627 422 19 Quarterly Quarterly NNP 31627 422 20 Journal Journal NNP 31627 422 21 of of IN 31627 422 22 the the DT 31627 422 23 Geological Geological NNP 31627 422 24 Society Society NNP 31627 422 25 _ _ NNP 31627 422 26 , , , 31627 422 27 vol vol NNP 31627 422 28 . . . 31627 423 1 xvii xvii NN 31627 423 2 . . . 31627 424 1 p. p. NN 31627 424 2 22 22 CD 31627 424 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 424 4 1861 1861 CD 31627 424 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 424 6 . . . 31627 425 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 425 2 9 9 CD 31627 425 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 425 4 Darwin Darwin NNP 31627 425 5 , , , 31627 425 6 _ _ NNP 31627 425 7 Structure Structure NNP 31627 425 8 and and CC 31627 425 9 Distribution Distribution NNP 31627 425 10 of of IN 31627 425 11 Coral Coral NNP 31627 425 12 Reefs Reefs NNPS 31627 425 13 _ _ NNP 31627 425 14 , , , 31627 425 15 second second JJ 31627 425 16 edition edition NN 31627 425 17 , , , 31627 425 18 p. p. NN 31627 425 19 186 186 CD 31627 425 20 . . . 31627 426 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 426 2 10 10 CD 31627 426 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 426 4 Erman Erman NNP 31627 426 5 , , , 31627 426 6 _ _ NNP 31627 426 7 Reise Reise NNP 31627 426 8 um um UH 31627 426 9 die die VB 31627 426 10 Welt Welt NNP 31627 426 11 _ _ NNP 31627 426 12 . . . 31627 427 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 427 2 11 11 CD 31627 427 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 427 4 Milne Milne NNP 31627 427 5 , , , 31627 427 6 " " `` 31627 427 7 Cruise cruise NN 31627 427 8 amongst amongst IN 31627 427 9 the the DT 31627 427 10 Kurile Kurile NNP 31627 427 11 Islands Islands NNP 31627 427 12 , , , 31627 427 13 " " '' 31627 427 14 _ _ NNP 31627 427 15 Geol Geol NNP 31627 427 16 . . . 31627 428 1 Mag Mag NNP 31627 428 2 . . . 31627 428 3 _ _ NNP 31627 428 4 , , , 31627 428 5 New New NNP 31627 428 6 Ser Ser NNP 31627 428 7 . . . 31627 429 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 429 2 August August NNP 31627 429 3 1879 1879 CD 31627 429 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 429 5 . . . 31627 430 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 430 2 12 12 CD 31627 430 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 430 4 See See NNP 31627 430 5 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 430 6 , , , 31627 430 7 _ _ NNP 31627 430 8 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNP 31627 430 9 _ _ NNP 31627 430 10 , , , 31627 430 11 Map Map NNP 31627 430 12 I. I. NNP 31627 431 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 431 2 13 13 CD 31627 431 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 431 4 Sir Sir NNP 31627 431 5 A. A. NNP 31627 431 6 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 431 7 has have VBZ 31627 431 8 connected connect VBN 31627 431 9 as as IN 31627 431 10 a a DT 31627 431 11 line line NN 31627 431 12 of of IN 31627 431 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 431 14 vents vent NNS 31627 431 15 those those DT 31627 431 16 of of IN 31627 431 17 Sicily Sicily NNP 31627 431 18 , , , 31627 431 19 Italy Italy NNP 31627 431 20 , , , 31627 431 21 Central Central NNP 31627 431 22 France France NNP 31627 431 23 , , , 31627 431 24 the the DT 31627 431 25 N. N. NNP 31627 431 26 E. E. NNP 31627 431 27 of of IN 31627 431 28 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 431 29 , , , 31627 431 30 the the DT 31627 431 31 Inner Inner NNP 31627 431 32 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 431 33 and and CC 31627 431 34 Iceland Iceland NNP 31627 431 35 , , , 31627 431 36 of of IN 31627 431 37 which which WDT 31627 431 38 the the DT 31627 431 39 central central JJ 31627 431 40 vents vent NNS 31627 431 41 are be VBP 31627 431 42 extinct extinct JJ 31627 431 43 or or CC 31627 431 44 dormant dormant JJ 31627 431 45 , , , 31627 431 46 the the DT 31627 431 47 extremities extremity NNS 31627 431 48 active active JJ 31627 431 49 . . . 31627 432 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 432 2 IV IV NNP 31627 432 3 . . . 31627 433 1 MID MID NNP 31627 433 2 - - HYPH 31627 433 3 OCEAN ocean NN 31627 433 4 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 433 5 ISLANDS island NNS 31627 433 6 . . . 31627 434 1 _ _ NNP 31627 434 2 Oceanic Oceanic NNP 31627 434 3 Islands._--By islands._--by NN 31627 434 4 far far RB 31627 434 5 the the DT 31627 434 6 most most RBS 31627 434 7 extensive extensive JJ 31627 434 8 regions region NNS 31627 434 9 with with IN 31627 434 10 sporadically sporadically RB 31627 434 11 distributed distribute VBN 31627 434 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 434 13 vents vent NNS 31627 434 14 , , , 31627 434 15 both both CC 31627 434 16 active active JJ 31627 434 17 and and CC 31627 434 18 extinct extinct JJ 31627 434 19 , , , 31627 434 20 are be VBP 31627 434 21 those those DT 31627 434 22 which which WDT 31627 434 23 are be VBP 31627 434 24 overspread overspread VBN 31627 434 25 by by IN 31627 434 26 the the DT 31627 434 27 waters water NNS 31627 434 28 of of IN 31627 434 29 the the DT 31627 434 30 ocean ocean NN 31627 434 31 , , , 31627 434 32 where where WRB 31627 434 33 the the DT 31627 434 34 vents vent NNS 31627 434 35 emerge emerge VBP 31627 434 36 in in IN 31627 434 37 the the DT 31627 434 38 form form NN 31627 434 39 of of IN 31627 434 40 islands island NNS 31627 434 41 . . . 31627 435 1 These these DT 31627 435 2 are be VBP 31627 435 3 to to TO 31627 435 4 be be VB 31627 435 5 found find VBN 31627 435 6 in in IN 31627 435 7 all all PDT 31627 435 8 the the DT 31627 435 9 great great JJ 31627 435 10 oceans ocean NNS 31627 435 11 , , , 31627 435 12 the the DT 31627 435 13 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 435 14 , , , 31627 435 15 the the DT 31627 435 16 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 435 17 , , , 31627 435 18 and and CC 31627 435 19 the the DT 31627 435 20 Indian indian JJ 31627 435 21 ; ; : 31627 435 22 but but CC 31627 435 23 are be VBP 31627 435 24 especially especially RB 31627 435 25 numerous numerous JJ 31627 435 26 over over IN 31627 435 27 the the DT 31627 435 28 central central JJ 31627 435 29 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 435 30 region region NN 31627 435 31 . . . 31627 436 1 As as IN 31627 436 2 Kotzebue Kotzebue NNP 31627 436 3 and and CC 31627 436 4 subsequently subsequently RB 31627 436 5 Darwin Darwin NNP 31627 436 6 have have VBP 31627 436 7 pointed point VBN 31627 436 8 out out RP 31627 436 9 , , , 31627 436 10 all all PDT 31627 436 11 the the DT 31627 436 12 islands island NNS 31627 436 13 of of IN 31627 436 14 the the DT 31627 436 15 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 436 16 are be VBP 31627 436 17 either either CC 31627 436 18 coral coral JJ 31627 436 19 - - HYPH 31627 436 20 reefs reef NNS 31627 436 21 or or CC 31627 436 22 of of IN 31627 436 23 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 436 24 origin origin NN 31627 436 25 ; ; : 31627 436 26 and and CC 31627 436 27 many many JJ 31627 436 28 of of IN 31627 436 29 these these DT 31627 436 30 rise rise NN 31627 436 31 from from IN 31627 436 32 great great JJ 31627 436 33 depths depth NNS 31627 436 34 ; ; : 31627 436 35 that that DT 31627 436 36 is be VBZ 31627 436 37 to to TO 31627 436 38 say say VB 31627 436 39 , , , 31627 436 40 from from IN 31627 436 41 depths depth NNS 31627 436 42 of of IN 31627 436 43 1000 1000 CD 31627 436 44 to to IN 31627 436 45 2000 2000 CD 31627 436 46 fathoms fathom NNS 31627 436 47 . . . 31627 437 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 437 2 is be VBZ 31627 437 3 unnecessary unnecessary JJ 31627 437 4 here here RB 31627 437 5 to to TO 31627 437 6 attempt attempt VB 31627 437 7 to to TO 31627 437 8 enumerate enumerate VB 31627 437 9 all all PDT 31627 437 10 these these DT 31627 437 11 islands island NNS 31627 437 12 which which WDT 31627 437 13 rise rise VBP 31627 437 14 in in IN 31627 437 15 solitary solitary JJ 31627 437 16 grandeur grandeur NN 31627 437 17 from from IN 31627 437 18 the the DT 31627 437 19 surface surface NN 31627 437 20 of of IN 31627 437 21 the the DT 31627 437 22 ocean ocean NN 31627 437 23 , , , 31627 437 24 and and CC 31627 437 25 are be VBP 31627 437 26 the the DT 31627 437 27 scenes scene NNS 31627 437 28 of of IN 31627 437 29 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 437 30 operations operation NNS 31627 437 31 ; ; : 31627 437 32 a a DT 31627 437 33 few few JJ 31627 437 34 may may MD 31627 437 35 , , , 31627 437 36 however however RB 31627 437 37 , , , 31627 437 38 be be VB 31627 437 39 enumerated enumerate VBN 31627 437 40 . . . 31627 438 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 438 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 438 3 : : : 31627 438 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 438 5 . . . 31627 439 1 4.--The 4.--The NNP 31627 439 2 Peak Peak NNP 31627 439 3 of of IN 31627 439 4 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 31627 439 5 ( ( -LRB- 31627 439 6 Pic Pic NNP 31627 439 7 de de NNP 31627 439 8 Teyde Teyde NNP 31627 439 9 ) ) -RRB- 31627 439 10 as as IN 31627 439 11 seen see VBN 31627 439 12 from from IN 31627 439 13 the the DT 31627 439 14 ocean.--(From ocean.--(From NNP 31627 439 15 a a DT 31627 439 16 photograph photograph NN 31627 439 17 . . . 31627 439 18 ) ) -RRB- 31627 439 19 ] ] -RRB- 31627 440 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 440 2 _ _ NNP 31627 440 3 a. a. NN 31627 440 4 _ _ NNP 31627 440 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 440 6 _ _ NNP 31627 440 7 Iceland._--In iceland._--in NN 31627 440 8 the the DT 31627 440 9 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 440 10 , , , 31627 440 11 Iceland Iceland NNP 31627 440 12 first first JJ 31627 440 13 claims claim VBZ 31627 440 14 notice notice NN 31627 440 15 , , , 31627 440 16 owing owe VBG 31627 440 17 to to IN 31627 440 18 the the DT 31627 440 19 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 440 20 and and CC 31627 440 21 number number NN 31627 440 22 of of IN 31627 440 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 440 24 active active JJ 31627 440 25 vents vent NNS 31627 440 26 and and CC 31627 440 27 the the DT 31627 440 28 variety variety NN 31627 440 29 of of IN 31627 440 30 the the DT 31627 440 31 accompanying accompany VBG 31627 440 32 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 440 33 , , , 31627 440 34 especially especially RB 31627 440 35 the the DT 31627 440 36 geysers geyser NNS 31627 440 37 . . . 31627 441 1 As as IN 31627 441 2 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 441 3 has have VBZ 31627 441 4 observed,[1 observed,[1 XX 31627 441 5 ] ] -RRB- 31627 441 6 with with IN 31627 441 7 the the DT 31627 441 8 exception exception NN 31627 441 9 of of IN 31627 441 10 Etna Etna NNP 31627 441 11 and and CC 31627 441 12 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 441 13 , , , 31627 441 14 the the DT 31627 441 15 most most RBS 31627 441 16 complete complete JJ 31627 441 17 chronological chronological JJ 31627 441 18 records record NNS 31627 441 19 of of IN 31627 441 20 a a DT 31627 441 21 series series NN 31627 441 22 of of IN 31627 441 23 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 441 24 in in IN 31627 441 25 existence existence NN 31627 441 26 are be VBP 31627 441 27 those those DT 31627 441 28 of of IN 31627 441 29 Iceland Iceland NNP 31627 441 30 , , , 31627 441 31 which which WDT 31627 441 32 come come VBP 31627 441 33 down down RP 31627 441 34 from from IN 31627 441 35 the the DT 31627 441 36 ninth ninth JJ 31627 441 37 century century NN 31627 441 38 of of IN 31627 441 39 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 441 40 era era NN 31627 441 41 , , , 31627 441 42 and and CC 31627 441 43 which which WDT 31627 441 44 go go VBP 31627 441 45 to to TO 31627 441 46 show show VB 31627 441 47 that that IN 31627 441 48 since since IN 31627 441 49 the the DT 31627 441 50 twelfth twelfth JJ 31627 441 51 century century NN 31627 441 52 there there EX 31627 441 53 has have VBZ 31627 441 54 never never RB 31627 441 55 been be VBN 31627 441 56 an an DT 31627 441 57 interval interval NN 31627 441 58 of of IN 31627 441 59 more more JJR 31627 441 60 than than IN 31627 441 61 forty forty CD 31627 441 62 years year NNS 31627 441 63 without without IN 31627 441 64 either either CC 31627 441 65 an an DT 31627 441 66 eruption eruption NN 31627 441 67 or or CC 31627 441 68 a a DT 31627 441 69 great great JJ 31627 441 70 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 441 71 . . . 31627 442 1 So so RB 31627 442 2 intense intense JJ 31627 442 3 is be VBZ 31627 442 4 the the DT 31627 442 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 442 6 energy energy NN 31627 442 7 in in IN 31627 442 8 this this DT 31627 442 9 island island NN 31627 442 10 that that IN 31627 442 11 some some DT 31627 442 12 of of IN 31627 442 13 the the DT 31627 442 14 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 442 15 of of IN 31627 442 16 Hecla Hecla NNP 31627 442 17 have have VBP 31627 442 18 lasted last VBN 31627 442 19 six six CD 31627 442 20 years year NNS 31627 442 21 without without IN 31627 442 22 cessation cessation NN 31627 442 23 . . . 31627 443 1 Earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 443 2 have have VBP 31627 443 3 often often RB 31627 443 4 shaken shake VBN 31627 443 5 the the DT 31627 443 6 whole whole JJ 31627 443 7 island island NN 31627 443 8 at at IN 31627 443 9 once once RB 31627 443 10 , , , 31627 443 11 causing cause VBG 31627 443 12 great great JJ 31627 443 13 changes change NNS 31627 443 14 in in IN 31627 443 15 the the DT 31627 443 16 interior interior NN 31627 443 17 , , , 31627 443 18 such such JJ 31627 443 19 as as IN 31627 443 20 the the DT 31627 443 21 sinking sinking NN 31627 443 22 down down RP 31627 443 23 of of IN 31627 443 24 hills hill NNS 31627 443 25 , , , 31627 443 26 the the DT 31627 443 27 rending rending NN 31627 443 28 of of IN 31627 443 29 mountains mountain NNS 31627 443 30 , , , 31627 443 31 the the DT 31627 443 32 desertion desertion NN 31627 443 33 by by IN 31627 443 34 rivers river NNS 31627 443 35 of of IN 31627 443 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 443 37 channels channel NNS 31627 443 38 , , , 31627 443 39 and and CC 31627 443 40 the the DT 31627 443 41 appearance appearance NN 31627 443 42 of of IN 31627 443 43 new new JJ 31627 443 44 lakes lake NNS 31627 443 45 . . . 31627 444 1 New new JJ 31627 444 2 islands island NNS 31627 444 3 have have VBP 31627 444 4 often often RB 31627 444 5 been be VBN 31627 444 6 thrown throw VBN 31627 444 7 up up RP 31627 444 8 near near IN 31627 444 9 the the DT 31627 444 10 coast coast NN 31627 444 11 , , , 31627 444 12 while while IN 31627 444 13 others other NNS 31627 444 14 have have VBP 31627 444 15 disappeared disappear VBN 31627 444 16 . . . 31627 445 1 In in IN 31627 445 2 the the DT 31627 445 3 intervals interval NNS 31627 445 4 between between IN 31627 445 5 the the DT 31627 445 6 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 445 7 , , , 31627 445 8 innumerable innumerable JJ 31627 445 9 hot hot JJ 31627 445 10 springs spring NNS 31627 445 11 afford afford VBP 31627 445 12 vent vent NN 31627 445 13 to to IN 31627 445 14 the the DT 31627 445 15 subterranean subterranean JJ 31627 445 16 heat heat NN 31627 445 17 , , , 31627 445 18 and and CC 31627 445 19 solfataras solfatara NNS 31627 445 20 discharge discharge VBP 31627 445 21 copious copious JJ 31627 445 22 streams stream NNS 31627 445 23 of of IN 31627 445 24 inflammable inflammable JJ 31627 445 25 matter matter NN 31627 445 26 . . . 31627 446 1 The the DT 31627 446 2 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 446 3 in in IN 31627 446 4 different different JJ 31627 446 5 parts part NNS 31627 446 6 of of IN 31627 446 7 the the DT 31627 446 8 island island NN 31627 446 9 are be VBP 31627 446 10 observed observe VBN 31627 446 11 , , , 31627 446 12 like like IN 31627 446 13 those those DT 31627 446 14 of of IN 31627 446 15 the the DT 31627 446 16 Phlegræan Phlegræan NNP 31627 446 17 Fields Fields NNPS 31627 446 18 , , , 31627 446 19 to to TO 31627 446 20 be be VB 31627 446 21 in in IN 31627 446 22 activity activity NN 31627 446 23 by by IN 31627 446 24 turns turn NNS 31627 446 25 , , , 31627 446 26 one one CD 31627 446 27 vent vent NN 31627 446 28 serving serve VBG 31627 446 29 for for IN 31627 446 30 a a DT 31627 446 31 time time NN 31627 446 32 as as IN 31627 446 33 a a DT 31627 446 34 safety safety NN 31627 446 35 - - HYPH 31627 446 36 valve valve NN 31627 446 37 for for IN 31627 446 38 the the DT 31627 446 39 others other NNS 31627 446 40 . . . 31627 447 1 The the DT 31627 447 2 most most RBS 31627 447 3 memorable memorable JJ 31627 447 4 eruption eruption NN 31627 447 5 of of IN 31627 447 6 recent recent JJ 31627 447 7 years year NNS 31627 447 8 was be VBD 31627 447 9 that that DT 31627 447 10 of of IN 31627 447 11 Skaptár Skaptár NNP 31627 447 12 Jokul Jokul NNP 31627 447 13 in in IN 31627 447 14 1783 1783 CD 31627 447 15 , , , 31627 447 16 when when WRB 31627 447 17 a a DT 31627 447 18 new new JJ 31627 447 19 island island NN 31627 447 20 was be VBD 31627 447 21 thrown throw VBN 31627 447 22 up up RP 31627 447 23 , , , 31627 447 24 and and CC 31627 447 25 two two CD 31627 447 26 torrents torrent NNS 31627 447 27 of of IN 31627 447 28 lava lava NN 31627 447 29 issued issue VBN 31627 447 30 forth forth RB 31627 447 31 , , , 31627 447 32 one one CD 31627 447 33 45 45 CD 31627 447 34 and and CC 31627 447 35 the the DT 31627 447 36 other other JJ 31627 447 37 50 50 CD 31627 447 38 miles mile NNS 31627 447 39 in in IN 31627 447 40 length length NN 31627 447 41 , , , 31627 447 42 and and CC 31627 447 43 which which WDT 31627 447 44 , , , 31627 447 45 according accord VBG 31627 447 46 to to IN 31627 447 47 the the DT 31627 447 48 estimate estimate NN 31627 447 49 of of IN 31627 447 50 Professor Professor NNP 31627 447 51 Bischoff Bischoff NNP 31627 447 52 , , , 31627 447 53 contained contain VBD 31627 447 54 matter matter NN 31627 447 55 surpassing surpass VBG 31627 447 56 in in IN 31627 447 57 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 447 58 the the DT 31627 447 59 bulk bulk NN 31627 447 60 of of IN 31627 447 61 Mont Mont NNP 31627 447 62 Blanc Blanc NNP 31627 447 63 . . . 31627 448 1 One one CD 31627 448 2 of of IN 31627 448 3 these these DT 31627 448 4 streams stream NNS 31627 448 5 filled fill VBD 31627 448 6 up up RP 31627 448 7 a a DT 31627 448 8 large large JJ 31627 448 9 lake lake NN 31627 448 10 , , , 31627 448 11 and and CC 31627 448 12 , , , 31627 448 13 entering enter VBG 31627 448 14 the the DT 31627 448 15 channel channel NN 31627 448 16 of of IN 31627 448 17 the the DT 31627 448 18 Skaptâ Skaptâ NNP 31627 448 19 , , , 31627 448 20 completely completely RB 31627 448 21 dried dry VBD 31627 448 22 up up RP 31627 448 23 the the DT 31627 448 24 river river NN 31627 448 25 . . . 31627 449 1 The the DT 31627 449 2 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 449 3 of of IN 31627 449 4 Iceland Iceland NNP 31627 449 5 may may MD 31627 449 6 be be VB 31627 449 7 considered consider VBN 31627 449 8 as as IN 31627 449 9 safety safety NN 31627 449 10 - - HYPH 31627 449 11 valves valve NNS 31627 449 12 to to IN 31627 449 13 the the DT 31627 449 14 region region NN 31627 449 15 in in IN 31627 449 16 which which WDT 31627 449 17 lie lie VBP 31627 449 18 the the DT 31627 449 19 British British NNP 31627 449 20 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 449 21 . . . 31627 450 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 450 2 _ _ NNP 31627 450 3 b. b. NNP 31627 450 4 _ _ NNP 31627 450 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 450 6 _ _ NNP 31627 450 7 The the DT 31627 450 8 Azores Azores NNPS 31627 450 9 , , , 31627 450 10 Canary Canary NNP 31627 450 11 , , , 31627 450 12 and and CC 31627 450 13 Cape Cape NNP 31627 450 14 de de NNP 31627 450 15 Verde Verde NNP 31627 450 16 Groups._--This Groups._--This NNP 31627 450 17 group group NN 31627 450 18 of of IN 31627 450 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 450 20 isles isles NNPS 31627 450 21 rises rise VBZ 31627 450 22 from from IN 31627 450 23 deep deep JJ 31627 450 24 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 450 25 waters water NNS 31627 450 26 north north RB 31627 450 27 of of IN 31627 450 28 the the DT 31627 450 29 Equator Equator NNP 31627 450 30 , , , 31627 450 31 and and CC 31627 450 32 the the DT 31627 450 33 vents vent NNS 31627 450 34 of of IN 31627 450 35 eruption eruption NN 31627 450 36 are be VBP 31627 450 37 partially partially RB 31627 450 38 active active JJ 31627 450 39 , , , 31627 450 40 partially partially RB 31627 450 41 dormant dormant JJ 31627 450 42 , , , 31627 450 43 or or CC 31627 450 44 extinct extinct JJ 31627 450 45 . . . 31627 451 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 451 2 must must MD 31627 451 3 be be VB 31627 451 4 supposed suppose VBN 31627 451 5 , , , 31627 451 6 however however RB 31627 451 7 , , , 31627 451 8 that that IN 31627 451 9 at at IN 31627 451 10 a a DT 31627 451 11 former former JJ 31627 451 12 period period NN 31627 451 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 451 14 action action NN 31627 451 15 was be VBD 31627 451 16 vastly vastly RB 31627 451 17 more more RBR 31627 451 18 energetic energetic JJ 31627 451 19 than than IN 31627 451 20 at at IN 31627 451 21 present present NN 31627 451 22 ; ; : 31627 451 23 for for IN 31627 451 24 , , , 31627 451 25 except except IN 31627 451 26 at at IN 31627 451 27 the the DT 31627 451 28 Grand Grand NNP 31627 451 29 Canary Canary NNP 31627 451 30 , , , 31627 451 31 Gomera Gomera NNP 31627 451 32 , , , 31627 451 33 Forta Forta NNP 31627 451 34 Ventura Ventura NNP 31627 451 35 , , , 31627 451 36 and and CC 31627 451 37 Lancerote Lancerote NNP 31627 451 38 , , , 31627 451 39 where where WRB 31627 451 40 various various JJ 31627 451 41 non non JJ 31627 451 42 - - JJ 31627 451 43 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 451 44 rocks rock NNS 31627 451 45 are be VBP 31627 451 46 found find VBN 31627 451 47 , , , 31627 451 48 these these DT 31627 451 49 islands island NNS 31627 451 50 appear appear VBP 31627 451 51 to to TO 31627 451 52 have have VB 31627 451 53 been be VBN 31627 451 54 built build VBN 31627 451 55 up up RP 31627 451 56 from from IN 31627 451 57 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 451 58 foundations foundation NNS 31627 451 59 of of IN 31627 451 60 eruptive eruptive JJ 31627 451 61 materials material NNS 31627 451 62 . . . 31627 452 1 The the DT 31627 452 2 highest high JJS 31627 452 3 point point NN 31627 452 4 in in IN 31627 452 5 the the DT 31627 452 6 Azores Azores NNPS 31627 452 7 is be VBZ 31627 452 8 the the DT 31627 452 9 Peak Peak NNP 31627 452 10 of of IN 31627 452 11 Pico Pico NNP 31627 452 12 , , , 31627 452 13 which which WDT 31627 452 14 rises rise VBZ 31627 452 15 to to IN 31627 452 16 a a DT 31627 452 17 height height NN 31627 452 18 of of IN 31627 452 19 7016 7016 CD 31627 452 20 feet foot NNS 31627 452 21 above above IN 31627 452 22 the the DT 31627 452 23 ocean ocean NN 31627 452 24 . . . 31627 453 1 But but CC 31627 453 2 this this DT 31627 453 3 great great JJ 31627 453 4 elevation elevation NN 31627 453 5 is be VBZ 31627 453 6 surpassed surpass VBN 31627 453 7 by by IN 31627 453 8 that that DT 31627 453 9 of of IN 31627 453 10 the the DT 31627 453 11 Peak Peak NNP 31627 453 12 of of IN 31627 453 13 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 31627 453 14 ( ( -LRB- 31627 453 15 or or CC 31627 453 16 Pic Pic NNP 31627 453 17 de de NNP 31627 453 18 Teyde Teyde NNP 31627 453 19 ) ) -RRB- 31627 453 20 in in IN 31627 453 21 the the DT 31627 453 22 Canaries Canaries NNP 31627 453 23 , , , 31627 453 24 which which WDT 31627 453 25 attains attain VBZ 31627 453 26 to to IN 31627 453 27 an an DT 31627 453 28 elevation elevation NN 31627 453 29 of of IN 31627 453 30 12,225 12,225 CD 31627 453 31 feet foot NNS 31627 453 32 , , , 31627 453 33 as as IN 31627 453 34 determined determine VBN 31627 453 35 by by IN 31627 453 36 Professor Professor NNP 31627 453 37 Piazzi Piazzi NNP 31627 453 38 Smyth Smyth NNP 31627 453 39 . . . 31627 454 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 454 2 2 2 LS 31627 454 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 454 4 This this DT 31627 454 5 great great JJ 31627 454 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 454 7 cone cone NN 31627 454 8 , , , 31627 454 9 rising rise VBG 31627 454 10 from from IN 31627 454 11 the the DT 31627 454 12 ocean ocean NN 31627 454 13 , , , 31627 454 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 454 15 summit summit NN 31627 454 16 shrouded shroud VBN 31627 454 17 in in IN 31627 454 18 snow snow NN 31627 454 19 , , , 31627 454 20 and and CC 31627 454 21 often often RB 31627 454 22 protruding protrude VBG 31627 454 23 above above IN 31627 454 24 the the DT 31627 454 25 clouds cloud NNS 31627 454 26 , , , 31627 454 27 must must MD 31627 454 28 be be VB 31627 454 29 an an DT 31627 454 30 object object NN 31627 454 31 of of IN 31627 454 32 uncommon uncommon JJ 31627 454 33 beauty beauty NN 31627 454 34 and and CC 31627 454 35 interest interest NN 31627 454 36 when when WRB 31627 454 37 seen see VBN 31627 454 38 from from IN 31627 454 39 the the DT 31627 454 40 deck deck NN 31627 454 41 of of IN 31627 454 42 a a DT 31627 454 43 ship ship NN 31627 454 44 . . . 31627 455 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 455 2 Fig fig NN 31627 455 3 . . . 31627 456 1 4 4 LS 31627 456 2 . . . 31627 456 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 457 1 The the DT 31627 457 2 central central JJ 31627 457 3 cone cone NN 31627 457 4 , , , 31627 457 5 formed form VBN 31627 457 6 of of IN 31627 457 7 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 457 8 , , , 31627 457 9 pumice pumice NN 31627 457 10 , , , 31627 457 11 obsidian obsidian JJ 31627 457 12 , , , 31627 457 13 and and CC 31627 457 14 ashes ashe NNS 31627 457 15 , , , 31627 457 16 rises rise VBZ 31627 457 17 out out IN 31627 457 18 of of IN 31627 457 19 a a DT 31627 457 20 vast vast JJ 31627 457 21 caldron caldron NN 31627 457 22 of of IN 31627 457 23 older old JJR 31627 457 24 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 457 25 rocks rock NNS 31627 457 26 with with IN 31627 457 27 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 457 28 inner inner JJ 31627 457 29 walls wall NNS 31627 457 30 -- -- : 31627 457 31 much much RB 31627 457 32 as as IN 31627 457 33 the the DT 31627 457 34 cone cone NN 31627 457 35 of of IN 31627 457 36 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 457 37 rises rise VBZ 31627 457 38 from from IN 31627 457 39 within within IN 31627 457 40 the the DT 31627 457 41 partially partially RB 31627 457 42 encircling encircle VBG 31627 457 43 walls wall NNS 31627 457 44 of of IN 31627 457 45 Somma Somma NNP 31627 457 46 . . . 31627 458 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 458 2 Fig fig NN 31627 458 3 . . . 31627 459 1 5 5 CD 31627 459 2 . . . 31627 459 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 460 1 From from IN 31627 460 2 the the DT 31627 460 3 summit summit NN 31627 460 4 issue issue NN 31627 460 5 forth forth RB 31627 460 6 sulphurous sulphurous JJ 31627 460 7 vapours vapour NNS 31627 460 8 , , , 31627 460 9 but but CC 31627 460 10 no no DT 31627 460 11 flame flame NN 31627 460 12 . . . 31627 461 1 Piazzi Piazzi NNP 31627 461 2 Smyth Smyth NNP 31627 461 3 , , , 31627 461 4 who who WP 31627 461 5 during during IN 31627 461 6 a a DT 31627 461 7 prolonged prolonged JJ 31627 461 8 visit visit NN 31627 461 9 to to IN 31627 461 10 this this DT 31627 461 11 mountain mountain NN 31627 461 12 in in IN 31627 461 13 1856 1856 CD 31627 461 14 made make VBD 31627 461 15 a a DT 31627 461 16 careful careful JJ 31627 461 17 survey survey NN 31627 461 18 of of IN 31627 461 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 461 20 form form NN 31627 461 21 and and CC 31627 461 22 structure structure NN 31627 461 23 , , , 31627 461 24 shows show VBZ 31627 461 25 that that IN 31627 461 26 the the DT 31627 461 27 great great JJ 31627 461 28 cone cone NN 31627 461 29 is be VBZ 31627 461 30 surrounded surround VBN 31627 461 31 by by IN 31627 461 32 an an DT 31627 461 33 outer outer JJ 31627 461 34 ring ring NN 31627 461 35 of of IN 31627 461 36 basalt basalt NN 31627 461 37 enclosing enclose VBG 31627 461 38 two two CD 31627 461 39 _ _ NNP 31627 461 40 foci foci NN 31627 461 41 _ _ NNP 31627 461 42 of of IN 31627 461 43 eruption eruption NN 31627 461 44 , , , 31627 461 45 the the DT 31627 461 46 lavas lavas NN 31627 461 47 from from IN 31627 461 48 which which WDT 31627 461 49 have have VBP 31627 461 50 broken break VBN 31627 461 51 through through IN 31627 461 52 the the DT 31627 461 53 ring ring NN 31627 461 54 of of IN 31627 461 55 the the DT 31627 461 56 outer outer JJ 31627 461 57 crater crater NN 31627 461 58 on on IN 31627 461 59 the the DT 31627 461 60 western western JJ 31627 461 61 side side NN 31627 461 62 , , , 31627 461 63 and and CC 31627 461 64 have have VBP 31627 461 65 poured pour VBN 31627 461 66 down down RP 31627 461 67 the the DT 31627 461 68 mountain mountain NN 31627 461 69 . . . 31627 462 1 At at IN 31627 462 2 the the DT 31627 462 3 top top NN 31627 462 4 of of IN 31627 462 5 the the DT 31627 462 6 peak peak NN 31627 462 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 462 8 once once RB 31627 462 9 active active JJ 31627 462 10 crater crater NN 31627 462 11 is be VBZ 31627 462 12 filled fill VBN 31627 462 13 up up RP 31627 462 14 , , , 31627 462 15 and and CC 31627 462 16 we -PRON- PRP 31627 462 17 find find VBP 31627 462 18 a a DT 31627 462 19 convex convex NNP 31627 462 20 surface surface NN 31627 462 21 ( ( -LRB- 31627 462 22 " " `` 31627 462 23 The the DT 31627 462 24 Plain Plain NNP 31627 462 25 of of IN 31627 462 26 Rambleta Rambleta NNP 31627 462 27 " " '' 31627 462 28 ) ) -RRB- 31627 462 29 surmounted surmount VBD 31627 462 30 towards towards IN 31627 462 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 462 32 eastern eastern JJ 31627 462 33 end end NN 31627 462 34 by by IN 31627 462 35 a a DT 31627 462 36 diminutive diminutive JJ 31627 462 37 cone cone NN 31627 462 38 , , , 31627 462 39 500 500 CD 31627 462 40 feet foot NNS 31627 462 41 high high JJ 31627 462 42 , , , 31627 462 43 called call VBN 31627 462 44 " " `` 31627 462 45 Humboldt Humboldt NNP 31627 462 46 's 's POS 31627 462 47 Ash Ash NNP 31627 462 48 Cone Cone NNP 31627 462 49 . . . 31627 462 50 " " '' 31627 463 1 The the DT 31627 463 2 slope slope NN 31627 463 3 of of IN 31627 463 4 the the DT 31627 463 5 great great JJ 31627 463 6 cone cone NN 31627 463 7 of of IN 31627 463 8 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 31627 463 9 ranges range VBZ 31627 463 10 from from IN 31627 463 11 28 28 CD 31627 463 12 ° ° NNS 31627 463 13 to to IN 31627 463 14 38 38 CD 31627 463 15 ° ° NNS 31627 463 16 ; ; , 31627 463 17 and and CC 31627 463 18 below below IN 31627 463 19 a a DT 31627 463 20 level level NN 31627 463 21 of of IN 31627 463 22 7000 7000 CD 31627 463 23 feet foot NNS 31627 463 24 the the DT 31627 463 25 general general JJ 31627 463 26 slope slope NN 31627 463 27 of of IN 31627 463 28 the the DT 31627 463 29 whole whole JJ 31627 463 30 mountain mountain NN 31627 463 31 down down RP 31627 463 32 to to IN 31627 463 33 the the DT 31627 463 34 water water NN 31627 463 35 's 's POS 31627 463 36 edge edge NN 31627 463 37 varies vary VBZ 31627 463 38 from from IN 31627 463 39 10 10 CD 31627 463 40 ° ° NNS 31627 463 41 to to IN 31627 463 42 12 12 CD 31627 463 43 ° ° NNS 31627 463 44 from from IN 31627 463 45 the the DT 31627 463 46 horizontal horizontal NN 31627 463 47 . . . 31627 464 1 The the DT 31627 464 2 great great JJ 31627 464 3 cone cone NN 31627 464 4 is be VBZ 31627 464 5 penetrated penetrate VBN 31627 464 6 by by IN 31627 464 7 numerous numerous JJ 31627 464 8 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 464 9 dykes dyke NNS 31627 464 10 . . . 31627 465 1 The the DT 31627 465 2 Cape Cape NNP 31627 465 3 de de NNP 31627 465 4 Verde Verde NNP 31627 465 5 Islands Islands NNP 31627 465 6 , , , 31627 465 7 which which WDT 31627 465 8 contain contain VBP 31627 465 9 beds bed NNS 31627 465 10 of of IN 31627 465 11 limestone limestone NN 31627 465 12 along along IN 31627 465 13 with with IN 31627 465 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 465 15 matter matter NN 31627 465 16 , , , 31627 465 17 possess possess VBP 31627 465 18 in in IN 31627 465 19 the the DT 31627 465 20 island island NN 31627 465 21 of of IN 31627 465 22 Fuego Fuego NNP 31627 465 23 an an DT 31627 465 24 active active JJ 31627 465 25 volcano volcano NN 31627 465 26 , , , 31627 465 27 rising rise VBG 31627 465 28 to to IN 31627 465 29 a a DT 31627 465 30 height height NN 31627 465 31 of of IN 31627 465 32 7000 7000 CD 31627 465 33 feet foot NNS 31627 465 34 above above IN 31627 465 35 the the DT 31627 465 36 surface surface NN 31627 465 37 of of IN 31627 465 38 the the DT 31627 465 39 ocean ocean NN 31627 465 40 . . . 31627 466 1 The the DT 31627 466 2 central central JJ 31627 466 3 cone cone NN 31627 466 4 , , , 31627 466 5 like like IN 31627 466 6 that that DT 31627 466 7 of of IN 31627 466 8 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 31627 466 9 , , , 31627 466 10 rises rise VBZ 31627 466 11 from from IN 31627 466 12 within within IN 31627 466 13 an an DT 31627 466 14 outer outer JJ 31627 466 15 crater crater NN 31627 466 16 , , , 31627 466 17 formed form VBN 31627 466 18 of of IN 31627 466 19 basalt basalt NN 31627 466 20 alternating alternate VBG 31627 466 21 with with IN 31627 466 22 beds bed NNS 31627 466 23 of of IN 31627 466 24 agglomerate agglomerate NN 31627 466 25 , , , 31627 466 26 and and CC 31627 466 27 traversed traverse VBN 31627 466 28 by by IN 31627 466 29 numerous numerous JJ 31627 466 30 dykes dyke NNS 31627 466 31 of of IN 31627 466 32 lava lava NN 31627 466 33 . . . 31627 467 1 This this DT 31627 467 2 has have VBZ 31627 467 3 been be VBN 31627 467 4 broken break VBN 31627 467 5 down down RP 31627 467 6 on on IN 31627 467 7 one one CD 31627 467 8 side side NN 31627 467 9 like like IN 31627 467 10 that that DT 31627 467 11 of of IN 31627 467 12 Somma Somma NNP 31627 467 13 ; ; : 31627 467 14 and and CC 31627 467 15 over over IN 31627 467 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 467 17 flanks flank NNS 31627 467 18 are be VBP 31627 467 19 scattered scatter VBN 31627 467 20 numerous numerous JJ 31627 467 21 cones cone NNS 31627 467 22 of of IN 31627 467 23 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 467 24 , , , 31627 467 25 the the DT 31627 467 26 most most RBS 31627 467 27 recent recent JJ 31627 467 28 dating dating NN 31627 467 29 from from IN 31627 467 30 the the DT 31627 467 31 years year NNS 31627 467 32 1785 1785 CD 31627 467 33 and and CC 31627 467 34 1799 1799 CD 31627 467 35 . . . 31627 468 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 468 2 3 3 CD 31627 468 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 468 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 468 5 Illustration illustration NN 31627 468 6 : : : 31627 468 7 Fig Fig NNP 31627 468 8 . . . 31627 469 1 5.--View 5.--view CD 31627 469 2 of of IN 31627 469 3 the the DT 31627 469 4 summit summit NN 31627 469 5 of of IN 31627 469 6 the the DT 31627 469 7 Peak Peak NNP 31627 469 8 of of IN 31627 469 9 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 31627 469 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 469 11 12,225 12,225 CD 31627 469 12 feet foot NNS 31627 469 13 ) ) -RRB- 31627 469 14 and and CC 31627 469 15 of of IN 31627 469 16 the the DT 31627 469 17 secondary secondary JJ 31627 469 18 crater crater NN 31627 469 19 , , , 31627 469 20 or or CC 31627 469 21 outer outer JJ 31627 469 22 ring ring NN 31627 469 23 of of IN 31627 469 24 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 469 25 sheets sheet NNS 31627 469 26 which which WDT 31627 469 27 surrounds surround VBZ 31627 469 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 469 29 base base NN 31627 469 30 ; ; , 31627 469 31 seen see VBN 31627 469 32 from from IN 31627 469 33 the the DT 31627 469 34 east.--(After east.--(After . 31627 469 35 Leopold Leopold NNP 31627 469 36 von von NNP 31627 469 37 Buch Buch NNP 31627 469 38 . . . 31627 469 39 ) ) -RRB- 31627 469 40 ] ] -RRB- 31627 470 1 The the DT 31627 470 2 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 470 3 of of IN 31627 470 4 Lancerote Lancerote NNP 31627 470 5 have have VBP 31627 470 6 a a DT 31627 470 7 remarkably remarkably RB 31627 470 8 linear linear JJ 31627 470 9 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 470 10 from from IN 31627 470 11 west west NNP 31627 470 12 to to IN 31627 470 13 east east NN 31627 470 14 across across IN 31627 470 15 the the DT 31627 470 16 island island NN 31627 470 17 . . . 31627 471 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 471 2 are be VBP 31627 471 3 not not RB 31627 471 4 yet yet RB 31627 471 5 extinct extinct VBN 31627 471 6 ; ; : 31627 471 7 for for IN 31627 471 8 an an DT 31627 471 9 eruption eruption NN 31627 471 10 in in IN 31627 471 11 1730 1730 CD 31627 471 12 destroyed destroy VBD 31627 471 13 a a DT 31627 471 14 large large JJ 31627 471 15 number number NN 31627 471 16 of of IN 31627 471 17 villages village NNS 31627 471 18 , , , 31627 471 19 and and CC 31627 471 20 covered cover VBN 31627 471 21 with with IN 31627 471 22 lava lava NN 31627 471 23 the the DT 31627 471 24 most most RBS 31627 471 25 fertile fertile JJ 31627 471 26 tracts tract NNS 31627 471 27 in in IN 31627 471 28 the the DT 31627 471 29 island island NN 31627 471 30 , , , 31627 471 31 which which WDT 31627 471 32 at at IN 31627 471 33 the the DT 31627 471 34 time time NN 31627 471 35 of of IN 31627 471 36 Leopold Leopold NNP 31627 471 37 von von NNP 31627 471 38 Buch Buch NNP 31627 471 39 's 's POS 31627 471 40 visit visit NN 31627 471 41 lay lie VBD 31627 471 42 waste waste NN 31627 471 43 and and CC 31627 471 44 destitute destitute NN 31627 471 45 of of IN 31627 471 46 herbage herbage NN 31627 471 47 . . . 31627 472 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 472 2 4 4 CD 31627 472 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 472 4 In in IN 31627 472 5 the the DT 31627 472 6 island island NN 31627 472 7 of of IN 31627 472 8 Palma Palma NNP 31627 472 9 there there EX 31627 472 10 is be VBZ 31627 472 11 one one CD 31627 472 12 large large JJ 31627 472 13 central central JJ 31627 472 14 crater crater NN 31627 472 15 , , , 31627 472 16 the the DT 31627 472 17 Caldera Caldera NNP 31627 472 18 de de NNP 31627 472 19 Palma Palma NNP 31627 472 20 , , , 31627 472 21 three three CD 31627 472 22 leagues league NNS 31627 472 23 in in IN 31627 472 24 diameter diameter NN 31627 472 25 , , , 31627 472 26 the the DT 31627 472 27 walls wall NNS 31627 472 28 of of IN 31627 472 29 which which WDT 31627 472 30 conform conform VBP 31627 472 31 closely closely RB 31627 472 32 to to IN 31627 472 33 the the DT 31627 472 34 margin margin NN 31627 472 35 of of IN 31627 472 36 the the DT 31627 472 37 coast coast NN 31627 472 38 . . . 31627 473 1 Von Von NNP 31627 473 2 Buch Buch NNP 31627 473 3 calls call VBZ 31627 473 4 this this DT 31627 473 5 crater crater NN 31627 473 6 " " `` 31627 473 7 une une NNP 31627 473 8 merveille merveille NNP 31627 473 9 de de FW 31627 473 10 la la NNP 31627 473 11 nature nature NNP 31627 473 12 , , , 31627 473 13 " " '' 31627 473 14 for for IN 31627 473 15 it -PRON- PRP 31627 473 16 distinguishes distinguish VBZ 31627 473 17 this this DT 31627 473 18 isle isle NN 31627 473 19 from from IN 31627 473 20 all all PDT 31627 473 21 the the DT 31627 473 22 others other NNS 31627 473 23 , , , 31627 473 24 and and CC 31627 473 25 renders render VBZ 31627 473 26 it -PRON- PRP 31627 473 27 one one CD 31627 473 28 of of IN 31627 473 29 the the DT 31627 473 30 most most RBS 31627 473 31 interesting interesting JJ 31627 473 32 and and CC 31627 473 33 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 473 34 amongst amongst IN 31627 473 35 the the DT 31627 473 36 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 473 37 islands island NNS 31627 473 38 of of IN 31627 473 39 the the DT 31627 473 40 ocean ocean NN 31627 473 41 . . . 31627 474 1 The the DT 31627 474 2 outer outer JJ 31627 474 3 walls wall NNS 31627 474 4 are be VBP 31627 474 5 formed form VBN 31627 474 6 of of IN 31627 474 7 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 474 8 sheets sheet NNS 31627 474 9 , , , 31627 474 10 and and CC 31627 474 11 towards towards IN 31627 474 12 the the DT 31627 474 13 south south NN 31627 474 14 this this DT 31627 474 15 great great JJ 31627 474 16 natural natural JJ 31627 474 17 theatre theatre NN 31627 474 18 is be VBZ 31627 474 19 connected connect VBN 31627 474 20 with with IN 31627 474 21 the the DT 31627 474 22 ocean ocean NN 31627 474 23 by by IN 31627 474 24 a a DT 31627 474 25 long long JJ 31627 474 26 straight straight JJ 31627 474 27 valley valley NN 31627 474 28 , , , 31627 474 29 called call VBD 31627 474 30 the the DT 31627 474 31 " " `` 31627 474 32 Barranco Barranco NNP 31627 474 33 de de NNP 31627 474 34 los los NNP 31627 474 35 Dolores Dolores NNP 31627 474 36 , , , 31627 474 37 " " '' 31627 474 38 along along IN 31627 474 39 whose whose WP$ 31627 474 40 sides side NNS 31627 474 41 the the DT 31627 474 42 structure structure NN 31627 474 43 of of IN 31627 474 44 the the DT 31627 474 45 mountain mountain NN 31627 474 46 is be VBZ 31627 474 47 deeply deeply RB 31627 474 48 laid lay VBN 31627 474 49 open open JJ 31627 474 50 to to IN 31627 474 51 view view NN 31627 474 52 . . . 31627 475 1 The the DT 31627 475 2 outer outer JJ 31627 475 3 flanks flank NNS 31627 475 4 of of IN 31627 475 5 the the DT 31627 475 6 crater crater NN 31627 475 7 are be VBP 31627 475 8 furrowed furrow VBN 31627 475 9 by by IN 31627 475 10 a a DT 31627 475 11 great great JJ 31627 475 12 number number NN 31627 475 13 of of IN 31627 475 14 smaller small JJR 31627 475 15 barrancos barrancos NNP 31627 475 16 radiating radiate VBG 31627 475 17 outward outward RB 31627 475 18 from from IN 31627 475 19 the the DT 31627 475 20 rim rim NN 31627 475 21 of of IN 31627 475 22 the the DT 31627 475 23 caldera caldera NN 31627 475 24 . . . 31627 476 1 Von Von NNP 31627 476 2 Buch Buch NNP 31627 476 3 regards regard VBZ 31627 476 4 the the DT 31627 476 5 barrancos barrancos NN 31627 476 6 as as IN 31627 476 7 having have VBG 31627 476 8 been be VBN 31627 476 9 formed form VBN 31627 476 10 during during IN 31627 476 11 the the DT 31627 476 12 upheaval upheaval NN 31627 476 13 of of IN 31627 476 14 the the DT 31627 476 15 island island NN 31627 476 16 , , , 31627 476 17 according accord VBG 31627 476 18 to to IN 31627 476 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 476 20 theory theory NN 31627 476 21 of of IN 31627 476 22 the the DT 31627 476 23 formation formation NN 31627 476 24 of of IN 31627 476 25 such such JJ 31627 476 26 mountains mountain NNS 31627 476 27 ( ( -LRB- 31627 476 28 the the DT 31627 476 29 elevation elevation NN 31627 476 30 - - HYPH 31627 476 31 theory theory NN 31627 476 32 ) ) -RRB- 31627 476 33 ; ; : 31627 476 34 but but CC 31627 476 35 unfortunately unfortunately RB 31627 476 36 for for IN 31627 476 37 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 476 38 views view NNS 31627 476 39 , , , 31627 476 40 these these DT 31627 476 41 ravines ravine NNS 31627 476 42 widen widen VBP 31627 476 43 outwards outward NNS 31627 476 44 from from IN 31627 476 45 the the DT 31627 476 46 centre centre NN 31627 476 47 , , , 31627 476 48 or or CC 31627 476 49 at at IN 31627 476 50 least least JJS 31627 476 51 do do VB 31627 476 52 not not RB 31627 476 53 become become VB 31627 476 54 narrower narrow JJR 31627 476 55 in in IN 31627 476 56 that that DT 31627 476 57 direction direction NN 31627 476 58 , , , 31627 476 59 as as IN 31627 476 60 would would MD 31627 476 61 be be VB 31627 476 62 the the DT 31627 476 63 case case NN 31627 476 64 were be VBD 31627 476 65 the the DT 31627 476 66 elevation elevation NN 31627 476 67 - - HYPH 31627 476 68 theory theory NN 31627 476 69 sound sound NN 31627 476 70 . . . 31627 477 1 The the DT 31627 477 2 maps map NNS 31627 477 3 which which WDT 31627 477 4 accompany accompany VBP 31627 477 5 Von Von NNP 31627 477 6 Buch Buch NNP 31627 477 7 's 's POS 31627 477 8 work work NN 31627 477 9 are be VBP 31627 477 10 remarkably remarkably RB 31627 477 11 good good JJ 31627 477 12 , , , 31627 477 13 and and CC 31627 477 14 were be VBD 31627 477 15 partly partly RB 31627 477 16 constructed construct VBN 31627 477 17 by by IN 31627 477 18 himself -PRON- PRP 31627 477 19 . . . 31627 478 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 478 2 _ _ NNP 31627 478 3 c. c. NNP 31627 478 4 _ _ NNP 31627 478 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 478 6 _ _ NNP 31627 478 7 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 478 8 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 478 9 in in IN 31627 478 10 the the DT 31627 478 11 Atlantic atlantic JJ 31627 478 12 south south NN 31627 478 13 of of IN 31627 478 14 the the DT 31627 478 15 Equator._--The Equator._--The NNP 31627 478 16 island island NN 31627 478 17 of of IN 31627 478 18 Ascension Ascension NNP 31627 478 19 , , , 31627 478 20 formed form VBN 31627 478 21 entirely entirely RB 31627 478 22 of of IN 31627 478 23 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 478 24 matter matter NN 31627 478 25 , , , 31627 478 26 rises rise VBZ 31627 478 27 from from IN 31627 478 28 a a DT 31627 478 29 depth depth NN 31627 478 30 of of IN 31627 478 31 2000 2000 CD 31627 478 32 fathoms fathom NNS 31627 478 33 in in IN 31627 478 34 the the DT 31627 478 35 very very RB 31627 478 36 centre centre NN 31627 478 37 of of IN 31627 478 38 the the DT 31627 478 39 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 478 40 . . . 31627 479 1 As as IN 31627 479 2 described describe VBN 31627 479 3 by by IN 31627 479 4 Darwin Darwin NNP 31627 479 5 , , , 31627 479 6 the the DT 31627 479 7 central central JJ 31627 479 8 and and CC 31627 479 9 more more RBR 31627 479 10 elevated elevated JJ 31627 479 11 portions portion NNS 31627 479 12 are be VBP 31627 479 13 formed form VBN 31627 479 14 of of IN 31627 479 15 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 479 16 matter matter NN 31627 479 17 , , , 31627 479 18 with with IN 31627 479 19 obsidian obsidian JJ 31627 479 20 and and CC 31627 479 21 laminated laminate VBN 31627 479 22 ash ash NNP 31627 479 23 beds bed NNS 31627 479 24 . . . 31627 480 1 Amongst amongst IN 31627 480 2 these these DT 31627 480 3 are be VBP 31627 480 4 found find VBN 31627 480 5 ejected eject VBN 31627 480 6 masses masse NNS 31627 480 7 of of IN 31627 480 8 unchanged unchanged JJ 31627 480 9 granite granite NN 31627 480 10 , , , 31627 480 11 fragments fragment NNS 31627 480 12 of of IN 31627 480 13 which which WDT 31627 480 14 have have VBP 31627 480 15 been be VBN 31627 480 16 torn tear VBN 31627 480 17 from from IN 31627 480 18 the the DT 31627 480 19 central central JJ 31627 480 20 pipe pipe NN 31627 480 21 during during IN 31627 480 22 periods period NNS 31627 480 23 of of IN 31627 480 24 activity activity NN 31627 480 25 , , , 31627 480 26 and and CC 31627 480 27 would would MD 31627 480 28 seem seem VB 31627 480 29 to to TO 31627 480 30 indicate indicate VB 31627 480 31 a a DT 31627 480 32 granitic granitic JJ 31627 480 33 floor floor NN 31627 480 34 , , , 31627 480 35 or or CC 31627 480 36 at at IN 31627 480 37 least least JJS 31627 480 38 an an DT 31627 480 39 original original JJ 31627 480 40 floor floor NN 31627 480 41 upon upon IN 31627 480 42 which which WDT 31627 480 43 more more JJR 31627 480 44 recent recent JJ 31627 480 45 deposits deposit NNS 31627 480 46 may may MD 31627 480 47 have have VB 31627 480 48 been be VBN 31627 480 49 superimposed superimpose VBN 31627 480 50 . . . 31627 481 1 In in IN 31627 481 2 St. St. NNP 31627 481 3 Helena Helena NNP 31627 481 4 we -PRON- PRP 31627 481 5 seem seem VBP 31627 481 6 , , , 31627 481 7 according accord VBG 31627 481 8 to to IN 31627 481 9 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 481 10 , , , 31627 481 11 to to TO 31627 481 12 have have VB 31627 481 13 the the DT 31627 481 14 mere mere JJ 31627 481 15 wreck wreck NN 31627 481 16 of of IN 31627 481 17 one one CD 31627 481 18 great great JJ 31627 481 19 crater crater NN 31627 481 20 , , , 31627 481 21 no no DT 31627 481 22 one one CD 31627 481 23 stream stream NN 31627 481 24 of of IN 31627 481 25 lava lava NN 31627 481 26 being be VBG 31627 481 27 traceable traceable JJ 31627 481 28 to to IN 31627 481 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 481 30 source source NN 31627 481 31 , , , 31627 481 32 while while IN 31627 481 33 dykes dyke NNS 31627 481 34 of of IN 31627 481 35 lava lava NN 31627 481 36 are be VBP 31627 481 37 scattered scatter VBN 31627 481 38 in in IN 31627 481 39 profusion profusion NN 31627 481 40 throughout throughout IN 31627 481 41 the the DT 31627 481 42 whole whole JJ 31627 481 43 substance substance NN 31627 481 44 of of IN 31627 481 45 the the DT 31627 481 46 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 481 47 masses masse NNS 31627 481 48 which which WDT 31627 481 49 compose compose VBD 31627 481 50 the the DT 31627 481 51 island island NN 31627 481 52 . . . 31627 482 1 Tristan Tristan NNP 31627 482 2 da da FW 31627 482 3 Cunha Cunha NNP 31627 482 4 , , , 31627 482 5 in in IN 31627 482 6 the the DT 31627 482 7 centre centre NN 31627 482 8 of of IN 31627 482 9 the the DT 31627 482 10 South South NNP 31627 482 11 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 482 12 , , , 31627 482 13 rises rise VBZ 31627 482 14 abruptly abruptly RB 31627 482 15 from from IN 31627 482 16 a a DT 31627 482 17 depth depth NN 31627 482 18 of of IN 31627 482 19 12,150 12,150 CD 31627 482 20 feet foot NNS 31627 482 21 , , , 31627 482 22 at at IN 31627 482 23 a a DT 31627 482 24 distance distance NN 31627 482 25 of of IN 31627 482 26 1500 1500 CD 31627 482 27 miles mile NNS 31627 482 28 from from IN 31627 482 29 any any DT 31627 482 30 land land NN 31627 482 31 ; ; : 31627 482 32 and and CC 31627 482 33 one one CD 31627 482 34 of of IN 31627 482 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 482 36 summits summit NNS 31627 482 37 reaches reach VBZ 31627 482 38 an an DT 31627 482 39 elevation elevation NN 31627 482 40 of of IN 31627 482 41 7000 7000 CD 31627 482 42 feet foot NNS 31627 482 43 , , , 31627 482 44 being be VBG 31627 482 45 a a DT 31627 482 46 truncated truncate VBN 31627 482 47 cone cone NN 31627 482 48 composed compose VBN 31627 482 49 of of IN 31627 482 50 alternating alternate VBG 31627 482 51 strata strata NN 31627 482 52 of of IN 31627 482 53 tuff tuff NNP 31627 482 54 and and CC 31627 482 55 augitic augitic JJ 31627 482 56 lava lava NN 31627 482 57 , , , 31627 482 58 surrounding surround VBG 31627 482 59 a a DT 31627 482 60 crater crater NN 31627 482 61 in in IN 31627 482 62 which which WDT 31627 482 63 is be VBZ 31627 482 64 a a DT 31627 482 65 lake lake NN 31627 482 66 of of IN 31627 482 67 pure pure JJ 31627 482 68 water water NN 31627 482 69 . . . 31627 483 1 The the DT 31627 483 2 volcano volcano NN 31627 483 3 is be VBZ 31627 483 4 extinct extinct JJ 31627 483 5 or or CC 31627 483 6 dormant dormant JJ 31627 483 7 . . . 31627 484 1 Were be VBD 31627 484 2 the the DT 31627 484 3 waters water NNS 31627 484 4 of of IN 31627 484 5 the the DT 31627 484 6 ocean ocean NN 31627 484 7 to to TO 31627 484 8 be be VB 31627 484 9 drawn draw VBN 31627 484 10 off off RP 31627 484 11 , , , 31627 484 12 these these DT 31627 484 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 484 14 islands island NNS 31627 484 15 would would MD 31627 484 16 appear appear VB 31627 484 17 like like IN 31627 484 18 stupendous stupendous JJ 31627 484 19 conical conical JJ 31627 484 20 mountains mountain NNS 31627 484 21 , , , 31627 484 22 far far RB 31627 484 23 loftier loftier RBR 31627 484 24 , , , 31627 484 25 and and CC 31627 484 26 with with IN 31627 484 27 sides side NNS 31627 484 28 more more RBR 31627 484 29 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 484 30 , , , 31627 484 31 than than IN 31627 484 32 any any DT 31627 484 33 to to TO 31627 484 34 be be VB 31627 484 35 found find VBN 31627 484 36 on on IN 31627 484 37 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 484 38 continental continental JJ 31627 484 39 lands land NNS 31627 484 40 , , , 31627 484 41 all all DT 31627 484 42 of of IN 31627 484 43 which which WDT 31627 484 44 rise rise VBP 31627 484 45 from from IN 31627 484 46 platforms platform NNS 31627 484 47 of of IN 31627 484 48 considerable considerable JJ 31627 484 49 elevation elevation NN 31627 484 50 . . . 31627 485 1 The the DT 31627 485 2 enormous enormous JJ 31627 485 3 pressure pressure NN 31627 485 4 of of IN 31627 485 5 the the DT 31627 485 6 water water NN 31627 485 7 on on IN 31627 485 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 485 9 sides side NNS 31627 485 10 enables enable VBZ 31627 485 11 these these DT 31627 485 12 mid mid JJ 31627 485 13 - - JJ 31627 485 14 oceanic oceanic JJ 31627 485 15 islands island NNS 31627 485 16 to to TO 31627 485 17 stand stand VB 31627 485 18 with with IN 31627 485 19 slopes slope NNS 31627 485 20 varying vary VBG 31627 485 21 from from IN 31627 485 22 the the DT 31627 485 23 perpendicular perpendicular NN 31627 485 24 to to IN 31627 485 25 a a DT 31627 485 26 smaller small JJR 31627 485 27 extent extent NN 31627 485 28 than than IN 31627 485 29 if if IN 31627 485 30 they -PRON- PRP 31627 485 31 were be VBD 31627 485 32 sub sub JJ 31627 485 33 - - JJ 31627 485 34 aerial aerial JJ 31627 485 35 ; ; : 31627 485 36 and and CC 31627 485 37 it -PRON- PRP 31627 485 38 is be VBZ 31627 485 39 on on IN 31627 485 40 this this DT 31627 485 41 account account NN 31627 485 42 that that WDT 31627 485 43 we -PRON- PRP 31627 485 44 find find VBP 31627 485 45 them -PRON- PRP 31627 485 46 rising rise VBG 31627 485 47 with with IN 31627 485 48 such such JJ 31627 485 49 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 31627 485 50 abruptness abruptness NN 31627 485 51 from from IN 31627 485 52 the the DT 31627 485 53 " " `` 31627 485 54 vasty vasty JJ 31627 485 55 deep deep NN 31627 485 56 . . . 31627 485 57 " " '' 31627 486 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 486 2 _ _ NNP 31627 486 3 d. d. NNP 31627 486 4 _ _ NNP 31627 486 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 486 6 _ _ NNP 31627 486 7 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 486 8 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 486 9 of of IN 31627 486 10 the the DT 31627 486 11 Pacific._--The Pacific._--The NNP 31627 486 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 486 13 islands island NNS 31627 486 14 of of IN 31627 486 15 this this DT 31627 486 16 great great JJ 31627 486 17 ocean ocean NN 31627 486 18 are be VBP 31627 486 19 scattered scatter VBN 31627 486 20 over over IN 31627 486 21 a a DT 31627 486 22 wide wide JJ 31627 486 23 tract tract NN 31627 486 24 on on IN 31627 486 25 both both DT 31627 486 26 sides side NNS 31627 486 27 of of IN 31627 486 28 the the DT 31627 486 29 equator equator NN 31627 486 30 . . . 31627 487 1 Those those DT 31627 487 2 to to IN 31627 487 3 the the DT 31627 487 4 north north NN 31627 487 5 of of IN 31627 487 6 this this DT 31627 487 7 line line NN 31627 487 8 include include VBP 31627 487 9 the the DT 31627 487 10 Sandwich Sandwich NNP 31627 487 11 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 487 12 , , , 31627 487 13 the the DT 31627 487 14 Mariana Mariana NNP 31627 487 15 or or CC 31627 487 16 Ladrone Ladrone NNP 31627 487 17 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 487 18 , , , 31627 487 19 South South NNP 31627 487 20 Island Island NNP 31627 487 21 , , , 31627 487 22 and and CC 31627 487 23 Bonin Bonin NNP 31627 487 24 Sima Sima NNP 31627 487 25 ; ; : 31627 487 26 south south RB 31627 487 27 of of IN 31627 487 28 the the DT 31627 487 29 equator equator NN 31627 487 30 , , , 31627 487 31 the the DT 31627 487 32 Galapagos Galapagos NNP 31627 487 33 , , , 31627 487 34 New New NNP 31627 487 35 Britain Britain NNP 31627 487 36 , , , 31627 487 37 Salomon Salomon NNP 31627 487 38 , , , 31627 487 39 Santa Santa NNP 31627 487 40 Cruz Cruz NNP 31627 487 41 , , , 31627 487 42 New New NNP 31627 487 43 Hebrides Hebrides NNP 31627 487 44 , , , 31627 487 45 the the DT 31627 487 46 Friendly Friendly NNP 31627 487 47 and and CC 31627 487 48 Society Society NNP 31627 487 49 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 487 50 . . . 31627 488 1 While while IN 31627 488 2 the the DT 31627 488 3 coral coral JJ 31627 488 4 reefs reef NNS 31627 488 5 and and CC 31627 488 6 islands island NNS 31627 488 7 of of IN 31627 488 8 the the DT 31627 488 9 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 488 10 may may MD 31627 488 11 be be VB 31627 488 12 recognised recognise VBN 31627 488 13 by by IN 31627 488 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 488 15 slight slight JJ 31627 488 16 elevation elevation NN 31627 488 17 above above IN 31627 488 18 the the DT 31627 488 19 surface surface NN 31627 488 20 of of IN 31627 488 21 the the DT 31627 488 22 waters water NNS 31627 488 23 , , , 31627 488 24 those those DT 31627 488 25 of of IN 31627 488 26 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 488 27 origin origin NN 31627 488 28 and and CC 31627 488 29 containing contain VBG 31627 488 30 active active JJ 31627 488 31 or or CC 31627 488 32 extinct extinct JJ 31627 488 33 craters crater NNS 31627 488 34 of of IN 31627 488 35 eruption eruption NN 31627 488 36 generally generally RB 31627 488 37 rise rise VBP 31627 488 38 into into IN 31627 488 39 lofty lofty JJ 31627 488 40 elevations elevation NNS 31627 488 41 , , , 31627 488 42 so so IN 31627 488 43 that that IN 31627 488 44 the the DT 31627 488 45 two two CD 31627 488 46 kinds kind NNS 31627 488 47 are be VBP 31627 488 48 called call VBN 31627 488 49 the the DT 31627 488 50 _ _ NNP 31627 488 51 Low Low NNP 31627 488 52 _ _ NNP 31627 488 53 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 488 54 and and CC 31627 488 55 _ _ NNP 31627 488 56 High High NNP 31627 488 57 _ _ NNP 31627 488 58 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 488 59 respectively respectively RB 31627 488 60 . . . 31627 489 1 Amongst amongst IN 31627 489 2 the the DT 31627 489 3 group group NN 31627 489 4 are be VBP 31627 489 5 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 489 6 domes dome NNS 31627 489 7 such such JJ 31627 489 8 as as IN 31627 489 9 the the DT 31627 489 10 Mountain Mountain NNP 31627 489 11 of of IN 31627 489 12 Tobreonu Tobreonu NNP 31627 489 13 in in IN 31627 489 14 the the DT 31627 489 15 Society Society NNP 31627 489 16 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 489 17 , , , 31627 489 18 rising rise VBG 31627 489 19 to to IN 31627 489 20 a a DT 31627 489 21 height height NN 31627 489 22 probably probably RB 31627 489 23 not not RB 31627 489 24 inferior inferior JJ 31627 489 25 to to IN 31627 489 26 that that DT 31627 489 27 of of IN 31627 489 28 Etna Etna NNP 31627 489 29 , , , 31627 489 30 with with IN 31627 489 31 extremely extremely RB 31627 489 32 steep steep JJ 31627 489 33 sides side NNS 31627 489 34 , , , 31627 489 35 and and CC 31627 489 36 holding hold VBG 31627 489 37 a a DT 31627 489 38 lake lake NN 31627 489 39 on on IN 31627 489 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 489 41 summit summit NN 31627 489 42 . . . 31627 490 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 490 2 5 5 LS 31627 490 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 490 4 The the DT 31627 490 5 linear linear JJ 31627 490 6 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 490 7 of of IN 31627 490 8 some some DT 31627 490 9 of of IN 31627 490 10 the the DT 31627 490 11 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 490 12 islands island NNS 31627 490 13 of of IN 31627 490 14 the the DT 31627 490 15 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 490 16 is be VBZ 31627 490 17 illustrated illustrate VBN 31627 490 18 by by IN 31627 490 19 those those DT 31627 490 20 of of IN 31627 490 21 the the DT 31627 490 22 Tonga Tonga NNP 31627 490 23 , , , 31627 490 24 or or CC 31627 490 25 Friendly Friendly NNP 31627 490 26 , , , 31627 490 27 Group Group NNP 31627 490 28 , , , 31627 490 29 lying lie VBG 31627 490 30 to to IN 31627 490 31 the the DT 31627 490 32 north north NN 31627 490 33 of of IN 31627 490 34 New New NNP 31627 490 35 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 490 36 . . . 31627 491 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 491 2 consist consist VBP 31627 491 3 of of IN 31627 491 4 three three CD 31627 491 5 divisions--(1 divisions--(1 NNS 31627 491 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 491 7 the the DT 31627 491 8 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 491 9 ; ; , 31627 491 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 491 11 2 2 LS 31627 491 12 ) ) -RRB- 31627 491 13 those those DT 31627 491 14 formed form VBN 31627 491 15 of of IN 31627 491 16 stratified stratified JJ 31627 491 17 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 491 18 tuff tuff NN 31627 491 19 , , , 31627 491 20 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 491 21 entirely entirely RB 31627 491 22 or or CC 31627 491 23 partially partially RB 31627 491 24 covered cover VBN 31627 491 25 by by IN 31627 491 26 coralline coralline NNP 31627 491 27 limestone limestone NN 31627 491 28 ; ; : 31627 491 29 and and CC 31627 491 30 ( ( -LRB- 31627 491 31 3 3 LS 31627 491 32 ) ) -RRB- 31627 491 33 those those DT 31627 491 34 which which WDT 31627 491 35 are be VBP 31627 491 36 purely purely RB 31627 491 37 coralline coralline JJ 31627 491 38 . . . 31627 492 1 The the DT 31627 492 2 first first JJ 31627 492 3 form form NN 31627 492 4 a a DT 31627 492 5 chain chain NN 31627 492 6 of of IN 31627 492 7 lofty lofty JJ 31627 492 8 cones cone NNS 31627 492 9 and and CC 31627 492 10 craters crater NNS 31627 492 11 , , , 31627 492 12 lying lie VBG 31627 492 13 in in IN 31627 492 14 a a DT 31627 492 15 E.N.E. E.N.E. NNP 31627 493 1 and and CC 31627 493 2 W.S.W. W.S.W. NNP 31627 494 1 direction direction NN 31627 494 2 , , , 31627 494 3 and and CC 31627 494 4 rising rise VBG 31627 494 5 from from IN 31627 494 6 depths depth NNS 31627 494 7 of of IN 31627 494 8 over over IN 31627 494 9 1000 1000 CD 31627 494 10 fathoms fathom NNS 31627 494 11 . . . 31627 495 1 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 495 2 J. J. NNP 31627 495 3 J. J. NNP 31627 495 4 Lister Lister NNP 31627 495 5 , , , 31627 495 6 who who WP 31627 495 7 has have VBZ 31627 495 8 described describe VBN 31627 495 9 the the DT 31627 495 10 physical physical JJ 31627 495 11 characters character NNS 31627 495 12 of of IN 31627 495 13 these these DT 31627 495 14 islands island NNS 31627 495 15 , , , 31627 495 16 has have VBZ 31627 495 17 shown show VBN 31627 495 18 very very RB 31627 495 19 clearly clearly RB 31627 495 20 that that IN 31627 495 21 they -PRON- PRP 31627 495 22 lie lie VBP 31627 495 23 along along IN 31627 495 24 a a DT 31627 495 25 line line NN 31627 495 26 -- -- : 31627 495 27 probably probably RB 31627 495 28 that that DT 31627 495 29 of of IN 31627 495 30 a a DT 31627 495 31 great great JJ 31627 495 32 fissure fissure NN 31627 495 33 -- -- : 31627 495 34 stretching stretch VBG 31627 495 35 from from IN 31627 495 36 the the DT 31627 495 37 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 495 38 island island NN 31627 495 39 of of IN 31627 495 40 Amargura Amargura NNP 31627 495 41 on on IN 31627 495 42 the the DT 31627 495 43 north north NN 31627 495 44 ( ( -LRB- 31627 495 45 lat lat NN 31627 495 46 . . . 31627 496 1 18 18 CD 31627 496 2 ° ° , 31627 496 3 S. S. NNP 31627 496 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 496 5 , , , 31627 496 6 through through IN 31627 496 7 Lette Lette NNP 31627 496 8 , , , 31627 496 9 Metis Metis NNP 31627 496 10 , , , 31627 496 11 Kao Kao NNP 31627 496 12 ( ( -LRB- 31627 496 13 3030 3030 CD 31627 496 14 feet foot NNS 31627 496 15 ) ) -RRB- 31627 496 16 , , , 31627 496 17 Tofua Tofua NNP 31627 496 18 , , , 31627 496 19 Falcon Falcon NNP 31627 496 20 , , , 31627 496 21 Honga Honga NNP 31627 496 22 Tonga Tonga NNP 31627 496 23 , , , 31627 496 24 and and CC 31627 496 25 the the DT 31627 496 26 Kermadec Kermadec NNP 31627 496 27 Group Group NNP 31627 496 28 into into IN 31627 496 29 the the DT 31627 496 30 New New NNP 31627 496 31 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 496 32 chain chain NN 31627 496 33 on on IN 31627 496 34 the the DT 31627 496 35 south south NN 31627 496 36 . . . 31627 497 1 Some some DT 31627 497 2 of of IN 31627 497 3 these these DT 31627 497 4 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 497 5 are be VBP 31627 497 6 in in IN 31627 497 7 a a DT 31627 497 8 state state NN 31627 497 9 of of IN 31627 497 10 intermittent intermittent JJ 31627 497 11 activity activity NN 31627 497 12 , , , 31627 497 13 as as IN 31627 497 14 in in IN 31627 497 15 the the DT 31627 497 16 case case NN 31627 497 17 of of IN 31627 497 18 Tofua Tofua NNP 31627 497 19 ( ( -LRB- 31627 497 20 lat lat NNP 31627 497 21 . . . 31627 498 1 20 20 CD 31627 498 2 ° ° , 31627 498 3 30 30 CD 31627 498 4 ' ' '' 31627 498 5 S. S. NNP 31627 498 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 498 7 , , , 31627 498 8 Metis Metis NNP 31627 498 9 Island Island NNP 31627 498 10 , , , 31627 498 11 and and CC 31627 498 12 Amargura Amargura NNP 31627 498 13 ; ; : 31627 498 14 the the DT 31627 498 15 others other NNS 31627 498 16 are be VBP 31627 498 17 dormant dormant JJ 31627 498 18 or or CC 31627 498 19 extinct extinct JJ 31627 498 20 . . . 31627 499 1 The the DT 31627 499 2 whole whole JJ 31627 499 3 group group NN 31627 499 4 appears appear VBZ 31627 499 5 to to TO 31627 499 6 have have VB 31627 499 7 been be VBN 31627 499 8 elevated elevate VBN 31627 499 9 at at IN 31627 499 10 a a DT 31627 499 11 recent recent JJ 31627 499 12 period period NN 31627 499 13 , , , 31627 499 14 as as IN 31627 499 15 some some DT 31627 499 16 of of IN 31627 499 17 the the DT 31627 499 18 beds bed NNS 31627 499 19 of of IN 31627 499 20 coral coral NN 31627 499 21 have have VBP 31627 499 22 been be VBN 31627 499 23 raised raise VBN 31627 499 24 1272 1272 CD 31627 499 25 feet foot NNS 31627 499 26 and and CC 31627 499 27 upward upward RB 31627 499 28 above above IN 31627 499 29 the the DT 31627 499 30 sea sea NN 31627 499 31 - - HYPH 31627 499 32 level level NN 31627 499 33 , , , 31627 499 34 as as IN 31627 499 35 in in IN 31627 499 36 the the DT 31627 499 37 case case NN 31627 499 38 of of IN 31627 499 39 Eua Eua NNP 31627 499 40 Island Island NNP 31627 499 41 . . . 31627 500 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 500 2 6 6 CD 31627 500 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 500 4 The the DT 31627 500 5 greater great JJR 31627 500 6 number number NN 31627 500 7 of of IN 31627 500 8 the the DT 31627 500 9 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 500 10 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 500 11 appear appear VBP 31627 500 12 to to TO 31627 500 13 be be VB 31627 500 14 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 500 15 ; ; : 31627 500 16 such such JJ 31627 500 17 as as IN 31627 500 18 those those DT 31627 500 19 of of IN 31627 500 20 the the DT 31627 500 21 Hawaiian Hawaiian NNP 31627 500 22 Group Group NNP 31627 500 23 , , , 31627 500 24 which which WDT 31627 500 25 have have VBP 31627 500 26 been be VBN 31627 500 27 so so RB 31627 500 28 fully fully RB 31627 500 29 described describe VBN 31627 500 30 by by IN 31627 500 31 Professor Professor NNP 31627 500 32 J. J. NNP 31627 500 33 D. D. NNP 31627 501 1 Dana Dana NNP 31627 501 2 . . . 31627 502 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 502 2 7 7 CD 31627 502 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 502 4 Here here RB 31627 502 5 fifteen fifteen CD 31627 502 6 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 502 7 of of IN 31627 502 8 the the DT 31627 502 9 first first JJ 31627 502 10 class class NN 31627 502 11 have have VBP 31627 502 12 been be VBN 31627 502 13 in in IN 31627 502 14 brilliant brilliant JJ 31627 502 15 action action NN 31627 502 16 ; ; : 31627 502 17 all all DT 31627 502 18 of of IN 31627 502 19 which which WDT 31627 502 20 , , , 31627 502 21 except except IN 31627 502 22 three three CD 31627 502 23 , , , 31627 502 24 are be VBP 31627 502 25 now now RB 31627 502 26 extinct extinct VBN 31627 502 27 , , , 31627 502 28 and and CC 31627 502 29 these these DT 31627 502 30 are be VBP 31627 502 31 in in IN 31627 502 32 Hawaii Hawaii NNP 31627 502 33 the the DT 31627 502 34 largest large JJS 31627 502 35 and and CC 31627 502 36 most most RBS 31627 502 37 eastern eastern JJ 31627 502 38 of of IN 31627 502 39 the the DT 31627 502 40 group group NN 31627 502 41 . . . 31627 503 1 This this DT 31627 503 2 island island NN 31627 503 3 contains contain VBZ 31627 503 4 five five CD 31627 503 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 503 6 mountains mountain NNS 31627 503 7 , , , 31627 503 8 of of IN 31627 503 9 which which WDT 31627 503 10 Kea Kea NNP 31627 503 11 , , , 31627 503 12 13,805 13,805 CD 31627 503 13 feet foot NNS 31627 503 14 , , , 31627 503 15 is be VBZ 31627 503 16 the the DT 31627 503 17 highest high JJS 31627 503 18 ; ; : 31627 503 19 next next RB 31627 503 20 to to IN 31627 503 21 that that DT 31627 503 22 , , , 31627 503 23 Loa Loa NNP 31627 503 24 , , , 31627 503 25 13,675 13,675 CD 31627 503 26 feet foot NNS 31627 503 27 ; ; : 31627 503 28 after after IN 31627 503 29 these these DT 31627 503 30 , , , 31627 503 31 Hualalai Hualalai NNP 31627 503 32 , , , 31627 503 33 rising rise VBG 31627 503 34 8273 8273 CD 31627 503 35 feet foot NNS 31627 503 36 ; ; : 31627 503 37 Kilauea Kilauea NNP 31627 503 38 , , , 31627 503 39 4158 4158 CD 31627 503 40 feet foot NNS 31627 503 41 ; ; : 31627 503 42 and and CC 31627 503 43 Kohala Kohala NNP 31627 503 44 , , , 31627 503 45 5505 5505 CD 31627 503 46 feet foot NNS 31627 503 47 above above IN 31627 503 48 the the DT 31627 503 49 sea sea NN 31627 503 50 ; ; : 31627 503 51 this this DT 31627 503 52 last last NN 31627 503 53 is be VBZ 31627 503 54 largely largely RB 31627 503 55 buried bury VBN 31627 503 56 beneath beneath IN 31627 503 57 the the DT 31627 503 58 lavas lavas NN 31627 503 59 of of IN 31627 503 60 Mauna Mauna NNP 31627 503 61 Kea Kea NNP 31627 503 62 . . . 31627 504 1 The the DT 31627 504 2 group group NN 31627 504 3 contains contain VBZ 31627 504 4 a a DT 31627 504 5 double double JJ 31627 504 6 line line NN 31627 504 7 of of IN 31627 504 8 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 504 9 , , , 31627 504 10 one one NN 31627 504 11 lying lie VBG 31627 504 12 to to IN 31627 504 13 the the DT 31627 504 14 north north NN 31627 504 15 and and CC 31627 504 16 west west NN 31627 504 17 of of IN 31627 504 18 the the DT 31627 504 19 other other JJ 31627 504 20 ; ; : 31627 504 21 and and CC 31627 504 22 as as IN 31627 504 23 the the DT 31627 504 24 highest high JJS 31627 504 25 of of IN 31627 504 26 the the DT 31627 504 27 Hawaiian Hawaiian NNP 31627 504 28 Group Group NNP 31627 504 29 rises rise VBZ 31627 504 30 from from IN 31627 504 31 a a DT 31627 504 32 depth depth NN 31627 504 33 in in IN 31627 504 34 the the DT 31627 504 35 ocean ocean NN 31627 504 36 of of IN 31627 504 37 over over IN 31627 504 38 2000 2000 CD 31627 504 39 fathoms fathom NNS 31627 504 40 , , , 31627 504 41 the the DT 31627 504 42 total total JJ 31627 504 43 elevation elevation NN 31627 504 44 of of IN 31627 504 45 this this DT 31627 504 46 mountain mountain NN 31627 504 47 from from IN 31627 504 48 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 504 49 base base NN 31627 504 50 on on IN 31627 504 51 the the DT 31627 504 52 bed bed NN 31627 504 53 of of IN 31627 504 54 the the DT 31627 504 55 ocean ocean NN 31627 504 56 is be VBZ 31627 504 57 not not RB 31627 504 58 far far RB 31627 504 59 from from IN 31627 504 60 26,000 26,000 CD 31627 504 61 feet foot NNS 31627 504 62 , , , 31627 504 63 an an DT 31627 504 64 elevation elevation NN 31627 504 65 about about IN 31627 504 66 that that DT 31627 504 67 of of IN 31627 504 68 the the DT 31627 504 69 Himalayas Himalayas NNP 31627 504 70 . . . 31627 505 1 Mauna Mauna NNP 31627 505 2 Kea Kea NNP 31627 505 3 has have VBZ 31627 505 4 long long RB 31627 505 5 been be VBN 31627 505 6 extinct extinct VBN 31627 505 7 , , , 31627 505 8 Hualalai Hualalai NNP 31627 505 9 has have VBZ 31627 505 10 been be VBN 31627 505 11 dormant dormant JJ 31627 505 12 since since IN 31627 505 13 1801 1801 CD 31627 505 14 ; ; : 31627 505 15 but but CC 31627 505 16 Mauna Mauna NNP 31627 505 17 Loa Loa NNP 31627 505 18 is be VBZ 31627 505 19 terribly terribly RB 31627 505 20 active active JJ 31627 505 21 , , , 31627 505 22 there there EX 31627 505 23 having have VBG 31627 505 24 been be VBN 31627 505 25 several several JJ 31627 505 26 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 505 27 , , , 31627 505 28 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 505 29 by by IN 31627 505 30 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 505 31 , , , 31627 505 32 within within IN 31627 505 33 recent recent JJ 31627 505 34 years year NNS 31627 505 35 , , , 31627 505 36 the the DT 31627 505 37 most most RBS 31627 505 38 memorable memorable JJ 31627 505 39 being be VBG 31627 505 40 those those DT 31627 505 41 of of IN 31627 505 42 1852 1852 CD 31627 505 43 and and CC 31627 505 44 1868 1868 CD 31627 505 45 . . . 31627 506 1 In in IN 31627 506 2 the the DT 31627 506 3 former former JJ 31627 506 4 case case NN 31627 506 5 the the DT 31627 506 6 lava lava NN 31627 506 7 rose rise VBD 31627 506 8 from from IN 31627 506 9 the the DT 31627 506 10 deep deep JJ 31627 506 11 crater crater NN 31627 506 12 into into IN 31627 506 13 " " `` 31627 506 14 a a DT 31627 506 15 lofty lofty JJ 31627 506 16 mountain mountain NN 31627 506 17 , , , 31627 506 18 " " '' 31627 506 19 as as IN 31627 506 20 described describe VBN 31627 506 21 by by IN 31627 506 22 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 506 23 Coan,[8 Coan,[8 NNP 31627 506 24 ] ] -RRB- 31627 506 25 and and CC 31627 506 26 then then RB 31627 506 27 flowed flow VBD 31627 506 28 away away RB 31627 506 29 eastward eastward RB 31627 506 30 for for IN 31627 506 31 a a DT 31627 506 32 distance distance NN 31627 506 33 of of IN 31627 506 34 twenty twenty CD 31627 506 35 miles mile NNS 31627 506 36 . . . 31627 507 1 The the DT 31627 507 2 interior interior NN 31627 507 3 of of IN 31627 507 4 the the DT 31627 507 5 crater crater NN 31627 507 6 consists consist VBZ 31627 507 7 of of IN 31627 507 8 a a DT 31627 507 9 vast vast JJ 31627 507 10 caldron caldron NN 31627 507 11 , , , 31627 507 12 surrounded surround VBN 31627 507 13 by by IN 31627 507 14 a a DT 31627 507 15 precipice precipice NN 31627 507 16 200 200 CD 31627 507 17 to to TO 31627 507 18 400 400 CD 31627 507 19 feet foot NNS 31627 507 20 in in IN 31627 507 21 depth depth NN 31627 507 22 , , , 31627 507 23 with with IN 31627 507 24 a a DT 31627 507 25 circumference circumference NN 31627 507 26 of of IN 31627 507 27 about about RB 31627 507 28 fifteen fifteen CD 31627 507 29 miles mile NNS 31627 507 30 , , , 31627 507 31 and and CC 31627 507 32 containing contain VBG 31627 507 33 within within IN 31627 507 34 it -PRON- PRP 31627 507 35 a a DT 31627 507 36 second second JJ 31627 507 37 crater crater NN 31627 507 38 , , , 31627 507 39 bounded bound VBN 31627 507 40 by by IN 31627 507 41 a a DT 31627 507 42 black black JJ 31627 507 43 ledge ledge NN 31627 507 44 with with IN 31627 507 45 a a DT 31627 507 46 steep steep JJ 31627 507 47 wall wall NN 31627 507 48 of of IN 31627 507 49 basalt basalt NN 31627 507 50 -- -- : 31627 507 51 a a DT 31627 507 52 crater crater NN 31627 507 53 within within IN 31627 507 54 a a DT 31627 507 55 crater crater NN 31627 507 56 ; ; , 31627 507 57 and and CC 31627 507 58 from from IN 31627 507 59 the the DT 31627 507 60 floor floor NN 31627 507 61 of of IN 31627 507 62 the the DT 31627 507 63 inner inner JJ 31627 507 64 crater crater NN 31627 507 65 , , , 31627 507 66 formed form VBN 31627 507 67 of of IN 31627 507 68 molten molten JJ 31627 507 69 basalt basalt NN 31627 507 70 , , , 31627 507 71 in in IN 31627 507 72 a a DT 31627 507 73 seething seething JJ 31627 507 74 and and CC 31627 507 75 boiling boil VBG 31627 507 76 state state NN 31627 507 77 , , , 31627 507 78 arise arise VB 31627 507 79 a a DT 31627 507 80 large large JJ 31627 507 81 number number NN 31627 507 82 of of IN 31627 507 83 small small JJ 31627 507 84 cones cone NNS 31627 507 85 and and CC 31627 507 86 pyramids pyramid NNS 31627 507 87 of of IN 31627 507 88 lava lava NN 31627 507 89 , , , 31627 507 90 some some DT 31627 507 91 emitting emit VBG 31627 507 92 columns column NNS 31627 507 93 of of IN 31627 507 94 grey grey NNP 31627 507 95 smoke smoke NN 31627 507 96 , , , 31627 507 97 others other NNS 31627 507 98 brilliant brilliant JJ 31627 507 99 flames flame NNS 31627 507 100 and and CC 31627 507 101 streams stream NNS 31627 507 102 of of IN 31627 507 103 molten molten JJ 31627 507 104 lava lava NN 31627 507 105 , , , 31627 507 106 presenting present VBG 31627 507 107 a a DT 31627 507 108 wonderful wonderful JJ 31627 507 109 spectacle spectacle NN 31627 507 110 , , , 31627 507 111 the the DT 31627 507 112 effect effect NN 31627 507 113 of of IN 31627 507 114 which which WDT 31627 507 115 is be VBZ 31627 507 116 heightened heighten VBN 31627 507 117 by by IN 31627 507 118 the the DT 31627 507 119 constant constant JJ 31627 507 120 roaring roaring NN 31627 507 121 of of IN 31627 507 122 the the DT 31627 507 123 vast vast JJ 31627 507 124 furnaces furnace NNS 31627 507 125 below below RB 31627 507 126 . . . 31627 508 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 508 2 9 9 CD 31627 508 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 508 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 508 5 1 1 CD 31627 508 6 ] ] -RRB- 31627 508 7 _ _ NNP 31627 508 8 Principles Principles NNPS 31627 508 9 of of IN 31627 508 10 Geology Geology NNP 31627 508 11 _ _ NNP 31627 508 12 , , , 31627 508 13 11th 11th JJ 31627 508 14 edition edition NN 31627 508 15 , , , 31627 508 16 vol vol NNP 31627 508 17 . . . 31627 509 1 ii ii LS 31627 509 2 . . . 31627 510 1 p. p. NN 31627 510 2 48 48 CD 31627 510 3 . . . 31627 511 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 511 2 2 2 LS 31627 511 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 511 4 Smyth Smyth NNP 31627 511 5 , , , 31627 511 6 _ _ NNP 31627 511 7 Report Report NNP 31627 511 8 on on IN 31627 511 9 the the DT 31627 511 10 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 31627 511 11 Astronomical Astronomical NNP 31627 511 12 Experiment Experiment NNP 31627 511 13 of of IN 31627 511 14 1856 1856 CD 31627 511 15 _ _ NNP 31627 511 16 . . . 31627 512 1 Humboldt Humboldt NNP 31627 512 2 makes make VBZ 31627 512 3 the the DT 31627 512 4 elevation elevation NN 31627 512 5 12,090 12,090 CD 31627 512 6 feet foot NNS 31627 512 7 . . . 31627 513 1 A a DT 31627 513 2 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 513 3 model model NN 31627 513 4 of of IN 31627 513 5 the the DT 31627 513 6 Peak Peak NNP 31627 513 7 was be VBD 31627 513 8 constructed construct VBN 31627 513 9 by by IN 31627 513 10 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 513 11 J. J. NNP 31627 513 12 Nasmyth Nasmyth NNP 31627 513 13 from from IN 31627 513 14 Piazzi Piazzi NNP 31627 513 15 Smyth Smyth NNP 31627 513 16 's 's POS 31627 513 17 plans plan NNS 31627 513 18 , , , 31627 513 19 of of IN 31627 513 20 which which WDT 31627 513 21 photographs photograph NNS 31627 513 22 are be VBP 31627 513 23 given give VBN 31627 513 24 by by IN 31627 513 25 the the DT 31627 513 26 latter latter JJ 31627 513 27 . . . 31627 514 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 514 2 3 3 LS 31627 514 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 514 4 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 514 5 , , , 31627 514 6 _ _ NNP 31627 514 7 loc loc NN 31627 514 8 . . . 31627 515 1 cit cit NNP 31627 515 2 . . . 31627 515 3 _ _ NNP 31627 515 4 , , , 31627 515 5 p. p. NN 31627 515 6 460 460 CD 31627 515 7 . . . 31627 516 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 516 2 4 4 CD 31627 516 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 516 4 _ _ NNP 31627 516 5 Iles Iles NNP 31627 516 6 Canaries Canaries NNP 31627 516 7 _ _ NNP 31627 516 8 , , , 31627 516 9 p. p. NN 31627 516 10 37 37 CD 31627 516 11 . . . 31627 517 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 517 2 5 5 CD 31627 517 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 517 4 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 517 5 , , , 31627 517 6 _ _ NNP 31627 517 7 loc loc NN 31627 517 8 . . . 31627 518 1 cit cit NNP 31627 518 2 . . . 31627 518 3 _ _ NNP 31627 518 4 , , , 31627 518 5 p. p. NN 31627 518 6 426 426 CD 31627 518 7 . . . 31627 519 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 519 2 6 6 CD 31627 519 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 519 4 Lister Lister NNP 31627 519 5 , , , 31627 519 6 " " '' 31627 519 7 Notes note NNS 31627 519 8 on on IN 31627 519 9 the the DT 31627 519 10 Geology Geology NNP 31627 519 11 of of IN 31627 519 12 the the DT 31627 519 13 Tonga Tonga NNP 31627 519 14 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 519 15 , , , 31627 519 16 " " '' 31627 519 17 _ _ NNP 31627 519 18 Quart Quart NNP 31627 519 19 . . . 31627 520 1 Jour Jour NNP 31627 520 2 . . . 31627 521 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 521 2 . . . 31627 522 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 522 2 . . . 31627 522 3 _ _ NNP 31627 522 4 , , , 31627 522 5 No no UH 31627 522 6 . . . 31627 523 1 188 188 CD 31627 523 2 , , , 31627 523 3 p. p. NN 31627 523 4 590 590 CD 31627 523 5 ( ( -LRB- 31627 523 6 1891 1891 CD 31627 523 7 ) ) -RRB- 31627 523 8 . . . 31627 524 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 524 2 7 7 CD 31627 524 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 524 4 Dana Dana NNP 31627 524 5 , , , 31627 524 6 _ _ NNP 31627 524 7 Characteristics Characteristics NNP 31627 524 8 of of IN 31627 524 9 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 524 10 , , , 31627 524 11 with with IN 31627 524 12 Contributions Contributions NNP 31627 524 13 of of IN 31627 524 14 Facts Facts NNPS 31627 524 15 and and CC 31627 524 16 Principles Principles NNPS 31627 524 17 from from IN 31627 524 18 the the DT 31627 524 19 Hawaiian Hawaiian NNP 31627 524 20 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 524 21 _ _ NNP 31627 524 22 . . . 31627 525 1 London London NNP 31627 525 2 , , , 31627 525 3 1890.--Also 1890.--also CD 31627 525 4 , , , 31627 525 5 _ _ NNP 31627 525 6 Geology Geology NNP 31627 525 7 of of IN 31627 525 8 the the DT 31627 525 9 American American NNP 31627 525 10 Exploring Exploring NNP 31627 525 11 Expedition Expedition NNP 31627 525 12 -- -- : 31627 525 13 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 525 14 of of IN 31627 525 15 the the DT 31627 525 16 Sandwich Sandwich NNP 31627 525 17 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 525 18 _ _ NNP 31627 525 19 . . . 31627 526 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 526 2 8 8 CD 31627 526 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 526 4 Coan Coan NNP 31627 526 5 , , , 31627 526 6 _ _ NNP 31627 526 7 Amer Amer NNP 31627 526 8 . . . 31627 527 1 Jour Jour NNP 31627 527 2 . . . 31627 528 1 of of IN 31627 528 2 Science Science NNP 31627 528 3 _ _ NNP 31627 528 4 , , , 31627 528 5 1853 1853 CD 31627 528 6 . . . 31627 529 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 529 2 9 9 CD 31627 529 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 529 4 W. W. NNP 31627 529 5 Ellis Ellis NNP 31627 529 6 , , , 31627 529 7 the the DT 31627 529 8 missionary missionary NN 31627 529 9 , , , 31627 529 10 has have VBZ 31627 529 11 given give VBN 31627 529 12 a a DT 31627 529 13 vivid vivid JJ 31627 529 14 description description NN 31627 529 15 of of IN 31627 529 16 this this DT 31627 529 17 volcano volcano NN 31627 529 18 in in IN 31627 529 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 529 20 _ _ NNP 31627 529 21 Tour Tour NNP 31627 529 22 of of IN 31627 529 23 Hawaii Hawaii NNP 31627 529 24 _ _ NNP 31627 529 25 . . . 31627 530 1 London London NNP 31627 530 2 , , , 31627 530 3 1826.--Plans 1826.--plan NNS 31627 530 4 of of IN 31627 530 5 the the DT 31627 530 6 crater crater NN 31627 530 7 will will MD 31627 530 8 be be VB 31627 530 9 found find VBN 31627 530 10 in in IN 31627 530 11 Professor Professor NNP 31627 530 12 Dana Dana NNP 31627 530 13 's 's POS 31627 530 14 work work NN 31627 530 15 above above RB 31627 530 16 quoted quote VBD 31627 530 17 . . . 31627 531 1 PART PART NNP 31627 531 2 II ii CD 31627 531 3 . . . 31627 532 1 EUROPEAN EUROPEAN NNP 31627 532 2 VOLCANOES VOLCANOES NNP 31627 532 3 . . . 31627 533 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 533 2 I. I. NNP 31627 533 3 VESUVIUS VESUVIUS NNP 31627 533 4 . . . 31627 534 1 Having have VBG 31627 534 2 now now RB 31627 534 3 dealt deal VBN 31627 534 4 in in IN 31627 534 5 a a DT 31627 534 6 necessarily necessarily RB 31627 534 7 cursory cursory JJ 31627 534 8 manner manner NN 31627 534 9 with with IN 31627 534 10 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 534 11 of of IN 31627 534 12 distant distant JJ 31627 534 13 parts part NNS 31627 534 14 of of IN 31627 534 15 the the DT 31627 534 16 globe globe NN 31627 534 17 , , , 31627 534 18 we -PRON- PRP 31627 534 19 may may MD 31627 534 20 proceed proceed VB 31627 534 21 to to IN 31627 534 22 the the DT 31627 534 23 consideration consideration NN 31627 534 24 of of IN 31627 534 25 the the DT 31627 534 26 group group NN 31627 534 27 of of IN 31627 534 28 active active JJ 31627 534 29 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 534 30 which which WDT 31627 534 31 still still RB 31627 534 32 survive survive VBP 31627 534 33 in in IN 31627 534 34 Europe Europe NNP 31627 534 35 , , , 31627 534 36 as as IN 31627 534 37 they -PRON- PRP 31627 534 38 possess possess VBP 31627 534 39 a a DT 31627 534 40 special special JJ 31627 534 41 interest interest NN 31627 534 42 , , , 31627 534 43 not not RB 31627 534 44 only only RB 31627 534 45 from from IN 31627 534 46 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 534 47 proximity proximity NN 31627 534 48 and and CC 31627 534 49 facility facility NN 31627 534 50 of of IN 31627 534 51 access access NN 31627 534 52 , , , 31627 534 53 at at IN 31627 534 54 least least JJS 31627 534 55 to to IN 31627 534 56 residents resident NNS 31627 534 57 in in IN 31627 534 58 Europe Europe NNP 31627 534 59 and and CC 31627 534 60 the the DT 31627 534 61 British British NNP 31627 534 62 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 534 63 , , , 31627 534 64 but but CC 31627 534 65 from from IN 31627 534 66 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 534 67 historic historic JJ 31627 534 68 incidents incident NNS 31627 534 69 ; ; : 31627 534 70 and and CC 31627 534 71 in in IN 31627 534 72 this this DT 31627 534 73 respect respect NN 31627 534 74 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 534 75 , , , 31627 534 76 though though IN 31627 534 77 not not RB 31627 534 78 by by IN 31627 534 79 any any DT 31627 534 80 means mean NNS 31627 534 81 the the DT 31627 534 82 largest large JJS 31627 534 83 of of IN 31627 534 84 the the DT 31627 534 85 group group NN 31627 534 86 , , , 31627 534 87 stands stand VBZ 31627 534 88 the the DT 31627 534 89 first first JJ 31627 534 90 , , , 31627 534 91 and and CC 31627 534 92 demands demand VBZ 31627 534 93 more more RBR 31627 534 94 special special JJ 31627 534 95 notice notice NN 31627 534 96 . . . 31627 535 1 The the DT 31627 535 2 whole whole JJ 31627 535 3 group group NN 31627 535 4 rises rise VBZ 31627 535 5 from from IN 31627 535 6 the the DT 31627 535 7 shores shore NNS 31627 535 8 of of IN 31627 535 9 the the DT 31627 535 10 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 535 11 , , , 31627 535 12 and and CC 31627 535 13 consists consist VBZ 31627 535 14 of of IN 31627 535 15 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 535 16 , , , 31627 535 17 Etna Etna NNP 31627 535 18 , , , 31627 535 19 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 535 20 , , , 31627 535 21 one one CD 31627 535 22 of of IN 31627 535 23 the the DT 31627 535 24 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 535 25 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 535 26 , , , 31627 535 27 and and CC 31627 535 28 Vulcano Vulcano NNP 31627 535 29 , , , 31627 535 30 a a DT 31627 535 31 mountain mountain NN 31627 535 32 which which WDT 31627 535 33 has have VBZ 31627 535 34 given give VBN 31627 535 35 the the DT 31627 535 36 name name NN 31627 535 37 to to IN 31627 535 38 all all DT 31627 535 39 mountains mountain NNS 31627 535 40 of of IN 31627 535 41 similar similar JJ 31627 535 42 origin origin NN 31627 535 43 with with IN 31627 535 44 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 535 45 . . . 31627 536 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 536 2 1 1 LS 31627 536 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 536 4 Along along IN 31627 536 5 with with IN 31627 536 6 these these DT 31627 536 7 are be VBP 31627 536 8 innumerable innumerable JJ 31627 536 9 cones cone NNS 31627 536 10 and and CC 31627 536 11 craters crater NNS 31627 536 12 of of IN 31627 536 13 extinct extinct JJ 31627 536 14 or or CC 31627 536 15 dormant dormant JJ 31627 536 16 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 536 17 , , , 31627 536 18 of of IN 31627 536 19 which which WDT 31627 536 20 a a DT 31627 536 21 large large JJ 31627 536 22 number number NN 31627 536 23 have have VBP 31627 536 24 been be VBN 31627 536 25 thrown throw VBN 31627 536 26 out out RP 31627 536 27 on on IN 31627 536 28 the the DT 31627 536 29 flanks flank NNS 31627 536 30 of of IN 31627 536 31 Etna Etna NNP 31627 536 32 . . . 31627 537 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 537 2 _ _ NNP 31627 537 3 a. a. NN 31627 537 4 _ _ NNP 31627 537 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 537 6 _ _ NNP 31627 537 7 Prehistoric Prehistoric NNP 31627 537 8 Ideas Ideas NNP 31627 537 9 regarding regard VBG 31627 537 10 the the DT 31627 537 11 Nature Nature NNP 31627 537 12 of of IN 31627 537 13 this this DT 31627 537 14 Mountain._--Down Mountain._--Down NNP 31627 537 15 to to IN 31627 537 16 the the DT 31627 537 17 commencement commencement NN 31627 537 18 of of IN 31627 537 19 the the DT 31627 537 20 Christian christian JJ 31627 537 21 era era NN 31627 537 22 this this DT 31627 537 23 mountain mountain NN 31627 537 24 had have VBD 31627 537 25 given give VBN 31627 537 26 no no DT 31627 537 27 ostensible ostensible JJ 31627 537 28 indication indication NN 31627 537 29 that that IN 31627 537 30 it -PRON- PRP 31627 537 31 contained contain VBD 31627 537 32 within within IN 31627 537 33 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 537 34 a a DT 31627 537 35 powerful powerful JJ 31627 537 36 focus focus NN 31627 537 37 of of IN 31627 537 38 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 537 39 energy energy NN 31627 537 40 . . . 31627 538 1 True true JJ 31627 538 2 , , , 31627 538 3 that that IN 31627 538 4 some some DT 31627 538 5 vague vague JJ 31627 538 6 tradition tradition NN 31627 538 7 that that WDT 31627 538 8 the the DT 31627 538 9 mountain mountain NN 31627 538 10 once once RB 31627 538 11 gave give VBD 31627 538 12 forth forth RP 31627 538 13 fire fire NN 31627 538 14 hovered hover VBD 31627 538 15 around around IN 31627 538 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 538 17 borders border NNS 31627 538 18 ; ; : 31627 538 19 and and CC 31627 538 20 several several JJ 31627 538 21 ancient ancient JJ 31627 538 22 writers writer NNS 31627 538 23 , , , 31627 538 24 amongst amongst IN 31627 538 25 them -PRON- PRP 31627 538 26 Diodorus Diodorus NNP 31627 538 27 Siculus Siculus NNP 31627 538 28 and and CC 31627 538 29 Strabo Strabo NNP 31627 538 30 , , , 31627 538 31 inferred infer VBD 31627 538 32 from from IN 31627 538 33 the the DT 31627 538 34 appearances appearance NNS 31627 538 35 of of IN 31627 538 36 the the DT 31627 538 37 higher high JJR 31627 538 38 parts part NNS 31627 538 39 of of IN 31627 538 40 the the DT 31627 538 41 mountain mountain NN 31627 538 42 and and CC 31627 538 43 the the DT 31627 538 44 character character NN 31627 538 45 of of IN 31627 538 46 the the DT 31627 538 47 rocks rock NNS 31627 538 48 , , , 31627 538 49 which which WDT 31627 538 50 were be VBD 31627 538 51 " " `` 31627 538 52 cindery cindery NN 31627 538 53 and and CC 31627 538 54 as as IN 31627 538 55 if if IN 31627 538 56 eaten eat VBN 31627 538 57 by by IN 31627 538 58 fire fire NN 31627 538 59 , , , 31627 538 60 " " '' 31627 538 61 that that IN 31627 538 62 the the DT 31627 538 63 country country NN 31627 538 64 was be VBD 31627 538 65 once once RB 31627 538 66 in in IN 31627 538 67 a a DT 31627 538 68 burning burn VBG 31627 538 69 state state NN 31627 538 70 , , , 31627 538 71 " " '' 31627 538 72 being be VBG 31627 538 73 full full JJ 31627 538 74 of of IN 31627 538 75 fiery fiery JJ 31627 538 76 abysses abyss NNS 31627 538 77 , , , 31627 538 78 though though IN 31627 538 79 now now RB 31627 538 80 extinct extinct VBN 31627 538 81 from from IN 31627 538 82 want want NN 31627 538 83 of of IN 31627 538 84 fuel fuel NN 31627 538 85 . . . 31627 538 86 " " '' 31627 539 1 Seneca Seneca NNP 31627 539 2 ( ( -LRB- 31627 539 3 B.C. B.C. NNP 31627 540 1 1 1 CD 31627 540 2 to to IN 31627 540 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 31627 540 4 64 64 CD 31627 540 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 540 6 had have VBD 31627 540 7 detected detect VBN 31627 540 8 the the DT 31627 540 9 true true JJ 31627 540 10 character character NN 31627 540 11 of of IN 31627 540 12 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 540 13 , , , 31627 540 14 as as IN 31627 540 15 " " `` 31627 540 16 having have VBG 31627 540 17 been be VBN 31627 540 18 a a DT 31627 540 19 channel channel NN 31627 540 20 for for IN 31627 540 21 the the DT 31627 540 22 internal internal JJ 31627 540 23 fire fire NN 31627 540 24 , , , 31627 540 25 but but CC 31627 540 26 not not RB 31627 540 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 540 28 food food NN 31627 540 29 ; ; : 31627 540 30 " " '' 31627 540 31 nevertheless nevertheless RB 31627 540 32 , , , 31627 540 33 at at IN 31627 540 34 this this DT 31627 540 35 period period NN 31627 540 36 the the DT 31627 540 37 flanks flank NNS 31627 540 38 of of IN 31627 540 39 the the DT 31627 540 40 mountain mountain NN 31627 540 41 were be VBD 31627 540 42 covered cover VBN 31627 540 43 by by IN 31627 540 44 fields field NNS 31627 540 45 and and CC 31627 540 46 vineyards vineyard NNS 31627 540 47 , , , 31627 540 48 while while IN 31627 540 49 the the DT 31627 540 50 summit summit NN 31627 540 51 , , , 31627 540 52 partially partially RB 31627 540 53 enclosed enclose VBN 31627 540 54 with with IN 31627 540 55 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 540 56 walls wall NNS 31627 540 57 of of IN 31627 540 58 the the DT 31627 540 59 long long JJ 31627 540 60 extinct extinct JJ 31627 540 61 volcano volcano NN 31627 540 62 , , , 31627 540 63 Somma Somma NNP 31627 540 64 , , , 31627 540 65 was be VBD 31627 540 66 formed form VBN 31627 540 67 of of IN 31627 540 68 slaggy slaggy JJ 31627 540 69 and and CC 31627 540 70 scoriaceous scoriaceous JJ 31627 540 71 material material NN 31627 540 72 , , , 31627 540 73 with with IN 31627 540 74 probably probably RB 31627 540 75 a a DT 31627 540 76 covering covering NN 31627 540 77 of of IN 31627 540 78 scrub scrub NN 31627 540 79 . . . 31627 541 1 Here here RB 31627 541 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 541 3 was be VBD 31627 541 4 that that IN 31627 541 5 the the DT 31627 541 6 gladiator gladiator NN 31627 541 7 Spartacus Spartacus NNP 31627 541 8 ( ( -LRB- 31627 541 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 31627 542 1 72 72 CD 31627 542 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 542 3 , , , 31627 542 4 stung sting VBN 31627 542 5 by by IN 31627 542 6 the the DT 31627 542 7 intolerable intolerable JJ 31627 542 8 evils evil NNS 31627 542 9 of of IN 31627 542 10 the the DT 31627 542 11 Roman Roman NNP 31627 542 12 Government Government NNP 31627 542 13 , , , 31627 542 14 retreated retreat VBD 31627 542 15 to to IN 31627 542 16 the the DT 31627 542 17 very very JJ 31627 542 18 summit summit NN 31627 542 19 of of IN 31627 542 20 the the DT 31627 542 21 mountain mountain NN 31627 542 22 with with IN 31627 542 23 some some DT 31627 542 24 trusty trusty JJ 31627 542 25 followers follower NNS 31627 542 26 . . . 31627 543 1 Clodius Clodius NNP 31627 543 2 the the DT 31627 543 3 Prætor Prætor NNP 31627 543 4 , , , 31627 543 5 according accord VBG 31627 543 6 to to IN 31627 543 7 the the DT 31627 543 8 narration narration NN 31627 543 9 of of IN 31627 543 10 Plutarch Plutarch NNP 31627 543 11 , , , 31627 543 12 with with IN 31627 543 13 a a DT 31627 543 14 party party NN 31627 543 15 of of IN 31627 543 16 three three CD 31627 543 17 thousand thousand CD 31627 543 18 men man NNS 31627 543 19 , , , 31627 543 20 was be VBD 31627 543 21 sent send VBN 31627 543 22 against against IN 31627 543 23 them -PRON- PRP 31627 543 24 , , , 31627 543 25 and and CC 31627 543 26 besieged besiege VBD 31627 543 27 them -PRON- PRP 31627 543 28 in in IN 31627 543 29 a a DT 31627 543 30 mountain mountain NN 31627 543 31 ( ( -LRB- 31627 543 32 meaning mean VBG 31627 543 33 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 543 34 or or CC 31627 543 35 Somma Somma NNP 31627 543 36 ) ) -RRB- 31627 543 37 having have VBG 31627 543 38 but but CC 31627 543 39 one one CD 31627 543 40 narrow narrow JJ 31627 543 41 and and CC 31627 543 42 difficult difficult JJ 31627 543 43 passage passage NN 31627 543 44 , , , 31627 543 45 which which WDT 31627 543 46 Clodius Clodius NNP 31627 543 47 kept keep VBD 31627 543 48 guarded guard VBN 31627 543 49 ; ; : 31627 543 50 all all PDT 31627 543 51 the the DT 31627 543 52 rest rest NN 31627 543 53 was be VBD 31627 543 54 encompassed encompass VBN 31627 543 55 with with IN 31627 543 56 broken broken JJ 31627 543 57 and and CC 31627 543 58 slippery slippery JJ 31627 543 59 precipices precipice NNS 31627 543 60 , , , 31627 543 61 but but CC 31627 543 62 upon upon IN 31627 543 63 the the DT 31627 543 64 top top NN 31627 543 65 grew grow VBD 31627 543 66 a a DT 31627 543 67 great great JJ 31627 543 68 many many JJ 31627 543 69 wild wild JJ 31627 543 70 vines vine NNS 31627 543 71 ; ; : 31627 543 72 the the DT 31627 543 73 besieged besiege VBN 31627 543 74 cut cut VBD 31627 543 75 down down RP 31627 543 76 as as RB 31627 543 77 many many JJ 31627 543 78 as as IN 31627 543 79 they -PRON- PRP 31627 543 80 had have VBD 31627 543 81 need need NN 31627 543 82 of of IN 31627 543 83 , , , 31627 543 84 and and CC 31627 543 85 twisted twist VBD 31627 543 86 them -PRON- PRP 31627 543 87 into into IN 31627 543 88 ladders ladder NNS 31627 543 89 long long RB 31627 543 90 enough enough RB 31627 543 91 to to TO 31627 543 92 reach reach VB 31627 543 93 from from IN 31627 543 94 thence thence NN 31627 543 95 to to IN 31627 543 96 the the DT 31627 543 97 bottom bottom NN 31627 543 98 , , , 31627 543 99 by by IN 31627 543 100 which which WDT 31627 543 101 , , , 31627 543 102 without without IN 31627 543 103 any any DT 31627 543 104 danger danger NN 31627 543 105 , , , 31627 543 106 all all DT 31627 543 107 got get VBD 31627 543 108 down down RP 31627 543 109 except except IN 31627 543 110 one one CD 31627 543 111 , , , 31627 543 112 who who WP 31627 543 113 stayed stay VBD 31627 543 114 behind behind RB 31627 543 115 to to TO 31627 543 116 throw throw VB 31627 543 117 them -PRON- PRP 31627 543 118 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 543 119 arms arm NNS 31627 543 120 , , , 31627 543 121 after after IN 31627 543 122 which which WDT 31627 543 123 he -PRON- PRP 31627 543 124 saved save VBD 31627 543 125 himself -PRON- PRP 31627 543 126 with with IN 31627 543 127 the the DT 31627 543 128 rest rest NN 31627 543 129 . . . 31627 544 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 544 2 2 2 LS 31627 544 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 544 4 " " `` 31627 544 5 On on IN 31627 544 6 the the DT 31627 544 7 top top NN 31627 544 8 " " '' 31627 544 9 must must MD 31627 544 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 544 11 as as IN 31627 544 12 Professor Professor NNP 31627 544 13 Phillips Phillips NNP 31627 544 14 observes observe VBZ 31627 544 15 ) ) -RRB- 31627 544 16 be be VB 31627 544 17 interpreted interpret VBN 31627 544 18 the the DT 31627 544 19 summit summit NN 31627 544 20 of of IN 31627 544 21 the the DT 31627 544 22 exterior exterior NNP 31627 544 23 slope slope NN 31627 544 24 or or CC 31627 544 25 crater crater NN 31627 544 26 edge edge NN 31627 544 27 , , , 31627 544 28 which which WDT 31627 544 29 would would MD 31627 544 30 appear appear VB 31627 544 31 from from IN 31627 544 32 the the DT 31627 544 33 narrative narrative NN 31627 544 34 to to TO 31627 544 35 have have VB 31627 544 36 broken break VBN 31627 544 37 down down RP 31627 544 38 on on IN 31627 544 39 one one CD 31627 544 40 side side NN 31627 544 41 , , , 31627 544 42 affording afford VBG 31627 544 43 an an DT 31627 544 44 entrance entrance NN 31627 544 45 and and CC 31627 544 46 mode mode NN 31627 544 47 of of IN 31627 544 48 egress egress NN 31627 544 49 by by IN 31627 544 50 which which WDT 31627 544 51 Spartacus Spartacus NNP 31627 544 52 fell fall VBD 31627 544 53 upon upon RB 31627 544 54 , , , 31627 544 55 and and CC 31627 544 56 surprised surprised JJ 31627 544 57 , , , 31627 544 58 the the DT 31627 544 59 negligent negligent JJ 31627 544 60 Clodius Clodius NNP 31627 544 61 Glabrus Glabrus NNP 31627 544 62 . . . 31627 545 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 545 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 545 3 : : : 31627 545 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 545 5 . . . 31627 546 1 6.--Probable 6.--probable JJ 31627 546 2 aspect aspect NN 31627 546 3 of of IN 31627 546 4 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 546 5 as as IN 31627 546 6 it -PRON- PRP 31627 546 7 appeared appear VBD 31627 546 8 at at IN 31627 546 9 the the DT 31627 546 10 beginning beginning NN 31627 546 11 of of IN 31627 546 12 the the DT 31627 546 13 Christian christian JJ 31627 546 14 era era NN 31627 546 15 ; ; , 31627 546 16 seen see VBN 31627 546 17 from from IN 31627 546 18 the the DT 31627 546 19 Bay Bay NNP 31627 546 20 of of IN 31627 546 21 Naples Naples NNP 31627 546 22 . . . 31627 546 23 ] ] -RRB- 31627 547 1 In in IN 31627 547 2 fancied fancied JJ 31627 547 3 security security NN 31627 547 4 , , , 31627 547 5 villas villa NNS 31627 547 6 , , , 31627 547 7 temples temple NNS 31627 547 8 , , , 31627 547 9 and and CC 31627 547 10 cities city NNS 31627 547 11 had have VBD 31627 547 12 been be VBN 31627 547 13 erected erect VBN 31627 547 14 on on IN 31627 547 15 the the DT 31627 547 16 slopes slope NNS 31627 547 17 of of IN 31627 547 18 the the DT 31627 547 19 mountain mountain NN 31627 547 20 . . . 31627 548 1 Herculaneum Herculaneum NNP 31627 548 2 , , , 31627 548 3 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 31627 548 4 , , , 31627 548 5 and and CC 31627 548 6 Stabiæ Stabiæ NNP 31627 548 7 , , , 31627 548 8 the the DT 31627 548 9 abodes abode NNS 31627 548 10 of of IN 31627 548 11 art art NN 31627 548 12 , , , 31627 548 13 luxury luxury NN 31627 548 14 , , , 31627 548 15 and and CC 31627 548 16 vice vice NN 31627 548 17 , , , 31627 548 18 had have VBD 31627 548 19 sprung spring VBN 31627 548 20 up up RP 31627 548 21 in in IN 31627 548 22 happy happy JJ 31627 548 23 ignorance ignorance NN 31627 548 24 that that IN 31627 548 25 they -PRON- PRP 31627 548 26 " " `` 31627 548 27 stood stand VBD 31627 548 28 on on IN 31627 548 29 a a DT 31627 548 30 volcano volcano NN 31627 548 31 , , , 31627 548 32 " " '' 31627 548 33 and and CC 31627 548 34 that that IN 31627 548 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 548 36 prosperity prosperity NN 31627 548 37 was be VBD 31627 548 38 to to TO 31627 548 39 have have VB 31627 548 40 a a DT 31627 548 41 sudden sudden JJ 31627 548 42 and and CC 31627 548 43 disastrous disastrous JJ 31627 548 44 close close NN 31627 548 45 . . . 31627 549 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 549 2 3 3 CD 31627 549 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 549 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 549 5 _ _ NNP 31627 549 6 b. b. NNP 31627 549 7 _ _ NNP 31627 549 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 549 9 _ _ NNP 31627 549 10 Premonitory Premonitory NNP 31627 549 11 Earthquake Earthquake NNP 31627 549 12 Shocks._--The shocks._--the CD 31627 549 13 first first JJ 31627 549 14 monitions monition NNS 31627 549 15 of of IN 31627 549 16 the the DT 31627 549 17 impending impending JJ 31627 549 18 catastrophe catastrophe NN 31627 549 19 occurred occur VBD 31627 549 20 in in IN 31627 549 21 the the DT 31627 549 22 63rd 63rd JJ 31627 549 23 year year NN 31627 549 24 after after IN 31627 549 25 Christ Christ NNP 31627 549 26 , , , 31627 549 27 when when WRB 31627 549 28 the the DT 31627 549 29 whole whole JJ 31627 549 30 Campagna Campagna NNP 31627 549 31 was be VBD 31627 549 32 shaken shake VBN 31627 549 33 by by IN 31627 549 34 an an DT 31627 549 35 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 549 36 , , , 31627 549 37 which which WDT 31627 549 38 did do VBD 31627 549 39 much much JJ 31627 549 40 damage damage NN 31627 549 41 to to IN 31627 549 42 the the DT 31627 549 43 towns town NNS 31627 549 44 and and CC 31627 549 45 villas villa NNS 31627 549 46 surrounding surround VBG 31627 549 47 the the DT 31627 549 48 mountain mountain NN 31627 549 49 even even RB 31627 549 50 beyond beyond IN 31627 549 51 Naples Naples NNP 31627 549 52 . . . 31627 550 1 This this DT 31627 550 2 was be VBD 31627 550 3 followed follow VBN 31627 550 4 by by IN 31627 550 5 other other JJ 31627 550 6 shocks shock NNS 31627 550 7 ; ; : 31627 550 8 and and CC 31627 550 9 in in IN 31627 550 10 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 31627 550 11 the the DT 31627 550 12 temple temple NN 31627 550 13 of of IN 31627 550 14 Isis Isis NNP 31627 550 15 was be VBD 31627 550 16 so so RB 31627 550 17 much much RB 31627 550 18 damaged damage VBN 31627 550 19 as as IN 31627 550 20 to to TO 31627 550 21 require require VB 31627 550 22 reconstruction reconstruction NN 31627 550 23 , , , 31627 550 24 which which WDT 31627 550 25 was be VBD 31627 550 26 undertaken undertake VBN 31627 550 27 and and CC 31627 550 28 carried carry VBN 31627 550 29 out out RP 31627 550 30 by by IN 31627 550 31 a a DT 31627 550 32 citizen citizen NN 31627 550 33 at at IN 31627 550 34 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 550 35 own own JJ 31627 550 36 expense expense NN 31627 550 37 . . . 31627 551 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 551 2 4 4 LS 31627 551 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 551 4 These these DT 31627 551 5 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 551 6 shakings shaking NNS 31627 551 7 continued continue VBD 31627 551 8 for for IN 31627 551 9 sixteen sixteen CD 31627 551 10 years year NNS 31627 551 11 . . . 31627 552 1 At at IN 31627 552 2 length length NN 31627 552 3 , , , 31627 552 4 on on IN 31627 552 5 the the DT 31627 552 6 night night NN 31627 552 7 of of IN 31627 552 8 August August NNP 31627 552 9 24th 24th NN 31627 552 10 , , , 31627 552 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 31627 552 12 79 79 CD 31627 552 13 , , , 31627 552 14 they -PRON- PRP 31627 552 15 became become VBD 31627 552 16 so so RB 31627 552 17 violent violent JJ 31627 552 18 that that IN 31627 552 19 the the DT 31627 552 20 whole whole JJ 31627 552 21 region region NN 31627 552 22 seemed seem VBD 31627 552 23 to to TO 31627 552 24 reel reel VB 31627 552 25 and and CC 31627 552 26 totter totter VB 31627 552 27 , , , 31627 552 28 and and CC 31627 552 29 all all DT 31627 552 30 things thing NNS 31627 552 31 appeared appear VBD 31627 552 32 to to TO 31627 552 33 be be VB 31627 552 34 threatened threaten VBN 31627 552 35 with with IN 31627 552 36 destruction destruction NN 31627 552 37 . . . 31627 553 1 The the DT 31627 553 2 next next JJ 31627 553 3 day day NN 31627 553 4 , , , 31627 553 5 about about RB 31627 553 6 one one CD 31627 553 7 in in IN 31627 553 8 the the DT 31627 553 9 afternoon afternoon NN 31627 553 10 , , , 31627 553 11 there there EX 31627 553 12 was be VBD 31627 553 13 seen see VBN 31627 553 14 to to TO 31627 553 15 rise rise VB 31627 553 16 in in IN 31627 553 17 the the DT 31627 553 18 direction direction NN 31627 553 19 of of IN 31627 553 20 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 553 21 a a DT 31627 553 22 dense dense JJ 31627 553 23 cloud cloud NN 31627 553 24 , , , 31627 553 25 which which WDT 31627 553 26 , , , 31627 553 27 after after IN 31627 553 28 ascending ascend VBG 31627 553 29 from from IN 31627 553 30 the the DT 31627 553 31 summit summit NN 31627 553 32 of of IN 31627 553 33 the the DT 31627 553 34 mountain mountain NN 31627 553 35 into into IN 31627 553 36 the the DT 31627 553 37 air air NN 31627 553 38 for for IN 31627 553 39 a a DT 31627 553 40 certain certain JJ 31627 553 41 height height NN 31627 553 42 in in IN 31627 553 43 one one CD 31627 553 44 narrow narrow JJ 31627 553 45 , , , 31627 553 46 vertical vertical JJ 31627 553 47 trunk trunk NN 31627 553 48 , , , 31627 553 49 spread spread VBD 31627 553 50 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 553 51 out out RP 31627 553 52 laterally laterally RB 31627 553 53 in in IN 31627 553 54 such such PDT 31627 553 55 a a DT 31627 553 56 form form NN 31627 553 57 that that WDT 31627 553 58 the the DT 31627 553 59 upper upper JJ 31627 553 60 part part NN 31627 553 61 might may MD 31627 553 62 be be VB 31627 553 63 compared compare VBN 31627 553 64 to to IN 31627 553 65 the the DT 31627 553 66 cluster cluster NN 31627 553 67 of of IN 31627 553 68 branches branch NNS 31627 553 69 , , , 31627 553 70 and and CC 31627 553 71 the the DT 31627 553 72 lower low JJR 31627 553 73 to to IN 31627 553 74 the the DT 31627 553 75 stem stem NN 31627 553 76 of of IN 31627 553 77 the the DT 31627 553 78 pine pine NN 31627 553 79 which which WDT 31627 553 80 forms form VBZ 31627 553 81 so so RB 31627 553 82 common common JJ 31627 553 83 a a DT 31627 553 84 feature feature NN 31627 553 85 in in IN 31627 553 86 the the DT 31627 553 87 Italian italian JJ 31627 553 88 landscape landscape NN 31627 553 89 . . . 31627 554 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 554 2 5 5 CD 31627 554 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 554 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 554 5 _ _ NNP 31627 554 6 c. c. NNP 31627 554 7 _ _ NNP 31627 554 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 554 9 _ _ NNP 31627 554 10 Pliny Pliny NNP 31627 554 11 's 's POS 31627 554 12 Letters letter NNS 31627 554 13 to to IN 31627 554 14 Tacitus._--For Tacitus._--For , 31627 554 15 an an DT 31627 554 16 account account NN 31627 554 17 of of IN 31627 554 18 what what WP 31627 554 19 followed follow VBD 31627 554 20 we -PRON- PRP 31627 554 21 are be VBP 31627 554 22 indebted indebted JJ 31627 554 23 to to IN 31627 554 24 the the DT 31627 554 25 admirable admirable JJ 31627 554 26 letters letter NNS 31627 554 27 of of IN 31627 554 28 the the DT 31627 554 29 younger young JJR 31627 554 30 Pliny Pliny NNP 31627 554 31 , , , 31627 554 32 addressed address VBD 31627 554 33 to to IN 31627 554 34 the the DT 31627 554 35 historian historian NN 31627 554 36 Tacitus Tacitus NNP 31627 554 37 , , , 31627 554 38 recounting recount VBG 31627 554 39 the the DT 31627 554 40 events event NNS 31627 554 41 which which WDT 31627 554 42 caused cause VBD 31627 554 43 , , , 31627 554 44 or or CC 31627 554 45 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 554 46 , , , 31627 554 47 the the DT 31627 554 48 death death NN 31627 554 49 of of IN 31627 554 50 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 554 51 uncle uncle NN 31627 554 52 , , , 31627 554 53 the the DT 31627 554 54 elder eld JJR 31627 554 55 Pliny Pliny NNP 31627 554 56 , , , 31627 554 57 who who WP 31627 554 58 at at IN 31627 554 59 the the DT 31627 554 60 time time NN 31627 554 61 of of IN 31627 554 62 this this DT 31627 554 63 first first JJ 31627 554 64 eruption eruption NN 31627 554 65 of of IN 31627 554 66 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 554 67 was be VBD 31627 554 68 in in IN 31627 554 69 command command NN 31627 554 70 of of IN 31627 554 71 the the DT 31627 554 72 Roman roman JJ 31627 554 73 fleet fleet NN 31627 554 74 at at IN 31627 554 75 the the DT 31627 554 76 entrance entrance NN 31627 554 77 to to IN 31627 554 78 the the DT 31627 554 79 Bay Bay NNP 31627 554 80 of of IN 31627 554 81 Naples Naples NNP 31627 554 82 . . . 31627 555 1 These these DT 31627 555 2 letters letter NNS 31627 555 3 , , , 31627 555 4 which which WDT 31627 555 5 are be VBP 31627 555 6 models model NNS 31627 555 7 of of IN 31627 555 8 style style NN 31627 555 9 and and CC 31627 555 10 of of IN 31627 555 11 accurate accurate JJ 31627 555 12 description description NN 31627 555 13 , , , 31627 555 14 are be VBP 31627 555 15 too too RB 31627 555 16 long long JJ 31627 555 17 to to TO 31627 555 18 be be VB 31627 555 19 inserted insert VBN 31627 555 20 here here RB 31627 555 21 ; ; : 31627 555 22 but but CC 31627 555 23 he -PRON- PRP 31627 555 24 recounts recount VBZ 31627 555 25 how how WRB 31627 555 26 the the DT 31627 555 27 dense dense JJ 31627 555 28 cloud cloud NN 31627 555 29 which which WDT 31627 555 30 hung hang VBD 31627 555 31 over over IN 31627 555 32 the the DT 31627 555 33 mountain mountain NN 31627 555 34 spread spread VBD 31627 555 35 over over IN 31627 555 36 the the DT 31627 555 37 whole whole JJ 31627 555 38 surrounding surround VBG 31627 555 39 region region NN 31627 555 40 , , , 31627 555 41 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 555 42 illuminated illuminate VBN 31627 555 43 by by IN 31627 555 44 flashes flash NNS 31627 555 45 of of IN 31627 555 46 light light NN 31627 555 47 more more RBR 31627 555 48 vivid vivid JJ 31627 555 49 than than IN 31627 555 50 lightning lightning NN 31627 555 51 ; ; : 31627 555 52 how how WRB 31627 555 53 showers shower NNS 31627 555 54 of of IN 31627 555 55 cinders cinder NNS 31627 555 56 , , , 31627 555 57 stones stone NNS 31627 555 58 , , , 31627 555 59 and and CC 31627 555 60 ashes ashe NNS 31627 555 61 fell fall VBD 31627 555 62 in in IN 31627 555 63 such such JJ 31627 555 64 quantity quantity NN 31627 555 65 that that WDT 31627 555 66 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 555 67 uncle uncle NN 31627 555 68 had have VBD 31627 555 69 to to TO 31627 555 70 flee flee VB 31627 555 71 from from IN 31627 555 72 Stabiæ Stabiæ NNP 31627 555 73 , , , 31627 555 74 and and CC 31627 555 75 that that IN 31627 555 76 even even RB 31627 555 77 at at IN 31627 555 78 so so RB 31627 555 79 great great JJ 31627 555 80 a a DT 31627 555 81 distance distance NN 31627 555 82 as as IN 31627 555 83 Misenum Misenum NNP 31627 555 84 they -PRON- PRP 31627 555 85 encumbered encumber VBD 31627 555 86 the the DT 31627 555 87 surface surface NN 31627 555 88 of of IN 31627 555 89 the the DT 31627 555 90 ground ground NN 31627 555 91 ; ; : 31627 555 92 how how WRB 31627 555 93 the the DT 31627 555 94 ground ground NN 31627 555 95 heaved heave VBD 31627 555 96 and and CC 31627 555 97 the the DT 31627 555 98 bed bed NN 31627 555 99 of of IN 31627 555 100 the the DT 31627 555 101 sea sea NN 31627 555 102 was be VBD 31627 555 103 upraised upraised JJ 31627 555 104 ; ; : 31627 555 105 how how WRB 31627 555 106 the the DT 31627 555 107 cloud cloud NN 31627 555 108 descended descend VBD 31627 555 109 on on IN 31627 555 110 Misenum Misenum NNP 31627 555 111 , , , 31627 555 112 and and CC 31627 555 113 even even RB 31627 555 114 the the DT 31627 555 115 island island NN 31627 555 116 of of IN 31627 555 117 Capreæ Capreæ NNP 31627 555 118 was be VBD 31627 555 119 concealed conceal VBN 31627 555 120 from from IN 31627 555 121 view view NN 31627 555 122 ; ; : 31627 555 123 and and CC 31627 555 124 finally finally RB 31627 555 125 , , , 31627 555 126 how how WRB 31627 555 127 , , , 31627 555 128 urged urge VBN 31627 555 129 by by IN 31627 555 130 a a DT 31627 555 131 friend friend NN 31627 555 132 who who WP 31627 555 133 had have VBD 31627 555 134 arrived arrive VBN 31627 555 135 from from IN 31627 555 136 Spain Spain NNP 31627 555 137 , , , 31627 555 138 he -PRON- PRP 31627 555 139 , , , 31627 555 140 with with IN 31627 555 141 filial filial JJ 31627 555 142 affection affection NN 31627 555 143 , , , 31627 555 144 supported support VBD 31627 555 145 the the DT 31627 555 146 steps step NNS 31627 555 147 of of IN 31627 555 148 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 555 149 mother mother NN 31627 555 150 in in IN 31627 555 151 flying fly VBG 31627 555 152 from from IN 31627 555 153 the the DT 31627 555 154 city city NN 31627 555 155 of of IN 31627 555 156 destruction destruction NN 31627 555 157 . . . 31627 556 1 Such such JJ 31627 556 2 being be VBG 31627 556 3 the the DT 31627 556 4 condition condition NN 31627 556 5 of of IN 31627 556 6 the the DT 31627 556 7 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 556 8 and and CC 31627 556 9 the the DT 31627 556 10 effects effect NNS 31627 556 11 of of IN 31627 556 12 the the DT 31627 556 13 eruption eruption NN 31627 556 14 at at IN 31627 556 15 a a DT 31627 556 16 point point NN 31627 556 17 so so RB 31627 556 18 distant distant JJ 31627 556 19 as as IN 31627 556 20 Cape Cape NNP 31627 556 21 Misenum Misenum NNP 31627 556 22 , , , 31627 556 23 some some DT 31627 556 24 sixteen sixteen CD 31627 556 25 geographical geographical JJ 31627 556 26 miles mile NNS 31627 556 27 from from IN 31627 556 28 the the DT 31627 556 29 focus focus NN 31627 556 30 of of IN 31627 556 31 eruption eruption NN 31627 556 32 , , , 31627 556 33 it -PRON- PRP 31627 556 34 is be VBZ 31627 556 35 only only RB 31627 556 36 to to TO 31627 556 37 be be VB 31627 556 38 expected expect VBN 31627 556 39 that that IN 31627 556 40 places place NNS 31627 556 41 not not RB 31627 556 42 half half PDT 31627 556 43 the the DT 31627 556 44 distance distance NN 31627 556 45 , , , 31627 556 46 such such JJ 31627 556 47 as as IN 31627 556 48 Herculaneum Herculaneum NNP 31627 556 49 , , , 31627 556 50 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 31627 556 51 , , , 31627 556 52 and and CC 31627 556 53 even even RB 31627 556 54 Stabiæ Stabiæ NNP 31627 556 55 , , , 31627 556 56 with with IN 31627 556 57 many many JJ 31627 556 58 villages village NNS 31627 556 59 and and CC 31627 556 60 dwellings dwelling NNS 31627 556 61 , , , 31627 556 62 should should MD 31627 556 63 have have VB 31627 556 64 shared share VBN 31627 556 65 a a DT 31627 556 66 worse bad JJR 31627 556 67 fate fate NN 31627 556 68 . . . 31627 557 1 The the DT 31627 557 2 first first JJ 31627 557 3 of of IN 31627 557 4 these these DT 31627 557 5 cities city NNS 31627 557 6 , , , 31627 557 7 situated situate VBN 31627 557 8 on on IN 31627 557 9 the the DT 31627 557 10 coast coast NN 31627 557 11 of of IN 31627 557 12 the the DT 31627 557 13 Bay Bay NNP 31627 557 14 of of IN 31627 557 15 Naples Naples NNP 31627 557 16 , , , 31627 557 17 appears appear VBZ 31627 557 18 to to TO 31627 557 19 have have VB 31627 557 20 been be VBN 31627 557 21 overwhelmed overwhelm VBN 31627 557 22 by by IN 31627 557 23 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 557 24 mud mud NN 31627 557 25 ; ; : 31627 557 26 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 31627 557 27 was be VBD 31627 557 28 buried bury VBN 31627 557 29 in in IN 31627 557 30 ashes ashe NNS 31627 557 31 and and CC 31627 557 32 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 557 33 , , , 31627 557 34 and and CC 31627 557 35 Stabiæ Stabiæ NNP 31627 557 36 probably probably RB 31627 557 37 shared share VBD 31627 557 38 a a DT 31627 557 39 similar similar JJ 31627 557 40 fate fate NN 31627 557 41 . . . 31627 558 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 558 2 6 6 CD 31627 558 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 558 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 558 5 _ _ NNP 31627 558 6 d. d. NNP 31627 558 7 _ _ NNP 31627 558 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 558 9 _ _ NNP 31627 558 10 Appearance Appearance NNP 31627 558 11 of of IN 31627 558 12 the the DT 31627 558 13 Mountain Mountain NNP 31627 558 14 at at IN 31627 558 15 the the DT 31627 558 16 Commencement Commencement NNP 31627 558 17 of of IN 31627 558 18 the the DT 31627 558 19 Christian Christian NNP 31627 558 20 Era._--At Era._--At NNP 31627 558 21 the the DT 31627 558 22 time time NN 31627 558 23 of of IN 31627 558 24 the the DT 31627 558 25 first first JJ 31627 558 26 recorded recorded JJ 31627 558 27 eruption eruption NN 31627 558 28 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 558 29 appears appear VBZ 31627 558 30 to to TO 31627 558 31 have have VB 31627 558 32 consisted consist VBN 31627 558 33 of of IN 31627 558 34 only only RB 31627 558 35 a a DT 31627 558 36 single single JJ 31627 558 37 cone cone NN 31627 558 38 with with IN 31627 558 39 a a DT 31627 558 40 crater crater NN 31627 558 41 , , , 31627 558 42 now now RB 31627 558 43 known know VBN 31627 558 44 as as IN 31627 558 45 Monte Monte NNP 31627 558 46 di di NNP 31627 558 47 Somma Somma NNP 31627 558 48 , , , 31627 558 49 the the DT 31627 558 50 central central JJ 31627 558 51 cone cone NN 31627 558 52 of of IN 31627 558 53 eruption eruption NN 31627 558 54 which which WDT 31627 558 55 now now RB 31627 558 56 rises rise VBZ 31627 558 57 from from IN 31627 558 58 within within IN 31627 558 59 this this DT 31627 558 60 outer outer NN 31627 558 61 ruptured rupture VBN 31627 558 62 casing case VBG 31627 558 63 not not RB 31627 558 64 having have VBG 31627 558 65 been be VBN 31627 558 66 formed form VBN 31627 558 67 . . . 31627 559 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 559 2 Fig fig NN 31627 559 3 . . . 31627 560 1 6 6 CD 31627 560 2 . . . 31627 560 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 561 1 The the DT 31627 561 2 first first JJ 31627 561 3 effect effect NN 31627 561 4 of of IN 31627 561 5 the the DT 31627 561 6 eruption eruption NN 31627 561 7 of of IN 31627 561 8 the the DT 31627 561 9 year year NN 31627 561 10 79 79 CD 31627 561 11 was be VBD 31627 561 12 to to TO 31627 561 13 blow blow VB 31627 561 14 out out RP 31627 561 15 the the DT 31627 561 16 solidified solidify VBN 31627 561 17 covering covering NN 31627 561 18 of of IN 31627 561 19 slag slag NN 31627 561 20 and and CC 31627 561 21 scoriæ scoriæ NN 31627 561 22 forming form VBG 31627 561 23 the the DT 31627 561 24 floor floor NN 31627 561 25 of of IN 31627 561 26 the the DT 31627 561 27 caldron caldron NN 31627 561 28 . . . 31627 562 1 Doubtless doubtless RB 31627 562 2 at at IN 31627 562 3 the the DT 31627 562 4 close close NN 31627 562 5 of of IN 31627 562 6 the the DT 31627 562 7 eruption eruption NN 31627 562 8 a a DT 31627 562 9 cone cone NN 31627 562 10 of of IN 31627 562 11 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 562 12 matter matter NN 31627 562 13 and and CC 31627 562 14 lava lava NN 31627 562 15 of of IN 31627 562 16 some some DT 31627 562 17 slight slight JJ 31627 562 18 elevation elevation NN 31627 562 19 was be VBD 31627 562 20 built build VBN 31627 562 21 up up RP 31627 562 22 , , , 31627 562 23 and and CC 31627 562 24 , , , 31627 562 25 if if IN 31627 562 26 so so RB 31627 562 27 , , , 31627 562 28 was be VBD 31627 562 29 subsequently subsequently RB 31627 562 30 destroyed destroy VBN 31627 562 31 ; ; : 31627 562 32 for for IN 31627 562 33 , , , 31627 562 34 as as IN 31627 562 35 we -PRON- PRP 31627 562 36 shall shall MD 31627 562 37 presently presently RB 31627 562 38 see see VB 31627 562 39 by by IN 31627 562 40 the the DT 31627 562 41 testimony testimony NN 31627 562 42 of of IN 31627 562 43 the the DT 31627 562 44 Abate Abate NNP 31627 562 45 Guilio Guilio NNP 31627 562 46 Cesare Cesare NNP 31627 562 47 Braccini Braccini NNP 31627 562 48 , , , 31627 562 49 who who WP 31627 562 50 examined examine VBD 31627 562 51 the the DT 31627 562 52 mountain mountain NN 31627 562 53 not not RB 31627 562 54 long long RB 31627 562 55 before before IN 31627 562 56 the the DT 31627 562 57 great great JJ 31627 562 58 eruption eruption NN 31627 562 59 of of IN 31627 562 60 A.D. A.D. NNP 31627 562 61 1631 1631 CD 31627 562 62 , , , 31627 562 63 there there EX 31627 562 64 was be VBD 31627 562 65 no no DT 31627 562 66 central central JJ 31627 562 67 cone cone NN 31627 562 68 to to IN 31627 562 69 the the DT 31627 562 70 mountain mountain NN 31627 562 71 at at IN 31627 562 72 that that DT 31627 562 73 time time NN 31627 562 74 ; ; : 31627 562 75 and and CC 31627 562 76 the the DT 31627 562 77 mountain mountain NN 31627 562 78 had have VBD 31627 562 79 assumed assume VBN 31627 562 80 pretty pretty RB 31627 562 81 much much RB 31627 562 82 the the DT 31627 562 83 appearance appearance NN 31627 562 84 it -PRON- PRP 31627 562 85 had have VBD 31627 562 86 at at IN 31627 562 87 the the DT 31627 562 88 time time NN 31627 562 89 that that WDT 31627 562 90 Spartacus Spartacus NNP 31627 562 91 took take VBD 31627 562 92 refuge refuge NN 31627 562 93 within within IN 31627 562 94 the the DT 31627 562 95 walls wall NNS 31627 562 96 of of IN 31627 562 97 the the DT 31627 562 98 great great JJ 31627 562 99 crater crater NN 31627 562 100 . . . 31627 563 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 563 2 _ _ NNP 31627 563 3 e. e. NNP 31627 563 4 _ _ NNP 31627 563 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 563 6 _ _ NNP 31627 563 7 Destruction Destruction NNP 31627 563 8 of of IN 31627 563 9 Pompeii._--Pompeii Pompeii._--Pompeii NNP 31627 563 10 was be VBD 31627 563 11 overwhelmed overwhelm VBN 31627 563 12 with with IN 31627 563 13 dry dry JJ 31627 563 14 ashes ashe NNS 31627 563 15 and and CC 31627 563 16 lapilli lapilli NN 31627 563 17 . . . 31627 564 1 Sir Sir NNP 31627 564 2 W. W. NNP 31627 564 3 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 31627 564 4 found find VBD 31627 564 5 some some DT 31627 564 6 of of IN 31627 564 7 the the DT 31627 564 8 stones stone NNS 31627 564 9 to to TO 31627 564 10 weigh weigh VB 31627 564 11 eight eight CD 31627 564 12 pounds pound NNS 31627 564 13 . . . 31627 565 1 At at IN 31627 565 2 the the DT 31627 565 3 time time NN 31627 565 4 of of IN 31627 565 5 the the DT 31627 565 6 author author NN 31627 565 7 's 's POS 31627 565 8 visit visit NN 31627 565 9 , , , 31627 565 10 early early RB 31627 565 11 in in IN 31627 565 12 April April NNP 31627 565 13 1872 1872 CD 31627 565 14 , , , 31627 565 15 the the DT 31627 565 16 excavations excavation NNS 31627 565 17 had have VBD 31627 565 18 laid lay VBN 31627 565 19 open open RP 31627 565 20 a a DT 31627 565 21 section section NN 31627 565 22 about about RB 31627 565 23 ten ten CD 31627 565 24 feet foot NNS 31627 565 25 deep deep JJ 31627 565 26 , , , 31627 565 27 chiefly chiefly RB 31627 565 28 composed compose VBN 31627 565 29 of of IN 31627 565 30 alternating alternate VBG 31627 565 31 layers layer NNS 31627 565 32 of of IN 31627 565 33 small small JJ 31627 565 34 pumice pumice JJ 31627 565 35 stones stone NNS 31627 565 36 ( ( -LRB- 31627 565 37 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 565 38 ) ) -RRB- 31627 565 39 and and CC 31627 565 40 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 565 41 dust dust NN 31627 565 42 . . . 31627 566 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 566 2 was be VBD 31627 566 3 during during IN 31627 566 4 the the DT 31627 566 5 sinking sinking NN 31627 566 6 of of IN 31627 566 7 a a DT 31627 566 8 well well NN 31627 566 9 in in IN 31627 566 10 1713 1713 CD 31627 566 11 upon upon IN 31627 566 12 the the DT 31627 566 13 theatre theatre NN 31627 566 14 containing contain VBG 31627 566 15 the the DT 31627 566 16 statues statue NNS 31627 566 17 of of IN 31627 566 18 Hercules Hercules NNP 31627 566 19 and and CC 31627 566 20 Cleopatra Cleopatra NNP 31627 566 21 that that IN 31627 566 22 the the DT 31627 566 23 existence existence NN 31627 566 24 of of IN 31627 566 25 the the DT 31627 566 26 ancient ancient JJ 31627 566 27 city city NN 31627 566 28 was be VBD 31627 566 29 accidentally accidentally RB 31627 566 30 discovered discover VBN 31627 566 31 . . . 31627 567 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 567 2 _ _ NNP 31627 567 3 f. f. NNP 31627 567 4 _ _ NNP 31627 567 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 567 6 _ _ NNP 31627 567 7 More more RBR 31627 567 8 recent recent JJ 31627 567 9 eruptions._--Since eruptions._--since NN 31627 567 10 the the DT 31627 567 11 first first JJ 31627 567 12 recorded record VBN 31627 567 13 eruption eruption NN 31627 567 14 in in IN 31627 567 15 A.D. A.D. NNP 31627 567 16 79 79 CD 31627 567 17 down down IN 31627 567 18 to to IN 31627 567 19 the the DT 31627 567 20 present present JJ 31627 567 21 day day NN 31627 567 22 , , , 31627 567 23 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 567 24 has have VBZ 31627 567 25 been be VBN 31627 567 26 the the DT 31627 567 27 scene scene NN 31627 567 28 of of IN 31627 567 29 numerous numerous JJ 31627 567 30 intermittent intermittent JJ 31627 567 31 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 567 32 , , , 31627 567 33 of of IN 31627 567 34 which which WDT 31627 567 35 some some DT 31627 567 36 have have VBP 31627 567 37 been be VBN 31627 567 38 recorded record VBN 31627 567 39 ; ; : 31627 567 40 but but CC 31627 567 41 many many JJ 31627 567 42 , , , 31627 567 43 doubtless doubtless RB 31627 567 44 , , , 31627 567 45 are be VBP 31627 567 46 forgotten forget VBN 31627 567 47 . . . 31627 568 1 In in IN 31627 568 2 A.D. A.D. NNP 31627 568 3 203 203 CD 31627 568 4 , , , 31627 568 5 during during IN 31627 568 6 the the DT 31627 568 7 reign reign NN 31627 568 8 of of IN 31627 568 9 Severus Severus NNP 31627 568 10 , , , 31627 568 11 an an DT 31627 568 12 eruption eruption NN 31627 568 13 of of IN 31627 568 14 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 31627 568 15 violence violence NN 31627 568 16 took take VBD 31627 568 17 place place NN 31627 568 18 , , , 31627 568 19 which which WDT 31627 568 20 is be VBZ 31627 568 21 related relate VBN 31627 568 22 by by IN 31627 568 23 Dion Dion NNP 31627 568 24 Cassius Cassius NNP 31627 568 25 , , , 31627 568 26 from from IN 31627 568 27 whose whose WP$ 31627 568 28 narrative narrative NN 31627 568 29 we -PRON- PRP 31627 568 30 may may MD 31627 568 31 gather gather VB 31627 568 32 that that IN 31627 568 33 at at IN 31627 568 34 this this DT 31627 568 35 time time NN 31627 568 36 there there EX 31627 568 37 was be VBD 31627 568 38 only only RB 31627 568 39 one one CD 31627 568 40 large large JJ 31627 568 41 crater crater NN 31627 568 42 , , , 31627 568 43 and and CC 31627 568 44 that that IN 31627 568 45 the the DT 31627 568 46 central central JJ 31627 568 47 cone cone NN 31627 568 48 of of IN 31627 568 49 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 568 50 had have VBD 31627 568 51 not not RB 31627 568 52 as as RB 31627 568 53 yet yet RB 31627 568 54 been be VBN 31627 568 55 upraised upraise VBN 31627 568 56 . . . 31627 569 1 In in IN 31627 569 2 A.D. A.D. NNP 31627 569 3 472 472 CD 31627 569 4 an an DT 31627 569 5 eruption eruption NN 31627 569 6 occurred occur VBD 31627 569 7 of of IN 31627 569 8 such such JJ 31627 569 9 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 569 10 as as IN 31627 569 11 to to TO 31627 569 12 cover cover VB 31627 569 13 all all DT 31627 569 14 Europe Europe NNP 31627 569 15 with with IN 31627 569 16 fine fine JJ 31627 569 17 dust dust NN 31627 569 18 , , , 31627 569 19 and and CC 31627 569 20 spread spread VBD 31627 569 21 alarm alarm NN 31627 569 22 even even RB 31627 569 23 at at IN 31627 569 24 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 31627 569 25 . . . 31627 570 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 570 2 _ _ NNP 31627 570 3 g. g. NNP 31627 570 4 _ _ NNP 31627 570 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 570 6 _ _ NNP 31627 570 7 Eruption Eruption NNP 31627 570 8 of of IN 31627 570 9 1631._--In 1631._--in CD 31627 570 10 December December NNP 31627 570 11 1631 1631 CD 31627 570 12 occurred occur VBD 31627 570 13 the the DT 31627 570 14 great great JJ 31627 570 15 convulsion convulsion NN 31627 570 16 whose whose WP$ 31627 570 17 memorials memorial NNS 31627 570 18 are be VBP 31627 570 19 written write VBN 31627 570 20 widely widely RB 31627 570 21 on on IN 31627 570 22 the the DT 31627 570 23 western western JJ 31627 570 24 face face NN 31627 570 25 of of IN 31627 570 26 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 570 27 in in IN 31627 570 28 ruined ruin VBN 31627 570 29 villages village NNS 31627 570 30 . . . 31627 571 1 This this DT 31627 571 2 eruption eruption NN 31627 571 3 left leave VBD 31627 571 4 layers layer NNS 31627 571 5 of of IN 31627 571 6 ashes ashe NNS 31627 571 7 over over IN 31627 571 8 hundreds hundred NNS 31627 571 9 of of IN 31627 571 10 miles mile NNS 31627 571 11 of of IN 31627 571 12 country country NN 31627 571 13 , , , 31627 571 14 or or CC 31627 571 15 heaps heap NNS 31627 571 16 of of IN 31627 571 17 mud mud NN 31627 571 18 swept sweep VBN 31627 571 19 down down RP 31627 571 20 by by IN 31627 571 21 hot hot JJ 31627 571 22 water water NN 31627 571 23 floods flood NNS 31627 571 24 from from IN 31627 571 25 the the DT 31627 571 26 crater crater NN 31627 571 27 ; ; : 31627 571 28 the the DT 31627 571 29 crater crater NN 31627 571 30 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 571 31 having have VBG 31627 571 32 been be VBN 31627 571 33 dissipated dissipate VBN 31627 571 34 in in IN 31627 571 35 the the DT 31627 571 36 convulsion convulsion NN 31627 571 37 . . . 31627 572 1 Braccini Braccini NNP 31627 572 2 , , , 31627 572 3 who who WP 31627 572 4 examined examine VBD 31627 572 5 the the DT 31627 572 6 mountain mountain NN 31627 572 7 not not RB 31627 572 8 long long RB 31627 572 9 before before IN 31627 572 10 this this DT 31627 572 11 eruption eruption NN 31627 572 12 , , , 31627 572 13 found find VBD 31627 572 14 apparently apparently RB 31627 572 15 no no DT 31627 572 16 cone cone NN 31627 572 17 ( ( -LRB- 31627 572 18 or or CC 31627 572 19 mount mount NNP 31627 572 20 ) ) -RRB- 31627 572 21 like like IN 31627 572 22 that that DT 31627 572 23 of of IN 31627 572 24 the the DT 31627 572 25 modern modern JJ 31627 572 26 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 572 27 . . . 31627 573 1 He -PRON- PRP 31627 573 2 states state VBZ 31627 573 3 that that IN 31627 573 4 the the DT 31627 573 5 crater crater NN 31627 573 6 was be VBD 31627 573 7 five five CD 31627 573 8 miles mile NNS 31627 573 9 in in IN 31627 573 10 circumference circumference NN 31627 573 11 , , , 31627 573 12 about about RB 31627 573 13 a a DT 31627 573 14 thousand thousand CD 31627 573 15 paces pace NNS 31627 573 16 deep deep JJ 31627 573 17 ( ( -LRB- 31627 573 18 or or CC 31627 573 19 in in IN 31627 573 20 sloping slope VBG 31627 573 21 descent descent NN 31627 573 22 ) ) -RRB- 31627 573 23 , , , 31627 573 24 and and CC 31627 573 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 573 26 sides side NNS 31627 573 27 covered cover VBN 31627 573 28 with with IN 31627 573 29 forest forest NN 31627 573 30 trees tree NNS 31627 573 31 and and CC 31627 573 32 brushwood brushwood NN 31627 573 33 , , , 31627 573 34 while while IN 31627 573 35 at at IN 31627 573 36 the the DT 31627 573 37 bottom bottom NN 31627 573 38 there there EX 31627 573 39 was be VBD 31627 573 40 a a DT 31627 573 41 plain plain NN 31627 573 42 on on IN 31627 573 43 which which WDT 31627 573 44 cattle cattle NNS 31627 573 45 grazed graze VBD 31627 573 46 . . . 31627 574 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 574 2 7 7 CD 31627 574 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 574 4 It -PRON- PRP 31627 574 5 would would MD 31627 574 6 seem seem VB 31627 574 7 that that IN 31627 574 8 the the DT 31627 574 9 mountain mountain NN 31627 574 10 had have VBD 31627 574 11 at at IN 31627 574 12 this this DT 31627 574 13 time time NN 31627 574 14 enjoyed enjoy VBD 31627 574 15 a a DT 31627 574 16 long long JJ 31627 574 17 interval interval NN 31627 574 18 of of IN 31627 574 19 rest rest NN 31627 574 20 , , , 31627 574 21 and and CC 31627 574 22 that that IN 31627 574 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 574 24 had have VBD 31627 574 25 reverted revert VBN 31627 574 26 to to IN 31627 574 27 very very RB 31627 574 28 much much RB 31627 574 29 the the DT 31627 574 30 same same JJ 31627 574 31 state state NN 31627 574 32 in in IN 31627 574 33 which which WDT 31627 574 34 it -PRON- PRP 31627 574 35 was be VBD 31627 574 36 at at IN 31627 574 37 the the DT 31627 574 38 period period NN 31627 574 39 of of IN 31627 574 40 the the DT 31627 574 41 first first JJ 31627 574 42 eruption eruption NN 31627 574 43 , , , 31627 574 44 when when WRB 31627 574 45 the the DT 31627 574 46 flanks flank NNS 31627 574 47 were be VBD 31627 574 48 peopled people VBN 31627 574 49 by by IN 31627 574 50 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 574 51 living live VBG 31627 574 52 in in IN 31627 574 53 fancied fancied JJ 31627 574 54 security security NN 31627 574 55 . . . 31627 575 1 But but CC 31627 575 2 six six CD 31627 575 3 months month NNS 31627 575 4 of of IN 31627 575 5 violent violent JJ 31627 575 6 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 575 7 , , , 31627 575 8 which which WDT 31627 575 9 grew grow VBD 31627 575 10 more more RBR 31627 575 11 violent violent JJ 31627 575 12 towards towards IN 31627 575 13 the the DT 31627 575 14 close close NN 31627 575 15 of of IN 31627 575 16 1631 1631 CD 31627 575 17 , , , 31627 575 18 heralded herald VBD 31627 575 19 the the DT 31627 575 20 eruption eruption NN 31627 575 21 which which WDT 31627 575 22 took take VBD 31627 575 23 place place NN 31627 575 24 in in IN 31627 575 25 December December NNP 31627 575 26 , , , 31627 575 27 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 575 28 by by IN 31627 575 29 terrific terrific JJ 31627 575 30 noises noise NNS 31627 575 31 from from IN 31627 575 32 within within IN 31627 575 33 the the DT 31627 575 34 interior interior NN 31627 575 35 of of IN 31627 575 36 the the DT 31627 575 37 mountain mountain NN 31627 575 38 . . . 31627 576 1 The the DT 31627 576 2 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 576 3 of of IN 31627 576 4 the the DT 31627 576 5 coast coast NN 31627 576 6 were be VBD 31627 576 7 thus thus RB 31627 576 8 warned warn VBN 31627 576 9 of of IN 31627 576 10 the the DT 31627 576 11 approaching approach VBG 31627 576 12 danger danger NN 31627 576 13 , , , 31627 576 14 and and CC 31627 576 15 had have VBD 31627 576 16 several several JJ 31627 576 17 days day NNS 31627 576 18 to to TO 31627 576 19 arrange arrange VB 31627 576 20 for for IN 31627 576 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 576 22 safety safety NN 31627 576 23 ; ; : 31627 576 24 but but CC 31627 576 25 in in IN 31627 576 26 the the DT 31627 576 27 end end NN 31627 576 28 , , , 31627 576 29 a a DT 31627 576 30 great great JJ 31627 576 31 part part NN 31627 576 32 of of IN 31627 576 33 Torre Torre NNP 31627 576 34 del del NNP 31627 576 35 Greco Greco NNP 31627 576 36 was be VBD 31627 576 37 destroyed destroy VBN 31627 576 38 , , , 31627 576 39 and and CC 31627 576 40 a a DT 31627 576 41 like like JJ 31627 576 42 fate fate NN 31627 576 43 overtook overtake VBD 31627 576 44 Resina Resina NNP 31627 576 45 and and CC 31627 576 46 Granatello Granatello NNP 31627 576 47 , , , 31627 576 48 with with IN 31627 576 49 a a DT 31627 576 50 loss loss NN 31627 576 51 of of IN 31627 576 52 life life NN 31627 576 53 reported report VBD 31627 576 54 at at IN 31627 576 55 18,000 18,000 CD 31627 576 56 persons person NNS 31627 576 57 . . . 31627 577 1 During during IN 31627 577 2 the the DT 31627 577 3 eruption eruption NN 31627 577 4 clouds cloud NNS 31627 577 5 condensed condense VBN 31627 577 6 into into IN 31627 577 7 tempests tempest NNS 31627 577 8 of of IN 31627 577 9 rain rain NN 31627 577 10 , , , 31627 577 11 and and CC 31627 577 12 hot hot JJ 31627 577 13 water water NN 31627 577 14 from from IN 31627 577 15 the the DT 31627 577 16 mountain mountain NN 31627 577 17 , , , 31627 577 18 forming form VBG 31627 577 19 deluges deluge NNS 31627 577 20 of of IN 31627 577 21 mud mud NN 31627 577 22 , , , 31627 577 23 swept sweep VBD 31627 577 24 down down RP 31627 577 25 the the DT 31627 577 26 sides side NNS 31627 577 27 , , , 31627 577 28 and and CC 31627 577 29 reached reach VBD 31627 577 30 even even RB 31627 577 31 to to IN 31627 577 32 Nola Nola NNP 31627 577 33 and and CC 31627 577 34 the the DT 31627 577 35 Apennines Apennines NNPS 31627 577 36 . . . 31627 578 1 Nor nor CC 31627 578 2 was be VBD 31627 578 3 the the DT 31627 578 4 sea sea NN 31627 578 5 unmoved unmoved JJ 31627 578 6 . . . 31627 579 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 579 2 retired retire VBD 31627 579 3 during during IN 31627 579 4 the the DT 31627 579 5 violent violent JJ 31627 579 6 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 579 7 , , , 31627 579 8 and and CC 31627 579 9 then then RB 31627 579 10 returned return VBD 31627 579 11 full full JJ 31627 579 12 thirty thirty CD 31627 579 13 paces pace NNS 31627 579 14 beyond beyond IN 31627 579 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 579 16 former former JJ 31627 579 17 limits limit NNS 31627 579 18 . . . 31627 580 1 Not not RB 31627 580 2 indeed indeed RB 31627 580 3 until until IN 31627 580 4 near near IN 31627 580 5 the the DT 31627 580 6 close close NN 31627 580 7 of of IN 31627 580 8 the the DT 31627 580 9 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 31627 580 10 century century NN 31627 580 11 is be VBZ 31627 580 12 there there EX 31627 580 13 any any DT 31627 580 14 evidence evidence NN 31627 580 15 that that IN 31627 580 16 the the DT 31627 580 17 central central JJ 31627 580 18 cone cone NN 31627 580 19 of of IN 31627 580 20 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 580 21 was be VBD 31627 580 22 in in IN 31627 580 23 existence existence NN 31627 580 24 ; ; : 31627 580 25 but but CC 31627 580 26 in in IN 31627 580 27 October October NNP 31627 580 28 1685 1685 CD 31627 580 29 an an DT 31627 580 30 eruption eruption NN 31627 580 31 occurred occur VBD 31627 580 32 which which WDT 31627 580 33 is be VBZ 31627 580 34 recorded record VBN 31627 580 35 by by IN 31627 580 36 Sorrentino Sorrentino NNP 31627 580 37 , , , 31627 580 38 during during IN 31627 580 39 which which WDT 31627 580 40 was be VBD 31627 580 41 erected erect VBN 31627 580 42 " " `` 31627 580 43 a a DT 31627 580 44 new new JJ 31627 580 45 mountain mountain NN 31627 580 46 within within IN 31627 580 47 , , , 31627 580 48 and and CC 31627 580 49 higher high JJR 31627 580 50 than than IN 31627 580 51 the the DT 31627 580 52 old old JJ 31627 580 53 one one CD 31627 580 54 , , , 31627 580 55 and and CC 31627 580 56 visible visible JJ 31627 580 57 from from IN 31627 580 58 Naples Naples NNP 31627 580 59 , , , 31627 580 60 " " '' 31627 580 61 a a DT 31627 580 62 statement statement NN 31627 580 63 evidently evidently RB 31627 580 64 referable referable VB 31627 580 65 to to IN 31627 580 66 the the DT 31627 580 67 existing exist VBG 31627 580 68 cone cone NN 31627 580 69 -- -- : 31627 580 70 so so IN 31627 580 71 that that IN 31627 580 72 it -PRON- PRP 31627 580 73 is be VBZ 31627 580 74 little little RB 31627 580 75 more more JJR 31627 580 76 than than IN 31627 580 77 two two CD 31627 580 78 centuries century NNS 31627 580 79 since since IN 31627 580 80 this this DT 31627 580 81 famous famous JJ 31627 580 82 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 580 83 mountain mountain NN 31627 580 84 assumed assume VBD 31627 580 85 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 580 86 present present JJ 31627 580 87 form form NN 31627 580 88 . . . 31627 581 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 581 2 _ _ NNP 31627 581 3 h. h. NNP 31627 581 4 _ _ NNP 31627 581 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 581 6 _ _ NNP 31627 581 7 Eruptions Eruptions NNPS 31627 581 8 between between IN 31627 581 9 the the DT 31627 581 10 years year NNS 31627 581 11 1500 1500 CD 31627 581 12 and and CC 31627 581 13 1800._--Since 1800._--since CD 31627 581 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 31627 581 15 1500 1500 CD 31627 581 16 there there EX 31627 581 17 have have VBP 31627 581 18 been be VBN 31627 581 19 fifty fifty CD 31627 581 20 - - HYPH 31627 581 21 six six CD 31627 581 22 recorded record VBN 31627 581 23 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 581 24 of of IN 31627 581 25 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 581 26 ; ; : 31627 581 27 one one CD 31627 581 28 of of IN 31627 581 29 these these DT 31627 581 30 in in IN 31627 581 31 1767 1767 CD 31627 581 32 was be VBD 31627 581 33 of of IN 31627 581 34 terrific terrific JJ 31627 581 35 violence violence NN 31627 581 36 and and CC 31627 581 37 destructiveness destructiveness NN 31627 581 38 , , , 31627 581 39 and and CC 31627 581 40 is be VBZ 31627 581 41 represented represent VBN 31627 581 42 by by IN 31627 581 43 Sir Sir NNP 31627 581 44 William William NNP 31627 581 45 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 31627 581 46 in in IN 31627 581 47 views view NNS 31627 581 48 taken take VBN 31627 581 49 both both CC 31627 581 50 before before IN 31627 581 51 and and CC 31627 581 52 during during IN 31627 581 53 the the DT 31627 581 54 eruption eruption NN 31627 581 55 . . . 31627 582 1 A a DT 31627 582 2 pen pen VB 31627 582 3 - - HYPH 31627 582 4 and and CC 31627 582 5 - - HYPH 31627 582 6 ink ink NN 31627 582 7 drawing drawing NN 31627 582 8 of of IN 31627 582 9 the the DT 31627 582 10 appearance appearance NN 31627 582 11 of of IN 31627 582 12 the the DT 31627 582 13 crater crater NN 31627 582 14 before before IN 31627 582 15 the the DT 31627 582 16 eruption eruption NN 31627 582 17 is be VBZ 31627 582 18 here here RB 31627 582 19 reproduced reproduce VBN 31627 582 20 from from IN 31627 582 21 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 31627 582 22 's 's POS 31627 582 23 picture picture NN 31627 582 24 , , , 31627 582 25 from from IN 31627 582 26 which which WDT 31627 582 27 it -PRON- PRP 31627 582 28 will will MD 31627 582 29 be be VB 31627 582 30 seen see VBN 31627 582 31 that that IN 31627 582 32 the the DT 31627 582 33 central central JJ 31627 582 34 crater crater NN 31627 582 35 contained contain VBD 31627 582 36 within within IN 31627 582 37 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 582 38 a a DT 31627 582 39 second second JJ 31627 582 40 crater crater NN 31627 582 41 - - HYPH 31627 582 42 cone cone NN 31627 582 43 , , , 31627 582 44 from from IN 31627 582 45 whence whence NN 31627 582 46 steam steam NN 31627 582 47 , , , 31627 582 48 lava lava NN 31627 582 49 , , , 31627 582 50 and and CC 31627 582 51 stones stone NNS 31627 582 52 were be VBD 31627 582 53 being be VBG 31627 582 54 erupted erupt VBN 31627 582 55 ( ( -LRB- 31627 582 56 Fig fig NN 31627 582 57 . . . 31627 583 1 7 7 LS 31627 583 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 583 3 . . . 31627 584 1 Thus thus RB 31627 584 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 584 3 will will MD 31627 584 4 be be VB 31627 584 5 seen see VBN 31627 584 6 that that IN 31627 584 7 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 584 8 at at IN 31627 584 9 this this DT 31627 584 10 epoch epoch NN 31627 584 11 consisted consist VBD 31627 584 12 of of IN 31627 584 13 three three CD 31627 584 14 crater crater NN 31627 584 15 - - , 31627 584 16 cones cone NNS 31627 584 17 within within IN 31627 584 18 each each DT 31627 584 19 other other JJ 31627 584 20 . . . 31627 585 1 The the DT 31627 585 2 first first JJ 31627 585 3 , , , 31627 585 4 Monte Monte NNP 31627 585 5 di di NNP 31627 585 6 Somma Somma NNP 31627 585 7 ; ; : 31627 585 8 the the DT 31627 585 9 second second JJ 31627 585 10 , , , 31627 585 11 the the DT 31627 585 12 cone cone NN 31627 585 13 of of IN 31627 585 14 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 585 15 ; ; : 31627 585 16 and and CC 31627 585 17 the the DT 31627 585 18 third third JJ 31627 585 19 , , , 31627 585 20 the the DT 31627 585 21 little little JJ 31627 585 22 crater crater NN 31627 585 23 - - HYPH 31627 585 24 cone cone NN 31627 585 25 within within IN 31627 585 26 the the DT 31627 585 27 second second JJ 31627 585 28 . . . 31627 586 1 During during IN 31627 586 2 this this DT 31627 586 3 eruption eruption NN 31627 586 4 , , , 31627 586 5 vast vast JJ 31627 586 6 lava lava NN 31627 586 7 - - HYPH 31627 586 8 sheets sheet NNS 31627 586 9 invaded invade VBD 31627 586 10 the the DT 31627 586 11 fields field NNS 31627 586 12 and and CC 31627 586 13 vineyards vineyard NNS 31627 586 14 on on IN 31627 586 15 the the DT 31627 586 16 flanks flank NNS 31627 586 17 of of IN 31627 586 18 the the DT 31627 586 19 mountain mountain NN 31627 586 20 . . . 31627 587 1 A a DT 31627 587 2 vivid vivid JJ 31627 587 3 account account NN 31627 587 4 of of IN 31627 587 5 this this DT 31627 587 6 eruption eruption NN 31627 587 7 , , , 31627 587 8 as as IN 31627 587 9 witnessed witness VBN 31627 587 10 by by IN 31627 587 11 Padre Padre NNP 31627 587 12 Torre Torre NNP 31627 587 13 , , , 31627 587 14 is be VBZ 31627 587 15 given give VBN 31627 587 16 by by IN 31627 587 17 Professor Professor NNP 31627 587 18 Phillips Phillips NNP 31627 587 19 . . . 31627 588 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 588 2 8 8 CD 31627 588 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 588 4 We -PRON- PRP 31627 588 5 shall shall MD 31627 588 6 pass pass VB 31627 588 7 over over RP 31627 588 8 others other NNS 31627 588 9 without without IN 31627 588 10 further further JJ 31627 588 11 reference reference NN 31627 588 12 until until IN 31627 588 13 we -PRON- PRP 31627 588 14 come come VBP 31627 588 15 down down RP 31627 588 16 to to IN 31627 588 17 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 588 18 own own JJ 31627 588 19 times time NNS 31627 588 20 , , , 31627 588 21 in in IN 31627 588 22 which which WDT 31627 588 23 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 588 24 has have VBZ 31627 588 25 resumed resume VBN 31627 588 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 588 27 old old JJ 31627 588 28 character character NN 31627 588 29 , , , 31627 588 30 and and CC 31627 588 31 in in IN 31627 588 32 one one CD 31627 588 33 grand grand JJ 31627 588 34 exhibition exhibition NN 31627 588 35 of of IN 31627 588 36 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 588 37 energy energy NN 31627 588 38 , , , 31627 588 39 which which WDT 31627 588 40 took take VBD 31627 588 41 place place NN 31627 588 42 in in IN 31627 588 43 1872 1872 CD 31627 588 44 , , , 31627 588 45 has have VBZ 31627 588 46 evinced evince VBN 31627 588 47 to to IN 31627 588 48 the the DT 31627 588 49 world world NN 31627 588 50 that that IN 31627 588 51 it -PRON- PRP 31627 588 52 still still RB 31627 588 53 contains contain VBZ 31627 588 54 within within IN 31627 588 55 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 588 56 deep deep JJ 31627 588 57 - - HYPH 31627 588 58 seated seat VBN 31627 588 59 laboratory laboratory NN 31627 588 60 all all PDT 31627 588 61 the the DT 31627 588 62 elements element NNS 31627 588 63 of of IN 31627 588 64 destructive destructive JJ 31627 588 65 force force NN 31627 588 66 which which WDT 31627 588 67 it -PRON- PRP 31627 588 68 exhibited exhibit VBD 31627 588 69 at at IN 31627 588 70 the the DT 31627 588 71 commencement commencement NN 31627 588 72 of of IN 31627 588 73 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 588 74 era era NN 31627 588 75 . . . 31627 589 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 589 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 589 3 : : : 31627 589 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 589 5 . . . 31627 590 1 7.--View 7.--view CD 31627 590 2 of of IN 31627 590 3 the the DT 31627 590 4 crater crater NN 31627 590 5 of of IN 31627 590 6 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 590 7 before before IN 31627 590 8 the the DT 31627 590 9 eruption eruption NN 31627 590 10 of of IN 31627 590 11 1767 1767 CD 31627 590 12 , , , 31627 590 13 showing show VBG 31627 590 14 an an DT 31627 590 15 interior interior JJ 31627 590 16 crater crater NN 31627 590 17 - - HYPH 31627 590 18 cone cone NN 31627 590 19 rising rise VBG 31627 590 20 from from IN 31627 590 21 the the DT 31627 590 22 centre centre NN 31627 590 23 of of IN 31627 590 24 the the DT 31627 590 25 exterior exterior NN 31627 590 26 crater.--(After crater.--(After : 31627 590 27 Sir Sir NNP 31627 590 28 W. W. NNP 31627 591 1 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 31627 591 2 . . . 31627 591 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 591 4 ] ] -RRB- 31627 592 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 592 2 _ _ NNP 31627 592 3 i. i. NNP 31627 592 4 _ _ NNP 31627 592 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 592 6 _ _ NNP 31627 592 7 Structure Structure NNP 31627 592 8 of of IN 31627 592 9 the the DT 31627 592 10 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP 31627 592 11 Campagna._--But campagna._--but CD 31627 592 12 before before IN 31627 592 13 giving give VBG 31627 592 14 a a DT 31627 592 15 description description NN 31627 592 16 of of IN 31627 592 17 this this DT 31627 592 18 terrific terrific JJ 31627 592 19 outburst outburst NN 31627 592 20 of of IN 31627 592 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 592 22 energy energy NN 31627 592 23 , , , 31627 592 24 it -PRON- PRP 31627 592 25 may may MD 31627 592 26 be be VB 31627 592 27 desirable desirable JJ 31627 592 28 to to TO 31627 592 29 give give VB 31627 592 30 some some DT 31627 592 31 account account NN 31627 592 32 of of IN 31627 592 33 the the DT 31627 592 34 physical physical JJ 31627 592 35 position position NN 31627 592 36 and and CC 31627 592 37 structure structure NN 31627 592 38 of of IN 31627 592 39 this this DT 31627 592 40 mountain mountain NN 31627 592 41 , , , 31627 592 42 by by IN 31627 592 43 which which WDT 31627 592 44 the the DT 31627 592 45 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 592 46 of of IN 31627 592 47 the the DT 31627 592 48 eruption eruption NN 31627 592 49 will will MD 31627 592 50 be be VB 31627 592 51 better well RBR 31627 592 52 understood understand VBN 31627 592 53 . . . 31627 593 1 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 593 2 and and CC 31627 593 3 the the DT 31627 593 4 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP 31627 593 5 Campagna Campagna NNP 31627 593 6 are be VBP 31627 593 7 formed form VBN 31627 593 8 of of IN 31627 593 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 593 10 materials material NNS 31627 593 11 bounded bound VBN 31627 593 12 on on IN 31627 593 13 the the DT 31627 593 14 west west NN 31627 593 15 by by IN 31627 593 16 the the DT 31627 593 17 Gulf Gulf NNP 31627 593 18 of of IN 31627 593 19 Naples Naples NNP 31627 593 20 , , , 31627 593 21 and and CC 31627 593 22 on on IN 31627 593 23 the the DT 31627 593 24 east east NN 31627 593 25 and and CC 31627 593 26 south south NN 31627 593 27 by by IN 31627 593 28 ranges range NNS 31627 593 29 of of IN 31627 593 30 Jurassic Jurassic NNP 31627 593 31 limestone limestone NN 31627 593 32 , , , 31627 593 33 a a DT 31627 593 34 prolongation prolongation NN 31627 593 35 of of IN 31627 593 36 the the DT 31627 593 37 Apennines Apennines NNPS 31627 593 38 , , , 31627 593 39 which which WDT 31627 593 40 send send VBP 31627 593 41 out out RP 31627 593 42 a a DT 31627 593 43 spur spur NN 31627 593 44 bounding bound VBG 31627 593 45 the the DT 31627 593 46 bay bay NN 31627 593 47 on on IN 31627 593 48 the the DT 31627 593 49 south south NN 31627 593 50 , , , 31627 593 51 and and CC 31627 593 52 forming form VBG 31627 593 53 the the DT 31627 593 54 promontory promontory NN 31627 593 55 of of IN 31627 593 56 Sorrento Sorrento NNP 31627 593 57 . . . 31627 594 1 The the DT 31627 594 2 little little JJ 31627 594 3 island island NN 31627 594 4 of of IN 31627 594 5 Capri Capri NNP 31627 594 6 is be VBZ 31627 594 7 also also RB 31627 594 8 formed form VBN 31627 594 9 of of IN 31627 594 10 limestone limestone NN 31627 594 11 , , , 31627 594 12 and and CC 31627 594 13 is be VBZ 31627 594 14 dissevered dissever VBN 31627 594 15 from from IN 31627 594 16 the the DT 31627 594 17 promontory promontory NN 31627 594 18 by by IN 31627 594 19 a a DT 31627 594 20 narrow narrow JJ 31627 594 21 channel channel NN 31627 594 22 . . . 31627 595 1 The the DT 31627 595 2 northern northern JJ 31627 595 3 side side NN 31627 595 4 of of IN 31627 595 5 the the DT 31627 595 6 bay bay NN 31627 595 7 is be VBZ 31627 595 8 , , , 31627 595 9 however however RB 31627 595 10 , , , 31627 595 11 formed form VBN 31627 595 12 of of IN 31627 595 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 595 14 materials material NNS 31627 595 15 ; ; : 31627 595 16 it -PRON- PRP 31627 595 17 includes include VBZ 31627 595 18 the the DT 31627 595 19 Phlegræan Phlegræan NNP 31627 595 20 Fields Fields NNPS 31627 595 21 ( ( -LRB- 31627 595 22 Campi Campi NNP 31627 595 23 Phlegræi Phlegræi NNP 31627 595 24 ) ) -RRB- 31627 595 25 , , , 31627 595 26 and and CC 31627 595 27 terminates terminate NNS 31627 595 28 in in IN 31627 595 29 the the DT 31627 595 30 promontory promontory NN 31627 595 31 of of IN 31627 595 32 Miseno Miseno NNP 31627 595 33 . . . 31627 596 1 Lying lie VBG 31627 596 2 in in IN 31627 596 3 the the DT 31627 596 4 same same JJ 31627 596 5 direction direction NN 31627 596 6 are be VBP 31627 596 7 the the DT 31627 596 8 islands island NNS 31627 596 9 of of IN 31627 596 10 Procida Procida NNP 31627 596 11 and and CC 31627 596 12 Ischia Ischia NNP 31627 596 13 , , , 31627 596 14 also also RB 31627 596 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 596 16 . . . 31627 597 1 Hence hence RB 31627 597 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 597 3 will will MD 31627 597 4 be be VB 31627 597 5 seen see VBN 31627 597 6 that that IN 31627 597 7 the the DT 31627 597 8 two two CD 31627 597 9 horns horn NNS 31627 597 10 of of IN 31627 597 11 the the DT 31627 597 12 bay bay NN 31627 597 13 are be VBP 31627 597 14 formed form VBN 31627 597 15 of of IN 31627 597 16 entirely entirely RB 31627 597 17 different different JJ 31627 597 18 materials material NNS 31627 597 19 , , , 31627 597 20 that that DT 31627 597 21 of of IN 31627 597 22 Miseno Miseno NNP 31627 597 23 on on IN 31627 597 24 the the DT 31627 597 25 north north NN 31627 597 26 being be VBG 31627 597 27 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 597 28 , , , 31627 597 29 that that DT 31627 597 30 of of IN 31627 597 31 Sorrento Sorrento NNP 31627 597 32 on on IN 31627 597 33 the the DT 31627 597 34 south south NN 31627 597 35 being be VBG 31627 597 36 composed compose VBN 31627 597 37 of of IN 31627 597 38 Jurassic Jurassic NNP 31627 597 39 limestone limestone NN 31627 597 40 , , , 31627 597 41 of of IN 31627 597 42 an an DT 31627 597 43 age age NN 31627 597 44 vastly vastly RB 31627 597 45 more more RBR 31627 597 46 ancient ancient JJ 31627 597 47 than than IN 31627 597 48 the the DT 31627 597 49 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 597 50 rocks rock NNS 31627 597 51 on on IN 31627 597 52 the the DT 31627 597 53 opposite opposite JJ 31627 597 54 shore shore NN 31627 597 55 . . . 31627 598 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 598 2 Map Map NNP 31627 598 3 , , , 31627 598 4 p. p. NN 31627 599 1 52 52 CD 31627 599 2 . . . 31627 599 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 600 1 The the DT 31627 600 2 general general JJ 31627 600 3 composition composition NN 31627 600 4 of of IN 31627 600 5 the the DT 31627 600 6 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP 31627 600 7 Campagna Campagna NNP 31627 600 8 , , , 31627 600 9 from from IN 31627 600 10 which which WDT 31627 600 11 the the DT 31627 600 12 mountain mountain NN 31627 600 13 rises rise VBZ 31627 600 14 , , , 31627 600 15 has have VBZ 31627 600 16 been be VBN 31627 600 17 revealed reveal VBN 31627 600 18 by by IN 31627 600 19 means mean NNS 31627 600 20 of of IN 31627 600 21 the the DT 31627 600 22 Artesian artesian JJ 31627 600 23 well well UH 31627 600 24 sunk sink VBN 31627 600 25 to to IN 31627 600 26 a a DT 31627 600 27 depth depth NN 31627 600 28 of of IN 31627 600 29 about about RB 31627 600 30 500 500 CD 31627 600 31 metres metre NNS 31627 600 32 ( ( -LRB- 31627 600 33 1640 1640 CD 31627 600 34 feet foot NNS 31627 600 35 ) ) -RRB- 31627 600 36 at at IN 31627 600 37 the the DT 31627 600 38 Royal Royal NNP 31627 600 39 Palace Palace NNP 31627 600 40 of of IN 31627 600 41 Naples Naples NNP 31627 600 42 , , , 31627 600 43 and and CC 31627 600 44 may may MD 31627 600 45 be be VB 31627 600 46 generalised generalise VBN 31627 600 47 as as IN 31627 600 48 follows:-- follows:-- '' 31627 600 49 { { -LRB- 31627 600 50 Recent recent JJ 31627 600 51 beds bed NNS 31627 600 52 of of IN 31627 600 53 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 600 54 tuff tuff NNP 31627 600 55 ( ( -LRB- 31627 600 56 1 1 CD 31627 600 57 ) ) -RRB- 31627 600 58 From from IN 31627 600 59 surface surface NN 31627 600 60 to to IN 31627 600 61 depth depth NN 31627 600 62 of of IN 31627 600 63 { { -LRB- 31627 600 64 with with IN 31627 600 65 marine marine JJ 31627 600 66 shells shell NNS 31627 600 67 , , , 31627 600 68 and and CC 31627 600 69 containing contain VBG 31627 600 70 715 715 CD 31627 600 71 feet foot NNS 31627 600 72 { { -LRB- 31627 600 73 fragments fragment NNS 31627 600 74 of of IN 31627 600 75 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 600 76 { { -LRB- 31627 600 77 lava lava NN 31627 600 78 , , , 31627 600 79 etc etc FW 31627 600 80 . . . 31627 601 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 601 2 _ _ NNP 31627 601 3 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 601 4 Beds Beds NNP 31627 601 5 _ _ NNP 31627 601 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 601 7 . . . 31627 602 1 { { -LRB- 31627 602 2 Bituminous bituminous JJ 31627 602 3 sands sand NNS 31627 602 4 and and CC 31627 602 5 marls marl NNS 31627 602 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 602 7 2 2 LS 31627 602 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 602 9 From from IN 31627 602 10 715 715 CD 31627 602 11 to to IN 31627 602 12 1420 1420 CD 31627 602 13 { { -LRB- 31627 602 14 with with IN 31627 602 15 marine marine JJ 31627 602 16 shells shell NNS 31627 602 17 of of IN 31627 602 18 recent recent JJ 31627 602 19 { { -LRB- 31627 602 20 species species NN 31627 602 21 ( ( -LRB- 31627 602 22 ? ? . 31627 602 23 ) ) -RRB- 31627 603 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 603 2 _ _ NNP 31627 603 3 Pre Pre NNP 31627 603 4 - - JJ 31627 603 5 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 603 6 Beds Beds NNPS 31627 603 7 _ _ NNP 31627 603 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 603 9 . . . 31627 604 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 604 2 3 3 LS 31627 604 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 604 4 From from IN 31627 604 5 1420 1420 CD 31627 604 6 to to IN 31627 604 7 1574 1574 CD 31627 604 8 { { -LRB- 31627 604 9 EOCENE EOCENE NNP 31627 604 10 BEDS BEDS NNP 31627 604 11 . . . 31627 605 1 Micaceous micaceous JJ 31627 605 2 sandstone sandstone NN 31627 605 3 { { -LRB- 31627 605 4 and and CC 31627 605 5 marl marl NNP 31627 605 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 605 7 _ _ NNP 31627 605 8 Macigno Macigno NNP 31627 605 9 _ _ NNP 31627 605 10 ) ) -RRB- 31627 605 11 . . . 31627 606 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 606 2 4 4 LS 31627 606 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 606 4 From from IN 31627 606 5 1574 1574 CD 31627 606 6 to to IN 31627 606 7 bottom bottom NN 31627 606 8 { { -LRB- 31627 606 9 JURASSIC JURASSIC NNP 31627 606 10 BEDS BEDS NNP 31627 606 11 . . . 31627 607 1 Apennine Apennine NNP 31627 607 2 { { -LRB- 31627 607 3 Limestone Limestone NNP 31627 607 4 . . . 31627 608 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 608 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 608 3 : : : 31627 608 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 608 5 . . . 31627 609 1 8.--Map 8.--map CD 31627 609 2 of of IN 31627 609 3 the the DT 31627 609 4 district district NN 31627 609 5 bordering border VBG 31627 609 6 the the DT 31627 609 7 Bay Bay NNP 31627 609 8 of of IN 31627 609 9 Naples Naples NNP 31627 609 10 , , , 31627 609 11 with with IN 31627 609 12 the the DT 31627 609 13 islands island NNS 31627 609 14 of of IN 31627 609 15 Capri Capri NNP 31627 609 16 , , , 31627 609 17 Ischia Ischia NNP 31627 609 18 , , , 31627 609 19 and and CC 31627 609 20 Procida Procida NNP 31627 609 21 . . . 31627 609 22 ] ] -RRB- 31627 610 1 From from IN 31627 610 2 the the DT 31627 610 3 above above JJ 31627 610 4 section section NN 31627 610 5 , , , 31627 610 6 for for IN 31627 610 7 which which WDT 31627 610 8 we -PRON- PRP 31627 610 9 are be VBP 31627 610 10 indebted indebted JJ 31627 610 11 to to IN 31627 610 12 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 610 13 Johnston Johnston NNP 31627 610 14 - - HYPH 31627 610 15 Lavis Lavis NNP 31627 610 16 , , , 31627 610 17 the the DT 31627 610 18 most most RBS 31627 610 19 recent recent JJ 31627 610 20 writer writer NN 31627 610 21 on on IN 31627 610 22 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 610 23 , , , 31627 610 24 it -PRON- PRP 31627 610 25 would would MD 31627 610 26 appear appear VB 31627 610 27 that that IN 31627 610 28 the the DT 31627 610 29 first first JJ 31627 610 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 610 31 explosions explosion NNS 31627 610 32 by by IN 31627 610 33 which which WDT 31627 610 34 the the DT 31627 610 35 mountain mountain NN 31627 610 36 was be VBD 31627 610 37 ultimately ultimately RB 31627 610 38 to to TO 31627 610 39 be be VB 31627 610 40 built build VBN 31627 610 41 up up RP 31627 610 42 took take VBD 31627 610 43 place place NN 31627 610 44 after after IN 31627 610 45 the the DT 31627 610 46 deposition deposition NN 31627 610 47 of of IN 31627 610 48 the the DT 31627 610 49 sands sand NNS 31627 610 50 and and CC 31627 610 51 marls marl NNS 31627 610 52 ( ( -LRB- 31627 610 53 No no UH 31627 610 54 . . . 31627 611 1 2 2 LS 31627 611 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 611 3 , , , 31627 611 4 while while IN 31627 611 5 the the DT 31627 611 6 whole whole JJ 31627 611 7 Campagna Campagna NNP 31627 611 8 was be VBD 31627 611 9 submerged submerge VBN 31627 611 10 under under IN 31627 611 11 the the DT 31627 611 12 waters water NNS 31627 611 13 of of IN 31627 611 14 the the DT 31627 611 15 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 611 16 . . . 31627 612 1 By by IN 31627 612 2 the the DT 31627 612 3 accumulation accumulation NN 31627 612 4 of of IN 31627 612 5 the the DT 31627 612 6 stratified stratified JJ 31627 612 7 tuff tuff NNP 31627 612 8 ( ( -LRB- 31627 612 9 No no UH 31627 612 10 . . . 31627 613 1 1 1 LS 31627 613 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 613 3 , , , 31627 613 4 the the DT 31627 613 5 sea sea NN 31627 613 6 - - HYPH 31627 613 7 bed bed NN 31627 613 8 was be VBD 31627 613 9 gradually gradually RB 31627 613 10 filled fill VBN 31627 613 11 up up RP 31627 613 12 during during IN 31627 613 13 a a DT 31627 613 14 period period NN 31627 613 15 of of IN 31627 613 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 613 17 activity activity NN 31627 613 18 , , , 31627 613 19 and and CC 31627 613 20 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 613 21 elevated elevate VBN 31627 613 22 into into IN 31627 613 23 dry dry JJ 31627 613 24 land land NN 31627 613 25 . . . 31627 614 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 614 2 9 9 CD 31627 614 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 614 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 614 5 Illustration illustration NN 31627 614 6 : : : 31627 614 7 Fig Fig NNP 31627 614 8 . . . 31627 615 1 9.--View 9.--view CD 31627 615 2 of of IN 31627 615 3 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 615 4 from from IN 31627 615 5 the the DT 31627 615 6 Harbour Harbour NNP 31627 615 7 of of IN 31627 615 8 Naples Naples NNP 31627 615 9 at at IN 31627 615 10 the the DT 31627 615 11 commencement commencement NN 31627 615 12 of of IN 31627 615 13 the the DT 31627 615 14 eruption eruption NN 31627 615 15 of of IN 31627 615 16 1872.--(From 1872.--(from CD 31627 615 17 a a DT 31627 615 18 sketch sketch NN 31627 615 19 by by IN 31627 615 20 the the DT 31627 615 21 author author NN 31627 615 22 . . . 31627 615 23 ) ) -RRB- 31627 615 24 ] ] -RRB- 31627 616 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 616 2 _ _ NNP 31627 616 3 j. j. NNP 31627 616 4 _ _ NNP 31627 616 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 616 6 _ _ NNP 31627 616 7 Present Present NNP 31627 616 8 Form Form NNP 31627 616 9 and and CC 31627 616 10 Structure Structure NNP 31627 616 11 of of IN 31627 616 12 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 616 13 and and CC 31627 616 14 Somma._--The somma._--the DT 31627 616 15 outer outer JJ 31627 616 16 cone cone NN 31627 616 17 of of IN 31627 616 18 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 616 19 , , , 31627 616 20 or or CC 31627 616 21 Monte Monte NNP 31627 616 22 di di NNP 31627 616 23 Somma Somma NNP 31627 616 24 , , , 31627 616 25 rises rise VBZ 31627 616 26 from from IN 31627 616 27 a a DT 31627 616 28 circular circular JJ 31627 616 29 platform platform NN 31627 616 30 by by IN 31627 616 31 a a DT 31627 616 32 moderately moderately RB 31627 616 33 gentle gentle JJ 31627 616 34 ascent ascent NN 31627 616 35 , , , 31627 616 36 and and CC 31627 616 37 along along IN 31627 616 38 the the DT 31627 616 39 north north NN 31627 616 40 and and CC 31627 616 41 east east NN 31627 616 42 terminates terminate NNS 31627 616 43 in in IN 31627 616 44 a a DT 31627 616 45 craggy craggy NN 31627 616 46 crest crest NN 31627 616 47 , , , 31627 616 48 with with IN 31627 616 49 a a DT 31627 616 50 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 616 51 cliff cliff NN 31627 616 52 descending descend VBG 31627 616 53 into into IN 31627 616 54 the the DT 31627 616 55 Atria Atria NNP 31627 616 56 del del NNP 31627 616 57 Cavallo Cavallo NNP 31627 616 58 , , , 31627 616 59 forming form VBG 31627 616 60 the the DT 31627 616 61 wall wall NN 31627 616 62 of of IN 31627 616 63 the the DT 31627 616 64 ancient ancient JJ 31627 616 65 crater crater NN 31627 616 66 throughout throughout IN 31627 616 67 half half PDT 31627 616 68 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 616 69 circumference circumference NN 31627 616 70 ; ; : 31627 616 71 this this DT 31627 616 72 wall wall NN 31627 616 73 is be VBZ 31627 616 74 formed form VBN 31627 616 75 of of IN 31627 616 76 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 616 77 , , , 31627 616 78 ashes ashe NNS 31627 616 79 , , , 31627 616 80 and and CC 31627 616 81 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 616 82 , , , 31627 616 83 and and CC 31627 616 84 is be VBZ 31627 616 85 traversed traverse VBN 31627 616 86 by by IN 31627 616 87 numerous numerous JJ 31627 616 88 dykes dyke NNS 31627 616 89 of of IN 31627 616 90 lava lava NN 31627 616 91 . . . 31627 617 1 Along along IN 31627 617 2 the the DT 31627 617 3 west west NN 31627 617 4 and and CC 31627 617 5 south south NN 31627 617 6 this this DT 31627 617 7 old old JJ 31627 617 8 crater crater NN 31627 617 9 has have VBZ 31627 617 10 been be VBN 31627 617 11 broken break VBN 31627 617 12 down down RP 31627 617 13 ; ; : 31627 617 14 but but CC 31627 617 15 near near IN 31627 617 16 the the DT 31627 617 17 centre centre NN 31627 617 18 there there EX 31627 617 19 remains remain VBZ 31627 617 20 a a DT 31627 617 21 round round RB 31627 617 22 - - HYPH 31627 617 23 backed backed JJ 31627 617 24 ridge ridge NN 31627 617 25 of of IN 31627 617 26 similar similar JJ 31627 617 27 materials material NNS 31627 617 28 , , , 31627 617 29 once once RB 31627 617 30 doubtless doubtless RB 31627 617 31 a a DT 31627 617 32 part part NN 31627 617 33 of of IN 31627 617 34 the the DT 31627 617 35 original original JJ 31627 617 36 crater crater NN 31627 617 37 of of IN 31627 617 38 Somma Somma NNP 31627 617 39 , , , 31627 617 40 rising rise VBG 31627 617 41 above above IN 31627 617 42 the the DT 31627 617 43 slopes slope NNS 31627 617 44 of of IN 31627 617 45 lava lava NN 31627 617 46 on on IN 31627 617 47 either either DT 31627 617 48 hand hand NN 31627 617 49 . . . 31627 618 1 On on IN 31627 618 2 this this DT 31627 618 3 has have VBZ 31627 618 4 been be VBN 31627 618 5 erected erect VBN 31627 618 6 the the DT 31627 618 7 Royal Royal NNP 31627 618 8 Observatory Observatory NNP 31627 618 9 , , , 31627 618 10 under under IN 31627 618 11 the the DT 31627 618 12 superintendence superintendence NN 31627 618 13 of of IN 31627 618 14 Professor Professor NNP 31627 618 15 Luigi Luigi NNP 31627 618 16 Palmieri Palmieri NNP 31627 618 17 , , , 31627 618 18 where where WRB 31627 618 19 continuous continuous JJ 31627 618 20 observations observation NNS 31627 618 21 are be VBP 31627 618 22 being be VBG 31627 618 23 made make VBN 31627 618 24 , , , 31627 618 25 by by IN 31627 618 26 means mean NNS 31627 618 27 of of IN 31627 618 28 delicate delicate JJ 31627 618 29 seismometers seismometer NNS 31627 618 30 , , , 31627 618 31 of of IN 31627 618 32 the the DT 31627 618 33 earth earth NN 31627 618 34 - - HYPH 31627 618 35 tremors tremor NNS 31627 618 36 which which WDT 31627 618 37 precede precede VBP 31627 618 38 or or CC 31627 618 39 accompany accompany NN 31627 618 40 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 618 41 ; ; : 31627 618 42 for for IN 31627 618 43 it -PRON- PRP 31627 618 44 is be VBZ 31627 618 45 only only RB 31627 618 46 justice justice NN 31627 618 47 to to TO 31627 618 48 say say VB 31627 618 49 that that IN 31627 618 50 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 618 51 gives give VBZ 31627 618 52 fair fair JJ 31627 618 53 warning warning NN 31627 618 54 of of IN 31627 618 55 impending impend VBG 31627 618 56 mischief mischief NN 31627 618 57 , , , 31627 618 58 and and CC 31627 618 59 the the DT 31627 618 60 instruments instrument NNS 31627 618 61 are be VBP 31627 618 62 quick quick JJ 31627 618 63 to to TO 31627 618 64 notify notify VB 31627 618 65 any any DT 31627 618 66 premonitory premonitory JJ 31627 618 67 symptoms symptom NNS 31627 618 68 of of IN 31627 618 69 a a DT 31627 618 70 coming come VBG 31627 618 71 catastrophe catastrophe NN 31627 618 72 . . . 31627 619 1 The the DT 31627 619 2 elevation elevation NN 31627 619 3 of of IN 31627 619 4 the the DT 31627 619 5 Observatory Observatory NNP 31627 619 6 is be VBZ 31627 619 7 2080 2080 CD 31627 619 8 feet foot NNS 31627 619 9 above above IN 31627 619 10 the the DT 31627 619 11 sea sea NN 31627 619 12 . . . 31627 620 1 On on IN 31627 620 2 either either DT 31627 620 3 side side NN 31627 620 4 of of IN 31627 620 5 the the DT 31627 620 6 Observatory observatory JJ 31627 620 7 ridge ridge NN 31627 620 8 are be VBP 31627 620 9 wide wide JJ 31627 620 10 channels channel NNS 31627 620 11 filled fill VBN 31627 620 12 to to IN 31627 620 13 a a DT 31627 620 14 certain certain JJ 31627 620 15 height height NN 31627 620 16 with with IN 31627 620 17 lavas lavas NNP 31627 620 18 of of IN 31627 620 19 the the DT 31627 620 20 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 31627 620 21 and and CC 31627 620 22 preceding precede VBG 31627 620 23 centuries century NNS 31627 620 24 , , , 31627 620 25 the the DT 31627 620 26 most most RBS 31627 620 27 recent recent JJ 31627 620 28 presenting present VBG 31627 620 29 an an DT 31627 620 30 aspect aspect NN 31627 620 31 which which WDT 31627 620 32 can can MD 31627 620 33 only only RB 31627 620 34 be be VB 31627 620 35 compared compare VBN 31627 620 36 to to IN 31627 620 37 a a DT 31627 620 38 confused confused JJ 31627 620 39 multitude multitude NN 31627 620 40 of of IN 31627 620 41 black black JJ 31627 620 42 serpents serpent NNS 31627 620 43 and and CC 31627 620 44 pachyderms pachyderm NNS 31627 620 45 writhing writhe VBG 31627 620 46 and and CC 31627 620 47 interlocked interlock VBD 31627 620 48 in in IN 31627 620 49 some some DT 31627 620 50 frightful frightful JJ 31627 620 51 death death NN 31627 620 52 - - HYPH 31627 620 53 struggle struggle NN 31627 620 54 . . . 31627 621 1 Some some DT 31627 621 2 of of IN 31627 621 3 this this DT 31627 621 4 lava lava NN 31627 621 5 , , , 31627 621 6 ten ten CD 31627 621 7 years year NNS 31627 621 8 old old JJ 31627 621 9 , , , 31627 621 10 as as IN 31627 621 11 we -PRON- PRP 31627 621 12 cross cross VBP 31627 621 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 621 14 rugged rugged JJ 31627 621 15 and and CC 31627 621 16 black black JJ 31627 621 17 surface surface NN 31627 621 18 presents present NNS 31627 621 19 gaping gape VBG 31627 621 20 fissures fissure NNS 31627 621 21 , , , 31627 621 22 showing show VBG 31627 621 23 the the DT 31627 621 24 mass mass NN 31627 621 25 to to TO 31627 621 26 be be VB 31627 621 27 red red JJ 31627 621 28 - - HYPH 31627 621 29 hot hot JJ 31627 621 30 a a DT 31627 621 31 few few JJ 31627 621 32 feet foot NNS 31627 621 33 from from IN 31627 621 34 the the DT 31627 621 35 surface surface NN 31627 621 36 , , , 31627 621 37 so so RB 31627 621 38 slow slow JJ 31627 621 39 is be VBZ 31627 621 40 the the DT 31627 621 41 process process NN 31627 621 42 of of IN 31627 621 43 cooling cool VBG 31627 621 44 . . . 31627 622 1 These these DT 31627 622 2 lava lava NN 31627 622 3 - - HYPH 31627 622 4 streams stream NNS 31627 622 5 -- -- : 31627 622 6 some some DT 31627 622 7 of of IN 31627 622 8 them -PRON- PRP 31627 622 9 reaching reach VBG 31627 622 10 to to IN 31627 622 11 the the DT 31627 622 12 sea sea NN 31627 622 13 - - HYPH 31627 622 14 coast coast NN 31627 622 15 -- -- : 31627 622 16 have have VBP 31627 622 17 issued issue VBN 31627 622 18 forth forth RB 31627 622 19 from from IN 31627 622 20 the the DT 31627 622 21 Atria Atria NNP 31627 622 22 at at IN 31627 622 23 successive successive JJ 31627 622 24 periods period NNS 31627 622 25 of of IN 31627 622 26 eruption eruption NN 31627 622 27 . . . 31627 623 1 From from IN 31627 623 2 the the DT 31627 623 3 midst midst NN 31627 623 4 of of IN 31627 623 5 the the DT 31627 623 6 Atria Atria NNP 31627 623 7 rises rise VBZ 31627 623 8 the the DT 31627 623 9 central central JJ 31627 623 10 cone cone NN 31627 623 11 , , , 31627 623 12 formed form VBN 31627 623 13 of of IN 31627 623 14 cinders cinder NNS 31627 623 15 , , , 31627 623 16 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 623 17 , , , 31627 623 18 and and CC 31627 623 19 lava lava NN 31627 623 20 - - HYPH 31627 623 21 streams stream NNS 31627 623 22 , , , 31627 623 23 and and CC 31627 623 24 fissured fissure VBN 31627 623 25 along along IN 31627 623 26 lines line NNS 31627 623 27 radiating radiate VBG 31627 623 28 from from IN 31627 623 29 the the DT 31627 623 30 axis axi NNS 31627 623 31 . . . 31627 624 1 This this DT 31627 624 2 cone cone NN 31627 624 3 is be VBZ 31627 624 4 very very RB 31627 624 5 steep steep JJ 31627 624 6 , , , 31627 624 7 the the DT 31627 624 8 angle angle NN 31627 624 9 being be VBG 31627 624 10 about about RB 31627 624 11 40 40 CD 31627 624 12 ° ° NNS 31627 624 13 -45 -45 JJ 31627 624 14 ° ° NNS 31627 624 15 from from IN 31627 624 16 the the DT 31627 624 17 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 624 18 , , , 31627 624 19 and and CC 31627 624 20 is be VBZ 31627 624 21 formed form VBN 31627 624 22 of of IN 31627 624 23 loose loose JJ 31627 624 24 cindery cindery NN 31627 624 25 matter matter NN 31627 624 26 which which WDT 31627 624 27 gives give VBZ 31627 624 28 way way NN 31627 624 29 at at IN 31627 624 30 every every DT 31627 624 31 step step NN 31627 624 32 , , , 31627 624 33 and and CC 31627 624 34 is be VBZ 31627 624 35 rather rather RB 31627 624 36 difficult difficult JJ 31627 624 37 to to TO 31627 624 38 climb climb VB 31627 624 39 . . . 31627 625 1 But but CC 31627 625 2 on on IN 31627 625 3 reaching reach VBG 31627 625 4 the the DT 31627 625 5 summit summit NN 31627 625 6 we -PRON- PRP 31627 625 7 look look VBP 31627 625 8 down down RP 31627 625 9 into into IN 31627 625 10 the the DT 31627 625 11 crater crater NN 31627 625 12 , , , 31627 625 13 displaying display VBG 31627 625 14 a a DT 31627 625 15 scene scene NN 31627 625 16 of of IN 31627 625 17 ever ever RB 31627 625 18 - - HYPH 31627 625 19 varying vary VBG 31627 625 20 characters character NNS 31627 625 21 , , , 31627 625 22 rather rather RB 31627 625 23 oval oval NN 31627 625 24 in in IN 31627 625 25 form form NN 31627 625 26 , , , 31627 625 27 and and CC 31627 625 28 about about RB 31627 625 29 1100 1100 CD 31627 625 30 yards yard NNS 31627 625 31 in in IN 31627 625 32 diameter diameter NN 31627 625 33 . . . 31627 626 1 From from IN 31627 626 2 the the DT 31627 626 3 map map NN 31627 626 4 of of IN 31627 626 5 Professor Professor NNP 31627 626 6 Guiscardi Guiscardi NNP 31627 626 7 , , , 31627 626 8 published publish VBN 31627 626 9 in in IN 31627 626 10 1855 1855 CD 31627 626 11 , , , 31627 626 12 there there EX 31627 626 13 are be VBP 31627 626 14 seen see VBN 31627 626 15 two two CD 31627 626 16 minor minor JJ 31627 626 17 craters crater NNS 31627 626 18 within within IN 31627 626 19 the the DT 31627 626 20 central central JJ 31627 626 21 one one NN 31627 626 22 , , , 31627 626 23 formed form VBN 31627 626 24 in in IN 31627 626 25 1850 1850 CD 31627 626 26 , , , 31627 626 27 and and CC 31627 626 28 an an DT 31627 626 29 outflow outflow NN 31627 626 30 of of IN 31627 626 31 lava lava NN 31627 626 32 from from IN 31627 626 33 the the DT 31627 626 34 N.W. N.W. NNP 31627 627 1 down down IN 31627 627 2 the the DT 31627 627 3 cone cone NN 31627 627 4 . . . 31627 628 1 At at IN 31627 628 2 the the DT 31627 628 3 time time NN 31627 628 4 of of IN 31627 628 5 the the DT 31627 628 6 author author NN 31627 628 7 's 's POS 31627 628 8 visit visit NN 31627 628 9 the the DT 31627 628 10 crater crater NN 31627 628 11 was be VBD 31627 628 12 giving give VBG 31627 628 13 indications indication NNS 31627 628 14 , , , 31627 628 15 by by IN 31627 628 16 the the DT 31627 628 17 great great JJ 31627 628 18 quantity quantity NN 31627 628 19 of of IN 31627 628 20 sulphurous sulphurous JJ 31627 628 21 gas gas NN 31627 628 22 and and CC 31627 628 23 vapour vapour NN 31627 628 24 rising rise VBG 31627 628 25 from from IN 31627 628 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 628 27 surface surface NN 31627 628 28 , , , 31627 628 29 and and CC 31627 628 30 small small JJ 31627 628 31 jets jet NNS 31627 628 32 of of IN 31627 628 33 molten molten JJ 31627 628 34 lava lava NN 31627 628 35 beginning beginning NN 31627 628 36 to to TO 31627 628 37 flow flow VB 31627 628 38 down down RP 31627 628 39 the the DT 31627 628 40 outer outer JJ 31627 628 41 side side NN 31627 628 42 , , , 31627 628 43 of of IN 31627 628 44 the the DT 31627 628 45 grand grand JJ 31627 628 46 outburst outburst NN 31627 628 47 of of IN 31627 628 48 internal internal JJ 31627 628 49 forces force NNS 31627 628 50 which which WDT 31627 628 51 was be VBD 31627 628 52 presently presently RB 31627 628 53 to to TO 31627 628 54 follow follow VB 31627 628 55 . . . 31627 629 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 629 2 _ _ NNP 31627 629 3 k. k. NNP 31627 629 4 _ _ NNP 31627 629 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 629 6 _ _ NNP 31627 629 7 Eruption Eruption NNP 31627 629 8 of of IN 31627 629 9 1872._--The 1872._--the CD 31627 629 10 grand grand JJ 31627 629 11 eruption eruption NN 31627 629 12 of of IN 31627 629 13 1872 1872 CD 31627 629 14 , , , 31627 629 15 of of IN 31627 629 16 which which WDT 31627 629 17 a a DT 31627 629 18 detailed detailed JJ 31627 629 19 account account NN 31627 629 20 is be VBZ 31627 629 21 given give VBN 31627 629 22 by by IN 31627 629 23 Professor Professor NNP 31627 629 24 Palmieri,[10 Palmieri,[10 NNP 31627 629 25 ] ] -RRB- 31627 629 26 commenced commence VBD 31627 629 27 with with IN 31627 629 28 a a DT 31627 629 29 slight slight JJ 31627 629 30 discharge discharge NN 31627 629 31 of of IN 31627 629 32 incandescent incandescent JJ 31627 629 33 projectiles projectile NNS 31627 629 34 from from IN 31627 629 35 the the DT 31627 629 36 crater crater NN 31627 629 37 ; ; , 31627 629 38 and and CC 31627 629 39 on on IN 31627 629 40 the the DT 31627 629 41 13th 13th JJ 31627 629 42 January January NNP 31627 629 43 an an DT 31627 629 44 aperture aperture NN 31627 629 45 appeared appear VBD 31627 629 46 on on IN 31627 629 47 the the DT 31627 629 48 upper upper JJ 31627 629 49 edge edge NN 31627 629 50 of of IN 31627 629 51 the the DT 31627 629 52 cone cone NN 31627 629 53 from from IN 31627 629 54 which which WDT 31627 629 55 at at IN 31627 629 56 first first RB 31627 629 57 a a DT 31627 629 58 little little JJ 31627 629 59 lava lava NN 31627 629 60 issued issue VBN 31627 629 61 forth forth RB 31627 629 62 , , , 31627 629 63 followed follow VBN 31627 629 64 by by IN 31627 629 65 the the DT 31627 629 66 uprising uprising NN 31627 629 67 of of IN 31627 629 68 a a DT 31627 629 69 cone cone NN 31627 629 70 which which WDT 31627 629 71 threw throw VBD 31627 629 72 out out RP 31627 629 73 projectiles projectile NNS 31627 629 74 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 629 75 by by IN 31627 629 76 smoke smoke NN 31627 629 77 , , , 31627 629 78 whilst whilst IN 31627 629 79 the the DT 31627 629 80 central central JJ 31627 629 81 crater crater NN 31627 629 82 continued continue VBD 31627 629 83 to to TO 31627 629 84 detonate detonate VB 31627 629 85 more more RBR 31627 629 86 loudly loudly RB 31627 629 87 and and CC 31627 629 88 frequently frequently RB 31627 629 89 . . . 31627 630 1 This this DT 31627 630 2 little little JJ 31627 630 3 cone cone NN 31627 630 4 ultimately ultimately RB 31627 630 5 increased increase VBD 31627 630 6 in in IN 31627 630 7 size size NN 31627 630 8 , , , 31627 630 9 until until IN 31627 630 10 in in IN 31627 630 11 April April NNP 31627 630 12 it -PRON- PRP 31627 630 13 filled fill VBD 31627 630 14 the the DT 31627 630 15 whole whole JJ 31627 630 16 crater crater NN 31627 630 17 and and CC 31627 630 18 rose rise VBD 31627 630 19 four four CD 31627 630 20 or or CC 31627 630 21 five five CD 31627 630 22 metres metre NNS 31627 630 23 above above IN 31627 630 24 the the DT 31627 630 25 brim brim NN 31627 630 26 . . . 31627 631 1 At at IN 31627 631 2 this this DT 31627 631 3 time time NN 31627 631 4 abundant abundant JJ 31627 631 5 lavas lavas NN 31627 631 6 poured pour VBD 31627 631 7 down down RP 31627 631 8 from from IN 31627 631 9 the the DT 31627 631 10 base base NN 31627 631 11 of of IN 31627 631 12 the the DT 31627 631 13 cone cone NN 31627 631 14 into into IN 31627 631 15 the the DT 31627 631 16 Atria Atria NNP 31627 631 17 del del NNP 31627 631 18 Cavallo Cavallo NNP 31627 631 19 , , , 31627 631 20 thence thence NN 31627 631 21 turned turn VBD 31627 631 22 into into IN 31627 631 23 the the DT 31627 631 24 Fossa Fossa NNP 31627 631 25 della della NN 31627 631 26 Vetraria Vetraria NNP 31627 631 27 in in IN 31627 631 28 the the DT 31627 631 29 direction direction NN 31627 631 30 of of IN 31627 631 31 the the DT 31627 631 32 Observatory Observatory NNP 31627 631 33 and and CC 31627 631 34 towards towards IN 31627 631 35 the the DT 31627 631 36 Crocella Crocella NNP 31627 631 37 , , , 31627 631 38 where where WRB 31627 631 39 they -PRON- PRP 31627 631 40 accumulated accumulate VBD 31627 631 41 to to IN 31627 631 42 such such PDT 31627 631 43 an an DT 31627 631 44 extent extent NN 31627 631 45 as as IN 31627 631 46 to to TO 31627 631 47 cover cover VB 31627 631 48 the the DT 31627 631 49 hillside hillside NN 31627 631 50 for for IN 31627 631 51 a a DT 31627 631 52 distance distance NN 31627 631 53 of of IN 31627 631 54 about about RB 31627 631 55 300 300 CD 31627 631 56 metres metre NNS 31627 631 57 ; ; : 31627 631 58 then then RB 31627 631 59 turning turn VBG 31627 631 60 below below RP 31627 631 61 the the DT 31627 631 62 Canteroni Canteroni NNP 31627 631 63 , , , 31627 631 64 formed form VBD 31627 631 65 a a DT 31627 631 66 hillock hillock NN 31627 631 67 without without IN 31627 631 68 spreading spread VBG 31627 631 69 much much RB 31627 631 70 farther farther RB 31627 631 71 . . . 31627 632 1 In in IN 31627 632 2 October October NNP 31627 632 3 another another DT 31627 632 4 small small JJ 31627 632 5 crater crater NN 31627 632 6 was be VBD 31627 632 7 formed form VBN 31627 632 8 by by IN 31627 632 9 the the DT 31627 632 10 falling falling NN 31627 632 11 in in IN 31627 632 12 of of IN 31627 632 13 the the DT 31627 632 14 lava lava NN 31627 632 15 , , , 31627 632 16 which which WDT 31627 632 17 after after IN 31627 632 18 a a DT 31627 632 19 few few JJ 31627 632 20 days day NNS 31627 632 21 gave give VBD 31627 632 22 vent vent NN 31627 632 23 to to TO 31627 632 24 smoke smoke VB 31627 632 25 and and CC 31627 632 26 several several JJ 31627 632 27 jets jet NNS 31627 632 28 of of IN 31627 632 29 lava lava NN 31627 632 30 ; ; : 31627 632 31 and and CC 31627 632 32 towards towards IN 31627 632 33 the the DT 31627 632 34 end end NN 31627 632 35 of of IN 31627 632 36 October October NNP 31627 632 37 the the DT 31627 632 38 detonations detonation NNS 31627 632 39 increased increase VBD 31627 632 40 , , , 31627 632 41 the the DT 31627 632 42 smoke smoke NN 31627 632 43 from from IN 31627 632 44 the the DT 31627 632 45 central central JJ 31627 632 46 crater crater NN 31627 632 47 issued issue VBD 31627 632 48 forth forth RB 31627 632 49 more more RBR 31627 632 50 densely densely RB 31627 632 51 mixed mix VBN 31627 632 52 with with IN 31627 632 53 ashes ashe NNS 31627 632 54 , , , 31627 632 55 and and CC 31627 632 56 the the DT 31627 632 57 seismographical seismographical JJ 31627 632 58 apparatus apparatus NN 31627 632 59 was be VBD 31627 632 60 much much RB 31627 632 61 disturbed disturb VBN 31627 632 62 . . . 31627 633 1 On on IN 31627 633 2 the the DT 31627 633 3 3rd 3rd JJ 31627 633 4 and and CC 31627 633 5 4th 4th JJ 31627 633 6 November November NNP 31627 633 7 copious copious JJ 31627 633 8 and and CC 31627 633 9 splendid splendid JJ 31627 633 10 lava lava NN 31627 633 11 - - HYPH 31627 633 12 streams stream NNS 31627 633 13 coursed course VBD 31627 633 14 down down IN 31627 633 15 the the DT 31627 633 16 principal principal JJ 31627 633 17 cone cone NN 31627 633 18 on on IN 31627 633 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 633 20 western western JJ 31627 633 21 side side NN 31627 633 22 , , , 31627 633 23 but but CC 31627 633 24 were be VBD 31627 633 25 soon soon RB 31627 633 26 exhausted exhausted JJ 31627 633 27 ; ; : 31627 633 28 and and CC 31627 633 29 in in IN 31627 633 30 the the DT 31627 633 31 beginning beginning NN 31627 633 32 of of IN 31627 633 33 1872 1872 CD 31627 633 34 the the DT 31627 633 35 little little JJ 31627 633 36 cone cone NN 31627 633 37 , , , 31627 633 38 regaining regain VBG 31627 633 39 vigour vigour NN 31627 633 40 , , , 31627 633 41 began begin VBD 31627 633 42 to to TO 31627 633 43 discharge discharge VB 31627 633 44 lava lava NN 31627 633 45 from from IN 31627 633 46 the the DT 31627 633 47 summit summit NN 31627 633 48 instead instead RB 31627 633 49 of of IN 31627 633 50 the the DT 31627 633 51 base base NN 31627 633 52 as as RB 31627 633 53 heretofore heretofore RB 31627 633 54 . . . 31627 634 1 In in IN 31627 634 2 the the DT 31627 634 3 month month NN 31627 634 4 of of IN 31627 634 5 March March NNP 31627 634 6 1873 1873 CD 31627 634 7 , , , 31627 634 8 with with IN 31627 634 9 the the DT 31627 634 10 full full JJ 31627 634 11 moon moon NN 31627 634 12 , , , 31627 634 13 the the DT 31627 634 14 cone cone NN 31627 634 15 opened open VBD 31627 634 16 on on IN 31627 634 17 the the DT 31627 634 18 north north NN 31627 634 19 - - HYPH 31627 634 20 west west NN 31627 634 21 side side NN 31627 634 22 -- -- : 31627 634 23 the the DT 31627 634 24 cleavage cleavage NN 31627 634 25 being be VBG 31627 634 26 indicated indicate VBN 31627 634 27 by by IN 31627 634 28 a a DT 31627 634 29 line line NN 31627 634 30 of of IN 31627 634 31 fumaroles fumarole NNS 31627 634 32 -- -- : 31627 634 33 and and CC 31627 634 34 lava lava VBD 31627 634 35 issued issue VBN 31627 634 36 from from IN 31627 634 37 the the DT 31627 634 38 base base NN 31627 634 39 and and CC 31627 634 40 poured pour VBD 31627 634 41 down down RP 31627 634 42 into into IN 31627 634 43 the the DT 31627 634 44 Atria Atria NNP 31627 634 45 as as RB 31627 634 46 far far RB 31627 634 47 as as IN 31627 634 48 the the DT 31627 634 49 precipices precipice NNS 31627 634 50 of of IN 31627 634 51 Monte Monte NNP 31627 634 52 di di NNP 31627 634 53 Somma Somma NNP 31627 634 54 . . . 31627 635 1 On on IN 31627 635 2 the the DT 31627 635 3 23rd 23rd JJ 31627 635 4 April April NNP 31627 635 5 ( ( -LRB- 31627 635 6 another another DT 31627 635 7 full full JJ 31627 635 8 moon moon NN 31627 635 9 ) ) -RRB- 31627 635 10 the the DT 31627 635 11 activity activity NN 31627 635 12 of of IN 31627 635 13 the the DT 31627 635 14 craters crater NNS 31627 635 15 increased increase VBD 31627 635 16 , , , 31627 635 17 and and CC 31627 635 18 on on IN 31627 635 19 the the DT 31627 635 20 evening evening NN 31627 635 21 of of IN 31627 635 22 the the DT 31627 635 23 24th 24th JJ 31627 635 24 splendid splendid JJ 31627 635 25 lava lava NN 31627 635 26 - - HYPH 31627 635 27 streams stream NNS 31627 635 28 descended descend VBD 31627 635 29 the the DT 31627 635 30 cone cone NN 31627 635 31 in in IN 31627 635 32 various various JJ 31627 635 33 directions direction NNS 31627 635 34 , , , 31627 635 35 attracting attract VBG 31627 635 36 on on IN 31627 635 37 the the DT 31627 635 38 same same JJ 31627 635 39 night night NN 31627 635 40 the the DT 31627 635 41 visits visit NNS 31627 635 42 of of IN 31627 635 43 a a DT 31627 635 44 great great JJ 31627 635 45 many many JJ 31627 635 46 strangers stranger NNS 31627 635 47 . . . 31627 636 1 A a DT 31627 636 2 lamentable lamentable JJ 31627 636 3 event event NN 31627 636 4 followed follow VBD 31627 636 5 on on IN 31627 636 6 the the DT 31627 636 7 26th 26th NN 31627 636 8 . . . 31627 637 1 A a DT 31627 637 2 party party NN 31627 637 3 of of IN 31627 637 4 visitors visitor NNS 31627 637 5 , , , 31627 637 6 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 637 7 by by IN 31627 637 8 inexperienced inexperienced JJ 31627 637 9 guides guide NNS 31627 637 10 , , , 31627 637 11 and and CC 31627 637 12 contrary contrary RB 31627 637 13 to to IN 31627 637 14 the the DT 31627 637 15 advice advice NN 31627 637 16 of of IN 31627 637 17 Professor Professor NNP 31627 637 18 Palmieri Palmieri NNP 31627 637 19 , , , 31627 637 20 insisted insist VBD 31627 637 21 on on IN 31627 637 22 ascending ascend VBG 31627 637 23 to to IN 31627 637 24 the the DT 31627 637 25 place place NN 31627 637 26 from from IN 31627 637 27 which which WDT 31627 637 28 the the DT 31627 637 29 lava lava NN 31627 637 30 issued issue VBD 31627 637 31 . . . 31627 638 1 At at IN 31627 638 2 half half JJ 31627 638 3 - - HYPH 31627 638 4 past past JJ 31627 638 5 three three CD 31627 638 6 on on IN 31627 638 7 the the DT 31627 638 8 morning morning NN 31627 638 9 of of IN 31627 638 10 the the DT 31627 638 11 26th 26th NN 31627 638 12 they -PRON- PRP 31627 638 13 were be VBD 31627 638 14 in in IN 31627 638 15 the the DT 31627 638 16 Atria Atria NNP 31627 638 17 del del NNP 31627 638 18 Cavallo Cavallo NNP 31627 638 19 , , , 31627 638 20 when when WRB 31627 638 21 the the DT 31627 638 22 Vesuvian vesuvian JJ 31627 638 23 cone cone NN 31627 638 24 was be VBD 31627 638 25 rent rent NN 31627 638 26 in in IN 31627 638 27 a a DT 31627 638 28 north north NN 31627 638 29 - - HYPH 31627 638 30 west west NN 31627 638 31 direction direction NN 31627 638 32 and and CC 31627 638 33 a a DT 31627 638 34 copious copious JJ 31627 638 35 torrent torrent NN 31627 638 36 of of IN 31627 638 37 lava lava NN 31627 638 38 issued issue VBN 31627 638 39 forth forth RB 31627 638 40 . . . 31627 639 1 Two two CD 31627 639 2 large large JJ 31627 639 3 craters crater NNS 31627 639 4 formed form VBN 31627 639 5 at at IN 31627 639 6 the the DT 31627 639 7 summit summit NN 31627 639 8 of of IN 31627 639 9 the the DT 31627 639 10 mountain mountain NN 31627 639 11 , , , 31627 639 12 discharging discharge VBG 31627 639 13 incandescent incandescent JJ 31627 639 14 projectiles projectile NNS 31627 639 15 and and CC 31627 639 16 ashes ashe NNS 31627 639 17 . . . 31627 640 1 A a DT 31627 640 2 cloud cloud NN 31627 640 3 of of IN 31627 640 4 smoke smoke NN 31627 640 5 enveloped envelop VBD 31627 640 6 the the DT 31627 640 7 unhappy unhappy JJ 31627 640 8 visitors visitor NNS 31627 640 9 , , , 31627 640 10 who who WP 31627 640 11 were be VBD 31627 640 12 under under IN 31627 640 13 a a DT 31627 640 14 hail hail NN 31627 640 15 - - HYPH 31627 640 16 storm storm NN 31627 640 17 of of IN 31627 640 18 burning burn VBG 31627 640 19 projectiles projectile NNS 31627 640 20 . . . 31627 641 1 Eight eight CD 31627 641 2 were be VBD 31627 641 3 buried bury VBN 31627 641 4 beneath beneath IN 31627 641 5 it -PRON- PRP 31627 641 6 , , , 31627 641 7 or or CC 31627 641 8 in in IN 31627 641 9 the the DT 31627 641 10 lava lava NN 31627 641 11 , , , 31627 641 12 while while IN 31627 641 13 eleven eleven CD 31627 641 14 were be VBD 31627 641 15 grievously grievously RB 31627 641 16 injured injure VBN 31627 641 17 . . . 31627 642 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 642 2 11 11 CD 31627 642 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 642 4 The the DT 31627 642 5 lava lava NN 31627 642 6 - - HYPH 31627 642 7 stream stream NN 31627 642 8 , , , 31627 642 9 flowing flow VBG 31627 642 10 over over IN 31627 642 11 that that DT 31627 642 12 of of IN 31627 642 13 1871 1871 CD 31627 642 14 in in IN 31627 642 15 the the DT 31627 642 16 Atria Atria NNP 31627 642 17 , , , 31627 642 18 divided divide VBD 31627 642 19 into into IN 31627 642 20 two two CD 31627 642 21 branches branch NNS 31627 642 22 , , , 31627 642 23 the the DT 31627 642 24 smaller small JJR 31627 642 25 one one NN 31627 642 26 flowing flow VBG 31627 642 27 towards towards IN 31627 642 28 Resina Resina NNP 31627 642 29 , , , 31627 642 30 but but CC 31627 642 31 stopping stop VBG 31627 642 32 before before RB 31627 642 33 reaching reach VBG 31627 642 34 the the DT 31627 642 35 town town NN 31627 642 36 ; ; : 31627 642 37 the the DT 31627 642 38 larger large JJR 31627 642 39 precipitated precipitate VBD 31627 642 40 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 642 41 into into IN 31627 642 42 the the DT 31627 642 43 Fossa Fossa NNP 31627 642 44 della della NN 31627 642 45 Vetraria Vetraria NNP 31627 642 46 , , , 31627 642 47 occupying occupy VBG 31627 642 48 the the DT 31627 642 49 whole whole JJ 31627 642 50 width width NN 31627 642 51 of of IN 31627 642 52 800 800 CD 31627 642 53 metres metre NNS 31627 642 54 , , , 31627 642 55 and and CC 31627 642 56 traversing traverse VBG 31627 642 57 the the DT 31627 642 58 entire entire JJ 31627 642 59 length length NN 31627 642 60 of of IN 31627 642 61 1300 1300 CD 31627 642 62 metres metre NNS 31627 642 63 in in IN 31627 642 64 three three CD 31627 642 65 hours hour NNS 31627 642 66 . . . 31627 643 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 643 2 dashed dash VBD 31627 643 3 into into IN 31627 643 4 the the DT 31627 643 5 Fossa Fossa NNP 31627 643 6 di di NNP 31627 643 7 Farone Farone NNP 31627 643 8 , , , 31627 643 9 and and CC 31627 643 10 reached reach VBD 31627 643 11 the the DT 31627 643 12 villages village NNS 31627 643 13 of of IN 31627 643 14 Massa Massa NNP 31627 643 15 and and CC 31627 643 16 St. St. NNP 31627 643 17 Sebastiano Sebastiano NNP 31627 643 18 , , , 31627 643 19 covering cover VBG 31627 643 20 a a DT 31627 643 21 portion portion NN 31627 643 22 of of IN 31627 643 23 the the DT 31627 643 24 houses house NNS 31627 643 25 , , , 31627 643 26 and and CC 31627 643 27 , , , 31627 643 28 continuing continue VBG 31627 643 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 643 30 course course NN 31627 643 31 through through IN 31627 643 32 an an DT 31627 643 33 artificial artificial JJ 31627 643 34 foss foss NN 31627 643 35 , , , 31627 643 36 or or CC 31627 643 37 trench trench NN 31627 643 38 , , , 31627 643 39 invaded invade VBN 31627 643 40 cultivated cultivate VBN 31627 643 41 ground ground NN 31627 643 42 and and CC 31627 643 43 several several JJ 31627 643 44 villages village NNS 31627 643 45 . . . 31627 644 1 If if IN 31627 644 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 644 3 had have VBD 31627 644 4 not not RB 31627 644 5 greatly greatly RB 31627 644 6 slackened slacken VBN 31627 644 7 after after IN 31627 644 8 midnight midnight NN 31627 644 9 , , , 31627 644 10 from from IN 31627 644 11 failure failure NN 31627 644 12 of of IN 31627 644 13 supply supply NN 31627 644 14 at at IN 31627 644 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 644 16 source source NN 31627 644 17 , , , 31627 644 18 it -PRON- PRP 31627 644 19 would would MD 31627 644 20 have have VB 31627 644 21 reached reach VBN 31627 644 22 Naples Naples NNP 31627 644 23 by by IN 31627 644 24 Ponticelli Ponticelli NNP 31627 644 25 and and CC 31627 644 26 flowed flow VBD 31627 644 27 into into IN 31627 644 28 the the DT 31627 644 29 sea sea NN 31627 644 30 . . . 31627 645 1 The the DT 31627 645 2 eruption eruption NN 31627 645 3 towards towards IN 31627 645 4 the the DT 31627 645 5 end end NN 31627 645 6 of of IN 31627 645 7 April April NNP 31627 645 8 had have VBD 31627 645 9 reached reach VBN 31627 645 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 645 11 height height NN 31627 645 12 . . . 31627 646 1 The the DT 31627 646 2 Observatory observatory JJ 31627 646 3 ridge ridge NN 31627 646 4 was be VBD 31627 646 5 bounded bound VBN 31627 646 6 on on IN 31627 646 7 either either DT 31627 646 8 side side NN 31627 646 9 by by IN 31627 646 10 two two CD 31627 646 11 fiery fiery JJ 31627 646 12 streams stream NNS 31627 646 13 , , , 31627 646 14 which which WDT 31627 646 15 rendered render VBD 31627 646 16 the the DT 31627 646 17 heat heat NN 31627 646 18 intolerable intolerable JJ 31627 646 19 . . . 31627 647 1 Simultaneously simultaneously RB 31627 647 2 with with IN 31627 647 3 the the DT 31627 647 4 opening opening NN 31627 647 5 of of IN 31627 647 6 the the DT 31627 647 7 great great JJ 31627 647 8 fissure fissure NN 31627 647 9 two two CD 31627 647 10 large large JJ 31627 647 11 craters crater NNS 31627 647 12 opened open VBD 31627 647 13 at at IN 31627 647 14 the the DT 31627 647 15 summit summit NN 31627 647 16 , , , 31627 647 17 discharging discharge VBG 31627 647 18 with with IN 31627 647 19 a a DT 31627 647 20 dreadful dreadful JJ 31627 647 21 noise noise NN 31627 647 22 an an DT 31627 647 23 immense immense JJ 31627 647 24 cloud cloud NN 31627 647 25 of of IN 31627 647 26 smoke smoke NN 31627 647 27 and and CC 31627 647 28 ashes ashe NNS 31627 647 29 , , , 31627 647 30 with with IN 31627 647 31 bombs bomb NNS 31627 647 32 which which WDT 31627 647 33 rose rise VBD 31627 647 34 to to IN 31627 647 35 a a DT 31627 647 36 height height NN 31627 647 37 of of IN 31627 647 38 1300 1300 CD 31627 647 39 metres metre NNS 31627 647 40 above above IN 31627 647 41 the the DT 31627 647 42 brim brim NN 31627 647 43 of of IN 31627 647 44 the the DT 31627 647 45 volcano volcano NN 31627 647 46 . . . 31627 648 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 648 2 12 12 CD 31627 648 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 648 4 The the DT 31627 648 5 torrents torrent NNS 31627 648 6 of of IN 31627 648 7 fire fire NN 31627 648 8 which which WDT 31627 648 9 threatened threaten VBD 31627 648 10 Resina Resina NNP 31627 648 11 , , , 31627 648 12 Bosco Bosco NNP 31627 648 13 , , , 31627 648 14 and and CC 31627 648 15 Torre Torre NNP 31627 648 16 Annunziata Annunziata NNP 31627 648 17 , , , 31627 648 18 and and CC 31627 648 19 which which WDT 31627 648 20 devastated devastate VBD 31627 648 21 the the DT 31627 648 22 fertile fertile JJ 31627 648 23 country country NN 31627 648 24 of of IN 31627 648 25 Novelle Novelle NNP 31627 648 26 , , , 31627 648 27 Massa Massa NNP 31627 648 28 , , , 31627 648 29 St. St. NNP 31627 648 30 Sebastiano Sebastiano NNP 31627 648 31 , , , 31627 648 32 and and CC 31627 648 33 Cerole Cerole NNP 31627 648 34 , , , 31627 648 35 and and CC 31627 648 36 two two CD 31627 648 37 partially partially RB 31627 648 38 buried bury VBN 31627 648 39 cities city NNS 31627 648 40 , , , 31627 648 41 the the DT 31627 648 42 continual continual JJ 31627 648 43 thunderings thundering NNS 31627 648 44 and and CC 31627 648 45 growling growling NN 31627 648 46 of of IN 31627 648 47 the the DT 31627 648 48 craters crater NNS 31627 648 49 , , , 31627 648 50 caused cause VBD 31627 648 51 such such JJ 31627 648 52 terror terror NN 31627 648 53 , , , 31627 648 54 that that WDT 31627 648 55 numbers number NNS 31627 648 56 abandoned abandon VBD 31627 648 57 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 648 58 dwellings dwelling NNS 31627 648 59 , , , 31627 648 60 flying fly VBG 31627 648 61 for for IN 31627 648 62 refuge refuge NN 31627 648 63 into into IN 31627 648 64 Naples Naples NNP 31627 648 65 , , , 31627 648 66 while while IN 31627 648 67 many many JJ 31627 648 68 Neapolitans Neapolitans NNPS 31627 648 69 went go VBD 31627 648 70 to to IN 31627 648 71 Rome Rome NNP 31627 648 72 or or CC 31627 648 73 other other JJ 31627 648 74 places place NNS 31627 648 75 . . . 31627 649 1 Fortunately fortunately RB 31627 649 2 , , , 31627 649 3 the the DT 31627 649 4 paroxysm paroxysm NNS 31627 649 5 had have VBD 31627 649 6 now now RB 31627 649 7 passed pass VBN 31627 649 8 , , , 31627 649 9 the the DT 31627 649 10 lava lava NN 31627 649 11 - - HYPH 31627 649 12 streams stream NNS 31627 649 13 stopped stop VBD 31627 649 14 in in IN 31627 649 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 649 16 course course NN 31627 649 17 , , , 31627 649 18 and and CC 31627 649 19 the the DT 31627 649 20 great great JJ 31627 649 21 torrent torrent NN 31627 649 22 which which WDT 31627 649 23 passed pass VBD 31627 649 24 the the DT 31627 649 25 shoulders shoulder NNS 31627 649 26 of of IN 31627 649 27 the the DT 31627 649 28 Observatory Observatory NNP 31627 649 29 through through IN 31627 649 30 the the DT 31627 649 31 Fossa Fossa NNP 31627 649 32 della della NN 31627 649 33 Vetraria Vetraria NNP 31627 649 34 lowered lower VBD 31627 649 35 the the DT 31627 649 36 level level NN 31627 649 37 of of IN 31627 649 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 649 39 surface surface NN 31627 649 40 below below IN 31627 649 41 that that DT 31627 649 42 of of IN 31627 649 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 649 44 sides side NNS 31627 649 45 , , , 31627 649 46 which which WDT 31627 649 47 appeared appear VBD 31627 649 48 like like IN 31627 649 49 two two CD 31627 649 50 parallel parallel JJ 31627 649 51 ramparts rampart NNS 31627 649 52 above above IN 31627 649 53 it -PRON- PRP 31627 649 54 . . . 31627 650 1 Had have VBD 31627 650 2 these these DT 31627 650 3 streams stream NNS 31627 650 4 continued continue VBD 31627 650 5 to to TO 31627 650 6 flow flow VB 31627 650 7 on on IN 31627 650 8 the the DT 31627 650 9 27th 27th NN 31627 650 10 of of IN 31627 650 11 April April NNP 31627 650 12 as as IN 31627 650 13 they -PRON- PRP 31627 650 14 had have VBD 31627 650 15 done do VBN 31627 650 16 on on IN 31627 650 17 the the DT 31627 650 18 previous previous JJ 31627 650 19 night night NN 31627 650 20 , , , 31627 650 21 they -PRON- PRP 31627 650 22 would would MD 31627 650 23 have have VB 31627 650 24 reached reach VBN 31627 650 25 the the DT 31627 650 26 sea sea NN 31627 650 27 , , , 31627 650 28 bringing bring VBG 31627 650 29 destruction destruction NN 31627 650 30 to to IN 31627 650 31 the the DT 31627 650 32 very very JJ 31627 650 33 walls wall NNS 31627 650 34 of of IN 31627 650 35 Naples Naples NNP 31627 650 36 . . . 31627 651 1 During during IN 31627 651 2 this this DT 31627 651 3 eruption eruption NN 31627 651 4 Torre Torre NNP 31627 651 5 del del NNP 31627 651 6 Greco Greco NNP 31627 651 7 was be VBD 31627 651 8 upraised upraised JJ 31627 651 9 to to IN 31627 651 10 the the DT 31627 651 11 extent extent NN 31627 651 12 of of IN 31627 651 13 two two CD 31627 651 14 metres metre NNS 31627 651 15 , , , 31627 651 16 and and CC 31627 651 17 nearly nearly RB 31627 651 18 all all PDT 31627 651 19 the the DT 31627 651 20 houses house NNS 31627 651 21 were be VBD 31627 651 22 knocked knock VBN 31627 651 23 down down RP 31627 651 24 . . . 31627 652 1 The the DT 31627 652 2 igneous igneous JJ 31627 652 3 period period NN 31627 652 4 of of IN 31627 652 5 eruption eruption NN 31627 652 6 having have VBG 31627 652 7 terminated terminate VBN 31627 652 8 , , , 31627 652 9 the the DT 31627 652 10 ashes ashe NNS 31627 652 11 , , , 31627 652 12 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 652 13 , , , 31627 652 14 and and CC 31627 652 15 projectiles projectile NNS 31627 652 16 became become VBD 31627 652 17 more more RBR 31627 652 18 abundant abundant JJ 31627 652 19 , , , 31627 652 20 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 652 21 by by IN 31627 652 22 thunder thunder NN 31627 652 23 and and CC 31627 652 24 lightning lightning NN 31627 652 25 . . . 31627 653 1 On on IN 31627 653 2 the the DT 31627 653 3 28th 28th NN 31627 653 4 they -PRON- PRP 31627 653 5 darkened darken VBD 31627 653 6 the the DT 31627 653 7 air air NN 31627 653 8 , , , 31627 653 9 and and CC 31627 653 10 the the DT 31627 653 11 terrific terrific JJ 31627 653 12 noise noise NN 31627 653 13 of of IN 31627 653 14 the the DT 31627 653 15 mountain mountain NN 31627 653 16 continuing continue VBG 31627 653 17 or or CC 31627 653 18 increasing increase VBG 31627 653 19 , , , 31627 653 20 the the DT 31627 653 21 terror terror NN 31627 653 22 at at IN 31627 653 23 Resina Resina NNP 31627 653 24 , , , 31627 653 25 Portici Portici NNP 31627 653 26 , , , 31627 653 27 and and CC 31627 653 28 Naples Naples NNP 31627 653 29 became become VBD 31627 653 30 universal universal JJ 31627 653 31 . . . 31627 654 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 654 2 seemed seem VBD 31627 654 3 as as IN 31627 654 4 though though IN 31627 654 5 the the DT 31627 654 6 tragic tragic JJ 31627 654 7 calamities calamity NNS 31627 654 8 of of IN 31627 654 9 the the DT 31627 654 10 eruption eruption NN 31627 654 11 of of IN 31627 654 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 31627 654 13 79 79 CD 31627 654 14 were be VBD 31627 654 15 about about JJ 31627 654 16 to to TO 31627 654 17 be be VB 31627 654 18 repeated repeat VBN 31627 654 19 . . . 31627 655 1 But but CC 31627 655 2 gradually gradually RB 31627 655 3 the the DT 31627 655 4 force force NN 31627 655 5 of of IN 31627 655 6 the the DT 31627 655 7 explosions explosion NNS 31627 655 8 decreased decrease VBD 31627 655 9 , , , 31627 655 10 and and CC 31627 655 11 the the DT 31627 655 12 noise noise NN 31627 655 13 from from IN 31627 655 14 the the DT 31627 655 15 crater crater NN 31627 655 16 became become VBD 31627 655 17 discontinuous discontinuous JJ 31627 655 18 , , , 31627 655 19 so so IN 31627 655 20 that that IN 31627 655 21 on on IN 31627 655 22 the the DT 31627 655 23 30th 30th NN 31627 655 24 the the DT 31627 655 25 detonations detonation NNS 31627 655 26 were be VBD 31627 655 27 very very RB 31627 655 28 few few JJ 31627 655 29 , , , 31627 655 30 and and CC 31627 655 31 by by IN 31627 655 32 the the DT 31627 655 33 1st 1st JJ 31627 655 34 May May MD 31627 655 35 the the DT 31627 655 36 eruption eruption NN 31627 655 37 was be VBD 31627 655 38 completely completely RB 31627 655 39 over over RB 31627 655 40 . . . 31627 656 1 Such such JJ 31627 656 2 is be VBZ 31627 656 3 a a DT 31627 656 4 condensed condensed JJ 31627 656 5 account account NN 31627 656 6 of of IN 31627 656 7 one one CD 31627 656 8 of of IN 31627 656 9 the the DT 31627 656 10 most most RBS 31627 656 11 formidable formidable JJ 31627 656 12 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 656 13 of of IN 31627 656 14 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 656 15 era era NN 31627 656 16 . . . 31627 657 1 In in IN 31627 657 2 the the DT 31627 657 3 frontispiece frontispiece NN 31627 657 4 of of IN 31627 657 5 this this DT 31627 657 6 volume volume NN 31627 657 7 a a DT 31627 657 8 representation representation NN 31627 657 9 , , , 31627 657 10 taken take VBN 31627 657 11 ( ( -LRB- 31627 657 12 by by IN 31627 657 13 permission permission NN 31627 657 14 ) ) -RRB- 31627 657 15 from from IN 31627 657 16 a a DT 31627 657 17 photograph photograph NN 31627 657 18 by by IN 31627 657 19 Negretti Negretti NNP 31627 657 20 & & CC 31627 657 21 Zambra Zambra NNP 31627 657 22 , , , 31627 657 23 is be VBZ 31627 657 24 given give VBN 31627 657 25 , , , 31627 657 26 showing show VBG 31627 657 27 the the DT 31627 657 28 appearance appearance NN 31627 657 29 of of IN 31627 657 30 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 657 31 during during IN 31627 657 32 the the DT 31627 657 33 final final JJ 31627 657 34 stage stage NN 31627 657 35 of of IN 31627 657 36 the the DT 31627 657 37 eruption eruption NN 31627 657 38 , , , 31627 657 39 when when WRB 31627 657 40 prodigious prodigious JJ 31627 657 41 masses masse NNS 31627 657 42 of of IN 31627 657 43 smoke smoke NN 31627 657 44 , , , 31627 657 45 steam steam NN 31627 657 46 , , , 31627 657 47 and and CC 31627 657 48 illuminated illuminate VBN 31627 657 49 gas gas NN 31627 657 50 issued issue VBN 31627 657 51 forth forth RB 31627 657 52 from from IN 31627 657 53 the the DT 31627 657 54 summit summit NN 31627 657 55 and and CC 31627 657 56 overspread overspread VB 31627 657 57 the the DT 31627 657 58 whole whole JJ 31627 657 59 country country NN 31627 657 60 around around RB 31627 657 61 with with IN 31627 657 62 a a DT 31627 657 63 canopy canopy NN 31627 657 64 which which WDT 31627 657 65 the the DT 31627 657 66 light light NN 31627 657 67 of of IN 31627 657 68 the the DT 31627 657 69 sun sun NN 31627 657 70 could could MD 31627 657 71 scarcely scarcely RB 31627 657 72 penetrate penetrate VB 31627 657 73 . . . 31627 658 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 658 2 will will MD 31627 658 3 be be VB 31627 658 4 noticed notice VBN 31627 658 5 in in IN 31627 658 6 the the DT 31627 658 7 above above JJ 31627 658 8 account account NN 31627 658 9 that that IN 31627 658 10 , , , 31627 658 11 concurrently concurrently RB 31627 658 12 with with IN 31627 658 13 the the DT 31627 658 14 full full JJ 31627 658 15 moon moon NN 31627 658 16 , , , 31627 658 17 there there EX 31627 658 18 were be VBD 31627 658 19 two two CD 31627 658 20 distinct distinct JJ 31627 658 21 and and CC 31627 658 22 special special JJ 31627 658 23 outbreaks outbreak NNS 31627 658 24 of of IN 31627 658 25 activity activity NN 31627 658 26 ; ; : 31627 658 27 one one CD 31627 658 28 occurring occur VBG 31627 658 29 in in IN 31627 658 30 March March NNP 31627 658 31 , , , 31627 658 32 the the DT 31627 658 33 other other JJ 31627 658 34 in in IN 31627 658 35 the the DT 31627 658 36 month month NN 31627 658 37 following follow VBG 31627 658 38 . . . 31627 659 1 That that IN 31627 659 2 the the DT 31627 659 3 conditions condition NNS 31627 659 4 of of IN 31627 659 5 lunar lunar JJ 31627 659 6 and and CC 31627 659 7 solar solar JJ 31627 659 8 attraction attraction NN 31627 659 9 should should MD 31627 659 10 have have VB 31627 659 11 a a DT 31627 659 12 marked marked JJ 31627 659 13 effect effect NN 31627 659 14 on on IN 31627 659 15 a a DT 31627 659 16 part part NN 31627 659 17 of of IN 31627 659 18 the the DT 31627 659 19 earth earth NN 31627 659 20 's 's POS 31627 659 21 crust crust NN 31627 659 22 , , , 31627 659 23 while while IN 31627 659 24 under under IN 31627 659 25 the the DT 31627 659 26 tension tension NN 31627 659 27 of of IN 31627 659 28 eruptive eruptive JJ 31627 659 29 forces force NNS 31627 659 30 , , , 31627 659 31 is be VBZ 31627 659 32 only only RB 31627 659 33 what what WP 31627 659 34 might may MD 31627 659 35 be be VB 31627 659 36 expected expect VBN 31627 659 37 . . . 31627 660 1 At at IN 31627 660 2 full full JJ 31627 660 3 moon moon NN 31627 660 4 the the DT 31627 660 5 earth earth NN 31627 660 6 is be VBZ 31627 660 7 between between IN 31627 660 8 the the DT 31627 660 9 sun sun NN 31627 660 10 and and CC 31627 660 11 the the DT 31627 660 12 moon moon NN 31627 660 13 , , , 31627 660 14 and and CC 31627 660 15 at at IN 31627 660 16 new new NNP 31627 660 17 moon moon NNP 31627 660 18 the the DT 31627 660 19 moon moon NN 31627 660 20 is be VBZ 31627 660 21 between between IN 31627 660 22 the the DT 31627 660 23 sun sun NN 31627 660 24 and and CC 31627 660 25 the the DT 31627 660 26 earth earth NN 31627 660 27 ; ; : 31627 660 28 under under IN 31627 660 29 these these DT 31627 660 30 conditions condition NNS 31627 660 31 ( ( -LRB- 31627 660 32 the the DT 31627 660 33 two two CD 31627 660 34 bodies body NNS 31627 660 35 acting act VBG 31627 660 36 in in IN 31627 660 37 concert concert NN 31627 660 38 ) ) -RRB- 31627 660 39 we -PRON- PRP 31627 660 40 have have VBP 31627 660 41 spring spring NN 31627 660 42 tides tide NNS 31627 660 43 in in IN 31627 660 44 the the DT 31627 660 45 ocean ocean NN 31627 660 46 , , , 31627 660 47 and and CC 31627 660 48 a a DT 31627 660 49 maximum maximum NN 31627 660 50 of of IN 31627 660 51 attraction attraction NN 31627 660 52 on on IN 31627 660 53 the the DT 31627 660 54 mass mass NN 31627 660 55 of of IN 31627 660 56 the the DT 31627 660 57 earth earth NN 31627 660 58 . . . 31627 661 1 Hence hence RB 31627 661 2 the the DT 31627 661 3 crust crust NN 31627 661 4 , , , 31627 661 5 which which WDT 31627 661 6 at at IN 31627 661 7 the the DT 31627 661 8 time time NN 31627 661 9 referred refer VBD 31627 661 10 to to IN 31627 661 11 was be VBD 31627 661 12 under under IN 31627 661 13 tremendous tremendous JJ 31627 661 14 strain strain NN 31627 661 15 , , , 31627 661 16 only only RB 31627 661 17 required require VBD 31627 661 18 the the DT 31627 661 19 addition addition NN 31627 661 20 of of IN 31627 661 21 that that DT 31627 661 22 caused cause VBN 31627 661 23 by by IN 31627 661 24 the the DT 31627 661 25 lunar lunar JJ 31627 661 26 and and CC 31627 661 27 solar solar JJ 31627 661 28 attractions attraction NNS 31627 661 29 to to TO 31627 661 30 produce produce VB 31627 661 31 rupture rupture NN 31627 661 32 in in IN 31627 661 33 both both DT 31627 661 34 cases case NNS 31627 661 35 , , , 31627 661 36 giving give VBG 31627 661 37 rise rise NN 31627 661 38 to to IN 31627 661 39 increased increase VBN 31627 661 40 activity activity NN 31627 661 41 , , , 31627 661 42 and and CC 31627 661 43 the the DT 31627 661 44 extrusion extrusion NN 31627 661 45 of of IN 31627 661 46 lava lava NN 31627 661 47 and and CC 31627 661 48 volatile volatile JJ 31627 661 49 matter matter NN 31627 661 50 . . . 31627 662 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 662 2 may may MD 31627 662 3 , , , 31627 662 4 in in IN 31627 662 5 general general JJ 31627 662 6 , , , 31627 662 7 be be VB 31627 662 8 safely safely RB 31627 662 9 affirmed affirm VBN 31627 662 10 that that IN 31627 662 11 low low JJ 31627 662 12 barometric barometric JJ 31627 662 13 pressure pressure NN 31627 662 14 on on IN 31627 662 15 the the DT 31627 662 16 one one CD 31627 662 17 hand hand NN 31627 662 18 , , , 31627 662 19 and and CC 31627 662 20 the the DT 31627 662 21 occurrence occurrence NN 31627 662 22 of of IN 31627 662 23 the the DT 31627 662 24 syzygies syzygy NNS 31627 662 25 ( ( -LRB- 31627 662 26 when when WRB 31627 662 27 the the DT 31627 662 28 attractions attraction NNS 31627 662 29 of of IN 31627 662 30 the the DT 31627 662 31 sun sun NN 31627 662 32 and and CC 31627 662 33 moon moon NN 31627 662 34 are be VBP 31627 662 35 in in IN 31627 662 36 the the DT 31627 662 37 same same JJ 31627 662 38 line line NN 31627 662 39 ) ) -RRB- 31627 662 40 on on IN 31627 662 41 the the DT 31627 662 42 other other JJ 31627 662 43 , , , 31627 662 44 have have VBP 31627 662 45 had have VBN 31627 662 46 great great JJ 31627 662 47 influence influence NN 31627 662 48 in in IN 31627 662 49 determining determine VBG 31627 662 50 the the DT 31627 662 51 crises crisis NNS 31627 662 52 of of IN 31627 662 53 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 662 54 of of IN 31627 662 55 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 662 56 mountains mountain NNS 31627 662 57 when when WRB 31627 662 58 in in IN 31627 662 59 a a DT 31627 662 60 state state NN 31627 662 61 of of IN 31627 662 62 unrest unrest NN 31627 662 63 . . . 31627 663 1 _ _ NNP 31627 663 2 Contrast Contrast NNP 31627 663 3 between between IN 31627 663 4 the the DT 31627 663 5 Northern northern JJ 31627 663 6 and and CC 31627 663 7 Southern Southern NNP 31627 663 8 Slopes._--Before Slopes._--Before NNP 31627 663 9 leaving leave VBG 31627 663 10 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 663 11 it -PRON- PRP 31627 663 12 may may MD 31627 663 13 be be VB 31627 663 14 observed observe VBN 31627 663 15 that that IN 31627 663 16 throughout throughout IN 31627 663 17 all all PDT 31627 663 18 the the DT 31627 663 19 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 663 20 of of IN 31627 663 21 modern modern JJ 31627 663 22 times time NNS 31627 663 23 the the DT 31627 663 24 northern northern JJ 31627 663 25 side side NN 31627 663 26 of of IN 31627 663 27 the the DT 31627 663 28 mountain mountain NN 31627 663 29 , , , 31627 663 30 that that RB 31627 663 31 is be VBZ 31627 663 32 the the DT 31627 663 33 old old JJ 31627 663 34 crater crater NN 31627 663 35 and and CC 31627 663 36 flank flank NN 31627 663 37 of of IN 31627 663 38 Somma Somma NNP 31627 663 39 , , , 31627 663 40 has have VBZ 31627 663 41 been be VBN 31627 663 42 secure secure JJ 31627 663 43 from from IN 31627 663 44 the the DT 31627 663 45 lava lava NN 31627 663 46 - - HYPH 31627 663 47 flows flow NNS 31627 663 48 , , , 31627 663 49 and and CC 31627 663 50 has have VBZ 31627 663 51 enjoyed enjoy VBN 31627 663 52 an an DT 31627 663 53 immunity immunity NN 31627 663 54 which which WDT 31627 663 55 does do VBZ 31627 663 56 not not RB 31627 663 57 belong belong VB 31627 663 58 to to IN 31627 663 59 the the DT 31627 663 60 southern southern JJ 31627 663 61 and and CC 31627 663 62 western western JJ 31627 663 63 side side NN 31627 663 64 . . . 31627 664 1 If if IN 31627 664 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 664 3 look look VBP 31627 664 4 at at IN 31627 664 5 a a DT 31627 664 6 map map NN 31627 664 7 of of IN 31627 664 8 the the DT 31627 664 9 mountain mountain NN 31627 664 10 showing show VBG 31627 664 11 the the DT 31627 664 12 direction direction NN 31627 664 13 of of IN 31627 664 14 the the DT 31627 664 15 streams stream NNS 31627 664 16 during during IN 31627 664 17 the the DT 31627 664 18 last last JJ 31627 664 19 three three CD 31627 664 20 centuries,[13 centuries,[13 CD 31627 664 21 ] ] -RRB- 31627 664 22 we -PRON- PRP 31627 664 23 observe observe VBP 31627 664 24 that that IN 31627 664 25 all all PDT 31627 664 26 the the DT 31627 664 27 streams stream NNS 31627 664 28 of of IN 31627 664 29 that that DT 31627 664 30 period period NN 31627 664 31 flowed flow VBD 31627 664 32 down down RP 31627 664 33 on on IN 31627 664 34 the the DT 31627 664 35 side side NN 31627 664 36 overlooking overlook VBG 31627 664 37 the the DT 31627 664 38 Bay Bay NNP 31627 664 39 of of IN 31627 664 40 Naples Naples NNP 31627 664 41 ; ; : 31627 664 42 on on IN 31627 664 43 the the DT 31627 664 44 opposite opposite JJ 31627 664 45 side side NN 31627 664 46 the the DT 31627 664 47 wall wall NN 31627 664 48 of of IN 31627 664 49 Monte Monte NNP 31627 664 50 di di NNP 31627 664 51 Somma Somma NNP 31627 664 52 presents present VBZ 31627 664 53 an an DT 31627 664 54 unbroken unbroken JJ 31627 664 55 front front NN 31627 664 56 to to IN 31627 664 57 the the DT 31627 664 58 lava lava NN 31627 664 59 - - HYPH 31627 664 60 streams stream NNS 31627 664 61 . . . 31627 665 1 From from IN 31627 665 2 this this DT 31627 665 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 665 4 may may MD 31627 665 5 be be VB 31627 665 6 inferred infer VBN 31627 665 7 that that IN 31627 665 8 one one CD 31627 665 9 side side NN 31627 665 10 , , , 31627 665 11 the the DT 31627 665 12 west west NNP 31627 665 13 , , , 31627 665 14 is be VBZ 31627 665 15 weaker weak JJR 31627 665 16 than than IN 31627 665 17 the the DT 31627 665 18 other other JJ 31627 665 19 ; ; : 31627 665 20 and and CC 31627 665 21 consequently consequently RB 31627 665 22 , , , 31627 665 23 when when WRB 31627 665 24 the the DT 31627 665 25 lava lava NN 31627 665 26 and and CC 31627 665 27 vapours vapour NNS 31627 665 28 are be VBP 31627 665 29 being be VBG 31627 665 30 forced force VBN 31627 665 31 upwards upwards RB 31627 665 32 , , , 31627 665 33 under under IN 31627 665 34 enormous enormous JJ 31627 665 35 pressure pressure NN 31627 665 36 from from IN 31627 665 37 beneath beneath NNP 31627 665 38 , , , 31627 665 39 the the DT 31627 665 40 western western JJ 31627 665 41 side side NN 31627 665 42 gives give VBZ 31627 665 43 way way NN 31627 665 44 under under IN 31627 665 45 the the DT 31627 665 46 strain strain NN 31627 665 47 , , , 31627 665 48 as as IN 31627 665 49 in in IN 31627 665 50 the the DT 31627 665 51 case case NN 31627 665 52 of of IN 31627 665 53 the the DT 31627 665 54 fissure fissure NN 31627 665 55 of of IN 31627 665 56 1872 1872 CD 31627 665 57 , , , 31627 665 58 and and CC 31627 665 59 the the DT 31627 665 60 lava lava NN 31627 665 61 and and CC 31627 665 62 vapours vapour NNS 31627 665 63 find find VBP 31627 665 64 means mean NNS 31627 665 65 of of IN 31627 665 66 escape escape NN 31627 665 67 . . . 31627 666 1 From from IN 31627 666 2 what what WP 31627 666 3 has have VBZ 31627 666 4 happened happen VBN 31627 666 5 in in IN 31627 666 6 the the DT 31627 666 7 past past NN 31627 666 8 it -PRON- PRP 31627 666 9 is be VBZ 31627 666 10 clear clear JJ 31627 666 11 that that IN 31627 666 12 no no DT 31627 666 13 place place NN 31627 666 14 on on IN 31627 666 15 the the DT 31627 666 16 western western JJ 31627 666 17 side side NN 31627 666 18 of of IN 31627 666 19 the the DT 31627 666 20 mountain mountain NN 31627 666 21 is be VBZ 31627 666 22 entirely entirely RB 31627 666 23 safe safe JJ 31627 666 24 from from IN 31627 666 25 devastation devastation NN 31627 666 26 by by IN 31627 666 27 floods flood NNS 31627 666 28 of of IN 31627 666 29 lava lava NN 31627 666 30 ; ; : 31627 666 31 while while IN 31627 666 32 the the DT 31627 666 33 prevalent prevalent JJ 31627 666 34 winds wind NNS 31627 666 35 tend tend VBP 31627 666 36 to to TO 31627 666 37 carry carry VB 31627 666 38 the the DT 31627 666 39 ashes ashe NNS 31627 666 40 and and CC 31627 666 41 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 666 42 , , , 31627 666 43 which which WDT 31627 666 44 are be VBP 31627 666 45 hurled hurl VBN 31627 666 46 into into IN 31627 666 47 the the DT 31627 666 48 air air NN 31627 666 49 , , , 31627 666 50 in in IN 31627 666 51 the the DT 31627 666 52 same same JJ 31627 666 53 westerly westerly JJ 31627 666 54 direction direction NN 31627 666 55 . . . 31627 667 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 667 2 1 1 CD 31627 667 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 667 4 For for IN 31627 667 5 an an DT 31627 667 6 excellent excellent JJ 31627 667 7 view view NN 31627 667 8 of of IN 31627 667 9 this this DT 31627 667 10 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 667 11 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 667 12 group group NN 31627 667 13 see see VBP 31627 667 14 Judd Judd NNP 31627 667 15 's 's POS 31627 667 16 _ _ NNP 31627 667 17 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 667 18 _ _ NNP 31627 667 19 , , , 31627 667 20 4th 4th JJ 31627 667 21 edition edition NN 31627 667 22 , , , 31627 667 23 p. p. NN 31627 667 24 43 43 CD 31627 667 25 . . . 31627 668 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 668 2 2 2 CD 31627 668 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 668 4 Plutarch Plutarch NNP 31627 668 5 , , , 31627 668 6 _ _ NNP 31627 668 7 Life Life NNP 31627 668 8 of of IN 31627 668 9 Cassius Cassius NNP 31627 668 10 _ _ NNP 31627 668 11 ; ; : 31627 668 12 _ _ NNP 31627 668 13 ed ed NNP 31627 668 14 . . . 31627 669 1 Reiske Reiske NNP 31627 669 2 _ _ NNP 31627 669 3 , , , 31627 669 4 vol vol NNP 31627 669 5 . . . 31627 670 1 iii iii NNP 31627 670 2 . . . 31627 671 1 p. p. NN 31627 671 2 240 240 CD 31627 671 3 . . . 31627 672 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 672 2 3 3 LS 31627 672 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 672 4 Strabo Strabo NNP 31627 672 5 gives give VBZ 31627 672 6 the the DT 31627 672 7 following follow VBG 31627 672 8 account account NN 31627 672 9 of of IN 31627 672 10 the the DT 31627 672 11 appearance appearance NN 31627 672 12 and and CC 31627 672 13 condition condition NN 31627 672 14 of of IN 31627 672 15 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 672 16 in in IN 31627 672 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 672 18 day:--"Supra day:--"supra NN 31627 672 19 hæc hæc NNP 31627 672 20 loca loca NNP 31627 672 21 situs situs NN 31627 672 22 est est NNP 31627 672 23 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 672 24 mons mon NNS 31627 672 25 , , , 31627 672 26 agris agris NNP 31627 672 27 cinctus cinctus NNP 31627 672 28 optimis optimis NNP 31627 672 29 ; ; : 31627 672 30 dempto dempto NNP 31627 672 31 vertice vertice NNP 31627 672 32 , , , 31627 672 33 qui qui NNP 31627 672 34 magna magna NNPS 31627 672 35 sui sui NNP 31627 672 36 parte parte NNP 31627 672 37 planus planus NNP 31627 672 38 , , , 31627 672 39 totus totus NNP 31627 672 40 sterilis sterilis NNP 31627 672 41 est est NNP 31627 672 42 , , , 31627 672 43 adspectu adspectu NNP 31627 672 44 sinereus sinereus NNP 31627 672 45 , , , 31627 672 46 cavernasque cavernasque NNP 31627 672 47 ostendens ostendens NNP 31627 672 48 fistularum fistularum NNP 31627 672 49 plenas plenas NNP 31627 672 50 et et NNP 31627 672 51 lapidum lapidum NNP 31627 672 52 colore colore NNP 31627 672 53 fuliginoso fuliginoso NNP 31627 672 54 , , , 31627 672 55 utpote utpote NNP 31627 672 56 ab ab NNP 31627 672 57 igni igni NNP 31627 672 58 exesorum exesorum NNP 31627 672 59 . . . 31627 673 1 Ut ut IN 31627 673 2 conjectarum conjectarum JJ 31627 673 3 facere facere NN 31627 673 4 possis possis NN 31627 673 5 , , , 31627 673 6 ista ista NNP 31627 673 7 loca loca NNP 31627 673 8 quondam quondam NNP 31627 673 9 arsisse arsisse NNP 31627 673 10 et et NNP 31627 673 11 crateras crateras NNP 31627 673 12 ignis ignis NNP 31627 673 13 habuisse habuisse NNP 31627 673 14 , , , 31627 673 15 deinde deinde NNP 31627 673 16 materia materia NNP 31627 673 17 deficiente deficiente NNP 31627 673 18 restricta restricta NNP 31627 673 19 fuisse fuisse NN 31627 673 20 . . . 31627 673 21 "--_Rer "--_Rer '' 31627 673 22 . . . 31627 674 1 Geog Geog NNP 31627 674 2 . . . 31627 674 3 _ _ NNP 31627 674 4 , , , 31627 674 5 lib lib NNP 31627 674 6 . . . 31627 675 1 v. v. CC 31627 675 2 [ [ -LRB- 31627 675 3 4 4 CD 31627 675 4 ] ] -RRB- 31627 675 5 A a DT 31627 675 6 tablet tablet NN 31627 675 7 over over IN 31627 675 8 the the DT 31627 675 9 entrance entrance NN 31627 675 10 records record NNS 31627 675 11 this this DT 31627 675 12 act act NN 31627 675 13 of of IN 31627 675 14 pious pious JJ 31627 675 15 liberality liberality NN 31627 675 16 , , , 31627 675 17 and and CC 31627 675 18 is be VBZ 31627 675 19 given give VBN 31627 675 20 by by IN 31627 675 21 Phillips Phillips NNP 31627 675 22 , , , 31627 675 23 _ _ NNP 31627 675 24 loc loc NN 31627 675 25 . . . 31627 676 1 cit cit NNP 31627 676 2 . . . 31627 676 3 _ _ NNP 31627 676 4 , , , 31627 676 5 p. p. NN 31627 676 6 12 12 CD 31627 676 7 . . . 31627 677 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 677 2 5 5 CD 31627 677 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 677 4 The the DT 31627 677 5 stone stone NN 31627 677 6 pine pine NN 31627 677 7 , , , 31627 677 8 _ _ NNP 31627 677 9 Pinus Pinus NNP 31627 677 10 pinea pinea RB 31627 677 11 _ _ NNP 31627 677 12 , , , 31627 677 13 which which WDT 31627 677 14 Turner Turner NNP 31627 677 15 knew know VBD 31627 677 16 how how WRB 31627 677 17 to to TO 31627 677 18 use use VB 31627 677 19 with with IN 31627 677 20 so so RB 31627 677 21 much much JJ 31627 677 22 effect effect NN 31627 677 23 in in IN 31627 677 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 677 25 Italian italian JJ 31627 677 26 landscapes landscape NNS 31627 677 27 . . . 31627 678 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 678 2 6 6 CD 31627 678 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 678 4 Bulwer Bulwer NNP 31627 678 5 Lytton Lytton NNP 31627 678 6 's 's POS 31627 678 7 _ _ NNP 31627 678 8 Last Last NNP 31627 678 9 Days day NNS 31627 678 10 of of IN 31627 678 11 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 31627 678 12 _ _ NNP 31627 678 13 presents present VBZ 31627 678 14 to to IN 31627 678 15 the the DT 31627 678 16 reader reader NN 31627 678 17 a a DT 31627 678 18 graphic graphic JJ 31627 678 19 picture picture NN 31627 678 20 of of IN 31627 678 21 the the DT 31627 678 22 terrible terrible JJ 31627 678 23 event event NN 31627 678 24 here here RB 31627 678 25 referred refer VBD 31627 678 26 to:--"The to:--"The NNP 31627 678 27 eyes eye NNS 31627 678 28 of of IN 31627 678 29 the the DT 31627 678 30 crowd crowd NN 31627 678 31 followed follow VBD 31627 678 32 the the DT 31627 678 33 gesture gesture NN 31627 678 34 of of IN 31627 678 35 the the DT 31627 678 36 Egyptian Egyptian NNP 31627 678 37 , , , 31627 678 38 and and CC 31627 678 39 beheld beheld NN 31627 678 40 with with IN 31627 678 41 ineffable ineffable JJ 31627 678 42 dismay dismay NN 31627 678 43 a a DT 31627 678 44 vast vast JJ 31627 678 45 vapour vapour NN 31627 678 46 shooting shoot VBG 31627 678 47 from from IN 31627 678 48 the the DT 31627 678 49 summit summit NN 31627 678 50 of of IN 31627 678 51 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 678 52 , , , 31627 678 53 in in IN 31627 678 54 the the DT 31627 678 55 form form NN 31627 678 56 of of IN 31627 678 57 a a DT 31627 678 58 gigantic gigantic JJ 31627 678 59 pine pine NN 31627 678 60 tree tree NN 31627 678 61 ; ; : 31627 678 62 the the DT 31627 678 63 trunk trunk NN 31627 678 64 -- -- : 31627 678 65 blackness blackness NN 31627 678 66 , , , 31627 678 67 the the DT 31627 678 68 branches branch NNS 31627 678 69 -- -- : 31627 678 70 fire fire NN 31627 678 71 ! ! . 31627 679 1 A a DT 31627 679 2 fire fire NN 31627 679 3 that that WDT 31627 679 4 shifted shift VBD 31627 679 5 and and CC 31627 679 6 wavered waver VBD 31627 679 7 in in IN 31627 679 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 679 9 hues hue NNS 31627 679 10 with with IN 31627 679 11 every every DT 31627 679 12 moment moment NN 31627 679 13 -- -- : 31627 679 14 now now RB 31627 679 15 fiercely fiercely RB 31627 679 16 luminous luminous JJ 31627 679 17 , , , 31627 679 18 now now RB 31627 679 19 of of IN 31627 679 20 a a DT 31627 679 21 dull dull JJ 31627 679 22 and and CC 31627 679 23 dying die VBG 31627 679 24 red red JJ 31627 679 25 that that WDT 31627 679 26 again again RB 31627 679 27 blazed blaze VBD 31627 679 28 terrifically terrifically RB 31627 679 29 forth forth RB 31627 679 30 with with IN 31627 679 31 intolerable intolerable JJ 31627 679 32 glare glare NN 31627 679 33 ! ! . 31627 679 34 ... ... . 31627 680 1 Then then RB 31627 680 2 there there EX 31627 680 3 arose arise VBD 31627 680 4 on on IN 31627 680 5 high high JJ 31627 680 6 the the DT 31627 680 7 shrieks shriek NNS 31627 680 8 of of IN 31627 680 9 women woman NNS 31627 680 10 ; ; : 31627 680 11 the the DT 31627 680 12 men man NNS 31627 680 13 stared stare VBD 31627 680 14 at at IN 31627 680 15 each each DT 31627 680 16 other other JJ 31627 680 17 , , , 31627 680 18 but but CC 31627 680 19 were be VBD 31627 680 20 speechless speechless JJ 31627 680 21 . . . 31627 681 1 At at IN 31627 681 2 that that DT 31627 681 3 moment moment NN 31627 681 4 they -PRON- PRP 31627 681 5 felt feel VBD 31627 681 6 the the DT 31627 681 7 earth earth NN 31627 681 8 shake shake VB 31627 681 9 beneath beneath IN 31627 681 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 681 11 feet foot NNS 31627 681 12 ; ; , 31627 681 13 the the DT 31627 681 14 walls wall NNS 31627 681 15 of of IN 31627 681 16 the the DT 31627 681 17 theatre theatre NN 31627 681 18 trembled tremble VBD 31627 681 19 ; ; : 31627 681 20 and and CC 31627 681 21 beyond beyond IN 31627 681 22 , , , 31627 681 23 in in IN 31627 681 24 the the DT 31627 681 25 distance distance NN 31627 681 26 , , , 31627 681 27 they -PRON- PRP 31627 681 28 heard hear VBD 31627 681 29 the the DT 31627 681 30 crash crash NN 31627 681 31 of of IN 31627 681 32 falling fall VBG 31627 681 33 roofs roof NNS 31627 681 34 ; ; : 31627 681 35 an an DT 31627 681 36 instant instant NN 31627 681 37 more more JJR 31627 681 38 and and CC 31627 681 39 the the DT 31627 681 40 mountain mountain NN 31627 681 41 - - HYPH 31627 681 42 cloud cloud NN 31627 681 43 seemed seem VBD 31627 681 44 to to TO 31627 681 45 roll roll VB 31627 681 46 towards towards IN 31627 681 47 them -PRON- PRP 31627 681 48 , , , 31627 681 49 dark dark JJ 31627 681 50 and and CC 31627 681 51 rapid rapid JJ 31627 681 52 ; ; : 31627 681 53 at at IN 31627 681 54 the the DT 31627 681 55 same same JJ 31627 681 56 time time NN 31627 681 57 it -PRON- PRP 31627 681 58 cast cast VBD 31627 681 59 forth forth RB 31627 681 60 from from IN 31627 681 61 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 681 62 bosom bosom NN 31627 681 63 a a DT 31627 681 64 shower shower NN 31627 681 65 of of IN 31627 681 66 ashes ashe NNS 31627 681 67 mixed mix VBN 31627 681 68 with with IN 31627 681 69 vast vast JJ 31627 681 70 fragments fragment NNS 31627 681 71 of of IN 31627 681 72 burning burn VBG 31627 681 73 stone stone NN 31627 681 74 . . . 31627 682 1 Over over IN 31627 682 2 the the DT 31627 682 3 crushing crush VBG 31627 682 4 vines vine NNS 31627 682 5 -- -- : 31627 682 6 over over IN 31627 682 7 the the DT 31627 682 8 desolate desolate JJ 31627 682 9 streets street NNS 31627 682 10 -- -- : 31627 682 11 over over IN 31627 682 12 the the DT 31627 682 13 amphitheatre amphitheatre NNP 31627 682 14 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 682 15 -- -- : 31627 682 16 far far RB 31627 682 17 and and CC 31627 682 18 wide wide RB 31627 682 19 , , , 31627 682 20 with with IN 31627 682 21 many many PDT 31627 682 22 a a DT 31627 682 23 mighty mighty JJ 31627 682 24 splash splash NN 31627 682 25 in in IN 31627 682 26 the the DT 31627 682 27 agitated agitated JJ 31627 682 28 sea sea NN 31627 682 29 , , , 31627 682 30 fell fall VBD 31627 682 31 that that IN 31627 682 32 awful awful JJ 31627 682 33 shower shower NN 31627 682 34 . . . 31627 682 35 " " '' 31627 683 1 A a DT 31627 683 2 visit visit NN 31627 683 3 to to IN 31627 683 4 the the DT 31627 683 5 disinterred disinter VBN 31627 683 6 city city NN 31627 683 7 will will MD 31627 683 8 probably probably RB 31627 683 9 produce produce VB 31627 683 10 on on IN 31627 683 11 the the DT 31627 683 12 mind mind NN 31627 683 13 a a DT 31627 683 14 still still RB 31627 683 15 more more RBR 31627 683 16 lasting lasting JJ 31627 683 17 and and CC 31627 683 18 vivid vivid JJ 31627 683 19 impression impression NN 31627 683 20 of of IN 31627 683 21 the the DT 31627 683 22 swift swift JJ 31627 683 23 destruction destruction NN 31627 683 24 which which WDT 31627 683 25 overtook overtake VBD 31627 683 26 this this DT 31627 683 27 city city NN 31627 683 28 . . . 31627 684 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 684 2 7 7 CD 31627 684 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 684 4 Quoted quote VBN 31627 684 5 by by IN 31627 684 6 Phillips Phillips NNP 31627 684 7 , , , 31627 684 8 _ _ NNP 31627 684 9 loc loc NN 31627 684 10 . . . 31627 685 1 cit cit NNP 31627 685 2 . . . 31627 685 3 _ _ NNP 31627 685 4 , , , 31627 685 5 p. p. NN 31627 685 6 45 45 CD 31627 685 7 . . . 31627 686 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 686 2 8 8 CD 31627 686 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 686 4 _ _ NNP 31627 686 5 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 686 6 _ _ NNP 31627 686 7 , , , 31627 686 8 p. p. NN 31627 686 9 72 72 CD 31627 686 10 _ _ NNP 31627 686 11 et et NNP 31627 686 12 seq seq NN 31627 686 13 . . . 31627 686 14 _ _ NNP 31627 686 15 [ [ -LRB- 31627 686 16 9 9 CD 31627 686 17 ] ] -RRB- 31627 686 18 Johnston Johnston NNP 31627 686 19 - - HYPH 31627 686 20 Lavis Lavis NNP 31627 686 21 , , , 31627 686 22 " " `` 31627 686 23 On on IN 31627 686 24 the the DT 31627 686 25 Geology Geology NNP 31627 686 26 of of IN 31627 686 27 Monti Monti NNP 31627 686 28 Somma Somma NNP 31627 686 29 and and CC 31627 686 30 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 686 31 , , , 31627 686 32 " " '' 31627 686 33 _ _ NNP 31627 686 34 Quart Quart NNP 31627 686 35 . . . 31627 687 1 Jour Jour NNP 31627 687 2 . . . 31627 688 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 688 2 . . . 31627 689 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 689 2 . . . 31627 689 3 _ _ NNP 31627 689 4 , , , 31627 689 5 vol vol NNP 31627 689 6 . . . 31627 690 1 40 40 CD 31627 690 2 ( ( -LRB- 31627 690 3 1884 1884 CD 31627 690 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 690 5 . . . 31627 691 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 691 2 10 10 CD 31627 691 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 691 4 Palmieri Palmieri NNP 31627 691 5 , , , 31627 691 6 _ _ NNP 31627 691 7 Eruption Eruption NNP 31627 691 8 of of IN 31627 691 9 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 691 10 in in IN 31627 691 11 1872 1872 CD 31627 691 12 _ _ NNP 31627 691 13 , , , 31627 691 14 with with IN 31627 691 15 notes note NNS 31627 691 16 , , , 31627 691 17 etc etc FW 31627 691 18 . . FW 31627 691 19 , , , 31627 691 20 by by IN 31627 691 21 Robert Robert NNP 31627 691 22 Mallet Mallet NNP 31627 691 23 , , , 31627 691 24 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 31627 692 1 London London NNP 31627 692 2 , , , 31627 692 3 1873 1873 CD 31627 692 4 . . . 31627 693 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 693 2 11 11 CD 31627 693 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 693 4 Those those DT 31627 693 5 who who WP 31627 693 6 lost lose VBD 31627 693 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 693 8 lives life NNS 31627 693 9 were be VBD 31627 693 10 medical medical JJ 31627 693 11 students student NNS 31627 693 12 , , , 31627 693 13 and and CC 31627 693 14 an an DT 31627 693 15 Assistant Assistant NNP 31627 693 16 Professor Professor NNP 31627 693 17 in in IN 31627 693 18 the the DT 31627 693 19 University University NNP 31627 693 20 , , , 31627 693 21 Antonio Antonio NNP 31627 693 22 Giannone Giannone NNP 31627 693 23 by by IN 31627 693 24 name name NN 31627 693 25 . . . 31627 694 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 694 2 12 12 CD 31627 694 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 694 4 Involving involve VBG 31627 694 5 , , , 31627 694 6 as as IN 31627 694 7 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 694 8 Mallet Mallet NNP 31627 694 9 calculates calculate VBZ 31627 694 10 , , , 31627 694 11 an an DT 31627 694 12 initial initial JJ 31627 694 13 velocity velocity NN 31627 694 14 of of IN 31627 694 15 projection projection NN 31627 694 16 of of IN 31627 694 17 above above IN 31627 694 18 600 600 CD 31627 694 19 feet foot NNS 31627 694 20 per per IN 31627 694 21 second second NN 31627 694 22 . . . 31627 695 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 695 2 13 13 CD 31627 695 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 695 4 Such such JJ 31627 695 5 as as IN 31627 695 6 that that DT 31627 695 7 given give VBN 31627 695 8 by by IN 31627 695 9 Professor Professor NNP 31627 695 10 Phillips Phillips NNP 31627 695 11 in in IN 31627 695 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 695 13 _ _ NNP 31627 695 14 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 695 15 _ _ NNP 31627 695 16 . . . 31627 696 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 696 2 II II NNP 31627 696 3 . . . 31627 697 1 ETNA ETNA NNP 31627 697 2 . . . 31627 698 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 698 2 _ _ NNP 31627 698 3 a. a. NN 31627 698 4 _ _ NNP 31627 698 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 698 6 _ _ NNP 31627 698 7 Structure Structure NNP 31627 698 8 of of IN 31627 698 9 the the DT 31627 698 10 Mountain._--Etna mountain._--etna NN 31627 698 11 , , , 31627 698 12 unlike unlike IN 31627 698 13 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 698 14 , , , 31627 698 15 has have VBZ 31627 698 16 ever ever RB 31627 698 17 been be VBN 31627 698 18 a a DT 31627 698 19 burning burn VBG 31627 698 20 mountain mountain NN 31627 698 21 ; ; : 31627 698 22 hence hence RB 31627 698 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 698 24 was be VBD 31627 698 25 well well RB 31627 698 26 known know VBN 31627 698 27 as as IN 31627 698 28 such such JJ 31627 698 29 to to IN 31627 698 30 classic classic JJ 31627 698 31 writers writer NNS 31627 698 32 before before IN 31627 698 33 the the DT 31627 698 34 Christian christian JJ 31627 698 35 era era NN 31627 698 36 . . . 31627 699 1 The the DT 31627 699 2 structure structure NN 31627 699 3 and and CC 31627 699 4 features feature NNS 31627 699 5 of of IN 31627 699 6 this this DT 31627 699 7 magnificent magnificent JJ 31627 699 8 mountain mountain NN 31627 699 9 have have VBP 31627 699 10 been be VBN 31627 699 11 abundantly abundantly RB 31627 699 12 illustrated illustrate VBN 31627 699 13 by by IN 31627 699 14 Elie Elie NNP 31627 699 15 de de NNP 31627 699 16 Beaumont,[1 Beaumont,[1 NNP 31627 699 17 ] ] -RRB- 31627 699 18 Daubeny,[2 Daubeny,[2 NNP 31627 699 19 ] ] -RRB- 31627 699 20 Baron Baron NNP 31627 699 21 von von NNP 31627 699 22 Waltershausen,[3 Waltershausen,[3 NNP 31627 699 23 ] ] -RRB- 31627 699 24 and and CC 31627 699 25 Lyell,[4 Lyell,[4 NNP 31627 699 26 ] ] -RRB- 31627 699 27 of of IN 31627 699 28 whose whose WP$ 31627 699 29 writings writing NNS 31627 699 30 I -PRON- PRP 31627 699 31 shall shall MD 31627 699 32 freely freely RB 31627 699 33 avail avail VB 31627 699 34 myself -PRON- PRP 31627 699 35 in in IN 31627 699 36 the the DT 31627 699 37 following following JJ 31627 699 38 account account NN 31627 699 39 , , , 31627 699 40 not not RB 31627 699 41 having have VBG 31627 699 42 had have VBN 31627 699 43 the the DT 31627 699 44 advantage advantage NN 31627 699 45 of of IN 31627 699 46 a a DT 31627 699 47 personal personal JJ 31627 699 48 examination examination NN 31627 699 49 of of IN 31627 699 50 this this DT 31627 699 51 region region NN 31627 699 52 . . . 31627 700 1 _ _ NNP 31627 700 2 Structure Structure NNP 31627 700 3 of of IN 31627 700 4 Etna._--So etna._--so NN 31627 700 5 large large JJ 31627 700 6 is be VBZ 31627 700 7 Etna Etna NNP 31627 700 8 that that IN 31627 700 9 it -PRON- PRP 31627 700 10 would would MD 31627 700 11 enclose enclose VB 31627 700 12 within within IN 31627 700 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 700 14 ample ample JJ 31627 700 15 skirts skirt NNS 31627 700 16 several several JJ 31627 700 17 cones cone NNS 31627 700 18 of of IN 31627 700 19 the the DT 31627 700 20 size size NN 31627 700 21 of of IN 31627 700 22 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 700 23 . . . 31627 701 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 701 2 rises rise VBZ 31627 701 3 to to IN 31627 701 4 a a DT 31627 701 5 height height NN 31627 701 6 of of IN 31627 701 7 nearly nearly RB 31627 701 8 11,000 11,000 CD 31627 701 9 feet foot NNS 31627 701 10 above above IN 31627 701 11 the the DT 31627 701 12 waters water NNS 31627 701 13 of of IN 31627 701 14 the the DT 31627 701 15 Mediterranean,[5 mediterranean,[5 NN 31627 701 16 ] ] -RRB- 31627 701 17 and and CC 31627 701 18 is be VBZ 31627 701 19 planted plant VBN 31627 701 20 on on IN 31627 701 21 a a DT 31627 701 22 floor floor NN 31627 701 23 consisting consist VBG 31627 701 24 of of IN 31627 701 25 stratified stratified JJ 31627 701 26 marine marine JJ 31627 701 27 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 701 28 matter matter NN 31627 701 29 , , , 31627 701 30 with with IN 31627 701 31 clays clay NNS 31627 701 32 , , , 31627 701 33 sands sand VBZ 31627 701 34 , , , 31627 701 35 and and CC 31627 701 36 limestones limestone NNS 31627 701 37 of of IN 31627 701 38 newer new JJR 31627 701 39 Pliocene Pliocene NNP 31627 701 40 age age NN 31627 701 41 . . . 31627 702 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 702 2 base base NN 31627 702 3 is be VBZ 31627 702 4 nearly nearly RB 31627 702 5 circular circular JJ 31627 702 6 , , , 31627 702 7 and and CC 31627 702 8 has have VBZ 31627 702 9 a a DT 31627 702 10 circumference circumference NN 31627 702 11 of of IN 31627 702 12 87 87 CD 31627 702 13 English english JJ 31627 702 14 miles mile NNS 31627 702 15 . . . 31627 703 1 In in IN 31627 703 2 ascending ascend VBG 31627 703 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 703 4 flanks flank NNS 31627 703 5 we -PRON- PRP 31627 703 6 pass pass VBP 31627 703 7 successively successively RB 31627 703 8 over over IN 31627 703 9 three three CD 31627 703 10 well well RB 31627 703 11 - - HYPH 31627 703 12 defined define VBN 31627 703 13 physical physical JJ 31627 703 14 zones zone NNS 31627 703 15 : : : 31627 703 16 the the DT 31627 703 17 lowest low JJS 31627 703 18 , , , 31627 703 19 or or CC 31627 703 20 fertile fertile JJ 31627 703 21 zone zone NN 31627 703 22 , , , 31627 703 23 comprising comprise VBG 31627 703 24 the the DT 31627 703 25 tract tract NN 31627 703 26 around around IN 31627 703 27 the the DT 31627 703 28 skirts skirt NNS 31627 703 29 of of IN 31627 703 30 the the DT 31627 703 31 mountain mountain NN 31627 703 32 up up RP 31627 703 33 to to IN 31627 703 34 a a DT 31627 703 35 level level NN 31627 703 36 of of IN 31627 703 37 about about RB 31627 703 38 2500 2500 CD 31627 703 39 feet foot NNS 31627 703 40 , , , 31627 703 41 being be VBG 31627 703 42 well well RB 31627 703 43 cultivated cultivate VBN 31627 703 44 and and CC 31627 703 45 covered cover VBN 31627 703 46 by by IN 31627 703 47 dwellings dwelling NNS 31627 703 48 surrounded surround VBN 31627 703 49 by by IN 31627 703 50 olive olive NN 31627 703 51 groves grove NNS 31627 703 52 , , , 31627 703 53 fields field NNS 31627 703 54 , , , 31627 703 55 vineyards vineyard NNS 31627 703 56 , , , 31627 703 57 and and CC 31627 703 58 fruit fruit NN 31627 703 59 - - HYPH 31627 703 60 trees tree NNS 31627 703 61 ; ; : 31627 703 62 the the DT 31627 703 63 second second JJ 31627 703 64 , , , 31627 703 65 or or CC 31627 703 66 forest forest NN 31627 703 67 zone zone NN 31627 703 68 , , , 31627 703 69 extending extend VBG 31627 703 70 to to IN 31627 703 71 a a DT 31627 703 72 level level NN 31627 703 73 of of IN 31627 703 74 about about RB 31627 703 75 6270 6270 CD 31627 703 76 feet foot NNS 31627 703 77 , , , 31627 703 78 clothed clothe VBD 31627 703 79 with with IN 31627 703 80 chestnut chestnut NN 31627 703 81 , , , 31627 703 82 oak oak NN 31627 703 83 , , , 31627 703 84 beech beech NNP 31627 703 85 , , , 31627 703 86 and and CC 31627 703 87 cork cork NN 31627 703 88 trees tree NNS 31627 703 89 , , , 31627 703 90 giving give VBG 31627 703 91 place place NN 31627 703 92 to to IN 31627 703 93 pines pine NNS 31627 703 94 ; ; : 31627 703 95 and and CC 31627 703 96 the the DT 31627 703 97 third third JJ 31627 703 98 , , , 31627 703 99 extending extend VBG 31627 703 100 to to IN 31627 703 101 the the DT 31627 703 102 summit summit NN 31627 703 103 and and CC 31627 703 104 called call VBD 31627 703 105 " " `` 31627 703 106 the the DT 31627 703 107 desert desert NN 31627 703 108 region region NN 31627 703 109 , , , 31627 703 110 " " '' 31627 703 111 a a DT 31627 703 112 waste waste NN 31627 703 113 of of IN 31627 703 114 black black JJ 31627 703 115 lava lava NN 31627 703 116 and and CC 31627 703 117 scoriæ scoriæ NN 31627 703 118 with with IN 31627 703 119 mighty mighty JJ 31627 703 120 crags crag NNS 31627 703 121 and and CC 31627 703 122 precipices precipice NNS 31627 703 123 , , , 31627 703 124 terminating terminate VBG 31627 703 125 in in IN 31627 703 126 a a DT 31627 703 127 snow snow NN 31627 703 128 - - HYPH 31627 703 129 clad clothe VBN 31627 703 130 tableland tableland NN 31627 703 131 , , , 31627 703 132 from from IN 31627 703 133 which which WDT 31627 703 134 rises rise VBZ 31627 703 135 the the DT 31627 703 136 central central JJ 31627 703 137 cone cone NN 31627 703 138 , , , 31627 703 139 1100 1100 CD 31627 703 140 feet foot NNS 31627 703 141 high high JJ 31627 703 142 , , , 31627 703 143 emitting emit VBG 31627 703 144 continually continually RB 31627 703 145 steam steam NN 31627 703 146 and and CC 31627 703 147 sulphurous sulphurous JJ 31627 703 148 vapours vapour NNS 31627 703 149 , , , 31627 703 150 and and CC 31627 703 151 in in IN 31627 703 152 the the DT 31627 703 153 course course NN 31627 703 154 of of IN 31627 703 155 almost almost RB 31627 703 156 every every DT 31627 703 157 century century NN 31627 703 158 sending send VBG 31627 703 159 forth forth RP 31627 703 160 streams stream NNS 31627 703 161 of of IN 31627 703 162 molten molten JJ 31627 703 163 lava lava NN 31627 703 164 . . . 31627 704 1 The the DT 31627 704 2 forest forest NN 31627 704 3 zone zone NN 31627 704 4 is be VBZ 31627 704 5 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 704 6 for for IN 31627 704 7 the the DT 31627 704 8 great great JJ 31627 704 9 number number NN 31627 704 10 of of IN 31627 704 11 minor minor JJ 31627 704 12 craters crater NNS 31627 704 13 which which WDT 31627 704 14 rise rise VBP 31627 704 15 up up RP 31627 704 16 from from IN 31627 704 17 the the DT 31627 704 18 midst midst NN 31627 704 19 of of IN 31627 704 20 the the DT 31627 704 21 foliage foliage NN 31627 704 22 , , , 31627 704 23 and and CC 31627 704 24 are be VBP 31627 704 25 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 704 26 clothed clothe VBN 31627 704 27 with with IN 31627 704 28 trees tree NNS 31627 704 29 . . . 31627 705 1 Sartorius Sartorius NNP 31627 705 2 von von NNP 31627 705 3 Waltershausen Waltershausen NNP 31627 705 4 has have VBZ 31627 705 5 laid lay VBN 31627 705 6 down down RP 31627 705 7 on on IN 31627 705 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 705 9 map map NN 31627 705 10 of of IN 31627 705 11 Etna Etna NNP 31627 705 12 about about IN 31627 705 13 200 200 CD 31627 705 14 of of IN 31627 705 15 these these DT 31627 705 16 cones cone NNS 31627 705 17 and and CC 31627 705 18 craters crater NNS 31627 705 19 , , , 31627 705 20 some some DT 31627 705 21 of of IN 31627 705 22 which which WDT 31627 705 23 , , , 31627 705 24 like like IN 31627 705 25 those those DT 31627 705 26 of of IN 31627 705 27 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 705 28 , , , 31627 705 29 have have VBP 31627 705 30 been be VBN 31627 705 31 broken break VBN 31627 705 32 down down RP 31627 705 33 on on IN 31627 705 34 one one CD 31627 705 35 side side NN 31627 705 36 . . . 31627 706 1 Many many JJ 31627 706 2 of of IN 31627 706 3 these these DT 31627 706 4 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 706 5 of of IN 31627 706 6 second second JJ 31627 706 7 or or CC 31627 706 8 third third JJ 31627 706 9 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 706 10 lie lie NN 31627 706 11 outside outside IN 31627 706 12 the the DT 31627 706 13 forest forest NN 31627 706 14 zone zone NN 31627 706 15 , , , 31627 706 16 both both CC 31627 706 17 above above IN 31627 706 18 and and CC 31627 706 19 below below IN 31627 706 20 it -PRON- PRP 31627 706 21 ; ; : 31627 706 22 such such JJ 31627 706 23 as as IN 31627 706 24 the the DT 31627 706 25 double double JJ 31627 706 26 hill hill NN 31627 706 27 of of IN 31627 706 28 Monti Monti NNP 31627 706 29 Rossi Rossi NNP 31627 706 30 , , , 31627 706 31 near near IN 31627 706 32 Nicolosi Nicolosi NNP 31627 706 33 , , , 31627 706 34 formed form VBN 31627 706 35 in in IN 31627 706 36 1659 1659 CD 31627 706 37 , , , 31627 706 38 which which WDT 31627 706 39 is be VBZ 31627 706 40 450 450 CD 31627 706 41 feet foot NNS 31627 706 42 in in IN 31627 706 43 height height NN 31627 706 44 , , , 31627 706 45 and and CC 31627 706 46 two two CD 31627 706 47 miles mile NNS 31627 706 48 in in IN 31627 706 49 circumference circumference NN 31627 706 50 at at IN 31627 706 51 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 706 52 base base NN 31627 706 53 . . . 31627 707 1 Sir Sir NNP 31627 707 2 C. C. NNP 31627 707 3 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 707 4 observes observe VBZ 31627 707 5 that that IN 31627 707 6 these these DT 31627 707 7 minor minor JJ 31627 707 8 crater crater NN 31627 707 9 - - HYPH 31627 707 10 cones cone NNS 31627 707 11 present present VBP 31627 707 12 us -PRON- PRP 31627 707 13 with with IN 31627 707 14 one one CD 31627 707 15 of of IN 31627 707 16 the the DT 31627 707 17 most most RBS 31627 707 18 delightful delightful JJ 31627 707 19 and and CC 31627 707 20 characteristic characteristic JJ 31627 707 21 scenes scene NNS 31627 707 22 in in IN 31627 707 23 Europe Europe NNP 31627 707 24 . . . 31627 708 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 708 2 occur occur VBP 31627 708 3 of of IN 31627 708 4 every every DT 31627 708 5 variety variety NN 31627 708 6 of of IN 31627 708 7 height height NN 31627 708 8 and and CC 31627 708 9 size size NN 31627 708 10 , , , 31627 708 11 and and CC 31627 708 12 are be VBP 31627 708 13 arranged arrange VBN 31627 708 14 in in IN 31627 708 15 picturesque picturesque NN 31627 708 16 groups group NNS 31627 708 17 . . . 31627 709 1 However however RB 31627 709 2 uniform uniform JJ 31627 709 3 they -PRON- PRP 31627 709 4 may may MD 31627 709 5 appear appear VB 31627 709 6 when when WRB 31627 709 7 seen see VBN 31627 709 8 from from IN 31627 709 9 the the DT 31627 709 10 sea sea NN 31627 709 11 or or CC 31627 709 12 the the DT 31627 709 13 plains plain NNS 31627 709 14 below below RB 31627 709 15 , , , 31627 709 16 nothing nothing NN 31627 709 17 can can MD 31627 709 18 be be VB 31627 709 19 more more RBR 31627 709 20 diversified diversified JJ 31627 709 21 than than IN 31627 709 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 709 23 shape shape NN 31627 709 24 when when WRB 31627 709 25 we -PRON- PRP 31627 709 26 look look VBP 31627 709 27 from from IN 31627 709 28 above above RB 31627 709 29 into into IN 31627 709 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 709 31 ruptured rupture VBN 31627 709 32 craters crater NNS 31627 709 33 . . . 31627 710 1 The the DT 31627 710 2 cones cone NNS 31627 710 3 situated situate VBN 31627 710 4 in in IN 31627 710 5 the the DT 31627 710 6 higher high JJR 31627 710 7 parts part NNS 31627 710 8 of of IN 31627 710 9 the the DT 31627 710 10 forest forest NN 31627 710 11 zone zone NN 31627 710 12 are be VBP 31627 710 13 chiefly chiefly RB 31627 710 14 clothed clothe VBN 31627 710 15 with with IN 31627 710 16 lofty lofty JJ 31627 710 17 pines pine NNS 31627 710 18 ; ; : 31627 710 19 while while IN 31627 710 20 those those DT 31627 710 21 at at IN 31627 710 22 a a DT 31627 710 23 lower low JJR 31627 710 24 elevation elevation NN 31627 710 25 are be VBP 31627 710 26 adorned adorn VBN 31627 710 27 with with IN 31627 710 28 chestnuts chestnut NNS 31627 710 29 , , , 31627 710 30 oaks oak NNS 31627 710 31 , , , 31627 710 32 and and CC 31627 710 33 beech beech NN 31627 710 34 trees tree NNS 31627 710 35 . . . 31627 711 1 These these DT 31627 711 2 cones cone NNS 31627 711 3 have have VBP 31627 711 4 from from IN 31627 711 5 time time NN 31627 711 6 to to IN 31627 711 7 time time NN 31627 711 8 been be VBN 31627 711 9 buried bury VBN 31627 711 10 amidst amidst IN 31627 711 11 fresh fresh JJ 31627 711 12 lava lava NN 31627 711 13 - - HYPH 31627 711 14 streams stream NNS 31627 711 15 descending descend VBG 31627 711 16 from from IN 31627 711 17 the the DT 31627 711 18 great great JJ 31627 711 19 crater crater NN 31627 711 20 , , , 31627 711 21 and and CC 31627 711 22 thus thus RB 31627 711 23 often often RB 31627 711 24 become become VBP 31627 711 25 obliterated obliterated JJ 31627 711 26 . . . 31627 712 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 712 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 712 3 : : : 31627 712 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 712 5 . . . 31627 713 1 10.--Ideal 10.--ideal CD 31627 713 2 Section section NN 31627 713 3 through through IN 31627 713 4 Etna Etna NNP 31627 713 5 . . . 31627 714 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 714 2 After after IN 31627 714 3 Lyell.)--A. lyell.)--a. NN 31627 715 1 Axis axis IN 31627 715 2 of of IN 31627 715 3 present present JJ 31627 715 4 cone cone NN 31627 715 5 of of IN 31627 715 6 eruption eruption NN 31627 715 7 ; ; : 31627 715 8 B. B. NNP 31627 715 9 Axis Axis NNP 31627 715 10 of of IN 31627 715 11 extinct extinct JJ 31627 715 12 cone cone NN 31627 715 13 of of IN 31627 715 14 eruption eruption NN 31627 715 15 ; ; : 31627 715 16 _ _ NNP 31627 715 17 a. a. NN 31627 715 18 _ _ NNP 31627 715 19 Older old JJR 31627 715 20 lavas lavas NN 31627 715 21 , , , 31627 715 22 chiefly chiefly RB 31627 715 23 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 715 24 ; ; : 31627 715 25 _ _ NNP 31627 715 26 b. b. NN 31627 715 27 _ _ NNP 31627 715 28 Newer Newer NNP 31627 715 29 lavas lavas NNP 31627 715 30 , , , 31627 715 31 erupted erupt VBD 31627 715 32 ( ( -LRB- 31627 715 33 with with IN 31627 715 34 _ _ NNP 31627 715 35 a a DT 31627 715 36 _ _ NNP 31627 715 37 ) ) -RRB- 31627 715 38 before before IN 31627 715 39 origin origin NN 31627 715 40 of of IN 31627 715 41 the the DT 31627 715 42 Val Val NNP 31627 715 43 del del NNP 31627 715 44 Bove Bove NNP 31627 715 45 ; ; : 31627 715 46 _ _ NNP 31627 715 47 c. c. NN 31627 715 48 _ _ NNP 31627 715 49 Scoria Scoria NNP 31627 715 50 and and CC 31627 715 51 lava lava NN 31627 715 52 of of IN 31627 715 53 recent recent JJ 31627 715 54 age age NN 31627 715 55 ; ; : 31627 715 56 T. T. NNP 31627 715 57 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 715 58 strata strata NN 31627 715 59 forming form VBG 31627 715 60 the the DT 31627 715 61 foundation foundation NN 31627 715 62 to to IN 31627 715 63 the the DT 31627 715 64 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 715 65 rocks rock NNS 31627 715 66 . . . 31627 716 1 The the DT 31627 716 2 position position NN 31627 716 3 of of IN 31627 716 4 the the DT 31627 716 5 Val Val NNP 31627 716 6 del del NNP 31627 716 7 Bove Bove NNP 31627 716 8 before before IN 31627 716 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 716 10 formation formation NN 31627 716 11 is be VBZ 31627 716 12 shown show VBN 31627 716 13 by by IN 31627 716 14 the the DT 31627 716 15 lightly lightly RB 31627 716 16 - - HYPH 31627 716 17 shaded shaded JJ 31627 716 18 portion portion NN 31627 716 19 above above IN 31627 716 20 B. B. NNP 31627 716 21 ] ] -RRB- 31627 717 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 717 2 _ _ NNP 31627 717 3 b. b. NNP 31627 717 4 _ _ NNP 31627 717 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 717 6 _ _ NNP 31627 717 7 Val Val NNP 31627 717 8 del del FW 31627 717 9 Bove._--The Bove._--The NNP 31627 717 10 most most RBS 31627 717 11 wonderful wonderful JJ 31627 717 12 feature feature NN 31627 717 13 of of IN 31627 717 14 Mount Mount NNP 31627 717 15 Etna Etna NNP 31627 717 16 is be VBZ 31627 717 17 the the DT 31627 717 18 celebrated celebrated JJ 31627 717 19 Val Val NNP 31627 717 20 del del NNP 31627 717 21 Bove Bove NNP 31627 717 22 ( ( -LRB- 31627 717 23 Valle Valle NNP 31627 717 24 del del NNP 31627 717 25 Bue Bue NNP 31627 717 26 ) ) -RRB- 31627 717 27 , , , 31627 717 28 of of IN 31627 717 29 which which WDT 31627 717 30 S. S. NNP 31627 717 31 von von NNP 31627 717 32 Waltershausen Waltershausen NNP 31627 717 33 has have VBZ 31627 717 34 furnished furnish VBN 31627 717 35 a a DT 31627 717 36 very very RB 31627 717 37 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 717 38 plate[6]--a plate[6]--a NNP 31627 717 39 vast vast JJ 31627 717 40 amphitheatre amphitheatre NNP 31627 717 41 hewn hew VBD 31627 717 42 out out IN 31627 717 43 of of IN 31627 717 44 the the DT 31627 717 45 eastern eastern JJ 31627 717 46 flank flank NNP 31627 717 47 of of IN 31627 717 48 the the DT 31627 717 49 mountain mountain NN 31627 717 50 , , , 31627 717 51 just just RB 31627 717 52 below below IN 31627 717 53 the the DT 31627 717 54 snow snow NN 31627 717 55 - - HYPH 31627 717 56 mantled mantle VBN 31627 717 57 platform platform NN 31627 717 58 . . . 31627 718 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 718 2 is be VBZ 31627 718 3 a a DT 31627 718 4 physical physical JJ 31627 718 5 feature feature NN 31627 718 6 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 718 7 after after IN 31627 718 8 the the DT 31627 718 9 fashion fashion NN 31627 718 10 of of IN 31627 718 11 Monte Monte NNP 31627 718 12 Somma Somma NNP 31627 718 13 in in IN 31627 718 14 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 718 15 , , , 31627 718 16 but but CC 31627 718 17 exceeds exceed VBZ 31627 718 18 it -PRON- PRP 31627 718 19 in in IN 31627 718 20 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 718 21 as as IN 31627 718 22 Etna Etna NNP 31627 718 23 exceeds exceed VBZ 31627 718 24 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 718 25 . . . 31627 719 1 The the DT 31627 719 2 Val Val NNP 31627 719 3 del del NNP 31627 719 4 Bove Bove NNP 31627 719 5 is be VBZ 31627 719 6 about about RB 31627 719 7 five five CD 31627 719 8 miles mile NNS 31627 719 9 in in IN 31627 719 10 diameter diameter NN 31627 719 11 , , , 31627 719 12 bounded bound VBD 31627 719 13 throughout throughout IN 31627 719 14 three three CD 31627 719 15 - - HYPH 31627 719 16 fourths fourth NNS 31627 719 17 of of IN 31627 719 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 719 19 circumference circumference NN 31627 719 20 by by IN 31627 719 21 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 719 22 walls wall NNS 31627 719 23 of of IN 31627 719 24 ashes ashe NNS 31627 719 25 , , , 31627 719 26 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 719 27 , , , 31627 719 28 and and CC 31627 719 29 lava lava NNP 31627 719 30 , , , 31627 719 31 traversed traverse VBN 31627 719 32 by by IN 31627 719 33 innumerable innumerable JJ 31627 719 34 dykes dyke NNS 31627 719 35 , , , 31627 719 36 and and CC 31627 719 37 rising rise VBG 31627 719 38 inwards inward NNS 31627 719 39 to to IN 31627 719 40 a a DT 31627 719 41 height height NN 31627 719 42 of of IN 31627 719 43 between between IN 31627 719 44 3000 3000 CD 31627 719 45 and and CC 31627 719 46 4000 4000 CD 31627 719 47 feet foot NNS 31627 719 48 . . . 31627 720 1 Towards towards IN 31627 720 2 the the DT 31627 720 3 east east NN 31627 720 4 the the DT 31627 720 5 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 720 6 gradually gradually RB 31627 720 7 fall fall VBP 31627 720 8 to to IN 31627 720 9 a a DT 31627 720 10 height height NN 31627 720 11 of of IN 31627 720 12 about about RB 31627 720 13 500 500 CD 31627 720 14 feet foot NNS 31627 720 15 , , , 31627 720 16 and and CC 31627 720 17 at at IN 31627 720 18 this this DT 31627 720 19 side side NN 31627 720 20 the the DT 31627 720 21 vast vast JJ 31627 720 22 chasm chasm NN 31627 720 23 opens open VBZ 31627 720 24 out out RP 31627 720 25 upon upon IN 31627 720 26 the the DT 31627 720 27 slope slope NN 31627 720 28 of of IN 31627 720 29 the the DT 31627 720 30 mountain mountain NN 31627 720 31 . . . 31627 721 1 At at IN 31627 721 2 the the DT 31627 721 3 head head NN 31627 721 4 of of IN 31627 721 5 the the DT 31627 721 6 Val Val NNP 31627 721 7 del del NNP 31627 721 8 Bove Bove NNP 31627 721 9 rises rise VBZ 31627 721 10 the the DT 31627 721 11 platform platform NN 31627 721 12 , , , 31627 721 13 surmounted surmount VBN 31627 721 14 by by IN 31627 721 15 the the DT 31627 721 16 great great JJ 31627 721 17 cone cone NN 31627 721 18 and and CC 31627 721 19 crater crater NN 31627 721 20 . . . 31627 722 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 722 2 will will MD 31627 722 3 thus thus RB 31627 722 4 be be VB 31627 722 5 seen see VBN 31627 722 6 that that IN 31627 722 7 by by IN 31627 722 8 means mean NNS 31627 722 9 of of IN 31627 722 10 this this DT 31627 722 11 hollow hollow UH 31627 722 12 we -PRON- PRP 31627 722 13 have have VBP 31627 722 14 access access NN 31627 722 15 almost almost RB 31627 722 16 to to IN 31627 722 17 the the DT 31627 722 18 very very JJ 31627 722 19 heart heart NN 31627 722 20 of of IN 31627 722 21 the the DT 31627 722 22 mountain mountain NN 31627 722 23 . . . 31627 723 1 What what WP 31627 723 2 is be VBZ 31627 723 3 very very RB 31627 723 4 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 723 5 about about IN 31627 723 6 the the DT 31627 723 7 structure structure NN 31627 723 8 of of IN 31627 723 9 this this DT 31627 723 10 valley valley NN 31627 723 11 is be VBZ 31627 723 12 that that IN 31627 723 13 the the DT 31627 723 14 beds bed NNS 31627 723 15 exhibit exhibit VBP 31627 723 16 " " `` 31627 723 17 the the DT 31627 723 18 _ _ NNP 31627 723 19 quâ quâ NNP 31627 723 20 - - HYPH 31627 723 21 quâ quâ NNP 31627 723 22 _ _ NNP 31627 723 23 versal versal NN 31627 723 24 dip"--in dip"--in NNP 31627 723 25 other other JJ 31627 723 26 words word NNS 31627 723 27 , , , 31627 723 28 they -PRON- PRP 31627 723 29 dip dip VBP 31627 723 30 away away RB 31627 723 31 on on IN 31627 723 32 all all DT 31627 723 33 sides side NNS 31627 723 34 from from IN 31627 723 35 the the DT 31627 723 36 centre centre NN 31627 723 37 -- -- : 31627 723 38 which which WDT 31627 723 39 has have VBZ 31627 723 40 led lead VBN 31627 723 41 to to IN 31627 723 42 the the DT 31627 723 43 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 723 44 that that IN 31627 723 45 in in IN 31627 723 46 the the DT 31627 723 47 centre centre NN 31627 723 48 is be VBZ 31627 723 49 a a DT 31627 723 50 focus focus NN 31627 723 51 of of IN 31627 723 52 eruption eruption NN 31627 723 53 which which WDT 31627 723 54 had have VBD 31627 723 55 become become VBN 31627 723 56 closed close VBN 31627 723 57 up up RB 31627 723 58 antecedently antecedently RB 31627 723 59 to to IN 31627 723 60 the the DT 31627 723 61 formation formation NN 31627 723 62 of of IN 31627 723 63 the the DT 31627 723 64 valley valley NN 31627 723 65 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 723 66 . . . 31627 724 1 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 724 2 has have VBZ 31627 724 3 explained explain VBN 31627 724 4 this this DT 31627 724 5 point point NN 31627 724 6 very very RB 31627 724 7 clearly clearly RB 31627 724 8 by by IN 31627 724 9 showing show VBG 31627 724 10 that that IN 31627 724 11 this this DT 31627 724 12 focus focus NN 31627 724 13 had have VBD 31627 724 14 ceased cease VBN 31627 724 15 to to TO 31627 724 16 eject eject VB 31627 724 17 matter matter NN 31627 724 18 at at IN 31627 724 19 some some DT 31627 724 20 distant distant JJ 31627 724 21 period period NN 31627 724 22 , , , 31627 724 23 and and CC 31627 724 24 that that IN 31627 724 25 the the DT 31627 724 26 existing exist VBG 31627 724 27 crater crater NN 31627 724 28 at at IN 31627 724 29 the the DT 31627 724 30 summit summit NN 31627 724 31 of of IN 31627 724 32 the the DT 31627 724 33 mountain mountain NN 31627 724 34 had have VBD 31627 724 35 poured pour VBN 31627 724 36 out out RP 31627 724 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 724 38 lavas lavas NN 31627 724 39 over over IN 31627 724 40 those those DT 31627 724 41 of of IN 31627 724 42 the the DT 31627 724 43 extinct extinct JJ 31627 724 44 orifice orifice NN 31627 724 45 . . . 31627 725 1 This this DT 31627 725 2 was be VBD 31627 725 3 prior prior RB 31627 725 4 to to IN 31627 725 5 the the DT 31627 725 6 formation formation NN 31627 725 7 of of IN 31627 725 8 the the DT 31627 725 9 Val Val NNP 31627 725 10 del del NNP 31627 725 11 Bove Bove NNP 31627 725 12 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 725 13 ; ; : 31627 725 14 and and CC 31627 725 15 the the DT 31627 725 16 question question NN 31627 725 17 remains remain VBZ 31627 725 18 for for IN 31627 725 19 consideration consideration NN 31627 725 20 how how WRB 31627 725 21 this this DT 31627 725 22 vast vast JJ 31627 725 23 natural natural JJ 31627 725 24 amphitheatre amphitheatre NN 31627 725 25 came come VBD 31627 725 26 to to TO 31627 725 27 be be VB 31627 725 28 hollowed hollow VBN 31627 725 29 out out RP 31627 725 30 ; ; : 31627 725 31 for for IN 31627 725 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 725 33 structure structure NN 31627 725 34 shows show VBZ 31627 725 35 unquestionably unquestionably RB 31627 725 36 that that IN 31627 725 37 it -PRON- PRP 31627 725 38 owes owe VBZ 31627 725 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 725 40 form form NN 31627 725 41 to to IN 31627 725 42 some some DT 31627 725 43 process process NN 31627 725 44 of of IN 31627 725 45 excavation excavation NN 31627 725 46 . . . 31627 726 1 In in IN 31627 726 2 the the DT 31627 726 3 first first JJ 31627 726 4 place place NN 31627 726 5 , , , 31627 726 6 it -PRON- PRP 31627 726 7 is be VBZ 31627 726 8 certainly certainly RB 31627 726 9 not not RB 31627 726 10 the the DT 31627 726 11 work work NN 31627 726 12 of of IN 31627 726 13 running running NN 31627 726 14 water water NN 31627 726 15 , , , 31627 726 16 as as IN 31627 726 17 in in IN 31627 726 18 the the DT 31627 726 19 case case NN 31627 726 20 of of IN 31627 726 21 the the DT 31627 726 22 cañons cañon NNS 31627 726 23 of of IN 31627 726 24 Colorado Colorado NNP 31627 726 25 ; ; : 31627 726 26 the the DT 31627 726 27 porous porous JJ 31627 726 28 matter matter NN 31627 726 29 of of IN 31627 726 30 which which WDT 31627 726 31 the the DT 31627 726 32 mountain mountain NN 31627 726 33 is be VBZ 31627 726 34 formed form VBN 31627 726 35 is be VBZ 31627 726 36 quite quite RB 31627 726 37 incapable incapable JJ 31627 726 38 of of IN 31627 726 39 originating originate VBG 31627 726 40 and and CC 31627 726 41 supporting support VBG 31627 726 42 a a DT 31627 726 43 stream stream NN 31627 726 44 of of IN 31627 726 45 sufficient sufficient JJ 31627 726 46 volume volume NN 31627 726 47 to to TO 31627 726 48 excavate excavate VB 31627 726 49 and and CC 31627 726 50 carry carry VB 31627 726 51 away away RP 31627 726 52 such such JJ 31627 726 53 enormous enormous JJ 31627 726 54 masses masse NNS 31627 726 55 of of IN 31627 726 56 matter matter NN 31627 726 57 within within IN 31627 726 58 the the DT 31627 726 59 period period NN 31627 726 60 required require VBN 31627 726 61 for for IN 31627 726 62 the the DT 31627 726 63 purpose purpose NN 31627 726 64 . . . 31627 727 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 727 2 must must MD 31627 727 3 therefore therefore RB 31627 727 4 have have VB 31627 727 5 recourse recourse VBN 31627 727 6 to to IN 31627 727 7 some some DT 31627 727 8 other other JJ 31627 727 9 agency agency NN 31627 727 10 . . . 31627 728 1 Numerous numerous JJ 31627 728 2 illustrations illustration NNS 31627 728 3 are be VBP 31627 728 4 to to TO 31627 728 5 be be VB 31627 728 6 found find VBN 31627 728 7 of of IN 31627 728 8 the the DT 31627 728 9 explosive explosive JJ 31627 728 10 action action NN 31627 728 11 of of IN 31627 728 12 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 728 13 in in IN 31627 728 14 blowing blow VBG 31627 728 15 off off RP 31627 728 16 either either CC 31627 728 17 the the DT 31627 728 18 summits summit NNS 31627 728 19 of of IN 31627 728 20 mountains mountain NNS 31627 728 21 , , , 31627 728 22 or or CC 31627 728 23 portions portion NNS 31627 728 24 of of IN 31627 728 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 728 26 sides side NNS 31627 728 27 . . . 31627 729 1 For for IN 31627 729 2 example example NN 31627 729 3 , , , 31627 729 4 there there EX 31627 729 5 is be VBZ 31627 729 6 reason reason NN 31627 729 7 for for IN 31627 729 8 believing believe VBG 31627 729 9 that that IN 31627 729 10 the the DT 31627 729 11 first first JJ 31627 729 12 result result NN 31627 729 13 of of IN 31627 729 14 the the DT 31627 729 15 renewed renew VBN 31627 729 16 energy energy NN 31627 729 17 of of IN 31627 729 18 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 729 19 was be VBD 31627 729 20 to to TO 31627 729 21 blow blow VB 31627 729 22 into into IN 31627 729 23 the the DT 31627 729 24 air air NN 31627 729 25 the the DT 31627 729 26 upper upper JJ 31627 729 27 surface surface NN 31627 729 28 of of IN 31627 729 29 the the DT 31627 729 30 mountain mountain NN 31627 729 31 . . . 31627 730 1 Again again RB 31627 730 2 , , , 31627 730 3 so so RB 31627 730 4 late late RB 31627 730 5 as as IN 31627 730 6 1822 1822 CD 31627 730 7 , , , 31627 730 8 during during IN 31627 730 9 a a DT 31627 730 10 violent violent JJ 31627 730 11 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 730 12 in in IN 31627 730 13 Java Java NNP 31627 730 14 , , , 31627 730 15 a a DT 31627 730 16 country country NN 31627 730 17 which which WDT 31627 730 18 has have VBZ 31627 730 19 been be VBN 31627 730 20 repeatedly repeatedly RB 31627 730 21 devastated devastate VBN 31627 730 22 by by IN 31627 730 23 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 730 24 and and CC 31627 730 25 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 730 26 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 730 27 , , , 31627 730 28 the the DT 31627 730 29 mountain mountain NN 31627 730 30 of of IN 31627 730 31 Galongoon Galongoon NNP 31627 730 32 , , , 31627 730 33 which which WDT 31627 730 34 was be VBD 31627 730 35 covered cover VBN 31627 730 36 by by IN 31627 730 37 a a DT 31627 730 38 dense dense JJ 31627 730 39 forest forest NN 31627 730 40 , , , 31627 730 41 and and CC 31627 730 42 situated situate VBN 31627 730 43 in in IN 31627 730 44 a a DT 31627 730 45 fertile fertile JJ 31627 730 46 and and CC 31627 730 47 thickly thickly RB 31627 730 48 - - HYPH 31627 730 49 peopled people VBN 31627 730 50 region region NN 31627 730 51 , , , 31627 730 52 and and CC 31627 730 53 had have VBD 31627 730 54 never never RB 31627 730 55 within within IN 31627 730 56 the the DT 31627 730 57 period period NN 31627 730 58 of of IN 31627 730 59 tradition tradition NN 31627 730 60 been be VBN 31627 730 61 in in IN 31627 730 62 activity activity NN 31627 730 63 , , , 31627 730 64 was be VBD 31627 730 65 thus thus RB 31627 730 66 ruptured rupture VBN 31627 730 67 by by IN 31627 730 68 internal internal JJ 31627 730 69 forces force NNS 31627 730 70 . . . 31627 731 1 In in IN 31627 731 2 the the DT 31627 731 3 month month NN 31627 731 4 of of IN 31627 731 5 July July NNP 31627 731 6 1822 1822 CD 31627 731 7 , , , 31627 731 8 after after IN 31627 731 9 a a DT 31627 731 10 terrible terrible JJ 31627 731 11 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 731 12 , , , 31627 731 13 an an DT 31627 731 14 explosion explosion NN 31627 731 15 was be VBD 31627 731 16 heard hear VBN 31627 731 17 , , , 31627 731 18 and and CC 31627 731 19 immense immense JJ 31627 731 20 columns column NNS 31627 731 21 of of IN 31627 731 22 boiling boiling NN 31627 731 23 water water NN 31627 731 24 , , , 31627 731 25 mixed mix VBN 31627 731 26 with with IN 31627 731 27 mud mud NN 31627 731 28 and and CC 31627 731 29 stones stone NNS 31627 731 30 , , , 31627 731 31 were be VBD 31627 731 32 projected project VBN 31627 731 33 from from IN 31627 731 34 the the DT 31627 731 35 mountain mountain NN 31627 731 36 like like IN 31627 731 37 a a DT 31627 731 38 water water NN 31627 731 39 - - HYPH 31627 731 40 spout spout NN 31627 731 41 , , , 31627 731 42 and and CC 31627 731 43 in in IN 31627 731 44 falling fall VBG 31627 731 45 filled fill VBN 31627 731 46 up up RP 31627 731 47 the the DT 31627 731 48 valleys valley NNS 31627 731 49 , , , 31627 731 50 and and CC 31627 731 51 covered cover VBD 31627 731 52 the the DT 31627 731 53 country country NN 31627 731 54 with with IN 31627 731 55 a a DT 31627 731 56 thick thick JJ 31627 731 57 deposit deposit NN 31627 731 58 for for IN 31627 731 59 many many JJ 31627 731 60 miles mile NNS 31627 731 61 , , , 31627 731 62 burying burying NN 31627 731 63 villages village NNS 31627 731 64 and and CC 31627 731 65 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 731 66 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 731 67 . . . 31627 732 1 During during IN 31627 732 2 a a DT 31627 732 3 subsequent subsequent JJ 31627 732 4 eruption eruption NN 31627 732 5 great great JJ 31627 732 6 blocks block NNS 31627 732 7 of of IN 31627 732 8 basalt basalt NN 31627 732 9 were be VBD 31627 732 10 thrown throw VBN 31627 732 11 to to IN 31627 732 12 a a DT 31627 732 13 distance distance NN 31627 732 14 of of IN 31627 732 15 seven seven CD 31627 732 16 miles mile NNS 31627 732 17 ; ; : 31627 732 18 the the DT 31627 732 19 result result NN 31627 732 20 of of IN 31627 732 21 all all DT 31627 732 22 being be VBG 31627 732 23 that that IN 31627 732 24 an an DT 31627 732 25 enormous enormous JJ 31627 732 26 semicircular semicircular JJ 31627 732 27 gulf gulf NN 31627 732 28 was be VBD 31627 732 29 formed form VBN 31627 732 30 between between IN 31627 732 31 the the DT 31627 732 32 summit summit NN 31627 732 33 and and CC 31627 732 34 the the DT 31627 732 35 plain plain JJ 31627 732 36 , , , 31627 732 37 bounded bound VBN 31627 732 38 by by IN 31627 732 39 steep steep JJ 31627 732 40 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 732 41 , , , 31627 732 42 and and CC 31627 732 43 bearing bear VBG 31627 732 44 considerable considerable JJ 31627 732 45 resemblance resemblance NN 31627 732 46 to to IN 31627 732 47 the the DT 31627 732 48 Val Val NNP 31627 732 49 del del NNP 31627 732 50 Bove Bove NNP 31627 732 51 . . . 31627 733 1 Other other JJ 31627 733 2 examples example NNS 31627 733 3 of of IN 31627 733 4 the the DT 31627 733 5 power power NN 31627 733 6 of of IN 31627 733 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 733 8 explosions explosion NNS 31627 733 9 might may MD 31627 733 10 be be VB 31627 733 11 cited cite VBN 31627 733 12 ; ; : 31627 733 13 but but CC 31627 733 14 the the DT 31627 733 15 above above JJ 31627 733 16 are be VBP 31627 733 17 sufficient sufficient JJ 31627 733 18 to to TO 31627 733 19 show show VB 31627 733 20 that that IN 31627 733 21 great great JJ 31627 733 22 hollows hollow NNS 31627 733 23 may may MD 31627 733 24 thus thus RB 31627 733 25 be be VB 31627 733 26 formed form VBN 31627 733 27 either either CC 31627 733 28 on on IN 31627 733 29 the the DT 31627 733 30 summits summit NNS 31627 733 31 or or CC 31627 733 32 flanks flank NNS 31627 733 33 of of IN 31627 733 34 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 733 35 mountains mountain NNS 31627 733 36 . . . 31627 734 1 Chasms chasm NNS 31627 734 2 may may MD 31627 734 3 also also RB 31627 734 4 be be VB 31627 734 5 formed form VBN 31627 734 6 by by IN 31627 734 7 the the DT 31627 734 8 falling falling NN 31627 734 9 in in IN 31627 734 10 of of IN 31627 734 11 the the DT 31627 734 12 solidified solidify VBN 31627 734 13 crust crust NN 31627 734 14 , , , 31627 734 15 owing owe VBG 31627 734 16 to to IN 31627 734 17 the the DT 31627 734 18 extrusion extrusion NN 31627 734 19 of of IN 31627 734 20 molten molten JJ 31627 734 21 matter matter NN 31627 734 22 from from IN 31627 734 23 some some DT 31627 734 24 neighbouring neighbouring JJ 31627 734 25 vent vent NN 31627 734 26 of of IN 31627 734 27 eruption eruption NN 31627 734 28 ; ; : 31627 734 29 and and CC 31627 734 30 it -PRON- PRP 31627 734 31 is be VBZ 31627 734 32 conceivable conceivable JJ 31627 734 33 that that IN 31627 734 34 by by IN 31627 734 35 one one CD 31627 734 36 or or CC 31627 734 37 other other JJ 31627 734 38 of of IN 31627 734 39 these these DT 31627 734 40 processes process NNS 31627 734 41 the the DT 31627 734 42 vast vast JJ 31627 734 43 chasm chasm NN 31627 734 44 of of IN 31627 734 45 the the DT 31627 734 46 Val Val NNP 31627 734 47 del del NNP 31627 734 48 Bove Bove NNP 31627 734 49 on on IN 31627 734 50 the the DT 31627 734 51 flanks flank NNS 31627 734 52 of of IN 31627 734 53 Etna Etna NNP 31627 734 54 may may MD 31627 734 55 have have VB 31627 734 56 been be VBN 31627 734 57 produced produce VBN 31627 734 58 . . . 31627 735 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 735 2 _ _ NNP 31627 735 3 c. c. NNP 31627 735 4 _ _ NNP 31627 735 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 735 6 _ _ NNP 31627 735 7 The the DT 31627 735 8 Physical Physical NNP 31627 735 9 History History NNP 31627 735 10 of of IN 31627 735 11 Etna._--The Etna._--The NNP 31627 735 12 physical physical JJ 31627 735 13 history history NN 31627 735 14 of of IN 31627 735 15 Etna Etna NNP 31627 735 16 seems seem VBZ 31627 735 17 to to TO 31627 735 18 be be VB 31627 735 19 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 735 20 as as IN 31627 735 21 follows:-- follows:-- -LRB- 31627 735 22 _ _ NNP 31627 735 23 First First NNP 31627 735 24 Stage._--Somewhere Stage._--Somewhere NNP 31627 735 25 towards towards IN 31627 735 26 the the DT 31627 735 27 close close NN 31627 735 28 of of IN 31627 735 29 the the DT 31627 735 30 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 735 31 period period NN 31627 735 32 -- -- : 31627 735 33 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 735 34 early early RB 31627 735 35 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 735 36 or or CC 31627 735 37 late late JJ 31627 735 38 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 735 39 -- -- : 31627 735 40 a a DT 31627 735 41 vent vent NN 31627 735 42 of of IN 31627 735 43 eruption eruption NN 31627 735 44 opened open VBN 31627 735 45 on on IN 31627 735 46 the the DT 31627 735 47 floor floor NN 31627 735 48 of of IN 31627 735 49 the the DT 31627 735 50 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 735 51 Sea Sea NNP 31627 735 52 , , , 31627 735 53 from from IN 31627 735 54 which which WDT 31627 735 55 sheets sheet NNS 31627 735 56 of of IN 31627 735 57 lava lava NN 31627 735 58 were be VBD 31627 735 59 poured pour VBN 31627 735 60 forth forth RP 31627 735 61 , , , 31627 735 62 and and CC 31627 735 63 ashes ashe NNS 31627 735 64 mingled mingle VBN 31627 735 65 with with IN 31627 735 66 clays clay NNS 31627 735 67 and and CC 31627 735 68 sands sand NNS 31627 735 69 , , , 31627 735 70 brought bring VBD 31627 735 71 down down RP 31627 735 72 from from IN 31627 735 73 the the DT 31627 735 74 neighbouring neighbouring NN 31627 735 75 lands land NNS 31627 735 76 , , , 31627 735 77 were be VBD 31627 735 78 strewn strew VBN 31627 735 79 over over IN 31627 735 80 the the DT 31627 735 81 sea sea NN 31627 735 82 - - HYPH 31627 735 83 bed bed NN 31627 735 84 . . . 31627 736 1 During during IN 31627 736 2 a a DT 31627 736 3 pause pause NN 31627 736 4 in in IN 31627 736 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 736 6 activity activity NN 31627 736 7 , , , 31627 736 8 beds bed NNS 31627 736 9 of of IN 31627 736 10 limestone limestone NN 31627 736 11 with with IN 31627 736 12 marine marine JJ 31627 736 13 shells shell NNS 31627 736 14 were be VBD 31627 736 15 deposited deposit VBN 31627 736 16 . . . 31627 737 1 _ _ NNP 31627 737 2 Second Second NNP 31627 737 3 Stage._--This Stage._--This NNP 31627 737 4 sea sea NN 31627 737 5 - - HYPH 31627 737 6 bed bed NN 31627 737 7 was be VBD 31627 737 8 gradually gradually RB 31627 737 9 upraised upraise VBN 31627 737 10 into into IN 31627 737 11 the the DT 31627 737 12 air air NN 31627 737 13 , , , 31627 737 14 while while IN 31627 737 15 fresh fresh JJ 31627 737 16 sheets sheet NNS 31627 737 17 of of IN 31627 737 18 lava lava NN 31627 737 19 and and CC 31627 737 20 other other JJ 31627 737 21 _ _ NNP 31627 737 22 ejecta ejecta NNP 31627 737 23 _ _ NNP 31627 737 24 were be VBD 31627 737 25 accumulated accumulate VBN 31627 737 26 round round IN 31627 737 27 the the DT 31627 737 28 vents vent NNS 31627 737 29 of of IN 31627 737 30 eruption eruption NN 31627 737 31 , , , 31627 737 32 of of IN 31627 737 33 which which WDT 31627 737 34 there there EX 31627 737 35 were be VBD 31627 737 36 two two CD 31627 737 37 principal principal JJ 31627 737 38 ones one NNS 31627 737 39 -- -- : 31627 737 40 the the DT 31627 737 41 older old JJR 31627 737 42 under under IN 31627 737 43 the the DT 31627 737 44 present present JJ 31627 737 45 Val Val NNP 31627 737 46 del del NNP 31627 737 47 Bove Bove NNP 31627 737 48 , , , 31627 737 49 the the DT 31627 737 50 newer new JJR 31627 737 51 under under IN 31627 737 52 the the DT 31627 737 53 summit summit NN 31627 737 54 of of IN 31627 737 55 the the DT 31627 737 56 principal principal JJ 31627 737 57 cone cone NN 31627 737 58 . . . 31627 738 1 Thus thus RB 31627 738 2 was be VBD 31627 738 3 the the DT 31627 738 4 mountain mountain NN 31627 738 5 gradually gradually RB 31627 738 6 piled pile VBD 31627 738 7 up up RP 31627 738 8 . . . 31627 739 1 _ _ NNP 31627 739 2 Third Third NNP 31627 739 3 Stage._--The stage._--the DT 31627 739 4 vent vent NN 31627 739 5 under under IN 31627 739 6 the the DT 31627 739 7 Val Val NNP 31627 739 8 del del NNP 31627 739 9 Bove Bove NNP 31627 739 10 ceased cease VBD 31627 739 11 to to TO 31627 739 12 extrude extrude VB 31627 739 13 more more JJR 31627 739 14 matter matter NN 31627 739 15 , , , 31627 739 16 and and CC 31627 739 17 became become VBD 31627 739 18 extinct extinct JJ 31627 739 19 . . . 31627 740 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB 31627 740 2 the the DT 31627 740 3 second second JJ 31627 740 4 vent vent NN 31627 740 5 continued continue VBN 31627 740 6 active active JJ 31627 740 7 , , , 31627 740 8 and and CC 31627 740 9 , , , 31627 740 10 piling pile VBG 31627 740 11 up up RP 31627 740 12 more more RBR 31627 740 13 and and CC 31627 740 14 more more RBR 31627 740 15 matter matter NN 31627 740 16 round round IN 31627 740 17 the the DT 31627 740 18 central central JJ 31627 740 19 crater crater NN 31627 740 20 , , , 31627 740 21 surmounted surmount VBD 31627 740 22 the the DT 31627 740 23 former former JJ 31627 740 24 vent vent NN 31627 740 25 , , , 31627 740 26 and and CC 31627 740 27 covered cover VBD 31627 740 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 740 29 _ _ NNP 31627 740 30 ejecta ejecta NNP 31627 740 31 _ _ NNP 31627 740 32 with with IN 31627 740 33 newer new JJR 31627 740 34 sheets sheet NNS 31627 740 35 of of IN 31627 740 36 lava lava NN 31627 740 37 , , , 31627 740 38 ashes ashe NNS 31627 740 39 , , , 31627 740 40 and and CC 31627 740 41 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 740 42 , , , 31627 740 43 while while IN 31627 740 44 numerous numerous JJ 31627 740 45 smaller small JJR 31627 740 46 vents vent NNS 31627 740 47 , , , 31627 740 48 scattered scatter VBN 31627 740 49 all all RB 31627 740 50 over over IN 31627 740 51 the the DT 31627 740 52 sides side NNS 31627 740 53 of of IN 31627 740 54 the the DT 31627 740 55 mountain mountain NN 31627 740 56 , , , 31627 740 57 gave give VBD 31627 740 58 rise rise NN 31627 740 59 to to IN 31627 740 60 smaller small JJR 31627 740 61 cones cone NNS 31627 740 62 and and CC 31627 740 63 craters crater NNS 31627 740 64 . . . 31627 741 1 _ _ NNP 31627 741 2 Fourth Fourth NNP 31627 741 3 Stage._--This Stage._--This NNP 31627 741 4 stage stage NN 31627 741 5 is be VBZ 31627 741 6 signalised signalise VBN 31627 741 7 by by IN 31627 741 8 the the DT 31627 741 9 formation formation NN 31627 741 10 of of IN 31627 741 11 the the DT 31627 741 12 Val Val NNP 31627 741 13 del del NNP 31627 741 14 Bove Bove NNP 31627 741 15 through through IN 31627 741 16 some some DT 31627 741 17 grand grand JJ 31627 741 18 explosion explosion NN 31627 741 19 , , , 31627 741 20 or or CC 31627 741 21 series series NN 31627 741 22 of of IN 31627 741 23 explosions explosion NNS 31627 741 24 , , , 31627 741 25 by by IN 31627 741 26 which which WDT 31627 741 27 this this DT 31627 741 28 vast vast JJ 31627 741 29 chasm chasm NN 31627 741 30 was be VBD 31627 741 31 opened open VBN 31627 741 32 in in IN 31627 741 33 the the DT 31627 741 34 side side NN 31627 741 35 of of IN 31627 741 36 the the DT 31627 741 37 mountain mountain NN 31627 741 38 , , , 31627 741 39 as as IN 31627 741 40 already already RB 31627 741 41 explained explain VBN 31627 741 42 . . . 31627 742 1 _ _ NNP 31627 742 2 Fifth Fifth NNP 31627 742 3 Stage._--This Stage._--This NNP 31627 742 4 represents represent VBZ 31627 742 5 the the DT 31627 742 6 present present JJ 31627 742 7 condition condition NN 31627 742 8 of of IN 31627 742 9 the the DT 31627 742 10 mountain mountain NN 31627 742 11 , , , 31627 742 12 whose whose WP$ 31627 742 13 height height NN 31627 742 14 above above IN 31627 742 15 the the DT 31627 742 16 sea sea NN 31627 742 17 is be VBZ 31627 742 18 due due JJ 31627 742 19 , , , 31627 742 20 not not RB 31627 742 21 only only RB 31627 742 22 to to IN 31627 742 23 accumulation accumulation NN 31627 742 24 of of IN 31627 742 25 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 742 26 materials material NNS 31627 742 27 round round IN 31627 742 28 the the DT 31627 742 29 central central JJ 31627 742 30 cone cone NN 31627 742 31 , , , 31627 742 32 but but CC 31627 742 33 to to IN 31627 742 34 elevation elevation NN 31627 742 35 of of IN 31627 742 36 the the DT 31627 742 37 whole whole JJ 31627 742 38 island island NN 31627 742 39 , , , 31627 742 40 as as IN 31627 742 41 evinced evince VBN 31627 742 42 by by IN 31627 742 43 numerous numerous JJ 31627 742 44 raised raise VBN 31627 742 45 beaches beach NNS 31627 742 46 of of IN 31627 742 47 gravel gravel NN 31627 742 48 and and CC 31627 742 49 sand sand NN 31627 742 50 , , , 31627 742 51 containing contain VBG 31627 742 52 shells shell NNS 31627 742 53 and and CC 31627 742 54 other other JJ 31627 742 55 forms form NNS 31627 742 56 of of IN 31627 742 57 marine marine JJ 31627 742 58 species specie NNS 31627 742 59 now now RB 31627 742 60 living live VBG 31627 742 61 in in IN 31627 742 62 the the DT 31627 742 63 waters water NNS 31627 742 64 of of IN 31627 742 65 the the DT 31627 742 66 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 742 67 . . . 31627 743 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 743 2 7 7 CD 31627 743 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 743 4 Since since IN 31627 743 5 then then RB 31627 743 6 the the DT 31627 743 7 condition condition NN 31627 743 8 and and CC 31627 743 9 form form NN 31627 743 10 of of IN 31627 743 11 the the DT 31627 743 12 mountain mountain NN 31627 743 13 has have VBZ 31627 743 14 remained remain VBN 31627 743 15 very very RB 31627 743 16 much much RB 31627 743 17 the the DT 31627 743 18 same same JJ 31627 743 19 , , , 31627 743 20 varied varied JJ 31627 743 21 only only RB 31627 743 22 by by IN 31627 743 23 the the DT 31627 743 24 results result NNS 31627 743 25 of of IN 31627 743 26 occasional occasional JJ 31627 743 27 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 743 28 . . . 31627 744 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 744 2 _ _ NNP 31627 744 3 d. d. NNP 31627 744 4 _ _ NNP 31627 744 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 744 6 _ _ NNP 31627 744 7 Dissimilarity Dissimilarity NNP 31627 744 8 in in IN 31627 744 9 the the DT 31627 744 10 Constitution Constitution NNP 31627 744 11 of of IN 31627 744 12 the the DT 31627 744 13 Lavas Lavas NNP 31627 744 14 of of IN 31627 744 15 Etna Etna NNP 31627 744 16 and and CC 31627 744 17 Vesuvius._--Before Vesuvius._--Before NNP 31627 744 18 leaving leave VBG 31627 744 19 the the DT 31627 744 20 subject subject NN 31627 744 21 we -PRON- PRP 31627 744 22 have have VBP 31627 744 23 been be VBN 31627 744 24 considering consider VBG 31627 744 25 , , , 31627 744 26 it -PRON- PRP 31627 744 27 is be VBZ 31627 744 28 necessary necessary JJ 31627 744 29 that that IN 31627 744 30 I -PRON- PRP 31627 744 31 should should MD 31627 744 32 mention mention VB 31627 744 33 one one CD 31627 744 34 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 744 35 fact fact NN 31627 744 36 connected connect VBN 31627 744 37 with with IN 31627 744 38 the the DT 31627 744 39 origin origin NN 31627 744 40 of of IN 31627 744 41 the the DT 31627 744 42 lavas lavas NN 31627 744 43 of of IN 31627 744 44 Etna Etna NNP 31627 744 45 and and CC 31627 744 46 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 744 47 respectively respectively RB 31627 744 48 ; ; : 31627 744 49 I -PRON- PRP 31627 744 50 refer refer VBP 31627 744 51 to to IN 31627 744 52 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 744 53 essential essential JJ 31627 744 54 differences difference NNS 31627 744 55 in in IN 31627 744 56 mineral mineral JJ 31627 744 57 composition composition NN 31627 744 58 . . . 31627 745 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 745 2 might may MD 31627 745 3 at at IN 31627 745 4 first first JJ 31627 745 5 sight sight NN 31627 745 6 have have VBP 31627 745 7 been be VBN 31627 745 8 supposed suppose VBN 31627 745 9 that that IN 31627 745 10 the the DT 31627 745 11 lavas lavas NN 31627 745 12 of of IN 31627 745 13 these these DT 31627 745 14 two two CD 31627 745 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 745 16 mountains mountain NNS 31627 745 17 -- -- : 31627 745 18 situated situate VBN 31627 745 19 at at IN 31627 745 20 such such PDT 31627 745 21 a a DT 31627 745 22 short short JJ 31627 745 23 distance distance NN 31627 745 24 from from IN 31627 745 25 each each DT 31627 745 26 other other JJ 31627 745 27 , , , 31627 745 28 and and CC 31627 745 29 evidently evidently RB 31627 745 30 along along IN 31627 745 31 the the DT 31627 745 32 same same JJ 31627 745 33 line line NN 31627 745 34 of of IN 31627 745 35 fracture fracture NN 31627 745 36 in in IN 31627 745 37 the the DT 31627 745 38 crust crust NN 31627 745 39 -- -- : 31627 745 40 would would MD 31627 745 41 be be VB 31627 745 42 of of IN 31627 745 43 the the DT 31627 745 44 same same JJ 31627 745 45 general general JJ 31627 745 46 composition composition NN 31627 745 47 ; ; : 31627 745 48 but but CC 31627 745 49 such such JJ 31627 745 50 is be VBZ 31627 745 51 not not RB 31627 745 52 the the DT 31627 745 53 case case NN 31627 745 54 . . . 31627 746 1 In in IN 31627 746 2 the the DT 31627 746 3 lava lava NN 31627 746 4 of of IN 31627 746 5 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 746 6 leucite leucite NN 31627 746 7 is be VBZ 31627 746 8 an an DT 31627 746 9 essential essential JJ 31627 746 10 , , , 31627 746 11 and and CC 31627 746 12 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 746 13 the the DT 31627 746 14 most most RBS 31627 746 15 abundant abundant JJ 31627 746 16 mineral mineral NN 31627 746 17 . . . 31627 747 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 747 2 is be VBZ 31627 747 3 called call VBN 31627 747 4 by by IN 31627 747 5 Zirkel Zirkel NNP 31627 747 6 _ _ NNP 31627 747 7 Sanidin Sanidin NNP 31627 747 8 - - HYPH 31627 747 9 Leucitgestein Leucitgestein NNP 31627 747 10 _ _ NNP 31627 747 11 . . . 31627 748 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 748 2 See see VB 31627 748 3 Plate Plate NNP 31627 748 4 IV IV NNP 31627 748 5 . . . 31627 748 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 749 1 But but CC 31627 749 2 in in IN 31627 749 3 that that DT 31627 749 4 of of IN 31627 749 5 Etna Etna NNP 31627 749 6 this this DT 31627 749 7 mineral mineral NN 31627 749 8 is be VBZ 31627 749 9 ( ( -LRB- 31627 749 10 as as RB 31627 749 11 far far RB 31627 749 12 as as IN 31627 749 13 I -PRON- PRP 31627 749 14 am be VBP 31627 749 15 aware aware JJ 31627 749 16 ) ) -RRB- 31627 749 17 altogether altogether RB 31627 749 18 absent absent JJ 31627 749 19 . . . 31627 750 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 750 2 have have VBP 31627 750 3 fortunately fortunately RB 31627 750 4 abundant abundant JJ 31627 750 5 means mean NNS 31627 750 6 of of IN 31627 750 7 comparison comparison NN 31627 750 8 , , , 31627 750 9 as as IN 31627 750 10 the the DT 31627 750 11 lavas lavas NN 31627 750 12 of of IN 31627 750 13 these these DT 31627 750 14 two two CD 31627 750 15 mountains mountain NNS 31627 750 16 have have VBP 31627 750 17 been be VBN 31627 750 18 submitted submit VBN 31627 750 19 to to TO 31627 750 20 close close VB 31627 750 21 examination examination NN 31627 750 22 by by IN 31627 750 23 petrologists petrologist NNS 31627 750 24 . . . 31627 751 1 In in IN 31627 751 2 the the DT 31627 751 3 case case NN 31627 751 4 of of IN 31627 751 5 the the DT 31627 751 6 Vesuvian vesuvian JJ 31627 751 7 lavas lavas NN 31627 751 8 , , , 31627 751 9 an an DT 31627 751 10 elaborate elaborate JJ 31627 751 11 series series NN 31627 751 12 of of IN 31627 751 13 chemical chemical NN 31627 751 14 analyses analysis NNS 31627 751 15 and and CC 31627 751 16 microscopical microscopical JJ 31627 751 17 observations observation NNS 31627 751 18 have have VBP 31627 751 19 been be VBN 31627 751 20 made make VBN 31627 751 21 by by IN 31627 751 22 the the DT 31627 751 23 Rev. Rev. NNP 31627 752 1 Professor Professor NNP 31627 752 2 Haughton Haughton NNP 31627 752 3 , , , 31627 752 4 of of IN 31627 752 5 Dublin Dublin NNP 31627 752 6 University University NNP 31627 752 7 , , , 31627 752 8 and and CC 31627 752 9 the the DT 31627 752 10 author,[8 author,[8 NN 31627 752 11 ] ] -RRB- 31627 752 12 from from IN 31627 752 13 specimens specimen NNS 31627 752 14 collected collect VBN 31627 752 15 by by IN 31627 752 16 Professor Professor NNP 31627 752 17 Guiscardi Guiscardi NNP 31627 752 18 from from IN 31627 752 19 the the DT 31627 752 20 lava lava NN 31627 752 21 - - HYPH 31627 752 22 flows flow NNS 31627 752 23 extending extend VBG 31627 752 24 from from IN 31627 752 25 1631 1631 CD 31627 752 26 to to IN 31627 752 27 1868 1868 CD 31627 752 28 , , , 31627 752 29 in in IN 31627 752 30 every every DT 31627 752 31 one one CD 31627 752 32 of of IN 31627 752 33 which which WDT 31627 752 34 leucite leucite NN 31627 752 35 occurs occur VBZ 31627 752 36 , , , 31627 752 37 generally generally RB 31627 752 38 as as IN 31627 752 39 the the DT 31627 752 40 most most RBS 31627 752 41 abundant abundant JJ 31627 752 42 mineral mineral NN 31627 752 43 , , , 31627 752 44 always always RB 31627 752 45 as as IN 31627 752 46 an an DT 31627 752 47 essential essential JJ 31627 752 48 constituent constituent NN 31627 752 49 . . . 31627 753 1 On on IN 31627 753 2 the the DT 31627 753 3 other other JJ 31627 753 4 hand hand NN 31627 753 5 , , , 31627 753 6 the the DT 31627 753 7 composition composition NN 31627 753 8 of of IN 31627 753 9 the the DT 31627 753 10 lavas lavas NN 31627 753 11 of of IN 31627 753 12 Etna Etna NNP 31627 753 13 , , , 31627 753 14 determined determine VBN 31627 753 15 by by IN 31627 753 16 Professor Professor NNP 31627 753 17 A. A. NNP 31627 753 18 von von NNP 31627 753 19 Lasaulx Lasaulx NNP 31627 753 20 , , , 31627 753 21 from from IN 31627 753 22 specimens specimen NNS 31627 753 23 taken take VBN 31627 753 24 from from IN 31627 753 25 the the DT 31627 753 26 oldest old JJS 31627 753 27 ( ( -LRB- 31627 753 28 vorätnäischen vorätnäischen RB 31627 753 29 ) ) -RRB- 31627 753 30 sheets sheet NNS 31627 753 31 of of IN 31627 753 32 lava lava NN 31627 753 33 down down RP 31627 753 34 to to IN 31627 753 35 those those DT 31627 753 36 of of IN 31627 753 37 the the DT 31627 753 38 present present JJ 31627 753 39 day day NN 31627 753 40 , , , 31627 753 41 indicates indicate VBZ 31627 753 42 a a DT 31627 753 43 rock rock NN 31627 753 44 of of IN 31627 753 45 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 753 46 uniformity uniformity NN 31627 753 47 of of IN 31627 753 48 composition composition NN 31627 753 49 , , , 31627 753 50 in in IN 31627 753 51 which which WDT 31627 753 52 the the DT 31627 753 53 components component NNS 31627 753 54 are be VBP 31627 753 55 plagioclase plagioclase NN 31627 753 56 felspar felspar NNP 31627 753 57 , , , 31627 753 58 augite augite NNP 31627 753 59 , , , 31627 753 60 olivine olivine JJ 31627 753 61 , , , 31627 753 62 magnetite magnetite JJ 31627 753 63 , , , 31627 753 64 and and CC 31627 753 65 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 753 66 apatite apatite JJ 31627 753 67 ; ; : 31627 753 68 but but CC 31627 753 69 of of IN 31627 753 70 leucite leucite IN 31627 753 71 we -PRON- PRP 31627 753 72 have have VBP 31627 753 73 no no DT 31627 753 74 trace trace NN 31627 753 75 . . . 31627 754 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 754 2 9 9 CD 31627 754 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 754 4 In in IN 31627 754 5 fact fact NN 31627 754 6 , , , 31627 754 7 the the DT 31627 754 8 lavas lavas NN 31627 754 9 of of IN 31627 754 10 Etna Etna NNP 31627 754 11 are be VBP 31627 754 12 very very RB 31627 754 13 much much RB 31627 754 14 the the DT 31627 754 15 same same JJ 31627 754 16 in in IN 31627 754 17 composition composition NN 31627 754 18 as as IN 31627 754 19 the the DT 31627 754 20 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 754 21 basalts basalt NNS 31627 754 22 of of IN 31627 754 23 the the DT 31627 754 24 British British NNP 31627 754 25 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 754 26 , , , 31627 754 27 while while IN 31627 754 28 those those DT 31627 754 29 of of IN 31627 754 30 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 754 31 are be VBP 31627 754 32 of of IN 31627 754 33 a a DT 31627 754 34 different different JJ 31627 754 35 type type NN 31627 754 36 . . . 31627 755 1 This this DT 31627 755 2 seems seem VBZ 31627 755 3 to to TO 31627 755 4 suggest suggest VB 31627 755 5 an an DT 31627 755 6 origin origin NN 31627 755 7 of of IN 31627 755 8 the the DT 31627 755 9 two two CD 31627 755 10 sets set NNS 31627 755 11 of of IN 31627 755 12 lavas lavas NN 31627 755 13 from from IN 31627 755 14 a a DT 31627 755 15 different different JJ 31627 755 16 deep deep JJ 31627 755 17 - - HYPH 31627 755 18 seated seated JJ 31627 755 19 magma magma NN 31627 755 20 ; ; : 31627 755 21 the the DT 31627 755 22 presence presence NN 31627 755 23 of of IN 31627 755 24 leucite leucite NN 31627 755 25 in in IN 31627 755 26 such such JJ 31627 755 27 large large JJ 31627 755 28 quantity quantity NN 31627 755 29 requiring require VBG 31627 755 30 a a DT 31627 755 31 magma magma NN 31627 755 32 in in IN 31627 755 33 which which WDT 31627 755 34 soda soda NN 31627 755 35 is be VBZ 31627 755 36 in in IN 31627 755 37 excess excess NN 31627 755 38 , , , 31627 755 39 as as IN 31627 755 40 compared compare VBN 31627 755 41 with with IN 31627 755 42 that that DT 31627 755 43 from from IN 31627 755 44 which which WDT 31627 755 45 the the DT 31627 755 46 lavas lavas NN 31627 755 47 of of IN 31627 755 48 Etna Etna NNP 31627 755 49 have have VBP 31627 755 50 been be VBN 31627 755 51 derived derive VBN 31627 755 52 . . . 31627 756 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 756 2 10 10 CD 31627 756 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 756 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 756 5 1 1 CD 31627 756 6 ] ] -RRB- 31627 756 7 _ _ NNP 31627 756 8 Mémoires Mémoires NNP 31627 756 9 pour pour VBP 31627 756 10 Servir Servir NNP 31627 756 11 _ _ NNP 31627 756 12 , , , 31627 756 13 etc etc FW 31627 756 14 . . . 31627 756 15 , , , 31627 756 16 vol vol NNP 31627 756 17 . . . 31627 757 1 ii ii LS 31627 757 2 . . . 31627 758 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 758 2 2 2 LS 31627 758 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 758 4 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 758 5 , , , 31627 758 6 _ _ NNP 31627 758 7 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNP 31627 758 8 _ _ NNP 31627 758 9 , , , 31627 758 10 p. p. NN 31627 758 11 270 270 CD 31627 758 12 . . . 31627 759 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 759 2 3 3 LS 31627 759 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 759 4 Von Von NNP 31627 759 5 Waltershausen Waltershausen NNP 31627 759 6 , , , 31627 759 7 _ _ NNP 31627 759 8 Der Der NNP 31627 759 9 Ætna Ætna NNP 31627 759 10 _ _ NNP 31627 759 11 , , , 31627 759 12 edited edit VBN 31627 759 13 by by IN 31627 759 14 A. A. NNP 31627 759 15 von von NNP 31627 759 16 Lasaulx Lasaulx NNP 31627 759 17 . . . 31627 760 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 760 2 4 4 LS 31627 760 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 760 4 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 760 5 , , , 31627 760 6 _ _ NNP 31627 760 7 Principles Principles NNPS 31627 760 8 of of IN 31627 760 9 Geology Geology NNP 31627 760 10 _ _ NNP 31627 760 11 , , , 31627 760 12 vol vol NNP 31627 760 13 . . . 31627 761 1 ii ii NNP 31627 761 2 . . NNP 31627 761 3 , , , 31627 761 4 edition edition NN 31627 761 5 1872 1872 CD 31627 761 6 . . . 31627 762 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 762 2 5 5 CD 31627 762 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 762 4 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 762 5 height height NN 31627 762 6 , , , 31627 762 7 as as IN 31627 762 8 determined determine VBN 31627 762 9 by by IN 31627 762 10 Captain Captain NNP 31627 762 11 Smyth Smyth NNP 31627 762 12 in in IN 31627 762 13 1875 1875 CD 31627 762 14 trigonometrically trigonometrically RB 31627 762 15 , , , 31627 762 16 was be VBD 31627 762 17 10,874 10,874 CD 31627 762 18 feet foot NNS 31627 762 19 , , , 31627 762 20 and and CC 31627 762 21 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 762 22 by by IN 31627 762 23 Sir Sir NNP 31627 762 24 J. J. NNP 31627 762 25 Herschel Herschel NNP 31627 762 26 barometrically barometrically RB 31627 762 27 , , , 31627 762 28 10,872 10,872 CD 31627 762 29 feet foot NNS 31627 762 30 . . . 31627 763 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 763 2 6 6 CD 31627 763 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 763 4 _ _ NNP 31627 763 5 Atlas Atlas NNP 31627 763 6 des des FW 31627 763 7 Ætna Ætna NNP 31627 763 8 _ _ NNP 31627 763 9 ( ( -LRB- 31627 763 10 Weimar Weimar NNP 31627 763 11 , , , 31627 763 12 1858 1858 CD 31627 763 13 ) ) -RRB- 31627 763 14 , , , 31627 763 15 in in IN 31627 763 16 which which WDT 31627 763 17 the the DT 31627 763 18 different different JJ 31627 763 19 lava lava NN 31627 763 20 - - HYPH 31627 763 21 streams stream NNS 31627 763 22 of of IN 31627 763 23 1688 1688 CD 31627 763 24 , , , 31627 763 25 1802 1802 CD 31627 763 26 , , , 31627 763 27 1809 1809 CD 31627 763 28 , , , 31627 763 29 1811 1811 CD 31627 763 30 , , , 31627 763 31 1819 1819 CD 31627 763 32 , , , 31627 763 33 1824 1824 CD 31627 763 34 , , , 31627 763 35 and and CC 31627 763 36 1838 1838 CD 31627 763 37 are be VBP 31627 763 38 delineated delineate VBN 31627 763 39 . . . 31627 764 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 764 2 7 7 CD 31627 764 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 764 4 Sir Sir NNP 31627 764 5 William William NNP 31627 764 6 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 31627 764 7 observes observe VBZ 31627 764 8 that that IN 31627 764 9 history history NN 31627 764 10 is be VBZ 31627 764 11 silent silent JJ 31627 764 12 regarding regard VBG 31627 764 13 the the DT 31627 764 14 first first JJ 31627 764 15 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 764 16 of of IN 31627 764 17 Etna Etna NNP 31627 764 18 . . . 31627 765 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 765 2 was be VBD 31627 765 3 in in IN 31627 765 4 activity activity NN 31627 765 5 before before IN 31627 765 6 the the DT 31627 765 7 Trojan Trojan NNP 31627 765 8 War War NNP 31627 765 9 , , , 31627 765 10 and and CC 31627 765 11 even even RB 31627 765 12 before before IN 31627 765 13 the the DT 31627 765 14 arrival arrival NN 31627 765 15 of of IN 31627 765 16 the the DT 31627 765 17 " " `` 31627 765 18 Sizilien Sizilien NNP 31627 765 19 " " '' 31627 765 20 settlers settler NNS 31627 765 21 . . . 31627 766 1 Diodorus Diodorus NNP 31627 766 2 and and CC 31627 766 3 Thucydides thucydide NNS 31627 766 4 notice notice VBP 31627 766 5 the the DT 31627 766 6 earliest early JJS 31627 766 7 recorded recorded JJ 31627 766 8 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 766 9 , , , 31627 766 10 those those DT 31627 766 11 from from IN 31627 766 12 772 772 CD 31627 766 13 to to TO 31627 766 14 388 388 CD 31627 766 15 B.C. B.C. NNS 31627 766 16 , , , 31627 766 17 during during IN 31627 766 18 which which WDT 31627 766 19 time time NN 31627 766 20 the the DT 31627 766 21 mountain mountain NN 31627 766 22 was be VBD 31627 766 23 thrice thrice NN 31627 766 24 in in IN 31627 766 25 eruption eruption NN 31627 766 26 . . . 31627 767 1 Later later JJ 31627 767 2 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 767 3 took take VBD 31627 767 4 place place NN 31627 767 5 in in IN 31627 767 6 the the DT 31627 767 7 year year NN 31627 767 8 140 140 CD 31627 767 9 , , , 31627 767 10 135 135 CD 31627 767 11 , , , 31627 767 12 125 125 CD 31627 767 13 , , , 31627 767 14 122 122 CD 31627 767 15 B.C. B.C. NNP 31627 768 1 In in IN 31627 768 2 the the DT 31627 768 3 year year NN 31627 768 4 44 44 CD 31627 768 5 B.C. B.C. NNP 31627 768 6 , , , 31627 768 7 in in IN 31627 768 8 the the DT 31627 768 9 reign reign NN 31627 768 10 of of IN 31627 768 11 Julius Julius NNP 31627 768 12 Cæsar Cæsar NNP 31627 768 13 , , , 31627 768 14 there there EX 31627 768 15 was be VBD 31627 768 16 a a DT 31627 768 17 very very RB 31627 768 18 violent violent JJ 31627 768 19 outburst outburst NN 31627 768 20 of of IN 31627 768 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 768 22 activity.--_Neuere activity.--_neuere ADD 31627 768 23 Beobachtungen Beobachtungen NNP 31627 768 24 über über NN 31627 768 25 die die VBP 31627 768 26 Vulkane Vulkane NNP 31627 768 27 Italiens Italiens NNP 31627 768 28 und und VBP 31627 768 29 am be VBP 31627 768 30 Rhein Rhein NNP 31627 768 31 _ _ NNP 31627 768 32 , , , 31627 768 33 p. p. NN 31627 768 34 173 173 CD 31627 768 35 , , , 31627 768 36 Frankfurt Frankfurt NNP 31627 768 37 ( ( -LRB- 31627 768 38 1784 1784 CD 31627 768 39 ) ) -RRB- 31627 768 40 . . . 31627 769 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 769 2 8 8 CD 31627 769 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 769 4 " " `` 31627 769 5 Report report NN 31627 769 6 on on IN 31627 769 7 the the DT 31627 769 8 Chemical Chemical NNP 31627 769 9 and and CC 31627 769 10 Mineralogical Mineralogical NNP 31627 769 11 Characters Characters NNPS 31627 769 12 of of IN 31627 769 13 the the DT 31627 769 14 Lavas Lavas NNP 31627 769 15 of of IN 31627 769 16 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 769 17 from from IN 31627 769 18 1631 1631 CD 31627 769 19 to to IN 31627 769 20 1868 1868 CD 31627 769 21 , , , 31627 769 22 " " `` 31627 769 23 _ _ NNP 31627 769 24 Transactions Transactions NNPS 31627 769 25 of of IN 31627 769 26 the the DT 31627 769 27 Royal Royal NNP 31627 769 28 Irish Irish NNP 31627 769 29 Academy Academy NNP 31627 769 30 _ _ NNP 31627 769 31 , , , 31627 769 32 vol vol NNP 31627 769 33 . . . 31627 770 1 xxvi xxvi NNP 31627 770 2 . . . 31627 771 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 771 2 1876 1876 CD 31627 771 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 771 4 . . . 31627 772 1 In in IN 31627 772 2 the the DT 31627 772 3 lava lava NN 31627 772 4 of of IN 31627 772 5 1848 1848 CD 31627 772 6 leucite leucite NN 31627 772 7 was be VBD 31627 772 8 found find VBN 31627 772 9 to to TO 31627 772 10 reach reach VB 31627 772 11 44.9 44.9 CD 31627 772 12 per per IN 31627 772 13 cent cent NN 31627 772 14 . . . 31627 773 1 of of IN 31627 773 2 the the DT 31627 773 3 whole whole JJ 31627 773 4 mass mass NN 31627 773 5 . . . 31627 774 1 In in IN 31627 774 2 that that DT 31627 774 3 of of IN 31627 774 4 Granatello Granatello NNP 31627 774 5 , , , 31627 774 6 1631 1631 CD 31627 774 7 , , , 31627 774 8 it -PRON- PRP 31627 774 9 reaches reach VBZ 31627 774 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 774 11 lowest low JJS 31627 774 12 proportion proportion NN 31627 774 13 -- -- : 31627 774 14 viz viz NN 31627 774 15 . . . 31627 774 16 , , , 31627 774 17 3.37 3.37 CD 31627 774 18 per per IN 31627 774 19 cent cent NN 31627 774 20 . . . 31627 775 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 775 2 9 9 CD 31627 775 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 775 4 A. a. NN 31627 775 5 von von NNP 31627 775 6 Lasaulx Lasaulx NNP 31627 775 7 , , , 31627 775 8 in in IN 31627 775 9 Von Von NNP 31627 775 10 Waltershausen Waltershausen NNP 31627 775 11 's 's POS 31627 775 12 _ _ NNP 31627 775 13 Der Der NNP 31627 775 14 Ætna Ætna NNP 31627 775 15 _ _ NNP 31627 775 16 , , , 31627 775 17 Book Book NNP 31627 775 18 II II NNP 31627 775 19 . . NNP 31627 775 20 , , , 31627 775 21 x. x. NNP 31627 776 1 423 423 CD 31627 776 2 . . . 31627 777 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 777 2 10 10 CD 31627 777 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 777 4 The the DT 31627 777 5 view view NN 31627 777 6 of of IN 31627 777 7 Professor Professor NNP 31627 777 8 Judd Judd NNP 31627 777 9 , , , 31627 777 10 that that DT 31627 777 11 leucite leucite NN 31627 777 12 easily easily RB 31627 777 13 changes change VBZ 31627 777 14 into into IN 31627 777 15 felspar felspar NNS 31627 777 16 , , , 31627 777 17 and and CC 31627 777 18 that that IN 31627 777 19 some some DT 31627 777 20 ancient ancient JJ 31627 777 21 igneous igneous JJ 31627 777 22 rocks rock NNS 31627 777 23 which which WDT 31627 777 24 now now RB 31627 777 25 contain contain VBP 31627 777 26 felspar felspar NNS 31627 777 27 were be VBD 31627 777 28 originally originally RB 31627 777 29 leucitic leucitic JJ 31627 777 30 , , , 31627 777 31 does do VBZ 31627 777 32 not not RB 31627 777 33 seem seem VB 31627 777 34 to to TO 31627 777 35 be be VB 31627 777 36 borne bear VBN 31627 777 37 out out RP 31627 777 38 by by IN 31627 777 39 the the DT 31627 777 40 above above JJ 31627 777 41 facts fact NNS 31627 777 42 . . . 31627 778 1 In in IN 31627 778 2 such such JJ 31627 778 3 cases case NNS 31627 778 4 the the DT 31627 778 5 felspar felspar JJ 31627 778 6 crystals crystal NNS 31627 778 7 ought ought MD 31627 778 8 to to TO 31627 778 9 retain retain VB 31627 778 10 the the DT 31627 778 11 forms form NNS 31627 778 12 of of IN 31627 778 13 leucite leucite NN 31627 778 14 . . . 31627 779 1 See see VB 31627 779 2 _ _ NNP 31627 779 3 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNP 31627 779 4 _ _ NNP 31627 779 5 , , , 31627 779 6 4th 4th JJ 31627 779 7 edition edition NN 31627 779 8 , , , 31627 779 9 p. p. NN 31627 779 10 268 268 CD 31627 779 11 . . . 31627 780 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 780 2 III III NNP 31627 780 3 . . . 31627 781 1 THE the DT 31627 781 2 LIPARI LIPARI NNP 31627 781 3 ISLANDS island NNS 31627 781 4 , , , 31627 781 5 STROMBOLI STROMBOLI NNP 31627 781 6 . . . 31627 782 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 782 2 _ _ NNP 31627 782 3 a. a. NN 31627 782 4 _ _ NNP 31627 782 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 782 6 A a DT 31627 782 7 brief brief JJ 31627 782 8 account account NN 31627 782 9 of of IN 31627 782 10 this this DT 31627 782 11 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 782 12 group group NN 31627 782 13 of of IN 31627 782 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 782 15 islands island NNS 31627 782 16 must must MD 31627 782 17 here here RB 31627 782 18 be be VB 31627 782 19 given give VBN 31627 782 20 , , , 31627 782 21 inasmuch inasmuch JJ 31627 782 22 as as IN 31627 782 23 they -PRON- PRP 31627 782 24 seem seem VBP 31627 782 25 to to TO 31627 782 26 be be VB 31627 782 27 representatives representative NNS 31627 782 28 of of IN 31627 782 29 a a DT 31627 782 30 stage stage NN 31627 782 31 of of IN 31627 782 32 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 782 33 action action NN 31627 782 34 in in IN 31627 782 35 which which WDT 31627 782 36 the the DT 31627 782 37 igneous igneous JJ 31627 782 38 forces force NNS 31627 782 39 are be VBP 31627 782 40 gradually gradually RB 31627 782 41 losing lose VBG 31627 782 42 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 782 43 energy energy NN 31627 782 44 . . . 31627 783 1 According accord VBG 31627 783 2 to to IN 31627 783 3 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 783 4 , , , 31627 783 5 the the DT 31627 783 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 783 7 action action NN 31627 783 8 in in IN 31627 783 9 these these DT 31627 783 10 islands island NNS 31627 783 11 seems seem VBZ 31627 783 12 to to TO 31627 783 13 be be VB 31627 783 14 developed develop VBN 31627 783 15 along along IN 31627 783 16 two two CD 31627 783 17 lines line NNS 31627 783 18 , , , 31627 783 19 nearly nearly RB 31627 783 20 at at IN 31627 783 21 right right JJ 31627 783 22 angles angle NNS 31627 783 23 to to IN 31627 783 24 each each DT 31627 783 25 other other JJ 31627 783 26 , , , 31627 783 27 one one CD 31627 783 28 parallel parallel NN 31627 783 29 to to IN 31627 783 30 that that DT 31627 783 31 of of IN 31627 783 32 the the DT 31627 783 33 Apennines Apennines NNPS 31627 783 34 , , , 31627 783 35 beginning begin VBG 31627 783 36 with with IN 31627 783 37 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 783 38 , , , 31627 783 39 intersecting intersect VBG 31627 783 40 Panaria Panaria NNP 31627 783 41 , , , 31627 783 42 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 783 43 , , , 31627 783 44 and and CC 31627 783 45 Vulcano Vulcano NNP 31627 783 46 ; ; : 31627 783 47 the the DT 31627 783 48 other other JJ 31627 783 49 extending extending NN 31627 783 50 from from IN 31627 783 51 Panaria Panaria NNP 31627 783 52 to to IN 31627 783 53 Salina Salina NNP 31627 783 54 , , , 31627 783 55 Alicudi Alicudi NNP 31627 783 56 , , , 31627 783 57 and and CC 31627 783 58 Felicudi Felicudi NNP 31627 783 59 , , , 31627 783 60 and and CC 31627 783 61 again again RB 31627 783 62 visible visible JJ 31627 783 63 in in IN 31627 783 64 the the DT 31627 783 65 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 783 66 products product NNS 31627 783 67 which which WDT 31627 783 68 make make VBP 31627 783 69 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 783 70 appearance appearance NN 31627 783 71 at at IN 31627 783 72 Ustica Ustica NNP 31627 783 73 . . . 31627 784 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 784 2 See see VB 31627 784 3 Map Map NNP 31627 784 4 , , , 31627 784 5 Fig Fig NNP 31627 784 6 . . . 31627 785 1 11 11 CD 31627 785 2 . . . 31627 785 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 786 1 The the DT 31627 786 2 islands island NNS 31627 786 3 lie lie VBP 31627 786 4 between between IN 31627 786 5 the the DT 31627 786 6 north north NN 31627 786 7 coast coast NN 31627 786 8 of of IN 31627 786 9 Sicily Sicily NNP 31627 786 10 and and CC 31627 786 11 that that DT 31627 786 12 of of IN 31627 786 13 Italy Italy NNP 31627 786 14 , , , 31627 786 15 and and CC 31627 786 16 from from IN 31627 786 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 786 18 position position NN 31627 786 19 seem seem VBP 31627 786 20 to to TO 31627 786 21 connect connect VB 31627 786 22 Etna Etna NNP 31627 786 23 with with IN 31627 786 24 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 786 25 ; ; : 31627 786 26 but but CC 31627 786 27 this this DT 31627 786 28 is be VBZ 31627 786 29 very very RB 31627 786 30 problematical problematical JJ 31627 786 31 , , , 31627 786 32 as as IN 31627 786 33 would would MD 31627 786 34 appear appear VB 31627 786 35 from from IN 31627 786 36 the the DT 31627 786 37 difference difference NN 31627 786 38 of of IN 31627 786 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 786 40 lavas lavas NN 31627 786 41 . . . 31627 787 1 The the DT 31627 787 2 principal principal JJ 31627 787 3 islands island NNS 31627 787 4 are be VBP 31627 787 5 those those DT 31627 787 6 of of IN 31627 787 7 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 787 8 , , , 31627 787 9 Panaria Panaria NNP 31627 787 10 , , , 31627 787 11 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 787 12 , , , 31627 787 13 Vulcano Vulcano NNP 31627 787 14 , , , 31627 787 15 Salina Salina NNP 31627 787 16 , , , 31627 787 17 Felicudi Felicudi NNP 31627 787 18 , , , 31627 787 19 and and CC 31627 787 20 Alicudi Alicudi NNP 31627 787 21 . . . 31627 788 1 These these DT 31627 788 2 three three CD 31627 788 3 last last JJ 31627 788 4 are be VBP 31627 788 5 extinct extinct JJ 31627 788 6 or or CC 31627 788 7 dormant dormant JJ 31627 788 8 , , , 31627 788 9 but but CC 31627 788 10 Salina Salina NNP 31627 788 11 contains contain VBZ 31627 788 12 a a DT 31627 788 13 crater crater NN 31627 788 14 , , , 31627 788 15 rising rise VBG 31627 788 16 , , , 31627 788 17 according accord VBG 31627 788 18 to to IN 31627 788 19 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 788 20 , , , 31627 788 21 not not RB 31627 788 22 less less JJR 31627 788 23 than than IN 31627 788 24 3500 3500 CD 31627 788 25 feet foot NNS 31627 788 26 above above IN 31627 788 27 the the DT 31627 788 28 sea sea NN 31627 788 29 . . . 31627 789 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 789 2 1 1 LS 31627 789 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 789 4 Vulcano Vulcano NNP 31627 789 5 ( ( -LRB- 31627 789 6 referred refer VBN 31627 789 7 to to IN 31627 789 8 by by IN 31627 789 9 Strabo Strabo NNP 31627 789 10 under under IN 31627 789 11 the the DT 31627 789 12 name name NN 31627 789 13 of of IN 31627 789 14 Hiera Hiera NNP 31627 789 15 ) ) -RRB- 31627 789 16 consists consist VBZ 31627 789 17 of of IN 31627 789 18 a a DT 31627 789 19 crater crater NN 31627 789 20 which which WDT 31627 789 21 constantly constantly RB 31627 789 22 emits emit VBZ 31627 789 23 large large JJ 31627 789 24 quantities quantity NNS 31627 789 25 of of IN 31627 789 26 sulphurous sulphurous JJ 31627 789 27 vapours vapour NNS 31627 789 28 , , , 31627 789 29 but but CC 31627 789 30 was be VBD 31627 789 31 in in IN 31627 789 32 a a DT 31627 789 33 state state NN 31627 789 34 of of IN 31627 789 35 activity activity NN 31627 789 36 in in IN 31627 789 37 the the DT 31627 789 38 year year NN 31627 789 39 1786 1786 CD 31627 789 40 , , , 31627 789 41 when when WRB 31627 789 42 , , , 31627 789 43 after after IN 31627 789 44 frequent frequent JJ 31627 789 45 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 789 46 shocks shock NNS 31627 789 47 and and CC 31627 789 48 subterranean subterranean JJ 31627 789 49 noises noise NNS 31627 789 50 , , , 31627 789 51 it -PRON- PRP 31627 789 52 vomited vomit VBD 31627 789 53 forth forth RB 31627 789 54 during during IN 31627 789 55 fifteen fifteen CD 31627 789 56 days day NNS 31627 789 57 showers shower NNS 31627 789 58 of of IN 31627 789 59 sand sand NN 31627 789 60 , , , 31627 789 61 together together RB 31627 789 62 with with IN 31627 789 63 clouds cloud NNS 31627 789 64 of of IN 31627 789 65 smoke smoke NN 31627 789 66 and and CC 31627 789 67 flame flame NN 31627 789 68 , , , 31627 789 69 altering alter VBG 31627 789 70 materially materially RB 31627 789 71 the the DT 31627 789 72 shape shape NN 31627 789 73 of of IN 31627 789 74 the the DT 31627 789 75 crater crater NN 31627 789 76 from from IN 31627 789 77 which which WDT 31627 789 78 they -PRON- PRP 31627 789 79 proceeded proceed VBD 31627 789 80 . . . 31627 790 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 790 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 790 3 : : : 31627 790 4 LIPARI LIPARI NNP 31627 790 5 ISLANDS island NNS 31627 790 6 . . . 31627 791 1 Fig fig NN 31627 791 2 . . . 31627 792 1 11.--Map 11.--map CD 31627 792 2 to to TO 31627 792 3 show show VB 31627 792 4 the the DT 31627 792 5 position position NN 31627 792 6 of of IN 31627 792 7 these these DT 31627 792 8 islands island NNS 31627 792 9 , , , 31627 792 10 showing show VBG 31627 792 11 the the DT 31627 792 12 branching branch VBG 31627 792 13 lines line NNS 31627 792 14 of of IN 31627 792 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 792 16 action action NN 31627 792 17 -- -- : 31627 792 18 one one CD 31627 792 19 parallel parallel NN 31627 792 20 to to IN 31627 792 21 that that DT 31627 792 22 of of IN 31627 792 23 the the DT 31627 792 24 Apennines Apennines NNPS 31627 792 25 , , , 31627 792 26 the the DT 31627 792 27 other other JJ 31627 792 28 stretching stretch VBG 31627 792 29 westwards westward NNS 31627 792 30 at at IN 31627 792 31 right right JJ 31627 792 32 angles angle NNS 31627 792 33 thereto thereto NNP 31627 792 34 . . . 31627 792 35 ] ] -RRB- 31627 793 1 The the DT 31627 793 2 islands island NNS 31627 793 3 of of IN 31627 793 4 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 793 5 are be VBP 31627 793 6 formed form VBN 31627 793 7 of of IN 31627 793 8 beds bed NNS 31627 793 9 of of IN 31627 793 10 tuff tuff NNP 31627 793 11 , , , 31627 793 12 penetrated penetrate VBN 31627 793 13 by by IN 31627 793 14 numerous numerous JJ 31627 793 15 dykes dyke NNS 31627 793 16 of of IN 31627 793 17 lava lava NN 31627 793 18 , , , 31627 793 19 from from IN 31627 793 20 which which WDT 31627 793 21 uprise uprise IN 31627 793 22 two two CD 31627 793 23 or or CC 31627 793 24 three three CD 31627 793 25 craters crater NNS 31627 793 26 , , , 31627 793 27 formed form VBN 31627 793 28 of of IN 31627 793 29 pumice pumice NN 31627 793 30 and and CC 31627 793 31 obsidian obsidian JJ 31627 793 32 passing passing NN 31627 793 33 into into IN 31627 793 34 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 793 35 . . . 31627 794 1 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 794 2 operations operation NNS 31627 794 3 might may MD 31627 794 4 have have VB 31627 794 5 here here RB 31627 794 6 been be VBN 31627 794 7 said say VBN 31627 794 8 to to TO 31627 794 9 be be VB 31627 794 10 extinct extinct VBN 31627 794 11 , , , 31627 794 12 were be VBD 31627 794 13 it -PRON- PRP 31627 794 14 not not RB 31627 794 15 that that IN 31627 794 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 794 17 continuance continuance NN 31627 794 18 is be VBZ 31627 794 19 manifested manifest VBN 31627 794 20 by by IN 31627 794 21 the the DT 31627 794 22 existence existence NN 31627 794 23 of of IN 31627 794 24 hot hot JJ 31627 794 25 springs spring NNS 31627 794 26 and and CC 31627 794 27 " " `` 31627 794 28 stufes stufe NNS 31627 794 29 , , , 31627 794 30 " " '' 31627 794 31 or or CC 31627 794 32 vapour vapour NN 31627 794 33 baths bath NNS 31627 794 34 , , , 31627 794 35 at at IN 31627 794 36 St. St. NNP 31627 794 37 Calogero Calogero NNP 31627 794 38 , , , 31627 794 39 about about RB 31627 794 40 four four CD 31627 794 41 miles mile NNS 31627 794 42 from from IN 31627 794 43 the the DT 31627 794 44 town town NN 31627 794 45 of of IN 31627 794 46 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 794 47 . . . 31627 795 1 Daubeny daubeny NN 31627 795 2 considers consider VBZ 31627 795 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 795 4 not not RB 31627 795 5 improbable improbable JJ 31627 795 6 that that IN 31627 795 7 this this DT 31627 795 8 island island NN 31627 795 9 may may MD 31627 795 10 have have VB 31627 795 11 had have VBN 31627 795 12 an an DT 31627 795 13 active active JJ 31627 795 14 volcano volcano NN 31627 795 15 even even RB 31627 795 16 within within IN 31627 795 17 the the DT 31627 795 18 historical historical JJ 31627 795 19 period period NN 31627 795 20 , , , 31627 795 21 a a DT 31627 795 22 view view NN 31627 795 23 which which WDT 31627 795 24 is be VBZ 31627 795 25 borne bear VBN 31627 795 26 out out RP 31627 795 27 by by IN 31627 795 28 the the DT 31627 795 29 statement statement NN 31627 795 30 of of IN 31627 795 31 Strabo Strabo NNP 31627 795 32 . . . 31627 796 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 796 2 2 2 CD 31627 796 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 796 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 796 5 Illustration illustration NN 31627 796 6 : : : 31627 796 7 Fig Fig NNP 31627 796 8 . . . 31627 797 1 12.--Island 12.--island CD 31627 797 2 of of IN 31627 797 3 Vulcano Vulcano NNP 31627 797 4 , , , 31627 797 5 one one CD 31627 797 6 of of IN 31627 797 7 the the DT 31627 797 8 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 797 9 Group Group NNP 31627 797 10 , , , 31627 797 11 in in IN 31627 797 12 eruption.--(After eruption.--(After -LRB- 31627 797 13 Sir Sir NNP 31627 797 14 W. W. NNP 31627 798 1 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 31627 798 2 . . . 31627 798 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 798 4 ] ] -RRB- 31627 799 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 799 2 _ _ NNP 31627 799 3 b. b. NN 31627 799 4 _ _ NNP 31627 799 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 799 6 But but CC 31627 799 7 by by IN 31627 799 8 far far RB 31627 799 9 the the DT 31627 799 10 most most RBS 31627 799 11 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 799 12 island island NN 31627 799 13 of of IN 31627 799 14 the the DT 31627 799 15 group group NN 31627 799 16 , , , 31627 799 17 as as IN 31627 799 18 regards regard VBZ 31627 799 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 799 20 present present JJ 31627 799 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 799 22 condition condition NN 31627 799 23 , , , 31627 799 24 is be VBZ 31627 799 25 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 799 26 , , , 31627 799 27 which which WDT 31627 799 28 has have VBZ 31627 799 29 ever ever RB 31627 799 30 been be VBN 31627 799 31 in in IN 31627 799 32 active active JJ 31627 799 33 eruption eruption NN 31627 799 34 from from IN 31627 799 35 the the DT 31627 799 36 commencement commencement NN 31627 799 37 of of IN 31627 799 38 history history NN 31627 799 39 down down RP 31627 799 40 to to IN 31627 799 41 the the DT 31627 799 42 present present JJ 31627 799 43 day day NN 31627 799 44 . . . 31627 800 1 Professor Professor NNP 31627 800 2 Judd Judd NNP 31627 800 3 , , , 31627 800 4 who who WP 31627 800 5 visited visit VBD 31627 800 6 this this DT 31627 800 7 island island NN 31627 800 8 in in IN 31627 800 9 1874 1874 CD 31627 800 10 , , , 31627 800 11 and and CC 31627 800 12 has have VBZ 31627 800 13 produced produce VBN 31627 800 14 a a DT 31627 800 15 striking striking JJ 31627 800 16 representation representation NN 31627 800 17 of of IN 31627 800 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 800 19 aspect,[3 aspect,[3 NN 31627 800 20 ] ] -RRB- 31627 800 21 gives give VBZ 31627 800 22 an an DT 31627 800 23 account account NN 31627 800 24 of of IN 31627 800 25 which which WDT 31627 800 26 I -PRON- PRP 31627 800 27 shall shall MD 31627 800 28 here here RB 31627 800 29 avail avail VB 31627 800 30 myself -PRON- PRP 31627 800 31 . . . 31627 801 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 801 2 4 4 LS 31627 801 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 801 4 The the DT 31627 801 5 island island NN 31627 801 6 is be VBZ 31627 801 7 of of IN 31627 801 8 rudely rudely RB 31627 801 9 circular circular JJ 31627 801 10 outline outline NN 31627 801 11 , , , 31627 801 12 and and CC 31627 801 13 rises rise VBZ 31627 801 14 into into IN 31627 801 15 a a DT 31627 801 16 cone cone NN 31627 801 17 , , , 31627 801 18 the the DT 31627 801 19 summit summit NN 31627 801 20 of of IN 31627 801 21 which which WDT 31627 801 22 is be VBZ 31627 801 23 3090 3090 CD 31627 801 24 feet foot NNS 31627 801 25 above above IN 31627 801 26 the the DT 31627 801 27 level level NN 31627 801 28 of of IN 31627 801 29 the the DT 31627 801 30 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 801 31 . . . 31627 802 1 From from IN 31627 802 2 a a DT 31627 802 3 point point NN 31627 802 4 on on IN 31627 802 5 the the DT 31627 802 6 side side NN 31627 802 7 of of IN 31627 802 8 the the DT 31627 802 9 mountain mountain NN 31627 802 10 masses masse NNS 31627 802 11 of of IN 31627 802 12 vapour vapour NN 31627 802 13 are be VBP 31627 802 14 seen see VBN 31627 802 15 to to TO 31627 802 16 issue issue VB 31627 802 17 , , , 31627 802 18 and and CC 31627 802 19 these these DT 31627 802 20 unite unite VBP 31627 802 21 to to TO 31627 802 22 form form VB 31627 802 23 a a DT 31627 802 24 cloud cloud NN 31627 802 25 over over IN 31627 802 26 the the DT 31627 802 27 summit summit NN 31627 802 28 ; ; : 31627 802 29 the the DT 31627 802 30 outline outline NN 31627 802 31 of of IN 31627 802 32 this this DT 31627 802 33 vapour vapour JJ 31627 802 34 - - HYPH 31627 802 35 cloud cloud NN 31627 802 36 varying varying NN 31627 802 37 continually continually RB 31627 802 38 according accord VBG 31627 802 39 to to IN 31627 802 40 the the DT 31627 802 41 hygrometric hygrometric NN 31627 802 42 state state NN 31627 802 43 of of IN 31627 802 44 the the DT 31627 802 45 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 802 46 , , , 31627 802 47 and and CC 31627 802 48 the the DT 31627 802 49 direction direction NN 31627 802 50 and and CC 31627 802 51 force force NN 31627 802 52 of of IN 31627 802 53 the the DT 31627 802 54 wind wind NN 31627 802 55 . . . 31627 803 1 At at IN 31627 803 2 the the DT 31627 803 3 time time NN 31627 803 4 of of IN 31627 803 5 Professor Professor NNP 31627 803 6 Judd Judd NNP 31627 803 7 's 's POS 31627 803 8 visit visit NN 31627 803 9 , , , 31627 803 10 the the DT 31627 803 11 vapour vapour NN 31627 803 12 - - HYPH 31627 803 13 cloud cloud NN 31627 803 14 was be VBD 31627 803 15 spread spread VBN 31627 803 16 in in IN 31627 803 17 a a DT 31627 803 18 great great JJ 31627 803 19 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 803 20 stratum stratum NN 31627 803 21 overshadowing overshadow VBG 31627 803 22 the the DT 31627 803 23 whole whole JJ 31627 803 24 island island NN 31627 803 25 ; ; : 31627 803 26 but but CC 31627 803 27 it -PRON- PRP 31627 803 28 was be VBD 31627 803 29 clearly clearly RB 31627 803 30 seen see VBN 31627 803 31 to to TO 31627 803 32 be be VB 31627 803 33 made make VBN 31627 803 34 up up RP 31627 803 35 of of IN 31627 803 36 a a DT 31627 803 37 number number NN 31627 803 38 of of IN 31627 803 39 globular globular JJ 31627 803 40 masses masse NNS 31627 803 41 , , , 31627 803 42 each each DT 31627 803 43 of of IN 31627 803 44 which which WDT 31627 803 45 is be VBZ 31627 803 46 a a DT 31627 803 47 product product NN 31627 803 48 of of IN 31627 803 49 a a DT 31627 803 50 distinct distinct JJ 31627 803 51 outburst outburst NN 31627 803 52 of of IN 31627 803 53 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 803 54 forces force NNS 31627 803 55 . . . 31627 804 1 Viewed view VBN 31627 804 2 at at IN 31627 804 3 night night NN 31627 804 4 - - HYPH 31627 804 5 time time NN 31627 804 6 , , , 31627 804 7 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 804 8 presents present VBZ 31627 804 9 a a DT 31627 804 10 far far RB 31627 804 11 more more RBR 31627 804 12 striking striking JJ 31627 804 13 and and CC 31627 804 14 singular singular JJ 31627 804 15 spectacle spectacle NN 31627 804 16 . . . 31627 805 1 When when WRB 31627 805 2 watched watch VBN 31627 805 3 from from IN 31627 805 4 the the DT 31627 805 5 deck deck NN 31627 805 6 of of IN 31627 805 7 a a DT 31627 805 8 vessel vessel NN 31627 805 9 , , , 31627 805 10 a a DT 31627 805 11 glow glow NN 31627 805 12 of of IN 31627 805 13 red red JJ 31627 805 14 light light NN 31627 805 15 is be VBZ 31627 805 16 seen see VBN 31627 805 17 to to TO 31627 805 18 make make VB 31627 805 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 805 20 appearance appearance NN 31627 805 21 from from IN 31627 805 22 time time NN 31627 805 23 to to IN 31627 805 24 time time NN 31627 805 25 above above IN 31627 805 26 the the DT 31627 805 27 summit summit NN 31627 805 28 of of IN 31627 805 29 the the DT 31627 805 30 mountain mountain NN 31627 805 31 ; ; : 31627 805 32 it -PRON- PRP 31627 805 33 may may MD 31627 805 34 be be VB 31627 805 35 observed observe VBN 31627 805 36 to to TO 31627 805 37 increase increase VB 31627 805 38 gradually gradually RB 31627 805 39 in in IN 31627 805 40 intensity intensity NN 31627 805 41 , , , 31627 805 42 and and CC 31627 805 43 then then RB 31627 805 44 as as IN 31627 805 45 gradually gradually RB 31627 805 46 to to TO 31627 805 47 die die VB 31627 805 48 away away RB 31627 805 49 . . . 31627 806 1 After after IN 31627 806 2 a a DT 31627 806 3 short short JJ 31627 806 4 interval interval NN 31627 806 5 the the DT 31627 806 6 same same JJ 31627 806 7 appearances appearance NNS 31627 806 8 are be VBP 31627 806 9 repeated repeat VBN 31627 806 10 , , , 31627 806 11 and and CC 31627 806 12 this this DT 31627 806 13 goes go VBZ 31627 806 14 on on RP 31627 806 15 till till IN 31627 806 16 the the DT 31627 806 17 increasing increase VBG 31627 806 18 light light NN 31627 806 19 of of IN 31627 806 20 dawn dawn NN 31627 806 21 causes cause VBZ 31627 806 22 the the DT 31627 806 23 phenomenon phenomenon NN 31627 806 24 to to TO 31627 806 25 be be VB 31627 806 26 no no DT 31627 806 27 longer long RBR 31627 806 28 visible visible JJ 31627 806 29 . . . 31627 807 1 The the DT 31627 807 2 resemblance resemblance NN 31627 807 3 presented present VBN 31627 807 4 by by IN 31627 807 5 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 807 6 to to IN 31627 807 7 a a DT 31627 807 8 " " `` 31627 807 9 flashing flash VBG 31627 807 10 light light NN 31627 807 11 " " '' 31627 807 12 on on IN 31627 807 13 a a DT 31627 807 14 most most RBS 31627 807 15 gigantic gigantic JJ 31627 807 16 scale scale NN 31627 807 17 is be VBZ 31627 807 18 very very RB 31627 807 19 striking striking JJ 31627 807 20 , , , 31627 807 21 and and CC 31627 807 22 the the DT 31627 807 23 mountain mountain NN 31627 807 24 has have VBZ 31627 807 25 long long RB 31627 807 26 been be VBN 31627 807 27 known know VBN 31627 807 28 as as IN 31627 807 29 " " `` 31627 807 30 the the DT 31627 807 31 lighthouse lighthouse NN 31627 807 32 of of IN 31627 807 33 the the DT 31627 807 34 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 807 35 . . . 31627 807 36 " " '' 31627 808 1 The the DT 31627 808 2 mountain mountain NN 31627 808 3 is be VBZ 31627 808 4 built build VBN 31627 808 5 up up IN 31627 808 6 of of IN 31627 808 7 ashes ashe NNS 31627 808 8 , , , 31627 808 9 slag slag NN 31627 808 10 , , , 31627 808 11 and and CC 31627 808 12 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 808 13 , , , 31627 808 14 to to IN 31627 808 15 a a DT 31627 808 16 height height NN 31627 808 17 of of IN 31627 808 18 ( ( -LRB- 31627 808 19 as as RB 31627 808 20 already already RB 31627 808 21 stated state VBN 31627 808 22 ) ) -RRB- 31627 808 23 over over IN 31627 808 24 3000 3000 CD 31627 808 25 feet foot NNS 31627 808 26 above above IN 31627 808 27 the the DT 31627 808 28 surface surface NN 31627 808 29 of of IN 31627 808 30 the the DT 31627 808 31 sea sea NN 31627 808 32 ; ; : 31627 808 33 but but CC 31627 808 34 , , , 31627 808 35 as as IN 31627 808 36 Professor Professor NNP 31627 808 37 Judd Judd NNP 31627 808 38 observes observe VBZ 31627 808 39 , , , 31627 808 40 this this DT 31627 808 41 by by IN 31627 808 42 no no DT 31627 808 43 means means NN 31627 808 44 gives give VBZ 31627 808 45 a a DT 31627 808 46 just just JJ 31627 808 47 idea idea NN 31627 808 48 of of IN 31627 808 49 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 808 50 vast vast JJ 31627 808 51 bulk bulk NN 31627 808 52 . . . 31627 809 1 Soundings sounding NNS 31627 809 2 in in IN 31627 809 3 the the DT 31627 809 4 sea sea NN 31627 809 5 surrounding surround VBG 31627 809 6 the the DT 31627 809 7 island island NN 31627 809 8 show show NN 31627 809 9 that that IN 31627 809 10 the the DT 31627 809 11 bottom bottom NN 31627 809 12 gradually gradually RB 31627 809 13 shelves shelve VBZ 31627 809 14 around around IN 31627 809 15 the the DT 31627 809 16 shores shore NNS 31627 809 17 to to IN 31627 809 18 a a DT 31627 809 19 depth depth NN 31627 809 20 of of IN 31627 809 21 nearly nearly RB 31627 809 22 600 600 CD 31627 809 23 fathoms fathom NNS 31627 809 24 , , , 31627 809 25 so so IN 31627 809 26 that that IN 31627 809 27 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 809 28 is be VBZ 31627 809 29 a a DT 31627 809 30 great great JJ 31627 809 31 conical conical JJ 31627 809 32 mass mass NN 31627 809 33 of of IN 31627 809 34 cinders cinder NNS 31627 809 35 and and CC 31627 809 36 slaggy slaggy JJ 31627 809 37 materials material NNS 31627 809 38 , , , 31627 809 39 having have VBG 31627 809 40 a a DT 31627 809 41 height height NN 31627 809 42 above above IN 31627 809 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 809 44 floor floor NN 31627 809 45 of of IN 31627 809 46 about about IN 31627 809 47 6600 6600 CD 31627 809 48 feet foot NNS 31627 809 49 , , , 31627 809 50 and and CC 31627 809 51 a a DT 31627 809 52 base base NN 31627 809 53 the the DT 31627 809 54 diameter diameter NN 31627 809 55 of of IN 31627 809 56 which which WDT 31627 809 57 exceeds exceed VBZ 31627 809 58 four four CD 31627 809 59 miles mile NNS 31627 809 60 . . . 31627 810 1 The the DT 31627 810 2 crater crater NN 31627 810 3 of of IN 31627 810 4 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 810 5 is be VBZ 31627 810 6 situated situate VBN 31627 810 7 , , , 31627 810 8 not not RB 31627 810 9 at at IN 31627 810 10 the the DT 31627 810 11 apex apex NN 31627 810 12 of of IN 31627 810 13 the the DT 31627 810 14 cone cone NN 31627 810 15 , , , 31627 810 16 but but CC 31627 810 17 at at IN 31627 810 18 a a DT 31627 810 19 distance distance NN 31627 810 20 of of IN 31627 810 21 1000 1000 CD 31627 810 22 feet foot NNS 31627 810 23 below below IN 31627 810 24 it -PRON- PRP 31627 810 25 . . . 31627 811 1 The the DT 31627 811 2 explosions explosion NNS 31627 811 3 of of IN 31627 811 4 steam steam NN 31627 811 5 , , , 31627 811 6 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 811 7 by by IN 31627 811 8 the the DT 31627 811 9 roaring roaring NN 31627 811 10 as as IN 31627 811 11 of of IN 31627 811 12 a a DT 31627 811 13 smelting smelting NN 31627 811 14 furnace furnace NN 31627 811 15 , , , 31627 811 16 or or CC 31627 811 17 of of IN 31627 811 18 a a DT 31627 811 19 railway railway NN 31627 811 20 engine engine NN 31627 811 21 when when WRB 31627 811 22 blowing blow VBG 31627 811 23 off off RP 31627 811 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 811 25 steam steam NN 31627 811 26 , , , 31627 811 27 are be VBP 31627 811 28 said say VBN 31627 811 29 by by IN 31627 811 30 Judd Judd NNP 31627 811 31 to to TO 31627 811 32 take take VB 31627 811 33 place place NN 31627 811 34 at at IN 31627 811 35 very very RB 31627 811 36 irregular irregular JJ 31627 811 37 intervals interval NNS 31627 811 38 of of IN 31627 811 39 time time NN 31627 811 40 , , , 31627 811 41 " " '' 31627 811 42 varying vary VBG 31627 811 43 from from IN 31627 811 44 less less JJR 31627 811 45 than than IN 31627 811 46 one one CD 31627 811 47 minute minute NN 31627 811 48 to to TO 31627 811 49 twenty twenty CD 31627 811 50 minutes minute NNS 31627 811 51 , , , 31627 811 52 or or CC 31627 811 53 even even RB 31627 811 54 more more JJR 31627 811 55 . . . 31627 811 56 " " '' 31627 812 1 On on IN 31627 812 2 the the DT 31627 812 3 other other JJ 31627 812 4 hand hand NN 31627 812 5 , , , 31627 812 6 Hoffmann Hoffmann NNP 31627 812 7 describes describe VBZ 31627 812 8 them -PRON- PRP 31627 812 9 as as IN 31627 812 10 occurring occur VBG 31627 812 11 at at IN 31627 812 12 " " `` 31627 812 13 perfectly perfectly RB 31627 812 14 regular regular JJ 31627 812 15 intervals interval NNS 31627 812 16 , , , 31627 812 17 " " '' 31627 812 18 so so IN 31627 812 19 that that IN 31627 812 20 , , , 31627 812 21 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 812 22 , , , 31627 812 23 some some DT 31627 812 24 variation variation NN 31627 812 25 has have VBZ 31627 812 26 taken take VBN 31627 812 27 place place NN 31627 812 28 within within IN 31627 812 29 the the DT 31627 812 30 interval interval NN 31627 812 31 of of IN 31627 812 32 about about RB 31627 812 33 forty forty CD 31627 812 34 years year NNS 31627 812 35 between between IN 31627 812 36 each each DT 31627 812 37 observation observation NN 31627 812 38 . . . 31627 813 1 Both both DT 31627 813 2 observers observer NNS 31627 813 3 agree agree VBP 31627 813 4 in in IN 31627 813 5 stating state VBG 31627 813 6 that that DT 31627 813 7 lava lava NN 31627 813 8 is be VBZ 31627 813 9 to to TO 31627 813 10 be be VB 31627 813 11 seen see VBN 31627 813 12 welling well VBG 31627 813 13 up up RP 31627 813 14 from from IN 31627 813 15 some some DT 31627 813 16 of of IN 31627 813 17 the the DT 31627 813 18 apertures aperture NNS 31627 813 19 within within IN 31627 813 20 the the DT 31627 813 21 crater crater NN 31627 813 22 , , , 31627 813 23 and and CC 31627 813 24 pouring pour VBG 31627 813 25 down down RP 31627 813 26 the the DT 31627 813 27 slope slope NN 31627 813 28 towards towards IN 31627 813 29 the the DT 31627 813 30 sea sea NN 31627 813 31 , , , 31627 813 32 which which WDT 31627 813 33 it -PRON- PRP 31627 813 34 seldom seldom RB 31627 813 35 or or CC 31627 813 36 never never RB 31627 813 37 reaches reach VBZ 31627 813 38 . . . 31627 814 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 814 2 5 5 LS 31627 814 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 814 4 The the DT 31627 814 5 intermittent intermittent JJ 31627 814 6 character character NN 31627 814 7 of of IN 31627 814 8 these these DT 31627 814 9 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 814 10 appears appear VBZ 31627 814 11 to to TO 31627 814 12 be be VB 31627 814 13 due due JJ 31627 814 14 , , , 31627 814 15 as as IN 31627 814 16 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 814 17 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 814 18 has have VBZ 31627 814 19 suggested suggest VBN 31627 814 20 , , , 31627 814 21 to to IN 31627 814 22 the the DT 31627 814 23 exact exact JJ 31627 814 24 proportion proportion NN 31627 814 25 between between IN 31627 814 26 the the DT 31627 814 27 expansive expansive JJ 31627 814 28 and and CC 31627 814 29 repressive repressive JJ 31627 814 30 forces force NNS 31627 814 31 ; ; : 31627 814 32 the the DT 31627 814 33 expansive expansive JJ 31627 814 34 force force NN 31627 814 35 arising arise VBG 31627 814 36 from from IN 31627 814 37 the the DT 31627 814 38 generation generation NN 31627 814 39 of of IN 31627 814 40 a a DT 31627 814 41 certain certain JJ 31627 814 42 amount amount NN 31627 814 43 of of IN 31627 814 44 aqueous aqueous JJ 31627 814 45 vapour vapour NN 31627 814 46 and and CC 31627 814 47 of of IN 31627 814 48 elastic elastic JJ 31627 814 49 gas gas NN 31627 814 50 ; ; : 31627 814 51 the the DT 31627 814 52 repressive repressive NN 31627 814 53 , , , 31627 814 54 from from IN 31627 814 55 the the DT 31627 814 56 pressure pressure NN 31627 814 57 of of IN 31627 814 58 the the DT 31627 814 59 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 814 60 and and CC 31627 814 61 from from IN 31627 814 62 the the DT 31627 814 63 weight weight NN 31627 814 64 of of IN 31627 814 65 the the DT 31627 814 66 superincumbent superincumbent NN 31627 814 67 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 814 68 products product NNS 31627 814 69 . . . 31627 815 1 Steam steam NN 31627 815 2 is be VBZ 31627 815 3 here here RB 31627 815 4 , , , 31627 815 5 as as IN 31627 815 6 in in IN 31627 815 7 a a DT 31627 815 8 steam steam NN 31627 815 9 - - HYPH 31627 815 10 engine engine NN 31627 815 11 , , , 31627 815 12 not not RB 31627 815 13 the the DT 31627 815 14 originating originate VBG 31627 815 15 agent agent NN 31627 815 16 in in IN 31627 815 17 the the DT 31627 815 18 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 815 19 recorded record VBN 31627 815 20 ; ; : 31627 815 21 but but CC 31627 815 22 the the DT 31627 815 23 result result NN 31627 815 24 of of IN 31627 815 25 water water NN 31627 815 26 coming come VBG 31627 815 27 in in IN 31627 815 28 contact contact NN 31627 815 29 with with IN 31627 815 30 molten molten JJ 31627 815 31 lava lava NN 31627 815 32 constantly constantly RB 31627 815 33 welling well VBG 31627 815 34 up up RP 31627 815 35 from from IN 31627 815 36 the the DT 31627 815 37 interior interior NN 31627 815 38 , , , 31627 815 39 by by IN 31627 815 40 which which WDT 31627 815 41 it -PRON- PRP 31627 815 42 is be VBZ 31627 815 43 converted convert VBN 31627 815 44 into into IN 31627 815 45 steam steam NN 31627 815 46 , , , 31627 815 47 which which WDT 31627 815 48 from from IN 31627 815 49 time time NN 31627 815 50 to to IN 31627 815 51 time time NN 31627 815 52 acquires acquire VBZ 31627 815 53 sufficient sufficient JJ 31627 815 54 elastic elastic JJ 31627 815 55 force force NN 31627 815 56 to to TO 31627 815 57 produce produce VB 31627 815 58 the the DT 31627 815 59 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 815 60 ; ; : 31627 815 61 the the DT 31627 815 62 water water NN 31627 815 63 being be VBG 31627 815 64 obviously obviously RB 31627 815 65 derived derive VBN 31627 815 66 from from IN 31627 815 67 the the DT 31627 815 68 surrounding surround VBG 31627 815 69 sea sea NN 31627 815 70 , , , 31627 815 71 which which WDT 31627 815 72 finds find VBZ 31627 815 73 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 815 74 way way NN 31627 815 75 by by IN 31627 815 76 filtration filtration NN 31627 815 77 through through IN 31627 815 78 fissures fissure NNS 31627 815 79 , , , 31627 815 80 or or CC 31627 815 81 through through IN 31627 815 82 the the DT 31627 815 83 porous porous JJ 31627 815 84 mass mass NN 31627 815 85 of of IN 31627 815 86 which which WDT 31627 815 87 the the DT 31627 815 88 mountain mountain NN 31627 815 89 is be VBZ 31627 815 90 formed form VBN 31627 815 91 . . . 31627 816 1 Were be VBD 31627 816 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 816 3 not not RB 31627 816 4 for for IN 31627 816 5 the the DT 31627 816 6 access access NN 31627 816 7 of of IN 31627 816 8 water water NN 31627 816 9 this this DT 31627 816 10 volcano volcano NN 31627 816 11 would would MD 31627 816 12 probably probably RB 31627 816 13 appear appear VB 31627 816 14 as as IN 31627 816 15 a a DT 31627 816 16 fissure fissure NN 31627 816 17 - - HYPH 31627 816 18 cone cone NN 31627 816 19 extruding extrude VBG 31627 816 20 a a DT 31627 816 21 small small JJ 31627 816 22 and and CC 31627 816 23 continuous continuous JJ 31627 816 24 stream stream NN 31627 816 25 of of IN 31627 816 26 molten molten JJ 31627 816 27 lava lava NN 31627 816 28 . . . 31627 817 1 The the DT 31627 817 2 adventitious adventitious JJ 31627 817 3 access access NN 31627 817 4 of of IN 31627 817 5 the the DT 31627 817 6 sea sea NN 31627 817 7 water water NN 31627 817 8 gives give VBZ 31627 817 9 rise rise VB 31627 817 10 to to IN 31627 817 11 the the DT 31627 817 12 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 817 13 of of IN 31627 817 14 intermittent intermittent JJ 31627 817 15 explosions explosion NNS 31627 817 16 . . . 31627 818 1 The the DT 31627 818 2 vitality vitality NN 31627 818 3 of of IN 31627 818 4 the the DT 31627 818 5 volcano volcano NN 31627 818 6 is be VBZ 31627 818 7 therefore therefore RB 31627 818 8 due due JJ 31627 818 9 , , , 31627 818 10 not not RB 31627 818 11 to to IN 31627 818 12 the the DT 31627 818 13 presence presence NN 31627 818 14 of of IN 31627 818 15 water water NN 31627 818 16 , , , 31627 818 17 but but CC 31627 818 18 to to IN 31627 818 19 the the DT 31627 818 20 welling welling NN 31627 818 21 up up RP 31627 818 22 of of IN 31627 818 23 matter matter NN 31627 818 24 from from IN 31627 818 25 the the DT 31627 818 26 internal internal JJ 31627 818 27 reservoir reservoir NN 31627 818 28 through through IN 31627 818 29 the the DT 31627 818 30 throat throat NN 31627 818 31 of of IN 31627 818 32 the the DT 31627 818 33 volcano volcano NN 31627 818 34 . . . 31627 819 1 _ _ NNP 31627 819 2 Pantelleria._--This Pantelleria._--This NNP 31627 819 3 island island NN 31627 819 4 , , , 31627 819 5 lying lie VBG 31627 819 6 between between IN 31627 819 7 the the DT 31627 819 8 coast coast NN 31627 819 9 of of IN 31627 819 10 Sicily Sicily NNP 31627 819 11 and and CC 31627 819 12 Cape Cape NNP 31627 819 13 Bon Bon NNP 31627 819 14 in in IN 31627 819 15 Africa Africa NNP 31627 819 16 , , , 31627 819 17 is be VBZ 31627 819 18 wholly wholly RB 31627 819 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 819 20 . . . 31627 820 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 820 2 has have VBZ 31627 820 3 a a DT 31627 820 4 circumference circumference NN 31627 820 5 of of IN 31627 820 6 thirty thirty CD 31627 820 7 miles mile NNS 31627 820 8 , , , 31627 820 9 and and CC 31627 820 10 from from IN 31627 820 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 820 12 centre centre NN 31627 820 13 rises rise VBZ 31627 820 14 an an DT 31627 820 15 extinct extinct JJ 31627 820 16 crater crater NN 31627 820 17 - - HYPH 31627 820 18 cone cone NN 31627 820 19 to to IN 31627 820 20 a a DT 31627 820 21 height height NN 31627 820 22 of of IN 31627 820 23 about about RB 31627 820 24 3000 3000 CD 31627 820 25 feet foot NNS 31627 820 26 . . . 31627 821 1 The the DT 31627 821 2 flanks flank NNS 31627 821 3 of of IN 31627 821 4 this this DT 31627 821 5 volcano volcano NN 31627 821 6 are be VBP 31627 821 7 diversified diversify VBN 31627 821 8 by by IN 31627 821 9 several several JJ 31627 821 10 fresh fresh JJ 31627 821 11 craters crater NNS 31627 821 12 and and CC 31627 821 13 lava lava NN 31627 821 14 - - HYPH 31627 821 15 streams stream NNS 31627 821 16 , , , 31627 821 17 while while IN 31627 821 18 hot hot JJ 31627 821 19 springs spring NNS 31627 821 20 burst burst VBP 31627 821 21 out out RP 31627 821 22 with with IN 31627 821 23 a a DT 31627 821 24 hissing hissing JJ 31627 821 25 noise noise NN 31627 821 26 on on IN 31627 821 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 821 28 southern southern JJ 31627 821 29 flank flank NN 31627 821 30 , , , 31627 821 31 showing show VBG 31627 821 32 that that IN 31627 821 33 molten molten JJ 31627 821 34 matter matter NN 31627 821 35 lies lie VBZ 31627 821 36 below below RB 31627 821 37 at at IN 31627 821 38 no no DT 31627 821 39 very very RB 31627 821 40 great great JJ 31627 821 41 depth depth NN 31627 821 42 . . . 31627 822 1 This this DT 31627 822 2 island island NN 31627 822 3 probably probably RB 31627 822 4 lies lie VBZ 31627 822 5 along along IN 31627 822 6 the the DT 31627 822 7 dividing divide VBG 31627 822 8 line line NN 31627 822 9 between between IN 31627 822 10 the the DT 31627 822 11 non non JJ 31627 822 12 - - JJ 31627 822 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 822 14 and and CC 31627 822 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 822 16 region region NN 31627 822 17 of of IN 31627 822 18 the the DT 31627 822 19 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 822 20 , , , 31627 822 21 and and CC 31627 822 22 is be VBZ 31627 822 23 consequently consequently RB 31627 822 24 liable liable JJ 31627 822 25 to to IN 31627 822 26 intermittent intermittent JJ 31627 822 27 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 822 28 . . . 31627 823 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 823 2 was be VBD 31627 823 3 at at IN 31627 823 4 a a DT 31627 823 5 short short JJ 31627 823 6 distance distance NN 31627 823 7 from from IN 31627 823 8 this this DT 31627 823 9 island island NN 31627 823 10 that that IN 31627 823 11 the the DT 31627 823 12 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 823 13 submarine submarine NN 31627 823 14 outburst outburst RB 31627 823 15 of of IN 31627 823 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 823 17 forces force NNS 31627 823 18 took take VBD 31627 823 19 place place NN 31627 823 20 on on IN 31627 823 21 October October NNP 31627 823 22 17th 17th NN 31627 823 23 , , , 31627 823 24 1891 1891 CD 31627 823 25 , , , 31627 823 26 for for IN 31627 823 27 an an DT 31627 823 28 account account NN 31627 823 29 of of IN 31627 823 30 which which WDT 31627 823 31 we -PRON- PRP 31627 823 32 are be VBP 31627 823 33 indebted indebted JJ 31627 823 34 to to IN 31627 823 35 Colonel Colonel NNP 31627 823 36 J. J. NNP 31627 823 37 C. C. NNP 31627 824 1 Mackowen Mackowen NNP 31627 824 2 . . . 31627 825 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 825 2 6 6 CD 31627 825 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 825 4 On on IN 31627 825 5 that that DT 31627 825 6 day day NN 31627 825 7 , , , 31627 825 8 after after IN 31627 825 9 a a DT 31627 825 10 succession succession NN 31627 825 11 of of IN 31627 825 12 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 825 13 shocks shock NNS 31627 825 14 , , , 31627 825 15 the the DT 31627 825 16 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 825 17 were be VBD 31627 825 18 startled startle VBN 31627 825 19 by by IN 31627 825 20 observing observe VBG 31627 825 21 a a DT 31627 825 22 column column NN 31627 825 23 of of IN 31627 825 24 " " `` 31627 825 25 smoke smoke NN 31627 825 26 " " '' 31627 825 27 rising rise VBG 31627 825 28 out out IN 31627 825 29 of of IN 31627 825 30 the the DT 31627 825 31 sea sea NN 31627 825 32 at at IN 31627 825 33 a a DT 31627 825 34 distance distance NN 31627 825 35 of of IN 31627 825 36 three three CD 31627 825 37 miles mile NNS 31627 825 38 , , , 31627 825 39 in in IN 31627 825 40 a a DT 31627 825 41 north north NN 31627 825 42 - - HYPH 31627 825 43 westerly westerly JJ 31627 825 44 direction direction NN 31627 825 45 . . . 31627 826 1 The the DT 31627 826 2 Governor Governor NNP 31627 826 3 , , , 31627 826 4 Francesco Francesco NNP 31627 826 5 Valenza Valenza NNP 31627 826 6 , , , 31627 826 7 having have VBG 31627 826 8 manned man VBN 31627 826 9 a a DT 31627 826 10 boat boat NN 31627 826 11 , , , 31627 826 12 rowed row VBD 31627 826 13 out out RP 31627 826 14 towards towards IN 31627 826 15 the the DT 31627 826 16 fiery fiery JJ 31627 826 17 column column NN 31627 826 18 , , , 31627 826 19 and and CC 31627 826 20 on on IN 31627 826 21 arriving arrive VBG 31627 826 22 found find VBD 31627 826 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 826 24 to to TO 31627 826 25 consist consist VB 31627 826 26 of of IN 31627 826 27 black black JJ 31627 826 28 scoriaceous scoriaceous JJ 31627 826 29 bombs bomb NNS 31627 826 30 , , , 31627 826 31 which which WDT 31627 826 32 were be VBD 31627 826 33 being be VBG 31627 826 34 hurled hurl VBN 31627 826 35 into into IN 31627 826 36 the the DT 31627 826 37 air air NN 31627 826 38 to to IN 31627 826 39 a a DT 31627 826 40 height height NN 31627 826 41 of of IN 31627 826 42 nearly nearly RB 31627 826 43 thirty thirty CD 31627 826 44 yards yard NNS 31627 826 45 ; ; : 31627 826 46 some some DT 31627 826 47 of of IN 31627 826 48 them -PRON- PRP 31627 826 49 burst burst VBP 31627 826 50 in in IN 31627 826 51 the the DT 31627 826 52 air air NN 31627 826 53 , , , 31627 826 54 others other NNS 31627 826 55 , , , 31627 826 56 discharging discharge VBG 31627 826 57 steam steam NN 31627 826 58 , , , 31627 826 59 ran run VBD 31627 826 60 hissing hiss VBG 31627 826 61 over over IN 31627 826 62 the the DT 31627 826 63 water water NN 31627 826 64 ; ; : 31627 826 65 many many JJ 31627 826 66 of of IN 31627 826 67 them -PRON- PRP 31627 826 68 were be VBD 31627 826 69 very very RB 31627 826 70 hot hot JJ 31627 826 71 , , , 31627 826 72 some some DT 31627 826 73 even even RB 31627 826 74 red red JJ 31627 826 75 - - HYPH 31627 826 76 hot hot JJ 31627 826 77 . . . 31627 827 1 One one CD 31627 827 2 of of IN 31627 827 3 these these DT 31627 827 4 bombs bomb NNS 31627 827 5 , , , 31627 827 6 measuring measure VBG 31627 827 7 two two CD 31627 827 8 feet foot NNS 31627 827 9 in in IN 31627 827 10 diameter diameter NN 31627 827 11 , , , 31627 827 12 was be VBD 31627 827 13 captured capture VBN 31627 827 14 and and CC 31627 827 15 brought bring VBN 31627 827 16 to to IN 31627 827 17 shore shore NN 31627 827 18 . . . 31627 828 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 828 2 was be VBD 31627 828 3 observed observe VBN 31627 828 4 that that IN 31627 828 5 after after IN 31627 828 6 the the DT 31627 828 7 eruption eruption NN 31627 828 8 the the DT 31627 828 9 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 828 10 shocks shock NNS 31627 828 11 ceased cease VBD 31627 828 12 . . . 31627 829 1 A a DT 31627 829 2 vast vast JJ 31627 829 3 amount amount NN 31627 829 4 of of IN 31627 829 5 material material NN 31627 829 6 was be VBD 31627 829 7 cast cast VBN 31627 829 8 out out IN 31627 829 9 of of IN 31627 829 10 the the DT 31627 829 11 submarine submarine NN 31627 829 12 crater crater NN 31627 829 13 , , , 31627 829 14 forming form VBG 31627 829 15 an an DT 31627 829 16 island island NN 31627 829 17 500 500 CD 31627 829 18 yards yard NNS 31627 829 19 in in IN 31627 829 20 length length NN 31627 829 21 and and CC 31627 829 22 rising rise VBG 31627 829 23 up up IN 31627 829 24 to to TO 31627 829 25 nine nine CD 31627 829 26 feet foot NNS 31627 829 27 above above IN 31627 829 28 the the DT 31627 829 29 surface surface NN 31627 829 30 , , , 31627 829 31 but but CC 31627 829 32 after after IN 31627 829 33 a a DT 31627 829 34 few few JJ 31627 829 35 days day NNS 31627 829 36 it -PRON- PRP 31627 829 37 was be VBD 31627 829 38 broken break VBN 31627 829 39 up up RP 31627 829 40 and and CC 31627 829 41 dispersed disperse VBN 31627 829 42 over over IN 31627 829 43 the the DT 31627 829 44 sea sea NN 31627 829 45 - - HYPH 31627 829 46 bed bed NN 31627 829 47 by by IN 31627 829 48 the the DT 31627 829 49 action action NN 31627 829 50 of of IN 31627 829 51 the the DT 31627 829 52 waves wave NNS 31627 829 53 . . . 31627 830 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 830 2 1 1 CD 31627 830 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 830 4 _ _ NNP 31627 830 5 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNP 31627 830 6 _ _ NNP 31627 830 7 , , , 31627 830 8 p. p. NN 31627 830 9 262 262 CD 31627 830 10 . . . 31627 831 1 These these DT 31627 831 2 islands island NNS 31627 831 3 are be VBP 31627 831 4 described describe VBN 31627 831 5 by by IN 31627 831 6 Hoffmann Hoffmann NNP 31627 831 7 , , , 31627 831 8 _ _ NNP 31627 831 9 Poggendorf Poggendorf NNP 31627 831 10 Annal Annal NNP 31627 831 11 . . . 31627 831 12 _ _ NNP 31627 831 13 , , , 31627 831 14 vol vol NNP 31627 831 15 . . . 31627 832 1 xxvi xxvi NNP 31627 832 2 . . . 31627 833 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 833 2 1832 1832 CD 31627 833 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 833 4 ; ; : 31627 833 5 also also RB 31627 833 6 by by IN 31627 833 7 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 833 8 , , , 31627 833 9 _ _ NNP 31627 833 10 Principles Principles NNPS 31627 833 11 of of IN 31627 833 12 Geology Geology NNP 31627 833 13 _ _ NNP 31627 833 14 , , , 31627 833 15 vol vol NNP 31627 833 16 . . . 31627 834 1 ii ii NNP 31627 834 2 . . NNP 31627 834 3 , , , 31627 834 4 and and CC 31627 834 5 by by IN 31627 834 6 Judd Judd NNP 31627 834 7 , , , 31627 834 8 who who WP 31627 834 9 personally personally RB 31627 834 10 visited visit VBD 31627 834 11 them -PRON- PRP 31627 834 12 , , , 31627 834 13 and and CC 31627 834 14 gives give VBZ 31627 834 15 a a DT 31627 834 16 very very RB 31627 834 17 vivid vivid JJ 31627 834 18 account account NN 31627 834 19 of of IN 31627 834 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 834 21 appearance appearance NN 31627 834 22 and and CC 31627 834 23 structure structure NN 31627 834 24 . . . 31627 835 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 835 2 2 2 LS 31627 835 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 835 4 Strabo Strabo NNP 31627 835 5 , , , 31627 835 6 lib lib NNP 31627 835 7 . . . 31627 836 1 vi vi NNP 31627 836 2 . . . 31627 837 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 837 2 3 3 LS 31627 837 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 837 4 Judd Judd NNP 31627 837 5 , , , 31627 837 6 _ _ NNP 31627 837 7 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNP 31627 837 8 _ _ NNP 31627 837 9 , , , 31627 837 10 p. p. NN 31627 837 11 8 8 CD 31627 837 12 . . . 31627 838 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 838 2 4 4 LS 31627 838 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 838 4 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 838 5 has have VBZ 31627 838 6 also also RB 31627 838 7 been be VBN 31627 838 8 described describe VBN 31627 838 9 by by IN 31627 838 10 Spallanzani Spallanzani NNP 31627 838 11 , , , 31627 838 12 Hoffmann Hoffmann NNP 31627 838 13 , , , 31627 838 14 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 838 15 , , , 31627 838 16 and and CC 31627 838 17 others other NNS 31627 838 18 . . . 31627 839 1 The the DT 31627 839 2 account account NN 31627 839 3 of of IN 31627 839 4 Judd Judd NNP 31627 839 5 is be VBZ 31627 839 6 the the DT 31627 839 7 most most RBS 31627 839 8 recent recent JJ 31627 839 9 . . . 31627 840 1 Of of IN 31627 840 2 this this DT 31627 840 3 island island NN 31627 840 4 Strabo Strabo NNP 31627 840 5 says say VBZ 31627 840 6 , , , 31627 840 7 " " `` 31627 840 8 Strongyle strongyle VB 31627 840 9 a a DT 31627 840 10 rotundate rotundate NN 31627 840 11 figuræ figuræ NNP 31627 840 12 sic sic NNP 31627 840 13 dicta dicta NNP 31627 840 14 , , , 31627 840 15 ignita ignita NNP 31627 840 16 ipsa ipsa NNP 31627 840 17 quoque quoque NNP 31627 840 18 , , , 31627 840 19 violentia violentia NNP 31627 840 20 flammarum flammarum NNP 31627 840 21 minor minor NNP 31627 840 22 , , , 31627 840 23 fulgore fulgore VB 31627 840 24 excellens excellen NNS 31627 840 25 ; ; : 31627 840 26 ibi ibi NNP 31627 840 27 habitasse habitasse NNP 31627 840 28 Æcolum Æcolum NNP 31627 840 29 ajunt ajunt NN 31627 840 30 . . . 31627 840 31 "--Lib "--lib ADD 31627 840 32 . . . 31627 841 1 vi vi NNP 31627 841 2 . . . 31627 842 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 842 2 5 5 CD 31627 842 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 842 4 _ _ NNP 31627 842 5 Poggend Poggend NNP 31627 842 6 . . . 31627 843 1 Annal Annal NNP 31627 843 2 . . . 31627 843 3 _ _ NNP 31627 843 4 , , , 31627 843 5 vol vol NNP 31627 843 6 . . . 31627 844 1 xxvi xxvi NNP 31627 844 2 . . NNP 31627 844 3 , , , 31627 844 4 quoted quote VBN 31627 844 5 by by IN 31627 844 6 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 844 7 . . . 31627 845 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 845 2 6 6 CD 31627 845 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 845 4 Communicated communicate VBN 31627 845 5 by by IN 31627 845 6 Captain Captain NNP 31627 845 7 Petrie Petrie NNP 31627 845 8 to to IN 31627 845 9 the the DT 31627 845 10 Victoria Victoria NNP 31627 845 11 Institute Institute NNP 31627 845 12 , , , 31627 845 13 1st 1st NNP 31627 845 14 February February NNP 31627 845 15 1892 1892 CD 31627 845 16 . . . 31627 846 1 See see VB 31627 846 2 also also RB 31627 846 3 a a DT 31627 846 4 detailed detailed JJ 31627 846 5 and and CC 31627 846 6 illustrated illustrated JJ 31627 846 7 account account NN 31627 846 8 of of IN 31627 846 9 the the DT 31627 846 10 eruption eruption NN 31627 846 11 communicated communicate VBN 31627 846 12 by by IN 31627 846 13 A. A. NNP 31627 846 14 Ricco Ricco NNP 31627 846 15 to to IN 31627 846 16 the the DT 31627 846 17 _ _ NNP 31627 846 18 Annali Annali NNP 31627 846 19 dell dell NNP 31627 846 20 ' ' `` 31627 846 21 Ufficio Ufficio NNP 31627 846 22 centrale centrale NN 31627 846 23 Meteorologico Meteorologico NNP 31627 846 24 e e NNP 31627 846 25 Geodonamico Geodonamico NNP 31627 846 26 _ _ NNP 31627 846 27 , , , 31627 846 28 Ser Ser NNP 31627 846 29 . . . 31627 847 1 ii ii NNP 31627 847 2 . . NNP 31627 847 3 , , , 31627 847 4 Parte Parte NNP 31627 847 5 3 3 CD 31627 847 6 , , , 31627 847 7 vol vol NNP 31627 847 8 . . . 31627 848 1 xi xi NNP 31627 848 2 . . . 31627 849 1 Summarised summarise VBN 31627 849 2 by by IN 31627 849 3 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 849 4 Butler Butler NNP 31627 849 5 in in IN 31627 849 6 _ _ NNP 31627 849 7 Nature Nature NNP 31627 849 8 _ _ NNP 31627 849 9 , , , 31627 849 10 April April NNP 31627 849 11 21 21 CD 31627 849 12 , , , 31627 849 13 1892 1892 CD 31627 849 14 . . . 31627 850 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 850 2 IV IV NNP 31627 850 3 . . . 31627 851 1 THE the DT 31627 851 2 SANTORIN SANTORIN NNP 31627 851 3 GROUP GROUP NNP 31627 851 4 . . . 31627 852 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 852 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 852 3 : : : 31627 852 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 852 5 . . . 31627 853 1 13.--Ideal 13.--ideal CD 31627 853 2 Section section NN 31627 853 3 through through IN 31627 853 4 the the DT 31627 853 5 Gulf Gulf NNP 31627 853 6 of of IN 31627 853 7 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 853 8 , , , 31627 853 9 to to TO 31627 853 10 show show VB 31627 853 11 the the DT 31627 853 12 structure structure NN 31627 853 13 of of IN 31627 853 14 the the DT 31627 853 15 submerged submerged JJ 31627 853 16 volcano.--_a volcano.--_a NN 31627 853 17 . . . 31627 853 18 _ _ NNP 31627 853 19 Island Island NNP 31627 853 20 of of IN 31627 853 21 Aspronisi Aspronisi NNP 31627 853 22 ; ; : 31627 853 23 _ _ NNP 31627 853 24 b. b. NN 31627 853 25 _ _ NNP 31627 853 26 Island Island NNP 31627 853 27 of of IN 31627 853 28 Thera Thera NNP 31627 853 29 ; ; : 31627 853 30 1 1 CD 31627 853 31 . . . 31627 854 1 Old old JJ 31627 854 2 Kaimeni Kaimeni NNP 31627 854 3 Island Island NNP 31627 854 4 ; ; : 31627 854 5 2 2 CD 31627 854 6 . . . 31627 855 1 New New NNP 31627 855 2 Kaimeni Kaimeni NNP 31627 855 3 Island Island NNP 31627 855 4 ; ; : 31627 855 5 3 3 CD 31627 855 6 . . . 31627 856 1 Little little JJ 31627 856 2 Kaimeni Kaimeni NNP 31627 856 3 Island Island NNP 31627 856 4 . . . 31627 856 5 ] ] -RRB- 31627 857 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 857 2 _ _ NNP 31627 857 3 a. a. NN 31627 857 4 _ _ NNP 31627 857 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 857 6 Before before IN 31627 857 7 leaving leave VBG 31627 857 8 the the DT 31627 857 9 subject subject NN 31627 857 10 of of IN 31627 857 11 European european JJ 31627 857 12 active active JJ 31627 857 13 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 857 14 , , , 31627 857 15 it -PRON- PRP 31627 857 16 is be VBZ 31627 857 17 necessary necessary JJ 31627 857 18 to to TO 31627 857 19 give give VB 31627 857 20 some some DT 31627 857 21 account account NN 31627 857 22 of of IN 31627 857 23 the the DT 31627 857 24 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 857 25 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 857 26 island island NN 31627 857 27 of of IN 31627 857 28 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 857 29 , , , 31627 857 30 in in IN 31627 857 31 the the DT 31627 857 32 Grecian grecian JJ 31627 857 33 archipelago archipelago NN 31627 857 34 . . . 31627 858 1 This this DT 31627 858 2 island island NN 31627 858 3 for for IN 31627 858 4 2000 2000 CD 31627 858 5 years year NNS 31627 858 6 has have VBZ 31627 858 7 been be VBN 31627 858 8 the the DT 31627 858 9 scene scene NN 31627 858 10 of of IN 31627 858 11 active active JJ 31627 858 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 858 13 operations operation NNS 31627 858 14 , , , 31627 858 15 and and CC 31627 858 16 in in IN 31627 858 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 858 18 outline outline NN 31627 858 19 and and CC 31627 858 20 configuration configuration NN 31627 858 21 , , , 31627 858 22 both both CC 31627 858 23 below below IN 31627 858 24 and and CC 31627 858 25 above above IN 31627 858 26 the the DT 31627 858 27 surface surface NN 31627 858 28 of of IN 31627 858 29 the the DT 31627 858 30 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 858 31 , , , 31627 858 32 presents present VBZ 31627 858 33 the the DT 31627 858 34 aspect aspect NN 31627 858 35 of of IN 31627 858 36 a a DT 31627 858 37 partially partially RB 31627 858 38 submerged submerge VBN 31627 858 39 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 858 40 mountain mountain NN 31627 858 41 . . . 31627 859 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 859 2 See see VB 31627 859 3 Section section NN 31627 859 4 , , , 31627 859 5 Fig Fig NNP 31627 859 6 . . . 31627 860 1 13 13 CD 31627 860 2 . . . 31627 860 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 861 1 If if IN 31627 861 2 , , , 31627 861 3 for for IN 31627 861 4 example example NN 31627 861 5 , , , 31627 861 6 we -PRON- PRP 31627 861 7 can can MD 31627 861 8 imagine imagine VB 31627 861 9 the the DT 31627 861 10 waters water NNS 31627 861 11 of of IN 31627 861 12 the the DT 31627 861 13 sea sea NN 31627 861 14 to to TO 31627 861 15 rise rise VB 31627 861 16 around around IN 31627 861 17 the the DT 31627 861 18 flanks flank NNS 31627 861 19 of of IN 31627 861 20 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 861 21 until until IN 31627 861 22 they -PRON- PRP 31627 861 23 have have VBP 31627 861 24 entered enter VBN 31627 861 25 and and CC 31627 861 26 overflowed overflowed JJ 31627 861 27 to to IN 31627 861 28 some some DT 31627 861 29 depth depth NN 31627 861 30 the the DT 31627 861 31 interior interior JJ 31627 861 32 caldron caldron NN 31627 861 33 of of IN 31627 861 34 Somma Somma NNP 31627 861 35 , , , 31627 861 36 thus thus RB 31627 861 37 converting convert VBG 31627 861 38 the the DT 31627 861 39 old old JJ 31627 861 40 crater crater NN 31627 861 41 into into IN 31627 861 42 a a DT 31627 861 43 crescent crescent RB 31627 861 44 - - HYPH 31627 861 45 shaped shape VBN 31627 861 46 island island NN 31627 861 47 , , , 31627 861 48 and and CC 31627 861 49 the the DT 31627 861 50 cone cone NN 31627 861 51 of of IN 31627 861 52 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 861 53 into into IN 31627 861 54 an an DT 31627 861 55 island island NN 31627 861 56 -- -- : 31627 861 57 or or CC 31627 861 58 group group NN 31627 861 59 of of IN 31627 861 60 islands island NNS 31627 861 61 -- -- : 31627 861 62 within within IN 31627 861 63 the the DT 31627 861 64 caldron caldron NN 31627 861 65 , , , 31627 861 66 then then RB 31627 861 67 we -PRON- PRP 31627 861 68 shall shall MD 31627 861 69 form form VB 31627 861 70 some some DT 31627 861 71 idea idea NN 31627 861 72 of of IN 31627 861 73 the the DT 31627 861 74 appearance appearance NN 31627 861 75 and and CC 31627 861 76 structure structure NN 31627 861 77 of of IN 31627 861 78 the the DT 31627 861 79 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 861 80 group group NN 31627 861 81 . . . 31627 862 1 _ _ NNP 31627 862 2 Form Form NNP 31627 862 3 of of IN 31627 862 4 the the DT 31627 862 5 Group._--The group._--the CD 31627 862 6 principal principal JJ 31627 862 7 island island NN 31627 862 8 , , , 31627 862 9 Thera Thera NNP 31627 862 10 , , , 31627 862 11 has have VBZ 31627 862 12 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 862 13 the the DT 31627 862 14 shape shape NN 31627 862 15 of of IN 31627 862 16 a a DT 31627 862 17 crescent crescent NN 31627 862 18 , , , 31627 862 19 breaking break VBG 31627 862 20 off off RP 31627 862 21 in in IN 31627 862 22 a a DT 31627 862 23 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 862 24 cliff cliff NN 31627 862 25 on on IN 31627 862 26 the the DT 31627 862 27 inner inner JJ 31627 862 28 side side NN 31627 862 29 , , , 31627 862 30 but but CC 31627 862 31 on on IN 31627 862 32 the the DT 31627 862 33 outer outer JJ 31627 862 34 side side NN 31627 862 35 sloping sloping NN 31627 862 36 at at IN 31627 862 37 an an DT 31627 862 38 angle angle NN 31627 862 39 of of IN 31627 862 40 about about RB 31627 862 41 fifteen fifteen CD 31627 862 42 degrees degree NNS 31627 862 43 into into IN 31627 862 44 deep deep JJ 31627 862 45 water water NN 31627 862 46 . . . 31627 863 1 Continuing continue VBG 31627 863 2 the the DT 31627 863 3 curvature curvature NN 31627 863 4 of of IN 31627 863 5 the the DT 31627 863 6 crescent crescent NN 31627 863 7 , , , 31627 863 8 but but CC 31627 863 9 separated separate VBN 31627 863 10 by by IN 31627 863 11 a a DT 31627 863 12 channel channel NN 31627 863 13 , , , 31627 863 14 is be VBZ 31627 863 15 the the DT 31627 863 16 island island NN 31627 863 17 of of IN 31627 863 18 Therasia Therasia NNP 31627 863 19 ; ; : 31627 863 20 and and CC 31627 863 21 between between IN 31627 863 22 this this DT 31627 863 23 and and CC 31627 863 24 the the DT 31627 863 25 southern southern JJ 31627 863 26 promontory promontory NN 31627 863 27 of of IN 31627 863 28 Thera Thera NNP 31627 863 29 is be VBZ 31627 863 30 another another DT 31627 863 31 island island NN 31627 863 32 called call VBN 31627 863 33 Aspronisi Aspronisi NNP 31627 863 34 . . . 31627 864 1 All all PDT 31627 864 2 these these DT 31627 864 3 islands island NNS 31627 864 4 , , , 31627 864 5 if if IN 31627 864 6 united united NNP 31627 864 7 , , , 31627 864 8 would would MD 31627 864 9 form form VB 31627 864 10 the the DT 31627 864 11 rim rim NN 31627 864 12 of of IN 31627 864 13 a a DT 31627 864 14 crater crater NN 31627 864 15 , , , 31627 864 16 in in IN 31627 864 17 which which WDT 31627 864 18 the the DT 31627 864 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 864 20 matter matter NN 31627 864 21 slopes slope VBZ 31627 864 22 outward outward RB 31627 864 23 into into IN 31627 864 24 deep deep JJ 31627 864 25 water water NN 31627 864 26 , , , 31627 864 27 descending descend VBG 31627 864 28 at at IN 31627 864 29 a a DT 31627 864 30 short short JJ 31627 864 31 distance distance NN 31627 864 32 to to IN 31627 864 33 a a DT 31627 864 34 depth depth NN 31627 864 35 of of IN 31627 864 36 200 200 CD 31627 864 37 fathoms fathom NNS 31627 864 38 and and CC 31627 864 39 upwards upward NNS 31627 864 40 . . . 31627 865 1 In in IN 31627 865 2 the the DT 31627 865 3 centre centre NN 31627 865 4 of of IN 31627 865 5 the the DT 31627 865 6 gulf gulf NNP 31627 865 7 thus thus RB 31627 865 8 formed form VBD 31627 865 9 rise rise VBP 31627 865 10 three three CD 31627 865 11 islands island NNS 31627 865 12 , , , 31627 865 13 called call VBN 31627 865 14 the the DT 31627 865 15 Old Old NNP 31627 865 16 , , , 31627 865 17 New New NNP 31627 865 18 , , , 31627 865 19 and and CC 31627 865 20 Little Little NNP 31627 865 21 Kaimenis Kaimenis NNP 31627 865 22 . . . 31627 866 1 These these DT 31627 866 2 may may MD 31627 866 3 be be VB 31627 866 4 regarded regard VBN 31627 866 5 as as IN 31627 866 6 cones cone NNS 31627 866 7 of of IN 31627 866 8 eruption eruption NN 31627 866 9 , , , 31627 866 10 which which WDT 31627 866 11 history history NN 31627 866 12 records record NNS 31627 866 13 as as IN 31627 866 14 having have VBG 31627 866 15 been be VBN 31627 866 16 thrown throw VBN 31627 866 17 up up RP 31627 866 18 at at IN 31627 866 19 successive successive JJ 31627 866 20 intervals interval NNS 31627 866 21 . . . 31627 867 1 According accord VBG 31627 867 2 to to IN 31627 867 3 Pliny Pliny NNP 31627 867 4 , , , 31627 867 5 the the DT 31627 867 6 year year NN 31627 867 7 186 186 CD 31627 867 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 31627 868 1 gave give VBD 31627 868 2 birth birth NN 31627 868 3 to to IN 31627 868 4 Old Old NNP 31627 868 5 Kaimeni Kaimeni NNP 31627 868 6 , , , 31627 868 7 also also RB 31627 868 8 called call VBN 31627 868 9 Hiera Hiera NNP 31627 868 10 , , , 31627 868 11 or or CC 31627 868 12 the the DT 31627 868 13 Sacred Sacred NNP 31627 868 14 Isle Isle NNP 31627 868 15 ; ; : 31627 868 16 and and CC 31627 868 17 in in IN 31627 868 18 the the DT 31627 868 19 first first JJ 31627 868 20 year year NN 31627 868 21 of of IN 31627 868 22 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 868 23 era era NN 31627 868 24 Thera Thera NNP 31627 868 25 ( ( -LRB- 31627 868 26 the the DT 31627 868 27 Divine Divine NNP 31627 868 28 ) ) -RRB- 31627 868 29 made make VBD 31627 868 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 868 31 appearance appearance NN 31627 868 32 above above IN 31627 868 33 the the DT 31627 868 34 water water NN 31627 868 35 , , , 31627 868 36 and and CC 31627 868 37 was be VBD 31627 868 38 soon soon RB 31627 868 39 joined join VBN 31627 868 40 to to IN 31627 868 41 the the DT 31627 868 42 older old JJR 31627 868 43 island island NN 31627 868 44 by by IN 31627 868 45 subsequent subsequent JJ 31627 868 46 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 868 47 . . . 31627 869 1 Old old JJ 31627 869 2 Kaimeni Kaimeni NNP 31627 869 3 also also RB 31627 869 4 increased increase VBD 31627 869 5 in in IN 31627 869 6 size size NN 31627 869 7 by by IN 31627 869 8 the the DT 31627 869 9 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 869 10 of of IN 31627 869 11 726 726 CD 31627 869 12 and and CC 31627 869 13 1427 1427 CD 31627 869 14 . . . 31627 870 1 A a DT 31627 870 2 century century NN 31627 870 3 and and CC 31627 870 4 a a DT 31627 870 5 half half NN 31627 870 6 later later RB 31627 870 7 , , , 31627 870 8 in in IN 31627 870 9 1573 1573 CD 31627 870 10 , , , 31627 870 11 another another DT 31627 870 12 eruption eruption NN 31627 870 13 produced produce VBD 31627 870 14 the the DT 31627 870 15 cone cone NN 31627 870 16 and and CC 31627 870 17 crater crater NN 31627 870 18 called call VBN 31627 870 19 Micra Micra NNP 31627 870 20 - - HYPH 31627 870 21 Kaimeni Kaimeni NNP 31627 870 22 . . . 31627 871 1 Thus thus RB 31627 871 2 were be VBD 31627 871 3 formed form VBN 31627 871 4 , , , 31627 871 5 or or CC 31627 871 6 rather rather RB 31627 871 7 were be VBD 31627 871 8 rendered render VBN 31627 871 9 visible visible JJ 31627 871 10 above above IN 31627 871 11 the the DT 31627 871 12 water water NN 31627 871 13 , , , 31627 871 14 the the DT 31627 871 15 central central JJ 31627 871 16 craters crater NNS 31627 871 17 of of IN 31627 871 18 eruption eruption NN 31627 871 19 ; ; , 31627 871 20 and and CC 31627 871 21 between between IN 31627 871 22 these these DT 31627 871 23 and and CC 31627 871 24 the the DT 31627 871 25 inner inner JJ 31627 871 26 cliff cliff NN 31627 871 27 of of IN 31627 871 28 Thera Thera NNP 31627 871 29 and and CC 31627 871 30 Therasia Therasia NNP 31627 871 31 is be VBZ 31627 871 32 a a DT 31627 871 33 ring ring NN 31627 871 34 of of IN 31627 871 35 deep deep JJ 31627 871 36 water water NN 31627 871 37 , , , 31627 871 38 descending descend VBG 31627 871 39 to to IN 31627 871 40 a a DT 31627 871 41 depth depth NN 31627 871 42 of of IN 31627 871 43 over over IN 31627 871 44 200 200 CD 31627 871 45 fathoms fathom NNS 31627 871 46 . . . 31627 872 1 So so RB 31627 872 2 that that IN 31627 872 3 , , , 31627 872 4 were be VBD 31627 872 5 these these DT 31627 872 6 islands island NNS 31627 872 7 raised raise VBN 31627 872 8 out out IN 31627 872 9 of of IN 31627 872 10 the the DT 31627 872 11 sea sea NN 31627 872 12 , , , 31627 872 13 we -PRON- PRP 31627 872 14 should should MD 31627 872 15 have have VB 31627 872 16 presented present VBN 31627 872 17 to to IN 31627 872 18 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 872 19 view view NN 31627 872 20 a a DT 31627 872 21 magnificent magnificent JJ 31627 872 22 circular circular JJ 31627 872 23 crater crater NN 31627 872 24 about about RB 31627 872 25 six six CD 31627 872 26 miles mile NNS 31627 872 27 in in IN 31627 872 28 diameter diameter NN 31627 872 29 , , , 31627 872 30 bounded bound VBN 31627 872 31 by by IN 31627 872 32 nearly nearly RB 31627 872 33 vertical vertical JJ 31627 872 34 walls wall NNS 31627 872 35 of of IN 31627 872 36 rock rock NN 31627 872 37 from from IN 31627 872 38 1000 1000 CD 31627 872 39 to to IN 31627 872 40 1500 1500 CD 31627 872 41 feet foot NNS 31627 872 42 in in IN 31627 872 43 height height NN 31627 872 44 , , , 31627 872 45 and and CC 31627 872 46 ruptured rupture VBD 31627 872 47 at at IN 31627 872 48 one one CD 31627 872 49 point point NN 31627 872 50 , , , 31627 872 51 from from IN 31627 872 52 the the DT 31627 872 53 centre centre NN 31627 872 54 of of IN 31627 872 55 which which WDT 31627 872 56 would would MD 31627 872 57 rise rise VB 31627 872 58 two two CD 31627 872 59 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 872 60 cones cone NNS 31627 872 61 -- -- : 31627 872 62 namely namely RB 31627 872 63 , , , 31627 872 64 the the DT 31627 872 65 Kaimenis Kaimenis NNP 31627 872 66 -- -- : 31627 872 67 one one CD 31627 872 68 with with IN 31627 872 69 a a DT 31627 872 70 double double JJ 31627 872 71 crater crater NN 31627 872 72 , , , 31627 872 73 still still RB 31627 872 74 foci foci NN 31627 872 75 of of IN 31627 872 76 eruption eruption NN 31627 872 77 , , , 31627 872 78 and and CC 31627 872 79 from from IN 31627 872 80 time time NN 31627 872 81 to to IN 31627 872 82 time time NN 31627 872 83 bursting burst VBG 31627 872 84 forth forth RB 31627 872 85 in in IN 31627 872 86 paroxysms paroxysm NNS 31627 872 87 of of IN 31627 872 88 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 872 89 energy energy NN 31627 872 90 , , , 31627 872 91 of of IN 31627 872 92 which which WDT 31627 872 93 those those DT 31627 872 94 of of IN 31627 872 95 1650 1650 CD 31627 872 96 , , , 31627 872 97 1707 1707 CD 31627 872 98 , , , 31627 872 99 and and CC 31627 872 100 1866 1866 CD 31627 872 101 were be VBD 31627 872 102 the the DT 31627 872 103 most most RBS 31627 872 104 violent violent JJ 31627 872 105 and and CC 31627 872 106 destructive destructive JJ 31627 872 107 . . . 31627 873 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 873 2 1 1 LS 31627 873 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 873 4 Of of IN 31627 873 5 this this DT 31627 873 6 last last JJ 31627 873 7 I -PRON- PRP 31627 873 8 give give VBP 31627 873 9 a a DT 31627 873 10 bird's bird's NN 31627 873 11 - - HYPH 31627 873 12 eye eye NN 31627 873 13 view view NN 31627 873 14 ( ( -LRB- 31627 873 15 Fig fig NN 31627 873 16 . . . 31627 874 1 14 14 CD 31627 874 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 874 3 . . . 31627 875 1 The the DT 31627 875 2 only only JJ 31627 875 3 rock rock NN 31627 875 4 of of IN 31627 875 5 non non JJ 31627 875 6 - - JJ 31627 875 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 875 8 origin origin NN 31627 875 9 in in IN 31627 875 10 these these DT 31627 875 11 islands island NNS 31627 875 12 consists consist VBZ 31627 875 13 of of IN 31627 875 14 granular granular JJ 31627 875 15 limestone limestone NN 31627 875 16 and and CC 31627 875 17 clay clay NN 31627 875 18 slate slate NN 31627 875 19 forming form VBG 31627 875 20 the the DT 31627 875 21 ridge ridge NN 31627 875 22 of of IN 31627 875 23 Mount Mount NNP 31627 875 24 St. St. NNP 31627 875 25 Elias Elias NNP 31627 875 26 , , , 31627 875 27 which which WDT 31627 875 28 rises rise VBZ 31627 875 29 to to IN 31627 875 30 a a DT 31627 875 31 height height NN 31627 875 32 of of IN 31627 875 33 1887 1887 CD 31627 875 34 feet foot NNS 31627 875 35 at at IN 31627 875 36 the the DT 31627 875 37 south south JJ 31627 875 38 - - HYPH 31627 875 39 eastern eastern JJ 31627 875 40 side side NN 31627 875 41 of of IN 31627 875 42 the the DT 31627 875 43 island island NN 31627 875 44 of of IN 31627 875 45 Thera Thera NNP 31627 875 46 , , , 31627 875 47 crossing cross VBG 31627 875 48 the the DT 31627 875 49 island island NN 31627 875 50 from from IN 31627 875 51 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 875 52 outer outer JJ 31627 875 53 margin margin NN 31627 875 54 nearly nearly RB 31627 875 55 to to IN 31627 875 56 the the DT 31627 875 57 interior interior JJ 31627 875 58 cliff cliff NN 31627 875 59 , , , 31627 875 60 so so IN 31627 875 61 that that IN 31627 875 62 the the DT 31627 875 63 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 875 64 materials material NNS 31627 875 65 have have VBP 31627 875 66 been be VBN 31627 875 67 piled pile VBN 31627 875 68 up up RP 31627 875 69 along along IN 31627 875 70 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 875 71 sides side NNS 31627 875 72 . . . 31627 876 1 The the DT 31627 876 2 rocks rock NNS 31627 876 3 of of IN 31627 876 4 St. St. NNP 31627 876 5 Elias Elias NNPS 31627 876 6 are be VBP 31627 876 7 much much RB 31627 876 8 more more RBR 31627 876 9 ancient ancient JJ 31627 876 10 than than IN 31627 876 11 any any DT 31627 876 12 of of IN 31627 876 13 the the DT 31627 876 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 876 15 materials material NNS 31627 876 16 around around RB 31627 876 17 ; ; : 31627 876 18 and and CC 31627 876 19 , , , 31627 876 20 as as IN 31627 876 21 Bory Bory NNP 31627 876 22 St. St. NNP 31627 876 23 Vincent Vincent NNP 31627 876 24 has have VBZ 31627 876 25 shown show VBN 31627 876 26 , , , 31627 876 27 have have VBP 31627 876 28 been be VBN 31627 876 29 subjected subject VBN 31627 876 30 to to IN 31627 876 31 the the DT 31627 876 32 same same JJ 31627 876 33 flexures flexure NNS 31627 876 34 , , , 31627 876 35 dip dip NN 31627 876 36 and and CC 31627 876 37 strike strike VB 31627 876 38 , , , 31627 876 39 as as IN 31627 876 40 those those DT 31627 876 41 sedimentary sedimentary JJ 31627 876 42 rocks rock NNS 31627 876 43 which which WDT 31627 876 44 go go VBP 31627 876 45 to to TO 31627 876 46 form form VB 31627 876 47 the the DT 31627 876 48 non non JJ 31627 876 49 - - JJ 31627 876 50 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 876 51 islands island NNS 31627 876 52 of of IN 31627 876 53 the the DT 31627 876 54 Grecian grecian JJ 31627 876 55 archipelago archipelago NN 31627 876 56 . . . 31627 877 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 877 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 877 3 : : : 31627 877 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 877 5 . . . 31627 878 1 14.--Bird's 14.--bird's LS 31627 878 2 - - HYPH 31627 878 3 eye eye NN 31627 878 4 View View NNP 31627 878 5 of of IN 31627 878 6 the the DT 31627 878 7 Gulf Gulf NNP 31627 878 8 of of IN 31627 878 9 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 878 10 during during IN 31627 878 11 the the DT 31627 878 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 878 13 eruption eruption NN 31627 878 14 of of IN 31627 878 15 February February NNP 31627 878 16 1866.--(After 1866.--(after CD 31627 878 17 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 878 18 . . . 31627 878 19 ) ) -RRB- 31627 878 20 ] ] -RRB- 31627 879 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 879 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 879 3 : : : 31627 879 4 _ _ NNP 31627 879 5 Ground Ground NNP 31627 879 6 Plan Plan NNP 31627 879 7 of of IN 31627 879 8 Rocca Rocca NNP 31627 879 9 Monfina Monfina NNP 31627 879 10 _ _ NNP 31627 879 11 Fig Fig NNP 31627 879 12 . . . 31627 880 1 15.--Rocca 15.--rocca CD 31627 880 2 Monfina Monfina NNP 31627 880 3 , , , 31627 880 4 in in IN 31627 880 5 Southern Southern NNP 31627 880 6 Italy Italy NNP 31627 880 7 , , , 31627 880 8 showing show VBG 31627 880 9 a a DT 31627 880 10 crater crater NN 31627 880 11 - - HYPH 31627 880 12 ring ring NN 31627 880 13 of of IN 31627 880 14 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 880 15 tuffs tuff NNS 31627 880 16 , , , 31627 880 17 from from IN 31627 880 18 the the DT 31627 880 19 midst midst NN 31627 880 20 of of IN 31627 880 21 which which WDT 31627 880 22 , , , 31627 880 23 according accord VBG 31627 880 24 to to IN 31627 880 25 Judd Judd NNP 31627 880 26 , , , 31627 880 27 an an DT 31627 880 28 andesite andesite JJ 31627 880 29 lava lava NN 31627 880 30 - - HYPH 31627 880 31 cone cone NN 31627 880 32 has have VBZ 31627 880 33 been be VBN 31627 880 34 built build VBN 31627 880 35 up up RP 31627 880 36 . . . 31627 881 1 Compare compare VB 31627 881 2 with with IN 31627 881 3 the the DT 31627 881 4 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 881 5 Group Group NNP 31627 881 6 . . . 31627 881 7 ] ] -RRB- 31627 882 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 882 2 _ _ NNP 31627 882 3 b. b. NNP 31627 882 4 _ _ NNP 31627 882 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 882 6 _ _ NNP 31627 882 7 Origin Origin NNP 31627 882 8 of of IN 31627 882 9 the the DT 31627 882 10 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 882 11 Group._--In group._--in JJ 31627 882 12 reference reference NN 31627 882 13 to to IN 31627 882 14 the the DT 31627 882 15 origin origin NN 31627 882 16 of of IN 31627 882 17 the the DT 31627 882 18 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 882 19 group group NN 31627 882 20 , , , 31627 882 21 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 882 22 regards regard VBZ 31627 882 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 882 24 as as IN 31627 882 25 a a DT 31627 882 26 remnant remnant NN 31627 882 27 of of IN 31627 882 28 a a DT 31627 882 29 great great JJ 31627 882 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 882 31 mountain mountain NN 31627 882 32 which which WDT 31627 882 33 possessed possess VBD 31627 882 34 a a DT 31627 882 35 focus focus NN 31627 882 36 of of IN 31627 882 37 eruption eruption NN 31627 882 38 rising rise VBG 31627 882 39 in in IN 31627 882 40 the the DT 31627 882 41 position position NN 31627 882 42 of of IN 31627 882 43 the the DT 31627 882 44 present present JJ 31627 882 45 foci foci NN 31627 882 46 , , , 31627 882 47 but but CC 31627 882 48 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 882 49 partially partially RB 31627 882 50 destroyed destroy VBN 31627 882 51 and and CC 31627 882 52 the the DT 31627 882 53 whole whole JJ 31627 882 54 submerged submerge VBD 31627 882 55 to to IN 31627 882 56 a a DT 31627 882 57 depth depth NN 31627 882 58 of of IN 31627 882 59 over over IN 31627 882 60 1000 1000 CD 31627 882 61 feet foot NNS 31627 882 62 . . . 31627 883 1 But but CC 31627 883 2 another another DT 31627 883 3 explanation explanation NN 31627 883 4 is be VBZ 31627 883 5 open open JJ 31627 883 6 to to IN 31627 883 7 us -PRON- PRP 31627 883 8 , , , 31627 883 9 and and CC 31627 883 10 one one CD 31627 883 11 not not RB 31627 883 12 inconsistent inconsistent JJ 31627 883 13 with with IN 31627 883 14 what what WP 31627 883 15 we -PRON- PRP 31627 883 16 now now RB 31627 883 17 know know VBP 31627 883 18 of of IN 31627 883 19 the the DT 31627 883 20 physical physical JJ 31627 883 21 changes change NNS 31627 883 22 to to TO 31627 883 23 which which WDT 31627 883 24 the the DT 31627 883 25 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 883 26 has have VBZ 31627 883 27 been be VBN 31627 883 28 subjected subject VBN 31627 883 29 since since IN 31627 883 30 early early JJ 31627 883 31 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 883 32 times time NNS 31627 883 33 . . . 31627 884 1 To to IN 31627 884 2 my -PRON- PRP$ 31627 884 3 mind mind NN 31627 884 4 it -PRON- PRP 31627 884 5 is be VBZ 31627 884 6 difficult difficult JJ 31627 884 7 to to TO 31627 884 8 conceive conceive VB 31627 884 9 how how WRB 31627 884 10 such such PDT 31627 884 11 a a DT 31627 884 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 884 13 mountain mountain NN 31627 884 14 as as IN 31627 884 15 that that DT 31627 884 16 of of IN 31627 884 17 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 884 18 could could MD 31627 884 19 have have VB 31627 884 20 been be VBN 31627 884 21 formed form VBN 31627 884 22 under under IN 31627 884 23 water water NN 31627 884 24 ; ; : 31627 884 25 while while IN 31627 884 26 , , , 31627 884 27 on on IN 31627 884 28 the the DT 31627 884 29 other other JJ 31627 884 30 hand hand NN 31627 884 31 , , , 31627 884 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 884 33 physical physical JJ 31627 884 34 structure structure NN 31627 884 35 and and CC 31627 884 36 contour contour NN 31627 884 37 bear bear NN 31627 884 38 so so RB 31627 884 39 striking strike VBG 31627 884 40 a a DT 31627 884 41 resemblance resemblance NN 31627 884 42 ( ( -LRB- 31627 884 43 as as RB 31627 884 44 already already RB 31627 884 45 observed observe VBN 31627 884 46 ) ) -RRB- 31627 884 47 to to IN 31627 884 48 those those DT 31627 884 49 of of IN 31627 884 50 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 884 51 and and CC 31627 884 52 Rocca Rocca NNP 31627 884 53 Monfina Monfina NNP 31627 884 54 that that IN 31627 884 55 we -PRON- PRP 31627 884 56 are be VBP 31627 884 57 much much RB 31627 884 58 tempted tempt VBN 31627 884 59 to to TO 31627 884 60 infer infer VB 31627 884 61 that that IN 31627 884 62 it -PRON- PRP 31627 884 63 had have VBD 31627 884 64 a a DT 31627 884 65 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 884 66 similar similar JJ 31627 884 67 origin origin NN 31627 884 68 . . . 31627 885 1 Now now RB 31627 885 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 885 3 know know VBP 31627 885 4 that that IN 31627 885 5 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 885 6 was be VBD 31627 885 7 built build VBN 31627 885 8 up up RP 31627 885 9 by by IN 31627 885 10 means mean NNS 31627 885 11 of of IN 31627 885 12 successive successive JJ 31627 885 13 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 885 14 taking take VBG 31627 885 15 place place NN 31627 885 16 under under IN 31627 885 17 the the DT 31627 885 18 air air NN 31627 885 19 ; ; : 31627 885 20 and and CC 31627 885 21 the the DT 31627 885 22 question question NN 31627 885 23 arises arise VBZ 31627 885 24 whether whether IN 31627 885 25 it -PRON- PRP 31627 885 26 could could MD 31627 885 27 be be VB 31627 885 28 possible possible JJ 31627 885 29 that that IN 31627 885 30 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 885 31 had have VBD 31627 885 32 a a DT 31627 885 33 similar similar JJ 31627 885 34 origin origin NN 31627 885 35 owing owe VBG 31627 885 36 to to IN 31627 885 37 the the DT 31627 885 38 waters water NNS 31627 885 39 of of IN 31627 885 40 the the DT 31627 885 41 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 885 42 having have VBG 31627 885 43 been be VBN 31627 885 44 temporally temporally RB 31627 885 45 lowered lower VBN 31627 885 46 at at IN 31627 885 47 a a DT 31627 885 48 later later JJ 31627 885 49 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 885 50 epoch epoch NN 31627 885 51 . . . 31627 886 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 886 2 has have VBZ 31627 886 3 been be VBN 31627 886 4 stated state VBN 31627 886 5 by by IN 31627 886 6 M. M. NNP 31627 886 7 Fouqué Fouqué NNP 31627 886 8 that that IN 31627 886 9 the the DT 31627 886 10 age age NN 31627 886 11 of of IN 31627 886 12 the the DT 31627 886 13 more more RBR 31627 886 14 ancient ancient JJ 31627 886 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 886 16 beds bed NNS 31627 886 17 of of IN 31627 886 18 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 886 19 belong belong VBP 31627 886 20 , , , 31627 886 21 as as IN 31627 886 22 shown show VBN 31627 886 23 by by IN 31627 886 24 the the DT 31627 886 25 included include VBN 31627 886 26 fossils fossil NNS 31627 886 27 , , , 31627 886 28 to to IN 31627 886 29 the the DT 31627 886 30 newer new JJR 31627 886 31 Pliocene Pliocene NNP 31627 886 32 epoch epoch NN 31627 886 33 . . . 31627 887 1 These these DT 31627 887 2 are be VBP 31627 887 3 of of IN 31627 887 4 course course NN 31627 887 5 the the DT 31627 887 6 unsubmerged unsubmerge VBN 31627 887 7 , , , 31627 887 8 and and CC 31627 887 9 therefore therefore RB 31627 887 10 more more RBR 31627 887 11 recent recent JJ 31627 887 12 strata strata NN 31627 887 13 , , , 31627 887 14 and and CC 31627 887 15 may may MD 31627 887 16 have have VB 31627 887 17 been be VBN 31627 887 18 recently recently RB 31627 887 19 upheaved upheave VBN 31627 887 20 during during IN 31627 887 21 one one CD 31627 887 22 or or CC 31627 887 23 more more JJR 31627 887 24 of of IN 31627 887 25 the the DT 31627 887 26 outbursts outburst NNS 31627 887 27 of of IN 31627 887 28 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 887 29 energy energy NN 31627 887 30 . . . 31627 888 1 But but CC 31627 888 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 888 3 seems seem VBZ 31627 888 4 an an DT 31627 888 5 impossibility impossibility NN 31627 888 6 that that IN 31627 888 7 the the DT 31627 888 8 Gulf Gulf NNP 31627 888 9 of of IN 31627 888 10 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 888 11 , , , 31627 888 12 with with IN 31627 888 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 888 14 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 888 15 walls wall NNS 31627 888 16 and and CC 31627 888 17 deep deep JJ 31627 888 18 circular circular JJ 31627 888 19 interior interior JJ 31627 888 20 channel channel NN 31627 888 21 , , , 31627 888 22 as as IN 31627 888 23 shown show VBN 31627 888 24 by by IN 31627 888 25 the the DT 31627 888 26 Ideal Ideal NNP 31627 888 27 Section Section NNP 31627 888 28 ( ( -LRB- 31627 888 29 Fig Fig NNP 31627 888 30 . . . 31627 889 1 13 13 CD 31627 889 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 889 3 , , , 31627 889 4 could could MD 31627 889 5 have have VB 31627 889 6 been be VBN 31627 889 7 formed form VBN 31627 889 8 otherwise otherwise RB 31627 889 9 than than IN 31627 889 10 under under IN 31627 889 11 the the DT 31627 889 12 air air NN 31627 889 13 . . . 31627 890 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 890 2 are be VBP 31627 890 3 led lead VBN 31627 890 4 , , , 31627 890 5 therefore therefore RB 31627 890 6 , , , 31627 890 7 to to TO 31627 890 8 inquire inquire VB 31627 890 9 whether whether IN 31627 890 10 there there EX 31627 890 11 was be VBD 31627 890 12 a a DT 31627 890 13 time time NN 31627 890 14 in in IN 31627 890 15 the the DT 31627 890 16 history history NN 31627 890 17 of of IN 31627 890 18 the the DT 31627 890 19 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 890 20 , , , 31627 890 21 since since IN 31627 890 22 the the DT 31627 890 23 Eocene Eocene NNP 31627 890 24 period period NN 31627 890 25 , , , 31627 890 26 when when WRB 31627 890 27 the the DT 31627 890 28 waters water NNS 31627 890 29 were be VBD 31627 890 30 lower low JJR 31627 890 31 than than IN 31627 890 32 at at IN 31627 890 33 present present NN 31627 890 34 . . . 31627 891 1 That that IN 31627 891 2 this this DT 31627 891 3 was be VBD 31627 891 4 the the DT 31627 891 5 case case NN 31627 891 6 we -PRON- PRP 31627 891 7 have have VBP 31627 891 8 clear clear JJ 31627 891 9 evidence evidence NN 31627 891 10 . . . 31627 892 1 The the DT 31627 892 2 remains remain NNS 31627 892 3 of of IN 31627 892 4 elephants elephant NNS 31627 892 5 , , , 31627 892 6 hippopotami hippopotami JJ 31627 892 7 , , , 31627 892 8 and and CC 31627 892 9 other other JJ 31627 892 10 animals animal NNS 31627 892 11 , , , 31627 892 12 which which WDT 31627 892 13 have have VBP 31627 892 14 been be VBN 31627 892 15 discovered discover VBN 31627 892 16 in in IN 31627 892 17 great great JJ 31627 892 18 numbers number NNS 31627 892 19 in in IN 31627 892 20 the the DT 31627 892 21 Maltese maltese JJ 31627 892 22 caves cave NNS 31627 892 23 , , , 31627 892 24 show show VBP 31627 892 25 that that IN 31627 892 26 this this DT 31627 892 27 island island NN 31627 892 28 was be VBD 31627 892 29 united united JJ 31627 892 30 to to IN 31627 892 31 Sicily Sicily NNP 31627 892 32 , , , 31627 892 33 and and CC 31627 892 34 this this DT 31627 892 35 again again RB 31627 892 36 to to IN 31627 892 37 Europe Europe NNP 31627 892 38 , , , 31627 892 39 during during IN 31627 892 40 the the DT 31627 892 41 later later JJ 31627 892 42 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 892 43 epoch epoch NN 31627 892 44 , , , 31627 892 45 so so IN 31627 892 46 as as IN 31627 892 47 to to TO 31627 892 48 have have VB 31627 892 49 become become VBN 31627 892 50 the the DT 31627 892 51 abode abode NN 31627 892 52 of of IN 31627 892 53 an an DT 31627 892 54 Europasian europasian JJ 31627 892 55 fauna fauna NN 31627 892 56 . . . 31627 893 1 According accord VBG 31627 893 2 to to IN 31627 893 3 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 893 4 Wallace Wallace NNP 31627 893 5 , , , 31627 893 6 a a DT 31627 893 7 causeway causeway NN 31627 893 8 of of IN 31627 893 9 dry dry JJ 31627 893 10 land land NN 31627 893 11 existed exist VBD 31627 893 12 , , , 31627 893 13 stretching stretch VBG 31627 893 14 from from IN 31627 893 15 Italy Italy NNP 31627 893 16 to to IN 31627 893 17 Tunis Tunis NNP 31627 893 18 in in IN 31627 893 19 North North NNP 31627 893 20 Africa Africa NNP 31627 893 21 through through IN 31627 893 22 the the DT 31627 893 23 Maltese maltese JJ 31627 893 24 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 893 25 -- -- : 31627 893 26 an an DT 31627 893 27 inference inference NN 31627 893 28 involving involve VBG 31627 893 29 the the DT 31627 893 30 lowering lowering NN 31627 893 31 of of IN 31627 893 32 the the DT 31627 893 33 waters water NNS 31627 893 34 of of IN 31627 893 35 the the DT 31627 893 36 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 893 37 by by IN 31627 893 38 several several JJ 31627 893 39 hundred hundred CD 31627 893 40 feet foot NNS 31627 893 41 . . . 31627 894 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 894 2 2 2 LS 31627 894 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 894 4 There there EX 31627 894 5 is be VBZ 31627 894 6 every every DT 31627 894 7 reason reason NN 31627 894 8 for for IN 31627 894 9 supposing suppose VBG 31627 894 10 that that IN 31627 894 11 the the DT 31627 894 12 old old JJ 31627 894 13 volcano volcano NN 31627 894 14 of of IN 31627 894 15 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 894 16 was be VBD 31627 894 17 in in IN 31627 894 18 active active JJ 31627 894 19 eruption eruption NN 31627 894 20 at at IN 31627 894 21 this this DT 31627 894 22 period period NN 31627 894 23 ; ; : 31627 894 24 and and CC 31627 894 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 894 26 history history NN 31627 894 27 may may MD 31627 894 28 be be VB 31627 894 29 considered consider VBN 31627 894 30 to to TO 31627 894 31 be be VB 31627 894 32 similar similar JJ 31627 894 33 to to IN 31627 894 34 that that DT 31627 894 35 of of IN 31627 894 36 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 894 37 until until IN 31627 894 38 , , , 31627 894 39 at at IN 31627 894 40 the the DT 31627 894 41 rising rise VBG 31627 894 42 of of IN 31627 894 43 the the DT 31627 894 44 waters water NNS 31627 894 45 during during IN 31627 894 46 the the DT 31627 894 47 Pluvial Pluvial NNP 31627 894 48 ( ( -LRB- 31627 894 49 or or CC 31627 894 50 Post Post NNP 31627 894 51 - - NNP 31627 894 52 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 894 53 ) ) -RRB- 31627 894 54 epoch epoch UH 31627 894 55 , , , 31627 894 56 during during IN 31627 894 57 which which WDT 31627 894 58 they -PRON- PRP 31627 894 59 rose rise VBD 31627 894 60 higher high JJR 31627 894 61 than than IN 31627 894 62 at at IN 31627 894 63 present present NN 31627 894 64 , , , 31627 894 65 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 894 66 was be VBD 31627 894 67 converted convert VBN 31627 894 68 into into IN 31627 894 69 a a DT 31627 894 70 group group NN 31627 894 71 of of IN 31627 894 72 islands island NNS 31627 894 73 , , , 31627 894 74 slightly slightly RB 31627 894 75 differing differ VBG 31627 894 76 in in IN 31627 894 77 form form NN 31627 894 78 from from IN 31627 894 79 those those DT 31627 894 80 of of IN 31627 894 81 the the DT 31627 894 82 present present JJ 31627 894 83 day day NN 31627 894 84 . . . 31627 895 1 This this DT 31627 895 2 view view NN 31627 895 3 seems seem VBZ 31627 895 4 to to TO 31627 895 5 meet meet VB 31627 895 6 the the DT 31627 895 7 difficulties difficulty NNS 31627 895 8 regarding regard VBG 31627 895 9 the the DT 31627 895 10 origin origin NN 31627 895 11 of of IN 31627 895 12 this this DT 31627 895 13 group group NN 31627 895 14 , , , 31627 895 15 difficulties difficulty NNS 31627 895 16 which which WDT 31627 895 17 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 895 18 had have VBD 31627 895 19 long long RB 31627 895 20 since since RB 31627 895 21 clearly clearly RB 31627 895 22 recognised recognise VBN 31627 895 23 . . . 31627 896 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 896 2 _ _ NNP 31627 896 3 c. c. NNP 31627 896 4 _ _ NNP 31627 896 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 896 6 _ _ NNP 31627 896 7 Limit Limit NNP 31627 896 8 of of IN 31627 896 9 the the DT 31627 896 10 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 896 11 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 896 12 Region._--With Region._--With NNP 31627 896 13 the the DT 31627 896 14 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 896 15 group group NN 31627 896 16 we -PRON- PRP 31627 896 17 conclude conclude VBP 31627 896 18 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 896 19 account account NN 31627 896 20 of of IN 31627 896 21 the the DT 31627 896 22 active active JJ 31627 896 23 European european JJ 31627 896 24 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 896 25 . . . 31627 897 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 897 2 may may MD 31627 897 3 be be VB 31627 897 4 observed observe VBN 31627 897 5 , , , 31627 897 6 however however RB 31627 897 7 , , , 31627 897 8 that that IN 31627 897 9 from from IN 31627 897 10 some some DT 31627 897 11 cause cause NN 31627 897 12 not not RB 31627 897 13 ascertained ascertain VBD 31627 897 14 the the DT 31627 897 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 897 16 districts district NNS 31627 897 17 of of IN 31627 897 18 the the DT 31627 897 19 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 897 20 and and CC 31627 897 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 897 22 shores shore NNS 31627 897 23 are be VBP 31627 897 24 confined confine VBN 31627 897 25 to to IN 31627 897 26 the the DT 31627 897 27 north north NN 31627 897 28 side side NN 31627 897 29 of of IN 31627 897 30 that that DT 31627 897 31 great great JJ 31627 897 32 inland inland NNP 31627 897 33 sea sea NN 31627 897 34 ; ; : 31627 897 35 so so IN 31627 897 36 that that IN 31627 897 37 as as IN 31627 897 38 regards regard VBZ 31627 897 39 vulcanicity vulcanicity NN 31627 897 40 the the DT 31627 897 41 African african JJ 31627 897 42 coast coast NN 31627 897 43 presents present VBZ 31627 897 44 a a DT 31627 897 45 striking striking JJ 31627 897 46 contrast contrast NN 31627 897 47 to to IN 31627 897 48 that that DT 31627 897 49 of of IN 31627 897 50 the the DT 31627 897 51 opposite opposite JJ 31627 897 52 side side NN 31627 897 53 . . . 31627 898 1 If if IN 31627 898 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 898 3 draw draw VBP 31627 898 4 a a DT 31627 898 5 line line NN 31627 898 6 from from IN 31627 898 7 the the DT 31627 898 8 shores shore NNS 31627 898 9 of of IN 31627 898 10 the the DT 31627 898 11 Levant Levant NNP 31627 898 12 to to IN 31627 898 13 the the DT 31627 898 14 Straits Straits NNPS 31627 898 15 of of IN 31627 898 16 Gibraltar Gibraltar NNP 31627 898 17 , , , 31627 898 18 by by IN 31627 898 19 Candia Candia NNP 31627 898 20 , , , 31627 898 21 Malta Malta NNP 31627 898 22 , , , 31627 898 23 and and CC 31627 898 24 to to IN 31627 898 25 the the DT 31627 898 26 south south NN 31627 898 27 of of IN 31627 898 28 Pantelleria Pantelleria NNP 31627 898 29 and and CC 31627 898 30 Sardinia Sardinia NNP 31627 898 31 , , , 31627 898 32 we -PRON- PRP 31627 898 33 shall shall MD 31627 898 34 find find VB 31627 898 35 that that IN 31627 898 36 the the DT 31627 898 37 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 898 38 islands island NNS 31627 898 39 and and CC 31627 898 40 districts district NNS 31627 898 41 of of IN 31627 898 42 the the DT 31627 898 43 mainland mainland NN 31627 898 44 lie lie VBP 31627 898 45 to to IN 31627 898 46 the the DT 31627 898 47 north north NN 31627 898 48 of of IN 31627 898 49 it -PRON- PRP 31627 898 50 . . . 31627 899 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 899 2 3 3 LS 31627 899 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 899 4 This this DT 31627 899 5 has have VBZ 31627 899 6 doubtless doubtless RB 31627 899 7 some some DT 31627 899 8 connection connection NN 31627 899 9 with with IN 31627 899 10 the the DT 31627 899 11 internal internal JJ 31627 899 12 geological geological JJ 31627 899 13 structure structure NN 31627 899 14 . . . 31627 900 1 The the DT 31627 900 2 immunity immunity NN 31627 900 3 of of IN 31627 900 4 the the DT 31627 900 5 Libyan libyan JJ 31627 900 6 desert desert NN 31627 900 7 from from IN 31627 900 8 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 900 9 irruptions irruption NNS 31627 900 10 is be VBZ 31627 900 11 in in IN 31627 900 12 keeping keep VBG 31627 900 13 with with IN 31627 900 14 the the DT 31627 900 15 remarkably remarkably RB 31627 900 16 undisturbed undisturbed JJ 31627 900 17 condition condition NN 31627 900 18 of of IN 31627 900 19 the the DT 31627 900 20 Secondary secondary JJ 31627 900 21 strata strata NN 31627 900 22 , , , 31627 900 23 which which WDT 31627 900 24 seldom seldom RB 31627 900 25 depart depart VBP 31627 900 26 much much RB 31627 900 27 from from IN 31627 900 28 the the DT 31627 900 29 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 900 30 position position NN 31627 900 31 ; ; : 31627 900 32 while while IN 31627 900 33 the the DT 31627 900 34 igneous igneous JJ 31627 900 35 rocks rock NNS 31627 900 36 of of IN 31627 900 37 the the DT 31627 900 38 Atlas Atlas NNP 31627 900 39 mountains mountain NNS 31627 900 40 are be VBP 31627 900 41 probably probably RB 31627 900 42 of of IN 31627 900 43 great great JJ 31627 900 44 geological geological JJ 31627 900 45 antiquity antiquity NN 31627 900 46 . . . 31627 901 1 On on IN 31627 901 2 the the DT 31627 901 3 other other JJ 31627 901 4 hand hand NN 31627 901 5 , , , 31627 901 6 the the DT 31627 901 7 Secondary secondary JJ 31627 901 8 and and CC 31627 901 9 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 901 10 formations formation NNS 31627 901 11 of of IN 31627 901 12 the the DT 31627 901 13 northern northern JJ 31627 901 14 shores shore NNS 31627 901 15 and and CC 31627 901 16 islands island NNS 31627 901 17 of of IN 31627 901 18 the the DT 31627 901 19 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 901 20 are be VBP 31627 901 21 generally generally RB 31627 901 22 characterised characterise VBN 31627 901 23 by by IN 31627 901 24 the the DT 31627 901 25 highly highly RB 31627 901 26 - - HYPH 31627 901 27 inclined inclined JJ 31627 901 28 , , , 31627 901 29 flexured flexure VBN 31627 901 30 , , , 31627 901 31 and and CC 31627 901 32 folded fold VBD 31627 901 33 position position NN 31627 901 34 of of IN 31627 901 35 the the DT 31627 901 36 strata strata NN 31627 901 37 . . . 31627 902 1 Hence hence RB 31627 902 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 902 3 may may MD 31627 902 4 suppose suppose VB 31627 902 5 that that IN 31627 902 6 the the DT 31627 902 7 crust crust NN 31627 902 8 over over IN 31627 902 9 the the DT 31627 902 10 region region NN 31627 902 11 lying lie VBG 31627 902 12 to to IN 31627 902 13 the the DT 31627 902 14 north north NN 31627 902 15 of of IN 31627 902 16 the the DT 31627 902 17 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 902 18 line line NN 31627 902 19 , , , 31627 902 20 owing owe VBG 31627 902 21 to to IN 31627 902 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 902 23 broken broken JJ 31627 902 24 and and CC 31627 902 25 ruptured ruptured JJ 31627 902 26 condition condition NN 31627 902 27 , , , 31627 902 28 was be VBD 31627 902 29 less less RBR 31627 902 30 able able JJ 31627 902 31 to to TO 31627 902 32 resist resist VB 31627 902 33 the the DT 31627 902 34 pressure pressure NN 31627 902 35 of of IN 31627 902 36 the the DT 31627 902 37 internal internal JJ 31627 902 38 forces force NNS 31627 902 39 of of IN 31627 902 40 eruption eruption NN 31627 902 41 than than IN 31627 902 42 that that DT 31627 902 43 lying lie VBG 31627 902 44 to to IN 31627 902 45 the the DT 31627 902 46 south south NN 31627 902 47 of of IN 31627 902 48 it -PRON- PRP 31627 902 49 ; ; : 31627 902 50 and and CC 31627 902 51 that that IN 31627 902 52 , , , 31627 902 53 in in IN 31627 902 54 consequence consequence NN 31627 902 55 , , , 31627 902 56 vents vent NNS 31627 902 57 and and CC 31627 902 58 fissures fissure NNS 31627 902 59 of of IN 31627 902 60 eruption eruption NN 31627 902 61 were be VBD 31627 902 62 established establish VBN 31627 902 63 over over IN 31627 902 64 the the DT 31627 902 65 former former JJ 31627 902 66 of of IN 31627 902 67 these these DT 31627 902 68 regions region NNS 31627 902 69 , , , 31627 902 70 while while IN 31627 902 71 they -PRON- PRP 31627 902 72 are be VBP 31627 902 73 absent absent JJ 31627 902 74 in in IN 31627 902 75 the the DT 31627 902 76 latter latter NN 31627 902 77 . . . 31627 903 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 903 2 1 1 LS 31627 903 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 903 4 Fuller fuller NN 31627 903 5 details detail NNS 31627 903 6 will will MD 31627 903 7 be be VB 31627 903 8 found find VBN 31627 903 9 in in IN 31627 903 10 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 903 11 's 's POS 31627 903 12 _ _ NNP 31627 903 13 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 903 14 _ _ NNP 31627 903 15 , , , 31627 903 16 chap chap NNP 31627 903 17 . . . 31627 904 1 xviii xviii NNP 31627 904 2 . . NNP 31627 904 3 , , , 31627 904 4 and and CC 31627 904 5 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 904 6 's 's POS 31627 904 7 _ _ NNP 31627 904 8 Principles Principles NNPS 31627 904 9 of of IN 31627 904 10 Geology Geology NNP 31627 904 11 _ _ NNP 31627 904 12 , , , 31627 904 13 vol vol NNP 31627 904 14 . . . 31627 905 1 ii ii LS 31627 905 2 . . . 31627 906 1 p. p. NN 31627 906 2 65 65 CD 31627 906 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 906 4 edition edition NN 31627 906 5 1872 1872 CD 31627 906 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 906 7 . . . 31627 907 1 The the DT 31627 907 2 bird's bird's NN 31627 907 3 - - HYPH 31627 907 4 eye eye NN 31627 907 5 view view NN 31627 907 6 is be VBZ 31627 907 7 taken take VBN 31627 907 8 from from IN 31627 907 9 this this DT 31627 907 10 latter latter JJ 31627 907 11 work work NN 31627 907 12 by by IN 31627 907 13 kind kind NN 31627 907 14 permission permission NN 31627 907 15 of of IN 31627 907 16 the the DT 31627 907 17 publisher publisher NN 31627 907 18 , , , 31627 907 19 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 907 20 J. J. NNP 31627 907 21 Murray Murray NNP 31627 907 22 , , , 31627 907 23 as as IN 31627 907 24 also also RB 31627 907 25 the the DT 31627 907 26 accompanying accompany VBG 31627 907 27 Ideal Ideal NNP 31627 907 28 Section Section NNP 31627 907 29 , , , 31627 907 30 Fig Fig NNP 31627 907 31 . . . 31627 908 1 13 13 CD 31627 908 2 . . . 31627 909 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 909 2 2 2 LS 31627 909 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 909 4 Wallace Wallace NNP 31627 909 5 , , , 31627 909 6 _ _ NNP 31627 909 7 Geographical Geographical NNP 31627 909 8 Distribution Distribution NNP 31627 909 9 of of IN 31627 909 10 Animals Animals NNPS 31627 909 11 _ _ NNP 31627 909 12 ( ( -LRB- 31627 909 13 1876 1876 CD 31627 909 14 ) ) -RRB- 31627 909 15 . . . 31627 910 1 The the DT 31627 910 2 author author NN 31627 910 3 's 's POS 31627 910 4 _ _ NNP 31627 910 5 Sketch Sketch NNP 31627 910 6 of of IN 31627 910 7 Geological Geological NNP 31627 910 8 History History NNP 31627 910 9 _ _ NNP 31627 910 10 , , , 31627 910 11 p. p. NN 31627 910 12 130 130 CD 31627 910 13 ( ( -LRB- 31627 910 14 Deacon Deacon NNP 31627 910 15 & & CC 31627 910 16 Co. Co. NNP 31627 910 17 , , , 31627 910 18 1887 1887 CD 31627 910 19 ) ) -RRB- 31627 910 20 . . . 31627 911 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 911 2 3 3 LS 31627 911 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 911 4 The the DT 31627 911 5 _ _ NNP 31627 911 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 911 7 area area NN 31627 911 8 _ _ NNP 31627 911 9 lying lie VBG 31627 911 10 to to IN 31627 911 11 the the DT 31627 911 12 north north NN 31627 911 13 of of IN 31627 911 14 this this DT 31627 911 15 line line NN 31627 911 16 will will MD 31627 911 17 include include VB 31627 911 18 Sardinia Sardinia NNP 31627 911 19 , , , 31627 911 20 Sicily Sicily NNP 31627 911 21 , , , 31627 911 22 Pantelleria Pantelleria NNP 31627 911 23 , , , 31627 911 24 the the DT 31627 911 25 Grecian Grecian NNP 31627 911 26 Archipelago Archipelago NNP 31627 911 27 , , , 31627 911 28 Asia Asia NNP 31627 911 29 Minor Minor NNP 31627 911 30 , , , 31627 911 31 and and CC 31627 911 32 Syria Syria NNP 31627 911 33 ; ; : 31627 911 34 the the DT 31627 911 35 _ _ NNP 31627 911 36 non non JJ 31627 911 37 - - JJ 31627 911 38 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 911 39 area area NN 31627 911 40 _ _ NNP 31627 911 41 lying lie VBG 31627 911 42 to to IN 31627 911 43 the the DT 31627 911 44 south south NN 31627 911 45 of of IN 31627 911 46 this this DT 31627 911 47 line line NN 31627 911 48 will will MD 31627 911 49 include include VB 31627 911 50 the the DT 31627 911 51 African african JJ 31627 911 52 coast coast NN 31627 911 53 , , , 31627 911 54 Malta Malta NNP 31627 911 55 , , , 31627 911 56 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 911 57 of of IN 31627 911 58 Crete Crete NNP 31627 911 59 and and CC 31627 911 60 Cyprus Cyprus NNP 31627 911 61 . . . 31627 912 1 The the DT 31627 912 2 Isle Isle NNP 31627 912 3 of of IN 31627 912 4 Pantelleria Pantelleria NNP 31627 912 5 is be VBZ 31627 912 6 apparently apparently RB 31627 912 7 just just RB 31627 912 8 on on IN 31627 912 9 the the DT 31627 912 10 line line NN 31627 912 11 , , , 31627 912 12 which which WDT 31627 912 13 , , , 31627 912 14 continued continue VBD 31627 912 15 eastward eastward RB 31627 912 16 , , , 31627 912 17 probably probably RB 31627 912 18 follows follow VBZ 31627 912 19 the the DT 31627 912 20 north north JJ 31627 912 21 coast coast NN 31627 912 22 of of IN 31627 912 23 Cyprus Cyprus NNP 31627 912 24 , , , 31627 912 25 parallel parallel JJ 31627 912 26 to to IN 31627 912 27 the the DT 31627 912 28 strike strike NN 31627 912 29 of of IN 31627 912 30 the the DT 31627 912 31 strata strata NN 31627 912 32 and and CC 31627 912 33 of of IN 31627 912 34 the the DT 31627 912 35 central central JJ 31627 912 36 axis axis NN 31627 912 37 of of IN 31627 912 38 that that DT 31627 912 39 island.--See island.--see NN 31627 912 40 " " `` 31627 912 41 Carte Carte NNP 31627 912 42 Géologique Géologique NNP 31627 912 43 de de NNP 31627 912 44 l'île l'île FW 31627 912 45 de de NNP 31627 912 46 Chypre Chypre NNP 31627 912 47 , , , 31627 912 48 par par NN 31627 912 49 MM mm NN 31627 912 50 . . . 31627 913 1 Albert Albert NNP 31627 913 2 Gaudry Gaudry NNP 31627 913 3 et et NNP 31627 913 4 Amedée Amedée NNP 31627 913 5 Damour Damour NNP 31627 913 6 " " '' 31627 913 7 ( ( -LRB- 31627 913 8 1860 1860 CD 31627 913 9 ) ) -RRB- 31627 913 10 . . . 31627 914 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 914 2 V. V. NNP 31627 914 3 EUROPEAN european NN 31627 914 4 EXTINCT EXTINCT NNS 31627 914 5 OR or CC 31627 914 6 DORMANT dormant NN 31627 914 7 VOLCANOES volcano NNS 31627 914 8 . . . 31627 915 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 915 2 are be VBP 31627 915 3 naturally naturally RB 31627 915 4 led lead VBN 31627 915 5 on on RP 31627 915 6 from from IN 31627 915 7 a a DT 31627 915 8 consideration consideration NN 31627 915 9 of of IN 31627 915 10 the the DT 31627 915 11 active active JJ 31627 915 12 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 915 13 of of IN 31627 915 14 Europe Europe NNP 31627 915 15 to to IN 31627 915 16 that that DT 31627 915 17 of of IN 31627 915 18 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 915 19 which which WDT 31627 915 20 are be VBP 31627 915 21 either either CC 31627 915 22 dormant dormant JJ 31627 915 23 or or CC 31627 915 24 extinct extinct VBN 31627 915 25 in in IN 31627 915 26 the the DT 31627 915 27 same same JJ 31627 915 28 region region NN 31627 915 29 . . . 31627 916 1 Such such JJ 31627 916 2 are be VBP 31627 916 3 to to TO 31627 916 4 be be VB 31627 916 5 found find VBN 31627 916 6 in in IN 31627 916 7 Italy Italy NNP 31627 916 8 , , , 31627 916 9 Central Central NNP 31627 916 10 France France NNP 31627 916 11 , , , 31627 916 12 both both DT 31627 916 13 banks bank NNS 31627 916 14 of of IN 31627 916 15 the the DT 31627 916 16 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 916 17 and and CC 31627 916 18 Moselle Moselle NNP 31627 916 19 , , , 31627 916 20 the the DT 31627 916 21 Westerwald Westerwald NNP 31627 916 22 , , , 31627 916 23 Vogelsgebirge Vogelsgebirge NNP 31627 916 24 , , , 31627 916 25 and and CC 31627 916 26 other other JJ 31627 916 27 districts district NNS 31627 916 28 of of IN 31627 916 29 Germany Germany NNP 31627 916 30 ; ; : 31627 916 31 in in IN 31627 916 32 Hungary Hungary NNP 31627 916 33 , , , 31627 916 34 Styria Styria NNP 31627 916 35 , , , 31627 916 36 and and CC 31627 916 37 the the DT 31627 916 38 borders border NNS 31627 916 39 of of IN 31627 916 40 the the DT 31627 916 41 Grecian grecian JJ 31627 916 42 archipelago archipelago NN 31627 916 43 . . . 31627 917 1 But but CC 31627 917 2 the the DT 31627 917 3 subject subject NN 31627 917 4 is be VBZ 31627 917 5 too too RB 31627 917 6 large large JJ 31627 917 7 to to TO 31627 917 8 be be VB 31627 917 9 treated treat VBN 31627 917 10 here here RB 31627 917 11 in in IN 31627 917 12 detail detail NN 31627 917 13 ; ; : 31627 917 14 and and CC 31627 917 15 I -PRON- PRP 31627 917 16 propose propose VBP 31627 917 17 to to TO 31627 917 18 confine confine VB 31627 917 19 my -PRON- PRP$ 31627 917 20 observations observation NNS 31627 917 21 to to IN 31627 917 22 some some DT 31627 917 23 selected select VBN 31627 917 24 cases case NNS 31627 917 25 which which WDT 31627 917 26 are be VBP 31627 917 27 to to TO 31627 917 28 be be VB 31627 917 29 found find VBN 31627 917 30 in in IN 31627 917 31 Southern Southern NNP 31627 917 32 Italy Italy NNP 31627 917 33 , , , 31627 917 34 Central Central NNP 31627 917 35 France France NNP 31627 917 36 , , , 31627 917 37 and and CC 31627 917 38 the the DT 31627 917 39 Rhenish rhenish JJ 31627 917 40 districts district NNS 31627 917 41 , , , 31627 917 42 where where WRB 31627 917 43 the the DT 31627 917 44 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 917 45 features feature NNS 31627 917 46 are be VBP 31627 917 47 of of IN 31627 917 48 so so RB 31627 917 49 recent recent JJ 31627 917 50 an an DT 31627 917 51 age age NN 31627 917 52 as as IN 31627 917 53 to to TO 31627 917 54 preserve preserve VB 31627 917 55 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 917 56 outward outward JJ 31627 917 57 form form NN 31627 917 58 and and CC 31627 917 59 structure structure NN 31627 917 60 almost almost RB 31627 917 61 intact intact JJ 31627 917 62 . . . 31627 918 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 918 2 _ _ NNP 31627 918 3 a. a. NN 31627 918 4 _ _ NNP 31627 918 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 918 6 _ _ NNP 31627 918 7 Southern Southern NNP 31627 918 8 Italy._--Extinct italy._--extinct JJ 31627 918 9 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 918 10 and and CC 31627 918 11 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 918 12 rocks rock NNS 31627 918 13 occupy occupy VBP 31627 918 14 considerable considerable JJ 31627 918 15 tracts tract NNS 31627 918 16 between between IN 31627 918 17 the the DT 31627 918 18 western western JJ 31627 918 19 flanks flank NNS 31627 918 20 of of IN 31627 918 21 the the DT 31627 918 22 Apennines Apennines NNPS 31627 918 23 and and CC 31627 918 24 the the DT 31627 918 25 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 918 26 coast coast NN 31627 918 27 in in IN 31627 918 28 the the DT 31627 918 29 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP 31627 918 30 and and CC 31627 918 31 Roman Roman NNP 31627 918 32 States States NNP 31627 918 33 , , , 31627 918 34 forming form VBG 31627 918 35 the the DT 31627 918 36 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 918 37 group group NN 31627 918 38 of of IN 31627 918 39 the the DT 31627 918 40 Phlegræan Phlegræan NNP 31627 918 41 fields field NNS 31627 918 42 ( ( -LRB- 31627 918 43 Campi Campi NNP 31627 918 44 Phlegræi Phlegræi NNP 31627 918 45 ) ) -RRB- 31627 918 46 , , , 31627 918 47 with with IN 31627 918 48 the the DT 31627 918 49 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 918 50 islands island NNS 31627 918 51 of of IN 31627 918 52 Ischia Ischia NNP 31627 918 53 , , , 31627 918 54 Procida Procida NNP 31627 918 55 , , , 31627 918 56 Nisida Nisida NNP 31627 918 57 , , , 31627 918 58 Vandolena Vandolena NNP 31627 918 59 , , , 31627 918 60 Ponza Ponza NNP 31627 918 61 , , , 31627 918 62 and and CC 31627 918 63 Palmarola Palmarola NNP 31627 918 64 ; ; : 31627 918 65 at at IN 31627 918 66 Melfi Melfi NNP 31627 918 67 and and CC 31627 918 68 Avellino Avellino NNP 31627 918 69 . . . 31627 919 1 All all PDT 31627 919 2 the the DT 31627 919 3 region region NN 31627 919 4 around around IN 31627 919 5 Rome Rome NNP 31627 919 6 extending extend VBG 31627 919 7 along along IN 31627 919 8 the the DT 31627 919 9 western western JJ 31627 919 10 slopes slope NNS 31627 919 11 of of IN 31627 919 12 the the DT 31627 919 13 Apennines Apennines NNPS 31627 919 14 from from IN 31627 919 15 Velletri Velletri NNP 31627 919 16 to to IN 31627 919 17 Orvieto Orvieto NNP 31627 919 18 , , , 31627 919 19 together together RB 31627 919 20 with with IN 31627 919 21 Mount Mount NNP 31627 919 22 Annato Annato NNP 31627 919 23 in in IN 31627 919 24 Tuscany Tuscany NNP 31627 919 25 , , , 31627 919 26 is be VBZ 31627 919 27 formed form VBN 31627 919 28 of of IN 31627 919 29 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 919 30 material material NN 31627 919 31 , , , 31627 919 32 and and CC 31627 919 33 the the DT 31627 919 34 same same JJ 31627 919 35 may may MD 31627 919 36 be be VB 31627 919 37 said say VBN 31627 919 38 of of IN 31627 919 39 a a DT 31627 919 40 large large JJ 31627 919 41 part part NN 31627 919 42 of of IN 31627 919 43 the the DT 31627 919 44 island island NN 31627 919 45 of of IN 31627 919 46 Sardinia Sardinia NNP 31627 919 47 . . . 31627 920 1 From from IN 31627 920 2 these these DT 31627 920 3 districts district NNS 31627 920 4 I -PRON- PRP 31627 920 5 shall shall MD 31627 920 6 select select VB 31627 920 7 some some DT 31627 920 8 points point NNS 31627 920 9 which which WDT 31627 920 10 seem seem VBP 31627 920 11 to to TO 31627 920 12 be be VB 31627 920 13 of of IN 31627 920 14 special special JJ 31627 920 15 interest interest NN 31627 920 16 . . . 31627 921 1 _ _ NNP 31627 921 2 Monte Monte NNP 31627 921 3 Nuovo Nuovo NNP 31627 921 4 and and CC 31627 921 5 the the DT 31627 921 6 Phlegræan Phlegræan NNP 31627 921 7 Fields._--The Fields._--The NNP 31627 921 8 tract tract NN 31627 921 9 of of IN 31627 921 10 which which WDT 31627 921 11 this this DT 31627 921 12 celebrated celebrate VBN 31627 921 13 district district NN 31627 921 14 forms form VBZ 31627 921 15 a a DT 31627 921 16 part part NN 31627 921 17 lies lie VBZ 31627 921 18 as as IN 31627 921 19 it -PRON- PRP 31627 921 20 were be VBD 31627 921 21 in in IN 31627 921 22 a a DT 31627 921 23 bay bay NN 31627 921 24 of of IN 31627 921 25 the the DT 31627 921 26 Apennine Apennine NNP 31627 921 27 limestone limestone NN 31627 921 28 of of IN 31627 921 29 Jurassic Jurassic NNP 31627 921 30 age age NN 31627 921 31 . . . 31627 922 1 The the DT 31627 922 2 floor floor NN 31627 922 3 of of IN 31627 922 4 this this DT 31627 922 5 bay bay NN 31627 922 6 is be VBZ 31627 922 7 composed compose VBN 31627 922 8 of of IN 31627 922 9 puzzolana puzzolana NN 31627 922 10 , , , 31627 922 11 a a DT 31627 922 12 name name NN 31627 922 13 given give VBN 31627 922 14 to to IN 31627 922 15 beds bed NNS 31627 922 16 of of IN 31627 922 17 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 922 18 tuff tuff NN 31627 922 19 of of IN 31627 922 20 great great JJ 31627 922 21 thickness thickness NN 31627 922 22 , , , 31627 922 23 and and CC 31627 922 24 rising rise VBG 31627 922 25 into into IN 31627 922 26 considerable considerable JJ 31627 922 27 hills hill NNS 31627 922 28 in in IN 31627 922 29 the the DT 31627 922 30 vicinity vicinity NN 31627 922 31 of of IN 31627 922 32 the the DT 31627 922 33 city city NN 31627 922 34 of of IN 31627 922 35 Naples Naples NNP 31627 922 36 , , , 31627 922 37 such such JJ 31627 922 38 as as IN 31627 922 39 that that DT 31627 922 40 of of IN 31627 922 41 St. St. NNP 31627 922 42 Elmo Elmo NNP 31627 922 43 . . . 31627 923 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 923 2 composition composition NN 31627 923 3 is be VBZ 31627 923 4 peculiar peculiar JJ 31627 923 5 , , , 31627 923 6 as as IN 31627 923 7 it -PRON- PRP 31627 923 8 is be VBZ 31627 923 9 chiefly chiefly RB 31627 923 10 formed form VBN 31627 923 11 of of IN 31627 923 12 small small JJ 31627 923 13 pieces piece NNS 31627 923 14 of of IN 31627 923 15 pumice pumice NN 31627 923 16 , , , 31627 923 17 obsidian obsidian JJ 31627 923 18 , , , 31627 923 19 and and CC 31627 923 20 trachyte trachyte NNP 31627 923 21 , , , 31627 923 22 in in IN 31627 923 23 beds bed NNS 31627 923 24 alternating alternate VBG 31627 923 25 with with IN 31627 923 26 loam loam NN 31627 923 27 , , , 31627 923 28 ferriferous ferriferous JJ 31627 923 29 sand sand NN 31627 923 30 , , , 31627 923 31 and and CC 31627 923 32 fragments fragment NNS 31627 923 33 of of IN 31627 923 34 limestone limestone NN 31627 923 35 . . . 31627 924 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 924 2 is be VBZ 31627 924 3 evidently evidently RB 31627 924 4 of of IN 31627 924 5 marine marine JJ 31627 924 6 formation formation NN 31627 924 7 , , , 31627 924 8 as as IN 31627 924 9 Sir Sir NNP 31627 924 10 William William NNP 31627 924 11 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 31627 924 12 , , , 31627 924 13 Professor Professor NNP 31627 924 14 Pilla Pilla NNP 31627 924 15 , , , 31627 924 16 and and CC 31627 924 17 others other NNS 31627 924 18 have have VBP 31627 924 19 detected detect VBN 31627 924 20 sea sea NN 31627 924 21 - - HYPH 31627 924 22 shells shell NNS 31627 924 23 therein therein RB 31627 924 24 , , , 31627 924 25 of of IN 31627 924 26 the the DT 31627 924 27 genera genera NN 31627 924 28 _ _ NNP 31627 924 29 Ostræa Ostræa NNP 31627 924 30 _ _ NNP 31627 924 31 , , , 31627 924 32 _ _ NNP 31627 924 33 Cardium Cardium NNP 31627 924 34 _ _ NNP 31627 924 35 , , , 31627 924 36 _ _ NNP 31627 924 37 Pecten Pecten NNP 31627 924 38 _ _ NNP 31627 924 39 and and CC 31627 924 40 _ _ NNP 31627 924 41 Pectunculus Pectunculus NNP 31627 924 42 _ _ NNP 31627 924 43 , , , 31627 924 44 _ _ NNP 31627 924 45 Buccinum Buccinum NNP 31627 924 46 _ _ NNP 31627 924 47 , , , 31627 924 48 etc etc FW 31627 924 49 . . . 31627 925 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 925 2 is be VBZ 31627 925 3 generally generally RB 31627 925 4 of of IN 31627 925 5 a a DT 31627 925 6 greyish greyish NN 31627 925 7 colour colour NN 31627 925 8 , , , 31627 925 9 and and CC 31627 925 10 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 925 11 sufficiently sufficiently RB 31627 925 12 firm firm JJ 31627 925 13 to to TO 31627 925 14 be be VB 31627 925 15 used use VBN 31627 925 16 as as IN 31627 925 17 a a DT 31627 925 18 building building NN 31627 925 19 stone stone NN 31627 925 20 . . . 31627 926 1 The the DT 31627 926 2 Roman Roman NNP 31627 926 3 Campagna Campagna NNP 31627 926 4 is be VBZ 31627 926 5 largely largely RB 31627 926 6 formed form VBN 31627 926 7 of of IN 31627 926 8 similar similar JJ 31627 926 9 materials material NNS 31627 926 10 , , , 31627 926 11 which which WDT 31627 926 12 were be VBD 31627 926 13 deposited deposit VBN 31627 926 14 at at IN 31627 926 15 a a DT 31627 926 16 time time NN 31627 926 17 when when WRB 31627 926 18 the the DT 31627 926 19 districts district NNS 31627 926 20 in in IN 31627 926 21 question question NN 31627 926 22 were be VBD 31627 926 23 submerged submerge VBN 31627 926 24 , , , 31627 926 25 and and CC 31627 926 26 matter matter NNP 31627 926 27 was be VBD 31627 926 28 being be VBG 31627 926 29 erupted erupt VBN 31627 926 30 from from IN 31627 926 31 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 926 32 vents vent NNS 31627 926 33 at at IN 31627 926 34 various various JJ 31627 926 35 points point NNS 31627 926 36 around around RB 31627 926 37 , , , 31627 926 38 and and CC 31627 926 39 spread spread VBD 31627 926 40 over over IN 31627 926 41 the the DT 31627 926 42 sea sea NN 31627 926 43 - - HYPH 31627 926 44 bed bed NN 31627 926 45 . . . 31627 927 1 Such such JJ 31627 927 2 is be VBZ 31627 927 3 the the DT 31627 927 4 character character NN 31627 927 5 of of IN 31627 927 6 the the DT 31627 927 7 general general JJ 31627 927 8 floor floor NN 31627 927 9 on on IN 31627 927 10 which which WDT 31627 927 11 the the DT 31627 927 12 more more RBR 31627 927 13 recent recent JJ 31627 927 14 crater crater NN 31627 927 15 - - HYPH 31627 927 16 cones cone NNS 31627 927 17 of of IN 31627 927 18 this this DT 31627 927 19 district district NN 31627 927 20 have have VBP 31627 927 21 been be VBN 31627 927 22 built build VBN 31627 927 23 . . . 31627 928 1 These these DT 31627 928 2 are be VBP 31627 928 3 numerous numerous JJ 31627 928 4 , , , 31627 928 5 and and CC 31627 928 6 all all DT 31627 928 7 extinct extinct VBD 31627 928 8 with with IN 31627 928 9 the the DT 31627 928 10 exception exception NN 31627 928 11 of of IN 31627 928 12 the the DT 31627 928 13 Solfatara Solfatara NNP 31627 928 14 , , , 31627 928 15 near near IN 31627 928 16 Puzzuoli Puzzuoli NNP 31627 928 17 , , , 31627 928 18 from from IN 31627 928 19 which which WDT 31627 928 20 gases gas NNS 31627 928 21 mixed mixed JJ 31627 928 22 with with IN 31627 928 23 aqueous aqueous JJ 31627 928 24 vapour vapour NN 31627 928 25 are be VBP 31627 928 26 continually continually RB 31627 928 27 being be VBG 31627 928 28 exhaled exhale VBN 31627 928 29 . . . 31627 929 1 The the DT 31627 929 2 gases gas NNS 31627 929 3 consist consist VBP 31627 929 4 of of IN 31627 929 5 sulphuretted sulphuret VBN 31627 929 6 hydrogen hydrogen NN 31627 929 7 mixed mix VBN 31627 929 8 with with IN 31627 929 9 a a DT 31627 929 10 minute minute JJ 31627 929 11 quantity quantity NN 31627 929 12 of of IN 31627 929 13 muriatic muriatic JJ 31627 929 14 acid acid NN 31627 929 15 . . . 31627 930 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 930 2 1 1 LS 31627 930 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 930 4 This this DT 31627 930 5 district district NN 31627 930 6 is be VBZ 31627 930 7 also also RB 31627 930 8 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 930 9 for for IN 31627 930 10 containing contain VBG 31627 930 11 several several JJ 31627 930 12 lakes lake NNS 31627 930 13 occupying occupy VBG 31627 930 14 the the DT 31627 930 15 interiors interior NNS 31627 930 16 of of IN 31627 930 17 extinct extinct JJ 31627 930 18 craters crater NNS 31627 930 19 ; ; : 31627 930 20 amongst amongst IN 31627 930 21 others other NNS 31627 930 22 , , , 31627 930 23 Lake Lake NNP 31627 930 24 Avernus Avernus NNP 31627 930 25 , , , 31627 930 26 which which WDT 31627 930 27 , , , 31627 930 28 owing owe VBG 31627 930 29 to to IN 31627 930 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 930 31 surface surface NN 31627 930 32 having have VBG 31627 930 33 been be VBN 31627 930 34 darkened darken VBN 31627 930 35 by by IN 31627 930 36 forests forest NNS 31627 930 37 , , , 31627 930 38 and and CC 31627 930 39 in in IN 31627 930 40 consequence consequence NN 31627 930 41 of of IN 31627 930 42 the the DT 31627 930 43 effluvia effluvia NNP 31627 930 44 arising arise VBG 31627 930 45 from from IN 31627 930 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 930 47 stagnant stagnant JJ 31627 930 48 waters water NNS 31627 930 49 , , , 31627 930 50 has have VBZ 31627 930 51 had have VBD 31627 930 52 imparted impart VBN 31627 930 53 to to IN 31627 930 54 it -PRON- PRP 31627 930 55 a a DT 31627 930 56 character character NN 31627 930 57 of of IN 31627 930 58 gloom gloom NN 31627 930 59 and and CC 31627 930 60 terror terror NN 31627 930 61 , , , 31627 930 62 so so IN 31627 930 63 that that IN 31627 930 64 Homer Homer NNP 31627 930 65 in in IN 31627 930 66 the the DT 31627 930 67 _ _ NNP 31627 930 68 Odyssey Odyssey NNP 31627 930 69 _ _ NNP 31627 930 70 makes make VBZ 31627 930 71 it -PRON- PRP 31627 930 72 the the DT 31627 930 73 entrance entrance NN 31627 930 74 to to IN 31627 930 75 hell hell NNP 31627 930 76 , , , 31627 930 77 and and CC 31627 930 78 describes describe VBZ 31627 930 79 the the DT 31627 930 80 visit visit NN 31627 930 81 of of IN 31627 930 82 Ulysses ulysse NNS 31627 930 83 to to IN 31627 930 84 it -PRON- PRP 31627 930 85 . . . 31627 931 1 Virgil Virgil NNP 31627 931 2 follows follow VBZ 31627 931 3 in in IN 31627 931 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 931 5 steps step NNS 31627 931 6 . . . 31627 932 1 Another another DT 31627 932 2 lake lake NN 31627 932 3 of of IN 31627 932 4 similar similar JJ 31627 932 5 origin origin NN 31627 932 6 is be VBZ 31627 932 7 Lake Lake NNP 31627 932 8 Agnano Agnano NNP 31627 932 9 . . . 31627 933 1 Here here RB 31627 933 2 also also RB 31627 933 3 is be VBZ 31627 933 4 the the DT 31627 933 5 Grotto Grotto NNP 31627 933 6 del del NNP 31627 933 7 Cane Cane NNP 31627 933 8 , , , 31627 933 9 a a DT 31627 933 10 cavern cavern NN 31627 933 11 from from IN 31627 933 12 which which WDT 31627 933 13 are be VBP 31627 933 14 constantly constantly RB 31627 933 15 issuing issue VBG 31627 933 16 volumes volume NNS 31627 933 17 of of IN 31627 933 18 carbonic carbonic JJ 31627 933 19 acid acid NN 31627 933 20 gas gas NN 31627 933 21 combined combine VBN 31627 933 22 with with IN 31627 933 23 much much JJ 31627 933 24 aqueous aqueous JJ 31627 933 25 vapour vapour NN 31627 933 26 , , , 31627 933 27 which which WDT 31627 933 28 is be VBZ 31627 933 29 condensed condense VBN 31627 933 30 by by IN 31627 933 31 the the DT 31627 933 32 coldness coldness NN 31627 933 33 of of IN 31627 933 34 the the DT 31627 933 35 external external JJ 31627 933 36 air air NN 31627 933 37 , , , 31627 933 38 thus thus RB 31627 933 39 proving prove VBG 31627 933 40 the the DT 31627 933 41 high high JJ 31627 933 42 temperature temperature NN 31627 933 43 of of IN 31627 933 44 the the DT 31627 933 45 ground ground NN 31627 933 46 from from IN 31627 933 47 which which WDT 31627 933 48 the the DT 31627 933 49 gaseous gaseous JJ 31627 933 50 vapour vapour NN 31627 933 51 issues issue NNS 31627 933 52 . . . 31627 934 1 This this DT 31627 934 2 whole whole JJ 31627 934 3 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 934 4 region region NN 31627 934 5 , , , 31627 934 6 so so CC 31627 934 7 replete replete JJ 31627 934 8 with with IN 31627 934 9 objects object NNS 31627 934 10 of of IN 31627 934 11 interest,[2 interest,[2 NN 31627 934 12 ] ] -RRB- 31627 934 13 may may MD 31627 934 14 be be VB 31627 934 15 considered consider VBN 31627 934 16 , , , 31627 934 17 as as IN 31627 934 18 regards regard VBZ 31627 934 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 934 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 934 21 character character NN 31627 934 22 , , , 31627 934 23 in in IN 31627 934 24 a a DT 31627 934 25 moribund moribund JJ 31627 934 26 condition condition NN 31627 934 27 ; ; : 31627 934 28 but but CC 31627 934 29 that that IN 31627 934 30 it -PRON- PRP 31627 934 31 is be VBZ 31627 934 32 still still RB 31627 934 33 capable capable JJ 31627 934 34 of of IN 31627 934 35 spasmodic spasmodic JJ 31627 934 36 movement movement NN 31627 934 37 is be VBZ 31627 934 38 evinced evince VBN 31627 934 39 by by IN 31627 934 40 the the DT 31627 934 41 origin origin NN 31627 934 42 of of IN 31627 934 43 Monte Monte NNP 31627 934 44 Nuovo Nuovo NNP 31627 934 45 , , , 31627 934 46 the the DT 31627 934 47 most most RBS 31627 934 48 recent recent JJ 31627 934 49 of of IN 31627 934 50 the the DT 31627 934 51 crater crater NN 31627 934 52 - - HYPH 31627 934 53 cones cone NNS 31627 934 54 of of IN 31627 934 55 the the DT 31627 934 56 district district NN 31627 934 57 . . . 31627 935 1 This this DT 31627 935 2 mountain mountain NN 31627 935 3 , , , 31627 935 4 rising rise VBG 31627 935 5 from from IN 31627 935 6 the the DT 31627 935 7 shore shore NN 31627 935 8 of of IN 31627 935 9 the the DT 31627 935 10 Bay Bay NNP 31627 935 11 of of IN 31627 935 12 Baiæ Baiæ NNP 31627 935 13 , , , 31627 935 14 was be VBD 31627 935 15 suddenly suddenly RB 31627 935 16 formed form VBN 31627 935 17 in in IN 31627 935 18 September September NNP 31627 935 19 29th 29th NN 31627 935 20 , , , 31627 935 21 1538 1538 CD 31627 935 22 , , , 31627 935 23 and and CC 31627 935 24 rises rise VBZ 31627 935 25 to to IN 31627 935 26 a a DT 31627 935 27 height height NN 31627 935 28 of of IN 31627 935 29 440 440 CD 31627 935 30 feet foot NNS 31627 935 31 above above IN 31627 935 32 the the DT 31627 935 33 sea sea NN 31627 935 34 - - HYPH 31627 935 35 level level NN 31627 935 36 . . . 31627 936 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 936 2 is be VBZ 31627 936 3 a a DT 31627 936 4 crater crater NN 31627 936 5 - - HYPH 31627 936 6 cone cone NN 31627 936 7 , , , 31627 936 8 and and CC 31627 936 9 the the DT 31627 936 10 depth depth NN 31627 936 11 of of IN 31627 936 12 the the DT 31627 936 13 crater crater NN 31627 936 14 has have VBZ 31627 936 15 been be VBN 31627 936 16 determined determine VBN 31627 936 17 by by IN 31627 936 18 the the DT 31627 936 19 Italian italian JJ 31627 936 20 mineralogist mineralogist NN 31627 936 21 Pini Pini NNP 31627 936 22 to to TO 31627 936 23 be be VB 31627 936 24 421 421 CD 31627 936 25 English english JJ 31627 936 26 feet foot NNS 31627 936 27 ; ; : 31627 936 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 936 29 bottom bottom NN 31627 936 30 is be VBZ 31627 936 31 thus thus RB 31627 936 32 only only RB 31627 936 33 19 19 CD 31627 936 34 feet foot NNS 31627 936 35 above above IN 31627 936 36 the the DT 31627 936 37 sea sea NN 31627 936 38 - - HYPH 31627 936 39 level level NN 31627 936 40 . . . 31627 937 1 A a DT 31627 937 2 portion portion NN 31627 937 3 of of IN 31627 937 4 the the DT 31627 937 5 base base NN 31627 937 6 of of IN 31627 937 7 the the DT 31627 937 8 cone cone NN 31627 937 9 is be VBZ 31627 937 10 considered consider VBN 31627 937 11 partly partly RB 31627 937 12 to to TO 31627 937 13 occupy occupy VB 31627 937 14 the the DT 31627 937 15 site site NN 31627 937 16 of of IN 31627 937 17 the the DT 31627 937 18 Lucrine Lucrine NNP 31627 937 19 Lake Lake NNP 31627 937 20 , , , 31627 937 21 which which WDT 31627 937 22 was be VBD 31627 937 23 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 937 24 nothing nothing NN 31627 937 25 more more JJR 31627 937 26 than than IN 31627 937 27 the the DT 31627 937 28 crater crater NN 31627 937 29 of of IN 31627 937 30 a a DT 31627 937 31 pre pre JJ 31627 937 32 - - JJ 31627 937 33 existent existent JJ 31627 937 34 volcano volcano NN 31627 937 35 , , , 31627 937 36 and and CC 31627 937 37 was be VBD 31627 937 38 almost almost RB 31627 937 39 entirely entirely RB 31627 937 40 filled fill VBN 31627 937 41 up up RP 31627 937 42 during during IN 31627 937 43 the the DT 31627 937 44 explosion explosion NN 31627 937 45 of of IN 31627 937 46 1538 1538 CD 31627 937 47 . . . 31627 938 1 Monte Monte NNP 31627 938 2 Nuovo Nuovo NNP 31627 938 3 is be VBZ 31627 938 4 composed compose VBN 31627 938 5 of of IN 31627 938 6 ashes ashe NNS 31627 938 7 , , , 31627 938 8 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 938 9 , , , 31627 938 10 and and CC 31627 938 11 pumice pumice NN 31627 938 12 - - HYPH 31627 938 13 stones stone NNS 31627 938 14 ; ; : 31627 938 15 and and CC 31627 938 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 938 17 sudden sudden JJ 31627 938 18 formation formation NN 31627 938 19 , , , 31627 938 20 heralded herald VBN 31627 938 21 by by IN 31627 938 22 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 938 23 , , , 31627 938 24 and and CC 31627 938 25 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 938 26 by by IN 31627 938 27 the the DT 31627 938 28 ejection ejection NN 31627 938 29 of of IN 31627 938 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 938 31 matter matter NN 31627 938 32 mixed mix VBN 31627 938 33 with with IN 31627 938 34 fire fire NN 31627 938 35 and and CC 31627 938 36 water water NN 31627 938 37 , , , 31627 938 38 is be VBZ 31627 938 39 recorded record VBN 31627 938 40 by by IN 31627 938 41 Falconi Falconi NNP 31627 938 42 , , , 31627 938 43 who who WP 31627 938 44 vividly vividly RB 31627 938 45 depicts depict VBZ 31627 938 46 the the DT 31627 938 47 terror terror NN 31627 938 48 and and CC 31627 938 49 consternation consternation NN 31627 938 50 of of IN 31627 938 51 the the DT 31627 938 52 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 938 53 of of IN 31627 938 54 the the DT 31627 938 55 surrounding surround VBG 31627 938 56 country country NN 31627 938 57 produced produce VBN 31627 938 58 by by IN 31627 938 59 this this DT 31627 938 60 sudden sudden JJ 31627 938 61 and and CC 31627 938 62 terrible terrible JJ 31627 938 63 outburst outburst NN 31627 938 64 of of IN 31627 938 65 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 938 66 forces force NNS 31627 938 67 . . . 31627 939 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 939 2 3 3 CD 31627 939 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 939 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 939 5 _ _ NNP 31627 939 6 b. b. NNP 31627 939 7 _ _ NNP 31627 939 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 939 9 _ _ NNP 31627 939 10 Central Central NNP 31627 939 11 Italy Italy NNP 31627 939 12 and and CC 31627 939 13 the the DT 31627 939 14 Roman Roman NNP 31627 939 15 States._--The States._--The NNP 31627 939 16 tract tract NN 31627 939 17 bordering border VBG 31627 939 18 the the DT 31627 939 19 western western JJ 31627 939 20 slopes slope NNS 31627 939 21 of of IN 31627 939 22 the the DT 31627 939 23 Apennines Apennines NNPS 31627 939 24 northward northward RB 31627 939 25 from from IN 31627 939 26 Naples Naples NNP 31627 939 27 into into IN 31627 939 28 Tuscany Tuscany NNP 31627 939 29 , , , 31627 939 30 and and CC 31627 939 31 including include VBG 31627 939 32 the the DT 31627 939 33 Roman Roman NNP 31627 939 34 States States NNP 31627 939 35 , , , 31627 939 36 is be VBZ 31627 939 37 characterised characterise VBN 31627 939 38 by by IN 31627 939 39 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 939 40 rocks rock NNS 31627 939 41 and and CC 31627 939 42 physical physical JJ 31627 939 43 features feature NNS 31627 939 44 of of IN 31627 939 45 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 939 46 interest interest NN 31627 939 47 and and CC 31627 939 48 variety variety NN 31627 939 49 . . . 31627 940 1 These these DT 31627 940 2 occur occur VBP 31627 940 3 in in IN 31627 940 4 the the DT 31627 940 5 form form NN 31627 940 6 of of IN 31627 940 7 extinct extinct JJ 31627 940 8 craters crater NNS 31627 940 9 , , , 31627 940 10 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 940 11 filled fill VBN 31627 940 12 with with IN 31627 940 13 water water NN 31627 940 14 , , , 31627 940 15 and and CC 31627 940 16 thus thus RB 31627 940 17 converted convert VBD 31627 940 18 into into IN 31627 940 19 circular circular JJ 31627 940 20 lakes lake NNS 31627 940 21 ; ; : 31627 940 22 or or CC 31627 940 23 of of IN 31627 940 24 extensive extensive JJ 31627 940 25 sheets sheet NNS 31627 940 26 and and CC 31627 940 27 conical conical JJ 31627 940 28 hills hill NNS 31627 940 29 of of IN 31627 940 30 tuff tuff NNP 31627 940 31 ; ; : 31627 940 32 or or CC 31627 940 33 , , , 31627 940 34 finally finally RB 31627 940 35 , , , 31627 940 36 of of IN 31627 940 37 old old JJ 31627 940 38 necks neck NNS 31627 940 39 and and CC 31627 940 40 masses masse NNS 31627 940 41 of of IN 31627 940 42 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 940 43 and and CC 31627 940 44 basalt basalt NN 31627 940 45 , , , 31627 940 46 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 940 47 exhibiting exhibit VBG 31627 940 48 the the DT 31627 940 49 columnar columnar JJ 31627 940 50 structure structure NN 31627 940 51 . . . 31627 941 1 The the DT 31627 941 2 Eternal Eternal NNP 31627 941 3 City City NNP 31627 941 4 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 941 5 is be VBZ 31627 941 6 built build VBN 31627 941 7 on on IN 31627 941 8 hills hill NNS 31627 941 9 of of IN 31627 941 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 941 11 material material NN 31627 941 12 which which WDT 31627 941 13 some some DT 31627 941 14 observers observer NNS 31627 941 15 have have VBP 31627 941 16 supposed suppose VBN 31627 941 17 to to TO 31627 941 18 be be VB 31627 941 19 the the DT 31627 941 20 crater crater NN 31627 941 21 of of IN 31627 941 22 a a DT 31627 941 23 great great JJ 31627 941 24 volcano volcano NN 31627 941 25 ; ; : 31627 941 26 but but CC 31627 941 27 Ponzi Ponzi NNP 31627 941 28 , , , 31627 941 29 Brocchi Brocchi NNP 31627 941 30 , , , 31627 941 31 and and CC 31627 941 32 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 941 33 all all DT 31627 941 34 concur concur VBP 31627 941 35 in in IN 31627 941 36 the the DT 31627 941 37 opinion opinion NN 31627 941 38 that that IN 31627 941 39 this this DT 31627 941 40 is be VBZ 31627 941 41 not not RB 31627 941 42 the the DT 31627 941 43 case case NN 31627 941 44 , , , 31627 941 45 as as IN 31627 941 46 will will MD 31627 941 47 clearly clearly RB 31627 941 48 appear appear VB 31627 941 49 from from IN 31627 941 50 the the DT 31627 941 51 following follow VBG 31627 941 52 account account NN 31627 941 53 . . . 31627 942 1 The the DT 31627 942 2 geological geological JJ 31627 942 3 structure structure NN 31627 942 4 of of IN 31627 942 5 the the DT 31627 942 6 valley valley NN 31627 942 7 of of IN 31627 942 8 the the DT 31627 942 9 Tiber Tiber NNP 31627 942 10 at at IN 31627 942 11 Rome Rome NNP 31627 942 12 is be VBZ 31627 942 13 very very RB 31627 942 14 clearly clearly RB 31627 942 15 described describe VBN 31627 942 16 by by IN 31627 942 17 Professor Professor NNP 31627 942 18 Ponzi Ponzi NNP 31627 942 19 in in IN 31627 942 20 a a DT 31627 942 21 memoir memoir NN 31627 942 22 published publish VBN 31627 942 23 in in IN 31627 942 24 1850 1850 CD 31627 942 25 , , , 31627 942 26 from from IN 31627 942 27 which which WDT 31627 942 28 the the DT 31627 942 29 accompanying accompanying JJ 31627 942 30 section section NN 31627 942 31 is be VBZ 31627 942 32 taken take VBN 31627 942 33 . . . 31627 943 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 943 2 4 4 CD 31627 943 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 943 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 943 5 Fig fig NN 31627 943 6 . . . 31627 944 1 16 16 CD 31627 944 2 . . . 31627 944 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 945 1 From from IN 31627 945 2 this this DT 31627 945 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 945 4 will will MD 31627 945 5 be be VB 31627 945 6 seen see VBN 31627 945 7 that that IN 31627 945 8 " " `` 31627 945 9 the the DT 31627 945 10 Seven Seven NNP 31627 945 11 - - HYPH 31627 945 12 hilled hill VBN 31627 945 13 City City NNP 31627 945 14 " " '' 31627 945 15 is be VBZ 31627 945 16 built build VBN 31627 945 17 upon upon IN 31627 945 18 promontories promontory NNS 31627 945 19 of of IN 31627 945 20 stratified stratified JJ 31627 945 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 945 22 tuff tuff NN 31627 945 23 , , , 31627 945 24 of of IN 31627 945 25 which which WDT 31627 945 26 the the DT 31627 945 27 Campagna Campagna NNP 31627 945 28 is be VBZ 31627 945 29 formed form VBN 31627 945 30 , , , 31627 945 31 breaking break VBG 31627 945 32 off off RP 31627 945 33 along along IN 31627 945 34 the the DT 31627 945 35 banks bank NNS 31627 945 36 of of IN 31627 945 37 the the DT 31627 945 38 Tiber Tiber NNP 31627 945 39 , , , 31627 945 40 the the DT 31627 945 41 hills hill NNS 31627 945 42 being be VBG 31627 945 43 the the DT 31627 945 44 result result NN 31627 945 45 of of IN 31627 945 46 the the DT 31627 945 47 erosion erosion NN 31627 945 48 , , , 31627 945 49 or or CC 31627 945 50 denudation denudation NN 31627 945 51 , , , 31627 945 52 of of IN 31627 945 53 the the DT 31627 945 54 strata strata NN 31627 945 55 along along IN 31627 945 56 the the DT 31627 945 57 side side NN 31627 945 58 of of IN 31627 945 59 the the DT 31627 945 60 river river NN 31627 945 61 valley valley NN 31627 945 62 . . . 31627 946 1 As as IN 31627 946 2 the the DT 31627 946 3 strata strata NN 31627 946 4 dip dip NN 31627 946 5 from from IN 31627 946 6 west west NNP 31627 946 7 to to IN 31627 946 8 east east NN 31627 946 9 across across IN 31627 946 10 the the DT 31627 946 11 course course NN 31627 946 12 of of IN 31627 946 13 the the DT 31627 946 14 river river NN 31627 946 15 , , , 31627 946 16 it -PRON- PRP 31627 946 17 follows follow VBZ 31627 946 18 that that IN 31627 946 19 those those DT 31627 946 20 on on IN 31627 946 21 the the DT 31627 946 22 western western JJ 31627 946 23 banks bank NNS 31627 946 24 are be VBP 31627 946 25 below below IN 31627 946 26 those those DT 31627 946 27 on on IN 31627 946 28 the the DT 31627 946 29 opposite opposite JJ 31627 946 30 side side NN 31627 946 31 ; ; : 31627 946 32 and and CC 31627 946 33 thus thus RB 31627 946 34 the the DT 31627 946 35 marine marine JJ 31627 946 36 sands sands NNPS 31627 946 37 and and CC 31627 946 38 marls marl NNS 31627 946 39 which which WDT 31627 946 40 underlie underlie VBP 31627 946 41 the the DT 31627 946 42 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 946 43 tuff tuff NN 31627 946 44 , , , 31627 946 45 and and CC 31627 946 46 are be VBP 31627 946 47 concealed conceal VBN 31627 946 48 by by IN 31627 946 49 it -PRON- PRP 31627 946 50 along along IN 31627 946 51 the the DT 31627 946 52 eastern eastern JJ 31627 946 53 side side NN 31627 946 54 of of IN 31627 946 55 the the DT 31627 946 56 valley valley NN 31627 946 57 , , , 31627 946 58 emerge emerge NN 31627 946 59 on on IN 31627 946 60 the the DT 31627 946 61 west west NN 31627 946 62 , , , 31627 946 63 and and CC 31627 946 64 form form VB 31627 946 65 the the DT 31627 946 66 range range NN 31627 946 67 of of IN 31627 946 68 hills hill NNS 31627 946 69 on on IN 31627 946 70 that that DT 31627 946 71 side side NN 31627 946 72 . . . 31627 947 1 Such such JJ 31627 947 2 being be VBG 31627 947 3 the the DT 31627 947 4 structure structure NN 31627 947 5 of of IN 31627 947 6 the the DT 31627 947 7 formations formation NNS 31627 947 8 under under IN 31627 947 9 Rome Rome NNP 31627 947 10 , , , 31627 947 11 it -PRON- PRP 31627 947 12 is be VBZ 31627 947 13 evident evident JJ 31627 947 14 that that IN 31627 947 15 it -PRON- PRP 31627 947 16 is be VBZ 31627 947 17 not not RB 31627 947 18 " " `` 31627 947 19 built build VBN 31627 947 20 on on IN 31627 947 21 a a DT 31627 947 22 volcano volcano NN 31627 947 23 . . . 31627 947 24 " " '' 31627 948 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 948 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 948 3 : : : 31627 948 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 948 5 . . . 31627 949 1 16.--Geological 16.--geological CD 31627 949 2 Section section NN 31627 949 3 across across IN 31627 949 4 the the DT 31627 949 5 Valley Valley NNP 31627 949 6 of of IN 31627 949 7 the the DT 31627 949 8 Tiber Tiber NNP 31627 949 9 at at IN 31627 949 10 Rome Rome NNP 31627 949 11 . . . 31627 950 1 1 1 LS 31627 950 2 . . . 31627 951 1 Alluvium alluvium NN 31627 951 2 of of IN 31627 951 3 the the DT 31627 951 4 Tiber Tiber NNP 31627 951 5 ; ; : 31627 951 6 2 2 CD 31627 951 7 . . . 31627 952 1 Diluvium diluvium NN 31627 952 2 ; ; : 31627 952 3 3 3 CD 31627 952 4 . . . 31627 953 1 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 953 2 tuff tuff NNP 31627 953 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 953 4 recent recent JJ 31627 953 5 deposits deposit NNS 31627 953 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 953 7 ; ; : 31627 953 8 4 4 LS 31627 953 9 . . . 31627 954 1 Sands sand NNS 31627 954 2 , , , 31627 954 3 etc etc FW 31627 954 4 . . . 31627 955 1 ; ; : 31627 955 2 5 5 CD 31627 955 3 . . . 31627 956 1 Blue blue JJ 31627 956 2 marl marl NN 31627 956 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 956 4 sub sub JJ 31627 956 5 - - JJ 31627 956 6 Apennine apennine JJ 31627 956 7 deposits deposit NNS 31627 956 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 956 9 . . . 31627 956 10 ] ] -RRB- 31627 957 1 The the DT 31627 957 2 tuff tuff NN 31627 957 3 contains contain VBZ 31627 957 4 fragments fragment NNS 31627 957 5 of of IN 31627 957 6 lava lava NN 31627 957 7 and and CC 31627 957 8 pebbles pebble NNS 31627 957 9 of of IN 31627 957 10 Apennine Apennine NNP 31627 957 11 limestone limestone NN 31627 957 12 , , , 31627 957 13 and and CC 31627 957 14 was be VBD 31627 957 15 deposited deposit VBN 31627 957 16 under under IN 31627 957 17 the the DT 31627 957 18 waters water NNS 31627 957 19 of of IN 31627 957 20 an an DT 31627 957 21 extensive extensive JJ 31627 957 22 lake lake NN 31627 957 23 at at IN 31627 957 24 a a DT 31627 957 25 time time NN 31627 957 26 when when WRB 31627 957 27 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 957 28 action action NN 31627 957 29 was be VBD 31627 957 30 rife rife JJ 31627 957 31 amidst amidst IN 31627 957 32 the the DT 31627 957 33 Alban Alban NNP 31627 957 34 Hills Hills NNP 31627 957 35 . . . 31627 958 1 This this DT 31627 958 2 lacustrine lacustrine NN 31627 958 3 formation formation NN 31627 958 4 rests rest NNS 31627 958 5 in in IN 31627 958 6 turn turn NN 31627 958 7 on on IN 31627 958 8 deposits deposit NNS 31627 958 9 of of IN 31627 958 10 marine marine JJ 31627 958 11 origin origin NN 31627 958 12 , , , 31627 958 13 containing contain VBG 31627 958 14 oysters oyster NNS 31627 958 15 , , , 31627 958 16 patellæ patellæ NNS 31627 958 17 , , , 31627 958 18 and and CC 31627 958 19 other other JJ 31627 958 20 sea sea NN 31627 958 21 - - HYPH 31627 958 22 shells shell NNS 31627 958 23 , , , 31627 958 24 of of IN 31627 958 25 which which WDT 31627 958 26 the the DT 31627 958 27 chain chain NN 31627 958 28 of of IN 31627 958 29 hills hill NNS 31627 958 30 on on IN 31627 958 31 the the DT 31627 958 32 right right JJ 31627 958 33 bank bank NN 31627 958 34 of of IN 31627 958 35 the the DT 31627 958 36 Tiber Tiber NNP 31627 958 37 is be VBZ 31627 958 38 chiefly chiefly RB 31627 958 39 formed form VBN 31627 958 40 . . . 31627 959 1 The the DT 31627 959 2 district district NN 31627 959 3 around around IN 31627 959 4 Albano Albano NNP 31627 959 5 lying lie VBG 31627 959 6 to to IN 31627 959 7 the the DT 31627 959 8 south south NN 31627 959 9 of of IN 31627 959 10 Rome Rome NNP 31627 959 11 is be VBZ 31627 959 12 of of IN 31627 959 13 peculiar peculiar JJ 31627 959 14 interest interest NN 31627 959 15 from from IN 31627 959 16 the the DT 31627 959 17 assemblage assemblage NN 31627 959 18 of of IN 31627 959 19 old old JJ 31627 959 20 crater crater NN 31627 959 21 - - HYPH 31627 959 22 lakes lake NNS 31627 959 23 which which WDT 31627 959 24 it -PRON- PRP 31627 959 25 contains contain VBZ 31627 959 26 ; ; : 31627 959 27 as as IN 31627 959 28 , , , 31627 959 29 for for IN 31627 959 30 instance instance NN 31627 959 31 , , , 31627 959 32 those those DT 31627 959 33 of of IN 31627 959 34 Albano Albano NNP 31627 959 35 , , , 31627 959 36 Vallariccia Vallariccia NNP 31627 959 37 , , , 31627 959 38 Nemi Nemi NNP 31627 959 39 , , , 31627 959 40 Juturna Juturna NNP 31627 959 41 , , , 31627 959 42 and and CC 31627 959 43 the the DT 31627 959 44 lake lake NN 31627 959 45 of of IN 31627 959 46 Gabii Gabii NNP 31627 959 47 . . . 31627 960 1 The the DT 31627 960 2 lake lake NN 31627 960 3 of of IN 31627 960 4 Albano Albano NNP 31627 960 5 , , , 31627 960 6 one one CD 31627 960 7 of of IN 31627 960 8 the the DT 31627 960 9 most most RBS 31627 960 10 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 960 11 sheets sheet NNS 31627 960 12 of of IN 31627 960 13 water water NN 31627 960 14 in in IN 31627 960 15 the the DT 31627 960 16 world world NN 31627 960 17 , , , 31627 960 18 is be VBZ 31627 960 19 about about RB 31627 960 20 six six CD 31627 960 21 miles mile NNS 31627 960 22 in in IN 31627 960 23 circumference circumference NN 31627 960 24 , , , 31627 960 25 and and CC 31627 960 26 surrounded surround VBN 31627 960 27 by by IN 31627 960 28 beds bed NNS 31627 960 29 of of IN 31627 960 30 peperino peperino NN 31627 960 31 , , , 31627 960 32 a a DT 31627 960 33 variety variety NN 31627 960 34 of of IN 31627 960 35 tuff tuff NNP 31627 960 36 presenting present VBG 31627 960 37 a a DT 31627 960 38 bright bright JJ 31627 960 39 , , , 31627 960 40 undecomposed undecomposed JJ 31627 960 41 aspect aspect NN 31627 960 42 when when WRB 31627 960 43 newly newly RB 31627 960 44 broken break VBN 31627 960 45 . . . 31627 961 1 The the DT 31627 961 2 level level NN 31627 961 3 of of IN 31627 961 4 this this DT 31627 961 5 lake lake NN 31627 961 6 was be VBD 31627 961 7 lowered lower VBN 31627 961 8 by by IN 31627 961 9 the the DT 31627 961 10 Romans Romans NNPS 31627 961 11 during during IN 31627 961 12 the the DT 31627 961 13 siege siege NN 31627 961 14 of of IN 31627 961 15 Veii Veii NNP 31627 961 16 by by IN 31627 961 17 means mean NNS 31627 961 18 of of IN 31627 961 19 a a DT 31627 961 20 tunnel tunnel NN 31627 961 21 , , , 31627 961 22 so so IN 31627 961 23 that that IN 31627 961 24 the the DT 31627 961 25 waters water NNS 31627 961 26 are be VBP 31627 961 27 200 200 CD 31627 961 28 feet foot NNS 31627 961 29 lower low JJR 31627 961 30 than than IN 31627 961 31 the the DT 31627 961 32 level level NN 31627 961 33 at at IN 31627 961 34 which which WDT 31627 961 35 they -PRON- PRP 31627 961 36 originally originally RB 31627 961 37 stood stand VBD 31627 961 38 . . . 31627 962 1 In in IN 31627 962 2 the the DT 31627 962 3 same same JJ 31627 962 4 district district NN 31627 962 5 is be VBZ 31627 962 6 the the DT 31627 962 7 lake lake NN 31627 962 8 of of IN 31627 962 9 Nemi Nemi NNP 31627 962 10 , , , 31627 962 11 very very RB 31627 962 12 regular regular JJ 31627 962 13 in in IN 31627 962 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 962 15 circular circular JJ 31627 962 16 outline outline NN 31627 962 17 ; ; : 31627 962 18 that that DT 31627 962 19 of of IN 31627 962 20 Juturna Juturna NNP 31627 962 21 lying lie VBG 31627 962 22 near near IN 31627 962 23 the the DT 31627 962 24 foot foot NN 31627 962 25 of of IN 31627 962 26 the the DT 31627 962 27 Alban Alban NNP 31627 962 28 Hills Hills NNPS 31627 962 29 , , , 31627 962 30 and and CC 31627 962 31 that that DT 31627 962 32 of of IN 31627 962 33 Ariccia Ariccia NNP 31627 962 34 lying lie VBG 31627 962 35 in in IN 31627 962 36 a a DT 31627 962 37 deep deep JJ 31627 962 38 hollow hollow JJ 31627 962 39 eight eight CD 31627 962 40 miles mile NNS 31627 962 41 in in IN 31627 962 42 circumference;--all circumference;--all : 31627 962 43 may may MD 31627 962 44 be be VB 31627 962 45 supposed suppose VBN 31627 962 46 to to TO 31627 962 47 have have VB 31627 962 48 been be VBN 31627 962 49 the the DT 31627 962 50 craters crater NNS 31627 962 51 of of IN 31627 962 52 extinct extinct JJ 31627 962 53 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 962 54 , , , 31627 962 55 both both CC 31627 962 56 by by IN 31627 962 57 reason reason NN 31627 962 58 of of IN 31627 962 59 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 962 60 shape shape NN 31627 962 61 and and CC 31627 962 62 of of IN 31627 962 63 the the DT 31627 962 64 materials material NNS 31627 962 65 of of IN 31627 962 66 which which WDT 31627 962 67 they -PRON- PRP 31627 962 68 are be VBP 31627 962 69 formed form VBN 31627 962 70 . . . 31627 963 1 All all PDT 31627 963 2 these these DT 31627 963 3 old old JJ 31627 963 4 craters crater NNS 31627 963 5 are be VBP 31627 963 6 , , , 31627 963 7 however however RB 31627 963 8 , , , 31627 963 9 according accord VBG 31627 963 10 to to IN 31627 963 11 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 963 12 , , , 31627 963 13 " " '' 31627 963 14 only only RB 31627 963 15 the the DT 31627 963 16 dependencies dependency NNS 31627 963 17 and and CC 31627 963 18 offshoots offshoot NNS 31627 963 19 , , , 31627 963 20 as as IN 31627 963 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 963 22 were be VBD 31627 963 23 , , , 31627 963 24 of of IN 31627 963 25 the the DT 31627 963 26 great great JJ 31627 963 27 extinct extinct JJ 31627 963 28 volcano volcano NN 31627 963 29 , , , 31627 963 30 the the DT 31627 963 31 traces trace NNS 31627 963 32 of of IN 31627 963 33 which which WDT 31627 963 34 still still RB 31627 963 35 remain remain VBP 31627 963 36 upon upon IN 31627 963 37 the the DT 31627 963 38 summit summit NN 31627 963 39 of of IN 31627 963 40 the the DT 31627 963 41 Alban Alban NNP 31627 963 42 Hills Hills NNPS 31627 963 43 , , , 31627 963 44 and and CC 31627 963 45 which which WDT 31627 963 46 is be VBZ 31627 963 47 comparable comparable JJ 31627 963 48 in in IN 31627 963 49 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 963 50 form form NN 31627 963 51 to to IN 31627 963 52 that that DT 31627 963 53 of of IN 31627 963 54 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 963 55 , , , 31627 963 56 as as IN 31627 963 57 it -PRON- PRP 31627 963 58 is be VBZ 31627 963 59 surrounded surround VBN 31627 963 60 by by IN 31627 963 61 an an DT 31627 963 62 outer outer JJ 31627 963 63 circle circle NN 31627 963 64 of of IN 31627 963 65 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 963 66 rock rock NN 31627 963 67 comparable comparable JJ 31627 963 68 to to IN 31627 963 69 that that DT 31627 963 70 of of IN 31627 963 71 Somma Somma NNP 31627 963 72 . . . 31627 964 1 " " `` 31627 964 2 [ [ -LRB- 31627 964 3 5 5 CD 31627 964 4 ] ] -RRB- 31627 964 5 To to IN 31627 964 6 the the DT 31627 964 7 north north NN 31627 964 8 of of IN 31627 964 9 the the DT 31627 964 10 city city NN 31627 964 11 of of IN 31627 964 12 Rome Rome NNP 31627 964 13 are be VBP 31627 964 14 several several JJ 31627 964 15 crateriform crateriform NNP 31627 964 16 lakes lake NNS 31627 964 17 , , , 31627 964 18 some some DT 31627 964 19 of of IN 31627 964 20 which which WDT 31627 964 21 are be VBP 31627 964 22 of of IN 31627 964 23 great great JJ 31627 964 24 size size NN 31627 964 25 , , , 31627 964 26 such such JJ 31627 964 27 as as IN 31627 964 28 that that DT 31627 964 29 of of IN 31627 964 30 Bolsena Bolsena NNP 31627 964 31 , , , 31627 964 32 over over IN 31627 964 33 twenty twenty CD 31627 964 34 miles mile NNS 31627 964 35 in in IN 31627 964 36 circumference circumference NN 31627 964 37 , , , 31627 964 38 and and CC 31627 964 39 the the DT 31627 964 40 Lago Lago NNP 31627 964 41 di di FW 31627 964 42 Bracciano Bracciano NNP 31627 964 43 , , , 31627 964 44 almost almost RB 31627 964 45 as as IN 31627 964 46 large large JJ 31627 964 47 , , , 31627 964 48 and and CC 31627 964 49 lying lie VBG 31627 964 50 about about RB 31627 964 51 twelve twelve CD 31627 964 52 miles mile NNS 31627 964 53 from from IN 31627 964 54 the the DT 31627 964 55 city city NN 31627 964 56 . . . 31627 965 1 These these DT 31627 965 2 extensive extensive JJ 31627 965 3 sheets sheet NNS 31627 965 4 of of IN 31627 965 5 water water NN 31627 965 6 are be VBP 31627 965 7 surrounded surround VBN 31627 965 8 by by IN 31627 965 9 banks bank NNS 31627 965 10 of of IN 31627 965 11 tuff tuff NNP 31627 965 12 and and CC 31627 965 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 965 14 sand sand NN 31627 965 15 , , , 31627 965 16 in in IN 31627 965 17 which which WDT 31627 965 18 fragments fragment NNS 31627 965 19 of of IN 31627 965 20 augite augite NNP 31627 965 21 , , , 31627 965 22 leucite leucite JJ 31627 965 23 , , , 31627 965 24 and and CC 31627 965 25 crystals crystal NNS 31627 965 26 of of IN 31627 965 27 titanite titanite NNP 31627 965 28 are be VBP 31627 965 29 distributed distribute VBN 31627 965 30 . . . 31627 966 1 The the DT 31627 966 2 town town NN 31627 966 3 of of IN 31627 966 4 Viterbo Viterbo NNP 31627 966 5 is be VBZ 31627 966 6 built build VBN 31627 966 7 up up RP 31627 966 8 at at IN 31627 966 9 the the DT 31627 966 10 foot foot NN 31627 966 11 of of IN 31627 966 12 a a DT 31627 966 13 steep steep JJ 31627 966 14 hill hill NN 31627 966 15 called call VBN 31627 966 16 Monte Monte NNP 31627 966 17 Cimini Cimini NNP 31627 966 18 , , , 31627 966 19 the the DT 31627 966 20 lower low JJR 31627 966 21 part part NN 31627 966 22 of of IN 31627 966 23 which which WDT 31627 966 24 is be VBZ 31627 966 25 composed compose VBN 31627 966 26 of of IN 31627 966 27 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 966 28 ; ; : 31627 966 29 this this DT 31627 966 30 is be VBZ 31627 966 31 surmounted surmount VBN 31627 966 32 by by IN 31627 966 33 tuff tuff NNP 31627 966 34 , , , 31627 966 35 which which WDT 31627 966 36 appears appear VBZ 31627 966 37 to to TO 31627 966 38 have have VB 31627 966 39 been be VBN 31627 966 40 ejected eject VBN 31627 966 41 from from IN 31627 966 42 an an DT 31627 966 43 extinct extinct JJ 31627 966 44 crater crater NN 31627 966 45 occupying occupy VBG 31627 966 46 the the DT 31627 966 47 summit summit NN 31627 966 48 of of IN 31627 966 49 the the DT 31627 966 50 mountain mountain NN 31627 966 51 , , , 31627 966 52 and and CC 31627 966 53 now now RB 31627 966 54 converted convert VBD 31627 966 55 into into IN 31627 966 56 a a DT 31627 966 57 lake lake NN 31627 966 58 called call VBN 31627 966 59 the the DT 31627 966 60 Lake Lake NNP 31627 966 61 of of IN 31627 966 62 Vico Vico NNP 31627 966 63 . . . 31627 967 1 This this DT 31627 967 2 crater crater NN 31627 967 3 is be VBZ 31627 967 4 perfectly perfectly RB 31627 967 5 circular circular JJ 31627 967 6 , , , 31627 967 7 and and CC 31627 967 8 from from IN 31627 967 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 967 10 centre centre NN 31627 967 11 rises rise VBZ 31627 967 12 a a DT 31627 967 13 little little JJ 31627 967 14 conical conical JJ 31627 967 15 hill hill NN 31627 967 16 covered cover VBN 31627 967 17 by by IN 31627 967 18 trees tree NNS 31627 967 19 . . . 31627 968 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 968 2 _ _ NNP 31627 968 3 c. c. NNP 31627 968 4 _ _ NNP 31627 968 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 968 6 _ _ NNP 31627 968 7 Physical Physical NNP 31627 968 8 History._--Space History._--Space NNP 31627 968 9 does do VBZ 31627 968 10 not not RB 31627 968 11 permit permit VB 31627 968 12 of of IN 31627 968 13 a a DT 31627 968 14 fuller full JJR 31627 968 15 description description NN 31627 968 16 of of IN 31627 968 17 the the DT 31627 968 18 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 968 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 968 20 features feature NNS 31627 968 21 of of IN 31627 968 22 the the DT 31627 968 23 tract tract NN 31627 968 24 lying lie VBG 31627 968 25 along along IN 31627 968 26 the the DT 31627 968 27 western western JJ 31627 968 28 slope slope NN 31627 968 29 of of IN 31627 968 30 the the DT 31627 968 31 Apennines Apennines NNPS 31627 968 32 ; ; : 31627 968 33 but but CC 31627 968 34 from from IN 31627 968 35 what what WP 31627 968 36 has have VBZ 31627 968 37 been be VBN 31627 968 38 stated state VBN 31627 968 39 it -PRON- PRP 31627 968 40 will will MD 31627 968 41 be be VB 31627 968 42 clear clear JJ 31627 968 43 that that IN 31627 968 44 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 968 45 forces force NNS 31627 968 46 have have VBP 31627 968 47 been be VBN 31627 968 48 in in IN 31627 968 49 operation operation NN 31627 968 50 at at IN 31627 968 51 one one CD 31627 968 52 time time NN 31627 968 53 on on IN 31627 968 54 a a DT 31627 968 55 grand grand JJ 31627 968 56 scale scale NN 31627 968 57 in in IN 31627 968 58 the the DT 31627 968 59 Roman Roman NNP 31627 968 60 States States NNP 31627 968 61 and and CC 31627 968 62 the the DT 31627 968 63 South South NNP 31627 968 64 of of IN 31627 968 65 Tuscany Tuscany NNP 31627 968 66 , , , 31627 968 67 over over IN 31627 968 68 a a DT 31627 968 69 tract tract NN 31627 968 70 extending extend VBG 31627 968 71 from from IN 31627 968 72 Mount Mount NNP 31627 968 73 Annato Annato NNP 31627 968 74 to to IN 31627 968 75 Velletri Velletri NNP 31627 968 76 and and CC 31627 968 77 Segni Segni NNP 31627 968 78 . . . 31627 969 1 This this DT 31627 969 2 tract tract NN 31627 969 3 was be VBD 31627 969 4 separated separate VBN 31627 969 5 from from IN 31627 969 6 that that DT 31627 969 7 of of IN 31627 969 8 the the DT 31627 969 9 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP 31627 969 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 969 11 region region NN 31627 969 12 by by IN 31627 969 13 a a DT 31627 969 14 range range NN 31627 969 15 of of IN 31627 969 16 limestone limestone NN 31627 969 17 hills hill NNS 31627 969 18 of of IN 31627 969 19 Jurassic Jurassic NNP 31627 969 20 age age NN 31627 969 21 between between IN 31627 969 22 Segni Segni NNP 31627 969 23 and and CC 31627 969 24 Gaeta Gaeta NNP 31627 969 25 , , , 31627 969 26 a a DT 31627 969 27 protrusion protrusion NN 31627 969 28 of of IN 31627 969 29 the the DT 31627 969 30 Alban Alban NNP 31627 969 31 Hills Hills NNPS 31627 969 32 westward westward RB 31627 969 33 ; ; : 31627 969 34 but but CC 31627 969 35 the the DT 31627 969 36 general general JJ 31627 969 37 structure structure NN 31627 969 38 and and CC 31627 969 39 physical physical JJ 31627 969 40 history history NN 31627 969 41 of of IN 31627 969 42 both both DT 31627 969 43 regions region NNS 31627 969 44 are be VBP 31627 969 45 probably probably RB 31627 969 46 very very RB 31627 969 47 similar similar JJ 31627 969 48 , , , 31627 969 49 with with IN 31627 969 50 the the DT 31627 969 51 exception exception NN 31627 969 52 that that WDT 31627 969 53 the the DT 31627 969 54 igneous igneous JJ 31627 969 55 forces force NNS 31627 969 56 still still RB 31627 969 57 retain retain VBP 31627 969 58 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 969 59 vitality vitality NN 31627 969 60 in in IN 31627 969 61 the the DT 31627 969 62 more more RBR 31627 969 63 southerly southerly RB 31627 969 64 region region NN 31627 969 65 . . . 31627 970 1 In in IN 31627 970 2 the the DT 31627 970 3 case case NN 31627 970 4 of of IN 31627 970 5 the the DT 31627 970 6 Roman roman JJ 31627 970 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 970 8 district district NN 31627 970 9 , , , 31627 970 10 a a DT 31627 970 11 bay bay NN 31627 970 12 seems seem VBZ 31627 970 13 to to TO 31627 970 14 have have VB 31627 970 15 been be VBN 31627 970 16 formed form VBN 31627 970 17 about about IN 31627 970 18 the the DT 31627 970 19 close close NN 31627 970 20 of of IN 31627 970 21 the the DT 31627 970 22 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 970 23 period period NN 31627 970 24 , , , 31627 970 25 bounded bound VBN 31627 970 26 on on IN 31627 970 27 all all DT 31627 970 28 sides side NNS 31627 970 29 but but CC 31627 970 30 the the DT 31627 970 31 west west NN 31627 970 32 by by IN 31627 970 33 hills hill NNS 31627 970 34 of of IN 31627 970 35 limestone limestone NN 31627 970 36 , , , 31627 970 37 over over IN 31627 970 38 whose whose WP$ 31627 970 39 bed bed NN 31627 970 40 strata strata NN 31627 970 41 of of IN 31627 970 42 marl marl NNP 31627 970 43 , , , 31627 970 44 sandstone sandstone NN 31627 970 45 , , , 31627 970 46 and and CC 31627 970 47 conglomerate conglomerate NN 31627 970 48 were be VBD 31627 970 49 deposited deposit VBN 31627 970 50 . . . 31627 971 1 This this DT 31627 971 2 tract tract NN 31627 971 3 was be VBD 31627 971 4 converted convert VBN 31627 971 5 by by IN 31627 971 6 subsequent subsequent JJ 31627 971 7 movements movement NNS 31627 971 8 into into IN 31627 971 9 a a DT 31627 971 10 fresh fresh JJ 31627 971 11 - - HYPH 31627 971 12 water water NN 31627 971 13 lake lake NN 31627 971 14 , , , 31627 971 15 and and CC 31627 971 16 contemporaneously contemporaneously RB 31627 971 17 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 971 18 operations operation NNS 31627 971 19 commenced commence VBD 31627 971 20 over over IN 31627 971 21 the the DT 31627 971 22 whole whole JJ 31627 971 23 region region NN 31627 971 24 , , , 31627 971 25 and and CC 31627 971 26 beds bed NNS 31627 971 27 of of IN 31627 971 28 tuff tuff NNP 31627 971 29 , , , 31627 971 30 often often RB 31627 971 31 containing contain VBG 31627 971 32 blocks block NNS 31627 971 33 of of IN 31627 971 34 rock rock NN 31627 971 35 ejected eject VBN 31627 971 36 from from IN 31627 971 37 neighbouring neighbouring NN 31627 971 38 craters crater NNS 31627 971 39 , , , 31627 971 40 were be VBD 31627 971 41 deposited deposit VBN 31627 971 42 over over IN 31627 971 43 those those DT 31627 971 44 of of IN 31627 971 45 marine marine JJ 31627 971 46 origin origin NN 31627 971 47 . . . 31627 972 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB 31627 972 2 numerous numerous JJ 31627 972 3 crater crater NN 31627 972 4 - - HYPH 31627 972 5 cones cone NNS 31627 972 6 were be VBD 31627 972 7 thrown throw VBN 31627 972 8 up up RP 31627 972 9 ; ; : 31627 972 10 and and CC 31627 972 11 , , , 31627 972 12 as as IN 31627 972 13 the the DT 31627 972 14 land land NN 31627 972 15 gradually gradually RB 31627 972 16 rose rise VBD 31627 972 17 , , , 31627 972 18 the the DT 31627 972 19 waters water NNS 31627 972 20 of of IN 31627 972 21 the the DT 31627 972 22 lake lake NN 31627 972 23 were be VBD 31627 972 24 drained drain VBN 31627 972 25 off off RP 31627 972 26 , , , 31627 972 27 leaving leave VBG 31627 972 28 dry dry JJ 31627 972 29 the the DT 31627 972 30 Campagna Campagna NNP 31627 972 31 and and CC 31627 972 32 plain plain NN 31627 972 33 of of IN 31627 972 34 the the DT 31627 972 35 Tiber Tiber NNP 31627 972 36 . . . 31627 973 1 Ultimately ultimately RB 31627 973 2 the the DT 31627 973 3 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 973 4 fires fire NNS 31627 973 5 smouldered smoulder VBD 31627 973 6 down down RP 31627 973 7 and and CC 31627 973 8 died die VBD 31627 973 9 out out RP 31627 973 10 , , , 31627 973 11 whether whether IN 31627 973 12 within within IN 31627 973 13 the the DT 31627 973 14 historic historic JJ 31627 973 15 epoch epoch NNP 31627 973 16 or or CC 31627 973 17 not not RB 31627 973 18 is be VBZ 31627 973 19 uncertain uncertain JJ 31627 973 20 ; ; : 31627 973 21 lakes lake NNS 31627 973 22 were be VBD 31627 973 23 formed form VBN 31627 973 24 within within IN 31627 973 25 the the DT 31627 973 26 now now RB 31627 973 27 dormant dormant JJ 31627 973 28 craters crater NNS 31627 973 29 , , , 31627 973 30 and and CC 31627 973 31 the the DT 31627 973 32 face face NN 31627 973 33 of of IN 31627 973 34 nature nature NN 31627 973 35 gradually gradually RB 31627 973 36 assumed assume VBD 31627 973 37 a a DT 31627 973 38 more more RBR 31627 973 39 placid placid JJ 31627 973 40 and and CC 31627 973 41 less less RBR 31627 973 42 forbidding forbidding JJ 31627 973 43 aspect aspect NN 31627 973 44 over over IN 31627 973 45 this this DT 31627 973 46 memorable memorable JJ 31627 973 47 region region NN 31627 973 48 , , , 31627 973 49 destined destine VBN 31627 973 50 to to TO 31627 973 51 be be VB 31627 973 52 the the DT 31627 973 53 site site NN 31627 973 54 of of IN 31627 973 55 Rome Rome NNP 31627 973 56 , , , 31627 973 57 the the DT 31627 973 58 Mistress Mistress NNP 31627 973 59 of of IN 31627 973 60 the the DT 31627 973 61 World World NNP 31627 973 62 . . . 31627 974 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 974 2 1 1 LS 31627 974 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 974 4 As as IN 31627 974 5 determined determine VBN 31627 974 6 by by IN 31627 974 7 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 974 8 in in IN 31627 974 9 1825 1825 CD 31627 974 10 . . . 31627 975 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 975 2 2 2 LS 31627 975 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 975 4 Including include VBG 31627 975 5 the the DT 31627 975 6 ruins ruin NNS 31627 975 7 of of IN 31627 975 8 the the DT 31627 975 9 Temple Temple NNP 31627 975 10 of of IN 31627 975 11 Serapis Serapis NNP 31627 975 12 , , , 31627 975 13 whose whose WP$ 31627 975 14 pillars pillar NNS 31627 975 15 are be VBP 31627 975 16 perforated perforate VBN 31627 975 17 by by IN 31627 975 18 marine marine JJ 31627 975 19 boring boring NN 31627 975 20 shells shell NNS 31627 975 21 up up IN 31627 975 22 to to IN 31627 975 23 a a DT 31627 975 24 height height NN 31627 975 25 of of IN 31627 975 26 about about RB 31627 975 27 16 16 CD 31627 975 28 feet foot NNS 31627 975 29 from from IN 31627 975 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 975 31 base base NN 31627 975 32 ; ; : 31627 975 33 indicating indicate VBG 31627 975 34 that that IN 31627 975 35 the the DT 31627 975 36 land land NN 31627 975 37 had have VBD 31627 975 38 sunk sink VBN 31627 975 39 down down RP 31627 975 40 beneath beneath IN 31627 975 41 the the DT 31627 975 42 sea sea NN 31627 975 43 , , , 31627 975 44 and and CC 31627 975 45 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 975 46 been be VBN 31627 975 47 elevated elevate VBN 31627 975 48 to to IN 31627 975 49 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 975 50 present present JJ 31627 975 51 level level NN 31627 975 52 . . . 31627 976 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 976 2 3 3 LS 31627 976 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 976 4 The the DT 31627 976 5 account account NN 31627 976 6 of of IN 31627 976 7 Falconi Falconi NNP 31627 976 8 , , , 31627 976 9 and and CC 31627 976 10 another another DT 31627 976 11 by by IN 31627 976 12 Pietro Pietro NNP 31627 976 13 Giacomo Giacomo NNP 31627 976 14 di di NNP 31627 976 15 Toledo Toledo NNP 31627 976 16 , , , 31627 976 17 are be VBP 31627 976 18 given give VBN 31627 976 19 by by IN 31627 976 20 Sir Sir NNP 31627 976 21 W. W. NNP 31627 976 22 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 31627 976 23 , , , 31627 976 24 _ _ NNP 31627 976 25 op op NN 31627 976 26 . . . 31627 977 1 cit cit NNP 31627 977 2 . . . 31627 977 3 _ _ NNP 31627 977 4 , , , 31627 977 5 p. p. NN 31627 977 6 198 198 CD 31627 977 7 , , , 31627 977 8 and and CC 31627 977 9 also also RB 31627 977 10 reproduced reproduce VBN 31627 977 11 by by IN 31627 977 12 Sir Sir NNP 31627 977 13 C. C. NNP 31627 977 14 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 977 15 , , , 31627 977 16 _ _ NNP 31627 977 17 Principles Principles NNP 31627 977 18 _ _ NNP 31627 977 19 , , , 31627 977 20 vol vol NNP 31627 977 21 . . . 31627 978 1 i. i. NNP 31627 978 2 p. p. NNP 31627 978 3 608 608 CD 31627 978 4 . . . 31627 979 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 979 2 4 4 LS 31627 979 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 979 4 Guiseppe Guiseppe NNP 31627 979 5 Ponzi Ponzi NNP 31627 979 6 , , , 31627 979 7 " " `` 31627 979 8 Sulla Sulla NNP 31627 979 9 storia storia NN 31627 979 10 fisica fisica NN 31627 979 11 del del NNP 31627 979 12 Bacino Bacino NNP 31627 979 13 di di FW 31627 979 14 Roma Roma NNP 31627 979 15 , , , 31627 979 16 " " '' 31627 979 17 _ _ NNP 31627 979 18 Annali Annali NNP 31627 979 19 di di NNP 31627 979 20 Scienze Scienze NNP 31627 979 21 Fisiche Fisiche NNP 31627 979 22 _ _ NNP 31627 979 23 ( ( -LRB- 31627 979 24 Roma Roma NNP 31627 979 25 , , , 31627 979 26 1850 1850 CD 31627 979 27 ) ) -RRB- 31627 979 28 . . . 31627 980 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 980 2 5 5 CD 31627 980 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 980 4 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 980 5 , , , 31627 980 6 _ _ NNP 31627 980 7 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNP 31627 980 8 _ _ NNP 31627 980 9 , , , 31627 980 10 p. p. NN 31627 980 11 171 171 CD 31627 980 12 . . . 31627 981 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 981 2 VI VI NNP 31627 981 3 . . . 31627 982 1 EXTINCT extinct VB 31627 982 2 VOLCANOES volcano NNS 31627 982 3 OF of IN 31627 982 4 CENTRAL CENTRAL NNP 31627 982 5 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 31627 982 6 . . . 31627 983 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 983 2 _ _ NNP 31627 983 3 a. a. NN 31627 983 4 _ _ NNP 31627 983 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 983 6 _ _ NNP 31627 983 7 General General NNP 31627 983 8 Structure Structure NNP 31627 983 9 of of IN 31627 983 10 the the DT 31627 983 11 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 983 12 District._--From district._--from VBP 31627 983 13 a a DT 31627 983 14 granitic granitic JJ 31627 983 15 and and CC 31627 983 16 gneissose gneissose JJ 31627 983 17 platform platform NN 31627 983 18 situated situate VBN 31627 983 19 near near IN 31627 983 20 the the DT 31627 983 21 centre centre NN 31627 983 22 of of IN 31627 983 23 France France NNP 31627 983 24 , , , 31627 983 25 and and CC 31627 983 26 separated separate VBD 31627 983 27 from from IN 31627 983 28 the the DT 31627 983 29 western western JJ 31627 983 30 spurs spur NNS 31627 983 31 of of IN 31627 983 32 the the DT 31627 983 33 Alps Alps NNPS 31627 983 34 by by IN 31627 983 35 the the DT 31627 983 36 wide wide JJ 31627 983 37 valley valley NN 31627 983 38 of of IN 31627 983 39 the the DT 31627 983 40 Rhone Rhone NNP 31627 983 41 , , , 31627 983 42 there there EX 31627 983 43 rises rise VBZ 31627 983 44 a a DT 31627 983 45 group group NN 31627 983 46 of of IN 31627 983 47 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 983 48 mountains mountain NNS 31627 983 49 surpassing surpass VBG 31627 983 50 in in IN 31627 983 51 variety variety NN 31627 983 52 of of IN 31627 983 53 form form NN 31627 983 54 and and CC 31627 983 55 structure structure VB 31627 983 56 any any DT 31627 983 57 similar similar JJ 31627 983 58 mountain mountain NN 31627 983 59 group group NN 31627 983 60 in in IN 31627 983 61 Europe Europe NNP 31627 983 62 , , , 31627 983 63 and and CC 31627 983 64 belonging belong VBG 31627 983 65 to to IN 31627 983 66 an an DT 31627 983 67 epoch epoch NN 31627 983 68 ranging range VBG 31627 983 69 from from IN 31627 983 70 the the DT 31627 983 71 Middle Middle NNP 31627 983 72 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 983 73 down down RB 31627 983 74 almost almost RB 31627 983 75 to to IN 31627 983 76 the the DT 31627 983 77 present present JJ 31627 983 78 day day NN 31627 983 79 . . . 31627 984 1 This this DT 31627 984 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 984 3 group group NN 31627 984 4 of of IN 31627 984 5 mountains mountain NNS 31627 984 6 gives give VBZ 31627 984 7 rise rise NN 31627 984 8 to to IN 31627 984 9 several several JJ 31627 984 10 important important JJ 31627 984 11 rivers river NNS 31627 984 12 , , , 31627 984 13 such such JJ 31627 984 14 as as IN 31627 984 15 the the DT 31627 984 16 Loire Loire NNP 31627 984 17 , , , 31627 984 18 the the DT 31627 984 19 Allier Allier NNP 31627 984 20 , , , 31627 984 21 the the DT 31627 984 22 Soule Soule NNP 31627 984 23 ( ( -LRB- 31627 984 24 a a DT 31627 984 25 branch branch NN 31627 984 26 of of IN 31627 984 27 the the DT 31627 984 28 Loire Loire NNP 31627 984 29 ) ) -RRB- 31627 984 30 , , , 31627 984 31 the the DT 31627 984 32 Creuse Creuse NNP 31627 984 33 , , , 31627 984 34 the the DT 31627 984 35 Dordogne Dordogne NNP 31627 984 36 , , , 31627 984 37 and and CC 31627 984 38 the the DT 31627 984 39 Lot Lot NNP 31627 984 40 ; ; : 31627 984 41 and and CC 31627 984 42 in in IN 31627 984 43 the the DT 31627 984 44 Plomb Plomb NNP 31627 984 45 du du NNP 31627 984 46 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 984 47 attains attain VBZ 31627 984 48 an an DT 31627 984 49 elevation elevation NN 31627 984 50 of of IN 31627 984 51 6130 6130 CD 31627 984 52 feet foot NNS 31627 984 53 above above IN 31627 984 54 the the DT 31627 984 55 sea sea NN 31627 984 56 . . . 31627 985 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 985 2 southern southern JJ 31627 985 3 section section NN 31627 985 4 , , , 31627 985 5 that that DT 31627 985 6 of of IN 31627 985 7 Mont Mont NNP 31627 985 8 Dore Dore NNP 31627 985 9 , , , 31627 985 10 the the DT 31627 985 11 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 985 12 , , , 31627 985 13 and and CC 31627 985 14 the the DT 31627 985 15 Haute Haute NNP 31627 985 16 Loire Loire NNP 31627 985 17 , , , 31627 985 18 is be VBZ 31627 985 19 characterised characterise VBN 31627 985 20 by by IN 31627 985 21 magnificent magnificent JJ 31627 985 22 valleys valley NNS 31627 985 23 , , , 31627 985 24 traversing traverse VBG 31627 985 25 plateaux plateaux RB 31627 985 26 of of IN 31627 985 27 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 985 28 lava lava NN 31627 985 29 , , , 31627 985 30 and and CC 31627 985 31 exhibiting exhibit VBG 31627 985 32 the the DT 31627 985 33 results result NNS 31627 985 34 of of IN 31627 985 35 river river NN 31627 985 36 erosion erosion NN 31627 985 37 on on IN 31627 985 38 a a DT 31627 985 39 grand grand JJ 31627 985 40 scale scale NN 31627 985 41 ; ; : 31627 985 42 while while IN 31627 985 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 985 44 northern northern JJ 31627 985 45 section section NN 31627 985 46 , , , 31627 985 47 that that DT 31627 985 48 of of IN 31627 985 49 the the DT 31627 985 50 Puy Puy NNP 31627 985 51 de de NNP 31627 985 52 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 985 53 , , , 31627 985 54 presents present VBZ 31627 985 55 to to IN 31627 985 56 us -PRON- PRP 31627 985 57 a a DT 31627 985 58 varied varied JJ 31627 985 59 succession succession NN 31627 985 60 of of IN 31627 985 61 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 985 62 crater crater NNP 31627 985 63 - - HYPH 31627 985 64 cones cone NNS 31627 985 65 and and CC 31627 985 66 domes dome NNS 31627 985 67 , , , 31627 985 68 with with IN 31627 985 69 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 985 70 extruded extrude VBN 31627 985 71 lava lava NN 31627 985 72 - - HYPH 31627 985 73 streams stream NNS 31627 985 74 , , , 31627 985 75 almost almost RB 31627 985 76 as as IN 31627 985 77 fresh fresh JJ 31627 985 78 and and CC 31627 985 79 unchanged unchanged JJ 31627 985 80 in in IN 31627 985 81 form form NN 31627 985 82 as as IN 31627 985 83 if if IN 31627 985 84 they -PRON- PRP 31627 985 85 had have VBD 31627 985 86 only only RB 31627 985 87 yesterday yesterday NN 31627 985 88 become become VB 31627 985 89 extinct extinct JJ 31627 985 90 . . . 31627 986 1 A a DT 31627 986 2 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 986 3 similar similar JJ 31627 986 4 , , , 31627 986 5 but but CC 31627 986 6 less less RBR 31627 986 7 important important JJ 31627 986 8 , , , 31627 986 9 chain chain NN 31627 986 10 of of IN 31627 986 11 extinct extinct JJ 31627 986 12 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 986 13 also also RB 31627 986 14 occurs occur VBZ 31627 986 15 in in IN 31627 986 16 the the DT 31627 986 17 Velay Velay NNP 31627 986 18 and and CC 31627 986 19 Vivarais Vivarais NNP 31627 986 20 , , , 31627 986 21 between between IN 31627 986 22 the the DT 31627 986 23 upper upper JJ 31627 986 24 waters water NNS 31627 986 25 of of IN 31627 986 26 the the DT 31627 986 27 Loire Loire NNP 31627 986 28 and and CC 31627 986 29 the the DT 31627 986 30 Allier Allier NNP 31627 986 31 , , , 31627 986 32 in in IN 31627 986 33 the the DT 31627 986 34 vicinity vicinity NN 31627 986 35 of of IN 31627 986 36 the the DT 31627 986 37 town town NN 31627 986 38 of of IN 31627 986 39 Le Le NNP 31627 986 40 Puy Puy NNP 31627 986 41 . . . 31627 987 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 987 2 1 1 LS 31627 987 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 987 4 The the DT 31627 987 5 principal principal JJ 31627 987 6 city city NN 31627 987 7 in in IN 31627 987 8 this this DT 31627 987 9 region region NN 31627 987 10 is be VBZ 31627 987 11 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 987 12 - - HYPH 31627 987 13 Ferrand Ferrand NNP 31627 987 14 , , , 31627 987 15 lying lie VBG 31627 987 16 near near IN 31627 987 17 the the DT 31627 987 18 base base NN 31627 987 19 of of IN 31627 987 20 the the DT 31627 987 21 Puy Puy NNP 31627 987 22 de de NNP 31627 987 23 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 987 24 , , , 31627 987 25 and and CC 31627 987 26 ever ever RB 31627 987 27 memorable memorable JJ 31627 987 28 as as IN 31627 987 29 the the DT 31627 987 30 birthplace birthplace NN 31627 987 31 of of IN 31627 987 32 Blaise Blaise NNP 31627 987 33 Pascal Pascal NNP 31627 987 34 . . . 31627 988 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 988 2 2 2 CD 31627 988 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 988 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 988 5 Illustration illustration NN 31627 988 6 : : : 31627 988 7 Fig Fig NNP 31627 988 8 . . . 31627 989 1 17.--Generalised 17.--generalised CD 31627 989 2 Section section NN 31627 989 3 through through IN 31627 989 4 the the DT 31627 989 5 Puy Puy NNP 31627 989 6 de de NNP 31627 989 7 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 989 8 and and CC 31627 989 9 Vale Vale NNP 31627 989 10 of of IN 31627 989 11 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 989 12 , , , 31627 989 13 distance distance NN 31627 989 14 about about RB 31627 989 15 ten ten CD 31627 989 16 miles mile NNS 31627 989 17 . . . 31627 990 1 The the DT 31627 990 2 general general JJ 31627 990 3 floor floor NN 31627 990 4 formed form VBN 31627 990 5 of of IN 31627 990 6 granite granite NN 31627 990 7 and and CC 31627 990 8 gneiss gneiss NNP 31627 990 9 ( ( -LRB- 31627 990 10 G G NNP 31627 990 11 ) ) -RRB- 31627 990 12 ; ; : 31627 990 13 D. D. NNP 31627 990 14 Domite Domite NNP 31627 990 15 - - HYPH 31627 990 16 lava lava NN 31627 990 17 of of IN 31627 990 18 the the DT 31627 990 19 Puy Puy NNP 31627 990 20 de de FW 31627 990 21 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 990 22 ; ; : 31627 990 23 Sc sc RB 31627 990 24 . . . 31627 991 1 Cones cone NNS 31627 991 2 of of IN 31627 991 3 ashes ashe NNS 31627 991 4 and and CC 31627 991 5 scoriæ scoriæ NN 31627 991 6 ; ; : 31627 991 7 L. L. NNP 31627 991 8 Lava Lava NNP 31627 991 9 - - HYPH 31627 991 10 sheets sheet NNS 31627 991 11 ; ; : 31627 991 12 A. A. NNP 31627 991 13 Alluvium Alluvium NNP 31627 991 14 of of IN 31627 991 15 the the DT 31627 991 16 Vale vale NN 31627 991 17 of of IN 31627 991 18 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 991 19 and and CC 31627 991 20 Lake Lake NNP 31627 991 21 deposits deposit NNS 31627 991 22 . . . 31627 991 23 ] ] -RRB- 31627 992 1 The the DT 31627 992 2 physical physical JJ 31627 992 3 structure structure NN 31627 992 4 of of IN 31627 992 5 this this DT 31627 992 6 region region NN 31627 992 7 is be VBZ 31627 992 8 on on IN 31627 992 9 the the DT 31627 992 10 whole whole JJ 31627 992 11 very very RB 31627 992 12 simple simple JJ 31627 992 13 . . . 31627 993 1 The the DT 31627 993 2 fundamental fundamental JJ 31627 993 3 rocks rock NNS 31627 993 4 consist consist VBP 31627 993 5 of of IN 31627 993 6 granite granite NN 31627 993 7 and and CC 31627 993 8 gneiss gneiss NN 31627 993 9 passing pass VBG 31627 993 10 into into IN 31627 993 11 schist schist NN 31627 993 12 , , , 31627 993 13 all all DT 31627 993 14 of of IN 31627 993 15 extreme extreme JJ 31627 993 16 geological geological JJ 31627 993 17 antiquity antiquity NN 31627 993 18 , , , 31627 993 19 forming form VBG 31627 993 20 a a DT 31627 993 21 vast vast JJ 31627 993 22 platform platform NN 31627 993 23 gradually gradually RB 31627 993 24 rising rise VBG 31627 993 25 in in IN 31627 993 26 a a DT 31627 993 27 southerly southerly RB 31627 993 28 direction direction NN 31627 993 29 towards towards IN 31627 993 30 the the DT 31627 993 31 head head NN 31627 993 32 waters water NNS 31627 993 33 of of IN 31627 993 34 the the DT 31627 993 35 Loire Loire NNP 31627 993 36 and and CC 31627 993 37 the the DT 31627 993 38 Allier Allier NNP 31627 993 39 in in IN 31627 993 40 the the DT 31627 993 41 Departments Departments NNP 31627 993 42 of of IN 31627 993 43 Haute Haute NNP 31627 993 44 Loire Loire NNP 31627 993 45 , , , 31627 993 46 Lozère Lozère NNP 31627 993 47 , , , 31627 993 48 and and CC 31627 993 49 Ardèche Ardèche NNP 31627 993 50 . . . 31627 994 1 On on IN 31627 994 2 this this DT 31627 994 3 platform platform NN 31627 994 4 are be VBP 31627 994 5 planted plant VBN 31627 994 6 the the DT 31627 994 7 whole whole NN 31627 994 8 of of IN 31627 994 9 the the DT 31627 994 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 994 11 mountains mountain NNS 31627 994 12 . . . 31627 995 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 995 2 See see VB 31627 995 3 Fig fig NN 31627 995 4 . . . 31627 996 1 17 17 CD 31627 996 2 . . . 31627 996 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 997 1 The the DT 31627 997 2 granitic granitic JJ 31627 997 3 plateau plateau NN 31627 997 4 is be VBZ 31627 997 5 bounded bound VBN 31627 997 6 on on IN 31627 997 7 the the DT 31627 997 8 east east NN 31627 997 9 , , , 31627 997 10 throughout throughout IN 31627 997 11 a a DT 31627 997 12 distance distance NN 31627 997 13 of of IN 31627 997 14 about about RB 31627 997 15 50 50 CD 31627 997 16 miles mile NNS 31627 997 17 , , , 31627 997 18 by by IN 31627 997 19 the the DT 31627 997 20 wide wide JJ 31627 997 21 and and CC 31627 997 22 fertile fertile JJ 31627 997 23 plain plain NN 31627 997 24 of of IN 31627 997 25 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 997 26 , , , 31627 997 27 watered water VBN 31627 997 28 by by IN 31627 997 29 the the DT 31627 997 30 Allier Allier NNP 31627 997 31 and and CC 31627 997 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 997 33 numerous numerous JJ 31627 997 34 branches branch NNS 31627 997 35 descending descend VBG 31627 997 36 from from IN 31627 997 37 the the DT 31627 997 38 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 997 39 mountains mountain NNS 31627 997 40 , , , 31627 997 41 and and CC 31627 997 42 is be VBZ 31627 997 43 about about IN 31627 997 44 25 25 CD 31627 997 45 miles mile NNS 31627 997 46 in in IN 31627 997 47 width width NN 31627 997 48 from from IN 31627 997 49 east east NNP 31627 997 50 to to IN 31627 997 51 west west NNP 31627 997 52 in in IN 31627 997 53 the the DT 31627 997 54 parallel parallel NN 31627 997 55 of of IN 31627 997 56 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 997 57 , , , 31627 997 58 but but CC 31627 997 59 gradually gradually RB 31627 997 60 narrowing narrow VBG 31627 997 61 in in IN 31627 997 62 a a DT 31627 997 63 southerly southerly JJ 31627 997 64 direction direction NN 31627 997 65 , , , 31627 997 66 till till IN 31627 997 67 at at IN 31627 997 68 Brioude Brioude NNP 31627 997 69 it -PRON- PRP 31627 997 70 becomes become VBZ 31627 997 71 an an DT 31627 997 72 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 997 73 mountain mountain NN 31627 997 74 ravine ravine NN 31627 997 75 . . . 31627 998 1 The the DT 31627 998 2 eastern eastern JJ 31627 998 3 margin margin NN 31627 998 4 of of IN 31627 998 5 the the DT 31627 998 6 plain plain NN 31627 998 7 is be VBZ 31627 998 8 formed form VBN 31627 998 9 by by IN 31627 998 10 another another DT 31627 998 11 granitic granitic JJ 31627 998 12 ridge ridge NN 31627 998 13 expanding expand VBG 31627 998 14 into into IN 31627 998 15 a a DT 31627 998 16 plateau plateau NN 31627 998 17 towards towards IN 31627 998 18 the the DT 31627 998 19 south south NN 31627 998 20 , , , 31627 998 21 and and CC 31627 998 22 joining join VBG 31627 998 23 in in RP 31627 998 24 with with IN 31627 998 25 that that DT 31627 998 26 already already RB 31627 998 27 described describe VBN 31627 998 28 ; ; : 31627 998 29 but but CC 31627 998 30 towards towards IN 31627 998 31 the the DT 31627 998 32 north north NN 31627 998 33 and and CC 31627 998 34 directly directly RB 31627 998 35 east east RB 31627 998 36 of of IN 31627 998 37 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 998 38 it -PRON- PRP 31627 998 39 forms form VBZ 31627 998 40 a a DT 31627 998 41 high high JJ 31627 998 42 ridge ridge NN 31627 998 43 traversed traverse VBN 31627 998 44 by by IN 31627 998 45 the the DT 31627 998 46 railway railway NN 31627 998 47 to to IN 31627 998 48 St. St. NNP 31627 998 49 Étienne Étienne NNP 31627 998 50 and and CC 31627 998 51 Lyons Lyons NNP 31627 998 52 , , , 31627 998 53 and and CC 31627 998 54 descending descend VBG 31627 998 55 towards towards IN 31627 998 56 the the DT 31627 998 57 east east NN 31627 998 58 into into IN 31627 998 59 the the DT 31627 998 60 valley valley NN 31627 998 61 of of IN 31627 998 62 the the DT 31627 998 63 Loire Loire NNP 31627 998 64 . . . 31627 999 1 No no DT 31627 999 2 more more RBR 31627 999 3 impressive impressive JJ 31627 999 4 view view NN 31627 999 5 is be VBZ 31627 999 6 to to TO 31627 999 7 be be VB 31627 999 8 obtained obtain VBN 31627 999 9 of of IN 31627 999 10 the the DT 31627 999 11 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 999 12 region region NN 31627 999 13 than than IN 31627 999 14 that that DT 31627 999 15 from from IN 31627 999 16 the the DT 31627 999 17 summit summit NN 31627 999 18 of of IN 31627 999 19 this this DT 31627 999 20 second second JJ 31627 999 21 ridge ridge NN 31627 999 22 , , , 31627 999 23 on on IN 31627 999 24 arriving arrive VBG 31627 999 25 there there RB 31627 999 26 towards towards IN 31627 999 27 evening evening NN 31627 999 28 from from IN 31627 999 29 the the DT 31627 999 30 city city NN 31627 999 31 of of IN 31627 999 32 Lyons Lyons NNP 31627 999 33 . . . 31627 1000 1 At at IN 31627 1000 2 your -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1000 3 feet foot NNS 31627 1000 4 lies lie VBZ 31627 1000 5 the the DT 31627 1000 6 richly richly RB 31627 1000 7 - - HYPH 31627 1000 8 cultivated cultivate VBN 31627 1000 9 plain plain NN 31627 1000 10 of of IN 31627 1000 11 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 1000 12 , , , 31627 1000 13 dotted dot VBN 31627 1000 14 with with IN 31627 1000 15 towns town NNS 31627 1000 16 , , , 31627 1000 17 villages village NNS 31627 1000 18 , , , 31627 1000 19 and and CC 31627 1000 20 hamlets hamlet NNS 31627 1000 21 , , , 31627 1000 22 and and CC 31627 1000 23 decorated decorate VBN 31627 1000 24 with with IN 31627 1000 25 pastures pasture NNS 31627 1000 26 , , , 31627 1000 27 orchards orchard NNS 31627 1000 28 , , , 31627 1000 29 vineyards vineyard NNS 31627 1000 30 , , , 31627 1000 31 and and CC 31627 1000 32 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1000 33 trees tree NNS 31627 1000 34 ; ; : 31627 1000 35 while while IN 31627 1000 36 beyond beyond IN 31627 1000 37 rises rise VBZ 31627 1000 38 the the DT 31627 1000 39 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1000 40 plateau plateau NN 31627 1000 41 , , , 31627 1000 42 breaking break VBG 31627 1000 43 off off RP 31627 1000 44 abruptly abruptly RB 31627 1000 45 along along IN 31627 1000 46 the the DT 31627 1000 47 margin margin NN 31627 1000 48 of of IN 31627 1000 49 the the DT 31627 1000 50 plain plain NN 31627 1000 51 , , , 31627 1000 52 and and CC 31627 1000 53 deeply deeply RB 31627 1000 54 indented indent VBN 31627 1000 55 by by IN 31627 1000 56 the the DT 31627 1000 57 valleys valley NNS 31627 1000 58 and and CC 31627 1000 59 gorges gorge NNS 31627 1000 60 along along IN 31627 1000 61 which which WDT 31627 1000 62 the the DT 31627 1000 63 streams stream NNS 31627 1000 64 descend descend VBP 31627 1000 65 to to TO 31627 1000 66 join join VB 31627 1000 67 the the DT 31627 1000 68 Allier Allier NNP 31627 1000 69 . . . 31627 1001 1 But but CC 31627 1001 2 the the DT 31627 1001 3 chief chief JJ 31627 1001 4 point point NN 31627 1001 5 of of IN 31627 1001 6 interest interest NN 31627 1001 7 is be VBZ 31627 1001 8 the the DT 31627 1001 9 chain chain NN 31627 1001 10 of of IN 31627 1001 11 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1001 12 crater crater NNP 31627 1001 13 - - HYPH 31627 1001 14 cones cone NNS 31627 1001 15 and and CC 31627 1001 16 dome dome NN 31627 1001 17 - - HYPH 31627 1001 18 shaped shape VBN 31627 1001 19 eminences eminence NNS 31627 1001 20 which which WDT 31627 1001 21 rise rise VBP 31627 1001 22 from from IN 31627 1001 23 the the DT 31627 1001 24 plateau plateau NN 31627 1001 25 , , , 31627 1001 26 amongst amongst IN 31627 1001 27 which which WDT 31627 1001 28 the the DT 31627 1001 29 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1001 30 de de NNP 31627 1001 31 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1001 32 towers tower NNS 31627 1001 33 supreme supreme RB 31627 1001 34 . . . 31627 1002 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1002 2 individual individual JJ 31627 1002 3 forms form NNS 31627 1002 4 stand stand VBP 31627 1002 5 out out RP 31627 1002 6 in in IN 31627 1002 7 clear clear JJ 31627 1002 8 and and CC 31627 1002 9 sharp sharp JJ 31627 1002 10 relief relief NN 31627 1002 11 against against IN 31627 1002 12 the the DT 31627 1002 13 western western JJ 31627 1002 14 sky sky NN 31627 1002 15 , , , 31627 1002 16 and and CC 31627 1002 17 gradually gradually RB 31627 1002 18 fade fade VB 31627 1002 19 away away RB 31627 1002 20 towards towards IN 31627 1002 21 the the DT 31627 1002 22 south south NN 31627 1002 23 into into IN 31627 1002 24 the the DT 31627 1002 25 serried serrie VBN 31627 1002 26 masses masse NNS 31627 1002 27 of of IN 31627 1002 28 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1002 29 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1002 30 and and CC 31627 1002 31 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1002 32 , , , 31627 1002 33 around around IN 31627 1002 34 whose whose WP$ 31627 1002 35 summits summit NNS 31627 1002 36 the the DT 31627 1002 37 evening evening NN 31627 1002 38 mists mist NNS 31627 1002 39 are be VBP 31627 1002 40 gathering gather VBG 31627 1002 41 . . . 31627 1003 1 Except except IN 31627 1003 2 the the DT 31627 1003 3 first first JJ 31627 1003 4 view view NN 31627 1003 5 of of IN 31627 1003 6 the the DT 31627 1003 7 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1003 8 Blanc Blanc NNP 31627 1003 9 range range NN 31627 1003 10 from from IN 31627 1003 11 the the DT 31627 1003 12 crest crest NN 31627 1003 13 of of IN 31627 1003 14 the the DT 31627 1003 15 Jura Jura NNP 31627 1003 16 , , , 31627 1003 17 there there EX 31627 1003 18 is be VBZ 31627 1003 19 no no DT 31627 1003 20 scene scene NN 31627 1003 21 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 1003 22 which which WDT 31627 1003 23 is be VBZ 31627 1003 24 calculated calculate VBN 31627 1003 25 to to TO 31627 1003 26 impress impress VB 31627 1003 27 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1003 28 more more RBR 31627 1003 29 vividly vividly RB 31627 1003 30 on on IN 31627 1003 31 the the DT 31627 1003 32 memory memory NN 31627 1003 33 than than IN 31627 1003 34 that that DT 31627 1003 35 here here RB 31627 1003 36 faintly faintly RB 31627 1003 37 described describe VBN 31627 1003 38 . . . 31627 1004 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1004 2 3 3 CD 31627 1004 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1004 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1004 5 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1004 6 : : : 31627 1004 7 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1004 8 . . . 31627 1005 1 18.--Transverse 18.--transverse CD 31627 1005 2 view view NN 31627 1005 3 of of IN 31627 1005 4 the the DT 31627 1005 5 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1005 6 de de NNP 31627 1005 7 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1005 8 and and CC 31627 1005 9 neighbouring neighbouring NN 31627 1005 10 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1005 11 from from IN 31627 1005 12 the the DT 31627 1005 13 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1005 14 de de NNP 31627 1005 15 Chopine.--(After Chopine.--(After NNP 31627 1005 16 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1005 17 . . . 31627 1005 18 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1005 19 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1006 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1006 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1006 3 b. b. NNP 31627 1006 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1006 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1006 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1006 7 The the DT 31627 1006 8 Vale vale NN 31627 1006 9 of of IN 31627 1006 10 Clermont._--The Clermont._--The NNP 31627 1006 11 plain plain RB 31627 1006 12 upon upon IN 31627 1006 13 which which WDT 31627 1006 14 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1006 15 look look VBP 31627 1006 16 down down RB 31627 1006 17 was be VBD 31627 1006 18 once once RB 31627 1006 19 the the DT 31627 1006 20 floor floor NN 31627 1006 21 of of IN 31627 1006 22 an an DT 31627 1006 23 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1006 24 lake lake NN 31627 1006 25 , , , 31627 1006 26 for for IN 31627 1006 27 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1006 28 is be VBZ 31627 1006 29 composed compose VBN 31627 1006 30 of of IN 31627 1006 31 various various JJ 31627 1006 32 strata strata NN 31627 1006 33 of of IN 31627 1006 34 sand sand NN 31627 1006 35 , , , 31627 1006 36 clay clay NN 31627 1006 37 , , , 31627 1006 38 marl marl NNP 31627 1006 39 , , , 31627 1006 40 and and CC 31627 1006 41 limestone limestone NN 31627 1006 42 , , , 31627 1006 43 containing contain VBG 31627 1006 44 various various JJ 31627 1006 45 genera genera NN 31627 1006 46 and and CC 31627 1006 47 species specie NNS 31627 1006 48 of of IN 31627 1006 49 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1006 50 - - HYPH 31627 1006 51 water water NN 31627 1006 52 shells shell NNS 31627 1006 53 . . . 31627 1007 1 These these DT 31627 1007 2 strata stratum NNS 31627 1007 3 are be VBP 31627 1007 4 of of IN 31627 1007 5 great great JJ 31627 1007 6 thickness thickness NN 31627 1007 7 , , , 31627 1007 8 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 1007 9 a a DT 31627 1007 10 thousand thousand CD 31627 1007 11 feet foot NNS 31627 1007 12 in in IN 31627 1007 13 some some DT 31627 1007 14 places place NNS 31627 1007 15 ; ; : 31627 1007 16 and and CC 31627 1007 17 along along IN 31627 1007 18 with with IN 31627 1007 19 such such JJ 31627 1007 20 shells shell NNS 31627 1007 21 as as IN 31627 1007 22 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 23 Paludina Paludina NNP 31627 1007 24 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 25 , , , 31627 1007 26 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 27 Planorbis Planorbis NNP 31627 1007 28 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 29 , , , 31627 1007 30 and and CC 31627 1007 31 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 32 Limnæa Limnæa NNP 31627 1007 33 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 34 are be VBP 31627 1007 35 also also RB 31627 1007 36 found find VBN 31627 1007 37 remains remain NNS 31627 1007 38 of of IN 31627 1007 39 various various JJ 31627 1007 40 other other JJ 31627 1007 41 animals animal NNS 31627 1007 42 , , , 31627 1007 43 such such JJ 31627 1007 44 as as IN 31627 1007 45 fish fish NN 31627 1007 46 , , , 31627 1007 47 serpents serpent NNS 31627 1007 48 , , , 31627 1007 49 batrachians batrachian NNS 31627 1007 50 , , , 31627 1007 51 crocodiles crocodile NNS 31627 1007 52 , , , 31627 1007 53 ruminants ruminant NNS 31627 1007 54 , , , 31627 1007 55 and and CC 31627 1007 56 those those DT 31627 1007 57 of of IN 31627 1007 58 huge huge JJ 31627 1007 59 pachyderms pachyderm NNS 31627 1007 60 , , , 31627 1007 61 as as IN 31627 1007 62 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 63 Rhinoceros Rhinoceros NNP 31627 1007 64 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 65 , , , 31627 1007 66 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 67 Dinotherium Dinotherium NNP 31627 1007 68 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 69 , , , 31627 1007 70 and and CC 31627 1007 71 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 72 Cænotherium Cænotherium NNP 31627 1007 73 _ _ NNP 31627 1007 74 . . . 31627 1008 1 This this DT 31627 1008 2 great great JJ 31627 1008 3 lake lake NN 31627 1008 4 , , , 31627 1008 5 occupying occupy VBG 31627 1008 6 a a DT 31627 1008 7 hollow hollow NN 31627 1008 8 in in IN 31627 1008 9 the the DT 31627 1008 10 old old JJ 31627 1008 11 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1008 12 platform platform NN 31627 1008 13 of of IN 31627 1008 14 Central Central NNP 31627 1008 15 France France NNP 31627 1008 16 , , , 31627 1008 17 must must MD 31627 1008 18 have have VB 31627 1008 19 been be VBN 31627 1008 20 in in IN 31627 1008 21 existence existence NN 31627 1008 22 for for IN 31627 1008 23 an an DT 31627 1008 24 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1008 25 period period NN 31627 1008 26 , , , 31627 1008 27 which which WDT 31627 1008 28 MM MM NNP 31627 1008 29 . . . 31627 1009 1 Pomel Pomel NNP 31627 1009 2 , , , 31627 1009 3 Aymard Aymard NNP 31627 1009 4 , , , 31627 1009 5 and and CC 31627 1009 6 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 1009 7 all all DT 31627 1009 8 unite unite VBP 31627 1009 9 in in IN 31627 1009 10 referring refer VBG 31627 1009 11 to to IN 31627 1009 12 that that DT 31627 1009 13 of of IN 31627 1009 14 the the DT 31627 1009 15 Lower Lower NNP 31627 1009 16 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1009 17 . . . 31627 1010 1 But but CC 31627 1010 2 what what WP 31627 1010 3 is be VBZ 31627 1010 4 to to IN 31627 1010 5 us -PRON- PRP 31627 1010 6 of of IN 31627 1010 7 special special JJ 31627 1010 8 interest interest NN 31627 1010 9 is be VBZ 31627 1010 10 the the DT 31627 1010 11 fact fact NN 31627 1010 12 that that IN 31627 1010 13 , , , 31627 1010 14 in in IN 31627 1010 15 the the DT 31627 1010 16 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1010 17 of of IN 31627 1010 18 this this DT 31627 1010 19 lake lake NN 31627 1010 20 of of IN 31627 1010 21 the the DT 31627 1010 22 Haute Haute NNP 31627 1010 23 Loire Loire NNP 31627 1010 24 , , , 31627 1010 25 with with IN 31627 1010 26 the the DT 31627 1010 27 exception exception NN 31627 1010 28 of of IN 31627 1010 29 the the DT 31627 1010 30 very very RB 31627 1010 31 latest late JJS 31627 1010 32 , , , 31627 1010 33 there there EX 31627 1010 34 is be VBZ 31627 1010 35 no no DT 31627 1010 36 intermixture intermixture NN 31627 1010 37 of of IN 31627 1010 38 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1010 39 products product NNS 31627 1010 40 such such JJ 31627 1010 41 as as IN 31627 1010 42 might may MD 31627 1010 43 have have VB 31627 1010 44 been be VBN 31627 1010 45 expected expect VBN 31627 1010 46 to to TO 31627 1010 47 occur occur VB 31627 1010 48 if if IN 31627 1010 49 the the DT 31627 1010 50 neighbouring neighbour VBG 31627 1010 51 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1010 52 had have VBD 31627 1010 53 been be VBN 31627 1010 54 in in IN 31627 1010 55 activity activity NN 31627 1010 56 during during IN 31627 1010 57 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1010 58 existence existence NN 31627 1010 59 . . . 31627 1011 1 Hence hence RB 31627 1011 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1011 3 may may MD 31627 1011 4 be be VB 31627 1011 5 supposed suppose VBN 31627 1011 6 that that IN 31627 1011 7 , , , 31627 1011 8 as as IN 31627 1011 9 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1011 10 suggested suggest VBD 31627 1011 11 , , , 31627 1011 12 the the DT 31627 1011 13 waters water NNS 31627 1011 14 of of IN 31627 1011 15 the the DT 31627 1011 16 lake lake NN 31627 1011 17 were be VBD 31627 1011 18 drained drain VBN 31627 1011 19 off off RP 31627 1011 20 owing owe VBG 31627 1011 21 to to IN 31627 1011 22 the the DT 31627 1011 23 disturbance disturbance NN 31627 1011 24 in in IN 31627 1011 25 the the DT 31627 1011 26 levels level NNS 31627 1011 27 of of IN 31627 1011 28 the the DT 31627 1011 29 country country NN 31627 1011 30 caused cause VBN 31627 1011 31 by by IN 31627 1011 32 the the DT 31627 1011 33 first first JJ 31627 1011 34 explosions explosion NNS 31627 1011 35 of of IN 31627 1011 36 the the DT 31627 1011 37 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 1011 38 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1011 39 . . . 31627 1012 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1012 2 4 4 LS 31627 1012 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1012 4 If if IN 31627 1012 5 this this DT 31627 1012 6 be be VB 31627 1012 7 so so RB 31627 1012 8 , , , 31627 1012 9 then then RB 31627 1012 10 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1012 11 possess possess VBP 31627 1012 12 a a DT 31627 1012 13 key key NN 31627 1012 14 by by IN 31627 1012 15 which which WDT 31627 1012 16 to to TO 31627 1012 17 determine determine VB 31627 1012 18 the the DT 31627 1012 19 period period NN 31627 1012 20 of of IN 31627 1012 21 the the DT 31627 1012 22 first first JJ 31627 1012 23 formation formation NN 31627 1012 24 of of IN 31627 1012 25 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1012 26 in in IN 31627 1012 27 Central Central NNP 31627 1012 28 France France NNP 31627 1012 29 ; ; : 31627 1012 30 for for IN 31627 1012 31 , , , 31627 1012 32 as as IN 31627 1012 33 the the DT 31627 1012 34 animal animal NN 31627 1012 35 remains remain VBZ 31627 1012 36 enclosed enclose VBN 31627 1012 37 in in IN 31627 1012 38 the the DT 31627 1012 39 lacustrine lacustrine JJ 31627 1012 40 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1012 41 of of IN 31627 1012 42 the the DT 31627 1012 43 Vale vale NN 31627 1012 44 of of IN 31627 1012 45 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 1012 46 belong belong VB 31627 1012 47 to to IN 31627 1012 48 the the DT 31627 1012 49 early early JJ 31627 1012 50 Miocene miocene JJ 31627 1012 51 stage stage NN 31627 1012 52 , , , 31627 1012 53 and and CC 31627 1012 54 the the DT 31627 1012 55 earliest early JJS 31627 1012 56 traces trace NNS 31627 1012 57 of of IN 31627 1012 58 contemporaneous contemporaneous JJ 31627 1012 59 volcanic volcanic NNP 31627 1012 60 _ _ NNP 31627 1012 61 ejecta ejecta NNP 31627 1012 62 _ _ NNP 31627 1012 63 are be VBP 31627 1012 64 found find VBN 31627 1012 65 only only RB 31627 1012 66 in in IN 31627 1012 67 the the DT 31627 1012 68 uppermost uppermost JJ 31627 1012 69 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1012 70 , , , 31627 1012 71 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1012 72 may may MD 31627 1012 73 conclude conclude VB 31627 1012 74 that that IN 31627 1012 75 the the DT 31627 1012 76 first first JJ 31627 1012 77 outburst outburst NN 31627 1012 78 of of IN 31627 1012 79 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1012 80 action action NN 31627 1012 81 occurred occur VBD 31627 1012 82 towards towards IN 31627 1012 83 the the DT 31627 1012 84 close close NN 31627 1012 85 of of IN 31627 1012 86 the the DT 31627 1012 87 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1012 88 period period NN 31627 1012 89 -- -- : 31627 1012 90 a a DT 31627 1012 91 period period NN 31627 1012 92 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1012 93 for for IN 31627 1012 94 similar similar JJ 31627 1012 95 exhibitions exhibition NNS 31627 1012 96 of of IN 31627 1012 97 internal internal JJ 31627 1012 98 igneous igneous JJ 31627 1012 99 action action NN 31627 1012 100 in in IN 31627 1012 101 other other JJ 31627 1012 102 parts part NNS 31627 1012 103 of of IN 31627 1012 104 the the DT 31627 1012 105 world world NN 31627 1012 106 . . . 31627 1013 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1013 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1013 3 c. c. NNP 31627 1013 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1013 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1013 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1013 7 Successive successive JJ 31627 1013 8 Stages Stages NNPS 31627 1013 9 of of IN 31627 1013 10 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1013 11 Action Action NNP 31627 1013 12 in in IN 31627 1013 13 Auvergne._--The auvergne._--the DT 31627 1013 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1013 15 region region NN 31627 1013 16 here here RB 31627 1013 17 described describe VBN 31627 1013 18 , , , 31627 1013 19 which which WDT 31627 1013 20 has have VBZ 31627 1013 21 an an DT 31627 1013 22 area area NN 31627 1013 23 of of IN 31627 1013 24 about about RB 31627 1013 25 one one CD 31627 1013 26 hundred hundred CD 31627 1013 27 square square JJ 31627 1013 28 miles mile NNS 31627 1013 29 , , , 31627 1013 30 does do VBZ 31627 1013 31 not not RB 31627 1013 32 appear appear VB 31627 1013 33 to to TO 31627 1013 34 have have VB 31627 1013 35 been be VBN 31627 1013 36 at at IN 31627 1013 37 one one CD 31627 1013 38 and and CC 31627 1013 39 the the DT 31627 1013 40 same same JJ 31627 1013 41 period period NN 31627 1013 42 of of IN 31627 1013 43 time time NN 31627 1013 44 the the DT 31627 1013 45 theatre theatre NNP 31627 1013 46 of of IN 31627 1013 47 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1013 48 action action NN 31627 1013 49 over over IN 31627 1013 50 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1013 51 whole whole JJ 31627 1013 52 extent extent NN 31627 1013 53 . . . 31627 1014 1 On on IN 31627 1014 2 the the DT 31627 1014 3 contrary contrary NN 31627 1014 4 , , , 31627 1014 5 this this DT 31627 1014 6 action action NN 31627 1014 7 appears appear VBZ 31627 1014 8 to to TO 31627 1014 9 have have VB 31627 1014 10 commenced commence VBN 31627 1014 11 at at IN 31627 1014 12 the the DT 31627 1014 13 southern southern JJ 31627 1014 14 border border NN 31627 1014 15 of of IN 31627 1014 16 the the DT 31627 1014 17 region region NN 31627 1014 18 in in IN 31627 1014 19 the the DT 31627 1014 20 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1014 21 , , , 31627 1014 22 and and CC 31627 1014 23 travelling travel VBG 31627 1014 24 northwards northward NNS 31627 1014 25 , , , 31627 1014 26 to to TO 31627 1014 27 have have VB 31627 1014 28 broken break VBN 31627 1014 29 out out RP 31627 1014 30 in in IN 31627 1014 31 the the DT 31627 1014 32 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1014 33 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1014 34 region region NN 31627 1014 35 ; ; : 31627 1014 36 finally finally RB 31627 1014 37 terminating terminate VBG 31627 1014 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1014 39 outward outward JJ 31627 1014 40 manifestations manifestation NNS 31627 1014 41 among among IN 31627 1014 42 the the DT 31627 1014 43 craters crater NNS 31627 1014 44 and and CC 31627 1014 45 domes dome NNS 31627 1014 46 of of IN 31627 1014 47 the the DT 31627 1014 48 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1014 49 de de NNP 31627 1014 50 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1014 51 . . . 31627 1015 1 In in IN 31627 1015 2 a a DT 31627 1015 3 similar similar JJ 31627 1015 4 manner manner NN 31627 1015 5 the the DT 31627 1015 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1015 7 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1015 8 of of IN 31627 1015 9 the the DT 31627 1015 10 Haute Haute NNP 31627 1015 11 Loire Loire NNP 31627 1015 12 and and CC 31627 1015 13 Ardèche Ardèche NNP 31627 1015 14 , , , 31627 1015 15 lying lie VBG 31627 1015 16 to to IN 31627 1015 17 the the DT 31627 1015 18 eastward eastward NN 31627 1015 19 , , , 31627 1015 20 and and CC 31627 1015 21 separated separate VBD 31627 1015 22 from from IN 31627 1015 23 those those DT 31627 1015 24 of of IN 31627 1015 25 the the DT 31627 1015 26 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1015 27 by by IN 31627 1015 28 the the DT 31627 1015 29 granitoid granitoid NN 31627 1015 30 ridge ridge NN 31627 1015 31 of of IN 31627 1015 32 the the DT 31627 1015 33 Montagnes Montagnes NNP 31627 1015 34 de de IN 31627 1015 35 Margeride Margeride NNP 31627 1015 36 , , , 31627 1015 37 belong belong VBP 31627 1015 38 to to IN 31627 1015 39 two two CD 31627 1015 40 successive successive JJ 31627 1015 41 periods period NNS 31627 1015 42 referable referable VBP 31627 1015 43 very very RB 31627 1015 44 closely closely RB 31627 1015 45 to to IN 31627 1015 46 those those DT 31627 1015 47 of of IN 31627 1015 48 the the DT 31627 1015 49 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1015 50 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1015 51 and and CC 31627 1015 52 the the DT 31627 1015 53 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1015 54 de de NNP 31627 1015 55 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1015 56 groups group NNS 31627 1015 57 . . . 31627 1016 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1016 2 5 5 LS 31627 1016 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1016 4 The the DT 31627 1016 5 evidence evidence NN 31627 1016 6 in in IN 31627 1016 7 support support NN 31627 1016 8 of of IN 31627 1016 9 this this DT 31627 1016 10 view view NN 31627 1016 11 is be VBZ 31627 1016 12 very very RB 31627 1016 13 clear clear JJ 31627 1016 14 and and CC 31627 1016 15 conclusive conclusive JJ 31627 1016 16 ; ; : 31627 1016 17 for for IN 31627 1016 18 , , , 31627 1016 19 while while IN 31627 1016 20 the the DT 31627 1016 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1016 22 craters crater NNS 31627 1016 23 formed form VBN 31627 1016 24 of of IN 31627 1016 25 ash ash NN 31627 1016 26 , , , 31627 1016 27 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 1016 28 , , , 31627 1016 29 and and CC 31627 1016 30 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 1016 31 , , , 31627 1016 32 together together RB 31627 1016 33 with with IN 31627 1016 34 the the DT 31627 1016 35 rounded rounded JJ 31627 1016 36 domes dome NNS 31627 1016 37 of of IN 31627 1016 38 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1016 39 rock rock NN 31627 1016 40 of of IN 31627 1016 41 which which WDT 31627 1016 42 the the DT 31627 1016 43 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1016 44 de de NNP 31627 1016 45 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1016 46 group group NN 31627 1016 47 is be VBZ 31627 1016 48 composed compose VBN 31627 1016 49 , , , 31627 1016 50 preserve preserve VB 31627 1016 51 the the DT 31627 1016 52 form form NN 31627 1016 53 and and CC 31627 1016 54 surface surface NN 31627 1016 55 indications indication NNS 31627 1016 56 of of IN 31627 1016 57 recently recently RB 31627 1016 58 extinguished extinguish VBN 31627 1016 59 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1016 60 , , , 31627 1016 61 those those DT 31627 1016 62 which which WDT 31627 1016 63 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1016 64 may may MD 31627 1016 65 assume assume VB 31627 1016 66 to to TO 31627 1016 67 have have VB 31627 1016 68 been be VBN 31627 1016 69 piled pile VBN 31627 1016 70 up up RP 31627 1016 71 in in IN 31627 1016 72 the the DT 31627 1016 73 region region NN 31627 1016 74 of of IN 31627 1016 75 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1016 76 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1016 77 and and CC 31627 1016 78 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1016 79 have have VBP 31627 1016 80 been be VBN 31627 1016 81 entirely entirely RB 31627 1016 82 swept sweep VBN 31627 1016 83 away away RB 31627 1016 84 by by IN 31627 1016 85 prolonged prolonged JJ 31627 1016 86 rain rain NN 31627 1016 87 and and CC 31627 1016 88 river river NN 31627 1016 89 action action NN 31627 1016 90 , , , 31627 1016 91 and and CC 31627 1016 92 the the DT 31627 1016 93 sites site NNS 31627 1016 94 of of IN 31627 1016 95 the the DT 31627 1016 96 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1016 97 craters crater NNS 31627 1016 98 and and CC 31627 1016 99 cones cone NNS 31627 1016 100 of of IN 31627 1016 101 eruption eruption NN 31627 1016 102 are be VBP 31627 1016 103 only only RB 31627 1016 104 to to TO 31627 1016 105 be be VB 31627 1016 106 determined determine VBN 31627 1016 107 by by IN 31627 1016 108 tracing trace VBG 31627 1016 109 the the DT 31627 1016 110 great great JJ 31627 1016 111 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1016 112 of of IN 31627 1016 113 lava lava NN 31627 1016 114 up up RP 31627 1016 115 the the DT 31627 1016 116 sides side NNS 31627 1016 117 of of IN 31627 1016 118 the the DT 31627 1016 119 valleys valley NNS 31627 1016 120 to to IN 31627 1016 121 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1016 122 sources source NNS 31627 1016 123 , , , 31627 1016 124 generally generally RB 31627 1016 125 situated situate VBN 31627 1016 126 at at IN 31627 1016 127 the the DT 31627 1016 128 culminating culminate VBG 31627 1016 129 points point NNS 31627 1016 130 of of IN 31627 1016 131 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1016 132 respective respective JJ 31627 1016 133 groups group NNS 31627 1016 134 . . . 31627 1017 1 Other other JJ 31627 1017 2 points point NNS 31627 1017 3 of of IN 31627 1017 4 evidence evidence NN 31627 1017 5 of of IN 31627 1017 6 the the DT 31627 1017 7 great great JJ 31627 1017 8 antiquity antiquity NN 31627 1017 9 of of IN 31627 1017 10 the the DT 31627 1017 11 latter latter JJ 31627 1017 12 groups group NNS 31627 1017 13 might may MD 31627 1017 14 be be VB 31627 1017 15 adduced adduce VBN 31627 1017 16 from from IN 31627 1017 17 the the DT 31627 1017 18 extent extent NN 31627 1017 19 of of IN 31627 1017 20 the the DT 31627 1017 21 erosion erosion NN 31627 1017 22 which which WDT 31627 1017 23 has have VBZ 31627 1017 24 taken take VBN 31627 1017 25 place place NN 31627 1017 26 in in IN 31627 1017 27 the the DT 31627 1017 28 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1017 29 of of IN 31627 1017 30 lava lava NN 31627 1017 31 having have VBG 31627 1017 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1017 33 sources source NNS 31627 1017 34 in in IN 31627 1017 35 the the DT 31627 1017 36 vents vent NNS 31627 1017 37 of of IN 31627 1017 38 the the DT 31627 1017 39 Plomb Plomb NNP 31627 1017 40 du du NNP 31627 1017 41 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1017 42 and and CC 31627 1017 43 of of IN 31627 1017 44 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1017 45 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1017 46 , , , 31627 1017 47 owing owe VBG 31627 1017 48 to to IN 31627 1017 49 which which WDT 31627 1017 50 , , , 31627 1017 51 magnificent magnificent JJ 31627 1017 52 valleys valley NNS 31627 1017 53 , , , 31627 1017 54 many many JJ 31627 1017 55 miles mile NNS 31627 1017 56 in in IN 31627 1017 57 length length NN 31627 1017 58 and and CC 31627 1017 59 hundreds hundred NNS 31627 1017 60 of of IN 31627 1017 61 feet foot NNS 31627 1017 62 in in IN 31627 1017 63 depth depth NN 31627 1017 64 , , , 31627 1017 65 have have VBP 31627 1017 66 been be VBN 31627 1017 67 cut cut VBN 31627 1017 68 out out IN 31627 1017 69 of of IN 31627 1017 70 these these DT 31627 1017 71 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1017 72 of of IN 31627 1017 73 lava lava NN 31627 1017 74 and and CC 31627 1017 75 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1017 76 supporting support VBG 31627 1017 77 rocks rock NNS 31627 1017 78 , , , 31627 1017 79 whether whether IN 31627 1017 80 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1017 81 or or CC 31627 1017 82 lacustrine lacustrine NN 31627 1017 83 , , , 31627 1017 84 and and CC 31627 1017 85 the the DT 31627 1017 86 materials material NNS 31627 1017 87 carried carry VBN 31627 1017 88 away away RP 31627 1017 89 by by IN 31627 1017 90 the the DT 31627 1017 91 streams stream NNS 31627 1017 92 which which WDT 31627 1017 93 flow flow VBP 31627 1017 94 along along IN 31627 1017 95 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1017 96 beds bed NNS 31627 1017 97 . . . 31627 1018 1 These these DT 31627 1018 2 points point NNS 31627 1018 3 will will MD 31627 1018 4 be be VB 31627 1018 5 better well RBR 31627 1018 6 understood understand VBN 31627 1018 7 when when WRB 31627 1018 8 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1018 9 come come VBP 31627 1018 10 to to TO 31627 1018 11 give give VB 31627 1018 12 an an DT 31627 1018 13 account account NN 31627 1018 14 of of IN 31627 1018 15 the the DT 31627 1018 16 several several JJ 31627 1018 17 groups group NNS 31627 1018 18 ; ; : 31627 1018 19 and and CC 31627 1018 20 in in IN 31627 1018 21 doing do VBG 31627 1018 22 so so RB 31627 1018 23 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1018 24 will will MD 31627 1018 25 commence commence VB 31627 1018 26 with with IN 31627 1018 27 that that DT 31627 1018 28 of of IN 31627 1018 29 the the DT 31627 1018 30 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1018 31 . . . 31627 1019 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1019 2 6 6 CD 31627 1019 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1019 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1019 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1019 6 d. d. NNP 31627 1019 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1019 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1019 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1019 10 The the DT 31627 1019 11 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 1019 12 of of IN 31627 1019 13 the the DT 31627 1019 14 Cantal._--The cantal._--the CD 31627 1019 15 original original JJ 31627 1019 16 crater crater NN 31627 1019 17 - - HYPH 31627 1019 18 cones cone NNS 31627 1019 19 of of IN 31627 1019 20 this this DT 31627 1019 21 group group NN 31627 1019 22 have have VBP 31627 1019 23 entirely entirely RB 31627 1019 24 disappeared disappear VBN 31627 1019 25 throughout throughout IN 31627 1019 26 the the DT 31627 1019 27 long long JJ 31627 1019 28 ages age NNS 31627 1019 29 which which WDT 31627 1019 30 have have VBP 31627 1019 31 elapsed elapse VBN 31627 1019 32 since since IN 31627 1019 33 the the DT 31627 1019 34 lava lava NN 31627 1019 35 - - HYPH 31627 1019 36 streams stream NNS 31627 1019 37 issued issue VBN 31627 1019 38 forth forth RB 31627 1019 39 from from IN 31627 1019 40 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1019 41 internal internal JJ 31627 1019 42 reservoirs reservoir NNS 31627 1019 43 . . . 31627 1020 1 The the DT 31627 1020 2 general general JJ 31627 1020 3 figure figure NN 31627 1020 4 of of IN 31627 1020 5 this this DT 31627 1020 6 group group NN 31627 1020 7 of of IN 31627 1020 8 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1020 9 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1020 10 is be VBZ 31627 1020 11 that that DT 31627 1020 12 of of IN 31627 1020 13 a a DT 31627 1020 14 depressed depressed JJ 31627 1020 15 cone cone NN 31627 1020 16 , , , 31627 1020 17 whose whose WP$ 31627 1020 18 sides side NNS 31627 1020 19 slope slope VBP 31627 1020 20 away away RB 31627 1020 21 in in IN 31627 1020 22 all all DT 31627 1020 23 directions direction NNS 31627 1020 24 from from IN 31627 1020 25 the the DT 31627 1020 26 central central JJ 31627 1020 27 heights height NNS 31627 1020 28 , , , 31627 1020 29 which which WDT 31627 1020 30 are be VBP 31627 1020 31 deeply deeply RB 31627 1020 32 eroded erode VBN 31627 1020 33 by by IN 31627 1020 34 streams stream NNS 31627 1020 35 rising rise VBG 31627 1020 36 near near IN 31627 1020 37 the the DT 31627 1020 38 apex apex NN 31627 1020 39 and and CC 31627 1020 40 flowing flow VBG 31627 1020 41 downwards downwards RB 31627 1020 42 in in IN 31627 1020 43 all all DT 31627 1020 44 directions direction NNS 31627 1020 45 towards towards IN 31627 1020 46 the the DT 31627 1020 47 circumference circumference NN 31627 1020 48 of of IN 31627 1020 49 the the DT 31627 1020 50 mountain mountain NN 31627 1020 51 , , , 31627 1020 52 where where WRB 31627 1020 53 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1020 54 enter enter VBP 31627 1020 55 the the DT 31627 1020 56 Lot Lot NNP 31627 1020 57 , , , 31627 1020 58 the the DT 31627 1020 59 Dordogne Dordogne NNP 31627 1020 60 , , , 31627 1020 61 and and CC 31627 1020 62 the the DT 31627 1020 63 Allier Allier NNP 31627 1020 64 . . . 31627 1021 1 The the DT 31627 1021 2 orifice orifice NN 31627 1021 3 of of IN 31627 1021 4 eruption eruption NN 31627 1021 5 was be VBD 31627 1021 6 situated situate VBN 31627 1021 7 at at IN 31627 1021 8 the the DT 31627 1021 9 Plomb Plomb NNP 31627 1021 10 du du NNP 31627 1021 11 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1021 12 , , , 31627 1021 13 formed form VBN 31627 1021 14 of of IN 31627 1021 15 solid solid JJ 31627 1021 16 masses masse NNS 31627 1021 17 of of IN 31627 1021 18 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1021 19 , , , 31627 1021 20 which which WDT 31627 1021 21 , , , 31627 1021 22 owing owing NN 31627 1021 23 , , , 31627 1021 24 as as IN 31627 1021 25 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1021 26 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1021 27 supposes suppose VBZ 31627 1021 28 , , , 31627 1021 29 to to IN 31627 1021 30 a a DT 31627 1021 31 high high JJ 31627 1021 32 degree degree NN 31627 1021 33 of of IN 31627 1021 34 fluidity fluidity NN 31627 1021 35 , , , 31627 1021 36 were be VBD 31627 1021 37 able able JJ 31627 1021 38 to to TO 31627 1021 39 extend extend VB 31627 1021 40 to to IN 31627 1021 41 great great JJ 31627 1021 42 distances distance NNS 31627 1021 43 in in IN 31627 1021 44 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1021 45 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1021 46 , , , 31627 1021 47 and and CC 31627 1021 48 were be VBD 31627 1021 49 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 1021 50 covered cover VBN 31627 1021 51 by by IN 31627 1021 52 repeated repeated JJ 31627 1021 53 and and CC 31627 1021 54 widely widely RB 31627 1021 55 - - HYPH 31627 1021 56 spread spread VBN 31627 1021 57 flows flow NNS 31627 1021 58 of of IN 31627 1021 59 basalt basalt NN 31627 1021 60 ; ; : 31627 1021 61 so so IN 31627 1021 62 that that IN 31627 1021 63 the the DT 31627 1021 64 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1021 65 towards towards IN 31627 1021 66 the the DT 31627 1021 67 margin margin NN 31627 1021 68 of of IN 31627 1021 69 the the DT 31627 1021 70 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1021 71 area area NN 31627 1021 72 becomes become VBZ 31627 1021 73 less less RBR 31627 1021 74 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 31627 1021 75 than than IN 31627 1021 76 the the DT 31627 1021 77 basalt basalt NN 31627 1021 78 by by IN 31627 1021 79 which which WDT 31627 1021 80 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1021 81 is be VBZ 31627 1021 82 more more RBR 31627 1021 83 or or CC 31627 1021 84 less less RBR 31627 1021 85 concealed conceal VBN 31627 1021 86 from from IN 31627 1021 87 view view NN 31627 1021 88 , , , 31627 1021 89 or or CC 31627 1021 90 overlapped overlap VBN 31627 1021 91 . . . 31627 1022 1 Extensive extensive JJ 31627 1022 2 beds bed NNS 31627 1022 3 of of IN 31627 1022 4 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1022 5 and and CC 31627 1022 6 breccia breccia NNP 31627 1022 7 accompany accompany NNP 31627 1022 8 the the DT 31627 1022 9 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1022 10 masses masse NNS 31627 1022 11 . . . 31627 1023 1 Magnificent magnificent JJ 31627 1023 2 sections section NNS 31627 1023 3 of of IN 31627 1023 4 the the DT 31627 1023 5 rocks rock NNS 31627 1023 6 are be VBP 31627 1023 7 laid lay VBN 31627 1023 8 open open JJ 31627 1023 9 to to TO 31627 1023 10 view view VB 31627 1023 11 along along IN 31627 1023 12 the the DT 31627 1023 13 sides side NNS 31627 1023 14 of of IN 31627 1023 15 the the DT 31627 1023 16 valleys valley NNS 31627 1023 17 , , , 31627 1023 18 which which WDT 31627 1023 19 are be VBP 31627 1023 20 steep steep JJ 31627 1023 21 and and CC 31627 1023 22 rock rock NN 31627 1023 23 - - HYPH 31627 1023 24 bound bind VBN 31627 1023 25 . . . 31627 1024 1 Except except IN 31627 1024 2 towards towards IN 31627 1024 3 the the DT 31627 1024 4 south south NN 31627 1024 5 - - HYPH 31627 1024 6 west west NN 31627 1024 7 , , , 31627 1024 8 about about IN 31627 1024 9 Aurillac Aurillac NNP 31627 1024 10 , , , 31627 1024 11 where where WRB 31627 1024 12 lacustrine lacustrine NNP 31627 1024 13 strata strata NNP 31627 1024 14 overlie overlie NNP 31627 1024 15 the the DT 31627 1024 16 granite granite NN 31627 1024 17 , , , 31627 1024 18 the the DT 31627 1024 19 platform platform NN 31627 1024 20 from from IN 31627 1024 21 which which WDT 31627 1024 22 rises rise VBZ 31627 1024 23 the the DT 31627 1024 24 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1024 25 dome dome NN 31627 1024 26 is be VBZ 31627 1024 27 composed compose VBN 31627 1024 28 of of IN 31627 1024 29 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1024 30 or or CC 31627 1024 31 gneissose gneissose JJ 31627 1024 32 rocks rock NNS 31627 1024 33 . . . 31627 1025 1 Accompanying accompany VBG 31627 1025 2 the the DT 31627 1025 3 lava lava NN 31627 1025 4 - - HYPH 31627 1025 5 streams stream NNS 31627 1025 6 are be VBP 31627 1025 7 great great JJ 31627 1025 8 beds bed NNS 31627 1025 9 of of IN 31627 1025 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1025 11 agglomerate agglomerate NN 31627 1025 12 , , , 31627 1025 13 which which WDT 31627 1025 14 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1025 15 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1025 16 considers consider VBZ 31627 1025 17 to to TO 31627 1025 18 have have VB 31627 1025 19 been be VBN 31627 1025 20 formed form VBN 31627 1025 21 contemporaneously contemporaneously RB 31627 1025 22 with with IN 31627 1025 23 the the DT 31627 1025 24 lava lava NN 31627 1025 25 which which WDT 31627 1025 26 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1025 27 envelop envelop VBP 31627 1025 28 , , , 31627 1025 29 and and CC 31627 1025 30 to to TO 31627 1025 31 be be VB 31627 1025 32 due due IN 31627 1025 33 to to IN 31627 1025 34 torrents torrent NNS 31627 1025 35 of of IN 31627 1025 36 water water NN 31627 1025 37 tumultuously tumultuously RB 31627 1025 38 descending descend VBG 31627 1025 39 the the DT 31627 1025 40 sides side NNS 31627 1025 41 of of IN 31627 1025 42 the the DT 31627 1025 43 volcano volcano NN 31627 1025 44 at at IN 31627 1025 45 periods period NNS 31627 1025 46 of of IN 31627 1025 47 eruption eruption NN 31627 1025 48 , , , 31627 1025 49 and and CC 31627 1025 50 bearing bear VBG 31627 1025 51 down down RP 31627 1025 52 immense immense JJ 31627 1025 53 volumes volume NNS 31627 1025 54 of of IN 31627 1025 55 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1025 56 fragmental fragmental NN 31627 1025 57 _ _ NNP 31627 1025 58 ejecta ejecta NNP 31627 1025 59 _ _ NNP 31627 1025 60 in in IN 31627 1025 61 company company NN 31627 1025 62 with with IN 31627 1025 63 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1025 64 lava lava NN 31627 1025 65 - - HYPH 31627 1025 66 streams stream NNS 31627 1025 67 . . . 31627 1026 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1026 2 7 7 LS 31627 1026 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1026 4 Nowhere nowhere RB 31627 1026 5 throughout throughout IN 31627 1026 6 this this DT 31627 1026 7 region region NN 31627 1026 8 do do VBP 31627 1026 9 beds bed NNS 31627 1026 10 of of IN 31627 1026 11 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1026 12 and and CC 31627 1026 13 basalt basalt NN 31627 1026 14 alternate alternate JJ 31627 1026 15 with with IN 31627 1026 16 one one CD 31627 1026 17 another another DT 31627 1026 18 ; ; : 31627 1026 19 in in IN 31627 1026 20 all all DT 31627 1026 21 cases case NNS 31627 1026 22 the the DT 31627 1026 23 basalt basalt NN 31627 1026 24 is be VBZ 31627 1026 25 the the DT 31627 1026 26 newer new JJR 31627 1026 27 of of IN 31627 1026 28 the the DT 31627 1026 29 two two CD 31627 1026 30 varieties variety NNS 31627 1026 31 of of IN 31627 1026 32 rock rock NN 31627 1026 33 , , , 31627 1026 34 and and CC 31627 1026 35 this this DT 31627 1026 36 is be VBZ 31627 1026 37 generally generally RB 31627 1026 38 the the DT 31627 1026 39 case case NN 31627 1026 40 throughout throughout IN 31627 1026 41 the the DT 31627 1026 42 region region NN 31627 1026 43 here here RB 31627 1026 44 described describe VBN 31627 1026 45 . . . 31627 1027 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1027 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1027 3 e. e. NNP 31627 1027 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1027 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1027 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1027 7 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 1027 8 of of IN 31627 1027 9 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1027 10 Dore._--This Dore._--This NNP 31627 1027 11 mountain mountain NN 31627 1027 12 lies lie VBZ 31627 1027 13 to to IN 31627 1027 14 the the DT 31627 1027 15 north north NN 31627 1027 16 of of IN 31627 1027 17 that that DT 31627 1027 18 of of IN 31627 1027 19 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1027 20 , , , 31627 1027 21 and and CC 31627 1027 22 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 1027 23 resembles resemble VBZ 31627 1027 24 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1027 25 in in IN 31627 1027 26 general general JJ 31627 1027 27 structure structure NN 31627 1027 28 and and CC 31627 1027 29 configuration configuration NN 31627 1027 30 . . . 31627 1028 1 Like like IN 31627 1028 2 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1028 3 , , , 31627 1028 4 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1028 5 is be VBZ 31627 1028 6 destitute destitute JJ 31627 1028 7 of of IN 31627 1028 8 any any DT 31627 1028 9 distinct distinct JJ 31627 1028 10 crater crater NN 31627 1028 11 ; ; , 31627 1028 12 all all DT 31627 1028 13 that that WDT 31627 1028 14 is be VBZ 31627 1028 15 left leave VBN 31627 1028 16 of of IN 31627 1028 17 the the DT 31627 1028 18 central central JJ 31627 1028 19 focus focus NN 31627 1028 20 of of IN 31627 1028 21 eruption eruption NN 31627 1028 22 being be VBG 31627 1028 23 the the DT 31627 1028 24 solidified solidified JJ 31627 1028 25 matter matter NN 31627 1028 26 which which WDT 31627 1028 27 filled fill VBD 31627 1028 28 the the DT 31627 1028 29 throat throat NN 31627 1028 30 of of IN 31627 1028 31 the the DT 31627 1028 32 original original JJ 31627 1028 33 volcano volcano NN 31627 1028 34 , , , 31627 1028 35 and and CC 31627 1028 36 which which WDT 31627 1028 37 forms form VBZ 31627 1028 38 a a DT 31627 1028 39 rocky rocky JJ 31627 1028 40 mass mass NN 31627 1028 41 of of IN 31627 1028 42 lava lava NN 31627 1028 43 , , , 31627 1028 44 rising rise VBG 31627 1028 45 in in IN 31627 1028 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1028 47 highest high JJS 31627 1028 48 point point NN 31627 1028 49 , , , 31627 1028 50 the the DT 31627 1028 51 Pic Pic NNP 31627 1028 52 de de NNP 31627 1028 53 Saucy Saucy NNP 31627 1028 54 , , , 31627 1028 55 to to IN 31627 1028 56 an an DT 31627 1028 57 elevation elevation NN 31627 1028 58 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1028 59 as as IN 31627 1028 60 given give VBN 31627 1028 61 by by IN 31627 1028 62 Ramond Ramond NNP 31627 1028 63 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1028 64 of of IN 31627 1028 65 6258 6258 CD 31627 1028 66 feet foot NNS 31627 1028 67 above above IN 31627 1028 68 the the DT 31627 1028 69 level level NN 31627 1028 70 of of IN 31627 1028 71 the the DT 31627 1028 72 sea sea NN 31627 1028 73 , , , 31627 1028 74 thus thus RB 31627 1028 75 exceeding exceed VBG 31627 1028 76 that that DT 31627 1028 77 of of IN 31627 1028 78 the the DT 31627 1028 79 Plomb Plomb NNP 31627 1028 80 du du NNP 31627 1028 81 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1028 82 by by IN 31627 1028 83 128 128 CD 31627 1028 84 feet foot NNS 31627 1028 85 . . . 31627 1029 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1029 2 figure figure NN 31627 1029 3 will will MD 31627 1029 4 be be VB 31627 1029 5 best best RB 31627 1029 6 understood understand VBN 31627 1029 7 by by IN 31627 1029 8 supposing suppose VBG 31627 1029 9 seven seven CD 31627 1029 10 or or CC 31627 1029 11 eight eight CD 31627 1029 12 rocky rocky JJ 31627 1029 13 summits summit NNS 31627 1029 14 grouped group VBN 31627 1029 15 together together RB 31627 1029 16 within within IN 31627 1029 17 a a DT 31627 1029 18 circle circle NN 31627 1029 19 of of IN 31627 1029 20 about about RB 31627 1029 21 a a DT 31627 1029 22 mile mile NN 31627 1029 23 in in IN 31627 1029 24 diameter diameter NN 31627 1029 25 , , , 31627 1029 26 from from IN 31627 1029 27 whence whence NN 31627 1029 28 , , , 31627 1029 29 as as IN 31627 1029 30 from from IN 31627 1029 31 the the DT 31627 1029 32 apex apex NN 31627 1029 33 of of IN 31627 1029 34 an an DT 31627 1029 35 irregular irregular JJ 31627 1029 36 and and CC 31627 1029 37 flattened flatten VBD 31627 1029 38 cone cone NN 31627 1029 39 , , , 31627 1029 40 all all PDT 31627 1029 41 the the DT 31627 1029 42 sides side NNS 31627 1029 43 slope slope VBP 31627 1029 44 more more RBR 31627 1029 45 or or CC 31627 1029 46 less less RBR 31627 1029 47 rapidly rapidly RB 31627 1029 48 downwards downwards RB 31627 1029 49 , , , 31627 1029 50 until until IN 31627 1029 51 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1029 52 inclination inclination NN 31627 1029 53 is be VBZ 31627 1029 54 gradually gradually RB 31627 1029 55 lost lose VBN 31627 1029 56 in in IN 31627 1029 57 the the DT 31627 1029 58 plain plain NN 31627 1029 59 around around RB 31627 1029 60 . . . 31627 1030 1 This this DT 31627 1030 2 dome dome NN 31627 1030 3 - - HYPH 31627 1030 4 shaped shape VBN 31627 1030 5 mass mass NN 31627 1030 6 has have VBZ 31627 1030 7 been be VBN 31627 1030 8 deeply deeply RB 31627 1030 9 eroded erode VBN 31627 1030 10 on on IN 31627 1030 11 opposite opposite JJ 31627 1030 12 sides side NNS 31627 1030 13 by by IN 31627 1030 14 the the DT 31627 1030 15 valleys valley NNS 31627 1030 16 of of IN 31627 1030 17 the the DT 31627 1030 18 Dordogne Dordogne NNP 31627 1030 19 and and CC 31627 1030 20 Chambon Chambon NNP 31627 1030 21 ; ; : 31627 1030 22 while while IN 31627 1030 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1030 24 is be VBZ 31627 1030 25 further far RBR 31627 1030 26 furrowed furrow VBN 31627 1030 27 by by IN 31627 1030 28 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1030 29 minor minor JJ 31627 1030 30 streams stream NNS 31627 1030 31 . . . 31627 1031 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1031 2 8 8 LS 31627 1031 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1031 4 The the DT 31627 1031 5 great great JJ 31627 1031 6 beds bed NNS 31627 1031 7 of of IN 31627 1031 8 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1031 9 rock rock NN 31627 1031 10 , , , 31627 1031 11 disposed dispose VBD 31627 1031 12 as as IN 31627 1031 13 above above RB 31627 1031 14 stated state VBN 31627 1031 15 , , , 31627 1031 16 consist consist VB 31627 1031 17 of of IN 31627 1031 18 prodigious prodigious JJ 31627 1031 19 layers layer NNS 31627 1031 20 of of IN 31627 1031 21 scoriæ scoriæ NN 31627 1031 22 , , , 31627 1031 23 pumice pumice NN 31627 1031 24 - - HYPH 31627 1031 25 stones stone NNS 31627 1031 26 , , , 31627 1031 27 and and CC 31627 1031 28 detritus detritus NNP 31627 1031 29 , , , 31627 1031 30 alternating alternate VBG 31627 1031 31 with with IN 31627 1031 32 beds bed NNS 31627 1031 33 of of IN 31627 1031 34 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1031 35 and and CC 31627 1031 36 basalt basalt NN 31627 1031 37 , , , 31627 1031 38 which which WDT 31627 1031 39 often often RB 31627 1031 40 descend descend VBP 31627 1031 41 in in IN 31627 1031 42 uninterrupted uninterrupted JJ 31627 1031 43 currents current NNS 31627 1031 44 till till IN 31627 1031 45 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1031 46 reach reach VBP 31627 1031 47 the the DT 31627 1031 48 granite granite NN 31627 1031 49 platform platform NN 31627 1031 50 , , , 31627 1031 51 and and CC 31627 1031 52 then then RB 31627 1031 53 spread spread VB 31627 1031 54 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 1031 55 for for IN 31627 1031 56 miles mile NNS 31627 1031 57 around around RB 31627 1031 58 . . . 31627 1032 1 The the DT 31627 1032 2 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1032 3 of of IN 31627 1032 4 basalt basalt NN 31627 1032 5 are be VBP 31627 1032 6 found find VBN 31627 1032 7 to to TO 31627 1032 8 stretch stretch VB 31627 1032 9 to to IN 31627 1032 10 greater great JJR 31627 1032 11 distances distance NNS 31627 1032 12 than than IN 31627 1032 13 those those DT 31627 1032 14 of of IN 31627 1032 15 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1032 16 , , , 31627 1032 17 and and CC 31627 1032 18 have have VBP 31627 1032 19 flowed flow VBN 31627 1032 20 as as RB 31627 1032 21 far far RB 31627 1032 22 as as IN 31627 1032 23 15 15 CD 31627 1032 24 or or CC 31627 1032 25 20 20 CD 31627 1032 26 miles mile NNS 31627 1032 27 from from IN 31627 1032 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1032 29 orifices orifice NNS 31627 1032 30 of of IN 31627 1032 31 eruption eruption NN 31627 1032 32 ; ; : 31627 1032 33 while while IN 31627 1032 34 in in IN 31627 1032 35 some some DT 31627 1032 36 cases case NNS 31627 1032 37 , , , 31627 1032 38 on on IN 31627 1032 39 the the DT 31627 1032 40 east east JJ 31627 1032 41 and and CC 31627 1032 42 north north NN 31627 1032 43 sides side NNS 31627 1032 44 , , , 31627 1032 45 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1032 46 have have VBP 31627 1032 47 extended extend VBN 31627 1032 48 as as RB 31627 1032 49 far far RB 31627 1032 50 as as IN 31627 1032 51 25 25 CD 31627 1032 52 or or CC 31627 1032 53 30 30 CD 31627 1032 54 miles mile NNS 31627 1032 55 from from IN 31627 1032 56 the the DT 31627 1032 57 central central JJ 31627 1032 58 height height NN 31627 1032 59 . . . 31627 1033 1 On on IN 31627 1033 2 the the DT 31627 1033 3 other other JJ 31627 1033 4 hand hand NN 31627 1033 5 , , , 31627 1033 6 a a DT 31627 1033 7 radius radius NN 31627 1033 8 of of IN 31627 1033 9 about about RB 31627 1033 10 ten ten CD 31627 1033 11 miles mile NNS 31627 1033 12 from from IN 31627 1033 13 the the DT 31627 1033 14 centre centre NN 31627 1033 15 would would MD 31627 1033 16 probably probably RB 31627 1033 17 include include VB 31627 1033 18 all all PDT 31627 1033 19 the the DT 31627 1033 20 streams stream NNS 31627 1033 21 of of IN 31627 1033 22 trachyte;--so trachyte;--so NNP 31627 1033 23 much much RB 31627 1033 24 greater great JJR 31627 1033 25 has have VBZ 31627 1033 26 been be VBN 31627 1033 27 the the DT 31627 1033 28 viscosity viscosity NN 31627 1033 29 of of IN 31627 1033 30 the the DT 31627 1033 31 basalt basalt NN 31627 1033 32 over over IN 31627 1033 33 the the DT 31627 1033 34 latter latter JJ 31627 1033 35 rock rock NN 31627 1033 36 . . . 31627 1034 1 Some some DT 31627 1034 2 portions portion NNS 31627 1034 3 of of IN 31627 1034 4 these these DT 31627 1034 5 great great JJ 31627 1034 6 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1034 7 of of IN 31627 1034 8 lava lava NN 31627 1034 9 , , , 31627 1034 10 cut cut VBN 31627 1034 11 off off RP 31627 1034 12 by by IN 31627 1034 13 river river NN 31627 1034 14 valleys valley NNS 31627 1034 15 or or CC 31627 1034 16 eroded erode VBN 31627 1034 17 areas area NNS 31627 1034 18 from from IN 31627 1034 19 the the DT 31627 1034 20 main main JJ 31627 1034 21 mass mass NN 31627 1034 22 of of IN 31627 1034 23 which which WDT 31627 1034 24 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1034 25 once once RB 31627 1034 26 formed form VBD 31627 1034 27 a a DT 31627 1034 28 part part NN 31627 1034 29 , , , 31627 1034 30 are be VBP 31627 1034 31 found find VBN 31627 1034 32 forming form VBG 31627 1034 33 isolated isolated JJ 31627 1034 34 terraces terrace NNS 31627 1034 35 and and CC 31627 1034 36 plateaux plateaux VB 31627 1034 37 either either CC 31627 1034 38 on on IN 31627 1034 39 the the DT 31627 1034 40 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1034 41 platform platform NN 31627 1034 42 , , , 31627 1034 43 or or CC 31627 1034 44 resting rest VBG 31627 1034 45 on on IN 31627 1034 46 the the DT 31627 1034 47 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1034 48 - - HYPH 31627 1034 49 water water NN 31627 1034 50 strata strata NN 31627 1034 51 of of IN 31627 1034 52 the the DT 31627 1034 53 valley valley NN 31627 1034 54 of of IN 31627 1034 55 the the DT 31627 1034 56 Allier Allier NNP 31627 1034 57 , , , 31627 1034 58 while while IN 31627 1034 59 in in IN 31627 1034 60 a a DT 31627 1034 61 northern northern JJ 31627 1034 62 direction direction NN 31627 1034 63 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1034 64 overspread overspread VBP 31627 1034 65 a a DT 31627 1034 66 large large JJ 31627 1034 67 portion portion NN 31627 1034 68 of of IN 31627 1034 69 the the DT 31627 1034 70 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1034 71 plateau plateau NN 31627 1034 72 from from IN 31627 1034 73 which which WDT 31627 1034 74 rise rise VBP 31627 1034 75 the the DT 31627 1034 76 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1034 77 de de NNP 31627 1034 78 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1034 79 and and CC 31627 1034 80 associated associate VBD 31627 1034 81 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1034 82 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1034 83 . . . 31627 1035 1 Still still RB 31627 1035 2 more more RBR 31627 1035 3 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1035 4 are be VBP 31627 1035 5 the the DT 31627 1035 6 cases case NNS 31627 1035 7 in in IN 31627 1035 8 which which WDT 31627 1035 9 these these DT 31627 1035 10 lava lava NN 31627 1035 11 - - HYPH 31627 1035 12 streams stream NNS 31627 1035 13 have have VBP 31627 1035 14 descended descend VBN 31627 1035 15 into into IN 31627 1035 16 the the DT 31627 1035 17 old old JJ 31627 1035 18 river river NN 31627 1035 19 channels channel NNS 31627 1035 20 which which WDT 31627 1035 21 drained drain VBD 31627 1035 22 the the DT 31627 1035 23 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1035 24 plateau plateau NN 31627 1035 25 . . . 31627 1036 1 Thus thus RB 31627 1036 2 the the DT 31627 1036 3 current current NN 31627 1036 4 which which WDT 31627 1036 5 took take VBD 31627 1036 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1036 7 origin origin NN 31627 1036 8 in in IN 31627 1036 9 the the DT 31627 1036 10 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1036 11 Gros Gros NNP 31627 1036 12 descended descend VBD 31627 1036 13 into into IN 31627 1036 14 the the DT 31627 1036 15 valley valley NN 31627 1036 16 of of IN 31627 1036 17 the the DT 31627 1036 18 Dordogne Dordogne NNP 31627 1036 19 , , , 31627 1036 20 while while IN 31627 1036 21 another another DT 31627 1036 22 stream stream NN 31627 1036 23 invaded invade VBD 31627 1036 24 the the DT 31627 1036 25 gorge gorge NN 31627 1036 26 of of IN 31627 1036 27 Champeix Champeix NNP 31627 1036 28 on on IN 31627 1036 29 the the DT 31627 1036 30 eastern eastern JJ 31627 1036 31 side side NN 31627 1036 32 . . . 31627 1037 1 The the DT 31627 1037 2 more more RBR 31627 1037 3 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1037 4 lava lava NN 31627 1037 5 - - HYPH 31627 1037 6 streams stream NNS 31627 1037 7 just just RB 31627 1037 8 described describe VBN 31627 1037 9 are be VBP 31627 1037 10 invaded invade VBN 31627 1037 11 by by IN 31627 1037 12 currents current NNS 31627 1037 13 and and CC 31627 1037 14 surmounted surmount VBN 31627 1037 15 by by IN 31627 1037 16 cones cone NNS 31627 1037 17 of of IN 31627 1037 18 eruption eruption NN 31627 1037 19 of of IN 31627 1037 20 more more JJR 31627 1037 21 recent recent JJ 31627 1037 22 date date NN 31627 1037 23 , , , 31627 1037 24 similar similar JJ 31627 1037 25 to to IN 31627 1037 26 those those DT 31627 1037 27 of of IN 31627 1037 28 the the DT 31627 1037 29 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1037 30 de de NNP 31627 1037 31 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1037 32 group group NN 31627 1037 33 lying lie VBG 31627 1037 34 to to IN 31627 1037 35 the the DT 31627 1037 36 northward northward NN 31627 1037 37 . . . 31627 1038 1 Such such JJ 31627 1038 2 cones cone NNS 31627 1038 3 and and CC 31627 1038 4 currents current NNS 31627 1038 5 , , , 31627 1038 6 amongst amongst IN 31627 1038 7 which which WDT 31627 1038 8 are be VBP 31627 1038 9 the the DT 31627 1038 10 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1038 11 de de NNP 31627 1038 12 Tartaret Tartaret NNP 31627 1038 13 and and CC 31627 1038 14 that that IN 31627 1038 15 of of IN 31627 1038 16 Montenard Montenard NNP 31627 1038 17 , , , 31627 1038 18 present present VB 31627 1038 19 exactly exactly RB 31627 1038 20 the the DT 31627 1038 21 same same JJ 31627 1038 22 characters character NNS 31627 1038 23 as as IN 31627 1038 24 those those DT 31627 1038 25 of of IN 31627 1038 26 this this DT 31627 1038 27 group group NN 31627 1038 28 , , , 31627 1038 29 to to TO 31627 1038 30 which which WDT 31627 1038 31 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1038 32 shall shall MD 31627 1038 33 return return VB 31627 1038 34 further further RB 31627 1038 35 on on RB 31627 1038 36 . . . 31627 1039 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1039 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1039 3 f. f. NNP 31627 1039 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1039 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1039 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1039 7 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 1039 8 of of IN 31627 1039 9 the the DT 31627 1039 10 Haute Haute NNP 31627 1039 11 Loire Loire NNP 31627 1039 12 and and CC 31627 1039 13 Ardèche._--Separated ardèche._--separate VBN 31627 1039 14 by by IN 31627 1039 15 the the DT 31627 1039 16 valley valley NN 31627 1039 17 of of IN 31627 1039 18 the the DT 31627 1039 19 Allier Allier NNP 31627 1039 20 and and CC 31627 1039 21 the the DT 31627 1039 22 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1039 23 ridge ridge NN 31627 1039 24 of of IN 31627 1039 25 La La NNP 31627 1039 26 Margeride Margeride NNP 31627 1039 27 from from IN 31627 1039 28 the the DT 31627 1039 29 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1039 30 regions region NNS 31627 1039 31 of of IN 31627 1039 32 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1039 33 and and CC 31627 1039 34 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1039 35 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1039 36 is be VBZ 31627 1039 37 another another DT 31627 1039 38 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1039 39 region region NN 31627 1039 40 of of IN 31627 1039 41 great great JJ 31627 1039 42 extent extent NN 31627 1039 43 , , , 31627 1039 44 which which WDT 31627 1039 45 reaches reach VBZ 31627 1039 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1039 47 highest high JJS 31627 1039 48 elevation elevation NN 31627 1039 49 in in IN 31627 1039 50 the the DT 31627 1039 51 central central JJ 31627 1039 52 points point NNS 31627 1039 53 of of IN 31627 1039 54 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1039 55 Mezen Mezen NNP 31627 1039 56 , , , 31627 1039 57 attaining attain VBG 31627 1039 58 an an DT 31627 1039 59 elevation elevation NN 31627 1039 60 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1039 61 according accord VBG 31627 1039 62 to to IN 31627 1039 63 Cordier Cordier NNP 31627 1039 64 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1039 65 of of IN 31627 1039 66 5820 5820 CD 31627 1039 67 feet foot NNS 31627 1039 68 , , , 31627 1039 69 and and CC 31627 1039 70 formed form VBN 31627 1039 71 of of IN 31627 1039 72 " " `` 31627 1039 73 clinkstone clinkstone NN 31627 1039 74 . . . 31627 1039 75 " " '' 31627 1040 1 The the DT 31627 1040 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1040 3 products product NNS 31627 1040 4 of of IN 31627 1040 5 Mezen Mezen NNP 31627 1040 6 have have VBP 31627 1040 7 been be VBN 31627 1040 8 erupted erupt VBN 31627 1040 9 from from IN 31627 1040 10 one one CD 31627 1040 11 central central JJ 31627 1040 12 orifice orifice NN 31627 1040 13 of of IN 31627 1040 14 vast vast JJ 31627 1040 15 size size NN 31627 1040 16 , , , 31627 1040 17 and and CC 31627 1040 18 consist consist VB 31627 1040 19 mainly mainly RB 31627 1040 20 of of IN 31627 1040 21 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1040 22 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1040 23 of of IN 31627 1040 24 " " `` 31627 1040 25 clinkstone clinkstone NN 31627 1040 26 , , , 31627 1040 27 " " '' 31627 1040 28 a a DT 31627 1040 29 variety variety NN 31627 1040 30 of of IN 31627 1040 31 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1040 32 lava lava NN 31627 1040 33 , , , 31627 1040 34 which which WDT 31627 1040 35 have have VBP 31627 1040 36 taken take VBN 31627 1040 37 courses course NNS 31627 1040 38 mainly mainly RB 31627 1040 39 towards towards IN 31627 1040 40 the the DT 31627 1040 41 north north NN 31627 1040 42 - - HYPH 31627 1040 43 west west NN 31627 1040 44 and and CC 31627 1040 45 south south NN 31627 1040 46 - - HYPH 31627 1040 47 east east NN 31627 1040 48 . . . 31627 1041 1 These these DT 31627 1041 2 great great JJ 31627 1041 3 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1041 4 , , , 31627 1041 5 one one CD 31627 1041 6 of of IN 31627 1041 7 which which WDT 31627 1041 8 appears appear VBZ 31627 1041 9 to to TO 31627 1041 10 have have VB 31627 1041 11 covered cover VBN 31627 1041 12 a a DT 31627 1041 13 space space NN 31627 1041 14 more more JJR 31627 1041 15 than than IN 31627 1041 16 26 26 CD 31627 1041 17 miles mile NNS 31627 1041 18 in in IN 31627 1041 19 length length NN 31627 1041 20 with with IN 31627 1041 21 an an DT 31627 1041 22 average average JJ 31627 1041 23 breadth breadth NN 31627 1041 24 of of IN 31627 1041 25 6 6 CD 31627 1041 26 miles mile NNS 31627 1041 27 , , , 31627 1041 28 thus thus RB 31627 1041 29 overspreading overspread VBG 31627 1041 30 an an DT 31627 1041 31 estimated estimate VBN 31627 1041 32 area area NN 31627 1041 33 of of IN 31627 1041 34 156 156 CD 31627 1041 35 square square JJ 31627 1041 36 miles mile NNS 31627 1041 37 , , , 31627 1041 38 has have VBZ 31627 1041 39 been be VBN 31627 1041 40 deeply deeply RB 31627 1041 41 eroded erode VBN 31627 1041 42 by by IN 31627 1041 43 streams stream NNS 31627 1041 44 draining drain VBG 31627 1041 45 into into IN 31627 1041 46 the the DT 31627 1041 47 Loire Loire NNP 31627 1041 48 , , , 31627 1041 49 along along IN 31627 1041 50 whose whose WP$ 31627 1041 51 banks bank NNS 31627 1041 52 the the DT 31627 1041 53 rocks rock NNS 31627 1041 54 tower tower NNP 31627 1041 55 in in IN 31627 1041 56 lofty lofty JJ 31627 1041 57 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1041 58 ; ; : 31627 1041 59 while while IN 31627 1041 60 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1041 61 has have VBZ 31627 1041 62 also also RB 31627 1041 63 suffered suffer VBN 31627 1041 64 enormous enormous JJ 31627 1041 65 denudation denudation NN 31627 1041 66 , , , 31627 1041 67 by by IN 31627 1041 68 which which WDT 31627 1041 69 outlying outlying JJ 31627 1041 70 fragments fragment NNS 31627 1041 71 are be VBP 31627 1041 72 disconnected disconnect VBN 31627 1041 73 from from IN 31627 1041 74 the the DT 31627 1041 75 main main JJ 31627 1041 76 mass mass NN 31627 1041 77 , , , 31627 1041 78 and and CC 31627 1041 79 form form VB 31627 1041 80 flat flat JJ 31627 1041 81 - - HYPH 31627 1041 82 topped top VBN 31627 1041 83 hills hill NNS 31627 1041 84 and and CC 31627 1041 85 plateaux plateaux VB 31627 1041 86 as as RB 31627 1041 87 far far RB 31627 1041 88 distant distant JJ 31627 1041 89 as as IN 31627 1041 90 Roche Roche NNP 31627 1041 91 en en NNP 31627 1041 92 Reigner Reigner NNP 31627 1041 93 and and CC 31627 1041 94 Beauzac Beauzac NNP 31627 1041 95 , , , 31627 1041 96 at at IN 31627 1041 97 the the DT 31627 1041 98 extreme extreme JJ 31627 1041 99 distance distance NN 31627 1041 100 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1041 101 as as IN 31627 1041 102 stated state VBN 31627 1041 103 above above IN 31627 1041 104 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1041 105 of of IN 31627 1041 106 26 26 CD 31627 1041 107 miles mile NNS 31627 1041 108 from from IN 31627 1041 109 the the DT 31627 1041 110 source source NN 31627 1041 111 of of IN 31627 1041 112 eruption eruption NN 31627 1041 113 . . . 31627 1042 1 But but CC 31627 1042 2 even even RB 31627 1042 3 more more RBR 31627 1042 4 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1042 5 than than IN 31627 1042 6 the the DT 31627 1042 7 above above JJ 31627 1042 8 are be VBP 31627 1042 9 the the DT 31627 1042 10 vast vast JJ 31627 1042 11 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1042 12 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1042 13 which which WDT 31627 1042 14 stretch stretch VBP 31627 1042 15 away away RB 31627 1042 16 for for IN 31627 1042 17 a a DT 31627 1042 18 distance distance NN 31627 1042 19 of of IN 31627 1042 20 30 30 CD 31627 1042 21 miles mile NNS 31627 1042 22 by by IN 31627 1042 23 Privas Privas NNP 31627 1042 24 almost almost RB 31627 1042 25 to to IN 31627 1042 26 the the DT 31627 1042 27 banks bank NNS 31627 1042 28 of of IN 31627 1042 29 the the DT 31627 1042 30 Rhône Rhône NNP 31627 1042 31 , , , 31627 1042 32 opposite opposite JJ 31627 1042 33 Montlimart Montlimart NNP 31627 1042 34 . . . 31627 1043 1 These these DT 31627 1043 2 have have VBP 31627 1043 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1043 4 origin origin NN 31627 1043 5 amongst amongst IN 31627 1043 6 the the DT 31627 1043 7 clinkstone clinkstone NN 31627 1043 8 heights height NNS 31627 1043 9 of of IN 31627 1043 10 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1043 11 Mezen Mezen NNP 31627 1043 12 , , , 31627 1043 13 and and CC 31627 1043 14 taking take VBG 31627 1043 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1043 16 course course NN 31627 1043 17 along along IN 31627 1043 18 the the DT 31627 1043 19 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1043 20 plateau plateau NN 31627 1043 21 in in IN 31627 1043 22 a a DT 31627 1043 23 south south RB 31627 1043 24 - - HYPH 31627 1043 25 easterly easterly JJ 31627 1043 26 direction direction NN 31627 1043 27 , , , 31627 1043 28 ultimately ultimately RB 31627 1043 29 pass pass VB 31627 1043 30 over over RP 31627 1043 31 on on IN 31627 1043 32 to to IN 31627 1043 33 the the DT 31627 1043 34 Jurassic Jurassic NNP 31627 1043 35 and and CC 31627 1043 36 Cretaceous cretaceous JJ 31627 1043 37 formations formation NNS 31627 1043 38 composing compose VBG 31627 1043 39 the the DT 31627 1043 40 plateau plateau NN 31627 1043 41 of of IN 31627 1043 42 the the DT 31627 1043 43 Coiron Coiron NNP 31627 1043 44 , , , 31627 1043 45 which which WDT 31627 1043 46 break break VBP 31627 1043 47 off off RP 31627 1043 48 in in IN 31627 1043 49 vertical vertical JJ 31627 1043 50 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1043 51 from from IN 31627 1043 52 300 300 CD 31627 1043 53 to to TO 31627 1043 54 400 400 CD 31627 1043 55 feet foot NNS 31627 1043 56 in in IN 31627 1043 57 height height NN 31627 1043 58 , , , 31627 1043 59 surmounting surmount VBG 31627 1043 60 the the DT 31627 1043 61 slopes slope NNS 31627 1043 62 that that WDT 31627 1043 63 rise rise VBP 31627 1043 64 from from IN 31627 1043 65 the the DT 31627 1043 66 banks bank NNS 31627 1043 67 of of IN 31627 1043 68 the the DT 31627 1043 69 Ardèche Ardèche NNP 31627 1043 70 and and CC 31627 1043 71 Escourtais Escourtais NNP 31627 1043 72 rivers river NNS 31627 1043 73 near near IN 31627 1043 74 Villeneuve Villeneuve NNP 31627 1043 75 de de FW 31627 1043 76 Bere Bere NNP 31627 1043 77 . . . 31627 1044 1 This this DT 31627 1044 2 is be VBZ 31627 1044 3 probably probably RB 31627 1044 4 one one CD 31627 1044 5 of of IN 31627 1044 6 the the DT 31627 1044 7 most most RBS 31627 1044 8 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1044 9 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1044 10 of of IN 31627 1044 11 basalt basalt NN 31627 1044 12 with with IN 31627 1044 13 which which WDT 31627 1044 14 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1044 15 are be VBP 31627 1044 16 acquainted acquaint VBN 31627 1044 17 in in IN 31627 1044 18 the the DT 31627 1044 19 European european JJ 31627 1044 20 area area NN 31627 1044 21 , , , 31627 1044 22 and and CC 31627 1044 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1044 24 is be VBZ 31627 1044 25 only only RB 31627 1044 26 a a DT 31627 1044 27 remnant remnant NN 31627 1044 28 of of IN 31627 1044 29 a a DT 31627 1044 30 vastly vastly RB 31627 1044 31 greater great JJR 31627 1044 32 original original JJ 31627 1044 33 sheet sheet NN 31627 1044 34 . . . 31627 1045 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1045 2 9 9 CD 31627 1045 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1045 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1045 5 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1045 6 : : : 31627 1045 7 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1045 8 . . . 31627 1046 1 19.--Mont 19.--mont ADD 31627 1046 2 Demise Demise NNP 31627 1046 3 , , , 31627 1046 4 near near IN 31627 1046 5 Le Le NNP 31627 1046 6 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1046 7 , , , 31627 1046 8 seen see VBN 31627 1046 9 from from IN 31627 1046 10 the the DT 31627 1046 11 S.E. S.E. NNP 31627 1047 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1047 2 After after IN 31627 1047 3 Scrope.)--1 Scrope.)--1 NNP 31627 1047 4 . . . 31627 1048 1 Building building NN 31627 1048 2 standing stand VBG 31627 1048 3 on on IN 31627 1048 4 old old JJ 31627 1048 5 breccia breccia NN 31627 1048 6 , , , 31627 1048 7 rocks rock NNS 31627 1048 8 of of IN 31627 1048 9 the the DT 31627 1048 10 Col Col NNP 31627 1048 11 ; ; : 31627 1048 12 2 2 CD 31627 1048 13 . . . 31627 1049 1 Road road NN 31627 1049 2 to to IN 31627 1049 3 Brioude Brioude NNP 31627 1049 4 ; ; : 31627 1049 5 3 3 CD 31627 1049 6 . . . 31627 1050 1 Croix Croix NNP 31627 1050 2 de de NNP 31627 1050 3 la la NNP 31627 1050 4 Paille Paille NNP 31627 1050 5 ; ; : 31627 1050 6 4 4 CD 31627 1050 7 . . . 31627 1051 1 Orgue Orgue NNP 31627 1051 2 d'Expailly d'Expailly NNP 31627 1051 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1051 4 basalt basalt NN 31627 1051 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1051 6 ; ; : 31627 1051 7 5 5 CD 31627 1051 8 . . . 31627 1052 1 Spot spot VB 31627 1052 2 where where WRB 31627 1052 3 human human JJ 31627 1052 4 bones bone NNS 31627 1052 5 were be VBD 31627 1052 6 found find VBN 31627 1052 7 . . . 31627 1052 8 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1053 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1053 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1053 3 g. g. NNP 31627 1053 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1053 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1053 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1053 7 Newer Newer NNP 31627 1053 8 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 1053 9 of of IN 31627 1053 10 the the DT 31627 1053 11 Haute Haute NNP 31627 1053 12 Loire Loire NNP 31627 1053 13 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1053 14 the the DT 31627 1053 15 Velay Velay NNP 31627 1053 16 and and CC 31627 1053 17 Vivarais)._--Subsequently vivarais)._--subsequently RB 31627 1053 18 to to IN 31627 1053 19 the the DT 31627 1053 20 formation formation NN 31627 1053 21 of of IN 31627 1053 22 the the DT 31627 1053 23 lava lava NN 31627 1053 24 - - HYPH 31627 1053 25 streams stream NNS 31627 1053 26 above above IN 31627 1053 27 described describe VBN 31627 1053 28 , , , 31627 1053 29 and and CC 31627 1053 30 probably probably RB 31627 1053 31 after after IN 31627 1053 32 the the DT 31627 1053 33 lapse lapse NN 31627 1053 34 of of IN 31627 1053 35 a a DT 31627 1053 36 lengthened lengthen VBN 31627 1053 37 period period NN 31627 1053 38 , , , 31627 1053 39 the the DT 31627 1053 40 region region NN 31627 1053 41 of of IN 31627 1053 42 the the DT 31627 1053 43 Haute Haute NNP 31627 1053 44 Loire Loire NNP 31627 1053 45 and and CC 31627 1053 46 Ardèche Ardèche NNP 31627 1053 47 became become VBD 31627 1053 48 the the DT 31627 1053 49 scene scene NN 31627 1053 50 of of IN 31627 1053 51 a a DT 31627 1053 52 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1053 53 outburst outburst NN 31627 1053 54 of of IN 31627 1053 55 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1053 56 action action NN 31627 1053 57 , , , 31627 1053 58 during during IN 31627 1053 59 which which WDT 31627 1053 60 the the DT 31627 1053 61 surface surface NN 31627 1053 62 of of IN 31627 1053 63 the the DT 31627 1053 64 older old JJR 31627 1053 65 lavas lavas NN 31627 1053 66 , , , 31627 1053 67 or or CC 31627 1053 68 of of IN 31627 1053 69 the the DT 31627 1053 70 fundamental fundamental JJ 31627 1053 71 granite granite NN 31627 1053 72 , , , 31627 1053 73 was be VBD 31627 1053 74 covered cover VBN 31627 1053 75 by by IN 31627 1053 76 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1053 77 crater crater NN 31627 1053 78 - - HYPH 31627 1053 79 cones cone NNS 31627 1053 80 and and CC 31627 1053 81 lava lava NN 31627 1053 82 - - HYPH 31627 1053 83 streams stream NNS 31627 1053 84 strewn strew VBN 31627 1053 85 along along IN 31627 1053 86 the the DT 31627 1053 87 banks bank NNS 31627 1053 88 of of IN 31627 1053 89 the the DT 31627 1053 90 Allier Allier NNP 31627 1053 91 and and CC 31627 1053 92 of of IN 31627 1053 93 the the DT 31627 1053 94 Loire Loire NNP 31627 1053 95 for for IN 31627 1053 96 many many JJ 31627 1053 97 miles mile NNS 31627 1053 98 . . . 31627 1054 1 These these DT 31627 1054 2 cones cone NNS 31627 1054 3 and and CC 31627 1054 4 craters crater NNS 31627 1054 5 are be VBP 31627 1054 6 not not RB 31627 1054 7 quite quite RB 31627 1054 8 so so RB 31627 1054 9 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1054 10 as as IN 31627 1054 11 those those DT 31627 1054 12 of of IN 31627 1054 13 the the DT 31627 1054 14 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1054 15 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1054 16 group group NN 31627 1054 17 ; ; : 31627 1054 18 those those DT 31627 1054 19 of of IN 31627 1054 20 the the DT 31627 1054 21 Haute Haute NNP 31627 1054 22 Loire Loire NNP 31627 1054 23 being be VBG 31627 1054 24 slightly slightly RB 31627 1054 25 earlier early RBR 31627 1054 26 in in IN 31627 1054 27 point point NN 31627 1054 28 of of IN 31627 1054 29 time time NN 31627 1054 30 , , , 31627 1054 31 and and CC 31627 1054 32 , , , 31627 1054 33 as as IN 31627 1054 34 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 1054 35 shows show VBZ 31627 1054 36 , , , 31627 1054 37 belonging belong VBG 31627 1054 38 to to IN 31627 1054 39 a a DT 31627 1054 40 different different JJ 31627 1054 41 system system NN 31627 1054 42 . . . 31627 1055 1 So so RB 31627 1055 2 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1055 3 are be VBP 31627 1055 4 these these DT 31627 1055 5 more more RBR 31627 1055 6 recent recent JJ 31627 1055 7 cones cone NNS 31627 1055 8 and and CC 31627 1055 9 craters crater NNS 31627 1055 10 that that WDT 31627 1055 11 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1055 12 counted count VBD 31627 1055 13 more more JJR 31627 1055 14 than than IN 31627 1055 15 150 150 CD 31627 1055 16 of of IN 31627 1055 17 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1055 18 , , , 31627 1055 19 and and CC 31627 1055 20 probably probably RB 31627 1055 21 omitted omit VBD 31627 1055 22 many many JJ 31627 1055 23 . . . 31627 1056 1 The the DT 31627 1056 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1056 3 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1056 4 now now RB 31627 1056 5 described describe VBN 31627 1056 6 have have VBP 31627 1056 7 a a DT 31627 1056 8 special special JJ 31627 1056 9 interest interest NN 31627 1056 10 as as IN 31627 1056 11 bearing bear VBG 31627 1056 12 on on IN 31627 1056 13 the the DT 31627 1056 14 question question NN 31627 1056 15 whether whether IN 31627 1056 16 man man NN 31627 1056 17 was be VBD 31627 1056 18 an an DT 31627 1056 19 inhabitant inhabitant NN 31627 1056 20 of of IN 31627 1056 21 this this DT 31627 1056 22 region region NN 31627 1056 23 at at IN 31627 1056 24 the the DT 31627 1056 25 time time NN 31627 1056 26 of of IN 31627 1056 27 these these DT 31627 1056 28 later later JJ 31627 1056 29 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1056 30 . . . 31627 1057 1 The the DT 31627 1057 2 question question NN 31627 1057 3 seems seem VBZ 31627 1057 4 to to TO 31627 1057 5 be be VB 31627 1057 6 answered answer VBN 31627 1057 7 in in IN 31627 1057 8 the the DT 31627 1057 9 affirmative affirmative JJ 31627 1057 10 by by IN 31627 1057 11 the the DT 31627 1057 12 discovery discovery NN 31627 1057 13 of of IN 31627 1057 14 a a DT 31627 1057 15 human human JJ 31627 1057 16 skull skull NN 31627 1057 17 and and CC 31627 1057 18 several several JJ 31627 1057 19 bones bone NNS 31627 1057 20 in in IN 31627 1057 21 the the DT 31627 1057 22 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1057 23 breccia breccia NN 31627 1057 24 of of IN 31627 1057 25 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1057 26 Demise Demise NNP 31627 1057 27 , , , 31627 1057 28 in in IN 31627 1057 29 company company NN 31627 1057 30 with with IN 31627 1057 31 remains remain NNS 31627 1057 32 of of IN 31627 1057 33 the the DT 31627 1057 34 elephant elephant NN 31627 1057 35 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1057 36 _ _ NNP 31627 1057 37 E. E. NNP 31627 1058 1 primigenius primigenius NNP 31627 1058 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1058 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1058 4 , , , 31627 1058 5 rhinoceros rhinoceros NNP 31627 1058 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1058 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1058 8 R. R. NNP 31627 1059 1 tichorhinus tichorhinus DT 31627 1059 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1059 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1059 4 , , , 31627 1059 5 stag stag JJ 31627 1059 6 , , , 31627 1059 7 and and CC 31627 1059 8 other other JJ 31627 1059 9 large large JJ 31627 1059 10 mammifers mammifer NNS 31627 1059 11 . . . 31627 1060 1 The the DT 31627 1060 2 discovery discovery NN 31627 1060 3 of of IN 31627 1060 4 these these DT 31627 1060 5 remains remain NNS 31627 1060 6 was be VBD 31627 1060 7 made make VBN 31627 1060 8 in in IN 31627 1060 9 the the DT 31627 1060 10 year year NN 31627 1060 11 1844 1844 CD 31627 1060 12 , , , 31627 1060 13 and and CC 31627 1060 14 the the DT 31627 1060 15 circumstances circumstance NNS 31627 1060 16 were be VBD 31627 1060 17 fully fully RB 31627 1060 18 investigated investigate VBN 31627 1060 19 and and CC 31627 1060 20 reported report VBN 31627 1060 21 upon upon IN 31627 1060 22 by by IN 31627 1060 23 M. M. NNP 31627 1060 24 Aymard Aymard NNP 31627 1060 25 , , , 31627 1060 26 and and CC 31627 1060 27 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 1060 28 by by IN 31627 1060 29 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1060 30 Poulett Poulett NNP 31627 1060 31 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1060 32 , , , 31627 1060 33 upon upon IN 31627 1060 34 whose whose WP$ 31627 1060 35 mind mind NN 31627 1060 36 no no DT 31627 1060 37 possible possible JJ 31627 1060 38 doubt doubt NN 31627 1060 39 of of IN 31627 1060 40 the the DT 31627 1060 41 fact fact NN 31627 1060 42 remained remain VBD 31627 1060 43 . . . 31627 1061 1 From from IN 31627 1061 2 what what WP 31627 1061 3 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1061 4 now now RB 31627 1061 5 know know VBP 31627 1061 6 of of IN 31627 1061 7 the the DT 31627 1061 8 occurrence occurrence NN 31627 1061 9 of of IN 31627 1061 10 human human JJ 31627 1061 11 remains remain NNS 31627 1061 12 and and CC 31627 1061 13 works work NNS 31627 1061 14 of of IN 31627 1061 15 art art NN 31627 1061 16 in in IN 31627 1061 17 other other JJ 31627 1061 18 parts part NNS 31627 1061 19 of of IN 31627 1061 20 France France NNP 31627 1061 21 and and CC 31627 1061 22 Europe Europe NNP 31627 1061 23 , , , 31627 1061 24 no no DT 31627 1061 25 surprise surprise NN 31627 1061 26 need nee MD 31627 1061 27 be be VB 31627 1061 28 felt feel VBN 31627 1061 29 at at IN 31627 1061 30 the the DT 31627 1061 31 occurrence occurrence NN 31627 1061 32 of of IN 31627 1061 33 human human JJ 31627 1061 34 remains remain VBZ 31627 1061 35 in in IN 31627 1061 36 company company NN 31627 1061 37 with with IN 31627 1061 38 some some DT 31627 1061 39 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1061 40 mammalia mammalia NN 31627 1061 41 in in IN 31627 1061 42 these these DT 31627 1061 43 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1061 44 tuffs tuff NNS 31627 1061 45 , , , 31627 1061 46 which which WDT 31627 1061 47 belong belong VBP 31627 1061 48 to to IN 31627 1061 49 the the DT 31627 1061 50 Post Post NNP 31627 1061 51 - - NNP 31627 1061 52 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 1061 53 or or CC 31627 1061 54 superficial superficial JJ 31627 1061 55 alluvia alluvia NN 31627 1061 56 antecedent antecedent NN 31627 1061 57 to to IN 31627 1061 58 the the DT 31627 1061 59 historic historic JJ 31627 1061 60 period period NN 31627 1061 61 . . . 31627 1062 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1062 2 10 10 CD 31627 1062 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1062 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1062 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1062 6 h. h. NNP 31627 1062 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1062 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1062 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1062 10 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1062 11 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1062 12 Chain._--We chain._--we NN 31627 1062 13 now now RB 31627 1062 14 come come VB 31627 1062 15 to to IN 31627 1062 16 the the DT 31627 1062 17 consideration consideration NN 31627 1062 18 of of IN 31627 1062 19 the the DT 31627 1062 20 most most RBS 31627 1062 21 recent recent JJ 31627 1062 22 of of IN 31627 1062 23 all all PDT 31627 1062 24 the the DT 31627 1062 25 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1062 26 mountain mountain NN 31627 1062 27 groups group NNS 31627 1062 28 of of IN 31627 1062 29 the the DT 31627 1062 30 region region NN 31627 1062 31 of of IN 31627 1062 32 Central Central NNP 31627 1062 33 France France NNP 31627 1062 34 , , , 31627 1062 35 that that DT 31627 1062 36 of of IN 31627 1062 37 the the DT 31627 1062 38 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1062 39 de de NNP 31627 1062 40 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1062 41 , , , 31627 1062 42 lying lie VBG 31627 1062 43 to to IN 31627 1062 44 the the DT 31627 1062 45 north north NN 31627 1062 46 of of IN 31627 1062 47 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1062 48 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1062 49 and and CC 31627 1062 50 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1062 51 . . . 31627 1063 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 1063 2 have have VBP 31627 1063 3 seen see VBN 31627 1063 4 that that IN 31627 1063 5 there there EX 31627 1063 6 is be VBZ 31627 1063 7 almost almost RB 31627 1063 8 conclusive conclusive JJ 31627 1063 9 evidence evidence NN 31627 1063 10 that that DT 31627 1063 11 man man NN 31627 1063 12 was be VBD 31627 1063 13 a a DT 31627 1063 14 witness witness NN 31627 1063 15 to to IN 31627 1063 16 the the DT 31627 1063 17 later later RB 31627 1063 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1063 19 outbursts outburst NNS 31627 1063 20 of of IN 31627 1063 21 the the DT 31627 1063 22 Vivarais Vivarais NNP 31627 1063 23 , , , 31627 1063 24 and and CC 31627 1063 25 as as IN 31627 1063 26 these these DT 31627 1063 27 craters crater NNS 31627 1063 28 seem seem VBP 31627 1063 29 to to TO 31627 1063 30 be be VB 31627 1063 31 of of IN 31627 1063 32 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 1063 33 earlier early JJR 31627 1063 34 date date NN 31627 1063 35 than than IN 31627 1063 36 those those DT 31627 1063 37 of of IN 31627 1063 38 the the DT 31627 1063 39 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1063 40 de de NNP 31627 1063 41 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1063 42 group group NN 31627 1063 43 , , , 31627 1063 44 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1063 45 can can MD 31627 1063 46 not not RB 31627 1063 47 doubt doubt VB 31627 1063 48 that that IN 31627 1063 49 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1063 50 were be VBD 31627 1063 51 in in IN 31627 1063 52 active active JJ 31627 1063 53 eruption eruption NN 31627 1063 54 when when WRB 31627 1063 55 human human JJ 31627 1063 56 beings being NNS 31627 1063 57 inhabited inhabit VBD 31627 1063 58 the the DT 31627 1063 59 country country NN 31627 1063 60 , , , 31627 1063 61 and and CC 31627 1063 62 not not RB 31627 1063 63 improbably improbably RB 31627 1063 64 within within IN 31627 1063 65 what what WP 31627 1063 66 is be VBZ 31627 1063 67 known know VBN 31627 1063 68 as as IN 31627 1063 69 the the DT 31627 1063 70 _ _ NNP 31627 1063 71 Historic Historic NNP 31627 1063 72 Period Period NNP 31627 1063 73 _ _ NNP 31627 1063 74 . . . 31627 1064 1 No no DT 31627 1064 2 mention mention NN 31627 1064 3 , , , 31627 1064 4 however however RB 31627 1064 5 , , , 31627 1064 6 is be VBZ 31627 1064 7 made make VBN 31627 1064 8 either either CC 31627 1064 9 by by IN 31627 1064 10 Cæsar Cæsar NNP 31627 1064 11 , , , 31627 1064 12 Pliny Pliny NNP 31627 1064 13 , , , 31627 1064 14 or or CC 31627 1064 15 other other JJ 31627 1064 16 Roman roman JJ 31627 1064 17 writers writer NNS 31627 1064 18 of of IN 31627 1064 19 the the DT 31627 1064 20 existence existence NN 31627 1064 21 of of IN 31627 1064 22 active active JJ 31627 1064 23 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1064 24 in in IN 31627 1064 25 this this DT 31627 1064 26 region region NN 31627 1064 27 . . . 31627 1065 1 Cæsar Cæsar NNP 31627 1065 2 , , , 31627 1065 3 who who WP 31627 1065 4 was be VBD 31627 1065 5 a a DT 31627 1065 6 close close JJ 31627 1065 7 observer observer NN 31627 1065 8 , , , 31627 1065 9 and and CC 31627 1065 10 who who WP 31627 1065 11 carried carry VBD 31627 1065 12 the the DT 31627 1065 13 Roman roman JJ 31627 1065 14 arms arm NNS 31627 1065 15 into into IN 31627 1065 16 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 1065 17 , , , 31627 1065 18 makes make VBZ 31627 1065 19 no no DT 31627 1065 20 mention mention NN 31627 1065 21 of of IN 31627 1065 22 such such JJ 31627 1065 23 ; ; : 31627 1065 24 nor nor CC 31627 1065 25 yet yet RB 31627 1065 26 does do VBZ 31627 1065 27 the the DT 31627 1065 28 elder eld JJR 31627 1065 29 Pliny Pliny NNP 31627 1065 30 , , , 31627 1065 31 who who WP 31627 1065 32 enumerated enumerate VBD 31627 1065 33 the the DT 31627 1065 34 known know VBN 31627 1065 35 burning burn VBG 31627 1065 36 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1065 37 of of IN 31627 1065 38 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1065 39 day day NN 31627 1065 40 all all RB 31627 1065 41 over over IN 31627 1065 42 the the DT 31627 1065 43 Roman Roman NNP 31627 1065 44 Empire Empire NNP 31627 1065 45 . . . 31627 1066 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1066 2 is be VBZ 31627 1066 3 not not RB 31627 1066 4 till till IN 31627 1066 5 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1066 6 come come VBP 31627 1066 7 down down RP 31627 1066 8 to to IN 31627 1066 9 the the DT 31627 1066 10 fifth fifth JJ 31627 1066 11 century century NN 31627 1066 12 of of IN 31627 1066 13 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1066 14 era era NN 31627 1066 15 that that WDT 31627 1066 16 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1066 17 find find VBP 31627 1066 18 any any DT 31627 1066 19 notices notice NNS 31627 1066 20 which which WDT 31627 1066 21 might may MD 31627 1066 22 lead lead VB 31627 1066 23 us -PRON- PRP 31627 1066 24 to to TO 31627 1066 25 infer infer VB 31627 1066 26 the the DT 31627 1066 27 existence existence NN 31627 1066 28 of of IN 31627 1066 29 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1066 30 action action NN 31627 1066 31 in in IN 31627 1066 32 Central Central NNP 31627 1066 33 France France NNP 31627 1066 34 . . . 31627 1067 1 This this DT 31627 1067 2 is be VBZ 31627 1067 3 the the DT 31627 1067 4 well well RB 31627 1067 5 - - HYPH 31627 1067 6 known know VBN 31627 1067 7 letter letter NN 31627 1067 8 written write VBN 31627 1067 9 by by IN 31627 1067 10 Sidonius Sidonius NNP 31627 1067 11 Apollonarius Apollonarius NNP 31627 1067 12 , , , 31627 1067 13 bishop bishop NN 31627 1067 14 of of IN 31627 1067 15 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 1067 16 , , , 31627 1067 17 to to IN 31627 1067 18 Alcinus Alcinus NNP 31627 1067 19 Avitus Avitus NNP 31627 1067 20 , , , 31627 1067 21 bishop bishop NN 31627 1067 22 of of IN 31627 1067 23 Vienne Vienne NNP 31627 1067 24 , , , 31627 1067 25 in in IN 31627 1067 26 which which WDT 31627 1067 27 the the DT 31627 1067 28 former former JJ 31627 1067 29 refers refer VBZ 31627 1067 30 to to IN 31627 1067 31 certain certain JJ 31627 1067 32 terrific terrific JJ 31627 1067 33 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 1067 34 manifestations manifestation NNS 31627 1067 35 which which WDT 31627 1067 36 had have VBD 31627 1067 37 occurred occur VBN 31627 1067 38 in in IN 31627 1067 39 the the DT 31627 1067 40 diocese diocese NN 31627 1067 41 of of IN 31627 1067 42 the the DT 31627 1067 43 latter latter JJ 31627 1067 44 . . . 31627 1068 1 But but CC 31627 1068 2 , , , 31627 1068 3 as as IN 31627 1068 4 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1068 5 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 1068 6 observes observe VBZ 31627 1068 7 , , , 31627 1068 8 this this DT 31627 1068 9 is be VBZ 31627 1068 10 no no DT 31627 1068 11 evidence evidence NN 31627 1068 12 of of IN 31627 1068 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1068 14 action action NN 31627 1068 15 in in IN 31627 1068 16 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 1068 17 , , , 31627 1068 18 where where WRB 31627 1068 19 Sidonius Sidonius NNP 31627 1068 20 himself -PRON- PRP 31627 1068 21 resided reside VBD 31627 1068 22 ; ; : 31627 1068 23 the the DT 31627 1068 24 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 1068 25 disturbances disturbance NNS 31627 1068 26 above above RB 31627 1068 27 referred refer VBD 31627 1068 28 to to TO 31627 1068 29 may may MD 31627 1068 30 have have VB 31627 1068 31 been be VBN 31627 1068 32 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 1068 33 shocks shock NNS 31627 1068 34 of of IN 31627 1068 35 extreme extreme JJ 31627 1068 36 severity severity NN 31627 1068 37 . . . 31627 1069 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1069 2 11 11 CD 31627 1069 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1069 4 But but CC 31627 1069 5 although although IN 31627 1069 6 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1069 7 have have VBP 31627 1069 8 no no DT 31627 1069 9 reliably reliably RB 31627 1069 10 historical historical JJ 31627 1069 11 record record NN 31627 1069 12 of of IN 31627 1069 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1069 14 action action NN 31627 1069 15 amongst amongst IN 31627 1069 16 the the DT 31627 1069 17 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1069 18 of of IN 31627 1069 19 the the DT 31627 1069 20 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1069 21 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1069 22 group group NN 31627 1069 23 , , , 31627 1069 24 the the DT 31627 1069 25 fact fact NN 31627 1069 26 that that IN 31627 1069 27 these these DT 31627 1069 28 are be VBP 31627 1069 29 , , , 31627 1069 30 comparatively comparatively RB 31627 1069 31 , , , 31627 1069 32 extremely extremely RB 31627 1069 33 recent recent JJ 31627 1069 34 will will MD 31627 1069 35 be be VB 31627 1069 36 evident evident JJ 31627 1069 37 to to IN 31627 1069 38 an an DT 31627 1069 39 observer observer NN 31627 1069 40 visiting visit VBG 31627 1069 41 this this DT 31627 1069 42 district district NN 31627 1069 43 , , , 31627 1069 44 and and CC 31627 1069 45 this this DT 31627 1069 46 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 1069 47 is be VBZ 31627 1069 48 based base VBN 31627 1069 49 on on IN 31627 1069 50 three three CD 31627 1069 51 principal principal JJ 31627 1069 52 grounds ground NNS 31627 1069 53 : : : 31627 1069 54 first first RB 31627 1069 55 , , , 31627 1069 56 because because IN 31627 1069 57 of of IN 31627 1069 58 the the DT 31627 1069 59 well well RB 31627 1069 60 - - HYPH 31627 1069 61 preserved preserve VBN 31627 1069 62 forms form NNS 31627 1069 63 of of IN 31627 1069 64 the the DT 31627 1069 65 original original JJ 31627 1069 66 craters crater NNS 31627 1069 67 , , , 31627 1069 68 though though IN 31627 1069 69 generally generally RB 31627 1069 70 composed compose VBN 31627 1069 71 of of IN 31627 1069 72 very very RB 31627 1069 73 loose loose JJ 31627 1069 74 material material NN 31627 1069 75 , , , 31627 1069 76 such such JJ 31627 1069 77 as as IN 31627 1069 78 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1069 79 , , , 31627 1069 80 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 1069 81 , , , 31627 1069 82 and and CC 31627 1069 83 slag slag NN 31627 1069 84 ; ; : 31627 1069 85 secondly secondly RB 31627 1069 86 , , , 31627 1069 87 because because IN 31627 1069 88 of of IN 31627 1069 89 the the DT 31627 1069 90 freshness freshness NN 31627 1069 91 of of IN 31627 1069 92 the the DT 31627 1069 93 lava lava NN 31627 1069 94 - - HYPH 31627 1069 95 streams stream NNS 31627 1069 96 over over IN 31627 1069 97 whose whose WP$ 31627 1069 98 rugged rugged JJ 31627 1069 99 surfaces surface NNS 31627 1069 100 even even RB 31627 1069 101 a a DT 31627 1069 102 scanty scanty NN 31627 1069 103 herbage herbage NN 31627 1069 104 has have VBZ 31627 1069 105 in in IN 31627 1069 106 some some DT 31627 1069 107 places place NNS 31627 1069 108 scarcely scarcely RB 31627 1069 109 found find VBD 31627 1069 110 a a DT 31627 1069 111 footing;[12 footing;[12 NNP 31627 1069 112 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1069 113 and and CC 31627 1069 114 thirdly thirdly RB 31627 1069 115 , , , 31627 1069 116 because because IN 31627 1069 117 the the DT 31627 1069 118 lava lava NN 31627 1069 119 from from IN 31627 1069 120 the the DT 31627 1069 121 crater crater NN 31627 1069 122 - - HYPH 31627 1069 123 cones cones NNP 31627 1069 124 has have VBZ 31627 1069 125 invaded invade VBN 31627 1069 126 channels channel NNS 31627 1069 127 previously previously RB 31627 1069 128 occupied occupy VBN 31627 1069 129 by by IN 31627 1069 130 the the DT 31627 1069 131 earlier early JJR 31627 1069 132 lavas lavas NN 31627 1069 133 , , , 31627 1069 134 or or CC 31627 1069 135 those those DT 31627 1069 136 which which WDT 31627 1069 137 had have VBD 31627 1069 138 been be VBN 31627 1069 139 eroded erode VBN 31627 1069 140 since since IN 31627 1069 141 the the DT 31627 1069 142 overflow overflow NN 31627 1069 143 of of IN 31627 1069 144 the the DT 31627 1069 145 great great JJ 31627 1069 146 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1069 147 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1069 148 of of IN 31627 1069 149 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1069 150 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1069 151 . . . 31627 1070 1 Still still RB 31627 1070 2 , , , 31627 1070 3 as as IN 31627 1070 4 in in IN 31627 1070 5 the the DT 31627 1070 6 case case NN 31627 1070 7 of of IN 31627 1070 8 the the DT 31627 1070 9 valleys valley NNS 31627 1070 10 of of IN 31627 1070 11 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1070 12 Aidot Aidot NNP 31627 1070 13 , , , 31627 1070 14 of of IN 31627 1070 15 Channonat Channonat NNP 31627 1070 16 , , , 31627 1070 17 and and CC 31627 1070 18 of of IN 31627 1070 19 Royat Royat NNP 31627 1070 20 , , , 31627 1070 21 these these DT 31627 1070 22 streams stream NNS 31627 1070 23 are be VBP 31627 1070 24 sufficiently sufficiently RB 31627 1070 25 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1070 26 to to TO 31627 1070 27 have have VB 31627 1070 28 given give VBN 31627 1070 29 time time NN 31627 1070 30 for for IN 31627 1070 31 the the DT 31627 1070 32 existing exist VBG 31627 1070 33 rivers river NNS 31627 1070 34 to to TO 31627 1070 35 have have VB 31627 1070 36 worn wear VBN 31627 1070 37 out out RP 31627 1070 38 in in IN 31627 1070 39 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1070 40 channels channel NNS 31627 1070 41 of of IN 31627 1070 42 some some DT 31627 1070 43 depth depth NN 31627 1070 44 , , , 31627 1070 45 but but CC 31627 1070 46 bearing bear VBG 31627 1070 47 no no DT 31627 1070 48 comparison comparison NN 31627 1070 49 to to IN 31627 1070 50 the the DT 31627 1070 51 great great JJ 31627 1070 52 valleys valley NNS 31627 1070 53 which which WDT 31627 1070 54 had have VBD 31627 1070 55 been be VBN 31627 1070 56 eroded erode VBN 31627 1070 57 out out IN 31627 1070 58 of of IN 31627 1070 59 the the DT 31627 1070 60 more more RBR 31627 1070 61 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1070 62 lavas lavas NN 31627 1070 63 , , , 31627 1070 64 such such JJ 31627 1070 65 as as IN 31627 1070 66 those those DT 31627 1070 67 of of IN 31627 1070 68 the the DT 31627 1070 69 Coiron Coiron NNP 31627 1070 70 , , , 31627 1070 71 of of IN 31627 1070 72 the the DT 31627 1070 73 Ardèche Ardèche NNP 31627 1070 74 , , , 31627 1070 75 and and CC 31627 1070 76 of of IN 31627 1070 77 the the DT 31627 1070 78 Dordogne Dordogne NNP 31627 1070 79 and and CC 31627 1070 80 Chambon Chambon NNP 31627 1070 81 in in IN 31627 1070 82 the the DT 31627 1070 83 district district NN 31627 1070 84 of of IN 31627 1070 85 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1070 86 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1070 87 . . . 31627 1071 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1071 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1071 3 i. i. NNP 31627 1071 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1071 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1071 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1071 7 Dome Dome NNP 31627 1071 8 - - HYPH 31627 1071 9 shaped shape VBN 31627 1071 10 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1071 11 Hills._--I Hills._--I NNS 31627 1071 12 have have VBP 31627 1071 13 previously previously RB 31627 1071 14 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1071 15 page page NN 31627 1071 16 15 15 CD 31627 1071 17 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1071 18 referred refer VBD 31627 1071 19 to to IN 31627 1071 20 the the DT 31627 1071 21 two two CD 31627 1071 22 classes class NNS 31627 1071 23 of of IN 31627 1071 24 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1071 25 eminences eminence NNS 31627 1071 26 to to TO 31627 1071 27 be be VB 31627 1071 28 found find VBN 31627 1071 29 in in IN 31627 1071 30 the the DT 31627 1071 31 chain chain NN 31627 1071 32 of of IN 31627 1071 33 the the DT 31627 1071 34 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1071 35 de de NNP 31627 1071 36 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1071 37 ; ; : 31627 1071 38 one one CD 31627 1071 39 indicated indicate VBN 31627 1071 40 by by IN 31627 1071 41 the the DT 31627 1071 42 name name NN 31627 1071 43 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1071 44 , , , 31627 1071 45 formed form VBN 31627 1071 46 of of IN 31627 1071 47 a a DT 31627 1071 48 variety variety NN 31627 1071 49 of of IN 31627 1071 50 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1071 51 lava lava NN 31627 1071 52 called call VBN 31627 1071 53 " " `` 31627 1071 54 domite domite NNP 31627 1071 55 , , , 31627 1071 56 " " '' 31627 1071 57 and and CC 31627 1071 58 of of IN 31627 1071 59 the the DT 31627 1071 60 form form NN 31627 1071 61 of of IN 31627 1071 62 a a DT 31627 1071 63 dome dome NN 31627 1071 64 ; ; : 31627 1071 65 the the DT 31627 1071 66 other other JJ 31627 1071 67 , , , 31627 1071 68 composed compose VBN 31627 1071 69 of of IN 31627 1071 70 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 1071 71 matter matter NN 31627 1071 72 piled pile VBD 31627 1071 73 up up RP 31627 1071 74 in in IN 31627 1071 75 the the DT 31627 1071 76 form form NN 31627 1071 77 of of IN 31627 1071 78 a a DT 31627 1071 79 crater crater NN 31627 1071 80 or or CC 31627 1071 81 cup cup NN 31627 1071 82 , , , 31627 1071 83 often often RB 31627 1071 84 ruptured rupture VBD 31627 1071 85 on on IN 31627 1071 86 one one CD 31627 1071 87 side side NN 31627 1071 88 by by IN 31627 1071 89 a a DT 31627 1071 90 stream stream NN 31627 1071 91 of of IN 31627 1071 92 lava lava NN 31627 1071 93 which which WDT 31627 1071 94 has have VBZ 31627 1071 95 burst burst VBN 31627 1071 96 through through IN 31627 1071 97 the the DT 31627 1071 98 side side NN 31627 1071 99 , , , 31627 1071 100 owing owe VBG 31627 1071 101 to to IN 31627 1071 102 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1071 103 superior superior JJ 31627 1071 104 density density NN 31627 1071 105 . . . 31627 1072 1 Of of IN 31627 1072 2 the the DT 31627 1072 3 former former JJ 31627 1072 4 class class NN 31627 1072 5 the the DT 31627 1072 6 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1072 7 de de NNP 31627 1072 8 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1072 9 and and CC 31627 1072 10 the the DT 31627 1072 11 Grand Grand NNP 31627 1072 12 Sarcoui Sarcoui NNP 31627 1072 13 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1072 14 see see VB 31627 1072 15 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1072 16 . . . 31627 1073 1 18 18 CD 31627 1073 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1073 3 are be VBP 31627 1073 4 the the DT 31627 1073 5 most most RBS 31627 1073 6 striking striking JJ 31627 1073 7 examples example NNS 31627 1073 8 out out IN 31627 1073 9 of of IN 31627 1073 10 the the DT 31627 1073 11 five five CD 31627 1073 12 enumerated enumerate VBN 31627 1073 13 by by IN 31627 1073 14 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1073 15 , , , 31627 1073 16 while while IN 31627 1073 17 there there EX 31627 1073 18 is be VBZ 31627 1073 19 a a DT 31627 1073 20 large large JJ 31627 1073 21 number number NN 31627 1073 22 , , , 31627 1073 23 altogether altogether RB 31627 1073 24 sixty sixty CD 31627 1073 25 - - HYPH 31627 1073 26 one one CD 31627 1073 27 , , , 31627 1073 28 belonging belong VBG 31627 1073 29 to to IN 31627 1073 30 the the DT 31627 1073 31 latter latter JJ 31627 1073 32 class class NN 31627 1073 33 . . . 31627 1074 1 These these DT 31627 1074 2 domes dome NNS 31627 1074 3 and and CC 31627 1074 4 crater crater NN 31627 1074 5 - - HYPH 31627 1074 6 cones cone NNS 31627 1074 7 , , , 31627 1074 8 as as RB 31627 1074 9 already already RB 31627 1074 10 stated state VBN 31627 1074 11 , , , 31627 1074 12 rise rise VB 31627 1074 13 from from IN 31627 1074 14 a a DT 31627 1074 15 platform platform NN 31627 1074 16 of of IN 31627 1074 17 granite granite NN 31627 1074 18 , , , 31627 1074 19 either either CC 31627 1074 20 directly directly RB 31627 1074 21 or or CC 31627 1074 22 from from IN 31627 1074 23 one one CD 31627 1074 24 formed form VBN 31627 1074 25 of of IN 31627 1074 26 the the DT 31627 1074 27 lava lava NN 31627 1074 28 - - HYPH 31627 1074 29 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1074 30 of of IN 31627 1074 31 the the DT 31627 1074 32 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1074 33 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1074 34 region region NN 31627 1074 35 , , , 31627 1074 36 which which WDT 31627 1074 37 in in IN 31627 1074 38 turn turn NN 31627 1074 39 overlies overlie VBZ 31627 1074 40 the the DT 31627 1074 41 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1074 42 platform platform NN 31627 1074 43 . . . 31627 1075 1 Of of IN 31627 1075 2 the the DT 31627 1075 3 nearly nearly RB 31627 1075 4 perfect perfect JJ 31627 1075 5 craters crater NNS 31627 1075 6 there there EX 31627 1075 7 are be VBP 31627 1075 8 the the DT 31627 1075 9 Petit Petit NNP 31627 1075 10 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1075 11 de de NNP 31627 1075 12 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1075 13 , , , 31627 1075 14 lying lie VBG 31627 1075 15 partially partially RB 31627 1075 16 against against IN 31627 1075 17 the the DT 31627 1075 18 northern northern JJ 31627 1075 19 flank flank NN 31627 1075 20 of of IN 31627 1075 21 the the DT 31627 1075 22 greater great JJR 31627 1075 23 eminence eminence NN 31627 1075 24 ; ; : 31627 1075 25 the the DT 31627 1075 26 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1075 27 de de IN 31627 1075 28 Cone Cone NNP 31627 1075 29 , , , 31627 1075 30 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1075 31 for for IN 31627 1075 32 the the DT 31627 1075 33 symmetry symmetry NN 31627 1075 34 of of IN 31627 1075 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1075 36 conical conical JJ 31627 1075 37 form form NN 31627 1075 38 , , , 31627 1075 39 rising rise VBG 31627 1075 40 to to IN 31627 1075 41 a a DT 31627 1075 42 height height NN 31627 1075 43 of of IN 31627 1075 44 900 900 CD 31627 1075 45 feet foot NNS 31627 1075 46 from from IN 31627 1075 47 the the DT 31627 1075 48 plain plain NN 31627 1075 49 ; ; : 31627 1075 50 and and CC 31627 1075 51 the the DT 31627 1075 52 Puys Puys NNP 31627 1075 53 de de NNP 31627 1075 54 Chaumont Chaumont NNP 31627 1075 55 and and CC 31627 1075 56 Thiolet Thiolet NNP 31627 1075 57 lying lie VBG 31627 1075 58 to to IN 31627 1075 59 the the DT 31627 1075 60 north north NN 31627 1075 61 of of IN 31627 1075 62 the the DT 31627 1075 63 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1075 64 de de NNP 31627 1075 65 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1075 66 . . . 31627 1076 1 Of of IN 31627 1076 2 those those DT 31627 1076 3 to to IN 31627 1076 4 the the DT 31627 1076 5 south south NN 31627 1076 6 of of IN 31627 1076 7 this this DT 31627 1076 8 mount mount NN 31627 1076 9 , , , 31627 1076 10 two two CD 31627 1076 11 out out IN 31627 1076 12 of of IN 31627 1076 13 the the DT 31627 1076 14 three three CD 31627 1076 15 craters crater NNS 31627 1076 16 of of IN 31627 1076 17 the the DT 31627 1076 18 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1076 19 de de FW 31627 1076 20 Barme Barme NNP 31627 1076 21 and and CC 31627 1076 22 the the DT 31627 1076 23 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1076 24 de de NNP 31627 1076 25 Vichatel Vichatel NNP 31627 1076 26 are be VBP 31627 1076 27 perfect perfect JJ 31627 1076 28 ; ; : 31627 1076 29 but but CC 31627 1076 30 most most JJS 31627 1076 31 of of IN 31627 1076 32 the the DT 31627 1076 33 crater crater NNP 31627 1076 34 - - HYPH 31627 1076 35 cones cone NNS 31627 1076 36 south south RB 31627 1076 37 of of IN 31627 1076 38 the the DT 31627 1076 39 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1076 40 de de NNP 31627 1076 41 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1076 42 are be VBP 31627 1076 43 breached breach VBN 31627 1076 44 . . . 31627 1077 1 Some some DT 31627 1077 2 of of IN 31627 1077 3 the the DT 31627 1077 4 lava lava NN 31627 1077 5 streams stream NNS 31627 1077 6 by by IN 31627 1077 7 which which WDT 31627 1077 8 these these DT 31627 1077 9 craters crater NNS 31627 1077 10 were be VBD 31627 1077 11 broken break VBN 31627 1077 12 down down RP 31627 1077 13 flowed flow VBD 31627 1077 14 for for IN 31627 1077 15 long long JJ 31627 1077 16 distances distance NNS 31627 1077 17 . . . 31627 1078 1 That that IN 31627 1078 2 the the DT 31627 1078 3 lava lava NN 31627 1078 4 followed follow VBD 31627 1078 5 the the DT 31627 1078 6 showers shower NNS 31627 1078 7 of of IN 31627 1078 8 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1078 9 and and CC 31627 1078 10 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 1078 11 forming form VBG 31627 1078 12 the the DT 31627 1078 13 walls wall NNS 31627 1078 14 of of IN 31627 1078 15 the the DT 31627 1078 16 craters crater NNS 31627 1078 17 is be VBZ 31627 1078 18 rendered render VBN 31627 1078 19 very very RB 31627 1078 20 evident evident JJ 31627 1078 21 in in IN 31627 1078 22 the the DT 31627 1078 23 case case NN 31627 1078 24 of of IN 31627 1078 25 the the DT 31627 1078 26 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1078 27 de de NNP 31627 1078 28 la la NNP 31627 1078 29 Vache Vache NNP 31627 1078 30 , , , 31627 1078 31 whose whose WP$ 31627 1078 32 lava lava NN 31627 1078 33 - - HYPH 31627 1078 34 stream stream NN 31627 1078 35 coalescing coalescing NN 31627 1078 36 with with IN 31627 1078 37 those those DT 31627 1078 38 from from IN 31627 1078 39 the the DT 31627 1078 40 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1078 41 de de NNP 31627 1078 42 la la NNP 31627 1078 43 Solas Solas NNP 31627 1078 44 and and CC 31627 1078 45 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1078 46 Noir Noir NNP 31627 1078 47 , , , 31627 1078 48 deluged deluge VBD 31627 1078 49 the the DT 31627 1078 50 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1078 51 tracts tract NNS 31627 1078 52 and and CC 31627 1078 53 flowed flow VBD 31627 1078 54 down down RP 31627 1078 55 the the DT 31627 1078 56 Channonat Channonat NNP 31627 1078 57 Valley Valley NNP 31627 1078 58 as as RB 31627 1078 59 far far RB 31627 1078 60 as as IN 31627 1078 61 La La NNP 31627 1078 62 Roche Roche NNP 31627 1078 63 Blanc Blanc NNP 31627 1078 64 in in IN 31627 1078 65 the the DT 31627 1078 66 Vale vale NN 31627 1078 67 of of IN 31627 1078 68 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 1078 69 . . . 31627 1079 1 In in IN 31627 1079 2 the the DT 31627 1079 3 interior interior NN 31627 1079 4 of of IN 31627 1079 5 the the DT 31627 1079 6 upper upper JJ 31627 1079 7 part part NN 31627 1079 8 of of IN 31627 1079 9 the the DT 31627 1079 10 crater crater NN 31627 1079 11 still still RB 31627 1079 12 remaining remain VBG 31627 1079 13 may may MD 31627 1079 14 be be VB 31627 1079 15 seen see VBN 31627 1079 16 the the DT 31627 1079 17 level level NN 31627 1079 18 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1079 19 so so RB 31627 1079 20 to to TO 31627 1079 21 speak speak VB 31627 1079 22 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1079 23 to to TO 31627 1079 24 which which WDT 31627 1079 25 the the DT 31627 1079 26 molten molten JJ 31627 1079 27 lava lava NN 31627 1079 28 rose rise VBD 31627 1079 29 before before IN 31627 1079 30 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1079 31 burst burst VBD 31627 1079 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1079 33 barrier barrier NN 31627 1079 34 . . . 31627 1080 1 This this DT 31627 1080 2 level level NN 31627 1080 3 is be VBZ 31627 1080 4 marked mark VBN 31627 1080 5 by by IN 31627 1080 6 a a DT 31627 1080 7 projecting projecting NN 31627 1080 8 platform platform NN 31627 1080 9 of of IN 31627 1080 10 reddish reddish JJ 31627 1080 11 or or CC 31627 1080 12 yellow yellow JJ 31627 1080 13 material material NN 31627 1080 14 , , , 31627 1080 15 rich rich JJ 31627 1080 16 in in IN 31627 1080 17 specular specular JJ 31627 1080 18 iron iron NN 31627 1080 19 , , , 31627 1080 20 apparently apparently RB 31627 1080 21 part part NN 31627 1080 22 of of IN 31627 1080 23 the the DT 31627 1080 24 frothy frothy JJ 31627 1080 25 scum scum NN 31627 1080 26 which which WDT 31627 1080 27 formed form VBD 31627 1080 28 on on IN 31627 1080 29 the the DT 31627 1080 30 surface surface NN 31627 1080 31 of of IN 31627 1080 32 the the DT 31627 1080 33 lava lava NN 31627 1080 34 and and CC 31627 1080 35 adhered adhere VBD 31627 1080 36 to to IN 31627 1080 37 the the DT 31627 1080 38 side side NN 31627 1080 39 of of IN 31627 1080 40 the the DT 31627 1080 41 basin basin NN 31627 1080 42 at at IN 31627 1080 43 the the DT 31627 1080 44 moment moment NN 31627 1080 45 of of IN 31627 1080 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1080 47 being be VBG 31627 1080 48 emptied empty VBN 31627 1080 49 . . . 31627 1081 1 Space space NN 31627 1081 2 does do VBZ 31627 1081 3 not not RB 31627 1081 4 permit permit VB 31627 1081 5 a a DT 31627 1081 6 fuller full JJR 31627 1081 7 description description NN 31627 1081 8 of of IN 31627 1081 9 this this DT 31627 1081 10 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1081 11 assemblage assemblage NN 31627 1081 12 of of IN 31627 1081 13 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1081 14 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1081 15 , , , 31627 1081 16 and and CC 31627 1081 17 the the DT 31627 1081 18 reader reader NN 31627 1081 19 must must MD 31627 1081 20 be be VB 31627 1081 21 referred refer VBN 31627 1081 22 for for IN 31627 1081 23 further further JJ 31627 1081 24 details detail NNS 31627 1081 25 to to IN 31627 1081 26 the the DT 31627 1081 27 work work NN 31627 1081 28 of of IN 31627 1081 29 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1081 30 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1081 31 . . . 31627 1082 1 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1082 2 shall shall MD 31627 1082 3 content content VB 31627 1082 4 myself -PRON- PRP 31627 1082 5 with with IN 31627 1082 6 some some DT 31627 1082 7 further further JJ 31627 1082 8 reference reference NN 31627 1082 9 to to IN 31627 1082 10 the the DT 31627 1082 11 central central JJ 31627 1082 12 figure figure NN 31627 1082 13 in in IN 31627 1082 14 this this DT 31627 1082 15 grand grand JJ 31627 1082 16 chain chain NN 31627 1082 17 , , , 31627 1082 18 the the DT 31627 1082 19 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1082 20 de de NNP 31627 1082 21 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1082 22 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1082 23 . . . 31627 1083 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1083 2 Ascent Ascent NNP 31627 1083 3 of of IN 31627 1083 4 the the DT 31627 1083 5 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1083 6 de de IN 31627 1083 7 Dôme._--On Dôme._--On NNS 31627 1083 8 ascending ascend VBG 31627 1083 9 by by IN 31627 1083 10 the the DT 31627 1083 11 winding winding NN 31627 1083 12 path path NN 31627 1083 13 up up RP 31627 1083 14 the the DT 31627 1083 15 steep steep JJ 31627 1083 16 side side NN 31627 1083 17 of of IN 31627 1083 18 the the DT 31627 1083 19 mount mount NN 31627 1083 20 , , , 31627 1083 21 and and CC 31627 1083 22 on on IN 31627 1083 23 reaching reach VBG 31627 1083 24 the the DT 31627 1083 25 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 1083 26 flattened flattened JJ 31627 1083 27 summit summit NN 31627 1083 28 , , , 31627 1083 29 the the DT 31627 1083 30 first first JJ 31627 1083 31 objects object NNS 31627 1083 32 which which WDT 31627 1083 33 strike strike VBP 31627 1083 34 the the DT 31627 1083 35 eye eye NN 31627 1083 36 are be VBP 31627 1083 37 the the DT 31627 1083 38 massive massive JJ 31627 1083 39 foundations foundation NNS 31627 1083 40 of of IN 31627 1083 41 the the DT 31627 1083 42 Roman roman JJ 31627 1083 43 temple temple NN 31627 1083 44 of of IN 31627 1083 45 Mercury Mercury NNP 31627 1083 46 ; ; : 31627 1083 47 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1083 48 are be VBP 31627 1083 49 hewn hew VBN 31627 1083 50 out out IN 31627 1083 51 of of IN 31627 1083 52 solid solid JJ 31627 1083 53 grey grey JJ 31627 1083 54 lava lava NN 31627 1083 55 , , , 31627 1083 56 altogether altogether RB 31627 1083 57 different different JJ 31627 1083 58 from from IN 31627 1083 59 the the DT 31627 1083 60 rock rock NN 31627 1083 61 of of IN 31627 1083 62 the the DT 31627 1083 63 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1083 64 de de NNP 31627 1083 65 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1083 66 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1083 67 , , , 31627 1083 68 which which WDT 31627 1083 69 must must MD 31627 1083 70 have have VB 31627 1083 71 been be VBN 31627 1083 72 obtained obtain VBN 31627 1083 73 from from IN 31627 1083 74 one one CD 31627 1083 75 of of IN 31627 1083 76 the the DT 31627 1083 77 lava lava NN 31627 1083 78 - - HYPH 31627 1083 79 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1083 80 of of IN 31627 1083 81 the the DT 31627 1083 82 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1083 83 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1083 84 group group NN 31627 1083 85 . . . 31627 1084 1 To to TO 31627 1084 2 have have VB 31627 1084 3 carried carry VBN 31627 1084 4 these these DT 31627 1084 5 large large JJ 31627 1084 6 blocks block NNS 31627 1084 7 to to IN 31627 1084 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1084 9 present present JJ 31627 1084 10 resting resting NN 31627 1084 11 - - HYPH 31627 1084 12 place place NN 31627 1084 13 must must MD 31627 1084 14 have have VB 31627 1084 15 cost cost VBN 31627 1084 16 no no DT 31627 1084 17 little little JJ 31627 1084 18 labour labour NN 31627 1084 19 and and CC 31627 1084 20 effort effort NN 31627 1084 21 . . . 31627 1085 1 The the DT 31627 1085 2 temple temple NN 31627 1085 3 is be VBZ 31627 1085 4 supposed suppose VBN 31627 1085 5 to to TO 31627 1085 6 have have VB 31627 1085 7 been be VBN 31627 1085 8 surmounted surmount VBN 31627 1085 9 by by IN 31627 1085 10 a a DT 31627 1085 11 colossal colossal JJ 31627 1085 12 statue statue NN 31627 1085 13 of of IN 31627 1085 14 the the DT 31627 1085 15 winged winged JJ 31627 1085 16 deity deity NN 31627 1085 17 , , , 31627 1085 18 visible visible JJ 31627 1085 19 from from IN 31627 1085 20 all all DT 31627 1085 21 parts part NNS 31627 1085 22 of of IN 31627 1085 23 the the DT 31627 1085 24 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1085 25 country country NN 31627 1085 26 which which WDT 31627 1085 27 was be VBD 31627 1085 28 dedicated dedicate VBN 31627 1085 29 to to IN 31627 1085 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1085 31 honour honour NN 31627 1085 32 , , , 31627 1085 33 and and CC 31627 1085 34 the the DT 31627 1085 35 foundations foundation NNS 31627 1085 36 were be VBD 31627 1085 37 only only RB 31627 1085 38 discovered discover VBN 31627 1085 39 a a DT 31627 1085 40 few few JJ 31627 1085 41 years year NNS 31627 1085 42 ago ago RB 31627 1085 43 when when WRB 31627 1085 44 excavating excavate VBG 31627 1085 45 for for IN 31627 1085 46 the the DT 31627 1085 47 foundation foundation NN 31627 1085 48 of of IN 31627 1085 49 the the DT 31627 1085 50 observatory observatory NN 31627 1085 51 , , , 31627 1085 52 which which WDT 31627 1085 53 stands stand VBZ 31627 1085 54 a a DT 31627 1085 55 little little JJ 31627 1085 56 further far RBR 31627 1085 57 on on RB 31627 1085 58 under under IN 31627 1085 59 the the DT 31627 1085 60 charge charge NN 31627 1085 61 of of IN 31627 1085 62 Professor Professor NNP 31627 1085 63 Janssen Janssen NNP 31627 1085 64 . . . 31627 1086 1 On on IN 31627 1086 2 proceeding proceed VBG 31627 1086 3 to to IN 31627 1086 4 the the DT 31627 1086 5 northern northern JJ 31627 1086 6 crest crest NN 31627 1086 7 of of IN 31627 1086 8 the the DT 31627 1086 9 platform platform NN 31627 1086 10 a a DT 31627 1086 11 wonderful wonderful JJ 31627 1086 12 view view NN 31627 1086 13 of of IN 31627 1086 14 the the DT 31627 1086 15 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1086 16 craters crater NNS 31627 1086 17 and and CC 31627 1086 18 domes dome NNS 31627 1086 19 -- -- : 31627 1086 20 about about RB 31627 1086 21 forty forty CD 31627 1086 22 in in IN 31627 1086 23 number number NN 31627 1086 24 , , , 31627 1086 25 and and CC 31627 1086 26 terminating terminate VBG 31627 1086 27 in in IN 31627 1086 28 the the DT 31627 1086 29 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1086 30 de de NNP 31627 1086 31 Beauny Beauny NNP 31627 1086 32 , , , 31627 1086 33 the the DT 31627 1086 34 most most RBS 31627 1086 35 northerly northerly JJ 31627 1086 36 member member NN 31627 1086 37 of of IN 31627 1086 38 the the DT 31627 1086 39 chain chain NN 31627 1086 40 -- -- : 31627 1086 41 is be VBZ 31627 1086 42 presented present VBN 31627 1086 43 to to IN 31627 1086 44 the the DT 31627 1086 45 spectator spectator NN 31627 1086 46 . . . 31627 1087 1 To to IN 31627 1087 2 the the DT 31627 1087 3 right right NN 31627 1087 4 is be VBZ 31627 1087 5 the the DT 31627 1087 6 Vale vale NN 31627 1087 7 of of IN 31627 1087 8 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 1087 9 and and CC 31627 1087 10 the the DT 31627 1087 11 rich rich JJ 31627 1087 12 valley valley NN 31627 1087 13 of of IN 31627 1087 14 the the DT 31627 1087 15 Allier Allier NNP 31627 1087 16 merging merge VBG 31627 1087 17 into into IN 31627 1087 18 the the DT 31627 1087 19 great great JJ 31627 1087 20 plain plain NN 31627 1087 21 of of IN 31627 1087 22 Central Central NNP 31627 1087 23 France France NNP 31627 1087 24 . . . 31627 1088 1 On on IN 31627 1088 2 the the DT 31627 1088 3 south south JJ 31627 1088 4 side side NN 31627 1088 5 of of IN 31627 1088 6 the the DT 31627 1088 7 platform platform NN 31627 1088 8 a a DT 31627 1088 9 no no RB 31627 1088 10 less less RBR 31627 1088 11 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1088 12 spectacle spectacle NN 31627 1088 13 meets meet VBZ 31627 1088 14 the the DT 31627 1088 15 eye eye NN 31627 1088 16 . . . 31627 1089 1 The the DT 31627 1089 2 chain chain NN 31627 1089 3 of of IN 31627 1089 4 Puys Puys NNP 31627 1089 5 and and CC 31627 1089 6 broken broken JJ 31627 1089 7 craters crater NNS 31627 1089 8 stretches stretch VBZ 31627 1089 9 away away RB 31627 1089 10 southwards southward NNS 31627 1089 11 for for IN 31627 1089 12 a a DT 31627 1089 13 distance distance NN 31627 1089 14 of of IN 31627 1089 15 nearly nearly RB 31627 1089 16 ten ten CD 31627 1089 17 miles mile NNS 31627 1089 18 , , , 31627 1089 19 while while IN 31627 1089 20 the the DT 31627 1089 21 horizon horizon NN 31627 1089 22 is be VBZ 31627 1089 23 bounded bound VBN 31627 1089 24 in in IN 31627 1089 25 that that DT 31627 1089 26 direction direction NN 31627 1089 27 by by IN 31627 1089 28 the the DT 31627 1089 29 lofty lofty JJ 31627 1089 30 masses masse NNS 31627 1089 31 of of IN 31627 1089 32 the the DT 31627 1089 33 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1089 34 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1089 35 , , , 31627 1089 36 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1089 37 , , , 31627 1089 38 and and CC 31627 1089 39 Le Le NNP 31627 1089 40 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1089 41 ranges range VBZ 31627 1089 42 . . . 31627 1090 1 Nor nor CC 31627 1090 2 does do VBZ 31627 1090 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1090 4 require require VB 31627 1090 5 much much JJ 31627 1090 6 effort effort NN 31627 1090 7 of of IN 31627 1090 8 the the DT 31627 1090 9 imagination imagination NN 31627 1090 10 to to TO 31627 1090 11 restore restore VB 31627 1090 12 the the DT 31627 1090 13 character character NN 31627 1090 14 of of IN 31627 1090 15 the the DT 31627 1090 16 region region NN 31627 1090 17 when when WRB 31627 1090 18 these these DT 31627 1090 19 now now RB 31627 1090 20 dormant dormant JJ 31627 1090 21 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1090 22 were be VBD 31627 1090 23 in in IN 31627 1090 24 full full JJ 31627 1090 25 activity activity NN 31627 1090 26 , , , 31627 1090 27 projecting projecting NN 31627 1090 28 showers shower NNS 31627 1090 29 of of IN 31627 1090 30 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1090 31 and and CC 31627 1090 32 stones stone NNS 31627 1090 33 high high RB 31627 1090 34 into into IN 31627 1090 35 the the DT 31627 1090 36 air air NN 31627 1090 37 amidst amidst IN 31627 1090 38 flames flame NNS 31627 1090 39 of of IN 31627 1090 40 fire fire NN 31627 1090 41 and and CC 31627 1090 42 vast vast JJ 31627 1090 43 clouds cloud NNS 31627 1090 44 of of IN 31627 1090 45 incandescent incandescent JJ 31627 1090 46 gas gas NN 31627 1090 47 and and CC 31627 1090 48 steam steam NN 31627 1090 49 . . . 31627 1091 1 The the DT 31627 1091 2 material material NN 31627 1091 3 of of IN 31627 1091 4 which which WDT 31627 1091 5 the the DT 31627 1091 6 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1091 7 de de NNP 31627 1091 8 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1091 9 is be VBZ 31627 1091 10 formed form VBN 31627 1091 11 consists consist NNS 31627 1091 12 of of IN 31627 1091 13 a a DT 31627 1091 14 light light JJ 31627 1091 15 grey grey NN 31627 1091 16 , , , 31627 1091 17 nearly nearly RB 31627 1091 18 white white JJ 31627 1091 19 , , , 31627 1091 20 soft soft JJ 31627 1091 21 felsitic felsitic JJ 31627 1091 22 lava lava NN 31627 1091 23 , , , 31627 1091 24 containing contain VBG 31627 1091 25 crystals crystal NNS 31627 1091 26 of of IN 31627 1091 27 mica mica NNP 31627 1091 28 , , , 31627 1091 29 hornblende hornblende NNP 31627 1091 30 , , , 31627 1091 31 and and CC 31627 1091 32 specular specular JJ 31627 1091 33 iron iron NN 31627 1091 34 - - HYPH 31627 1091 35 ore ore NN 31627 1091 36 . . . 31627 1092 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1092 2 is be VBZ 31627 1092 3 highly highly RB 31627 1092 4 vesicular vesicular JJ 31627 1092 5 , , , 31627 1092 6 and and CC 31627 1092 7 was be VBD 31627 1092 8 probably probably RB 31627 1092 9 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1092 10 in in IN 31627 1092 11 a a DT 31627 1092 12 pasty pasty NN 31627 1092 13 condition condition NN 31627 1092 14 from from IN 31627 1092 15 a a DT 31627 1092 16 throat throat NN 31627 1092 17 piercing pierce VBG 31627 1092 18 the the DT 31627 1092 19 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1092 20 plateau plateau NN 31627 1092 21 and and CC 31627 1092 22 the the DT 31627 1092 23 overlying overlying NN 31627 1092 24 sheet sheet NN 31627 1092 25 of of IN 31627 1092 26 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1092 27 lava lava NN 31627 1092 28 of of IN 31627 1092 29 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1092 30 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1092 31 . . . 31627 1093 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1093 2 has have VBZ 31627 1093 3 been be VBN 31627 1093 4 suggested suggest VBN 31627 1093 5 that that IN 31627 1093 6 such such JJ 31627 1093 7 highly highly RB 31627 1093 8 felsitic felsitic JJ 31627 1093 9 and and CC 31627 1093 10 acid acid JJ 31627 1093 11 lavas lavas NNP 31627 1093 12 as as IN 31627 1093 13 that that DT 31627 1093 14 of of IN 31627 1093 15 which which WDT 31627 1093 16 the the DT 31627 1093 17 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1093 18 de de NNP 31627 1093 19 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1093 20 , , , 31627 1093 21 the the DT 31627 1093 22 Grand Grand NNP 31627 1093 23 Sarcoui Sarcoui NNP 31627 1093 24 , , , 31627 1093 25 and and CC 31627 1093 26 Cliersou Cliersou NNP 31627 1093 27 are be VBP 31627 1093 28 composed compose VBN 31627 1093 29 , , , 31627 1093 30 may may MD 31627 1093 31 have have VB 31627 1093 32 had have VBN 31627 1093 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1093 34 origin origin NN 31627 1093 35 in in IN 31627 1093 36 the the DT 31627 1093 37 granite granite NN 31627 1093 38 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1093 39 , , , 31627 1093 40 melted melt VBN 31627 1093 41 and and CC 31627 1093 42 rendered render VBN 31627 1093 43 viscous viscous JJ 31627 1093 44 by by IN 31627 1093 45 intense intense JJ 31627 1093 46 heat heat NN 31627 1093 47 . . . 31627 1094 1 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1094 2 E. E. NNP 31627 1094 3 Gordon Gordon NNP 31627 1094 4 Hull Hull NNP 31627 1094 5 has have VBZ 31627 1094 6 suggested suggest VBN 31627 1094 7 that that IN 31627 1094 8 the the DT 31627 1094 9 domite domite NN 31627 1094 10 hills hill NNS 31627 1094 11 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1094 12 owing owe VBG 31627 1094 13 to to IN 31627 1094 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1094 15 low low JJ 31627 1094 16 specific specific JJ 31627 1094 17 gravity gravity NN 31627 1094 18 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1094 19 may may MD 31627 1094 20 have have VB 31627 1094 21 filled fill VBN 31627 1094 22 up up RP 31627 1094 23 pre pre JJ 31627 1094 24 - - JJ 31627 1094 25 existing existing JJ 31627 1094 26 craters crater NNS 31627 1094 27 of of IN 31627 1094 28 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1094 29 and and CC 31627 1094 30 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 1094 31 without without IN 31627 1094 32 rupturing rupture VBG 31627 1094 33 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1094 34 , , , 31627 1094 35 as as IN 31627 1094 36 in in IN 31627 1094 37 the the DT 31627 1094 38 case case NN 31627 1094 39 of of IN 31627 1094 40 the the DT 31627 1094 41 heavier heavy JJR 31627 1094 42 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1094 43 lavas lavas NNP 31627 1094 44 , , , 31627 1094 45 and and CC 31627 1094 46 then then RB 31627 1094 47 still still RB 31627 1094 48 continuing continue VBG 31627 1094 49 to to TO 31627 1094 50 be be VB 31627 1094 51 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1094 52 , , , 31627 1094 53 may may MD 31627 1094 54 have have VB 31627 1094 55 entirely entirely RB 31627 1094 56 enveloped envelop VBN 31627 1094 57 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1094 58 in in IN 31627 1094 59 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1094 60 mass mass NN 31627 1094 61 ; ; : 31627 1094 62 so so IN 31627 1094 63 that that IN 31627 1094 64 each each DT 31627 1094 65 domite domite NN 31627 1094 66 hill hill NNP 31627 1094 67 encloses enclose VBZ 31627 1094 68 within within IN 31627 1094 69 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1094 70 interior interior NNP 31627 1094 71 a a DT 31627 1094 72 crater crater NN 31627 1094 73 formed form VBN 31627 1094 74 of of IN 31627 1094 75 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1094 76 , , , 31627 1094 77 stones stone NNS 31627 1094 78 , , , 31627 1094 79 and and CC 31627 1094 80 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 1094 81 . . . 31627 1095 1 In in IN 31627 1095 2 the the DT 31627 1095 3 case case NN 31627 1095 4 of of IN 31627 1095 5 the the DT 31627 1095 6 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1095 7 de de NNP 31627 1095 8 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1095 9 there there EX 31627 1095 10 is be VBZ 31627 1095 11 some some DT 31627 1095 12 evidence evidence NN 31627 1095 13 that that IN 31627 1095 14 the the DT 31627 1095 15 domite domite JJ 31627 1095 16 matter matter NN 31627 1095 17 rests rest VBZ 31627 1095 18 on on IN 31627 1095 19 a a DT 31627 1095 20 basis basis NN 31627 1095 21 of of IN 31627 1095 22 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1095 23 and and CC 31627 1095 24 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 1095 25 , , , 31627 1095 26 which which WDT 31627 1095 27 may may MD 31627 1095 28 be be VB 31627 1095 29 seen see VBN 31627 1095 30 in in IN 31627 1095 31 a a DT 31627 1095 32 few few JJ 31627 1095 33 places place NNS 31627 1095 34 around around IN 31627 1095 35 the the DT 31627 1095 36 base base NN 31627 1095 37 of of IN 31627 1095 38 the the DT 31627 1095 39 cone cone NN 31627 1095 40 . . . 31627 1096 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1096 2 is be VBZ 31627 1096 3 difficult difficult JJ 31627 1096 4 without without IN 31627 1096 5 some some DT 31627 1096 6 such such JJ 31627 1096 7 theory theory NN 31627 1096 8 as as IN 31627 1096 9 this this DT 31627 1096 10 to to TO 31627 1096 11 explain explain VB 31627 1096 12 how how WRB 31627 1096 13 a a DT 31627 1096 14 viscous viscous JJ 31627 1096 15 mass mass NN 31627 1096 16 was be VBD 31627 1096 17 able able JJ 31627 1096 18 to to TO 31627 1096 19 raise raise VB 31627 1096 20 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1096 21 some some DT 31627 1096 22 2000 2000 CD 31627 1096 23 or or CC 31627 1096 24 3000 3000 CD 31627 1096 25 feet foot NNS 31627 1096 26 above above IN 31627 1096 27 the the DT 31627 1096 28 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1096 29 plain plain NN 31627 1096 30 . . . 31627 1097 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1097 2 13 13 CD 31627 1097 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1097 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1097 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1097 6 j. j. NNP 31627 1097 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1097 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1097 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1097 10 Sketch Sketch NNP 31627 1097 11 of of IN 31627 1097 12 the the DT 31627 1097 13 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1097 14 History history NN 31627 1097 15 of of IN 31627 1097 16 Central central JJ 31627 1097 17 France._--It france._--it NN 31627 1097 18 now now RB 31627 1097 19 only only RB 31627 1097 20 remains remain VBZ 31627 1097 21 to to TO 31627 1097 22 give give VB 31627 1097 23 a a DT 31627 1097 24 brief brief NN 31627 1097 25 _ _ NNP 31627 1097 26 resumé resumé NN 31627 1097 27 _ _ NNP 31627 1097 28 of of IN 31627 1097 29 the the DT 31627 1097 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1097 31 history history NN 31627 1097 32 of of IN 31627 1097 33 this this DT 31627 1097 34 region region NN 31627 1097 35 as as IN 31627 1097 36 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1097 37 may may MD 31627 1097 38 be be VB 31627 1097 39 gathered gather VBN 31627 1097 40 from from IN 31627 1097 41 the the DT 31627 1097 42 relations relation NNS 31627 1097 43 of of IN 31627 1097 44 the the DT 31627 1097 45 rocks rock NNS 31627 1097 46 and and CC 31627 1097 47 strata stratum NNS 31627 1097 48 to to IN 31627 1097 49 the the DT 31627 1097 50 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1097 51 products product NNS 31627 1097 52 , , , 31627 1097 53 and and CC 31627 1097 54 of of IN 31627 1097 55 these these DT 31627 1097 56 latter latter JJ 31627 1097 57 to to IN 31627 1097 58 each each DT 31627 1097 59 other other JJ 31627 1097 60 . . . 31627 1098 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1098 2 1st 1st NNP 31627 1098 3 Stage._--It Stage._--It NNP 31627 1098 4 would would MD 31627 1098 5 appear appear VB 31627 1098 6 that that IN 31627 1098 7 at at IN 31627 1098 8 the the DT 31627 1098 9 close close NN 31627 1098 10 of of IN 31627 1098 11 the the DT 31627 1098 12 Eocene Eocene NNP 31627 1098 13 period period NN 31627 1098 14 great great JJ 31627 1098 15 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 1098 16 changes change NNS 31627 1098 17 occurred occur VBD 31627 1098 18 . . . 31627 1099 1 The the DT 31627 1099 2 bed bed NN 31627 1099 3 of of IN 31627 1099 4 the the DT 31627 1099 5 sea sea NN 31627 1099 6 was be VBD 31627 1099 7 converted convert VBN 31627 1099 8 into into IN 31627 1099 9 dry dry JJ 31627 1099 10 land land NN 31627 1099 11 , , , 31627 1099 12 the the DT 31627 1099 13 strata strata NN 31627 1099 14 were be VBD 31627 1099 15 flexured flexure VBN 31627 1099 16 and and CC 31627 1099 17 denuded denude VBN 31627 1099 18 , , , 31627 1099 19 and and CC 31627 1099 20 a a DT 31627 1099 21 depression depression NN 31627 1099 22 was be VBD 31627 1099 23 formed form VBN 31627 1099 24 in in IN 31627 1099 25 the the DT 31627 1099 26 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1099 27 floor floor NN 31627 1099 28 of of IN 31627 1099 29 Central Central NNP 31627 1099 30 France France NNP 31627 1099 31 , , , 31627 1099 32 which which WDT 31627 1099 33 , , , 31627 1099 34 in in IN 31627 1099 35 the the DT 31627 1099 36 succeeding succeed VBG 31627 1099 37 Miocene miocene JJ 31627 1099 38 period period NN 31627 1099 39 , , , 31627 1099 40 was be VBD 31627 1099 41 converted convert VBN 31627 1099 42 into into IN 31627 1099 43 an an DT 31627 1099 44 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1099 45 lake lake NN 31627 1099 46 peopled people VBN 31627 1099 47 by by IN 31627 1099 48 molluscs molluscs NNP 31627 1099 49 , , , 31627 1099 50 fishes fish NNS 31627 1099 51 , , , 31627 1099 52 reptiles reptile NNS 31627 1099 53 , , , 31627 1099 54 and and CC 31627 1099 55 pachyderms pachyderm NNS 31627 1099 56 of of IN 31627 1099 57 the the DT 31627 1099 58 period period NN 31627 1099 59 . . . 31627 1100 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1100 2 2nd 2nd NNP 31627 1100 3 Stage._--Towards stage._--toward VBZ 31627 1100 4 the the DT 31627 1100 5 close close NN 31627 1100 6 of of IN 31627 1100 7 the the DT 31627 1100 8 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1100 9 epoch epoch NNP 31627 1100 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1100 11 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1100 12 commenced commence VBD 31627 1100 13 on on IN 31627 1100 14 a a DT 31627 1100 15 grand grand JJ 31627 1100 16 scale scale NN 31627 1100 17 over over IN 31627 1100 18 the the DT 31627 1100 19 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1100 20 platform platform NN 31627 1100 21 in in IN 31627 1100 22 the the DT 31627 1100 23 districts district NNS 31627 1100 24 now now RB 31627 1100 25 called call VBN 31627 1100 26 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1100 27 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1100 28 , , , 31627 1100 29 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1100 30 , , , 31627 1100 31 and and CC 31627 1100 32 the the DT 31627 1100 33 Vivarais Vivarais NNP 31627 1100 34 . . . 31627 1101 1 Vast vast JJ 31627 1101 2 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1101 3 of of IN 31627 1101 4 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1101 5 and and CC 31627 1101 6 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1101 7 lavas lavas NNP 31627 1101 8 successively successively RB 31627 1101 9 invaded invade VBD 31627 1101 10 the the DT 31627 1101 11 tracts tract NNS 31627 1101 12 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1101 13 the the DT 31627 1101 14 central central JJ 31627 1101 15 orifices orifice NNS 31627 1101 16 of of IN 31627 1101 17 eruption eruption NN 31627 1101 18 , , , 31627 1101 19 now now RB 31627 1101 20 constituting constitute VBG 31627 1101 21 the the DT 31627 1101 22 more more RBR 31627 1101 23 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1101 24 of of IN 31627 1101 25 the the DT 31627 1101 26 lava lava NN 31627 1101 27 - - HYPH 31627 1101 28 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1101 29 of of IN 31627 1101 30 the the DT 31627 1101 31 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 1101 32 region region NN 31627 1101 33 , , , 31627 1101 34 and and CC 31627 1101 35 , , , 31627 1101 36 invading invade VBG 31627 1101 37 the the DT 31627 1101 38 waters water NNS 31627 1101 39 of of IN 31627 1101 40 the the DT 31627 1101 41 neighbouring neighbouring NN 31627 1101 42 lake lake NN 31627 1101 43 , , , 31627 1101 44 overspread overspread VB 31627 1101 45 the the DT 31627 1101 46 lacustrine lacustrine NN 31627 1101 47 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1101 48 which which WDT 31627 1101 49 were be VBD 31627 1101 50 being be VBG 31627 1101 51 accumulated accumulate VBN 31627 1101 52 therein therein RB 31627 1101 53 . . . 31627 1102 1 These these DT 31627 1102 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1102 3 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1102 4 probably probably RB 31627 1102 5 continued continue VBD 31627 1102 6 throughout throughout IN 31627 1102 7 the the DT 31627 1102 8 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 1102 9 period period NN 31627 1102 10 , , , 31627 1102 11 interrupted interrupt VBN 31627 1102 12 by by IN 31627 1102 13 occasional occasional JJ 31627 1102 14 intervals interval NNS 31627 1102 15 of of IN 31627 1102 16 inactivity inactivity NN 31627 1102 17 , , , 31627 1102 18 and and CC 31627 1102 19 ultimately ultimately RB 31627 1102 20 altogether altogether RB 31627 1102 21 ceased cease VBD 31627 1102 22 . . . 31627 1103 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1103 2 3rd 3rd NNP 31627 1103 3 Stage._--Towards stage._--toward VBZ 31627 1103 4 the the DT 31627 1103 5 close close NN 31627 1103 6 of of IN 31627 1103 7 the the DT 31627 1103 8 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 1103 9 period period NN 31627 1103 10 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 1103 11 movements movement NNS 31627 1103 12 took take VBD 31627 1103 13 place place NN 31627 1103 14 , , , 31627 1103 15 owing owe VBG 31627 1103 16 to to IN 31627 1103 17 which which WDT 31627 1103 18 the the DT 31627 1103 19 waters water NNS 31627 1103 20 of of IN 31627 1103 21 the the DT 31627 1103 22 lake lake NN 31627 1103 23 began begin VBD 31627 1103 24 to to TO 31627 1103 25 fall fall VB 31627 1103 26 away away RB 31627 1103 27 , , , 31627 1103 28 and and CC 31627 1103 29 the the DT 31627 1103 30 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1103 31 of of IN 31627 1103 32 lava lava NN 31627 1103 33 were be VBD 31627 1103 34 subjected subject VBN 31627 1103 35 to to IN 31627 1103 36 great great JJ 31627 1103 37 denudation denudation NN 31627 1103 38 . . . 31627 1104 1 This this DT 31627 1104 2 process process NN 31627 1104 3 , , , 31627 1104 4 probably probably RB 31627 1104 5 accelerated accelerate VBN 31627 1104 6 by by IN 31627 1104 7 excessive excessive JJ 31627 1104 8 rainfall rainfall NN 31627 1104 9 during during IN 31627 1104 10 the the DT 31627 1104 11 succeeding succeed VBG 31627 1104 12 Post Post NNP 31627 1104 13 - - NNP 31627 1104 14 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 1104 15 and and CC 31627 1104 16 Pluvial pluvial JJ 31627 1104 17 periods period NNS 31627 1104 18 , , , 31627 1104 19 was be VBD 31627 1104 20 continued continue VBN 31627 1104 21 until until IN 31627 1104 22 plains plain NNS 31627 1104 23 and and CC 31627 1104 24 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1104 25 river river NN 31627 1104 26 - - HYPH 31627 1104 27 valleys valley NNS 31627 1104 28 were be VBD 31627 1104 29 eroded erode VBN 31627 1104 30 out out IN 31627 1104 31 of of IN 31627 1104 32 the the DT 31627 1104 33 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1104 34 of of IN 31627 1104 35 lava lava NN 31627 1104 36 and and CC 31627 1104 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1104 38 supporting support VBG 31627 1104 39 granitic granitic JJ 31627 1104 40 rocks rock NNS 31627 1104 41 and and CC 31627 1104 42 the the DT 31627 1104 43 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 1104 44 lacustrine lacustrine JJ 31627 1104 45 strata strata NN 31627 1104 46 . . . 31627 1105 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1105 2 4th 4th NNP 31627 1105 3 Stage._--A Stage._--A VBZ 31627 1105 4 new new JJ 31627 1105 5 outburst outburst NN 31627 1105 6 of of IN 31627 1105 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1105 8 forces force NNS 31627 1105 9 marks mark VBZ 31627 1105 10 this this DT 31627 1105 11 stage stage NN 31627 1105 12 , , , 31627 1105 13 during during IN 31627 1105 14 which which WDT 31627 1105 15 the the DT 31627 1105 16 chain chain NN 31627 1105 17 of of IN 31627 1105 18 the the DT 31627 1105 19 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1105 20 de de NNP 31627 1105 21 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1105 22 was be VBD 31627 1105 23 thrown throw VBN 31627 1105 24 up up RP 31627 1105 25 on on IN 31627 1105 26 the the DT 31627 1105 27 west west NN 31627 1105 28 , , , 31627 1105 29 and and CC 31627 1105 30 that that DT 31627 1105 31 of of IN 31627 1105 32 the the DT 31627 1105 33 newer new JJR 31627 1105 34 cones cone NNS 31627 1105 35 of of IN 31627 1105 36 the the DT 31627 1105 37 Vivarais Vivarais NNP 31627 1105 38 on on IN 31627 1105 39 the the DT 31627 1105 40 south south NN 31627 1105 41 - - HYPH 31627 1105 42 east east NN 31627 1105 43 of of IN 31627 1105 44 the the DT 31627 1105 45 lacustrine lacustrine NNP 31627 1105 46 tract tract NN 31627 1105 47 . . . 31627 1106 1 The the DT 31627 1106 2 waters water NNS 31627 1106 3 of of IN 31627 1106 4 the the DT 31627 1106 5 lake lake NN 31627 1106 6 were be VBD 31627 1106 7 now now RB 31627 1106 8 completely completely RB 31627 1106 9 drained drain VBN 31627 1106 10 away away RB 31627 1106 11 through through IN 31627 1106 12 the the DT 31627 1106 13 channel channel NN 31627 1106 14 of of IN 31627 1106 15 the the DT 31627 1106 16 Allier Allier NNP 31627 1106 17 , , , 31627 1106 18 and and CC 31627 1106 19 denudation denudation NN 31627 1106 20 , , , 31627 1106 21 extending extend VBG 31627 1106 22 down down RP 31627 1106 23 to to IN 31627 1106 24 the the DT 31627 1106 25 present present JJ 31627 1106 26 day day NN 31627 1106 27 , , , 31627 1106 28 began begin VBD 31627 1106 29 over over IN 31627 1106 30 the the DT 31627 1106 31 area area NN 31627 1106 32 now now RB 31627 1106 33 forming form VBG 31627 1106 34 the the DT 31627 1106 35 Vale vale NN 31627 1106 36 of of IN 31627 1106 37 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 1106 38 and and CC 31627 1106 39 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 1106 40 districts district NNS 31627 1106 41 . . . 31627 1107 1 The the DT 31627 1107 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1107 3 action action NN 31627 1107 4 ultimately ultimately RB 31627 1107 5 spent spend VBD 31627 1107 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1107 7 force force NN 31627 1107 8 ; ; : 31627 1107 9 and and CC 31627 1107 10 somewhere somewhere RB 31627 1107 11 about about IN 31627 1107 12 the the DT 31627 1107 13 time time NN 31627 1107 14 of of IN 31627 1107 15 the the DT 31627 1107 16 appearance appearance NN 31627 1107 17 of of IN 31627 1107 18 man man NN 31627 1107 19 , , , 31627 1107 20 the the DT 31627 1107 21 mammoth mammoth NN 31627 1107 22 , , , 31627 1107 23 rhinoceros rhinoceros NNP 31627 1107 24 , , , 31627 1107 25 stag stag JJ 31627 1107 26 , , , 31627 1107 27 and and CC 31627 1107 28 reindeer reindeer VB 31627 1107 29 on on IN 31627 1107 30 the the DT 31627 1107 31 scene scene NN 31627 1107 32 , , , 31627 1107 33 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1107 34 entirely entirely RB 31627 1107 35 ceased cease VBD 31627 1107 36 , , , 31627 1107 37 and and CC 31627 1107 38 gradually gradually RB 31627 1107 39 the the DT 31627 1107 40 region region NN 31627 1107 41 assumed assume VBD 31627 1107 42 those those DT 31627 1107 43 conditions condition NNS 31627 1107 44 of of IN 31627 1107 45 repose repose NN 31627 1107 46 by by IN 31627 1107 47 which which WDT 31627 1107 48 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1107 49 is be VBZ 31627 1107 50 now now RB 31627 1107 51 physically physically RB 31627 1107 52 characterised characterise VBN 31627 1107 53 . . . 31627 1108 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1108 2 1 1 LS 31627 1108 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1108 4 The the DT 31627 1108 5 literature literature NN 31627 1108 6 referring refer VBG 31627 1108 7 to to IN 31627 1108 8 this this DT 31627 1108 9 region region NN 31627 1108 10 is be VBZ 31627 1108 11 very very RB 31627 1108 12 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1108 13 . . . 31627 1109 1 Guettard Guettard NNP 31627 1109 2 in in IN 31627 1109 3 1775 1775 CD 31627 1109 4 , , , 31627 1109 5 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 1109 6 Faujas Faujas NNP 31627 1109 7 , , , 31627 1109 8 published publish VBN 31627 1109 9 descriptions description NNS 31627 1109 10 of of IN 31627 1109 11 the the DT 31627 1109 12 rocks rock NNS 31627 1109 13 of of IN 31627 1109 14 the the DT 31627 1109 15 Vivarais Vivarais NNP 31627 1109 16 and and CC 31627 1109 17 Velay Velay NNP 31627 1109 18 ; ; : 31627 1109 19 and and CC 31627 1109 20 Desmarest Desmarest NNP 31627 1109 21 's 's POS 31627 1109 22 geological geological JJ 31627 1109 23 map map NN 31627 1109 24 , , , 31627 1109 25 published publish VBN 31627 1109 26 in in IN 31627 1109 27 1779 1779 CD 31627 1109 28 , , , 31627 1109 29 is be VBZ 31627 1109 30 a a DT 31627 1109 31 work work NN 31627 1109 32 of of IN 31627 1109 33 great great JJ 31627 1109 34 merit merit NN 31627 1109 35 . . . 31627 1110 1 The the DT 31627 1110 2 district district NN 31627 1110 3 was be VBD 31627 1110 4 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 1110 5 described describe VBN 31627 1110 6 by by IN 31627 1110 7 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 1110 8 , , , 31627 1110 9 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 1110 10 , , , 31627 1110 11 Von Von NNP 31627 1110 12 Buch Buch NNP 31627 1110 13 , , , 31627 1110 14 and and CC 31627 1110 15 others other NNS 31627 1110 16 ; ; : 31627 1110 17 but but CC 31627 1110 18 by by IN 31627 1110 19 far far RB 31627 1110 20 the the DT 31627 1110 21 most most RBS 31627 1110 22 complete complete JJ 31627 1110 23 work work NN 31627 1110 24 is be VBZ 31627 1110 25 that that DT 31627 1110 26 of of IN 31627 1110 27 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1110 28 , , , 31627 1110 29 entitled entitle VBN 31627 1110 30 _ _ NNP 31627 1110 31 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 1110 32 of of IN 31627 1110 33 Central Central NNP 31627 1110 34 France France NNP 31627 1110 35 _ _ NNP 31627 1110 36 , , , 31627 1110 37 containing contain VBG 31627 1110 38 maps map NNS 31627 1110 39 and and CC 31627 1110 40 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1110 41 illustrations illustration NNS 31627 1110 42 , , , 31627 1110 43 published publish VBN 31627 1110 44 in in IN 31627 1110 45 1826 1826 CD 31627 1110 46 , , , 31627 1110 47 and and CC 31627 1110 48 republished republish VBD 31627 1110 49 in in IN 31627 1110 50 a a DT 31627 1110 51 more more RBR 31627 1110 52 extended extended JJ 31627 1110 53 form form NN 31627 1110 54 in in IN 31627 1110 55 1858 1858 CD 31627 1110 56 ; ; : 31627 1110 57 to to IN 31627 1110 58 this this DT 31627 1110 59 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1110 60 am be VBP 31627 1110 61 largely largely RB 31627 1110 62 indebted indebted JJ 31627 1110 63 . . . 31627 1111 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1111 2 2 2 LS 31627 1111 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1111 4 A a DT 31627 1111 5 monument monument NN 31627 1111 6 to to IN 31627 1111 7 Pascal Pascal NNP 31627 1111 8 , , , 31627 1111 9 erected erect VBN 31627 1111 10 by by IN 31627 1111 11 the the DT 31627 1111 12 citizens citizen NNS 31627 1111 13 , , , 31627 1111 14 occupies occupy VBZ 31627 1111 15 the the DT 31627 1111 16 centre centre NN 31627 1111 17 of of IN 31627 1111 18 the the DT 31627 1111 19 square square NN 31627 1111 20 in in IN 31627 1111 21 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 1111 22 . . . 31627 1112 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1112 2 will will MD 31627 1112 3 be be VB 31627 1112 4 remembered remember VBN 31627 1112 5 that that IN 31627 1112 6 Pascal Pascal NNP 31627 1112 7 verified verify VBD 31627 1112 8 the the DT 31627 1112 9 conclusions conclusion NNS 31627 1112 10 arrived arrive VBN 31627 1112 11 at at IN 31627 1112 12 by by IN 31627 1112 13 Torricelli Torricelli NNP 31627 1112 14 regarding regard VBG 31627 1112 15 the the DT 31627 1112 16 pressure pressure NN 31627 1112 17 of of IN 31627 1112 18 the the DT 31627 1112 19 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 1112 20 , , , 31627 1112 21 by by IN 31627 1112 22 carrying carry VBG 31627 1112 23 a a DT 31627 1112 24 Torricellian torricellian JJ 31627 1112 25 tube tube NN 31627 1112 26 to to IN 31627 1112 27 the the DT 31627 1112 28 summit summit NN 31627 1112 29 of of IN 31627 1112 30 the the DT 31627 1112 31 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1112 32 de de NNP 31627 1112 33 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1112 34 , , , 31627 1112 35 and and CC 31627 1112 36 recording record VBG 31627 1112 37 how how WRB 31627 1112 38 the the DT 31627 1112 39 mercury mercury NN 31627 1112 40 continually continually RB 31627 1112 41 fell fall VBD 31627 1112 42 during during IN 31627 1112 43 the the DT 31627 1112 44 ascent ascent NN 31627 1112 45 , , , 31627 1112 46 and and CC 31627 1112 47 rose rise VBD 31627 1112 48 as as IN 31627 1112 49 he -PRON- PRP 31627 1112 50 descended descend VBD 31627 1112 51 . . . 31627 1113 1 This this DT 31627 1113 2 experiment experiment NN 31627 1113 3 was be VBD 31627 1113 4 made make VBN 31627 1113 5 in in IN 31627 1113 6 1645 1645 CD 31627 1113 7 . . . 31627 1114 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1114 2 3 3 LS 31627 1114 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1114 4 In in IN 31627 1114 5 this this DT 31627 1114 6 visit visit NN 31627 1114 7 to to IN 31627 1114 8 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 1114 9 in in IN 31627 1114 10 the the DT 31627 1114 11 summer summer NN 31627 1114 12 of of IN 31627 1114 13 1880 1880 CD 31627 1114 14 , , , 31627 1114 15 the the DT 31627 1114 16 author author NN 31627 1114 17 was be VBD 31627 1114 18 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 1114 19 by by IN 31627 1114 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1114 21 son son NN 31627 1114 22 , , , 31627 1114 23 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1114 24 E. E. NNP 31627 1114 25 Gordon Gordon NNP 31627 1114 26 Hull Hull NNP 31627 1114 27 , , , 31627 1114 28 and and CC 31627 1114 29 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1114 30 Robert Robert NNP 31627 1114 31 S. S. NNP 31627 1114 32 Ball Ball NNP 31627 1114 33 . . . 31627 1115 1 On on IN 31627 1115 2 reaching reach VBG 31627 1115 3 the the DT 31627 1115 4 station station NN 31627 1115 5 at at IN 31627 1115 6 the the DT 31627 1115 7 summit summit NN 31627 1115 8 of of IN 31627 1115 9 the the DT 31627 1115 10 ridge ridge NN 31627 1115 11 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1115 12 seemed seem VBD 31627 1115 13 as as IN 31627 1115 14 if if IN 31627 1115 15 the the DT 31627 1115 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1115 17 fires fire NNS 31627 1115 18 had have VBD 31627 1115 19 again again RB 31627 1115 20 been be VBN 31627 1115 21 lighted light VBN 31627 1115 22 , , , 31627 1115 23 for for IN 31627 1115 24 the the DT 31627 1115 25 whole whole JJ 31627 1115 26 sky sky NN 31627 1115 27 was be VBD 31627 1115 28 aglow aglow NN 31627 1115 29 with with IN 31627 1115 30 the the DT 31627 1115 31 rays ray NNS 31627 1115 32 of of IN 31627 1115 33 the the DT 31627 1115 34 western western JJ 31627 1115 35 sun sun NN 31627 1115 36 . . . 31627 1116 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1116 2 4 4 LS 31627 1116 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1116 4 On on IN 31627 1116 5 the the DT 31627 1116 6 other other JJ 31627 1116 7 hand hand NN 31627 1116 8 , , , 31627 1116 9 certain certain JJ 31627 1116 10 beds bed NNS 31627 1116 11 of of IN 31627 1116 12 ash ash NN 31627 1116 13 and and CC 31627 1116 14 other other JJ 31627 1116 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1116 16 _ _ NNP 31627 1116 17 ejecta ejecta NNP 31627 1116 18 _ _ NNP 31627 1116 19 occur occur VBP 31627 1116 20 in in IN 31627 1116 21 _ _ NNP 31627 1116 22 the the DT 31627 1116 23 uppermost uppermost JJ 31627 1116 24 _ _ NNP 31627 1116 25 strata strata NN 31627 1116 26 of of IN 31627 1116 27 lake lake NN 31627 1116 28 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1116 29 of of IN 31627 1116 30 Limagne Limagne NNP 31627 1116 31 , , , 31627 1116 32 so so IN 31627 1116 33 that that IN 31627 1116 34 these these DT 31627 1116 35 may may MD 31627 1116 36 indicate indicate VB 31627 1116 37 the the DT 31627 1116 38 commencement commencement NN 31627 1116 39 of of IN 31627 1116 40 the the DT 31627 1116 41 period period NN 31627 1116 42 of of IN 31627 1116 43 eruption eruption NN 31627 1116 44 , , , 31627 1116 45 as as IN 31627 1116 46 suggested suggest VBN 31627 1116 47 further further RB 31627 1116 48 on on RB 31627 1116 49 . . . 31627 1117 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1117 2 5 5 CD 31627 1117 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1117 4 Only only RB 31627 1117 5 very very RB 31627 1117 6 closely closely RB 31627 1117 7 ; ; : 31627 1117 8 for for IN 31627 1117 9 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1117 10 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1117 11 considers consider VBZ 31627 1117 12 that that IN 31627 1117 13 the the DT 31627 1117 14 crater crater NN 31627 1117 15 - - HYPH 31627 1117 16 cones cone NNS 31627 1117 17 of of IN 31627 1117 18 the the DT 31627 1117 19 chain chain NN 31627 1117 20 of of IN 31627 1117 21 the the DT 31627 1117 22 Haute Haute NNP 31627 1117 23 Loire Loire NNP 31627 1117 24 give give VBP 31627 1117 25 evidence evidence NN 31627 1117 26 of of IN 31627 1117 27 a a DT 31627 1117 28 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 1117 29 earlier early JJR 31627 1117 30 epoch epoch NN 31627 1117 31 of of IN 31627 1117 32 activity activity NN 31627 1117 33 than than IN 31627 1117 34 those those DT 31627 1117 35 of of IN 31627 1117 36 the the DT 31627 1117 37 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1117 38 de de NNP 31627 1117 39 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1117 40 , , , 31627 1117 41 as as IN 31627 1117 42 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1117 43 have have VBP 31627 1117 44 undergone undergo VBN 31627 1117 45 a a DT 31627 1117 46 greater great JJR 31627 1117 47 amount amount NN 31627 1117 48 of of IN 31627 1117 49 subaerial subaerial JJ 31627 1117 50 erosion erosion NN 31627 1117 51 . . . 31627 1118 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1118 2 6 6 CD 31627 1118 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1118 4 The the DT 31627 1118 5 extent extent NN 31627 1118 6 of of IN 31627 1118 7 this this DT 31627 1118 8 river river NN 31627 1118 9 erosion erosion NN 31627 1118 10 has have VBZ 31627 1118 11 been be VBN 31627 1118 12 clearly clearly RB 31627 1118 13 brought bring VBN 31627 1118 14 out out RP 31627 1118 15 by by IN 31627 1118 16 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1118 17 , , , 31627 1118 18 and and CC 31627 1118 19 is be VBZ 31627 1118 20 admirably admirably RB 31627 1118 21 illustrated illustrate VBN 31627 1118 22 by by IN 31627 1118 23 several several JJ 31627 1118 24 of of IN 31627 1118 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1118 26 panoramic panoramic JJ 31627 1118 27 views view NNS 31627 1118 28 , , , 31627 1118 29 such such JJ 31627 1118 30 as as IN 31627 1118 31 that that DT 31627 1118 32 in in IN 31627 1118 33 Plate Plate NNP 31627 1118 34 IX IX NNP 31627 1118 35 . . . 31627 1119 1 of of IN 31627 1119 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1119 3 work work NN 31627 1119 4 . . . 31627 1120 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1120 2 7 7 CD 31627 1120 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1120 4 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1120 5 , , , 31627 1120 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1120 7 loc loc NN 31627 1120 8 . . . 31627 1121 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1121 2 . . . 31627 1121 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1121 4 , , , 31627 1121 5 p. p. NN 31627 1121 6 147 147 CD 31627 1121 7 . . . 31627 1122 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1122 2 8 8 CD 31627 1122 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1122 4 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1122 5 , , , 31627 1122 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1122 7 loc loc NN 31627 1122 8 . . . 31627 1123 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1123 2 . . . 31627 1123 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1123 4 , , , 31627 1123 5 p. p. NN 31627 1123 6 144 144 CD 31627 1123 7 . . . 31627 1124 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1124 2 9 9 CD 31627 1124 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1124 4 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1124 5 gives give VBZ 31627 1124 6 a a DT 31627 1124 7 view view NN 31627 1124 8 of of IN 31627 1124 9 these these DT 31627 1124 10 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1124 11 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1124 12 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1124 13 in in IN 31627 1124 14 Plate Plate NNP 31627 1124 15 XII XII NNP 31627 1124 16 . . . 31627 1125 1 of of IN 31627 1125 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1125 3 work work NN 31627 1125 4 , , , 31627 1125 5 from from IN 31627 1125 6 which which WDT 31627 1125 7 the the DT 31627 1125 8 above above JJ 31627 1125 9 account account NN 31627 1125 10 is be VBZ 31627 1125 11 taken take VBN 31627 1125 12 . . . 31627 1126 1 At at IN 31627 1126 2 one one CD 31627 1126 3 spot spot NN 31627 1126 4 near near IN 31627 1126 5 the the DT 31627 1126 6 village village NN 31627 1126 7 of of IN 31627 1126 8 Le Le NNP 31627 1126 9 Gua Gua NNP 31627 1126 10 there there EX 31627 1126 11 is be VBZ 31627 1126 12 a a DT 31627 1126 13 break break NN 31627 1126 14 in in IN 31627 1126 15 the the DT 31627 1126 16 continuity continuity NN 31627 1126 17 of of IN 31627 1126 18 the the DT 31627 1126 19 sheet sheet NN 31627 1126 20 . . . 31627 1127 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1127 2 10 10 CD 31627 1127 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1127 4 See see VB 31627 1127 5 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 1127 6 , , , 31627 1127 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1127 8 loc loc NN 31627 1127 9 . . . 31627 1128 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1128 2 . . . 31627 1128 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1128 4 , , , 31627 1128 5 p. p. NN 31627 1128 6 181 181 CD 31627 1128 7 ; ; : 31627 1128 8 also also RB 31627 1128 9 Appendix Appendix NNP 31627 1128 10 , , , 31627 1128 11 p. p. NN 31627 1128 12 228 228 CD 31627 1128 13 . . . 31627 1129 1 While while IN 31627 1129 2 there there EX 31627 1129 3 is be VBZ 31627 1129 4 no no DT 31627 1129 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1129 6 primâ primâ NN 31627 1129 7 facie facie NN 31627 1129 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1129 9 reason reason NN 31627 1129 10 for for IN 31627 1129 11 questioning question VBG 31627 1129 12 the the DT 31627 1129 13 origin origin NN 31627 1129 14 of of IN 31627 1129 15 the the DT 31627 1129 16 Demise Demise NNP 31627 1129 17 skull skull NN 31627 1129 18 , , , 31627 1129 19 yet yet RB 31627 1129 20 from from IN 31627 1129 21 what what WP 31627 1129 22 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 1129 23 states state VBZ 31627 1129 24 in in IN 31627 1129 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1129 26 _ _ NNP 31627 1129 27 Antiquity Antiquity NNP 31627 1129 28 of of IN 31627 1129 29 Man Man NNP 31627 1129 30 _ _ NNP 31627 1129 31 , , , 31627 1129 32 p. p. NN 31627 1129 33 196 196 CD 31627 1129 34 , , , 31627 1129 35 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1129 36 will will MD 31627 1129 37 be be VB 31627 1129 38 seen see VBN 31627 1129 39 that that IN 31627 1129 40 he -PRON- PRP 31627 1129 41 found find VBD 31627 1129 42 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1129 43 impossible impossible JJ 31627 1129 44 to to TO 31627 1129 45 identify identify VB 31627 1129 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1129 47 position position NN 31627 1129 48 , , , 31627 1129 49 or or CC 31627 1129 50 to to TO 31627 1129 51 determine determine VB 31627 1129 52 beyond beyond IN 31627 1129 53 question question NN 31627 1129 54 that that IN 31627 1129 55 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1129 56 interment interment NN 31627 1129 57 was be VBD 31627 1129 58 due due JJ 31627 1129 59 to to IN 31627 1129 60 natural natural JJ 31627 1129 61 causes cause NNS 31627 1129 62 . . . 31627 1130 1 But but CC 31627 1130 2 assuming assume VBG 31627 1130 3 this this DT 31627 1130 4 to to TO 31627 1130 5 be be VB 31627 1130 6 the the DT 31627 1130 7 case case NN 31627 1130 8 , , , 31627 1130 9 he -PRON- PRP 31627 1130 10 shows show VBZ 31627 1130 11 how how WRB 31627 1130 12 the the DT 31627 1130 13 individual individual NN 31627 1130 14 to to IN 31627 1130 15 whom whom WP 31627 1130 16 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1130 17 belonged belong VBD 31627 1130 18 might may MD 31627 1130 19 have have VB 31627 1130 20 been be VBN 31627 1130 21 enveloped envelop VBN 31627 1130 22 in in IN 31627 1130 23 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1130 24 tuff tuff NNS 31627 1130 25 or or CC 31627 1130 26 mud mud NN 31627 1130 27 showered shower VBD 31627 1130 28 down down RP 31627 1130 29 during during IN 31627 1130 30 the the DT 31627 1130 31 final final JJ 31627 1130 32 eruption eruption NN 31627 1130 33 of of IN 31627 1130 34 the the DT 31627 1130 35 volcano volcano NN 31627 1130 36 of of IN 31627 1130 37 Demise Demise NNP 31627 1130 38 . . . 31627 1131 1 MM MM NNP 31627 1131 2 . . . 31627 1132 1 Hébert hébert NN 31627 1132 2 and and CC 31627 1132 3 Lartet Lartet NNP 31627 1132 4 , , , 31627 1132 5 on on IN 31627 1132 6 visiting visit VBG 31627 1132 7 the the DT 31627 1132 8 locality locality NN 31627 1132 9 , , , 31627 1132 10 also also RB 31627 1132 11 failed fail VBD 31627 1132 12 to to TO 31627 1132 13 find find VB 31627 1132 14 _ _ NNP 31627 1132 15 in in IN 31627 1132 16 situ situ NN 31627 1132 17 _ _ NNP 31627 1132 18 any any DT 31627 1132 19 exact exact JJ 31627 1132 20 counterpart counterpart NN 31627 1132 21 of of IN 31627 1132 22 the the DT 31627 1132 23 stone stone NN 31627 1132 24 now now RB 31627 1132 25 in in IN 31627 1132 26 the the DT 31627 1132 27 museum museum NN 31627 1132 28 of of IN 31627 1132 29 Le Le NNP 31627 1132 30 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1132 31 . . . 31627 1133 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1133 2 11 11 CD 31627 1133 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1133 4 See See NNP 31627 1133 5 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 1133 6 , , , 31627 1133 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1133 8 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNP 31627 1133 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1133 10 , , , 31627 1133 11 p. p. NN 31627 1133 12 31 31 CD 31627 1133 13 . . . 31627 1134 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1134 2 12 12 CD 31627 1134 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1134 4 That that DT 31627 1134 5 is be VBZ 31627 1134 6 to to TO 31627 1134 7 say say VB 31627 1134 8 , , , 31627 1134 9 the the DT 31627 1134 10 surfaces surface NNS 31627 1134 11 of of IN 31627 1134 12 the the DT 31627 1134 13 lava lava NN 31627 1134 14 - - HYPH 31627 1134 15 streams stream NNS 31627 1134 16 are be VBP 31627 1134 17 not not RB 31627 1134 18 at at RB 31627 1134 19 all all RB 31627 1134 20 , , , 31627 1134 21 or or CC 31627 1134 22 only only RB 31627 1134 23 slightly slightly RB 31627 1134 24 , , , 31627 1134 25 decomposed decompose VBN 31627 1134 26 into into IN 31627 1134 27 soil soil NN 31627 1134 28 suitable suitable JJ 31627 1134 29 for for IN 31627 1134 30 the the DT 31627 1134 31 growth growth NN 31627 1134 32 of of IN 31627 1134 33 plants plant NNS 31627 1134 34 , , , 31627 1134 35 except except IN 31627 1134 36 in in IN 31627 1134 37 rare rare JJ 31627 1134 38 instances instance NNS 31627 1134 39 . . . 31627 1135 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1135 2 13 13 CD 31627 1135 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1135 4 E. E. NNP 31627 1135 5 G. G. NNP 31627 1135 6 Hull Hull NNP 31627 1135 7 , , , 31627 1135 8 " " '' 31627 1135 9 On on IN 31627 1135 10 the the DT 31627 1135 11 Domite Domite NNP 31627 1135 12 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 1135 13 of of IN 31627 1135 14 Central Central NNP 31627 1135 15 France France NNP 31627 1135 16 , , , 31627 1135 17 " " '' 31627 1135 18 _ _ NNP 31627 1135 19 Scien Scien NNP 31627 1135 20 . . . 31627 1136 1 Proc Proc NNP 31627 1136 2 . . . 31627 1137 1 Roy Roy NNP 31627 1137 2 . . . 31627 1138 1 Dublin Dublin NNP 31627 1138 2 Society Society NNP 31627 1138 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1138 4 , , , 31627 1138 5 July July NNP 31627 1138 6 1881 1881 CD 31627 1138 7 , , , 31627 1138 8 p. p. NN 31627 1138 9 145 145 CD 31627 1138 10 . . . 31627 1139 1 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1140 1 Hull hull NN 31627 1140 2 determined determine VBD 31627 1140 3 the the DT 31627 1140 4 density density NN 31627 1140 5 of of IN 31627 1140 6 the the DT 31627 1140 7 domite domite NN 31627 1140 8 of of IN 31627 1140 9 the the DT 31627 1140 10 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1140 11 de de NNP 31627 1140 12 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1140 13 to to TO 31627 1140 14 be be VB 31627 1140 15 2.5 2.5 CD 31627 1140 16 , , , 31627 1140 17 while while IN 31627 1140 18 that that DT 31627 1140 19 of of IN 31627 1140 20 lava lava NN 31627 1140 21 is be VBZ 31627 1140 22 about about IN 31627 1140 23 3.0 3.0 CD 31627 1140 24 . . . 31627 1141 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1141 2 VII VII NNP 31627 1141 3 . . . 31627 1142 1 THE the DT 31627 1142 2 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 1142 3 DISTRICT DISTRICT NNP 31627 1142 4 OF of IN 31627 1142 5 THE the DT 31627 1142 6 RHINE RHINE NNP 31627 1142 7 VALLEY VALLEY NNP 31627 1142 8 . . . 31627 1143 1 The the DT 31627 1143 2 region region NN 31627 1143 3 bordering border VBG 31627 1143 4 the the DT 31627 1143 5 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1143 6 along along IN 31627 1143 7 both both CC 31627 1143 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1143 9 banks bank NNS 31627 1143 10 above above IN 31627 1143 11 Bonn Bonn NNP 31627 1143 12 , , , 31627 1143 13 and and CC 31627 1143 14 extending extend VBG 31627 1143 15 thence thence NN 31627 1143 16 along along IN 31627 1143 17 the the DT 31627 1143 18 valley valley NN 31627 1143 19 of of IN 31627 1143 20 the the DT 31627 1143 21 Moselle Moselle NNP 31627 1143 22 and and CC 31627 1143 23 into into IN 31627 1143 24 the the DT 31627 1143 25 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1143 26 , , , 31627 1143 27 has have VBZ 31627 1143 28 been be VBN 31627 1143 29 the the DT 31627 1143 30 theatre theatre NN 31627 1143 31 of of IN 31627 1143 32 active active JJ 31627 1143 33 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1143 34 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1143 35 down down RP 31627 1143 36 into into IN 31627 1143 37 recent recent JJ 31627 1143 38 times time NNS 31627 1143 39 , , , 31627 1143 40 but but CC 31627 1143 41 at at IN 31627 1143 42 the the DT 31627 1143 43 present present JJ 31627 1143 44 day day NN 31627 1143 45 the the DT 31627 1143 46 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1143 47 are be VBP 31627 1143 48 dormant dormant JJ 31627 1143 49 or or CC 31627 1143 50 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1143 51 . . . 31627 1144 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1144 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1144 3 a. a. NN 31627 1144 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1144 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1144 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1144 7 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1144 8 Structure._--The Structure._--The NNP 31627 1144 9 fundamental fundamental JJ 31627 1144 10 rocks rock NNS 31627 1144 11 of of IN 31627 1144 12 this this DT 31627 1144 13 region region NN 31627 1144 14 belong belong VBP 31627 1144 15 to to IN 31627 1144 16 the the DT 31627 1144 17 Silurian silurian JJ 31627 1144 18 , , , 31627 1144 19 Devonian Devonian NNP 31627 1144 20 , , , 31627 1144 21 and and CC 31627 1144 22 Carboniferous carboniferous JJ 31627 1144 23 systems system NNS 31627 1144 24 , , , 31627 1144 25 consisting consist VBG 31627 1144 26 of of IN 31627 1144 27 schists schist NNS 31627 1144 28 , , , 31627 1144 29 grits grit NNS 31627 1144 30 , , , 31627 1144 31 and and CC 31627 1144 32 limestones limestone NNS 31627 1144 33 , , , 31627 1144 34 with with IN 31627 1144 35 occasional occasional JJ 31627 1144 36 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1144 37 beds bed NNS 31627 1144 38 of of IN 31627 1144 39 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1144 40 sandstone sandstone NN 31627 1144 41 and and CC 31627 1144 42 shale shale NN 31627 1144 43 with with IN 31627 1144 44 lignite lignite NN 31627 1144 45 , , , 31627 1144 46 resting rest VBG 31627 1144 47 on on IN 31627 1144 48 the the DT 31627 1144 49 upturned upturned JJ 31627 1144 50 edges edge NNS 31627 1144 51 of of IN 31627 1144 52 the the DT 31627 1144 53 older old JJR 31627 1144 54 rocks rock NNS 31627 1144 55 . . . 31627 1145 1 Scattered scatter VBN 31627 1145 2 over over IN 31627 1145 3 the the DT 31627 1145 4 greater great JJR 31627 1145 5 part part NN 31627 1145 6 of of IN 31627 1145 7 the the DT 31627 1145 8 district district NN 31627 1145 9 here here RB 31627 1145 10 referred refer VBD 31627 1145 11 to to TO 31627 1145 12 are be VBP 31627 1145 13 a a DT 31627 1145 14 number number NN 31627 1145 15 of of IN 31627 1145 16 conical conical JJ 31627 1145 17 eminences eminence NNS 31627 1145 18 , , , 31627 1145 19 often often RB 31627 1145 20 with with IN 31627 1145 21 craters crater NNS 31627 1145 22 , , , 31627 1145 23 the the DT 31627 1145 24 bottoms bottom NNS 31627 1145 25 of of IN 31627 1145 26 which which WDT 31627 1145 27 are be VBP 31627 1145 28 usually usually RB 31627 1145 29 sunk sink VBN 31627 1145 30 much much RB 31627 1145 31 below below IN 31627 1145 32 the the DT 31627 1145 33 present present JJ 31627 1145 34 level level NN 31627 1145 35 of of IN 31627 1145 36 the the DT 31627 1145 37 country country NN 31627 1145 38 , , , 31627 1145 39 and and CC 31627 1145 40 thus thus RB 31627 1145 41 receiving receive VBG 31627 1145 42 the the DT 31627 1145 43 surface surface NN 31627 1145 44 drainage drainage NN 31627 1145 45 , , , 31627 1145 46 have have VBP 31627 1145 47 been be VBN 31627 1145 48 converted convert VBN 31627 1145 49 into into IN 31627 1145 50 little little JJ 31627 1145 51 lakes lake NNS 31627 1145 52 called call VBN 31627 1145 53 " " `` 31627 1145 54 maars maar NNS 31627 1145 55 , , , 31627 1145 56 " " '' 31627 1145 57 differing differ VBG 31627 1145 58 from from IN 31627 1145 59 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 1145 60 lakes lake NNS 31627 1145 61 by by IN 31627 1145 62 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1145 63 circular circular JJ 31627 1145 64 form form NN 31627 1145 65 and and CC 31627 1145 66 the the DT 31627 1145 67 absence absence NN 31627 1145 68 of of IN 31627 1145 69 any any DT 31627 1145 70 _ _ NNP 31627 1145 71 apparent apparent JJ 31627 1145 72 _ _ NNP 31627 1145 73 outlet outlet NN 31627 1145 74 for for IN 31627 1145 75 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1145 76 waters water NNS 31627 1145 77 . . . 31627 1146 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1146 2 1 1 CD 31627 1146 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1146 4 But but CC 31627 1146 5 before before IN 31627 1146 6 entering enter VBG 31627 1146 7 into into IN 31627 1146 8 details detail NNS 31627 1146 9 , , , 31627 1146 10 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1146 11 may may MD 31627 1146 12 be be VB 31627 1146 13 desirable desirable JJ 31627 1146 14 to to TO 31627 1146 15 present present VB 31627 1146 16 the the DT 31627 1146 17 reader reader NN 31627 1146 18 with with IN 31627 1146 19 a a DT 31627 1146 20 short short JJ 31627 1146 21 outline outline NN 31627 1146 22 of of IN 31627 1146 23 the the DT 31627 1146 24 physical physical JJ 31627 1146 25 history history NN 31627 1146 26 of of IN 31627 1146 27 the the DT 31627 1146 28 region region NN 31627 1146 29 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1146 30 which which WDT 31627 1146 31 has have VBZ 31627 1146 32 been be VBN 31627 1146 33 ably ably RB 31627 1146 34 done do VBN 31627 1146 35 by by IN 31627 1146 36 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1146 37 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 1146 38 in in IN 31627 1146 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1146 40 treatise treatise NN 31627 1146 41 , , , 31627 1146 42 to to TO 31627 1146 43 which which WDT 31627 1146 44 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1146 45 have have VBP 31627 1146 46 already already RB 31627 1146 47 referred refer VBN 31627 1146 48 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1146 49 , , , 31627 1146 50 so so IN 31627 1146 51 as as IN 31627 1146 52 to to TO 31627 1146 53 enable enable VB 31627 1146 54 him -PRON- PRP 31627 1146 55 better well RBR 31627 1146 56 to to TO 31627 1146 57 understand understand VB 31627 1146 58 the the DT 31627 1146 59 succession succession NN 31627 1146 60 of of IN 31627 1146 61 physical physical JJ 31627 1146 62 events event NNS 31627 1146 63 in in IN 31627 1146 64 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1146 65 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1146 66 history history NN 31627 1146 67 . . . 31627 1147 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1147 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1147 3 : : : 31627 1147 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1147 5 . . . 31627 1148 1 20.--Sketch 20.--sketch CD 31627 1148 2 Map Map NNP 31627 1148 3 to to TO 31627 1148 4 show show VB 31627 1148 5 the the DT 31627 1148 6 physical physical JJ 31627 1148 7 condition condition NN 31627 1148 8 of of IN 31627 1148 9 the the DT 31627 1148 10 Rhenish Rhenish NNP 31627 1148 11 area area NN 31627 1148 12 in in IN 31627 1148 13 the the DT 31627 1148 14 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1148 15 epoch.--(After epoch.--(After . 31627 1148 16 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 1148 17 . . . 31627 1148 18 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1148 19 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1149 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1149 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1149 3 b. b. NNP 31627 1149 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1149 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1149 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1149 7 Physical Physical NNP 31627 1149 8 History._--From history._--from IN 31627 1149 9 the the DT 31627 1149 10 wide wide JJ 31627 1149 11 distribution distribution NN 31627 1149 12 of of IN 31627 1149 13 stratified stratified JJ 31627 1149 14 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1149 15 of of IN 31627 1149 16 sand sand NN 31627 1149 17 and and CC 31627 1149 18 clay clay NN 31627 1149 19 at at IN 31627 1149 20 high high JJ 31627 1149 21 levels level NNS 31627 1149 22 on on IN 31627 1149 23 both both DT 31627 1149 24 banks bank NNS 31627 1149 25 of of IN 31627 1149 26 the the DT 31627 1149 27 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1149 28 north north NN 31627 1149 29 of of IN 31627 1149 30 the the DT 31627 1149 31 Moselle Moselle NNP 31627 1149 32 , , , 31627 1149 33 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1149 34 would would MD 31627 1149 35 appear appear VB 31627 1149 36 that that IN 31627 1149 37 an an DT 31627 1149 38 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1149 39 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1149 40 - - HYPH 31627 1149 41 water water NN 31627 1149 42 basin basin NN 31627 1149 43 , , , 31627 1149 44 which which WDT 31627 1149 45 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1149 46 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 1149 47 calls call VBZ 31627 1149 48 " " `` 31627 1149 49 The the DT 31627 1149 50 Basin Basin NNP 31627 1149 51 of of IN 31627 1149 52 Neuwied Neuwied NNP 31627 1149 53 , , , 31627 1149 54 " " '' 31627 1149 55 occupied occupy VBD 31627 1149 56 a a DT 31627 1149 57 considerable considerable JJ 31627 1149 58 tract tract NN 31627 1149 59 on on IN 31627 1149 60 both both DT 31627 1149 61 banks bank NNS 31627 1149 62 , , , 31627 1149 63 in in IN 31627 1149 64 the the DT 31627 1149 65 centre centre NN 31627 1149 66 of of IN 31627 1149 67 which which WDT 31627 1149 68 the the DT 31627 1149 69 present present JJ 31627 1149 70 city city NN 31627 1149 71 of of IN 31627 1149 72 Neuwied Neuwied NNP 31627 1149 73 stands stand VBZ 31627 1149 74 . . . 31627 1150 1 This this DT 31627 1150 2 basin basin NN 31627 1150 3 was be VBD 31627 1150 4 bounded bound VBN 31627 1150 5 towards towards IN 31627 1150 6 the the DT 31627 1150 7 south south NN 31627 1150 8 by by IN 31627 1150 9 the the DT 31627 1150 10 slopes slope NNS 31627 1150 11 of of IN 31627 1150 12 the the DT 31627 1150 13 Hündsruck Hündsruck NNP 31627 1150 14 and and CC 31627 1150 15 Taunus Taunus NNP 31627 1150 16 , , , 31627 1150 17 which which WDT 31627 1150 18 at at IN 31627 1150 19 the the DT 31627 1150 20 time time NN 31627 1150 21 here here RB 31627 1150 22 referred refer VBD 31627 1150 23 to to IN 31627 1150 24 formed form VBN 31627 1150 25 a a DT 31627 1150 26 continuous continuous JJ 31627 1150 27 chain chain NN 31627 1150 28 of of IN 31627 1150 29 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1150 30 . . . 31627 1151 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1151 2 Fig fig NN 31627 1151 3 . . . 31627 1152 1 20 20 CD 31627 1152 2 . . . 31627 1152 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1153 1 To to IN 31627 1153 2 the the DT 31627 1153 3 south south NN 31627 1153 4 of of IN 31627 1153 5 this this DT 31627 1153 6 chain chain NN 31627 1153 7 lay lie VBD 31627 1153 8 the the DT 31627 1153 9 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1153 10 basin basin NN 31627 1153 11 of of IN 31627 1153 12 Mayence Mayence NNP 31627 1153 13 , , , 31627 1153 14 which which WDT 31627 1153 15 was be VBD 31627 1153 16 connected connect VBN 31627 1153 17 at at IN 31627 1153 18 an an DT 31627 1153 19 early early JJ 31627 1153 20 period period NN 31627 1153 21 -- -- : 31627 1153 22 that that DT 31627 1153 23 of of IN 31627 1153 24 the the DT 31627 1153 25 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1153 26 -- -- : 31627 1153 27 with with IN 31627 1153 28 the the DT 31627 1153 29 waters water NNS 31627 1153 30 of of IN 31627 1153 31 the the DT 31627 1153 32 ocean ocean NN 31627 1153 33 , , , 31627 1153 34 as as IN 31627 1153 35 shown show VBN 31627 1153 36 by by IN 31627 1153 37 the the DT 31627 1153 38 fact fact NN 31627 1153 39 that that IN 31627 1153 40 the the DT 31627 1153 41 lower low JJR 31627 1153 42 strata strata NN 31627 1153 43 contain contain VBP 31627 1153 44 marine marine JJ 31627 1153 45 shells shell NNS 31627 1153 46 ; ; : 31627 1153 47 these these DT 31627 1153 48 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 1153 49 gave give VBD 31627 1153 50 place place NN 31627 1153 51 to to IN 31627 1153 52 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1153 53 - - HYPH 31627 1153 54 water water NN 31627 1153 55 conditions condition NNS 31627 1153 56 . . . 31627 1154 1 The the DT 31627 1154 2 basin basin NN 31627 1154 3 of of IN 31627 1154 4 Neuwied Neuwied NNP 31627 1154 5 was be VBD 31627 1154 6 bounded bound VBN 31627 1154 7 towards towards IN 31627 1154 8 the the DT 31627 1154 9 north north NN 31627 1154 10 by by IN 31627 1154 11 a a DT 31627 1154 12 ridge ridge NN 31627 1154 13 of of IN 31627 1154 14 Devonian devonian JJ 31627 1154 15 strata strata NN 31627 1154 16 which which WDT 31627 1154 17 extended extend VBD 31627 1154 18 across across IN 31627 1154 19 the the DT 31627 1154 20 present present JJ 31627 1154 21 gorge gorge NN 31627 1154 22 of of IN 31627 1154 23 the the DT 31627 1154 24 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1154 25 between between IN 31627 1154 26 Andernach Andernach NNP 31627 1154 27 and and CC 31627 1154 28 Linz Linz NNP 31627 1154 29 , , , 31627 1154 30 and and CC 31627 1154 31 to to IN 31627 1154 32 the the DT 31627 1154 33 north north NN 31627 1154 34 of of IN 31627 1154 35 this this DT 31627 1154 36 barrier barrier NN 31627 1154 37 lay lie VBD 31627 1154 38 another another DT 31627 1154 39 more more RBR 31627 1154 40 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1154 41 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1154 42 - - HYPH 31627 1154 43 water water NN 31627 1154 44 basin basin NN 31627 1154 45 , , , 31627 1154 46 that that DT 31627 1154 47 of of IN 31627 1154 48 Cologne Cologne NNP 31627 1154 49 . . . 31627 1155 1 From from IN 31627 1155 2 this this DT 31627 1155 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1155 4 will will MD 31627 1155 5 be be VB 31627 1155 6 seen see VBN 31627 1155 7 that that IN 31627 1155 8 the the DT 31627 1155 9 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1155 10 , , , 31627 1155 11 as as IN 31627 1155 12 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1155 13 now now RB 31627 1155 14 find find VBP 31627 1155 15 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1155 16 , , , 31627 1155 17 had have VBD 31627 1155 18 then then RB 31627 1155 19 only only RB 31627 1155 20 an an DT 31627 1155 21 infantile infantile JJ 31627 1155 22 existence existence NN 31627 1155 23 ; ; : 31627 1155 24 in in IN 31627 1155 25 fact fact NN 31627 1155 26 , , , 31627 1155 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1155 28 waters water NNS 31627 1155 29 to to IN 31627 1155 30 the the DT 31627 1155 31 south south NN 31627 1155 32 of of IN 31627 1155 33 the the DT 31627 1155 34 Hündsruck Hündsruck NNP 31627 1155 35 ridge ridge NN 31627 1155 36 drained drain VBD 31627 1155 37 away away RB 31627 1155 38 towards towards IN 31627 1155 39 the the DT 31627 1155 40 south south NN 31627 1155 41 . . . 31627 1156 1 But but CC 31627 1156 2 towards towards IN 31627 1156 3 the the DT 31627 1156 4 commencement commencement NN 31627 1156 5 of of IN 31627 1156 6 the the DT 31627 1156 7 Pliocene Pliocene NNP 31627 1156 8 period period NN 31627 1156 9 the the DT 31627 1156 10 barriers barrier NNS 31627 1156 11 of of IN 31627 1156 12 the the DT 31627 1156 13 Hündsruck Hündsruck NNP 31627 1156 14 and and CC 31627 1156 15 Taunus Taunus NNP 31627 1156 16 , , , 31627 1156 17 as as IN 31627 1156 18 also also RB 31627 1156 19 that that DT 31627 1156 20 of of IN 31627 1156 21 the the DT 31627 1156 22 Linz Linz NNP 31627 1156 23 , , , 31627 1156 24 were be VBD 31627 1156 25 broken break VBN 31627 1156 26 through through RP 31627 1156 27 , , , 31627 1156 28 and and CC 31627 1156 29 the the DT 31627 1156 30 course course NN 31627 1156 31 of of IN 31627 1156 32 the the DT 31627 1156 33 waters water NNS 31627 1156 34 was be VBD 31627 1156 35 changed change VBN 31627 1156 36 ; ; : 31627 1156 37 and and CC 31627 1156 38 thus thus RB 31627 1156 39 gradually gradually RB 31627 1156 40 , , , 31627 1156 41 as as IN 31627 1156 42 the the DT 31627 1156 43 river river NN 31627 1156 44 deepened deepen VBD 31627 1156 45 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1156 46 bed bed NN 31627 1156 47 , , , 31627 1156 48 the the DT 31627 1156 49 waters water NNS 31627 1156 50 were be VBD 31627 1156 51 drained drain VBN 31627 1156 52 off off RP 31627 1156 53 from from IN 31627 1156 54 the the DT 31627 1156 55 great great JJ 31627 1156 56 lakes lake NNS 31627 1156 57 . . . 31627 1157 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1157 2 2 2 LS 31627 1157 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1157 4 This this DT 31627 1157 5 rupture rupture NN 31627 1157 6 of of IN 31627 1157 7 the the DT 31627 1157 8 barriers barrier NNS 31627 1157 9 may may MD 31627 1157 10 have have VB 31627 1157 11 been be VBN 31627 1157 12 due due JJ 31627 1157 13 , , , 31627 1157 14 in in IN 31627 1157 15 the the DT 31627 1157 16 first first JJ 31627 1157 17 instance instance NN 31627 1157 18 , , , 31627 1157 19 to to IN 31627 1157 20 the the DT 31627 1157 21 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 1157 22 disturbances disturbance NNS 31627 1157 23 accompanying accompany VBG 31627 1157 24 the the DT 31627 1157 25 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1157 26 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1157 27 of of IN 31627 1157 28 the the DT 31627 1157 29 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1157 30 and and CC 31627 1157 31 Siebengebirge Siebengebirge NNP 31627 1157 32 , , , 31627 1157 33 though though IN 31627 1157 34 the the DT 31627 1157 35 erosion erosion NN 31627 1157 36 of of IN 31627 1157 37 the the DT 31627 1157 38 gorges gorge NNS 31627 1157 39 at at IN 31627 1157 40 Bingen Bingen NNP 31627 1157 41 and and CC 31627 1157 42 at at IN 31627 1157 43 Linz Linz NNP 31627 1157 44 to to IN 31627 1157 45 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1157 46 present present JJ 31627 1157 47 depth depth NN 31627 1157 48 and and CC 31627 1157 49 dimensions dimension NNS 31627 1157 50 is be VBZ 31627 1157 51 of of IN 31627 1157 52 course course NN 31627 1157 53 due due IN 31627 1157 54 to to IN 31627 1157 55 prolonged prolong VBN 31627 1157 56 river river NN 31627 1157 57 action action NN 31627 1157 58 . . . 31627 1158 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1158 2 was be VBD 31627 1158 3 about about IN 31627 1158 4 the the DT 31627 1158 5 epoch epoch NN 31627 1158 6 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1158 7 have have VBP 31627 1158 8 now now RB 31627 1158 9 arrived arrive VBN 31627 1158 10 at at IN 31627 1158 11 -- -- : 31627 1158 12 viz viz NNP 31627 1158 13 . . NNP 31627 1158 14 , , , 31627 1158 15 the the DT 31627 1158 16 close close NN 31627 1158 17 of of IN 31627 1158 18 the the DT 31627 1158 19 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1158 20 -- -- : 31627 1158 21 that that IN 31627 1158 22 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1158 23 action action NN 31627 1158 24 burst burst VBD 31627 1158 25 forth forth RB 31627 1158 26 in in IN 31627 1158 27 the the DT 31627 1158 28 region region NN 31627 1158 29 of of IN 31627 1158 30 the the DT 31627 1158 31 Lower Lower NNP 31627 1158 32 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1158 33 . . . 31627 1159 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1159 2 is be VBZ 31627 1159 3 probable probable JJ 31627 1159 4 that that IN 31627 1159 5 this this DT 31627 1159 6 action action NN 31627 1159 7 commenced commence VBD 31627 1159 8 in in IN 31627 1159 9 the the DT 31627 1159 10 district district NN 31627 1159 11 of of IN 31627 1159 12 the the DT 31627 1159 13 Siebengebirge Siebengebirge NNP 31627 1159 14 , , , 31627 1159 15 and and CC 31627 1159 16 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 1159 17 extended extend VBN 31627 1159 18 into into IN 31627 1159 19 that that DT 31627 1159 20 of of IN 31627 1159 21 the the DT 31627 1159 22 Moselle Moselle NNP 31627 1159 23 and and CC 31627 1159 24 the the DT 31627 1159 25 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1159 26 , , , 31627 1159 27 the the DT 31627 1159 28 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1159 29 of of IN 31627 1159 30 which which WDT 31627 1159 31 bear bear VBP 31627 1159 32 evidence evidence NN 31627 1159 33 of of IN 31627 1159 34 recent recent JJ 31627 1159 35 date date NN 31627 1159 36 . . . 31627 1160 1 Layers layer NNS 31627 1160 2 of of IN 31627 1160 3 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1160 4 tuff tuff NNS 31627 1160 5 are be VBP 31627 1160 6 interstratified interstratify VBN 31627 1160 7 with with IN 31627 1160 8 the the DT 31627 1160 9 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1160 10 of of IN 31627 1160 11 sand sand NN 31627 1160 12 , , , 31627 1160 13 clay clay NN 31627 1160 14 , , , 31627 1160 15 and and CC 31627 1160 16 lignite lignite NN 31627 1160 17 of of IN 31627 1160 18 the the DT 31627 1160 19 formation formation NN 31627 1160 20 known know VBN 31627 1160 21 as as IN 31627 1160 22 that that DT 31627 1160 23 of of IN 31627 1160 24 the the DT 31627 1160 25 Brown Brown NNP 31627 1160 26 Coal Coal NNP 31627 1160 27 -- -- : 31627 1160 28 of of IN 31627 1160 29 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1160 30 age age NN 31627 1160 31 -- -- : 31627 1160 32 which which WDT 31627 1160 33 underlies underlie VBZ 31627 1160 34 nearly nearly RB 31627 1160 35 the the DT 31627 1160 36 whole whole NN 31627 1160 37 of of IN 31627 1160 38 the the DT 31627 1160 39 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1160 40 district district NN 31627 1160 41 on on IN 31627 1160 42 both both DT 31627 1160 43 sides side NNS 31627 1160 44 of of IN 31627 1160 45 the the DT 31627 1160 46 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1160 47 near near IN 31627 1160 48 Bonn,[3 Bonn,[3 NNS 31627 1160 49 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1160 50 thus thus RB 31627 1160 51 showing show VBG 31627 1160 52 that that DT 31627 1160 53 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1160 54 action action NN 31627 1160 55 had have VBD 31627 1160 56 already already RB 31627 1160 57 commenced commence VBN 31627 1160 58 in in IN 31627 1160 59 that that DT 31627 1160 60 part part NN 31627 1160 61 to to IN 31627 1160 62 some some DT 31627 1160 63 extent extent NN 31627 1160 64 ; ; : 31627 1160 65 but but CC 31627 1160 66 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1160 67 does do VBZ 31627 1160 68 not not RB 31627 1160 69 appear appear VB 31627 1160 70 from from IN 31627 1160 71 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1160 72 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 1160 73 's 's POS 31627 1160 74 statement statement NN 31627 1160 75 that that IN 31627 1160 76 any any DT 31627 1160 77 such such JJ 31627 1160 78 fragments fragment NNS 31627 1160 79 of of IN 31627 1160 80 eruptive eruptive JJ 31627 1160 81 rock rock NN 31627 1160 82 are be VBP 31627 1160 83 to to TO 31627 1160 84 be be VB 31627 1160 85 found find VBN 31627 1160 86 in in IN 31627 1160 87 the the DT 31627 1160 88 strata strata NN 31627 1160 89 which which WDT 31627 1160 90 were be VBD 31627 1160 91 deposited deposit VBN 31627 1160 92 over over IN 31627 1160 93 the the DT 31627 1160 94 floor floor NN 31627 1160 95 of of IN 31627 1160 96 the the DT 31627 1160 97 Neuwied neuwied JJ 31627 1160 98 basin basin NN 31627 1160 99 . . . 31627 1161 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1161 2 4 4 CD 31627 1161 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1161 4 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1161 5 will will MD 31627 1161 6 be be VB 31627 1161 7 recollected recollect VBN 31627 1161 8 that that IN 31627 1161 9 the the DT 31627 1161 10 epoch epoch NN 31627 1161 11 assigned assign VBN 31627 1161 12 for for IN 31627 1161 13 the the DT 31627 1161 14 earliest early JJS 31627 1161 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1161 16 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1161 17 of of IN 31627 1161 18 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 1161 19 was be VBD 31627 1161 20 that that IN 31627 1161 21 here here RB 31627 1161 22 inferred infer VBD 31627 1161 23 for for IN 31627 1161 24 those those DT 31627 1161 25 of of IN 31627 1161 26 the the DT 31627 1161 27 Lower Lower NNP 31627 1161 28 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1161 29 -- -- : 31627 1161 30 viz viz NN 31627 1161 31 . . . 31627 1161 32 , , , 31627 1161 33 the the DT 31627 1161 34 close close NN 31627 1161 35 of of IN 31627 1161 36 the the DT 31627 1161 37 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1161 38 stage stage NN 31627 1161 39 -- -- : 31627 1161 40 and and CC 31627 1161 41 from from IN 31627 1161 42 evidence evidence NN 31627 1161 43 subsequently subsequently RB 31627 1161 44 to to TO 31627 1161 45 be be VB 31627 1161 46 adduced adduce VBN 31627 1161 47 from from IN 31627 1161 48 other other JJ 31627 1161 49 European european JJ 31627 1161 50 districts district NNS 31627 1161 51 , , , 31627 1161 52 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1161 53 will will MD 31627 1161 54 be be VB 31627 1161 55 found find VBN 31627 1161 56 that that IN 31627 1161 57 there there EX 31627 1161 58 was be VBD 31627 1161 59 a a DT 31627 1161 60 very very RB 31627 1161 61 widely widely RB 31627 1161 62 spread spread VBN 31627 1161 63 outburst outburst RB 31627 1161 64 of of IN 31627 1161 65 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1161 66 action action NN 31627 1161 67 at at IN 31627 1161 68 this this DT 31627 1161 69 epoch epoch NN 31627 1161 70 . . . 31627 1162 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1162 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1162 3 c. c. NNP 31627 1162 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1162 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1162 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1162 7 The the DT 31627 1162 8 Range Range NNP 31627 1162 9 of of IN 31627 1162 10 the the DT 31627 1162 11 Siebengebirge._--This siebengebirge._--this CD 31627 1162 12 range range NN 31627 1162 13 of of IN 31627 1162 14 hills hill NNS 31627 1162 15 -- -- : 31627 1162 16 formed form VBN 31627 1162 17 of of IN 31627 1162 18 the the DT 31627 1162 19 older old JJR 31627 1162 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1162 21 rocks rock NNS 31627 1162 22 of of IN 31627 1162 23 the the DT 31627 1162 24 Lower Lower NNP 31627 1162 25 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1162 26 -- -- : 31627 1162 27 rises rise VBZ 31627 1162 28 along along IN 31627 1162 29 the the DT 31627 1162 30 right right JJ 31627 1162 31 bank bank NN 31627 1162 32 of of IN 31627 1162 33 this this DT 31627 1162 34 noble noble JJ 31627 1162 35 river river NN 31627 1162 36 opposite opposite IN 31627 1162 37 Bonn Bonn NNP 31627 1162 38 , , , 31627 1162 39 where where WRB 31627 1162 40 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1162 41 leaves leave VBZ 31627 1162 42 the the DT 31627 1162 43 narrow narrow JJ 31627 1162 44 gorge gorge NN 31627 1162 45 which which WDT 31627 1162 46 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1162 47 traverses traverse VBZ 31627 1162 48 all all PDT 31627 1162 49 the the DT 31627 1162 50 way way NN 31627 1162 51 from from IN 31627 1162 52 Bingen Bingen NNP 31627 1162 53 , , , 31627 1162 54 and and CC 31627 1162 55 opens open VBZ 31627 1162 56 out out RP 31627 1162 57 on on IN 31627 1162 58 the the DT 31627 1162 59 broad broad JJ 31627 1162 60 plain plain NN 31627 1162 61 of of IN 31627 1162 62 Northern Northern NNP 31627 1162 63 Germany Germany NNP 31627 1162 64 . . . 31627 1163 1 The the DT 31627 1163 2 range range NN 31627 1163 3 consists consist VBZ 31627 1163 4 of of IN 31627 1163 5 a a DT 31627 1163 6 succession succession NN 31627 1163 7 of of IN 31627 1163 8 conical conical JJ 31627 1163 9 hills hill NNS 31627 1163 10 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1163 11 flat flat JJ 31627 1163 12 - - HYPH 31627 1163 13 topped top VBN 31627 1163 14 -- -- : 31627 1163 15 as as IN 31627 1163 16 in in IN 31627 1163 17 the the DT 31627 1163 18 case case NN 31627 1163 19 of of IN 31627 1163 20 Petersberg Petersberg NNP 31627 1163 21 ; ; : 31627 1163 22 and and CC 31627 1163 23 at at IN 31627 1163 24 the the DT 31627 1163 25 Drachenfels Drachenfels NNPS 31627 1163 26 , , , 31627 1163 27 near near IN 31627 1163 28 the the DT 31627 1163 29 centre centre NN 31627 1163 30 of of IN 31627 1163 31 the the DT 31627 1163 32 range range NN 31627 1163 33 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1163 34 presents present VBZ 31627 1163 35 to to IN 31627 1163 36 the the DT 31627 1163 37 river river NN 31627 1163 38 a a DT 31627 1163 39 bold bold JJ 31627 1163 40 front front NN 31627 1163 41 of of IN 31627 1163 42 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 1163 43 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1163 44 of of IN 31627 1163 45 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1163 46 porphyry porphyry NN 31627 1163 47 . . . 31627 1164 1 The the DT 31627 1164 2 sketch sketch NN 31627 1164 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1164 4 Fig fig NN 31627 1164 5 . . . 31627 1165 1 21 21 LS 31627 1165 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1165 3 here here RB 31627 1165 4 presented present VBN 31627 1165 5 was be VBD 31627 1165 6 taken take VBN 31627 1165 7 by by IN 31627 1165 8 the the DT 31627 1165 9 author author NN 31627 1165 10 in in IN 31627 1165 11 1857 1857 CD 31627 1165 12 from from IN 31627 1165 13 the the DT 31627 1165 14 old old JJ 31627 1165 15 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1165 16 volcano volcano NN 31627 1165 17 of of IN 31627 1165 18 Roderberg Roderberg NNP 31627 1165 19 , , , 31627 1165 20 and and CC 31627 1165 21 will will MD 31627 1165 22 convey convey VB 31627 1165 23 , , , 31627 1165 24 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 1165 25 , , , 31627 1165 26 a a DT 31627 1165 27 better well JJR 31627 1165 28 idea idea NN 31627 1165 29 of of IN 31627 1165 30 the the DT 31627 1165 31 character character NN 31627 1165 32 of of IN 31627 1165 33 this this DT 31627 1165 34 picturesque picturesque NN 31627 1165 35 range range NN 31627 1165 36 than than IN 31627 1165 37 a a DT 31627 1165 38 description description NN 31627 1165 39 . . . 31627 1166 1 The the DT 31627 1166 2 Siebengebirge Siebengebirge NNP 31627 1166 3 , , , 31627 1166 4 although although IN 31627 1166 5 appearing appear VBG 31627 1166 6 as as IN 31627 1166 7 an an DT 31627 1166 8 isolated isolated JJ 31627 1166 9 group group NN 31627 1166 10 of of IN 31627 1166 11 hills hill NNS 31627 1166 12 , , , 31627 1166 13 is be VBZ 31627 1166 14 in in IN 31627 1166 15 reality reality NN 31627 1166 16 an an DT 31627 1166 17 offshoot offshoot NN 31627 1166 18 from from IN 31627 1166 19 the the DT 31627 1166 20 range range NN 31627 1166 21 of of IN 31627 1166 22 the the DT 31627 1166 23 Westerwald Westerwald NNP 31627 1166 24 , , , 31627 1166 25 which which WDT 31627 1166 26 is be VBZ 31627 1166 27 connected connect VBN 31627 1166 28 with with IN 31627 1166 29 another another DT 31627 1166 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1166 31 district district NN 31627 1166 32 of of IN 31627 1166 33 Central Central NNP 31627 1166 34 Germany Germany NNP 31627 1166 35 known know VBN 31627 1166 36 as as IN 31627 1166 37 the the DT 31627 1166 38 Vogelsgebirge Vogelsgebirge NNP 31627 1166 39 . . . 31627 1167 1 The the DT 31627 1167 2 highest high JJS 31627 1167 3 point point NN 31627 1167 4 in in IN 31627 1167 5 the the DT 31627 1167 6 range range NN 31627 1167 7 is be VBZ 31627 1167 8 attained attain VBN 31627 1167 9 in in IN 31627 1167 10 the the DT 31627 1167 11 Lohrberg Lohrberg NNP 31627 1167 12 , , , 31627 1167 13 which which WDT 31627 1167 14 rises rise VBZ 31627 1167 15 1355 1355 CD 31627 1167 16 feet foot NNS 31627 1167 17 above above IN 31627 1167 18 the the DT 31627 1167 19 sea sea NN 31627 1167 20 ; ; : 31627 1167 21 the the DT 31627 1167 22 next next JJ 31627 1167 23 , , , 31627 1167 24 the the DT 31627 1167 25 Great Great NNP 31627 1167 26 Tränkeberg Tränkeberg NNP 31627 1167 27 , , , 31627 1167 28 1330 1330 CD 31627 1167 29 feet foot NNS 31627 1167 30 ; ; : 31627 1167 31 and and CC 31627 1167 32 the the DT 31627 1167 33 next next JJ 31627 1167 34 , , , 31627 1167 35 Great Great NNP 31627 1167 36 Oelberg Oelberg NNP 31627 1167 37 , , , 31627 1167 38 1296 1296 CD 31627 1167 39 feet foot NNS 31627 1167 40 . . . 31627 1168 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1168 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1168 3 : : : 31627 1168 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1168 5 . . . 31627 1169 1 21.--The 21.--the CD 31627 1169 2 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1169 3 Range Range NNP 31627 1169 4 of of IN 31627 1169 5 the the DT 31627 1169 6 Siebengebirge Siebengebirge NNP 31627 1169 7 , , , 31627 1169 8 seen see VBN 31627 1169 9 from from IN 31627 1169 10 the the DT 31627 1169 11 left left JJ 31627 1169 12 bank bank NN 31627 1169 13 of of IN 31627 1169 14 the the DT 31627 1169 15 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1169 16 , , , 31627 1169 17 above above IN 31627 1169 18 Bonn.--(Original Bonn.--(Original NNP 31627 1169 19 . . . 31627 1169 20 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1169 21 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1170 1 The the DT 31627 1170 2 range range NN 31627 1170 3 consists consist VBZ 31627 1170 4 mainly mainly RB 31627 1170 5 of of IN 31627 1170 6 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1170 7 rocks rock NNS 31627 1170 8 -- -- : 31627 1170 9 namely namely RB 31627 1170 10 , , , 31627 1170 11 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1170 12 - - HYPH 31627 1170 13 conglomerate conglomerate NN 31627 1170 14 , , , 31627 1170 15 and and CC 31627 1170 16 solid solid JJ 31627 1170 17 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1170 18 , , , 31627 1170 19 of of IN 31627 1170 20 which which WDT 31627 1170 21 H. H. NNP 31627 1170 22 von von NNP 31627 1170 23 Dechen Dechen NNP 31627 1170 24 makes make VBZ 31627 1170 25 two two CD 31627 1170 26 varieties variety NNS 31627 1170 27 -- -- : 31627 1170 28 that that DT 31627 1170 29 of of IN 31627 1170 30 the the DT 31627 1170 31 Drachenfels Drachenfels NNPS 31627 1170 32 , , , 31627 1170 33 and and CC 31627 1170 34 that that DT 31627 1170 35 of of IN 31627 1170 36 the the DT 31627 1170 37 Wolkenburg Wolkenburg NNP 31627 1170 38 . . . 31627 1171 1 But but CC 31627 1171 2 associated associate VBN 31627 1171 3 with with IN 31627 1171 4 these these DT 31627 1171 5 highly highly RB 31627 1171 6 - - HYPH 31627 1171 7 silicated silicated JJ 31627 1171 8 varieties variety NNS 31627 1171 9 of of IN 31627 1171 10 lava lava NN 31627 1171 11 -- -- : 31627 1171 12 and and CC 31627 1171 13 generally generally RB 31627 1171 14 , , , 31627 1171 15 if if IN 31627 1171 16 not not RB 31627 1171 17 always always RB 31627 1171 18 , , , 31627 1171 19 of of IN 31627 1171 20 later later JJ 31627 1171 21 date date NN 31627 1171 22 -- -- : 31627 1171 23 are be VBP 31627 1171 24 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1171 25 rocks rock NNS 31627 1171 26 which which WDT 31627 1171 27 cap cap VBP 31627 1171 28 the the DT 31627 1171 29 hills hill NNS 31627 1171 30 of of IN 31627 1171 31 Petersberg Petersberg NNP 31627 1171 32 , , , 31627 1171 33 Nonnenstrom Nonnenstrom NNP 31627 1171 34 , , , 31627 1171 35 Gr Gr NNP 31627 1171 36 . . . 31627 1172 1 and and CC 31627 1172 2 Ll Ll NNP 31627 1172 3 . . . 31627 1173 1 Oelberg Oelberg NNP 31627 1173 2 , , , 31627 1173 3 Gr Gr NNP 31627 1173 4 . . . 31627 1174 1 Weilberg Weilberg NNP 31627 1174 2 , , , 31627 1174 3 and and CC 31627 1174 4 Ober Ober NNP 31627 1174 5 Dollendorfer Dollendorfer NNP 31627 1174 6 Hardt Hardt NNP 31627 1174 7 . . . 31627 1175 1 The the DT 31627 1175 2 question question NN 31627 1175 3 whether whether IN 31627 1175 4 there there EX 31627 1175 5 is be VBZ 31627 1175 6 a a DT 31627 1175 7 transition transition NN 31627 1175 8 from from IN 31627 1175 9 the the DT 31627 1175 10 one one CD 31627 1175 11 variety variety NN 31627 1175 12 of of IN 31627 1175 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1175 14 rock rock NN 31627 1175 15 into into IN 31627 1175 16 the the DT 31627 1175 17 other other JJ 31627 1175 18 , , , 31627 1175 19 or or CC 31627 1175 20 whether whether IN 31627 1175 21 each each DT 31627 1175 22 belongs belong VBZ 31627 1175 23 to to IN 31627 1175 24 a a DT 31627 1175 25 distinct distinct JJ 31627 1175 26 and and CC 31627 1175 27 separate separate JJ 31627 1175 28 epoch epoch NN 31627 1175 29 of of IN 31627 1175 30 eruption eruption NN 31627 1175 31 , , , 31627 1175 32 does do VBZ 31627 1175 33 not not RB 31627 1175 34 seem seem VB 31627 1175 35 to to TO 31627 1175 36 be be VB 31627 1175 37 very very RB 31627 1175 38 clearly clearly RB 31627 1175 39 determined determined JJ 31627 1175 40 . . . 31627 1176 1 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1176 2 Leonard Leonard NNP 31627 1176 3 Horner Horner NNP 31627 1176 4 states state VBZ 31627 1176 5 that that IN 31627 1176 6 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1176 7 would would MD 31627 1176 8 be be VB 31627 1176 9 easy easy JJ 31627 1176 10 to to TO 31627 1176 11 form form VB 31627 1176 12 a a DT 31627 1176 13 suite suite NN 31627 1176 14 of of IN 31627 1176 15 specimens specimen NNS 31627 1176 16 showing show VBG 31627 1176 17 a a DT 31627 1176 18 gradation gradation NN 31627 1176 19 from from IN 31627 1176 20 a a DT 31627 1176 21 white white JJ 31627 1176 22 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1176 23 to to IN 31627 1176 24 a a DT 31627 1176 25 black black JJ 31627 1176 26 basalt;[5 basalt;[5 NN 31627 1176 27 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1176 28 but but CC 31627 1176 29 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1176 30 must must MD 31627 1176 31 recollect recollect VB 31627 1176 32 that that IN 31627 1176 33 when when WRB 31627 1176 34 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1176 35 Horner Horner NNP 31627 1176 36 wrote write VBD 31627 1176 37 , , , 31627 1176 38 the the DT 31627 1176 39 microscopic microscopic JJ 31627 1176 40 examination examination NN 31627 1176 41 of of IN 31627 1176 42 rocks rock NNS 31627 1176 43 by by IN 31627 1176 44 means mean NNS 31627 1176 45 of of IN 31627 1176 46 thin thin JJ 31627 1176 47 sections section NNS 31627 1176 48 was be VBD 31627 1176 49 not not RB 31627 1176 50 known know VBN 31627 1176 51 or or CC 31627 1176 52 practised practise VBN 31627 1176 53 , , , 31627 1176 54 and and CC 31627 1176 55 an an DT 31627 1176 56 examination examination NN 31627 1176 57 by by IN 31627 1176 58 this this DT 31627 1176 59 process process NN 31627 1176 60 might may MD 31627 1176 61 have have VB 31627 1176 62 proved prove VBN 31627 1176 63 that that IN 31627 1176 64 this this DT 31627 1176 65 apparent apparent JJ 31627 1176 66 transition transition NN 31627 1176 67 is be VBZ 31627 1176 68 unreal unreal JJ 31627 1176 69 . . . 31627 1177 1 According accord VBG 31627 1177 2 to to IN 31627 1177 3 H. H. NNP 31627 1177 4 von von NNP 31627 1177 5 Dechen Dechen NNP 31627 1177 6 , , , 31627 1177 7 there there EX 31627 1177 8 are be VBP 31627 1177 9 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1177 10 of of IN 31627 1177 11 basalt basalt NN 31627 1177 12 older old JJR 31627 1177 13 than than IN 31627 1177 14 the the DT 31627 1177 15 greater great JJR 31627 1177 16 mass mass NN 31627 1177 17 of of IN 31627 1177 18 the the DT 31627 1177 19 brown brown JJ 31627 1177 20 coal coal NN 31627 1177 21 formation formation NN 31627 1177 22 , , , 31627 1177 23 and and CC 31627 1177 24 others other NNS 31627 1177 25 newer new JJR 31627 1177 26 than than IN 31627 1177 27 the the DT 31627 1177 28 trachyte;[6 trachyte;[6 NN 31627 1177 29 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1177 30 while while IN 31627 1177 31 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1177 32 of of IN 31627 1177 33 basalt basalt NN 31627 1177 34 traversing traverse VBG 31627 1177 35 the the DT 31627 1177 36 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1177 37 lavas lavas NN 31627 1177 38 are be VBP 31627 1177 39 not not RB 31627 1177 40 uncommon uncommon JJ 31627 1177 41 . . . 31627 1178 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1178 2 7 7 LS 31627 1178 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1178 4 The the DT 31627 1178 5 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1178 6 - - HYPH 31627 1178 7 conglomerate conglomerate NN 31627 1178 8 -- -- : 31627 1178 9 which which WDT 31627 1178 10 seems seem VBZ 31627 1178 11 to to TO 31627 1178 12 be be VB 31627 1178 13 associated associate VBN 31627 1178 14 with with IN 31627 1178 15 the the DT 31627 1178 16 upper upper JJ 31627 1178 17 beds bed NNS 31627 1178 18 of of IN 31627 1178 19 the the DT 31627 1178 20 brown brown JJ 31627 1178 21 coal coal NN 31627 1178 22 strata strata NN 31627 1178 23 -- -- : 31627 1178 24 is be VBZ 31627 1178 25 traversed traverse VBN 31627 1178 26 by by IN 31627 1178 27 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1178 28 of of IN 31627 1178 29 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1178 30 of of IN 31627 1178 31 later later JJ 31627 1178 32 date date NN 31627 1178 33 ; ; , 31627 1178 34 and and CC 31627 1178 35 though though IN 31627 1178 36 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1178 37 is be VBZ 31627 1178 38 difficult difficult JJ 31627 1178 39 to to TO 31627 1178 40 trace trace VB 31627 1178 41 the the DT 31627 1178 42 line line NN 31627 1178 43 between between IN 31627 1178 44 the the DT 31627 1178 45 two two CD 31627 1178 46 varieties variety NNS 31627 1178 47 of of IN 31627 1178 48 this this DT 31627 1178 49 rock rock NN 31627 1178 50 on on IN 31627 1178 51 the the DT 31627 1178 52 ground ground NN 31627 1178 53 , , , 31627 1178 54 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1178 55 von von NNP 31627 1178 56 Rath Rath NNP 31627 1178 57 has have VBZ 31627 1178 58 recognised recognise VBN 31627 1178 59 the the DT 31627 1178 60 general general JJ 31627 1178 61 distinction distinction NN 31627 1178 62 between between IN 31627 1178 63 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1178 64 , , , 31627 1178 65 which which WDT 31627 1178 66 consists consist VBZ 31627 1178 67 in in IN 31627 1178 68 the the DT 31627 1178 69 greater great JJR 31627 1178 70 abundance abundance NN 31627 1178 71 of of IN 31627 1178 72 hornblende hornblende NNP 31627 1178 73 and and CC 31627 1178 74 mica mica NNP 31627 1178 75 in in IN 31627 1178 76 the the DT 31627 1178 77 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1178 78 of of IN 31627 1178 79 the the DT 31627 1178 80 Wolkenburg Wolkenburg NNP 31627 1178 81 than than IN 31627 1178 82 in in IN 31627 1178 83 that that DT 31627 1178 84 of of IN 31627 1178 85 the the DT 31627 1178 86 Drachenfels Drachenfels NNPS 31627 1178 87 . . . 31627 1179 1 The the DT 31627 1179 2 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1179 3 of of IN 31627 1179 4 the the DT 31627 1179 5 Drachenfels Drachenfels NNPS 31627 1179 6 was be VBD 31627 1179 7 probably probably RB 31627 1179 8 the the DT 31627 1179 9 neck neck NN 31627 1179 10 of of IN 31627 1179 11 a a DT 31627 1179 12 volcano volcano NN 31627 1179 13 which which WDT 31627 1179 14 burst burst VBD 31627 1179 15 through through IN 31627 1179 16 the the DT 31627 1179 17 fundamental fundamental JJ 31627 1179 18 schists schist NNS 31627 1179 19 of of IN 31627 1179 20 the the DT 31627 1179 21 Devonian devonian JJ 31627 1179 22 period period NN 31627 1179 23 . . . 31627 1180 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1180 2 is be VBZ 31627 1180 3 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1180 4 for for IN 31627 1180 5 the the DT 31627 1180 6 large large JJ 31627 1180 7 crystals crystal NNS 31627 1180 8 of of IN 31627 1180 9 sanidine sanidine JJ 31627 1180 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1180 11 glassy glassy NNP 31627 1180 12 felspar felspar NNS 31627 1180 13 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1180 14 which which WDT 31627 1180 15 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1180 16 contains contain VBZ 31627 1180 17 , , , 31627 1180 18 and and CC 31627 1180 19 has have VBZ 31627 1180 20 a a DT 31627 1180 21 rude rude JJ 31627 1180 22 columnar columnar JJ 31627 1180 23 structure structure NN 31627 1180 24 . . . 31627 1181 1 The the DT 31627 1181 2 absence absence NN 31627 1181 3 of of IN 31627 1181 4 any any DT 31627 1181 5 clearly clearly RB 31627 1181 6 - - HYPH 31627 1181 7 defined define VBN 31627 1181 8 craters crater NNS 31627 1181 9 of of IN 31627 1181 10 eruption eruption NN 31627 1181 11 , , , 31627 1181 12 such such JJ 31627 1181 13 as as IN 31627 1181 14 are be VBP 31627 1181 15 to to TO 31627 1181 16 be be VB 31627 1181 17 found find VBN 31627 1181 18 in in IN 31627 1181 19 the the DT 31627 1181 20 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1181 21 district district NN 31627 1181 22 and and CC 31627 1181 23 on on IN 31627 1181 24 the the DT 31627 1181 25 left left JJ 31627 1181 26 bank bank NN 31627 1181 27 of of IN 31627 1181 28 the the DT 31627 1181 29 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1181 30 -- -- : 31627 1181 31 as as IN 31627 1181 32 , , , 31627 1181 33 for for IN 31627 1181 34 example example NN 31627 1181 35 , , , 31627 1181 36 in in IN 31627 1181 37 the the DT 31627 1181 38 case case NN 31627 1181 39 of of IN 31627 1181 40 the the DT 31627 1181 41 Roderberg Roderberg NNP 31627 1181 42 -- -- : 31627 1181 43 may may MD 31627 1181 44 be be VB 31627 1181 45 regarded regard VBN 31627 1181 46 as as IN 31627 1181 47 sufficient sufficient JJ 31627 1181 48 evidence evidence NN 31627 1181 49 that that IN 31627 1181 50 this this DT 31627 1181 51 range range NN 31627 1181 52 is be VBZ 31627 1181 53 of of IN 31627 1181 54 comparatively comparatively RB 31627 1181 55 high high JJ 31627 1181 56 antiquity antiquity NN 31627 1181 57 . . . 31627 1182 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1182 2 seems seem VBZ 31627 1182 3 to to TO 31627 1182 4 bear bear VB 31627 1182 5 the the DT 31627 1182 6 same same JJ 31627 1182 7 relation relation NN 31627 1182 8 to to IN 31627 1182 9 the the DT 31627 1182 10 more more RBR 31627 1182 11 modern modern JJ 31627 1182 12 craters crater NNS 31627 1182 13 of of IN 31627 1182 14 the the DT 31627 1182 15 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1182 16 and and CC 31627 1182 17 Moselle Moselle NNP 31627 1182 18 that that IN 31627 1182 19 the the DT 31627 1182 20 Mont Mont NNP 31627 1182 21 Dore Dore NNP 31627 1182 22 and and CC 31627 1182 23 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 1182 24 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1182 25 do do VBP 31627 1182 26 to to IN 31627 1182 27 those those DT 31627 1182 28 of of IN 31627 1182 29 the the DT 31627 1182 30 Puy Puy NNP 31627 1182 31 de de NNP 31627 1182 32 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 1182 33 . . . 31627 1183 1 In in IN 31627 1183 2 both both DT 31627 1183 3 cases case NNS 31627 1183 4 , , , 31627 1183 5 denudation denudation NN 31627 1183 6 carried carry VBN 31627 1183 7 on on IN 31627 1183 8 throughout throughout IN 31627 1183 9 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 1183 10 the the DT 31627 1183 11 Pliocene Pliocene NNP 31627 1183 12 and and CC 31627 1183 13 Post Post NNP 31627 1183 14 - - JJ 31627 1183 15 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 1183 16 periods period NNS 31627 1183 17 down down IN 31627 1183 18 to to IN 31627 1183 19 the the DT 31627 1183 20 present present JJ 31627 1183 21 day day NN 31627 1183 22 has have VBZ 31627 1183 23 had have VBN 31627 1183 24 the the DT 31627 1183 25 effect effect NN 31627 1183 26 of of IN 31627 1183 27 demolishing demolish VBG 31627 1183 28 the the DT 31627 1183 29 original original JJ 31627 1183 30 craters crater NNS 31627 1183 31 ; ; : 31627 1183 32 so so IN 31627 1183 33 that that IN 31627 1183 34 what what WP 31627 1183 35 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1183 36 now now RB 31627 1183 37 observe observe VBP 31627 1183 38 as as IN 31627 1183 39 forming form VBG 31627 1183 40 these these DT 31627 1183 41 ranges range NNS 31627 1183 42 are be VBP 31627 1183 43 the the DT 31627 1183 44 consolidated consolidated JJ 31627 1183 45 columns column NNS 31627 1183 46 of of IN 31627 1183 47 original original JJ 31627 1183 48 molten molten JJ 31627 1183 49 matter matter NN 31627 1183 50 which which WDT 31627 1183 51 filled fill VBD 31627 1183 52 the the DT 31627 1183 53 throats throat NNS 31627 1183 54 of of IN 31627 1183 55 the the DT 31627 1183 56 old old JJ 31627 1183 57 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1183 58 , , , 31627 1183 59 or or CC 31627 1183 60 the the DT 31627 1183 61 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1183 62 of of IN 31627 1183 63 lava lava NN 31627 1183 64 which which WDT 31627 1183 65 were be VBD 31627 1183 66 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1183 67 from from IN 31627 1183 68 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1183 69 , , , 31627 1183 70 but but CC 31627 1183 71 are be VBP 31627 1183 72 now now RB 31627 1183 73 probably probably RB 31627 1183 74 much much RB 31627 1183 75 reduced reduce VBN 31627 1183 76 in in IN 31627 1183 77 size size NN 31627 1183 78 and and CC 31627 1183 79 extent extent NN 31627 1183 80 . . . 31627 1184 1 Having have VBG 31627 1184 2 thus thus RB 31627 1184 3 given give VBN 31627 1184 4 a a DT 31627 1184 5 description description NN 31627 1184 6 of of IN 31627 1184 7 the the DT 31627 1184 8 older old JJR 31627 1184 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1184 10 range range NN 31627 1184 11 on on IN 31627 1184 12 the the DT 31627 1184 13 right right JJ 31627 1184 14 bank bank NN 31627 1184 15 of of IN 31627 1184 16 the the DT 31627 1184 17 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1184 18 , , , 31627 1184 19 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1184 20 shall shall MD 31627 1184 21 cross cross VB 31627 1184 22 the the DT 31627 1184 23 river river NN 31627 1184 24 in in IN 31627 1184 25 search search NN 31627 1184 26 of of IN 31627 1184 27 some some DT 31627 1184 28 details detail NNS 31627 1184 29 regarding regard VBG 31627 1184 30 the the DT 31627 1184 31 more more RBR 31627 1184 32 recent recent JJ 31627 1184 33 group group NN 31627 1184 34 of of IN 31627 1184 35 Rhenish rhenish JJ 31627 1184 36 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1184 37 , , , 31627 1184 38 commencing commence VBG 31627 1184 39 with with IN 31627 1184 40 that that DT 31627 1184 41 of of IN 31627 1184 42 the the DT 31627 1184 43 Roderberg Roderberg NNP 31627 1184 44 , , , 31627 1184 45 a a DT 31627 1184 46 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1184 47 hill hill NN 31627 1184 48 a a DT 31627 1184 49 few few JJ 31627 1184 50 miles mile NNS 31627 1184 51 south south RB 31627 1184 52 of of IN 31627 1184 53 Bonn Bonn NNP 31627 1184 54 , , , 31627 1184 55 from from IN 31627 1184 56 which which WDT 31627 1184 57 the the DT 31627 1184 58 view view NN 31627 1184 59 of of IN 31627 1184 60 the the DT 31627 1184 61 Seven Seven NNP 31627 1184 62 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 1184 63 was be VBD 31627 1184 64 taken take VBN 31627 1184 65 . . . 31627 1185 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1185 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1185 3 : : : 31627 1185 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1185 5 . . . 31627 1186 1 22.--Section 22.--section CD 31627 1186 2 of of IN 31627 1186 3 the the DT 31627 1186 4 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1186 5 crater crater NN 31627 1186 6 of of IN 31627 1186 7 the the DT 31627 1186 8 Roderberg Roderberg NNP 31627 1186 9 on on IN 31627 1186 10 the the DT 31627 1186 11 bank bank NN 31627 1186 12 of of IN 31627 1186 13 the the DT 31627 1186 14 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1186 15 , , , 31627 1186 16 above above IN 31627 1186 17 Bonn.--(Original Bonn.--(Original NNP 31627 1186 18 . . . 31627 1186 19 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1186 20 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1187 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1187 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1187 3 d. d. NNP 31627 1187 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1187 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1187 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1187 7 The the DT 31627 1187 8 Roderberg._--This roderberg._--this CD 31627 1187 9 crater crater NN 31627 1187 10 , , , 31627 1187 11 which which WDT 31627 1187 12 was be VBD 31627 1187 13 visited visit VBN 31627 1187 14 by by IN 31627 1187 15 the the DT 31627 1187 16 author author NN 31627 1187 17 in in IN 31627 1187 18 1857 1857 CD 31627 1187 19 , , , 31627 1187 20 is be VBZ 31627 1187 21 about about RB 31627 1187 22 one one CD 31627 1187 23 - - HYPH 31627 1187 24 fourth fourth NN 31627 1187 25 of of IN 31627 1187 26 a a DT 31627 1187 27 mile mile NN 31627 1187 28 in in IN 31627 1187 29 diameter diameter NN 31627 1187 30 , , , 31627 1187 31 and and CC 31627 1187 32 is be VBZ 31627 1187 33 in in IN 31627 1187 34 the the DT 31627 1187 35 form form NN 31627 1187 36 of of IN 31627 1187 37 a a DT 31627 1187 38 cup cup NN 31627 1187 39 with with IN 31627 1187 40 gentle gentle JJ 31627 1187 41 slopes slope NNS 31627 1187 42 on on IN 31627 1187 43 all all DT 31627 1187 44 sides side NNS 31627 1187 45 . . . 31627 1188 1 In in IN 31627 1188 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1188 3 centre centre NN 31627 1188 4 is be VBZ 31627 1188 5 a a DT 31627 1188 6 farmhouse farmhouse NN 31627 1188 7 surrounded surround VBN 31627 1188 8 by by IN 31627 1188 9 corn corn NN 31627 1188 10 - - HYPH 31627 1188 11 fields field NNS 31627 1188 12 . . . 31627 1189 1 The the DT 31627 1189 2 general general JJ 31627 1189 3 section section NN 31627 1189 4 through through IN 31627 1189 5 the the DT 31627 1189 6 hill hill NN 31627 1189 7 is be VBZ 31627 1189 8 represented represent VBN 31627 1189 9 above above IN 31627 1189 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1189 11 Fig fig NN 31627 1189 12 . . . 31627 1190 1 22 22 CD 31627 1190 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1190 3 . . . 31627 1191 1 The the DT 31627 1191 2 flanks flank NNS 31627 1191 3 on on IN 31627 1191 4 the the DT 31627 1191 5 north north NN 31627 1191 6 side side NN 31627 1191 7 are be VBP 31627 1191 8 composed compose VBN 31627 1191 9 of of IN 31627 1191 10 loose loose JJ 31627 1191 11 quartzose quartzose NNP 31627 1191 12 gravel gravel NN 31627 1191 13 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1191 14 gerolle gerolle NNP 31627 1191 15 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1191 16 , , , 31627 1191 17 a a DT 31627 1191 18 remnant remnant NN 31627 1191 19 of of IN 31627 1191 20 the the DT 31627 1191 21 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1191 22 formed form VBN 31627 1191 23 around around IN 31627 1191 24 the the DT 31627 1191 25 margin margin NN 31627 1191 26 of of IN 31627 1191 27 the the DT 31627 1191 28 " " `` 31627 1191 29 Basin Basin NNP 31627 1191 30 of of IN 31627 1191 31 Neuwied Neuwied NNP 31627 1191 32 " " '' 31627 1191 33 described describe VBN 31627 1191 34 above above IN 31627 1191 35 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1191 36 p. p. NN 31627 1191 37 114 114 CD 31627 1191 38 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1191 39 . . . 31627 1192 1 This this DT 31627 1192 2 gravel gravel NN 31627 1192 3 is be VBZ 31627 1192 4 found find VBN 31627 1192 5 covering cover VBG 31627 1192 6 the the DT 31627 1192 7 terraces terrace NNS 31627 1192 8 of of IN 31627 1192 9 the the DT 31627 1192 10 brown brown JJ 31627 1192 11 coal coal NN 31627 1192 12 formation formation NN 31627 1192 13 several several JJ 31627 1192 14 hundred hundred CD 31627 1192 15 feet foot NNS 31627 1192 16 above above IN 31627 1192 17 the the DT 31627 1192 18 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1192 19 . . . 31627 1193 1 Besides besides IN 31627 1193 2 quartz quartz NN 31627 1193 3 - - HYPH 31627 1193 4 pebbles pebble NNS 31627 1193 5 , , , 31627 1193 6 the the DT 31627 1193 7 deposit deposit NN 31627 1193 8 contains contain VBZ 31627 1193 9 others other NNS 31627 1193 10 of of IN 31627 1193 11 slate slate NN 31627 1193 12 , , , 31627 1193 13 grit grit NN 31627 1193 14 , , , 31627 1193 15 and and CC 31627 1193 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1193 17 rock rock NN 31627 1193 18 . . . 31627 1194 1 On on IN 31627 1194 2 reaching reach VBG 31627 1194 3 the the DT 31627 1194 4 edge edge NN 31627 1194 5 of of IN 31627 1194 6 the the DT 31627 1194 7 crater crater NN 31627 1194 8 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1194 9 find find VBP 31627 1194 10 the the DT 31627 1194 11 gravel gravel NN 31627 1194 12 covered cover VBN 31627 1194 13 over over RP 31627 1194 14 by by IN 31627 1194 15 black black JJ 31627 1194 16 and and CC 31627 1194 17 purple purple JJ 31627 1194 18 scoria scoria NNP 31627 1194 19 or or CC 31627 1194 20 slag slag VB 31627 1194 21 the the DT 31627 1194 22 superposition superposition NN 31627 1194 23 of of IN 31627 1194 24 the the DT 31627 1194 25 scoria scoria NN 31627 1194 26 on on IN 31627 1194 27 the the DT 31627 1194 28 gravel gravel NN 31627 1194 29 being be VBG 31627 1194 30 visible visible JJ 31627 1194 31 in in IN 31627 1194 32 several several JJ 31627 1194 33 places place NNS 31627 1194 34 , , , 31627 1194 35 showing show VBG 31627 1194 36 that that IN 31627 1194 37 the the DT 31627 1194 38 former former JJ 31627 1194 39 is be VBZ 31627 1194 40 of of IN 31627 1194 41 more more RBR 31627 1194 42 recent recent JJ 31627 1194 43 origin origin NN 31627 1194 44 . . . 31627 1195 1 On on IN 31627 1195 2 the the DT 31627 1195 3 opposite opposite JJ 31627 1195 4 side side NN 31627 1195 5 of of IN 31627 1195 6 the the DT 31627 1195 7 crater crater NN 31627 1195 8 , , , 31627 1195 9 overlooking overlook VBG 31627 1195 10 the the DT 31627 1195 11 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1195 12 , , , 31627 1195 13 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1195 14 find find VBP 31627 1195 15 the the DT 31627 1195 16 cliff cliff NN 31627 1195 17 of of IN 31627 1195 18 Rolandsec Rolandsec NNP 31627 1195 19 composed compose VBN 31627 1195 20 of of IN 31627 1195 21 hard hard JJ 31627 1195 22 vesicular vesicular JJ 31627 1195 23 lava lava NN 31627 1195 24 , , , 31627 1195 25 rudely rudely RB 31627 1195 26 prismatic prismatic JJ 31627 1195 27 , , , 31627 1195 28 and and CC 31627 1195 29 extending extend VBG 31627 1195 30 from from IN 31627 1195 31 the the DT 31627 1195 32 summit summit NN 31627 1195 33 of of IN 31627 1195 34 the the DT 31627 1195 35 hill hill NN 31627 1195 36 to to IN 31627 1195 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1195 38 base base NN 31627 1195 39 , , , 31627 1195 40 about about RB 31627 1195 41 250 250 CD 31627 1195 42 feet foot NNS 31627 1195 43 below below RB 31627 1195 44 . . . 31627 1196 1 This this DT 31627 1196 2 is be VBZ 31627 1196 3 the the DT 31627 1196 4 most most RBS 31627 1196 5 northerly northerly JJ 31627 1196 6 of of IN 31627 1196 7 the the DT 31627 1196 8 group group NN 31627 1196 9 of of IN 31627 1196 10 the the DT 31627 1196 11 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1196 12 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1196 13 . . . 31627 1197 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1197 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1197 3 e. e. NNP 31627 1197 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1197 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1197 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1197 7 District District NNP 31627 1197 8 of of IN 31627 1197 9 the the DT 31627 1197 10 Rivers Rivers NNP 31627 1197 11 Brühl Brühl NNP 31627 1197 12 and and CC 31627 1197 13 Nette._--The nette._--the CD 31627 1197 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1197 15 region region NN 31627 1197 16 of of IN 31627 1197 17 the the DT 31627 1197 18 Lower Lower NNP 31627 1197 19 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1197 20 , , , 31627 1197 21 drained drain VBN 31627 1197 22 by by IN 31627 1197 23 these these DT 31627 1197 24 two two CD 31627 1197 25 principal principal JJ 31627 1197 26 streams stream NNS 31627 1197 27 which which WDT 31627 1197 28 flow flow VBP 31627 1197 29 into into IN 31627 1197 30 the the DT 31627 1197 31 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1197 32 , , , 31627 1197 33 will will MD 31627 1197 34 amply amply RB 31627 1197 35 repay repay VB 31627 1197 36 exploration exploration NN 31627 1197 37 by by IN 31627 1197 38 the the DT 31627 1197 39 student student NN 31627 1197 40 of of IN 31627 1197 41 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1197 42 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1197 43 , , , 31627 1197 44 owing owe VBG 31627 1197 45 to to IN 31627 1197 46 the the DT 31627 1197 47 variety variety NN 31627 1197 48 of of IN 31627 1197 49 forms form NNS 31627 1197 50 and and CC 31627 1197 51 conditions condition NNS 31627 1197 52 under under IN 31627 1197 53 which which WDT 31627 1197 54 these these DT 31627 1197 55 present present VBP 31627 1197 56 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 1197 57 within within IN 31627 1197 58 a a DT 31627 1197 59 small small JJ 31627 1197 60 space space NN 31627 1197 61 . . . 31627 1198 1 The the DT 31627 1198 2 fundamental fundamental JJ 31627 1198 3 rock rock NN 31627 1198 4 is be VBZ 31627 1198 5 slate slate NN 31627 1198 6 or or CC 31627 1198 7 grit grit NN 31627 1198 8 of of IN 31627 1198 9 Devonian Devonian NNP 31627 1198 10 age age NN 31627 1198 11 , , , 31627 1198 12 furrowed furrow VBN 31627 1198 13 by by IN 31627 1198 14 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1198 15 valleys valley NNS 31627 1198 16 , , , 31627 1198 17 often often RB 31627 1198 18 richly richly RB 31627 1198 19 wooded woode VBN 31627 1198 20 , , , 31627 1198 21 and and CC 31627 1198 22 diversified diversify VBN 31627 1198 23 by by IN 31627 1198 24 conical conical JJ 31627 1198 25 hills hill NNS 31627 1198 26 of of IN 31627 1198 27 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1198 28 ; ; : 31627 1198 29 or or CC 31627 1198 30 by by IN 31627 1198 31 crater crater NNP 31627 1198 32 - - HYPH 31627 1198 33 cones cone NNS 31627 1198 34 , , , 31627 1198 35 formed form VBN 31627 1198 36 of of IN 31627 1198 37 basalt basalt NN 31627 1198 38 or or CC 31627 1198 39 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1198 40 , , , 31627 1198 41 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1198 42 ruptured rupture VBN 31627 1198 43 on on IN 31627 1198 44 one one CD 31627 1198 45 side side NN 31627 1198 46 , , , 31627 1198 47 and and CC 31627 1198 48 occasionally occasionally RB 31627 1198 49 sending send VBG 31627 1198 50 forth forth RP 31627 1198 51 streams stream NNS 31627 1198 52 of of IN 31627 1198 53 lava lava NN 31627 1198 54 , , , 31627 1198 55 as as IN 31627 1198 56 in in IN 31627 1198 57 the the DT 31627 1198 58 cases case NNS 31627 1198 59 of of IN 31627 1198 60 the the DT 31627 1198 61 Perlinkopf Perlinkopf NNP 31627 1198 62 , , , 31627 1198 63 the the DT 31627 1198 64 Bausenberg Bausenberg NNP 31627 1198 65 , , , 31627 1198 66 and and CC 31627 1198 67 the the DT 31627 1198 68 Engelerkopf Engelerkopf NNP 31627 1198 69 . . . 31627 1199 1 The the DT 31627 1199 2 district district NN 31627 1199 3 attains attain VBZ 31627 1199 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1199 5 greatest great JJS 31627 1199 6 altitude altitude NN 31627 1199 7 in in IN 31627 1199 8 the the DT 31627 1199 9 High High NNP 31627 1199 10 Acht Acht NNP 31627 1199 11 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1199 12 Der Der NNP 31627 1199 13 Hohe Hohe NNP 31627 1199 14 Acht Acht NNP 31627 1199 15 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1199 16 , , , 31627 1199 17 an an DT 31627 1199 18 isolated isolated JJ 31627 1199 19 cone cone NN 31627 1199 20 of of IN 31627 1199 21 slate slate NN 31627 1199 22 capped cap VBN 31627 1199 23 by by IN 31627 1199 24 basalt basalt NN 31627 1199 25 with with IN 31627 1199 26 olivine olivine NN 31627 1199 27 , , , 31627 1199 28 and and CC 31627 1199 29 reaching reach VBG 31627 1199 30 a a DT 31627 1199 31 level level NN 31627 1199 32 of of IN 31627 1199 33 2434 2434 CD 31627 1199 34 Rhenish rhenish JJ 31627 1199 35 feet foot NNS 31627 1199 36 . . . 31627 1200 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1200 2 8 8 CD 31627 1200 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1200 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1200 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1200 6 f. f. NNP 31627 1200 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1200 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1200 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1200 10 The the DT 31627 1200 11 Laacher Laacher NNP 31627 1200 12 See._--It See._--It NNP 31627 1200 13 would would MD 31627 1200 14 be be VB 31627 1200 15 impossible impossible JJ 31627 1200 16 in in IN 31627 1200 17 a a DT 31627 1200 18 work work NN 31627 1200 19 of of IN 31627 1200 20 this this DT 31627 1200 21 kind kind NN 31627 1200 22 to to TO 31627 1200 23 attempt attempt VB 31627 1200 24 a a DT 31627 1200 25 detailed detailed JJ 31627 1200 26 description description NN 31627 1200 27 of of IN 31627 1200 28 the the DT 31627 1200 29 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1200 30 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1200 31 , , , 31627 1200 32 often often RB 31627 1200 33 of of IN 31627 1200 34 a a DT 31627 1200 35 very very RB 31627 1200 36 complex complex JJ 31627 1200 37 character character NN 31627 1200 38 and and CC 31627 1200 39 obscure obscure JJ 31627 1200 40 physical physical JJ 31627 1200 41 history history NN 31627 1200 42 , , , 31627 1200 43 as as IN 31627 1200 44 in in IN 31627 1200 45 the the DT 31627 1200 46 case case NN 31627 1200 47 of of IN 31627 1200 48 the the DT 31627 1200 49 basin basin NN 31627 1200 50 of of IN 31627 1200 51 Rieden Rieden NNP 31627 1200 52 , , , 31627 1200 53 where where WRB 31627 1200 54 tufaceous tufaceous JJ 31627 1200 55 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1200 56 , , , 31627 1200 57 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1200 58 and and CC 31627 1200 59 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1200 60 lavas lavas NN 31627 1200 61 and and CC 31627 1200 62 crater crater NNP 31627 1200 63 - - HYPH 31627 1200 64 cones cone NNS 31627 1200 65 , , , 31627 1200 66 are be VBP 31627 1200 67 confusedly confusedly RB 31627 1200 68 intermingled intermingled JJ 31627 1200 69 , , , 31627 1200 70 so so IN 31627 1200 71 that that IN 31627 1200 72 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1200 73 shall shall MD 31627 1200 74 confine confine VB 31627 1200 75 my -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1200 76 remarks remark NNS 31627 1200 77 to to IN 31627 1200 78 the the DT 31627 1200 79 deservedly deservedly RB 31627 1200 80 famous famous JJ 31627 1200 81 district district NN 31627 1200 82 of of IN 31627 1200 83 the the DT 31627 1200 84 Laacher Laacher NNP 31627 1200 85 See See NNP 31627 1200 86 , , , 31627 1200 87 which which WDT 31627 1200 88 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1200 89 had have VBD 31627 1200 90 an an DT 31627 1200 91 opportunity opportunity NN 31627 1200 92 of of IN 31627 1200 93 personally personally RB 31627 1200 94 visiting visit VBG 31627 1200 95 some some DT 31627 1200 96 years year NNS 31627 1200 97 since since RB 31627 1200 98 . . . 31627 1201 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1201 2 9 9 CD 31627 1201 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1201 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1201 5 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1201 6 : : : 31627 1201 7 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1201 8 . . . 31627 1202 1 23.--Plan 23.--plan LS 31627 1202 2 and and CC 31627 1202 3 Section section NN 31627 1202 4 of of IN 31627 1202 5 the the DT 31627 1202 6 Laacher Laacher NNP 31627 1202 7 See See NNP 31627 1202 8 , , , 31627 1202 9 a a DT 31627 1202 10 lake lake NN 31627 1202 11 on on IN 31627 1202 12 the the DT 31627 1202 13 borders border NNS 31627 1202 14 of of IN 31627 1202 15 the the DT 31627 1202 16 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1202 17 , , , 31627 1202 18 occupying occupy VBG 31627 1202 19 the the DT 31627 1202 20 crater crater NN 31627 1202 21 of of IN 31627 1202 22 an an DT 31627 1202 23 old old JJ 31627 1202 24 volcano.--G. volcano.--g. NN 31627 1203 1 Gravel gravel NN 31627 1203 2 and and CC 31627 1203 3 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1203 4 sand sand NN 31627 1203 5 forming form VBG 31627 1203 6 banks bank NNS 31627 1203 7 of of IN 31627 1203 8 the the DT 31627 1203 9 lake lake NN 31627 1203 10 and and CC 31627 1203 11 rim rim NN 31627 1203 12 of of IN 31627 1203 13 old old JJ 31627 1203 14 crater crater NN 31627 1203 15 ; ; : 31627 1203 16 L. L. NNP 31627 1203 17 Sheet Sheet NNP 31627 1203 18 of of IN 31627 1203 19 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1203 20 lava lava NN 31627 1203 21 with with IN 31627 1203 22 columnar columnar JJ 31627 1203 23 structure structure NN 31627 1203 24 ; ; : 31627 1203 25 B. B. NNP 31627 1203 26 Basaltic Basaltic NNP 31627 1203 27 dyke dyke NN 31627 1203 28 ; ; : 31627 1203 29 S. S. NNP 31627 1203 30 Devonian Devonian NNP 31627 1203 31 slate slate NN 31627 1203 32 , , , 31627 1203 33 etc etc FW 31627 1203 34 . . . 31627 1203 35 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1204 1 The the DT 31627 1204 2 Laacher Laacher NNP 31627 1204 3 See see VBP 31627 1204 4 is be VBZ 31627 1204 5 a a DT 31627 1204 6 lake lake NN 31627 1204 7 of of IN 31627 1204 8 an an DT 31627 1204 9 oval oval JJ 31627 1204 10 form form NN 31627 1204 11 , , , 31627 1204 12 over over IN 31627 1204 13 an an DT 31627 1204 14 English english JJ 31627 1204 15 mile mile NN 31627 1204 16 in in IN 31627 1204 17 the the DT 31627 1204 18 shorter short JJR 31627 1204 19 diameter diameter NN 31627 1204 20 , , , 31627 1204 21 and and CC 31627 1204 22 surrounded surround VBN 31627 1204 23 by by IN 31627 1204 24 high high JJ 31627 1204 25 banks bank NNS 31627 1204 26 of of IN 31627 1204 27 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1204 28 sand sand NN 31627 1204 29 , , , 31627 1204 30 gravel gravel NN 31627 1204 31 , , , 31627 1204 32 and and CC 31627 1204 33 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 1204 34 , , , 31627 1204 35 except except IN 31627 1204 36 on on IN 31627 1204 37 the the DT 31627 1204 38 east east JJ 31627 1204 39 side side NN 31627 1204 40 , , , 31627 1204 41 where where WRB 31627 1204 42 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1204 43 of of IN 31627 1204 44 clay clay NN 31627 1204 45 - - HYPH 31627 1204 46 slate slate NN 31627 1204 47 , , , 31627 1204 48 in in IN 31627 1204 49 a a DT 31627 1204 50 nearly nearly RB 31627 1204 51 vertical vertical JJ 31627 1204 52 position position NN 31627 1204 53 , , , 31627 1204 54 and and CC 31627 1204 55 striking strike VBG 31627 1204 56 nearly nearly RB 31627 1204 57 E.W. E.W. NNP 31627 1204 58 , , , 31627 1204 59 may may MD 31627 1204 60 be be VB 31627 1204 61 observed observe VBN 31627 1204 62 . . . 31627 1205 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1205 2 depth depth NN 31627 1205 3 from from IN 31627 1205 4 the the DT 31627 1205 5 surface surface NN 31627 1205 6 of of IN 31627 1205 7 the the DT 31627 1205 8 water water NN 31627 1205 9 is be VBZ 31627 1205 10 214 214 CD 31627 1205 11 feet foot NNS 31627 1205 12 . . . 31627 1206 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1206 2 10 10 CD 31627 1206 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1206 4 The the DT 31627 1206 5 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1206 6 of of IN 31627 1206 7 the the DT 31627 1206 8 encircling encircle VBG 31627 1206 9 banks bank NNS 31627 1206 10 contain contain VBP 31627 1206 11 blocks block NNS 31627 1206 12 of of IN 31627 1206 13 slate slate NN 31627 1206 14 and and CC 31627 1206 15 lava lava NN 31627 1206 16 which which WDT 31627 1206 17 have have VBP 31627 1206 18 been be VBN 31627 1206 19 torn tear VBN 31627 1206 20 from from IN 31627 1206 21 the the DT 31627 1206 22 sides side NNS 31627 1206 23 of of IN 31627 1206 24 the the DT 31627 1206 25 orifice orifice NN 31627 1206 26 or or CC 31627 1206 27 neck neck NN 31627 1206 28 of of IN 31627 1206 29 the the DT 31627 1206 30 volcano volcano NN 31627 1206 31 and and CC 31627 1206 32 blown blow VBN 31627 1206 33 into into IN 31627 1206 34 the the DT 31627 1206 35 air air NN 31627 1206 36 ; ; : 31627 1206 37 and and CC 31627 1206 38 there there EX 31627 1206 39 can can MD 31627 1206 40 be be VB 31627 1206 41 no no DT 31627 1206 42 doubt doubt NN 31627 1206 43 that that IN 31627 1206 44 the the DT 31627 1206 45 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1206 46 and and CC 31627 1206 47 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1206 48 gravel gravel NN 31627 1206 49 is be VBZ 31627 1206 50 the the DT 31627 1206 51 result result NN 31627 1206 52 of of IN 31627 1206 53 very very RB 31627 1206 54 recent recent JJ 31627 1206 55 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1206 56 . . . 31627 1207 1 At at IN 31627 1207 2 the the DT 31627 1207 3 east east JJ 31627 1207 4 side side NN 31627 1207 5 of of IN 31627 1207 6 the the DT 31627 1207 7 lake lake NN 31627 1207 8 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1207 9 find find VBP 31627 1207 10 a a DT 31627 1207 11 stream stream NN 31627 1207 12 of of IN 31627 1207 13 scoriaceous scoriaceous JJ 31627 1207 14 lava lava NN 31627 1207 15 of of IN 31627 1207 16 a a DT 31627 1207 17 purple purple JJ 31627 1207 18 or or CC 31627 1207 19 reddish reddish JJ 31627 1207 20 colour colour NN 31627 1207 21 , , , 31627 1207 22 highly highly RB 31627 1207 23 vesicular vesicular JJ 31627 1207 24 , , , 31627 1207 25 and and CC 31627 1207 26 containing contain VBG 31627 1207 27 crystals crystal NNS 31627 1207 28 of of IN 31627 1207 29 mica mica NNP 31627 1207 30 ; ; : 31627 1207 31 but but CC 31627 1207 32 the the DT 31627 1207 33 most most RBS 31627 1207 34 important important JJ 31627 1207 35 lava lava NN 31627 1207 36 - - HYPH 31627 1207 37 stream stream NN 31627 1207 38 is be VBZ 31627 1207 39 that that DT 31627 1207 40 which which WDT 31627 1207 41 has have VBZ 31627 1207 42 taken take VBN 31627 1207 43 a a DT 31627 1207 44 southerly southerly RB 31627 1207 45 direction direction NN 31627 1207 46 from from IN 31627 1207 47 the the DT 31627 1207 48 crater crater NN 31627 1207 49 of of IN 31627 1207 50 the the DT 31627 1207 51 Laacher Laacher NNP 31627 1207 52 See see VBP 31627 1207 53 towards towards IN 31627 1207 54 Nieder Nieder NNP 31627 1207 55 Mendig Mendig NNP 31627 1207 56 and and CC 31627 1207 57 Mayen Mayen NNP 31627 1207 58 , , , 31627 1207 59 for for IN 31627 1207 60 a a DT 31627 1207 61 distance distance NN 31627 1207 62 of of IN 31627 1207 63 about about RB 31627 1207 64 six six CD 31627 1207 65 miles mile NNS 31627 1207 66 . . . 31627 1208 1 This this DT 31627 1208 2 great great JJ 31627 1208 3 stream stream NN 31627 1208 4 is be VBZ 31627 1208 5 covered cover VBN 31627 1208 6 throughout throughout IN 31627 1208 7 half half PDT 31627 1208 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1208 9 distance distance NN 31627 1208 10 by by IN 31627 1208 11 beds bed NNS 31627 1208 12 of of IN 31627 1208 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1208 14 ash ash NN 31627 1208 15 and and CC 31627 1208 16 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 1208 17 , , , 31627 1208 18 but but CC 31627 1208 19 emerges emerge VBZ 31627 1208 20 into into IN 31627 1208 21 the the DT 31627 1208 22 air air NN 31627 1208 23 at at IN 31627 1208 24 a a DT 31627 1208 25 distance distance NN 31627 1208 26 of of IN 31627 1208 27 about about RB 31627 1208 28 two two CD 31627 1208 29 miles mile NNS 31627 1208 30 from from IN 31627 1208 31 the the DT 31627 1208 32 edge edge NN 31627 1208 33 of of IN 31627 1208 34 the the DT 31627 1208 35 crater crater NN 31627 1208 36 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1208 37 see see VB 31627 1208 38 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1208 39 . . . 31627 1209 1 23 23 CD 31627 1209 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1209 3 , , , 31627 1209 4 and and CC 31627 1209 5 was be VBD 31627 1209 6 formerly formerly RB 31627 1209 7 extensively extensively RB 31627 1209 8 quarried quarry VBN 31627 1209 9 in in IN 31627 1209 10 underground underground JJ 31627 1209 11 caverns cavern NNS 31627 1209 12 for for IN 31627 1209 13 millstones millstone NNS 31627 1209 14 . . . 31627 1210 1 Here here RB 31627 1210 2 the the DT 31627 1210 3 rock rock NN 31627 1210 4 is be VBZ 31627 1210 5 a a DT 31627 1210 6 vesicular vesicular JJ 31627 1210 7 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1210 8 , , , 31627 1210 9 of of IN 31627 1210 10 a a DT 31627 1210 11 greyish greyish NN 31627 1210 12 colour colour NN 31627 1210 13 , , , 31627 1210 14 solidified solidify VBN 31627 1210 15 in in IN 31627 1210 16 vertical vertical JJ 31627 1210 17 columns column NNS 31627 1210 18 of of IN 31627 1210 19 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 31627 1210 20 form form NN 31627 1210 21 , , , 31627 1210 22 about about RB 31627 1210 23 four four CD 31627 1210 24 feet foot NNS 31627 1210 25 in in IN 31627 1210 26 diameter diameter NN 31627 1210 27 , , , 31627 1210 28 and and CC 31627 1210 29 traversed traverse VBN 31627 1210 30 by by IN 31627 1210 31 transverse transverse JJ 31627 1210 32 joint joint JJ 31627 1210 33 planes plane NNS 31627 1210 34 . . . 31627 1211 1 These these DT 31627 1211 2 quarries quarry NNS 31627 1211 3 have have VBP 31627 1211 4 been be VBN 31627 1211 5 worked work VBN 31627 1211 6 from from IN 31627 1211 7 the the DT 31627 1211 8 time time NN 31627 1211 9 of of IN 31627 1211 10 the the DT 31627 1211 11 Roman roman JJ 31627 1211 12 occupation occupation NN 31627 1211 13 of of IN 31627 1211 14 the the DT 31627 1211 15 country country NN 31627 1211 16 ; ; : 31627 1211 17 and and CC 31627 1211 18 , , , 31627 1211 19 before before IN 31627 1211 20 the the DT 31627 1211 21 introduction introduction NN 31627 1211 22 of of IN 31627 1211 23 iron iron NN 31627 1211 24 or or CC 31627 1211 25 steel steel NN 31627 1211 26 rollers roller NNS 31627 1211 27 for for IN 31627 1211 28 grinding grind VBG 31627 1211 29 corn corn NN 31627 1211 30 , , , 31627 1211 31 millstones millstone NNS 31627 1211 32 were be VBD 31627 1211 33 exported export VBN 31627 1211 34 to to IN 31627 1211 35 all all DT 31627 1211 36 parts part NNS 31627 1211 37 of of IN 31627 1211 38 Europe Europe NNP 31627 1211 39 and and CC 31627 1211 40 the the DT 31627 1211 41 British British NNP 31627 1211 42 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1211 43 from from IN 31627 1211 44 this this DT 31627 1211 45 quarry quarry NN 31627 1211 46 . . . 31627 1212 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1212 2 11 11 CD 31627 1212 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1212 4 The the DT 31627 1212 5 district district NN 31627 1212 6 around around IN 31627 1212 7 the the DT 31627 1212 8 Laacher Laacher NNP 31627 1212 9 See See NNP 31627 1212 10 is be VBZ 31627 1212 11 covered cover VBN 31627 1212 12 by by IN 31627 1212 13 laminated laminate VBN 31627 1212 14 _ _ NNP 31627 1212 15 ejecta ejecta NNP 31627 1212 16 _ _ NNP 31627 1212 17 of of IN 31627 1212 18 the the DT 31627 1212 19 old old JJ 31627 1212 20 volcano volcano NN 31627 1212 21 , , , 31627 1212 22 probably probably RB 31627 1212 23 of of IN 31627 1212 24 subaërial subaërial JJ 31627 1212 25 origin origin NN 31627 1212 26 , , , 31627 1212 27 through through IN 31627 1212 28 which which WDT 31627 1212 29 bosses boss NNS 31627 1212 30 of of IN 31627 1212 31 the the DT 31627 1212 32 fundamental fundamental JJ 31627 1212 33 slate slate NN 31627 1212 34 peer peer VBP 31627 1212 35 up up RP 31627 1212 36 at at IN 31627 1212 37 intervals interval NNS 31627 1212 38 , , , 31627 1212 39 while while IN 31627 1212 40 the the DT 31627 1212 41 surface surface NN 31627 1212 42 is be VBZ 31627 1212 43 diversified diversify VBN 31627 1212 44 by by IN 31627 1212 45 several several JJ 31627 1212 46 truncated truncate VBN 31627 1212 47 cones cone NNS 31627 1212 48 . . . 31627 1213 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1213 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1213 3 g. g. NNP 31627 1213 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1213 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1213 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1213 7 Trass Trass NNP 31627 1213 8 of of IN 31627 1213 9 the the DT 31627 1213 10 Brühl Brühl NNP 31627 1213 11 Valley._--The Valley._--The NNP 31627 1213 12 Brühl Brühl NNP 31627 1213 13 Valley Valley NNP 31627 1213 14 , , , 31627 1213 15 which which WDT 31627 1213 16 unites unite VBZ 31627 1213 17 with with IN 31627 1213 18 that that DT 31627 1213 19 of of IN 31627 1213 20 the the DT 31627 1213 21 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1213 22 at at IN 31627 1213 23 the the DT 31627 1213 24 town town NN 31627 1213 25 of of IN 31627 1213 26 that that DT 31627 1213 27 name name NN 31627 1213 28 , , , 31627 1213 29 and and CC 31627 1213 30 drains drain VBZ 31627 1213 31 the the DT 31627 1213 32 northern northern JJ 31627 1213 33 side side NN 31627 1213 34 of of IN 31627 1213 35 the the DT 31627 1213 36 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1213 37 region region NN 31627 1213 38 , , , 31627 1213 39 has have VBZ 31627 1213 40 always always RB 31627 1213 41 been be VBN 31627 1213 42 regarded regard VBN 31627 1213 43 with with IN 31627 1213 44 much much JJ 31627 1213 45 interest interest NN 31627 1213 46 by by IN 31627 1213 47 travellers traveller NNS 31627 1213 48 for for IN 31627 1213 49 the the DT 31627 1213 50 presence presence NN 31627 1213 51 of of IN 31627 1213 52 a a DT 31627 1213 53 deposit deposit NN 31627 1213 54 of of IN 31627 1213 55 " " `` 31627 1213 56 trass trass NN 31627 1213 57 " " '' 31627 1213 58 with with IN 31627 1213 59 which which WDT 31627 1213 60 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1213 61 is be VBZ 31627 1213 62 partially partially RB 31627 1213 63 filled fill VBN 31627 1213 64 . . . 31627 1214 1 The the DT 31627 1214 2 origin origin NN 31627 1214 3 of of IN 31627 1214 4 this this DT 31627 1214 5 valley valley NN 31627 1214 6 was be VBD 31627 1214 7 pre pre JJ 31627 1214 8 - - JJ 31627 1214 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1214 10 , , , 31627 1214 11 as as IN 31627 1214 12 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1214 13 is be VBZ 31627 1214 14 hewn hew VBN 31627 1214 15 out out IN 31627 1214 16 of of IN 31627 1214 17 the the DT 31627 1214 18 slaty slaty NN 31627 1214 19 rocks rock NNS 31627 1214 20 of of IN 31627 1214 21 the the DT 31627 1214 22 district district NN 31627 1214 23 . . . 31627 1215 1 But but CC 31627 1215 2 at at IN 31627 1215 3 a a DT 31627 1215 4 later later JJ 31627 1215 5 period period NN 31627 1215 6 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1215 7 became become VBD 31627 1215 8 filled fill VBN 31627 1215 9 with with IN 31627 1215 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1215 11 mud mud NN 31627 1215 12 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1215 13 tuffstein tuffstein NNP 31627 1215 14 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1215 15 , , , 31627 1215 16 out out IN 31627 1215 17 of of IN 31627 1215 18 which which WDT 31627 1215 19 the the DT 31627 1215 20 stream stream NN 31627 1215 21 has have VBZ 31627 1215 22 made make VBN 31627 1215 23 for for IN 31627 1215 24 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1215 25 a a DT 31627 1215 26 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1215 27 channel channel NN 31627 1215 28 . . . 31627 1216 1 The the DT 31627 1216 2 source source NN 31627 1216 3 of of IN 31627 1216 4 this this DT 31627 1216 5 mud mud NN 31627 1216 6 is be VBZ 31627 1216 7 considered consider VBN 31627 1216 8 by by IN 31627 1216 9 Hibbert[12 hibbert[12 CD 31627 1216 10 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1216 11 to to TO 31627 1216 12 have have VB 31627 1216 13 been be VBN 31627 1216 14 the the DT 31627 1216 15 old old JJ 31627 1216 16 volcano volcano NN 31627 1216 17 of of IN 31627 1216 18 the the DT 31627 1216 19 Lummerfeld Lummerfeld NNP 31627 1216 20 , , , 31627 1216 21 which which WDT 31627 1216 22 , , , 31627 1216 23 after after IN 31627 1216 24 becoming become VBG 31627 1216 25 dormant dormant JJ 31627 1216 26 , , , 31627 1216 27 was be VBD 31627 1216 28 filled fill VBN 31627 1216 29 with with IN 31627 1216 30 water water NN 31627 1216 31 , , , 31627 1216 32 and and CC 31627 1216 33 thus thus RB 31627 1216 34 became become VBD 31627 1216 35 a a DT 31627 1216 36 lake lake NN 31627 1216 37 . . . 31627 1217 1 At at IN 31627 1217 2 a a DT 31627 1217 3 subsequent subsequent JJ 31627 1217 4 period period NN 31627 1217 5 , , , 31627 1217 6 however however RB 31627 1217 7 , , , 31627 1217 8 a a DT 31627 1217 9 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1217 10 eruption eruption NN 31627 1217 11 took take VBD 31627 1217 12 place place NN 31627 1217 13 near near IN 31627 1217 14 the the DT 31627 1217 15 edge edge NN 31627 1217 16 of of IN 31627 1217 17 the the DT 31627 1217 18 lake lake NN 31627 1217 19 , , , 31627 1217 20 resulting result VBG 31627 1217 21 in in IN 31627 1217 22 the the DT 31627 1217 23 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1217 24 ruptured rupture VBN 31627 1217 25 crater crater NN 31627 1217 26 known know VBN 31627 1217 27 as as IN 31627 1217 28 the the DT 31627 1217 29 Kunksköpfe Kunksköpfe NNP 31627 1217 30 , , , 31627 1217 31 which which WDT 31627 1217 32 rises rise VBZ 31627 1217 33 about about RB 31627 1217 34 four four CD 31627 1217 35 miles mile NNS 31627 1217 36 to to IN 31627 1217 37 the the DT 31627 1217 38 north north NN 31627 1217 39 of of IN 31627 1217 40 the the DT 31627 1217 41 Laacher Laacher NNP 31627 1217 42 See See NNP 31627 1217 43 . . . 31627 1218 1 The the DT 31627 1218 2 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1218 3 of of IN 31627 1218 4 this this DT 31627 1218 5 volcano volcano NN 31627 1218 6 appear appear VBP 31627 1218 7 to to TO 31627 1218 8 have have VB 31627 1218 9 displaced displace VBN 31627 1218 10 the the DT 31627 1218 11 mud mud NN 31627 1218 12 of of IN 31627 1218 13 the the DT 31627 1218 14 Lummerfeld Lummerfeld NNP 31627 1218 15 , , , 31627 1218 16 causing cause VBG 31627 1218 17 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1218 18 to to TO 31627 1218 19 flow flow VB 31627 1218 20 down down RP 31627 1218 21 into into IN 31627 1218 22 the the DT 31627 1218 23 deep deep JJ 31627 1218 24 gorge gorge NN 31627 1218 25 of of IN 31627 1218 26 the the DT 31627 1218 27 Brühl Brühl NNP 31627 1218 28 , , , 31627 1218 29 which which WDT 31627 1218 30 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1218 31 completely completely RB 31627 1218 32 filled fill VBD 31627 1218 33 , , , 31627 1218 34 as as IN 31627 1218 35 stated state VBN 31627 1218 36 above above RB 31627 1218 37 . . . 31627 1219 1 On on IN 31627 1219 2 walking walk VBG 31627 1219 3 down down IN 31627 1219 4 the the DT 31627 1219 5 valley valley NN 31627 1219 6 one one PRP 31627 1219 7 may may MD 31627 1219 8 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1219 9 see see VB 31627 1219 10 the the DT 31627 1219 11 junction junction NN 31627 1219 12 of of IN 31627 1219 13 the the DT 31627 1219 14 tuff tuff NN 31627 1219 15 with with IN 31627 1219 16 the the DT 31627 1219 17 slate slate NN 31627 1219 18 - - HYPH 31627 1219 19 rock rock NN 31627 1219 20 which which WDT 31627 1219 21 enfolds enfold VBZ 31627 1219 22 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1219 23 . . . 31627 1220 1 The the DT 31627 1220 2 tuff tuff NN 31627 1220 3 consists consist VBZ 31627 1220 4 of of IN 31627 1220 5 white white JJ 31627 1220 6 felspathic felspathic JJ 31627 1220 7 mud mud NN 31627 1220 8 , , , 31627 1220 9 with with IN 31627 1220 10 fragments fragment NNS 31627 1220 11 of of IN 31627 1220 12 slate slate NN 31627 1220 13 and and CC 31627 1220 14 lava lava NN 31627 1220 15 , , , 31627 1220 16 reaching reach VBG 31627 1220 17 a a DT 31627 1220 18 depth depth NN 31627 1220 19 in in IN 31627 1220 20 some some DT 31627 1220 21 places place NNS 31627 1220 22 of of IN 31627 1220 23 150 150 CD 31627 1220 24 feet foot NNS 31627 1220 25 . . . 31627 1221 1 After after IN 31627 1221 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1221 3 has have VBZ 31627 1221 4 been be VBN 31627 1221 5 quarried quarry VBN 31627 1221 6 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1221 7 is be VBZ 31627 1221 8 ground grind VBN 31627 1221 9 in in IN 31627 1221 10 mills mill NNS 31627 1221 11 , , , 31627 1221 12 and and CC 31627 1221 13 used use VBN 31627 1221 14 for for IN 31627 1221 15 cement cement NN 31627 1221 16 stone stone NN 31627 1221 17 under under IN 31627 1221 18 the the DT 31627 1221 19 name name NN 31627 1221 20 of of IN 31627 1221 21 _ _ NNP 31627 1221 22 trass trass NN 31627 1221 23 _ _ NNP 31627 1221 24 . . . 31627 1222 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1222 2 is be VBZ 31627 1222 3 said say VBN 31627 1222 4 to to TO 31627 1222 5 resemble resemble VB 31627 1222 6 the the DT 31627 1222 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1222 8 mud mud NN 31627 1222 9 by by IN 31627 1222 10 which which WDT 31627 1222 11 Herculaneum Herculaneum NNP 31627 1222 12 was be VBD 31627 1222 13 overwhelmed overwhelmed JJ 31627 1222 14 during during IN 31627 1222 15 the the DT 31627 1222 16 first first JJ 31627 1222 17 eruption eruption NN 31627 1222 18 of of IN 31627 1222 19 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 1222 20 , , , 31627 1222 21 and and CC 31627 1222 22 which which WDT 31627 1222 23 was be VBD 31627 1222 24 produced produce VBN 31627 1222 25 by by IN 31627 1222 26 the the DT 31627 1222 27 torrents torrent NNS 31627 1222 28 of of IN 31627 1222 29 rain rain NN 31627 1222 30 mixing mix VBG 31627 1222 31 with with IN 31627 1222 32 the the DT 31627 1222 33 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1222 34 as as IN 31627 1222 35 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1222 36 were be VBD 31627 1222 37 blown blow VBN 31627 1222 38 out out IN 31627 1222 39 of of IN 31627 1222 40 the the DT 31627 1222 41 volcano volcano NN 31627 1222 42 . . . 31627 1223 1 Sufficient sufficient JJ 31627 1223 2 has have VBZ 31627 1223 3 probably probably RB 31627 1223 4 now now RB 31627 1223 5 been be VBN 31627 1223 6 written write VBN 31627 1223 7 regarding regard VBG 31627 1223 8 the the DT 31627 1223 9 dormant dormant JJ 31627 1223 10 , , , 31627 1223 11 or or CC 31627 1223 12 recently recently RB 31627 1223 13 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1223 14 , , , 31627 1223 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1223 16 districts district NNS 31627 1223 17 of of IN 31627 1223 18 Europe Europe NNP 31627 1223 19 to to TO 31627 1223 20 give give VB 31627 1223 21 the the DT 31627 1223 22 reader reader NN 31627 1223 23 a a DT 31627 1223 24 clear clear JJ 31627 1223 25 idea idea NN 31627 1223 26 regarding regard VBG 31627 1223 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1223 28 nature nature NN 31627 1223 29 and and CC 31627 1223 30 physical physical JJ 31627 1223 31 structure structure NN 31627 1223 32 . . . 31627 1224 1 Other other JJ 31627 1224 2 districts district NNS 31627 1224 3 might may MD 31627 1224 4 be be VB 31627 1224 5 added add VBN 31627 1224 6 , , , 31627 1224 7 such such JJ 31627 1224 8 as as IN 31627 1224 9 those those DT 31627 1224 10 of of IN 31627 1224 11 Central Central NNP 31627 1224 12 Germany Germany NNP 31627 1224 13 , , , 31627 1224 14 Hungary Hungary NNP 31627 1224 15 , , , 31627 1224 16 Transylvania Transylvania NNP 31627 1224 17 , , , 31627 1224 18 and and CC 31627 1224 19 Styria Styria NNP 31627 1224 20 ; ; : 31627 1224 21 but but CC 31627 1224 22 to to TO 31627 1224 23 do do VB 31627 1224 24 so so RB 31627 1224 25 would would MD 31627 1224 26 be be VB 31627 1224 27 to to TO 31627 1224 28 exceed exceed VB 31627 1224 29 the the DT 31627 1224 30 proposed propose VBN 31627 1224 31 limits limit NNS 31627 1224 32 of of IN 31627 1224 33 this this DT 31627 1224 34 work work NN 31627 1224 35 ; ; : 31627 1224 36 and and CC 31627 1224 37 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1224 38 may may MD 31627 1224 39 therefore therefore RB 31627 1224 40 pass pass VB 31627 1224 41 on on RP 31627 1224 42 to to IN 31627 1224 43 the the DT 31627 1224 44 consideration consideration NN 31627 1224 45 of of IN 31627 1224 46 the the DT 31627 1224 47 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1224 48 region region NN 31627 1224 49 of of IN 31627 1224 50 Syria Syria NNP 31627 1224 51 and and CC 31627 1224 52 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 1224 53 , , , 31627 1224 54 which which WDT 31627 1224 55 adjoins adjoin VBZ 31627 1224 56 the the DT 31627 1224 57 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 1224 58 district district NN 31627 1224 59 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1224 60 have have VBP 31627 1224 61 considered consider VBN 31627 1224 62 in in IN 31627 1224 63 a a DT 31627 1224 64 former former JJ 31627 1224 65 page page NN 31627 1224 66 . . . 31627 1225 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1225 2 1 1 LS 31627 1225 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1225 4 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 1225 5 , , , 31627 1225 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1225 7 loc loc NN 31627 1225 8 . . . 31627 1226 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1226 2 . . . 31627 1226 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1226 4 , , , 31627 1226 5 p. p. NN 31627 1226 6 71 71 CD 31627 1226 7 . . . 31627 1227 1 The the DT 31627 1227 2 geology geology NN 31627 1227 3 of of IN 31627 1227 4 this this DT 31627 1227 5 region region NN 31627 1227 6 has have VBZ 31627 1227 7 had have VBN 31627 1227 8 many many JJ 31627 1227 9 investigators investigator NNS 31627 1227 10 , , , 31627 1227 11 of of IN 31627 1227 12 whom whom WP 31627 1227 13 the the DT 31627 1227 14 chief chief NN 31627 1227 15 are be VBP 31627 1227 16 Steininger Steininger NNP 31627 1227 17 , , , 31627 1227 18 _ _ NNP 31627 1227 19 Erloschenen Erloschenen NNP 31627 1227 20 Vulkane Vulkane NNP 31627 1227 21 in in IN 31627 1227 22 der der NN 31627 1227 23 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1227 24 _ _ NNP 31627 1227 25 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1227 26 1820 1820 CD 31627 1227 27 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1227 28 ; ; : 31627 1227 29 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 1227 30 , , , 31627 1227 31 _ _ NNP 31627 1227 32 Extinct Extinct NNP 31627 1227 33 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 1227 34 of of IN 31627 1227 35 the the DT 31627 1227 36 Basin Basin NNP 31627 1227 37 of of IN 31627 1227 38 Neuwied Neuwied NNP 31627 1227 39 _ _ NNP 31627 1227 40 , , , 31627 1227 41 1832 1832 CD 31627 1227 42 ; ; : 31627 1227 43 Nöggerath Nöggerath NNP 31627 1227 44 , , , 31627 1227 45 _ _ NNP 31627 1227 46 Das Das NNP 31627 1227 47 Gebirge Gebirge NNP 31627 1227 48 i -PRON- PRP 31627 1227 49 m be VBP 31627 1227 50 Rheinland Rheinland NNP 31627 1227 51 _ _ NNP 31627 1227 52 , , , 31627 1227 53 etc etc FW 31627 1227 54 . . FW 31627 1227 55 , , , 31627 1227 56 4 4 CD 31627 1227 57 vols vol NNS 31627 1227 58 . . . 31627 1228 1 ; ; : 31627 1228 2 Horner Horner NNP 31627 1228 3 , , , 31627 1228 4 " " `` 31627 1228 5 On on IN 31627 1228 6 the the DT 31627 1228 7 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1228 8 of of IN 31627 1228 9 Bonn Bonn NNP 31627 1228 10 , , , 31627 1228 11 " " `` 31627 1228 12 _ _ NNP 31627 1228 13 Transactions Transactions NNPS 31627 1228 14 of of IN 31627 1228 15 the the DT 31627 1228 16 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1228 17 Society Society NNP 31627 1228 18 , , , 31627 1228 19 London London NNP 31627 1228 20 _ _ NNP 31627 1228 21 , , , 31627 1228 22 vol vol NNP 31627 1228 23 . . . 31627 1229 1 iv iv XX 31627 1229 2 . . . 31627 1230 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1230 2 2 2 LS 31627 1230 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1230 4 The the DT 31627 1230 5 views view NNS 31627 1230 6 of of IN 31627 1230 7 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1230 8 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 1230 9 are be VBP 31627 1230 10 not not RB 31627 1230 11 inconsistent inconsistent JJ 31627 1230 12 with with IN 31627 1230 13 those those DT 31627 1230 14 of of IN 31627 1230 15 the the DT 31627 1230 16 late late JJ 31627 1230 17 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1230 18 A. A. NNP 31627 1230 19 Ramsay Ramsay NNP 31627 1230 20 , , , 31627 1230 21 on on IN 31627 1230 22 " " `` 31627 1230 23 The the DT 31627 1230 24 Physical physical JJ 31627 1230 25 History history NN 31627 1230 26 of of IN 31627 1230 27 the the DT 31627 1230 28 Valley Valley NNP 31627 1230 29 of of IN 31627 1230 30 the the DT 31627 1230 31 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1230 32 , , , 31627 1230 33 " " '' 31627 1230 34 _ _ NNP 31627 1230 35 Quart Quart NNP 31627 1230 36 . . . 31627 1231 1 Jour Jour NNP 31627 1231 2 . . . 31627 1232 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1232 2 . . . 31627 1233 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1233 2 . . . 31627 1233 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1233 4 , , , 31627 1233 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1233 6 . . . 31627 1234 1 xxx xxx NNP 31627 1234 2 . . . 31627 1235 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1235 2 1874 1874 CD 31627 1235 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1235 4 . . . 31627 1236 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1236 2 3 3 LS 31627 1236 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1236 4 Von Von NNP 31627 1236 5 Dechen Dechen NNP 31627 1236 6 , , , 31627 1236 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1236 8 Geog Geog NNP 31627 1236 9 . . . 31627 1237 1 Beschreib beschreib NN 31627 1237 2 . . . 31627 1238 1 des des NNP 31627 1238 2 Siebengebirges Siebengebirges NNP 31627 1238 3 am be VBP 31627 1238 4 Rhein Rhein NNP 31627 1238 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1238 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1238 7 Bonn Bonn NNP 31627 1238 8 , , , 31627 1238 9 1852 1852 CD 31627 1238 10 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1238 11 . . . 31627 1239 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1239 2 4 4 CD 31627 1239 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1239 4 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 1239 5 , , , 31627 1239 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1239 7 loc loc NN 31627 1239 8 . . . 31627 1240 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1240 2 . . . 31627 1240 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1240 4 , , , 31627 1240 5 p. p. NN 31627 1240 6 18 18 CD 31627 1240 7 . . . 31627 1241 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1241 2 5 5 CD 31627 1241 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1241 4 Horner Horner NNP 31627 1241 5 , , , 31627 1241 6 " " '' 31627 1241 7 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1241 8 of of IN 31627 1241 9 Environs Environs NNPS 31627 1241 10 of of IN 31627 1241 11 Bonn Bonn NNP 31627 1241 12 , , , 31627 1241 13 " " '' 31627 1241 14 _ _ NNP 31627 1241 15 Transactions Transactions NNPS 31627 1241 16 of of IN 31627 1241 17 the the DT 31627 1241 18 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1241 19 Society Society NNP 31627 1241 20 _ _ NNP 31627 1241 21 , , , 31627 1241 22 vol vol NNP 31627 1241 23 . . . 31627 1242 1 iv iv NNP 31627 1242 2 . . NNP 31627 1242 3 , , , 31627 1242 4 new new JJ 31627 1242 5 series series NN 31627 1242 6 . . . 31627 1243 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1243 2 6 6 CD 31627 1243 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1243 4 H. H. NNP 31627 1243 5 von von NNP 31627 1243 6 Dechen Dechen NNP 31627 1243 7 , , , 31627 1243 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1243 9 Geog Geog NNP 31627 1243 10 . . . 31627 1244 1 Führer Führer NNP 31627 1244 2 in in IN 31627 1244 3 das das NNP 31627 1244 4 Siebengebirge Siebengebirge NNP 31627 1244 5 am be VBP 31627 1244 6 Rhein Rhein NNP 31627 1244 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1244 8 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1244 9 Bonn Bonn NNP 31627 1244 10 , , , 31627 1244 11 1861 1861 CD 31627 1244 12 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1244 13 . . . 31627 1245 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1245 2 7 7 CD 31627 1245 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1245 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1245 5 Ibid Ibid NNP 31627 1245 6 . . . 31627 1245 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1245 8 , , , 31627 1245 9 p. p. NN 31627 1245 10 191 191 CD 31627 1245 11 . . . 31627 1246 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1246 2 8 8 CD 31627 1246 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1246 4 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1246 5 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 1246 6 's 's POS 31627 1246 7 work work NN 31627 1246 8 is be VBZ 31627 1246 9 illustrated illustrate VBN 31627 1246 10 by by IN 31627 1246 11 very very RB 31627 1246 12 carefully carefully RB 31627 1246 13 drawn draw VBN 31627 1246 14 and and CC 31627 1246 15 accurate accurate JJ 31627 1246 16 views view NNS 31627 1246 17 of of IN 31627 1246 18 some some DT 31627 1246 19 of of IN 31627 1246 20 the the DT 31627 1246 21 old old JJ 31627 1246 22 cones cone NNS 31627 1246 23 and and CC 31627 1246 24 craters crater NNS 31627 1246 25 of of IN 31627 1246 26 this this DT 31627 1246 27 district district NN 31627 1246 28 , , , 31627 1246 29 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 1246 30 by by IN 31627 1246 31 detailed detailed JJ 31627 1246 32 descriptions description NNS 31627 1246 33 . . . 31627 1247 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1247 2 9 9 CD 31627 1247 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1247 4 The the DT 31627 1247 5 lava lava NN 31627 1247 6 of of IN 31627 1247 7 Schorenberg Schorenberg NNP 31627 1247 8 , , , 31627 1247 9 near near IN 31627 1247 10 Rieden Rieden NNP 31627 1247 11 , , , 31627 1247 12 is be VBZ 31627 1247 13 interesting interesting JJ 31627 1247 14 from from IN 31627 1247 15 the the DT 31627 1247 16 fact fact NN 31627 1247 17 , , , 31627 1247 18 stated state VBN 31627 1247 19 by by IN 31627 1247 20 Zirkel Zirkel NNP 31627 1247 21 , , , 31627 1247 22 that that IN 31627 1247 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1247 24 contains contain VBZ 31627 1247 25 leucite leucite JJ 31627 1247 26 , , , 31627 1247 27 nosean nosean NNP 31627 1247 28 , , , 31627 1247 29 and and CC 31627 1247 30 nephelin.--_Die nephelin.--_Die NNP 31627 1247 31 Mikros Mikros NNP 31627 1247 32 . . . 31627 1248 1 Beschaf Beschaf NNP 31627 1248 2 . . . 31627 1249 1 d. d. NNP 31627 1249 2 Miner Miner NNP 31627 1249 3 . . . 31627 1250 1 u. u. NNP 31627 1250 2 Gesteine Gesteine NNP 31627 1250 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1250 4 , , , 31627 1250 5 p. p. NN 31627 1250 6 154 154 CD 31627 1250 7 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1250 8 1873 1873 CD 31627 1250 9 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1250 10 . . . 31627 1251 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1251 2 10 10 CD 31627 1251 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1251 4 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 1251 5 , , , 31627 1251 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1251 7 loc loc NN 31627 1251 8 . . . 31627 1252 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1252 2 . . . 31627 1252 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1252 4 , , , 31627 1252 5 p. p. NN 31627 1252 6 23 23 CD 31627 1252 7 . . . 31627 1253 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1253 2 11 11 CD 31627 1253 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1253 4 At at IN 31627 1253 5 the the DT 31627 1253 6 time time NN 31627 1253 7 of of IN 31627 1253 8 the the DT 31627 1253 9 author author NN 31627 1253 10 's 's POS 31627 1253 11 visit visit NN 31627 1253 12 the the DT 31627 1253 13 underground underground JJ 31627 1253 14 caverns cavern NNS 31627 1253 15 , , , 31627 1253 16 which which WDT 31627 1253 17 are be VBP 31627 1253 18 deliciously deliciously RB 31627 1253 19 cool cool JJ 31627 1253 20 in in IN 31627 1253 21 summer summer NN 31627 1253 22 , , , 31627 1253 23 were be VBD 31627 1253 24 used use VBN 31627 1253 25 for for IN 31627 1253 26 the the DT 31627 1253 27 storage storage NN 31627 1253 28 of of IN 31627 1253 29 the the DT 31627 1253 30 celebrated celebrated JJ 31627 1253 31 beer beer NN 31627 1253 32 brewed brew VBN 31627 1253 33 by by IN 31627 1253 34 the the DT 31627 1253 35 Moravians Moravians NNPS 31627 1253 36 of of IN 31627 1253 37 Neuwied Neuwied NNP 31627 1253 38 . . . 31627 1254 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1254 2 12 12 CD 31627 1254 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1254 4 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 1254 5 , , , 31627 1254 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1254 7 loc loc NN 31627 1254 8 . . . 31627 1255 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1255 2 . . . 31627 1255 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1255 4 , , , 31627 1255 5 p. p. NN 31627 1255 6 129 129 CD 31627 1255 7 . . . 31627 1256 1 PART PART NNP 31627 1256 2 III iii CD 31627 1256 3 . . . 31627 1257 1 DORMANT DORMANT NNP 31627 1257 2 OR or CC 31627 1257 3 MORIBUND MORIBUND NNP 31627 1257 4 VOLCANOES volcano NNS 31627 1257 5 OF of IN 31627 1257 6 OTHER other JJ 31627 1257 7 PARTS PARTS NNP 31627 1257 8 OF of IN 31627 1257 9 THE the DT 31627 1257 10 WORLD WORLD NNP 31627 1257 11 . . . 31627 1258 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1258 2 I. I. NNP 31627 1258 3 DORMANT DORMANT NNP 31627 1258 4 VOLCANOES volcano NNS 31627 1258 5 OF of IN 31627 1258 6 PALESTINE PALESTINE NNP 31627 1258 7 AND and CC 31627 1258 8 ARABIA ARABIA NNP 31627 1258 9 . . . 31627 1259 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1259 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1259 3 a. a. NN 31627 1259 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1259 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1259 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1259 7 Region Region NNP 31627 1259 8 east east NN 31627 1259 9 of of IN 31627 1259 10 the the DT 31627 1259 11 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1259 12 and and CC 31627 1259 13 Dead Dead NNP 31627 1259 14 Sea._--The Sea._--The NNP 31627 1259 15 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1259 16 line line NN 31627 1259 17 of of IN 31627 1259 18 country country NN 31627 1259 19 lying lie VBG 31627 1259 20 along along IN 31627 1259 21 the the DT 31627 1259 22 valley valley NN 31627 1259 23 of of IN 31627 1259 24 the the DT 31627 1259 25 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1259 26 , , , 31627 1259 27 and and CC 31627 1259 28 extending extend VBG 31627 1259 29 into into IN 31627 1259 30 the the DT 31627 1259 31 great great JJ 31627 1259 32 Arabian Arabian NNP 31627 1259 33 Desert Desert NNP 31627 1259 34 , , , 31627 1259 35 has have VBZ 31627 1259 36 been be VBN 31627 1259 37 the the DT 31627 1259 38 seat seat NN 31627 1259 39 of of IN 31627 1259 40 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1259 41 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1259 42 action action NN 31627 1259 43 in in IN 31627 1259 44 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 31627 1259 45 times time NNS 31627 1259 46 . . . 31627 1260 1 The the DT 31627 1260 2 specially specially RB 31627 1260 3 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1260 4 region region NN 31627 1260 5 seems seem VBZ 31627 1260 6 to to TO 31627 1260 7 be be VB 31627 1260 8 bounded bound VBN 31627 1260 9 by by IN 31627 1260 10 the the DT 31627 1260 11 depression depression NN 31627 1260 12 of of IN 31627 1260 13 the the DT 31627 1260 14 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1260 15 , , , 31627 1260 16 the the DT 31627 1260 17 Dead Dead NNP 31627 1260 18 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1260 19 , , , 31627 1260 20 and and CC 31627 1260 21 the the DT 31627 1260 22 Arabah Arabah NNP 31627 1260 23 as as IN 31627 1260 24 far far RB 31627 1260 25 south south RB 31627 1260 26 as as IN 31627 1260 27 the the DT 31627 1260 28 Gulf Gulf NNP 31627 1260 29 of of IN 31627 1260 30 Akabah Akabah NNP 31627 1260 31 ; ; : 31627 1260 32 for for IN 31627 1260 33 , , , 31627 1260 34 although although IN 31627 1260 35 Safed Safed NNP 31627 1260 36 , , , 31627 1260 37 lying lie VBG 31627 1260 38 at at IN 31627 1260 39 the the DT 31627 1260 40 head head NN 31627 1260 41 of of IN 31627 1260 42 the the DT 31627 1260 43 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1260 44 of of IN 31627 1260 45 Galilee Galilee NNP 31627 1260 46 on on IN 31627 1260 47 the the DT 31627 1260 48 west west NN 31627 1260 49 of of IN 31627 1260 50 the the DT 31627 1260 51 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1260 52 valley valley NN 31627 1260 53 , , , 31627 1260 54 is be VBZ 31627 1260 55 built build VBN 31627 1260 56 on on IN 31627 1260 57 a a DT 31627 1260 58 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1260 59 sheet sheet NN 31627 1260 60 , , , 31627 1260 61 and and CC 31627 1260 62 is be VBZ 31627 1260 63 in in IN 31627 1260 64 proximity proximity NN 31627 1260 65 to to IN 31627 1260 66 an an DT 31627 1260 67 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1260 68 crater crater NN 31627 1260 69 , , , 31627 1260 70 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1260 71 position position NN 31627 1260 72 is be VBZ 31627 1260 73 exceptional exceptional JJ 31627 1260 74 to to IN 31627 1260 75 the the DT 31627 1260 76 general general JJ 31627 1260 77 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 1260 78 of of IN 31627 1260 79 the the DT 31627 1260 80 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1260 81 products product NNS 31627 1260 82 which which WDT 31627 1260 83 may may MD 31627 1260 84 be be VB 31627 1260 85 traced trace VBN 31627 1260 86 at at IN 31627 1260 87 intervals interval NNS 31627 1260 88 from from IN 31627 1260 89 the the DT 31627 1260 90 base base NN 31627 1260 91 of of IN 31627 1260 92 Hermon Hermon NNP 31627 1260 93 into into IN 31627 1260 94 Central Central NNP 31627 1260 95 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1260 96 , , , 31627 1260 97 a a DT 31627 1260 98 distance distance NN 31627 1260 99 of of IN 31627 1260 100 about about RB 31627 1260 101 1000 1000 CD 31627 1260 102 miles mile NNS 31627 1260 103 . . . 31627 1261 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1261 2 1 1 LS 31627 1261 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1261 4 The the DT 31627 1261 5 tract tract NN 31627 1261 6 referred refer VBD 31627 1261 7 to to TO 31627 1261 8 has have VBZ 31627 1261 9 been be VBN 31627 1261 10 described describe VBN 31627 1261 11 at at IN 31627 1261 12 intervals interval NNS 31627 1261 13 by by IN 31627 1261 14 several several JJ 31627 1261 15 authors author NNS 31627 1261 16 , , , 31627 1261 17 of of IN 31627 1261 18 whom whom WP 31627 1261 19 G. G. NNP 31627 1261 20 Schumacher,[2 Schumacher,[2 NNP 31627 1261 21 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1261 22 L. L. NNP 31627 1261 23 Lartet,[3 Lartet,[3 NNP 31627 1261 24 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1261 25 Canon Canon NNP 31627 1261 26 Tristram,[4 Tristram,[4 NNP 31627 1261 27 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1261 28 M. M. NNP 31627 1261 29 Niebuhr,[5 Niebuhr,[5 NNP 31627 1261 30 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1261 31 and and CC 31627 1261 32 C. C. NNP 31627 1261 33 M. M. NNP 31627 1261 34 Doughty[6 Doughty[6 NNP 31627 1261 35 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1261 36 may may MD 31627 1261 37 be be VB 31627 1261 38 specially specially RB 31627 1261 39 mentioned mention VBN 31627 1261 40 in in IN 31627 1261 41 this this DT 31627 1261 42 connection connection NN 31627 1261 43 . . . 31627 1262 1 The the DT 31627 1262 2 most most RBS 31627 1262 3 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1262 4 manifestations manifestation NNS 31627 1262 5 of of IN 31627 1262 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1262 7 energy energy NN 31627 1262 8 throughout throughout IN 31627 1262 9 this this DT 31627 1262 10 long long JJ 31627 1262 11 tract tract NN 31627 1262 12 of of IN 31627 1262 13 country country NN 31627 1262 14 appear appear VBP 31627 1262 15 to to TO 31627 1262 16 be be VB 31627 1262 17 concentrated concentrate VBN 31627 1262 18 at at IN 31627 1262 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1262 20 extreme extreme JJ 31627 1262 21 limits limit NNS 31627 1262 22 . . . 31627 1263 1 At at IN 31627 1263 2 the the DT 31627 1263 3 northern northern JJ 31627 1263 4 extremity extremity NN 31627 1263 5 the the DT 31627 1263 6 generally generally RB 31627 1263 7 wild wild JJ 31627 1263 8 and and CC 31627 1263 9 rugged rugged JJ 31627 1263 10 tract tract NN 31627 1263 11 of of IN 31627 1263 12 the the DT 31627 1263 13 Jaulân Jaulân NNP 31627 1263 14 and and CC 31627 1263 15 Haurân Haurân NNP 31627 1263 16 , , , 31627 1263 17 called call VBD 31627 1263 18 in in IN 31627 1263 19 the the DT 31627 1263 20 Bible Bible NNP 31627 1263 21 _ _ NNP 31627 1263 22 Trachonitis Trachonitis NNP 31627 1263 23 _ _ NNP 31627 1263 24 , , , 31627 1263 25 and and CC 31627 1263 26 still still RB 31627 1263 27 farther farther RB 31627 1263 28 to to IN 31627 1263 29 the the DT 31627 1263 30 eastward eastward NN 31627 1263 31 the the DT 31627 1263 32 plateau plateau NN 31627 1263 33 of of IN 31627 1263 34 the the DT 31627 1263 35 Lejah Lejah NNP 31627 1263 36 , , , 31627 1263 37 with with IN 31627 1263 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1263 39 row row NN 31627 1263 40 of of IN 31627 1263 41 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1263 42 peaks peak NNS 31627 1263 43 sloping slope VBG 31627 1263 44 down down RP 31627 1263 45 to to IN 31627 1263 46 the the DT 31627 1263 47 vast vast JJ 31627 1263 48 level level NN 31627 1263 49 of of IN 31627 1263 50 Bashan Bashan NNP 31627 1263 51 , , , 31627 1263 52 is be VBZ 31627 1263 53 covered cover VBN 31627 1263 54 throughout throughout IN 31627 1263 55 nearly nearly RB 31627 1263 56 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1263 57 whole whole JJ 31627 1263 58 extent extent NN 31627 1263 59 by by IN 31627 1263 60 great great JJ 31627 1263 61 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1263 62 of of IN 31627 1263 63 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1263 64 lava lava NN 31627 1263 65 , , , 31627 1263 66 above above IN 31627 1263 67 which which WDT 31627 1263 68 rise rise VBP 31627 1263 69 at at IN 31627 1263 70 intervals interval NNS 31627 1263 71 , , , 31627 1263 72 and and CC 31627 1263 73 in in IN 31627 1263 74 very very RB 31627 1263 75 perfect perfect JJ 31627 1263 76 form form NN 31627 1263 77 , , , 31627 1263 78 the the DT 31627 1263 79 old old JJ 31627 1263 80 crater crater NN 31627 1263 81 - - HYPH 31627 1263 82 cones cone NNS 31627 1263 83 of of IN 31627 1263 84 eruption eruption NN 31627 1263 85 . . . 31627 1264 1 A a DT 31627 1264 2 similar similar JJ 31627 1264 3 group group NN 31627 1264 4 of of IN 31627 1264 5 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1264 6 craters crater NNS 31627 1264 7 with with IN 31627 1264 8 lava lava NN 31627 1264 9 - - HYPH 31627 1264 10 flows flow NNS 31627 1264 11 has have VBZ 31627 1264 12 been be VBN 31627 1264 13 described describe VBN 31627 1264 14 and and CC 31627 1264 15 figured figure VBN 31627 1264 16 by by IN 31627 1264 17 a a DT 31627 1264 18 recent recent JJ 31627 1264 19 traveller traveller NN 31627 1264 20 , , , 31627 1264 21 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1264 22 C. C. NNP 31627 1264 23 M. M. NNP 31627 1264 24 Doughty Doughty NNP 31627 1264 25 , , , 31627 1264 26 in in IN 31627 1264 27 parts part NNS 31627 1264 28 of of IN 31627 1264 29 Central Central NNP 31627 1264 30 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1264 31 . . . 31627 1265 1 The the DT 31627 1265 2 general general JJ 31627 1265 3 resemblance resemblance NN 31627 1265 4 of of IN 31627 1265 5 these these DT 31627 1265 6 Arabian arabian JJ 31627 1265 7 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1265 8 to to IN 31627 1265 9 those those DT 31627 1265 10 of of IN 31627 1265 11 the the DT 31627 1265 12 Jaulân Jaulân NNP 31627 1265 13 is be VBZ 31627 1265 14 unquestionable unquestionable JJ 31627 1265 15 ; ; : 31627 1265 16 and and CC 31627 1265 17 as as IN 31627 1265 18 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1265 19 are be VBP 31627 1265 20 connected connect VBN 31627 1265 21 with with IN 31627 1265 22 each each DT 31627 1265 23 other other JJ 31627 1265 24 by by IN 31627 1265 25 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1265 26 of of IN 31627 1265 27 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1265 28 lava lava NN 31627 1265 29 at at IN 31627 1265 30 intervals interval NNS 31627 1265 31 throughout throughout IN 31627 1265 32 the the DT 31627 1265 33 land land NN 31627 1265 34 of of IN 31627 1265 35 Moab Moab NNP 31627 1265 36 , , , 31627 1265 37 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1265 38 is be VBZ 31627 1265 39 tolerably tolerably RB 31627 1265 40 certain certain JJ 31627 1265 41 that that IN 31627 1265 42 the the DT 31627 1265 43 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1265 44 lying lie VBG 31627 1265 45 at at IN 31627 1265 46 either either DT 31627 1265 47 end end NN 31627 1265 48 of of IN 31627 1265 49 the the DT 31627 1265 50 chain chain NN 31627 1265 51 belong belong VBP 31627 1265 52 to to IN 31627 1265 53 one one CD 31627 1265 54 system system NN 31627 1265 55 , , , 31627 1265 56 and and CC 31627 1265 57 were be VBD 31627 1265 58 contemporaneously contemporaneously RB 31627 1265 59 in in IN 31627 1265 60 a a DT 31627 1265 61 state state NN 31627 1265 62 of of IN 31627 1265 63 activity activity NN 31627 1265 64 . . . 31627 1266 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1266 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1266 3 b. b. NNP 31627 1266 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1266 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1266 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1266 7 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1266 8 Conditions._--Before Conditions._--Before NNP 31627 1266 9 entering enter VBG 31627 1266 10 any any DT 31627 1266 11 further further RB 31627 1266 12 into into IN 31627 1266 13 particulars particular NNS 31627 1266 14 regarding regard VBG 31627 1266 15 the the DT 31627 1266 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1266 17 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1266 18 of of IN 31627 1266 19 this this DT 31627 1266 20 region region NN 31627 1266 21 , , , 31627 1266 22 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1266 23 may may MD 31627 1266 24 be be VB 31627 1266 25 desirable desirable JJ 31627 1266 26 to to TO 31627 1266 27 give give VB 31627 1266 28 a a DT 31627 1266 29 short short JJ 31627 1266 30 account account NN 31627 1266 31 of of IN 31627 1266 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1266 33 geological geological JJ 31627 1266 34 structure structure NN 31627 1266 35 , , , 31627 1266 36 and and CC 31627 1266 37 the the DT 31627 1266 38 physical physical JJ 31627 1266 39 conditions condition NNS 31627 1266 40 amongst amongst IN 31627 1266 41 which which WDT 31627 1266 42 the the DT 31627 1266 43 igneous igneous JJ 31627 1266 44 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1266 45 were be VBD 31627 1266 46 developed develop VBN 31627 1266 47 . . . 31627 1267 1 Down down IN 31627 1267 2 to to IN 31627 1267 3 the the DT 31627 1267 4 close close NN 31627 1267 5 of of IN 31627 1267 6 the the DT 31627 1267 7 Eocene Eocene NNP 31627 1267 8 period period NN 31627 1267 9 the the DT 31627 1267 10 whole whole JJ 31627 1267 11 region region NN 31627 1267 12 now now RB 31627 1267 13 under under IN 31627 1267 14 consideration consideration NN 31627 1267 15 was be VBD 31627 1267 16 occupied occupy VBN 31627 1267 17 by by IN 31627 1267 18 the the DT 31627 1267 19 waters water NNS 31627 1267 20 of of IN 31627 1267 21 the the DT 31627 1267 22 ocean ocean NN 31627 1267 23 . . . 31627 1268 1 The the DT 31627 1268 2 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1268 3 of of IN 31627 1268 4 Sinai Sinai NNP 31627 1268 5 were be VBD 31627 1268 6 islands island NNS 31627 1268 7 in in IN 31627 1268 8 this this DT 31627 1268 9 ocean ocean NN 31627 1268 10 , , , 31627 1268 11 which which WDT 31627 1268 12 had have VBD 31627 1268 13 a a DT 31627 1268 14 very very RB 31627 1268 15 wide wide JJ 31627 1268 16 range range NN 31627 1268 17 over over IN 31627 1268 18 parts part NNS 31627 1268 19 of of IN 31627 1268 20 Asia Asia NNP 31627 1268 21 , , , 31627 1268 22 Africa Africa NNP 31627 1268 23 , , , 31627 1268 24 and and CC 31627 1268 25 Europe Europe NNP 31627 1268 26 . . . 31627 1269 1 But but CC 31627 1269 2 at at IN 31627 1269 3 the the DT 31627 1269 4 commencement commencement NN 31627 1269 5 of of IN 31627 1269 6 the the DT 31627 1269 7 succeeding succeed VBG 31627 1269 8 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1269 9 stage stage VB 31627 1269 10 the the DT 31627 1269 11 crust crust NN 31627 1269 12 was be VBD 31627 1269 13 subjected subject VBN 31627 1269 14 to to IN 31627 1269 15 lateral lateral JJ 31627 1269 16 contraction contraction NN 31627 1269 17 , , , 31627 1269 18 owing owe VBG 31627 1269 19 to to IN 31627 1269 20 which which WDT 31627 1269 21 the the DT 31627 1269 22 ocean ocean NN 31627 1269 23 bed bed NN 31627 1269 24 was be VBD 31627 1269 25 upraised upraise VBN 31627 1269 26 . . . 31627 1270 1 The the DT 31627 1270 2 strata strata NN 31627 1270 3 were be VBD 31627 1270 4 flexured flexure VBN 31627 1270 5 , , , 31627 1270 6 folded fold VBN 31627 1270 7 , , , 31627 1270 8 and and CC 31627 1270 9 often often RB 31627 1270 10 faulted fault VBN 31627 1270 11 and and CC 31627 1270 12 fissured fissure VBN 31627 1270 13 along along IN 31627 1270 14 lines line NNS 31627 1270 15 ranging range VBG 31627 1270 16 north north NN 31627 1270 17 and and CC 31627 1270 18 south south NN 31627 1270 19 , , , 31627 1270 20 the the DT 31627 1270 21 great great JJ 31627 1270 22 fault fault NN 31627 1270 23 of of IN 31627 1270 24 the the DT 31627 1270 25 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1270 26 - - HYPH 31627 1270 27 Arabah Arabah NNP 31627 1270 28 valley valley NN 31627 1270 29 being be VBG 31627 1270 30 the the DT 31627 1270 31 most most RBS 31627 1270 32 important important JJ 31627 1270 33 . . . 31627 1271 1 At at IN 31627 1271 2 this this DT 31627 1271 3 period period NN 31627 1271 4 the the DT 31627 1271 5 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1271 6 of of IN 31627 1271 7 the the DT 31627 1271 8 Lebanon Lebanon NNP 31627 1271 9 , , , 31627 1271 10 the the DT 31627 1271 11 table table NN 31627 1271 12 - - HYPH 31627 1271 13 lands land NNS 31627 1271 14 of of IN 31627 1271 15 Judæa Judæa NNP 31627 1271 16 and and CC 31627 1271 17 of of IN 31627 1271 18 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1271 19 , , , 31627 1271 20 formed form VBN 31627 1271 21 of of IN 31627 1271 22 limestone limestone NN 31627 1271 23 , , , 31627 1271 24 previously previously RB 31627 1271 25 constituting constitute VBG 31627 1271 26 the the DT 31627 1271 27 bed bed NN 31627 1271 28 of of IN 31627 1271 29 the the DT 31627 1271 30 ocean ocean NN 31627 1271 31 during during IN 31627 1271 32 the the DT 31627 1271 33 Eocene Eocene NNP 31627 1271 34 and and CC 31627 1271 35 Cretaceous cretaceous JJ 31627 1271 36 periods period NNS 31627 1271 37 , , , 31627 1271 38 were be VBD 31627 1271 39 converted convert VBN 31627 1271 40 into into IN 31627 1271 41 land land NN 31627 1271 42 surfaces surface NNS 31627 1271 43 . . . 31627 1272 1 Along along IN 31627 1272 2 with with IN 31627 1272 3 this this DT 31627 1272 4 upheaval upheaval NN 31627 1272 5 of of IN 31627 1272 6 the the DT 31627 1272 7 sea sea NN 31627 1272 8 - - HYPH 31627 1272 9 bed bed NN 31627 1272 10 there there EX 31627 1272 11 was be VBD 31627 1272 12 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1272 13 denudation denudation NN 31627 1272 14 and and CC 31627 1272 15 erosion erosion NN 31627 1272 16 of of IN 31627 1272 17 the the DT 31627 1272 18 strata strata NN 31627 1272 19 , , , 31627 1272 20 so so IN 31627 1272 21 that that IN 31627 1272 22 valleys valley NNS 31627 1272 23 were be VBD 31627 1272 24 eroded erode VBN 31627 1272 25 over over IN 31627 1272 26 the the DT 31627 1272 27 subaërial subaërial JJ 31627 1272 28 tracts tract NNS 31627 1272 29 , , , 31627 1272 30 and and CC 31627 1272 31 the the DT 31627 1272 32 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1272 33 - - HYPH 31627 1272 34 Arabah Arabah NNP 31627 1272 35 valley valley NN 31627 1272 36 received receive VBD 31627 1272 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1272 38 primary primary JJ 31627 1272 39 form form NN 31627 1272 40 and and CC 31627 1272 41 outline outline NN 31627 1272 42 . . . 31627 1273 1 Up up IN 31627 1273 2 to to IN 31627 1273 3 this this DT 31627 1273 4 time time NN 31627 1273 5 there there EX 31627 1273 6 does do VBZ 31627 1273 7 not not RB 31627 1273 8 appear appear VB 31627 1273 9 to to TO 31627 1273 10 have have VB 31627 1273 11 been be VBN 31627 1273 12 any any DT 31627 1273 13 outbreak outbreak NN 31627 1273 14 of of IN 31627 1273 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1273 16 forces force NNS 31627 1273 17 ; ; : 31627 1273 18 but but CC 31627 1273 19 with with IN 31627 1273 20 the the DT 31627 1273 21 succeeding succeed VBG 31627 1273 22 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 1273 23 period period NN 31627 1273 24 these these DT 31627 1273 25 came come VBD 31627 1273 26 into into IN 31627 1273 27 play play NN 31627 1273 28 , , , 31627 1273 29 and and CC 31627 1273 30 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1273 31 of of IN 31627 1273 32 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1273 33 lava lava NN 31627 1273 34 took take VBD 31627 1273 35 place place NN 31627 1273 36 along along IN 31627 1273 37 rents rent NNS 31627 1273 38 and and CC 31627 1273 39 fissures fissure NNS 31627 1273 40 in in IN 31627 1273 41 the the DT 31627 1273 42 strata strata NN 31627 1273 43 , , , 31627 1273 44 while while IN 31627 1273 45 craters crater NNS 31627 1273 46 and and CC 31627 1273 47 cones cone NNS 31627 1273 48 of of IN 31627 1273 49 slag slag NN 31627 1273 50 , , , 31627 1273 51 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 1273 52 , , , 31627 1273 53 and and CC 31627 1273 54 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1273 55 were be VBD 31627 1273 56 thrown throw VBN 31627 1273 57 up up RP 31627 1273 58 over over IN 31627 1273 59 the the DT 31627 1273 60 region region NN 31627 1273 61 lying lie VBG 31627 1273 62 to to IN 31627 1273 63 the the DT 31627 1273 64 east east NN 31627 1273 65 of of IN 31627 1273 66 the the DT 31627 1273 67 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1273 68 of of IN 31627 1273 69 Galilee Galilee NNP 31627 1273 70 and and CC 31627 1273 71 the the DT 31627 1273 72 sources source NNS 31627 1273 73 of of IN 31627 1273 74 the the DT 31627 1273 75 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1273 76 on on IN 31627 1273 77 the the DT 31627 1273 78 one one CD 31627 1273 79 hand hand NN 31627 1273 80 , , , 31627 1273 81 and and CC 31627 1273 82 the the DT 31627 1273 83 central central JJ 31627 1273 84 parts part NNS 31627 1273 85 of of IN 31627 1273 86 the the DT 31627 1273 87 great great JJ 31627 1273 88 Arabian Arabian NNP 31627 1273 89 Desert Desert NNP 31627 1273 90 on on IN 31627 1273 91 the the DT 31627 1273 92 other other JJ 31627 1273 93 . . . 31627 1274 1 These these DT 31627 1274 2 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1274 3 , , , 31627 1274 4 probably probably RB 31627 1274 5 intermittent intermittent JJ 31627 1274 6 , , , 31627 1274 7 continued continue VBD 31627 1274 8 into into IN 31627 1274 9 the the DT 31627 1274 10 succeeding succeed VBG 31627 1274 11 Glacial glacial JJ 31627 1274 12 or or CC 31627 1274 13 Pluvial pluvial JJ 31627 1274 14 period period NN 31627 1274 15 , , , 31627 1274 16 and and CC 31627 1274 17 only only RB 31627 1274 18 died die VBD 31627 1274 19 out out RP 31627 1274 20 about about IN 31627 1274 21 the the DT 31627 1274 22 time time NN 31627 1274 23 that that WDT 31627 1274 24 the the DT 31627 1274 25 earliest early JJS 31627 1274 26 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 1274 27 appeared appear VBD 31627 1274 28 on on IN 31627 1274 29 the the DT 31627 1274 30 scene scene NN 31627 1274 31 . . . 31627 1275 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1275 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1275 3 c. c. NNP 31627 1275 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1275 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1275 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1275 7 The the DT 31627 1275 8 Jaulân Jaulân NNP 31627 1275 9 and and CC 31627 1275 10 Haurân._--This haurân._--this CD 31627 1275 11 tract tract NN 31627 1275 12 is be VBZ 31627 1275 13 bounded bound VBN 31627 1275 14 by by IN 31627 1275 15 the the DT 31627 1275 16 valley valley NN 31627 1275 17 of of IN 31627 1275 18 the the DT 31627 1275 19 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1275 20 and and CC 31627 1275 21 the the DT 31627 1275 22 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1275 23 of of IN 31627 1275 24 Galilee Galilee NNP 31627 1275 25 on on IN 31627 1275 26 the the DT 31627 1275 27 west west NN 31627 1275 28 , , , 31627 1275 29 from from IN 31627 1275 30 which which WDT 31627 1275 31 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1275 32 rises rise VBZ 31627 1275 33 by by IN 31627 1275 34 steep steep JJ 31627 1275 35 and and CC 31627 1275 36 rocky rocky JJ 31627 1275 37 declivities declivity NNS 31627 1275 38 into into IN 31627 1275 39 an an DT 31627 1275 40 elevated elevated JJ 31627 1275 41 table table NN 31627 1275 42 - - HYPH 31627 1275 43 land land NN 31627 1275 44 , , , 31627 1275 45 drained drain VBN 31627 1275 46 by by IN 31627 1275 47 the the DT 31627 1275 48 Yarmûk Yarmûk NNP 31627 1275 49 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1275 50 Hieromax Hieromax NNP 31627 1275 51 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1275 52 , , , 31627 1275 53 the the DT 31627 1275 54 Nahr Nahr NNP 31627 1275 55 er er UH 31627 1275 56 Rukkâd Rukkâd NNP 31627 1275 57 , , , 31627 1275 58 and and CC 31627 1275 59 other other JJ 31627 1275 60 streams stream NNS 31627 1275 61 , , , 31627 1275 62 which which WDT 31627 1275 63 flow flow VBP 31627 1275 64 westwards westward NNS 31627 1275 65 into into IN 31627 1275 66 the the DT 31627 1275 67 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1275 68 along along IN 31627 1275 69 deep deep JJ 31627 1275 70 channels channel NNS 31627 1275 71 in in IN 31627 1275 72 which which WDT 31627 1275 73 the the DT 31627 1275 74 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1275 75 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1275 76 and and CC 31627 1275 77 underlying underlie VBG 31627 1275 78 limestone limestone NN 31627 1275 79 strata strata NN 31627 1275 80 are be VBP 31627 1275 81 well well RB 31627 1275 82 laid lay VBN 31627 1275 83 open open RB 31627 1275 84 to to IN 31627 1275 85 view view NN 31627 1275 86 . . . 31627 1276 1 On on IN 31627 1276 2 consideration consideration NN 31627 1276 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1276 4 seems seem VBZ 31627 1276 5 improbable improbable JJ 31627 1276 6 that that IN 31627 1276 7 the the DT 31627 1276 8 great great JJ 31627 1276 9 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1276 10 of of IN 31627 1276 11 augitic augitic JJ 31627 1276 12 lava lava NN 31627 1276 13 , , , 31627 1276 14 such such JJ 31627 1276 15 as as IN 31627 1276 16 cover cover VB 31627 1276 17 the the DT 31627 1276 18 surface surface NN 31627 1276 19 of of IN 31627 1276 20 the the DT 31627 1276 21 land land NN 31627 1276 22 of of IN 31627 1276 23 Bashan Bashan NNP 31627 1276 24 , , , 31627 1276 25 are be VBP 31627 1276 26 altogether altogether RB 31627 1276 27 the the DT 31627 1276 28 product product NN 31627 1276 29 of of IN 31627 1276 30 the the DT 31627 1276 31 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1276 32 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1276 33 which which WDT 31627 1276 34 appear appear VBP 31627 1276 35 to to TO 31627 1276 36 be be VB 31627 1276 37 confined confine VBN 31627 1276 38 to to IN 31627 1276 39 special special JJ 31627 1276 40 districts district NNS 31627 1276 41 in in IN 31627 1276 42 this this DT 31627 1276 43 wide wide JJ 31627 1276 44 area area NN 31627 1276 45 . . . 31627 1277 1 Some some DT 31627 1277 2 of of IN 31627 1277 3 the the DT 31627 1277 4 craters crater NNS 31627 1277 5 do do VBP 31627 1277 6 indeed indeed RB 31627 1277 7 send send VB 31627 1277 8 forth forth RB 31627 1277 9 visible visible JJ 31627 1277 10 lava lava NN 31627 1277 11 - - HYPH 31627 1277 12 streams stream NNS 31627 1277 13 , , , 31627 1277 14 but but CC 31627 1277 15 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1277 16 are be VBP 31627 1277 17 insignificant insignificant JJ 31627 1277 18 as as IN 31627 1277 19 compared compare VBN 31627 1277 20 with with IN 31627 1277 21 the the DT 31627 1277 22 general general JJ 31627 1277 23 mass mass NN 31627 1277 24 of of IN 31627 1277 25 the the DT 31627 1277 26 plateau plateau NNP 31627 1277 27 - - HYPH 31627 1277 28 basalts basalt NNS 31627 1277 29 ; ; : 31627 1277 30 and and CC 31627 1277 31 the the DT 31627 1277 32 crater crater NN 31627 1277 33 - - , 31627 1277 34 cones cone NNS 31627 1277 35 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 1277 36 appear appear VBP 31627 1277 37 in in IN 31627 1277 38 some some DT 31627 1277 39 cases case NNS 31627 1277 40 to to TO 31627 1277 41 be be VB 31627 1277 42 posterior posterior JJ 31627 1277 43 to to IN 31627 1277 44 the the DT 31627 1277 45 platforms platform NNS 31627 1277 46 of of IN 31627 1277 47 basalt basalt NN 31627 1277 48 from from IN 31627 1277 49 which which WDT 31627 1277 50 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1277 51 rise rise VBP 31627 1277 52 . . . 31627 1278 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1278 2 is be VBZ 31627 1278 3 very very RB 31627 1278 4 probable probable JJ 31627 1278 5 , , , 31627 1278 6 therefore therefore RB 31627 1278 7 , , , 31627 1278 8 that that IN 31627 1278 9 the the DT 31627 1278 10 lavas lavas NN 31627 1278 11 of of IN 31627 1278 12 this this DT 31627 1278 13 region region NN 31627 1278 14 have have VBP 31627 1278 15 , , , 31627 1278 16 in in IN 31627 1278 17 the the DT 31627 1278 18 main main JJ 31627 1278 19 , , , 31627 1278 20 been be VBN 31627 1278 21 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1278 22 from from IN 31627 1278 23 fissures fissure NNS 31627 1278 24 of of IN 31627 1278 25 eruption eruption NN 31627 1278 26 at at IN 31627 1278 27 an an DT 31627 1278 28 early early JJ 31627 1278 29 period period NN 31627 1278 30 , , , 31627 1278 31 and and CC 31627 1278 32 spread spread VBD 31627 1278 33 over over IN 31627 1278 34 the the DT 31627 1278 35 surface surface NN 31627 1278 36 of of IN 31627 1278 37 the the DT 31627 1278 38 country country NN 31627 1278 39 in in IN 31627 1278 40 the the DT 31627 1278 41 same same JJ 31627 1278 42 manner manner NN 31627 1278 43 as as IN 31627 1278 44 those those DT 31627 1278 45 of of IN 31627 1278 46 the the DT 31627 1278 47 Snake Snake NNP 31627 1278 48 River River NNP 31627 1278 49 region region NN 31627 1278 50 , , , 31627 1278 51 and and CC 31627 1278 52 the the DT 31627 1278 53 borders border NNS 31627 1278 54 of of IN 31627 1278 55 the the DT 31627 1278 56 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 1278 57 Ocean Ocean NNP 31627 1278 58 of of IN 31627 1278 59 North North NNP 31627 1278 60 America America NNP 31627 1278 61 , , , 31627 1278 62 and and CC 31627 1278 63 possibly possibly RB 31627 1278 64 of of IN 31627 1278 65 the the DT 31627 1278 66 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1278 67 Plateau Plateau NNP 31627 1278 68 in in IN 31627 1278 69 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1278 70 , , , 31627 1278 71 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 1278 72 to to TO 31627 1278 73 be be VB 31627 1278 74 described describe VBN 31627 1278 75 . . . 31627 1279 1 The the DT 31627 1279 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1279 3 hills hill NNS 31627 1279 4 which which WDT 31627 1279 5 rise rise VBP 31627 1279 6 above above IN 31627 1279 7 the the DT 31627 1279 8 plateau plateau NN 31627 1279 9 are be VBP 31627 1279 10 described describe VBN 31627 1279 11 in in IN 31627 1279 12 detail detail NN 31627 1279 13 by by IN 31627 1279 14 Schumacher Schumacher NNP 31627 1279 15 . . . 31627 1280 1 Of of IN 31627 1280 2 these these DT 31627 1280 3 , , , 31627 1280 4 Tell tell VB 31627 1280 5 Abû Abû NNP 31627 1280 6 Nedîr Nedîr NNP 31627 1280 7 is be VBZ 31627 1280 8 the the DT 31627 1280 9 largest large JJS 31627 1280 10 in in IN 31627 1280 11 the the DT 31627 1280 12 Jaulân Jaulân NNP 31627 1280 13 . . . 31627 1281 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1281 2 reaches reach VBZ 31627 1281 3 an an DT 31627 1281 4 elevation elevation NN 31627 1281 5 of of IN 31627 1281 6 4132 4132 CD 31627 1281 7 feet foot NNS 31627 1281 8 above above IN 31627 1281 9 the the DT 31627 1281 10 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 31627 1281 11 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1281 12 , , , 31627 1281 13 and and CC 31627 1281 14 1710 1710 CD 31627 1281 15 feet foot NNS 31627 1281 16 above above IN 31627 1281 17 the the DT 31627 1281 18 plain plain NN 31627 1281 19 from from IN 31627 1281 20 which which WDT 31627 1281 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1281 22 rises rise VBZ 31627 1281 23 ; ; : 31627 1281 24 the the DT 31627 1281 25 circumference circumference NN 31627 1281 26 of of IN 31627 1281 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1281 28 base base NN 31627 1281 29 is be VBZ 31627 1281 30 three three CD 31627 1281 31 miles mile NNS 31627 1281 32 , , , 31627 1281 33 and and CC 31627 1281 34 the the DT 31627 1281 35 rim rim NN 31627 1281 36 of of IN 31627 1281 37 the the DT 31627 1281 38 crater crater NN 31627 1281 39 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1281 40 , , , 31627 1281 41 which which WDT 31627 1281 42 is be VBZ 31627 1281 43 oval oval NN 31627 1281 44 in in IN 31627 1281 45 form form NN 31627 1281 46 , , , 31627 1281 47 is be VBZ 31627 1281 48 1331 1331 CD 31627 1281 49 yards yard NNS 31627 1281 50 in in IN 31627 1281 51 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1281 52 larger large JJR 31627 1281 53 diameter diameter NN 31627 1281 54 . . . 31627 1282 1 The the DT 31627 1282 2 interior interior NN 31627 1282 3 is be VBZ 31627 1282 4 cultivated cultivate VBN 31627 1282 5 by by IN 31627 1282 6 Circassians Circassians NNPS 31627 1282 7 , , , 31627 1282 8 and and CC 31627 1282 9 is be VBZ 31627 1282 10 very very RB 31627 1282 11 fruitful fruitful JJ 31627 1282 12 ; ; : 31627 1282 13 the the DT 31627 1282 14 walls wall NNS 31627 1282 15 descend descend VBP 31627 1282 16 at at IN 31627 1282 17 an an DT 31627 1282 18 angle angle NN 31627 1282 19 of of IN 31627 1282 20 about about RB 31627 1282 21 30 30 CD 31627 1282 22 ° ° NNS 31627 1282 23 on on IN 31627 1282 24 the the DT 31627 1282 25 inside inside NN 31627 1282 26 , , , 31627 1282 27 the the DT 31627 1282 28 exterior exterior JJ 31627 1282 29 slope slope NN 31627 1282 30 of of IN 31627 1282 31 the the DT 31627 1282 32 mountain mountain NN 31627 1282 33 being be VBG 31627 1282 34 about about RB 31627 1282 35 22 22 CD 31627 1282 36 ° ° NNS 31627 1282 37 . . . 31627 1283 1 The the DT 31627 1283 2 cone cone NN 31627 1283 3 seems seem VBZ 31627 1283 4 to to TO 31627 1283 5 be be VB 31627 1283 6 formed form VBN 31627 1283 7 chiefly chiefly RB 31627 1283 8 of of IN 31627 1283 9 scoriæ scoriæ NN 31627 1283 10 , , , 31627 1283 11 and and CC 31627 1283 12 the the DT 31627 1283 13 lava lava NN 31627 1283 14 - - HYPH 31627 1283 15 stream stream NN 31627 1283 16 , , , 31627 1283 17 which which WDT 31627 1283 18 issues issue VBZ 31627 1283 19 forth forth RB 31627 1283 20 from from IN 31627 1283 21 the the DT 31627 1283 22 interior interior NNP 31627 1283 23 , , , 31627 1283 24 forms form VBZ 31627 1283 25 a a DT 31627 1283 26 frightfully frightfully RB 31627 1283 27 stony stony JJ 31627 1283 28 and and CC 31627 1283 29 lacerated lacerated JJ 31627 1283 30 district district NN 31627 1283 31 . . . 31627 1284 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1284 2 7 7 CD 31627 1284 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1284 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1284 5 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1284 6 : : : 31627 1284 7 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1284 8 . . . 31627 1285 1 24.--Extinct 24.--extinct CD 31627 1285 2 Craters crater NNS 31627 1285 3 in in IN 31627 1285 4 the the DT 31627 1285 5 Jaulân Jaulân NNP 31627 1285 6 , , , 31627 1285 7 north north NN 31627 1285 8 - - HYPH 31627 1285 9 east east NN 31627 1285 10 from from IN 31627 1285 11 the the DT 31627 1285 12 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1285 13 of of IN 31627 1285 14 Galilee Galilee NNP 31627 1285 15 , , , 31627 1285 16 called call VBD 31627 1285 17 Tell Tell NNP 31627 1285 18 Abû Abû NNP 31627 1285 19 en en NNP 31627 1285 20 Nedâ Nedâ NNP 31627 1285 21 and and CC 31627 1285 22 Tell tell VB 31627 1285 23 el el NNP 31627 1285 24 Urâm Urâm NNP 31627 1285 25 , , , 31627 1285 26 with with IN 31627 1285 27 a a DT 31627 1285 28 central central JJ 31627 1285 29 cone.--(After cone.--(After : 31627 1285 30 Schumacher Schumacher NNP 31627 1285 31 . . . 31627 1285 32 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1285 33 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1286 1 Another another DT 31627 1286 2 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1286 3 volcano volcano NN 31627 1286 4 is be VBZ 31627 1286 5 the the DT 31627 1286 6 Tell Tell NNP 31627 1286 7 Abû Abû NNP 31627 1286 8 en en NNP 31627 1286 9 Nedâ Nedâ NNP 31627 1286 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1286 11 Fig fig NN 31627 1286 12 . . . 31627 1287 1 24 24 CD 31627 1287 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1287 3 . . . 31627 1288 1 This this DT 31627 1288 2 is be VBZ 31627 1288 3 a a DT 31627 1288 4 double double JJ 31627 1288 5 crater crater NN 31627 1288 6 , , , 31627 1288 7 with with IN 31627 1288 8 a a DT 31627 1288 9 cone cone NN 31627 1288 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1288 11 probably probably RB 31627 1288 12 of of IN 31627 1288 13 cinders cinder NNS 31627 1288 14 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1288 15 rising rise VBG 31627 1288 16 from from IN 31627 1288 17 the the DT 31627 1288 18 interior interior NN 31627 1288 19 of of IN 31627 1288 20 one one CD 31627 1288 21 of of IN 31627 1288 22 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1288 23 . . . 31627 1289 1 The the DT 31627 1289 2 highest high JJS 31627 1289 3 point point NN 31627 1289 4 of of IN 31627 1289 5 the the DT 31627 1289 6 rim rim NN 31627 1289 7 of of IN 31627 1289 8 one one CD 31627 1289 9 of of IN 31627 1289 10 the the DT 31627 1289 11 craters crater NNS 31627 1289 12 reaches reach VBZ 31627 1289 13 a a DT 31627 1289 14 level level NN 31627 1289 15 of of IN 31627 1289 16 4042 4042 CD 31627 1289 17 feet foot NNS 31627 1289 18 above above IN 31627 1289 19 the the DT 31627 1289 20 sea sea NN 31627 1289 21 . . . 31627 1290 1 A a DT 31627 1290 2 lava lava NN 31627 1290 3 - - HYPH 31627 1290 4 stream stream NN 31627 1290 5 issues issue NNS 31627 1290 6 forth forth RB 31627 1290 7 from from IN 31627 1290 8 Abû Abû NNP 31627 1290 9 en en NNP 31627 1290 10 Nedâ Nedâ NNP 31627 1290 11 , , , 31627 1290 12 and and CC 31627 1290 13 unites unite VBZ 31627 1290 14 with with IN 31627 1290 15 another another DT 31627 1290 16 from from IN 31627 1290 17 a a DT 31627 1290 18 neighbouring neighbouring NN 31627 1290 19 volcano volcano NN 31627 1290 20 . . . 31627 1291 1 Tell tell VB 31627 1291 2 el el NNP 31627 1291 3 Ahmâr Ahmâr NNP 31627 1291 4 is be VBZ 31627 1291 5 a a DT 31627 1291 6 ruptured ruptured JJ 31627 1291 7 crater crater NN 31627 1291 8 of of IN 31627 1291 9 imposing impose VBG 31627 1291 10 aspect aspect NN 31627 1291 11 , , , 31627 1291 12 reaching reach VBG 31627 1291 13 an an DT 31627 1291 14 elevation elevation NN 31627 1291 15 of of IN 31627 1291 16 4060 4060 CD 31627 1291 17 feet foot NNS 31627 1291 18 , , , 31627 1291 19 and and CC 31627 1291 20 sending send VBG 31627 1291 21 forth forth RB 31627 1291 22 a a DT 31627 1291 23 lava lava NN 31627 1291 24 - - HYPH 31627 1291 25 current current NN 31627 1291 26 , , , 31627 1291 27 which which WDT 31627 1291 28 falls fall VBZ 31627 1291 29 in in IN 31627 1291 30 regular regular JJ 31627 1291 31 terraces terrace NNS 31627 1291 32 from from IN 31627 1291 33 the the DT 31627 1291 34 outlet outlet NN 31627 1291 35 towards towards IN 31627 1291 36 the the DT 31627 1291 37 west west NNP 31627 1291 38 and and CC 31627 1291 39 north north NN 31627 1291 40 . . . 31627 1292 1 The the DT 31627 1292 2 ruptured ruptured JJ 31627 1292 3 crater crater NN 31627 1292 4 of of IN 31627 1292 5 Tell Tell NNP 31627 1292 6 el el NNP 31627 1292 7 Akkasheh Akkasheh NNP 31627 1292 8 , , , 31627 1292 9 which which WDT 31627 1292 10 reaches reach VBZ 31627 1292 11 a a DT 31627 1292 12 height height NN 31627 1292 13 of of IN 31627 1292 14 3400 3400 CD 31627 1292 15 feet foot NNS 31627 1292 16 , , , 31627 1292 17 has have VBZ 31627 1292 18 a a DT 31627 1292 19 less less RBR 31627 1292 20 forbidding forbidding JJ 31627 1292 21 aspect aspect NN 31627 1292 22 than than IN 31627 1292 23 the the DT 31627 1292 24 greater great JJR 31627 1292 25 number number NN 31627 1292 26 of of IN 31627 1292 27 the the DT 31627 1292 28 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1292 29 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1292 30 of of IN 31627 1292 31 this this DT 31627 1292 32 region region NN 31627 1292 33 , , , 31627 1292 34 owing owe VBG 31627 1292 35 to to IN 31627 1292 36 the the DT 31627 1292 37 fact fact NN 31627 1292 38 that that IN 31627 1292 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1292 40 sides side NNS 31627 1292 41 are be VBP 31627 1292 42 covered cover VBN 31627 1292 43 by by IN 31627 1292 44 oaks oak NNS 31627 1292 45 , , , 31627 1292 46 which which WDT 31627 1292 47 attain attain VBP 31627 1292 48 to to IN 31627 1292 49 magnificent magnificent JJ 31627 1292 50 proportions proportion NNS 31627 1292 51 along along IN 31627 1292 52 the the DT 31627 1292 53 summit summit NN 31627 1292 54 . . . 31627 1293 1 Numerous numerous JJ 31627 1293 2 other other JJ 31627 1293 3 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1293 4 hills hill NNS 31627 1293 5 occur occur VBP 31627 1293 6 in in IN 31627 1293 7 this this DT 31627 1293 8 district district NN 31627 1293 9 , , , 31627 1293 10 but but CC 31627 1293 11 the the DT 31627 1293 12 most most RBS 31627 1293 13 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1293 14 is be VBZ 31627 1293 15 that that DT 31627 1293 16 called call VBN 31627 1293 17 Tell tell VB 31627 1293 18 el el NNP 31627 1293 19 Farras Farras NNP 31627 1293 20 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1293 21 the the DT 31627 1293 22 Hill Hill NNP 31627 1293 23 of of IN 31627 1293 24 the the DT 31627 1293 25 Horse Horse NNP 31627 1293 26 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1293 27 . . . 31627 1294 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1294 2 is be VBZ 31627 1294 3 an an DT 31627 1294 4 isolated isolate VBN 31627 1294 5 mountain mountain NN 31627 1294 6 , , , 31627 1294 7 visible visible JJ 31627 1294 8 from from IN 31627 1294 9 afar afar RB 31627 1294 10 , , , 31627 1294 11 and and CC 31627 1294 12 reaches reach VBZ 31627 1294 13 an an DT 31627 1294 14 elevation elevation NN 31627 1294 15 of of IN 31627 1294 16 3110 3110 CD 31627 1294 17 feet foot NNS 31627 1294 18 , , , 31627 1294 19 or or CC 31627 1294 20 nearly nearly RB 31627 1294 21 800 800 CD 31627 1294 22 feet foot NNS 31627 1294 23 above above IN 31627 1294 24 the the DT 31627 1294 25 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1294 26 plain plain NN 31627 1294 27 . . . 31627 1295 1 The the DT 31627 1295 2 oval oval JJ 31627 1295 3 crater crater NN 31627 1295 4 of of IN 31627 1295 5 this this DT 31627 1295 6 volcano volcano NN 31627 1295 7 opens open VBZ 31627 1295 8 towards towards IN 31627 1295 9 the the DT 31627 1295 10 north north NN 31627 1295 11 , , , 31627 1295 12 and and CC 31627 1295 13 has have VBZ 31627 1295 14 a a DT 31627 1295 15 depth depth NN 31627 1295 16 of of IN 31627 1295 17 108 108 CD 31627 1295 18 feet foot NNS 31627 1295 19 below below IN 31627 1295 20 the the DT 31627 1295 21 edge edge NN 31627 1295 22 , , , 31627 1295 23 with with IN 31627 1295 24 moderately moderately RB 31627 1295 25 steep steep JJ 31627 1295 26 sloping sloping NN 31627 1295 27 sides side NNS 31627 1295 28 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1295 29 17 17 CD 31627 1295 30 ° ° NNS 31627 1295 31 -32 -32 NNP 31627 1295 32 ° ° NNS 31627 1295 33 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1295 34 , , , 31627 1295 35 while while IN 31627 1295 36 the the DT 31627 1295 37 slope slope NN 31627 1295 38 of of IN 31627 1295 39 the the DT 31627 1295 40 exterior exterior NN 31627 1295 41 , , , 31627 1295 42 at at IN 31627 1295 43 first first JJ 31627 1295 44 steep steep NNP 31627 1295 45 , , , 31627 1295 46 gradually gradually RB 31627 1295 47 lessens lessen VBZ 31627 1295 48 to to IN 31627 1295 49 20 20 CD 31627 1295 50 ° ° NNS 31627 1295 51 -21 -21 NNP 31627 1295 52 ° ° NNS 31627 1295 53 . . . 31627 1296 1 These these DT 31627 1296 2 slopes slope NNS 31627 1296 3 are be VBP 31627 1296 4 covered cover VBN 31627 1296 5 with with IN 31627 1296 6 reddish reddish JJ 31627 1296 7 or or CC 31627 1296 8 yellowish yellowish JJ 31627 1296 9 slag slag NN 31627 1296 10 . . . 31627 1297 1 The the DT 31627 1297 2 above above JJ 31627 1297 3 examples example NNS 31627 1297 4 will will MD 31627 1297 5 probably probably RB 31627 1297 6 suffice suffice VB 31627 1297 7 to to TO 31627 1297 8 afford afford VB 31627 1297 9 the the DT 31627 1297 10 reader reader NN 31627 1297 11 a a DT 31627 1297 12 general general JJ 31627 1297 13 idea idea NN 31627 1297 14 of of IN 31627 1297 15 the the DT 31627 1297 16 size size NN 31627 1297 17 and and CC 31627 1297 18 form form NN 31627 1297 19 of of IN 31627 1297 20 the the DT 31627 1297 21 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1297 22 in in IN 31627 1297 23 this this DT 31627 1297 24 little little JJ 31627 1297 25 known know VBN 31627 1297 26 region region NN 31627 1297 27 . . . 31627 1298 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1298 2 has have VBZ 31627 1298 3 been be VBN 31627 1298 4 stated state VBN 31627 1298 5 above above IN 31627 1298 6 that that IN 31627 1298 7 the the DT 31627 1298 8 great great JJ 31627 1298 9 lava lava NN 31627 1298 10 - - HYPH 31627 1298 11 floods flood NNS 31627 1298 12 have have VBP 31627 1298 13 probably probably RB 31627 1298 14 been be VBN 31627 1298 15 poured pour VBN 31627 1298 16 forth forth RP 31627 1298 17 intermittently intermittently RB 31627 1298 18 . . . 31627 1299 1 The the DT 31627 1299 2 statement statement NN 31627 1299 3 receives receive VBZ 31627 1299 4 confirmation confirmation NN 31627 1299 5 from from IN 31627 1299 6 the the DT 31627 1299 7 observations observation NNS 31627 1299 8 of of IN 31627 1299 9 Canon Canon NNP 31627 1299 10 Tristram Tristram NNP 31627 1299 11 , , , 31627 1299 12 made make VBN 31627 1299 13 in in IN 31627 1299 14 the the DT 31627 1299 15 valley valley NN 31627 1299 16 of of IN 31627 1299 17 the the DT 31627 1299 18 Yarmûk Yarmûk NNP 31627 1299 19 . . . 31627 1300 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1300 2 8 8 LS 31627 1300 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1300 4 This this DT 31627 1300 5 impetuous impetuous JJ 31627 1300 6 torrent torrent NN 31627 1300 7 rushes rush VBZ 31627 1300 8 down down RB 31627 1300 9 a a DT 31627 1300 10 gorge gorge NN 31627 1300 11 , , , 31627 1300 12 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1300 13 having have VBG 31627 1300 14 limestone limestone NN 31627 1300 15 on on IN 31627 1300 16 one one CD 31627 1300 17 side side NN 31627 1300 18 and and CC 31627 1300 19 a a DT 31627 1300 20 wall wall NN 31627 1300 21 of of IN 31627 1300 22 basalt basalt NN 31627 1300 23 on on IN 31627 1300 24 the the DT 31627 1300 25 other other JJ 31627 1300 26 . . . 31627 1301 1 This this DT 31627 1301 2 is be VBZ 31627 1301 3 due due JJ 31627 1301 4 to to IN 31627 1301 5 the the DT 31627 1301 6 fact fact NN 31627 1301 7 that that IN 31627 1301 8 the the DT 31627 1301 9 river river NN 31627 1301 10 channel channel NN 31627 1301 11 had have VBD 31627 1301 12 been be VBN 31627 1301 13 eroded erode VBN 31627 1301 14 before before IN 31627 1301 15 the the DT 31627 1301 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1301 17 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1301 18 had have VBD 31627 1301 19 commenced commence VBN 31627 1301 20 ; ; : 31627 1301 21 but but CC 31627 1301 22 on on IN 31627 1301 23 the the DT 31627 1301 24 lava lava NN 31627 1301 25 - - HYPH 31627 1301 26 stream stream NN 31627 1301 27 reaching reach VBG 31627 1301 28 the the DT 31627 1301 29 channel channel NN 31627 1301 30 , , , 31627 1301 31 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1301 32 naturally naturally RB 31627 1301 33 descended descend VBD 31627 1301 34 towards towards IN 31627 1301 35 the the DT 31627 1301 36 valley valley NN 31627 1301 37 of of IN 31627 1301 38 the the DT 31627 1301 39 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1301 40 along along IN 31627 1301 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1301 42 bed bed NN 31627 1301 43 , , , 31627 1301 44 displacing displace VBG 31627 1301 45 the the DT 31627 1301 46 river river NN 31627 1301 47 , , , 31627 1301 48 or or CC 31627 1301 49 converting convert VBG 31627 1301 50 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1301 51 into into IN 31627 1301 52 clouds cloud NNS 31627 1301 53 of of IN 31627 1301 54 steam steam NN 31627 1301 55 . . . 31627 1302 1 Subsequently subsequently RB 31627 1302 2 the the DT 31627 1302 3 river river NN 31627 1302 4 again again RB 31627 1302 5 hewed hew VBD 31627 1302 6 out out RP 31627 1302 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1302 8 channel channel NN 31627 1302 9 , , , 31627 1302 10 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1302 11 in in IN 31627 1302 12 the the DT 31627 1302 13 lava lava NN 31627 1302 14 , , , 31627 1302 15 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1302 16 between between IN 31627 1302 17 this this DT 31627 1302 18 rock rock NN 31627 1302 19 and and CC 31627 1302 20 the the DT 31627 1302 21 chalky chalky NNP 31627 1302 22 limestone limestone NN 31627 1302 23 . . . 31627 1303 1 But but CC 31627 1303 2 , , , 31627 1303 3 in in IN 31627 1303 4 addition addition NN 31627 1303 5 to to IN 31627 1303 6 this this DT 31627 1303 7 , , , 31627 1303 8 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1303 9 has have VBZ 31627 1303 10 been be VBN 31627 1303 11 observed observe VBN 31627 1303 12 that that IN 31627 1303 13 there there EX 31627 1303 14 is be VBZ 31627 1303 15 a a DT 31627 1303 16 bed bed NN 31627 1303 17 of of IN 31627 1303 18 river river NN 31627 1303 19 gravel gravel NN 31627 1303 20 interposed interpose VBD 31627 1303 21 between between IN 31627 1303 22 two two CD 31627 1303 23 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1303 24 of of IN 31627 1303 25 basalt basalt NN 31627 1303 26 in in IN 31627 1303 27 the the DT 31627 1303 28 Yarmûk Yarmûk NNP 31627 1303 29 ravine ravine NN 31627 1303 30 ; ; : 31627 1303 31 showing show VBG 31627 1303 32 that that IN 31627 1303 33 after after IN 31627 1303 34 the the DT 31627 1303 35 first first JJ 31627 1303 36 flow flow NN 31627 1303 37 of of IN 31627 1303 38 that that DT 31627 1303 39 molten molten JJ 31627 1303 40 rock rock NN 31627 1303 41 the the DT 31627 1303 42 river river NN 31627 1303 43 reoccupied reoccupie VBD 31627 1303 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1303 45 channel channel NN 31627 1303 46 , , , 31627 1303 47 which which WDT 31627 1303 48 was be VBD 31627 1303 49 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 1303 50 invaded invade VBN 31627 1303 51 by by IN 31627 1303 52 another another DT 31627 1303 53 molten molten JJ 31627 1303 54 lava lava NN 31627 1303 55 - - HYPH 31627 1303 56 stream stream NN 31627 1303 57 , , , 31627 1303 58 into into IN 31627 1303 59 which which WDT 31627 1303 60 the the DT 31627 1303 61 waters water NNS 31627 1303 62 have have VBP 31627 1303 63 again again RB 31627 1303 64 furrowed furrow VBN 31627 1303 65 the the DT 31627 1303 66 channel channel NN 31627 1303 67 which which WDT 31627 1303 68 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1303 69 now now RB 31627 1303 70 occupy occupy VBP 31627 1303 71 . . . 31627 1304 1 The the DT 31627 1304 2 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1304 3 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1304 4 descend descend VBP 31627 1304 5 under under IN 31627 1304 6 the the DT 31627 1304 7 waters water NNS 31627 1304 8 of of IN 31627 1304 9 the the DT 31627 1304 10 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1304 11 of of IN 31627 1304 12 Galilee Galilee NNP 31627 1304 13 on on IN 31627 1304 14 the the DT 31627 1304 15 east east JJ 31627 1304 16 side side NN 31627 1304 17 , , , 31627 1304 18 and and CC 31627 1304 19 were be VBD 31627 1304 20 probably probably RB 31627 1304 21 connected connect VBN 31627 1304 22 with with IN 31627 1304 23 those those DT 31627 1304 24 of of IN 31627 1304 25 Safed Safed NNP 31627 1304 26 , , , 31627 1304 27 crossing cross VBG 31627 1304 28 the the DT 31627 1304 29 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1304 30 valley valley NN 31627 1304 31 north north NN 31627 1304 32 of of IN 31627 1304 33 that that DT 31627 1304 34 lake lake NN 31627 1304 35 ; ; : 31627 1304 36 owing owe VBG 31627 1304 37 to to IN 31627 1304 38 this this DT 31627 1304 39 the the DT 31627 1304 40 waters water NNS 31627 1304 41 of of IN 31627 1304 42 the the DT 31627 1304 43 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1304 44 of of IN 31627 1304 45 Merom Merom NNP 31627 1304 46 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1304 47 Huleh Huleh NNP 31627 1304 48 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1304 49 were be VBD 31627 1304 50 pent pen VBN 31627 1304 51 up up RP 31627 1304 52 , , , 31627 1304 53 and and CC 31627 1304 54 formerly formerly RB 31627 1304 55 covered cover VBD 31627 1304 56 an an DT 31627 1304 57 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1304 58 tract tract NN 31627 1304 59 , , , 31627 1304 60 now now RB 31627 1304 61 formed form VBN 31627 1304 62 of of IN 31627 1304 63 alluvial alluvial JJ 31627 1304 64 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1304 65 . . . 31627 1305 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1305 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1305 3 d. d. NNP 31627 1305 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1305 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1305 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1305 7 Land Land NNP 31627 1305 8 of of IN 31627 1305 9 Moab._--Proceeding Moab._--Proceeding NNP 31627 1305 10 southwards southwards RB 31627 1305 11 into into IN 31627 1305 12 the the DT 31627 1305 13 Land Land NNP 31627 1305 14 of of IN 31627 1305 15 Moab Moab NNP 31627 1305 16 , , , 31627 1305 17 the the DT 31627 1305 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1305 19 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1305 20 are be VBP 31627 1305 21 here here RB 31627 1305 22 of of IN 31627 1305 23 great great JJ 31627 1305 24 interest interest NN 31627 1305 25 . . . 31627 1306 1 Extensive extensive JJ 31627 1306 2 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1306 3 of of IN 31627 1306 4 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1306 5 lava lava NN 31627 1306 6 , , , 31627 1306 7 described describe VBD 31627 1306 8 as as IN 31627 1306 9 far far RB 31627 1306 10 back back RB 31627 1306 11 as as IN 31627 1306 12 1807 1807 CD 31627 1306 13 by by IN 31627 1306 14 Seetzen Seetzen NNP 31627 1306 15 , , , 31627 1306 16 and and CC 31627 1306 17 more more RBR 31627 1306 18 recently recently RB 31627 1306 19 by by IN 31627 1306 20 Lartet Lartet NNP 31627 1306 21 and and CC 31627 1306 22 Tristram Tristram NNP 31627 1306 23 , , , 31627 1306 24 are be VBP 31627 1306 25 found find VBN 31627 1306 26 at at IN 31627 1306 27 intervals interval NNS 31627 1306 28 between between IN 31627 1306 29 the the DT 31627 1306 30 Wâdies Wâdies NNPS 31627 1306 31 Mojib Mojib NNP 31627 1306 32 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1306 33 Arnon Arnon NNP 31627 1306 34 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1306 35 and and CC 31627 1306 36 Haidan Haidan NNP 31627 1306 37 . . . 31627 1307 1 On on IN 31627 1307 2 either either DT 31627 1307 3 side side NN 31627 1307 4 of of IN 31627 1307 5 the the DT 31627 1307 6 Mojib Mojib NNP 31627 1307 7 , , , 31627 1307 8 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1307 9 of of IN 31627 1307 10 columnar columnar JJ 31627 1307 11 basalt basalt NN 31627 1307 12 are be VBP 31627 1307 13 seen see VBN 31627 1307 14 capping cap VBG 31627 1307 15 the the DT 31627 1307 16 beds bed NNS 31627 1307 17 of of IN 31627 1307 18 white white JJ 31627 1307 19 Cretaceous cretaceous JJ 31627 1307 20 limestone limestone NN 31627 1307 21 , , , 31627 1307 22 while while IN 31627 1307 23 a a DT 31627 1307 24 large large JJ 31627 1307 25 mass mass NN 31627 1307 26 has have VBZ 31627 1307 27 descended descend VBN 31627 1307 28 into into IN 31627 1307 29 the the DT 31627 1307 30 W. W. NNP 31627 1307 31 Haidan Haidan NNP 31627 1307 32 between between IN 31627 1307 33 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1307 34 of of IN 31627 1307 35 limestone limestone NN 31627 1307 36 and and CC 31627 1307 37 marl marl NNP 31627 1307 38 on on IN 31627 1307 39 either either DT 31627 1307 40 hand hand NN 31627 1307 41 . . . 31627 1308 1 Around around IN 31627 1308 2 Jebel Jebel NNP 31627 1308 3 Attarus Attarus NNP 31627 1308 4 -- -- : 31627 1308 5 a a DT 31627 1308 6 dome dome NN 31627 1308 7 - - HYPH 31627 1308 8 shaped shape VBN 31627 1308 9 hill hill NN 31627 1308 10 of of IN 31627 1308 11 limestone limestone NNP 31627 1308 12 -- -- : 31627 1308 13 a a DT 31627 1308 14 sheet sheet NN 31627 1308 15 of of IN 31627 1308 16 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1308 17 lava lava NN 31627 1308 18 has have VBZ 31627 1308 19 been be VBN 31627 1308 20 poured pour VBN 31627 1308 21 , , , 31627 1308 22 and and CC 31627 1308 23 has have VBZ 31627 1308 24 descended descend VBN 31627 1308 25 the the DT 31627 1308 26 deep deep JJ 31627 1308 27 gorge gorge NN 31627 1308 28 of of IN 31627 1308 29 the the DT 31627 1308 30 Zerka Zerka NNP 31627 1308 31 Maïn Maïn NNP 31627 1308 32 , , , 31627 1308 33 which which WDT 31627 1308 34 enters enter VBZ 31627 1308 35 the the DT 31627 1308 36 Dead Dead NNP 31627 1308 37 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1308 38 some some DT 31627 1308 39 2000 2000 CD 31627 1308 40 feet foot NNS 31627 1308 41 below below RB 31627 1308 42 . . . 31627 1309 1 This this DT 31627 1309 2 gorge gorge NN 31627 1309 3 had have VBD 31627 1309 4 been be VBN 31627 1309 5 eroded erode VBN 31627 1309 6 before before IN 31627 1309 7 the the DT 31627 1309 8 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1309 9 eruption eruption NN 31627 1309 10 , , , 31627 1309 11 so so IN 31627 1309 12 that that IN 31627 1309 13 the the DT 31627 1309 14 stream stream NN 31627 1309 15 of of IN 31627 1309 16 molten molten JJ 31627 1309 17 lava lava NN 31627 1309 18 took take VBD 31627 1309 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1309 20 course course NN 31627 1309 21 down down IN 31627 1309 22 the the DT 31627 1309 23 bed bed NN 31627 1309 24 of of IN 31627 1309 25 this this DT 31627 1309 26 stream stream NN 31627 1309 27 to to IN 31627 1309 28 the the DT 31627 1309 29 water water NN 31627 1309 30 's 's POS 31627 1309 31 edge edge NN 31627 1309 32 , , , 31627 1309 33 and and CC 31627 1309 34 grand grand JJ 31627 1309 35 sections section NNS 31627 1309 36 have have VBP 31627 1309 37 been be VBN 31627 1309 38 laid lay VBN 31627 1309 39 bare bare JJ 31627 1309 40 by by IN 31627 1309 41 subsequent subsequent JJ 31627 1309 42 erosion erosion NN 31627 1309 43 along along IN 31627 1309 44 the the DT 31627 1309 45 banks bank NNS 31627 1309 46 . . . 31627 1310 1 Pentagonal pentagonal JJ 31627 1310 2 columns column NNS 31627 1310 3 of of IN 31627 1310 4 black black JJ 31627 1310 5 basalt basalt NN 31627 1310 6 form form NN 31627 1310 7 perpendicular perpendicular JJ 31627 1310 8 walls wall NNS 31627 1310 9 , , , 31627 1310 10 first first RB 31627 1310 11 on on IN 31627 1310 12 one one CD 31627 1310 13 side side NN 31627 1310 14 , , , 31627 1310 15 then then RB 31627 1310 16 on on IN 31627 1310 17 the the DT 31627 1310 18 other other JJ 31627 1310 19 ; ; : 31627 1310 20 while while IN 31627 1310 21 considerable considerable JJ 31627 1310 22 masses masse NNS 31627 1310 23 of of IN 31627 1310 24 scoriæ scoriæ NN 31627 1310 25 , , , 31627 1310 26 peperino peperino JJ 31627 1310 27 , , , 31627 1310 28 and and CC 31627 1310 29 breccia breccia NNP 31627 1310 30 appear appear VBP 31627 1310 31 at at IN 31627 1310 32 the the DT 31627 1310 33 head head NN 31627 1310 34 of of IN 31627 1310 35 the the DT 31627 1310 36 glen glen NNP 31627 1310 37 , , , 31627 1310 38 probably probably RB 31627 1310 39 marking mark VBG 31627 1310 40 the the DT 31627 1310 41 orifice orifice NN 31627 1310 42 of of IN 31627 1310 43 eruption eruption NN 31627 1310 44 . . . 31627 1311 1 Other other JJ 31627 1311 2 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1311 3 of of IN 31627 1311 4 basalt basalt NN 31627 1311 5 occur occur NN 31627 1311 6 , , , 31627 1311 7 one one CD 31627 1311 8 at at IN 31627 1311 9 Mountar Mountar NNP 31627 1311 10 ez ez NNP 31627 1311 11 Zara Zara NNP 31627 1311 12 , , , 31627 1311 13 to to IN 31627 1311 14 the the DT 31627 1311 15 south south NN 31627 1311 16 of of IN 31627 1311 17 Zerka Zerka NNP 31627 1311 18 Maïn Maïn NNP 31627 1311 19 , , , 31627 1311 20 and and CC 31627 1311 21 another another DT 31627 1311 22 at at IN 31627 1311 23 Wady Wady NNP 31627 1311 24 Ghuweir Ghuweir NNP 31627 1311 25 , , , 31627 1311 26 near near IN 31627 1311 27 the the DT 31627 1311 28 north north JJ 31627 1311 29 - - HYPH 31627 1311 30 eastern eastern JJ 31627 1311 31 end end NN 31627 1311 32 of of IN 31627 1311 33 the the DT 31627 1311 34 Dead Dead NNP 31627 1311 35 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1311 36 . . . 31627 1312 1 There there EX 31627 1312 2 are be VBP 31627 1312 3 no no DT 31627 1312 4 lava lava NN 31627 1312 5 - - HYPH 31627 1312 6 streams stream NNS 31627 1312 7 on on IN 31627 1312 8 the the DT 31627 1312 9 western western JJ 31627 1312 10 side side NN 31627 1312 11 of of IN 31627 1312 12 the the DT 31627 1312 13 Ghor Ghor NNP 31627 1312 14 , , , 31627 1312 15 or or CC 31627 1312 16 of of IN 31627 1312 17 the the DT 31627 1312 18 Dead Dead NNP 31627 1312 19 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1312 20 . . . 31627 1313 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1313 2 9 9 CD 31627 1313 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1313 4 The the DT 31627 1313 5 outburst outburst NN 31627 1313 6 of of IN 31627 1313 7 the the DT 31627 1313 8 celebrated celebrated JJ 31627 1313 9 thermal thermal JJ 31627 1313 10 springs spring NNS 31627 1313 11 of of IN 31627 1313 12 Callirrhoë Callirrhoë NNP 31627 1313 13 , , , 31627 1313 14 together together RB 31627 1313 15 with with IN 31627 1313 16 nine nine CD 31627 1313 17 or or CC 31627 1313 18 ten ten CD 31627 1313 19 others other NNS 31627 1313 20 , , , 31627 1313 21 along along IN 31627 1313 22 the the DT 31627 1313 23 channel channel NN 31627 1313 24 of of IN 31627 1313 25 the the DT 31627 1313 26 Zerka Zerka NNP 31627 1313 27 Maïn Maïn NNP 31627 1313 28 , , , 31627 1313 29 is be VBZ 31627 1313 30 a a DT 31627 1313 31 circumstance circumstance NN 31627 1313 32 which which WDT 31627 1313 33 can can MD 31627 1313 34 not not RB 31627 1313 35 be be VB 31627 1313 36 dissociated dissociate VBN 31627 1313 37 from from IN 31627 1313 38 the the DT 31627 1313 39 occurrence occurrence NN 31627 1313 40 of of IN 31627 1313 41 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1313 42 lava lava NN 31627 1313 43 at at IN 31627 1313 44 this this DT 31627 1313 45 spot spot NN 31627 1313 46 . . . 31627 1314 1 In in IN 31627 1314 2 a a DT 31627 1314 3 reach reach NN 31627 1314 4 of of IN 31627 1314 5 three three CD 31627 1314 6 miles mile NNS 31627 1314 7 , , , 31627 1314 8 according accord VBG 31627 1314 9 to to IN 31627 1314 10 Tristram Tristram NNP 31627 1314 11 , , , 31627 1314 12 there there EX 31627 1314 13 are be VBP 31627 1314 14 ten ten CD 31627 1314 15 principal principal JJ 31627 1314 16 springs spring NNS 31627 1314 17 , , , 31627 1314 18 of of IN 31627 1314 19 which which WDT 31627 1314 20 the the DT 31627 1314 21 fifth fifth JJ 31627 1314 22 in in IN 31627 1314 23 descent descent NN 31627 1314 24 is be VBZ 31627 1314 25 the the DT 31627 1314 26 largest large JJS 31627 1314 27 ; ; : 31627 1314 28 but but CC 31627 1314 29 the the DT 31627 1314 30 seventh seventh JJ 31627 1314 31 and and CC 31627 1314 32 eighth eighth JJ 31627 1314 33 , , , 31627 1314 34 about about RB 31627 1314 35 half half PDT 31627 1314 36 a a DT 31627 1314 37 mile mile NN 31627 1314 38 lower low JJR 31627 1314 39 down down RB 31627 1314 40 , , , 31627 1314 41 are be VBP 31627 1314 42 the the DT 31627 1314 43 most most RBS 31627 1314 44 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1314 45 , , , 31627 1314 46 giving give VBG 31627 1314 47 forth forth RP 31627 1314 48 large large JJ 31627 1314 49 supplies supply NNS 31627 1314 50 of of IN 31627 1314 51 sulphurous sulphurous JJ 31627 1314 52 water water NN 31627 1314 53 . . . 31627 1315 1 The the DT 31627 1315 2 tenth tenth JJ 31627 1315 3 and and CC 31627 1315 4 last last JJ 31627 1315 5 is be VBZ 31627 1315 6 the the DT 31627 1315 7 hottest hot JJS 31627 1315 8 of of IN 31627 1315 9 all all DT 31627 1315 10 , , , 31627 1315 11 indicating indicate VBG 31627 1315 12 a a DT 31627 1315 13 temperature temperature NN 31627 1315 14 of of IN 31627 1315 15 143 143 CD 31627 1315 16 ° ° NNS 31627 1315 17 Fahr Fahr NNS 31627 1315 18 . . . 31627 1316 1 Thus thus RB 31627 1316 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1316 3 would would MD 31627 1316 4 appear appear VB 31627 1316 5 that that IN 31627 1316 6 the the DT 31627 1316 7 heat heat NN 31627 1316 8 increases increase VBZ 31627 1316 9 with with IN 31627 1316 10 the the DT 31627 1316 11 depth depth NN 31627 1316 12 from from IN 31627 1316 13 the the DT 31627 1316 14 upper upper JJ 31627 1316 15 surface surface NN 31627 1316 16 of of IN 31627 1316 17 the the DT 31627 1316 18 table table NN 31627 1316 19 - - HYPH 31627 1316 20 land land NN 31627 1316 21 ; ; : 31627 1316 22 a a DT 31627 1316 23 result result NN 31627 1316 24 which which WDT 31627 1316 25 might may MD 31627 1316 26 be be VB 31627 1316 27 expected expect VBN 31627 1316 28 , , , 31627 1316 29 supposing suppose VBG 31627 1316 30 the the DT 31627 1316 31 heated heated JJ 31627 1316 32 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1316 33 rocks rock NNS 31627 1316 34 to to TO 31627 1316 35 be be VB 31627 1316 36 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 1316 37 the the DT 31627 1316 38 source source NN 31627 1316 39 of of IN 31627 1316 40 the the DT 31627 1316 41 high high JJ 31627 1316 42 temperature temperature NN 31627 1316 43 . . . 31627 1317 1 To to IN 31627 1317 2 a a DT 31627 1317 3 similar similar JJ 31627 1317 4 cause cause NN 31627 1317 5 may may MD 31627 1317 6 be be VB 31627 1317 7 attributed attribute VBN 31627 1317 8 the the DT 31627 1317 9 hot hot JJ 31627 1317 10 - - HYPH 31627 1317 11 springs spring NNS 31627 1317 12 of of IN 31627 1317 13 Hammath Hammath NNP 31627 1317 14 , , , 31627 1317 15 near near IN 31627 1317 16 Tiberias Tiberias NNP 31627 1317 17 , , , 31627 1317 18 and and CC 31627 1317 19 those those DT 31627 1317 20 of of IN 31627 1317 21 the the DT 31627 1317 22 Yarmûk Yarmûk NNP 31627 1317 23 near near IN 31627 1317 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1317 25 confluence confluence NN 31627 1317 26 with with IN 31627 1317 27 the the DT 31627 1317 28 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1317 29 . . . 31627 1318 1 Some some DT 31627 1318 2 of of IN 31627 1318 3 these these DT 31627 1318 4 and and CC 31627 1318 5 other other JJ 31627 1318 6 springs spring NNS 31627 1318 7 break break VBP 31627 1318 8 out out RP 31627 1318 9 along along RB 31627 1318 10 , , , 31627 1318 11 or or CC 31627 1318 12 near near RB 31627 1318 13 , , , 31627 1318 14 the the DT 31627 1318 15 line line NN 31627 1318 16 of of IN 31627 1318 17 the the DT 31627 1318 18 great great JJ 31627 1318 19 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1318 20 - - HYPH 31627 1318 21 Arabah Arabah NNP 31627 1318 22 fault fault NN 31627 1318 23 which which WDT 31627 1318 24 ranges range VBZ 31627 1318 25 throughout throughout IN 31627 1318 26 the the DT 31627 1318 27 whole whole JJ 31627 1318 28 extent extent NN 31627 1318 29 of of IN 31627 1318 30 this this DT 31627 1318 31 depression depression NN 31627 1318 32 , , , 31627 1318 33 from from IN 31627 1318 34 the the DT 31627 1318 35 base base NN 31627 1318 36 of of IN 31627 1318 37 Hermon Hermon NNP 31627 1318 38 to to IN 31627 1318 39 the the DT 31627 1318 40 Gulf Gulf NNP 31627 1318 41 of of IN 31627 1318 42 Akabah Akabah NNP 31627 1318 43 , , , 31627 1318 44 generally generally RB 31627 1318 45 keeping keep VBG 31627 1318 46 close close JJ 31627 1318 47 to to IN 31627 1318 48 the the DT 31627 1318 49 eastern eastern JJ 31627 1318 50 margin margin NN 31627 1318 51 of of IN 31627 1318 52 the the DT 31627 1318 53 valley valley NN 31627 1318 54 . . . 31627 1319 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1319 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1319 3 e. e. NNP 31627 1319 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1319 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1319 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1319 7 The the DT 31627 1319 8 Arabian arabian JJ 31627 1319 9 Desert._--The Desert._--The NNP 31627 1319 10 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1319 11 lava lava NN 31627 1319 12 - - HYPH 31627 1319 13 floods flood NNS 31627 1319 14 occupy occupy VBP 31627 1319 15 a a DT 31627 1319 16 very very RB 31627 1319 17 large large JJ 31627 1319 18 extent extent NN 31627 1319 19 of of IN 31627 1319 20 the the DT 31627 1319 21 Arabian Arabian NNP 31627 1319 22 Desert Desert NNP 31627 1319 23 , , , 31627 1319 24 from from IN 31627 1319 25 El El NNP 31627 1319 26 Hisma Hisma NNP 31627 1319 27 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1319 28 lat lat NNP 31627 1319 29 . . . 31627 1320 1 27 27 CD 31627 1320 2 ° ° , 31627 1320 3 35 35 CD 31627 1320 4 ' ' NN 31627 1320 5 N. N. NNP 31627 1320 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1320 7 to to IN 31627 1320 8 the the DT 31627 1320 9 neighbourhood neighbourhood NN 31627 1320 10 of of IN 31627 1320 11 Mecca Mecca NNP 31627 1320 12 on on IN 31627 1320 13 the the DT 31627 1320 14 south south NN 31627 1320 15 , , , 31627 1320 16 a a DT 31627 1320 17 distance distance NN 31627 1320 18 of of IN 31627 1320 19 about about RB 31627 1320 20 440 440 CD 31627 1320 21 miles mile NNS 31627 1320 22 , , , 31627 1320 23 with with IN 31627 1320 24 occasional occasional JJ 31627 1320 25 intervals interval NNS 31627 1320 26 . . . 31627 1321 1 The the DT 31627 1321 2 lava lava NN 31627 1321 3 - - HYPH 31627 1321 4 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1321 5 are be VBP 31627 1321 6 called call VBN 31627 1321 7 " " `` 31627 1321 8 Harras Harras NNP 31627 1321 9 " " '' 31627 1321 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1321 11 or or CC 31627 1321 12 " " `` 31627 1321 13 Harrat Harrat NNP 31627 1321 14 " " '' 31627 1321 15 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1321 16 , , , 31627 1321 17 one one CD 31627 1321 18 of of IN 31627 1321 19 which which WDT 31627 1321 20 , , , 31627 1321 21 Harrat Harrat NNP 31627 1321 22 Sfeina Sfeina NNP 31627 1321 23 , , , 31627 1321 24 terminates terminate VBZ 31627 1321 25 about about RB 31627 1321 26 ten ten CD 31627 1321 27 miles mile NNS 31627 1321 28 north north RB 31627 1321 29 of of IN 31627 1321 30 Mecca Mecca NNP 31627 1321 31 . . . 31627 1322 1 The the DT 31627 1322 2 lava lava NN 31627 1322 3 - - HYPH 31627 1322 4 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1322 5 rest rest NN 31627 1322 6 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1322 7 on on IN 31627 1322 8 the the DT 31627 1322 9 red red JJ 31627 1322 10 sandstone sandstone NNP 31627 1322 11 , , , 31627 1322 12 at at IN 31627 1322 13 other other JJ 31627 1322 14 times time NNS 31627 1322 15 , , , 31627 1322 16 on on IN 31627 1322 17 the the DT 31627 1322 18 granite granite NN 31627 1322 19 and and CC 31627 1322 20 other other JJ 31627 1322 21 crystalline crystalline JJ 31627 1322 22 rocks rock NNS 31627 1322 23 of of IN 31627 1322 24 great great JJ 31627 1322 25 geological geological JJ 31627 1322 26 antiquity antiquity NN 31627 1322 27 . . . 31627 1323 1 In in IN 31627 1323 2 addition addition NN 31627 1323 3 to to IN 31627 1323 4 the the DT 31627 1323 5 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1323 6 of of IN 31627 1323 7 basalt basalt JJ 31627 1323 8 , , , 31627 1323 9 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1323 10 crater crater NN 31627 1323 11 - - HYPH 31627 1323 12 cones cone NNS 31627 1323 13 rise rise NN 31627 1323 14 from from IN 31627 1323 15 the the DT 31627 1323 16 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1323 17 platform platform NN 31627 1323 18 at at IN 31627 1323 19 a a DT 31627 1323 20 level level NN 31627 1323 21 of of IN 31627 1323 22 5000 5000 CD 31627 1323 23 feet foot NNS 31627 1323 24 above above IN 31627 1323 25 the the DT 31627 1323 26 sea sea NN 31627 1323 27 , , , 31627 1323 28 and and CC 31627 1323 29 two two CD 31627 1323 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1323 31 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1323 32 , , , 31627 1323 33 rising rise VBG 31627 1323 34 far far RB 31627 1323 35 to to IN 31627 1323 36 the the DT 31627 1323 37 west west NN 31627 1323 38 of of IN 31627 1323 39 the the DT 31627 1323 40 principal principal JJ 31627 1323 41 range range NN 31627 1323 42 , , , 31627 1323 43 called call VBD 31627 1323 44 respectively respectively RB 31627 1323 45 Harrât Harrât NNP 31627 1323 46 Jeheyma Jeheyma NNP 31627 1323 47 and and CC 31627 1323 48 H. H. NNP 31627 1323 49 Rodwa Rodwa NNP 31627 1323 50 , , , 31627 1323 51 almost almost RB 31627 1323 52 overlook overlook VBP 31627 1323 53 the the DT 31627 1323 54 coast coast NN 31627 1323 55 of of IN 31627 1323 56 the the DT 31627 1323 57 Red Red NNP 31627 1323 58 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1323 59 . . . 31627 1324 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1324 2 10 10 CD 31627 1324 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1324 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1324 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1324 6 f. f. NNP 31627 1324 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1324 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1324 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1324 10 Age Age NNP 31627 1324 11 of of IN 31627 1324 12 the the DT 31627 1324 13 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1324 14 Eruptions._--It eruptions._--it NN 31627 1324 15 is be VBZ 31627 1324 16 very very RB 31627 1324 17 clear clear JJ 31627 1324 18 that that IN 31627 1324 19 the the DT 31627 1324 20 first first JJ 31627 1324 21 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1324 22 , , , 31627 1324 23 producing produce VBG 31627 1324 24 the the DT 31627 1324 25 great great JJ 31627 1324 26 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1324 27 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1324 28 of of IN 31627 1324 29 Moab Moab NNP 31627 1324 30 and and CC 31627 1324 31 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1324 32 , , , 31627 1324 33 occurred occur VBD 31627 1324 34 after after IN 31627 1324 35 the the DT 31627 1324 36 principal principal JJ 31627 1324 37 features feature NNS 31627 1324 38 of of IN 31627 1324 39 the the DT 31627 1324 40 country country NN 31627 1324 41 had have VBD 31627 1324 42 been be VBN 31627 1324 43 developed develop VBN 31627 1324 44 . . . 31627 1325 1 The the DT 31627 1325 2 depression depression NN 31627 1325 3 of of IN 31627 1325 4 the the DT 31627 1325 5 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1325 6 - - HYPH 31627 1325 7 Arabah Arabah NNP 31627 1325 8 valley valley NN 31627 1325 9 , , , 31627 1325 10 the the DT 31627 1325 11 elevation elevation NN 31627 1325 12 of of IN 31627 1325 13 the the DT 31627 1325 14 eastern eastern JJ 31627 1325 15 side side NN 31627 1325 16 of of IN 31627 1325 17 this this DT 31627 1325 18 valley valley NN 31627 1325 19 along along IN 31627 1325 20 the the DT 31627 1325 21 great great JJ 31627 1325 22 fault fault NN 31627 1325 23 line line NN 31627 1325 24 , , , 31627 1325 25 and and CC 31627 1325 26 the the DT 31627 1325 27 channels channel NNS 31627 1325 28 of of IN 31627 1325 29 the the DT 31627 1325 30 principal principal JJ 31627 1325 31 tributary tributary NN 31627 1325 32 streams stream NNS 31627 1325 33 , , , 31627 1325 34 such such JJ 31627 1325 35 as as IN 31627 1325 36 those those DT 31627 1325 37 of of IN 31627 1325 38 the the DT 31627 1325 39 Yarmûk Yarmûk NNP 31627 1325 40 and and CC 31627 1325 41 Zerka Zerka NNP 31627 1325 42 Maïn Maïn NNP 31627 1325 43 , , , 31627 1325 44 all all PDT 31627 1325 45 these these DT 31627 1325 46 had have VBD 31627 1325 47 been be VBN 31627 1325 48 eroded erode VBN 31627 1325 49 out out RP 31627 1325 50 before before IN 31627 1325 51 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1325 52 were be VBD 31627 1325 53 invaded invade VBN 31627 1325 54 by by IN 31627 1325 55 the the DT 31627 1325 56 molten molten JJ 31627 1325 57 streams stream NNS 31627 1325 58 of of IN 31627 1325 59 lava lava NN 31627 1325 60 . . . 31627 1326 1 Now now RB 31627 1326 2 , , , 31627 1326 3 as as IN 31627 1326 4 these these DT 31627 1326 5 physical physical JJ 31627 1326 6 features feature NNS 31627 1326 7 were be VBD 31627 1326 8 developed develop VBN 31627 1326 9 and and CC 31627 1326 10 sculptured sculpture VBD 31627 1326 11 out out RP 31627 1326 12 during during IN 31627 1326 13 the the DT 31627 1326 14 Miocene miocene JJ 31627 1326 15 period period NN 31627 1326 16 , , , 31627 1326 17 as as IN 31627 1326 18 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1326 19 have have VBP 31627 1326 20 elsewhere elsewhere RB 31627 1326 21 shown show VBN 31627 1326 22 to to TO 31627 1326 23 be be VB 31627 1326 24 the the DT 31627 1326 25 case,[11 case,[11 NN 31627 1326 26 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1326 27 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1326 28 may may MD 31627 1326 29 with with IN 31627 1326 30 great great JJ 31627 1326 31 probability probability NN 31627 1326 32 refer refer VB 31627 1326 33 the the DT 31627 1326 34 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1326 35 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1326 36 to to IN 31627 1326 37 the the DT 31627 1326 38 geological geological JJ 31627 1326 39 epoch epoch NN 31627 1326 40 following follow VBG 31627 1326 41 -- -- : 31627 1326 42 namely namely RB 31627 1326 43 , , , 31627 1326 44 the the DT 31627 1326 45 Pliocene Pliocene NNP 31627 1326 46 . . . 31627 1327 1 How how WRB 31627 1327 2 far far RB 31627 1327 3 downwards downwards RB 31627 1327 4 towards towards IN 31627 1327 5 the the DT 31627 1327 6 historic historic JJ 31627 1327 7 period period NN 31627 1327 8 the the DT 31627 1327 9 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1327 10 continued continue VBN 31627 1327 11 is be VBZ 31627 1327 12 not not RB 31627 1327 13 so so RB 31627 1327 14 certain certain JJ 31627 1327 15 . . . 31627 1328 1 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1328 2 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 1328 3 , , , 31627 1328 4 quoting quote VBG 31627 1328 5 several several JJ 31627 1328 6 passages passage NNS 31627 1328 7 from from IN 31627 1328 8 the the DT 31627 1328 9 Old Old NNP 31627 1328 10 Testament Testament NNP 31627 1328 11 prophets,[12 prophets,[12 NNP 31627 1328 12 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1328 13 says say VBZ 31627 1328 14 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1328 15 might may MD 31627 1328 16 be be VB 31627 1328 17 inferred infer VBN 31627 1328 18 that that IN 31627 1328 19 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1328 20 were be VBD 31627 1328 21 in in IN 31627 1328 22 activity activity NN 31627 1328 23 even even RB 31627 1328 24 so so RB 31627 1328 25 late late RB 31627 1328 26 as as IN 31627 1328 27 to to TO 31627 1328 28 admit admit VB 31627 1328 29 of of IN 31627 1328 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1328 31 being be VBG 31627 1328 32 included include VBN 31627 1328 33 within within IN 31627 1328 34 the the DT 31627 1328 35 limits limit NNS 31627 1328 36 of of IN 31627 1328 37 authentic authentic JJ 31627 1328 38 history history NN 31627 1328 39 . . . 31627 1329 1 The the DT 31627 1329 2 poetic poetic JJ 31627 1329 3 language language NN 31627 1329 4 and and CC 31627 1329 5 imagery imagery NN 31627 1329 6 used use VBN 31627 1329 7 in in IN 31627 1329 8 these these DT 31627 1329 9 passages passage NNS 31627 1329 10 by by IN 31627 1329 11 the the DT 31627 1329 12 prophets prophet NNS 31627 1329 13 certainly certainly RB 31627 1329 14 lends lend VBZ 31627 1329 15 a a DT 31627 1329 16 probability probability NN 31627 1329 17 to to IN 31627 1329 18 this this DT 31627 1329 19 view view NN 31627 1329 20 , , , 31627 1329 21 but but CC 31627 1329 22 nothing nothing NN 31627 1329 23 more more JJR 31627 1329 24 . . . 31627 1330 1 On on IN 31627 1330 2 the the DT 31627 1330 3 other other JJ 31627 1330 4 hand hand NN 31627 1330 5 , , , 31627 1330 6 these these DT 31627 1330 7 regions region NNS 31627 1330 8 have have VBP 31627 1330 9 suffered suffer VBN 31627 1330 10 through through IN 31627 1330 11 many many JJ 31627 1330 12 centuries century NNS 31627 1330 13 from from IN 31627 1330 14 the the DT 31627 1330 15 secondary secondary JJ 31627 1330 16 effects effect NNS 31627 1330 17 of of IN 31627 1330 18 seismic seismic JJ 31627 1330 19 action action NN 31627 1330 20 and and CC 31627 1330 21 subterranean subterranean JJ 31627 1330 22 forces force NNS 31627 1330 23 , , , 31627 1330 24 and and CC 31627 1330 25 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 1330 26 shocks shock NNS 31627 1330 27 have have VBP 31627 1330 28 laid lay VBN 31627 1330 29 in in RP 31627 1330 30 ruins ruin NNS 31627 1330 31 the the DT 31627 1330 32 great great JJ 31627 1330 33 temples temple NNS 31627 1330 34 and and CC 31627 1330 35 palaces palace NNS 31627 1330 36 of of IN 31627 1330 37 Palmyra Palmyra NNP 31627 1330 38 , , , 31627 1330 39 Baalbec Baalbec NNP 31627 1330 40 , , , 31627 1330 41 and and CC 31627 1330 42 other other JJ 31627 1330 43 cities city NNS 31627 1330 44 of of IN 31627 1330 45 antiquity antiquity NN 31627 1330 46 . . . 31627 1331 1 The the DT 31627 1331 2 same same JJ 31627 1331 3 uncertainty uncertainty NN 31627 1331 4 regarding regard VBG 31627 1331 5 the the DT 31627 1331 6 time time NN 31627 1331 7 at at IN 31627 1331 8 which which WDT 31627 1331 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1331 10 action action NN 31627 1331 11 died die VBD 31627 1331 12 out out RP 31627 1331 13 , , , 31627 1331 14 with with IN 31627 1331 15 reference reference NN 31627 1331 16 to to IN 31627 1331 17 the the DT 31627 1331 18 appearance appearance NN 31627 1331 19 of of IN 31627 1331 20 man man NN 31627 1331 21 on on IN 31627 1331 22 the the DT 31627 1331 23 scene scene NN 31627 1331 24 , , , 31627 1331 25 hangs hang VBZ 31627 1331 26 over over IN 31627 1331 27 the the DT 31627 1331 28 region region NN 31627 1331 29 of of IN 31627 1331 30 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1331 31 and and CC 31627 1331 32 Syria Syria NNP 31627 1331 33 , , , 31627 1331 34 as as IN 31627 1331 35 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1331 36 have have VBP 31627 1331 37 seen see VBN 31627 1331 38 to to TO 31627 1331 39 be be VB 31627 1331 40 the the DT 31627 1331 41 case case NN 31627 1331 42 in in IN 31627 1331 43 reference reference NN 31627 1331 44 to to IN 31627 1331 45 the the DT 31627 1331 46 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1331 47 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1331 48 of of IN 31627 1331 49 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 1331 50 , , , 31627 1331 51 the the DT 31627 1331 52 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1331 53 , , , 31627 1331 54 and and CC 31627 1331 55 the the DT 31627 1331 56 Lower Lower NNP 31627 1331 57 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1331 58 . . . 31627 1332 1 In in IN 31627 1332 2 all all PDT 31627 1332 3 these these DT 31627 1332 4 cases case NNS 31627 1332 5 the the DT 31627 1332 6 commencement commencement NN 31627 1332 7 and and CC 31627 1332 8 close close NN 31627 1332 9 of of IN 31627 1332 10 eruptive eruptive JJ 31627 1332 11 action action NN 31627 1332 12 appear appear VBP 31627 1332 13 to to TO 31627 1332 14 have have VB 31627 1332 15 been be VBN 31627 1332 16 very very RB 31627 1332 17 much much RB 31627 1332 18 about about IN 31627 1332 19 the the DT 31627 1332 20 same same JJ 31627 1332 21 period period NN 31627 1332 22 -- -- : 31627 1332 23 namely namely RB 31627 1332 24 , , , 31627 1332 25 the the DT 31627 1332 26 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1332 27 period period NN 31627 1332 28 on on IN 31627 1332 29 the the DT 31627 1332 30 one one CD 31627 1332 31 hand hand NN 31627 1332 32 , , , 31627 1332 33 and and CC 31627 1332 34 that that IN 31627 1332 35 at at IN 31627 1332 36 which which WDT 31627 1332 37 man man NN 31627 1332 38 entered enter VBD 31627 1332 39 upon upon IN 31627 1332 40 the the DT 31627 1332 41 scene scene NN 31627 1332 42 on on IN 31627 1332 43 the the DT 31627 1332 44 other other JJ 31627 1332 45 ; ; : 31627 1332 46 but but CC 31627 1332 47 in in IN 31627 1332 48 the the DT 31627 1332 49 case case NN 31627 1332 50 of of IN 31627 1332 51 Syria Syria NNP 31627 1332 52 and and CC 31627 1332 53 Western Western NNP 31627 1332 54 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 1332 55 , , , 31627 1332 56 the the DT 31627 1332 57 close close NN 31627 1332 58 of of IN 31627 1332 59 the the DT 31627 1332 60 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1332 61 period period NN 31627 1332 62 may may MD 31627 1332 63 have have VB 31627 1332 64 been be VBN 31627 1332 65 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 1332 66 more more JJR 31627 1332 67 than than IN 31627 1332 68 2000 2000 CD 31627 1332 69 B.C. B.C. NNP 31627 1333 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1333 2 1 1 LS 31627 1333 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1333 4 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1333 5 Phiala Phiala NNP 31627 1333 6 , , , 31627 1333 7 near near IN 31627 1333 8 the the DT 31627 1333 9 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1333 10 of of IN 31627 1333 11 Huleh Huleh NNP 31627 1333 12 , , , 31627 1333 13 is be VBZ 31627 1333 14 also also RB 31627 1333 15 situated situate VBN 31627 1333 16 to to IN 31627 1333 17 the the DT 31627 1333 18 west west NN 31627 1333 19 of of IN 31627 1333 20 the the DT 31627 1333 21 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1333 22 valley valley NN 31627 1333 23 . . . 31627 1334 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1334 2 origin origin NN 31627 1334 3 , , , 31627 1334 4 according accord VBG 31627 1334 5 to to IN 31627 1334 6 Tristram Tristram NNP 31627 1334 7 , , , 31627 1334 8 is be VBZ 31627 1334 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1334 10 . . . 31627 1335 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1335 2 2 2 LS 31627 1335 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1335 4 Schumacher Schumacher NNP 31627 1335 5 , , , 31627 1335 6 " " `` 31627 1335 7 The the DT 31627 1335 8 Jaulân Jaulân NNP 31627 1335 9 , , , 31627 1335 10 " " '' 31627 1335 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1335 12 Quarterly Quarterly NNP 31627 1335 13 Statement Statement NNP 31627 1335 14 of of IN 31627 1335 15 the the DT 31627 1335 16 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 1335 17 Exploration Exploration NNP 31627 1335 18 Fund Fund NNP 31627 1335 19 _ _ NNP 31627 1335 20 , , , 31627 1335 21 1886 1886 CD 31627 1335 22 and and CC 31627 1335 23 1888 1888 CD 31627 1335 24 ; ; : 31627 1335 25 and and CC 31627 1335 26 _ _ NNP 31627 1335 27 Across Across NNP 31627 1335 28 the the DT 31627 1335 29 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 1335 30 _ _ NNP 31627 1335 31 , , , 31627 1335 32 London London NNP 31627 1335 33 , , , 31627 1335 34 1886 1886 CD 31627 1335 35 . . . 31627 1336 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1336 2 3 3 LS 31627 1336 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1336 4 Lartet Lartet NNP 31627 1336 5 , , , 31627 1336 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1336 7 Voyage Voyage NNP 31627 1336 8 d'Exploration d'Exploration NNP 31627 1336 9 de de NNP 31627 1336 10 la la NNP 31627 1336 11 mer mer NNP 31627 1336 12 Morte Morte NNP 31627 1336 13 _ _ NNP 31627 1336 14 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1336 15 Géologie Géologie NNP 31627 1336 16 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1336 17 , , , 31627 1336 18 Paris Paris NNP 31627 1336 19 , , , 31627 1336 20 1880 1880 CD 31627 1336 21 . . . 31627 1337 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1337 2 4 4 CD 31627 1337 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1337 4 Tristram Tristram NNP 31627 1337 5 , , , 31627 1337 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1337 7 Land Land NNP 31627 1337 8 of of IN 31627 1337 9 Moab Moab NNP 31627 1337 10 _ _ NNP 31627 1337 11 , , , 31627 1337 12 London London NNP 31627 1337 13 , , , 31627 1337 14 1873 1873 CD 31627 1337 15 ; ; : 31627 1337 16 and and CC 31627 1337 17 _ _ NNP 31627 1337 18 Land Land NNP 31627 1337 19 of of IN 31627 1337 20 Israel Israel NNP 31627 1337 21 _ _ NNP 31627 1337 22 , , , 31627 1337 23 1866 1866 CD 31627 1337 24 . . . 31627 1338 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1338 2 5 5 CD 31627 1338 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1338 4 Niebuhr Niebuhr NNP 31627 1338 5 , , , 31627 1338 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1338 7 Beschreibung Beschreibung NNP 31627 1338 8 von von NNP 31627 1338 9 Arabien Arabien NNP 31627 1338 10 _ _ NNP 31627 1338 11 , , , 31627 1338 12 1773 1773 CD 31627 1338 13 . . . 31627 1339 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1339 2 6 6 CD 31627 1339 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1339 4 C. C. NNP 31627 1339 5 M. M. NNP 31627 1339 6 Doughty Doughty NNP 31627 1339 7 , , , 31627 1339 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1339 9 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1339 10 Deserta Deserta NNP 31627 1339 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1339 12 , , , 31627 1339 13 2 2 CD 31627 1339 14 vols vol NNS 31627 1339 15 . . . 31627 1339 16 , , , 31627 1339 17 1888 1888 CD 31627 1339 18 . . . 31627 1340 1 A a DT 31627 1340 2 generalised generalise VBN 31627 1340 3 account account NN 31627 1340 4 of of IN 31627 1340 5 this this DT 31627 1340 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1340 7 region region NN 31627 1340 8 by by IN 31627 1340 9 the the DT 31627 1340 10 author author NN 31627 1340 11 will will MD 31627 1340 12 be be VB 31627 1340 13 found find VBN 31627 1340 14 in in IN 31627 1340 15 the the DT 31627 1340 16 " " `` 31627 1340 17 Memoir Memoir NNP 31627 1340 18 on on IN 31627 1340 19 the the DT 31627 1340 20 Physical Physical NNP 31627 1340 21 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1340 22 of of IN 31627 1340 23 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1340 24 Petræa Petræa NNP 31627 1340 25 , , , 31627 1340 26 and and CC 31627 1340 27 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 1340 28 , , , 31627 1340 29 " " '' 31627 1340 30 _ _ NNP 31627 1340 31 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 1340 32 Exploration Exploration NNP 31627 1340 33 Fund Fund NNP 31627 1340 34 _ _ NNP 31627 1340 35 , , , 31627 1340 36 1887 1887 CD 31627 1340 37 . . . 31627 1341 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1341 2 7 7 CD 31627 1341 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1341 4 Schumacher Schumacher NNP 31627 1341 5 , , , 31627 1341 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1341 7 loc loc NN 31627 1341 8 . . . 31627 1342 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1342 2 . . . 31627 1342 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1342 4 , , , 31627 1342 5 p. p. NN 31627 1342 6 248 248 CD 31627 1342 7 . . . 31627 1343 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1343 2 8 8 CD 31627 1343 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1343 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1343 5 Land Land NNP 31627 1343 6 of of IN 31627 1343 7 Israel Israel NNP 31627 1343 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1343 9 , , , 31627 1343 10 p. p. NN 31627 1343 11 461 461 CD 31627 1343 12 . . . 31627 1344 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1344 2 9 9 CD 31627 1344 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1344 4 " " `` 31627 1344 5 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1344 6 of of IN 31627 1344 7 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1344 8 Petræa Petræa NNP 31627 1344 9 , , , 31627 1344 10 and and CC 31627 1344 11 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 1344 12 , , , 31627 1344 13 " " `` 31627 1344 14 _ _ NNP 31627 1344 15 Memoirs Memoirs NNP 31627 1344 16 of of IN 31627 1344 17 the the DT 31627 1344 18 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 1344 19 Exploration Exploration NNP 31627 1344 20 Fund Fund NNP 31627 1344 21 _ _ NNP 31627 1344 22 , , , 31627 1344 23 p. p. NN 31627 1344 24 95 95 CD 31627 1344 25 . . . 31627 1345 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1345 2 10 10 CD 31627 1345 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1345 4 Doughty Doughty NNP 31627 1345 5 , , , 31627 1345 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1345 7 loc loc NN 31627 1345 8 . . . 31627 1346 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1346 2 . . . 31627 1346 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1346 4 , , , 31627 1346 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1346 6 . . . 31627 1347 1 i. i. NNP 31627 1347 2 , , , 31627 1347 3 plate plate NN 31627 1347 4 vi vi NNP 31627 1347 5 . . NNP 31627 1347 6 , , , 31627 1347 7 p. p. NN 31627 1347 8 416 416 CD 31627 1347 9 . . . 31627 1348 1 An an DT 31627 1348 2 excellent excellent JJ 31627 1348 3 geological geological JJ 31627 1348 4 sketch sketch NN 31627 1348 5 map map NN 31627 1348 6 accompanies accompany VBZ 31627 1348 7 this this DT 31627 1348 8 work work NN 31627 1348 9 . . . 31627 1349 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1349 2 11 11 CD 31627 1349 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1349 4 " " `` 31627 1349 5 Memoir Memoir NNP 31627 1349 6 of of IN 31627 1349 7 the the DT 31627 1349 8 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1349 9 of of IN 31627 1349 10 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1349 11 Petræa Petræa NNP 31627 1349 12 , , , 31627 1349 13 and and CC 31627 1349 14 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 1349 15 , , , 31627 1349 16 " " '' 31627 1349 17 chap chap NNP 31627 1349 18 . . . 31627 1350 1 vi vi NNP 31627 1350 2 . . . 31627 1351 1 p. p. NN 31627 1351 2 67 67 CD 31627 1351 3 . . . 31627 1352 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1352 2 12 12 CD 31627 1352 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1352 4 Nahum Nahum NNP 31627 1352 5 , , , 31627 1352 6 i. i. NNP 31627 1353 1 5 5 CD 31627 1353 2 , , , 31627 1353 3 6 6 CD 31627 1353 4 ; ; : 31627 1353 5 Micah Micah NNP 31627 1353 6 , , , 31627 1353 7 i. i. NNP 31627 1354 1 3 3 CD 31627 1354 2 , , , 31627 1354 3 4 4 CD 31627 1354 4 ; ; : 31627 1354 5 Isaiah Isaiah NNP 31627 1354 6 , , , 31627 1354 7 lxiv lxiv NNP 31627 1354 8 . . . 31627 1355 1 1 1 CD 31627 1355 2 - - SYM 31627 1355 3 3 3 CD 31627 1355 4 ; ; : 31627 1355 5 Jeremiah Jeremiah NNP 31627 1355 6 , , , 31627 1355 7 l. l. NNP 31627 1355 8 25 25 CD 31627 1355 9 . . . 31627 1356 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1356 2 II II NNP 31627 1356 3 . . . 31627 1357 1 THE the DT 31627 1357 2 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 1357 3 REGIONS region NNS 31627 1357 4 OF of IN 31627 1357 5 NORTH NORTH NNP 31627 1357 6 AMERICA AMERICA NNP 31627 1357 7 . . . 31627 1358 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1358 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1358 3 a. a. NN 31627 1358 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1358 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1358 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1358 7 Contrast Contrast NNP 31627 1358 8 between between IN 31627 1358 9 the the DT 31627 1358 10 Eastern eastern JJ 31627 1358 11 and and CC 31627 1358 12 Western western JJ 31627 1358 13 Regions._--In regions._--in NN 31627 1358 14 no no DT 31627 1358 15 point point NN 31627 1358 16 is be VBZ 31627 1358 17 there there EX 31627 1358 18 a a DT 31627 1358 19 more more RBR 31627 1358 20 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1358 21 contrast contrast NN 31627 1358 22 between between IN 31627 1358 23 the the DT 31627 1358 24 physical physical JJ 31627 1358 25 structure structure NN 31627 1358 26 of of IN 31627 1358 27 Eastern Eastern NNP 31627 1358 28 and and CC 31627 1358 29 Western Western NNP 31627 1358 30 America America NNP 31627 1358 31 than than IN 31627 1358 32 in in IN 31627 1358 33 the the DT 31627 1358 34 absence absence NN 31627 1358 35 of of IN 31627 1358 36 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1358 37 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1358 38 in in IN 31627 1358 39 the the DT 31627 1358 40 former former JJ 31627 1358 41 and and CC 31627 1358 42 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1358 43 prodigious prodigious JJ 31627 1358 44 development development NN 31627 1358 45 in in IN 31627 1358 46 the the DT 31627 1358 47 latter latter NN 31627 1358 48 . . . 31627 1359 1 The the DT 31627 1359 2 great great JJ 31627 1359 3 valley valley NN 31627 1359 4 of of IN 31627 1359 5 the the DT 31627 1359 6 Mississippi Mississippi NNP 31627 1359 7 and and CC 31627 1359 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1359 9 tributaries tributary NNS 31627 1359 10 forms form VBZ 31627 1359 11 the the DT 31627 1359 12 dividing divide VBG 31627 1359 13 territory territory NN 31627 1359 14 between between IN 31627 1359 15 the the DT 31627 1359 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1359 17 and and CC 31627 1359 18 non non JJ 31627 1359 19 - - JJ 31627 1359 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1359 21 areas area NNS 31627 1359 22 ; ; : 31627 1359 23 so so CC 31627 1359 24 that that IN 31627 1359 25 on on IN 31627 1359 26 crossing cross VBG 31627 1359 27 the the DT 31627 1359 28 high high JJ 31627 1359 29 ridges ridge NNS 31627 1359 30 in in IN 31627 1359 31 which which WDT 31627 1359 32 the the DT 31627 1359 33 western western JJ 31627 1359 34 tributaries tributary NNS 31627 1359 35 of of IN 31627 1359 36 America America NNP 31627 1359 37 's 's POS 31627 1359 38 greatest great JJS 31627 1359 39 river river NN 31627 1359 40 have have VBP 31627 1359 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1359 42 sources source NNS 31627 1359 43 , , , 31627 1359 44 and and CC 31627 1359 45 to to TO 31627 1359 46 which which WDT 31627 1359 47 the the DT 31627 1359 48 name name NN 31627 1359 49 of of IN 31627 1359 50 the the DT 31627 1359 51 " " `` 31627 1359 52 Rocky Rocky NNP 31627 1359 53 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 1359 54 " " '' 31627 1359 55 more more RBR 31627 1359 56 properly properly RB 31627 1359 57 belongs belong VBZ 31627 1359 58 , , , 31627 1359 59 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1359 60 find find VBP 31627 1359 61 ourselves -PRON- PRP 31627 1359 62 in in IN 31627 1359 63 a a DT 31627 1359 64 region region NN 31627 1359 65 which which WDT 31627 1359 66 , , , 31627 1359 67 throughout throughout IN 31627 1359 68 the the DT 31627 1359 69 later later JJ 31627 1359 70 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1359 71 times time NNS 31627 1359 72 down down RB 31627 1359 73 almost almost RB 31627 1359 74 to to IN 31627 1359 75 the the DT 31627 1359 76 present present JJ 31627 1359 77 day day NN 31627 1359 78 , , , 31627 1359 79 has have VBZ 31627 1359 80 been be VBN 31627 1359 81 the the DT 31627 1359 82 scene scene NN 31627 1359 83 of of IN 31627 1359 84 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1359 85 operations operation NNS 31627 1359 86 on on IN 31627 1359 87 the the DT 31627 1359 88 grandest grand JJS 31627 1359 89 scale scale NN 31627 1359 90 ; ; : 31627 1359 91 where where WRB 31627 1359 92 lava lava NN 31627 1359 93 - - HYPH 31627 1359 94 floods flood NNS 31627 1359 95 have have VBP 31627 1359 96 been be VBN 31627 1359 97 poured pour VBN 31627 1359 98 over over IN 31627 1359 99 the the DT 31627 1359 100 country country NN 31627 1359 101 through through IN 31627 1359 102 thousands thousand NNS 31627 1359 103 of of IN 31627 1359 104 square square JJ 31627 1359 105 miles mile NNS 31627 1359 106 , , , 31627 1359 107 and and CC 31627 1359 108 where where WRB 31627 1359 109 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1359 110 cones cone NNS 31627 1359 111 , , , 31627 1359 112 vying vie VBG 31627 1359 113 in in IN 31627 1359 114 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 1359 115 with with IN 31627 1359 116 those those DT 31627 1359 117 of of IN 31627 1359 118 Etna Etna NNP 31627 1359 119 , , , 31627 1359 120 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 1359 121 , , , 31627 1359 122 or or CC 31627 1359 123 Hecla Hecla NNP 31627 1359 124 , , , 31627 1359 125 have have VBP 31627 1359 126 established establish VBN 31627 1359 127 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 1359 128 . . . 31627 1360 1 This this DT 31627 1360 2 region region NN 31627 1360 3 , , , 31627 1360 4 generally generally RB 31627 1360 5 known know VBN 31627 1360 6 as as IN 31627 1360 7 " " `` 31627 1360 8 The the DT 31627 1360 9 Great Great NNP 31627 1360 10 Basin Basin NNP 31627 1360 11 , , , 31627 1360 12 " " '' 31627 1360 13 is be VBZ 31627 1360 14 bounded bound VBN 31627 1360 15 on on IN 31627 1360 16 the the DT 31627 1360 17 west west NN 31627 1360 18 by by IN 31627 1360 19 the the DT 31627 1360 20 " " `` 31627 1360 21 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 1360 22 Range Range NNP 31627 1360 23 " " '' 31627 1360 24 of of IN 31627 1360 25 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1360 26 , , , 31627 1360 27 and and CC 31627 1360 28 includes include VBZ 31627 1360 29 portions portion NNS 31627 1360 30 of of IN 31627 1360 31 New New NNP 31627 1360 32 Mexico Mexico NNP 31627 1360 33 , , , 31627 1360 34 Arizona Arizona NNP 31627 1360 35 , , , 31627 1360 36 California California NNP 31627 1360 37 , , , 31627 1360 38 Nevada Nevada NNP 31627 1360 39 , , , 31627 1360 40 Utah Utah NNP 31627 1360 41 , , , 31627 1360 42 Colorado Colorado NNP 31627 1360 43 , , , 31627 1360 44 Idaho Idaho NNP 31627 1360 45 , , , 31627 1360 46 Oregon Oregon NNP 31627 1360 47 , , , 31627 1360 48 Wyoming Wyoming NNP 31627 1360 49 , , , 31627 1360 50 Montana Montana NNP 31627 1360 51 , , , 31627 1360 52 and and CC 31627 1360 53 Washington Washington NNP 31627 1360 54 . . . 31627 1361 1 To to IN 31627 1361 2 the the DT 31627 1361 3 south south NN 31627 1361 4 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1361 5 passes pass VBZ 31627 1361 6 into into IN 31627 1361 7 the the DT 31627 1361 8 mountainous mountainous JJ 31627 1361 9 region region NN 31627 1361 10 of of IN 31627 1361 11 Mexico Mexico NNP 31627 1361 12 , , , 31627 1361 13 also also RB 31627 1361 14 highly highly RB 31627 1361 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1361 16 ; ; : 31627 1361 17 and and CC 31627 1361 18 thence thence NN 31627 1361 19 into into IN 31627 1361 20 the the DT 31627 1361 21 ridge ridge NN 31627 1361 22 of of IN 31627 1361 23 Panama Panama NNP 31627 1361 24 and and CC 31627 1361 25 the the DT 31627 1361 26 Andes Andes NNP 31627 1361 27 . . . 31627 1362 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1362 2 can can MD 31627 1362 3 not not RB 31627 1362 4 be be VB 31627 1362 5 questioned question VBN 31627 1362 6 but but CC 31627 1362 7 that that IN 31627 1362 8 the the DT 31627 1362 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1362 10 nature nature NN 31627 1362 11 of of IN 31627 1362 12 the the DT 31627 1362 13 Great Great NNP 31627 1362 14 Basin Basin NNP 31627 1362 15 is be VBZ 31627 1362 16 due due JJ 31627 1362 17 to to IN 31627 1362 18 the the DT 31627 1362 19 same same JJ 31627 1362 20 causes cause NNS 31627 1362 21 which which WDT 31627 1362 22 have have VBP 31627 1362 23 originated originate VBN 31627 1362 24 the the DT 31627 1362 25 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1362 26 outbursts outburst NNS 31627 1362 27 of of IN 31627 1362 28 the the DT 31627 1362 29 Andes Andes NNP 31627 1362 30 ; ; : 31627 1362 31 but but CC 31627 1362 32 , , , 31627 1362 33 from from IN 31627 1362 34 whatever whatever WDT 31627 1362 35 cause cause NN 31627 1362 36 , , , 31627 1362 37 the the DT 31627 1362 38 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1362 39 forces force NNS 31627 1362 40 have have VBP 31627 1362 41 here here RB 31627 1362 42 entered enter VBN 31627 1362 43 upon upon IN 31627 1362 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1362 45 secondary secondary JJ 31627 1362 46 or or CC 31627 1362 47 moribund moribund JJ 31627 1362 48 stage stage NN 31627 1362 49 . . . 31627 1363 1 In in IN 31627 1363 2 the the DT 31627 1363 3 Yellowstone Yellowstone NNP 31627 1363 4 Valley Valley NNP 31627 1363 5 , , , 31627 1363 6 geysers geyser NNS 31627 1363 7 , , , 31627 1363 8 hot hot JJ 31627 1363 9 springs spring NNS 31627 1363 10 , , , 31627 1363 11 and and CC 31627 1363 12 fumaroles fumarole NNS 31627 1363 13 give give VBP 31627 1363 14 evidence evidence NN 31627 1363 15 of of IN 31627 1363 16 this this DT 31627 1363 17 condition condition NN 31627 1363 18 . . . 31627 1364 1 In in IN 31627 1364 2 other other JJ 31627 1364 3 districts district NNS 31627 1364 4 the the DT 31627 1364 5 lava lava NN 31627 1364 6 - - HYPH 31627 1364 7 streams stream NNS 31627 1364 8 are be VBP 31627 1364 9 so so RB 31627 1364 10 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1364 11 and and CC 31627 1364 12 unweathered unweathered JJ 31627 1364 13 as as IN 31627 1364 14 to to TO 31627 1364 15 suggest suggest VB 31627 1364 16 that that IN 31627 1364 17 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1364 18 had have VBD 31627 1364 19 been be VBN 31627 1364 20 erupted erupt VBN 31627 1364 21 only only RB 31627 1364 22 a a DT 31627 1364 23 few few JJ 31627 1364 24 hundred hundred CD 31627 1364 25 years year NNS 31627 1364 26 ago ago RB 31627 1364 27 ; ; : 31627 1364 28 but but CC 31627 1364 29 no no DT 31627 1364 30 active active JJ 31627 1364 31 vent vent NN 31627 1364 32 or or CC 31627 1364 33 crater crater NN 31627 1364 34 is be VBZ 31627 1364 35 to to TO 31627 1364 36 be be VB 31627 1364 37 found find VBN 31627 1364 38 over over IN 31627 1364 39 the the DT 31627 1364 40 whole whole NN 31627 1364 41 of of IN 31627 1364 42 this this DT 31627 1364 43 wide wide JJ 31627 1364 44 region region NN 31627 1364 45 . . . 31627 1365 1 A a DT 31627 1365 2 few few JJ 31627 1365 3 special special JJ 31627 1365 4 districts district NNS 31627 1365 5 only only RB 31627 1365 6 can can MD 31627 1365 7 here here RB 31627 1365 8 be be VB 31627 1365 9 selected select VBN 31627 1365 10 by by IN 31627 1365 11 way way NN 31627 1365 12 of of IN 31627 1365 13 illustration illustration NN 31627 1365 14 of of IN 31627 1365 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1365 16 special special JJ 31627 1365 17 features feature NNS 31627 1365 18 in in IN 31627 1365 19 connection connection NN 31627 1365 20 with with IN 31627 1365 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1365 22 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1365 23 history history NN 31627 1365 24 . . . 31627 1366 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1366 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1366 3 b. b. NNP 31627 1366 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1366 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1366 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1366 7 The the DT 31627 1366 8 Plateau Plateau NNP 31627 1366 9 Country Country NNP 31627 1366 10 of of IN 31627 1366 11 Utah Utah NNP 31627 1366 12 and and CC 31627 1366 13 Arizona._--This arizona._--this DT 31627 1366 14 tract tract NN 31627 1366 15 , , , 31627 1366 16 which which WDT 31627 1366 17 is be VBZ 31627 1366 18 drained drain VBN 31627 1366 19 by by IN 31627 1366 20 the the DT 31627 1366 21 Colorado Colorado NNP 31627 1366 22 River River NNP 31627 1366 23 and and CC 31627 1366 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1366 25 tributaries tributary NNS 31627 1366 26 , , , 31627 1366 27 is be VBZ 31627 1366 28 bounded bound VBN 31627 1366 29 on on IN 31627 1366 30 the the DT 31627 1366 31 north north NN 31627 1366 32 by by IN 31627 1366 33 the the DT 31627 1366 34 Wahsatch Wahsatch NNP 31627 1366 35 range range NN 31627 1366 36 , , , 31627 1366 37 and and CC 31627 1366 38 extends extend VBZ 31627 1366 39 eastwards eastward NNS 31627 1366 40 to to IN 31627 1366 41 the the DT 31627 1366 42 base base NN 31627 1366 43 of of IN 31627 1366 44 the the DT 31627 1366 45 Sierra Sierra NNP 31627 1366 46 Nevada Nevada NNP 31627 1366 47 . . . 31627 1367 1 Round round VB 31627 1367 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1367 3 margin margin NN 31627 1367 4 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1367 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1367 6 tracts tract NNS 31627 1367 7 are be VBP 31627 1367 8 to to TO 31627 1367 9 be be VB 31627 1367 10 found find VBN 31627 1367 11 , , , 31627 1367 12 with with IN 31627 1367 13 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1367 14 peaks peak NNS 31627 1367 15 and and CC 31627 1367 16 truncated truncate VBN 31627 1367 17 cones cone NNS 31627 1367 18 -- -- : 31627 1367 19 the the DT 31627 1367 20 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1367 21 craters crater NNS 31627 1367 22 of of IN 31627 1367 23 eruption eruption NN 31627 1367 24 -- -- : 31627 1367 25 of of IN 31627 1367 26 which which WDT 31627 1367 27 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1367 28 San San NNP 31627 1367 29 Francisco Francisco NNP 31627 1367 30 is be VBZ 31627 1367 31 the the DT 31627 1367 32 culminating culminate VBG 31627 1367 33 eminence eminence NN 31627 1367 34 . . . 31627 1368 1 South south RB 31627 1368 2 of of IN 31627 1368 3 the the DT 31627 1368 4 Wahsatch Wahsatch NNP 31627 1368 5 , , , 31627 1368 6 and and CC 31627 1368 7 occupying occupy VBG 31627 1368 8 the the DT 31627 1368 9 high high JJ 31627 1368 10 plateaux plateaux NN 31627 1368 11 of of IN 31627 1368 12 Utah Utah NNP 31627 1368 13 , , , 31627 1368 14 enormous enormous JJ 31627 1368 15 masses masse NNS 31627 1368 16 of of IN 31627 1368 17 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1368 18 products product NNS 31627 1368 19 have have VBP 31627 1368 20 been be VBN 31627 1368 21 spread spread VBN 31627 1368 22 over over IN 31627 1368 23 an an DT 31627 1368 24 area area NN 31627 1368 25 of of IN 31627 1368 26 9000 9000 CD 31627 1368 27 square square JJ 31627 1368 28 miles mile NNS 31627 1368 29 , , , 31627 1368 30 attaining attain VBG 31627 1368 31 a a DT 31627 1368 32 thickness thickness NN 31627 1368 33 of of IN 31627 1368 34 between between IN 31627 1368 35 3000 3000 CD 31627 1368 36 and and CC 31627 1368 37 4000 4000 CD 31627 1368 38 feet foot NNS 31627 1368 39 . . . 31627 1369 1 The the DT 31627 1369 2 earlier early JJR 31627 1369 3 of of IN 31627 1369 4 these these DT 31627 1369 5 great great JJ 31627 1369 6 lava lava NN 31627 1369 7 - - HYPH 31627 1369 8 floods flood NNS 31627 1369 9 appear appear VBP 31627 1369 10 to to TO 31627 1369 11 have have VB 31627 1369 12 been be VBN 31627 1369 13 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1369 14 , , , 31627 1369 15 but but CC 31627 1369 16 the the DT 31627 1369 17 later later JJ 31627 1369 18 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1369 19 ; ; : 31627 1369 20 and and CC 31627 1369 21 in in IN 31627 1369 22 the the DT 31627 1369 23 opinion opinion NN 31627 1369 24 of of IN 31627 1369 25 Captain Captain NNP 31627 1369 26 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 1369 27 , , , 31627 1369 28 who who WP 31627 1369 29 has have VBZ 31627 1369 30 described describe VBN 31627 1369 31 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1369 32 , , , 31627 1369 33 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1369 34 range range VBP 31627 1369 35 in in IN 31627 1369 36 point point NN 31627 1369 37 of of IN 31627 1369 38 time time NN 31627 1369 39 from from IN 31627 1369 40 the the DT 31627 1369 41 Middle Middle NNP 31627 1369 42 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1369 43 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1369 44 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1369 45 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1369 46 down down IN 31627 1369 47 to to IN 31627 1369 48 comparatively comparatively RB 31627 1369 49 recent recent JJ 31627 1369 50 times time NNS 31627 1369 51 . . . 31627 1370 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1370 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1370 3 c. c. NNP 31627 1370 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1370 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1370 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1370 7 The the DT 31627 1370 8 Grand Grand NNP 31627 1370 9 Cañon._--To cañon._--to NN 31627 1370 10 the the DT 31627 1370 11 south south NN 31627 1370 12 of of IN 31627 1370 13 the the DT 31627 1370 14 high high JJ 31627 1370 15 plateaux plateaux NN 31627 1370 16 of of IN 31627 1370 17 Utah Utah NNP 31627 1370 18 are be VBP 31627 1370 19 many many JJ 31627 1370 20 minor minor JJ 31627 1370 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1370 22 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1370 23 , , , 31627 1370 24 now now RB 31627 1370 25 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1370 26 ; ; : 31627 1370 27 and and CC 31627 1370 28 as as IN 31627 1370 29 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1370 30 descend descend VBP 31627 1370 31 towards towards IN 31627 1370 32 the the DT 31627 1370 33 Grand Grand NNP 31627 1370 34 Cañon Cañon NNP 31627 1370 35 of of IN 31627 1370 36 Colorado Colorado NNP 31627 1370 37 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1370 38 find find VBP 31627 1370 39 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1370 40 cinder cinder NN 31627 1370 41 - - HYPH 31627 1370 42 cones cone NNS 31627 1370 43 scattered scatter VBN 31627 1370 44 about about IN 31627 1370 45 at at IN 31627 1370 46 intervals interval NNS 31627 1370 47 near near IN 31627 1370 48 the the DT 31627 1370 49 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1370 50 . . . 31627 1371 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1371 2 1 1 LS 31627 1371 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1371 4 Extensive extensive JJ 31627 1371 5 lava lava NN 31627 1371 6 - - HYPH 31627 1371 7 fields field NNS 31627 1371 8 , , , 31627 1371 9 surmounted surmount VBN 31627 1371 10 by by IN 31627 1371 11 cinder cinder NNP 31627 1371 12 - - HYPH 31627 1371 13 cones cone NNS 31627 1371 14 , , , 31627 1371 15 occupy occupy VB 31627 1371 16 the the DT 31627 1371 17 plateau plateau NN 31627 1371 18 on on IN 31627 1371 19 the the DT 31627 1371 20 western western JJ 31627 1371 21 side side NN 31627 1371 22 of of IN 31627 1371 23 the the DT 31627 1371 24 Grand Grand NNP 31627 1371 25 Cañon Cañon NNPS 31627 1371 26 ; ; : 31627 1371 27 and and CC 31627 1371 28 , , , 31627 1371 29 according accord VBG 31627 1371 30 to to IN 31627 1371 31 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 1371 32 , , , 31627 1371 33 the the DT 31627 1371 34 great great JJ 31627 1371 35 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1371 36 of of IN 31627 1371 37 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1371 38 lava lava NN 31627 1371 39 , , , 31627 1371 40 of of IN 31627 1371 41 very very RB 31627 1371 42 recent recent JJ 31627 1371 43 age age NN 31627 1371 44 , , , 31627 1371 45 which which WDT 31627 1371 46 occupy occupy VBP 31627 1371 47 many many JJ 31627 1371 48 hundred hundred CD 31627 1371 49 square square JJ 31627 1371 50 miles mile NNS 31627 1371 51 of of IN 31627 1371 52 desert desert NN 31627 1371 53 , , , 31627 1371 54 have have VBP 31627 1371 55 had have VBN 31627 1371 56 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1371 57 sources source NNS 31627 1371 58 in in IN 31627 1371 59 these these DT 31627 1371 60 cones cone NNS 31627 1371 61 of of IN 31627 1371 62 eruption eruption NN 31627 1371 63 . . . 31627 1372 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1372 2 2 2 LS 31627 1372 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1372 4 Crossing Crossing NNP 31627 1372 5 to to IN 31627 1372 6 the the DT 31627 1372 7 east east NN 31627 1372 8 of of IN 31627 1372 9 the the DT 31627 1372 10 Grand Grand NNP 31627 1372 11 Cañon Cañon NNP 31627 1372 12 , , , 31627 1372 13 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1372 14 find find VBP 31627 1372 15 other other JJ 31627 1372 16 lava lava NN 31627 1372 17 - - HYPH 31627 1372 18 floods flood NNS 31627 1372 19 poured pour VBD 31627 1372 20 over over RP 31627 1372 21 the the DT 31627 1372 22 country country NN 31627 1372 23 at at IN 31627 1372 24 intervals interval NNS 31627 1372 25 , , , 31627 1372 26 surmounted surmount VBN 31627 1372 27 by by IN 31627 1372 28 San San NNP 31627 1372 29 Francisco Francisco NNP 31627 1372 30 -- -- : 31627 1372 31 a a DT 31627 1372 32 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1372 33 mountain mountain NN 31627 1372 34 of of IN 31627 1372 35 the the DT 31627 1372 36 first first JJ 31627 1372 37 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 1372 38 -- -- : 31627 1372 39 which which WDT 31627 1372 40 reaches reach VBZ 31627 1372 41 an an DT 31627 1372 42 elevation elevation NN 31627 1372 43 , , , 31627 1372 44 according accord VBG 31627 1372 45 to to IN 31627 1372 46 Wheeler Wheeler NNP 31627 1372 47 , , , 31627 1372 48 of of IN 31627 1372 49 12,562 12,562 CD 31627 1372 50 feet foot NNS 31627 1372 51 above above IN 31627 1372 52 the the DT 31627 1372 53 ocean ocean NN 31627 1372 54 . . . 31627 1373 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1373 2 has have VBZ 31627 1373 3 long long RB 31627 1373 4 been be VBN 31627 1373 5 extinct extinct VBN 31627 1373 6 , , , 31627 1373 7 and and CC 31627 1373 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1373 9 summit summit NN 31627 1373 10 and and CC 31627 1373 11 flanks flank NNS 31627 1373 12 are be VBP 31627 1373 13 covered cover VBN 31627 1373 14 with with IN 31627 1373 15 snow snow NN 31627 1373 16 - - HYPH 31627 1373 17 fields field NNS 31627 1373 18 and and CC 31627 1373 19 glaciers glacier NNS 31627 1373 20 . . . 31627 1374 1 Other other JJ 31627 1374 2 parts part NNS 31627 1374 3 of of IN 31627 1374 4 Arizona Arizona NNP 31627 1374 5 are be VBP 31627 1374 6 overspread overspread VBN 31627 1374 7 by by IN 31627 1374 8 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1374 9 of of IN 31627 1374 10 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1374 11 lava lava NN 31627 1374 12 , , , 31627 1374 13 through through IN 31627 1374 14 which which WDT 31627 1374 15 old old JJ 31627 1374 16 " " `` 31627 1374 17 necks neck NNS 31627 1374 18 " " '' 31627 1374 19 of of IN 31627 1374 20 eruption eruption NN 31627 1374 21 , , , 31627 1374 22 formed form VBN 31627 1374 23 of of IN 31627 1374 24 more more RBR 31627 1374 25 solid solid JJ 31627 1374 26 lava lava NN 31627 1374 27 than than IN 31627 1374 28 the the DT 31627 1374 29 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1374 30 , , , 31627 1374 31 rise rise VBP 31627 1374 32 occasionally occasionally RB 31627 1374 33 above above IN 31627 1374 34 the the DT 31627 1374 35 surface surface NN 31627 1374 36 , , , 31627 1374 37 and and CC 31627 1374 38 are be VBP 31627 1374 39 prominent prominent JJ 31627 1374 40 features feature NNS 31627 1374 41 in in IN 31627 1374 42 the the DT 31627 1374 43 landscape landscape NN 31627 1374 44 . . . 31627 1375 1 Further further RB 31627 1375 2 to to IN 31627 1375 3 the the DT 31627 1375 4 eastward eastward NN 31627 1375 5 in in IN 31627 1375 6 New New NNP 31627 1375 7 Mexico Mexico NNP 31627 1375 8 , , , 31627 1375 9 and and CC 31627 1375 10 near near IN 31627 1375 11 the the DT 31627 1375 12 margin margin NN 31627 1375 13 of of IN 31627 1375 14 the the DT 31627 1375 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1375 16 region region NN 31627 1375 17 , , , 31627 1375 18 is be VBZ 31627 1375 19 another another DT 31627 1375 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1375 21 mountain mountain NN 31627 1375 22 little little JJ 31627 1375 23 less less RBR 31627 1375 24 lofty lofty JJ 31627 1375 25 than than IN 31627 1375 26 San San NNP 31627 1375 27 Francisco Francisco NNP 31627 1375 28 , , , 31627 1375 29 called call VBD 31627 1375 30 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1375 31 Taylor Taylor NNP 31627 1375 32 , , , 31627 1375 33 which which WDT 31627 1375 34 , , , 31627 1375 35 according accord VBG 31627 1375 36 to to IN 31627 1375 37 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 1375 38 , , , 31627 1375 39 rises rise VBZ 31627 1375 40 to to IN 31627 1375 41 an an DT 31627 1375 42 elevation elevation NN 31627 1375 43 of of IN 31627 1375 44 11,390 11,390 CD 31627 1375 45 feet foot NNS 31627 1375 46 above above IN 31627 1375 47 the the DT 31627 1375 48 ocean ocean NN 31627 1375 49 , , , 31627 1375 50 and and CC 31627 1375 51 8200 8200 CD 31627 1375 52 feet foot NNS 31627 1375 53 above above IN 31627 1375 54 the the DT 31627 1375 55 general general JJ 31627 1375 56 level level NN 31627 1375 57 of of IN 31627 1375 58 the the DT 31627 1375 59 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1375 60 plateau plateau NN 31627 1375 61 of of IN 31627 1375 62 lava lava NNP 31627 1375 63 . . . 31627 1376 1 This this DT 31627 1376 2 mountain mountain NN 31627 1376 3 forms form VBZ 31627 1376 4 the the DT 31627 1376 5 culminating culminate VBG 31627 1376 6 point point NN 31627 1376 7 of of IN 31627 1376 8 a a DT 31627 1376 9 wide wide JJ 31627 1376 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1376 11 tract tract NN 31627 1376 12 , , , 31627 1376 13 over over IN 31627 1376 14 which which WDT 31627 1376 15 are be VBP 31627 1376 16 distributed distribute VBN 31627 1376 17 numberless numberless JJ 31627 1376 18 vents vent NNS 31627 1376 19 of of IN 31627 1376 20 eruption eruption NN 31627 1376 21 . . . 31627 1377 1 Scores score NNS 31627 1377 2 of of IN 31627 1377 3 such such JJ 31627 1377 4 vents vent NNS 31627 1377 5 -- -- : 31627 1377 6 generally generally RB 31627 1377 7 cinder cinder NN 31627 1377 8 - - HYPH 31627 1377 9 cones cone NNS 31627 1377 10 -- -- : 31627 1377 11 are be VBP 31627 1377 12 visible visible JJ 31627 1377 13 in in IN 31627 1377 14 every every DT 31627 1377 15 part part NN 31627 1377 16 of of IN 31627 1377 17 the the DT 31627 1377 18 plateau plateau NN 31627 1377 19 , , , 31627 1377 20 and and CC 31627 1377 21 always always RB 31627 1377 22 in in IN 31627 1377 23 a a DT 31627 1377 24 more more RBR 31627 1377 25 or or CC 31627 1377 26 less less RBR 31627 1377 27 dilapidated dilapidated JJ 31627 1377 28 condition condition NN 31627 1377 29 . . . 31627 1378 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1378 2 3 3 CD 31627 1378 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1378 4 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1378 5 Taylor Taylor NNP 31627 1378 6 is be VBZ 31627 1378 7 a a DT 31627 1378 8 volcano volcano NN 31627 1378 9 , , , 31627 1378 10 with with IN 31627 1378 11 a a DT 31627 1378 12 central central JJ 31627 1378 13 pipe pipe NN 31627 1378 14 terminating terminate VBG 31627 1378 15 in in IN 31627 1378 16 a a DT 31627 1378 17 large large JJ 31627 1378 18 crater crater NN 31627 1378 19 , , , 31627 1378 20 the the DT 31627 1378 21 wall wall NN 31627 1378 22 of of IN 31627 1378 23 which which WDT 31627 1378 24 was be VBD 31627 1378 25 broken break VBN 31627 1378 26 down down RP 31627 1378 27 on on IN 31627 1378 28 the the DT 31627 1378 29 east east JJ 31627 1378 30 side side NN 31627 1378 31 in in IN 31627 1378 32 the the DT 31627 1378 33 later later JJ 31627 1378 34 stage stage NN 31627 1378 35 of of IN 31627 1378 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1378 37 history history NN 31627 1378 38 . . . 31627 1379 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1379 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1379 3 : : : 31627 1379 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1379 5 . . . 31627 1380 1 25.--Mount 25.--mount CD 31627 1380 2 Shasta Shasta NNP 31627 1380 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1380 4 14,511 14,511 CD 31627 1380 5 feet foot NNS 31627 1380 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1380 7 , , , 31627 1380 8 a a DT 31627 1380 9 snow snow NN 31627 1380 10 - - HYPH 31627 1380 11 clad clothe VBN 31627 1380 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1380 13 cone cone NN 31627 1380 14 in in IN 31627 1380 15 California California NNP 31627 1380 16 , , , 31627 1380 17 with with IN 31627 1380 18 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1380 19 Shastina Shastina NNP 31627 1380 20 , , , 31627 1380 21 a a DT 31627 1380 22 secondary secondary JJ 31627 1380 23 crater crater NN 31627 1380 24 , , , 31627 1380 25 on on IN 31627 1380 26 the the DT 31627 1380 27 right right NN 31627 1380 28 ; ; : 31627 1380 29 the the DT 31627 1380 30 valley valley NN 31627 1380 31 between between IN 31627 1380 32 is be VBZ 31627 1380 33 filled fill VBN 31627 1380 34 with with IN 31627 1380 35 glacier glacier NNP 31627 1380 36 - - HYPH 31627 1380 37 ice.--(After ice.--(after NN 31627 1380 38 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 1380 39 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1380 40 . . . 31627 1380 41 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1381 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1381 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1381 3 d. d. NNP 31627 1381 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1381 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1381 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1381 7 California._--Proceeding California._--Proceeding NNP 31627 1381 8 westwards westward NNS 31627 1381 9 into into IN 31627 1381 10 California California NNP 31627 1381 11 , , , 31627 1381 12 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1381 13 are be VBP 31627 1381 14 again again RB 31627 1381 15 confronted confront VBN 31627 1381 16 with with IN 31627 1381 17 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1381 18 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1381 19 on on IN 31627 1381 20 a a DT 31627 1381 21 stupendous stupendous JJ 31627 1381 22 scale scale NN 31627 1381 23 . . . 31627 1382 1 The the DT 31627 1382 2 coast coast NN 31627 1382 3 range range NN 31627 1382 4 of of IN 31627 1382 5 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1382 6 , , , 31627 1382 7 which which WDT 31627 1382 8 branches branch VBZ 31627 1382 9 off off RP 31627 1382 10 from from IN 31627 1382 11 the the DT 31627 1382 12 Sierra Sierra NNP 31627 1382 13 Nevada Nevada NNP 31627 1382 14 at at IN 31627 1382 15 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1382 16 Pinos Pinos NNP 31627 1382 17 , , , 31627 1382 18 on on IN 31627 1382 19 the the DT 31627 1382 20 south south NN 31627 1382 21 , , , 31627 1382 22 is be VBZ 31627 1382 23 terminated terminate VBN 31627 1382 24 near near IN 31627 1382 25 the the DT 31627 1382 26 northern northern JJ 31627 1382 27 extremity extremity NN 31627 1382 28 of of IN 31627 1382 29 the the DT 31627 1382 30 State State NNP 31627 1382 31 by by IN 31627 1382 32 a a DT 31627 1382 33 very very RB 31627 1382 34 lofty lofty JJ 31627 1382 35 mountain mountain NN 31627 1382 36 of of IN 31627 1382 37 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1382 38 origin origin NN 31627 1382 39 , , , 31627 1382 40 called call VBD 31627 1382 41 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1382 42 Shasta Shasta NNP 31627 1382 43 , , , 31627 1382 44 which which WDT 31627 1382 45 attains attain VBZ 31627 1382 46 an an DT 31627 1382 47 elevation elevation NN 31627 1382 48 of of IN 31627 1382 49 14,511 14,511 CD 31627 1382 50 feet foot NNS 31627 1382 51 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1382 52 see see VB 31627 1382 53 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1382 54 . . . 31627 1383 1 25 25 CD 31627 1383 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1383 3 . . . 31627 1384 1 This this DT 31627 1384 2 mountain mountain NN 31627 1384 3 was be VBD 31627 1384 4 first first RB 31627 1384 5 ascended ascend VBN 31627 1384 6 by by IN 31627 1384 7 Clarence Clarence NNP 31627 1384 8 King King NNP 31627 1384 9 in in IN 31627 1384 10 1870,[4 1870,[4 CD 31627 1384 11 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1384 12 and and CC 31627 1384 13 although although IN 31627 1384 14 forming forming NN 31627 1384 15 , , , 31627 1384 16 as as IN 31627 1384 17 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1384 18 were be VBD 31627 1384 19 , , , 31627 1384 20 a a DT 31627 1384 21 portion portion NN 31627 1384 22 of of IN 31627 1384 23 the the DT 31627 1384 24 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 1384 25 Coast Coast NNP 31627 1384 26 Range Range NNP 31627 1384 27 , , , 31627 1384 28 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1384 29 really really RB 31627 1384 30 rises rise VBZ 31627 1384 31 from from IN 31627 1384 32 the the DT 31627 1384 33 plain plain NN 31627 1384 34 in in IN 31627 1384 35 solitary solitary JJ 31627 1384 36 grandeur grandeur NN 31627 1384 37 , , , 31627 1384 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1384 39 summit summit NN 31627 1384 40 covered cover VBN 31627 1384 41 by by IN 31627 1384 42 snow snow NN 31627 1384 43 , , , 31627 1384 44 and and CC 31627 1384 45 originating originate VBG 31627 1384 46 several several JJ 31627 1384 47 fine fine JJ 31627 1384 48 glaciers glacier NNS 31627 1384 49 . . . 31627 1385 1 The the DT 31627 1385 2 summit summit NN 31627 1385 3 of of IN 31627 1385 4 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1385 5 Shasta Shasta NNP 31627 1385 6 is be VBZ 31627 1385 7 a a DT 31627 1385 8 nearly nearly RB 31627 1385 9 perfect perfect JJ 31627 1385 10 cone cone NN 31627 1385 11 , , , 31627 1385 12 but but CC 31627 1385 13 from from IN 31627 1385 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1385 15 north north NN 31627 1385 16 - - HYPH 31627 1385 17 west west NN 31627 1385 18 side side NN 31627 1385 19 there there RB 31627 1385 20 juts jut VBZ 31627 1385 21 out out RP 31627 1385 22 a a DT 31627 1385 23 large large JJ 31627 1385 24 crater crater NN 31627 1385 25 - - HYPH 31627 1385 26 cone cone NN 31627 1385 27 just just RB 31627 1385 28 below below IN 31627 1385 29 the the DT 31627 1385 30 snow snow NN 31627 1385 31 - - HYPH 31627 1385 32 line line NN 31627 1385 33 , , , 31627 1385 34 between between IN 31627 1385 35 which which WDT 31627 1385 36 and and CC 31627 1385 37 the the DT 31627 1385 38 main main JJ 31627 1385 39 mass mass NN 31627 1385 40 of of IN 31627 1385 41 the the DT 31627 1385 42 mountain mountain NN 31627 1385 43 there there EX 31627 1385 44 exists exist VBZ 31627 1385 45 a a DT 31627 1385 46 deep deep JJ 31627 1385 47 depression depression NN 31627 1385 48 filled fill VBN 31627 1385 49 with with IN 31627 1385 50 glacier glacier NN 31627 1385 51 ice ice NN 31627 1385 52 . . . 31627 1386 1 This this DT 31627 1386 2 secondary secondary JJ 31627 1386 3 crater crater NN 31627 1386 4 - - HYPH 31627 1386 5 cone cone NN 31627 1386 6 has have VBZ 31627 1386 7 been be VBN 31627 1386 8 named name VBN 31627 1386 9 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1386 10 Shastina Shastina NNP 31627 1386 11 , , , 31627 1386 12 and and CC 31627 1386 13 round round VB 31627 1386 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1386 15 inner inner JJ 31627 1386 16 side side NN 31627 1386 17 the the DT 31627 1386 18 stream stream NN 31627 1386 19 of of IN 31627 1386 20 glacier glacier NNP 31627 1386 21 ice ice NN 31627 1386 22 winds wind NNS 31627 1386 23 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1386 24 , , , 31627 1386 25 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1386 26 surmounting surmount VBG 31627 1386 27 the the DT 31627 1386 28 rim rim NN 31627 1386 29 of of IN 31627 1386 30 the the DT 31627 1386 31 crater crater NN 31627 1386 32 , , , 31627 1386 33 and and CC 31627 1386 34 shooting shoot VBG 31627 1386 35 down down RP 31627 1386 36 masses masse NNS 31627 1386 37 of of IN 31627 1386 38 ice ice NN 31627 1386 39 into into IN 31627 1386 40 the the DT 31627 1386 41 great great JJ 31627 1386 42 caldron caldron NN 31627 1386 43 . . . 31627 1387 1 The the DT 31627 1387 2 length length NN 31627 1387 3 of of IN 31627 1387 4 this this DT 31627 1387 5 glacier glacier NN 31627 1387 6 is be VBZ 31627 1387 7 about about RB 31627 1387 8 three three CD 31627 1387 9 miles mile NNS 31627 1387 10 , , , 31627 1387 11 and and CC 31627 1387 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1387 13 breadth breadth NN 31627 1387 14 about about RB 31627 1387 15 4000 4000 CD 31627 1387 16 feet foot NNS 31627 1387 17 . . . 31627 1388 1 Another another DT 31627 1388 2 very very RB 31627 1388 3 lofty lofty JJ 31627 1388 4 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1388 5 mountain mountain NN 31627 1388 6 is be VBZ 31627 1388 7 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1388 8 Rainier Rainier NNP 31627 1388 9 , , , 31627 1388 10 in in IN 31627 1388 11 the the DT 31627 1388 12 Washington Washington NNP 31627 1388 13 territory territory NN 31627 1388 14 , , , 31627 1388 15 consisting consist VBG 31627 1388 16 of of IN 31627 1388 17 three three CD 31627 1388 18 peaks peak NNS 31627 1388 19 of of IN 31627 1388 20 which which WDT 31627 1388 21 the the DT 31627 1388 22 eastern eastern NNP 31627 1388 23 possesses possess VBZ 31627 1388 24 a a DT 31627 1388 25 crater crater NN 31627 1388 26 very very RB 31627 1388 27 perfect perfect JJ 31627 1388 28 throughout throughout IN 31627 1388 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1388 30 entire entire JJ 31627 1388 31 circumference circumference NN 31627 1388 32 . . . 31627 1389 1 This this DT 31627 1389 2 mountain mountain NN 31627 1389 3 appears appear VBZ 31627 1389 4 to to TO 31627 1389 5 be be VB 31627 1389 6 formed form VBN 31627 1389 7 mainly mainly RB 31627 1389 8 of of IN 31627 1389 9 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1389 10 matter matter NN 31627 1389 11 . . . 31627 1390 1 Proceeding proceed VBG 31627 1390 2 further far RBR 31627 1390 3 north north RB 31627 1390 4 into into IN 31627 1390 5 British british JJ 31627 1390 6 territory territory NN 31627 1390 7 , , , 31627 1390 8 several several JJ 31627 1390 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1390 10 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1390 11 near near IN 31627 1390 12 the the DT 31627 1390 13 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 1390 14 Coast Coast NNP 31627 1390 15 are be VBP 31627 1390 16 said say VBN 31627 1390 17 to to TO 31627 1390 18 exhibit exhibit VB 31627 1390 19 evidence evidence NN 31627 1390 20 of of IN 31627 1390 21 activity activity NN 31627 1390 22 . . . 31627 1391 1 Of of IN 31627 1391 2 these these DT 31627 1391 3 may may MD 31627 1391 4 be be VB 31627 1391 5 mentioned mention VBN 31627 1391 6 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1391 7 Edgecombe Edgecombe NNP 31627 1391 8 , , , 31627 1391 9 in in IN 31627 1391 10 lat lat NN 31627 1391 11 . . . 31627 1392 1 57 57 CD 31627 1392 2 ° ° NNS 31627 1392 3 .3 .3 CD 31627 1392 4 ; ; : 31627 1392 5 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1392 6 Fairweather Fairweather NNP 31627 1392 7 , , , 31627 1392 8 lat lat NN 31627 1392 9 . . . 31627 1393 1 57 57 CD 31627 1393 2 ° ° NNS 31627 1393 3 .20 .20 CD 31627 1393 4 which which WDT 31627 1393 5 rises rise VBZ 31627 1393 6 to to IN 31627 1393 7 a a DT 31627 1393 8 height height NN 31627 1393 9 of of IN 31627 1393 10 14,932 14,932 CD 31627 1393 11 feet foot NNS 31627 1393 12 ; ; : 31627 1393 13 and and CC 31627 1393 14 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1393 15 St. St. NNP 31627 1393 16 Elias Elias NNP 31627 1393 17 , , , 31627 1393 18 lat lat NN 31627 1393 19 . . . 31627 1394 1 60 60 CD 31627 1394 2 ° ° NNS 31627 1394 3 .5 .5 JJ 31627 1394 4 , , , 31627 1394 5 just just RB 31627 1394 6 within within IN 31627 1394 7 the the DT 31627 1394 8 divisional divisional JJ 31627 1394 9 line line NN 31627 1394 10 between between IN 31627 1394 11 British british JJ 31627 1394 12 and and CC 31627 1394 13 Russian russian JJ 31627 1394 14 territory territory NN 31627 1394 15 , , , 31627 1394 16 and and CC 31627 1394 17 reaching reach VBG 31627 1394 18 an an DT 31627 1394 19 altitude altitude NN 31627 1394 20 of of IN 31627 1394 21 16,860 16,860 CD 31627 1394 22 feet foot NNS 31627 1394 23 . . . 31627 1395 1 This this DT 31627 1395 2 , , , 31627 1395 3 the the DT 31627 1395 4 loftiest lofty JJS 31627 1395 5 of of IN 31627 1395 6 all all PDT 31627 1395 7 the the DT 31627 1395 8 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1395 9 of of IN 31627 1395 10 the the DT 31627 1395 11 North north JJ 31627 1395 12 American american JJ 31627 1395 13 continent continent NN 31627 1395 14 , , , 31627 1395 15 except except IN 31627 1395 16 those those DT 31627 1395 17 of of IN 31627 1395 18 Mexico Mexico NNP 31627 1395 19 , , , 31627 1395 20 may may MD 31627 1395 21 be be VB 31627 1395 22 considered consider VBN 31627 1395 23 as as IN 31627 1395 24 the the DT 31627 1395 25 connecting connect VBG 31627 1395 26 link link NN 31627 1395 27 in in IN 31627 1395 28 the the DT 31627 1395 29 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1395 30 chain chain NN 31627 1395 31 between between IN 31627 1395 32 the the DT 31627 1395 33 continent continent NN 31627 1395 34 and and CC 31627 1395 35 the the DT 31627 1395 36 Aleutian Aleutian NNP 31627 1395 37 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 1395 38 . . . 31627 1396 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1396 2 5 5 CD 31627 1396 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1396 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1396 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1396 6 e. e. NNP 31627 1396 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1396 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1396 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1396 10 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1396 11 Bonneville._--Returning bonneville._--returne VBG 31627 1396 12 to to IN 31627 1396 13 Utah Utah NNP 31627 1396 14 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1396 15 are be VBP 31627 1396 16 brought bring VBN 31627 1396 17 into into IN 31627 1396 18 contact contact NN 31627 1396 19 with with IN 31627 1396 20 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1396 21 of of IN 31627 1396 22 special special JJ 31627 1396 23 interest interest NN 31627 1396 24 , , , 31627 1396 25 owing owe VBG 31627 1396 26 to to IN 31627 1396 27 the the DT 31627 1396 28 inter inter NN 31627 1396 29 - - NNS 31627 1396 30 relations relation NNS 31627 1396 31 of of IN 31627 1396 32 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1396 33 and and CC 31627 1396 34 lacustrine lacustrine JJ 31627 1396 35 conditions condition NNS 31627 1396 36 which which WDT 31627 1396 37 once once RB 31627 1396 38 prevailed prevail VBD 31627 1396 39 over over IN 31627 1396 40 large large JJ 31627 1396 41 tracts tract NNS 31627 1396 42 of of IN 31627 1396 43 that that DT 31627 1396 44 territory territory NN 31627 1396 45 . . . 31627 1397 1 The the DT 31627 1397 2 present present JJ 31627 1397 3 Great Great NNP 31627 1397 4 Salt Salt NNP 31627 1397 5 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1397 6 , , , 31627 1397 7 and and CC 31627 1397 8 the the DT 31627 1397 9 smaller small JJR 31627 1397 10 neighbouring neighbouring NN 31627 1397 11 lakes lake NNS 31627 1397 12 , , , 31627 1397 13 those those DT 31627 1397 14 called call VBN 31627 1397 15 Utah Utah NNP 31627 1397 16 and and CC 31627 1397 17 Sevier Sevier NNP 31627 1397 18 , , , 31627 1397 19 are be VBP 31627 1397 20 but but CC 31627 1397 21 remnants remnant NNS 31627 1397 22 of of IN 31627 1397 23 an an DT 31627 1397 24 originally originally RB 31627 1397 25 far far RB 31627 1397 26 greater great JJR 31627 1397 27 expanse expanse NN 31627 1397 28 of of IN 31627 1397 29 inland inland NN 31627 1397 30 water water NN 31627 1397 31 , , , 31627 1397 32 the the DT 31627 1397 33 boundaries boundary NNS 31627 1397 34 of of IN 31627 1397 35 which which WDT 31627 1397 36 have have VBP 31627 1397 37 been be VBN 31627 1397 38 traced trace VBN 31627 1397 39 out out RP 31627 1397 40 by by IN 31627 1397 41 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1397 42 C. C. NNP 31627 1397 43 K. K. NNP 31627 1397 44 Gilbert Gilbert NNP 31627 1397 45 , , , 31627 1397 46 and and CC 31627 1397 47 described describe VBN 31627 1397 48 under under IN 31627 1397 49 the the DT 31627 1397 50 name name NN 31627 1397 51 of of IN 31627 1397 52 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1397 53 Bonneville Bonneville NNP 31627 1397 54 . . . 31627 1398 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1398 2 6 6 CD 31627 1398 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1398 4 The the DT 31627 1398 5 waters water NNS 31627 1398 6 of of IN 31627 1398 7 this this DT 31627 1398 8 lake lake NN 31627 1398 9 appear appear VBP 31627 1398 10 to to TO 31627 1398 11 have have VB 31627 1398 12 reached reach VBN 31627 1398 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1398 14 highest high JJS 31627 1398 15 level level NN 31627 1398 16 at at IN 31627 1398 17 the the DT 31627 1398 18 period period NN 31627 1398 19 of of IN 31627 1398 20 maximum maximum JJ 31627 1398 21 cold cold NN 31627 1398 22 of of IN 31627 1398 23 the the DT 31627 1398 24 Post Post NNP 31627 1398 25 - - JJ 31627 1398 26 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 1398 27 period period NN 31627 1398 28 , , , 31627 1398 29 when when WRB 31627 1398 30 the the DT 31627 1398 31 glaciers glacier NNS 31627 1398 32 descended descend VBD 31627 1398 33 to to IN 31627 1398 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1398 35 margin margin NN 31627 1398 36 , , , 31627 1398 37 and and CC 31627 1398 38 large large JJ 31627 1398 39 streams stream NNS 31627 1398 40 of of IN 31627 1398 41 glacier glacier NN 31627 1398 42 water water NN 31627 1398 43 were be VBD 31627 1398 44 poured pour VBN 31627 1398 45 into into IN 31627 1398 46 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1398 47 . . . 31627 1399 1 Eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1399 2 of of IN 31627 1399 3 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1399 4 lava lava NN 31627 1399 5 from from IN 31627 1399 6 successive successive JJ 31627 1399 7 craters crater NNS 31627 1399 8 appear appear VBP 31627 1399 9 to to TO 31627 1399 10 have have VB 31627 1399 11 gone go VBN 31627 1399 12 on on RP 31627 1399 13 before before RB 31627 1399 14 , , , 31627 1399 15 during during IN 31627 1399 16 , , , 31627 1399 17 and and CC 31627 1399 18 after after IN 31627 1399 19 the the DT 31627 1399 20 lacustrine lacustrine JJ 31627 1399 21 epochs epoch NNS 31627 1399 22 ; ; : 31627 1399 23 and and CC 31627 1399 24 the the DT 31627 1399 25 drying drying NN 31627 1399 26 up up RP 31627 1399 27 of of IN 31627 1399 28 the the DT 31627 1399 29 waters water NNS 31627 1399 30 over over IN 31627 1399 31 the the DT 31627 1399 32 greater great JJR 31627 1399 33 extent extent NN 31627 1399 34 of of IN 31627 1399 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1399 36 original original JJ 31627 1399 37 area area NN 31627 1399 38 , , , 31627 1399 39 now now RB 31627 1399 40 converted convert VBN 31627 1399 41 into into IN 31627 1399 42 the the DT 31627 1399 43 Sevier Sevier NNP 31627 1399 44 Desert Desert NNP 31627 1399 45 , , , 31627 1399 46 and and CC 31627 1399 47 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1399 48 concentration concentration NN 31627 1399 49 into into IN 31627 1399 50 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1399 51 present present JJ 31627 1399 52 comparatively comparatively RB 31627 1399 53 narrow narrow JJ 31627 1399 54 basins basin NNS 31627 1399 55 , , , 31627 1399 56 appears appear VBZ 31627 1399 57 to to TO 31627 1399 58 have have VB 31627 1399 59 proceeded proceed VBN 31627 1399 60 _ _ NNP 31627 1399 61 pari pari JJ 31627 1399 62 passu passu NN 31627 1399 63 _ _ NNP 31627 1399 64 with with IN 31627 1399 65 the the DT 31627 1399 66 gradual gradual JJ 31627 1399 67 extinction extinction NN 31627 1399 68 of of IN 31627 1399 69 the the DT 31627 1399 70 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1399 71 outbursts outburst NNS 31627 1399 72 . . . 31627 1400 1 Two two CD 31627 1400 2 successive successive JJ 31627 1400 3 epochs epoch NNS 31627 1400 4 of of IN 31627 1400 5 eruption eruption NN 31627 1400 6 of of IN 31627 1400 7 basalt basalt NN 31627 1400 8 appear appear VBP 31627 1400 9 to to TO 31627 1400 10 have have VB 31627 1400 11 been be VBN 31627 1400 12 clearly clearly RB 31627 1400 13 established establish VBN 31627 1400 14 -- -- : 31627 1400 15 an an DT 31627 1400 16 earlier early JJR 31627 1400 17 one one CD 31627 1400 18 of of IN 31627 1400 19 the the DT 31627 1400 20 " " `` 31627 1400 21 Provo Provo NNP 31627 1400 22 Age Age NNP 31627 1400 23 , , , 31627 1400 24 " " '' 31627 1400 25 when when WRB 31627 1400 26 the the DT 31627 1400 27 lava lava NN 31627 1400 28 was be VBD 31627 1400 29 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1400 30 from from IN 31627 1400 31 the the DT 31627 1400 32 Tabernacle Tabernacle NNP 31627 1400 33 craters crater NNS 31627 1400 34 , , , 31627 1400 35 and and CC 31627 1400 36 a a DT 31627 1400 37 later later JJ 31627 1400 38 epoch epoch NN 31627 1400 39 , , , 31627 1400 40 when when WRB 31627 1400 41 the the DT 31627 1400 42 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1400 43 took take VBD 31627 1400 44 place place NN 31627 1400 45 from from IN 31627 1400 46 the the DT 31627 1400 47 Ice Ice NNP 31627 1400 48 Spring Spring NNP 31627 1400 49 craters crater NNS 31627 1400 50 . . . 31627 1401 1 The the DT 31627 1401 2 oldest old JJS 31627 1401 3 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1401 4 rock rock NN 31627 1401 5 appears appear VBZ 31627 1401 6 to to TO 31627 1401 7 be be VB 31627 1401 8 rhyolite rhyolite JJ 31627 1401 9 , , , 31627 1401 10 which which WDT 31627 1401 11 peers peer VBZ 31627 1401 12 up up RP 31627 1401 13 in in IN 31627 1401 14 two two CD 31627 1401 15 small small JJ 31627 1401 16 hills hill NNS 31627 1401 17 almost almost RB 31627 1401 18 smothered smother VBN 31627 1401 19 beneath beneath IN 31627 1401 20 the the DT 31627 1401 21 lake lake NN 31627 1401 22 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1401 23 . . . 31627 1402 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1402 2 eruption eruption NN 31627 1402 3 was be VBD 31627 1402 4 long long RB 31627 1402 5 anterior anterior NN 31627 1402 6 to to IN 31627 1402 7 the the DT 31627 1402 8 lake lake NN 31627 1402 9 period period NN 31627 1402 10 . . . 31627 1403 1 On on IN 31627 1403 2 the the DT 31627 1403 3 other other JJ 31627 1403 4 hand hand NN 31627 1403 5 , , , 31627 1403 6 the the DT 31627 1403 7 cessation cessation NN 31627 1403 8 of of IN 31627 1403 9 the the DT 31627 1403 10 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1403 11 of of IN 31627 1403 12 the the DT 31627 1403 13 later later JJ 31627 1403 14 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1403 15 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1403 16 is be VBZ 31627 1403 17 evidently evidently RB 31627 1403 18 an an DT 31627 1403 19 event event NN 31627 1403 20 of of IN 31627 1403 21 such such JJ 31627 1403 22 recent recent JJ 31627 1403 23 date date NN 31627 1403 24 that that IN 31627 1403 25 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1403 26 Gilbert Gilbert NNP 31627 1403 27 is be VBZ 31627 1403 28 led lead VBN 31627 1403 29 to to TO 31627 1403 30 look look VB 31627 1403 31 forward forward RB 31627 1403 32 to to IN 31627 1403 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1403 34 resumption resumption NN 31627 1403 35 at at IN 31627 1403 36 some some DT 31627 1403 37 future future NN 31627 1403 38 , , , 31627 1403 39 but but CC 31627 1403 40 not not RB 31627 1403 41 distant distant JJ 31627 1403 42 , , , 31627 1403 43 epoch epoch NN 31627 1403 44 . . . 31627 1404 1 As as IN 31627 1404 2 he -PRON- PRP 31627 1404 3 truly truly RB 31627 1404 4 observes observe VBZ 31627 1404 5 , , , 31627 1404 6 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1404 7 are be VBP 31627 1404 8 not not RB 31627 1404 9 to to TO 31627 1404 10 infer infer VB 31627 1404 11 that that DT 31627 1404 12 , , , 31627 1404 13 because because IN 31627 1404 14 the the DT 31627 1404 15 outward outward JJ 31627 1404 16 manifestations manifestation NNS 31627 1404 17 of of IN 31627 1404 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1404 19 action action NN 31627 1404 20 have have VBP 31627 1404 21 ceased cease VBN 31627 1404 22 , , , 31627 1404 23 the the DT 31627 1404 24 internal internal JJ 31627 1404 25 causes cause NNS 31627 1404 26 of of IN 31627 1404 27 those those DT 31627 1404 28 manifestations manifestation NNS 31627 1404 29 have have VBP 31627 1404 30 passed pass VBN 31627 1404 31 away away RB 31627 1404 32 . . . 31627 1405 1 These these DT 31627 1405 2 are be VBP 31627 1405 3 still still RB 31627 1405 4 in in IN 31627 1405 5 operation operation NN 31627 1405 6 , , , 31627 1405 7 and and CC 31627 1405 8 must must MD 31627 1405 9 make make VB 31627 1405 10 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 1405 11 felt feel VBD 31627 1405 12 when when WRB 31627 1405 13 the the DT 31627 1405 14 internal internal JJ 31627 1405 15 forces force NNS 31627 1405 16 have have VBP 31627 1405 17 recovered recover VBN 31627 1405 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1405 19 exhausted exhausted JJ 31627 1405 20 energies energy NNS 31627 1405 21 ; ; : 31627 1405 22 but but CC 31627 1405 23 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 1405 24 not not RB 31627 1405 25 to to IN 31627 1405 26 the the DT 31627 1405 27 same same JJ 31627 1405 28 extent extent NN 31627 1405 29 as as IN 31627 1405 30 before before RB 31627 1405 31 . . . 31627 1406 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1406 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1406 3 f. f. NNP 31627 1406 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1406 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1406 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1406 7 Region Region NNP 31627 1406 8 of of IN 31627 1406 9 the the DT 31627 1406 10 Snake Snake NNP 31627 1406 11 River._--The River._--The NNP 31627 1406 12 tract tract NN 31627 1406 13 of of IN 31627 1406 14 country country NN 31627 1406 15 bordering border VBG 31627 1406 16 the the DT 31627 1406 17 Snake Snake NNP 31627 1406 18 River River NNP 31627 1406 19 in in IN 31627 1406 20 Idaho Idaho NNP 31627 1406 21 and and CC 31627 1406 22 Washington Washington NNP 31627 1406 23 is be VBZ 31627 1406 24 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1406 25 for for IN 31627 1406 26 the the DT 31627 1406 27 vast vast JJ 31627 1406 28 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1406 29 of of IN 31627 1406 30 plateau plateau NN 31627 1406 31 - - HYPH 31627 1406 32 basalt basalt NN 31627 1406 33 with with IN 31627 1406 34 which which WDT 31627 1406 35 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1406 36 is be VBZ 31627 1406 37 overspread overspread NN 31627 1406 38 , , , 31627 1406 39 extending extend VBG 31627 1406 40 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1406 41 in in IN 31627 1406 42 one one CD 31627 1406 43 great great JJ 31627 1406 44 flood flood NN 31627 1406 45 farther far RBR 31627 1406 46 than than IN 31627 1406 47 the the DT 31627 1406 48 eye eye NN 31627 1406 49 can can MD 31627 1406 50 reach reach VB 31627 1406 51 , , , 31627 1406 52 and and CC 31627 1406 53 what what WP 31627 1406 54 is be VBZ 31627 1406 55 still still RB 31627 1406 56 more more RBR 31627 1406 57 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1406 58 , , , 31627 1406 59 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1406 60 are be VBP 31627 1406 61 often often RB 31627 1406 62 unaccompanied unaccompanied JJ 31627 1406 63 by by IN 31627 1406 64 any any DT 31627 1406 65 visible visible JJ 31627 1406 66 craters crater NNS 31627 1406 67 or or CC 31627 1406 68 vents vent NNS 31627 1406 69 of of IN 31627 1406 70 eruption eruption NN 31627 1406 71 . . . 31627 1407 1 In in IN 31627 1407 2 Oregon Oregon NNP 31627 1407 3 the the DT 31627 1407 4 plateau plateau NN 31627 1407 5 - - HYPH 31627 1407 6 basalt basalt NN 31627 1407 7 is be VBZ 31627 1407 8 at at RB 31627 1407 9 least least RBS 31627 1407 10 2,000 2,000 CD 31627 1407 11 feet foot NNS 31627 1407 12 in in IN 31627 1407 13 thickness thickness NN 31627 1407 14 , , , 31627 1407 15 and and CC 31627 1407 16 where where WRB 31627 1407 17 traversed traverse VBN 31627 1407 18 by by IN 31627 1407 19 the the DT 31627 1407 20 Columbia Columbia NNP 31627 1407 21 River River NNP 31627 1407 22 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1407 23 reaches reach VBZ 31627 1407 24 a a DT 31627 1407 25 thickness thickness NN 31627 1407 26 of of IN 31627 1407 27 about about IN 31627 1407 28 3,000 3,000 CD 31627 1407 29 feet foot NNS 31627 1407 30 . . . 31627 1408 1 The the DT 31627 1408 2 Snake Snake NNP 31627 1408 3 and and CC 31627 1408 4 Columbia Columbia NNP 31627 1408 5 rivers river NNS 31627 1408 6 are be VBP 31627 1408 7 lined line VBN 31627 1408 8 by by IN 31627 1408 9 walls wall NNS 31627 1408 10 of of IN 31627 1408 11 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1408 12 rock rock NN 31627 1408 13 , , , 31627 1408 14 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1408 15 above above RB 31627 1408 16 , , , 31627 1408 17 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1408 18 below below RB 31627 1408 19 , , , 31627 1408 20 for for IN 31627 1408 21 a a DT 31627 1408 22 distance distance NN 31627 1408 23 of of IN 31627 1408 24 , , , 31627 1408 25 in in IN 31627 1408 26 the the DT 31627 1408 27 former former JJ 31627 1408 28 , , , 31627 1408 29 one one CD 31627 1408 30 hundred hundred CD 31627 1408 31 , , , 31627 1408 32 in in IN 31627 1408 33 the the DT 31627 1408 34 latter latter JJ 31627 1408 35 , , , 31627 1408 36 two two CD 31627 1408 37 hundred hundred CD 31627 1408 38 , , , 31627 1408 39 miles mile NNS 31627 1408 40 . . . 31627 1409 1 Captain Captain NNP 31627 1409 2 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 1409 3 , , , 31627 1409 4 in in IN 31627 1409 5 describing describe VBG 31627 1409 6 the the DT 31627 1409 7 High High NNP 31627 1409 8 Plateau Plateau NNP 31627 1409 9 of of IN 31627 1409 10 Utah Utah NNP 31627 1409 11 , , , 31627 1409 12 observes observe VBZ 31627 1409 13 that that IN 31627 1409 14 the the DT 31627 1409 15 lavas lavas NN 31627 1409 16 appear appear VBP 31627 1409 17 to to TO 31627 1409 18 have have VB 31627 1409 19 welled well VBN 31627 1409 20 up up RP 31627 1409 21 in in IN 31627 1409 22 mighty mighty JJ 31627 1409 23 floods flood NNS 31627 1409 24 without without IN 31627 1409 25 any any DT 31627 1409 26 of of IN 31627 1409 27 that that DT 31627 1409 28 explosive explosive JJ 31627 1409 29 violence violence NN 31627 1409 30 generally generally RB 31627 1409 31 characteristic characteristic JJ 31627 1409 32 of of IN 31627 1409 33 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1409 34 action action NN 31627 1409 35 . . . 31627 1410 1 This this DT 31627 1410 2 extravasated extravasated JJ 31627 1410 3 matter matter NN 31627 1410 4 has have VBZ 31627 1410 5 spread spread VBN 31627 1410 6 over over IN 31627 1410 7 wide wide JJ 31627 1410 8 fields field NNS 31627 1410 9 , , , 31627 1410 10 deluging deluge VBG 31627 1410 11 the the DT 31627 1410 12 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1410 13 country country NN 31627 1410 14 like like IN 31627 1410 15 a a DT 31627 1410 16 tide tide NN 31627 1410 17 in in IN 31627 1410 18 a a DT 31627 1410 19 bay bay NN 31627 1410 20 , , , 31627 1410 21 and and CC 31627 1410 22 overflowing overflow VBG 31627 1410 23 all all DT 31627 1410 24 inequalities inequality NNS 31627 1410 25 . . . 31627 1411 1 Here here RB 31627 1411 2 also also RB 31627 1411 3 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1411 4 have have VBP 31627 1411 5 evidence evidence NN 31627 1411 6 of of IN 31627 1411 7 older old JJR 31627 1411 8 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1411 9 cones cone NNS 31627 1411 10 buried bury VBN 31627 1411 11 beneath beneath IN 31627 1411 12 seas sea NNS 31627 1411 13 of of IN 31627 1411 14 lava lava NN 31627 1411 15 subsequently subsequently RB 31627 1411 16 extruded extrude VBD 31627 1411 17 . . . 31627 1412 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1412 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1412 3 g. g. NNP 31627 1412 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1412 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1412 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1412 7 Fissures Fissures NNPS 31627 1412 8 of of IN 31627 1412 9 Eruption._--The eruption._--the CD 31627 1412 10 absence absence NN 31627 1412 11 , , , 31627 1412 12 or or CC 31627 1412 13 rarity rarity NN 31627 1412 14 , , , 31627 1412 15 of of IN 31627 1412 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1412 17 craters crater NNS 31627 1412 18 or or CC 31627 1412 19 cones cone NNS 31627 1412 20 of of IN 31627 1412 21 eruption eruption NN 31627 1412 22 in in IN 31627 1412 23 the the DT 31627 1412 24 neighbourhood neighbourhood NN 31627 1412 25 of of IN 31627 1412 26 these these DT 31627 1412 27 great great JJ 31627 1412 28 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1412 29 has have VBZ 31627 1412 30 led lead VBN 31627 1412 31 American american JJ 31627 1412 32 geologists geologist NNS 31627 1412 33 to to IN 31627 1412 34 the the DT 31627 1412 35 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 1412 36 that that IN 31627 1412 37 the the DT 31627 1412 38 lavas lavas NN 31627 1412 39 were be VBD 31627 1412 40 in in IN 31627 1412 41 many many JJ 31627 1412 42 cases case NNS 31627 1412 43 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1412 44 from from IN 31627 1412 45 fissures fissure NNS 31627 1412 46 in in IN 31627 1412 47 the the DT 31627 1412 48 earth earth NN 31627 1412 49 's 's POS 31627 1412 50 crust crust NN 31627 1412 51 rather rather RB 31627 1412 52 than than IN 31627 1412 53 from from IN 31627 1412 54 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 1412 55 craters crater NNS 31627 1412 56 . . . 31627 1413 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1413 2 7 7 LS 31627 1413 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1413 4 This this DT 31627 1413 5 view view NN 31627 1413 6 is be VBZ 31627 1413 7 also also RB 31627 1413 8 urged urge VBN 31627 1413 9 by by IN 31627 1413 10 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1413 11 A. A. NNP 31627 1413 12 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1413 13 , , , 31627 1413 14 who who WP 31627 1413 15 visited visit VBD 31627 1413 16 the the DT 31627 1413 17 Utah Utah NNP 31627 1413 18 region region NN 31627 1413 19 of of IN 31627 1413 20 the the DT 31627 1413 21 Snake Snake NNP 31627 1413 22 River River NNP 31627 1413 23 in in IN 31627 1413 24 1880 1880 CD 31627 1413 25 , , , 31627 1413 26 and and CC 31627 1413 27 has have VBZ 31627 1413 28 vividly vividly RB 31627 1413 29 described describe VBN 31627 1413 30 the the DT 31627 1413 31 impression impression NN 31627 1413 32 produced produce VBN 31627 1413 33 by by IN 31627 1413 34 the the DT 31627 1413 35 sight sight NN 31627 1413 36 of of IN 31627 1413 37 these these DT 31627 1413 38 vast vast JJ 31627 1413 39 fields field NNS 31627 1413 40 of of IN 31627 1413 41 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1413 42 lava lava NN 31627 1413 43 . . . 31627 1414 1 He -PRON- PRP 31627 1414 2 says say VBZ 31627 1414 3 , , , 31627 1414 4 " " `` 31627 1414 5 We -PRON- PRP 31627 1414 6 found find VBD 31627 1414 7 that that IN 31627 1414 8 the the DT 31627 1414 9 older old JJR 31627 1414 10 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1414 11 lavas lavas NN 31627 1414 12 of of IN 31627 1414 13 the the DT 31627 1414 14 hills hill NNS 31627 1414 15 had have VBD 31627 1414 16 been be VBN 31627 1414 17 deeply deeply RB 31627 1414 18 trenched trench VBN 31627 1414 19 by by IN 31627 1414 20 the the DT 31627 1414 21 lateral lateral JJ 31627 1414 22 valleys valley NNS 31627 1414 23 , , , 31627 1414 24 and and CC 31627 1414 25 that that IN 31627 1414 26 all all PDT 31627 1414 27 these these DT 31627 1414 28 valleys valley NNS 31627 1414 29 had have VBD 31627 1414 30 a a DT 31627 1414 31 floor floor NN 31627 1414 32 of of IN 31627 1414 33 black black JJ 31627 1414 34 basalt basalt NN 31627 1414 35 that that WDT 31627 1414 36 had have VBD 31627 1414 37 been be VBN 31627 1414 38 poured pour VBN 31627 1414 39 out out RP 31627 1414 40 as as IN 31627 1414 41 the the DT 31627 1414 42 last last JJ 31627 1414 43 of of IN 31627 1414 44 the the DT 31627 1414 45 molten molten JJ 31627 1414 46 materials material NNS 31627 1414 47 from from IN 31627 1414 48 the the DT 31627 1414 49 now now RB 31627 1414 50 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1414 51 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1414 52 . . . 31627 1415 1 There there EX 31627 1415 2 were be VBD 31627 1415 3 no no DT 31627 1415 4 visible visible JJ 31627 1415 5 cones cone NNS 31627 1415 6 or or CC 31627 1415 7 vents vent NNS 31627 1415 8 from from IN 31627 1415 9 which which WDT 31627 1415 10 these these DT 31627 1415 11 floods flood NNS 31627 1415 12 of of IN 31627 1415 13 basalt basalt NN 31627 1415 14 could could MD 31627 1415 15 have have VB 31627 1415 16 proceeded proceed VBN 31627 1415 17 . . . 31627 1416 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 1416 2 rode ride VBD 31627 1416 3 for for IN 31627 1416 4 hours hour NNS 31627 1416 5 by by IN 31627 1416 6 the the DT 31627 1416 7 margin margin NN 31627 1416 8 of of IN 31627 1416 9 a a DT 31627 1416 10 vast vast JJ 31627 1416 11 plain plain NN 31627 1416 12 of of IN 31627 1416 13 basalt basalt NN 31627 1416 14 stretching stretching NN 31627 1416 15 southward southward RB 31627 1416 16 and and CC 31627 1416 17 westward westward RB 31627 1416 18 as as RB 31627 1416 19 far far RB 31627 1416 20 as as IN 31627 1416 21 the the DT 31627 1416 22 eye eye NN 31627 1416 23 could could MD 31627 1416 24 reach reach VB 31627 1416 25 .... .... . 31627 1417 1 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1417 2 realised realise VBD 31627 1417 3 the the DT 31627 1417 4 truth truth NN 31627 1417 5 of of IN 31627 1417 6 an an DT 31627 1417 7 assertion assertion NN 31627 1417 8 made make VBN 31627 1417 9 first first JJ 31627 1417 10 by by IN 31627 1417 11 Richthofen,[8 Richthofen,[8 NNP 31627 1417 12 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1417 13 that that IN 31627 1417 14 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1417 15 modern modern JJ 31627 1417 16 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1417 17 , , , 31627 1417 18 such such JJ 31627 1417 19 as as IN 31627 1417 20 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 1417 21 and and CC 31627 1417 22 Etna Etna NNP 31627 1417 23 , , , 31627 1417 24 present present VB 31627 1417 25 us -PRON- PRP 31627 1417 26 with with IN 31627 1417 27 by by IN 31627 1417 28 no no DT 31627 1417 29 means means NN 31627 1417 30 the the DT 31627 1417 31 grandest grand JJS 31627 1417 32 type type NN 31627 1417 33 of of IN 31627 1417 34 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1417 35 action action NN 31627 1417 36 , , , 31627 1417 37 but but CC 31627 1417 38 rather rather RB 31627 1417 39 belong belong VB 31627 1417 40 to to IN 31627 1417 41 a a DT 31627 1417 42 time time NN 31627 1417 43 of of IN 31627 1417 44 failing fail VBG 31627 1417 45 activity activity NN 31627 1417 46 . . . 31627 1418 1 There there EX 31627 1418 2 have have VBP 31627 1418 3 been be VBN 31627 1418 4 periods period NNS 31627 1418 5 of of IN 31627 1418 6 tremendous tremendous JJ 31627 1418 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1418 8 energy energy NN 31627 1418 9 , , , 31627 1418 10 when when WRB 31627 1418 11 instead instead RB 31627 1418 12 of of IN 31627 1418 13 escaping escape VBG 31627 1418 14 from from IN 31627 1418 15 a a DT 31627 1418 16 local local JJ 31627 1418 17 vent vent NN 31627 1418 18 , , , 31627 1418 19 like like IN 31627 1418 20 a a DT 31627 1418 21 Vesuvian vesuvian JJ 31627 1418 22 cone cone NN 31627 1418 23 , , , 31627 1418 24 the the DT 31627 1418 25 lava lava NN 31627 1418 26 has have VBZ 31627 1418 27 found find VBN 31627 1418 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1418 29 way way NN 31627 1418 30 to to IN 31627 1418 31 the the DT 31627 1418 32 surface surface NN 31627 1418 33 by by IN 31627 1418 34 innumerable innumerable JJ 31627 1418 35 fissures fissure NNS 31627 1418 36 opened open VBN 31627 1418 37 for for IN 31627 1418 38 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1418 39 in in IN 31627 1418 40 the the DT 31627 1418 41 solid solid JJ 31627 1418 42 crust crust NN 31627 1418 43 of of IN 31627 1418 44 the the DT 31627 1418 45 globe globe NN 31627 1418 46 over over IN 31627 1418 47 thousands thousand NNS 31627 1418 48 of of IN 31627 1418 49 square square JJ 31627 1418 50 miles mile NNS 31627 1418 51 . . . 31627 1419 1 " " `` 31627 1419 2 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1419 3 9 9 CD 31627 1419 4 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1419 5 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1419 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1419 7 h. h. NNP 31627 1419 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1419 9 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1419 10 _ _ NNP 31627 1419 11 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1419 12 History history NN 31627 1419 13 of of IN 31627 1419 14 Western Western NNP 31627 1419 15 America._--The america._--the NN 31627 1419 16 general general JJ 31627 1419 17 succession succession NN 31627 1419 18 of of IN 31627 1419 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1419 20 events event NNS 31627 1419 21 throughout throughout IN 31627 1419 22 the the DT 31627 1419 23 region region NN 31627 1419 24 of of IN 31627 1419 25 Western Western NNP 31627 1419 26 America America NNP 31627 1419 27 appears appear VBZ 31627 1419 28 to to TO 31627 1419 29 have have VB 31627 1419 30 been be VBN 31627 1419 31 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 1419 32 as as IN 31627 1419 33 follows:--[10 follows:--[10 ADD 31627 1419 34 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1419 35 The the DT 31627 1419 36 earliest early JJS 31627 1419 37 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1419 38 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1419 39 occurred occur VBD 31627 1419 40 in in IN 31627 1419 41 the the DT 31627 1419 42 later later JJ 31627 1419 43 Eocene Eocene NNP 31627 1419 44 epoch epoch NN 31627 1419 45 and and CC 31627 1419 46 were be VBD 31627 1419 47 continued continue VBN 31627 1419 48 into into IN 31627 1419 49 the the DT 31627 1419 50 succeeding succeed VBG 31627 1419 51 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1419 52 stage stage NN 31627 1419 53 . . . 31627 1420 1 These these DT 31627 1420 2 consisted consist VBD 31627 1420 3 of of IN 31627 1420 4 rocks rock NNS 31627 1420 5 moderately moderately RB 31627 1420 6 rich rich JJ 31627 1420 7 in in IN 31627 1420 8 silica silica NN 31627 1420 9 , , , 31627 1420 10 and and CC 31627 1420 11 are be VBP 31627 1420 12 grouped group VBN 31627 1420 13 under under IN 31627 1420 14 the the DT 31627 1420 15 heads head NNS 31627 1420 16 of of IN 31627 1420 17 propylite propylite NNP 31627 1420 18 and and CC 31627 1420 19 andesite andesite RB 31627 1420 20 . . . 31627 1421 1 To to IN 31627 1421 2 these these DT 31627 1421 3 succeeded succeed VBN 31627 1421 4 during during IN 31627 1421 5 the the DT 31627 1421 6 Pliocene Pliocene NNP 31627 1421 7 epoch epoch NN 31627 1421 8 still still RB 31627 1421 9 more more RBR 31627 1421 10 highly highly RB 31627 1421 11 silicated silicated JJ 31627 1421 12 rocks rock NNS 31627 1421 13 of of IN 31627 1421 14 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1421 15 type type NN 31627 1421 16 , , , 31627 1421 17 consisting consist VBG 31627 1421 18 of of IN 31627 1421 19 sanidine sanidine CD 31627 1421 20 and and CC 31627 1421 21 oligoclase oligoclase NN 31627 1421 22 trachytes trachyte NNS 31627 1421 23 . . . 31627 1422 1 Then then RB 31627 1422 2 came come VBD 31627 1422 3 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1422 4 of of IN 31627 1422 5 rhyolite rhyolite NN 31627 1422 6 during during IN 31627 1422 7 the the DT 31627 1422 8 later later JJ 31627 1422 9 Pliocene Pliocene NNP 31627 1422 10 and and CC 31627 1422 11 Pleistocene Pleistocene NNP 31627 1422 12 epochs epoch NNS 31627 1422 13 ; ; : 31627 1422 14 and and CC 31627 1422 15 lastly lastly RB 31627 1422 16 , , , 31627 1422 17 after after IN 31627 1422 18 a a DT 31627 1422 19 period period NN 31627 1422 20 of of IN 31627 1422 21 cessation cessation NN 31627 1422 22 , , , 31627 1422 23 during during IN 31627 1422 24 which which WDT 31627 1422 25 the the DT 31627 1422 26 rocks rock NNS 31627 1422 27 just just RB 31627 1422 28 described describe VBN 31627 1422 29 were be VBD 31627 1422 30 greatly greatly RB 31627 1422 31 eroded erode VBN 31627 1422 32 , , , 31627 1422 33 came come VBD 31627 1422 34 the the DT 31627 1422 35 great great JJ 31627 1422 36 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1422 37 of of IN 31627 1422 38 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1422 39 lava lava NN 31627 1422 40 , , , 31627 1422 41 deluging deluge VBG 31627 1422 42 the the DT 31627 1422 43 plains plain NNS 31627 1422 44 , , , 31627 1422 45 winding wind VBG 31627 1422 46 round round IN 31627 1422 47 the the DT 31627 1422 48 cones cone NNS 31627 1422 49 or or CC 31627 1422 50 plateaux plateaux NN 31627 1422 51 of of IN 31627 1422 52 the the DT 31627 1422 53 older old JJR 31627 1422 54 lavas lavas NNP 31627 1422 55 , , , 31627 1422 56 descending descend VBG 31627 1422 57 into into IN 31627 1422 58 the the DT 31627 1422 59 river river NN 31627 1422 60 valleys valley NNS 31627 1422 61 and and CC 31627 1422 62 flooding flood VBG 31627 1422 63 the the DT 31627 1422 64 lake lake NN 31627 1422 65 beds bed NNS 31627 1422 66 , , , 31627 1422 67 issuing issue VBG 31627 1422 68 forth forth RB 31627 1422 69 from from IN 31627 1422 70 both both DT 31627 1422 71 vents vent NNS 31627 1422 72 and and CC 31627 1422 73 fissures fissure NNS 31627 1422 74 , , , 31627 1422 75 and and CC 31627 1422 76 continuing continue VBG 31627 1422 77 intermittently intermittently RB 31627 1422 78 down down RB 31627 1422 79 almost almost RB 31627 1422 80 into into IN 31627 1422 81 the the DT 31627 1422 82 present present JJ 31627 1422 83 day day NN 31627 1422 84 -- -- : 31627 1422 85 certainly certainly RB 31627 1422 86 into into IN 31627 1422 87 the the DT 31627 1422 88 period period NN 31627 1422 89 of of IN 31627 1422 90 man man NN 31627 1422 91 's 's POS 31627 1422 92 appearance appearance NN 31627 1422 93 on on IN 31627 1422 94 the the DT 31627 1422 95 scene scene NN 31627 1422 96 . . . 31627 1423 1 Thus thus RB 31627 1423 2 the the DT 31627 1423 3 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1423 4 history history NN 31627 1423 5 of of IN 31627 1423 6 Western Western NNP 31627 1423 7 America America NNP 31627 1423 8 corresponds correspond VBZ 31627 1423 9 remarkably remarkably RB 31627 1423 10 to to IN 31627 1423 11 that that DT 31627 1423 12 of of IN 31627 1423 13 the the DT 31627 1423 14 European european JJ 31627 1423 15 regions region NNS 31627 1423 16 with with IN 31627 1423 17 which which WDT 31627 1423 18 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1423 19 have have VBP 31627 1423 20 previously previously RB 31627 1423 21 dealt deal VBN 31627 1423 22 , , , 31627 1423 23 both both CC 31627 1423 24 as as IN 31627 1423 25 regards regard VBZ 31627 1423 26 the the DT 31627 1423 27 succession succession NN 31627 1423 28 of of IN 31627 1423 29 the the DT 31627 1423 30 various various JJ 31627 1423 31 lavas lavas NN 31627 1423 32 and and CC 31627 1423 33 the the DT 31627 1423 34 epochs epoch NNS 31627 1423 35 of of IN 31627 1423 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1423 37 eruption eruption NN 31627 1423 38 . . . 31627 1424 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1424 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1424 3 i. i. NNP 31627 1424 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1424 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1424 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1424 7 The the DT 31627 1424 8 Yellowstone Yellowstone NNP 31627 1424 9 Park._--The Park._--The NNP 31627 1424 10 geysers geyser NNS 31627 1424 11 and and CC 31627 1424 12 hot hot JJ 31627 1424 13 springs spring NNS 31627 1424 14 of of IN 31627 1424 15 the the DT 31627 1424 16 Yellowstone Yellowstone NNP 31627 1424 17 Park Park NNP 31627 1424 18 , , , 31627 1424 19 like like IN 31627 1424 20 those those DT 31627 1424 21 in in IN 31627 1424 22 Iceland Iceland NNP 31627 1424 23 and and CC 31627 1424 24 New New NNP 31627 1424 25 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 1424 26 , , , 31627 1424 27 are be VBP 31627 1424 28 special special JJ 31627 1424 29 manifestations manifestation NNS 31627 1424 30 of of IN 31627 1424 31 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1424 32 action action NN 31627 1424 33 , , , 31627 1424 34 generally generally RB 31627 1424 35 in in IN 31627 1424 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1424 37 secondary secondary JJ 31627 1424 38 or or CC 31627 1424 39 moribund moribund JJ 31627 1424 40 stage stage NN 31627 1424 41 . . . 31627 1425 1 The the DT 31627 1425 2 geysers geyser NNS 31627 1425 3 of of IN 31627 1425 4 the the DT 31627 1425 5 Yellowstone Yellowstone NNP 31627 1425 6 occur occur VBP 31627 1425 7 on on IN 31627 1425 8 a a DT 31627 1425 9 grand grand JJ 31627 1425 10 scale scale NN 31627 1425 11 ; ; : 31627 1425 12 the the DT 31627 1425 13 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1425 14 are be VBP 31627 1425 15 frequent frequent JJ 31627 1425 16 , , , 31627 1425 17 and and CC 31627 1425 18 the the DT 31627 1425 19 water water NN 31627 1425 20 is be VBZ 31627 1425 21 projected project VBN 31627 1425 22 into into IN 31627 1425 23 the the DT 31627 1425 24 air air NN 31627 1425 25 to to IN 31627 1425 26 a a DT 31627 1425 27 height height NN 31627 1425 28 of of IN 31627 1425 29 over over IN 31627 1425 30 200 200 CD 31627 1425 31 feet foot NNS 31627 1425 32 . . . 31627 1426 1 Most Most JJS 31627 1426 2 of of IN 31627 1426 3 these these DT 31627 1426 4 are be VBP 31627 1426 5 intermittent intermittent JJ 31627 1426 6 , , , 31627 1426 7 like like IN 31627 1426 8 the the DT 31627 1426 9 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1426 10 one one NN 31627 1426 11 known know VBN 31627 1426 12 as as IN 31627 1426 13 Old Old NNP 31627 1426 14 Faithful Faithful NNP 31627 1426 15 , , , 31627 1426 16 the the DT 31627 1426 17 Castle Castle NNP 31627 1426 18 Geyser Geyser NNP 31627 1426 19 , , , 31627 1426 20 and and CC 31627 1426 21 the the DT 31627 1426 22 Giantess Giantess NNP 31627 1426 23 Geyser Geyser NNP 31627 1426 24 described describe VBN 31627 1426 25 by by IN 31627 1426 26 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1426 27 Hayden Hayden NNP 31627 1426 28 , , , 31627 1426 29 which which WDT 31627 1426 30 ejects eject VBZ 31627 1426 31 the the DT 31627 1426 32 water water NN 31627 1426 33 to to IN 31627 1426 34 a a DT 31627 1426 35 height height NN 31627 1426 36 of of IN 31627 1426 37 250 250 CD 31627 1426 38 feet foot NNS 31627 1426 39 . . . 31627 1427 1 The the DT 31627 1427 2 geyser geyser NN 31627 1427 3 - - HYPH 31627 1427 4 waters water NNS 31627 1427 5 hold hold VBP 31627 1427 6 large large JJ 31627 1427 7 quantities quantity NNS 31627 1427 8 of of IN 31627 1427 9 silica silica NN 31627 1427 10 and and CC 31627 1427 11 sulphur sulphur NNP 31627 1427 12 in in IN 31627 1427 13 solution solution NN 31627 1427 14 , , , 31627 1427 15 owing owe VBG 31627 1427 16 to to IN 31627 1427 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1427 18 high high JJ 31627 1427 19 temperature temperature NN 31627 1427 20 under under IN 31627 1427 21 great great JJ 31627 1427 22 pressure pressure NN 31627 1427 23 , , , 31627 1427 24 and and CC 31627 1427 25 these these DT 31627 1427 26 minerals mineral NNS 31627 1427 27 are be VBP 31627 1427 28 precipitated precipitate VBN 31627 1427 29 upon upon IN 31627 1427 30 the the DT 31627 1427 31 cooling cooling NN 31627 1427 32 of of IN 31627 1427 33 the the DT 31627 1427 34 waters water NNS 31627 1427 35 in in IN 31627 1427 36 the the DT 31627 1427 37 air air NN 31627 1427 38 , , , 31627 1427 39 and and CC 31627 1427 40 form form VB 31627 1427 41 circular circular JJ 31627 1427 42 basins basin NNS 31627 1427 43 , , , 31627 1427 44 often often RB 31627 1427 45 gorgeously gorgeously RB 31627 1427 46 tinted tint VBN 31627 1427 47 with with IN 31627 1427 48 red red JJ 31627 1427 49 and and CC 31627 1427 50 yellow yellow JJ 31627 1427 51 colours colour NNS 31627 1427 52 . . . 31627 1428 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1428 2 11 11 CD 31627 1428 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1428 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1428 5 1 1 CD 31627 1428 6 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1428 7 J. J. NNP 31627 1428 8 W. W. NNP 31627 1428 9 Powell Powell NNP 31627 1428 10 , , , 31627 1428 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1428 12 Exploration Exploration NNP 31627 1428 13 of of IN 31627 1428 14 the the DT 31627 1428 15 Cañons Cañons NNPS 31627 1428 16 of of IN 31627 1428 17 the the DT 31627 1428 18 Colorado Colorado NNP 31627 1428 19 _ _ NNP 31627 1428 20 , , , 31627 1428 21 pp pp NNP 31627 1428 22 . . . 31627 1429 1 114 114 CD 31627 1429 2 , , , 31627 1429 3 196 196 CD 31627 1429 4 . . . 31627 1430 1 Major Major NNP 31627 1430 2 Powell Powell NNP 31627 1430 3 describes describe VBZ 31627 1430 4 a a DT 31627 1430 5 fault fault NN 31627 1430 6 or or CC 31627 1430 7 fissure fissure NN 31627 1430 8 through through IN 31627 1430 9 which which WDT 31627 1430 10 floods flood NNS 31627 1430 11 of of IN 31627 1430 12 lava lava NN 31627 1430 13 have have VBP 31627 1430 14 been be VBN 31627 1430 15 forced force VBN 31627 1430 16 up up RP 31627 1430 17 from from IN 31627 1430 18 beneath beneath NNP 31627 1430 19 and and CC 31627 1430 20 have have VBP 31627 1430 21 been be VBN 31627 1430 22 poured pour VBN 31627 1430 23 over over IN 31627 1430 24 the the DT 31627 1430 25 surface surface NN 31627 1430 26 . . . 31627 1431 1 Many many JJ 31627 1431 2 cinder cinder NN 31627 1431 3 - - HYPH 31627 1431 4 cones cone NNS 31627 1431 5 are be VBP 31627 1431 6 planted plant VBN 31627 1431 7 along along IN 31627 1431 8 the the DT 31627 1431 9 line line NN 31627 1431 10 of of IN 31627 1431 11 this this DT 31627 1431 12 fissure fissure NN 31627 1431 13 . . . 31627 1432 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1432 2 2 2 LS 31627 1432 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1432 4 Capt Capt NNP 31627 1432 5 . . . 31627 1433 1 C. C. NNP 31627 1433 2 E. E. NNP 31627 1433 3 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 1433 4 . . . 31627 1434 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1434 2 Sixth Sixth NNP 31627 1434 3 Ann Ann NNP 31627 1434 4 . . . 31627 1435 1 Rep. Rep. NNP 31627 1435 2 U.S. U.S. NNP 31627 1435 3 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1435 4 . . . 31627 1436 1 Survey Survey NNP 31627 1436 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1436 3 , , , 31627 1436 4 1884 1884 CD 31627 1436 5 - - SYM 31627 1436 6 85 85 CD 31627 1436 7 . . . 31627 1437 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1437 2 3 3 LS 31627 1437 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1437 4 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 1437 5 , , , 31627 1437 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1437 7 loc loc NNP 31627 1437 8 . . . 31627 1438 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1438 2 . . . 31627 1438 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1438 4 , , , 31627 1438 5 chap chap NNP 31627 1438 6 . . . 31627 1439 1 iv iv XX 31627 1439 2 . . . 31627 1440 1 p. p. NN 31627 1440 2 165 165 CD 31627 1440 3 . . . 31627 1441 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1441 2 4 4 CD 31627 1441 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1441 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1441 5 Amer Amer NNP 31627 1441 6 . . . 31627 1442 1 Jour Jour NNP 31627 1442 2 . . . 31627 1443 1 Science Science NNP 31627 1443 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1443 3 , , , 31627 1443 4 vol vol NNP 31627 1443 5 . . . 31627 1444 1 3 3 LS 31627 1444 2 . . . 31627 1444 3 , , , 31627 1444 4 ser ser NNP 31627 1444 5 . . . 31627 1445 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1445 2 1871 1871 CD 31627 1445 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1445 4 . . . 31627 1446 1 A a DT 31627 1446 2 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 1446 3 map map NN 31627 1446 4 of of IN 31627 1446 5 this this DT 31627 1446 6 mountain mountain NN 31627 1446 7 is be VBZ 31627 1446 8 given give VBN 31627 1446 9 in in IN 31627 1446 10 the the DT 31627 1446 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1446 12 Fifth Fifth NNP 31627 1446 13 Annual Annual NNP 31627 1446 14 Report Report NNP 31627 1446 15 , , , 31627 1446 16 U.S. U.S. NNP 31627 1446 17 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1446 18 . . . 31627 1447 1 Survey Survey NNP 31627 1447 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1447 3 , , , 31627 1447 4 1883 1883 CD 31627 1447 5 - - SYM 31627 1447 6 84 84 CD 31627 1447 7 . . . 31627 1448 1 Plate plate NN 31627 1448 2 44 44 CD 31627 1448 3 . . . 31627 1449 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1449 2 5 5 CD 31627 1449 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1449 4 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 1449 5 , , , 31627 1449 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1449 7 loc loc NN 31627 1449 8 . . . 31627 1450 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1450 2 . . . 31627 1450 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1450 4 , , , 31627 1450 5 p. p. NN 31627 1450 6 474 474 CD 31627 1450 7 . . . 31627 1451 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1451 2 6 6 CD 31627 1451 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1451 4 Gilbert Gilbert NNP 31627 1451 5 , , , 31627 1451 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1451 7 Monograph Monograph NNP 31627 1451 8 U.S. U.S. NNP 31627 1451 9 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1451 10 . . . 31627 1452 1 Survey Survey NNP 31627 1452 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1452 3 , , , 31627 1452 4 vol vol NNP 31627 1452 5 . . . 31627 1453 1 i. i. NNP 31627 1454 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1454 2 1890 1890 CD 31627 1454 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1454 4 . . . 31627 1455 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1455 2 7 7 LS 31627 1455 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1455 4 Powell Powell NNP 31627 1455 5 , , , 31627 1455 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1455 7 Exploration Exploration NNP 31627 1455 8 of of IN 31627 1455 9 the the DT 31627 1455 10 Colorado Colorado NNP 31627 1455 11 River River NNP 31627 1455 12 _ _ NNP 31627 1455 13 , , , 31627 1455 14 p. p. NN 31627 1455 15 177 177 CD 31627 1455 16 , , , 31627 1455 17 etc etc FW 31627 1455 18 . . . 31627 1456 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1456 2 1875 1875 CD 31627 1456 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1456 4 . . . 31627 1457 1 Hayden Hayden NNP 31627 1457 2 , , , 31627 1457 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1457 4 Rep. Rep. NNP 31627 1458 1 U.S. U.S. NNP 31627 1458 2 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1458 3 . . . 31627 1459 1 Survey survey NN 31627 1459 2 of of IN 31627 1459 3 the the DT 31627 1459 4 Colorado Colorado NNP 31627 1459 5 , , , 31627 1459 6 etc etc FW 31627 1459 7 . . . 31627 1459 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1459 9 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1459 10 1871 1871 CD 31627 1459 11 - - SYM 31627 1459 12 80 80 CD 31627 1459 13 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1459 14 . . . 31627 1460 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1460 2 8 8 CD 31627 1460 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1460 4 Richthofen Richthofen NNP 31627 1460 5 , , , 31627 1460 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1460 7 Natural Natural NNP 31627 1460 8 System System NNP 31627 1460 9 of of IN 31627 1460 10 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1460 11 Rocks Rocks NNPS 31627 1460 12 _ _ NNP 31627 1460 13 , , , 31627 1460 14 Mem Mem NNP 31627 1460 15 . . . 31627 1461 1 California California NNP 31627 1461 2 Acad Acad NNP 31627 1461 3 . . . 31627 1462 1 Sciences science NNS 31627 1462 2 , , , 31627 1462 3 vol vol NNP 31627 1462 4 . . . 31627 1463 1 i. i. NNP 31627 1464 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1464 2 1868 1868 CD 31627 1464 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1464 4 . . . 31627 1465 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1465 2 9 9 CD 31627 1465 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1465 4 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1465 5 , , , 31627 1465 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1465 7 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1465 8 Sketches Sketches NNP 31627 1465 9 at at IN 31627 1465 10 Home home NN 31627 1465 11 and and CC 31627 1465 12 Abroad abroad RB 31627 1465 13 _ _ NNP 31627 1465 14 , , , 31627 1465 15 p. p. NN 31627 1465 16 271 271 CD 31627 1465 17 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1465 18 1882 1882 CD 31627 1465 19 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1465 20 . . . 31627 1466 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1466 2 10 10 CD 31627 1466 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1466 4 Prestwich Prestwich NNP 31627 1466 5 , , , 31627 1466 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1466 7 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1466 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1466 9 , , , 31627 1466 10 vol vol NNP 31627 1466 11 . . . 31627 1467 1 i. i. NNP 31627 1467 2 p. p. NNP 31627 1467 3 370 370 CD 31627 1467 4 , , , 31627 1467 5 quoting quote VBG 31627 1467 6 from from IN 31627 1467 7 Richthofen Richthofen NNP 31627 1467 8 . . . 31627 1468 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1468 2 11 11 CD 31627 1468 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1468 4 The the DT 31627 1468 5 origin origin NN 31627 1468 6 of of IN 31627 1468 7 geysers geyser NNS 31627 1468 8 is be VBZ 31627 1468 9 variously variously RB 31627 1468 10 explained explain VBN 31627 1468 11 ; ; : 31627 1468 12 see see VB 31627 1468 13 Prestwich Prestwich NNP 31627 1468 14 , , , 31627 1468 15 _ _ NNP 31627 1468 16 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1468 17 _ _ NNP 31627 1468 18 , , , 31627 1468 19 vol vol NNP 31627 1468 20 . . . 31627 1469 1 i. i. NNP 31627 1469 2 p. p. NNP 31627 1469 3 170 170 CD 31627 1469 4 . . . 31627 1470 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 1470 2 are be VBP 31627 1470 3 probably probably RB 31627 1470 4 due due IN 31627 1470 5 to to IN 31627 1470 6 heated heated JJ 31627 1470 7 waters water NNS 31627 1470 8 suddenly suddenly RB 31627 1470 9 converted convert VBN 31627 1470 10 into into IN 31627 1470 11 steam steam NN 31627 1470 12 by by IN 31627 1470 13 contact contact NN 31627 1470 14 with with IN 31627 1470 15 rock rock NN 31627 1470 16 at at IN 31627 1470 17 a a DT 31627 1470 18 high high JJ 31627 1470 19 temperature temperature NN 31627 1470 20 . . . 31627 1471 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1471 2 III III NNP 31627 1471 3 . . . 31627 1472 1 VOLCANOES VOLCANOES NNP 31627 1472 2 OF of IN 31627 1472 3 NEW NEW NNP 31627 1472 4 ZEALAND ZEALAND NNP 31627 1472 5 . . . 31627 1473 1 One one CD 31627 1473 2 other other JJ 31627 1473 3 region region NN 31627 1473 4 of of IN 31627 1473 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1473 6 action action NN 31627 1473 7 remains remain VBZ 31627 1473 8 to to TO 31627 1473 9 be be VB 31627 1473 10 noticed notice VBN 31627 1473 11 before before IN 31627 1473 12 passing pass VBG 31627 1473 13 on on RP 31627 1473 14 to to IN 31627 1473 15 the the DT 31627 1473 16 consideration consideration NN 31627 1473 17 of of IN 31627 1473 18 those those DT 31627 1473 19 of of IN 31627 1473 20 less less RBR 31627 1473 21 recent recent JJ 31627 1473 22 age age NN 31627 1473 23 . . . 31627 1474 1 New New NNP 31627 1474 2 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 1474 3 is be VBZ 31627 1474 4 an an DT 31627 1474 5 island island NN 31627 1474 6 wherein wherein WRB 31627 1474 7 seem seem VBP 31627 1474 8 to to TO 31627 1474 9 be be VB 31627 1474 10 concentrated concentrate VBN 31627 1474 11 all all PDT 31627 1474 12 the the DT 31627 1474 13 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1474 14 of of IN 31627 1474 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1474 16 action action NN 31627 1474 17 of of IN 31627 1474 18 past past NN 31627 1474 19 and and CC 31627 1474 20 present present JJ 31627 1474 21 time time NN 31627 1474 22 . . . 31627 1475 1 Though though IN 31627 1475 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1475 3 is be VBZ 31627 1475 4 doubtful doubtful JJ 31627 1475 5 if if IN 31627 1475 6 the the DT 31627 1475 7 term term NN 31627 1475 8 " " `` 31627 1475 9 active active JJ 31627 1475 10 , , , 31627 1475 11 " " '' 31627 1475 12 in in IN 31627 1475 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1475 14 full full JJ 31627 1475 15 sense sense NN 31627 1475 16 , , , 31627 1475 17 can can MD 31627 1475 18 be be VB 31627 1475 19 applied apply VBN 31627 1475 20 to to IN 31627 1475 21 any any DT 31627 1475 22 of of IN 31627 1475 23 the the DT 31627 1475 24 existing exist VBG 31627 1475 25 craters crater NNS 31627 1475 26 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1475 27 with with IN 31627 1475 28 two two CD 31627 1475 29 or or CC 31627 1475 30 three three CD 31627 1475 31 exceptions exception NNS 31627 1475 32 , , , 31627 1475 33 such such JJ 31627 1475 34 as as IN 31627 1475 35 Tongariro Tongariro NNP 31627 1475 36 and and CC 31627 1475 37 Whakari Whakari NNP 31627 1475 38 Island Island NNP 31627 1475 39 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1475 40 , , , 31627 1475 41 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1475 42 find find VBP 31627 1475 43 craters crater NNS 31627 1475 44 and and CC 31627 1475 45 cones cone NNS 31627 1475 46 in in IN 31627 1475 47 great great JJ 31627 1475 48 numbers number NNS 31627 1475 49 in in IN 31627 1475 50 perfectly perfectly RB 31627 1475 51 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1475 52 condition condition NN 31627 1475 53 , , , 31627 1475 54 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1475 55 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1475 56 of of IN 31627 1475 57 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1475 58 and and CC 31627 1475 59 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1475 60 lavas lavas NNP 31627 1475 61 , , , 31627 1475 62 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1475 63 , , , 31627 1475 64 and and CC 31627 1475 65 agglomerates agglomerate VBZ 31627 1475 66 ; ; : 31627 1475 67 lava lava NN 31627 1475 68 - - HYPH 31627 1475 69 floods flood NNS 31627 1475 70 descending descend VBG 31627 1475 71 from from IN 31627 1475 72 the the DT 31627 1475 73 ruptured ruptured JJ 31627 1475 74 craters crater NNS 31627 1475 75 of of IN 31627 1475 76 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1475 77 and and CC 31627 1475 78 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 1475 79 ; ; : 31627 1475 80 old old JJ 31627 1475 81 crater crater NN 31627 1475 82 - - HYPH 31627 1475 83 basins basin NNS 31627 1475 84 converted convert VBD 31627 1475 85 into into IN 31627 1475 86 lakes lake NNS 31627 1475 87 ; ; : 31627 1475 88 geysers geyser NNS 31627 1475 89 , , , 31627 1475 90 hot hot JJ 31627 1475 91 springs spring NNS 31627 1475 92 and and CC 31627 1475 93 fumaroles fumarole NNS 31627 1475 94 which which WDT 31627 1475 95 may may MD 31627 1475 96 be be VB 31627 1475 97 counted count VBN 31627 1475 98 by by IN 31627 1475 99 hundreds hundred NNS 31627 1475 100 , , , 31627 1475 101 and and CC 31627 1475 102 cataracts cataract NNS 31627 1475 103 breaking break VBG 31627 1475 104 over over IN 31627 1475 105 barriers barrier NNS 31627 1475 106 of of IN 31627 1475 107 siliceous siliceous JJ 31627 1475 108 sinter sinter NN 31627 1475 109 ; ; : 31627 1475 110 and and CC 31627 1475 111 , , , 31627 1475 112 lastly lastly RB 31627 1475 113 , , , 31627 1475 114 lofty lofty JJ 31627 1475 115 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1475 116 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1475 117 vying vie VBG 31627 1475 118 in in IN 31627 1475 119 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 1475 120 with with IN 31627 1475 121 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 1475 122 and and CC 31627 1475 123 Etna Etna NNP 31627 1475 124 . . . 31627 1476 1 All all PDT 31627 1476 2 these these DT 31627 1476 3 wonderful wonderful JJ 31627 1476 4 exhibitions exhibition NNS 31627 1476 5 of of IN 31627 1476 6 moribund moribund JJ 31627 1476 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1476 8 action action NN 31627 1476 9 seem seem VBP 31627 1476 10 to to TO 31627 1476 11 be be VB 31627 1476 12 concentrated concentrate VBN 31627 1476 13 in in IN 31627 1476 14 the the DT 31627 1476 15 northern northern JJ 31627 1476 16 island island NN 31627 1476 17 of of IN 31627 1476 18 Auckland Auckland NNP 31627 1476 19 . . . 31627 1477 1 The the DT 31627 1477 2 southern southern JJ 31627 1477 3 island island NN 31627 1477 4 , , , 31627 1477 5 which which WDT 31627 1477 6 is be VBZ 31627 1477 7 the the DT 31627 1477 8 larger large JJR 31627 1477 9 , , , 31627 1477 10 also also RB 31627 1477 11 has have VBZ 31627 1477 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1477 13 natural natural JJ 31627 1477 14 attractions attraction NNS 31627 1477 15 , , , 31627 1477 16 but but CC 31627 1477 17 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1477 18 are be VBP 31627 1477 19 of of IN 31627 1477 20 a a DT 31627 1477 21 different different JJ 31627 1477 22 kind kind NN 31627 1477 23 ; ; : 31627 1477 24 chief chief NN 31627 1477 25 of of IN 31627 1477 26 all all DT 31627 1477 27 is be VBZ 31627 1477 28 the the DT 31627 1477 29 grand grand JJ 31627 1477 30 range range NN 31627 1477 31 of of IN 31627 1477 32 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1477 33 called call VBN 31627 1477 34 , , , 31627 1477 35 not not RB 31627 1477 36 inappropriately inappropriately RB 31627 1477 37 , , , 31627 1477 38 the the DT 31627 1477 39 " " `` 31627 1477 40 Southern Southern NNP 31627 1477 41 Alps Alps NNP 31627 1477 42 , , , 31627 1477 43 " " '' 31627 1477 44 vying vie VBG 31627 1477 45 with with IN 31627 1477 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1477 47 European european JJ 31627 1477 48 representative representative NN 31627 1477 49 in in IN 31627 1477 50 the the DT 31627 1477 51 loftiness loftiness NN 31627 1477 52 of of IN 31627 1477 53 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1477 54 peaks peak NNS 31627 1477 55 and and CC 31627 1477 56 the the DT 31627 1477 57 splendour splendour NN 31627 1477 58 of of IN 31627 1477 59 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1477 60 snowfields snowfield NNS 31627 1477 61 and and CC 31627 1477 62 glaciers glacier NNS 31627 1477 63 , , , 31627 1477 64 but but CC 31627 1477 65 formed form VBN 31627 1477 66 of of IN 31627 1477 67 more more RBR 31627 1477 68 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1477 69 and and CC 31627 1477 70 solid solid JJ 31627 1477 71 rocks rock NNS 31627 1477 72 than than IN 31627 1477 73 those those DT 31627 1477 74 of of IN 31627 1477 75 the the DT 31627 1477 76 northern northern JJ 31627 1477 77 island island NN 31627 1477 78 . . . 31627 1478 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1478 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1478 3 a. a. NN 31627 1478 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1478 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1478 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1478 7 Auckland Auckland NNP 31627 1478 8 District._--We district._--we NN 31627 1478 9 are be VBP 31627 1478 10 indebted indebted JJ 31627 1478 11 to to IN 31627 1478 12 several several JJ 31627 1478 13 naturalists naturalist NNS 31627 1478 14 for for IN 31627 1478 15 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1478 16 knowledge knowledge NN 31627 1478 17 of of IN 31627 1478 18 the the DT 31627 1478 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1478 20 regions region NNS 31627 1478 21 of of IN 31627 1478 22 New New NNP 31627 1478 23 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 1478 24 , , , 31627 1478 25 but but CC 31627 1478 26 chiefly chiefly RB 31627 1478 27 to to IN 31627 1478 28 Ferdinand Ferdinand NNP 31627 1478 29 von von NNP 31627 1478 30 Hochstetter Hochstetter NNP 31627 1478 31 , , , 31627 1478 32 whose whose WP$ 31627 1478 33 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 1478 34 maps map NNS 31627 1478 35 and and CC 31627 1478 36 graphic graphic JJ 31627 1478 37 descriptions description NNS 31627 1478 38 leave leave VBP 31627 1478 39 nothing nothing NN 31627 1478 40 to to TO 31627 1478 41 be be VB 31627 1478 42 desired desire VBN 31627 1478 43 . . . 31627 1479 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1479 2 1 1 LS 31627 1479 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1479 4 In in IN 31627 1479 5 this this DT 31627 1479 6 work work NN 31627 1479 7 Hochstetter Hochstetter NNP 31627 1479 8 was be VBD 31627 1479 9 assisted assist VBN 31627 1479 10 by by IN 31627 1479 11 Julius Julius NNP 31627 1479 12 Haast Haast NNP 31627 1479 13 and and CC 31627 1479 14 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1479 15 J. J. NNP 31627 1479 16 Hector Hector NNP 31627 1479 17 . . . 31627 1480 1 From from IN 31627 1480 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1480 3 account account NN 31627 1480 4 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1480 5 learn learn VBP 31627 1480 6 that that IN 31627 1480 7 the the DT 31627 1480 8 Isthmus Isthmus NNP 31627 1480 9 of of IN 31627 1480 10 Auckland Auckland NNP 31627 1480 11 is be VBZ 31627 1480 12 one one CD 31627 1480 13 of of IN 31627 1480 14 the the DT 31627 1480 15 most most RBS 31627 1480 16 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1480 17 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1480 18 districts district NNS 31627 1480 19 in in IN 31627 1480 20 the the DT 31627 1480 21 world world NN 31627 1480 22 . . . 31627 1481 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1481 2 is be VBZ 31627 1481 3 characterised characterise VBN 31627 1481 4 by by IN 31627 1481 5 a a DT 31627 1481 6 large large JJ 31627 1481 7 number number NN 31627 1481 8 of of IN 31627 1481 9 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1481 10 cinder cinder NN 31627 1481 11 - - HYPH 31627 1481 12 cones cone NNS 31627 1481 13 , , , 31627 1481 14 in in IN 31627 1481 15 a a DT 31627 1481 16 greater great JJR 31627 1481 17 or or CC 31627 1481 18 less less RBR 31627 1481 19 perfect perfect JJ 31627 1481 20 state state NN 31627 1481 21 of of IN 31627 1481 22 preservation preservation NN 31627 1481 23 , , , 31627 1481 24 and and CC 31627 1481 25 giving give VBG 31627 1481 26 origin origin NN 31627 1481 27 to to IN 31627 1481 28 lava lava NN 31627 1481 29 - - HYPH 31627 1481 30 streams stream NNS 31627 1481 31 which which WDT 31627 1481 32 have have VBP 31627 1481 33 poured pour VBN 31627 1481 34 down down RP 31627 1481 35 the the DT 31627 1481 36 sides side NNS 31627 1481 37 of of IN 31627 1481 38 the the DT 31627 1481 39 hills hill NNS 31627 1481 40 on on IN 31627 1481 41 to to IN 31627 1481 42 the the DT 31627 1481 43 plains plain NNS 31627 1481 44 . . . 31627 1482 1 Besides besides IN 31627 1482 2 these these DT 31627 1482 3 are be VBP 31627 1482 4 others other NNS 31627 1482 5 formed form VBN 31627 1482 6 of of IN 31627 1482 7 stratified stratified JJ 31627 1482 8 tuff tuff NN 31627 1482 9 , , , 31627 1482 10 with with IN 31627 1482 11 interior interior JJ 31627 1482 12 craters crater NNS 31627 1482 13 , , , 31627 1482 14 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1482 15 in in IN 31627 1482 16 mural mural JJ 31627 1482 17 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1482 18 eruptive eruptive JJ 31627 1482 19 cones cone NNS 31627 1482 20 of of IN 31627 1482 21 scoriæ scoriæ NN 31627 1482 22 , , , 31627 1482 23 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1482 24 , , , 31627 1482 25 and and CC 31627 1482 26 lapilli lapilli NNP 31627 1482 27 ; ; : 31627 1482 28 these these DT 31627 1482 29 cones cone NNS 31627 1482 30 are be VBP 31627 1482 31 scattered scatter VBN 31627 1482 32 over over IN 31627 1482 33 the the DT 31627 1482 34 isthmus isthmus NN 31627 1482 35 and and CC 31627 1482 36 shores shore NNS 31627 1482 37 of of IN 31627 1482 38 Waitemata Waitemata NNP 31627 1482 39 and and CC 31627 1482 40 Manukau Manukau NNP 31627 1482 41 . . . 31627 1483 1 The the DT 31627 1483 2 tuff tuff NN 31627 1483 3 cones cone NNS 31627 1483 4 and and CC 31627 1483 5 craters crater NNS 31627 1483 6 rise rise VBP 31627 1483 7 from from IN 31627 1483 8 a a DT 31627 1483 9 floor floor NN 31627 1483 10 of of IN 31627 1483 11 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1483 12 sandstone sandstone NN 31627 1483 13 and and CC 31627 1483 14 shale shale NN 31627 1483 15 , , , 31627 1483 16 the the DT 31627 1483 17 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1483 18 strata strata NN 31627 1483 19 of of IN 31627 1483 20 which which WDT 31627 1483 21 are be VBP 31627 1483 22 laid lay VBN 31627 1483 23 open open JJ 31627 1483 24 in in IN 31627 1483 25 the the DT 31627 1483 26 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 1483 27 bluffs bluff NNS 31627 1483 28 of of IN 31627 1483 29 Waitemata Waitemata NNP 31627 1483 30 and and CC 31627 1483 31 Manukau Manukau NNP 31627 1483 32 harbours harbour NNS 31627 1483 33 ; ; : 31627 1483 34 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1483 35 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1483 36 contain contain VBP 31627 1483 37 fossil fossil NN 31627 1483 38 shells shell NNS 31627 1483 39 of of IN 31627 1483 40 the the DT 31627 1483 41 genera genera NN 31627 1483 42 _ _ NNP 31627 1483 43 Pecten Pecten NNP 31627 1483 44 _ _ NNP 31627 1483 45 , , , 31627 1483 46 _ _ NNP 31627 1483 47 Nucula Nucula NNP 31627 1483 48 _ _ NNP 31627 1483 49 , , , 31627 1483 50 _ _ NNP 31627 1483 51 Cardium Cardium NNP 31627 1483 52 _ _ NNP 31627 1483 53 , , , 31627 1483 54 _ _ NNP 31627 1483 55 Turbo Turbo NNP 31627 1483 56 _ _ NNP 31627 1483 57 , , , 31627 1483 58 and and CC 31627 1483 59 _ _ NNP 31627 1483 60 Neritæ Neritæ NNP 31627 1483 61 _ _ NNP 31627 1483 62 . . . 31627 1484 1 As as IN 31627 1484 2 the the DT 31627 1484 3 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1484 4 tuff tuff NN 31627 1484 5 - - HYPH 31627 1484 6 beds bed NNS 31627 1484 7 are be VBP 31627 1484 8 intermingled intermingle VBN 31627 1484 9 with with IN 31627 1484 10 the the DT 31627 1484 11 Upper Upper NNP 31627 1484 12 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1484 13 strata strata NN 31627 1484 14 , , , 31627 1484 15 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1484 16 is be VBZ 31627 1484 17 inferred infer VBN 31627 1484 18 that that IN 31627 1484 19 the the DT 31627 1484 20 first first JJ 31627 1484 21 outbursts outburst NNS 31627 1484 22 of of IN 31627 1484 23 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1484 24 forces force NNS 31627 1484 25 occurred occur VBD 31627 1484 26 when when WRB 31627 1484 27 the the DT 31627 1484 28 region region NN 31627 1484 29 was be VBD 31627 1484 30 still still RB 31627 1484 31 beneath beneath IN 31627 1484 32 the the DT 31627 1484 33 waters water NNS 31627 1484 34 of of IN 31627 1484 35 the the DT 31627 1484 36 ocean ocean NN 31627 1484 37 . . . 31627 1485 1 Cross cross NN 31627 1485 2 - - NNS 31627 1485 3 sections section NNS 31627 1485 4 show show VBP 31627 1485 5 that that IN 31627 1485 6 the the DT 31627 1485 7 different different JJ 31627 1485 8 layers layer NNS 31627 1485 9 slope slope VBP 31627 1485 10 both both DT 31627 1485 11 outwards outward NNS 31627 1485 12 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1485 13 parallel parallel NN 31627 1485 14 to to IN 31627 1485 15 the the DT 31627 1485 16 sides side NNS 31627 1485 17 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1485 18 and and CC 31627 1485 19 inwards inward NNS 31627 1485 20 towards towards IN 31627 1485 21 the the DT 31627 1485 22 bottom bottom NN 31627 1485 23 of of IN 31627 1485 24 the the DT 31627 1485 25 craters crater NNS 31627 1485 26 . . . 31627 1486 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1486 2 these these DT 31627 1486 3 craters crater NNS 31627 1486 4 have have VBP 31627 1486 5 been be VBN 31627 1486 6 converted convert VBN 31627 1486 7 into into IN 31627 1486 8 lakes lake NNS 31627 1486 9 , , , 31627 1486 10 as as IN 31627 1486 11 in in IN 31627 1486 12 the the DT 31627 1486 13 case case NN 31627 1486 14 of of IN 31627 1486 15 those those DT 31627 1486 16 of of IN 31627 1486 17 the the DT 31627 1486 18 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1486 19 ; ; : 31627 1486 20 but but CC 31627 1486 21 generally generally RB 31627 1486 22 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1486 23 are be VBP 31627 1486 24 dry dry JJ 31627 1486 25 or or CC 31627 1486 26 have have VB 31627 1486 27 a a DT 31627 1486 28 floor floor NN 31627 1486 29 of of IN 31627 1486 30 morass morass NN 31627 1486 31 . . . 31627 1487 1 Of of IN 31627 1487 2 the the DT 31627 1487 3 crater crater NN 31627 1487 4 - - HYPH 31627 1487 5 lakes lake NNS 31627 1487 6 , , , 31627 1487 7 those those DT 31627 1487 8 of of IN 31627 1487 9 Kohuora Kohuora NNP 31627 1487 10 , , , 31627 1487 11 five five CD 31627 1487 12 in in IN 31627 1487 13 number number NN 31627 1487 14 , , , 31627 1487 15 are be VBP 31627 1487 16 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 1487 17 the the DT 31627 1487 18 most most RBS 31627 1487 19 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1487 20 ; ; : 31627 1487 21 and and CC 31627 1487 22 in in IN 31627 1487 23 the the DT 31627 1487 24 case case NN 31627 1487 25 of of IN 31627 1487 26 two two CD 31627 1487 27 of of IN 31627 1487 28 these these DT 31627 1487 29 the the DT 31627 1487 30 central central JJ 31627 1487 31 cones cone NNS 31627 1487 32 of of IN 31627 1487 33 slag slag NN 31627 1487 34 appear appear VBP 31627 1487 35 as as IN 31627 1487 36 islets islet NNS 31627 1487 37 rising rise VBG 31627 1487 38 from from IN 31627 1487 39 the the DT 31627 1487 40 surface surface NN 31627 1487 41 of of IN 31627 1487 42 the the DT 31627 1487 43 waters water NNS 31627 1487 44 . . . 31627 1488 1 The the DT 31627 1488 2 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1488 3 - - HYPH 31627 1488 4 water water NN 31627 1488 5 lake lake NN 31627 1488 6 Pupuka Pupuka NNP 31627 1488 7 has have VBZ 31627 1488 8 a a DT 31627 1488 9 depth depth NN 31627 1488 10 of of IN 31627 1488 11 twenty twenty CD 31627 1488 12 - - HYPH 31627 1488 13 eight eight CD 31627 1488 14 fathoms fathom NNS 31627 1488 15 . . . 31627 1489 1 To to IN 31627 1489 2 the the DT 31627 1489 3 north north NN 31627 1489 4 of of IN 31627 1489 5 Auckland Auckland NNP 31627 1489 6 Harbour Harbour NNP 31627 1489 7 rises rise VBZ 31627 1489 8 out out IN 31627 1489 9 of of IN 31627 1489 10 the the DT 31627 1489 11 waters water NNS 31627 1489 12 of of IN 31627 1489 13 the the DT 31627 1489 14 Hauraki Hauraki NNP 31627 1489 15 Gulf Gulf NNP 31627 1489 16 the the DT 31627 1489 17 cone cone NN 31627 1489 18 of of IN 31627 1489 19 Rangitoto Rangitoto NNP 31627 1489 20 , , , 31627 1489 21 920 920 CD 31627 1489 22 feet foot NNS 31627 1489 23 high high JJ 31627 1489 24 , , , 31627 1489 25 the the DT 31627 1489 26 flanks flank NNS 31627 1489 27 formed form VBN 31627 1489 28 of of IN 31627 1489 29 rugged rugged JJ 31627 1489 30 streams stream NNS 31627 1489 31 of of IN 31627 1489 32 basalt basalt NN 31627 1489 33 , , , 31627 1489 34 and and CC 31627 1489 35 the the DT 31627 1489 36 summit summit NN 31627 1489 37 crowned crown VBN 31627 1489 38 by by IN 31627 1489 39 a a DT 31627 1489 40 circular circular JJ 31627 1489 41 crater crater NN 31627 1489 42 of of IN 31627 1489 43 slag slag NN 31627 1489 44 and and CC 31627 1489 45 ash ash NN 31627 1489 46 , , , 31627 1489 47 out out IN 31627 1489 48 of of IN 31627 1489 49 the the DT 31627 1489 50 centre centre NN 31627 1489 51 of of IN 31627 1489 52 which which WDT 31627 1489 53 rises rise VBZ 31627 1489 54 a a DT 31627 1489 55 second second JJ 31627 1489 56 cone cone NN 31627 1489 57 with with IN 31627 1489 58 the the DT 31627 1489 59 vent vent NN 31627 1489 60 of of IN 31627 1489 61 eruption eruption NN 31627 1489 62 . . . 31627 1490 1 This this DT 31627 1490 2 is be VBZ 31627 1490 3 the the DT 31627 1490 4 largest large JJS 31627 1490 5 and and CC 31627 1490 6 newest new JJS 31627 1490 7 of of IN 31627 1490 8 the the DT 31627 1490 9 Auckland Auckland NNP 31627 1490 10 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1490 11 , , , 31627 1490 12 and and CC 31627 1490 13 appears appear VBZ 31627 1490 14 to to TO 31627 1490 15 have have VB 31627 1490 16 been be VBN 31627 1490 17 built build VBN 31627 1490 18 up up RP 31627 1490 19 by by IN 31627 1490 20 successive successive JJ 31627 1490 21 outpourings outpouring NNS 31627 1490 22 of of IN 31627 1490 23 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1490 24 lava lava NN 31627 1490 25 from from IN 31627 1490 26 the the DT 31627 1490 27 central central JJ 31627 1490 28 orifice orifice NN 31627 1490 29 , , , 31627 1490 30 after after IN 31627 1490 31 the the DT 31627 1490 32 general general JJ 31627 1490 33 elevation elevation NN 31627 1490 34 of of IN 31627 1490 35 the the DT 31627 1490 36 island island NN 31627 1490 37 . . . 31627 1491 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1491 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1491 3 : : : 31627 1491 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1491 5 . . . 31627 1492 1 26.--Forms 26.--forms CD 31627 1492 2 of of IN 31627 1492 3 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1492 4 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1492 5 cones cones NNP 31627 1492 6 , , , 31627 1492 7 with with IN 31627 1492 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1492 9 cross cross NN 31627 1492 10 - - NNS 31627 1492 11 sections section NNS 31627 1492 12 , , , 31627 1492 13 in in IN 31627 1492 14 the the DT 31627 1492 15 Province Province NNP 31627 1492 16 of of IN 31627 1492 17 Auckland.--No auckland.--no DT 31627 1492 18 . . . 31627 1493 1 1 1 LS 31627 1493 2 . . . 31627 1494 1 Simple simple JJ 31627 1494 2 tuff tuff JJ 31627 1494 3 cone cone NN 31627 1494 4 with with IN 31627 1494 5 central central JJ 31627 1494 6 crater crater NN 31627 1494 7 ; ; : 31627 1494 8 No no UH 31627 1494 9 . . . 31627 1495 1 2 2 LS 31627 1495 2 . . . 31627 1496 1 Outer outer JJ 31627 1496 2 tuff tuff JJ 31627 1496 3 cone cone NN 31627 1496 4 with with IN 31627 1496 5 interior interior JJ 31627 1496 6 cinder cinder NNP 31627 1496 7 cone cone NN 31627 1496 8 and and CC 31627 1496 9 crater crater NN 31627 1496 10 ; ; : 31627 1496 11 No no UH 31627 1496 12 . . . 31627 1497 1 3 3 LS 31627 1497 2 . . . 31627 1498 1 The the DT 31627 1498 2 same same JJ 31627 1498 3 with with IN 31627 1498 4 lava lava NN 31627 1498 5 - - HYPH 31627 1498 6 stream stream NN 31627 1498 7 issuing issuing NN 31627 1498 8 from from IN 31627 1498 9 the the DT 31627 1498 10 interior interior NN 31627 1498 11 cone.--(After cone.--(After . 31627 1498 12 Hochstetter Hochstetter NNP 31627 1498 13 . . . 31627 1498 14 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1498 15 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1499 1 Before before IN 31627 1499 2 leaving leave VBG 31627 1499 3 the the DT 31627 1499 4 description description NN 31627 1499 5 of of IN 31627 1499 6 the the DT 31627 1499 7 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1499 8 - - HYPH 31627 1499 9 cones cone NNS 31627 1499 10 , , , 31627 1499 11 which which WDT 31627 1499 12 are be VBP 31627 1499 13 a a DT 31627 1499 14 peculiar peculiar JJ 31627 1499 15 feature feature NN 31627 1499 16 in in IN 31627 1499 17 the the DT 31627 1499 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1499 19 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1499 20 of of IN 31627 1499 21 New New NNP 31627 1499 22 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 1499 23 , , , 31627 1499 24 and and CC 31627 1499 25 are be VBP 31627 1499 26 of of IN 31627 1499 27 many many JJ 31627 1499 28 forms form NNS 31627 1499 29 and and CC 31627 1499 30 varieties variety NNS 31627 1499 31 , , , 31627 1499 32 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1499 33 must must MD 31627 1499 34 refer refer VB 31627 1499 35 to to IN 31627 1499 36 that that DT 31627 1499 37 of of IN 31627 1499 38 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1499 39 Wellington Wellington NNP 31627 1499 40 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1499 41 Maunga Maunga NNP 31627 1499 42 Rei Rei NNP 31627 1499 43 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1499 44 . . . 31627 1500 1 This this DT 31627 1500 2 is be VBZ 31627 1500 3 a a DT 31627 1500 4 compound compound NN 31627 1500 5 volcano volcano NN 31627 1500 6 , , , 31627 1500 7 in in IN 31627 1500 8 which which WDT 31627 1500 9 the the DT 31627 1500 10 oldest old JJS 31627 1500 11 and and CC 31627 1500 12 smallest small JJS 31627 1500 13 of of IN 31627 1500 14 the the DT 31627 1500 15 group group NN 31627 1500 16 is be VBZ 31627 1500 17 a a DT 31627 1500 18 tuff tuff JJ 31627 1500 19 - - HYPH 31627 1500 20 crater crater NN 31627 1500 21 - - HYPH 31627 1500 22 cone cone NN 31627 1500 23 , , , 31627 1500 24 exhibiting exhibit VBG 31627 1500 25 very very RB 31627 1500 26 beautifully beautifully RB 31627 1500 27 the the DT 31627 1500 28 outward outward JJ 31627 1500 29 slope slope NN 31627 1500 30 of of IN 31627 1500 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1500 32 beds bed NNS 31627 1500 33 . . . 31627 1501 1 Within within IN 31627 1501 2 this this DT 31627 1501 3 crater crater NN 31627 1501 4 arise arise VBP 31627 1501 5 two two CD 31627 1501 6 cones cone NNS 31627 1501 7 of of IN 31627 1501 8 cinders cinder NNS 31627 1501 9 , , , 31627 1501 10 each each DT 31627 1501 11 with with IN 31627 1501 12 small small JJ 31627 1501 13 craters crater NNS 31627 1501 14 . . . 31627 1502 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1502 2 would would MD 31627 1502 3 appear appear VB 31627 1502 4 that that IN 31627 1502 5 after after IN 31627 1502 6 a a DT 31627 1502 7 long long JJ 31627 1502 8 interval interval NN 31627 1502 9 the the DT 31627 1502 10 larger large JJR 31627 1502 11 of of IN 31627 1502 12 the the DT 31627 1502 13 two two CD 31627 1502 14 principal principal JJ 31627 1502 15 cones cone NNS 31627 1502 16 , , , 31627 1502 17 formed form VBN 31627 1502 18 of of IN 31627 1502 19 cinders cinder NNS 31627 1502 20 and and CC 31627 1502 21 known know VBN 31627 1502 22 as as IN 31627 1502 23 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1502 24 Wellington Wellington NNP 31627 1502 25 , , , 31627 1502 26 burst burst VBD 31627 1502 27 forth forth RB 31627 1502 28 from from IN 31627 1502 29 the the DT 31627 1502 30 southern southern JJ 31627 1502 31 margin margin NN 31627 1502 32 of of IN 31627 1502 33 the the DT 31627 1502 34 older old JJR 31627 1502 35 tuff tuff NN 31627 1502 36 - - HYPH 31627 1502 37 cone cone NN 31627 1502 38 , , , 31627 1502 39 and and CC 31627 1502 40 , , , 31627 1502 41 being be VBG 31627 1502 42 built build VBN 31627 1502 43 up up IN 31627 1502 44 to to IN 31627 1502 45 a a DT 31627 1502 46 height height NN 31627 1502 47 of of IN 31627 1502 48 850 850 CD 31627 1502 49 feet foot NNS 31627 1502 50 , , , 31627 1502 51 gradually gradually RB 31627 1502 52 overspread overspread VB 31627 1502 53 the the DT 31627 1502 54 sides side NNS 31627 1502 55 of of IN 31627 1502 56 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1502 57 older old JJR 31627 1502 58 neighbour neighbour NN 31627 1502 59 . . . 31627 1503 1 Mount Mount NNP 31627 1503 2 Wellington Wellington NNP 31627 1503 3 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1503 4 has have VBZ 31627 1503 5 three three CD 31627 1503 6 craters crater NNS 31627 1503 7 , , , 31627 1503 8 and and CC 31627 1503 9 from from IN 31627 1503 10 these these DT 31627 1503 11 large large JJ 31627 1503 12 streams stream NNS 31627 1503 13 of of IN 31627 1503 14 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1503 15 lava lava NN 31627 1503 16 have have VBP 31627 1503 17 issued issue VBN 31627 1503 18 forth forth RB 31627 1503 19 in in IN 31627 1503 20 a a DT 31627 1503 21 westerly westerly JJ 31627 1503 22 direction direction NN 31627 1503 23 , , , 31627 1503 24 while while IN 31627 1503 25 a a DT 31627 1503 26 branch branch NN 31627 1503 27 entered enter VBN 31627 1503 28 and and CC 31627 1503 29 partially partially RB 31627 1503 30 filled fill VBN 31627 1503 31 the the DT 31627 1503 32 old old JJ 31627 1503 33 tuff tuff NN 31627 1503 34 - - HYPH 31627 1503 35 crater crater NN 31627 1503 36 to to IN 31627 1503 37 the the DT 31627 1503 38 northwards northward NNS 31627 1503 39 . . . 31627 1504 1 Southwards southward NNS 31627 1504 2 from from IN 31627 1504 3 Manukau Manukau NNP 31627 1504 4 Harbour Harbour NNP 31627 1504 5 , , , 31627 1504 6 and and CC 31627 1504 7 extending extend VBG 31627 1504 8 a a DT 31627 1504 9 short short JJ 31627 1504 10 distance distance NN 31627 1504 11 from from IN 31627 1504 12 the the DT 31627 1504 13 coast coast NN 31627 1504 14 - - HYPH 31627 1504 15 line line NN 31627 1504 16 to to IN 31627 1504 17 Taranaki Taranaki NNP 31627 1504 18 Point Point NNP 31627 1504 19 , , , 31627 1504 20 there there EX 31627 1504 21 occurs occur VBZ 31627 1504 22 a a DT 31627 1504 23 plateau plateau NN 31627 1504 24 of of IN 31627 1504 25 basalt basalt NN 31627 1504 26 - - HYPH 31627 1504 27 conglomerate conglomerate NN 31627 1504 28 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1504 29 _ _ NNP 31627 1504 30 Basaltkonglomerat Basaltkonglomerat NNP 31627 1504 31 _ _ NNP 31627 1504 32 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1504 33 , , , 31627 1504 34 with with IN 31627 1504 35 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1504 36 of of IN 31627 1504 37 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1504 38 lava lava NN 31627 1504 39 overspreading overspread VBG 31627 1504 40 the the DT 31627 1504 41 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1504 42 strata strata NN 31627 1504 43 . . . 31627 1505 1 These these DT 31627 1505 2 plateau plateau NN 31627 1505 3 - - HYPH 31627 1505 4 basalts basalt NNS 31627 1505 5 are be VBP 31627 1505 6 intersected intersect VBN 31627 1505 7 by by IN 31627 1505 8 eruptive eruptive JJ 31627 1505 9 masses masse NNS 31627 1505 10 in in IN 31627 1505 11 the the DT 31627 1505 12 form form NN 31627 1505 13 of of IN 31627 1505 14 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1505 15 , , , 31627 1505 16 but but CC 31627 1505 17 still still RB 31627 1505 18 there there EX 31627 1505 19 are be VBP 31627 1505 20 no no DT 31627 1505 21 craters crater NNS 31627 1505 22 or or CC 31627 1505 23 cones cone NNS 31627 1505 24 of of IN 31627 1505 25 eruption eruption NN 31627 1505 26 to to TO 31627 1505 27 be be VB 31627 1505 28 seen see VBN 31627 1505 29 ; ; : 31627 1505 30 so so CC 31627 1505 31 that that IN 31627 1505 32 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1505 33 may may MD 31627 1505 34 infer infer VB 31627 1505 35 that that IN 31627 1505 36 the the DT 31627 1505 37 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1505 38 , , , 31627 1505 39 at at IN 31627 1505 40 least least JJS 31627 1505 41 , , , 31627 1505 42 were be VBD 31627 1505 43 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1505 44 from from IN 31627 1505 45 fissures fissure NNS 31627 1505 46 in in IN 31627 1505 47 the the DT 31627 1505 48 manner manner NN 31627 1505 49 of of IN 31627 1505 50 those those DT 31627 1505 51 of of IN 31627 1505 52 the the DT 31627 1505 53 Colorado Colorado NNP 31627 1505 54 or or CC 31627 1505 55 Idaho Idaho NNP 31627 1505 56 regions region NNS 31627 1505 57 of of IN 31627 1505 58 America America NNP 31627 1505 59 . . . 31627 1506 1 Proceeding proceed VBG 31627 1506 2 still still RB 31627 1506 3 further further RB 31627 1506 4 south south RB 31627 1506 5 into into IN 31627 1506 6 the the DT 31627 1506 7 interior interior NN 31627 1506 8 of of IN 31627 1506 9 the the DT 31627 1506 10 island island NN 31627 1506 11 , , , 31627 1506 12 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1506 13 here here RB 31627 1506 14 find find VBP 31627 1506 15 a a DT 31627 1506 16 lofty lofty JJ 31627 1506 17 plateau plateau NN 31627 1506 18 of of IN 31627 1506 19 an an DT 31627 1506 20 average average JJ 31627 1506 21 elevation elevation NN 31627 1506 22 of of IN 31627 1506 23 2,000 2,000 CD 31627 1506 24 feet foot NNS 31627 1506 25 , , , 31627 1506 26 interposed interpose VBN 31627 1506 27 between between IN 31627 1506 28 the the DT 31627 1506 29 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1506 30 beds bed NNS 31627 1506 31 of of IN 31627 1506 32 the the DT 31627 1506 33 Upper Upper NNP 31627 1506 34 and and CC 31627 1506 35 Middle Middle NNP 31627 1506 36 Waikato Waikato NNP 31627 1506 37 , , , 31627 1506 38 and and CC 31627 1506 39 formed form VBN 31627 1506 40 of of IN 31627 1506 41 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1506 42 and and CC 31627 1506 43 pitch pitch NN 31627 1506 44 - - HYPH 31627 1506 45 stone stone NN 31627 1506 46 tuff tuff NN 31627 1506 47 , , , 31627 1506 48 amongst amongst IN 31627 1506 49 which which WDT 31627 1506 50 arise arise VBP 31627 1506 51 old old JJ 31627 1506 52 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1506 53 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1506 54 cones cone NNS 31627 1506 55 , , , 31627 1506 56 such such JJ 31627 1506 57 as as IN 31627 1506 58 those those DT 31627 1506 59 of of IN 31627 1506 60 Karioi Karioi NNP 31627 1506 61 , , , 31627 1506 62 Pirongia Pirongia NNP 31627 1506 63 , , , 31627 1506 64 Kakepuku Kakepuku NNP 31627 1506 65 , , , 31627 1506 66 Maunga Maunga NNP 31627 1506 67 Tautari Tautari NNP 31627 1506 68 , , , 31627 1506 69 Aroha Aroha NNP 31627 1506 70 , , , 31627 1506 71 and and CC 31627 1506 72 many many JJ 31627 1506 73 others other NNS 31627 1506 74 . . . 31627 1507 1 These these DT 31627 1507 2 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1507 3 lavas lavas NN 31627 1507 4 would would MD 31627 1507 5 seem seem VB 31627 1507 6 to to TO 31627 1507 7 be be VB 31627 1507 8 more more RBR 31627 1507 9 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1507 10 than than IN 31627 1507 11 the the DT 31627 1507 12 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1507 13 , , , 31627 1507 14 previously previously RB 31627 1507 15 described describe VBN 31627 1507 16 . . . 31627 1508 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1508 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1508 3 b. b. NNP 31627 1508 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1508 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1508 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1508 7 Taupo Taupo NNP 31627 1508 8 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1508 9 , , , 31627 1508 10 and and CC 31627 1508 11 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1508 12 district._--But district._--But '' 31627 1508 13 of of IN 31627 1508 14 all all PDT 31627 1508 15 these these DT 31627 1508 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1508 17 districts district NNS 31627 1508 18 , , , 31627 1508 19 none none NN 31627 1508 20 is be VBZ 31627 1508 21 more more RBR 31627 1508 22 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1508 23 than than IN 31627 1508 24 that that DT 31627 1508 25 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1508 26 the the DT 31627 1508 27 Taupo Taupo NNP 31627 1508 28 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1508 29 , , , 31627 1508 30 which which WDT 31627 1508 31 lies lie VBZ 31627 1508 32 amidst amidst IN 31627 1508 33 the the DT 31627 1508 34 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1508 35 strata strata NN 31627 1508 36 of of IN 31627 1508 37 the the DT 31627 1508 38 Upper Upper NNP 31627 1508 39 Waikato Waikato NNP 31627 1508 40 Basin Basin NNP 31627 1508 41 . . . 31627 1509 1 The the DT 31627 1509 2 surface surface NN 31627 1509 3 of of IN 31627 1509 4 this this DT 31627 1509 5 lake lake NN 31627 1509 6 is be VBZ 31627 1509 7 1,250 1,250 CD 31627 1509 8 feet foot NNS 31627 1509 9 above above IN 31627 1509 10 that that DT 31627 1509 11 of of IN 31627 1509 12 the the DT 31627 1509 13 ocean ocean NN 31627 1509 14 , , , 31627 1509 15 and and CC 31627 1509 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1509 17 margin margin NN 31627 1509 18 is be VBZ 31627 1509 19 enclosed enclose VBN 31627 1509 20 within within IN 31627 1509 21 a a DT 31627 1509 22 border border NN 31627 1509 23 of of IN 31627 1509 24 rhyolite rhyolite NN 31627 1509 25 and and CC 31627 1509 26 pitchstone pitchstone NN 31627 1509 27 -- -- : 31627 1509 28 rising rise VBG 31627 1509 29 into into IN 31627 1509 30 a a DT 31627 1509 31 mass mass NN 31627 1509 32 of of IN 31627 1509 33 the the DT 31627 1509 34 same same JJ 31627 1509 35 material material NN 31627 1509 36 1,800 1,800 CD 31627 1509 37 feet foot NNS 31627 1509 38 high high JJ 31627 1509 39 on on IN 31627 1509 40 the the DT 31627 1509 41 eastern eastern JJ 31627 1509 42 side side NN 31627 1509 43 . . . 31627 1510 1 The the DT 31627 1510 2 form form NN 31627 1510 3 of of IN 31627 1510 4 the the DT 31627 1510 5 lake lake NN 31627 1510 6 does do VBZ 31627 1510 7 not not RB 31627 1510 8 suggest suggest VB 31627 1510 9 that that IN 31627 1510 10 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1510 11 is be VBZ 31627 1510 12 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1510 13 the the DT 31627 1510 14 crater crater NN 31627 1510 15 of of IN 31627 1510 16 a a DT 31627 1510 17 volcano volcano NN 31627 1510 18 , , , 31627 1510 19 but but CC 31627 1510 20 rather rather RB 31627 1510 21 that that IN 31627 1510 22 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1510 23 was be VBD 31627 1510 24 originated originate VBN 31627 1510 25 by by IN 31627 1510 26 subsidence subsidence NN 31627 1510 27 . . . 31627 1511 1 On on IN 31627 1511 2 all all DT 31627 1511 3 sides side NNS 31627 1511 4 , , , 31627 1511 5 however however RB 31627 1511 6 , , , 31627 1511 7 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1511 8 cones cone NNS 31627 1511 9 arise arise VBP 31627 1511 10 , , , 31627 1511 11 of of IN 31627 1511 12 which which WDT 31627 1511 13 the the DT 31627 1511 14 most most RBS 31627 1511 15 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1511 16 group group NN 31627 1511 17 lies lie VBZ 31627 1511 18 to to IN 31627 1511 19 the the DT 31627 1511 20 south south NN 31627 1511 21 of of IN 31627 1511 22 the the DT 31627 1511 23 lake lake NN 31627 1511 24 , , , 31627 1511 25 just just RB 31627 1511 26 in in IN 31627 1511 27 front front NN 31627 1511 28 of of IN 31627 1511 29 the the DT 31627 1511 30 two two CD 31627 1511 31 giant giant JJ 31627 1511 32 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1511 33 cones cone NNS 31627 1511 34 , , , 31627 1511 35 the the DT 31627 1511 36 loftiest lofty JJS 31627 1511 37 in in IN 31627 1511 38 New New NNP 31627 1511 39 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 1511 40 , , , 31627 1511 41 one one PRP 31627 1511 42 called call VBN 31627 1511 43 Tongariro Tongariro NNP 31627 1511 44 , , , 31627 1511 45 rising rise VBG 31627 1511 46 about about IN 31627 1511 47 6,500 6,500 CD 31627 1511 48 feet foot NNS 31627 1511 49 , , , 31627 1511 50 and and CC 31627 1511 51 the the DT 31627 1511 52 other other JJ 31627 1511 53 Ruapahu Ruapahu NNP 31627 1511 54 , , , 31627 1511 55 which which WDT 31627 1511 56 attains attain VBZ 31627 1511 57 an an DT 31627 1511 58 elevation elevation NN 31627 1511 59 of of IN 31627 1511 60 over over IN 31627 1511 61 9,000 9,000 CD 31627 1511 62 feet foot NNS 31627 1511 63 , , , 31627 1511 64 with with IN 31627 1511 65 the the DT 31627 1511 66 summit summit NN 31627 1511 67 capped cap VBN 31627 1511 68 by by IN 31627 1511 69 snow snow NN 31627 1511 70 . . . 31627 1512 1 These these DT 31627 1512 2 two two CD 31627 1512 3 lofty lofty JJ 31627 1512 4 cones cone NNS 31627 1512 5 , , , 31627 1512 6 standing stand VBG 31627 1512 7 side side NN 31627 1512 8 by by IN 31627 1512 9 side side NN 31627 1512 10 , , , 31627 1512 11 are be VBP 31627 1512 12 supposed suppose VBN 31627 1512 13 by by IN 31627 1512 14 the the DT 31627 1512 15 Maoris Maoris NNP 31627 1512 16 to to TO 31627 1512 17 be be VB 31627 1512 18 the the DT 31627 1512 19 husband husband NN 31627 1512 20 and and CC 31627 1512 21 wife wife NN 31627 1512 22 to to IN 31627 1512 23 whom whom WP 31627 1512 24 were be VBD 31627 1512 25 born bear VBN 31627 1512 26 the the DT 31627 1512 27 group group NN 31627 1512 28 of of IN 31627 1512 29 smaller small JJR 31627 1512 30 cones cone NNS 31627 1512 31 above above IN 31627 1512 32 referred refer VBD 31627 1512 33 to to IN 31627 1512 34 as as IN 31627 1512 35 occupying occupy VBG 31627 1512 36 the the DT 31627 1512 37 southern southern JJ 31627 1512 38 shore shore NN 31627 1512 39 of of IN 31627 1512 40 Taupo Taupo NNP 31627 1512 41 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1512 42 . . . 31627 1513 1 The the DT 31627 1513 2 volcano volcano NN 31627 1513 3 of of IN 31627 1513 4 Tongariro Tongariro NNP 31627 1513 5 may may MD 31627 1513 6 still still RB 31627 1513 7 be be VB 31627 1513 8 considered consider VBN 31627 1513 9 as as IN 31627 1513 10 in in IN 31627 1513 11 a a DT 31627 1513 12 state state NN 31627 1513 13 of of IN 31627 1513 14 activity activity NN 31627 1513 15 , , , 31627 1513 16 as as IN 31627 1513 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1513 18 two two CD 31627 1513 19 craters crater NNS 31627 1513 20 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1513 21 Ngauruhoe Ngauruhoe NNP 31627 1513 22 and and CC 31627 1513 23 Ketetahi Ketetahi NNP 31627 1513 24 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1513 25 constantly constantly RB 31627 1513 26 emit emit VBP 31627 1513 27 steam steam NN 31627 1513 28 , , , 31627 1513 29 and and CC 31627 1513 30 several several JJ 31627 1513 31 solfataras solfatara NNS 31627 1513 32 break break VBP 31627 1513 33 out out RP 31627 1513 34 on on IN 31627 1513 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1513 36 flanks flank NNS 31627 1513 37 . . . 31627 1514 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1514 2 2 2 CD 31627 1514 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1514 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1514 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1514 6 c. c. NNP 31627 1514 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1514 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1514 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1514 10 Roto Roto NNP 31627 1514 11 Mahana._--In mahana._--in NN 31627 1514 12 a a DT 31627 1514 13 northerly northerly JJ 31627 1514 14 direction direction NN 31627 1514 15 from from IN 31627 1514 16 Tongariro Tongariro NNP 31627 1514 17 , , , 31627 1514 18 and and CC 31627 1514 19 distant distant JJ 31627 1514 20 from from IN 31627 1514 21 the the DT 31627 1514 22 coast coast NN 31627 1514 23 by by IN 31627 1514 24 a a DT 31627 1514 25 few few JJ 31627 1514 26 miles mile NNS 31627 1514 27 , , , 31627 1514 28 lies lie VBZ 31627 1514 29 in in IN 31627 1514 30 the the DT 31627 1514 31 Bay Bay NNP 31627 1514 32 of of IN 31627 1514 33 Plenty Plenty NNP 31627 1514 34 the the DT 31627 1514 35 second second JJ 31627 1514 36 of of IN 31627 1514 37 the the DT 31627 1514 38 active active JJ 31627 1514 39 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1514 40 of of IN 31627 1514 41 New New NNP 31627 1514 42 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 1514 43 , , , 31627 1514 44 the the DT 31627 1514 45 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1514 46 island island NN 31627 1514 47 of of IN 31627 1514 48 Whakari Whakari NNP 31627 1514 49 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1514 50 White White NNP 31627 1514 51 Island Island NNP 31627 1514 52 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1514 53 , , , 31627 1514 54 from from IN 31627 1514 55 the the DT 31627 1514 56 crater crater NN 31627 1514 57 of of IN 31627 1514 58 which which WDT 31627 1514 59 are be VBP 31627 1514 60 constantly constantly RB 31627 1514 61 erupted erupt VBN 31627 1514 62 vast vast JJ 31627 1514 63 masses masse NNS 31627 1514 64 of of IN 31627 1514 65 steam steam NN 31627 1514 66 clouds cloud NNS 31627 1514 67 . . . 31627 1515 1 The the DT 31627 1515 2 distance distance NN 31627 1515 3 between between IN 31627 1515 4 these these DT 31627 1515 5 two two CD 31627 1515 6 active active JJ 31627 1515 7 craters crater NNS 31627 1515 8 is be VBZ 31627 1515 9 120 120 CD 31627 1515 10 nautical nautical JJ 31627 1515 11 miles mile NNS 31627 1515 12 ; ; : 31627 1515 13 and and CC 31627 1515 14 along along IN 31627 1515 15 the the DT 31627 1515 16 tract tract NN 31627 1515 17 joining join VBG 31627 1515 18 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1515 19 steam steam NN 31627 1515 20 - - HYPH 31627 1515 21 jets jet NNS 31627 1515 22 and and CC 31627 1515 23 geysers geyser NNS 31627 1515 24 issue issue VBP 31627 1515 25 forth forth RB 31627 1515 26 from from IN 31627 1515 27 the the DT 31627 1515 28 deep deep JJ 31627 1515 29 fissures fissure NNS 31627 1515 30 through through IN 31627 1515 31 which which WDT 31627 1515 32 the the DT 31627 1515 33 lava lava NN 31627 1515 34 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1515 35 have have VBP 31627 1515 36 formerly formerly RB 31627 1515 37 been be VBN 31627 1515 38 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1515 39 . . . 31627 1516 1 Numerous numerous JJ 31627 1516 2 lakes lake NNS 31627 1516 3 also also RB 31627 1516 4 occupy occupy VBP 31627 1516 5 the the DT 31627 1516 6 larger large JJR 31627 1516 7 cavities cavity NNS 31627 1516 8 in in IN 31627 1516 9 the the DT 31627 1516 10 ground ground NN 31627 1516 11 ; ; : 31627 1516 12 and and CC 31627 1516 13 hot hot JJ 31627 1516 14 - - HYPH 31627 1516 15 springs spring NNS 31627 1516 16 , , , 31627 1516 17 steam steam NN 31627 1516 18 - - HYPH 31627 1516 19 fumaroles fumarole NNS 31627 1516 20 and and CC 31627 1516 21 solfataras solfatara NNS 31627 1516 22 burst burst VBP 31627 1516 23 out out RP 31627 1516 24 in in IN 31627 1516 25 great great JJ 31627 1516 26 numbers number NNS 31627 1516 27 along along IN 31627 1516 28 the the DT 31627 1516 29 banks bank NNS 31627 1516 30 of of IN 31627 1516 31 the the DT 31627 1516 32 Roto Roto NNP 31627 1516 33 Mahana Mahana NNP 31627 1516 34 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1516 35 and and CC 31627 1516 36 the the DT 31627 1516 37 Kaiwaka Kaiwaka NNP 31627 1516 38 River River NNP 31627 1516 39 by by IN 31627 1516 40 which which WDT 31627 1516 41 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1516 42 is be VBZ 31627 1516 43 drained drain VBN 31627 1516 44 . . . 31627 1517 1 Amongst amongst IN 31627 1517 2 such such JJ 31627 1517 3 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1517 4 of of IN 31627 1517 5 hot hot JJ 31627 1517 6 - - HYPH 31627 1517 7 water water NN 31627 1517 8 and and CC 31627 1517 9 steam steam NN 31627 1517 10 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1517 11 might may MD 31627 1517 12 expect expect VB 31627 1517 13 the the DT 31627 1517 14 formation formation NN 31627 1517 15 of of IN 31627 1517 16 siliceous siliceous JJ 31627 1517 17 sinter sinter NN 31627 1517 18 , , , 31627 1517 19 and and CC 31627 1517 20 the the DT 31627 1517 21 deposition deposition NN 31627 1517 22 of of IN 31627 1517 23 sulphur sulphur NNP 31627 1517 24 and and CC 31627 1517 25 other other JJ 31627 1517 26 minerals mineral NNS 31627 1517 27 ; ; : 31627 1517 28 nor nor CC 31627 1517 29 will will MD 31627 1517 30 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1517 31 expectations expectation NNS 31627 1517 32 be be VB 31627 1517 33 disappointed disappoint VBN 31627 1517 34 . . . 31627 1518 1 For for IN 31627 1518 2 here here RB 31627 1518 3 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1518 4 have have VBP 31627 1518 5 the the DT 31627 1518 6 wonderful wonderful JJ 31627 1518 7 terraces terrace NNS 31627 1518 8 of of IN 31627 1518 9 siliceous siliceous JJ 31627 1518 10 sinter sinter NN 31627 1518 11 deposited deposit VBN 31627 1518 12 by by IN 31627 1518 13 the the DT 31627 1518 14 waters water NNS 31627 1518 15 entering enter VBG 31627 1518 16 Roto Roto NNP 31627 1518 17 Mahana Mahana NNP 31627 1518 18 as as IN 31627 1518 19 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1518 20 descend descend VBP 31627 1518 21 from from IN 31627 1518 22 the the DT 31627 1518 23 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1518 24 hot hot JJ 31627 1518 25 - - HYPH 31627 1518 26 springs spring NNS 31627 1518 27 or or CC 31627 1518 28 pools pool NNS 31627 1518 29 near near IN 31627 1518 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1518 31 margin margin NN 31627 1518 32 . . . 31627 1519 1 All all DT 31627 1519 2 travellers traveller NNS 31627 1519 3 concur concur VBP 31627 1519 4 in in IN 31627 1519 5 describing describe VBG 31627 1519 6 these these DT 31627 1519 7 terraces terrace NNS 31627 1519 8 as as IN 31627 1519 9 the the DT 31627 1519 10 most most RBS 31627 1519 11 wonderful wonderful JJ 31627 1519 12 of of IN 31627 1519 13 all all PDT 31627 1519 14 the the DT 31627 1519 15 wonders wonder NNS 31627 1519 16 of of IN 31627 1519 17 the the DT 31627 1519 18 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1519 19 district district NN 31627 1519 20 of of IN 31627 1519 21 New New NNP 31627 1519 22 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 1519 23 -- -- : 31627 1519 24 so so RB 31627 1519 25 great great JJ 31627 1519 26 is be VBZ 31627 1519 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1519 28 extent extent NN 31627 1519 29 , , , 31627 1519 30 and and CC 31627 1519 31 so so RB 31627 1519 32 rich rich JJ 31627 1519 33 and and CC 31627 1519 34 varied varied JJ 31627 1519 35 is be VBZ 31627 1519 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1519 37 colouring colouring NN 31627 1519 38 . . . 31627 1520 1 The the DT 31627 1520 2 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 1520 3 map map NN 31627 1520 4 of of IN 31627 1520 5 Roto Roto NNP 31627 1520 6 Mahana Mahana NNP 31627 1520 7 on on IN 31627 1520 8 an an DT 31627 1520 9 enlarged enlarged JJ 31627 1520 10 scale scale NN 31627 1520 11 by by IN 31627 1520 12 Hochstetter Hochstetter NNP 31627 1520 13 shows show VBZ 31627 1520 14 no no DT 31627 1520 15 fewer few JJR 31627 1520 16 than than IN 31627 1520 17 ten ten CD 31627 1520 18 large large JJ 31627 1520 19 sinter sinter NN 31627 1520 20 terraces terrace NNS 31627 1520 21 descending descend VBG 31627 1520 22 towards towards IN 31627 1520 23 the the DT 31627 1520 24 margin margin NN 31627 1520 25 of of IN 31627 1520 26 this this DT 31627 1520 27 lake lake NN 31627 1520 28 , , , 31627 1520 29 besides besides IN 31627 1520 30 several several JJ 31627 1520 31 mud mud NN 31627 1520 32 - - HYPH 31627 1520 33 springs spring NNS 31627 1520 34 , , , 31627 1520 35 fumaroles fumarole NNS 31627 1520 36 , , , 31627 1520 37 and and CC 31627 1520 38 solfataras solfatara NNS 31627 1520 39 . . . 31627 1521 1 But but CC 31627 1521 2 the the DT 31627 1521 3 largest large JJS 31627 1521 4 and and CC 31627 1521 5 most most RBS 31627 1521 6 celebrated celebrated JJ 31627 1521 7 of of IN 31627 1521 8 all all PDT 31627 1521 9 the the DT 31627 1521 10 sinter sinter JJ 31627 1521 11 terraces terrace NNS 31627 1521 12 has have VBZ 31627 1521 13 within within IN 31627 1521 14 the the DT 31627 1521 15 last last JJ 31627 1521 16 few few JJ 31627 1521 17 years year NNS 31627 1521 18 been be VBN 31627 1521 19 buried bury VBN 31627 1521 20 from from IN 31627 1521 21 view view NN 31627 1521 22 beneath beneath IN 31627 1521 23 a a DT 31627 1521 24 flood flood NN 31627 1521 25 of of IN 31627 1521 26 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1521 27 trass trass NN 31627 1521 28 , , , 31627 1521 29 or or CC 31627 1521 30 mud mud NN 31627 1521 31 , , , 31627 1521 32 an an DT 31627 1521 33 event event NN 31627 1521 34 which which WDT 31627 1521 35 was be VBD 31627 1521 36 as as RB 31627 1521 37 unexpected unexpected JJ 31627 1521 38 as as IN 31627 1521 39 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1521 40 was be VBD 31627 1521 41 unwelcome unwelcome JJ 31627 1521 42 . . . 31627 1522 1 In in IN 31627 1522 2 May May NNP 31627 1522 3 , , , 31627 1522 4 1887 1887 CD 31627 1522 5 , , , 31627 1522 6 the the DT 31627 1522 7 mountain mountain NN 31627 1522 8 of of IN 31627 1522 9 Tarawera Tarawera NNP 31627 1522 10 , , , 31627 1522 11 which which WDT 31627 1522 12 rises rise VBZ 31627 1522 13 to to IN 31627 1522 14 the the DT 31627 1522 15 north north NN 31627 1522 16 - - HYPH 31627 1522 17 east east NN 31627 1522 18 of of IN 31627 1522 19 Roto Roto NNP 31627 1522 20 Mahana Mahana NNP 31627 1522 21 , , , 31627 1522 22 and and CC 31627 1522 23 on on IN 31627 1522 24 the the DT 31627 1522 25 line line NN 31627 1522 26 of of IN 31627 1522 27 eruption eruption NN 31627 1522 28 above above IN 31627 1522 29 described describe VBN 31627 1522 30 , , , 31627 1522 31 suddenly suddenly RB 31627 1522 32 burst burst VBN 31627 1522 33 forth forth RB 31627 1522 34 into into IN 31627 1522 35 violent violent JJ 31627 1522 36 activity activity NN 31627 1522 37 , , , 31627 1522 38 covering cover VBG 31627 1522 39 the the DT 31627 1522 40 country country NN 31627 1522 41 for for IN 31627 1522 42 miles mile NNS 31627 1522 43 around around RB 31627 1522 44 with with IN 31627 1522 45 clouds cloud NNS 31627 1522 46 of of IN 31627 1522 47 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1522 48 , , , 31627 1522 49 and and CC 31627 1522 50 , , , 31627 1522 51 pouring pour VBG 31627 1522 52 down down RP 31627 1522 53 torrents torrent NNS 31627 1522 54 of of IN 31627 1522 55 mud mud NN 31627 1522 56 , , , 31627 1522 57 completely completely RB 31627 1522 58 enveloped envelop VBD 31627 1522 59 the the DT 31627 1522 60 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 1522 61 terrace terrace NN 31627 1522 62 of of IN 31627 1522 63 sinter sinter NN 31627 1522 64 which which WDT 31627 1522 65 had have VBD 31627 1522 66 previously previously RB 31627 1522 67 been be VBN 31627 1522 68 one one CD 31627 1522 69 of of IN 31627 1522 70 the the DT 31627 1522 71 wonders wonder NNS 31627 1522 72 of of IN 31627 1522 73 New New NNP 31627 1522 74 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 1522 75 . . . 31627 1523 1 By by IN 31627 1523 2 the the DT 31627 1523 3 same same JJ 31627 1523 4 eruption eruption NN 31627 1523 5 several several JJ 31627 1523 6 human human JJ 31627 1523 7 beings being NNS 31627 1523 8 were be VBD 31627 1523 9 entombed entomb VBN 31627 1523 10 , , , 31627 1523 11 and and CC 31627 1523 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1523 13 residences residence NNS 31627 1523 14 destroyed destroy VBD 31627 1523 15 . . . 31627 1524 1 The the DT 31627 1524 2 waters water NNS 31627 1524 3 of of IN 31627 1524 4 Roto Roto NNP 31627 1524 5 Mahana Mahana NNP 31627 1524 6 , , , 31627 1524 7 together together RB 31627 1524 8 with with IN 31627 1524 9 the the DT 31627 1524 10 hot hot JJ 31627 1524 11 - - HYPH 31627 1524 12 springs spring NNS 31627 1524 13 and and CC 31627 1524 14 fountains fountain NNS 31627 1524 15 are be VBP 31627 1524 16 fed feed VBN 31627 1524 17 from from IN 31627 1524 18 rain rain NN 31627 1524 19 , , , 31627 1524 20 and and CC 31627 1524 21 from from IN 31627 1524 22 the the DT 31627 1524 23 waters water NNS 31627 1524 24 of of IN 31627 1524 25 Taupo Taupo NNP 31627 1524 26 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1524 27 , , , 31627 1524 28 which which WDT 31627 1524 29 , , , 31627 1524 30 sinking sink VBG 31627 1524 31 through through IN 31627 1524 32 fissures fissure NNS 31627 1524 33 in in IN 31627 1524 34 the the DT 31627 1524 35 ground ground NN 31627 1524 36 , , , 31627 1524 37 come come VB 31627 1524 38 in in IN 31627 1524 39 contact contact NN 31627 1524 40 with with IN 31627 1524 41 the the DT 31627 1524 42 interior interior JJ 31627 1524 43 heated heated JJ 31627 1524 44 matter matter NN 31627 1524 45 , , , 31627 1524 46 and and CC 31627 1524 47 thus thus RB 31627 1524 48 steam steam NN 31627 1524 49 at at IN 31627 1524 50 high high JJ 31627 1524 51 temperature temperature NN 31627 1524 52 and and CC 31627 1524 53 pressure pressure NN 31627 1524 54 is be VBZ 31627 1524 55 generated generate VBN 31627 1524 56 . . . 31627 1525 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1525 2 3 3 CD 31627 1525 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1525 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1525 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1525 6 d. d. NNP 31627 1525 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1525 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1525 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1525 10 Moribund Moribund NNP 31627 1525 11 condition condition NN 31627 1525 12 of of IN 31627 1525 13 New New NNP 31627 1525 14 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 1525 15 Volcanoes._--From Volcanoes._--From NNP 31627 1525 16 what what WP 31627 1525 17 has have VBZ 31627 1525 18 been be VBN 31627 1525 19 said say VBN 31627 1525 20 , , , 31627 1525 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1525 22 will will MD 31627 1525 23 be be VB 31627 1525 24 inferred infer VBN 31627 1525 25 that that IN 31627 1525 26 in in IN 31627 1525 27 the the DT 31627 1525 28 case case NN 31627 1525 29 of of IN 31627 1525 30 New New NNP 31627 1525 31 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 1525 32 , , , 31627 1525 33 as as IN 31627 1525 34 in in IN 31627 1525 35 those those DT 31627 1525 36 of of IN 31627 1525 37 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 1525 38 , , , 31627 1525 39 the the DT 31627 1525 40 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 1525 41 and and CC 31627 1525 42 Lower Lower NNP 31627 1525 43 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1525 44 , , , 31627 1525 45 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1525 46 , , , 31627 1525 47 and and CC 31627 1525 48 Western Western NNP 31627 1525 49 America America NNP 31627 1525 50 , , , 31627 1525 51 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1525 52 have have VBP 31627 1525 53 an an DT 31627 1525 54 example example NN 31627 1525 55 of of IN 31627 1525 56 a a DT 31627 1525 57 region region NN 31627 1525 58 wherein wherein WRB 31627 1525 59 the the DT 31627 1525 60 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1525 61 forces force NNS 31627 1525 62 are be VBP 31627 1525 63 well well RB 31627 1525 64 - - HYPH 31627 1525 65 nigh nigh NN 31627 1525 66 spent spend VBN 31627 1525 67 , , , 31627 1525 68 but but CC 31627 1525 69 in in IN 31627 1525 70 which which WDT 31627 1525 71 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1525 72 were be VBD 31627 1525 73 in in IN 31627 1525 74 a a DT 31627 1525 75 state state NN 31627 1525 76 of of IN 31627 1525 77 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 31627 1525 78 activity activity NN 31627 1525 79 throughout throughout IN 31627 1525 80 the the DT 31627 1525 81 later later JJ 31627 1525 82 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1525 83 , , , 31627 1525 84 down down RB 31627 1525 85 to to IN 31627 1525 86 the the DT 31627 1525 87 commencement commencement NN 31627 1525 88 of of IN 31627 1525 89 the the DT 31627 1525 90 present present JJ 31627 1525 91 epoch epoch NN 31627 1525 92 . . . 31627 1526 1 In in IN 31627 1526 2 most most JJS 31627 1526 3 of of IN 31627 1526 4 these these DT 31627 1526 5 cases case NNS 31627 1526 6 the the DT 31627 1526 7 secondary secondary JJ 31627 1526 8 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1526 9 of of IN 31627 1526 10 vulcanicity vulcanicity NN 31627 1526 11 are be VBP 31627 1526 12 abundantly abundantly RB 31627 1526 13 manifest manifest JJ 31627 1526 14 ; ; : 31627 1526 15 but but CC 31627 1526 16 the the DT 31627 1526 17 great great JJ 31627 1526 18 exhibitions exhibition NNS 31627 1526 19 of of IN 31627 1526 20 igneous igneous JJ 31627 1526 21 action action NN 31627 1526 22 , , , 31627 1526 23 when when WRB 31627 1526 24 the the DT 31627 1526 25 plains plain NNS 31627 1526 26 were be VBD 31627 1526 27 devastated devastate VBN 31627 1526 28 by by IN 31627 1526 29 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1526 30 of of IN 31627 1526 31 lava lava NN 31627 1526 32 , , , 31627 1526 33 and and CC 31627 1526 34 cones cone NNS 31627 1526 35 and and CC 31627 1526 36 craters crater NNS 31627 1526 37 were be VBD 31627 1526 38 piled pile VBN 31627 1526 39 up up RP 31627 1526 40 through through IN 31627 1526 41 hundreds hundred NNS 31627 1526 42 and and CC 31627 1526 43 thousands thousand NNS 31627 1526 44 of of IN 31627 1526 45 feet foot NNS 31627 1526 46 , , , 31627 1526 47 have have VBP 31627 1526 48 for for IN 31627 1526 49 the the DT 31627 1526 50 present present NN 31627 1526 51 , , , 31627 1526 52 at at IN 31627 1526 53 least least JJS 31627 1526 54 , , , 31627 1526 55 passed pass VBD 31627 1526 56 away away RB 31627 1526 57 . . . 31627 1527 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1527 2 1 1 CD 31627 1527 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1527 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1527 5 Geol.-topographischer geol.-topographischer NN 31627 1527 6 Atlas Atlas NNP 31627 1527 7 von von NNP 31627 1527 8 Neu Neu NNP 31627 1527 9 - - HYPH 31627 1527 10 Seeland Seeland NNP 31627 1527 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1527 12 , , , 31627 1527 13 von von NNP 31627 1527 14 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1527 15 Ferd Ferd NNP 31627 1527 16 . . . 31627 1528 1 von von NNP 31627 1528 2 Hochstetter Hochstetter NNP 31627 1528 3 und und NN 31627 1528 4 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1528 5 A. A. NNP 31627 1528 6 Petermann Petermann NNP 31627 1528 7 . . . 31627 1529 1 Gotha Gotha NNP 31627 1529 2 : : : 31627 1529 3 Justus Justus NNP 31627 1529 4 Perthes Perthes NNP 31627 1529 5 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1529 6 1863 1863 CD 31627 1529 7 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1529 8 . . . 31627 1530 1 Also also RB 31627 1530 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1530 3 New New NNP 31627 1530 4 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 1530 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1530 6 , , , 31627 1530 7 trans trans NNPS 31627 1530 8 . . . 31627 1531 1 by by IN 31627 1531 2 E. E. NNP 31627 1531 3 Sauter Sauter NNP 31627 1531 4 , , , 31627 1531 5 Stuttgart Stuttgart NNP 31627 1531 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1531 7 1867 1867 CD 31627 1531 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1531 9 . . . 31627 1532 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1532 2 2 2 LS 31627 1532 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1532 4 Tongariro Tongariro NNP 31627 1532 5 was be VBD 31627 1532 6 visited visit VBN 31627 1532 7 in in IN 31627 1532 8 1851 1851 CD 31627 1532 9 by by IN 31627 1532 10 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1532 11 H. H. NNP 31627 1532 12 Dyson Dyson NNP 31627 1532 13 , , , 31627 1532 14 who who WP 31627 1532 15 describes describe VBZ 31627 1532 16 the the DT 31627 1532 17 eruption eruption NN 31627 1532 18 of of IN 31627 1532 19 steam steam NN 31627 1532 20 . . . 31627 1533 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1533 2 3 3 LS 31627 1533 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1533 4 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1533 5 Froude Froude NNP 31627 1533 6 figures figure VBZ 31627 1533 7 and and CC 31627 1533 8 describes describe VBZ 31627 1533 9 the the DT 31627 1533 10 two two CD 31627 1533 11 terraces terrace NNS 31627 1533 12 , , , 31627 1533 13 the the DT 31627 1533 14 " " `` 31627 1533 15 White White NNP 31627 1533 16 " " '' 31627 1533 17 and and CC 31627 1533 18 " " `` 31627 1533 19 Pink Pink NNP 31627 1533 20 , , , 31627 1533 21 " " '' 31627 1533 22 in in IN 31627 1533 23 _ _ NNP 31627 1533 24 Oceana Oceana NNP 31627 1533 25 _ _ NNP 31627 1533 26 , , , 31627 1533 27 2nd 2nd NNP 31627 1533 28 edition edition NNP 31627 1533 29 , , , 31627 1533 30 pp pp NNP 31627 1533 31 . . . 31627 1534 1 285 285 CD 31627 1534 2 - - SYM 31627 1534 3 291 291 CD 31627 1534 4 . . . 31627 1535 1 PART PART NNP 31627 1535 2 IV IV NNP 31627 1535 3 . . . 31627 1536 1 TERTIARY TERTIARY NNP 31627 1536 2 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 1536 3 DISTRICTS DISTRICTS NNP 31627 1536 4 OF of IN 31627 1536 5 THE the DT 31627 1536 6 BRITISH british JJ 31627 1536 7 ISLES isle NNS 31627 1536 8 . . . 31627 1537 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1537 2 I. I. NNP 31627 1537 3 ANTRIM ANTRIM NNP 31627 1537 4 . . . 31627 1538 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1538 2 is be VBZ 31627 1538 3 an an DT 31627 1538 4 easy easy JJ 31627 1538 5 transition transition NN 31627 1538 6 to to TO 31627 1538 7 pass pass VB 31627 1538 8 from from IN 31627 1538 9 the the DT 31627 1538 10 consideration consideration NN 31627 1538 11 of of IN 31627 1538 12 European european JJ 31627 1538 13 and and CC 31627 1538 14 other other JJ 31627 1538 15 dormant dormant JJ 31627 1538 16 , , , 31627 1538 17 or or CC 31627 1538 18 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1538 19 , , , 31627 1538 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1538 21 regions region NNS 31627 1538 22 to to IN 31627 1538 23 those those DT 31627 1538 24 of of IN 31627 1538 25 the the DT 31627 1538 26 British British NNP 31627 1538 27 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1538 28 , , , 31627 1538 29 though though IN 31627 1538 30 the the DT 31627 1538 31 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1538 32 forces force NNS 31627 1538 33 may may MD 31627 1538 34 have have VB 31627 1538 35 become become VBN 31627 1538 36 in in IN 31627 1538 37 this this DT 31627 1538 38 latter latter JJ 31627 1538 39 instance instance NN 31627 1538 40 quiescent quiescent JJ 31627 1538 41 for for IN 31627 1538 42 a a DT 31627 1538 43 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 1538 44 longer long JJR 31627 1538 45 period period NN 31627 1538 46 . . . 31627 1539 1 In in IN 31627 1539 2 all all PDT 31627 1539 3 the the DT 31627 1539 4 cases case NNS 31627 1539 5 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1539 6 have have VBP 31627 1539 7 been be VBN 31627 1539 8 considering consider VBG 31627 1539 9 , , , 31627 1539 10 whether whether IN 31627 1539 11 those those DT 31627 1539 12 of of IN 31627 1539 13 Central Central NNP 31627 1539 14 Italy Italy NNP 31627 1539 15 , , , 31627 1539 16 of of IN 31627 1539 17 the the DT 31627 1539 18 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 1539 19 and and CC 31627 1539 20 Moselle Moselle NNP 31627 1539 21 , , , 31627 1539 22 of of IN 31627 1539 23 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 1539 24 , , , 31627 1539 25 or or CC 31627 1539 26 of of IN 31627 1539 27 Syria Syria NNP 31627 1539 28 and and CC 31627 1539 29 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1539 30 , , , 31627 1539 31 the the DT 31627 1539 32 cones cone NNS 31627 1539 33 and and CC 31627 1539 34 craters crater NNS 31627 1539 35 of of IN 31627 1539 36 eruption eruption NN 31627 1539 37 are be VBP 31627 1539 38 generally generally RB 31627 1539 39 present present JJ 31627 1539 40 entire entire JJ 31627 1539 41 , , , 31627 1539 42 or or CC 31627 1539 43 but but CC 31627 1539 44 slightly slightly RB 31627 1539 45 modified modify VBN 31627 1539 46 in in IN 31627 1539 47 form form NN 31627 1539 48 and and CC 31627 1539 49 size size NN 31627 1539 50 by by IN 31627 1539 51 the the DT 31627 1539 52 effects effect NNS 31627 1539 53 of of IN 31627 1539 54 time time NN 31627 1539 55 . . . 31627 1540 1 But but CC 31627 1540 2 in in IN 31627 1540 3 the the DT 31627 1540 4 case case NN 31627 1540 5 of of IN 31627 1540 6 the the DT 31627 1540 7 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1540 8 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1540 9 districts district NNS 31627 1540 10 of of IN 31627 1540 11 the the DT 31627 1540 12 British British NNP 31627 1540 13 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1540 14 this this DT 31627 1540 15 is be VBZ 31627 1540 16 not not RB 31627 1540 17 so so RB 31627 1540 18 . . . 31627 1541 1 On on IN 31627 1541 2 the the DT 31627 1541 3 contrary contrary NN 31627 1541 4 , , , 31627 1541 5 these these DT 31627 1541 6 more more RBR 31627 1541 7 prominent prominent JJ 31627 1541 8 features feature NNS 31627 1541 9 of of IN 31627 1541 10 vulcanicity vulcanicity NN 31627 1541 11 over over IN 31627 1541 12 the the DT 31627 1541 13 surface surface NN 31627 1541 14 of of IN 31627 1541 15 the the DT 31627 1541 16 ground ground NN 31627 1541 17 have have VBP 31627 1541 18 been be VBN 31627 1541 19 removed remove VBN 31627 1541 20 by by IN 31627 1541 21 the the DT 31627 1541 22 agents agent NNS 31627 1541 23 of of IN 31627 1541 24 denudation denudation NN 31627 1541 25 , , , 31627 1541 26 and and CC 31627 1541 27 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1541 28 observations observation NNS 31627 1541 29 are be VBP 31627 1541 30 confined confine VBN 31627 1541 31 to to IN 31627 1541 32 the the DT 31627 1541 33 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1541 34 presented present VBN 31627 1541 35 by by IN 31627 1541 36 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1541 37 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1541 38 of of IN 31627 1541 39 lava lava NN 31627 1541 40 and and CC 31627 1541 41 beds bed NNS 31627 1541 42 of of IN 31627 1541 43 ash ash NN 31627 1541 44 , , , 31627 1541 45 or or CC 31627 1541 46 the the DT 31627 1541 47 stumps stump NNS 31627 1541 48 and and CC 31627 1541 49 necks neck NNS 31627 1541 50 of of IN 31627 1541 51 former former JJ 31627 1541 52 vents vent NNS 31627 1541 53 of of IN 31627 1541 54 eruption eruption NN 31627 1541 55 , , , 31627 1541 56 together together RB 31627 1541 57 with with IN 31627 1541 58 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1541 59 of of IN 31627 1541 60 trap trap NN 31627 1541 61 by by IN 31627 1541 62 which which WDT 31627 1541 63 the the DT 31627 1541 64 plateau plateau NN 31627 1541 65 - - HYPH 31627 1541 66 lavas lavas NNP 31627 1541 67 are be VBP 31627 1541 68 everywhere everywhere RB 31627 1541 69 traversed traverse VBN 31627 1541 70 or or CC 31627 1541 71 intersected intersect VBN 31627 1541 72 . . . 31627 1542 1 The the DT 31627 1542 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1542 3 region region NN 31627 1542 4 of of IN 31627 1542 5 the the DT 31627 1542 6 British British NNP 31627 1542 7 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1542 8 extends extend VBZ 31627 1542 9 at at IN 31627 1542 10 intervals interval NNS 31627 1542 11 from from IN 31627 1542 12 the the DT 31627 1542 13 North North NNP 31627 1542 14 - - HYPH 31627 1542 15 east east NN 31627 1542 16 of of IN 31627 1542 17 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1542 18 through through IN 31627 1542 19 the the DT 31627 1542 20 Island Island NNP 31627 1542 21 of of IN 31627 1542 22 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1542 23 and and CC 31627 1542 24 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 1542 25 districts district NNS 31627 1542 26 on on IN 31627 1542 27 the the DT 31627 1542 28 mainland mainland NN 31627 1542 29 of of IN 31627 1542 30 Morvern Morvern NNP 31627 1542 31 and and CC 31627 1542 32 Ardnamurchan Ardnamurchan NNP 31627 1542 33 into into IN 31627 1542 34 the the DT 31627 1542 35 Isle Isle NNP 31627 1542 36 of of IN 31627 1542 37 Skye Skye NNP 31627 1542 38 , , , 31627 1542 39 and and CC 31627 1542 40 comprises comprise VBZ 31627 1542 41 several several JJ 31627 1542 42 smaller small JJR 31627 1542 43 islets islet NNS 31627 1542 44 ; ; : 31627 1542 45 the the DT 31627 1542 46 whole whole JJ 31627 1542 47 being be VBG 31627 1542 48 included include VBN 31627 1542 49 in in IN 31627 1542 50 the the DT 31627 1542 51 general general JJ 31627 1542 52 name name NN 31627 1542 53 of of IN 31627 1542 54 the the DT 31627 1542 55 Inner Inner NNP 31627 1542 56 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 1542 57 . . . 31627 1543 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1543 2 is be VBZ 31627 1543 3 doubtful doubtful JJ 31627 1543 4 if if IN 31627 1543 5 the the DT 31627 1543 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1543 7 lavas lavas NN 31627 1543 8 of of IN 31627 1543 9 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1543 10 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1543 11 were be VBD 31627 1543 12 ever ever RB 31627 1543 13 physically physically RB 31627 1543 14 connected connect VBN 31627 1543 15 with with IN 31627 1543 16 those those DT 31627 1543 17 of of IN 31627 1543 18 the the DT 31627 1543 19 west west NN 31627 1543 20 of of IN 31627 1543 21 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1543 22 , , , 31627 1543 23 though though IN 31627 1543 24 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1543 25 may may MD 31627 1543 26 be be VB 31627 1543 27 considered consider VBN 31627 1543 28 as as IN 31627 1543 29 contemporary contemporary JJ 31627 1543 30 with with IN 31627 1543 31 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1543 32 ; ; : 31627 1543 33 and and CC 31627 1543 34 in in IN 31627 1543 35 all all DT 31627 1543 36 cases case NNS 31627 1543 37 the the DT 31627 1543 38 existing exist VBG 31627 1543 39 tracts tract NNS 31627 1543 40 of of IN 31627 1543 41 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1543 42 rock rock NN 31627 1543 43 are be VBP 31627 1543 44 mere mere JJ 31627 1543 45 fragments fragment NNS 31627 1543 46 of of IN 31627 1543 47 those those DT 31627 1543 48 originally originally RB 31627 1543 49 formed form VBN 31627 1543 50 by by IN 31627 1543 51 the the DT 31627 1543 52 extrusion extrusion NN 31627 1543 53 of of IN 31627 1543 54 lavas lavas NNP 31627 1543 55 from from IN 31627 1543 56 vents vent NNS 31627 1543 57 of of IN 31627 1543 58 eruption eruption NN 31627 1543 59 . . . 31627 1544 1 In in IN 31627 1544 2 addition addition NN 31627 1544 3 to to IN 31627 1544 4 these these DT 31627 1544 5 , , , 31627 1544 6 there there EX 31627 1544 7 are be VBP 31627 1544 8 large large JJ 31627 1544 9 areas area NNS 31627 1544 10 of of IN 31627 1544 11 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1544 12 rock rock NN 31627 1544 13 overspread overspread NN 31627 1544 14 by by IN 31627 1544 15 the the DT 31627 1544 16 waters water NNS 31627 1544 17 of of IN 31627 1544 18 the the DT 31627 1544 19 ocean ocean NN 31627 1544 20 . . . 31627 1545 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1545 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1545 3 a. a. NN 31627 1545 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1545 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1545 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1545 7 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1545 8 Age._--The Age._--The NNP 31627 1545 9 British british JJ 31627 1545 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1545 11 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1545 12 now now RB 31627 1545 13 under under IN 31627 1545 14 consideration consideration NN 31627 1545 15 are be VBP 31627 1545 16 all all DT 31627 1545 17 later later RB 31627 1545 18 than than IN 31627 1545 19 the the DT 31627 1545 20 Cretaceous cretaceous JJ 31627 1545 21 period period NN 31627 1545 22 . . . 31627 1546 1 Throughout throughout IN 31627 1546 2 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1546 3 , , , 31627 1546 4 and and CC 31627 1546 5 in in IN 31627 1546 6 parts part NNS 31627 1546 7 of of IN 31627 1546 8 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1546 9 , , , 31627 1546 10 the the DT 31627 1546 11 lavas lava NNS 31627 1546 12 are be VBP 31627 1546 13 found find VBN 31627 1546 14 resting rest VBG 31627 1546 15 on on RP 31627 1546 16 highly highly RB 31627 1546 17 eroded erode VBN 31627 1546 18 faces face NNS 31627 1546 19 either either DT 31627 1546 20 of of IN 31627 1546 21 the the DT 31627 1546 22 Upper Upper NNP 31627 1546 23 Chalk Chalk NNP 31627 1546 24 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1546 25 Fig fig NN 31627 1546 26 . . . 31627 1547 1 27 27 CD 31627 1547 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1547 3 , , , 31627 1547 4 or or CC 31627 1547 5 , , , 31627 1547 6 where where WRB 31627 1547 7 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1547 8 has have VBZ 31627 1547 9 been be VBN 31627 1547 10 altogether altogether RB 31627 1547 11 denuded denude VBN 31627 1547 12 away away RP 31627 1547 13 , , , 31627 1547 14 on on IN 31627 1547 15 still still RB 31627 1547 16 older old JJR 31627 1547 17 Mesozoic mesozoic JJ 31627 1547 18 strata strata NN 31627 1547 19 . . . 31627 1548 1 From from IN 31627 1548 2 the the DT 31627 1548 3 relations relation NNS 31627 1548 4 of of IN 31627 1548 5 the the DT 31627 1548 6 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1548 7 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1548 8 of of IN 31627 1548 9 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1548 10 to to IN 31627 1548 11 the the DT 31627 1548 12 Upper Upper NNP 31627 1548 13 Chalk Chalk NNP 31627 1548 14 , , , 31627 1548 15 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1548 16 is be VBZ 31627 1548 17 clear clear JJ 31627 1548 18 that that IN 31627 1548 19 the the DT 31627 1548 20 latter latter JJ 31627 1548 21 formation formation NN 31627 1548 22 , , , 31627 1548 23 after after IN 31627 1548 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1548 25 deposition deposition NN 31627 1548 26 beneath beneath IN 31627 1548 27 the the DT 31627 1548 28 waters water NNS 31627 1548 29 of of IN 31627 1548 30 the the DT 31627 1548 31 Cretaceous Cretaceous NNP 31627 1548 32 seas sea NNS 31627 1548 33 , , , 31627 1548 34 was be VBD 31627 1548 35 elevated elevate VBN 31627 1548 36 into into IN 31627 1548 37 dry dry JJ 31627 1548 38 land land NN 31627 1548 39 and and CC 31627 1548 40 exposed expose VBN 31627 1548 41 to to IN 31627 1548 42 a a DT 31627 1548 43 long long JJ 31627 1548 44 period period NN 31627 1548 45 of of IN 31627 1548 46 subaërial subaërial JJ 31627 1548 47 erosion erosion NN 31627 1548 48 before before IN 31627 1548 49 the the DT 31627 1548 50 first first JJ 31627 1548 51 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1548 52 of of IN 31627 1548 53 lava lava NN 31627 1548 54 invaded invade VBD 31627 1548 55 the the DT 31627 1548 56 surface surface NN 31627 1548 57 of of IN 31627 1548 58 the the DT 31627 1548 59 ground ground NN 31627 1548 60 . . . 31627 1549 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 1549 2 are be VBP 31627 1549 3 , , , 31627 1549 4 therefore therefore RB 31627 1549 5 , , , 31627 1549 6 tolerably tolerably RB 31627 1549 7 safe safe JJ 31627 1549 8 in in IN 31627 1549 9 considering consider VBG 31627 1549 10 the the DT 31627 1549 11 first first JJ 31627 1549 12 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1549 13 to to TO 31627 1549 14 belong belong VB 31627 1549 15 to to IN 31627 1549 16 the the DT 31627 1549 17 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1549 18 period period NN 31627 1549 19 ; ; : 31627 1549 20 but but CC 31627 1549 21 the the DT 31627 1549 22 evidence evidence NN 31627 1549 23 , , , 31627 1549 24 derived derive VBN 31627 1549 25 as as IN 31627 1549 26 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1549 27 is be VBZ 31627 1549 28 exclusively exclusively RB 31627 1549 29 from from IN 31627 1549 30 plant plant NN 31627 1549 31 remains remain VBZ 31627 1549 32 , , , 31627 1549 33 is be VBZ 31627 1549 34 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 1549 35 conflicting conflicting JJ 31627 1549 36 as as IN 31627 1549 37 to to IN 31627 1549 38 the the DT 31627 1549 39 precise precise JJ 31627 1549 40 epoch epoch NN 31627 1549 41 to to TO 31627 1549 42 which which WDT 31627 1549 43 the the DT 31627 1549 44 lavas lavas NN 31627 1549 45 and and CC 31627 1549 46 beds bed NNS 31627 1549 47 of of IN 31627 1549 48 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1549 49 containing contain VBG 31627 1549 50 the the DT 31627 1549 51 plant plant NN 31627 1549 52 - - HYPH 31627 1549 53 remains remain NNS 31627 1549 54 are be VBP 31627 1549 55 to to TO 31627 1549 56 be be VB 31627 1549 57 referred refer VBN 31627 1549 58 . . . 31627 1550 1 The the DT 31627 1550 2 probabilities probability NNS 31627 1550 3 appear appear VBP 31627 1550 4 to to TO 31627 1550 5 be be VB 31627 1550 6 that that IN 31627 1550 7 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1550 8 are be VBP 31627 1550 9 of of IN 31627 1550 10 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1550 11 age age NN 31627 1550 12 ; ; : 31627 1550 13 and and CC 31627 1550 14 if if IN 31627 1550 15 so so RB 31627 1550 16 , , , 31627 1550 17 the the DT 31627 1550 18 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1550 19 lavas lavas NNP 31627 1550 20 , , , 31627 1550 21 which which WDT 31627 1550 22 in in IN 31627 1550 23 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1550 24 are be VBP 31627 1550 25 older old JJR 31627 1550 26 than than IN 31627 1550 27 those those DT 31627 1550 28 containing contain VBG 31627 1550 29 plants plant NNS 31627 1550 30 , , , 31627 1550 31 may may MD 31627 1550 32 be be VB 31627 1550 33 referred refer VBN 31627 1550 34 to to IN 31627 1550 35 a a DT 31627 1550 36 still still RB 31627 1550 37 earlier early JJR 31627 1550 38 epoch epoch NN 31627 1550 39 -- -- : 31627 1550 40 namely namely RB 31627 1550 41 , , , 31627 1550 42 that that DT 31627 1550 43 of of IN 31627 1550 44 the the DT 31627 1550 45 Eocene Eocene NNP 31627 1550 46 . . . 31627 1551 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1551 2 1 1 LS 31627 1551 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1551 4 As as IN 31627 1551 5 plant plant NN 31627 1551 6 remains remain VBZ 31627 1551 7 are be VBP 31627 1551 8 not not RB 31627 1551 9 very very RB 31627 1551 10 distinctive distinctive JJ 31627 1551 11 , , , 31627 1551 12 the the DT 31627 1551 13 question question NN 31627 1551 14 regarding regard VBG 31627 1551 15 the the DT 31627 1551 16 exact exact JJ 31627 1551 17 time time NN 31627 1551 18 of of IN 31627 1551 19 the the DT 31627 1551 20 first first JJ 31627 1551 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1551 22 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1551 23 will will MD 31627 1551 24 probably probably RB 31627 1551 25 remain remain VB 31627 1551 26 for for IN 31627 1551 27 ever ever RB 31627 1551 28 undecided undecided JJ 31627 1551 29 ; ; : 31627 1551 30 but but CC 31627 1551 31 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1551 32 are be VBP 31627 1551 33 not not RB 31627 1551 34 likely likely JJ 31627 1551 35 to to TO 31627 1551 36 be be VB 31627 1551 37 much much JJ 31627 1551 38 in in IN 31627 1551 39 error error NN 31627 1551 40 if if IN 31627 1551 41 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1551 42 consider consider VBP 31627 1551 43 the the DT 31627 1551 44 entire entire JJ 31627 1551 45 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1551 46 period period NN 31627 1551 47 to to TO 31627 1551 48 range range VB 31627 1551 49 from from IN 31627 1551 50 the the DT 31627 1551 51 close close NN 31627 1551 52 of of IN 31627 1551 53 the the DT 31627 1551 54 Eocene Eocene NNP 31627 1551 55 to to IN 31627 1551 56 that that DT 31627 1551 57 of of IN 31627 1551 58 the the DT 31627 1551 59 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1551 60 ; ; : 31627 1551 61 by by IN 31627 1551 62 far far RB 31627 1551 63 the the DT 31627 1551 64 greater great JJR 31627 1551 65 mass mass NN 31627 1551 66 of of IN 31627 1551 67 the the DT 31627 1551 68 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1551 69 rocks rock NNS 31627 1551 70 being be VBG 31627 1551 71 referable referable JJ 31627 1551 72 to to IN 31627 1551 73 the the DT 31627 1551 74 latter latter JJ 31627 1551 75 epoch epoch NN 31627 1551 76 . . . 31627 1552 1 In in IN 31627 1552 2 describing describe VBG 31627 1552 3 the the DT 31627 1552 4 British british JJ 31627 1552 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1552 6 districts district NNS 31627 1552 7 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1552 8 will will MD 31627 1552 9 be be VB 31627 1552 10 most most RBS 31627 1552 11 convenient convenient JJ 31627 1552 12 to to TO 31627 1552 13 deal deal VB 31627 1552 14 with with IN 31627 1552 15 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1552 16 in in IN 31627 1552 17 three three CD 31627 1552 18 divisions division NNS 31627 1552 19 -- -- : 31627 1552 20 viz viz NNP 31627 1552 21 . . . 31627 1552 22 , , , 31627 1552 23 those those DT 31627 1552 24 of of IN 31627 1552 25 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1552 26 , , , 31627 1552 27 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1552 28 , , , 31627 1552 29 and and CC 31627 1552 30 Skye Skye NNP 31627 1552 31 , , , 31627 1552 32 commencing commence VBG 31627 1552 33 with with IN 31627 1552 34 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1552 35 . . . 31627 1553 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1553 2 2 2 CD 31627 1553 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1553 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1553 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1553 6 b. b. NNP 31627 1553 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1553 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1553 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1553 10 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1553 11 Area._--The Area._--The NNP 31627 1553 12 great great JJ 31627 1553 13 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1553 14 of of IN 31627 1553 15 basalt basalt NN 31627 1553 16 and and CC 31627 1553 17 other other JJ 31627 1553 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1553 19 products product NNS 31627 1553 20 of of IN 31627 1553 21 the the DT 31627 1553 22 North North NNP 31627 1553 23 - - HYPH 31627 1553 24 east east NN 31627 1553 25 of of IN 31627 1553 26 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1553 27 overspread overspread VBZ 31627 1553 28 almost almost RB 31627 1553 29 the the DT 31627 1553 30 whole whole NN 31627 1553 31 of of IN 31627 1553 32 the the DT 31627 1553 33 County County NNP 31627 1553 34 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1553 35 , , , 31627 1553 36 and and CC 31627 1553 37 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 1553 38 districts district NNS 31627 1553 39 of of IN 31627 1553 40 Londonderry Londonderry NNP 31627 1553 41 and and CC 31627 1553 42 Tyrone Tyrone NNP 31627 1553 43 , , , 31627 1553 44 breaking break VBG 31627 1553 45 off off RP 31627 1553 46 in in IN 31627 1553 47 a a DT 31627 1553 48 fine fine JJ 31627 1553 49 mural mural NN 31627 1553 50 escarpment escarpment NN 31627 1553 51 along along IN 31627 1553 52 the the DT 31627 1553 53 northern northern JJ 31627 1553 54 shore shore NN 31627 1553 55 of of IN 31627 1553 56 Belfast Belfast NNP 31627 1553 57 Lough Lough NNP 31627 1553 58 and and CC 31627 1553 59 the the DT 31627 1553 60 sea sea NN 31627 1553 61 coast coast NN 31627 1553 62 throughout throughout IN 31627 1553 63 the the DT 31627 1553 64 whole whole NN 31627 1553 65 of of IN 31627 1553 66 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1553 67 range range NN 31627 1553 68 from from IN 31627 1553 69 Larne Larne NNP 31627 1553 70 Harbour Harbour NNP 31627 1553 71 to to IN 31627 1553 72 Lough Lough NNP 31627 1553 73 Foyle Foyle NNP 31627 1553 74 ; ; : 31627 1553 75 the the DT 31627 1553 76 only only JJ 31627 1553 77 direction direction NN 31627 1553 78 in in IN 31627 1553 79 which which WDT 31627 1553 80 these these DT 31627 1553 81 features feature NNS 31627 1553 82 subside subside VBP 31627 1553 83 into into IN 31627 1553 84 the the DT 31627 1553 85 general general JJ 31627 1553 86 level level NN 31627 1553 87 of of IN 31627 1553 88 the the DT 31627 1553 89 country country NN 31627 1553 90 being be VBG 31627 1553 91 around around IN 31627 1553 92 the the DT 31627 1553 93 shores shore NNS 31627 1553 94 of of IN 31627 1553 95 Lough Lough NNP 31627 1553 96 Neagh Neagh NNP 31627 1553 97 . . . 31627 1554 1 Several several JJ 31627 1554 2 outliers outlier NNS 31627 1554 3 of of IN 31627 1554 4 the the DT 31627 1554 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1554 6 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1554 7 are be VBP 31627 1554 8 to to TO 31627 1554 9 be be VB 31627 1554 10 found find VBN 31627 1554 11 at at IN 31627 1554 12 intervals interval NNS 31627 1554 13 around around IN 31627 1554 14 the the DT 31627 1554 15 great great JJ 31627 1554 16 central central JJ 31627 1554 17 plateau plateau NN 31627 1554 18 ; ; : 31627 1554 19 such such JJ 31627 1554 20 as as IN 31627 1554 21 those those DT 31627 1554 22 of of IN 31627 1554 23 Rathlin Rathlin NNP 31627 1554 24 Island Island NNP 31627 1554 25 , , , 31627 1554 26 Island Island NNP 31627 1554 27 Magee Magee NNP 31627 1554 28 , , , 31627 1554 29 and and CC 31627 1554 30 Scrabo Scrabo NNP 31627 1554 31 Hill Hill NNP 31627 1554 32 in in IN 31627 1554 33 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1554 34 Down down RB 31627 1554 35 . . . 31627 1555 1 The the DT 31627 1555 2 area area NN 31627 1555 3 of of IN 31627 1555 4 the the DT 31627 1555 5 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1555 6 plateau plateau NN 31627 1555 7 may may MD 31627 1555 8 be be VB 31627 1555 9 roughly roughly RB 31627 1555 10 estimated estimate VBN 31627 1555 11 at at IN 31627 1555 12 2,000 2,000 CD 31627 1555 13 square square JJ 31627 1555 14 miles mile NNS 31627 1555 15 . . . 31627 1556 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1556 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1556 3 : : : 31627 1556 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1556 5 . . . 31627 1557 1 27.--"The 27.--"the CD 31627 1557 2 White white JJ 31627 1557 3 Rocks Rocks NNPS 31627 1557 4 , , , 31627 1557 5 " " '' 31627 1557 6 Portrush Portrush NNP 31627 1557 7 , , , 31627 1557 8 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1557 9 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1557 10 , , , 31627 1557 11 showing show VBG 31627 1557 12 the the DT 31627 1557 13 plateau plateau NN 31627 1557 14 - - HYPH 31627 1557 15 basalt basalt NN 31627 1557 16 resting resting NN 31627 1557 17 on on IN 31627 1557 18 an an DT 31627 1557 19 eroded erode VBN 31627 1557 20 surface surface NN 31627 1557 21 of of IN 31627 1557 22 the the DT 31627 1557 23 Upper Upper NNP 31627 1557 24 Chalk Chalk NNP 31627 1557 25 , , , 31627 1557 26 with with IN 31627 1557 27 bands band NNS 31627 1557 28 of of IN 31627 1557 29 flint.--(From flint.--(From NNP 31627 1557 30 a a DT 31627 1557 31 photograph photograph NN 31627 1557 32 . . . 31627 1557 33 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1557 34 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1558 1 The the DT 31627 1558 2 truncated truncate VBN 31627 1558 3 edges edge NNS 31627 1558 4 of of IN 31627 1558 5 this this DT 31627 1558 6 marginal marginal JJ 31627 1558 7 escarpment escarpment NN 31627 1558 8 rising rise VBG 31627 1558 9 to to IN 31627 1558 10 levels level NNS 31627 1558 11 of of IN 31627 1558 12 1,000 1,000 CD 31627 1558 13 to to TO 31627 1558 14 1,260 1,260 CD 31627 1558 15 feet foot NNS 31627 1558 16 , , , 31627 1558 17 as as IN 31627 1558 18 in in IN 31627 1558 19 the the DT 31627 1558 20 case case NN 31627 1558 21 of of IN 31627 1558 22 Benevenagh Benevenagh NNP 31627 1558 23 in in IN 31627 1558 24 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1558 25 Derry Derry NNP 31627 1558 26 , , , 31627 1558 27 and and CC 31627 1558 28 1,825 1,825 CD 31627 1558 29 feet foot NNS 31627 1558 30 at at IN 31627 1558 31 Mullaghmore Mullaghmore NNP 31627 1558 32 , , , 31627 1558 33 attest attest VBP 31627 1558 34 an an DT 31627 1558 35 originally originally RB 31627 1558 36 greatly greatly RB 31627 1558 37 more more RBR 31627 1558 38 extended extended JJ 31627 1558 39 range range NN 31627 1558 40 of of IN 31627 1558 41 the the DT 31627 1558 42 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1558 43 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1558 44 ; ; : 31627 1558 45 and and CC 31627 1558 46 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1558 47 is be VBZ 31627 1558 48 not not RB 31627 1558 49 improbable improbable JJ 31627 1558 50 that that IN 31627 1558 51 at at IN 31627 1558 52 the the DT 31627 1558 53 close close NN 31627 1558 54 of of IN 31627 1558 55 the the DT 31627 1558 56 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1558 57 epoch epoch NN 31627 1558 58 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1558 59 extended extend VBD 31627 1558 60 right right RB 31627 1558 61 across across IN 31627 1558 62 the the DT 31627 1558 63 present present JJ 31627 1558 64 estuary estuary NN 31627 1558 65 of of IN 31627 1558 66 Lough Lough NNP 31627 1558 67 Foyle Foyle NNP 31627 1558 68 to to IN 31627 1558 69 the the DT 31627 1558 70 flanks flank NNS 31627 1558 71 of of IN 31627 1558 72 the the DT 31627 1558 73 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1558 74 of of IN 31627 1558 75 Inishowen Inishowen NNP 31627 1558 76 in in IN 31627 1558 77 Donegal Donegal NNP 31627 1558 78 in in IN 31627 1558 79 one one CD 31627 1558 80 direction direction NN 31627 1558 81 , , , 31627 1558 82 and and CC 31627 1558 83 to to IN 31627 1558 84 those those DT 31627 1558 85 of of IN 31627 1558 86 Slieve Slieve NNP 31627 1558 87 Croob Croob NNP 31627 1558 88 in in IN 31627 1558 89 the the DT 31627 1558 90 other other JJ 31627 1558 91 . . . 31627 1559 1 In in IN 31627 1559 2 the the DT 31627 1559 3 direction direction NN 31627 1559 4 of of IN 31627 1559 5 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1559 6 the the DT 31627 1559 7 promontories promontory NNS 31627 1559 8 of of IN 31627 1559 9 Kintyre Kintyre NNP 31627 1559 10 and and CC 31627 1559 11 Islay Islay NNP 31627 1559 12 doubtless doubtless RB 31627 1559 13 formed form VBD 31627 1559 14 a a DT 31627 1559 15 part part NN 31627 1559 16 of of IN 31627 1559 17 the the DT 31627 1559 18 original original JJ 31627 1559 19 margin margin NN 31627 1559 20 . . . 31627 1560 1 Throughout throughout IN 31627 1560 2 this this DT 31627 1560 3 vast vast JJ 31627 1560 4 area area NN 31627 1560 5 the the DT 31627 1560 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1560 7 lavas lavas NN 31627 1560 8 rest rest VBP 31627 1560 9 on on IN 31627 1560 10 an an DT 31627 1560 11 exceedingly exceedingly RB 31627 1560 12 varied varied JJ 31627 1560 13 rocky rocky JJ 31627 1560 14 floor floor NN 31627 1560 15 , , , 31627 1560 16 both both CC 31627 1560 17 as as IN 31627 1560 18 regards regard VBZ 31627 1560 19 composition composition NN 31627 1560 20 and and CC 31627 1560 21 geological geological NN 31627 1560 22 age age NN 31627 1560 23 . . . 31627 1561 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1561 2 See see VB 31627 1561 3 Fig fig NN 31627 1561 4 . . . 31627 1562 1 28 28 CD 31627 1562 2 . . . 31627 1562 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1563 1 Throughout throughout IN 31627 1563 2 the the DT 31627 1563 3 central central JJ 31627 1563 4 , , , 31627 1563 5 southern southern JJ 31627 1563 6 , , , 31627 1563 7 eastern eastern JJ 31627 1563 8 , , , 31627 1563 9 and and CC 31627 1563 10 northern northern JJ 31627 1563 11 parts part NNS 31627 1563 12 of of IN 31627 1563 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1563 14 extent extent NN 31627 1563 15 , , , 31627 1563 16 the the DT 31627 1563 17 Chalk chalk JJ 31627 1563 18 formation formation NN 31627 1563 19 may may MD 31627 1563 20 be be VB 31627 1563 21 considered consider VBN 31627 1563 22 to to TO 31627 1563 23 form form VB 31627 1563 24 this this DT 31627 1563 25 floor floor NN 31627 1563 26 ; ; : 31627 1563 27 but but CC 31627 1563 28 in in IN 31627 1563 29 the the DT 31627 1563 30 direction direction NN 31627 1563 31 of of IN 31627 1563 32 Armagh Armagh NNP 31627 1563 33 and and CC 31627 1563 34 Tyrone Tyrone NNP 31627 1563 35 , , , 31627 1563 36 towards towards IN 31627 1563 37 the the DT 31627 1563 38 southwestern southwestern JJ 31627 1563 39 margin margin NN 31627 1563 40 , , , 31627 1563 41 the the DT 31627 1563 42 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1563 43 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1563 44 are be VBP 31627 1563 45 found find VBN 31627 1563 46 resting rest VBG 31627 1563 47 indiscriminately indiscriminately RB 31627 1563 48 on on IN 31627 1563 49 Silurian silurian JJ 31627 1563 50 , , , 31627 1563 51 Carboniferous Carboniferous NNP 31627 1563 52 , , , 31627 1563 53 and and CC 31627 1563 54 Triassic triassic JJ 31627 1563 55 strata strata NN 31627 1563 56 . . . 31627 1564 1 The the DT 31627 1564 2 general general JJ 31627 1564 3 relations relation NNS 31627 1564 4 of of IN 31627 1564 5 the the DT 31627 1564 6 plateau plateau NN 31627 1564 7 - - HYPH 31627 1564 8 basalts basalt NNS 31627 1564 9 to to IN 31627 1564 10 the the DT 31627 1564 11 underlying underlie VBG 31627 1564 12 formations formation NNS 31627 1564 13 show show VBP 31627 1564 14 , , , 31627 1564 15 that that IN 31627 1564 16 at at IN 31627 1564 17 the the DT 31627 1564 18 close close NN 31627 1564 19 of of IN 31627 1564 20 the the DT 31627 1564 21 Cretaceous cretaceous JJ 31627 1564 22 period period NN 31627 1564 23 there there EX 31627 1564 24 had have VBD 31627 1564 25 been be VBN 31627 1564 26 considerable considerable JJ 31627 1564 27 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 1564 28 disturbances disturbance NNS 31627 1564 29 and and CC 31627 1564 30 great great JJ 31627 1564 31 subaërial subaërial JJ 31627 1564 32 denudation denudation NN 31627 1564 33 , , , 31627 1564 34 resulting result VBG 31627 1564 35 in in IN 31627 1564 36 some some DT 31627 1564 37 cases case NNS 31627 1564 38 in in IN 31627 1564 39 the the DT 31627 1564 40 complete complete JJ 31627 1564 41 destruction destruction NN 31627 1564 42 of of IN 31627 1564 43 the the DT 31627 1564 44 whole whole NN 31627 1564 45 of of IN 31627 1564 46 the the DT 31627 1564 47 Cretaceous cretaceous JJ 31627 1564 48 strata strata NN 31627 1564 49 , , , 31627 1564 50 before before IN 31627 1564 51 the the DT 31627 1564 52 lava lava NN 31627 1564 53 floods flood NNS 31627 1564 54 were be VBD 31627 1564 55 poured pour VBN 31627 1564 56 out out RP 31627 1564 57 ; ; : 31627 1564 58 owing owe VBG 31627 1564 59 to to IN 31627 1564 60 which which WDT 31627 1564 61 , , , 31627 1564 62 these these DT 31627 1564 63 latter latter JJ 31627 1564 64 are be VBP 31627 1564 65 found find VBN 31627 1564 66 resting rest VBG 31627 1564 67 on on IN 31627 1564 68 formations formation NNS 31627 1564 69 of of IN 31627 1564 70 older old JJR 31627 1564 71 date date NN 31627 1564 72 than than IN 31627 1564 73 the the DT 31627 1564 74 Cretaceous Cretaceous NNP 31627 1564 75 . . . 31627 1565 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1565 2 3 3 CD 31627 1565 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1565 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1565 5 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1565 6 : : : 31627 1565 7 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1565 8 . . . 31627 1566 1 28.--Section 28.--section CD 31627 1566 2 across across IN 31627 1566 3 the the DT 31627 1566 4 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1566 5 plateau plateau NN 31627 1566 6 of of IN 31627 1566 7 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1566 8 , , , 31627 1566 9 from from IN 31627 1566 10 the the DT 31627 1566 11 Highlands Highlands NNPS 31627 1566 12 of of IN 31627 1566 13 Inishowen Inishowen NNP 31627 1566 14 , , , 31627 1566 15 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1566 16 Donegal Donegal NNP 31627 1566 17 , , , 31627 1566 18 on on IN 31627 1566 19 the the DT 31627 1566 20 N.W. N.W. NNP 31627 1566 21 , , , 31627 1566 22 to to IN 31627 1566 23 Belfast Belfast NNP 31627 1566 24 Lough Lough NNP 31627 1566 25 on on IN 31627 1566 26 the the DT 31627 1566 27 S.E. S.E. NNP 31627 1566 28 , , , 31627 1566 29 to to TO 31627 1566 30 show show VB 31627 1566 31 the the DT 31627 1566 32 relations relation NNS 31627 1566 33 of of IN 31627 1566 34 the the DT 31627 1566 35 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1566 36 rocks rock NNS 31627 1566 37 to to IN 31627 1566 38 the the DT 31627 1566 39 older old JJR 31627 1566 40 formations.--B. formations.--B. NNS 31627 1567 1 Basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1567 2 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1567 3 breaking break VBG 31627 1567 4 off off RP 31627 1567 5 in in IN 31627 1567 6 high high JJ 31627 1567 7 escarpments escarpment NNS 31627 1567 8 ; ; : 31627 1567 9 T. T. NNP 31627 1567 10 Trachyte Trachyte NNP 31627 1567 11 porphyry porphyry NN 31627 1567 12 of of IN 31627 1567 13 Tardree tardree JJ 31627 1567 14 mountain mountain NN 31627 1567 15 rising rise VBG 31627 1567 16 from from IN 31627 1567 17 below below IN 31627 1567 18 the the DT 31627 1567 19 newer new JJR 31627 1567 20 plateau plateau NN 31627 1567 21 - - HYPH 31627 1567 22 basalts basalt NNS 31627 1567 23 ; ; : 31627 1567 24 C. C. NNP 31627 1567 25 Upper Upper NNP 31627 1567 26 Chalk Chalk NNP 31627 1567 27 with with IN 31627 1567 28 flints flint NNS 31627 1567 29 ; ; : 31627 1567 30 N.R. N.R. NNP 31627 1568 1 New new JJ 31627 1568 2 Red Red NNP 31627 1568 3 marl marl NN 31627 1568 4 and and CC 31627 1568 5 sandstone sandstone NN 31627 1568 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1568 7 Trias Trias NNP 31627 1568 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1568 9 ; ; : 31627 1568 10 M. M. NNP 31627 1568 11 Metamorphic Metamorphic NNP 31627 1568 12 beds bed NNS 31627 1568 13 of of IN 31627 1568 14 quartzite quartzite JJ 31627 1568 15 , , , 31627 1568 16 various various JJ 31627 1568 17 schists schist NNS 31627 1568 18 and and CC 31627 1568 19 crystalline crystalline NN 31627 1568 20 limestone limestone NN 31627 1568 21 ; ; : 31627 1568 22 F. F. NNP 31627 1568 23 Large large JJ 31627 1568 24 fault fault NN 31627 1568 25 . . . 31627 1568 26 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1569 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1569 2 1 1 CD 31627 1569 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1569 4 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1569 5 J. J. NNP 31627 1569 6 Starkie Starkie NNP 31627 1569 7 Gardner Gardner NNP 31627 1569 8 , , , 31627 1569 9 from from IN 31627 1569 10 a a DT 31627 1569 11 recent recent JJ 31627 1569 12 comparison comparison NN 31627 1569 13 of of IN 31627 1569 14 the the DT 31627 1569 15 plant plant NN 31627 1569 16 - - HYPH 31627 1569 17 remains remain NNS 31627 1569 18 of of IN 31627 1569 19 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1569 20 and and CC 31627 1569 21 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1569 22 , , , 31627 1569 23 concludes conclude VBZ 31627 1569 24 that that IN 31627 1569 25 " " `` 31627 1569 26 that that IN 31627 1569 27 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1569 28 might may MD 31627 1569 29 belong belong VB 31627 1569 30 to to IN 31627 1569 31 any any DT 31627 1569 32 age age NN 31627 1569 33 between between IN 31627 1569 34 the the DT 31627 1569 35 beginning beginning NN 31627 1569 36 and and CC 31627 1569 37 the the DT 31627 1569 38 end end NN 31627 1569 39 of of IN 31627 1569 40 the the DT 31627 1569 41 warmer warm JJR 31627 1569 42 Eocene Eocene NNP 31627 1569 43 period period NN 31627 1569 44 ; ; : 31627 1569 45 and and CC 31627 1569 46 that that IN 31627 1569 47 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1569 48 can can MD 31627 1569 49 not not RB 31627 1569 50 be be VB 31627 1569 51 of of IN 31627 1569 52 earlier early JJR 31627 1569 53 , , , 31627 1569 54 and and CC 31627 1569 55 are be VBP 31627 1569 56 unlikely unlikely JJ 31627 1569 57 to to TO 31627 1569 58 be be VB 31627 1569 59 of of IN 31627 1569 60 later later RB 31627 1569 61 , , , 31627 1569 62 date date NN 31627 1569 63 . . . 31627 1569 64 "--_Trans "--_Trans '' 31627 1569 65 . . . 31627 1570 1 Palæont Palæont NNP 31627 1570 2 . . . 31627 1571 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1571 2 . . . 31627 1571 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1571 4 , , , 31627 1571 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1571 6 . . . 31627 1572 1 xxxvii xxxvii NNP 31627 1572 2 . . . 31627 1573 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1573 2 1883 1883 CD 31627 1573 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1573 4 . . . 31627 1574 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1574 2 2 2 CD 31627 1574 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1574 4 Having have VBG 31627 1574 5 dealt deal VBN 31627 1574 6 with with IN 31627 1574 7 this this DT 31627 1574 8 district district NN 31627 1574 9 rather rather RB 31627 1574 10 fully fully RB 31627 1574 11 in in IN 31627 1574 12 _ _ NNP 31627 1574 13 The the DT 31627 1574 14 Physical Physical NNP 31627 1574 15 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1574 16 and and CC 31627 1574 17 Geography Geography NNP 31627 1574 18 of of IN 31627 1574 19 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1574 20 _ _ NNP 31627 1574 21 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1574 22 Edit Edit NNP 31627 1574 23 . . . 31627 1575 1 1891 1891 CD 31627 1575 2 , , , 31627 1575 3 p. p. NN 31627 1575 4 81 81 CD 31627 1575 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1575 6 , , , 31627 1575 7 and and CC 31627 1575 8 also also RB 31627 1575 9 in in IN 31627 1575 10 my -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1575 11 Presidential Presidential NNP 31627 1575 12 Address Address NNP 31627 1575 13 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1575 14 Section Section NNP 31627 1575 15 C. C. NNP 31627 1575 16 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1575 17 at at IN 31627 1575 18 the the DT 31627 1575 19 meeting meeting NN 31627 1575 20 of of IN 31627 1575 21 the the DT 31627 1575 22 British British NNP 31627 1575 23 Association Association NNP 31627 1575 24 , , , 31627 1575 25 1874 1874 CD 31627 1575 26 , , , 31627 1575 27 a a DT 31627 1575 28 brief brief JJ 31627 1575 29 review review NN 31627 1575 30 of of IN 31627 1575 31 the the DT 31627 1575 32 subject subject NN 31627 1575 33 will will MD 31627 1575 34 be be VB 31627 1575 35 sufficient sufficient JJ 31627 1575 36 here here RB 31627 1575 37 , , , 31627 1575 38 the the DT 31627 1575 39 reader reader NN 31627 1575 40 being be VBG 31627 1575 41 referred refer VBN 31627 1575 42 to to IN 31627 1575 43 the the DT 31627 1575 44 former former JJ 31627 1575 45 treatises treatise NNS 31627 1575 46 for for IN 31627 1575 47 fuller full JJR 31627 1575 48 details detail NNS 31627 1575 49 . . . 31627 1576 1 The the DT 31627 1576 2 following follow VBG 31627 1576 3 should should MD 31627 1576 4 also also RB 31627 1576 5 be be VB 31627 1576 6 consulted consult VBN 31627 1576 7 : : : 31627 1576 8 Gen. Gen. NNP 31627 1576 9 Portlock Portlock NNP 31627 1576 10 , , , 31627 1576 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1576 12 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1576 13 of of IN 31627 1576 14 Londonderry Londonderry NNP 31627 1576 15 and and CC 31627 1576 16 Tyrone Tyrone NNP 31627 1576 17 _ _ NNP 31627 1576 18 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1576 19 1843 1843 CD 31627 1576 20 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1576 21 ; ; : 31627 1576 22 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1576 23 A. A. NNP 31627 1576 24 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1576 25 , , , 31627 1576 26 " " `` 31627 1576 27 History history NN 31627 1576 28 of of IN 31627 1576 29 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1576 30 Action Action NNP 31627 1576 31 during during IN 31627 1576 32 the the DT 31627 1576 33 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1576 34 Period Period NNP 31627 1576 35 in in IN 31627 1576 36 the the DT 31627 1576 37 British british JJ 31627 1576 38 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1576 39 , , , 31627 1576 40 " " `` 31627 1576 41 _ _ NNP 31627 1576 42 Trans Trans NNP 31627 1576 43 . . . 31627 1577 1 Roy Roy NNP 31627 1577 2 . . . 31627 1578 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1578 2 . . . 31627 1579 1 Edinburgh Edinburgh NNP 31627 1579 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1579 3 , , , 31627 1579 4 1888 1888 CD 31627 1579 5 ; ; : 31627 1579 6 and and CC 31627 1579 7 the the DT 31627 1579 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1579 9 Descriptive Descriptive NNP 31627 1579 10 Memoirs Memoirs NNP 31627 1579 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1579 12 of of IN 31627 1579 13 the the DT 31627 1579 14 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1579 15 Survey Survey NNP 31627 1579 16 relating relate VBG 31627 1579 17 to to IN 31627 1579 18 this this DT 31627 1579 19 tract tract NN 31627 1579 20 of of IN 31627 1579 21 country country NN 31627 1579 22 . . . 31627 1580 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1580 2 3 3 LS 31627 1580 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1580 4 Owing owe VBG 31627 1580 5 to to IN 31627 1580 6 the the DT 31627 1580 7 superposition superposition NN 31627 1580 8 of of IN 31627 1580 9 the the DT 31627 1580 10 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1580 11 masses masse NNS 31627 1580 12 on on IN 31627 1580 13 beds bed NNS 31627 1580 14 of of IN 31627 1580 15 chalk chalk NN 31627 1580 16 throughout throughout IN 31627 1580 17 a a DT 31627 1580 18 long long JJ 31627 1580 19 line line NN 31627 1580 20 of of IN 31627 1580 21 coast coast NN 31627 1580 22 , , , 31627 1580 23 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1580 24 are be VBP 31627 1580 25 presented present VBN 31627 1580 26 with with IN 31627 1580 27 the the DT 31627 1580 28 curious curious JJ 31627 1580 29 spectacle spectacle NN 31627 1580 30 of of IN 31627 1580 31 the the DT 31627 1580 32 whitest white JJS 31627 1580 33 rocks rock NNS 31627 1580 34 in in IN 31627 1580 35 nature nature NN 31627 1580 36 overlain overlain NN 31627 1580 37 by by IN 31627 1580 38 the the DT 31627 1580 39 blackest black JJS 31627 1580 40 , , , 31627 1580 41 as as IN 31627 1580 42 may may MD 31627 1580 43 be be VB 31627 1580 44 seen see VBN 31627 1580 45 in in IN 31627 1580 46 the the DT 31627 1580 47 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1580 48 at at IN 31627 1580 49 Larne Larne NNP 31627 1580 50 , , , 31627 1580 51 Glenarm Glenarm NNP 31627 1580 52 , , , 31627 1580 53 Kinbane Kinbane NNP 31627 1580 54 and and CC 31627 1580 55 Portrush Portrush NNP 31627 1580 56 . . . 31627 1581 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1581 2 See see VB 31627 1581 3 Fig fig NN 31627 1581 4 . . . 31627 1582 1 27 27 CD 31627 1582 2 . . . 31627 1582 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1583 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1583 2 II II NNP 31627 1583 3 . . . 31627 1584 1 SUCCESSION succession NN 31627 1584 2 OF of IN 31627 1584 3 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 1584 4 ERUPTIONS ERUPTIONS NNP 31627 1584 5 . . . 31627 1585 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1585 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1585 3 c. c. NNP 31627 1585 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1585 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1585 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1585 7 First First NNP 31627 1585 8 Stage._--The stage._--the CD 31627 1585 9 earliest early JJS 31627 1585 10 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1585 11 of of IN 31627 1585 12 lava lava NN 31627 1585 13 in in IN 31627 1585 14 the the DT 31627 1585 15 North North NNP 31627 1585 16 - - HYPH 31627 1585 17 east east NN 31627 1585 18 of of IN 31627 1585 19 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1585 20 belonged belong VBD 31627 1585 21 to to IN 31627 1585 22 the the DT 31627 1585 23 highly highly RB 31627 1585 24 acid acid JJ 31627 1585 25 varieties variety NNS 31627 1585 26 , , , 31627 1585 27 consisting consist VBG 31627 1585 28 of of IN 31627 1585 29 quartz quartz NN 31627 1585 30 - - HYPH 31627 1585 31 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1585 32 with with IN 31627 1585 33 tridymite tridymite NN 31627 1585 34 . . . 31627 1586 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1586 2 1 1 LS 31627 1586 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1586 4 This this DT 31627 1586 5 rock rock NN 31627 1586 6 rises rise VBZ 31627 1586 7 to to IN 31627 1586 8 the the DT 31627 1586 9 surface surface NN 31627 1586 10 at at IN 31627 1586 11 Tardree Tardree NNP 31627 1586 12 and and CC 31627 1586 13 Brown Brown NNP 31627 1586 14 Dod Dod NNP 31627 1586 15 hills hill NNS 31627 1586 16 and and CC 31627 1586 17 Templepatrick Templepatrick NNP 31627 1586 18 . . . 31627 1587 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1587 2 consists consist VBZ 31627 1587 3 of of IN 31627 1587 4 a a DT 31627 1587 5 light light JJ 31627 1587 6 - - HYPH 31627 1587 7 greyish greyish NN 31627 1587 8 felsitic felsitic JJ 31627 1587 9 paste paste NN 31627 1587 10 enclosing enclose VBG 31627 1587 11 grains grain NNS 31627 1587 12 of of IN 31627 1587 13 smoke smoke NN 31627 1587 14 - - HYPH 31627 1587 15 quartz quartz NN 31627 1587 16 , , , 31627 1587 17 crystals crystal NNS 31627 1587 18 of of IN 31627 1587 19 sanidine sanidine CD 31627 1587 20 , , , 31627 1587 21 plagioclase plagioclase NNP 31627 1587 22 and and CC 31627 1587 23 biotite biotite NNP 31627 1587 24 , , , 31627 1587 25 with with IN 31627 1587 26 a a DT 31627 1587 27 little little JJ 31627 1587 28 magnetite magnetite JJ 31627 1587 29 and and CC 31627 1587 30 apatite apatite NN 31627 1587 31 . . . 31627 1588 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1588 2 is be VBZ 31627 1588 3 a a DT 31627 1588 4 rock rock NN 31627 1588 5 of of IN 31627 1588 6 peculiar peculiar JJ 31627 1588 7 interest interest NN 31627 1588 8 from from IN 31627 1588 9 the the DT 31627 1588 10 fact fact NN 31627 1588 11 that that IN 31627 1588 12 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1588 13 is be VBZ 31627 1588 14 almost almost RB 31627 1588 15 unique unique JJ 31627 1588 16 in in IN 31627 1588 17 the the DT 31627 1588 18 British British NNP 31627 1588 19 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 1588 20 , , , 31627 1588 21 and and CC 31627 1588 22 has have VBZ 31627 1588 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1588 24 petrological petrological JJ 31627 1588 25 counterpart counterpart NN 31627 1588 26 rather rather RB 31627 1588 27 amongst amongst IN 31627 1588 28 the the DT 31627 1588 29 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1588 30 hills hill NNS 31627 1588 31 of of IN 31627 1588 32 the the DT 31627 1588 33 Siebengebirge Siebengebirge NNP 31627 1588 34 than than IN 31627 1588 35 elsewhere elsewhere RB 31627 1588 36 . . . 31627 1589 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1589 2 is be VBZ 31627 1589 3 generally generally RB 31627 1589 4 consolidated consolidate VBN 31627 1589 5 with with IN 31627 1589 6 the the DT 31627 1589 7 columnar columnar JJ 31627 1589 8 structure structure NN 31627 1589 9 . . . 31627 1590 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1590 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1590 3 : : : 31627 1590 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1590 5 . . . 31627 1591 1 29.--Part 29.--part CD 31627 1591 2 of of IN 31627 1591 3 the the DT 31627 1591 4 section section NN 31627 1591 5 shown show VBN 31627 1591 6 in in IN 31627 1591 7 the the DT 31627 1591 8 quarry quarry NN 31627 1591 9 at at IN 31627 1591 10 Templepatrick Templepatrick NNP 31627 1591 11 , , , 31627 1591 12 showing show VBG 31627 1591 13 the the DT 31627 1591 14 superposition superposition NN 31627 1591 15 of of IN 31627 1591 16 the the DT 31627 1591 17 basalt basalt NN 31627 1591 18 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1591 19 _ _ NNP 31627 1591 20 d d NNP 31627 1591 21 _ _ NNP 31627 1591 22 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1591 23 to to IN 31627 1591 24 the the DT 31627 1591 25 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1591 26 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1591 27 _ _ NNP 31627 1591 28 b b NNP 31627 1591 29 _ _ NNP 31627 1591 30 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1591 31 , , , 31627 1591 32 with with IN 31627 1591 33 the the DT 31627 1591 34 intervening intervene VBG 31627 1591 35 bed bed NN 31627 1591 36 of of IN 31627 1591 37 flint flint JJ 31627 1591 38 gravel gravel NN 31627 1591 39 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1591 40 _ _ NNP 31627 1591 41 c c NNP 31627 1591 42 _ _ NNP 31627 1591 43 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1591 44 . . . 31627 1592 1 All all PDT 31627 1592 2 these these DT 31627 1592 3 rocks rock NNS 31627 1592 4 are be VBP 31627 1592 5 seen see VBN 31627 1592 6 to to TO 31627 1592 7 rest rest VB 31627 1592 8 upon upon IN 31627 1592 9 an an DT 31627 1592 10 eroded erode VBN 31627 1592 11 surface surface NN 31627 1592 12 of of IN 31627 1592 13 the the DT 31627 1592 14 Chalk chalk JJ 31627 1592 15 formation formation NN 31627 1592 16 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1592 17 _ _ NNP 31627 1592 18 a a DT 31627 1592 19 _ _ NNP 31627 1592 20 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1592 21 . . . 31627 1592 22 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1593 1 The the DT 31627 1593 2 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1593 3 appears appear VBZ 31627 1593 4 to to TO 31627 1593 5 have have VB 31627 1593 6 been be VBN 31627 1593 7 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1593 8 from from IN 31627 1593 9 one one CD 31627 1593 10 or or CC 31627 1593 11 more more JJR 31627 1593 12 vents vent NNS 31627 1593 13 in in IN 31627 1593 14 a a DT 31627 1593 15 viscous viscous JJ 31627 1593 16 condition condition NN 31627 1593 17 , , , 31627 1593 18 the the DT 31627 1593 19 principal principal JJ 31627 1593 20 vent vent NN 31627 1593 21 being being NN 31627 1593 22 probably probably RB 31627 1593 23 situated situate VBN 31627 1593 24 under under IN 31627 1593 25 Tardree tardree JJ 31627 1593 26 mountain mountain NN 31627 1593 27 , , , 31627 1593 28 where where WRB 31627 1593 29 the the DT 31627 1593 30 rock rock NN 31627 1593 31 occurs occur VBZ 31627 1593 32 in in IN 31627 1593 33 greatest great JJS 31627 1593 34 mass mass NN 31627 1593 35 , , , 31627 1593 36 and and CC 31627 1593 37 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1593 38 probably probably RB 31627 1593 39 arose arise VBD 31627 1593 40 as as IN 31627 1593 41 a a DT 31627 1593 42 dome dome NN 31627 1593 43 - - HYPH 31627 1593 44 shaped shape VBN 31627 1593 45 mass mass NN 31627 1593 46 , , , 31627 1593 47 with with IN 31627 1593 48 a a DT 31627 1593 49 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 1593 50 extended extended JJ 31627 1593 51 margin margin NN 31627 1593 52 , , , 31627 1593 53 above above IN 31627 1593 54 the the DT 31627 1593 55 floor floor NN 31627 1593 56 of of IN 31627 1593 57 Chalk Chalk NNP 31627 1593 58 which which WDT 31627 1593 59 formed form VBD 31627 1593 60 the the DT 31627 1593 61 surface surface NN 31627 1593 62 of of IN 31627 1593 63 the the DT 31627 1593 64 ground ground NN 31627 1593 65 . . . 31627 1594 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1594 2 2 2 CD 31627 1594 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1594 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1594 5 Fig fig NN 31627 1594 6 . . . 31627 1595 1 27 27 CD 31627 1595 2 . . . 31627 1595 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1596 1 At at IN 31627 1596 2 Templepatrick Templepatrick NNP 31627 1596 3 the the DT 31627 1596 4 columnar columnar NN 31627 1596 5 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1596 6 may may MD 31627 1596 7 be be VB 31627 1596 8 observed observe VBN 31627 1596 9 resting rest VBG 31627 1596 10 on on IN 31627 1596 11 the the DT 31627 1596 12 Chalk Chalk NNP 31627 1596 13 , , , 31627 1596 14 or or CC 31627 1596 15 upon upon IN 31627 1596 16 a a DT 31627 1596 17 layer layer NN 31627 1596 18 of of IN 31627 1596 19 flint flint JJ 31627 1596 20 gravel gravel NN 31627 1596 21 interposed interpose VBN 31627 1596 22 between between IN 31627 1596 23 the the DT 31627 1596 24 two two CD 31627 1596 25 rocks rock NNS 31627 1596 26 , , , 31627 1596 27 and and CC 31627 1596 28 which which WDT 31627 1596 29 has have VBZ 31627 1596 30 been be VBN 31627 1596 31 thrust thrust VBN 31627 1596 32 out out IN 31627 1596 33 of of IN 31627 1596 34 position position NN 31627 1596 35 by by IN 31627 1596 36 a a DT 31627 1596 37 later later JJ 31627 1596 38 intrusion intrusion NN 31627 1596 39 of of IN 31627 1596 40 basalt basalt NN 31627 1596 41 coming come VBG 31627 1596 42 in in RB 31627 1596 43 from from IN 31627 1596 44 the the DT 31627 1596 45 side side NN 31627 1596 46 . . . 31627 1597 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1597 2 3 3 LS 31627 1597 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1597 4 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1597 5 is be VBZ 31627 1597 6 to to TO 31627 1597 7 be be VB 31627 1597 8 observed observe VBN 31627 1597 9 , , , 31627 1597 10 however however RB 31627 1597 11 , , , 31627 1597 12 that that IN 31627 1597 13 the the DT 31627 1597 14 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1597 15 lavas lavas NNP 31627 1597 16 nowhere nowhere RB 31627 1597 17 appear appear VBP 31627 1597 18 cropping crop VBG 31627 1597 19 out out RP 31627 1597 20 along along IN 31627 1597 21 with with IN 31627 1597 22 the the DT 31627 1597 23 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1597 24 of of IN 31627 1597 25 basalt basalt NN 31627 1597 26 around around IN 31627 1597 27 the the DT 31627 1597 28 escarpments escarpment NNS 31627 1597 29 overlooking overlook VBG 31627 1597 30 the the DT 31627 1597 31 sea sea NN 31627 1597 32 , , , 31627 1597 33 or or CC 31627 1597 34 inland inland RB 31627 1597 35 ; ; : 31627 1597 36 showing show VBG 31627 1597 37 that that IN 31627 1597 38 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1597 39 did do VBD 31627 1597 40 not not RB 31627 1597 41 spread spread VB 31627 1597 42 very very RB 31627 1597 43 far far RB 31627 1597 44 from from IN 31627 1597 45 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1597 46 vents vent NNS 31627 1597 47 of of IN 31627 1597 48 eruption eruption NN 31627 1597 49 ; ; , 31627 1597 50 a a DT 31627 1597 51 fact fact NN 31627 1597 52 illustrating illustrate VBG 31627 1597 53 the the DT 31627 1597 54 lower low JJR 31627 1597 55 viscosity viscosity NN 31627 1597 56 , , , 31627 1597 57 or or CC 31627 1597 58 fluidity fluidity NN 31627 1597 59 , , , 31627 1597 60 of of IN 31627 1597 61 the the DT 31627 1597 62 acid acid JJ 31627 1597 63 lavas lavas NN 31627 1597 64 as as IN 31627 1597 65 compared compare VBN 31627 1597 66 with with IN 31627 1597 67 those those DT 31627 1597 68 of of IN 31627 1597 69 the the DT 31627 1597 70 basic basic JJ 31627 1597 71 type type NN 31627 1597 72 . . . 31627 1598 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1598 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1598 3 d. d. NNP 31627 1598 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1598 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1598 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1598 7 Second Second NNP 31627 1598 8 Stage._--After Stage._--After NNP 31627 1598 9 an an DT 31627 1598 10 interval interval NN 31627 1598 11 , , , 31627 1598 12 probably probably RB 31627 1598 13 of of IN 31627 1598 14 long long JJ 31627 1598 15 duration duration NN 31627 1598 16 , , , 31627 1598 17 a a DT 31627 1598 18 second second JJ 31627 1598 19 eruption eruption NN 31627 1598 20 of of IN 31627 1598 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1598 22 matter matter NN 31627 1598 23 took take VBD 31627 1598 24 place place NN 31627 1598 25 over over IN 31627 1598 26 the the DT 31627 1598 27 entire entire JJ 31627 1598 28 area area NN 31627 1598 29 ; ; : 31627 1598 30 but but CC 31627 1598 31 now now RB 31627 1598 32 the the DT 31627 1598 33 acid acid JJ 31627 1598 34 lavas lavas NN 31627 1598 35 of of IN 31627 1598 36 the the DT 31627 1598 37 first first JJ 31627 1598 38 stage stage NN 31627 1598 39 are be VBP 31627 1598 40 replaced replace VBN 31627 1598 41 by by IN 31627 1598 42 basic basic JJ 31627 1598 43 lavas lava NNS 31627 1598 44 . . . 31627 1599 1 Now now RB 31627 1599 2 , , , 31627 1599 3 for for IN 31627 1599 4 the the DT 31627 1599 5 first first JJ 31627 1599 6 time time NN 31627 1599 7 , , , 31627 1599 8 vast vast JJ 31627 1599 9 masses masse NNS 31627 1599 10 of of IN 31627 1599 11 basalt basalt NN 31627 1599 12 and and CC 31627 1599 13 dolerite dolerite NNP 31627 1599 14 are be VBP 31627 1599 15 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1599 16 both both CC 31627 1599 17 from from IN 31627 1599 18 vents vent NNS 31627 1599 19 of of IN 31627 1599 20 eruption eruption NN 31627 1599 21 and and CC 31627 1599 22 fissures fissure NNS 31627 1599 23 ; ; , 31627 1599 24 and and CC 31627 1599 25 , , , 31627 1599 26 owing owe VBG 31627 1599 27 to to IN 31627 1599 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1599 29 extreme extreme JJ 31627 1599 30 viscosity viscosity NN 31627 1599 31 , , , 31627 1599 32 spread spread VB 31627 1599 33 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 1599 34 far far RB 31627 1599 35 and and CC 31627 1599 36 wide wide RB 31627 1599 37 until until IN 31627 1599 38 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1599 39 reach reach VBP 31627 1599 40 the the DT 31627 1599 41 margin margin NN 31627 1599 42 of of IN 31627 1599 43 some some DT 31627 1599 44 uprising uprising NN 31627 1599 45 ground ground NN 31627 1599 46 of of IN 31627 1599 47 old old JJ 31627 1599 48 Palæozoic Palæozoic NNP 31627 1599 49 or or CC 31627 1599 50 Metamorphic metamorphic JJ 31627 1599 51 rocks rock NNS 31627 1599 52 by by IN 31627 1599 53 which which WDT 31627 1599 54 the the DT 31627 1599 55 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1599 56 plain plain NN 31627 1599 57 is be VBZ 31627 1599 58 almost almost RB 31627 1599 59 surrounded surround VBN 31627 1599 60 . . . 31627 1600 1 The the DT 31627 1600 2 great great JJ 31627 1600 3 lava lava NN 31627 1600 4 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1600 5 thus thus RB 31627 1600 6 produced produce VBN 31627 1600 7 are be VBP 31627 1600 8 generally generally RB 31627 1600 9 more more RBR 31627 1600 10 or or CC 31627 1600 11 less less RBR 31627 1600 12 amorphous amorphous JJ 31627 1600 13 , , , 31627 1600 14 vesicular vesicular JJ 31627 1600 15 and and CC 31627 1600 16 amygdaloidal amygdaloidal NN 31627 1600 17 , , , 31627 1600 18 often often RB 31627 1600 19 exhibiting exhibit VBG 31627 1600 20 the the DT 31627 1600 21 globular globular JJ 31627 1600 22 concentric concentric NN 31627 1600 23 structure structure NN 31627 1600 24 , , , 31627 1600 25 and and CC 31627 1600 26 weathering weather VBG 31627 1600 27 rapidly rapidly RB 31627 1600 28 to to IN 31627 1600 29 a a DT 31627 1600 30 kind kind NN 31627 1600 31 of of IN 31627 1600 32 ferruginous ferruginous JJ 31627 1600 33 sand sand NN 31627 1600 34 or or CC 31627 1600 35 clay clay NN 31627 1600 36 under under IN 31627 1600 37 the the DT 31627 1600 38 influence influence NN 31627 1600 39 of of IN 31627 1600 40 the the DT 31627 1600 41 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 1600 42 . . . 31627 1601 1 Successive successive JJ 31627 1601 2 extrusions extrusion NNS 31627 1601 3 of of IN 31627 1601 4 these these DT 31627 1601 5 lavas lavas NN 31627 1601 6 produce produce VBP 31627 1601 7 successive successive JJ 31627 1601 8 beds bed NNS 31627 1601 9 , , , 31627 1601 10 which which WDT 31627 1601 11 are be VBP 31627 1601 12 piled pile VBN 31627 1601 13 one one CD 31627 1601 14 over over IN 31627 1601 15 the the DT 31627 1601 16 other other JJ 31627 1601 17 in in IN 31627 1601 18 some some DT 31627 1601 19 places place NNS 31627 1601 20 to to IN 31627 1601 21 a a DT 31627 1601 22 depth depth NN 31627 1601 23 of of IN 31627 1601 24 600 600 CD 31627 1601 25 feet foot NNS 31627 1601 26 ; ; : 31627 1601 27 and and CC 31627 1601 28 at at IN 31627 1601 29 the the DT 31627 1601 30 close close NN 31627 1601 31 of of IN 31627 1601 32 the the DT 31627 1601 33 stage stage NN 31627 1601 34 , , , 31627 1601 35 when when WRB 31627 1601 36 the the DT 31627 1601 37 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1601 38 forces force NNS 31627 1601 39 had have VBD 31627 1601 40 for for IN 31627 1601 41 the the DT 31627 1601 42 time time NN 31627 1601 43 exhausted exhaust VBD 31627 1601 44 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 1601 45 , , , 31627 1601 46 the the DT 31627 1601 47 whole whole NN 31627 1601 48 of of IN 31627 1601 49 the the DT 31627 1601 50 North North NNP 31627 1601 51 - - HYPH 31627 1601 52 east east NN 31627 1601 53 of of IN 31627 1601 54 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1601 55 must must MD 31627 1601 56 have have VB 31627 1601 57 presented present VBN 31627 1601 58 an an DT 31627 1601 59 aspect aspect NN 31627 1601 60 not not RB 31627 1601 61 unlike unlike IN 31627 1601 62 that that DT 31627 1601 63 of of IN 31627 1601 64 one one CD 31627 1601 65 of of IN 31627 1601 66 those those DT 31627 1601 67 great great JJ 31627 1601 68 tracts tract NNS 31627 1601 69 of of IN 31627 1601 70 similar similar JJ 31627 1601 71 lava lava NN 31627 1601 72 in in IN 31627 1601 73 the the DT 31627 1601 74 region region NN 31627 1601 75 of of IN 31627 1601 76 Idaho Idaho NNP 31627 1601 77 and and CC 31627 1601 78 the the DT 31627 1601 79 Snake Snake NNP 31627 1601 80 River River NNP 31627 1601 81 in in IN 31627 1601 82 Western Western NNP 31627 1601 83 America America NNP 31627 1601 84 , , , 31627 1601 85 described describe VBN 31627 1601 86 in in IN 31627 1601 87 a a DT 31627 1601 88 previous previous JJ 31627 1601 89 chapter chapter NN 31627 1601 90 . . . 31627 1602 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1602 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1602 3 e. e. NNP 31627 1602 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1602 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1602 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1602 7 Third Third NNP 31627 1602 8 Stage Stage NNP 31627 1602 9 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1602 10 Inter Inter NNP 31627 1602 11 - - JJ 31627 1602 12 volcanic)._--The volcanic)._--the JJ 31627 1602 13 third third JJ 31627 1602 14 stage stage NN 31627 1602 15 may may MD 31627 1602 16 be be VB 31627 1602 17 described describe VBN 31627 1602 18 as as IN 31627 1602 19 inter inter JJ 31627 1602 20 - - JJ 31627 1602 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1602 22 . . . 31627 1603 1 Owing owe VBG 31627 1603 2 to to IN 31627 1603 3 the the DT 31627 1603 4 formation formation NN 31627 1603 5 of of IN 31627 1603 6 a a DT 31627 1603 7 basin basin NN 31627 1603 8 , , , 31627 1603 9 probably probably RB 31627 1603 10 not not RB 31627 1603 11 deep deep JJ 31627 1603 12 , , , 31627 1603 13 and and CC 31627 1603 14 with with IN 31627 1603 15 gently gently RB 31627 1603 16 sloping slope VBG 31627 1603 17 sides side NNS 31627 1603 18 , , , 31627 1603 19 a a DT 31627 1603 20 large large JJ 31627 1603 21 lake lake NN 31627 1603 22 was be VBD 31627 1603 23 formed form VBN 31627 1603 24 over over IN 31627 1603 25 the the DT 31627 1603 26 centre centre NN 31627 1603 27 of of IN 31627 1603 28 the the DT 31627 1603 29 area area NN 31627 1603 30 above above IN 31627 1603 31 described describe VBN 31627 1603 32 . . . 31627 1604 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1604 2 floor floor NN 31627 1604 3 was be VBD 31627 1604 4 basalt basalt JJ 31627 1604 5 , , , 31627 1604 6 and and CC 31627 1604 7 the the DT 31627 1604 8 streams stream NNS 31627 1604 9 from from IN 31627 1604 10 the the DT 31627 1604 11 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1604 12 uplands upland NNS 31627 1604 13 carried carry VBN 31627 1604 14 down down RP 31627 1604 15 leaves leave NNS 31627 1604 16 and and CC 31627 1604 17 stems stem NNS 31627 1604 18 of of IN 31627 1604 19 trees tree NNS 31627 1604 20 , , , 31627 1604 21 strewing strew VBG 31627 1604 22 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1604 23 over over IN 31627 1604 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1604 25 bed bed NN 31627 1604 26 . . . 31627 1605 1 Occasionally occasionally RB 31627 1605 2 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1605 3 of of IN 31627 1605 4 ash ash NN 31627 1605 5 took take VBD 31627 1605 6 place place NN 31627 1605 7 from from IN 31627 1605 8 small small JJ 31627 1605 9 vents vent NNS 31627 1605 10 , , , 31627 1605 11 forming form VBG 31627 1605 12 the the DT 31627 1605 13 ash ash NN 31627 1605 14 - - HYPH 31627 1605 15 beds bed NNS 31627 1605 16 with with IN 31627 1605 17 plants plant NNS 31627 1605 18 found find VBN 31627 1605 19 at at IN 31627 1605 20 Ballypallidy Ballypallidy NNP 31627 1605 21 , , , 31627 1605 22 Glenarm Glenarm NNP 31627 1605 23 , , , 31627 1605 24 and and CC 31627 1605 25 along along IN 31627 1605 26 the the DT 31627 1605 27 coast coast NN 31627 1605 28 as as IN 31627 1605 29 at at IN 31627 1605 30 Carrick Carrick NNP 31627 1605 31 - - HYPH 31627 1605 32 a a DT 31627 1605 33 - - HYPH 31627 1605 34 raide raide NN 31627 1605 35 . . . 31627 1606 1 The the DT 31627 1606 2 streams stream NNS 31627 1606 3 also also RB 31627 1606 4 brought bring VBD 31627 1606 5 down down RP 31627 1606 6 sand sand NN 31627 1606 7 and and CC 31627 1606 8 gravel gravel NN 31627 1606 9 from from IN 31627 1606 10 the the DT 31627 1606 11 uprising uprising NN 31627 1606 12 domes dome NNS 31627 1606 13 of of IN 31627 1606 14 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1606 15 , , , 31627 1606 16 and and CC 31627 1606 17 deposited deposit VBD 31627 1606 18 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1606 19 over over IN 31627 1606 20 the the DT 31627 1606 21 lake lake NN 31627 1606 22 - - HYPH 31627 1606 23 bed bed NN 31627 1606 24 along along IN 31627 1606 25 with with IN 31627 1606 26 the the DT 31627 1606 27 erupted erupt VBN 31627 1606 28 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1606 29 . . . 31627 1607 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1607 2 4 4 LS 31627 1607 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1607 4 The the DT 31627 1607 5 epoch epoch NN 31627 1607 6 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1607 7 are be VBP 31627 1607 8 now now RB 31627 1607 9 referring refer VBG 31627 1607 10 to to IN 31627 1607 11 was be VBD 31627 1607 12 one one CD 31627 1607 13 of of IN 31627 1607 14 economic economic JJ 31627 1607 15 importance importance NN 31627 1607 16 ; ; : 31627 1607 17 as as IN 31627 1607 18 , , , 31627 1607 19 towards towards IN 31627 1607 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1607 21 close close NN 31627 1607 22 , , , 31627 1607 23 there there EX 31627 1607 24 was be VBD 31627 1607 25 an an DT 31627 1607 26 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1607 27 deposition deposition NN 31627 1607 28 of of IN 31627 1607 29 pisolitic pisolitic JJ 31627 1607 30 iron iron NN 31627 1607 31 - - HYPH 31627 1607 32 ore ore NN 31627 1607 33 over over IN 31627 1607 34 the the DT 31627 1607 35 floor floor NN 31627 1607 36 of of IN 31627 1607 37 the the DT 31627 1607 38 lake lake NN 31627 1607 39 , , , 31627 1607 40 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1607 41 to to IN 31627 1607 42 the the DT 31627 1607 43 depth depth NN 31627 1607 44 of of IN 31627 1607 45 two two CD 31627 1607 46 or or CC 31627 1607 47 three three CD 31627 1607 48 feet foot NNS 31627 1607 49 . . . 31627 1608 1 This this DT 31627 1608 2 ore ore NN 31627 1608 3 has have VBZ 31627 1608 4 been be VBN 31627 1608 5 extensively extensively RB 31627 1608 6 worked work VBN 31627 1608 7 in in IN 31627 1608 8 recent recent JJ 31627 1608 9 years year NNS 31627 1608 10 . . . 31627 1609 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1609 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1609 3 : : : 31627 1609 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1609 5 . . . 31627 1610 1 30.--Cliff 30.--cliff CD 31627 1610 2 section section NN 31627 1610 3 above above IN 31627 1610 4 the the DT 31627 1610 5 Giant Giant NNP 31627 1610 6 's 's POS 31627 1610 7 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 1610 8 , , , 31627 1610 9 coast coast NN 31627 1610 10 of of IN 31627 1610 11 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1610 12 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1610 13 , , , 31627 1610 14 showing show VBG 31627 1610 15 successive successive JJ 31627 1610 16 tiers tier NNS 31627 1610 17 of of IN 31627 1610 18 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1610 19 lava lava NN 31627 1610 20 , , , 31627 1610 21 with with IN 31627 1610 22 intervening intervene VBG 31627 1610 23 bands band NNS 31627 1610 24 of of IN 31627 1610 25 bole bole NNP 31627 1610 26 . . . 31627 1610 27 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1611 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1611 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1611 3 f. f. NNP 31627 1611 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1611 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1611 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1611 7 Fourth Fourth NNP 31627 1611 8 Stage Stage NNP 31627 1611 9 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1611 10 Volcanic)._--The volcanic)._--the JJ 31627 1611 11 last last JJ 31627 1611 12 stage stage NN 31627 1611 13 described describe VBN 31627 1611 14 was be VBD 31627 1611 15 brought bring VBN 31627 1611 16 to to IN 31627 1611 17 a a DT 31627 1611 18 termination termination NN 31627 1611 19 by by IN 31627 1611 20 a a DT 31627 1611 21 second second JJ 31627 1611 22 outburst outburst NN 31627 1611 23 of of IN 31627 1611 24 basic basic JJ 31627 1611 25 lavas lavas NN 31627 1611 26 on on IN 31627 1611 27 a a DT 31627 1611 28 scale scale NN 31627 1611 29 probably probably RB 31627 1611 30 even even RB 31627 1611 31 grander grander NN 31627 1611 32 than than IN 31627 1611 33 the the DT 31627 1611 34 preceding preceding NN 31627 1611 35 . . . 31627 1612 1 These these DT 31627 1612 2 lavas lavas NN 31627 1612 3 consisting consist VBG 31627 1612 4 of of IN 31627 1612 5 basalt basalt NN 31627 1612 6 and and CC 31627 1612 7 dolerite dolerite JJ 31627 1612 8 , , , 31627 1612 9 with with IN 31627 1612 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1612 11 varieties variety NNS 31627 1612 12 , , , 31627 1612 13 and and CC 31627 1612 14 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1612 15 from from IN 31627 1612 16 vents vent NNS 31627 1612 17 and and CC 31627 1612 18 fissures fissure NNS 31627 1612 19 , , , 31627 1612 20 spread spread VB 31627 1612 21 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 1612 22 in in IN 31627 1612 23 all all DT 31627 1612 24 directions direction NNS 31627 1612 25 over over IN 31627 1612 26 the the DT 31627 1612 27 pre pre JJ 31627 1612 28 - - JJ 31627 1612 29 existing existing JJ 31627 1612 30 lake lake NN 31627 1612 31 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1612 32 or or CC 31627 1612 33 the the DT 31627 1612 34 older old JJR 31627 1612 35 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1612 36 of of IN 31627 1612 37 augitic augitic JJ 31627 1612 38 lava lava NN 31627 1612 39 , , , 31627 1612 40 and and CC 31627 1612 41 probably probably RB 31627 1612 42 entirely entirely RB 31627 1612 43 buried bury VBD 31627 1612 44 the the DT 31627 1612 45 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1612 46 hills hill NNS 31627 1612 47 . . . 31627 1613 1 These these DT 31627 1613 2 later later JJ 31627 1613 3 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1613 4 solidified solidify VBN 31627 1613 5 into into IN 31627 1613 6 more more JJR 31627 1613 7 solid solid JJ 31627 1613 8 masses masse NNS 31627 1613 9 than than IN 31627 1613 10 those those DT 31627 1613 11 of of IN 31627 1613 12 the the DT 31627 1613 13 second second JJ 31627 1613 14 stage stage NN 31627 1613 15 . . . 31627 1614 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 1614 2 form form VBP 31627 1614 3 successive successive JJ 31627 1614 4 terraces terrace NNS 31627 1614 5 with with IN 31627 1614 6 columnar columnar JJ 31627 1614 7 structure structure NN 31627 1614 8 , , , 31627 1614 9 each each DT 31627 1614 10 terrace terrace NN 31627 1614 11 differing differ VBG 31627 1614 12 from from IN 31627 1614 13 that that DT 31627 1614 14 above above IN 31627 1614 15 and and CC 31627 1614 16 below below IN 31627 1614 17 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1614 18 in in IN 31627 1614 19 the the DT 31627 1614 20 size size NN 31627 1614 21 and and CC 31627 1614 22 length length NN 31627 1614 23 of of IN 31627 1614 24 the the DT 31627 1614 25 columns column NNS 31627 1614 26 , , , 31627 1614 27 and and CC 31627 1614 28 separated separate VBN 31627 1614 29 by by IN 31627 1614 30 thin thin JJ 31627 1614 31 bands band NNS 31627 1614 32 of of IN 31627 1614 33 " " `` 31627 1614 34 bole bole NN 31627 1614 35 " " '' 31627 1614 36 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1614 37 decomposed decompose VBN 31627 1614 38 lava lava NNP 31627 1614 39 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1614 40 , , , 31627 1614 41 often often RB 31627 1614 42 reddish reddish JJ 31627 1614 43 in in IN 31627 1614 44 colour colour NN 31627 1614 45 , , , 31627 1614 46 clearly clearly RB 31627 1614 47 defining define VBG 31627 1614 48 the the DT 31627 1614 49 limits limit NNS 31627 1614 50 of of IN 31627 1614 51 the the DT 31627 1614 52 successive successive JJ 31627 1614 53 lava lava NN 31627 1614 54 - - HYPH 31627 1614 55 flows flow NNS 31627 1614 56 . . . 31627 1615 1 Nowhere nowhere RB 31627 1615 2 throughout throughout IN 31627 1615 3 the the DT 31627 1615 4 entire entire JJ 31627 1615 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1615 6 area area NN 31627 1615 7 are be VBP 31627 1615 8 these these DT 31627 1615 9 successive successive JJ 31627 1615 10 terraces terrace NNS 31627 1615 11 so so RB 31627 1615 12 finely finely RB 31627 1615 13 laid lay VBD 31627 1615 14 open open RB 31627 1615 15 to to TO 31627 1615 16 view view VB 31627 1615 17 as as IN 31627 1615 18 along along IN 31627 1615 19 the the DT 31627 1615 20 north north JJ 31627 1615 21 coast coast NN 31627 1615 22 of of IN 31627 1615 23 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1615 24 , , , 31627 1615 25 where where WRB 31627 1615 26 the the DT 31627 1615 27 lofty lofty JJ 31627 1615 28 mural mural JJ 31627 1615 29 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1615 30 , , , 31627 1615 31 worn wear VBN 31627 1615 32 back back RP 31627 1615 33 into into IN 31627 1615 34 successive successive JJ 31627 1615 35 bays bay NNS 31627 1615 36 with with IN 31627 1615 37 intervening intervene VBG 31627 1615 38 headlands headland NNS 31627 1615 39 by by IN 31627 1615 40 the the DT 31627 1615 41 irresistible irresistible JJ 31627 1615 42 force force NN 31627 1615 43 of of IN 31627 1615 44 the the DT 31627 1615 45 Atlantic atlantic JJ 31627 1615 46 waves wave NNS 31627 1615 47 , , , 31627 1615 48 present present JJ 31627 1615 49 to to IN 31627 1615 50 the the DT 31627 1615 51 spectator spectator NN 31627 1615 52 a a DT 31627 1615 53 vertical vertical JJ 31627 1615 54 section section NN 31627 1615 55 from from IN 31627 1615 56 300 300 CD 31627 1615 57 to to TO 31627 1615 58 400 400 CD 31627 1615 59 feet foot NNS 31627 1615 60 in in IN 31627 1615 61 height height NN 31627 1615 62 , , , 31627 1615 63 in in IN 31627 1615 64 which which WDT 31627 1615 65 the the DT 31627 1615 66 successive successive JJ 31627 1615 67 tiers tier NNS 31627 1615 68 of of IN 31627 1615 69 columnar columnar NNP 31627 1615 70 basalt basalt NN 31627 1615 71 , , , 31627 1615 72 separated separate VBN 31627 1615 73 by by IN 31627 1615 74 thin thin JJ 31627 1615 75 bands band NNS 31627 1615 76 of of IN 31627 1615 77 bole bole NN 31627 1615 78 , , , 31627 1615 79 are be VBP 31627 1615 80 seen see VBN 31627 1615 81 to to TO 31627 1615 82 rise rise VB 31627 1615 83 one one CD 31627 1615 84 above above IN 31627 1615 85 the the DT 31627 1615 86 other other JJ 31627 1615 87 from from IN 31627 1615 88 the the DT 31627 1615 89 water water NN 31627 1615 90 's 's POS 31627 1615 91 edge edge NN 31627 1615 92 to to IN 31627 1615 93 the the DT 31627 1615 94 summit summit NN 31627 1615 95 of of IN 31627 1615 96 the the DT 31627 1615 97 cliff cliff NN 31627 1615 98 , , , 31627 1615 99 as as IN 31627 1615 100 shown show VBN 31627 1615 101 in in IN 31627 1615 102 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1615 103 . . . 31627 1616 1 30 30 CD 31627 1616 2 . . . 31627 1617 1 Here here RB 31627 1617 2 , , , 31627 1617 3 also also RB 31627 1617 4 , , , 31627 1617 5 at at IN 31627 1617 6 the the DT 31627 1617 7 western western JJ 31627 1617 8 extremity extremity NN 31627 1617 9 of of IN 31627 1617 10 the the DT 31627 1617 11 line line NN 31627 1617 12 of of IN 31627 1617 13 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1617 14 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1617 15 find find VBP 31627 1617 16 that that IN 31627 1617 17 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1617 18 group group NN 31627 1617 19 of of IN 31627 1617 20 vertical vertical JJ 31627 1617 21 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1617 22 columns column NNS 31627 1617 23 , , , 31627 1617 24 stretching stretch VBG 31627 1617 25 from from IN 31627 1617 26 the the DT 31627 1617 27 base base NN 31627 1617 28 of of IN 31627 1617 29 the the DT 31627 1617 30 cliff cliff NN 31627 1617 31 into into IN 31627 1617 32 the the DT 31627 1617 33 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 1617 34 , , , 31627 1617 35 and and CC 31627 1617 36 known know VBN 31627 1617 37 far far RB 31627 1617 38 and and CC 31627 1617 39 wide wide RB 31627 1617 40 by by IN 31627 1617 41 the the DT 31627 1617 42 name name NN 31627 1617 43 of of IN 31627 1617 44 " " `` 31627 1617 45 The the DT 31627 1617 46 Giant Giant NNP 31627 1617 47 's 's POS 31627 1617 48 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 1617 49 , , , 31627 1617 50 " " '' 31627 1617 51 the the DT 31627 1617 52 upper upper JJ 31627 1617 53 ends end NNS 31627 1617 54 of of IN 31627 1617 55 the the DT 31627 1617 56 columns column NNS 31627 1617 57 forming form VBG 31627 1617 58 a a DT 31627 1617 59 tolerably tolerably RB 31627 1617 60 level level NN 31627 1617 61 surface surface NN 31627 1617 62 , , , 31627 1617 63 gently gently RB 31627 1617 64 sloping slope VBG 31627 1617 65 seawards seaward NNS 31627 1617 66 , , , 31627 1617 67 and and CC 31627 1617 68 having have VBG 31627 1617 69 very very RB 31627 1617 70 much much RB 31627 1617 71 the the DT 31627 1617 72 aspect aspect NN 31627 1617 73 of of IN 31627 1617 74 an an DT 31627 1617 75 artificial artificial NN 31627 1617 76 tesselated tesselate VBN 31627 1617 77 pavement pavement NN 31627 1617 78 on on IN 31627 1617 79 a a DT 31627 1617 80 huge huge JJ 31627 1617 81 scale scale NN 31627 1617 82 . . . 31627 1618 1 A a DT 31627 1618 2 portion portion NN 31627 1618 3 of of IN 31627 1618 4 the the DT 31627 1618 5 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 1618 6 , , , 31627 1618 7 with with IN 31627 1618 8 the the DT 31627 1618 9 cliff cliff NN 31627 1618 10 in in IN 31627 1618 11 the the DT 31627 1618 12 background background NN 31627 1618 13 , , , 31627 1618 14 is be VBZ 31627 1618 15 shown show VBN 31627 1618 16 in in IN 31627 1618 17 the the DT 31627 1618 18 figure figure NN 31627 1618 19 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1618 20 Fig fig NN 31627 1618 21 . . . 31627 1619 1 31 31 CD 31627 1619 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1619 3 . . . 31627 1620 1 The the DT 31627 1620 2 columns column NNS 31627 1620 3 are be VBP 31627 1620 4 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1620 5 for for IN 31627 1620 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1620 7 symmetry symmetry NN 31627 1620 8 , , , 31627 1620 9 being be VBG 31627 1620 10 generally generally RB 31627 1620 11 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 31627 1620 12 , , , 31627 1620 13 though though IN 31627 1620 14 occasionally occasionally RB 31627 1620 15 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1620 16 are be VBP 31627 1620 17 pentagons pentagon NNS 31627 1620 18 , , , 31627 1620 19 and and CC 31627 1620 20 each each DT 31627 1620 21 column column NN 31627 1620 22 is be VBZ 31627 1620 23 horizontally horizontally RB 31627 1620 24 traversed traverse VBN 31627 1620 25 by by IN 31627 1620 26 joints joint NNS 31627 1620 27 of of IN 31627 1620 28 the the DT 31627 1620 29 ball ball NN 31627 1620 30 - - HYPH 31627 1620 31 and and CC 31627 1620 32 - - HYPH 31627 1620 33 socket socket NN 31627 1620 34 form form NN 31627 1620 35 , , , 31627 1620 36 thus thus RB 31627 1620 37 dividing divide VBG 31627 1620 38 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1620 39 into into IN 31627 1620 40 distinct distinct JJ 31627 1620 41 courses course NNS 31627 1620 42 of of IN 31627 1620 43 natural natural JJ 31627 1620 44 masonry masonry NN 31627 1620 45 . . . 31627 1621 1 These these DT 31627 1621 2 are be VBP 31627 1621 3 very very RB 31627 1621 4 well well RB 31627 1621 5 shown show VBN 31627 1621 6 in in IN 31627 1621 7 the the DT 31627 1621 8 accompanying accompanying JJ 31627 1621 9 view view NN 31627 1621 10 of of IN 31627 1621 11 the the DT 31627 1621 12 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1621 13 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1621 14 pillars pillar NNS 31627 1621 15 known know VBN 31627 1621 16 as as IN 31627 1621 17 " " `` 31627 1621 18 The the DT 31627 1621 19 Chimneys Chimneys NNPS 31627 1621 20 , , , 31627 1621 21 " " '' 31627 1621 22 which which WDT 31627 1621 23 stand stand VBP 31627 1621 24 up up RP 31627 1621 25 from from IN 31627 1621 26 the the DT 31627 1621 27 margin margin NN 31627 1621 28 of of IN 31627 1621 29 the the DT 31627 1621 30 headland headland NN 31627 1621 31 adjoining adjoin VBG 31627 1621 32 the the DT 31627 1621 33 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 1621 34 , , , 31627 1621 35 monuments monument NNS 31627 1621 36 of of IN 31627 1621 37 past past JJ 31627 1621 38 denudation denudation NN 31627 1621 39 , , , 31627 1621 40 as as IN 31627 1621 41 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1621 42 originally originally RB 31627 1621 43 formed form VBD 31627 1621 44 individuals individual NNS 31627 1621 45 amongst amongst IN 31627 1621 46 the the DT 31627 1621 47 group group NN 31627 1621 48 belonging belong VBG 31627 1621 49 to to IN 31627 1621 50 one one CD 31627 1621 51 of of IN 31627 1621 52 the the DT 31627 1621 53 terraces terrace NNS 31627 1621 54 in in IN 31627 1621 55 the the DT 31627 1621 56 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 1621 57 coast coast NN 31627 1621 58 . . . 31627 1622 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1622 2 5 5 CD 31627 1622 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1622 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1622 5 Fig fig NN 31627 1622 6 . . . 31627 1623 1 32 32 CD 31627 1623 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1623 3 . . . 31627 1624 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1624 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1624 3 : : : 31627 1624 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1624 5 . . . 31627 1625 1 31.--The 31.--the CD 31627 1625 2 Giant Giant NNP 31627 1625 3 's 's POS 31627 1625 4 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 1625 5 , , , 31627 1625 6 formed form VBN 31627 1625 7 of of IN 31627 1625 8 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1625 9 columns column NNS 31627 1625 10 in in IN 31627 1625 11 a a DT 31627 1625 12 vertical vertical JJ 31627 1625 13 position position NN 31627 1625 14 , , , 31627 1625 15 and and CC 31627 1625 16 of of IN 31627 1625 17 pentagonal pentagonal JJ 31627 1625 18 or or CC 31627 1625 19 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 31627 1625 20 section section NN 31627 1625 21 ; ; : 31627 1625 22 above above IN 31627 1625 23 the the DT 31627 1625 24 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 1625 25 is be VBZ 31627 1625 26 seen see VBN 31627 1625 27 a a DT 31627 1625 28 portion portion NN 31627 1625 29 of of IN 31627 1625 30 the the DT 31627 1625 31 cliff cliff NN 31627 1625 32 composed compose VBN 31627 1625 33 of of IN 31627 1625 34 tiers tier NNS 31627 1625 35 of of IN 31627 1625 36 lava lava NN 31627 1625 37 with with IN 31627 1625 38 intervening intervene VBG 31627 1625 39 bands band NNS 31627 1625 40 of of IN 31627 1625 41 bole bole NNP 31627 1625 42 , , , 31627 1625 43 etc.--(From etc.--(from CC 31627 1625 44 a a DT 31627 1625 45 photograph photograph NN 31627 1625 46 . . . 31627 1625 47 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1625 48 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1626 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1626 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1626 3 : : : 31627 1626 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1626 5 . . . 31627 1627 1 32.--"The 32.--"the CD 31627 1627 2 Chimneys Chimneys NNPS 31627 1627 3 , , , 31627 1627 4 " " '' 31627 1627 5 columns column NNS 31627 1627 6 of of IN 31627 1627 7 basalt basalt NN 31627 1627 8 on on IN 31627 1627 9 slope slope NN 31627 1627 10 of of IN 31627 1627 11 cliff cliff NN 31627 1627 12 overlooking overlook VBG 31627 1627 13 the the DT 31627 1627 14 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 1627 15 , , , 31627 1627 16 north north NN 31627 1627 17 coast coast NN 31627 1627 18 of of IN 31627 1627 19 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1627 20 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1627 21 . . . 31627 1628 1 The the DT 31627 1628 2 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1628 3 segments segment NNS 31627 1628 4 , , , 31627 1628 5 or or CC 31627 1628 6 cup cup NN 31627 1628 7 - - HYPH 31627 1628 8 and and CC 31627 1628 9 - - HYPH 31627 1628 10 ball ball NN 31627 1628 11 joints joint NNS 31627 1628 12 , , , 31627 1628 13 of of IN 31627 1628 14 the the DT 31627 1628 15 columns column NNS 31627 1628 16 are be VBP 31627 1628 17 well well RB 31627 1628 18 shown show VBN 31627 1628 19 in in IN 31627 1628 20 this this DT 31627 1628 21 figure figure NN 31627 1628 22 . . . 31627 1629 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1629 2 From from IN 31627 1629 3 a a DT 31627 1629 4 photograph photograph NN 31627 1629 5 . . . 31627 1629 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1629 7 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1630 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1630 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1630 3 g. g. NNP 31627 1630 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1630 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1630 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1630 7 Original Original NNP 31627 1630 8 Thickness Thickness NNP 31627 1630 9 of of IN 31627 1630 10 the the DT 31627 1630 11 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1630 12 Lavas._--It lavas._--it NN 31627 1630 13 is be VBZ 31627 1630 14 impossible impossible JJ 31627 1630 15 to to TO 31627 1630 16 determine determine VB 31627 1630 17 with with IN 31627 1630 18 certainty certainty NN 31627 1630 19 what what WP 31627 1630 20 may may MD 31627 1630 21 have have VB 31627 1630 22 been be VBN 31627 1630 23 the the DT 31627 1630 24 original original JJ 31627 1630 25 thickness thickness NN 31627 1630 26 of of IN 31627 1630 27 the the DT 31627 1630 28 accumulated accumulate VBN 31627 1630 29 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1630 30 of of IN 31627 1630 31 basic basic JJ 31627 1630 32 lavas lavas NN 31627 1630 33 with with IN 31627 1630 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1630 35 associated associated JJ 31627 1630 36 beds bed NNS 31627 1630 37 of of IN 31627 1630 38 ash ash NNP 31627 1630 39 and and CC 31627 1630 40 bole bole NNP 31627 1630 41 . . . 31627 1631 1 The the DT 31627 1631 2 greatest greatest RBS 31627 1631 3 known know VBN 31627 1631 4 thickness thickness NN 31627 1631 5 of of IN 31627 1631 6 the the DT 31627 1631 7 lower low JJR 31627 1631 8 zone zone NN 31627 1631 9 of of IN 31627 1631 10 lavas lavas NNP 31627 1631 11 is be VBZ 31627 1631 12 , , , 31627 1631 13 as as IN 31627 1631 14 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1631 15 have have VBP 31627 1631 16 already already RB 31627 1631 17 stated state VBN 31627 1631 18 , , , 31627 1631 19 about about RB 31627 1631 20 600 600 CD 31627 1631 21 feet foot NNS 31627 1631 22 . . . 31627 1632 1 The the DT 31627 1632 2 intermediate intermediate JJ 31627 1632 3 beds bed NNS 31627 1632 4 of of IN 31627 1632 5 ash ash NN 31627 1632 6 and and CC 31627 1632 7 bole bole NNP 31627 1632 8 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1632 9 attain attain VBP 31627 1632 10 a a DT 31627 1632 11 thickness thickness NN 31627 1632 12 of of IN 31627 1632 13 40 40 CD 31627 1632 14 feet foot NNS 31627 1632 15 , , , 31627 1632 16 and and CC 31627 1632 17 the the DT 31627 1632 18 upper upper JJ 31627 1632 19 group group NN 31627 1632 20 of of IN 31627 1632 21 basalt basalt NNP 31627 1632 22 about about RB 31627 1632 23 400 400 CD 31627 1632 24 feet foot NNS 31627 1632 25 ; ; : 31627 1632 26 these these DT 31627 1632 27 together together RB 31627 1632 28 would would MD 31627 1632 29 constitute constitute VB 31627 1632 30 a a DT 31627 1632 31 series series NN 31627 1632 32 of of IN 31627 1632 33 over over IN 31627 1632 34 1,000 1,000 CD 31627 1632 35 feet foot NNS 31627 1632 36 in in IN 31627 1632 37 thickness thickness NN 31627 1632 38 . . . 31627 1633 1 But but CC 31627 1633 2 this this DT 31627 1633 3 amount amount NN 31627 1633 4 , , , 31627 1633 5 great great JJ 31627 1633 6 as as IN 31627 1633 7 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1633 8 is be VBZ 31627 1633 9 , , , 31627 1633 10 is be VBZ 31627 1633 11 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 31627 1633 12 below below IN 31627 1633 13 the the DT 31627 1633 14 original original JJ 31627 1633 15 maximum maximum NN 31627 1633 16 , , , 31627 1633 17 as as IN 31627 1633 18 the the DT 31627 1633 19 uppermost uppermost JJ 31627 1633 20 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1633 21 have have VBP 31627 1633 22 been be VBN 31627 1633 23 removed remove VBN 31627 1633 24 by by IN 31627 1633 25 denuding denude VBG 31627 1633 26 agencies agency NNS 31627 1633 27 , , , 31627 1633 28 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1633 29 know know VBP 31627 1633 30 not not RB 31627 1633 31 to to TO 31627 1633 32 what what WDT 31627 1633 33 extent extent NN 31627 1633 34 . . . 31627 1634 1 Nor nor CC 31627 1634 2 is be VBZ 31627 1634 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1634 4 of of IN 31627 1634 5 any any DT 31627 1634 6 great great JJ 31627 1634 7 importance importance NN 31627 1634 8 . . . 31627 1635 1 Sufficient sufficient JJ 31627 1635 2 remains remain VBZ 31627 1635 3 to to TO 31627 1635 4 enable enable VB 31627 1635 5 us -PRON- PRP 31627 1635 6 to to TO 31627 1635 7 form form VB 31627 1635 8 a a DT 31627 1635 9 just just JJ 31627 1635 10 conception conception NN 31627 1635 11 of of IN 31627 1635 12 the the DT 31627 1635 13 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 1635 14 both both DT 31627 1635 15 as as IN 31627 1635 16 regards regard VBZ 31627 1635 17 thickness thickness NN 31627 1635 18 and and CC 31627 1635 19 extent extent NN 31627 1635 20 of of IN 31627 1635 21 the the DT 31627 1635 22 erupted erupted JJ 31627 1635 23 matter matter NN 31627 1635 24 of of IN 31627 1635 25 the the DT 31627 1635 26 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1635 27 period period NN 31627 1635 28 over over IN 31627 1635 29 the the DT 31627 1635 30 North North NNP 31627 1635 31 - - HYPH 31627 1635 32 east east NN 31627 1635 33 of of IN 31627 1635 34 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1635 35 and and CC 31627 1635 36 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 1635 37 submerged submerged JJ 31627 1635 38 tracts tract NNS 31627 1635 39 , , , 31627 1635 40 and and CC 31627 1635 41 of of IN 31627 1635 42 the the DT 31627 1635 43 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 1635 44 of of IN 31627 1635 45 the the DT 31627 1635 46 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1635 47 operations operation NNS 31627 1635 48 necessary necessary JJ 31627 1635 49 for for IN 31627 1635 50 the the DT 31627 1635 51 production production NN 31627 1635 52 of of IN 31627 1635 53 such such JJ 31627 1635 54 masses masse NNS 31627 1635 55 . . . 31627 1636 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1636 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1636 3 h. h. NNP 31627 1636 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1636 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1636 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1636 7 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1636 8 Necks._--As necks._--as NN 31627 1636 9 already already RB 31627 1636 10 remarked remark VBD 31627 1636 11 , , , 31627 1636 12 no no DT 31627 1636 13 craters crater NNS 31627 1636 14 of of IN 31627 1636 15 eruption eruption NN 31627 1636 16 survive survive VBP 31627 1636 17 throughout throughout IN 31627 1636 18 the the DT 31627 1636 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1636 20 region region NN 31627 1636 21 of of IN 31627 1636 22 the the DT 31627 1636 23 North North NNP 31627 1636 24 - - HYPH 31627 1636 25 east east NN 31627 1636 26 of of IN 31627 1636 27 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1636 28 , , , 31627 1636 29 owing owe VBG 31627 1636 30 to to IN 31627 1636 31 the the DT 31627 1636 32 enormous enormous JJ 31627 1636 33 extent extent NN 31627 1636 34 of of IN 31627 1636 35 the the DT 31627 1636 36 denudation denudation NN 31627 1636 37 which which WDT 31627 1636 38 this this DT 31627 1636 39 region region NN 31627 1636 40 has have VBZ 31627 1636 41 undergone undergo VBN 31627 1636 42 since since IN 31627 1636 43 the the DT 31627 1636 44 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 1636 45 Epoch Epoch NNP 31627 1636 46 ; ; : 31627 1636 47 but but CC 31627 1636 48 the the DT 31627 1636 49 old old JJ 31627 1636 50 " " `` 31627 1636 51 necks neck NNS 31627 1636 52 " " '' 31627 1636 53 of of IN 31627 1636 54 such such JJ 31627 1636 55 craters crater NNS 31627 1636 56 -- -- : 31627 1636 57 in in IN 31627 1636 58 other other JJ 31627 1636 59 words word NNS 31627 1636 60 , , , 31627 1636 61 the the DT 31627 1636 62 pipes pipe NNS 31627 1636 63 filled fill VBN 31627 1636 64 with with IN 31627 1636 65 either either CC 31627 1636 66 solid solid JJ 31627 1636 67 basalt basalt NN 31627 1636 68 , , , 31627 1636 69 or or CC 31627 1636 70 basalt basalt NN 31627 1636 71 and and CC 31627 1636 72 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1636 73 -- -- : 31627 1636 74 are be VBP 31627 1636 75 still still RB 31627 1636 76 to to TO 31627 1636 77 be be VB 31627 1636 78 found find VBN 31627 1636 79 at at IN 31627 1636 80 intervals interval NNS 31627 1636 81 over over IN 31627 1636 82 the the DT 31627 1636 83 whole whole JJ 31627 1636 84 area area NN 31627 1636 85 . . . 31627 1637 1 Owing owe VBG 31627 1637 2 to to IN 31627 1637 3 the the DT 31627 1637 4 greater great JJR 31627 1637 5 solidity solidity NN 31627 1637 6 of of IN 31627 1637 7 the the DT 31627 1637 8 lava lava NN 31627 1637 9 which which WDT 31627 1637 10 filled fill VBD 31627 1637 11 up up RP 31627 1637 12 these these DT 31627 1637 13 " " `` 31627 1637 14 necks neck NNS 31627 1637 15 " " '' 31627 1637 16 over over IN 31627 1637 17 the the DT 31627 1637 18 plateau plateau NN 31627 1637 19 - - HYPH 31627 1637 20 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1637 21 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1637 22 which which WDT 31627 1637 23 surround surround VBP 31627 1637 24 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1637 25 , , , 31627 1637 26 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1637 27 appear appear VBP 31627 1637 28 as as IN 31627 1637 29 bosses boss NNS 31627 1637 30 or or CC 31627 1637 31 hills hill NNS 31627 1637 32 rising rise VBG 31627 1637 33 above above IN 31627 1637 34 the the DT 31627 1637 35 general general JJ 31627 1637 36 level level NN 31627 1637 37 of of IN 31627 1637 38 the the DT 31627 1637 39 ground ground NN 31627 1637 40 . . . 31627 1638 1 One one CD 31627 1638 2 of of IN 31627 1638 3 these these DT 31627 1638 4 bosses boss NNS 31627 1638 5 of of IN 31627 1638 6 highly highly RB 31627 1638 7 columnar columnar JJ 31627 1638 8 basalt basalt NN 31627 1638 9 occurs occur VBZ 31627 1638 10 between between IN 31627 1638 11 Portrush Portrush NNP 31627 1638 12 and and CC 31627 1638 13 Bushmills Bushmills NNP 31627 1638 14 , , , 31627 1638 15 not not RB 31627 1638 16 far far RB 31627 1638 17 from from IN 31627 1638 18 Dunluce Dunluce NNP 31627 1638 19 Castle Castle NNP 31627 1638 20 , , , 31627 1638 21 another another DT 31627 1638 22 at at IN 31627 1638 23 Scawt Scawt NNP 31627 1638 24 Hill Hill NNP 31627 1638 25 , , , 31627 1638 26 near near IN 31627 1638 27 Glenarm Glenarm NNP 31627 1638 28 , , , 31627 1638 29 and and CC 31627 1638 30 a a DT 31627 1638 31 third third NN 31627 1638 32 at at IN 31627 1638 33 Carmoney Carmoney NNP 31627 1638 34 Hill Hill NNP 31627 1638 35 above above IN 31627 1638 36 Belfast Belfast NNP 31627 1638 37 Lough Lough NNP 31627 1638 38 . . . 31627 1639 1 But but CC 31627 1639 2 by by IN 31627 1639 3 far far RB 31627 1639 4 the the DT 31627 1639 5 most most RBS 31627 1639 6 prominent prominent JJ 31627 1639 7 of of IN 31627 1639 8 these these DT 31627 1639 9 old old JJ 31627 1639 10 solidified solidified JJ 31627 1639 11 vents vent NNS 31627 1639 12 of of IN 31627 1639 13 eruption eruption NN 31627 1639 14 is be VBZ 31627 1639 15 that that DT 31627 1639 16 of of IN 31627 1639 17 Sleamish Sleamish NNP 31627 1639 18 , , , 31627 1639 19 a a DT 31627 1639 20 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 31627 1639 21 mountain mountain NN 31627 1639 22 which which WDT 31627 1639 23 rises rise VBZ 31627 1639 24 above above IN 31627 1639 25 the the DT 31627 1639 26 general general JJ 31627 1639 27 level level NN 31627 1639 28 of of IN 31627 1639 29 the the DT 31627 1639 30 plateau plateau NN 31627 1639 31 near near IN 31627 1639 32 Ballymena Ballymena NNP 31627 1639 33 , , , 31627 1639 34 and and CC 31627 1639 35 attains attain VBZ 31627 1639 36 an an DT 31627 1639 37 elevation elevation NN 31627 1639 38 of of IN 31627 1639 39 1,437 1,437 CD 31627 1639 40 feet foot NNS 31627 1639 41 above above IN 31627 1639 42 the the DT 31627 1639 43 sea sea NN 31627 1639 44 . . . 31627 1640 1 Seen see VBN 31627 1640 2 from from IN 31627 1640 3 the the DT 31627 1640 4 west west NN 31627 1640 5 , , , 31627 1640 6 the the DT 31627 1640 7 mountain mountain NN 31627 1640 8 has have VBZ 31627 1640 9 the the DT 31627 1640 10 appearance appearance NN 31627 1640 11 of of IN 31627 1640 12 a a DT 31627 1640 13 round round JJ 31627 1640 14 - - HYPH 31627 1640 15 topped top VBN 31627 1640 16 cone cone NN 31627 1640 17 ; ; : 31627 1640 18 but but CC 31627 1640 19 on on IN 31627 1640 20 examination examination NN 31627 1640 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1640 22 is be VBZ 31627 1640 23 found find VBN 31627 1640 24 to to TO 31627 1640 25 be be VB 31627 1640 26 in in IN 31627 1640 27 reality reality NN 31627 1640 28 a a DT 31627 1640 29 huge huge JJ 31627 1640 30 dyke dyke NN 31627 1640 31 , , , 31627 1640 32 breaking break VBG 31627 1640 33 off off RP 31627 1640 34 abruptly abruptly RB 31627 1640 35 towards towards IN 31627 1640 36 the the DT 31627 1640 37 north north NN 31627 1640 38 - - HYPH 31627 1640 39 west west NN 31627 1640 40 , , , 31627 1640 41 in in IN 31627 1640 42 which which WDT 31627 1640 43 direction direction NN 31627 1640 44 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1640 45 reaches reach VBZ 31627 1640 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1640 47 greatest great JJS 31627 1640 48 height height NN 31627 1640 49 , , , 31627 1640 50 then then RB 31627 1640 51 sloping slope VBG 31627 1640 52 downwards downwards RB 31627 1640 53 towards towards IN 31627 1640 54 the the DT 31627 1640 55 east east NN 31627 1640 56 . . . 31627 1641 1 This this DT 31627 1641 2 form form NN 31627 1641 3 suggests suggest VBZ 31627 1641 4 that that IN 31627 1641 5 Sleamish Sleamish NNP 31627 1641 6 is be VBZ 31627 1641 7 in in IN 31627 1641 8 reality reality NN 31627 1641 9 one one CD 31627 1641 10 of of IN 31627 1641 11 the the DT 31627 1641 12 fissure fissure NN 31627 1641 13 - - HYPH 31627 1641 14 vents vent NNS 31627 1641 15 of of IN 31627 1641 16 eruption eruption NN 31627 1641 17 rather rather RB 31627 1641 18 than than IN 31627 1641 19 the the DT 31627 1641 20 neck neck NN 31627 1641 21 of of IN 31627 1641 22 an an DT 31627 1641 23 old old JJ 31627 1641 24 volcano volcano NN 31627 1641 25 . . . 31627 1642 1 The the DT 31627 1642 2 rock rock NN 31627 1642 3 of of IN 31627 1642 4 which which WDT 31627 1642 5 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1642 6 is be VBZ 31627 1642 7 formed form VBN 31627 1642 8 consists consist NNS 31627 1642 9 of of IN 31627 1642 10 exceedingly exceedingly RB 31627 1642 11 massive massive JJ 31627 1642 12 , , , 31627 1642 13 coarsely coarsely RB 31627 1642 14 - - HYPH 31627 1642 15 crystalline crystalline NN 31627 1642 16 dolerite dolerite NN 31627 1642 17 , , , 31627 1642 18 rich rich JJ 31627 1642 19 in in IN 31627 1642 20 olivine olivine NN 31627 1642 21 , , , 31627 1642 22 and and CC 31627 1642 23 divided divide VBN 31627 1642 24 into into IN 31627 1642 25 large large JJ 31627 1642 26 quadrangular quadrangular JJ 31627 1642 27 blocks block NNS 31627 1642 28 by by IN 31627 1642 29 parallel parallel JJ 31627 1642 30 joint joint JJ 31627 1642 31 planes plane NNS 31627 1642 32 . . . 31627 1643 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1643 2 junction junction NN 31627 1643 3 with with IN 31627 1643 4 the the DT 31627 1643 5 plateau plateau NN 31627 1643 6 - - HYPH 31627 1643 7 basalt basalt NN 31627 1643 8 from from IN 31627 1643 9 which which WDT 31627 1643 10 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1643 11 rises rise VBZ 31627 1643 12 can can MD 31627 1643 13 nowhere nowhere RB 31627 1643 14 be be VB 31627 1643 15 seen see VBN 31627 1643 16 ; ; : 31627 1643 17 but but CC 31627 1643 18 at at IN 31627 1643 19 the the DT 31627 1643 20 nearest near JJS 31627 1643 21 point point NN 31627 1643 22 where where WRB 31627 1643 23 the the DT 31627 1643 24 two two CD 31627 1643 25 rocks rock NNS 31627 1643 26 are be VBP 31627 1643 27 traceable traceable JJ 31627 1643 28 the the DT 31627 1643 29 plateau plateau NN 31627 1643 30 - - HYPH 31627 1643 31 basalt basalt NN 31627 1643 32 appears appear VBZ 31627 1643 33 to to TO 31627 1643 34 be be VB 31627 1643 35 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 1643 36 indurated indurated JJ 31627 1643 37 ; ; : 31627 1643 38 breaking break VBG 31627 1643 39 with with IN 31627 1643 40 a a DT 31627 1643 41 splintery splintery JJ 31627 1643 42 fracture fracture NN 31627 1643 43 and and CC 31627 1643 44 a a DT 31627 1643 45 sharp sharp JJ 31627 1643 46 ring ring NN 31627 1643 47 under under IN 31627 1643 48 the the DT 31627 1643 49 hammer hammer NN 31627 1643 50 , , , 31627 1643 51 suggesting suggest VBG 31627 1643 52 that that IN 31627 1643 53 the the DT 31627 1643 54 lava lava NN 31627 1643 55 of of IN 31627 1643 56 Sleamish Sleamish NNP 31627 1643 57 had have VBD 31627 1643 58 been be VBN 31627 1643 59 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1643 60 through through IN 31627 1643 61 the the DT 31627 1643 62 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1643 63 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1643 64 , , , 31627 1643 65 and and CC 31627 1643 66 had have VBD 31627 1643 67 considerably considerably RB 31627 1643 68 indurated indurate VBN 31627 1643 69 the the DT 31627 1643 70 portions portion NNS 31627 1643 71 in in IN 31627 1643 72 contact contact NN 31627 1643 73 with with IN 31627 1643 74 , , , 31627 1643 75 or or CC 31627 1643 76 in in IN 31627 1643 77 proximity proximity NN 31627 1643 78 to to TO 31627 1643 79 , , , 31627 1643 80 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1643 81 . . . 31627 1644 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1644 2 6 6 CD 31627 1644 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1644 4 Amongst amongst IN 31627 1644 5 the the DT 31627 1644 6 vents vent NNS 31627 1644 7 filled fill VBN 31627 1644 8 with with IN 31627 1644 9 ash ash NN 31627 1644 10 and and CC 31627 1644 11 agglomerate agglomerate NN 31627 1644 12 , , , 31627 1644 13 the the DT 31627 1644 14 most most RBS 31627 1644 15 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1644 16 is be VBZ 31627 1644 17 that that DT 31627 1644 18 of of IN 31627 1644 19 Carrick Carrick NNP 31627 1644 20 - - HYPH 31627 1644 21 a a DT 31627 1644 22 - - HYPH 31627 1644 23 raide raide NN 31627 1644 24 , , , 31627 1644 25 near near IN 31627 1644 26 Ballycastle Ballycastle NNP 31627 1644 27 . . . 31627 1645 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1645 2 forms form VBZ 31627 1645 3 this this DT 31627 1645 4 rocky rocky JJ 31627 1645 5 island island NN 31627 1645 6 and and CC 31627 1645 7 a a DT 31627 1645 8 portion portion NN 31627 1645 9 of of IN 31627 1645 10 the the DT 31627 1645 11 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 1645 12 coast coast NN 31627 1645 13 , , , 31627 1645 14 where where WRB 31627 1645 15 the the DT 31627 1645 16 beds bed NNS 31627 1645 17 of of IN 31627 1645 18 ash ash NN 31627 1645 19 are be VBP 31627 1645 20 finely finely RB 31627 1645 21 displayed display VBN 31627 1645 22 ; ; : 31627 1645 23 consisting consist VBG 31627 1645 24 of of IN 31627 1645 25 fragments fragment NNS 31627 1645 26 and and CC 31627 1645 27 bombs bomb NNS 31627 1645 28 of of IN 31627 1645 29 basalt basalt NN 31627 1645 30 , , , 31627 1645 31 with with IN 31627 1645 32 pieces piece NNS 31627 1645 33 of of IN 31627 1645 34 chalk chalk NN 31627 1645 35 , , , 31627 1645 36 flint flint NN 31627 1645 37 , , , 31627 1645 38 and and CC 31627 1645 39 peperino peperino JJ 31627 1645 40 , , , 31627 1645 41 which which WDT 31627 1645 42 is be VBZ 31627 1645 43 irregularly irregularly RB 31627 1645 44 bedded bed VBN 31627 1645 45 . . . 31627 1646 1 These these DT 31627 1646 2 ash ash NN 31627 1646 3 - - HYPH 31627 1646 4 beds bed NNS 31627 1646 5 attain attain VBP 31627 1646 6 a a DT 31627 1646 7 thickness thickness NN 31627 1646 8 of of IN 31627 1646 9 about about RB 31627 1646 10 120 120 CD 31627 1646 11 feet foot NNS 31627 1646 12 just just RB 31627 1646 13 below below IN 31627 1646 14 the the DT 31627 1646 15 road road NN 31627 1646 16 to to IN 31627 1646 17 Ballycastle Ballycastle NNP 31627 1646 18 , , , 31627 1646 19 but but CC 31627 1646 20 rapidly rapidly RB 31627 1646 21 tail tail VBP 31627 1646 22 out out RP 31627 1646 23 in in IN 31627 1646 24 both both DT 31627 1646 25 directions direction NNS 31627 1646 26 from from IN 31627 1646 27 the the DT 31627 1646 28 locality locality NN 31627 1646 29 of of IN 31627 1646 30 the the DT 31627 1646 31 vent vent NN 31627 1646 32 . . . 31627 1647 1 Just just RB 31627 1647 2 below below IN 31627 1647 3 the the DT 31627 1647 4 ash ash NN 31627 1647 5 - - HYPH 31627 1647 6 beds bed NNS 31627 1647 7 , , , 31627 1647 8 the the DT 31627 1647 9 white white JJ 31627 1647 10 chalk chalk NN 31627 1647 11 with with IN 31627 1647 12 flints flint NNS 31627 1647 13 may may MD 31627 1647 14 be be VB 31627 1647 15 seen see VBN 31627 1647 16 extending extend VBG 31627 1647 17 down down RP 31627 1647 18 into into IN 31627 1647 19 the the DT 31627 1647 20 sea sea NN 31627 1647 21 - - HYPH 31627 1647 22 bed bed NN 31627 1647 23 . . . 31627 1648 1 Nowhere nowhere RB 31627 1648 2 in in IN 31627 1648 3 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1648 4 is be VBZ 31627 1648 5 there there EX 31627 1648 6 such such PDT 31627 1648 7 a a DT 31627 1648 8 display display NN 31627 1648 9 of of IN 31627 1648 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1648 11 ash ash NN 31627 1648 12 and and CC 31627 1648 13 agglomerate agglomerate NN 31627 1648 14 as as IN 31627 1648 15 at at IN 31627 1648 16 this this DT 31627 1648 17 spot spot NN 31627 1648 18 . . . 31627 1649 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1649 2 7 7 CD 31627 1649 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1649 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1649 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1649 6 i. i. NNP 31627 1649 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1649 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1649 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1649 10 Dykes Dykes NNP 31627 1649 11 : : : 31627 1649 12 Conditions condition NNS 31627 1649 13 under under IN 31627 1649 14 which which WDT 31627 1649 15 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1649 16 were be VBD 31627 1649 17 Erupted._--No erupted._--no JJ 31627 1649 18 one one PRP 31627 1649 19 can can MD 31627 1649 20 visit visit VB 31627 1649 21 the the DT 31627 1649 22 geological geological JJ 31627 1649 23 sections section NNS 31627 1649 24 in in IN 31627 1649 25 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1649 26 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1649 27 and and CC 31627 1649 28 the the DT 31627 1649 29 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 1649 30 districts district NNS 31627 1649 31 of of IN 31627 1649 32 Down down RB 31627 1649 33 , , , 31627 1649 34 Armagh Armagh NNP 31627 1649 35 , , , 31627 1649 36 Derry Derry NNP 31627 1649 37 , , , 31627 1649 38 and and CC 31627 1649 39 Tyrone tyrone NN 31627 1649 40 , , , 31627 1649 41 without without IN 31627 1649 42 being be VBG 31627 1649 43 struck strike VBN 31627 1649 44 by by IN 31627 1649 45 the the DT 31627 1649 46 great great JJ 31627 1649 47 number number NN 31627 1649 48 and and CC 31627 1649 49 variety variety NN 31627 1649 50 of of IN 31627 1649 51 the the DT 31627 1649 52 igneous igneous JJ 31627 1649 53 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1649 54 by by IN 31627 1649 55 which which WDT 31627 1649 56 the the DT 31627 1649 57 rocks rock NNS 31627 1649 58 are be VBP 31627 1649 59 traversed traverse VBN 31627 1649 60 . . . 31627 1650 1 The the DT 31627 1650 2 great great JJ 31627 1650 3 majority majority NN 31627 1650 4 of of IN 31627 1650 5 these these DT 31627 1650 6 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1650 7 are be VBP 31627 1650 8 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1650 9 , , , 31627 1650 10 and and CC 31627 1650 11 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1650 12 are be VBP 31627 1650 13 found find VBN 31627 1650 14 traversing traverse VBG 31627 1650 15 all all PDT 31627 1650 16 the the DT 31627 1650 17 formations formation NNS 31627 1650 18 , , , 31627 1650 19 including include VBG 31627 1650 20 the the DT 31627 1650 21 Cretaceous cretaceous JJ 31627 1650 22 and and CC 31627 1650 23 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1650 24 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1650 25 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1650 26 . . . 31627 1651 1 The the DT 31627 1651 2 Carlingford Carlingford NNP 31627 1651 3 and and CC 31627 1651 4 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 1651 5 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 1651 6 are be VBP 31627 1651 7 seamed seam VBN 31627 1651 8 with with IN 31627 1651 9 such such JJ 31627 1651 10 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1651 11 , , , 31627 1651 12 and and CC 31627 1651 13 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1651 14 are be VBP 31627 1651 15 splendidly splendidly RB 31627 1651 16 laid lay VBN 31627 1651 17 open open JJ 31627 1651 18 to to TO 31627 1651 19 view view VB 31627 1651 20 along along IN 31627 1651 21 the the DT 31627 1651 22 coast coast NN 31627 1651 23 south south RB 31627 1651 24 of of IN 31627 1651 25 Newcastle Newcastle NNP 31627 1651 26 in in IN 31627 1651 27 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1651 28 Down down RB 31627 1651 29 , , , 31627 1651 30 as as RB 31627 1651 31 also also RB 31627 1651 32 along along IN 31627 1651 33 the the DT 31627 1651 34 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1651 35 coast coast NN 31627 1651 36 from from IN 31627 1651 37 Belfast Belfast NNP 31627 1651 38 to to IN 31627 1651 39 Larne Larne NNP 31627 1651 40 . . . 31627 1652 1 The the DT 31627 1652 2 fine fine JJ 31627 1652 3 old old JJ 31627 1652 4 castle castle NN 31627 1652 5 of of IN 31627 1652 6 Carrickfergus Carrickfergus NNP 31627 1652 7 has have VBZ 31627 1652 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1652 9 foundations foundation NNS 31627 1652 10 on on IN 31627 1652 11 one one CD 31627 1652 12 of of IN 31627 1652 13 those those DT 31627 1652 14 dyke dyke NN 31627 1652 15 - - HYPH 31627 1652 16 like like JJ 31627 1652 17 intrusions intrusion NNS 31627 1652 18 , , , 31627 1652 19 but but CC 31627 1652 20 one one CD 31627 1652 21 of of IN 31627 1652 22 greater great JJR 31627 1652 23 size size NN 31627 1652 24 than than IN 31627 1652 25 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 1652 26 . . . 31627 1653 1 All all PDT 31627 1653 2 the the DT 31627 1653 3 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1653 4 here here RB 31627 1653 5 referred refer VBD 31627 1653 6 to to TO 31627 1653 7 are be VBP 31627 1653 8 not not RB 31627 1653 9 , , , 31627 1653 10 however however RB 31627 1653 11 , , , 31627 1653 12 of of IN 31627 1653 13 the the DT 31627 1653 14 same same JJ 31627 1653 15 age age NN 31627 1653 16 , , , 31627 1653 17 as as IN 31627 1653 18 is be VBZ 31627 1653 19 conclusively conclusively RB 31627 1653 20 proved prove VBN 31627 1653 21 by by IN 31627 1653 22 sections section NNS 31627 1653 23 amongst amongst IN 31627 1653 24 the the DT 31627 1653 25 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 1653 26 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 1653 27 where where WRB 31627 1653 28 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1653 29 of of IN 31627 1653 30 Lower low JJR 31627 1653 31 Silurian silurian JJ 31627 1653 32 strata strata NN 31627 1653 33 , , , 31627 1653 34 superimposed superimpose VBN 31627 1653 35 on on IN 31627 1653 36 the the DT 31627 1653 37 intrusive intrusive JJ 31627 1653 38 granite granite NN 31627 1653 39 of of IN 31627 1653 40 the the DT 31627 1653 41 district district NN 31627 1653 42 , , , 31627 1653 43 exhibit exhibit VB 31627 1653 44 two two CD 31627 1653 45 sets set NNS 31627 1653 46 of of IN 31627 1653 47 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1653 48 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1653 49 -- -- : 31627 1653 50 one one CD 31627 1653 51 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1653 52 the the DT 31627 1653 53 older old JJR 31627 1653 54 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1653 55 abruptly abruptly RB 31627 1653 56 terminated terminate VBN 31627 1653 57 at at IN 31627 1653 58 the the DT 31627 1653 59 granite granite NN 31627 1653 60 margin margin NN 31627 1653 61 , , , 31627 1653 62 the the DT 31627 1653 63 other other JJ 31627 1653 64 and and CC 31627 1653 65 newer new JJR 31627 1653 66 penetrating penetrate VBG 31627 1653 67 the the DT 31627 1653 68 granite granite NN 31627 1653 69 and and CC 31627 1653 70 Silurian silurian JJ 31627 1653 71 rocks rock NNS 31627 1653 72 alike alike RB 31627 1653 73 . . . 31627 1654 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1654 2 is be VBZ 31627 1654 3 not not RB 31627 1654 4 improbable improbable JJ 31627 1654 5 that that IN 31627 1654 6 the the DT 31627 1654 7 older old JJR 31627 1654 8 dykes dyke VBZ 31627 1654 9 belong belong VB 31627 1654 10 to to IN 31627 1654 11 the the DT 31627 1654 12 Carboniferous carboniferous JJ 31627 1654 13 or or CC 31627 1654 14 Permian permian JJ 31627 1654 15 age age NN 31627 1654 16 , , , 31627 1654 17 while while IN 31627 1654 18 the the DT 31627 1654 19 newer new JJR 31627 1654 20 are be VBP 31627 1654 21 with with IN 31627 1654 22 equal equal JJ 31627 1654 23 probability probability NN 31627 1654 24 of of IN 31627 1654 25 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1654 26 age age NN 31627 1654 27 . . . 31627 1655 1 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1655 2 A. A. NNP 31627 1655 3 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1655 4 has have VBZ 31627 1655 5 shown show VBN 31627 1655 6 that that IN 31627 1655 7 the the DT 31627 1655 8 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1655 9 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1655 10 of of IN 31627 1655 11 the the DT 31627 1655 12 North North NNP 31627 1655 13 of of IN 31627 1655 14 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1655 15 are be VBP 31627 1655 16 representatives representative NNS 31627 1655 17 of of IN 31627 1655 18 others other NNS 31627 1655 19 occurring occur VBG 31627 1655 20 at at IN 31627 1655 21 intervals interval NNS 31627 1655 22 over over IN 31627 1655 23 the the DT 31627 1655 24 North North NNP 31627 1655 25 of of IN 31627 1655 26 England England NNP 31627 1655 27 , , , 31627 1655 28 and and CC 31627 1655 29 Central Central NNP 31627 1655 30 and and CC 31627 1655 31 Western Western NNP 31627 1655 32 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1655 33 , , , 31627 1655 34 all all DT 31627 1655 35 pointing point VBG 31627 1655 36 towards towards IN 31627 1655 37 the the DT 31627 1655 38 central central JJ 31627 1655 39 region region NN 31627 1655 40 of of IN 31627 1655 41 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1655 42 activity activity NN 31627 1655 43 ; ; : 31627 1655 44 or or CC 31627 1655 45 in in IN 31627 1655 46 a a DT 31627 1655 47 parallel parallel JJ 31627 1655 48 direction direction NN 31627 1655 49 thereto thereto NN 31627 1655 50 , , , 31627 1655 51 approximating approximate VBG 31627 1655 52 to to IN 31627 1655 53 the the DT 31627 1655 54 N.W. N.W. NNP 31627 1656 1 in in IN 31627 1656 2 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1656 3 , , , 31627 1656 4 the the DT 31627 1656 5 Island Island NNP 31627 1656 6 of of IN 31627 1656 7 Islay Islay NNP 31627 1656 8 , , , 31627 1656 9 and and CC 31627 1656 10 East East NNP 31627 1656 11 Argyleshire Argyleshire NNP 31627 1656 12 , , , 31627 1656 13 but but CC 31627 1656 14 in in IN 31627 1656 15 the the DT 31627 1656 16 centre centre NN 31627 1656 17 of of IN 31627 1656 18 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1656 19 generally generally RB 31627 1656 20 ranging range VBG 31627 1656 21 from from IN 31627 1656 22 east east NNP 31627 1656 23 to to IN 31627 1656 24 west west NNP 31627 1656 25 . . . 31627 1657 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1657 2 8 8 LS 31627 1657 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1657 4 The the DT 31627 1657 5 area area NN 31627 1657 6 affected affect VBN 31627 1657 7 by by IN 31627 1657 8 the the DT 31627 1657 9 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1657 10 of of IN 31627 1657 11 undoubted undoubted JJ 31627 1657 12 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1657 13 age age NN 31627 1657 14 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1657 15 estimates estimate NNS 31627 1657 16 at at IN 31627 1657 17 no no DT 31627 1657 18 less less JJR 31627 1657 19 than than IN 31627 1657 20 40,000 40,000 CD 31627 1657 21 square square JJ 31627 1657 22 miles mile NNS 31627 1657 23 -- -- : 31627 1657 24 a a DT 31627 1657 25 territory territory NN 31627 1657 26 greater great JJR 31627 1657 27 than than IN 31627 1657 28 either either CC 31627 1657 29 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1657 30 or or CC 31627 1657 31 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1657 32 , , , 31627 1657 33 and and CC 31627 1657 34 equal equal JJ 31627 1657 35 to to IN 31627 1657 36 more more JJR 31627 1657 37 than than IN 31627 1657 38 a a DT 31627 1657 39 third third NN 31627 1657 40 of of IN 31627 1657 41 the the DT 31627 1657 42 total total JJ 31627 1657 43 land land NN 31627 1657 44 - - HYPH 31627 1657 45 surface surface NN 31627 1657 46 of of IN 31627 1657 47 the the DT 31627 1657 48 British British NNP 31627 1657 49 Isles;[9 Isles;[9 NNP 31627 1657 50 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1657 51 and and CC 31627 1657 52 he -PRON- PRP 31627 1657 53 regards regard VBZ 31627 1657 54 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1657 55 as as IN 31627 1657 56 posterior posterior RB 31627 1657 57 " " '' 31627 1657 58 to to IN 31627 1657 59 the the DT 31627 1657 60 rest rest NN 31627 1657 61 of of IN 31627 1657 62 the the DT 31627 1657 63 geological geological JJ 31627 1657 64 structures structure NNS 31627 1657 65 of of IN 31627 1657 66 the the DT 31627 1657 67 regions region NNS 31627 1657 68 which which WDT 31627 1657 69 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1657 70 traverse traverse VBP 31627 1657 71 . . . 31627 1657 72 " " '' 31627 1658 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1658 2 is be VBZ 31627 1658 3 clear clear JJ 31627 1658 4 that that IN 31627 1658 5 the the DT 31627 1658 6 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1658 7 referred refer VBD 31627 1658 8 to to TO 31627 1658 9 belong belong VB 31627 1658 10 to to IN 31627 1658 11 one one CD 31627 1658 12 great great JJ 31627 1658 13 system system NN 31627 1658 14 of of IN 31627 1658 15 eruption eruption NN 31627 1658 16 or or CC 31627 1658 17 intrusion intrusion NN 31627 1658 18 ; ; : 31627 1658 19 and and CC 31627 1658 20 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1658 21 may may MD 31627 1658 22 be be VB 31627 1658 23 regarded regard VBN 31627 1658 24 as as IN 31627 1658 25 the the DT 31627 1658 26 manifestation manifestation NN 31627 1658 27 of of IN 31627 1658 28 the the DT 31627 1658 29 final final JJ 31627 1658 30 effort effort NN 31627 1658 31 of of IN 31627 1658 32 internal internal JJ 31627 1658 33 forces force NNS 31627 1658 34 over over IN 31627 1658 35 this this DT 31627 1658 36 region region NN 31627 1658 37 of of IN 31627 1658 38 the the DT 31627 1658 39 British british JJ 31627 1658 40 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1658 41 . . . 31627 1659 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 1659 2 testify testify VBP 31627 1659 3 to to IN 31627 1659 4 the the DT 31627 1659 5 existence existence NN 31627 1659 6 of of IN 31627 1659 7 a a DT 31627 1659 8 continuous continuous JJ 31627 1659 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1659 10 magma magma NN 31627 1659 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1659 12 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1659 13 or or CC 31627 1659 14 shell shell NNP 31627 1659 15 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1659 16 of of IN 31627 1659 17 augitic augitic JJ 31627 1659 18 lava lava NN 31627 1659 19 beneath beneath IN 31627 1659 20 the the DT 31627 1659 21 crust crust NN 31627 1659 22 ; ; , 31627 1659 23 and and CC 31627 1659 24 as as IN 31627 1659 25 the the DT 31627 1659 26 aggregate aggregate JJ 31627 1659 27 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1659 28 extent extent NN 31627 1659 29 of of IN 31627 1659 30 all all PDT 31627 1659 31 these these DT 31627 1659 32 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1659 33 , , , 31627 1659 34 or or CC 31627 1659 35 of of IN 31627 1659 36 the the DT 31627 1659 37 fissures fissure NNS 31627 1659 38 which which WDT 31627 1659 39 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1659 40 fill fill VBP 31627 1659 41 , , , 31627 1659 42 must must MD 31627 1659 43 be be VB 31627 1659 44 very very RB 31627 1659 45 considerable considerable JJ 31627 1659 46 , , , 31627 1659 47 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1659 48 is be VBZ 31627 1659 49 clear clear JJ 31627 1659 50 that that IN 31627 1659 51 the the DT 31627 1659 52 crust crust NN 31627 1659 53 through through IN 31627 1659 54 which which WDT 31627 1659 55 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1659 56 have have VBP 31627 1659 57 been be VBN 31627 1659 58 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1659 59 has have VBZ 31627 1659 60 received receive VBN 31627 1659 61 an an DT 31627 1659 62 accession accession NN 31627 1659 63 of of IN 31627 1659 64 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1659 65 space space NN 31627 1659 66 , , , 31627 1659 67 and and CC 31627 1659 68 has have VBZ 31627 1659 69 been be VBN 31627 1659 70 fissured fissure VBN 31627 1659 71 by by IN 31627 1659 72 forces force NNS 31627 1659 73 acting act VBG 31627 1659 74 from from IN 31627 1659 75 beneath beneath RB 31627 1659 76 , , , 31627 1659 77 as as IN 31627 1659 78 the the DT 31627 1659 79 late late JJ 31627 1659 80 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1659 81 Hopkins Hopkins NNP 31627 1659 82 , , , 31627 1659 83 of of IN 31627 1659 84 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 31627 1659 85 , , , 31627 1659 86 had have VBD 31627 1659 87 explained explain VBN 31627 1659 88 on on IN 31627 1659 89 mechanical mechanical JJ 31627 1659 90 grounds ground NNS 31627 1659 91 in in IN 31627 1659 92 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1659 93 elaborate elaborate JJ 31627 1659 94 essay essay NN 31627 1659 95 many many JJ 31627 1659 96 years year NNS 31627 1659 97 ago ago RB 31627 1659 98 . . . 31627 1660 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1660 2 10 10 CD 31627 1660 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1660 4 This this DT 31627 1660 5 view view NN 31627 1660 6 occurred occur VBD 31627 1660 7 to to IN 31627 1660 8 myself -PRON- PRP 31627 1660 9 when when WRB 31627 1660 10 examining examine VBG 31627 1660 11 the the DT 31627 1660 12 region region NN 31627 1660 13 of of IN 31627 1660 14 the the DT 31627 1660 15 North North NNP 31627 1660 16 - - HYPH 31627 1660 17 east east NN 31627 1660 18 of of IN 31627 1660 19 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1660 20 , , , 31627 1660 21 but but CC 31627 1660 22 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1660 23 was be VBD 31627 1660 24 not not RB 31627 1660 25 then then RB 31627 1660 26 aware aware JJ 31627 1660 27 that that IN 31627 1660 28 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1660 29 had have VBD 31627 1660 30 been be VBN 31627 1660 31 dealt deal VBN 31627 1660 32 with with IN 31627 1660 33 on on IN 31627 1660 34 mathematical mathematical JJ 31627 1660 35 principles principle NNS 31627 1660 36 by by IN 31627 1660 37 so so RB 31627 1660 38 eminent eminent JJ 31627 1660 39 a a DT 31627 1660 40 mathematician mathematician NN 31627 1660 41 . . . 31627 1661 1 The the DT 31627 1661 2 bulging bulging NN 31627 1661 3 of of IN 31627 1661 4 the the DT 31627 1661 5 crust crust NN 31627 1661 6 is be VBZ 31627 1661 7 a a DT 31627 1661 8 necessary necessary JJ 31627 1661 9 consequence consequence NN 31627 1661 10 of of IN 31627 1661 11 the the DT 31627 1661 12 absence absence NN 31627 1661 13 of of IN 31627 1661 14 plication plication NN 31627 1661 15 of of IN 31627 1661 16 the the DT 31627 1661 17 strata strata NN 31627 1661 18 due due IN 31627 1661 19 to to IN 31627 1661 20 the the DT 31627 1661 21 extrusion extrusion NN 31627 1661 22 of of IN 31627 1661 23 this this DT 31627 1661 24 enormous enormous JJ 31627 1661 25 quantity quantity NN 31627 1661 26 of of IN 31627 1661 27 molten molten JJ 31627 1661 28 lava lava NN 31627 1661 29 ; ; : 31627 1661 30 and and CC 31627 1661 31 the the DT 31627 1661 32 intrusion intrusion NN 31627 1661 33 of of IN 31627 1661 34 thousands thousand NNS 31627 1661 35 of of IN 31627 1661 36 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1661 37 over over IN 31627 1661 38 the the DT 31627 1661 39 North North NNP 31627 1661 40 - - HYPH 31627 1661 41 east east NN 31627 1661 42 of of IN 31627 1661 43 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1661 44 , , , 31627 1661 45 unaccompanied unaccompanied JJ 31627 1661 46 by by IN 31627 1661 47 foldings folding NNS 31627 1661 48 of of IN 31627 1661 49 the the DT 31627 1661 50 strata strata NN 31627 1661 51 , , , 31627 1661 52 must must MD 31627 1661 53 have have VB 31627 1661 54 added add VBN 31627 1661 55 a a DT 31627 1661 56 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1661 57 space space NN 31627 1661 58 of of IN 31627 1661 59 several several JJ 31627 1661 60 thousand thousand CD 31627 1661 61 feet foot NNS 31627 1661 62 to to IN 31627 1661 63 that that DT 31627 1661 64 region region NN 31627 1661 65 . . . 31627 1662 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1662 2 11 11 CD 31627 1662 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1662 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1662 5 1 1 LS 31627 1662 6 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1662 7 A a DT 31627 1662 8 peculiar peculiar JJ 31627 1662 9 form form NN 31627 1662 10 of of IN 31627 1662 11 crystalline crystalline NN 31627 1662 12 quartz quartz NN 31627 1662 13 first first RB 31627 1662 14 recognized recognize VBN 31627 1662 15 in in IN 31627 1662 16 this this DT 31627 1662 17 rock rock NN 31627 1662 18 by by IN 31627 1662 19 a a DT 31627 1662 20 distinguished distinguished JJ 31627 1662 21 German german JJ 31627 1662 22 petrologist petrologist NN 31627 1662 23 , , , 31627 1662 24 the the DT 31627 1662 25 late late JJ 31627 1662 26 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 1662 27 A. A. NNP 31627 1662 28 von von NNP 31627 1662 29 Lasaulx Lasaulx NNP 31627 1662 30 , , , 31627 1662 31 who who WP 31627 1662 32 visited visit VBD 31627 1662 33 the the DT 31627 1662 34 district district NN 31627 1662 35 in in IN 31627 1662 36 1876 1876 CD 31627 1662 37 . . . 31627 1663 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1663 2 2 2 CD 31627 1663 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1663 4 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1663 5 A. A. NNP 31627 1663 6 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1663 7 has have VBZ 31627 1663 8 disputed dispute VBN 31627 1663 9 the the DT 31627 1663 10 correctness correctness NN 31627 1663 11 of of IN 31627 1663 12 the the DT 31627 1663 13 view view NN 31627 1663 14 , , , 31627 1663 15 which which WDT 31627 1663 16 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1663 17 advocated advocate VBD 31627 1663 18 as as IN 31627 1663 19 far far RB 31627 1663 20 back back RB 31627 1663 21 as as IN 31627 1663 22 1874 1874 CD 31627 1663 23 , , , 31627 1663 24 that that IN 31627 1663 25 the the DT 31627 1663 26 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1663 27 lavas lavas NN 31627 1663 28 of of IN 31627 1663 29 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1663 30 are be VBP 31627 1663 31 the the DT 31627 1663 32 earliest early JJS 31627 1663 33 products product NNS 31627 1663 34 of of IN 31627 1663 35 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1663 36 action action NN 31627 1663 37 ; ; : 31627 1663 38 but but CC 31627 1663 39 at at IN 31627 1663 40 the the DT 31627 1663 41 time time NN 31627 1663 42 he -PRON- PRP 31627 1663 43 wrote write VBD 31627 1663 44 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1663 45 paper paper NN 31627 1663 46 on on IN 31627 1663 47 the the DT 31627 1663 48 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1663 49 history history NN 31627 1663 50 of of IN 31627 1663 51 these these DT 31627 1663 52 islands island NNS 31627 1663 53 , , , 31627 1663 54 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1663 55 was be VBD 31627 1663 56 not not RB 31627 1663 57 known know VBN 31627 1663 58 that that IN 31627 1663 59 pebbles pebble NNS 31627 1663 60 of of IN 31627 1663 61 this this DT 31627 1663 62 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1663 63 are be VBP 31627 1663 64 largely largely RB 31627 1663 65 distributed distribute VBN 31627 1663 66 amongst amongst IN 31627 1663 67 the the DT 31627 1663 68 ash ash NN 31627 1663 69 - - HYPH 31627 1663 70 beds bed NNS 31627 1663 71 which which WDT 31627 1663 72 occur occur VBP 31627 1663 73 in in IN 31627 1663 74 the the DT 31627 1663 75 very very JJ 31627 1663 76 midst midst NN 31627 1663 77 of of IN 31627 1663 78 the the DT 31627 1663 79 overlying overlie VBG 31627 1663 80 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1663 81 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1663 82 , , , 31627 1663 83 as as IN 31627 1663 84 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1663 85 shall shall MD 31627 1663 86 have have VB 31627 1663 87 to to TO 31627 1663 88 explain explain VB 31627 1663 89 later later RB 31627 1663 90 on on RB 31627 1663 91 . . . 31627 1664 1 This this DT 31627 1664 2 discovery discovery NN 31627 1664 3 puts put VBZ 31627 1664 4 the the DT 31627 1664 5 question question NN 31627 1664 6 at at IN 31627 1664 7 rest rest NN 31627 1664 8 as as IN 31627 1664 9 regards regard VBZ 31627 1664 10 the the DT 31627 1664 11 relations relation NNS 31627 1664 12 of of IN 31627 1664 13 the the DT 31627 1664 14 two two CD 31627 1664 15 sets set NNS 31627 1664 16 of of IN 31627 1664 17 rocks rock NNS 31627 1664 18 . . . 31627 1665 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1665 2 3 3 LS 31627 1665 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1665 4 This this DT 31627 1665 5 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1665 6 section section NN 31627 1665 7 at at IN 31627 1665 8 the the DT 31627 1665 9 chalk chalk JJ 31627 1665 10 quarries quarry NNS 31627 1665 11 of of IN 31627 1665 12 Templepatrick Templepatrick NNP 31627 1665 13 the the DT 31627 1665 14 author author NN 31627 1665 15 has have VBZ 31627 1665 16 figured figure VBN 31627 1665 17 and and CC 31627 1665 18 described describe VBN 31627 1665 19 in in IN 31627 1665 20 the the DT 31627 1665 21 _ _ NNP 31627 1665 22 Physical Physical NNP 31627 1665 23 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1665 24 and and CC 31627 1665 25 Geography Geography NNP 31627 1665 26 of of IN 31627 1665 27 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1665 28 _ _ NNP 31627 1665 29 , , , 31627 1665 30 p. p. NN 31627 1665 31 99 99 CD 31627 1665 32 , , , 31627 1665 33 2nd 2nd JJ 31627 1665 34 edit edit NN 31627 1665 35 . . . 31627 1666 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1666 2 1891 1891 CD 31627 1666 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1666 4 , , , 31627 1666 5 where where WRB 31627 1666 6 the the DT 31627 1666 7 reader reader NN 31627 1666 8 will will MD 31627 1666 9 find find VB 31627 1666 10 the the DT 31627 1666 11 subject subject NN 31627 1666 12 discussed discuss VBN 31627 1666 13 more more RBR 31627 1666 14 fully fully RB 31627 1666 15 than than IN 31627 1666 16 can can MD 31627 1666 17 be be VB 31627 1666 18 done do VBN 31627 1666 19 here here RB 31627 1666 20 . . . 31627 1667 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1667 2 4 4 LS 31627 1667 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1667 4 These these DT 31627 1667 5 pebbles pebble NNS 31627 1667 6 were be VBD 31627 1667 7 first first RB 31627 1667 8 noticed notice VBN 31627 1667 9 by by IN 31627 1667 10 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1667 11 McHenry McHenry NNP 31627 1667 12 , , , 31627 1667 13 of of IN 31627 1667 14 the the DT 31627 1667 15 Irish Irish NNP 31627 1667 16 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1667 17 Survey Survey NNP 31627 1667 18 , , , 31627 1667 19 in in IN 31627 1667 20 1890 1890 CD 31627 1667 21 . . . 31627 1668 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1668 2 5 5 LS 31627 1668 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1668 4 The the DT 31627 1668 5 vertical vertical JJ 31627 1668 6 position position NN 31627 1668 7 of of IN 31627 1668 8 the the DT 31627 1668 9 columns column NNS 31627 1668 10 of of IN 31627 1668 11 the the DT 31627 1668 12 Giant Giant NNP 31627 1668 13 's 's POS 31627 1668 14 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 1668 15 is be VBZ 31627 1668 16 rather rather RB 31627 1668 17 enigmatical enigmatical JJ 31627 1668 18 . . . 31627 1669 1 The the DT 31627 1669 2 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 1669 3 can can MD 31627 1669 4 not not RB 31627 1669 5 be be VB 31627 1669 6 a a DT 31627 1669 7 dyke dyke NN 31627 1669 8 , , , 31627 1669 9 as as IN 31627 1669 10 has have VBZ 31627 1669 11 often often RB 31627 1669 12 been be VBN 31627 1669 13 supposed suppose VBN 31627 1669 14 , , , 31627 1669 15 otherwise otherwise RB 31627 1669 16 the the DT 31627 1669 17 columns column NNS 31627 1669 18 would would MD 31627 1669 19 have have VB 31627 1669 20 been be VBN 31627 1669 21 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1669 22 , , , 31627 1669 23 _ _ NNP 31627 1669 24 i.e. i.e. FW 31627 1669 25 _ _ NNP 31627 1669 26 , , , 31627 1669 27 at at IN 31627 1669 28 right right JJ 31627 1669 29 angles angle NNS 31627 1669 30 to to IN 31627 1669 31 the the DT 31627 1669 32 sides side NNS 31627 1669 33 of of IN 31627 1669 34 the the DT 31627 1669 35 dyke dyke NN 31627 1669 36 . . . 31627 1670 1 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1670 2 R. R. NNP 31627 1670 3 G. G. NNP 31627 1670 4 Symes Symes NNP 31627 1670 5 , , , 31627 1670 6 of of IN 31627 1670 7 the the DT 31627 1670 8 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1670 9 Survey Survey NNP 31627 1670 10 , , , 31627 1670 11 has have VBZ 31627 1670 12 suggested suggest VBN 31627 1670 13 that that IN 31627 1670 14 the the DT 31627 1670 15 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 1670 16 columns column NNS 31627 1670 17 have have VBP 31627 1670 18 been be VBN 31627 1670 19 vertically vertically RB 31627 1670 20 lowered lower VBN 31627 1670 21 between between IN 31627 1670 22 two two CD 31627 1670 23 lines line NNS 31627 1670 24 of of IN 31627 1670 25 fault fault NN 31627 1670 26 , , , 31627 1670 27 and and CC 31627 1670 28 that that IN 31627 1670 29 originally originally RB 31627 1670 30 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1670 31 formed form VBD 31627 1670 32 a a DT 31627 1670 33 portion portion NN 31627 1670 34 of of IN 31627 1670 35 the the DT 31627 1670 36 tier tier NN 31627 1670 37 of of IN 31627 1670 38 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 1670 39 columns column NNS 31627 1670 40 seen see VBN 31627 1670 41 in in IN 31627 1670 42 the the DT 31627 1670 43 cliff cliff NN 31627 1670 44 above above RB 31627 1670 45 , , , 31627 1670 46 and and CC 31627 1670 47 known know VBN 31627 1670 48 as as IN 31627 1670 49 " " `` 31627 1670 50 The the DT 31627 1670 51 Organ Organ NNP 31627 1670 52 . . . 31627 1670 53 " " '' 31627 1671 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1671 2 6 6 CD 31627 1671 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1671 4 Sleamish Sleamish NNP 31627 1671 5 and and CC 31627 1671 6 several several JJ 31627 1671 7 other other JJ 31627 1671 8 of of IN 31627 1671 9 the the DT 31627 1671 10 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1671 11 vents vent NNS 31627 1671 12 are be VBP 31627 1671 13 described describe VBN 31627 1671 14 by by IN 31627 1671 15 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1671 16 A. A. NNP 31627 1671 17 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1671 18 in in IN 31627 1671 19 the the DT 31627 1671 20 monograph monograph NN 31627 1671 21 already already RB 31627 1671 22 referred refer VBD 31627 1671 23 to to IN 31627 1671 24 , , , 31627 1671 25 _ _ NNP 31627 1671 26 loc loc NNP 31627 1671 27 . . . 31627 1672 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1672 2 . . . 31627 1672 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1672 4 , , , 31627 1672 5 p. p. NN 31627 1672 6 101 101 CD 31627 1672 7 , , , 31627 1672 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1672 9 et et NNP 31627 1672 10 seq seq NN 31627 1672 11 . . . 31627 1672 12 _ _ NNP 31627 1672 13 Also also RB 31627 1672 14 in in IN 31627 1672 15 the the DT 31627 1672 16 _ _ NNP 31627 1672 17 Expl Expl NNP 31627 1672 18 . . . 31627 1673 1 Memoirs memoir NNS 31627 1673 2 of of IN 31627 1673 3 the the DT 31627 1673 4 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1673 5 Survey Survey NNP 31627 1673 6 of of IN 31627 1673 7 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1673 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1673 9 . . . 31627 1674 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1674 2 7 7 LS 31627 1674 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1674 4 A a DT 31627 1674 5 diagrammatised diagrammatise VBN 31627 1674 6 section section NN 31627 1674 7 of of IN 31627 1674 8 the the DT 31627 1674 9 Carrick Carrick NNP 31627 1674 10 - - HYPH 31627 1674 11 a a DT 31627 1674 12 - - HYPH 31627 1674 13 raide raide NN 31627 1674 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1674 15 neck neck NN 31627 1674 16 is be VBZ 31627 1674 17 given give VBN 31627 1674 18 by by IN 31627 1674 19 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1674 20 A. A. NNP 31627 1674 21 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1674 22 , , , 31627 1674 23 _ _ NNP 31627 1674 24 loc loc NNP 31627 1674 25 . . . 31627 1675 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1675 2 . . . 31627 1675 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1675 4 , , , 31627 1675 5 p. p. NN 31627 1675 6 105 105 CD 31627 1675 7 . . . 31627 1676 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1676 2 8 8 CD 31627 1676 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1676 4 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1676 5 , , , 31627 1676 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1676 7 loc loc NN 31627 1676 8 . . . 31627 1677 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1677 2 . . . 31627 1677 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1677 4 , , , 31627 1677 5 p. p. NN 31627 1677 6 29 29 CD 31627 1677 7 , , , 31627 1677 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1677 9 et et NNP 31627 1677 10 seq seq NN 31627 1677 11 . . . 31627 1677 12 _ _ NNP 31627 1677 13 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1677 14 9 9 CD 31627 1677 15 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1677 16 P. P. NNP 31627 1677 17 32 32 CD 31627 1677 18 . . . 31627 1678 1 The the DT 31627 1678 2 view view NN 31627 1678 3 that that IN 31627 1678 4 the the DT 31627 1678 5 crust crust NN 31627 1678 6 of of IN 31627 1678 7 the the DT 31627 1678 8 earth earth NN 31627 1678 9 has have VBZ 31627 1678 10 been be VBN 31627 1678 11 horizontally horizontally RB 31627 1678 12 extended extend VBN 31627 1678 13 by by IN 31627 1678 14 the the DT 31627 1678 15 intrusion intrusion NN 31627 1678 16 of of IN 31627 1678 17 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1678 18 is be VBZ 31627 1678 19 noticed notice VBN 31627 1678 20 by by IN 31627 1678 21 McCulloch McCulloch NNP 31627 1678 22 in in IN 31627 1678 23 reference reference NN 31627 1678 24 to to IN 31627 1678 25 the the DT 31627 1678 26 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1678 27 of of IN 31627 1678 28 Skye Skye NNP 31627 1678 29 . . . 31627 1679 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1679 2 10 10 CD 31627 1679 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1679 4 Hopkins Hopkins NNP 31627 1679 5 , , , 31627 1679 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1679 7 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 31627 1679 8 Phil Phil NNP 31627 1679 9 . . . 31627 1680 1 Trans Trans NNPS 31627 1680 2 . . . 31627 1680 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1680 4 , , , 31627 1680 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1680 6 . . . 31627 1681 1 vi vi NNP 31627 1681 2 . . . 31627 1682 1 p. p. NN 31627 1682 2 1 1 CD 31627 1682 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1682 4 1836 1836 CD 31627 1682 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1682 6 . . . 31627 1683 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1683 2 11 11 CD 31627 1683 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1683 4 As as IN 31627 1683 5 suggested suggest VBN 31627 1683 6 in in IN 31627 1683 7 my -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1683 8 Presidential Presidential NNP 31627 1683 9 Address Address NNP 31627 1683 10 to to IN 31627 1683 11 Section Section NNP 31627 1683 12 C. C. NNP 31627 1683 13 of of IN 31627 1683 14 the the DT 31627 1683 15 British British NNP 31627 1683 16 Association Association NNP 31627 1683 17 at at IN 31627 1683 18 Belfast Belfast NNP 31627 1683 19 , , , 31627 1683 20 1874 1874 CD 31627 1683 21 . . . 31627 1684 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1684 2 III III NNP 31627 1684 3 . . . 31627 1685 1 ISLAND ISLAND NNP 31627 1685 2 OF of IN 31627 1685 3 MULL MULL NNP 31627 1685 4 AND and CC 31627 1685 5 ADJOINING ADJOINING NNP 31627 1685 6 COAST COAST NNP 31627 1685 7 . . . 31627 1686 1 The the DT 31627 1686 2 Island Island NNP 31627 1686 3 of of IN 31627 1686 4 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1686 5 , , , 31627 1686 6 with with IN 31627 1686 7 the the DT 31627 1686 8 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 1686 9 districts district NNS 31627 1686 10 of of IN 31627 1686 11 Morvern Morvern NNP 31627 1686 12 and and CC 31627 1686 13 Ardnamurchan Ardnamurchan NNP 31627 1686 14 , , , 31627 1686 15 forms form VBZ 31627 1686 16 the the DT 31627 1686 17 more more RBR 31627 1686 18 southern southern JJ 31627 1686 19 of of IN 31627 1686 20 the the DT 31627 1686 21 two two CD 31627 1686 22 chief chief JJ 31627 1686 23 centres centre NNS 31627 1686 24 of of IN 31627 1686 25 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1686 26 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1686 27 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1686 28 in in IN 31627 1686 29 the the DT 31627 1686 30 West West NNP 31627 1686 31 of of IN 31627 1686 32 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1686 33 , , , 31627 1686 34 that that DT 31627 1686 35 of of IN 31627 1686 36 Skye Skye NNS 31627 1686 37 being be VBG 31627 1686 38 the the DT 31627 1686 39 more more RBR 31627 1686 40 northern northern JJ 31627 1686 41 . . . 31627 1687 1 These these DT 31627 1687 2 districts district NNS 31627 1687 3 have have VBP 31627 1687 4 been be VBN 31627 1687 5 the the DT 31627 1687 6 subject subject NN 31627 1687 7 of of IN 31627 1687 8 critical critical JJ 31627 1687 9 and and CC 31627 1687 10 detailed detailed JJ 31627 1687 11 study study NN 31627 1687 12 by by IN 31627 1687 13 several several JJ 31627 1687 14 geologists geologist NNS 31627 1687 15 , , , 31627 1687 16 from from IN 31627 1687 17 McCulloch McCulloch NNP 31627 1687 18 down down RB 31627 1687 19 to to IN 31627 1687 20 the the DT 31627 1687 21 present present JJ 31627 1687 22 day day NN 31627 1687 23 ; ; : 31627 1687 24 and and CC 31627 1687 25 amongst amongst IN 31627 1687 26 the the DT 31627 1687 27 more more RBR 31627 1687 28 recent recent JJ 31627 1687 29 , , , 31627 1687 30 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1687 31 Archibald Archibald NNP 31627 1687 32 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1687 33 and and CC 31627 1687 34 Professor Professor NNP 31627 1687 35 Judd Judd NNP 31627 1687 36 hold hold VBP 31627 1687 37 the the DT 31627 1687 38 chief chief JJ 31627 1687 39 place place NN 31627 1687 40 . . . 31627 1688 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 31627 1688 2 , , , 31627 1688 3 the the DT 31627 1688 4 interpretation interpretation NN 31627 1688 5 of of IN 31627 1688 6 the the DT 31627 1688 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1688 8 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1688 9 by by IN 31627 1688 10 these these DT 31627 1688 11 two two CD 31627 1688 12 accomplished accomplished JJ 31627 1688 13 observers observer NNS 31627 1688 14 has have VBZ 31627 1688 15 led lead VBN 31627 1688 16 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1688 17 to to IN 31627 1688 18 very very RB 31627 1688 19 different different JJ 31627 1688 20 conclusions conclusion NNS 31627 1688 21 as as IN 31627 1688 22 regards regard VBZ 31627 1688 23 several several JJ 31627 1688 24 important important JJ 31627 1688 25 points point NNS 31627 1688 26 in in IN 31627 1688 27 the the DT 31627 1688 28 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1688 29 history history NN 31627 1688 30 of of IN 31627 1688 31 these these DT 31627 1688 32 groups group NNS 31627 1688 33 of of IN 31627 1688 34 islands island NNS 31627 1688 35 ; ; : 31627 1688 36 as as IN 31627 1688 37 , , , 31627 1688 38 for for IN 31627 1688 39 example example NN 31627 1688 40 , , , 31627 1688 41 regarding regard VBG 31627 1688 42 the the DT 31627 1688 43 relative relative JJ 31627 1688 44 ages age NNS 31627 1688 45 of of IN 31627 1688 46 the the DT 31627 1688 47 plateau plateau NNP 31627 1688 48 - - HYPH 31627 1688 49 basalts basalt NNS 31627 1688 50 and and CC 31627 1688 51 the the DT 31627 1688 52 acid acid NN 31627 1688 53 rocks rock NNS 31627 1688 54 , , , 31627 1688 55 such such JJ 31627 1688 56 as as IN 31627 1688 57 the the DT 31627 1688 58 trachytes trachytes NNPS 31627 1688 59 and and CC 31627 1688 60 granophyres granophyre NNS 31627 1688 61 ; ; : 31627 1688 62 again again RB 31627 1688 63 as as IN 31627 1688 64 regards regard VBZ 31627 1688 65 the the DT 31627 1688 66 presence presence NN 31627 1688 67 of of IN 31627 1688 68 distinct distinct JJ 31627 1688 69 centres centre NNS 31627 1688 70 of of IN 31627 1688 71 eruption eruption NN 31627 1688 72 ; ; , 31627 1688 73 and and CC 31627 1688 74 also also RB 31627 1688 75 as as IN 31627 1688 76 regards regard VBZ 31627 1688 77 the the DT 31627 1688 78 relations relation NNS 31627 1688 79 of of IN 31627 1688 80 the the DT 31627 1688 81 gabbros gabbro NNS 31627 1688 82 of of IN 31627 1688 83 Skye Skye NNPS 31627 1688 84 to to IN 31627 1688 85 the the DT 31627 1688 86 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1688 87 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1688 88 . . . 31627 1689 1 Such such JJ 31627 1689 2 being be VBG 31627 1689 3 the the DT 31627 1689 4 case case NN 31627 1689 5 , , , 31627 1689 6 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1689 7 would would MD 31627 1689 8 appear appear VB 31627 1689 9 the the DT 31627 1689 10 height height NN 31627 1689 11 of of IN 31627 1689 12 rashness rashness NN 31627 1689 13 on on IN 31627 1689 14 the the DT 31627 1689 15 part part NN 31627 1689 16 of of IN 31627 1689 17 the the DT 31627 1689 18 writer writer NN 31627 1689 19 , , , 31627 1689 20 especially especially RB 31627 1689 21 in in IN 31627 1689 22 the the DT 31627 1689 23 absence absence NN 31627 1689 24 of of IN 31627 1689 25 a a DT 31627 1689 26 detailed detailed JJ 31627 1689 27 examination examination NN 31627 1689 28 of of IN 31627 1689 29 the the DT 31627 1689 30 sections section NNS 31627 1689 31 over over IN 31627 1689 32 the the DT 31627 1689 33 whole whole JJ 31627 1689 34 region region NN 31627 1689 35 , , , 31627 1689 36 to to TO 31627 1689 37 venture venture VB 31627 1689 38 on on IN 31627 1689 39 a a DT 31627 1689 40 statement statement NN 31627 1689 41 of of IN 31627 1689 42 opinion opinion NN 31627 1689 43 regarding regard VBG 31627 1689 44 the the DT 31627 1689 45 points point NNS 31627 1689 46 at at IN 31627 1689 47 issue issue NN 31627 1689 48 ; ; : 31627 1689 49 and and CC 31627 1689 50 he -PRON- PRP 31627 1689 51 must must MD 31627 1689 52 , , , 31627 1689 53 therefore therefore RB 31627 1689 54 , , , 31627 1689 55 content content VB 31627 1689 56 himself -PRON- PRP 31627 1689 57 with with IN 31627 1689 58 a a DT 31627 1689 59 brief brief JJ 31627 1689 60 account account NN 31627 1689 61 of of IN 31627 1689 62 the the DT 31627 1689 63 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1689 64 as as IN 31627 1689 65 gathered gather VBD 31627 1689 66 from from IN 31627 1689 67 a a DT 31627 1689 68 perusal perusal NN 31627 1689 69 of of IN 31627 1689 70 the the DT 31627 1689 71 writings writing NNS 31627 1689 72 of of IN 31627 1689 73 these these DT 31627 1689 74 and and CC 31627 1689 75 other other JJ 31627 1689 76 observers,[1 observers,[1 LS 31627 1689 77 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1689 78 guided guide VBN 31627 1689 79 also also RB 31627 1689 80 to to IN 31627 1689 81 some some DT 31627 1689 82 extent extent NN 31627 1689 83 by by IN 31627 1689 84 the the DT 31627 1689 85 analogous analogous JJ 31627 1689 86 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1689 87 presented present VBN 31627 1689 88 by by IN 31627 1689 89 the the DT 31627 1689 90 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1689 91 region region NN 31627 1689 92 of of IN 31627 1689 93 the the DT 31627 1689 94 North North NNP 31627 1689 95 - - HYPH 31627 1689 96 east east NN 31627 1689 97 of of IN 31627 1689 98 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1689 99 . . . 31627 1690 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1690 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1690 3 a. a. NN 31627 1690 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1690 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1690 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1690 7 General General NNP 31627 1690 8 Features._--As features._--as NN 31627 1690 9 in in IN 31627 1690 10 the the DT 31627 1690 11 case case NN 31627 1690 12 of of IN 31627 1690 13 the the DT 31627 1690 14 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1690 15 district district NN 31627 1690 16 , , , 31627 1690 17 the the DT 31627 1690 18 Island Island NNP 31627 1690 19 of of IN 31627 1690 20 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1690 21 and and CC 31627 1690 22 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 1690 23 tracts tract NNS 31627 1690 24 present present VBP 31627 1690 25 us -PRON- PRP 31627 1690 26 with with IN 31627 1690 27 the the DT 31627 1690 28 spectacle spectacle NN 31627 1690 29 of of IN 31627 1690 30 a a DT 31627 1690 31 vast vast JJ 31627 1690 32 accumulation accumulation NN 31627 1690 33 of of IN 31627 1690 34 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1690 35 lava lava NN 31627 1690 36 - - HYPH 31627 1690 37 flows flow NNS 31627 1690 38 , , , 31627 1690 39 piled pile VBD 31627 1690 40 layer layer NN 31627 1690 41 upon upon IN 31627 1690 42 layer layer NN 31627 1690 43 , , , 31627 1690 44 with with IN 31627 1690 45 intervening intervene VBG 31627 1690 46 beds bed NNS 31627 1690 47 of of IN 31627 1690 48 bole bole NNP 31627 1690 49 and and CC 31627 1690 50 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1690 51 , , , 31627 1690 52 up up IN 31627 1690 53 to to IN 31627 1690 54 a a DT 31627 1690 55 thickness thickness NN 31627 1690 56 , , , 31627 1690 57 according accord VBG 31627 1690 58 to to IN 31627 1690 59 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1690 60 , , , 31627 1690 61 of of IN 31627 1690 62 about about IN 31627 1690 63 3,500 3,500 CD 31627 1690 64 feet foot NNS 31627 1690 65 . . . 31627 1691 1 At at IN 31627 1691 2 the the DT 31627 1691 3 grand grand JJ 31627 1691 4 headland headland NN 31627 1691 5 of of IN 31627 1691 6 Gribon Gribon NNP 31627 1691 7 , , , 31627 1691 8 on on IN 31627 1691 9 the the DT 31627 1691 10 west west NNP 31627 1691 11 coast coast NNP 31627 1691 12 , , , 31627 1691 13 the the DT 31627 1691 14 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1691 15 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1691 16 are be VBP 31627 1691 17 seen see VBN 31627 1691 18 to to TO 31627 1691 19 rise rise VB 31627 1691 20 in in IN 31627 1691 21 one one CD 31627 1691 22 sheer sheer JJ 31627 1691 23 sweep sweep NN 31627 1691 24 to to IN 31627 1691 25 a a DT 31627 1691 26 height height NN 31627 1691 27 of of IN 31627 1691 28 1,600 1,600 CD 31627 1691 29 feet foot NNS 31627 1691 30 , , , 31627 1691 31 and and CC 31627 1691 32 then then RB 31627 1691 33 to to TO 31627 1691 34 stretch stretch VB 31627 1691 35 away away RB 31627 1691 36 with with IN 31627 1691 37 a a DT 31627 1691 38 slight slight JJ 31627 1691 39 easterly easterly JJ 31627 1691 40 dip dip NN 31627 1691 41 under under IN 31627 1691 42 Ben Ben NNP 31627 1691 43 More More JJR 31627 1691 44 at at IN 31627 1691 45 a a DT 31627 1691 46 distance distance NN 31627 1691 47 of of IN 31627 1691 48 some some DT 31627 1691 49 eight eight CD 31627 1691 50 miles mile NNS 31627 1691 51 . . . 31627 1692 1 This this DT 31627 1692 2 mountain mountain NN 31627 1692 3 , , , 31627 1692 4 the the DT 31627 1692 5 upper upper JJ 31627 1692 6 part part NN 31627 1692 7 of of IN 31627 1692 8 which which WDT 31627 1692 9 is be VBZ 31627 1692 10 formed form VBN 31627 1692 11 of of IN 31627 1692 12 beds bed NNS 31627 1692 13 of of IN 31627 1692 14 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1692 15 , , , 31627 1692 16 reaches reach VBZ 31627 1692 17 an an DT 31627 1692 18 elevation elevation NN 31627 1692 19 of of IN 31627 1692 20 3,169 3,169 CD 31627 1692 21 feet foot NNS 31627 1692 22 , , , 31627 1692 23 so so IN 31627 1692 24 that that IN 31627 1692 25 the the DT 31627 1692 26 accumulated accumulated JJ 31627 1692 27 thickness thickness NN 31627 1692 28 of of IN 31627 1692 29 the the DT 31627 1692 30 beds bed NNS 31627 1692 31 of of IN 31627 1692 32 basalt basalt NN 31627 1692 33 under under IN 31627 1692 34 the the DT 31627 1692 35 higher high JJR 31627 1692 36 part part NN 31627 1692 37 of of IN 31627 1692 38 the the DT 31627 1692 39 mountain mountain NN 31627 1692 40 must must MD 31627 1692 41 be be VB 31627 1692 42 at at IN 31627 1692 43 least least JJS 31627 1692 44 equal equal JJ 31627 1692 45 to to IN 31627 1692 46 the the DT 31627 1692 47 amount amount NN 31627 1692 48 stated state VBN 31627 1692 49 above above RB 31627 1692 50 -- -- : 31627 1692 51 that that RB 31627 1692 52 is be VBZ 31627 1692 53 , , , 31627 1692 54 twice twice RB 31627 1692 55 as as RB 31627 1692 56 great great JJ 31627 1692 57 as as IN 31627 1692 58 the the DT 31627 1692 59 representative representative JJ 31627 1692 60 masses masse NNS 31627 1692 61 of of IN 31627 1692 62 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1692 63 . . . 31627 1693 1 The the DT 31627 1693 2 base base NN 31627 1693 3 of of IN 31627 1693 4 the the DT 31627 1693 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1693 6 series series NN 31627 1693 7 is be VBZ 31627 1693 8 seen see VBN 31627 1693 9 at at IN 31627 1693 10 Carsaig Carsaig NNP 31627 1693 11 and and CC 31627 1693 12 Gribon Gribon NNP 31627 1693 13 to to TO 31627 1693 14 rest rest VB 31627 1693 15 on on IN 31627 1693 16 Cretaceous cretaceous JJ 31627 1693 17 and and CC 31627 1693 18 Jurassic Jurassic NNP 31627 1693 19 rocks rock NNS 31627 1693 20 , , , 31627 1693 21 like like IN 31627 1693 22 those those DT 31627 1693 23 of of IN 31627 1693 24 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1693 25 ; ; : 31627 1693 26 hence hence RB 31627 1693 27 the the DT 31627 1693 28 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1693 29 age age NN 31627 1693 30 is be VBZ 31627 1693 31 fully fully RB 31627 1693 32 established establish VBN 31627 1693 33 by by IN 31627 1693 34 the the DT 31627 1693 35 evidence evidence NN 31627 1693 36 of of IN 31627 1693 37 superposition superposition NN 31627 1693 38 . . . 31627 1694 1 This this DT 31627 1694 2 was be VBD 31627 1694 3 further further RB 31627 1694 4 confirmed confirm VBN 31627 1694 5 by by IN 31627 1694 6 the the DT 31627 1694 7 discovery discovery NN 31627 1694 8 by by IN 31627 1694 9 the the DT 31627 1694 10 Duke Duke NNP 31627 1694 11 of of IN 31627 1694 12 Argyll,[2 Argyll,[2 NNP 31627 1694 13 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1694 14 some some DT 31627 1694 15 years year NNS 31627 1694 16 ago ago RB 31627 1694 17 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1694 18 1850 1850 CD 31627 1694 19 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1694 20 , , , 31627 1694 21 of of IN 31627 1694 22 bands band NNS 31627 1694 23 of of IN 31627 1694 24 flint flint NN 31627 1694 25 - - HYPH 31627 1694 26 gravel gravel NN 31627 1694 27 and and CC 31627 1694 28 tuff tuff NN 31627 1694 29 , , , 31627 1694 30 with with IN 31627 1694 31 dicotyledonous dicotyledonous JJ 31627 1694 32 leaves leave NNS 31627 1694 33 amongst amongst IN 31627 1694 34 the the DT 31627 1694 35 basalts basalt NNS 31627 1694 36 of of IN 31627 1694 37 Ardtun Ardtun NNP 31627 1694 38 Head Head NNP 31627 1694 39 . . . 31627 1695 1 The the DT 31627 1695 2 basement basement NN 31627 1695 3 beds bed NNS 31627 1695 4 of of IN 31627 1695 5 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1695 6 and and CC 31627 1695 7 gravel gravel NN 31627 1695 8 contain contain NN 31627 1695 9 , , , 31627 1695 10 besides besides IN 31627 1695 11 pebbles pebble NNS 31627 1695 12 of of IN 31627 1695 13 flint flint NN 31627 1695 14 and and CC 31627 1695 15 chalk chalk NN 31627 1695 16 , , , 31627 1695 17 others other NNS 31627 1695 18 of of IN 31627 1695 19 sanidine sanidine CD 31627 1695 20 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1695 21 , , , 31627 1695 22 showing show VBG 31627 1695 23 that that DT 31627 1695 24 highly highly RB 31627 1695 25 acid acid JJ 31627 1695 26 lavas lavas NN 31627 1695 27 had have VBD 31627 1695 28 been be VBN 31627 1695 29 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1695 30 and and CC 31627 1695 31 consolidated consolidate VBN 31627 1695 32 before before IN 31627 1695 33 the the DT 31627 1695 34 first first JJ 31627 1695 35 eruption eruption NN 31627 1695 36 of of IN 31627 1695 37 the the DT 31627 1695 38 plateau plateau NN 31627 1695 39 - - HYPH 31627 1695 40 basalts basalts NNP 31627 1695 41 ; ; : 31627 1695 42 another another DT 31627 1695 43 point point NN 31627 1695 44 of of IN 31627 1695 45 analogy analogy NN 31627 1695 46 between between IN 31627 1695 47 the the DT 31627 1695 48 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1695 49 phenomenon phenomenon NN 31627 1695 50 of of IN 31627 1695 51 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1695 52 and and CC 31627 1695 53 the the DT 31627 1695 54 Inner Inner NNP 31627 1695 55 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 1695 56 . . . 31627 1696 1 These these DT 31627 1696 2 great great JJ 31627 1696 3 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1696 4 of of IN 31627 1696 5 augitic augitic JJ 31627 1696 6 lava lava NN 31627 1696 7 extend extend VBP 31627 1696 8 over over IN 31627 1696 9 the the DT 31627 1696 10 whole whole NN 31627 1696 11 of of IN 31627 1696 12 the the DT 31627 1696 13 northern northern JJ 31627 1696 14 tract tract NN 31627 1696 15 of of IN 31627 1696 16 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1696 17 , , , 31627 1696 18 the the DT 31627 1696 19 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1696 20 of of IN 31627 1696 21 Ulva Ulva NNP 31627 1696 22 and and CC 31627 1696 23 Staffa Staffa NNP 31627 1696 24 , , , 31627 1696 25 and and CC 31627 1696 26 for for IN 31627 1696 27 a a DT 31627 1696 28 distance distance NN 31627 1696 29 of of IN 31627 1696 30 several several JJ 31627 1696 31 miles mile NNS 31627 1696 32 inwards inwards RB 31627 1696 33 from from IN 31627 1696 34 the the DT 31627 1696 35 northern northern JJ 31627 1696 36 shore shore NN 31627 1696 37 of of IN 31627 1696 38 the the DT 31627 1696 39 Sound Sound NNP 31627 1696 40 of of IN 31627 1696 41 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1696 42 , , , 31627 1696 43 covering cover VBG 31627 1696 44 the the DT 31627 1696 45 wild wild JJ 31627 1696 46 moorlands moorland NNS 31627 1696 47 of of IN 31627 1696 48 Morvern Morvern NNP 31627 1696 49 and and CC 31627 1696 50 Ardnamurchan Ardnamurchan NNP 31627 1696 51 , , , 31627 1696 52 where where WRB 31627 1696 53 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1696 54 terminate terminate VBP 31627 1696 55 in in IN 31627 1696 56 escarpments escarpment NNS 31627 1696 57 and and CC 31627 1696 58 outlying outlying JJ 31627 1696 59 masses masse NNS 31627 1696 60 , , , 31627 1696 61 indicating indicate VBG 31627 1696 62 an an DT 31627 1696 63 originally originally RB 31627 1696 64 much much RB 31627 1696 65 more more RBR 31627 1696 66 extended extended JJ 31627 1696 67 range range NN 31627 1696 68 than than IN 31627 1696 69 at at IN 31627 1696 70 the the DT 31627 1696 71 present present JJ 31627 1696 72 day day NN 31627 1696 73 . . . 31627 1697 1 The the DT 31627 1697 2 summits summit NNS 31627 1697 3 of of IN 31627 1697 4 Ben Ben NNP 31627 1697 5 More More NNP 31627 1697 6 and and CC 31627 1697 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1697 8 neighbouring neighbouring NN 31627 1697 9 height height NN 31627 1697 10 , , , 31627 1697 11 Ben Ben NNP 31627 1697 12 Buy Buy NNP 31627 1697 13 , , , 31627 1697 14 are be VBP 31627 1697 15 formed form VBN 31627 1697 16 of of IN 31627 1697 17 beds bed NNS 31627 1697 18 of of IN 31627 1697 19 ash ash NN 31627 1697 20 and and CC 31627 1697 21 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1697 22 . . . 31627 1698 1 The the DT 31627 1698 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1698 3 plateau plateau NN 31627 1698 4 is be VBZ 31627 1698 5 , , , 31627 1698 6 according accord VBG 31627 1698 7 to to IN 31627 1698 8 Judd Judd NNP 31627 1698 9 , , , 31627 1698 10 abruptly abruptly RB 31627 1698 11 terminated terminate VBN 31627 1698 12 along along IN 31627 1698 13 the the DT 31627 1698 14 southern southern JJ 31627 1698 15 side side NN 31627 1698 16 by by IN 31627 1698 17 a a DT 31627 1698 18 large large JJ 31627 1698 19 vault vault NN 31627 1698 20 , , , 31627 1698 21 bringing bring VBG 31627 1698 22 the the DT 31627 1698 23 basalt basalt NN 31627 1698 24 in in IN 31627 1698 25 contact contact NN 31627 1698 26 with with IN 31627 1698 27 Palæozoic Palæozoic NNP 31627 1698 28 rocks rock NNS 31627 1698 29 . . . 31627 1699 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1699 2 3 3 CD 31627 1699 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1699 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1699 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1699 6 b. b. NNP 31627 1699 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1699 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1699 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1699 10 Granophyres._--The Granophyres._--The NNP 31627 1699 11 greater great JJR 31627 1699 12 part part NN 31627 1699 13 of of IN 31627 1699 14 the the DT 31627 1699 15 tract tract NN 31627 1699 16 lying lie VBG 31627 1699 17 to to IN 31627 1699 18 the the DT 31627 1699 19 south south NN 31627 1699 20 of of IN 31627 1699 21 Loch Loch NNP 31627 1699 22 na na IN 31627 1699 23 Keal Keal NNP 31627 1699 24 , , , 31627 1699 25 which which WDT 31627 1699 26 almost almost RB 31627 1699 27 divides divide VBZ 31627 1699 28 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1699 29 into into IN 31627 1699 30 two two CD 31627 1699 31 islands island NNS 31627 1699 32 , , , 31627 1699 33 and and CC 31627 1699 34 extending extend VBG 31627 1699 35 southwards southward NNS 31627 1699 36 and and CC 31627 1699 37 eastwards eastward NNS 31627 1699 38 to to IN 31627 1699 39 the the DT 31627 1699 40 shores shore NNS 31627 1699 41 of of IN 31627 1699 42 the the DT 31627 1699 43 Firth Firth NNP 31627 1699 44 of of IN 31627 1699 45 Lorn Lorn NNP 31627 1699 46 and and CC 31627 1699 47 the the DT 31627 1699 48 Sound sound NN 31627 1699 49 of of IN 31627 1699 50 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1699 51 , , , 31627 1699 52 is be VBZ 31627 1699 53 formed form VBN 31627 1699 54 of of IN 31627 1699 55 a a DT 31627 1699 56 peculiar peculiar JJ 31627 1699 57 group group NN 31627 1699 58 of of IN 31627 1699 59 acid acid NNP 31627 1699 60 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1699 61 or or CC 31627 1699 62 highly highly RB 31627 1699 63 silicated silicated JJ 31627 1699 64 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1699 65 rocks rock NNS 31627 1699 66 , , , 31627 1699 67 classed class VBN 31627 1699 68 under under IN 31627 1699 69 the the DT 31627 1699 70 general general JJ 31627 1699 71 term term NN 31627 1699 72 of of IN 31627 1699 73 " " `` 31627 1699 74 Granophyres Granophyres NNPS 31627 1699 75 . . . 31627 1699 76 " " '' 31627 1700 1 These these DT 31627 1700 2 rocks rock NNS 31627 1700 3 approach approach VBP 31627 1700 4 towards towards IN 31627 1700 5 true true JJ 31627 1700 6 granites granite NNS 31627 1700 7 in in IN 31627 1700 8 one one CD 31627 1700 9 direction direction NN 31627 1700 10 , , , 31627 1700 11 and and CC 31627 1700 12 through through IN 31627 1700 13 quartz quartz NN 31627 1700 14 - - HYPH 31627 1700 15 porphyry porphyry NN 31627 1700 16 and and CC 31627 1700 17 felsite felsite NN 31627 1700 18 to to TO 31627 1700 19 rhyolite rhyolite VB 31627 1700 20 in in IN 31627 1700 21 another another DT 31627 1700 22 -- -- : 31627 1700 23 probably probably RB 31627 1700 24 depending depend VBG 31627 1700 25 upon upon IN 31627 1700 26 the the DT 31627 1700 27 conditions condition NNS 31627 1700 28 of of IN 31627 1700 29 cooling cooling NN 31627 1700 30 and and CC 31627 1700 31 consolidation consolidation NN 31627 1700 32 . . . 31627 1701 1 In in IN 31627 1701 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1701 3 mode mode NN 31627 1701 4 of of IN 31627 1701 5 weathering weathering NN 31627 1701 6 and and CC 31627 1701 7 general general JJ 31627 1701 8 appearance appearance NN 31627 1701 9 on on IN 31627 1701 10 a a DT 31627 1701 11 large large JJ 31627 1701 12 scale scale NN 31627 1701 13 , , , 31627 1701 14 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1701 15 present present VBP 31627 1701 16 a a DT 31627 1701 17 marked mark VBN 31627 1701 18 contrast contrast NN 31627 1701 19 to to IN 31627 1701 20 the the DT 31627 1701 21 basic basic JJ 31627 1701 22 lavas lavas NN 31627 1701 23 with with IN 31627 1701 24 which which WDT 31627 1701 25 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1701 26 are be VBP 31627 1701 27 in in IN 31627 1701 28 contact contact NN 31627 1701 29 from from IN 31627 1701 30 the the DT 31627 1701 31 coast coast NN 31627 1701 32 of of IN 31627 1701 33 L. L. NNP 31627 1701 34 na na NNP 31627 1701 35 Keal Keal NNP 31627 1701 36 to to IN 31627 1701 37 that that DT 31627 1701 38 of of IN 31627 1701 39 L. L. NNP 31627 1701 40 Buy Buy NNP 31627 1701 41 . . . 31627 1702 1 The the DT 31627 1702 2 nature nature NN 31627 1702 3 of of IN 31627 1702 4 this this DT 31627 1702 5 contact contact NN 31627 1702 6 , , , 31627 1702 7 whether whether IN 31627 1702 8 indicating indicate VBG 31627 1702 9 the the DT 31627 1702 10 priority priority NN 31627 1702 11 of of IN 31627 1702 12 the the DT 31627 1702 13 granophyres granophyre NNS 31627 1702 14 to to IN 31627 1702 15 the the DT 31627 1702 16 plateau plateau NN 31627 1702 17 - - HYPH 31627 1702 18 basalts basalt NNS 31627 1702 19 or or CC 31627 1702 20 otherwise otherwise RB 31627 1702 21 , , , 31627 1702 22 is be VBZ 31627 1702 23 a a DT 31627 1702 24 matter matter NN 31627 1702 25 of of IN 31627 1702 26 dispute dispute NN 31627 1702 27 between between IN 31627 1702 28 the the DT 31627 1702 29 two two CD 31627 1702 30 observers observer NNS 31627 1702 31 above above IN 31627 1702 32 named name VBN 31627 1702 33 ; ; : 31627 1702 34 but but CC 31627 1702 35 the the DT 31627 1702 36 circumstantial circumstantial JJ 31627 1702 37 account account NN 31627 1702 38 given give VBN 31627 1702 39 by by IN 31627 1702 40 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1702 41 A. A. NNP 31627 1702 42 Geikie,[4 Geikie,[4 NNP 31627 1702 43 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1702 44 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 1702 45 by by IN 31627 1702 46 drawings drawing NNS 31627 1702 47 of of IN 31627 1702 48 special special JJ 31627 1702 49 sections section NNS 31627 1702 50 showing show VBG 31627 1702 51 this this DT 31627 1702 52 contact contact NN 31627 1702 53 , , , 31627 1702 54 appears appear VBZ 31627 1702 55 to to TO 31627 1702 56 prove prove VB 31627 1702 57 that that IN 31627 1702 58 the the DT 31627 1702 59 granophyre granophyre NN 31627 1702 60 is be VBZ 31627 1702 61 the the DT 31627 1702 62 newer new JJR 31627 1702 63 of of IN 31627 1702 64 the the DT 31627 1702 65 two two CD 31627 1702 66 masses masse NNS 31627 1702 67 of of IN 31627 1702 68 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1702 69 rock rock NN 31627 1702 70 , , , 31627 1702 71 and and CC 31627 1702 72 that that IN 31627 1702 73 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1702 74 has have VBZ 31627 1702 75 been be VBN 31627 1702 76 intruded intrude VBN 31627 1702 77 amongst amongst IN 31627 1702 78 the the DT 31627 1702 79 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1702 80 - - HYPH 31627 1702 81 lavas lavas NN 31627 1702 82 at at IN 31627 1702 83 a a DT 31627 1702 84 late late JJ 31627 1702 85 period period NN 31627 1702 86 in in IN 31627 1702 87 the the DT 31627 1702 88 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1702 89 history history NN 31627 1702 90 of of IN 31627 1702 91 these these DT 31627 1702 92 islands island NNS 31627 1702 93 . . . 31627 1703 1 A a DT 31627 1703 2 copy copy NN 31627 1703 3 of of IN 31627 1703 4 one one CD 31627 1703 5 of of IN 31627 1703 6 these these DT 31627 1703 7 sketches sketch NNS 31627 1703 8 is be VBZ 31627 1703 9 here here RB 31627 1703 10 given give VBN 31627 1703 11 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1703 12 Fig fig NN 31627 1703 13 . . . 31627 1704 1 33 33 CD 31627 1704 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1704 3 , , , 31627 1704 4 according accord VBG 31627 1704 5 to to IN 31627 1704 6 which which WDT 31627 1704 7 the the DT 31627 1704 8 felsite felsite NN 31627 1704 9 is be VBZ 31627 1704 10 shown show VBN 31627 1704 11 to to TO 31627 1704 12 penetrate penetrate VB 31627 1704 13 the the DT 31627 1704 14 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1704 15 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1704 16 at at IN 31627 1704 17 Alt Alt NNP 31627 1704 18 na na NNP 31627 1704 19 Searmoin Searmoin NNP 31627 1704 20 in in IN 31627 1704 21 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1704 22 ; ; : 31627 1704 23 other other JJ 31627 1704 24 sections section NNS 31627 1704 25 seen see VBN 31627 1704 26 at at IN 31627 1704 27 Cruach Cruach NNP 31627 1704 28 Torr Torr NNP 31627 1704 29 an an DT 31627 1704 30 Lochain Lochain NNP 31627 1704 31 , , , 31627 1704 32 and and CC 31627 1704 33 on on IN 31627 1704 34 the the DT 31627 1704 35 south south JJ 31627 1704 36 side side NN 31627 1704 37 of of IN 31627 1704 38 Beinn Beinn NNP 31627 1704 39 Fada Fada NNP 31627 1704 40 , , , 31627 1704 41 appear appear VB 31627 1704 42 to to TO 31627 1704 43 lead lead VB 31627 1704 44 to to IN 31627 1704 45 similar similar JJ 31627 1704 46 conclusions conclusion NNS 31627 1704 47 . . . 31627 1705 1 These these DT 31627 1705 2 rocks rock NNS 31627 1705 3 are be VBP 31627 1705 4 penetrated penetrate VBN 31627 1705 5 by by IN 31627 1705 6 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1705 7 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1705 8 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1705 9 . . . 31627 1706 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1706 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1706 3 : : : 31627 1706 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1706 5 . . . 31627 1707 1 33.--Section 33.--section CD 31627 1707 2 at at IN 31627 1707 3 Alt Alt NNP 31627 1707 4 na na NNP 31627 1707 5 Searmoin Searmoin NNP 31627 1707 6 , , , 31627 1707 7 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1707 8 , , , 31627 1707 9 to to TO 31627 1707 10 show show VB 31627 1707 11 the the DT 31627 1707 12 intrusion intrusion NN 31627 1707 13 of of IN 31627 1707 14 felsite felsite NN 31627 1707 15 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1707 16 or or CC 31627 1707 17 granophyre granophyre NNP 31627 1707 18 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1707 19 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1707 20 _ _ NNP 31627 1707 21 b b NNP 31627 1707 22 _ _ NNP 31627 1707 23 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1707 24 into into IN 31627 1707 25 basalt basalt NN 31627 1707 26 and and CC 31627 1707 27 dolerite dolerite NNP 31627 1707 28 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1707 29 _ _ NNP 31627 1707 30 a a DT 31627 1707 31 _ _ NNP 31627 1707 32 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1707 33 of of IN 31627 1707 34 the the DT 31627 1707 35 plateau plateau NN 31627 1707 36 - - HYPH 31627 1707 37 basalt basalt NN 31627 1707 38 series.--(Geikie series.--(geikie ADD 31627 1707 39 . . . 31627 1707 40 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1707 41 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1708 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1708 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1708 3 c. c. NNP 31627 1708 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1708 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1708 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1708 7 Representative Representative NNP 31627 1708 8 Rocks Rocks NNPS 31627 1708 9 of of IN 31627 1708 10 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 1708 11 and and CC 31627 1708 12 Carlingford Carlingford NNP 31627 1708 13 , , , 31627 1708 14 Ireland._--Assuming Ireland._--Assuming NNP 31627 1708 15 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1708 16 A. A. NNP 31627 1708 17 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1708 18 's 's POS 31627 1708 19 view view NN 31627 1708 20 to to TO 31627 1708 21 be be VB 31627 1708 22 correct correct JJ 31627 1708 23 , , , 31627 1708 24 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1708 25 is be VBZ 31627 1708 26 possible possible JJ 31627 1708 27 that that IN 31627 1708 28 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1708 29 may may MD 31627 1708 30 have have VB 31627 1708 31 in in IN 31627 1708 32 the the DT 31627 1708 33 granite granite NN 31627 1708 34 and and CC 31627 1708 35 quartz quartz NN 31627 1708 36 - - HYPH 31627 1708 37 porphyries porphyry NNS 31627 1708 38 of of IN 31627 1708 39 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 1708 40 and and CC 31627 1708 41 Carlingford Carlingford NNP 31627 1708 42 representatives representative NNS 31627 1708 43 of of IN 31627 1708 44 the the DT 31627 1708 45 granites granite NNS 31627 1708 46 , , , 31627 1708 47 granophyres granophyre NNS 31627 1708 48 , , , 31627 1708 49 and and CC 31627 1708 50 other other JJ 31627 1708 51 acid acid JJ 31627 1708 52 rocks rock NNS 31627 1708 53 of of IN 31627 1708 54 the the DT 31627 1708 55 later later JJ 31627 1708 56 period period NN 31627 1708 57 of of IN 31627 1708 58 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1708 59 . . . 31627 1709 1 The the DT 31627 1709 2 granite granite NN 31627 1709 3 of of IN 31627 1709 4 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 1709 5 is be VBZ 31627 1709 6 peculiar peculiar JJ 31627 1709 7 in in IN 31627 1709 8 structure structure NN 31627 1709 9 , , , 31627 1709 10 and and CC 31627 1709 11 differs differ NNS 31627 1709 12 from from IN 31627 1709 13 the the DT 31627 1709 14 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 1709 15 type type NN 31627 1709 16 of of IN 31627 1709 17 that that DT 31627 1709 18 rock rock NN 31627 1709 19 in in IN 31627 1709 20 which which WDT 31627 1709 21 the the DT 31627 1709 22 silica silica NN 31627 1709 23 forms form VBZ 31627 1709 24 the the DT 31627 1709 25 ground ground NN 31627 1709 26 mass mass NN 31627 1709 27 . . . 31627 1710 1 In in IN 31627 1710 2 the the DT 31627 1710 3 case case NN 31627 1710 4 of of IN 31627 1710 5 the the DT 31627 1710 6 granite granite NN 31627 1710 7 of of IN 31627 1710 8 the the DT 31627 1710 9 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 1710 10 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 1710 11 , , , 31627 1710 12 the the DT 31627 1710 13 rock rock NN 31627 1710 14 consists consist VBZ 31627 1710 15 of of IN 31627 1710 16 a a DT 31627 1710 17 crystalline crystalline NN 31627 1710 18 granular granular JJ 31627 1710 19 aggregate aggregate NN 31627 1710 20 of of IN 31627 1710 21 orthoclase orthoclase NN 31627 1710 22 , , , 31627 1710 23 albite albite RB 31627 1710 24 , , , 31627 1710 25 smoke smoke NN 31627 1710 26 - - HYPH 31627 1710 27 quartz quartz NN 31627 1710 28 , , , 31627 1710 29 and and CC 31627 1710 30 mica mica NNP 31627 1710 31 ; ; : 31627 1710 32 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1710 33 is be VBZ 31627 1710 34 also also RB 31627 1710 35 full full JJ 31627 1710 36 of of IN 31627 1710 37 drusy drusy NN 31627 1710 38 cavities cavity NNS 31627 1710 39 , , , 31627 1710 40 in in IN 31627 1710 41 which which WDT 31627 1710 42 the the DT 31627 1710 43 various various JJ 31627 1710 44 minerals mineral NNS 31627 1710 45 crystallise crystallise VBP 31627 1710 46 out out RP 31627 1710 47 in in IN 31627 1710 48 very very RB 31627 1710 49 perfect perfect JJ 31627 1710 50 form form NN 31627 1710 51 . . . 31627 1711 1 As as RB 31627 1711 2 far far RB 31627 1711 3 as as IN 31627 1711 4 regards regard VBZ 31627 1711 5 direct direct JJ 31627 1711 6 evidence evidence NN 31627 1711 7 , , , 31627 1711 8 the the DT 31627 1711 9 age age NN 31627 1711 10 of of IN 31627 1711 11 this this DT 31627 1711 12 rock rock NN 31627 1711 13 can can MD 31627 1711 14 only only RB 31627 1711 15 be be VB 31627 1711 16 stated state VBN 31627 1711 17 to to TO 31627 1711 18 be be VB 31627 1711 19 post post JJ 31627 1711 20 - - JJ 31627 1711 21 Carboniferous carboniferous JJ 31627 1711 22 , , , 31627 1711 23 and and CC 31627 1711 24 earlier early JJR 31627 1711 25 than than IN 31627 1711 26 certain certain JJ 31627 1711 27 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1711 28 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1711 29 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1711 30 by by IN 31627 1711 31 which which WDT 31627 1711 32 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1711 33 is be VBZ 31627 1711 34 traversed traverse VBN 31627 1711 35 . . . 31627 1712 1 The the DT 31627 1712 2 granophyres granophyre NNS 31627 1712 3 of of IN 31627 1712 4 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1712 5 are be VBP 31627 1712 6 traversed traverse VBN 31627 1712 7 by by IN 31627 1712 8 similar similar JJ 31627 1712 9 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1712 10 , , , 31627 1712 11 which which WDT 31627 1712 12 are be VBP 31627 1712 13 representatives representative NNS 31627 1712 14 of of IN 31627 1712 15 the the DT 31627 1712 16 very very RB 31627 1712 17 latest late JJS 31627 1712 18 stage stage NN 31627 1712 19 of of IN 31627 1712 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1712 21 action action NN 31627 1712 22 in in IN 31627 1712 23 the the DT 31627 1712 24 British british JJ 31627 1712 25 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 1712 26 . . . 31627 1713 1 The the DT 31627 1713 2 author author NN 31627 1713 3 is be VBZ 31627 1713 4 therefore therefore RB 31627 1713 5 inclined inclined JJ 31627 1713 6 to to TO 31627 1713 7 concur concur VB 31627 1713 8 with with IN 31627 1713 9 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1713 10 A. A. NNP 31627 1713 11 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1713 12 in in IN 31627 1713 13 assigning assigning NN 31627 1713 14 to to IN 31627 1713 15 the the DT 31627 1713 16 granite granite NN 31627 1713 17 of of IN 31627 1713 18 the the DT 31627 1713 19 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 1713 20 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 1713 21 , , , 31627 1713 22 and and CC 31627 1713 23 the the DT 31627 1713 24 representative representative JJ 31627 1713 25 felsitic felsitic JJ 31627 1713 26 rocks rock NNS 31627 1713 27 of of IN 31627 1713 28 the the DT 31627 1713 29 Carlingford Carlingford NNP 31627 1713 30 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 1713 31 , , , 31627 1713 32 a a DT 31627 1713 33 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1713 34 age age NN 31627 1713 35 -- -- : 31627 1713 36 in in IN 31627 1713 37 which which WDT 31627 1713 38 case case NN 31627 1713 39 the the DT 31627 1713 40 analogy analogy NN 31627 1713 41 between between IN 31627 1713 42 the the DT 31627 1713 43 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1713 44 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1713 45 of of IN 31627 1713 46 the the DT 31627 1713 47 Inner Inner NNP 31627 1713 48 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 1713 49 and and CC 31627 1713 50 of of IN 31627 1713 51 the the DT 31627 1713 52 North North NNP 31627 1713 53 - - HYPH 31627 1713 54 east east NN 31627 1713 55 of of IN 31627 1713 56 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1713 57 would would MD 31627 1713 58 seem seem VB 31627 1713 59 to to TO 31627 1713 60 be be VB 31627 1713 61 complete complete JJ 31627 1713 62 . . . 31627 1714 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1714 2 5 5 CD 31627 1714 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1714 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1714 5 1 1 CD 31627 1714 6 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1714 7 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1714 8 , , , 31627 1714 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1714 10 Proc Proc NNP 31627 1714 11 . . . 31627 1715 1 Roy Roy NNP 31627 1715 2 . . . 31627 1716 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1716 2 . . . 31627 1717 1 Edinburgh Edinburgh NNP 31627 1717 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1717 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1717 4 1867 1867 CD 31627 1717 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1717 6 ; ; : 31627 1717 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1717 8 Brit Brit NNP 31627 1717 9 . . . 31627 1718 1 Assoc Assoc NNP 31627 1718 2 . . . 31627 1719 1 Rep. Rep. NNP 31627 1719 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1719 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1719 4 Dundee Dundee NNP 31627 1719 5 , , , 31627 1719 6 1867 1867 CD 31627 1719 7 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1719 8 ; ; : 31627 1719 9 " " `` 31627 1719 10 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1719 11 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1719 12 Rocks rock NNS 31627 1719 13 of of IN 31627 1719 14 the the DT 31627 1719 15 British british JJ 31627 1719 16 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1719 17 , , , 31627 1719 18 " " '' 31627 1719 19 _ _ NNP 31627 1719 20 Quart Quart NNP 31627 1719 21 . . . 31627 1720 1 Journ Journ NNP 31627 1720 2 . . . 31627 1721 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1721 2 . . . 31627 1722 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1722 2 . . . 31627 1722 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1722 4 , , , 31627 1722 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1722 6 . . . 31627 1723 1 xxvii xxvii NNP 31627 1723 2 . . . 31627 1724 1 p. p. NN 31627 1724 2 279 279 CD 31627 1724 3 ; ; : 31627 1724 4 also also RB 31627 1724 5 , , , 31627 1724 6 " " `` 31627 1724 7 History history NN 31627 1724 8 of of IN 31627 1724 9 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1724 10 Action Action NNP 31627 1724 11 in in IN 31627 1724 12 British british JJ 31627 1724 13 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1724 14 , , , 31627 1724 15 " " `` 31627 1724 16 _ _ NNP 31627 1724 17 Trans Trans NNP 31627 1724 18 . . . 31627 1725 1 Roy Roy NNP 31627 1725 2 . . . 31627 1726 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1726 2 . . . 31627 1727 1 Edin Edin NNP 31627 1727 2 . . . 31627 1727 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1727 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1727 5 1888 1888 CD 31627 1727 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1727 7 ; ; : 31627 1727 8 Judd Judd NNP 31627 1727 9 , , , 31627 1727 10 " " `` 31627 1727 11 On on IN 31627 1727 12 the the DT 31627 1727 13 Ancient Ancient NNP 31627 1727 14 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 1727 15 of of IN 31627 1727 16 the the DT 31627 1727 17 Highlands Highlands NNPS 31627 1727 18 , , , 31627 1727 19 " " '' 31627 1727 20 etc etc FW 31627 1727 21 . . . 31627 1727 22 , , , 31627 1727 23 _ _ NNP 31627 1727 24 Quart Quart NNP 31627 1727 25 . . . 31627 1728 1 Journ Journ NNP 31627 1728 2 . . . 31627 1729 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1729 2 . . . 31627 1730 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1730 2 . . . 31627 1730 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1730 4 , , , 31627 1730 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1730 6 . . . 31627 1731 1 xxx xxx NNP 31627 1731 2 . . . 31627 1732 1 p. p. NN 31627 1732 2 233 233 CD 31627 1732 3 ; ; : 31627 1732 4 and and CC 31627 1732 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1732 6 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 1732 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1732 8 , , , 31627 1732 9 p. p. NN 31627 1732 10 139 139 CD 31627 1732 11 . . . 31627 1733 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1733 2 2 2 LS 31627 1733 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1733 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1733 5 Brit Brit NNP 31627 1733 6 . . . 31627 1734 1 Assoc Assoc NNP 31627 1734 2 . . . 31627 1735 1 Rep. Rep. NNP 31627 1735 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1735 3 for for IN 31627 1735 4 1850 1850 CD 31627 1735 5 , , , 31627 1735 6 p. p. NN 31627 1735 7 70 70 CD 31627 1735 8 . . . 31627 1736 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1736 2 3 3 LS 31627 1736 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1736 4 Judd Judd NNP 31627 1736 5 , , , 31627 1736 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1736 7 Quart Quart NNP 31627 1736 8 . . . 31627 1737 1 Jour Jour NNP 31627 1737 2 . . . 31627 1738 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1738 2 . . . 31627 1739 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1739 2 . . . 31627 1739 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1739 4 , , , 31627 1739 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1739 6 . . . 31627 1740 1 xxx xxx NNP 31627 1740 2 . . . 31627 1741 1 p. p. NN 31627 1741 2 242 242 CD 31627 1741 3 . . . 31627 1742 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1742 2 4 4 CD 31627 1742 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1742 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1742 5 History history NN 31627 1742 6 of of IN 31627 1742 7 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1742 8 Action Action NNP 31627 1742 9 , , , 31627 1742 10 etc etc FW 31627 1742 11 . . . 31627 1742 12 _ _ NNP 31627 1742 13 , , , 31627 1742 14 _ _ NNP 31627 1742 15 loc loc NNP 31627 1742 16 . . . 31627 1743 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1743 2 . . . 31627 1743 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1743 4 p. p. NN 31627 1743 5 153 153 CD 31627 1743 6 , , , 31627 1743 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1743 8 et et NNP 31627 1743 9 seq seq NN 31627 1743 10 . . . 31627 1743 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1743 12 The the DT 31627 1743 13 " " `` 31627 1743 14 Granophyres Granophyres NNPS 31627 1743 15 " " '' 31627 1743 16 of of IN 31627 1743 17 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1743 18 come come VBP 31627 1743 19 under under IN 31627 1743 20 the the DT 31627 1743 21 head head NN 31627 1743 22 of of IN 31627 1743 23 " " `` 31627 1743 24 Felsites Felsites NNP 31627 1743 25 , , , 31627 1743 26 " " '' 31627 1743 27 passing pass VBG 31627 1743 28 into into IN 31627 1743 29 " " `` 31627 1743 30 granite granite NN 31627 1743 31 " " '' 31627 1743 32 in in IN 31627 1743 33 one one CD 31627 1743 34 direction direction NN 31627 1743 35 and and CC 31627 1743 36 quartz quartz NN 31627 1743 37 - - HYPH 31627 1743 38 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1743 39 in in IN 31627 1743 40 another another DT 31627 1743 41 , , , 31627 1743 42 according accord VBG 31627 1743 43 to to IN 31627 1743 44 Judd Judd NNP 31627 1743 45 ; ; : 31627 1743 46 the the DT 31627 1743 47 proportion proportion NN 31627 1743 48 of of IN 31627 1743 49 silica silica NN 31627 1743 50 from from IN 31627 1743 51 69 69 CD 31627 1743 52 to to TO 31627 1743 53 75 75 CD 31627 1743 54 per per IN 31627 1743 55 cent.--_Quart cent.--_quart CD 31627 1743 56 . . . 31627 1744 1 Jour Jour NNP 31627 1744 2 . . . 31627 1745 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1745 2 . . . 31627 1746 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1746 2 . . . 31627 1746 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1746 4 , , , 31627 1746 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1746 6 . . . 31627 1747 1 xxx xxx NNP 31627 1747 2 . . . 31627 1748 1 p. p. NN 31627 1748 2 235 235 CD 31627 1748 3 . . . 31627 1749 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1749 2 5 5 LS 31627 1749 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1749 4 This this DT 31627 1749 5 view view NN 31627 1749 6 the the DT 31627 1749 7 author author NN 31627 1749 8 has have VBZ 31627 1749 9 expressed express VBN 31627 1749 10 in in IN 31627 1749 11 a a DT 31627 1749 12 recent recent JJ 31627 1749 13 edition edition NN 31627 1749 14 of of IN 31627 1749 15 _ _ NNP 31627 1749 16 The the DT 31627 1749 17 Physical Physical NNP 31627 1749 18 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1749 19 of of IN 31627 1749 20 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1749 21 _ _ NNP 31627 1749 22 , , , 31627 1749 23 p. p. NN 31627 1749 24 177 177 CD 31627 1749 25 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1749 26 1891 1891 CD 31627 1749 27 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1749 28 . . . 31627 1750 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1750 2 IV IV NNP 31627 1750 3 . . . 31627 1751 1 ISLE ISLE NNP 31627 1751 2 OF of IN 31627 1751 3 SKYE SKYE NNP 31627 1751 4 . . . 31627 1752 1 This this DT 31627 1752 2 is be VBZ 31627 1752 3 the the DT 31627 1752 4 largest large JJS 31627 1752 5 and and CC 31627 1752 6 most most RBS 31627 1752 7 important important JJ 31627 1752 8 of of IN 31627 1752 9 all all PDT 31627 1752 10 the the DT 31627 1752 11 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1752 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1752 13 districts district NNS 31627 1752 14 , , , 31627 1752 15 but but CC 31627 1752 16 owing owe VBG 31627 1752 17 to to IN 31627 1752 18 the the DT 31627 1752 19 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1752 20 denudation denudation NN 31627 1752 21 to to IN 31627 1752 22 which which WDT 31627 1752 23 , , , 31627 1752 24 in in IN 31627 1752 25 common common JJ 31627 1752 26 with with IN 31627 1752 27 other other JJ 31627 1752 28 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1752 29 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1752 30 regions region NNS 31627 1752 31 of of IN 31627 1752 32 the the DT 31627 1752 33 British British NNP 31627 1752 34 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1752 35 , , , 31627 1752 36 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1752 37 has have VBZ 31627 1752 38 been be VBN 31627 1752 39 subjected subject VBN 31627 1752 40 , , , 31627 1752 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1752 42 present present JJ 31627 1752 43 limits limit NNS 31627 1752 44 are be VBP 31627 1752 45 very very RB 31627 1752 46 restricted restrict VBN 31627 1752 47 comparatively comparatively RB 31627 1752 48 to to IN 31627 1752 49 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1752 50 original original JJ 31627 1752 51 extent extent NN 31627 1752 52 . . . 31627 1753 1 Not not RB 31627 1753 2 only only RB 31627 1753 3 is be VBZ 31627 1753 4 this this DT 31627 1753 5 evident evident JJ 31627 1753 6 from from IN 31627 1753 7 the the DT 31627 1753 8 manner manner NN 31627 1753 9 in in IN 31627 1753 10 which which WDT 31627 1753 11 the the DT 31627 1753 12 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1753 13 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1753 14 terminate terminate VBP 31627 1753 15 along along IN 31627 1753 16 the the DT 31627 1753 17 sea sea NN 31627 1753 18 - - HYPH 31627 1753 19 coast coast NN 31627 1753 20 in in IN 31627 1753 21 grand grand JJ 31627 1753 22 mural mural JJ 31627 1753 23 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1753 24 , , , 31627 1753 25 as as IN 31627 1753 26 opposite opposite JJ 31627 1753 27 " " `` 31627 1753 28 Macleod Macleod NNP 31627 1753 29 's 's POS 31627 1753 30 Maidens Maidens NNP 31627 1753 31 , , , 31627 1753 32 " " '' 31627 1753 33 and and CC 31627 1753 34 at at IN 31627 1753 35 the the DT 31627 1753 36 entrance entrance NN 31627 1753 37 to to IN 31627 1753 38 Lough Lough NNP 31627 1753 39 Bracadale Bracadale NNP 31627 1753 40 on on IN 31627 1753 41 the the DT 31627 1753 42 western western JJ 31627 1753 43 coast coast NN 31627 1753 44 , , , 31627 1753 45 but but CC 31627 1753 46 the the DT 31627 1753 47 evidence evidence NN 31627 1753 48 is be VBZ 31627 1753 49 , , , 31627 1753 50 according accord VBG 31627 1753 51 to to IN 31627 1753 52 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1753 53 A. A. NNP 31627 1753 54 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1753 55 , , , 31627 1753 56 still still RB 31627 1753 57 more more RBR 31627 1753 58 striking striking JJ 31627 1753 59 along along IN 31627 1753 60 the the DT 31627 1753 61 eastern eastern JJ 31627 1753 62 coast coast NNP 31627 1753 63 ; ; , 31627 1753 64 showing show VBG 31627 1753 65 that that IN 31627 1753 66 the the DT 31627 1753 67 Jurassic Jurassic NNP 31627 1753 68 , , , 31627 1753 69 and and CC 31627 1753 70 other other JJ 31627 1753 71 older old JJR 31627 1753 72 rocks rock NNS 31627 1753 73 there there RB 31627 1753 74 visible visible JJ 31627 1753 75 , , , 31627 1753 76 were be VBD 31627 1753 77 originally originally RB 31627 1753 78 buried bury VBN 31627 1753 79 deep deep RB 31627 1753 80 under under IN 31627 1753 81 the the DT 31627 1753 82 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1753 83 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1753 84 which which WDT 31627 1753 85 have have VBP 31627 1753 86 been be VBN 31627 1753 87 stripped strip VBN 31627 1753 88 from from IN 31627 1753 89 off off RP 31627 1753 90 that that DT 31627 1753 91 part part NN 31627 1753 92 of of IN 31627 1753 93 the the DT 31627 1753 94 country country NN 31627 1753 95 . . . 31627 1754 1 These these DT 31627 1754 2 great great JJ 31627 1754 3 plateau plateau NN 31627 1754 4 - - HYPH 31627 1754 5 basalts basalts NN 31627 1754 6 occupy occupy VBP 31627 1754 7 about about RB 31627 1754 8 three three CD 31627 1754 9 - - HYPH 31627 1754 10 fourths fourth NNS 31627 1754 11 of of IN 31627 1754 12 the the DT 31627 1754 13 entire entire JJ 31627 1754 14 island island NN 31627 1754 15 along along IN 31627 1754 16 the the DT 31627 1754 17 western western JJ 31627 1754 18 and and CC 31627 1754 19 northern northern JJ 31627 1754 20 areas area NNS 31627 1754 21 , , , 31627 1754 22 rising rise VBG 31627 1754 23 into into IN 31627 1754 24 terraced terrace VBN 31627 1754 25 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1754 26 over over IN 31627 1754 27 2,000 2,000 CD 31627 1754 28 feet foot NNS 31627 1754 29 in in IN 31627 1754 30 height height NN 31627 1754 31 , , , 31627 1754 32 and and CC 31627 1754 33 are be VBP 31627 1754 34 deeply deeply RB 31627 1754 35 furrowed furrow VBN 31627 1754 36 by by IN 31627 1754 37 glens glen NNS 31627 1754 38 and and CC 31627 1754 39 arms arm NNS 31627 1754 40 of of IN 31627 1754 41 the the DT 31627 1754 42 sea sea NN 31627 1754 43 , , , 31627 1754 44 along along IN 31627 1754 45 which which WDT 31627 1754 46 the the DT 31627 1754 47 general general JJ 31627 1754 48 structure structure NN 31627 1754 49 of of IN 31627 1754 50 the the DT 31627 1754 51 tableland tableland NN 31627 1754 52 is be VBZ 31627 1754 53 laid lay VBN 31627 1754 54 open open JJ 31627 1754 55 , , , 31627 1754 56 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1754 57 for for IN 31627 1754 58 leagues league NNS 31627 1754 59 at at IN 31627 1754 60 a a DT 31627 1754 61 time time NN 31627 1754 62 . . . 31627 1755 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1755 2 is be VBZ 31627 1755 3 towards towards IN 31627 1755 4 the the DT 31627 1755 5 south south JJ 31627 1755 6 - - HYPH 31627 1755 7 eastern eastern JJ 31627 1755 8 part part NN 31627 1755 9 of of IN 31627 1755 10 the the DT 31627 1755 11 island island NN 31627 1755 12 that that WDT 31627 1755 13 the the DT 31627 1755 14 most most RBS 31627 1755 15 interesting interesting JJ 31627 1755 16 and and CC 31627 1755 17 important important JJ 31627 1755 18 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1755 19 are be VBP 31627 1755 20 centred centre VBN 31627 1755 21 ; ; : 31627 1755 22 for for IN 31627 1755 23 here here RB 31627 1755 24 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1755 25 meet meet VBP 31627 1755 26 with with IN 31627 1755 27 representatives representative NNS 31627 1755 28 of of IN 31627 1755 29 the the DT 31627 1755 30 acid acid NN 31627 1755 31 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1755 32 or or CC 31627 1755 33 highly highly RB 31627 1755 34 silicated silicated JJ 31627 1755 35 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1755 36 group group NN 31627 1755 37 of of IN 31627 1755 38 rocks rock NNS 31627 1755 39 , , , 31627 1755 40 and and CC 31627 1755 41 of of IN 31627 1755 42 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1755 43 beds bed NNS 31627 1755 44 of of IN 31627 1755 45 gabbro gabbro NN 31627 1755 46 , , , 31627 1755 47 which which WDT 31627 1755 48 have have VBP 31627 1755 49 long long RB 31627 1755 50 attracted attract VBN 31627 1755 51 the the DT 31627 1755 52 attention attention NN 31627 1755 53 of of IN 31627 1755 54 petrologists petrologist NNS 31627 1755 55 . . . 31627 1756 1 These these DT 31627 1756 2 latter latter JJ 31627 1756 3 beds bed NNS 31627 1756 4 , , , 31627 1756 5 throughout throughout IN 31627 1756 6 a a DT 31627 1756 7 considerable considerable JJ 31627 1756 8 distance distance NN 31627 1756 9 round round IN 31627 1756 10 the the DT 31627 1756 11 flanks flank NNS 31627 1756 12 of of IN 31627 1756 13 the the DT 31627 1756 14 Cuillin Cuillin NNP 31627 1756 15 Hills Hills NNP 31627 1756 16 , , , 31627 1756 17 are be VBP 31627 1756 18 interposed interpose VBN 31627 1756 19 between between IN 31627 1756 20 the the DT 31627 1756 21 acid acid NN 31627 1756 22 rocks rock NNS 31627 1756 23 and and CC 31627 1756 24 the the DT 31627 1756 25 plateau plateau NN 31627 1756 26 - - HYPH 31627 1756 27 basalts basalt NNS 31627 1756 28 ; ; : 31627 1756 29 but but CC 31627 1756 30 towards towards IN 31627 1756 31 the the DT 31627 1756 32 north north NN 31627 1756 33 , , , 31627 1756 34 on on IN 31627 1756 35 approaching approach VBG 31627 1756 36 Lough Lough NNP 31627 1756 37 Sligahan Sligahan NNP 31627 1756 38 , , , 31627 1756 39 the the DT 31627 1756 40 acid acid NN 31627 1756 41 rocks rock NNS 31627 1756 42 , , , 31627 1756 43 consisting consist VBG 31627 1756 44 of of IN 31627 1756 45 granophyres granophyre NNS 31627 1756 46 , , , 31627 1756 47 quartz quartz NN 31627 1756 48 - - HYPH 31627 1756 49 porphyries porphyry NNS 31627 1756 50 , , , 31627 1756 51 and and CC 31627 1756 52 hornblendic hornblendic NNP 31627 1756 53 - - HYPH 31627 1756 54 granitites granitite NNS 31627 1756 55 , , , 31627 1756 56 are be VBP 31627 1756 57 in in IN 31627 1756 58 direct direct JJ 31627 1756 59 contact contact NN 31627 1756 60 with with IN 31627 1756 61 the the DT 31627 1756 62 plateau plateau NN 31627 1756 63 - - HYPH 31627 1756 64 basalts basalt NNS 31627 1756 65 ; ; : 31627 1756 66 and and CC 31627 1756 67 , , , 31627 1756 68 according accord VBG 31627 1756 69 to to IN 31627 1756 70 the the DT 31627 1756 71 very very RB 31627 1756 72 circumstantial circumstantial JJ 31627 1756 73 account account NN 31627 1756 74 of of IN 31627 1756 75 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1756 76 A. A. NNP 31627 1756 77 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1756 78 , , , 31627 1756 79 are be VBP 31627 1756 80 intrusive intrusive JJ 31627 1756 81 into into IN 31627 1756 82 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1756 83 ; ; : 31627 1756 84 not not RB 31627 1756 85 only only RB 31627 1756 86 sending send VBG 31627 1756 87 veins vein NNS 31627 1756 88 into into IN 31627 1756 89 the the DT 31627 1756 90 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1756 91 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1756 92 , , , 31627 1756 93 but but CC 31627 1756 94 also also RB 31627 1756 95 producing produce VBG 31627 1756 96 a a DT 31627 1756 97 marked marked JJ 31627 1756 98 alteration alteration NN 31627 1756 99 in in IN 31627 1756 100 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1756 101 structure structure NN 31627 1756 102 where where WRB 31627 1756 103 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1756 104 approach approach VBP 31627 1756 105 the the DT 31627 1756 106 newer newer RBR 31627 1756 107 intrusive intrusive JJ 31627 1756 108 mass mass NN 31627 1756 109 . . . 31627 1757 1 Equally equally RB 31627 1757 2 circumstantial circumstantial JJ 31627 1757 3 is be VBZ 31627 1757 4 the the DT 31627 1757 5 same same JJ 31627 1757 6 author author NN 31627 1757 7 's 's POS 31627 1757 8 account account NN 31627 1757 9 of of IN 31627 1757 10 the the DT 31627 1757 11 relations relation NNS 31627 1757 12 of of IN 31627 1757 13 the the DT 31627 1757 14 granophyres granophyre NNS 31627 1757 15 to to IN 31627 1757 16 the the DT 31627 1757 17 gabbros,[1 gabbros,[1 NN 31627 1757 18 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1757 19 as as IN 31627 1757 20 seen see VBN 31627 1757 21 at at IN 31627 1757 22 Meall Meall NNP 31627 1757 23 Dearg Dearg NNP 31627 1757 24 and and CC 31627 1757 25 the the DT 31627 1757 26 western western JJ 31627 1757 27 border border NN 31627 1757 28 of of IN 31627 1757 29 the the DT 31627 1757 30 Cuillin Cuillin NNP 31627 1757 31 Hills Hills NNP 31627 1757 32 -- -- : 31627 1757 33 where where WRB 31627 1757 34 the the DT 31627 1757 35 former former JJ 31627 1757 36 rock rock NN 31627 1757 37 may may MD 31627 1757 38 be be VB 31627 1757 39 seen see VBN 31627 1757 40 to to TO 31627 1757 41 send send VB 31627 1757 42 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1757 43 veins vein NNS 31627 1757 44 into into IN 31627 1757 45 the the DT 31627 1757 46 latter latter JJ 31627 1757 47 . . . 31627 1758 1 Not not RB 31627 1758 2 only only RB 31627 1758 3 is be VBZ 31627 1758 4 this this DT 31627 1758 5 so so RB 31627 1758 6 , , , 31627 1758 7 but but CC 31627 1758 8 the the DT 31627 1758 9 granophyre granophyre NN 31627 1758 10 is be VBZ 31627 1758 11 frequently frequently RB 31627 1758 12 seen see VBN 31627 1758 13 to to TO 31627 1758 14 truncate truncate VB 31627 1758 15 , , , 31627 1758 16 and and CC 31627 1758 17 abruptly abruptly RB 31627 1758 18 terminate terminate VB 31627 1758 19 some some DT 31627 1758 20 of of IN 31627 1758 21 the the DT 31627 1758 22 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1758 23 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1758 24 by by IN 31627 1758 25 which which WDT 31627 1758 26 the the DT 31627 1758 27 basic basic JJ 31627 1758 28 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1758 29 are be VBP 31627 1758 30 traversed traverse VBN 31627 1758 31 -- -- : 31627 1758 32 as as IN 31627 1758 33 in in IN 31627 1758 34 the the DT 31627 1758 35 neighbourhood neighbourhood NN 31627 1758 36 of of IN 31627 1758 37 Beinn Beinn NNP 31627 1758 38 na na IN 31627 1758 39 Dubhaic Dubhaic NNP 31627 1758 40 . . . 31627 1759 1 All all PDT 31627 1759 2 these these DT 31627 1759 3 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1759 4 strongly strongly RB 31627 1759 5 remind remind VBP 31627 1759 6 us -PRON- PRP 31627 1759 7 of of IN 31627 1759 8 the the DT 31627 1759 9 conditions condition NNS 31627 1759 10 of of IN 31627 1759 11 similar similar JJ 31627 1759 12 rocks rock NNS 31627 1759 13 amongst amongst IN 31627 1759 14 the the DT 31627 1759 15 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1759 16 of of IN 31627 1759 17 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 1759 18 and and CC 31627 1759 19 Carlingford Carlingford NNP 31627 1759 20 in in IN 31627 1759 21 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1759 22 ; ; : 31627 1759 23 where where WRB 31627 1759 24 , , , 31627 1759 25 at at IN 31627 1759 26 Barnaveve Barnaveve NNP 31627 1759 27 , , , 31627 1759 28 the the DT 31627 1759 29 syenite syenite NN 31627 1759 30 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1759 31 or or CC 31627 1759 32 hornblendic hornblendic JJ 31627 1759 33 quartz quartz NN 31627 1759 34 - - HYPH 31627 1759 35 felsite felsite NN 31627 1759 36 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1759 37 is be VBZ 31627 1759 38 seen see VBN 31627 1759 39 to to TO 31627 1759 40 break break VB 31627 1759 41 through through IN 31627 1759 42 the the DT 31627 1759 43 masses masse NNS 31627 1759 44 of of IN 31627 1759 45 olivine olivine NNP 31627 1759 46 gabbro gabbro NN 31627 1759 47 , , , 31627 1759 48 and and CC 31627 1759 49 send send VB 31627 1759 50 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1759 51 veins vein NNS 31627 1759 52 into into IN 31627 1759 53 this this DT 31627 1759 54 latter latter JJ 31627 1759 55 rock rock NN 31627 1759 56 . . . 31627 1760 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1760 2 2 2 LS 31627 1760 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1760 4 The the DT 31627 1760 5 interpretation interpretation NN 31627 1760 6 here here RB 31627 1760 7 briefly briefly RB 31627 1760 8 sketched sketch VBD 31627 1760 9 differs differ NNS 31627 1760 10 widely widely RB 31627 1760 11 from from IN 31627 1760 12 that that DT 31627 1760 13 arrived arrive VBN 31627 1760 14 at at IN 31627 1760 15 by by IN 31627 1760 16 Professor Professor NNP 31627 1760 17 Judd Judd NNP 31627 1760 18 . . . 31627 1761 1 The the DT 31627 1761 2 granitoid granitoid NN 31627 1761 3 masses masse NNS 31627 1761 4 of of IN 31627 1761 5 the the DT 31627 1761 6 Red Red NNP 31627 1761 7 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 1761 8 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1761 9 Beinn Beinn NNP 31627 1761 10 Dearg Dearg NNP 31627 1761 11 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1761 12 and and CC 31627 1761 13 the the DT 31627 1761 14 neighbouring neighbouring NN 31627 1761 15 heights height NNS 31627 1761 16 are be VBP 31627 1761 17 , , , 31627 1761 18 in in IN 31627 1761 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1761 20 view view NN 31627 1761 21 , , , 31627 1761 22 the the DT 31627 1761 23 roots root NNS 31627 1761 24 of of IN 31627 1761 25 the the DT 31627 1761 26 great great JJ 31627 1761 27 volcano volcano NN 31627 1761 28 from from IN 31627 1761 29 which which WDT 31627 1761 30 were be VBD 31627 1761 31 erupted erupt VBN 31627 1761 32 the the DT 31627 1761 33 various various JJ 31627 1761 34 lavas lavas NN 31627 1761 35 ; ; : 31627 1761 36 the the DT 31627 1761 37 earlier early JJR 31627 1761 38 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1761 39 producing produce VBG 31627 1761 40 the the DT 31627 1761 41 acid acid JJ 31627 1761 42 lavas lavas NN 31627 1761 43 , , , 31627 1761 44 to to TO 31627 1761 45 be be VB 31627 1761 46 followed follow VBN 31627 1761 47 by by IN 31627 1761 48 the the DT 31627 1761 49 gabbros gabbro NNS 31627 1761 50 , , , 31627 1761 51 and and CC 31627 1761 52 these these DT 31627 1761 53 by by IN 31627 1761 54 the the DT 31627 1761 55 plateau plateau NN 31627 1761 56 - - HYPH 31627 1761 57 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1761 58 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1761 59 , , , 31627 1761 60 which which WDT 31627 1761 61 stretch stretch VBP 31627 1761 62 away away RB 31627 1761 63 towards towards IN 31627 1761 64 the the DT 31627 1761 65 north north NN 31627 1761 66 and and CC 31627 1761 67 west west NN 31627 1761 68 into into IN 31627 1761 69 several several JJ 31627 1761 70 peninsulas peninsula NNS 31627 1761 71 . . . 31627 1762 1 Thus thus RB 31627 1762 2 he -PRON- PRP 31627 1762 3 holds hold VBZ 31627 1762 4 that that IN 31627 1762 5 " " `` 31627 1762 6 the the DT 31627 1762 7 rocks rock NNS 31627 1762 8 of of IN 31627 1762 9 basic basic JJ 31627 1762 10 composition composition NN 31627 1762 11 were be VBD 31627 1762 12 ejected eject VBN 31627 1762 13 subsequently subsequently RB 31627 1762 14 to to IN 31627 1762 15 those those DT 31627 1762 16 of of IN 31627 1762 17 the the DT 31627 1762 18 acid acid JJ 31627 1762 19 variety variety NN 31627 1762 20 , , , 31627 1762 21 " " '' 31627 1762 22 and and CC 31627 1762 23 appeals appeal NNS 31627 1762 24 to to IN 31627 1762 25 various various JJ 31627 1762 26 sections section NNS 31627 1762 27 in in IN 31627 1762 28 confirmation confirmation NN 31627 1762 29 of of IN 31627 1762 30 this this DT 31627 1762 31 view view NN 31627 1762 32 . . . 31627 1763 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1763 2 3 3 LS 31627 1763 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1763 4 To to TO 31627 1763 5 reconcile reconcile VB 31627 1763 6 these these DT 31627 1763 7 views view NNS 31627 1763 8 is be VBZ 31627 1763 9 at at IN 31627 1763 10 present present JJ 31627 1763 11 impossible impossible JJ 31627 1763 12 ; ; : 31627 1763 13 but but CC 31627 1763 14 as as IN 31627 1763 15 the the DT 31627 1763 16 controversy controversy NN 31627 1763 17 between between IN 31627 1763 18 these these DT 31627 1763 19 two two CD 31627 1763 20 observers observer NNS 31627 1763 21 is be VBZ 31627 1763 22 probably probably RB 31627 1763 23 not not RB 31627 1763 24 yet yet RB 31627 1763 25 closed close VBN 31627 1763 26 , , , 31627 1763 27 there there EX 31627 1763 28 is be VBZ 31627 1763 29 room room NN 31627 1763 30 for for IN 31627 1763 31 hope hope NN 31627 1763 32 that that IN 31627 1763 33 the the DT 31627 1763 34 true true JJ 31627 1763 35 interpretation interpretation NN 31627 1763 36 of of IN 31627 1763 37 the the DT 31627 1763 38 relations relation NNS 31627 1763 39 of of IN 31627 1763 40 these these DT 31627 1763 41 rocks rock NNS 31627 1763 42 to to IN 31627 1763 43 each each DT 31627 1763 44 other other JJ 31627 1763 45 will will MD 31627 1763 46 ere ere RB 31627 1763 47 long long RB 31627 1763 48 be be VB 31627 1763 49 fully fully RB 31627 1763 50 established establish VBN 31627 1763 51 . . . 31627 1764 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1764 2 1 1 LS 31627 1764 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1764 4 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1764 5 , , , 31627 1764 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1764 7 loc loc NN 31627 1764 8 . . . 31627 1765 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1765 2 . . . 31627 1765 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1765 4 , , , 31627 1765 5 p. p. NN 31627 1765 6 161 161 CD 31627 1765 7 , , , 31627 1765 8 etc etc FW 31627 1765 9 . . . 31627 1766 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1766 2 2 2 CD 31627 1766 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1766 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1766 5 Physical Physical NNP 31627 1766 6 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1766 7 of of IN 31627 1766 8 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1766 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1766 10 , , , 31627 1766 11 2nd 2nd JJ 31627 1766 12 edition edition NN 31627 1766 13 , , , 31627 1766 14 p. p. NN 31627 1766 15 174 174 CD 31627 1766 16 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1766 17 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1766 18 . . . 31627 1767 1 21 21 CD 31627 1767 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1767 3 . . . 31627 1768 1 Professor Professor NNP 31627 1768 2 Judd Judd NNP 31627 1768 3 has have VBZ 31627 1768 4 also also RB 31627 1768 5 come come VBN 31627 1768 6 to to IN 31627 1768 7 the the DT 31627 1768 8 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 1768 9 that that IN 31627 1768 10 the the DT 31627 1768 11 granite granite NN 31627 1768 12 of of IN 31627 1768 13 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 1768 14 is be VBZ 31627 1768 15 of of IN 31627 1768 16 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1768 17 age age NN 31627 1768 18 , , , 31627 1768 19 _ _ NNP 31627 1768 20 Quart Quart NNP 31627 1768 21 . . . 31627 1769 1 Jour Jour NNP 31627 1769 2 . . . 31627 1770 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1770 2 . . . 31627 1771 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1771 2 . . . 31627 1771 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1771 4 , , , 31627 1771 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1771 6 . . . 31627 1772 1 xxx xxx NNP 31627 1772 2 . . . 31627 1773 1 p. p. NN 31627 1773 2 275 275 CD 31627 1773 3 . . . 31627 1774 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1774 2 3 3 LS 31627 1774 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1774 4 Judd Judd NNP 31627 1774 5 , , , 31627 1774 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1774 7 loc loc NN 31627 1774 8 . . . 31627 1775 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1775 2 . . . 31627 1775 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1775 4 , , , 31627 1775 5 p. p. NN 31627 1775 6 254 254 CD 31627 1775 7 . . . 31627 1776 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1776 2 V. V. NNP 31627 1776 3 THE the DT 31627 1776 4 SCUIR SCUIR NNP 31627 1776 5 OF of IN 31627 1776 6 EIGG EIGG NNS 31627 1776 7 . . . 31627 1777 1 Amongst amongst IN 31627 1777 2 the the DT 31627 1777 3 more more RBR 31627 1777 4 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1777 5 of of IN 31627 1777 6 the the DT 31627 1777 7 smaller small JJR 31627 1777 8 islets islet NNS 31627 1777 9 are be VBP 31627 1777 10 those those DT 31627 1777 11 of of IN 31627 1777 12 Eigg Eigg NNP 31627 1777 13 , , , 31627 1777 14 Rum Rum NNP 31627 1777 15 , , , 31627 1777 16 Canna Canna NNP 31627 1777 17 , , , 31627 1777 18 and and CC 31627 1777 19 Muck Muck NNP 31627 1777 20 , , , 31627 1777 21 lying lie VBG 31627 1777 22 between between IN 31627 1777 23 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1777 24 on on IN 31627 1777 25 the the DT 31627 1777 26 south south NN 31627 1777 27 and and CC 31627 1777 28 Skye Skye NNP 31627 1777 29 on on IN 31627 1777 30 the the DT 31627 1777 31 north north NN 31627 1777 32 , , , 31627 1777 33 and and CC 31627 1777 34 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 31627 1777 35 at at IN 31627 1777 36 one one CD 31627 1777 37 time time NN 31627 1777 38 physically physically RB 31627 1777 39 connected connect VBN 31627 1777 40 together together RB 31627 1777 41 . . . 31627 1778 1 The the DT 31627 1778 2 Island Island NNP 31627 1778 3 of of IN 31627 1778 4 Eigg Eigg NNP 31627 1778 5 is be VBZ 31627 1778 6 especially especially RB 31627 1778 7 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1778 8 for for IN 31627 1778 9 the the DT 31627 1778 10 fact fact NN 31627 1778 11 , , , 31627 1778 12 as as IN 31627 1778 13 stated state VBN 31627 1778 14 by by IN 31627 1778 15 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1778 16 , , , 31627 1778 17 that that IN 31627 1778 18 here here RB 31627 1778 19 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1778 20 have have VBP 31627 1778 21 the the DT 31627 1778 22 one one CD 31627 1778 23 solitary solitary JJ 31627 1778 24 case case NN 31627 1778 25 of of IN 31627 1778 26 " " `` 31627 1778 27 a a DT 31627 1778 28 true true JJ 31627 1778 29 superficial superficial JJ 31627 1778 30 stream stream NN 31627 1778 31 of of IN 31627 1778 32 acid acid JJ 31627 1778 33 lava lava NN 31627 1778 34 -- -- : 31627 1778 35 that that DT 31627 1778 36 of of IN 31627 1778 37 the the DT 31627 1778 38 Scuir Scuir NNP 31627 1778 39 of of IN 31627 1778 40 Eigg Eigg NNP 31627 1778 41 . . . 31627 1779 1 " " `` 31627 1779 2 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1779 3 1 1 CD 31627 1779 4 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1779 5 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1779 6 Fig fig NN 31627 1779 7 . . . 31627 1780 1 34 34 CD 31627 1780 2 . . . 31627 1780 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1781 1 This this DT 31627 1781 2 forms form VBZ 31627 1781 3 a a DT 31627 1781 4 sinuous sinuous JJ 31627 1781 5 ridge ridge NN 31627 1781 6 , , , 31627 1781 7 composed compose VBN 31627 1781 8 of of IN 31627 1781 9 pitchstone pitchstone NN 31627 1781 10 of of IN 31627 1781 11 several several JJ 31627 1781 12 kinds kind NNS 31627 1781 13 , , , 31627 1781 14 of of IN 31627 1781 15 over over IN 31627 1781 16 two two CD 31627 1781 17 miles mile NNS 31627 1781 18 in in IN 31627 1781 19 length length NN 31627 1781 20 , , , 31627 1781 21 rising rise VBG 31627 1781 22 from from IN 31627 1781 23 the the DT 31627 1781 24 midst midst NN 31627 1781 25 of of IN 31627 1781 26 a a DT 31627 1781 27 tableland tableland NN 31627 1781 28 of of IN 31627 1781 29 bedded bed VBN 31627 1781 30 basalt basalt NN 31627 1781 31 and and CC 31627 1781 32 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1781 33 to to IN 31627 1781 34 a a DT 31627 1781 35 height height NN 31627 1781 36 of of IN 31627 1781 37 1,289 1,289 CD 31627 1781 38 feet foot NNS 31627 1781 39 above above IN 31627 1781 40 the the DT 31627 1781 41 ocean ocean NN 31627 1781 42 ; ; : 31627 1781 43 the the DT 31627 1781 44 plateau plateau NN 31627 1781 45 - - HYPH 31627 1781 46 basalt basalt NN 31627 1781 47 is be VBZ 31627 1781 48 traversed traverse VBN 31627 1781 49 by by IN 31627 1781 50 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1781 51 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1781 52 , , , 31627 1781 53 ranging range VBG 31627 1781 54 in in IN 31627 1781 55 a a DT 31627 1781 56 N.W.-S.E. N.W.-S.E. NNP 31627 1782 1 direction direction NN 31627 1782 2 . . . 31627 1783 1 But but CC 31627 1783 2 what what WP 31627 1783 3 is be VBZ 31627 1783 4 specially specially RB 31627 1783 5 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1783 6 is be VBZ 31627 1783 7 the the DT 31627 1783 8 evidence evidence NN 31627 1783 9 afforded afford VBN 31627 1783 10 by by IN 31627 1783 11 an an DT 31627 1783 12 examination examination NN 31627 1783 13 of of IN 31627 1783 14 the the DT 31627 1783 15 course course NN 31627 1783 16 of of IN 31627 1783 17 the the DT 31627 1783 18 Scuir Scuir NNP 31627 1783 19 , , , 31627 1783 20 that that IN 31627 1783 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1783 22 follows follow VBZ 31627 1783 23 the the DT 31627 1783 24 channel channel NN 31627 1783 25 of of IN 31627 1783 26 an an DT 31627 1783 27 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1783 28 river river NN 31627 1783 29 - - HYPH 31627 1783 30 valley valley NNP 31627 1783 31 , , , 31627 1783 32 which which WDT 31627 1783 33 has have VBZ 31627 1783 34 been be VBN 31627 1783 35 hollowed hollow VBN 31627 1783 36 out out RP 31627 1783 37 in in IN 31627 1783 38 the the DT 31627 1783 39 surface surface NN 31627 1783 40 of of IN 31627 1783 41 the the DT 31627 1783 42 plateau plateau NN 31627 1783 43 . . . 31627 1784 1 The the DT 31627 1784 2 course course NN 31627 1784 3 of of IN 31627 1784 4 this this DT 31627 1784 5 channel channel NN 31627 1784 6 is be VBZ 31627 1784 7 indicated indicate VBN 31627 1784 8 by by IN 31627 1784 9 the the DT 31627 1784 10 presence presence NN 31627 1784 11 of of IN 31627 1784 12 a a DT 31627 1784 13 deposit deposit NN 31627 1784 14 of of IN 31627 1784 15 river river NN 31627 1784 16 - - HYPH 31627 1784 17 gravel gravel NN 31627 1784 18 , , , 31627 1784 19 which which WDT 31627 1784 20 in in IN 31627 1784 21 some some DT 31627 1784 22 places place NNS 31627 1784 23 forms form VBZ 31627 1784 24 a a DT 31627 1784 25 sort sort NN 31627 1784 26 of of IN 31627 1784 27 cushion cushion NN 31627 1784 28 between between IN 31627 1784 29 the the DT 31627 1784 30 base base NN 31627 1784 31 of of IN 31627 1784 32 the the DT 31627 1784 33 Scuir Scuir NNP 31627 1784 34 and and CC 31627 1784 35 the the DT 31627 1784 36 side side NN 31627 1784 37 of of IN 31627 1784 38 the the DT 31627 1784 39 channel channel NN 31627 1784 40 . . . 31627 1785 1 Over over IN 31627 1785 2 this this DT 31627 1785 3 gravel gravel NN 31627 1785 4 - - HYPH 31627 1785 5 bed bed NN 31627 1785 6 the the DT 31627 1785 7 viscous viscous JJ 31627 1785 8 pitchstone pitchstone NN 31627 1785 9 - - HYPH 31627 1785 10 lava lava NN 31627 1785 11 appears appear VBZ 31627 1785 12 to to TO 31627 1785 13 have have VB 31627 1785 14 flowed flow VBN 31627 1785 15 , , , 31627 1785 16 taking take VBG 31627 1785 17 possession possession NN 31627 1785 18 of of IN 31627 1785 19 the the DT 31627 1785 20 river river NN 31627 1785 21 - - HYPH 31627 1785 22 channel channel NNP 31627 1785 23 , , , 31627 1785 24 and and CC 31627 1785 25 also also RB 31627 1785 26 of of IN 31627 1785 27 the the DT 31627 1785 28 beds bed NNS 31627 1785 29 of of IN 31627 1785 30 several several JJ 31627 1785 31 small small JJ 31627 1785 32 tributary tributary NN 31627 1785 33 streams stream NNS 31627 1785 34 which which WDT 31627 1785 35 flowed flow VBD 31627 1785 36 into into IN 31627 1785 37 the the DT 31627 1785 38 channel channel NN 31627 1785 39 of of IN 31627 1785 40 the the DT 31627 1785 41 Scuir Scuir NNP 31627 1785 42 . . . 31627 1786 1 The the DT 31627 1786 2 recent recent JJ 31627 1786 3 date date NN 31627 1786 4 of of IN 31627 1786 5 the the DT 31627 1786 6 pitchstone pitchstone NN 31627 1786 7 forming form VBG 31627 1786 8 this this DT 31627 1786 9 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1786 10 mural mural JJ 31627 1786 11 ridge ridge NN 31627 1786 12 , , , 31627 1786 13 once once RB 31627 1786 14 occupying occupy VBG 31627 1786 15 the the DT 31627 1786 16 bed bed NN 31627 1786 17 of of IN 31627 1786 18 a a DT 31627 1786 19 river river NN 31627 1786 20 - - HYPH 31627 1786 21 channel channel NN 31627 1786 22 , , , 31627 1786 23 is be VBZ 31627 1786 24 shown show VBN 31627 1786 25 by by IN 31627 1786 26 the the DT 31627 1786 27 fact fact NN 31627 1786 28 that that IN 31627 1786 29 the the DT 31627 1786 30 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1786 31 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1786 32 which which WDT 31627 1786 33 traverse traverse VBP 31627 1786 34 the the DT 31627 1786 35 plateau plateau NN 31627 1786 36 - - HYPH 31627 1786 37 basalts basalt NNS 31627 1786 38 are be VBP 31627 1786 39 truncated truncate VBN 31627 1786 40 by by IN 31627 1786 41 the the DT 31627 1786 42 river river NN 31627 1786 43 - - HYPH 31627 1786 44 gravel gravel NN 31627 1786 45 , , , 31627 1786 46 which which WDT 31627 1786 47 is be VBZ 31627 1786 48 , , , 31627 1786 49 therefore therefore RB 31627 1786 50 , , , 31627 1786 51 more more RBR 31627 1786 52 recent recent JJ 31627 1786 53 ; ; : 31627 1786 54 and and CC 31627 1786 55 , , , 31627 1786 56 as as IN 31627 1786 57 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1786 58 have have VBP 31627 1786 59 seen see VBN 31627 1786 60 , , , 31627 1786 61 the the DT 31627 1786 62 pitchstone pitchstone NN 31627 1786 63 stream stream NN 31627 1786 64 is be VBZ 31627 1786 65 more more RBR 31627 1786 66 recent recent JJ 31627 1786 67 than than IN 31627 1786 68 the the DT 31627 1786 69 river river NN 31627 1786 70 - - HYPH 31627 1786 71 gravel gravel NN 31627 1786 72 . . . 31627 1787 1 But but CC 31627 1787 2 at at IN 31627 1787 3 the the DT 31627 1787 4 time time NN 31627 1787 5 when when WRB 31627 1787 6 this this DT 31627 1787 7 last last JJ 31627 1787 8 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1787 9 eruption eruption NN 31627 1787 10 took take VBD 31627 1787 11 place place NN 31627 1787 12 , , , 31627 1787 13 the the DT 31627 1787 14 physical physical JJ 31627 1787 15 geography geography NN 31627 1787 16 of of IN 31627 1787 17 the the DT 31627 1787 18 whole whole JJ 31627 1787 19 region region NN 31627 1787 20 must must MD 31627 1787 21 have have VB 31627 1787 22 been be VBN 31627 1787 23 very very RB 31627 1787 24 different different JJ 31627 1787 25 from from IN 31627 1787 26 that that DT 31627 1787 27 of of IN 31627 1787 28 the the DT 31627 1787 29 present present JJ 31627 1787 30 time time NN 31627 1787 31 . . . 31627 1788 1 From from IN 31627 1788 2 the the DT 31627 1788 3 character character NN 31627 1788 4 and and CC 31627 1788 5 composition composition NN 31627 1788 6 of of IN 31627 1788 7 the the DT 31627 1788 8 pebbles pebble NNS 31627 1788 9 in in IN 31627 1788 10 the the DT 31627 1788 11 old old JJ 31627 1788 12 river river NN 31627 1788 13 - - HYPH 31627 1788 14 bed bed NN 31627 1788 15 , , , 31627 1788 16 amongst amongst IN 31627 1788 17 which which WDT 31627 1788 18 are be VBP 31627 1788 19 Cambrian cambrian JJ 31627 1788 20 sandstone sandstone NN 31627 1788 21 , , , 31627 1788 22 quartzite quartzite NNP 31627 1788 23 , , , 31627 1788 24 clay clay NN 31627 1788 25 - - HYPH 31627 1788 26 slate slate NN 31627 1788 27 , , , 31627 1788 28 and and CC 31627 1788 29 white white JJ 31627 1788 30 Jurassic Jurassic NNP 31627 1788 31 limestone limestone NN 31627 1788 32 , , , 31627 1788 33 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1788 34 A. A. NNP 31627 1788 35 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1788 36 concludes conclude VBZ 31627 1788 37 that that IN 31627 1788 38 when when WRB 31627 1788 39 the the DT 31627 1788 40 river river NN 31627 1788 41 was be VBD 31627 1788 42 flowing flow VBG 31627 1788 43 , , , 31627 1788 44 the the DT 31627 1788 45 island island NN 31627 1788 46 must must MD 31627 1788 47 have have VB 31627 1788 48 been be VBN 31627 1788 49 connected connect VBN 31627 1788 50 with with IN 31627 1788 51 the the DT 31627 1788 52 mainland mainland NN 31627 1788 53 to to IN 31627 1788 54 the the DT 31627 1788 55 east east NN 31627 1788 56 where where WRB 31627 1788 57 the the DT 31627 1788 58 parent parent NN 31627 1788 59 masses masse NNS 31627 1788 60 of of IN 31627 1788 61 these these DT 31627 1788 62 pebbles pebble NNS 31627 1788 63 are be VBP 31627 1788 64 found find VBN 31627 1788 65 . . . 31627 1789 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1789 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1789 3 : : : 31627 1789 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1789 5 . . . 31627 1790 1 34.--View 34.--view CD 31627 1790 2 of of IN 31627 1790 3 the the DT 31627 1790 4 Scuir Scuir NNP 31627 1790 5 of of IN 31627 1790 6 Eigg Eigg NNP 31627 1790 7 from from IN 31627 1790 8 the the DT 31627 1790 9 east east NN 31627 1790 10 . . . 31627 1791 1 The the DT 31627 1791 2 lower low JJR 31627 1791 3 portion portion NN 31627 1791 4 of of IN 31627 1791 5 the the DT 31627 1791 6 mountain mountain NN 31627 1791 7 is be VBZ 31627 1791 8 formed form VBN 31627 1791 9 of of IN 31627 1791 10 bedded bed VBN 31627 1791 11 basalt basalt NN 31627 1791 12 , , , 31627 1791 13 or or CC 31627 1791 14 dolerite dolerite VB 31627 1791 15 with with IN 31627 1791 16 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1791 17 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1791 18 and and CC 31627 1791 19 veins vein NNS 31627 1791 20 of of IN 31627 1791 21 basalt basalt NN 31627 1791 22 , , , 31627 1791 23 felstone felstone NN 31627 1791 24 , , , 31627 1791 25 and and CC 31627 1791 26 pitchstone pitchstone NN 31627 1791 27 ; ; : 31627 1791 28 the the DT 31627 1791 29 upper upper JJ 31627 1791 30 cliff cliff NN 31627 1791 31 , , , 31627 1791 32 or or CC 31627 1791 33 Scuir Scuir NNP 31627 1791 34 , , , 31627 1791 35 is be VBZ 31627 1791 36 composed compose VBN 31627 1791 37 of of IN 31627 1791 38 pitchstone pitchstone NN 31627 1791 39 of of IN 31627 1791 40 newer new JJR 31627 1791 41 age age NN 31627 1791 42 , , , 31627 1791 43 the the DT 31627 1791 44 remnant remnant NN 31627 1791 45 of of IN 31627 1791 46 a a DT 31627 1791 47 lava lava NN 31627 1791 48 flow flow NN 31627 1791 49 which which WDT 31627 1791 50 once once RB 31627 1791 51 filled fill VBD 31627 1791 52 a a DT 31627 1791 53 river river NN 31627 1791 54 channel channel NN 31627 1791 55 in in IN 31627 1791 56 the the DT 31627 1791 57 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1791 58 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1791 59 . . . 31627 1792 1 A a DT 31627 1792 2 dyke dyke NN 31627 1792 3 , , , 31627 1792 4 or or CC 31627 1792 5 sheet sheet NN 31627 1792 6 , , , 31627 1792 7 of of IN 31627 1792 8 porphyry porphyry NN 31627 1792 9 is be VBZ 31627 1792 10 seen see VBN 31627 1792 11 to to TO 31627 1792 12 be be VB 31627 1792 13 interposed interpose VBN 31627 1792 14 between between IN 31627 1792 15 the the DT 31627 1792 16 Scuir Scuir NNP 31627 1792 17 and and CC 31627 1792 18 the the DT 31627 1792 19 basaltic basaltic NN 31627 1792 20 sheets.--(After sheets.--(After : 31627 1792 21 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1792 22 . . . 31627 1792 23 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1792 24 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1793 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1793 2 Effects Effects NNPS 31627 1793 3 of of IN 31627 1793 4 Denudation._--The Denudation._--The NNP 31627 1793 5 position position NN 31627 1793 6 of of IN 31627 1793 7 the the DT 31627 1793 8 Scuir Scuir NNP 31627 1793 9 of of IN 31627 1793 10 Eigg Eigg NNP 31627 1793 11 and and CC 31627 1793 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1793 13 relations relation NNS 31627 1793 14 to to IN 31627 1793 15 the the DT 31627 1793 16 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1793 17 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1793 18 show show VBP 31627 1793 19 the the DT 31627 1793 20 enormous enormous JJ 31627 1793 21 amount amount NN 31627 1793 22 of of IN 31627 1793 23 denudation denudation NN 31627 1793 24 which which WDT 31627 1793 25 these these DT 31627 1793 26 latter latter JJ 31627 1793 27 have have VBP 31627 1793 28 undergone undergo VBN 31627 1793 29 since since IN 31627 1793 30 the the DT 31627 1793 31 stream stream NN 31627 1793 32 of of IN 31627 1793 33 pitchstone pitchstone NN 31627 1793 34 - - HYPH 31627 1793 35 lava lava NN 31627 1793 36 filled fill VBD 31627 1793 37 the the DT 31627 1793 38 old old JJ 31627 1793 39 river river NNP 31627 1793 40 channel channel NN 31627 1793 41 . . . 31627 1794 1 The the DT 31627 1794 2 walls wall NNS 31627 1794 3 , , , 31627 1794 4 or or CC 31627 1794 5 banks bank NNS 31627 1794 6 , , , 31627 1794 7 of of IN 31627 1794 8 the the DT 31627 1794 9 channel channel NN 31627 1794 10 have have VBP 31627 1794 11 been be VBN 31627 1794 12 denuded denude VBN 31627 1794 13 away away RP 31627 1794 14 , , , 31627 1794 15 thus thus RB 31627 1794 16 converting convert VBG 31627 1794 17 the the DT 31627 1794 18 pitchstone pitchstone NN 31627 1794 19 casting cast VBG 31627 1794 20 into into IN 31627 1794 21 a a DT 31627 1794 22 projecting project VBG 31627 1794 23 wall wall NN 31627 1794 24 of of IN 31627 1794 25 rock rock NN 31627 1794 26 . . . 31627 1795 1 That that IN 31627 1795 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1795 3 originally originally RB 31627 1795 4 extended extend VBD 31627 1795 5 outwards outward NNS 31627 1795 6 into into IN 31627 1795 7 the the DT 31627 1795 8 ocean ocean NN 31627 1795 9 to to IN 31627 1795 10 a a DT 31627 1795 11 far far RB 31627 1795 12 greater great JJR 31627 1795 13 distance distance NN 31627 1795 14 than than IN 31627 1795 15 at at IN 31627 1795 16 present present JJ 31627 1795 17 is be VBZ 31627 1795 18 evident evident JJ 31627 1795 19 from from IN 31627 1795 20 the the DT 31627 1795 21 abruptly abruptly RB 31627 1795 22 truncated truncate VBN 31627 1795 23 face face NN 31627 1795 24 of of IN 31627 1795 25 the the DT 31627 1795 26 cliff cliff NN 31627 1795 27 ; ; , 31627 1795 28 and and CC 31627 1795 29 yet yet RB 31627 1795 30 this this DT 31627 1795 31 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1795 32 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1795 33 mass mass NN 31627 1795 34 seems seem VBZ 31627 1795 35 to to TO 31627 1795 36 have have VB 31627 1795 37 been be VBN 31627 1795 38 , , , 31627 1795 39 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 1795 40 , , , 31627 1795 41 the the DT 31627 1795 42 most most RBS 31627 1795 43 recent recent JJ 31627 1795 44 exhibition exhibition NN 31627 1795 45 of of IN 31627 1795 46 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1795 47 action action NN 31627 1795 48 to to TO 31627 1795 49 be be VB 31627 1795 50 found find VBN 31627 1795 51 in in IN 31627 1795 52 the the DT 31627 1795 53 British british JJ 31627 1795 54 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1795 55 . . . 31627 1796 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1796 2 is be VBZ 31627 1796 3 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 1796 4 , , , 31627 1796 5 on on IN 31627 1796 6 this this DT 31627 1796 7 account account NN 31627 1796 8 , , , 31627 1796 9 the the DT 31627 1796 10 most most RBS 31627 1796 11 striking striking JJ 31627 1796 12 of of IN 31627 1796 13 the the DT 31627 1796 14 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1796 15 examples example NNS 31627 1796 16 exhibited exhibit VBN 31627 1796 17 throughout throughout IN 31627 1796 18 the the DT 31627 1796 19 West West NNP 31627 1796 20 of of IN 31627 1796 21 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1796 22 and and CC 31627 1796 23 the the DT 31627 1796 24 North North NNP 31627 1796 25 - - HYPH 31627 1796 26 east east NN 31627 1796 27 of of IN 31627 1796 28 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1796 29 of of IN 31627 1796 30 the the DT 31627 1796 31 enormous enormous JJ 31627 1796 32 amount amount NN 31627 1796 33 of of IN 31627 1796 34 denudation denudation NN 31627 1796 35 to to IN 31627 1796 36 which which WDT 31627 1796 37 these these DT 31627 1796 38 districts district NNS 31627 1796 39 have have VBP 31627 1796 40 been be VBN 31627 1796 41 subjected subject VBN 31627 1796 42 since since IN 31627 1796 43 the the DT 31627 1796 44 extinction extinction NN 31627 1796 45 of of IN 31627 1796 46 the the DT 31627 1796 47 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1796 48 fires fire NNS 31627 1796 49 ; ; : 31627 1796 50 and and CC 31627 1796 51 this this DT 31627 1796 52 at at IN 31627 1796 53 a a DT 31627 1796 54 period period NN 31627 1796 55 to to TO 31627 1796 56 which which WDT 31627 1796 57 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1796 58 can can MD 31627 1796 59 not not RB 31627 1796 60 assign assign VB 31627 1796 61 a a DT 31627 1796 62 date date NN 31627 1796 63 more more RBR 31627 1796 64 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1796 65 than than IN 31627 1796 66 that that DT 31627 1796 67 of of IN 31627 1796 68 the the DT 31627 1796 69 Pliocene Pliocene NNP 31627 1796 70 . . . 31627 1797 1 Yet yet RB 31627 1797 2 , , , 31627 1797 3 let let VB 31627 1797 4 us -PRON- PRP 31627 1797 5 consider consider VB 31627 1797 6 for for IN 31627 1797 7 a a DT 31627 1797 8 moment moment NN 31627 1797 9 to to IN 31627 1797 10 what what WDT 31627 1797 11 physical physical JJ 31627 1797 12 vicissitudes vicissitude VBZ 31627 1797 13 these these DT 31627 1797 14 districts district NNS 31627 1797 15 have have VBP 31627 1797 16 been be VBN 31627 1797 17 subjected subject VBN 31627 1797 18 since since IN 31627 1797 19 that that DT 31627 1797 20 epoch epoch NN 31627 1797 21 . . . 31627 1798 1 Assuming assume VBG 31627 1798 2 , , , 31627 1798 3 as as IN 31627 1798 4 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1798 5 may may MD 31627 1798 6 with with IN 31627 1798 7 confidence confidence NN 31627 1798 8 , , , 31627 1798 9 that that IN 31627 1798 10 the the DT 31627 1798 11 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1798 12 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1798 13 were be VBD 31627 1798 14 subaërial subaërial JJ 31627 1798 15 , , , 31627 1798 16 and and CC 31627 1798 17 that that IN 31627 1798 18 the the DT 31627 1798 19 tracts tract NNS 31627 1798 20 covered cover VBN 31627 1798 21 by by IN 31627 1798 22 the the DT 31627 1798 23 plateau plateau NN 31627 1798 24 - - HYPH 31627 1798 25 basalts basalts NNP 31627 1798 26 were be VBD 31627 1798 27 in in IN 31627 1798 28 the the DT 31627 1798 29 condition condition NN 31627 1798 30 of of IN 31627 1798 31 dry dry JJ 31627 1798 32 land land NN 31627 1798 33 when when WRB 31627 1798 34 the the DT 31627 1798 35 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1798 36 commenced commence VBD 31627 1798 37 , , , 31627 1798 38 in in IN 31627 1798 39 this this DT 31627 1798 40 condition condition NN 31627 1798 41 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1798 42 continued continue VBD 31627 1798 43 in in IN 31627 1798 44 the the DT 31627 1798 45 main main JJ 31627 1798 46 throughout throughout IN 31627 1798 47 the the DT 31627 1798 48 period period NN 31627 1798 49 of of IN 31627 1798 50 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1798 51 activity activity NN 31627 1798 52 . . . 31627 1799 1 But but CC 31627 1799 2 the the DT 31627 1799 3 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1799 4 had have VBD 31627 1799 5 scarcely scarcely RB 31627 1799 6 ceased cease VBN 31627 1799 7 , , , 31627 1799 8 and and CC 31627 1799 9 the the DT 31627 1799 10 lava lava NN 31627 1799 11 floods flood NNS 31627 1799 12 and and CC 31627 1799 13 dykes dyke VBZ 31627 1799 14 become become VB 31627 1799 15 consolidated consolidated JJ 31627 1799 16 , , , 31627 1799 17 before before IN 31627 1799 18 the the DT 31627 1799 19 succeeding succeed VBG 31627 1799 20 glacial glacial JJ 31627 1799 21 epoch epoch NNP 31627 1799 22 set set VBN 31627 1799 23 in in RP 31627 1799 24 ; ; : 31627 1799 25 when when WRB 31627 1799 26 the the DT 31627 1799 27 snows snow NNS 31627 1799 28 and and CC 31627 1799 29 glaciers glacier NNS 31627 1799 30 of of IN 31627 1799 31 the the DT 31627 1799 32 Scottish Scottish NNP 31627 1799 33 Highlands Highlands NNPS 31627 1799 34 gradually gradually RB 31627 1799 35 descending descend VBG 31627 1799 36 from from IN 31627 1799 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1799 38 original original JJ 31627 1799 39 mountain mountain NN 31627 1799 40 heights height NNS 31627 1799 41 , , , 31627 1799 42 and and CC 31627 1799 43 spreading spread VBG 31627 1799 44 outwards outward NNS 31627 1799 45 in in IN 31627 1799 46 all all DT 31627 1799 47 directions direction NNS 31627 1799 48 , , , 31627 1799 49 ultimately ultimately RB 31627 1799 50 enveloped envelop VBD 31627 1799 51 the the DT 31627 1799 52 whole whole NN 31627 1799 53 of of IN 31627 1799 54 the the DT 31627 1799 55 region region NN 31627 1799 56 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1799 57 are be VBP 31627 1799 58 now now RB 31627 1799 59 considering consider VBG 31627 1799 60 until until IN 31627 1799 61 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1799 62 was be VBD 31627 1799 63 entirely entirely RB 31627 1799 64 concealed conceal VBN 31627 1799 65 beneath beneath IN 31627 1799 66 a a DT 31627 1799 67 mantle mantle NN 31627 1799 68 of of IN 31627 1799 69 ice ice NN 31627 1799 70 moving move VBG 31627 1799 71 slowly slowly RB 31627 1799 72 , , , 31627 1799 73 but but CC 31627 1799 74 irresistibly irresistibly RB 31627 1799 75 , , , 31627 1799 76 outwards outward NNS 31627 1799 77 towards towards IN 31627 1799 78 the the DT 31627 1799 79 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 1799 80 , , , 31627 1799 81 crossing cross VBG 31627 1799 82 the the DT 31627 1799 83 deep deep JJ 31627 1799 84 channels channel NNS 31627 1799 85 , , , 31627 1799 86 such such JJ 31627 1799 87 as as IN 31627 1799 88 the the DT 31627 1799 89 Sound Sound NNP 31627 1799 90 of of IN 31627 1799 91 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1799 92 and and CC 31627 1799 93 the the DT 31627 1799 94 Minch Minch NNP 31627 1799 95 , , , 31627 1799 96 climbing climb VBG 31627 1799 97 up up RP 31627 1799 98 the the DT 31627 1799 99 sides side NNS 31627 1799 100 of of IN 31627 1799 101 opposing oppose VBG 31627 1799 102 rocks rock NNS 31627 1799 103 and and CC 31627 1799 104 islands island NNS 31627 1799 105 until until IN 31627 1799 106 even even RB 31627 1799 107 the the DT 31627 1799 108 Outer Outer NNP 31627 1799 109 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 1799 110 and and CC 31627 1799 111 the the DT 31627 1799 112 North North NNP 31627 1799 113 - - HYPH 31627 1799 114 east east NN 31627 1799 115 of of IN 31627 1799 116 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1799 117 were be VBD 31627 1799 118 covered cover VBN 31627 1799 119 by by IN 31627 1799 120 one one CD 31627 1799 121 vast vast JJ 31627 1799 122 mantle mantle NN 31627 1799 123 of of IN 31627 1799 124 ice ice NN 31627 1799 125 and and CC 31627 1799 126 snow snow NN 31627 1799 127 . . . 31627 1800 1 The the DT 31627 1800 2 movement movement NN 31627 1800 3 of of IN 31627 1800 4 such such PDT 31627 1800 5 a a DT 31627 1800 6 body body NN 31627 1800 7 of of IN 31627 1800 8 ice ice NN 31627 1800 9 over over IN 31627 1800 10 the the DT 31627 1800 11 land land NN 31627 1800 12 must must MD 31627 1800 13 have have VB 31627 1800 14 been be VBN 31627 1800 15 attended attend VBN 31627 1800 16 with with IN 31627 1800 17 a a DT 31627 1800 18 large large JJ 31627 1800 19 amount amount NN 31627 1800 20 of of IN 31627 1800 21 abrasion abrasion NN 31627 1800 22 of of IN 31627 1800 23 the the DT 31627 1800 24 rocky rocky JJ 31627 1800 25 floor floor NN 31627 1800 26 ; ; : 31627 1800 27 nor nor CC 31627 1800 28 have have VBP 31627 1800 29 the the DT 31627 1800 30 evidences evidence NNS 31627 1800 31 of of IN 31627 1800 32 that that DT 31627 1800 33 abrasion abrasion NN 31627 1800 34 entirely entirely RB 31627 1800 35 disappeared disappear VBD 31627 1800 36 even even RB 31627 1800 37 at at IN 31627 1800 38 the the DT 31627 1800 39 present present JJ 31627 1800 40 day day NN 31627 1800 41 . . . 31627 1801 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 1801 2 still still RB 31627 1801 3 detect detect VBP 31627 1801 4 the the DT 31627 1801 5 grooves groove NNS 31627 1801 6 and and CC 31627 1801 7 scorings scoring NNS 31627 1801 8 on on IN 31627 1801 9 the the DT 31627 1801 10 rock rock NN 31627 1801 11 - - HYPH 31627 1801 12 surfaces surface NNS 31627 1801 13 where where WRB 31627 1801 14 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1801 15 have have VBP 31627 1801 16 been be VBN 31627 1801 17 protected protect VBN 31627 1801 18 by by IN 31627 1801 19 a a DT 31627 1801 20 coating coating NN 31627 1801 21 of of IN 31627 1801 22 boulder boulder NN 31627 1801 23 clay clay NN 31627 1801 24 ; ; : 31627 1801 25 and and CC 31627 1801 26 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1801 27 still still RB 31627 1801 28 find find VBP 31627 1801 29 the the DT 31627 1801 30 surface surface NN 31627 1801 31 strewn strew VBN 31627 1801 32 with with IN 31627 1801 33 the the DT 31627 1801 34 blocks block NNS 31627 1801 35 and and CC 31627 1801 36 _ _ NNP 31627 1801 37 débris débris NN 31627 1801 38 _ _ NNP 31627 1801 39 of of IN 31627 1801 40 that that DT 31627 1801 41 mighty mighty JJ 31627 1801 42 ice ice NN 31627 1801 43 - - HYPH 31627 1801 44 flood flood NN 31627 1801 45 . . . 31627 1802 1 But but CC 31627 1802 2 whatever whatever WDT 31627 1802 3 may may MD 31627 1802 4 have have VB 31627 1802 5 been be VBN 31627 1802 6 the the DT 31627 1802 7 amount amount NN 31627 1802 8 of of IN 31627 1802 9 erosion erosion NN 31627 1802 10 caused cause VBN 31627 1802 11 by by IN 31627 1802 12 the the DT 31627 1802 13 great great JJ 31627 1802 14 ice ice NN 31627 1802 15 - - HYPH 31627 1802 16 sheet sheet NN 31627 1802 17 , , , 31627 1802 18 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1802 19 was be VBD 31627 1802 20 chiefly chiefly RB 31627 1802 21 confined confine VBN 31627 1802 22 to to IN 31627 1802 23 the the DT 31627 1802 24 more more RBR 31627 1802 25 or or CC 31627 1802 26 less less JJR 31627 1802 27 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1802 28 surface surface NN 31627 1802 29 - - HYPH 31627 1802 30 planes plane NNS 31627 1802 31 . . . 31627 1803 1 Erosion erosion NN 31627 1803 2 of of IN 31627 1803 3 another another DT 31627 1803 4 kind kind NN 31627 1803 5 was be VBD 31627 1803 6 to to TO 31627 1803 7 succeed succeed VB 31627 1803 8 , , , 31627 1803 9 and and CC 31627 1803 10 to to TO 31627 1803 11 produce produce VB 31627 1803 12 more more JJR 31627 1803 13 lasting lasting JJ 31627 1803 14 effects effect NNS 31627 1803 15 on on IN 31627 1803 16 the the DT 31627 1803 17 configuration configuration NN 31627 1803 18 of of IN 31627 1803 19 the the DT 31627 1803 20 surface surface NN 31627 1803 21 . . . 31627 1804 1 On on IN 31627 1804 2 the the DT 31627 1804 3 disappearance disappearance NN 31627 1804 4 of of IN 31627 1804 5 the the DT 31627 1804 6 ice ice NN 31627 1804 7 - - HYPH 31627 1804 8 sheet sheet NN 31627 1804 9 , , , 31627 1804 10 an an DT 31627 1804 11 epoch epoch NN 31627 1804 12 characterised characterise VBN 31627 1804 13 by by IN 31627 1804 14 milder milder NN 31627 1804 15 conditions condition NNS 31627 1804 16 of of IN 31627 1804 17 climate climate NN 31627 1804 18 set set VBN 31627 1804 19 in in RP 31627 1804 20 . . . 31627 1805 1 This this DT 31627 1805 2 was be VBD 31627 1805 3 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 1805 4 by by IN 31627 1805 5 subsidence subsidence NN 31627 1805 6 and and CC 31627 1805 7 submersion submersion NN 31627 1805 8 of of IN 31627 1805 9 large large JJ 31627 1805 10 tracts tract NNS 31627 1805 11 of of IN 31627 1805 12 the the DT 31627 1805 13 land land NN 31627 1805 14 during during IN 31627 1805 15 the the DT 31627 1805 16 Interglacial interglacial JJ 31627 1805 17 stage stage NN 31627 1805 18 ; ; : 31627 1805 19 so so IN 31627 1805 20 that that IN 31627 1805 21 the the DT 31627 1805 22 sea sea NN 31627 1805 23 rose rise VBD 31627 1805 24 to to IN 31627 1805 25 heights height NNS 31627 1805 26 of of IN 31627 1805 27 several several JJ 31627 1805 28 hundred hundred CD 31627 1805 29 feet foot NNS 31627 1805 30 above above IN 31627 1805 31 the the DT 31627 1805 32 present present JJ 31627 1805 33 level level NN 31627 1805 34 , , , 31627 1805 35 and and CC 31627 1805 36 has have VBZ 31627 1805 37 left leave VBN 31627 1805 38 behind behind RB 31627 1805 39 stratified stratified JJ 31627 1805 40 gravels gravel NNS 31627 1805 41 with with IN 31627 1805 42 shells shell NNS 31627 1805 43 at at IN 31627 1805 44 these these DT 31627 1805 45 elevations elevation NNS 31627 1805 46 in in IN 31627 1805 47 protected protect VBN 31627 1805 48 places place NNS 31627 1805 49 . . . 31627 1806 1 During during IN 31627 1806 2 this this DT 31627 1806 3 period period NN 31627 1806 4 of of IN 31627 1806 5 depression depression NN 31627 1806 6 and and CC 31627 1806 7 of of IN 31627 1806 8 subsequent subsequent JJ 31627 1806 9 re re NN 31627 1806 10 - - NN 31627 1806 11 emergence emergence VB 31627 1806 12 the the DT 31627 1806 13 wave wave NN 31627 1806 14 - - HYPH 31627 1806 15 action action NN 31627 1806 16 of of IN 31627 1806 17 the the DT 31627 1806 18 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 1806 19 waters water NNS 31627 1806 20 must must MD 31627 1806 21 have have VB 31627 1806 22 told tell VBN 31627 1806 23 severely severely RB 31627 1806 24 on on IN 31627 1806 25 the the DT 31627 1806 26 coast coast NN 31627 1806 27 and and CC 31627 1806 28 islands island NNS 31627 1806 29 , , , 31627 1806 30 wearing wear VBG 31627 1806 31 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1806 32 into into IN 31627 1806 33 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1806 34 and and CC 31627 1806 35 escarpments escarpment NNS 31627 1806 36 , , , 31627 1806 37 furrowing furrow VBG 31627 1806 38 out out RP 31627 1806 39 channels channel NNS 31627 1806 40 and and CC 31627 1806 41 levelling levelling NN 31627 1806 42 obstructions obstruction NNS 31627 1806 43 . . . 31627 1807 1 Such such JJ 31627 1807 2 action action NN 31627 1807 3 has have VBZ 31627 1807 4 gone go VBN 31627 1807 5 on on RB 31627 1807 6 down down IN 31627 1807 7 to to IN 31627 1807 8 the the DT 31627 1807 9 present present JJ 31627 1807 10 day day NN 31627 1807 11 . . . 31627 1808 1 The the DT 31627 1808 2 North North NNP 31627 1808 3 - - HYPH 31627 1808 4 west west NN 31627 1808 5 of of IN 31627 1808 6 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1808 7 and and CC 31627 1808 8 of of IN 31627 1808 9 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1808 10 has have VBZ 31627 1808 11 been be VBN 31627 1808 12 subjected subject VBN 31627 1808 13 throughout throughout IN 31627 1808 14 a a DT 31627 1808 15 very very RB 31627 1808 16 lengthened lengthen VBN 31627 1808 17 period period NN 31627 1808 18 to to IN 31627 1808 19 the the DT 31627 1808 20 wear wear NN 31627 1808 21 and and CC 31627 1808 22 tear tear NN 31627 1808 23 of of IN 31627 1808 24 the the DT 31627 1808 25 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 1808 26 billows billow NNS 31627 1808 27 . . . 31627 1809 1 In in IN 31627 1809 2 the the DT 31627 1809 3 case case NN 31627 1809 4 of of IN 31627 1809 5 the the DT 31627 1809 6 former former JJ 31627 1809 7 , , , 31627 1809 8 the the DT 31627 1809 9 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1809 10 breakwater breakwater NN 31627 1809 11 which which WDT 31627 1809 12 nature nature NN 31627 1809 13 has have VBZ 31627 1809 14 thrown throw VBN 31627 1809 15 athwart athwart JJ 31627 1809 16 the the DT 31627 1809 17 North North NNP 31627 1809 18 - - HYPH 31627 1809 19 west west NNP 31627 1809 20 Highlands Highlands NNPS 31627 1809 21 in in IN 31627 1809 22 the the DT 31627 1809 23 direction direction NN 31627 1809 24 of of IN 31627 1809 25 the the DT 31627 1809 26 waves wave NNS 31627 1809 27 , , , 31627 1809 28 forming form VBG 31627 1809 29 the the DT 31627 1809 30 chain chain NN 31627 1809 31 of of IN 31627 1809 32 islands island NNS 31627 1809 33 constituting constitute VBG 31627 1809 34 the the DT 31627 1809 35 Outer Outer NNP 31627 1809 36 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 1809 37 , , , 31627 1809 38 and and CC 31627 1809 39 composed compose VBN 31627 1809 40 of of IN 31627 1809 41 very very RB 31627 1809 42 tough tough JJ 31627 1809 43 Archæan Archæan NNP 31627 1809 44 gneiss gneiss NN 31627 1809 45 and and CC 31627 1809 46 schist schist NN 31627 1809 47 , , , 31627 1809 48 has have VBZ 31627 1809 49 done do VBN 31627 1809 50 much much RB 31627 1809 51 to to TO 31627 1809 52 retard retard VB 31627 1809 53 the the DT 31627 1809 54 inroads inroad NNS 31627 1809 55 which which WDT 31627 1809 56 the the DT 31627 1809 57 waves wave NNS 31627 1809 58 might may MD 31627 1809 59 otherwise otherwise RB 31627 1809 60 have have VB 31627 1809 61 made make VBN 31627 1809 62 on on IN 31627 1809 63 the the DT 31627 1809 64 Isle Isle NNP 31627 1809 65 of of IN 31627 1809 66 Skye Skye NNPS 31627 1809 67 ; ; : 31627 1809 68 while while IN 31627 1809 69 Coll Coll NNP 31627 1809 70 and and CC 31627 1809 71 Tiree Tiree NNP 31627 1809 72 , , , 31627 1809 73 composed compose VBN 31627 1809 74 of of IN 31627 1809 75 similar similar JJ 31627 1809 76 materials material NNS 31627 1809 77 , , , 31627 1809 78 have have VBP 31627 1809 79 acted act VBN 31627 1809 80 with with IN 31627 1809 81 similar similar JJ 31627 1809 82 beneficent beneficent JJ 31627 1809 83 effect effect NN 31627 1809 84 for for IN 31627 1809 85 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1809 86 and and CC 31627 1809 87 the the DT 31627 1809 88 adjoining adjoin VBG 31627 1809 89 coasts coast NNS 31627 1809 90 . . . 31627 1810 1 But but CC 31627 1810 2 such such JJ 31627 1810 3 is be VBZ 31627 1810 4 the the DT 31627 1810 5 tremendous tremendous JJ 31627 1810 6 power power NN 31627 1810 7 of of IN 31627 1810 8 the the DT 31627 1810 9 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 1810 10 billows billow NNS 31627 1810 11 when when WRB 31627 1810 12 impelled impel VBN 31627 1810 13 by by IN 31627 1810 14 westerly westerly JJ 31627 1810 15 winds wind NNS 31627 1810 16 , , , 31627 1810 17 that that IN 31627 1810 18 to to IN 31627 1810 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1810 20 agency agency NN 31627 1810 21 must must MD 31627 1810 22 be be VB 31627 1810 23 mainly mainly RB 31627 1810 24 attributed attribute VBN 31627 1810 25 the the DT 31627 1810 26 small small JJ 31627 1810 27 size size NN 31627 1810 28 of of IN 31627 1810 29 the the DT 31627 1810 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1810 31 land land NN 31627 1810 32 - - HYPH 31627 1810 33 surfaces surface NNS 31627 1810 34 as as IN 31627 1810 35 compared compare VBN 31627 1810 36 with with IN 31627 1810 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1810 38 original original JJ 31627 1810 39 extent extent NN 31627 1810 40 , , , 31627 1810 41 and and CC 31627 1810 42 the the DT 31627 1810 43 formation formation NN 31627 1810 44 of of IN 31627 1810 45 those those DT 31627 1810 46 grand grand JJ 31627 1810 47 headlands headland NNS 31627 1810 48 which which WDT 31627 1810 49 are be VBP 31627 1810 50 presented present VBN 31627 1810 51 by by IN 31627 1810 52 the the DT 31627 1810 53 igneous igneous JJ 31627 1810 54 masses masse NNS 31627 1810 55 of of IN 31627 1810 56 Skye Skye NNPS 31627 1810 57 , , , 31627 1810 58 Ardnamurchan Ardnamurchan NNP 31627 1810 59 , , , 31627 1810 60 and and CC 31627 1810 61 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1810 62 towards towards IN 31627 1810 63 the the DT 31627 1810 64 west west NN 31627 1810 65 . . . 31627 1811 1 Rain rain NN 31627 1811 2 and and CC 31627 1811 3 river river NN 31627 1811 4 action action NN 31627 1811 5 , , , 31627 1811 6 supplemented supplement VBN 31627 1811 7 by by IN 31627 1811 8 that that DT 31627 1811 9 of of IN 31627 1811 10 glaciers glacier NNS 31627 1811 11 , , , 31627 1811 12 have have VBP 31627 1811 13 also also RB 31627 1811 14 had have VBN 31627 1811 15 a a DT 31627 1811 16 share share NN 31627 1811 17 in in IN 31627 1811 18 eroding erode VBG 31627 1811 19 channels channel NNS 31627 1811 20 and and CC 31627 1811 21 wearing wear VBG 31627 1811 22 down down RP 31627 1811 23 the the DT 31627 1811 24 upper upper JJ 31627 1811 25 surface surface NN 31627 1811 26 of of IN 31627 1811 27 the the DT 31627 1811 28 ground ground NN 31627 1811 29 , , , 31627 1811 30 with with IN 31627 1811 31 the the DT 31627 1811 32 result result NN 31627 1811 33 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1811 34 at at IN 31627 1811 35 present present JJ 31627 1811 36 behold behold NN 31627 1811 37 in in IN 31627 1811 38 the the DT 31627 1811 39 wild wild JJ 31627 1811 40 and and CC 31627 1811 41 broken break VBN 31627 1811 42 scenery scenery NN 31627 1811 43 of of IN 31627 1811 44 the the DT 31627 1811 45 Inner Inner NNP 31627 1811 46 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 1811 47 and and CC 31627 1811 48 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 1811 49 coast coast NN 31627 1811 50 . . . 31627 1812 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1812 2 1 1 LS 31627 1812 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1812 4 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1812 5 , , , 31627 1812 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1812 7 loc loc NN 31627 1812 8 . . . 31627 1813 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1813 2 . . . 31627 1813 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1813 4 , , , 31627 1813 5 p. p. NN 31627 1813 6 178 178 CD 31627 1813 7 ; ; : 31627 1813 8 also also RB 31627 1813 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1813 10 Quart Quart NNP 31627 1813 11 . . . 31627 1814 1 Jour Jour NNP 31627 1814 2 . . . 31627 1815 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1815 2 . . . 31627 1816 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1816 2 . . . 31627 1816 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1816 4 , , , 31627 1816 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1816 6 . . . 31627 1817 1 xxvii xxvii NNP 31627 1817 2 . . . 31627 1818 1 p. p. NN 31627 1818 2 303 303 CD 31627 1818 3 . . . 31627 1819 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1819 2 VI VI NNP 31627 1819 3 . . . 31627 1820 1 ISLE ISLE NNP 31627 1820 2 OF of IN 31627 1820 3 STAFFA STAFFA NNP 31627 1820 4 . . . 31627 1821 1 Reference reference NN 31627 1821 2 has have VBZ 31627 1821 3 been be VBN 31627 1821 4 made make VBN 31627 1821 5 to to IN 31627 1821 6 this this DT 31627 1821 7 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1821 8 island island NN 31627 1821 9 in in IN 31627 1821 10 a a DT 31627 1821 11 former former JJ 31627 1821 12 page page NN 31627 1821 13 , , , 31627 1821 14 but but CC 31627 1821 15 some some DT 31627 1821 16 more more RBR 31627 1821 17 extended extended JJ 31627 1821 18 notice notice NN 31627 1821 19 is be VBZ 31627 1821 20 desirable desirable JJ 31627 1821 21 before before IN 31627 1821 22 leaving leave VBG 31627 1821 23 the the DT 31627 1821 24 region region NN 31627 1821 25 of of IN 31627 1821 26 the the DT 31627 1821 27 Inner Inner NNP 31627 1821 28 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 1821 29 . . . 31627 1822 1 Along along IN 31627 1822 2 with with IN 31627 1822 3 the the DT 31627 1822 4 islands island NNS 31627 1822 5 of of IN 31627 1822 6 Pladda Pladda NNP 31627 1822 7 , , , 31627 1822 8 Treshnish Treshnish NNP 31627 1822 9 , , , 31627 1822 10 and and CC 31627 1822 11 Blackmore Blackmore NNP 31627 1822 12 , , , 31627 1822 13 Staffa Staffa NNP 31627 1822 14 is be VBZ 31627 1822 15 one one CD 31627 1822 16 of of IN 31627 1822 17 the the DT 31627 1822 18 outlying outlying JJ 31627 1822 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1822 20 islands island NNS 31627 1822 21 of of IN 31627 1822 22 the the DT 31627 1822 23 group group NN 31627 1822 24 , , , 31627 1822 25 being be VBG 31627 1822 26 distant distant JJ 31627 1822 27 about about RB 31627 1822 28 six six CD 31627 1822 29 miles mile NNS 31627 1822 30 from from IN 31627 1822 31 the the DT 31627 1822 32 coast coast NN 31627 1822 33 of of IN 31627 1822 34 Mull Mull NNP 31627 1822 35 , , , 31627 1822 36 and and CC 31627 1822 37 indicates indicate VBZ 31627 1822 38 the the DT 31627 1822 39 minimum minimum JJ 31627 1822 40 distance distance NN 31627 1822 41 to to TO 31627 1822 42 which which WDT 31627 1822 43 the the DT 31627 1822 44 plateau plateau NN 31627 1822 45 - - HYPH 31627 1822 46 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1822 47 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1822 48 originally originally RB 31627 1822 49 extended extend VBN 31627 1822 50 in in IN 31627 1822 51 the the DT 31627 1822 52 direction direction NN 31627 1822 53 of of IN 31627 1822 54 the the DT 31627 1822 55 old old JJ 31627 1822 56 marginal marginal JJ 31627 1822 57 lands land NNS 31627 1822 58 of of IN 31627 1822 59 Tiree Tiree NNP 31627 1822 60 and and CC 31627 1822 61 Coll Coll NNP 31627 1822 62 . . . 31627 1823 1 The the DT 31627 1823 2 island island NN 31627 1823 3 consists consist VBZ 31627 1823 4 of of IN 31627 1823 5 successive successive JJ 31627 1823 6 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1823 7 of of IN 31627 1823 8 bedded bed VBN 31627 1823 9 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1823 10 lava lava NN 31627 1823 11 , , , 31627 1823 12 with with IN 31627 1823 13 partings parting NNS 31627 1823 14 of of IN 31627 1823 15 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1823 16 , , , 31627 1823 17 one one CD 31627 1823 18 of of IN 31627 1823 19 which which WDT 31627 1823 20 of of IN 31627 1823 21 considerable considerable JJ 31627 1823 22 thickness thickness NN 31627 1823 23 is be VBZ 31627 1823 24 shown show VBN 31627 1823 25 to to TO 31627 1823 26 lie lie VB 31627 1823 27 at at IN 31627 1823 28 the the DT 31627 1823 29 base base NN 31627 1823 30 of of IN 31627 1823 31 the the DT 31627 1823 32 cliff cliff NN 31627 1823 33 on on IN 31627 1823 34 the the DT 31627 1823 35 south south JJ 31627 1823 36 - - HYPH 31627 1823 37 west west NN 31627 1823 38 side side NN 31627 1823 39 of of IN 31627 1823 40 the the DT 31627 1823 41 island island NN 31627 1823 42 . . . 31627 1824 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1824 2 1 1 LS 31627 1824 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1824 4 The the DT 31627 1824 5 successive successive JJ 31627 1824 6 lava lava NN 31627 1824 7 - - HYPH 31627 1824 8 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1824 9 present present VBP 31627 1824 10 great great JJ 31627 1824 11 varieties variety NNS 31627 1824 12 of of IN 31627 1824 13 structure structure NN 31627 1824 14 , , , 31627 1824 15 like like IN 31627 1824 16 those those DT 31627 1824 17 on on IN 31627 1824 18 the the DT 31627 1824 19 north north NN 31627 1824 20 coast coast NN 31627 1824 21 of of IN 31627 1824 22 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 1824 23 ; ; : 31627 1824 24 some some DT 31627 1824 25 being be VBG 31627 1824 26 amorphous amorphous JJ 31627 1824 27 , , , 31627 1824 28 others other NNS 31627 1824 29 columnar columnar JJ 31627 1824 30 , , , 31627 1824 31 with with IN 31627 1824 32 either either DT 31627 1824 33 straight straight JJ 31627 1824 34 or or CC 31627 1824 35 bent bent JJ 31627 1824 36 columns column NNS 31627 1824 37 . . . 31627 1825 1 The the DT 31627 1825 2 lava lava NN 31627 1825 3 - - HYPH 31627 1825 4 sheet sheet NN 31627 1825 5 out out IN 31627 1825 6 of of IN 31627 1825 7 which which WDT 31627 1825 8 Fingal Fingal NNP 31627 1825 9 's 's POS 31627 1825 10 Cave Cave NNP 31627 1825 11 is be VBZ 31627 1825 12 excavated excavate VBN 31627 1825 13 consists consist NNS 31627 1825 14 of of IN 31627 1825 15 vertical vertical JJ 31627 1825 16 prisms prism NNS 31627 1825 17 , , , 31627 1825 18 beautifully beautifully RB 31627 1825 19 formed form VBN 31627 1825 20 , , , 31627 1825 21 and and CC 31627 1825 22 surmounted surmount VBN 31627 1825 23 by by IN 31627 1825 24 an an DT 31627 1825 25 amorphous amorphous JJ 31627 1825 26 mass mass NN 31627 1825 27 of of IN 31627 1825 28 the the DT 31627 1825 29 same same JJ 31627 1825 30 material material NN 31627 1825 31 . . . 31627 1826 1 At at IN 31627 1826 2 the the DT 31627 1826 3 entrance entrance NN 31627 1826 4 of of IN 31627 1826 5 the the DT 31627 1826 6 Boat Boat NNP 31627 1826 7 Cave Cave NNP 31627 1826 8 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1826 9 have have VBP 31627 1826 10 a a DT 31627 1826 11 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 1826 12 similar similar JJ 31627 1826 13 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 1826 14 of of IN 31627 1826 15 the the DT 31627 1826 16 columns;[2 columns;[2 NN 31627 1826 17 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1826 18 but but CC 31627 1826 19 at at IN 31627 1826 20 the the DT 31627 1826 21 Clam Clam NNP 31627 1826 22 - - HYPH 31627 1826 23 shell shell NNP 31627 1826 24 Cave cave VB 31627 1826 25 the the DT 31627 1826 26 prisms prism NNS 31627 1826 27 are be VBP 31627 1826 28 curved curved JJ 31627 1826 29 , , , 31627 1826 30 indicating indicate VBG 31627 1826 31 some some DT 31627 1826 32 movement movement NN 31627 1826 33 in in IN 31627 1826 34 the the DT 31627 1826 35 viscous viscous JJ 31627 1826 36 mass mass NN 31627 1826 37 before before IN 31627 1826 38 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1826 39 had have VBD 31627 1826 40 been be VBN 31627 1826 41 fully fully RB 31627 1826 42 consolidated consolidate VBN 31627 1826 43 . . . 31627 1827 1 Fingal Fingal NNP 31627 1827 2 's 's POS 31627 1827 3 Cave Cave NNP 31627 1827 4 is be VBZ 31627 1827 5 called call VBN 31627 1827 6 after after IN 31627 1827 7 the the DT 31627 1827 8 celebrated celebrated JJ 31627 1827 9 prince prince NN 31627 1827 10 of of IN 31627 1827 11 Morvern Morvern NNP 31627 1827 12 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1827 13 or or CC 31627 1827 14 Morven Morven NNP 31627 1827 15 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1827 16 , , , 31627 1827 17 a a DT 31627 1827 18 province province NN 31627 1827 19 of of IN 31627 1827 20 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1827 21 Caledonia Caledonia NNP 31627 1827 22 . . . 31627 1828 1 He -PRON- PRP 31627 1828 2 is be VBZ 31627 1828 3 supposed suppose VBN 31627 1828 4 to to TO 31627 1828 5 have have VB 31627 1828 6 been be VBN 31627 1828 7 the the DT 31627 1828 8 father father NN 31627 1828 9 of of IN 31627 1828 10 Ossian Ossian NNP 31627 1828 11 , , , 31627 1828 12 the the DT 31627 1828 13 Celtic celtic JJ 31627 1828 14 bard bard NN 31627 1828 15 rendered render VBN 31627 1828 16 famous famous JJ 31627 1828 17 by by IN 31627 1828 18 Macpherson Macpherson NNP 31627 1828 19 . . . 31627 1829 1 The the DT 31627 1829 2 cave cave NN 31627 1829 3 , , , 31627 1829 4 one one CD 31627 1829 5 of of IN 31627 1829 6 many many JJ 31627 1829 7 which which WDT 31627 1829 8 pierce pierce VBP 31627 1829 9 the the DT 31627 1829 10 coast coast NN 31627 1829 11 - - HYPH 31627 1829 12 cliffs cliff NNS 31627 1829 13 of of IN 31627 1829 14 Western Western NNP 31627 1829 15 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1829 16 , , , 31627 1829 17 is be VBZ 31627 1829 18 227 227 CD 31627 1829 19 feet foot NNS 31627 1829 20 in in IN 31627 1829 21 length length NN 31627 1829 22 , , , 31627 1829 23 166 166 CD 31627 1829 24 feet foot NNS 31627 1829 25 in in IN 31627 1829 26 height height NN 31627 1829 27 , , , 31627 1829 28 and and CC 31627 1829 29 40 40 CD 31627 1829 30 feet foot NNS 31627 1829 31 in in IN 31627 1829 32 width width NN 31627 1829 33 . . . 31627 1830 1 On on IN 31627 1830 2 all all DT 31627 1830 3 sides side NNS 31627 1830 4 regular regular JJ 31627 1830 5 columns column NNS 31627 1830 6 of of IN 31627 1830 7 basalt basalt NN 31627 1830 8 , , , 31627 1830 9 some some DT 31627 1830 10 entire entire JJ 31627 1830 11 , , , 31627 1830 12 others other NNS 31627 1830 13 broken break VBN 31627 1830 14 , , , 31627 1830 15 rise rise VBP 31627 1830 16 out out IN 31627 1830 17 of of IN 31627 1830 18 the the DT 31627 1830 19 water water NN 31627 1830 20 and and CC 31627 1830 21 support support VB 31627 1830 22 the the DT 31627 1830 23 roof roof NN 31627 1830 24 . . . 31627 1831 1 The the DT 31627 1831 2 cave cave NN 31627 1831 3 is be VBZ 31627 1831 4 only only RB 31627 1831 5 accessible accessible JJ 31627 1831 6 in in IN 31627 1831 7 calm calm JJ 31627 1831 8 weather weather NN 31627 1831 9 . . . 31627 1832 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1832 2 1 1 LS 31627 1832 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1832 4 A a DT 31627 1832 5 drawing drawing NN 31627 1832 6 of of IN 31627 1832 7 this this DT 31627 1832 8 cliff cliff NN 31627 1832 9 is be VBZ 31627 1832 10 given give VBN 31627 1832 11 by by IN 31627 1832 12 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1832 13 in in IN 31627 1832 14 the the DT 31627 1832 15 _ _ NNP 31627 1832 16 Manual Manual NNP 31627 1832 17 of of IN 31627 1832 18 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1832 19 _ _ NNP 31627 1832 20 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1832 21 Jukes Jukes NNP 31627 1832 22 and and CC 31627 1832 23 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1832 24 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1832 25 , , , 31627 1832 26 3rd 3rd JJ 31627 1832 27 edition edition NN 31627 1832 28 , , , 31627 1832 29 p. p. NN 31627 1832 30 277 277 CD 31627 1832 31 . . . 31627 1833 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1833 2 2 2 CD 31627 1833 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1833 4 Prestwich Prestwich NNP 31627 1833 5 , , , 31627 1833 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1833 7 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1833 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1833 9 , , , 31627 1833 10 vol vol NNP 31627 1833 11 . . . 31627 1834 1 i. i. NNP 31627 1834 2 p. p. NNP 31627 1834 3 281 281 CD 31627 1834 4 , , , 31627 1834 5 where where WRB 31627 1834 6 a a DT 31627 1834 7 view view NN 31627 1834 8 of of IN 31627 1834 9 this this DT 31627 1834 10 cave cave NN 31627 1834 11 is be VBZ 31627 1834 12 given give VBN 31627 1834 13 . . . 31627 1835 1 PART PART NNP 31627 1835 2 V. V. NNP 31627 1835 3 PRE PRE NNP 31627 1835 4 - - HYPH 31627 1835 5 TERTIARY TERTIARY NNP 31627 1835 6 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 1835 7 ROCKS rock NNS 31627 1835 8 . . . 31627 1836 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1836 2 I. I. NNP 31627 1837 1 THE the DT 31627 1837 2 DECCAN DECCAN NNP 31627 1837 3 TRAP TRAP NNP 31627 1837 4 - - HYPH 31627 1837 5 SERIES SERIES NNP 31627 1837 6 OF of IN 31627 1837 7 INDIA INDIA NNP 31627 1837 8 . . . 31627 1838 1 The the DT 31627 1838 2 great great JJ 31627 1838 3 outpourings outpouring NNS 31627 1838 4 of of IN 31627 1838 5 augitic augitic JJ 31627 1838 6 lava lava NN 31627 1838 7 of of IN 31627 1838 8 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1838 9 and and CC 31627 1838 10 recent recent JJ 31627 1838 11 times time NNS 31627 1838 12 which which WDT 31627 1838 13 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1838 14 have have VBP 31627 1838 15 been be VBN 31627 1838 16 considering consider VBG 31627 1838 17 appear appear VBP 31627 1838 18 to to TO 31627 1838 19 have have VB 31627 1838 20 been be VBN 31627 1838 21 anticipated anticipate VBN 31627 1838 22 in in IN 31627 1838 23 several several JJ 31627 1838 24 parts part NNS 31627 1838 25 of of IN 31627 1838 26 the the DT 31627 1838 27 world world NN 31627 1838 28 , , , 31627 1838 29 more more RBR 31627 1838 30 especially especially RB 31627 1838 31 in in IN 31627 1838 32 Peninsular Peninsular NNP 31627 1838 33 India India NNP 31627 1838 34 and and CC 31627 1838 35 in in IN 31627 1838 36 Africa Africa NNP 31627 1838 37 , , , 31627 1838 38 and and CC 31627 1838 39 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1838 40 is be VBZ 31627 1838 41 desirable desirable JJ 31627 1838 42 that that IN 31627 1838 43 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1838 44 should should MD 31627 1838 45 devote devote VB 31627 1838 46 a a DT 31627 1838 47 few few JJ 31627 1838 48 pages page NNS 31627 1838 49 to to IN 31627 1838 50 the the DT 31627 1838 51 description description NN 31627 1838 52 of of IN 31627 1838 53 these these DT 31627 1838 54 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1838 55 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1838 56 formations formation NNS 31627 1838 57 , , , 31627 1838 58 as as IN 31627 1838 59 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1838 60 resemble resemble VBP 31627 1838 61 , , , 31627 1838 62 both both DT 31627 1838 63 in in IN 31627 1838 64 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1838 65 mode mode NN 31627 1838 66 of of IN 31627 1838 67 occurrence occurrence NN 31627 1838 68 and and CC 31627 1838 69 general general JJ 31627 1838 70 structure structure NN 31627 1838 71 , , , 31627 1838 72 some some DT 31627 1838 73 of of IN 31627 1838 74 the the DT 31627 1838 75 great great JJ 31627 1838 76 lava lava NN 31627 1838 77 - - HYPH 31627 1838 78 floods flood NNS 31627 1838 79 of of IN 31627 1838 80 a a DT 31627 1838 81 more more RBR 31627 1838 82 recent recent JJ 31627 1838 83 period period NN 31627 1838 84 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1838 85 have have VBP 31627 1838 86 been be VBN 31627 1838 87 considering consider VBG 31627 1838 88 . . . 31627 1839 1 Of of IN 31627 1839 2 the the DT 31627 1839 3 districts district NNS 31627 1839 4 to to TO 31627 1839 5 be be VB 31627 1839 6 described describe VBN 31627 1839 7 , , , 31627 1839 8 the the DT 31627 1839 9 first first JJ 31627 1839 10 which which WDT 31627 1839 11 claims claim VBZ 31627 1839 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1839 13 notice notice NN 31627 1839 14 is be VBZ 31627 1839 15 the the DT 31627 1839 16 Deccan Deccan NNP 31627 1839 17 . . . 31627 1840 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1840 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1840 3 a. a. NN 31627 1840 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1840 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1840 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1840 7 Extent Extent NNP 31627 1840 8 of of IN 31627 1840 9 the the DT 31627 1840 10 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1840 11 Plateau._--The Plateau._--The NNP 31627 1840 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1840 13 plateau plateau NN 31627 1840 14 of of IN 31627 1840 15 the the DT 31627 1840 16 Deccan deccan JJ 31627 1840 17 stretches stretch NNS 31627 1840 18 from from IN 31627 1840 19 the the DT 31627 1840 20 borders border NNS 31627 1840 21 of of IN 31627 1840 22 the the DT 31627 1840 23 Western Western NNP 31627 1840 24 Ghats Ghats NNPS 31627 1840 25 and and CC 31627 1840 26 the the DT 31627 1840 27 sea sea NN 31627 1840 28 - - HYPH 31627 1840 29 coast coast NN 31627 1840 30 near near IN 31627 1840 31 Bombay Bombay NNP 31627 1840 32 inland inland RB 31627 1840 33 to to IN 31627 1840 34 Amarantak Amarantak NNP 31627 1840 35 , , , 31627 1840 36 at at IN 31627 1840 37 the the DT 31627 1840 38 head head NN 31627 1840 39 of of IN 31627 1840 40 the the DT 31627 1840 41 Narbudda Narbudda NNP 31627 1840 42 River River NNP 31627 1840 43 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1840 44 long long RB 31627 1840 45 . . . 31627 1841 1 82 82 CD 31627 1841 2 ° ° , 31627 1841 3 E. E. NNP 31627 1841 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1841 5 , , , 31627 1841 6 and and CC 31627 1841 7 from from IN 31627 1841 8 Belgaum Belgaum NNP 31627 1841 9 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1841 10 lat lat NNP 31627 1841 11 . . . 31627 1842 1 15 15 CD 31627 1842 2 ° ° , 31627 1842 3 31 31 CD 31627 1842 4 ' ' '' 31627 1842 5 N. N. NNP 31627 1842 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1842 7 to to IN 31627 1842 8 near near IN 31627 1842 9 Goona Goona NNP 31627 1842 10 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1842 11 lat lat NN 31627 1842 12 . . . 31627 1843 1 24 24 CD 31627 1843 2 ° ° , 31627 1843 3 30 30 CD 31627 1843 4 ' ' CD 31627 1843 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1843 6 . . . 31627 1844 1 The the DT 31627 1844 2 vast vast JJ 31627 1844 3 area area NN 31627 1844 4 thus thus RB 31627 1844 5 circumscribed circumscribe VBN 31627 1844 6 is be VBZ 31627 1844 7 far far RB 31627 1844 8 from from IN 31627 1844 9 representing represent VBG 31627 1844 10 the the DT 31627 1844 11 original original JJ 31627 1844 12 extent extent NN 31627 1844 13 of of IN 31627 1844 14 the the DT 31627 1844 15 tract tract NN 31627 1844 16 overspread overspread NN 31627 1844 17 by by IN 31627 1844 18 the the DT 31627 1844 19 lava lava NN 31627 1844 20 - - HYPH 31627 1844 21 floods flood NNS 31627 1844 22 , , , 31627 1844 23 as as IN 31627 1844 24 outlying outlying JJ 31627 1844 25 fragments fragment NNS 31627 1844 26 of of IN 31627 1844 27 these these DT 31627 1844 28 lavas lava NNS 31627 1844 29 are be VBP 31627 1844 30 found find VBN 31627 1844 31 as as IN 31627 1844 32 far far RB 31627 1844 33 east east RB 31627 1844 34 as as RB 31627 1844 35 long long RB 31627 1844 36 . . . 31627 1845 1 84 84 CD 31627 1845 2 ° ° , 31627 1845 3 E. E. NNP 31627 1845 4 in in IN 31627 1845 5 one one CD 31627 1845 6 direction direction NN 31627 1845 7 , , , 31627 1845 8 and and CC 31627 1845 9 at at IN 31627 1845 10 Kattiwar Kattiwar NNP 31627 1845 11 and and CC 31627 1845 12 Cutch Cutch NNP 31627 1845 13 in in IN 31627 1845 14 another another DT 31627 1845 15 . . . 31627 1846 1 The the DT 31627 1846 2 present present JJ 31627 1846 3 area area NN 31627 1846 4 , , , 31627 1846 5 however however RB 31627 1846 6 , , , 31627 1846 7 is be VBZ 31627 1846 8 estimated estimate VBN 31627 1846 9 to to TO 31627 1846 10 be be VB 31627 1846 11 not not RB 31627 1846 12 less less JJR 31627 1846 13 than than IN 31627 1846 14 200,000 200,000 CD 31627 1846 15 square square JJ 31627 1846 16 miles mile NNS 31627 1846 17 . . . 31627 1847 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1847 2 1 1 CD 31627 1847 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1847 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1847 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1847 6 b. b. NNP 31627 1847 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1847 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1847 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1847 10 Nature Nature NNP 31627 1847 11 and and CC 31627 1847 12 Thickness Thickness NNP 31627 1847 13 of of IN 31627 1847 14 the the DT 31627 1847 15 Lava Lava NNP 31627 1847 16 - - HYPH 31627 1847 17 flows._--This flows._--This NNP 31627 1847 18 tract tract NN 31627 1847 19 is be VBZ 31627 1847 20 overspread overspread RB 31627 1847 21 almost almost RB 31627 1847 22 continuously continuously RB 31627 1847 23 by by IN 31627 1847 24 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1847 25 of of IN 31627 1847 26 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1847 27 lava lava NN 31627 1847 28 , , , 31627 1847 29 with with IN 31627 1847 30 occasional occasional JJ 31627 1847 31 bands band NNS 31627 1847 32 of of IN 31627 1847 33 fresh fresh JJ 31627 1847 34 - - HYPH 31627 1847 35 water water NN 31627 1847 36 strata strata NN 31627 1847 37 containing contain VBG 31627 1847 38 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1847 39 shells shell NNS 31627 1847 40 , , , 31627 1847 41 figured figure VBN 31627 1847 42 and and CC 31627 1847 43 described describe VBN 31627 1847 44 by by IN 31627 1847 45 Hislop Hislop NNP 31627 1847 46 , , , 31627 1847 47 and and CC 31627 1847 48 believed believe VBN 31627 1847 49 by by IN 31627 1847 50 him -PRON- PRP 31627 1847 51 to to TO 31627 1847 52 be be VB 31627 1847 53 of of IN 31627 1847 54 Lower Lower NNP 31627 1847 55 Eocene Eocene NNP 31627 1847 56 age age NN 31627 1847 57 . . . 31627 1848 1 The the DT 31627 1848 2 lava lava NN 31627 1848 3 - - HYPH 31627 1848 4 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1848 5 vary vary VBP 31627 1848 6 considerably considerably RB 31627 1848 7 in in IN 31627 1848 8 character character NN 31627 1848 9 , , , 31627 1848 10 ranging range VBG 31627 1848 11 from from IN 31627 1848 12 finest fine JJS 31627 1848 13 compact compact JJ 31627 1848 14 basalt basalt NN 31627 1848 15 to to TO 31627 1848 16 coarsely coarsely RB 31627 1848 17 crystalline crystalline VB 31627 1848 18 dolerite dolerite NN 31627 1848 19 , , , 31627 1848 20 in in IN 31627 1848 21 which which WDT 31627 1848 22 olivine olivine NN 31627 1848 23 is be VBZ 31627 1848 24 abundant abundant JJ 31627 1848 25 . . . 31627 1849 1 The the DT 31627 1849 2 columnar columnar NN 31627 1849 3 structure structure NN 31627 1849 4 is be VBZ 31627 1849 5 not not RB 31627 1849 6 prevalent prevalent JJ 31627 1849 7 , , , 31627 1849 8 the the DT 31627 1849 9 rock rock NN 31627 1849 10 being be VBG 31627 1849 11 either either CC 31627 1849 12 amorphous amorphous JJ 31627 1849 13 , , , 31627 1849 14 or or CC 31627 1849 15 weathering weather VBG 31627 1849 16 into into IN 31627 1849 17 concentric concentric JJ 31627 1849 18 shells shell NNS 31627 1849 19 . . . 31627 1850 1 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1850 2 ash ash NN 31627 1850 3 , , , 31627 1850 4 or or CC 31627 1850 5 bole bole NNP 31627 1850 6 , , , 31627 1850 7 is be VBZ 31627 1850 8 frequently frequently RB 31627 1850 9 found find VBN 31627 1850 10 separating separate VBG 31627 1850 11 the the DT 31627 1850 12 different different JJ 31627 1850 13 lava lava NN 31627 1850 14 - - HYPH 31627 1850 15 flows flow NNS 31627 1850 16 ; ; : 31627 1850 17 and and CC 31627 1850 18 in in IN 31627 1850 19 the the DT 31627 1850 20 upper upper JJ 31627 1850 21 amygdaloidal amygdaloidal NN 31627 1850 22 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1850 23 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1850 24 secondary secondary JJ 31627 1850 25 minerals mineral NNS 31627 1850 26 are be VBP 31627 1850 27 found find VBN 31627 1850 28 , , , 31627 1850 29 such such JJ 31627 1850 30 as as IN 31627 1850 31 quartz quartz NN 31627 1850 32 , , , 31627 1850 33 agate agate NN 31627 1850 34 and and CC 31627 1850 35 jasper jasper NN 31627 1850 36 , , , 31627 1850 37 stilbite stilbite NN 31627 1850 38 and and CC 31627 1850 39 chlorite chlorite NN 31627 1850 40 . . . 31627 1851 1 The the DT 31627 1851 2 total total JJ 31627 1851 3 thickness thickness NN 31627 1851 4 of of IN 31627 1851 5 the the DT 31627 1851 6 whole whole JJ 31627 1851 7 series series NN 31627 1851 8 , , , 31627 1851 9 where where WRB 31627 1851 10 complete complete JJ 31627 1851 11 , , , 31627 1851 12 is be VBZ 31627 1851 13 about about IN 31627 1851 14 6,000 6,000 CD 31627 1851 15 feet foot NNS 31627 1851 16 , , , 31627 1851 17 divided divide VBN 31627 1851 18 as as IN 31627 1851 19 follows follow VBZ 31627 1851 20 : : : 31627 1851 21 1 1 CD 31627 1851 22 . . . 31627 1852 1 Upper upper JJ 31627 1852 2 trap trap NN 31627 1852 3 ; ; : 31627 1852 4 with with IN 31627 1852 5 ash ash NN 31627 1852 6 and and CC 31627 1852 7 inter inter JJ 31627 1852 8 - - JJ 31627 1852 9 trappean trappean JJ 31627 1852 10 beds bed VBZ 31627 1852 11 1,500 1,500 CD 31627 1852 12 feet foot NNS 31627 1852 13 2 2 CD 31627 1852 14 . . . 31627 1853 1 Middle middle JJ 31627 1853 2 trap trap NN 31627 1853 3 ; ; : 31627 1853 4 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1853 5 of of IN 31627 1853 6 basalt basalt NN 31627 1853 7 and and CC 31627 1853 8 ash ash VB 31627 1853 9 4,000 4,000 CD 31627 1853 10 " " `` 31627 1853 11 3 3 CD 31627 1853 12 . . . 31627 1854 1 Lower low JJR 31627 1854 2 trap trap NN 31627 1854 3 ; ; : 31627 1854 4 basalt basalt NN 31627 1854 5 with with IN 31627 1854 6 inter inter JJ 31627 1854 7 - - JJ 31627 1854 8 trappean trappean JJ 31627 1854 9 beds bed VBZ 31627 1854 10 500 500 CD 31627 1854 11 " " '' 31627 1854 12 -------- -------- NFP 31627 1854 13 6,000 6,000 CD 31627 1854 14 " " '' 31627 1854 15 = = SYM 31627 1854 16 = = NFP 31627 1854 17 = = SYM 31627 1854 18 = = SYM 31627 1854 19 = = SYM 31627 1854 20 = = SYM 31627 1854 21 = = NFP 31627 1854 22 = = NFP 31627 1854 23 Throughout throughout IN 31627 1854 24 the the DT 31627 1854 25 region region NN 31627 1854 26 here here RB 31627 1854 27 described describe VBD 31627 1854 28 these these DT 31627 1854 29 great great JJ 31627 1854 30 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1854 31 of of IN 31627 1854 32 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1854 33 rock rock NN 31627 1854 34 are be VBP 31627 1854 35 everywhere everywhere RB 31627 1854 36 approximately approximately RB 31627 1854 37 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1854 38 , , , 31627 1854 39 and and CC 31627 1854 40 constitute constitute VB 31627 1854 41 a a DT 31627 1854 42 table table NN 31627 1854 43 - - HYPH 31627 1854 44 land land NN 31627 1854 45 of of IN 31627 1854 46 3,000 3,000 CD 31627 1854 47 to to TO 31627 1854 48 4,000 4,000 CD 31627 1854 49 feet foot NNS 31627 1854 50 in in IN 31627 1854 51 elevation elevation NN 31627 1854 52 , , , 31627 1854 53 breaking break VBG 31627 1854 54 off off RP 31627 1854 55 in in IN 31627 1854 56 terraced terraced JJ 31627 1854 57 escarpments escarpment NNS 31627 1854 58 , , , 31627 1854 59 and and CC 31627 1854 60 penetrated penetrate VBN 31627 1854 61 by by IN 31627 1854 62 deep deep JJ 31627 1854 63 river river NN 31627 1854 64 - - HYPH 31627 1854 65 valleys valley NNS 31627 1854 66 , , , 31627 1854 67 of of IN 31627 1854 68 which which WDT 31627 1854 69 the the DT 31627 1854 70 Narbudda Narbudda NNP 31627 1854 71 is be VBZ 31627 1854 72 the the DT 31627 1854 73 most most RBS 31627 1854 74 important important JJ 31627 1854 75 . . . 31627 1855 1 The the DT 31627 1855 2 foundation foundation NN 31627 1855 3 rock rock NN 31627 1855 4 is be VBZ 31627 1855 5 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1855 6 metamorphic metamorphic JJ 31627 1855 7 schist schist NN 31627 1855 8 , , , 31627 1855 9 or or CC 31627 1855 10 gneiss gneiss NNP 31627 1855 11 , , , 31627 1855 12 at at IN 31627 1855 13 other other JJ 31627 1855 14 times time NNS 31627 1855 15 sandstone sandstone VBN 31627 1855 16 referred refer VBN 31627 1855 17 by by IN 31627 1855 18 Hislop Hislop NNP 31627 1855 19 to to IN 31627 1855 20 Jurassic Jurassic NNP 31627 1855 21 age age NN 31627 1855 22 ; ; : 31627 1855 23 and and CC 31627 1855 24 in in IN 31627 1855 25 no no DT 31627 1855 26 single single JJ 31627 1855 27 instance instance NN 31627 1855 28 has have VBZ 31627 1855 29 a a DT 31627 1855 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1855 31 crater crater NN 31627 1855 32 or or CC 31627 1855 33 focus focus NN 31627 1855 34 of of IN 31627 1855 35 eruption eruption NN 31627 1855 36 been be VBN 31627 1855 37 observed observe VBN 31627 1855 38 . . . 31627 1856 1 But but CC 31627 1856 2 outside outside IN 31627 1856 3 the the DT 31627 1856 4 central central JJ 31627 1856 5 trappean trappean JJ 31627 1856 6 area area NN 31627 1856 7 volcanic volcanic NNP 31627 1856 8 foci foci NN 31627 1856 9 are be VBP 31627 1856 10 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1856 11 , , , 31627 1856 12 as as IN 31627 1856 13 in in IN 31627 1856 14 Cutch Cutch NNP 31627 1856 15 , , , 31627 1856 16 the the DT 31627 1856 17 Rajhipla Rajhipla NNP 31627 1856 18 Hills Hills NNP 31627 1856 19 and and CC 31627 1856 20 the the DT 31627 1856 21 Lower low JJR 31627 1856 22 Narbudda Narbudda NNP 31627 1856 23 valley valley NN 31627 1856 24 . . . 31627 1857 1 The the DT 31627 1857 2 original original JJ 31627 1857 3 excessive excessive JJ 31627 1857 4 fluidity fluidity NN 31627 1857 5 of of IN 31627 1857 6 the the DT 31627 1857 7 Deccan deccan JJ 31627 1857 8 trap trap NN 31627 1857 9 is be VBZ 31627 1857 10 proved prove VBN 31627 1857 11 by by IN 31627 1857 12 the the DT 31627 1857 13 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1857 14 horizontality horizontality NN 31627 1857 15 of of IN 31627 1857 16 the the DT 31627 1857 17 beds bed NNS 31627 1857 18 over over IN 31627 1857 19 large large JJ 31627 1857 20 areas area NNS 31627 1857 21 , , , 31627 1857 22 and and CC 31627 1857 23 the the DT 31627 1857 24 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1857 25 regions region NNS 31627 1857 26 covered cover VBN 31627 1857 27 by by IN 31627 1857 28 very very RB 31627 1857 29 thin thin JJ 31627 1857 30 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1857 31 of of IN 31627 1857 32 basalt basalt NN 31627 1857 33 or or CC 31627 1857 34 dolerite dolerite JJ 31627 1857 35 . . . 31627 1858 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1858 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1858 3 c. c. NNP 31627 1858 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1858 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1858 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1858 7 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1858 8 Age._--As Age._--As NNP 31627 1858 9 regards regard VBZ 31627 1858 10 the the DT 31627 1858 11 geological geological JJ 31627 1858 12 age age NN 31627 1858 13 of of IN 31627 1858 14 this this DT 31627 1858 15 great great JJ 31627 1858 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1858 17 series series NN 31627 1858 18 much much JJ 31627 1858 19 uncertainty uncertainty NN 31627 1858 20 exists exist VBZ 31627 1858 21 , , , 31627 1858 22 owing owe VBG 31627 1858 23 to to IN 31627 1858 24 the the DT 31627 1858 25 absence absence NN 31627 1858 26 of of IN 31627 1858 27 marine marine JJ 31627 1858 28 forms form NNS 31627 1858 29 in in IN 31627 1858 30 the the DT 31627 1858 31 inter inter JJ 31627 1858 32 - - JJ 31627 1858 33 trappean trappean JJ 31627 1858 34 beds bed NNS 31627 1858 35 . . . 31627 1859 1 One one CD 31627 1859 2 single single JJ 31627 1859 3 species specie NNS 31627 1859 4 , , , 31627 1859 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1859 6 Cardita Cardita NNP 31627 1859 7 variabilis variabilis NN 31627 1859 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1859 9 , , , 31627 1859 10 has have VBZ 31627 1859 11 been be VBN 31627 1859 12 observed observe VBN 31627 1859 13 as as IN 31627 1859 14 occurring occur VBG 31627 1859 15 in in IN 31627 1859 16 these these DT 31627 1859 17 beds bed NNS 31627 1859 18 , , , 31627 1859 19 and and CC 31627 1859 20 in in IN 31627 1859 21 the the DT 31627 1859 22 limestone limestone NN 31627 1859 23 below below IN 31627 1859 24 the the DT 31627 1859 25 base base NN 31627 1859 26 of of IN 31627 1859 27 the the DT 31627 1859 28 trap trap NN 31627 1859 29 at at IN 31627 1859 30 Dudukur Dudukur NNP 31627 1859 31 . . . 31627 1860 1 The the DT 31627 1860 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1860 3 facies facie VBZ 31627 1860 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1860 5 of of IN 31627 1860 6 the the DT 31627 1860 7 forms form NNS 31627 1860 8 in in IN 31627 1860 9 this this DT 31627 1860 10 limestone limestone NN 31627 1860 11 is be VBZ 31627 1860 12 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1860 13 ; ; : 31627 1860 14 but but CC 31627 1860 15 there there EX 31627 1860 16 is be VBZ 31627 1860 17 a a DT 31627 1860 18 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1860 19 absence absence NN 31627 1860 20 of of IN 31627 1860 21 characteristic characteristic JJ 31627 1860 22 genera genera NN 31627 1860 23 . . . 31627 1861 1 On on IN 31627 1861 2 the the DT 31627 1861 3 other other JJ 31627 1861 4 hand hand NN 31627 1861 5 , , , 31627 1861 6 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1861 7 Blanford Blanford NNP 31627 1861 8 states state VBZ 31627 1861 9 that that IN 31627 1861 10 the the DT 31627 1861 11 bedded bed VBN 31627 1861 12 traps trap NNS 31627 1861 13 are be VBP 31627 1861 14 seen see VBN 31627 1861 15 to to TO 31627 1861 16 underlie underlie VB 31627 1861 17 the the DT 31627 1861 18 Eocene Eocene NNP 31627 1861 19 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1861 20 strata strata NN 31627 1861 21 with with IN 31627 1861 22 _ _ NNP 31627 1861 23 Nummulites Nummulites NNP 31627 1861 24 _ _ NNP 31627 1861 25 in in IN 31627 1861 26 Guzerat Guzerat NNP 31627 1861 27 and and CC 31627 1861 28 Cutch,[2 Cutch,[2 NNP 31627 1861 29 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1861 30 which which WDT 31627 1861 31 would would MD 31627 1861 32 appear appear VB 31627 1861 33 to to TO 31627 1861 34 determine determine VB 31627 1861 35 the the DT 31627 1861 36 limit limit NN 31627 1861 37 of of IN 31627 1861 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1861 39 age age NN 31627 1861 40 in in IN 31627 1861 41 one one CD 31627 1861 42 direction direction NN 31627 1861 43 . . . 31627 1862 1 On on IN 31627 1862 2 balancing balance VBG 31627 1862 3 the the DT 31627 1862 4 evidence evidence NN 31627 1862 5 , , , 31627 1862 6 however however RB 31627 1862 7 , , , 31627 1862 8 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1862 9 is be VBZ 31627 1862 10 tolerably tolerably RB 31627 1862 11 clear clear JJ 31627 1862 12 that that IN 31627 1862 13 the the DT 31627 1862 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1862 15 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1862 16 commenced commence VBD 31627 1862 17 towards towards IN 31627 1862 18 the the DT 31627 1862 19 close close NN 31627 1862 20 of of IN 31627 1862 21 the the DT 31627 1862 22 Cretaceous cretaceous JJ 31627 1862 23 period period NN 31627 1862 24 , , , 31627 1862 25 and and CC 31627 1862 26 continued continue VBD 31627 1862 27 into into IN 31627 1862 28 the the DT 31627 1862 29 commencement commencement NN 31627 1862 30 of of IN 31627 1862 31 the the DT 31627 1862 32 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1862 33 , , , 31627 1862 34 thus thus RB 31627 1862 35 bridging bridge VBG 31627 1862 36 over over IN 31627 1862 37 the the DT 31627 1862 38 interval interval NN 31627 1862 39 between between IN 31627 1862 40 the the DT 31627 1862 41 two two CD 31627 1862 42 epochs epoch NNS 31627 1862 43 ; ; : 31627 1862 44 and and CC 31627 1862 45 since since IN 31627 1862 46 the the DT 31627 1862 47 greater great JJR 31627 1862 48 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1862 49 have have VBP 31627 1862 50 been be VBN 31627 1862 51 exposed expose VBN 31627 1862 52 throughout throughout IN 31627 1862 53 the the DT 31627 1862 54 whole whole NN 31627 1862 55 of of IN 31627 1862 56 the the DT 31627 1862 57 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1862 58 and and CC 31627 1862 59 Quarternary Quarternary NNP 31627 1862 60 periods period NNS 31627 1862 61 , , , 31627 1862 62 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1862 63 is be VBZ 31627 1862 64 not not RB 31627 1862 65 surprising surprising JJ 31627 1862 66 if if IN 31627 1862 67 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1862 68 have have VBP 31627 1862 69 suffered suffer VBN 31627 1862 70 enormously enormously RB 31627 1862 71 from from IN 31627 1862 72 denuding denude VBG 31627 1862 73 agencies agency NNS 31627 1862 74 , , , 31627 1862 75 and and CC 31627 1862 76 that that IN 31627 1862 77 any any DT 31627 1862 78 craters crater NNS 31627 1862 79 or or CC 31627 1862 80 cones cone NNS 31627 1862 81 of of IN 31627 1862 82 eruption eruption NN 31627 1862 83 that that WDT 31627 1862 84 may may MD 31627 1862 85 once once RB 31627 1862 86 have have VB 31627 1862 87 existed exist VBN 31627 1862 88 have have VBP 31627 1862 89 disappeared disappear VBN 31627 1862 90 . . . 31627 1863 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1863 2 1 1 LS 31627 1863 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1863 4 The the DT 31627 1863 5 Deccan deccan JJ 31627 1863 6 Traps Traps NNPS 31627 1863 7 have have VBP 31627 1863 8 been be VBN 31627 1863 9 described describe VBN 31627 1863 10 by by IN 31627 1863 11 Sykes Sykes NNP 31627 1863 12 , , , 31627 1863 13 _ _ NNP 31627 1863 14 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1863 15 . . . 31627 1864 1 Trans Trans NNPS 31627 1864 2 . . . 31627 1864 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1864 4 , , , 31627 1864 5 2nd 2nd NNP 31627 1864 6 Series Series NNP 31627 1864 7 , , , 31627 1864 8 vol vol NNP 31627 1864 9 . . . 31627 1865 1 iv iv XX 31627 1865 2 . . . 31627 1866 1 ; ; : 31627 1866 2 also also RB 31627 1866 3 Rev. Rev. NNP 31627 1867 1 S. S. NNP 31627 1867 2 Hislop Hislop NNP 31627 1867 3 , , , 31627 1867 4 " " `` 31627 1867 5 On on IN 31627 1867 6 the the DT 31627 1867 7 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1867 8 of of IN 31627 1867 9 the the DT 31627 1867 10 Neighbourhood Neighbourhood NNP 31627 1867 11 of of IN 31627 1867 12 Nagpur Nagpur NNP 31627 1867 13 , , , 31627 1867 14 Central Central NNP 31627 1867 15 India India NNP 31627 1867 16 , , , 31627 1867 17 " " '' 31627 1867 18 _ _ NNP 31627 1867 19 Quart Quart NNP 31627 1867 20 . . . 31627 1868 1 Journ Journ NNP 31627 1868 2 . . . 31627 1869 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1869 2 . . . 31627 1870 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1870 2 . . . 31627 1870 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1870 4 , , , 31627 1870 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1870 6 . . . 31627 1871 1 x. x. NNP 31627 1871 2 p. p. NN 31627 1871 3 274 274 CD 31627 1871 4 ; ; : 31627 1871 5 and and CC 31627 1871 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1871 7 Ibid Ibid NNP 31627 1871 8 . . . 31627 1871 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1871 10 , , , 31627 1871 11 vol vol NNP 31627 1871 12 . . . 31627 1872 1 xvi xvi NNP 31627 1872 2 . . . 31627 1873 1 p. p. NN 31627 1873 2 154 154 CD 31627 1873 3 . . . 31627 1874 1 Also also RB 31627 1874 2 , , , 31627 1874 3 H. H. NNP 31627 1874 4 B. B. NNP 31627 1874 5 Medlicott Medlicott NNP 31627 1874 6 and and CC 31627 1874 7 W. W. NNP 31627 1874 8 T. T. NNP 31627 1874 9 Blanford Blanford NNP 31627 1874 10 , , , 31627 1874 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1874 12 Manual Manual NNP 31627 1874 13 of of IN 31627 1874 14 the the DT 31627 1874 15 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1874 16 of of IN 31627 1874 17 India India NNP 31627 1874 18 _ _ NNP 31627 1874 19 , , , 31627 1874 20 vol vol NNP 31627 1874 21 . . . 31627 1875 1 i. i. NNP 31627 1876 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1876 2 1879 1879 CD 31627 1876 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1876 4 . . . 31627 1877 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1877 2 2 2 LS 31627 1877 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1877 4 Blanford Blanford NNP 31627 1877 5 , , , 31627 1877 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1877 7 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1877 8 of of IN 31627 1877 9 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 31627 1877 10 _ _ NNP 31627 1877 11 , , , 31627 1877 12 p. p. NN 31627 1877 13 185 185 CD 31627 1877 14 . . . 31627 1878 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1878 2 II II NNP 31627 1878 3 . . . 31627 1879 1 ABYSSINIAN ABYSSINIAN NNP 31627 1879 2 TABLE TABLE NNP 31627 1879 3 - - HYPH 31627 1879 4 LANDS LANDS NNP 31627 1879 5 . . . 31627 1880 1 Another another DT 31627 1880 2 region region NN 31627 1880 3 in in IN 31627 1880 4 which which WDT 31627 1880 5 the the DT 31627 1880 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1880 7 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1880 8 bear bear VBP 31627 1880 9 a a DT 31627 1880 10 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1880 11 analogy analogy NN 31627 1880 12 to to IN 31627 1880 13 those those DT 31627 1880 14 of of IN 31627 1880 15 Central Central NNP 31627 1880 16 India India NNP 31627 1880 17 , , , 31627 1880 18 just just RB 31627 1880 19 described describe VBN 31627 1880 20 , , , 31627 1880 21 is be VBZ 31627 1880 22 that that DT 31627 1880 23 of of IN 31627 1880 24 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 31627 1880 25 . . . 31627 1881 1 Nor nor CC 31627 1881 2 are be VBP 31627 1881 3 these these DT 31627 1881 4 tracts tract NNS 31627 1881 5 so so RB 31627 1881 6 widely widely RB 31627 1881 7 separated separate VBN 31627 1881 8 that that IN 31627 1881 9 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1881 10 may may MD 31627 1881 11 not not RB 31627 1881 12 be be VB 31627 1881 13 considered consider VBN 31627 1881 14 as as IN 31627 1881 15 portions portion NNS 31627 1881 16 of of IN 31627 1881 17 one one CD 31627 1881 18 great great JJ 31627 1881 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1881 20 area area NN 31627 1881 21 extending extend VBG 31627 1881 22 from from IN 31627 1881 23 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 31627 1881 24 , , , 31627 1881 25 through through IN 31627 1881 26 Southern Southern NNP 31627 1881 27 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1881 28 , , , 31627 1881 29 into into IN 31627 1881 30 Cutch Cutch NNP 31627 1881 31 and and CC 31627 1881 32 the the DT 31627 1881 33 Deccan Deccan NNP 31627 1881 34 , , , 31627 1881 35 in in IN 31627 1881 36 the the DT 31627 1881 37 one one CD 31627 1881 38 direction direction NN 31627 1881 39 , , , 31627 1881 40 while while IN 31627 1881 41 the the DT 31627 1881 42 great great JJ 31627 1881 43 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1881 44 cones cone NNS 31627 1881 45 of of IN 31627 1881 46 Kenia Kenia NNP 31627 1881 47 and and CC 31627 1881 48 Kilimanjaro Kilimanjaro NNP 31627 1881 49 , , , 31627 1881 50 with with IN 31627 1881 51 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1881 52 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1881 53 tracts tract NNS 31627 1881 54 of of IN 31627 1881 55 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1881 56 matter matter NN 31627 1881 57 , , , 31627 1881 58 may may MD 31627 1881 59 be be VB 31627 1881 60 the the DT 31627 1881 61 extreme extreme JJ 31627 1881 62 prolongations prolongation NNS 31627 1881 63 in in IN 31627 1881 64 the the DT 31627 1881 65 other other JJ 31627 1881 66 . . . 31627 1882 1 Along along IN 31627 1882 2 this this DT 31627 1882 3 tract tract NN 31627 1882 4 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1882 5 operations operation NNS 31627 1882 6 are be VBP 31627 1882 7 still still RB 31627 1882 8 active active JJ 31627 1882 9 in in IN 31627 1882 10 the the DT 31627 1882 11 Gulf Gulf NNP 31627 1882 12 of of IN 31627 1882 13 Aden Aden NNP 31627 1882 14 ; ; , 31627 1882 15 and and CC 31627 1882 16 cones cone NNS 31627 1882 17 quite quite RB 31627 1882 18 unchanged unchanged JJ 31627 1882 19 in in IN 31627 1882 20 form form NN 31627 1882 21 , , , 31627 1882 22 and and CC 31627 1882 23 evidently evidently RB 31627 1882 24 of of IN 31627 1882 25 very very RB 31627 1882 26 recent recent JJ 31627 1882 27 date date NN 31627 1882 28 , , , 31627 1882 29 abound abound VBP 31627 1882 30 in in IN 31627 1882 31 many many JJ 31627 1882 32 places place NNS 31627 1882 33 along along IN 31627 1882 34 the the DT 31627 1882 35 coast coast NN 31627 1882 36 both both DT 31627 1882 37 of of IN 31627 1882 38 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 1882 39 and and CC 31627 1882 40 Africa Africa NNP 31627 1882 41 . . . 31627 1883 1 The the DT 31627 1883 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1883 3 formations formation NNS 31627 1883 4 of of IN 31627 1883 5 this this DT 31627 1883 6 tract tract NN 31627 1883 7 are be VBP 31627 1883 8 , , , 31627 1883 9 however however RB 31627 1883 10 , , , 31627 1883 11 much much RB 31627 1883 12 more more RBR 31627 1883 13 recent recent JJ 31627 1883 14 than than IN 31627 1883 15 those those DT 31627 1883 16 which which WDT 31627 1883 17 occupy occupy VBP 31627 1883 18 the the DT 31627 1883 19 high high JJ 31627 1883 20 plateaux plateaux NN 31627 1883 21 of of IN 31627 1883 22 Central central JJ 31627 1883 23 and and CC 31627 1883 24 Southern Southern NNP 31627 1883 25 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 31627 1883 26 of of IN 31627 1883 27 which which WDT 31627 1883 28 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1883 29 are be VBP 31627 1883 30 about about JJ 31627 1883 31 to to TO 31627 1883 32 speak speak VB 31627 1883 33 . . . 31627 1884 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1884 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1884 3 a. a. NN 31627 1884 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1884 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1884 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1884 7 Physical Physical NNP 31627 1884 8 Features._--Abyssinia features._--abyssinia CD 31627 1884 9 forms form VBZ 31627 1884 10 a a DT 31627 1884 11 compact compact JJ 31627 1884 12 region region NN 31627 1884 13 of of IN 31627 1884 14 lofty lofty JJ 31627 1884 15 plateaux plateaux RB 31627 1884 16 intersected intersect VBN 31627 1884 17 by by IN 31627 1884 18 deep deep JJ 31627 1884 19 valleys valley NNS 31627 1884 20 , , , 31627 1884 21 interposed interpose VBN 31627 1884 22 between between IN 31627 1884 23 the the DT 31627 1884 24 basin basin NN 31627 1884 25 of of IN 31627 1884 26 the the DT 31627 1884 27 Nile Nile NNP 31627 1884 28 on on IN 31627 1884 29 the the DT 31627 1884 30 west west NN 31627 1884 31 , , , 31627 1884 32 and and CC 31627 1884 33 the the DT 31627 1884 34 low low RB 31627 1884 35 - - HYPH 31627 1884 36 lying lie VBG 31627 1884 37 tract tract NN 31627 1884 38 bordering border VBG 31627 1884 39 the the DT 31627 1884 40 Red Red NNP 31627 1884 41 Sea Sea NNP 31627 1884 42 and and CC 31627 1884 43 the the DT 31627 1884 44 Indian Indian NNP 31627 1884 45 Ocean Ocean NNP 31627 1884 46 on on IN 31627 1884 47 the the DT 31627 1884 48 east east NN 31627 1884 49 . . . 31627 1885 1 The the DT 31627 1885 2 plateaux plateaux NN 31627 1885 3 are be VBP 31627 1885 4 deeply deeply RB 31627 1885 5 intersected intersect VBN 31627 1885 6 by by IN 31627 1885 7 valleys valley NNS 31627 1885 8 and and CC 31627 1885 9 ravines ravine NNS 31627 1885 10 , , , 31627 1885 11 giving give VBG 31627 1885 12 birth birth NN 31627 1885 13 to to IN 31627 1885 14 streams stream NNS 31627 1885 15 which which WDT 31627 1885 16 feed feed VBP 31627 1885 17 the the DT 31627 1885 18 head head NN 31627 1885 19 waters water NNS 31627 1885 20 of of IN 31627 1885 21 the the DT 31627 1885 22 Blue Blue NNP 31627 1885 23 Nile Nile NNP 31627 1885 24 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1885 25 Bahr Bahr NNP 31627 1885 26 el el NNP 31627 1885 27 Arak Arak NNP 31627 1885 28 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1885 29 and and CC 31627 1885 30 the the DT 31627 1885 31 Atbara Atbara NNP 31627 1885 32 . . . 31627 1886 1 Several several JJ 31627 1886 2 fine fine JJ 31627 1886 3 lakes lake NNS 31627 1886 4 lie lie VBP 31627 1886 5 in in IN 31627 1886 6 the the DT 31627 1886 7 lap lap NN 31627 1886 8 of of IN 31627 1886 9 the the DT 31627 1886 10 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1886 11 , , , 31627 1886 12 of of IN 31627 1886 13 which which WDT 31627 1886 14 the the DT 31627 1886 15 Zana Zana NNP 31627 1886 16 , , , 31627 1886 17 or or CC 31627 1886 18 Dembia Dembia NNP 31627 1886 19 , , , 31627 1886 20 is be VBZ 31627 1886 21 the the DT 31627 1886 22 largest large JJS 31627 1886 23 , , , 31627 1886 24 and and CC 31627 1886 25 next next JJ 31627 1886 26 Ashangi Ashangi NNP 31627 1886 27 , , , 31627 1886 28 visited visit VBN 31627 1886 29 by by IN 31627 1886 30 the the DT 31627 1886 31 British british JJ 31627 1886 32 army army NN 31627 1886 33 on on IN 31627 1886 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1886 35 march march NN 31627 1886 36 to to IN 31627 1886 37 Magdala Magdala NNP 31627 1886 38 in in IN 31627 1886 39 1868 1868 CD 31627 1886 40 , , , 31627 1886 41 and and CC 31627 1886 42 which which WDT 31627 1886 43 , , , 31627 1886 44 from from IN 31627 1886 45 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1886 46 form form NN 31627 1886 47 and and CC 31627 1886 48 the the DT 31627 1886 49 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1886 50 nature nature NN 31627 1886 51 of of IN 31627 1886 52 the the DT 31627 1886 53 surrounding surround VBG 31627 1886 54 hills hill NNS 31627 1886 55 , , , 31627 1886 56 appears appear VBZ 31627 1886 57 to to TO 31627 1886 58 occupy occupy VB 31627 1886 59 the the DT 31627 1886 60 hollow hollow NN 31627 1886 61 of of IN 31627 1886 62 an an DT 31627 1886 63 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1886 64 crater crater NN 31627 1886 65 . . . 31627 1887 1 The the DT 31627 1887 2 table table NN 31627 1887 3 - - HYPH 31627 1887 4 land land NN 31627 1887 5 of of IN 31627 1887 6 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 31627 1887 7 reaches reach VBZ 31627 1887 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1887 9 highest high JJS 31627 1887 10 elevation elevation NN 31627 1887 11 along along IN 31627 1887 12 the the DT 31627 1887 13 eastern eastern JJ 31627 1887 14 and and CC 31627 1887 15 southern southern JJ 31627 1887 16 margin margin NN 31627 1887 17 , , , 31627 1887 18 where where WRB 31627 1887 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1887 20 average average JJ 31627 1887 21 height height NN 31627 1887 22 may may MD 31627 1887 23 be be VB 31627 1887 24 8,000 8,000 CD 31627 1887 25 to to TO 31627 1887 26 10,000 10,000 CD 31627 1887 27 feet foot NNS 31627 1887 28 ; ; : 31627 1887 29 but but CC 31627 1887 30 some some DT 31627 1887 31 peaks peak NNS 31627 1887 32 rise rise VBP 31627 1887 33 to to IN 31627 1887 34 a a DT 31627 1887 35 height height NN 31627 1887 36 of of IN 31627 1887 37 12,000 12,000 CD 31627 1887 38 to to TO 31627 1887 39 15,000 15,000 CD 31627 1887 40 feet foot NNS 31627 1887 41 in in IN 31627 1887 42 Shoa Shoa NNP 31627 1887 43 and and CC 31627 1887 44 Ankobar Ankobar NNP 31627 1887 45 . . . 31627 1888 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1888 2 1 1 CD 31627 1888 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1888 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1888 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1888 6 b. b. NNP 31627 1888 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1888 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1888 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1888 10 Basaltic Basaltic NNP 31627 1888 11 Lava Lava NNP 31627 1888 12 Sheets._--An sheets._--an JJ 31627 1888 13 enormous enormous JJ 31627 1888 14 area area NN 31627 1888 15 of of IN 31627 1888 16 this this DT 31627 1888 17 country country NN 31627 1888 18 seems seem VBZ 31627 1888 19 to to TO 31627 1888 20 be be VB 31627 1888 21 composed compose VBN 31627 1888 22 of of IN 31627 1888 23 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1888 24 rocks rock NNS 31627 1888 25 chiefly chiefly RB 31627 1888 26 in in IN 31627 1888 27 the the DT 31627 1888 28 form form NN 31627 1888 29 of of IN 31627 1888 30 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1888 31 of of IN 31627 1888 32 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1888 33 lava lava NN 31627 1888 34 , , , 31627 1888 35 which which WDT 31627 1888 36 rise rise VBP 31627 1888 37 into into IN 31627 1888 38 high high JJ 31627 1888 39 plateaux plateaux NN 31627 1888 40 , , , 31627 1888 41 and and CC 31627 1888 42 break break VB 31627 1888 43 off off RP 31627 1888 44 in in IN 31627 1888 45 steep steep NN 31627 1888 46 -- -- : 31627 1888 47 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 1888 48 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 1888 49 -- -- : 31627 1888 50 mural mural JJ 31627 1888 51 escarpments escarpment NNS 31627 1888 52 along along IN 31627 1888 53 the the DT 31627 1888 54 sides side NNS 31627 1888 55 of of IN 31627 1888 56 the the DT 31627 1888 57 valleys valley NNS 31627 1888 58 . . . 31627 1889 1 These these DT 31627 1889 2 are be VBP 31627 1889 3 divisible divisible JJ 31627 1889 4 into into IN 31627 1889 5 the the DT 31627 1889 6 following follow VBG 31627 1889 7 series:-- series:-- NN 31627 1889 8 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1889 9 1 1 CD 31627 1889 10 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1889 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1889 12 The the DT 31627 1889 13 Ashangi Ashangi NNP 31627 1889 14 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1889 15 Series._--The series._--the DT 31627 1889 16 earliest early JJS 31627 1889 17 forerunners forerunner NNS 31627 1889 18 of of IN 31627 1889 19 the the DT 31627 1889 20 more more RBR 31627 1889 21 recent recent JJ 31627 1889 22 lavas lavas NN 31627 1889 23 seem seem VBP 31627 1889 24 to to TO 31627 1889 25 have have VB 31627 1889 26 been be VBN 31627 1889 27 erupted erupt VBN 31627 1889 28 in in IN 31627 1889 29 Jurassic Jurassic NNP 31627 1889 30 times times NNP 31627 1889 31 , , , 31627 1889 32 in in IN 31627 1889 33 the the DT 31627 1889 34 form form NN 31627 1889 35 of of IN 31627 1889 36 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1889 37 of of IN 31627 1889 38 contemporaneous contemporaneous JJ 31627 1889 39 basalt basalt NN 31627 1889 40 or or CC 31627 1889 41 dolerite dolerite VB 31627 1889 42 amongst amongst IN 31627 1889 43 the the DT 31627 1889 44 Antola Antola NNP 31627 1889 45 limestones limestone NNS 31627 1889 46 which which WDT 31627 1889 47 are be VBP 31627 1889 48 of of IN 31627 1889 49 this this DT 31627 1889 50 period period NN 31627 1889 51 . . . 31627 1890 1 But but CC 31627 1890 2 the the DT 31627 1890 3 great great JJ 31627 1890 4 mass mass NN 31627 1890 5 of of IN 31627 1890 6 the the DT 31627 1890 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1890 8 rocks rock NNS 31627 1890 9 are be VBP 31627 1890 10 much much RB 31627 1890 11 more more RBR 31627 1890 12 recent recent JJ 31627 1890 13 , , , 31627 1890 14 and and CC 31627 1890 15 may may MD 31627 1890 16 be be VB 31627 1890 17 confidently confidently RB 31627 1890 18 referred refer VBN 31627 1890 19 to to IN 31627 1890 20 the the DT 31627 1890 21 late late JJ 31627 1890 22 Cretaceous cretaceous JJ 31627 1890 23 or or CC 31627 1890 24 early early JJ 31627 1890 25 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1890 26 epochs epoch NNS 31627 1890 27 . . . 31627 1891 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1891 2 resemblance resemblance NN 31627 1891 3 to to IN 31627 1891 4 the the DT 31627 1891 5 great great JJ 31627 1891 6 trappean trappean JJ 31627 1891 7 series series NN 31627 1891 8 of of IN 31627 1891 9 Western Western NNP 31627 1891 10 India India NNP 31627 1891 11 , , , 31627 1891 12 even even RB 31627 1891 13 in in IN 31627 1891 14 minute minute JJ 31627 1891 15 particulars particular NNS 31627 1891 16 , , , 31627 1891 17 is be VBZ 31627 1891 18 referred refer VBN 31627 1891 19 to to IN 31627 1891 20 by by IN 31627 1891 21 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1891 22 Blanford Blanford NNP 31627 1891 23 , , , 31627 1891 24 who who WP 31627 1891 25 suggests suggest VBZ 31627 1891 26 the the DT 31627 1891 27 view view NN 31627 1891 28 that that IN 31627 1891 29 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1891 30 belong belong VBP 31627 1891 31 to to IN 31627 1891 32 one one CD 31627 1891 33 and and CC 31627 1891 34 the the DT 31627 1891 35 same same JJ 31627 1891 36 great great JJ 31627 1891 37 series series NN 31627 1891 38 of of IN 31627 1891 39 lava lava NN 31627 1891 40 - - HYPH 31627 1891 41 flows flow NNS 31627 1891 42 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1891 43 over over IN 31627 1891 44 the the DT 31627 1891 45 surface surface NN 31627 1891 46 of of IN 31627 1891 47 this this DT 31627 1891 48 part part NN 31627 1891 49 of of IN 31627 1891 50 the the DT 31627 1891 51 globe globe NN 31627 1891 52 . . . 31627 1892 1 This this DT 31627 1892 2 view view NN 31627 1892 3 is be VBZ 31627 1892 4 inherently inherently RB 31627 1892 5 probable probable JJ 31627 1892 6 . . . 31627 1893 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 1893 2 consist consist VBP 31627 1893 3 of of IN 31627 1893 4 basalts basalt NNS 31627 1893 5 and and CC 31627 1893 6 dolerites dolerite NNS 31627 1893 7 , , , 31627 1893 8 generally generally RB 31627 1893 9 amygdaloidal amygdaloidal JJ 31627 1893 10 , , , 31627 1893 11 with with IN 31627 1893 12 nodules nodule NNS 31627 1893 13 of of IN 31627 1893 14 agate agate NN 31627 1893 15 and and CC 31627 1893 16 zeolite zeolite JJ 31627 1893 17 , , , 31627 1893 18 and and CC 31627 1893 19 are be VBP 31627 1893 20 frequently frequently RB 31627 1893 21 coated coat VBN 31627 1893 22 with with IN 31627 1893 23 green green JJ 31627 1893 24 - - HYPH 31627 1893 25 earth earth NN 31627 1893 26 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1893 27 chlorite chlorite NN 31627 1893 28 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1893 29 . . . 31627 1894 1 Beds bed NNS 31627 1894 2 of of IN 31627 1894 3 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1894 4 ash ash NN 31627 1894 5 or or CC 31627 1894 6 breccia breccia NNP 31627 1894 7 also also RB 31627 1894 8 frequently frequently RB 31627 1894 9 occur occur VBP 31627 1894 10 , , , 31627 1894 11 and and CC 31627 1894 12 often often RB 31627 1894 13 contain contain VBP 31627 1894 14 augite augite JJ 31627 1894 15 crystals crystal NNS 31627 1894 16 . . . 31627 1895 1 At at IN 31627 1895 2 Senafé Senafé NNP 31627 1895 3 , , , 31627 1895 4 hills hill NNS 31627 1895 5 of of IN 31627 1895 6 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1895 7 passing pass VBG 31627 1895 8 into into IN 31627 1895 9 claystone claystone NN 31627 1895 10 and and CC 31627 1895 11 basalt basalt NN 31627 1895 12 were be VBD 31627 1895 13 observed observe VBN 31627 1895 14 by by IN 31627 1895 15 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1895 16 Blanford Blanford NNP 31627 1895 17 , , , 31627 1895 18 but but CC 31627 1895 19 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1895 20 is be VBZ 31627 1895 21 not not RB 31627 1895 22 clear clear JJ 31627 1895 23 what what WP 31627 1895 24 are be VBP 31627 1895 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1895 26 relations relation NNS 31627 1895 27 to to IN 31627 1895 28 the the DT 31627 1895 29 plateau plateau NN 31627 1895 30 - - HYPH 31627 1895 31 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1895 32 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1895 33 . . . 31627 1896 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1896 2 2 2 CD 31627 1896 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1896 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1896 5 2 2 LS 31627 1896 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1896 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1896 8 Magdala Magdala NNP 31627 1896 9 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 1896 10 Series._--This series._--this CD 31627 1896 11 is be VBZ 31627 1896 12 a a DT 31627 1896 13 more more RBR 31627 1896 14 recent recent JJ 31627 1896 15 group group NN 31627 1896 16 of of IN 31627 1896 17 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1896 18 lavas lavas NNP 31627 1896 19 , , , 31627 1896 20 chiefly chiefly RB 31627 1896 21 distinguished distinguish VBD 31627 1896 22 from from IN 31627 1896 23 the the DT 31627 1896 24 lower low JJR 31627 1896 25 , , , 31627 1896 26 or or CC 31627 1896 27 Ashangi Ashangi NNP 31627 1896 28 , , , 31627 1896 29 group group NN 31627 1896 30 , , , 31627 1896 31 by by IN 31627 1896 32 the the DT 31627 1896 33 occurrence occurrence NN 31627 1896 34 of of IN 31627 1896 35 thick thick JJ 31627 1896 36 beds bed NNS 31627 1896 37 of of IN 31627 1896 38 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1896 39 , , , 31627 1896 40 usually usually RB 31627 1896 41 more more RBR 31627 1896 42 or or CC 31627 1896 43 less less RBR 31627 1896 44 crystalline crystalline JJ 31627 1896 45 , , , 31627 1896 46 and and CC 31627 1896 47 containing contain VBG 31627 1896 48 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 1896 49 crystals crystal NNS 31627 1896 50 of of IN 31627 1896 51 sanidine sanidine CD 31627 1896 52 . . . 31627 1897 1 The the DT 31627 1897 2 beds bed NNS 31627 1897 3 of of IN 31627 1897 4 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1897 5 break break NN 31627 1897 6 off off RP 31627 1897 7 in in IN 31627 1897 8 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 1897 9 scarps scarps NN 31627 1897 10 , , , 31627 1897 11 and and CC 31627 1897 12 being be VBG 31627 1897 13 of of IN 31627 1897 14 great great JJ 31627 1897 15 thickness thickness NN 31627 1897 16 and and CC 31627 1897 17 perfectly perfectly RB 31627 1897 18 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1897 19 , , , 31627 1897 20 are be VBP 31627 1897 21 unusually unusually RB 31627 1897 22 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 31627 1897 23 . . . 31627 1898 1 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1898 2 Blanford Blanford NNP 31627 1898 3 says say VBZ 31627 1898 4 , , , 31627 1898 5 with with IN 31627 1898 6 regard regard NN 31627 1898 7 to to IN 31627 1898 8 this this DT 31627 1898 9 group group NN 31627 1898 10 , , , 31627 1898 11 that that IN 31627 1898 12 there there EX 31627 1898 13 is be VBZ 31627 1898 14 a a DT 31627 1898 15 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1898 16 resemblance resemblance NN 31627 1898 17 in in IN 31627 1898 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1898 19 physical physical JJ 31627 1898 20 aspect aspect NN 31627 1898 21 to to IN 31627 1898 22 the the DT 31627 1898 23 scenery scenery NN 31627 1898 24 of of IN 31627 1898 25 the the DT 31627 1898 26 Deccan Deccan NNP 31627 1898 27 and and CC 31627 1898 28 the the DT 31627 1898 29 higher high JJR 31627 1898 30 valleys valley NNS 31627 1898 31 of of IN 31627 1898 32 the the DT 31627 1898 33 Western Western NNP 31627 1898 34 Ghats Ghats NNPS 31627 1898 35 of of IN 31627 1898 36 India India NNP 31627 1898 37 , , , 31627 1898 38 but but CC 31627 1898 39 the the DT 31627 1898 40 peculiarities peculiarity NNS 31627 1898 41 of of IN 31627 1898 42 the the DT 31627 1898 43 landscape landscape NN 31627 1898 44 are be VBP 31627 1898 45 exaggerated exaggerate VBN 31627 1898 46 in in IN 31627 1898 47 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 31627 1898 48 . . . 31627 1899 1 Many many JJ 31627 1899 2 of of IN 31627 1899 3 the the DT 31627 1899 4 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 1899 5 beds bed NNS 31627 1899 6 are be VBP 31627 1899 7 brecciated brecciate VBN 31627 1899 8 and and CC 31627 1899 9 highly highly RB 31627 1899 10 columnar columnar JJ 31627 1899 11 ; ; : 31627 1899 12 sedimentary sedimentary JJ 31627 1899 13 beds bed NNS 31627 1899 14 are be VBP 31627 1899 15 also also RB 31627 1899 16 interstratified interstratify VBN 31627 1899 17 with with IN 31627 1899 18 those those DT 31627 1899 19 of of IN 31627 1899 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1899 21 origin origin NN 31627 1899 22 . . . 31627 1900 1 The the DT 31627 1900 2 Magdala Magdala NNP 31627 1900 3 group group NN 31627 1900 4 is be VBZ 31627 1900 5 unconformable unconformable JJ 31627 1900 6 to to IN 31627 1900 7 that that DT 31627 1900 8 of of IN 31627 1900 9 Ashangi Ashangi NNP 31627 1900 10 in in IN 31627 1900 11 some some DT 31627 1900 12 places place NNS 31627 1900 13 . . . 31627 1901 1 A a DT 31627 1901 2 still still RB 31627 1901 3 more more RBR 31627 1901 4 recent recent JJ 31627 1901 5 group group NN 31627 1901 6 of of IN 31627 1901 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1901 8 rocks rock NNS 31627 1901 9 appears appear VBZ 31627 1901 10 to to TO 31627 1901 11 occur occur VB 31627 1901 12 in in IN 31627 1901 13 the the DT 31627 1901 14 neighbourhood neighbourhood NN 31627 1901 15 of of IN 31627 1901 16 Senafé Senafé NNP 31627 1901 17 , , , 31627 1901 18 consisting consist VBG 31627 1901 19 of of IN 31627 1901 20 amorphous amorphous JJ 31627 1901 21 masses masse NNS 31627 1901 22 of of IN 31627 1901 23 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 1901 24 , , , 31627 1901 25 often often RB 31627 1901 26 so so RB 31627 1901 27 fine fine RB 31627 1901 28 - - HYPH 31627 1901 29 grained grain VBN 31627 1901 30 and and CC 31627 1901 31 compact compact JJ 31627 1901 32 as as IN 31627 1901 33 to to TO 31627 1901 34 pass pass VB 31627 1901 35 into into IN 31627 1901 36 claystone claystone NN 31627 1901 37 and and CC 31627 1901 38 to to TO 31627 1901 39 resemble resemble VB 31627 1901 40 sandstone sandstone NN 31627 1901 41 . . . 31627 1902 1 At at IN 31627 1902 2 Akub Akub NNP 31627 1902 3 Teriki Teriki NNP 31627 1902 4 the the DT 31627 1902 5 rocks rock NNS 31627 1902 6 appear appear VBP 31627 1902 7 to to TO 31627 1902 8 be be VB 31627 1902 9 in in IN 31627 1902 10 the the DT 31627 1902 11 immediate immediate JJ 31627 1902 12 vicinity vicinity NN 31627 1902 13 of of IN 31627 1902 14 an an DT 31627 1902 15 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1902 16 vent vent NN 31627 1902 17 of of IN 31627 1902 18 eruption eruption NN 31627 1902 19 . . . 31627 1903 1 From from IN 31627 1903 2 what what WP 31627 1903 3 has have VBZ 31627 1903 4 been be VBN 31627 1903 5 said say VBN 31627 1903 6 , , , 31627 1903 7 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1903 8 will will MD 31627 1903 9 be be VB 31627 1903 10 apparent apparent JJ 31627 1903 11 that that IN 31627 1903 12 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 31627 1903 13 offers offer VBZ 31627 1903 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1903 15 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1903 16 of of IN 31627 1903 17 great great JJ 31627 1903 18 interest interest NN 31627 1903 19 for for IN 31627 1903 20 the the DT 31627 1903 21 observer observer NN 31627 1903 22 . . . 31627 1904 1 There there EX 31627 1904 2 is be VBZ 31627 1904 3 considerable considerable JJ 31627 1904 4 variety variety NN 31627 1904 5 in in IN 31627 1904 6 the the DT 31627 1904 7 rock rock NN 31627 1904 8 masses masse NNS 31627 1904 9 , , , 31627 1904 10 in in IN 31627 1904 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1904 12 mode mode NN 31627 1904 13 of of IN 31627 1904 14 distribution distribution NN 31627 1904 15 , , , 31627 1904 16 and and CC 31627 1904 17 in in IN 31627 1904 18 the the DT 31627 1904 19 scenery scenery NN 31627 1904 20 which which WDT 31627 1904 21 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1904 22 produce produce VBP 31627 1904 23 . . . 31627 1905 1 The the DT 31627 1905 2 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1905 3 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 1905 4 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1905 5 of of IN 31627 1905 6 lava lava NN 31627 1905 7 are be VBP 31627 1905 8 suggestive suggestive JJ 31627 1905 9 of of IN 31627 1905 10 fissure fissure NN 31627 1905 11 - - HYPH 31627 1905 12 eruption eruption NN 31627 1905 13 rather rather RB 31627 1905 14 than than IN 31627 1905 15 of of IN 31627 1905 16 eruption eruption NN 31627 1905 17 through through IN 31627 1905 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1905 19 craters crater NNS 31627 1905 20 ; ; : 31627 1905 21 and and CC 31627 1905 22 although although IN 31627 1905 23 these these DT 31627 1905 24 may may MD 31627 1905 25 have have VB 31627 1905 26 once once RB 31627 1905 27 been be VBN 31627 1905 28 in in IN 31627 1905 29 existence existence NN 31627 1905 30 , , , 31627 1905 31 denudation denudation NN 31627 1905 32 has have VBZ 31627 1905 33 left leave VBN 31627 1905 34 no no DT 31627 1905 35 vestiges vestige NNS 31627 1905 36 of of IN 31627 1905 37 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1905 38 at at IN 31627 1905 39 the the DT 31627 1905 40 present present JJ 31627 1905 41 day day NN 31627 1905 42 . . . 31627 1906 1 In in IN 31627 1906 2 all all PDT 31627 1906 3 these these DT 31627 1906 4 respects respect NNS 31627 1906 5 the the DT 31627 1906 6 resemblance resemblance NN 31627 1906 7 of of IN 31627 1906 8 the the DT 31627 1906 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1906 10 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1906 11 to to IN 31627 1906 12 those those DT 31627 1906 13 of of IN 31627 1906 14 Peninsular Peninsular NNP 31627 1906 15 India India NNP 31627 1906 16 is be VBZ 31627 1906 17 remarkably remarkably RB 31627 1906 18 striking striking JJ 31627 1906 19 ; ; : 31627 1906 20 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1906 21 suggests suggest VBZ 31627 1906 22 the the DT 31627 1906 23 view view NN 31627 1906 24 that that IN 31627 1906 25 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1906 26 are be VBP 31627 1906 27 contemporaneous contemporaneous JJ 31627 1906 28 as as IN 31627 1906 29 regards regard VBZ 31627 1906 30 the the DT 31627 1906 31 time time NN 31627 1906 32 of of IN 31627 1906 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1906 34 eruption eruption NN 31627 1906 35 , , , 31627 1906 36 and and CC 31627 1906 37 similar similar JJ 31627 1906 38 as as IN 31627 1906 39 regards regard VBZ 31627 1906 40 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1906 41 mode mode NN 31627 1906 42 of of IN 31627 1906 43 formation formation NN 31627 1906 44 . . . 31627 1907 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1907 2 1 1 CD 31627 1907 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1907 4 W. W. NNP 31627 1907 5 T. T. NNP 31627 1907 6 Blanford Blanford NNP 31627 1907 7 , , , 31627 1907 8 _ _ NNP 31627 1907 9 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1907 10 of of IN 31627 1907 11 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 31627 1907 12 _ _ NNP 31627 1907 13 , , , 31627 1907 14 pp pp NNP 31627 1907 15 . . . 31627 1908 1 151 151 CD 31627 1908 2 - - HYPH 31627 1908 3 2 2 CD 31627 1908 4 . . . 31627 1909 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1909 2 2 2 LS 31627 1909 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1909 4 Blanford Blanford NNP 31627 1909 5 , , , 31627 1909 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1909 7 loc loc NN 31627 1909 8 . . . 31627 1910 1 cit cit NNP 31627 1910 2 . . . 31627 1910 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1910 4 , , , 31627 1910 5 p. p. NN 31627 1910 6 182 182 CD 31627 1910 7 . . . 31627 1911 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1911 2 III III NNP 31627 1911 3 . . . 31627 1912 1 CAPE CAPE NNP 31627 1912 2 COLONY COLONY NNP 31627 1912 3 . . . 31627 1913 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1913 2 Basalt Basalt NNP 31627 1913 3 of of IN 31627 1913 4 the the DT 31627 1913 5 Plateau._--The Plateau._--The NNP 31627 1913 6 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1913 7 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1913 8 of of IN 31627 1913 9 plateau plateau NN 31627 1913 10 - - HYPH 31627 1913 11 basalt basalt NN 31627 1913 12 forming forming NN 31627 1913 13 portions portion NNS 31627 1913 14 of of IN 31627 1913 15 the the DT 31627 1913 16 Neuweld Neuweld NNP 31627 1913 17 range range NN 31627 1913 18 and and CC 31627 1913 19 the the DT 31627 1913 20 elevated elevated JJ 31627 1913 21 table table NN 31627 1913 22 - - HYPH 31627 1913 23 land land NN 31627 1913 24 of of IN 31627 1913 25 Cape Cape NNP 31627 1913 26 Colony Colony NNP 31627 1913 27 , , , 31627 1913 28 may may MD 31627 1913 29 be be VB 31627 1913 30 regarded regard VBN 31627 1913 31 as as IN 31627 1913 32 forerunners forerunner NNS 31627 1913 33 of of IN 31627 1913 34 those those DT 31627 1913 35 just just RB 31627 1913 36 described describe VBN 31627 1913 37 , , , 31627 1913 38 and and CC 31627 1913 39 possibly possibly RB 31627 1913 40 contemporaneous contemporaneous JJ 31627 1913 41 with with IN 31627 1913 42 the the DT 31627 1913 43 Ashangi Ashangi NNP 31627 1913 44 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1913 45 series series NN 31627 1913 46 of of IN 31627 1913 47 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 31627 1913 48 . . . 31627 1914 1 The the DT 31627 1914 2 great great JJ 31627 1914 3 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 1914 4 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1914 5 of of IN 31627 1914 6 the the DT 31627 1914 7 Cape Cape NNP 31627 1914 8 Colony Colony NNP 31627 1914 9 are be VBP 31627 1914 10 found find VBN 31627 1914 11 capping cap VBG 31627 1914 12 the the DT 31627 1914 13 highest high JJS 31627 1914 14 elevations elevation NNS 31627 1914 15 of of IN 31627 1914 16 the the DT 31627 1914 17 Camderboo Camderboo NNP 31627 1914 18 and and CC 31627 1914 19 Stormberg Stormberg NNP 31627 1914 20 ranges range VBZ 31627 1914 21 , , , 31627 1914 22 as as RB 31627 1914 23 well well RB 31627 1914 24 as as IN 31627 1914 25 overspreading overspread VBG 31627 1914 26 immense immense JJ 31627 1914 27 areas area NNS 31627 1914 28 of of IN 31627 1914 29 less less RBR 31627 1914 30 elevated elevated JJ 31627 1914 31 land land NN 31627 1914 32 , , , 31627 1914 33 to to IN 31627 1914 34 an an DT 31627 1914 35 extent extent NN 31627 1914 36 , , , 31627 1914 37 according accord VBG 31627 1914 38 to to IN 31627 1914 39 Professor Professor NNP 31627 1914 40 A. a. NN 31627 1914 41 H. H. NNP 31627 1914 42 Green Green NNP 31627 1914 43 , , , 31627 1914 44 of of IN 31627 1914 45 at at RB 31627 1914 46 least least JJS 31627 1914 47 120,000 120,000 CD 31627 1914 48 square square JJ 31627 1914 49 miles mile NNS 31627 1914 50 . . . 31627 1915 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1915 2 1 1 LS 31627 1915 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1915 4 Amongst amongst IN 31627 1915 5 these these DT 31627 1915 6 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1915 7 , , , 31627 1915 8 innumerable innumerable JJ 31627 1915 9 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1915 10 , , , 31627 1915 11 and and CC 31627 1915 12 masses masse NNS 31627 1915 13 of of IN 31627 1915 14 solid solid JJ 31627 1915 15 lava lava NN 31627 1915 16 which which WDT 31627 1915 17 filled fill VBD 31627 1915 18 the the DT 31627 1915 19 old old JJ 31627 1915 20 vents vent NNS 31627 1915 21 of of IN 31627 1915 22 eruption eruption NN 31627 1915 23 , , , 31627 1915 24 are be VBP 31627 1915 25 to to TO 31627 1915 26 be be VB 31627 1915 27 observed observe VBN 31627 1915 28 . . . 31627 1916 1 The the DT 31627 1916 2 floor floor NN 31627 1916 3 upon upon IN 31627 1916 4 which which WDT 31627 1916 5 the the DT 31627 1916 6 lava lava NN 31627 1916 7 - - HYPH 31627 1916 8 floods flood NNS 31627 1916 9 have have VBP 31627 1916 10 been be VBN 31627 1916 11 poured pour VBN 31627 1916 12 out out RP 31627 1916 13 generally generally RB 31627 1916 14 consists consist VBZ 31627 1916 15 of of IN 31627 1916 16 the the DT 31627 1916 17 " " `` 31627 1916 18 Cave Cave NNP 31627 1916 19 Sandstone Sandstone NNP 31627 1916 20 , , , 31627 1916 21 " " '' 31627 1916 22 the the DT 31627 1916 23 uppermost uppermost NNS 31627 1916 24 of of IN 31627 1916 25 a a DT 31627 1916 26 series series NN 31627 1916 27 of of IN 31627 1916 28 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1916 29 which which WDT 31627 1916 30 had have VBD 31627 1916 31 previously previously RB 31627 1916 32 been be VBN 31627 1916 33 laid lay VBN 31627 1916 34 down down RP 31627 1916 35 over over IN 31627 1916 36 the the DT 31627 1916 37 bed bed NN 31627 1916 38 of of IN 31627 1916 39 an an DT 31627 1916 40 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1916 41 lake lake NN 31627 1916 42 which which WDT 31627 1916 43 occupied occupy VBD 31627 1916 44 this this DT 31627 1916 45 part part NN 31627 1916 46 of of IN 31627 1916 47 Africa Africa NNP 31627 1916 48 during during IN 31627 1916 49 the the DT 31627 1916 50 Mesozoic mesozoic JJ 31627 1916 51 period period NN 31627 1916 52 . . . 31627 1917 1 After after IN 31627 1917 2 the the DT 31627 1917 3 deposition deposition NN 31627 1917 4 of of IN 31627 1917 5 this this DT 31627 1917 6 sandstone sandstone NN 31627 1917 7 , , , 31627 1917 8 the the DT 31627 1917 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1917 10 forces force NNS 31627 1917 11 appear appear VBP 31627 1917 12 to to TO 31627 1917 13 have have VB 31627 1917 14 burst burst VBN 31627 1917 15 through through IN 31627 1917 16 the the DT 31627 1917 17 crust crust NN 31627 1917 18 , , , 31627 1917 19 and and CC 31627 1917 20 from from IN 31627 1917 21 vents vent NNS 31627 1917 22 and and CC 31627 1917 23 fissures fissure VBZ 31627 1917 24 great great JJ 31627 1917 25 floods flood NNS 31627 1917 26 of of IN 31627 1917 27 augitic augitic JJ 31627 1917 28 lava lava NN 31627 1917 29 , , , 31627 1917 30 with with IN 31627 1917 31 beds bed NNS 31627 1917 32 of of IN 31627 1917 33 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1917 34 , , , 31627 1917 35 invaded invade VBD 31627 1917 36 the the DT 31627 1917 37 region region NN 31627 1917 38 occupied occupy VBN 31627 1917 39 by by IN 31627 1917 40 the the DT 31627 1917 41 waters water NNS 31627 1917 42 of of IN 31627 1917 43 the the DT 31627 1917 44 lake lake NN 31627 1917 45 . . . 31627 1918 1 The the DT 31627 1918 2 lava lava NN 31627 1918 3 - - HYPH 31627 1918 4 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1918 5 have have VBP 31627 1918 6 since since IN 31627 1918 7 undergone undergo VBN 31627 1918 8 extensive extensive JJ 31627 1918 9 denudation denudation NN 31627 1918 10 , , , 31627 1918 11 and and CC 31627 1918 12 are be VBP 31627 1918 13 intersected intersect VBN 31627 1918 14 by by IN 31627 1918 15 valleys valley NNS 31627 1918 16 and and CC 31627 1918 17 depressions depression NNS 31627 1918 18 eroded erode VBD 31627 1918 19 down down RP 31627 1918 20 through through IN 31627 1918 21 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1918 22 into into IN 31627 1918 23 the the DT 31627 1918 24 sandstone sandstone NN 31627 1918 25 floor floor NN 31627 1918 26 beneath beneath RB 31627 1918 27 ; ; : 31627 1918 28 and and CC 31627 1918 29 though though IN 31627 1918 30 the the DT 31627 1918 31 precise precise JJ 31627 1918 32 geological geological JJ 31627 1918 33 period period NN 31627 1918 34 at at IN 31627 1918 35 which which WDT 31627 1918 36 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1918 37 were be VBD 31627 1918 38 extruded extrude VBN 31627 1918 39 must must MD 31627 1918 40 remain remain VB 31627 1918 41 in in IN 31627 1918 42 doubt doubt NN 31627 1918 43 , , , 31627 1918 44 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1918 45 appears appear VBZ 31627 1918 46 probable probable JJ 31627 1918 47 that that IN 31627 1918 48 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1918 49 may may MD 31627 1918 50 be be VB 31627 1918 51 referred refer VBN 31627 1918 52 to to IN 31627 1918 53 that that DT 31627 1918 54 of of IN 31627 1918 55 the the DT 31627 1918 56 Trias Trias NNP 31627 1918 57 . . . 31627 1919 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1919 2 2 2 CD 31627 1919 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1919 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1919 5 1 1 CD 31627 1919 6 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1919 7 Green Green NNP 31627 1919 8 . . . 31627 1920 1 " " `` 31627 1920 2 On on IN 31627 1920 3 the the DT 31627 1920 4 Geology Geology NNP 31627 1920 5 of of IN 31627 1920 6 the the DT 31627 1920 7 Cape Cape NNP 31627 1920 8 Colony Colony NNP 31627 1920 9 , , , 31627 1920 10 " " '' 31627 1920 11 _ _ NNP 31627 1920 12 Quart Quart NNP 31627 1920 13 . . . 31627 1921 1 Jour Jour NNP 31627 1921 2 . . . 31627 1922 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1922 2 . . . 31627 1923 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1923 2 . . . 31627 1923 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1923 4 , , , 31627 1923 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1923 6 . . . 31627 1924 1 xliv xliv NNP 31627 1924 2 . . . 31627 1925 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1925 2 1888 1888 CD 31627 1925 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1925 4 . . . 31627 1926 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1926 2 2 2 LS 31627 1926 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1926 4 The the DT 31627 1926 5 district district NN 31627 1926 6 lying lie VBG 31627 1926 7 along along IN 31627 1926 8 the the DT 31627 1926 9 south south JJ 31627 1926 10 coast coast NN 31627 1926 11 of of IN 31627 1926 12 Africa Africa NNP 31627 1926 13 is be VBZ 31627 1926 14 described describe VBN 31627 1926 15 by by IN 31627 1926 16 Andrew Andrew NNP 31627 1926 17 G. G. NNP 31627 1926 18 Bain Bain NNP 31627 1926 19 , , , 31627 1926 20 in in IN 31627 1926 21 the the DT 31627 1926 22 _ _ NNP 31627 1926 23 Trans Trans NNP 31627 1926 24 . . . 31627 1927 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 1927 2 . . . 31627 1928 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 1928 2 . . . 31627 1928 3 _ _ NNP 31627 1928 4 , , , 31627 1928 5 vol vol NNP 31627 1928 6 . . . 31627 1929 1 vii vii NN 31627 1929 2 . . . 31627 1930 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1930 2 1845 1845 CD 31627 1930 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1930 4 ; ; : 31627 1930 5 but but CC 31627 1930 6 there there EX 31627 1930 7 is be VBZ 31627 1930 8 little little JJ 31627 1930 9 information information NN 31627 1930 10 regarding regard VBG 31627 1930 11 the the DT 31627 1930 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1930 13 region region NN 31627 1930 14 here here RB 31627 1930 15 referred refer VBD 31627 1930 16 to to IN 31627 1930 17 . . . 31627 1931 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1931 2 IV IV NNP 31627 1931 3 . . . 31627 1932 1 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 1932 2 ROCKS rock NNS 31627 1932 3 OF of IN 31627 1932 4 PAST past NN 31627 1932 5 GEOLOGICAL geological NN 31627 1932 6 PERIODS periods NN 31627 1932 7 OF of IN 31627 1932 8 THE the DT 31627 1932 9 BRITISH british JJ 31627 1932 10 ISLES isle NNS 31627 1932 11 . . . 31627 1933 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1933 2 is be VBZ 31627 1933 3 beyond beyond IN 31627 1933 4 the the DT 31627 1933 5 scope scope NN 31627 1933 6 of of IN 31627 1933 7 this this DT 31627 1933 8 work work NN 31627 1933 9 to to TO 31627 1933 10 describe describe VB 31627 1933 11 the the DT 31627 1933 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1933 13 rocks rock NNS 31627 1933 14 of of IN 31627 1933 15 pre pre JJ 31627 1933 16 - - JJ 31627 1933 17 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1933 18 times time NNS 31627 1933 19 over over IN 31627 1933 20 various various JJ 31627 1933 21 parts part NNS 31627 1933 22 of of IN 31627 1933 23 the the DT 31627 1933 24 globe globe NN 31627 1933 25 . . . 31627 1934 1 The the DT 31627 1934 2 subject subject NN 31627 1934 3 is be VBZ 31627 1934 4 far far RB 31627 1934 5 too too RB 31627 1934 6 large large JJ 31627 1934 7 to to TO 31627 1934 8 be be VB 31627 1934 9 treated treat VBN 31627 1934 10 otherwise otherwise RB 31627 1934 11 than than IN 31627 1934 12 in in IN 31627 1934 13 a a DT 31627 1934 14 distinct distinct JJ 31627 1934 15 and and CC 31627 1934 16 separate separate JJ 31627 1934 17 essay essay NN 31627 1934 18 . . . 31627 1935 1 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1935 2 will will MD 31627 1935 3 therefore therefore RB 31627 1935 4 content content VB 31627 1935 5 myself -PRON- PRP 31627 1935 6 with with IN 31627 1935 7 a a DT 31627 1935 8 brief brief JJ 31627 1935 9 enumeration enumeration NN 31627 1935 10 of of IN 31627 1935 11 the the DT 31627 1935 12 formations formation NNS 31627 1935 13 of of IN 31627 1935 14 the the DT 31627 1935 15 British British NNP 31627 1935 16 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1935 17 in in IN 31627 1935 18 which which WDT 31627 1935 19 contemporaneous contemporaneous JJ 31627 1935 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1935 21 action action NN 31627 1935 22 has have VBZ 31627 1935 23 been be VBN 31627 1935 24 recognised recognise VBN 31627 1935 25 . . . 31627 1936 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1936 2 1 1 LS 31627 1936 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1936 4 There there EX 31627 1936 5 is be VBZ 31627 1936 6 little little JJ 31627 1936 7 evidence evidence NN 31627 1936 8 of of IN 31627 1936 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1936 10 action action NN 31627 1936 11 throughout throughout IN 31627 1936 12 the the DT 31627 1936 13 long long JJ 31627 1936 14 lapse lapse NN 31627 1936 15 of of IN 31627 1936 16 time time NN 31627 1936 17 extending extend VBG 31627 1936 18 backwards backwards RB 31627 1936 19 from from IN 31627 1936 20 the the DT 31627 1936 21 Cretaceous Cretaceous NNP 31627 1936 22 to to IN 31627 1936 23 the the DT 31627 1936 24 Triassic Triassic NNP 31627 1936 25 epochs epoch NNS 31627 1936 26 , , , 31627 1936 27 that that DT 31627 1936 28 is be VBZ 31627 1936 29 to to TO 31627 1936 30 say say VB 31627 1936 31 , , , 31627 1936 32 throughout throughout IN 31627 1936 33 the the DT 31627 1936 34 Mesozoic Mesozoic NNP 31627 1936 35 or or CC 31627 1936 36 Secondary secondary JJ 31627 1936 37 period period NN 31627 1936 38 , , , 31627 1936 39 and and CC 31627 1936 40 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1936 41 is be VBZ 31627 1936 42 not not RB 31627 1936 43 till till IN 31627 1936 44 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1936 45 reach reach VBP 31627 1936 46 the the DT 31627 1936 47 Palæozoic palæozoic JJ 31627 1936 48 strata strata NN 31627 1936 49 that that DT 31627 1936 50 evidence evidence NN 31627 1936 51 of of IN 31627 1936 52 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1936 53 action action NN 31627 1936 54 unmistakably unmistakably RB 31627 1936 55 presents present VBZ 31627 1936 56 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1936 57 . . . 31627 1937 1 _ _ IN 31627 1937 2 Permian permian JJ 31627 1937 3 Period._--In period._--in NN 31627 1937 4 Ayrshire Ayrshire NNP 31627 1937 5 , , , 31627 1937 6 and and CC 31627 1937 7 in in IN 31627 1937 8 the the DT 31627 1937 9 western western JJ 31627 1937 10 parts part NNS 31627 1937 11 of of IN 31627 1937 12 Devonshire Devonshire NNP 31627 1937 13 , , , 31627 1937 14 beds bed NNS 31627 1937 15 of of IN 31627 1937 16 felspathic felspathic JJ 31627 1937 17 porphyry porphyry NN 31627 1937 18 , , , 31627 1937 19 felstone felstone NN 31627 1937 20 and and CC 31627 1937 21 ash ash NN 31627 1937 22 are be VBP 31627 1937 23 interstratified interstratify VBN 31627 1937 24 with with IN 31627 1937 25 strata strata NN 31627 1937 26 believed believe VBN 31627 1937 27 to to TO 31627 1937 28 be be VB 31627 1937 29 of of IN 31627 1937 30 Permian permian JJ 31627 1937 31 age age NN 31627 1937 32 . . . 31627 1938 1 In in IN 31627 1938 2 Devonshire devonshire NN 31627 1938 3 these these DT 31627 1938 4 have have VBP 31627 1938 5 only only RB 31627 1938 6 recently recently RB 31627 1938 7 been be VBN 31627 1938 8 recognised recognise VBN 31627 1938 9 by by IN 31627 1938 10 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 1938 11 Irving Irving NNP 31627 1938 12 and and CC 31627 1938 13 the the DT 31627 1938 14 author author NN 31627 1938 15 as as IN 31627 1938 16 of of IN 31627 1938 17 Permian permian JJ 31627 1938 18 age age NN 31627 1938 19 , , , 31627 1938 20 the the DT 31627 1938 21 strata strata NN 31627 1938 22 consisting consist VBG 31627 1938 23 of of IN 31627 1938 24 beds bed NNS 31627 1938 25 of of IN 31627 1938 26 breccia breccia NNP 31627 1938 27 , , , 31627 1938 28 lying lie VBG 31627 1938 29 at at IN 31627 1938 30 the the DT 31627 1938 31 base base NN 31627 1938 32 of of IN 31627 1938 33 the the DT 31627 1938 34 New New NNP 31627 1938 35 Red Red NNP 31627 1938 36 Sandstone Sandstone NNP 31627 1938 37 . . . 31627 1939 1 Those those DT 31627 1939 2 of of IN 31627 1939 3 Ayrshire Ayrshire NNP 31627 1939 4 have have VBP 31627 1939 5 long long RB 31627 1939 6 been be VBN 31627 1939 7 recognised recognise VBN 31627 1939 8 as as IN 31627 1939 9 of of IN 31627 1939 10 the the DT 31627 1939 11 same same JJ 31627 1939 12 period period NN 31627 1939 13 ; ; : 31627 1939 14 as as IN 31627 1939 15 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1939 16 rest rest VBP 31627 1939 17 unconformably unconformably RB 31627 1939 18 on on IN 31627 1939 19 the the DT 31627 1939 20 coal coal NN 31627 1939 21 measures measure NNS 31627 1939 22 , , , 31627 1939 23 and and CC 31627 1939 24 consist consist VB 31627 1939 25 of of IN 31627 1939 26 porphyrites porphyrite NNS 31627 1939 27 , , , 31627 1939 28 melaphyres melaphyre NNS 31627 1939 29 , , , 31627 1939 30 and and CC 31627 1939 31 tuffs tuff NNS 31627 1939 32 of of IN 31627 1939 33 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1939 34 origin origin NN 31627 1939 35 . . . 31627 1940 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1940 2 Carboniferous carboniferous JJ 31627 1940 3 Period._--Volcanic period._--volcanic CD 31627 1940 4 rocks rock NNS 31627 1940 5 occur occur VBP 31627 1940 6 amongst amongst IN 31627 1940 7 the the DT 31627 1940 8 coal coal NN 31627 1940 9 - - HYPH 31627 1940 10 measures measure NNS 31627 1940 11 of of IN 31627 1940 12 England England NNP 31627 1940 13 and and CC 31627 1940 14 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1940 15 , , , 31627 1940 16 while while IN 31627 1940 17 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1940 18 are be VBP 31627 1940 19 also also RB 31627 1940 20 found find VBN 31627 1940 21 interbedded interbedde VBN 31627 1940 22 with with IN 31627 1940 23 the the DT 31627 1940 24 Carboniferous Carboniferous NNP 31627 1940 25 Limestone Limestone NNP 31627 1940 26 series series NN 31627 1940 27 in in IN 31627 1940 28 Derbyshire Derbyshire NNP 31627 1940 29 , , , 31627 1940 30 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1940 31 , , , 31627 1940 32 and and CC 31627 1940 33 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1941 1 Limerick Limerick NNP 31627 1941 2 in in IN 31627 1941 3 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1941 4 . . . 31627 1942 1 The the DT 31627 1942 2 rocks rock NNS 31627 1942 3 consist consist VBP 31627 1942 4 chiefly chiefly RB 31627 1942 5 of of IN 31627 1942 6 basalt basalt NN 31627 1942 7 , , , 31627 1942 8 dolerite dolerite NNP 31627 1942 9 , , , 31627 1942 10 melaphyre melaphyre NNP 31627 1942 11 and and CC 31627 1942 12 felstone felstone NN 31627 1942 13 . . . 31627 1943 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1943 2 Devonian Devonian NNP 31627 1943 3 Period._--Volcanic period._--volcanic CD 31627 1943 4 rocks rock NNS 31627 1943 5 of of IN 31627 1943 6 Devonian Devonian NNP 31627 1943 7 age age NN 31627 1943 8 occur occur VBP 31627 1943 9 in in IN 31627 1943 10 the the DT 31627 1943 11 South South NNP 31627 1943 12 of of IN 31627 1943 13 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1943 14 , , , 31627 1943 15 consisting consist VBG 31627 1943 16 of of IN 31627 1943 17 felstone felstone NN 31627 1943 18 - - HYPH 31627 1943 19 porphyries porphyry NNS 31627 1943 20 and and CC 31627 1943 21 melaphyres melaphyre NNS 31627 1943 22 ; ; : 31627 1943 23 also also RB 31627 1943 24 at at IN 31627 1943 25 Boyle Boyle NNP 31627 1943 26 , , , 31627 1943 27 in in IN 31627 1943 28 Roscommon Roscommon NNP 31627 1943 29 , , , 31627 1943 30 and and CC 31627 1943 31 amongst amongst IN 31627 1943 32 the the DT 31627 1943 33 Glengariff Glengariff NNP 31627 1943 34 beds bed NNS 31627 1943 35 near near IN 31627 1943 36 Killarney Killarney NNP 31627 1943 37 in in IN 31627 1943 38 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1943 39 . . . 31627 1944 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1944 2 Upper Upper NNP 31627 1944 3 Silurian silurian JJ 31627 1944 4 Period._--Volcanic period._--volcanic JJ 31627 1944 5 rocks rock NNS 31627 1944 6 of of IN 31627 1944 7 this this DT 31627 1944 8 stage stage NN 31627 1944 9 are be VBP 31627 1944 10 only only RB 31627 1944 11 known know VBN 31627 1944 12 in in IN 31627 1944 13 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1944 14 , , , 31627 1944 15 on on IN 31627 1944 16 the the DT 31627 1944 17 borders border NNS 31627 1944 18 of of IN 31627 1944 19 Cos Cos NNP 31627 1944 20 . . NNP 31627 1944 21 Mayo Mayo NNP 31627 1944 22 and and CC 31627 1944 23 Galway Galway NNP 31627 1944 24 , , , 31627 1944 25 west west NN 31627 1944 26 of of IN 31627 1944 27 Lough Lough NNP 31627 1944 28 Mask Mask NNP 31627 1944 29 , , , 31627 1944 30 and and CC 31627 1944 31 at at IN 31627 1944 32 the the DT 31627 1944 33 extreme extreme JJ 31627 1944 34 headland headland NN 31627 1944 35 of of IN 31627 1944 36 the the DT 31627 1944 37 Dingle Dingle NNP 31627 1944 38 Promontory Promontory NNP 31627 1944 39 in in IN 31627 1944 40 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1944 41 Kerry Kerry NNP 31627 1944 42 . . . 31627 1945 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 1945 2 consist consist VBP 31627 1945 3 of of IN 31627 1945 4 porphyrites porphyrite NNS 31627 1945 5 , , , 31627 1945 6 felstones felstone NNS 31627 1945 7 and and CC 31627 1945 8 tuffs tuff NNS 31627 1945 9 , , , 31627 1945 10 or or CC 31627 1945 11 breccias breccia NNS 31627 1945 12 , , , 31627 1945 13 contemporaneously contemporaneously RB 31627 1945 14 erupted erupt VBD 31627 1945 15 during during IN 31627 1945 16 the the DT 31627 1945 17 Wenlock Wenlock NNP 31627 1945 18 and and CC 31627 1945 19 Ludlow Ludlow NNP 31627 1945 20 stages stage NNS 31627 1945 21 . . . 31627 1946 1 Around around IN 31627 1946 2 the the DT 31627 1946 3 flanks flank NNS 31627 1946 4 of of IN 31627 1946 5 Muilrea Muilrea NNP 31627 1946 6 , , , 31627 1946 7 beds bed NNS 31627 1946 8 of of IN 31627 1946 9 purple purple JJ 31627 1946 10 quartz quartz NN 31627 1946 11 - - HYPH 31627 1946 12 felstone felstone NN 31627 1946 13 with with IN 31627 1946 14 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1946 15 are be VBP 31627 1946 16 interstratified interstratify VBN 31627 1946 17 with with IN 31627 1946 18 the the DT 31627 1946 19 Upper upper JJ 31627 1946 20 Silurian silurian JJ 31627 1946 21 grits grit NNS 31627 1946 22 and and CC 31627 1946 23 slates slate NNS 31627 1946 24 . . . 31627 1947 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1947 2 Lower low JJR 31627 1947 3 Silurian silurian JJ 31627 1947 4 Period._--Volcanic period._--volcanic JJ 31627 1947 5 action action NN 31627 1947 6 was be VBD 31627 1947 7 developed develop VBN 31627 1947 8 on on IN 31627 1947 9 a a DT 31627 1947 10 grand grand JJ 31627 1947 11 scale scale NN 31627 1947 12 during during IN 31627 1947 13 the the DT 31627 1947 14 Arenig Arenig NNP 31627 1947 15 and and CC 31627 1947 16 Caradoc Caradoc NNP 31627 1947 17 - - HYPH 31627 1947 18 Bala Bala NNP 31627 1947 19 stages stage NNS 31627 1947 20 , , , 31627 1947 21 both both CC 31627 1947 22 in in IN 31627 1947 23 Wales Wales NNP 31627 1947 24 and and CC 31627 1947 25 the the DT 31627 1947 26 Lake Lake NNP 31627 1947 27 district district NN 31627 1947 28 , , , 31627 1947 29 and and CC 31627 1947 30 in in IN 31627 1947 31 the the DT 31627 1947 32 Llandeilo Llandeilo NNP 31627 1947 33 stage stage NN 31627 1947 34 in in IN 31627 1947 35 the the DT 31627 1947 36 South South NNP 31627 1947 37 of of IN 31627 1947 38 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 1947 39 . . . 31627 1948 1 The the DT 31627 1948 2 felspathic felspathic JJ 31627 1948 3 lavas lavas NN 31627 1948 4 , , , 31627 1948 5 with with IN 31627 1948 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1948 7 associated associated JJ 31627 1948 8 beds bed NNS 31627 1948 9 of of IN 31627 1948 10 tuff tuff NNP 31627 1948 11 and and CC 31627 1948 12 breccia breccia NNP 31627 1948 13 , , , 31627 1948 14 rise rise VBP 31627 1948 15 into into IN 31627 1948 16 some some DT 31627 1948 17 of of IN 31627 1948 18 the the DT 31627 1948 19 grandest grand JJS 31627 1948 20 mountain mountain NN 31627 1948 21 crests crest NNS 31627 1948 22 of of IN 31627 1948 23 North North NNP 31627 1948 24 Wales Wales NNP 31627 1948 25 , , , 31627 1948 26 such such JJ 31627 1948 27 as as IN 31627 1948 28 those those DT 31627 1948 29 of of IN 31627 1948 30 Cader Cader NNP 31627 1948 31 Idris Idris NNP 31627 1948 32 , , , 31627 1948 33 Aran Aran NNP 31627 1948 34 Mowddwy Mowddwy NNP 31627 1948 35 , , , 31627 1948 36 Arenig Arenig NNP 31627 1948 37 and and CC 31627 1948 38 Moel Moel NNP 31627 1948 39 Wyn Wyn NNP 31627 1948 40 . . . 31627 1949 1 A a DT 31627 1949 2 similar similar JJ 31627 1949 3 series series NN 31627 1949 4 is be VBZ 31627 1949 5 also also RB 31627 1949 6 represented represent VBN 31627 1949 7 in in IN 31627 1949 8 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 1949 9 , , , 31627 1949 10 ranging range VBG 31627 1949 11 from from IN 31627 1949 12 Wicklow Wicklow NNP 31627 1949 13 to to IN 31627 1949 14 Waterford Waterford NNP 31627 1949 15 , , , 31627 1949 16 forming form VBG 31627 1949 17 a a DT 31627 1949 18 double double JJ 31627 1949 19 group group NN 31627 1949 20 of of IN 31627 1949 21 felstones felstone NNS 31627 1949 22 , , , 31627 1949 23 porphyries porphyry NNS 31627 1949 24 , , , 31627 1949 25 breccias breccia NNS 31627 1949 26 , , , 31627 1949 27 and and CC 31627 1949 28 ash ash NN 31627 1949 29 - - HYPH 31627 1949 30 beds bed NNS 31627 1949 31 , , , 31627 1949 32 with with IN 31627 1949 33 dykes dyke NNS 31627 1949 34 of of IN 31627 1949 35 basalt basalt NN 31627 1949 36 and and CC 31627 1949 37 dolerite dolerite JJ 31627 1949 38 . . . 31627 1950 1 The the DT 31627 1950 2 same same JJ 31627 1950 3 series series NN 31627 1950 4 again again RB 31627 1950 5 appears appear VBZ 31627 1950 6 amidst amidst IN 31627 1950 7 the the DT 31627 1950 8 Lower low JJR 31627 1950 9 Silurian silurian JJ 31627 1950 10 beds bed NNS 31627 1950 11 of of IN 31627 1950 12 Co. Co. NNP 31627 1950 13 Louth Louth NNP 31627 1950 14 , , , 31627 1950 15 near near IN 31627 1950 16 Drogheda Drogheda NNP 31627 1950 17 . . . 31627 1951 1 _ _ NNP 31627 1951 2 Metamorphic Metamorphic NNP 31627 1951 3 Series Series NNP 31627 1951 4 presumably presumably RB 31627 1951 5 of of IN 31627 1951 6 Lower low JJR 31627 1951 7 Silurian Silurian NNP 31627 1951 8 Age._--If Age._--If NNP 31627 1951 9 , , , 31627 1951 10 as as IN 31627 1951 11 seems seem VBZ 31627 1951 12 highly highly RB 31627 1951 13 probable probable JJ 31627 1951 14 , , , 31627 1951 15 the the DT 31627 1951 16 great great JJ 31627 1951 17 metamorphic metamorphic JJ 31627 1951 18 series series NN 31627 1951 19 of of IN 31627 1951 20 Donegal Donegal NNP 31627 1951 21 and and CC 31627 1951 22 Derry Derry NNP 31627 1951 23 are be VBP 31627 1951 24 the the DT 31627 1951 25 representatives representative NNS 31627 1951 26 in in IN 31627 1951 27 time time NN 31627 1951 28 of of IN 31627 1951 29 the the DT 31627 1951 30 Lower low JJR 31627 1951 31 Silurian silurian JJ 31627 1951 32 series series NN 31627 1951 33 , , , 31627 1951 34 some some DT 31627 1951 35 of of IN 31627 1951 36 the the DT 31627 1951 37 great great JJ 31627 1951 38 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1951 39 of of IN 31627 1951 40 felspathic felspathic JJ 31627 1951 41 and and CC 31627 1951 42 hornblendic hornblendic JJ 31627 1951 43 trap trap NN 31627 1951 44 which which WDT 31627 1951 45 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1951 46 contain contain VBP 31627 1951 47 are be VBP 31627 1951 48 referable referable JJ 31627 1951 49 to to IN 31627 1951 50 this this DT 31627 1951 51 epoch epoch NN 31627 1951 52 . . . 31627 1952 1 These these DT 31627 1952 2 rocks rock NNS 31627 1952 3 have have VBP 31627 1952 4 undergone undergo VBN 31627 1952 5 a a DT 31627 1952 6 change change NN 31627 1952 7 in in IN 31627 1952 8 structure structure NN 31627 1952 9 along along IN 31627 1952 10 with with IN 31627 1952 11 the the DT 31627 1952 12 sedimentary sedimentary JJ 31627 1952 13 strata strata NN 31627 1952 14 of of IN 31627 1952 15 which which WDT 31627 1952 16 they -PRON- PRP 31627 1952 17 were be VBD 31627 1952 18 originally originally RB 31627 1952 19 formed form VBN 31627 1952 20 , , , 31627 1952 21 so so IN 31627 1952 22 that that IN 31627 1952 23 the the DT 31627 1952 24 sheets sheet NNS 31627 1952 25 of of IN 31627 1952 26 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1952 27 presumably presumably RB 31627 1952 28 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1952 29 augitic augitic JJ 31627 1952 30 lava lava NN 31627 1952 31 have have VBP 31627 1952 32 been be VBN 31627 1952 33 converted convert VBN 31627 1952 34 into into IN 31627 1952 35 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 1952 36 - - HYPH 31627 1952 37 rock rock NN 31627 1952 38 and and CC 31627 1952 39 schist schist NN 31627 1952 40 . . . 31627 1953 1 Similar similar JJ 31627 1953 2 masses masse NNS 31627 1953 3 occur occur VBP 31627 1953 4 in in IN 31627 1953 5 North North NNP 31627 1953 6 Mayo Mayo NNP 31627 1953 7 , , , 31627 1953 8 south south RB 31627 1953 9 of of IN 31627 1953 10 Belderg Belderg NNP 31627 1953 11 Harbour Harbour NNP 31627 1953 12 . . . 31627 1954 1 _ _ IN 31627 1954 2 Cambrian cambrian JJ 31627 1954 3 Period._--In period._--in NN 31627 1954 4 the the DT 31627 1954 5 Pass Pass NNP 31627 1954 6 of of IN 31627 1954 7 Llanberis Llanberis NNP 31627 1954 8 , , , 31627 1954 9 along along IN 31627 1954 10 the the DT 31627 1954 11 banks bank NNS 31627 1954 12 of of IN 31627 1954 13 Llyn Llyn NNP 31627 1954 14 Padarn Padarn NNP 31627 1954 15 , , , 31627 1954 16 masses masse NNS 31627 1954 17 of of IN 31627 1954 18 quartz quartz NN 31627 1954 19 - - HYPH 31627 1954 20 porphyry porphyry NNP 31627 1954 21 , , , 31627 1954 22 felsite felsite NN 31627 1954 23 and and CC 31627 1954 24 agglomerate agglomerate NN 31627 1954 25 , , , 31627 1954 26 or or CC 31627 1954 27 breccia breccia NNP 31627 1954 28 , , , 31627 1954 29 indicate indicate VBP 31627 1954 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1954 31 action action NN 31627 1954 32 during during IN 31627 1954 33 this this DT 31627 1954 34 stage stage NN 31627 1954 35 . . . 31627 1955 1 These these DT 31627 1955 2 rocks rock NNS 31627 1955 3 underlie underlie VBP 31627 1955 4 beds bed NNS 31627 1955 5 of of IN 31627 1955 6 conglomerate conglomerate NN 31627 1955 7 , , , 31627 1955 8 slate slate NN 31627 1955 9 and and CC 31627 1955 10 grit grit NN 31627 1955 11 of of IN 31627 1955 12 the the DT 31627 1955 13 Lower low JJR 31627 1955 14 Cambrian cambrian JJ 31627 1955 15 epoch epoch NN 31627 1955 16 , , , 31627 1955 17 and and CC 31627 1955 18 , , , 31627 1955 19 as as IN 31627 1955 20 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 1955 21 Blake Blake NNP 31627 1955 22 has have VBZ 31627 1955 23 shown show VBN 31627 1955 24 , , , 31627 1955 25 are be VBP 31627 1955 26 clearly clearly RB 31627 1955 27 of of IN 31627 1955 28 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1955 29 origin origin NN 31627 1955 30 , , , 31627 1955 31 and and CC 31627 1955 32 pass pass VB 31627 1955 33 upwards upwards RB 31627 1955 34 into into IN 31627 1955 35 the the DT 31627 1955 36 sedimentary sedimentary JJ 31627 1955 37 strata strata NN 31627 1955 38 of of IN 31627 1955 39 the the DT 31627 1955 40 period period NN 31627 1955 41 . . . 31627 1956 1 A a DT 31627 1956 2 similar similar JJ 31627 1956 3 group group NN 31627 1956 4 , , , 31627 1956 5 first first RB 31627 1956 6 recognised recognise VBN 31627 1956 7 by by IN 31627 1956 8 Professor Professor NNP 31627 1956 9 Sedgwick Sedgwick NNP 31627 1956 10 , , , 31627 1956 11 stretches stretch VBZ 31627 1956 12 southwards southwards RB 31627 1956 13 from from IN 31627 1956 14 Bangor Bangor NNP 31627 1956 15 along along IN 31627 1956 16 the the DT 31627 1956 17 southern southern JJ 31627 1956 18 shore shore NN 31627 1956 19 of of IN 31627 1956 20 the the DT 31627 1956 21 Menai Menai NNPS 31627 1956 22 Straits Straits NNPS 31627 1956 23 . . . 31627 1957 1 Again again RB 31627 1957 2 , , , 31627 1957 3 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1957 4 find find VBP 31627 1957 5 the the DT 31627 1957 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1957 7 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1957 8 of of IN 31627 1957 9 this this DT 31627 1957 10 epoch epoch NN 31627 1957 11 at at IN 31627 1957 12 St. St. NNP 31627 1957 13 David David NNP 31627 1957 14 's 's POS 31627 1957 15 , , , 31627 1957 16 consisting consist VBG 31627 1957 17 of of IN 31627 1957 18 diabasic diabasic NN 31627 1957 19 and and CC 31627 1957 20 felsitic felsitic JJ 31627 1957 21 lava lava NN 31627 1957 22 , , , 31627 1957 23 with with IN 31627 1957 24 beds bed NNS 31627 1957 25 of of IN 31627 1957 26 ash ash NN 31627 1957 27 ; ; , 31627 1957 28 and and CC 31627 1957 29 in in IN 31627 1957 30 the the DT 31627 1957 31 centre centre NN 31627 1957 32 of of IN 31627 1957 33 England England NNP 31627 1957 34 , , , 31627 1957 35 amongst amongst IN 31627 1957 36 the the DT 31627 1957 37 grits grit NNS 31627 1957 38 and and CC 31627 1957 39 slates slate NNS 31627 1957 40 of of IN 31627 1957 41 Charnwood Charnwood NNP 31627 1957 42 Forest Forest NNP 31627 1957 43 presumably presumably RB 31627 1957 44 of of IN 31627 1957 45 Cambrian cambrian JJ 31627 1957 46 age age NN 31627 1957 47 , , , 31627 1957 48 various various JJ 31627 1957 49 felstones felstone NNS 31627 1957 50 , , , 31627 1957 51 porphyries porphyry NNS 31627 1957 52 , , , 31627 1957 53 and and CC 31627 1957 54 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1957 55 breccias breccia NNS 31627 1957 56 are be VBP 31627 1957 57 found find VBN 31627 1957 58 . . . 31627 1958 1 Thus thus RB 31627 1958 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1958 3 will will MD 31627 1958 4 be be VB 31627 1958 5 seen see VBN 31627 1958 6 that that IN 31627 1958 7 every every DT 31627 1958 8 epoch epoch NN 31627 1958 9 , , , 31627 1958 10 from from IN 31627 1958 11 the the DT 31627 1958 12 earliest early JJS 31627 1958 13 stage stage NN 31627 1958 14 of of IN 31627 1958 15 the the DT 31627 1958 16 Cambrian Cambrian NNP 31627 1958 17 to to IN 31627 1958 18 the the DT 31627 1958 19 Permian Permian NNP 31627 1958 20 , , , 31627 1958 21 in in IN 31627 1958 22 the the DT 31627 1958 23 British British NNP 31627 1958 24 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 1958 25 , , , 31627 1958 26 gives give VBZ 31627 1958 27 evidence evidence NN 31627 1958 28 of of IN 31627 1958 29 the the DT 31627 1958 30 existence existence NN 31627 1958 31 of of IN 31627 1958 32 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1958 33 action action NN 31627 1958 34 ; ; : 31627 1958 35 from from IN 31627 1958 36 which which WDT 31627 1958 37 we -PRON- PRP 31627 1958 38 may may MD 31627 1958 39 infer infer VB 31627 1958 40 that that IN 31627 1958 41 the the DT 31627 1958 42 originating originate VBG 31627 1958 43 cause cause NN 31627 1958 44 , , , 31627 1958 45 whatever whatever WDT 31627 1958 46 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1958 47 may may MD 31627 1958 48 be be VB 31627 1958 49 , , , 31627 1958 50 has have VBZ 31627 1958 51 been be VBN 31627 1958 52 in in IN 31627 1958 53 operation operation NN 31627 1958 54 throughout throughout IN 31627 1958 55 all all DT 31627 1958 56 past past JJ 31627 1958 57 geological geological JJ 31627 1958 58 time time NN 31627 1958 59 represented represent VBN 31627 1958 60 by by IN 31627 1958 61 living live VBG 31627 1958 62 forms form NNS 31627 1958 63 . . . 31627 1959 1 The the DT 31627 1959 2 question question NN 31627 1959 3 of of IN 31627 1959 4 the the DT 31627 1959 5 condition condition NN 31627 1959 6 of of IN 31627 1959 7 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1959 8 globe globe NN 31627 1959 9 in in IN 31627 1959 10 Archæan Archæan NNP 31627 1959 11 times time NNS 31627 1959 12 , , , 31627 1959 13 and and CC 31627 1959 14 earlier early RBR 31627 1959 15 , , , 31627 1959 16 is be VBZ 31627 1959 17 one one CD 31627 1959 18 which which WDT 31627 1959 19 only only RB 31627 1959 20 can can MD 31627 1959 21 be be VB 31627 1959 22 discussed discuss VBN 31627 1959 23 on on IN 31627 1959 24 theoretic theoretic JJ 31627 1959 25 ground ground NN 31627 1959 26 , , , 31627 1959 27 and and CC 31627 1959 28 is be VBZ 31627 1959 29 beyond beyond IN 31627 1959 30 the the DT 31627 1959 31 scope scope NN 31627 1959 32 of of IN 31627 1959 33 this this DT 31627 1959 34 work work NN 31627 1959 35 . . . 31627 1960 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1960 2 1 1 LS 31627 1960 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1960 4 The the DT 31627 1960 5 reader reader NN 31627 1960 6 is be VBZ 31627 1960 7 referred refer VBN 31627 1960 8 to to IN 31627 1960 9 Sir Sir NNP 31627 1960 10 A. A. NNP 31627 1960 11 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 1960 12 's 's POS 31627 1960 13 Presidential Presidential NNP 31627 1960 14 Address Address NNP 31627 1960 15 to to IN 31627 1960 16 the the DT 31627 1960 17 Geological Geological NNP 31627 1960 18 Society Society NNP 31627 1960 19 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1960 20 1891 1891 CD 31627 1960 21 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1960 22 for for IN 31627 1960 23 the the DT 31627 1960 24 latest late JJS 31627 1960 25 view view NN 31627 1960 26 of of IN 31627 1960 27 this this DT 31627 1960 28 subject subject NN 31627 1960 29 . . . 31627 1961 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1961 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1961 3 : : : 31627 1961 4 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 1961 5 BAND BAND NNP 31627 1961 6 OF of IN 31627 1961 7 THE the DT 31627 1961 8 MOLUCCAS MOLUCCAS NNP 31627 1961 9 . . . 31627 1962 1 Map Map NNP 31627 1962 2 showing show VBG 31627 1962 3 the the DT 31627 1962 4 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1962 5 belt belt NN 31627 1962 6 to to TO 31627 1962 7 which which WDT 31627 1962 8 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1962 9 belongs belong VBZ 31627 1962 10 . . . 31627 1963 1 The the DT 31627 1963 2 shaded shaded JJ 31627 1963 3 portion portion NN 31627 1963 4 is be VBZ 31627 1963 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1963 6 . . . 31627 1963 7 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1964 1 PART PART NNP 31627 1964 2 VI VI NNP 31627 1964 3 . . . 31627 1965 1 SPECIAL SPECIAL NNP 31627 1965 2 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 1965 3 AND and CC 31627 1965 4 SEISMIC SEISMIC NNP 31627 1965 5 PHENOMENA PHENOMENA NNP 31627 1965 6 . . . 31627 1966 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 1966 2 I. I. NNP 31627 1967 1 THE the DT 31627 1967 2 ERUPTION eruption NN 31627 1967 3 OF of IN 31627 1967 4 KRAKATOA KRAKATOA NNP 31627 1967 5 IN in IN 31627 1967 6 1883 1883 CD 31627 1967 7 . . . 31627 1968 1 I -PRON- PRP 31627 1968 2 propose propose VBP 31627 1968 3 to to TO 31627 1968 4 introduce introduce VB 31627 1968 5 here here RB 31627 1968 6 some some DT 31627 1968 7 account account NN 31627 1968 8 of of IN 31627 1968 9 one one CD 31627 1968 10 of of IN 31627 1968 11 the the DT 31627 1968 12 most most RBS 31627 1968 13 terrible terrible JJ 31627 1968 14 outbursts outburst NNS 31627 1968 15 of of IN 31627 1968 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1968 17 action action NN 31627 1968 18 that that WDT 31627 1968 19 have have VBP 31627 1968 20 taken take VBN 31627 1968 21 place place NN 31627 1968 22 in in IN 31627 1968 23 modern modern JJ 31627 1968 24 times time NNS 31627 1968 25 ; ; : 31627 1968 26 namely namely RB 31627 1968 27 , , , 31627 1968 28 the the DT 31627 1968 29 eruption eruption NN 31627 1968 30 of of IN 31627 1968 31 the the DT 31627 1968 32 volcano volcano NN 31627 1968 33 of of IN 31627 1968 34 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1968 35 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1968 36 a a DT 31627 1968 37 corruption corruption NN 31627 1968 38 of of IN 31627 1968 39 Rakata Rakata NNP 31627 1968 40 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1968 41 in in IN 31627 1968 42 the the DT 31627 1968 43 strait strait NN 31627 1968 44 of of IN 31627 1968 45 Sunda Sunda NNP 31627 1968 46 , , , 31627 1968 47 between between IN 31627 1968 48 the the DT 31627 1968 49 islands island NNS 31627 1968 50 of of IN 31627 1968 51 Sumatra Sumatra NNP 31627 1968 52 and and CC 31627 1968 53 Java Java NNP 31627 1968 54 , , , 31627 1968 55 in in IN 31627 1968 56 the the DT 31627 1968 57 year year NN 31627 1968 58 1883 1883 CD 31627 1968 59 . . . 31627 1969 1 The the DT 31627 1969 2 Malay Malay NNP 31627 1969 3 Archipelago Archipelago NNP 31627 1969 4 , , , 31627 1969 5 of of IN 31627 1969 6 which which WDT 31627 1969 7 this this DT 31627 1969 8 island island NN 31627 1969 9 once once RB 31627 1969 10 formed form VBD 31627 1969 11 a a DT 31627 1969 12 member member NN 31627 1969 13 , , , 31627 1969 14 is be VBZ 31627 1969 15 a a DT 31627 1969 16 region region NN 31627 1969 17 where where WRB 31627 1969 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1969 19 action action NN 31627 1969 20 is be VBZ 31627 1969 21 constant constant JJ 31627 1969 22 , , , 31627 1969 23 and and CC 31627 1969 24 where where WRB 31627 1969 25 the the DT 31627 1969 26 outbursts outburst NNS 31627 1969 27 are be VBP 31627 1969 28 exceptionally exceptionally RB 31627 1969 29 violent violent JJ 31627 1969 30 . . . 31627 1970 1 With with IN 31627 1970 2 the the DT 31627 1970 3 great great JJ 31627 1970 4 island island NN 31627 1970 5 of of IN 31627 1970 6 Borneo Borneo NNP 31627 1970 7 as as IN 31627 1970 8 a a DT 31627 1970 9 solid solid JJ 31627 1970 10 , , , 31627 1970 11 non non JJ 31627 1970 12 - - JJ 31627 1970 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1970 14 central central JJ 31627 1970 15 core core NN 31627 1970 16 , , , 31627 1970 17 a a DT 31627 1970 18 line line NN 31627 1970 19 of of IN 31627 1970 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1970 21 islands island NNS 31627 1970 22 extends extend VBZ 31627 1970 23 from from IN 31627 1970 24 Chedooba Chedooba NNP 31627 1970 25 off off IN 31627 1970 26 the the DT 31627 1970 27 coast coast NN 31627 1970 28 of of IN 31627 1970 29 Pegu Pegu NNP 31627 1970 30 through through IN 31627 1970 31 Sumatra Sumatra NNP 31627 1970 32 , , , 31627 1970 33 Java Java NNP 31627 1970 34 , , , 31627 1970 35 Sumbawa Sumbawa NNP 31627 1970 36 , , , 31627 1970 37 Flores Flores NNP 31627 1970 38 , , , 31627 1970 39 and and CC 31627 1970 40 , , , 31627 1970 41 reaching reach VBG 31627 1970 42 the the DT 31627 1970 43 Moluccas Moluccas NNP 31627 1970 44 , , , 31627 1970 45 stretches stretch VBZ 31627 1970 46 northwards northward NNS 31627 1970 47 through through IN 31627 1970 48 the the DT 31627 1970 49 Philippines Philippines NNP 31627 1970 50 into into IN 31627 1970 51 Japan Japan NNP 31627 1970 52 and and CC 31627 1970 53 Kamtschatka Kamtschatka NNP 31627 1970 54 . . . 31627 1971 1 This this DT 31627 1971 2 is be VBZ 31627 1971 3 probably probably RB 31627 1971 4 the the DT 31627 1971 5 most most RBS 31627 1971 6 active active JJ 31627 1971 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1971 8 belt belt NN 31627 1971 9 in in IN 31627 1971 10 the the DT 31627 1971 11 world world NN 31627 1971 12 , , , 31627 1971 13 and and CC 31627 1971 14 the the DT 31627 1971 15 recent recent JJ 31627 1971 16 terrible terrible JJ 31627 1971 17 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 1971 18 and and CC 31627 1971 19 eruption eruption NN 31627 1971 20 in in IN 31627 1971 21 Japan Japan NNP 31627 1971 22 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1971 23 November November NNP 31627 1971 24 , , , 31627 1971 25 1891 1891 CD 31627 1971 26 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1971 27 gives give VBZ 31627 1971 28 proof proof NN 31627 1971 29 that that IN 31627 1971 30 the the DT 31627 1971 31 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1971 32 forces force NNS 31627 1971 33 are be VBP 31627 1971 34 as as RB 31627 1971 35 powerful powerful JJ 31627 1971 36 and and CC 31627 1971 37 destructive destructive JJ 31627 1971 38 as as IN 31627 1971 39 ever ever RB 31627 1971 40 . . . 31627 1972 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1972 2 1 1 CD 31627 1972 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1972 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1972 5 _ _ NNP 31627 1972 6 a. a. NN 31627 1972 7 _ _ NNP 31627 1972 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1972 9 _ _ NNP 31627 1972 10 Dormant Dormant NNP 31627 1972 11 Condition Condition NNP 31627 1972 12 down down RB 31627 1972 13 to to IN 31627 1972 14 1680._--Down 1680._--down CD 31627 1972 15 to to IN 31627 1972 16 the the DT 31627 1972 17 year year NN 31627 1972 18 1680 1680 CD 31627 1972 19 , , , 31627 1972 20 this this DT 31627 1972 21 island island NN 31627 1972 22 , , , 31627 1972 23 although although IN 31627 1972 24 from from IN 31627 1972 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1972 26 form form NN 31627 1972 27 and and CC 31627 1972 28 structure structure NN 31627 1972 29 evidently evidently RB 31627 1972 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1972 31 , , , 31627 1972 32 appears appear VBZ 31627 1972 33 to to TO 31627 1972 34 have have VB 31627 1972 35 been be VBN 31627 1972 36 in in IN 31627 1972 37 a a DT 31627 1972 38 dormant dormant JJ 31627 1972 39 state state NN 31627 1972 40 ; ; : 31627 1972 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1972 42 sides side NNS 31627 1972 43 were be VBD 31627 1972 44 covered cover VBN 31627 1972 45 with with IN 31627 1972 46 luxuriant luxuriant JJ 31627 1972 47 forests forest NNS 31627 1972 48 , , , 31627 1972 49 and and CC 31627 1972 50 numerous numerous JJ 31627 1972 51 habitations habitation NNS 31627 1972 52 dotted dot VBD 31627 1972 53 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1972 54 shore shore NN 31627 1972 55 . . . 31627 1973 1 But but CC 31627 1973 2 in in IN 31627 1973 3 May May NNP 31627 1973 4 of of IN 31627 1973 5 that that DT 31627 1973 6 year year NN 31627 1973 7 an an DT 31627 1973 8 eruption eruption NN 31627 1973 9 occurred occur VBD 31627 1973 10 , , , 31627 1973 11 owing owe VBG 31627 1973 12 to to IN 31627 1973 13 which which WDT 31627 1973 14 the the DT 31627 1973 15 aspect aspect NN 31627 1973 16 of of IN 31627 1973 17 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1973 18 as as IN 31627 1973 19 described describe VBN 31627 1973 20 by by IN 31627 1973 21 Vogel Vogel NNP 31627 1973 22 was be VBD 31627 1973 23 entirely entirely RB 31627 1973 24 changed change VBN 31627 1973 25 ; ; : 31627 1973 26 the the DT 31627 1973 27 surface surface NN 31627 1973 28 of of IN 31627 1973 29 the the DT 31627 1973 30 island island NN 31627 1973 31 when when WRB 31627 1973 32 this this DT 31627 1973 33 writer writer NN 31627 1973 34 passed pass VBD 31627 1973 35 on on IN 31627 1973 36 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1973 37 voyage voyage NN 31627 1973 38 to to IN 31627 1973 39 Sumatra Sumatra NNP 31627 1973 40 appeared appear VBD 31627 1973 41 burnt burn VBN 31627 1973 42 up up RP 31627 1973 43 and and CC 31627 1973 44 arid arid VB 31627 1973 45 , , , 31627 1973 46 while while IN 31627 1973 47 blocks block NNS 31627 1973 48 of of IN 31627 1973 49 incandescent incandescent NN 31627 1973 50 rock rock NN 31627 1973 51 were be VBD 31627 1973 52 being be VBG 31627 1973 53 hurled hurl VBN 31627 1973 54 into into IN 31627 1973 55 the the DT 31627 1973 56 air air NN 31627 1973 57 from from IN 31627 1973 58 four four CD 31627 1973 59 distinct distinct JJ 31627 1973 60 points point NNS 31627 1973 61 . . . 31627 1974 1 After after IN 31627 1974 2 this this DT 31627 1974 3 first first JJ 31627 1974 4 recorded record VBN 31627 1974 5 eruption eruption NN 31627 1974 6 the the DT 31627 1974 7 island island NN 31627 1974 8 relapsed relapse VBN 31627 1974 9 into into IN 31627 1974 10 a a DT 31627 1974 11 state state NN 31627 1974 12 of of IN 31627 1974 13 repose repose NN 31627 1974 14 , , , 31627 1974 15 and and CC 31627 1974 16 except except IN 31627 1974 17 for for IN 31627 1974 18 a a DT 31627 1974 19 stream stream NN 31627 1974 20 of of IN 31627 1974 21 molten molten JJ 31627 1974 22 lava lava NN 31627 1974 23 which which WDT 31627 1974 24 issued issue VBD 31627 1974 25 from from IN 31627 1974 26 the the DT 31627 1974 27 northern northern JJ 31627 1974 28 extremity extremity NN 31627 1974 29 , , , 31627 1974 30 there there EX 31627 1974 31 was be VBD 31627 1974 32 no no DT 31627 1974 33 evidence evidence NN 31627 1974 34 of of IN 31627 1974 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1974 36 dangerous dangerous JJ 31627 1974 37 condition condition NN 31627 1974 38 . . . 31627 1975 1 The the DT 31627 1975 2 luxuriant luxuriant JJ 31627 1975 3 vegetation vegetation NN 31627 1975 4 of of IN 31627 1975 5 the the DT 31627 1975 6 tropics tropics NNPS 31627 1975 7 speedily speedily RB 31627 1975 8 re re VB 31627 1975 9 - - VBD 31627 1975 10 established establish VBD 31627 1975 11 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1975 12 , , , 31627 1975 13 and and CC 31627 1975 14 the the DT 31627 1975 15 volcano volcano NN 31627 1975 16 was be VBD 31627 1975 17 generally generally RB 31627 1975 18 regarded regard VBN 31627 1975 19 as as IN 31627 1975 20 " " `` 31627 1975 21 extinct extinct JJ 31627 1975 22 . . . 31627 1976 1 " " `` 31627 1976 2 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1976 3 2 2 CD 31627 1976 4 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1976 5 History history NN 31627 1976 6 repeats repeat VBZ 31627 1976 7 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 1976 8 ; ; : 31627 1976 9 and and CC 31627 1976 10 the the DT 31627 1976 11 history history NN 31627 1976 12 of of IN 31627 1976 13 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 1976 14 was be VBD 31627 1976 15 repeated repeat VBN 31627 1976 16 in in IN 31627 1976 17 the the DT 31627 1976 18 case case NN 31627 1976 19 of of IN 31627 1976 20 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1976 21 . . . 31627 1977 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1977 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1977 3 : : : 31627 1977 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1977 5 . . . 31627 1978 1 35.--Map 35.--map CD 31627 1978 2 Of of IN 31627 1978 3 The the DT 31627 1978 4 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1978 5 Group Group NNP 31627 1978 6 Of of IN 31627 1978 7 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 1978 8 Before before IN 31627 1978 9 The the DT 31627 1978 10 Eruption eruption NN 31627 1978 11 Of of IN 31627 1978 12 August August NNP 31627 1978 13 1883 1883 CD 31627 1978 14 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1978 15 From from IN 31627 1978 16 Admiralty Admiralty NNP 31627 1978 17 Chart Chart NNP 31627 1978 18 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1978 19 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1978 20 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1978 21 _ _ NNP 31627 1978 22 b. b. NNP 31627 1978 23 _ _ NNP 31627 1978 24 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1978 25 _ _ NNP 31627 1978 26 Eruption Eruption NNP 31627 1978 27 of of IN 31627 1978 28 May May NNP 31627 1978 29 , , , 31627 1978 30 1883._[3]--On 1883._[3]--on CD 31627 1978 31 the the DT 31627 1978 32 morning morning NN 31627 1978 33 of of IN 31627 1978 34 May May NNP 31627 1978 35 20 20 CD 31627 1978 36 , , , 31627 1978 37 1883 1883 CD 31627 1978 38 , , , 31627 1978 39 the the DT 31627 1978 40 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 1978 41 of of IN 31627 1978 42 Batavia Batavia NNP 31627 1978 43 , , , 31627 1978 44 of of IN 31627 1978 45 Buitenzorg Buitenzorg NNP 31627 1978 46 , , , 31627 1978 47 and and CC 31627 1978 48 neighbouring neighbouring NN 31627 1978 49 localities locality NNS 31627 1978 50 , , , 31627 1978 51 were be VBD 31627 1978 52 surprised surprise VBN 31627 1978 53 by by IN 31627 1978 54 a a DT 31627 1978 55 confused confused JJ 31627 1978 56 noise noise NN 31627 1978 57 , , , 31627 1978 58 mingled mingle VBN 31627 1978 59 with with IN 31627 1978 60 detonations detonation NNS 31627 1978 61 resembling resemble VBG 31627 1978 62 the the DT 31627 1978 63 firing firing NN 31627 1978 64 of of IN 31627 1978 65 artillery artillery NN 31627 1978 66 . . . 31627 1979 1 The the DT 31627 1979 2 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1979 3 commenced commence VBD 31627 1979 4 between between IN 31627 1979 5 ten ten CD 31627 1979 6 and and CC 31627 1979 7 eleven eleven CD 31627 1979 8 o'clock o'clock NN 31627 1979 9 in in IN 31627 1979 10 the the DT 31627 1979 11 morning morning NN 31627 1979 12 , , , 31627 1979 13 and and CC 31627 1979 14 soon soon RB 31627 1979 15 acquired acquire VBD 31627 1979 16 such such JJ 31627 1979 17 intensity intensity NN 31627 1979 18 as as IN 31627 1979 19 to to TO 31627 1979 20 cause cause VB 31627 1979 21 general general JJ 31627 1979 22 alarm alarm NN 31627 1979 23 . . . 31627 1980 1 The the DT 31627 1980 2 detonations detonation NNS 31627 1980 3 were be VBD 31627 1980 4 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 1980 5 by by IN 31627 1980 6 tremblings trembling NNS 31627 1980 7 of of IN 31627 1980 8 the the DT 31627 1980 9 ground ground NN 31627 1980 10 , , , 31627 1980 11 of of IN 31627 1980 12 buildings building NNS 31627 1980 13 and and CC 31627 1980 14 various various JJ 31627 1980 15 objects object NNS 31627 1980 16 contained contain VBN 31627 1980 17 in in IN 31627 1980 18 dwellings dwelling NNS 31627 1980 19 ; ; : 31627 1980 20 but but CC 31627 1980 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1980 22 was be VBD 31627 1980 23 generally generally RB 31627 1980 24 admitted admit VBN 31627 1980 25 that that IN 31627 1980 26 these these DT 31627 1980 27 did do VBD 31627 1980 28 not not RB 31627 1980 29 proceed proceed VB 31627 1980 30 from from IN 31627 1980 31 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 1980 32 shocks shock NNS 31627 1980 33 , , , 31627 1980 34 but but CC 31627 1980 35 from from IN 31627 1980 36 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 31627 1980 37 vibrations vibration NNS 31627 1980 38 . . . 31627 1981 1 No no DT 31627 1981 2 deviation deviation NN 31627 1981 3 of of IN 31627 1981 4 the the DT 31627 1981 5 magnetic magnetic JJ 31627 1981 6 needle needle NN 31627 1981 7 was be VBD 31627 1981 8 observed observe VBN 31627 1981 9 at at IN 31627 1981 10 the the DT 31627 1981 11 Meteorological Meteorological NNP 31627 1981 12 Institute Institute NNP 31627 1981 13 of of IN 31627 1981 14 Batavia Batavia NNP 31627 1981 15 ; ; : 31627 1981 16 but but CC 31627 1981 17 a a DT 31627 1981 18 vertical vertical JJ 31627 1981 19 oscillation oscillation NN 31627 1981 20 was be VBD 31627 1981 21 apparent apparent JJ 31627 1981 22 , , , 31627 1981 23 and and CC 31627 1981 24 persons person NNS 31627 1981 25 who who WP 31627 1981 26 listened listen VBD 31627 1981 27 with with IN 31627 1981 28 the the DT 31627 1981 29 ear ear NN 31627 1981 30 placed place VBN 31627 1981 31 on on IN 31627 1981 32 the the DT 31627 1981 33 ground ground NN 31627 1981 34 , , , 31627 1981 35 even even RB 31627 1981 36 during during IN 31627 1981 37 the the DT 31627 1981 38 most most RBS 31627 1981 39 violent violent JJ 31627 1981 40 detonations detonation NNS 31627 1981 41 , , , 31627 1981 42 could could MD 31627 1981 43 hear hear VB 31627 1981 44 no no DT 31627 1981 45 subterranean subterranean JJ 31627 1981 46 noise noise NN 31627 1981 47 whatever whatever WDT 31627 1981 48 . . . 31627 1982 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 1982 2 became become VBD 31627 1982 3 clear clear JJ 31627 1982 4 that that IN 31627 1982 5 the the DT 31627 1982 6 sounds sound NNS 31627 1982 7 came come VBD 31627 1982 8 from from IN 31627 1982 9 some some DT 31627 1982 10 volcano volcano NN 31627 1982 11 burst burst VBN 31627 1982 12 into into IN 31627 1982 13 activity activity NN 31627 1982 14 ; ; : 31627 1982 15 but but CC 31627 1982 16 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1982 17 is be VBZ 31627 1982 18 strange strange JJ 31627 1982 19 that that IN 31627 1982 20 for for IN 31627 1982 21 two two CD 31627 1982 22 whole whole JJ 31627 1982 23 days day NNS 31627 1982 24 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1982 25 remained remain VBD 31627 1982 26 uncertain uncertain JJ 31627 1982 27 what what WP 31627 1982 28 was be VBD 31627 1982 29 the the DT 31627 1982 30 particular particular JJ 31627 1982 31 volcano volcano NN 31627 1982 32 to to TO 31627 1982 33 which which WDT 31627 1982 34 the the DT 31627 1982 35 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 1982 36 were be VBD 31627 1982 37 to to TO 31627 1982 38 be be VB 31627 1982 39 referred refer VBN 31627 1982 40 . . . 31627 1983 1 The the DT 31627 1983 2 detonations detonation NNS 31627 1983 3 appeared appear VBD 31627 1983 4 , , , 31627 1983 5 indeed indeed RB 31627 1983 6 , , , 31627 1983 7 to to TO 31627 1983 8 come come VB 31627 1983 9 from from IN 31627 1983 10 the the DT 31627 1983 11 direction direction NN 31627 1983 12 of of IN 31627 1983 13 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1983 14 ; ; : 31627 1983 15 but but CC 31627 1983 16 from from IN 31627 1983 17 Serang Serang NNP 31627 1983 18 , , , 31627 1983 19 Anjer Anjer NNP 31627 1983 20 , , , 31627 1983 21 and and CC 31627 1983 22 Merak Merak NNP 31627 1983 23 , , , 31627 1983 24 localities locality NNS 31627 1983 25 situated situate VBD 31627 1983 26 much much JJ 31627 1983 27 nearer near JJR 31627 1983 28 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1983 29 than than IN 31627 1983 30 Batavia Batavia NNP 31627 1983 31 , , , 31627 1983 32 the the DT 31627 1983 33 telegraph telegraph NN 31627 1983 34 announced announce VBD 31627 1983 35 that that IN 31627 1983 36 neither neither DT 31627 1983 37 detonations detonation NNS 31627 1983 38 nor nor CC 31627 1983 39 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 31627 1983 40 vibrations vibration NNS 31627 1983 41 had have VBD 31627 1983 42 been be VBN 31627 1983 43 perceived perceive VBN 31627 1983 44 . . . 31627 1984 1 The the DT 31627 1984 2 distance distance NN 31627 1984 3 between between IN 31627 1984 4 Batavia Batavia NNP 31627 1984 5 and and CC 31627 1984 6 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1984 7 is be VBZ 31627 1984 8 ninety ninety CD 31627 1984 9 - - HYPH 31627 1984 10 three three CD 31627 1984 11 English english JJ 31627 1984 12 miles mile NNS 31627 1984 13 . . . 31627 1985 1 The the DT 31627 1985 2 doubts doubt NNS 31627 1985 3 thus thus RB 31627 1985 4 experienced experience VBN 31627 1985 5 were be VBD 31627 1985 6 , , , 31627 1985 7 however however RB 31627 1985 8 , , , 31627 1985 9 soon soon RB 31627 1985 10 put put VBD 31627 1985 11 to to IN 31627 1985 12 rest rest NN 31627 1985 13 by by IN 31627 1985 14 the the DT 31627 1985 15 arrival arrival NN 31627 1985 16 of of IN 31627 1985 17 an an DT 31627 1985 18 American american JJ 31627 1985 19 vessel vessel NN 31627 1985 20 under under IN 31627 1985 21 the the DT 31627 1985 22 command command NN 31627 1985 23 of of IN 31627 1985 24 A. A. NNP 31627 1985 25 R. R. NNP 31627 1985 26 Thomas Thomas NNP 31627 1985 27 , , , 31627 1985 28 and and CC 31627 1985 29 of of IN 31627 1985 30 other other JJ 31627 1985 31 ships ship NNS 31627 1985 32 which which WDT 31627 1985 33 hailed hail VBD 31627 1985 34 from from IN 31627 1985 35 the the DT 31627 1985 36 straits strait NNS 31627 1985 37 of of IN 31627 1985 38 Sunda Sunda NNP 31627 1985 39 . . . 31627 1986 1 From from IN 31627 1986 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1986 3 accounts account NNS 31627 1986 4 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1986 5 was be VBD 31627 1986 6 ascertained ascertain VBN 31627 1986 7 that that IN 31627 1986 8 in in IN 31627 1986 9 the the DT 31627 1986 10 direction direction NN 31627 1986 11 of of IN 31627 1986 12 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1986 13 the the DT 31627 1986 14 heavens heavens NNPS 31627 1986 15 were be VBD 31627 1986 16 clouded cloud VBN 31627 1986 17 with with IN 31627 1986 18 ashes ashe NNS 31627 1986 19 , , , 31627 1986 20 and and CC 31627 1986 21 that that IN 31627 1986 22 a a DT 31627 1986 23 grand grand JJ 31627 1986 24 column column NN 31627 1986 25 of of IN 31627 1986 26 smoke smoke NN 31627 1986 27 , , , 31627 1986 28 illumined illumine VBN 31627 1986 29 from from IN 31627 1986 30 time time NN 31627 1986 31 to to IN 31627 1986 32 time time NN 31627 1986 33 by by IN 31627 1986 34 flashes flash NNS 31627 1986 35 of of IN 31627 1986 36 flame flame NN 31627 1986 37 , , , 31627 1986 38 arose arise VBD 31627 1986 39 from from IN 31627 1986 40 above above IN 31627 1986 41 the the DT 31627 1986 42 island island NN 31627 1986 43 . . . 31627 1987 1 Thus thus RB 31627 1987 2 after after IN 31627 1987 3 a a DT 31627 1987 4 repose repose NN 31627 1987 5 of of IN 31627 1987 6 more more JJR 31627 1987 7 than than IN 31627 1987 8 two two CD 31627 1987 9 hundred hundred CD 31627 1987 10 years year NNS 31627 1987 11 , , , 31627 1987 12 " " '' 31627 1987 13 the the DT 31627 1987 14 peaceable peaceable JJ 31627 1987 15 isle isle NN 31627 1987 16 of of IN 31627 1987 17 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1987 18 , , , 31627 1987 19 inhabited inhabit VBN 31627 1987 20 , , , 31627 1987 21 and and CC 31627 1987 22 covered cover VBN 31627 1987 23 by by IN 31627 1987 24 thick thick JJ 31627 1987 25 forests forest NNS 31627 1987 26 , , , 31627 1987 27 was be VBD 31627 1987 28 suddenly suddenly RB 31627 1987 29 awakened awaken VBN 31627 1987 30 from from IN 31627 1987 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 1987 32 condition condition NN 31627 1987 33 of of IN 31627 1987 34 fancied fancied JJ 31627 1987 35 security security NN 31627 1987 36 . . . 31627 1987 37 " " '' 31627 1988 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1988 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 1988 3 : : : 31627 1988 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1988 5 . . . 31627 1989 1 36.--Section 36.--section CD 31627 1989 2 from from IN 31627 1989 3 Verlaten Verlaten NNP 31627 1989 4 Island Island NNP 31627 1989 5 through through IN 31627 1989 6 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1989 7 , , , 31627 1989 8 to to TO 31627 1989 9 show show VB 31627 1989 10 the the DT 31627 1989 11 outline outline NN 31627 1989 12 before before IN 31627 1989 13 and and CC 31627 1989 14 after after IN 31627 1989 15 the the DT 31627 1989 16 eruption eruption NN 31627 1989 17 of of IN 31627 1989 18 August August NNP 31627 1989 19 , , , 31627 1989 20 1888 1888 CD 31627 1989 21 . . . 31627 1990 1 The the DT 31627 1990 2 continuous continuous JJ 31627 1990 3 line line NN 31627 1990 4 shows show VBZ 31627 1990 5 the the DT 31627 1990 6 former former JJ 31627 1990 7 ; ; : 31627 1990 8 the the DT 31627 1990 9 dotted dotted JJ 31627 1990 10 line line NN 31627 1990 11 and and CC 31627 1990 12 shading shading NN 31627 1990 13 , , , 31627 1990 14 the the DT 31627 1990 15 latter latter JJ 31627 1990 16 ; ; : 31627 1990 17 from from IN 31627 1990 18 which which WDT 31627 1990 19 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1990 20 will will MD 31627 1990 21 be be VB 31627 1990 22 observed observe VBN 31627 1990 23 that that IN 31627 1990 24 the the DT 31627 1990 25 original original JJ 31627 1990 26 island island NN 31627 1990 27 has have VBZ 31627 1990 28 to to IN 31627 1990 29 a a DT 31627 1990 30 large large JJ 31627 1990 31 extent extent NN 31627 1990 32 disappeared disappear VBD 31627 1990 33 . . . 31627 1991 1 The the DT 31627 1991 2 line line NN 31627 1991 3 of of IN 31627 1991 4 section section NN 31627 1991 5 is be VBZ 31627 1991 6 shown show VBN 31627 1991 7 in in IN 31627 1991 8 Fig Fig NNP 31627 1991 9 . . . 31627 1992 1 35 35 CD 31627 1992 2 . . . 31627 1992 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1993 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1993 2 _ _ NNP 31627 1993 3 c. c. NNP 31627 1993 4 _ _ NNP 31627 1993 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1993 6 _ _ NNP 31627 1993 7 Form Form NNP 31627 1993 8 and and CC 31627 1993 9 Appearance Appearance NNP 31627 1993 10 of of IN 31627 1993 11 the the DT 31627 1993 12 Island Island NNP 31627 1993 13 before before IN 31627 1993 14 the the DT 31627 1993 15 Eruption eruption NN 31627 1993 16 of of IN 31627 1993 17 1883._--From 1883._--from CD 31627 1993 18 surveys survey NNS 31627 1993 19 made make VBN 31627 1993 20 in in IN 31627 1993 21 1849 1849 CD 31627 1993 22 and and CC 31627 1993 23 1881 1881 CD 31627 1993 24 , , , 31627 1993 25 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1993 26 would would MD 31627 1993 27 appear appear VB 31627 1993 28 that that IN 31627 1993 29 the the DT 31627 1993 30 island island NN 31627 1993 31 of of IN 31627 1993 32 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 1993 33 consisted consist VBD 31627 1993 34 of of IN 31627 1993 35 three three CD 31627 1993 36 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1993 37 or or CC 31627 1993 38 groups group NNS 31627 1993 39 of of IN 31627 1993 40 mountains mountain NNS 31627 1993 41 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1993 42 Figs fig NNS 31627 1993 43 . . . 31627 1994 1 35 35 CD 31627 1994 2 , , , 31627 1994 3 36 36 CD 31627 1994 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1994 5 ; ; : 31627 1994 6 the the DT 31627 1994 7 southern southern JJ 31627 1994 8 formed form VBN 31627 1994 9 by by IN 31627 1994 10 the the DT 31627 1994 11 cone cone NN 31627 1994 12 of of IN 31627 1994 13 Rakata Rakata NNP 31627 1994 14 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1994 15 properly properly RB 31627 1994 16 so so RB 31627 1994 17 called call VBN 31627 1994 18 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1994 19 , , , 31627 1994 20 rising rise VBG 31627 1994 21 with with IN 31627 1994 22 a a DT 31627 1994 23 scarped scarpe VBN 31627 1994 24 face face NN 31627 1994 25 above above IN 31627 1994 26 the the DT 31627 1994 27 sea sea NN 31627 1994 28 to to IN 31627 1994 29 a a DT 31627 1994 30 height height NN 31627 1994 31 of of IN 31627 1994 32 over over IN 31627 1994 33 800 800 CD 31627 1994 34 mètres mètre NNS 31627 1994 35 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1994 36 2,622 2,622 CD 31627 1994 37 feet foot NNS 31627 1994 38 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1994 39 . . . 31627 1995 1 Adjoining adjoin VBG 31627 1995 2 this this DT 31627 1995 3 cone cone NN 31627 1995 4 , , , 31627 1995 5 and and CC 31627 1995 6 rising rise VBG 31627 1995 7 from from IN 31627 1995 8 the the DT 31627 1995 9 centre centre NN 31627 1995 10 of of IN 31627 1995 11 the the DT 31627 1995 12 island island NN 31627 1995 13 , , , 31627 1995 14 came come VBD 31627 1995 15 the the DT 31627 1995 16 group group NN 31627 1995 17 of of IN 31627 1995 18 Danan Danan NNP 31627 1995 19 , , , 31627 1995 20 composed compose VBN 31627 1995 21 of of IN 31627 1995 22 many many JJ 31627 1995 23 summits summit NNS 31627 1995 24 , , , 31627 1995 25 probably probably RB 31627 1995 26 forming form VBG 31627 1995 27 part part NN 31627 1995 28 of of IN 31627 1995 29 the the DT 31627 1995 30 _ _ NNP 31627 1995 31 enceinte enceinte NNP 31627 1995 32 annulaire annulaire NN 31627 1995 33 _ _ NNP 31627 1995 34 of of IN 31627 1995 35 a a DT 31627 1995 36 crater crater NN 31627 1995 37 . . . 31627 1996 1 And and CC 31627 1996 2 near near IN 31627 1996 3 the the DT 31627 1996 4 northern northern JJ 31627 1996 5 extremity extremity NN 31627 1996 6 of of IN 31627 1996 7 the the DT 31627 1996 8 isle isle NN 31627 1996 9 , , , 31627 1996 10 a a DT 31627 1996 11 third third JJ 31627 1996 12 group group NN 31627 1996 13 of of IN 31627 1996 14 mammelated mammelate VBN 31627 1996 15 heights height NNS 31627 1996 16 could could MD 31627 1996 17 be be VB 31627 1996 18 recognised recognise VBN 31627 1996 19 under under IN 31627 1996 20 the the DT 31627 1996 21 general general JJ 31627 1996 22 name name NN 31627 1996 23 of of IN 31627 1996 24 Perboewatan Perboewatan NNP 31627 1996 25 , , , 31627 1996 26 from from IN 31627 1996 27 which which WDT 31627 1996 28 issued issue VBD 31627 1996 29 several several JJ 31627 1996 30 obsidian obsidian JJ 31627 1996 31 lava lava NN 31627 1996 32 - - HYPH 31627 1996 33 flows flow NNS 31627 1996 34 , , , 31627 1996 35 with with IN 31627 1996 36 a a DT 31627 1996 37 steep steep JJ 31627 1996 38 slope slope NN 31627 1996 39 ; ; : 31627 1996 40 these these DT 31627 1996 41 dated date VBN 31627 1996 42 back back RB 31627 1996 43 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 1996 44 to to IN 31627 1996 45 the the DT 31627 1996 46 period period NN 31627 1996 47 of of IN 31627 1996 48 the the DT 31627 1996 49 first first JJ 31627 1996 50 known know VBN 31627 1996 51 eruption eruption NN 31627 1996 52 of of IN 31627 1996 53 1680 1680 CD 31627 1996 54 . . . 31627 1997 1 This this DT 31627 1997 2 large large JJ 31627 1997 3 and and CC 31627 1997 4 mountainous mountainous JJ 31627 1997 5 island island NN 31627 1997 6 as as IN 31627 1997 7 it -PRON- PRP 31627 1997 8 existed exist VBD 31627 1997 9 at at IN 31627 1997 10 the the DT 31627 1997 11 beginning beginning NN 31627 1997 12 of of IN 31627 1997 13 May May NNP 31627 1997 14 , , , 31627 1997 15 1883 1883 CD 31627 1997 16 , , , 31627 1997 17 has have VBZ 31627 1997 18 been be VBN 31627 1997 19 entirely entirely RB 31627 1997 20 destroyed destroy VBN 31627 1997 21 by by IN 31627 1997 22 the the DT 31627 1997 23 terrible terrible JJ 31627 1997 24 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 1997 25 of of IN 31627 1997 26 that that DT 31627 1997 27 year year NN 31627 1997 28 , , , 31627 1997 29 with with IN 31627 1997 30 the the DT 31627 1997 31 exception exception NN 31627 1997 32 of of IN 31627 1997 33 the the DT 31627 1997 34 peripheric peripheric NNP 31627 1997 35 rim rim NNP 31627 1997 36 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1997 37 composed compose VBN 31627 1997 38 of of IN 31627 1997 39 the the DT 31627 1997 40 most most RBS 31627 1997 41 ancient ancient JJ 31627 1997 42 of of IN 31627 1997 43 the the DT 31627 1997 44 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1997 45 rocks rock NNS 31627 1997 46 , , , 31627 1997 47 andesite andesite NNP 31627 1997 48 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1997 49 , , , 31627 1997 50 of of IN 31627 1997 51 which which WDT 31627 1997 52 Verlaten Verlaten NNP 31627 1997 53 Island Island NNP 31627 1997 54 and and CC 31627 1997 55 Rakata Rakata NNP 31627 1997 56 formed form VBD 31627 1997 57 a a DT 31627 1997 58 part part NN 31627 1997 59 , , , 31627 1997 60 and and CC 31627 1997 61 one one CD 31627 1997 62 very very RB 31627 1997 63 small small JJ 31627 1997 64 islet islet NN 31627 1997 65 , , , 31627 1997 66 which which WDT 31627 1997 67 is be VBZ 31627 1997 68 noted note VBN 31627 1997 69 on on IN 31627 1997 70 the the DT 31627 1997 71 maps map NNS 31627 1997 72 as as IN 31627 1997 73 " " `` 31627 1997 74 rots rot NNS 31627 1997 75 " " '' 31627 1997 76 ( ( -LRB- 31627 1997 77 rock rock NN 31627 1997 78 ) ) -RRB- 31627 1997 79 , , , 31627 1997 80 and and CC 31627 1997 81 on on IN 31627 1997 82 the the DT 31627 1997 83 new new JJ 31627 1997 84 map map NN 31627 1997 85 of of IN 31627 1997 86 the the DT 31627 1997 87 Straits Straits NNPS 31627 1997 88 of of IN 31627 1997 89 Sunda Sunda NNP 31627 1997 90 of of IN 31627 1997 91 the the DT 31627 1997 92 Dutch Dutch NNP 31627 1997 93 Navy Navy NNP 31627 1997 94 as as IN 31627 1997 95 that that DT 31627 1997 96 of of IN 31627 1997 97 " " `` 31627 1997 98 Bootsmansrots Bootsmansrots NNPS 31627 1997 99 . . . 31627 1998 1 " " `` 31627 1998 2 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1998 3 4 4 CD 31627 1998 4 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1998 5 As as IN 31627 1998 6 shown show VBN 31627 1998 7 by by IN 31627 1998 8 the the DT 31627 1998 9 map map NN 31627 1998 10 in in IN 31627 1998 11 the the DT 31627 1998 12 Report Report NNP 31627 1998 13 of of IN 31627 1998 14 the the DT 31627 1998 15 Royal Royal NNP 31627 1998 16 Society Society NNP 31627 1998 17 , , , 31627 1998 18 the the DT 31627 1998 19 group group NN 31627 1998 20 of of IN 31627 1998 21 islands island NNS 31627 1998 22 which which WDT 31627 1998 23 existed exist VBD 31627 1998 24 previous previous JJ 31627 1998 25 to to IN 31627 1998 26 1883 1883 CD 31627 1998 27 were be VBD 31627 1998 28 but but CC 31627 1998 29 the the DT 31627 1998 30 unsubmerged unsubmerged JJ 31627 1998 31 portions portion NNS 31627 1998 32 of of IN 31627 1998 33 one one CD 31627 1998 34 vast vast JJ 31627 1998 35 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1998 36 crater crater NN 31627 1998 37 , , , 31627 1998 38 built build VBN 31627 1998 39 up up IN 31627 1998 40 of of IN 31627 1998 41 a a DT 31627 1998 42 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 1998 43 variety variety NN 31627 1998 44 of of IN 31627 1998 45 lava lava NN 31627 1998 46 allied ally VBN 31627 1998 47 to to IN 31627 1998 48 the the DT 31627 1998 49 andesite andesite NN 31627 1998 50 of of IN 31627 1998 51 the the DT 31627 1998 52 Java Java NNP 31627 1998 53 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 1998 54 , , , 31627 1998 55 but but CC 31627 1998 56 having have VBG 31627 1998 57 a a DT 31627 1998 58 larger large JJR 31627 1998 59 percentage percentage NN 31627 1998 60 of of IN 31627 1998 61 silica silica NN 31627 1998 62 , , , 31627 1998 63 and and CC 31627 1998 64 hence hence RB 31627 1998 65 falling fall VBG 31627 1998 66 under under IN 31627 1998 67 the the DT 31627 1998 68 head head NN 31627 1998 69 of of IN 31627 1998 70 " " `` 31627 1998 71 enstatite enstatite JJ 31627 1998 72 - - HYPH 31627 1998 73 dacite dacite NN 31627 1998 74 . . . 31627 1999 1 " " `` 31627 1999 2 [ [ -LRB- 31627 1999 3 5 5 CD 31627 1999 4 ] ] -RRB- 31627 1999 5 That that IN 31627 1999 6 these these DT 31627 1999 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 1999 8 rocks rock NNS 31627 1999 9 are be VBP 31627 1999 10 of of IN 31627 1999 11 very very RB 31627 1999 12 recent recent JJ 31627 1999 13 origin origin NN 31627 1999 14 is be VBZ 31627 1999 15 shown show VBN 31627 1999 16 by by IN 31627 1999 17 the the DT 31627 1999 18 fact fact NN 31627 1999 19 , , , 31627 1999 20 ascertained ascertain VBN 31627 1999 21 by by IN 31627 1999 22 Verbeek Verbeek NNP 31627 1999 23 , , , 31627 1999 24 that that IN 31627 1999 25 beneath beneath IN 31627 1999 26 them -PRON- PRP 31627 1999 27 occur occur VBP 31627 1999 28 deposits deposit NNS 31627 1999 29 of of IN 31627 1999 30 Post post JJ 31627 1999 31 - - NNP 31627 1999 32 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 1999 33 age age NN 31627 1999 34 , , , 31627 1999 35 and and CC 31627 1999 36 that that IN 31627 1999 37 these these DT 31627 1999 38 in in IN 31627 1999 39 turn turn NN 31627 1999 40 rest rest NN 31627 1999 41 on on IN 31627 1999 42 the the DT 31627 1999 43 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 1999 44 strata strata NN 31627 1999 45 which which WDT 31627 1999 46 are be VBP 31627 1999 47 widely widely RB 31627 1999 48 distributed distribute VBN 31627 1999 49 through through IN 31627 1999 50 Sumatra Sumatra NNP 31627 1999 51 , , , 31627 1999 52 Java Java NNP 31627 1999 53 , , , 31627 1999 54 and and CC 31627 1999 55 the the DT 31627 1999 56 adjoining adjoin VBG 31627 1999 57 islands island NNS 31627 1999 58 . . . 31627 2000 1 According accord VBG 31627 2000 2 to to IN 31627 2000 3 the the DT 31627 2000 4 reasoning reasoning NN 31627 2000 5 of of IN 31627 2000 6 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2000 7 Judd Judd NNP 31627 2000 8 , , , 31627 2000 9 the the DT 31627 2000 10 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2000 11 group group NN 31627 2000 12 at at IN 31627 2000 13 an an DT 31627 2000 14 early early JJ 31627 2000 15 period period NN 31627 2000 16 of of IN 31627 2000 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2000 18 history history NN 31627 2000 19 presented present VBD 31627 2000 20 the the DT 31627 2000 21 form form NN 31627 2000 22 of of IN 31627 2000 23 a a DT 31627 2000 24 magnificent magnificent JJ 31627 2000 25 crater crater NN 31627 2000 26 - - HYPH 31627 2000 27 cone cone NN 31627 2000 28 , , , 31627 2000 29 several several JJ 31627 2000 30 miles mile NNS 31627 2000 31 in in IN 31627 2000 32 circumference circumference NN 31627 2000 33 at at IN 31627 2000 34 the the DT 31627 2000 35 base base NN 31627 2000 36 , , , 31627 2000 37 which which WDT 31627 2000 38 subsequent subsequent JJ 31627 2000 39 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2000 40 shattered shatter VBD 31627 2000 41 into into IN 31627 2000 42 fragments fragment NNS 31627 2000 43 or or CC 31627 2000 44 blew blow VBD 31627 2000 45 into into IN 31627 2000 46 the the DT 31627 2000 47 air air NN 31627 2000 48 in in IN 31627 2000 49 the the DT 31627 2000 50 form form NN 31627 2000 51 of of IN 31627 2000 52 dust dust NN 31627 2000 53 , , , 31627 2000 54 ashes ashe NNS 31627 2000 55 , , , 31627 2000 56 and and CC 31627 2000 57 blocks block NNS 31627 2000 58 of of IN 31627 2000 59 lava lava NN 31627 2000 60 , , , 31627 2000 61 while while IN 31627 2000 62 the the DT 31627 2000 63 central central JJ 31627 2000 64 part part NN 31627 2000 65 collapsed collapse VBD 31627 2000 66 and and CC 31627 2000 67 fell fall VBD 31627 2000 68 in in RB 31627 2000 69 , , , 31627 2000 70 leaving leave VBG 31627 2000 71 a a DT 31627 2000 72 vast vast JJ 31627 2000 73 circular circular JJ 31627 2000 74 ring ring NN 31627 2000 75 like like IN 31627 2000 76 the the DT 31627 2000 77 ancient ancient JJ 31627 2000 78 crater crater NN 31627 2000 79 of of IN 31627 2000 80 Somma Somma NNP 31627 2000 81 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2000 82 see see VB 31627 2000 83 Fig Fig NNP 31627 2000 84 . . . 31627 2001 1 6 6 CD 31627 2001 2 , , , 31627 2001 3 p. p. NN 31627 2001 4 43 43 CD 31627 2001 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2001 6 , , , 31627 2001 7 and and CC 31627 2001 8 he -PRON- PRP 31627 2001 9 supposes suppose VBZ 31627 2001 10 the the DT 31627 2001 11 former former JJ 31627 2001 12 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2001 13 to to TO 31627 2001 14 have have VB 31627 2001 15 been be VBN 31627 2001 16 on on IN 31627 2001 17 a a DT 31627 2001 18 scale scale NN 31627 2001 19 exceeding exceeding NN 31627 2001 20 in in IN 31627 2001 21 magnificence magnificence NN 31627 2001 22 those those DT 31627 2001 23 which which WDT 31627 2001 24 have have VBP 31627 2001 25 caused cause VBN 31627 2001 26 such such JJ 31627 2001 27 world world NN 31627 2001 28 - - HYPH 31627 2001 29 wide wide JJ 31627 2001 30 interest interest NN 31627 2001 31 within within IN 31627 2001 32 the the DT 31627 2001 33 last last JJ 31627 2001 34 few few JJ 31627 2001 35 years year NNS 31627 2001 36 . . . 31627 2002 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2002 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2002 3 d. d. NNP 31627 2002 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2002 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2002 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2002 7 Eruption Eruption NNP 31627 2002 8 of of IN 31627 2002 9 26th 26th NN 31627 2002 10 to to IN 31627 2002 11 28th 28th NN 31627 2002 12 of of IN 31627 2002 13 August._--It august._--it NN 31627 2002 14 was be VBD 31627 2002 15 , , , 31627 2002 16 as as IN 31627 2002 17 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2002 18 have have VBP 31627 2002 19 seen see VBN 31627 2002 20 , , , 31627 2002 21 in in IN 31627 2002 22 the the DT 31627 2002 23 month month NN 31627 2002 24 of of IN 31627 2002 25 May May NNP 31627 2002 26 that that DT 31627 2002 27 , , , 31627 2002 28 in in IN 31627 2002 29 the the DT 31627 2002 30 language language NN 31627 2002 31 of of IN 31627 2002 32 Chev Chev NNP 31627 2002 33 . . . 31627 2003 1 Verbeek verbeek VB 31627 2003 2 , , , 31627 2003 3 " " `` 31627 2003 4 the the DT 31627 2003 5 volcano volcano NN 31627 2003 6 of of IN 31627 2003 7 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2003 8 chose choose VBD 31627 2003 9 to to TO 31627 2003 10 announce announce VB 31627 2003 11 in in IN 31627 2003 12 a a DT 31627 2003 13 high high JJ 31627 2003 14 voice voice NN 31627 2003 15 to to IN 31627 2003 16 the the DT 31627 2003 17 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 2003 18 of of IN 31627 2003 19 the the DT 31627 2003 20 Archipelago Archipelago NNP 31627 2003 21 that that IN 31627 2003 22 , , , 31627 2003 23 although although IN 31627 2003 24 almost almost RB 31627 2003 25 nothing nothing NN 31627 2003 26 amongst amongst IN 31627 2003 27 the the DT 31627 2003 28 many many JJ 31627 2003 29 colossal colossal JJ 31627 2003 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2003 31 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2003 32 of of IN 31627 2003 33 the the DT 31627 2003 34 Indies Indies NNPS 31627 2003 35 , , , 31627 2003 36 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2003 37 yielded yield VBD 31627 2003 38 to to IN 31627 2003 39 none none NN 31627 2003 40 of of IN 31627 2003 41 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2003 42 in in IN 31627 2003 43 regard regard NN 31627 2003 44 to to IN 31627 2003 45 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2003 46 power power NN 31627 2003 47 . . . 31627 2003 48 " " '' 31627 2004 1 These these DT 31627 2004 2 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2004 3 were be VBD 31627 2004 4 , , , 31627 2004 5 however however RB 31627 2004 6 , , , 31627 2004 7 only only RB 31627 2004 8 premonitory premonitory NN 31627 2004 9 of of IN 31627 2004 10 the the DT 31627 2004 11 tremendous tremendous JJ 31627 2004 12 and and CC 31627 2004 13 terrible terrible JJ 31627 2004 14 explosion explosion NN 31627 2004 15 which which WDT 31627 2004 16 was be VBD 31627 2004 17 to to TO 31627 2004 18 commence commence VB 31627 2004 19 on on IN 31627 2004 20 Sunday Sunday NNP 31627 2004 21 , , , 31627 2004 22 the the DT 31627 2004 23 26th 26th NN 31627 2004 24 of of IN 31627 2004 25 August August NNP 31627 2004 26 , , , 31627 2004 27 and and CC 31627 2004 28 which which WDT 31627 2004 29 continued continue VBD 31627 2004 30 for for IN 31627 2004 31 several several JJ 31627 2004 32 days day NNS 31627 2004 33 subsequently subsequently RB 31627 2004 34 . . . 31627 2005 1 A a DT 31627 2005 2 little little JJ 31627 2005 3 after after IN 31627 2005 4 noon noon NN 31627 2005 5 of of IN 31627 2005 6 that that DT 31627 2005 7 day day NN 31627 2005 8 , , , 31627 2005 9 a a DT 31627 2005 10 rumbling rumble VBG 31627 2005 11 noise noise NN 31627 2005 12 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 2005 13 by by IN 31627 2005 14 short short JJ 31627 2005 15 and and CC 31627 2005 16 feeble feeble JJ 31627 2005 17 explosions explosion NNS 31627 2005 18 was be VBD 31627 2005 19 heard hear VBN 31627 2005 20 at at IN 31627 2005 21 Buitenzorg Buitenzorg NNP 31627 2005 22 , , , 31627 2005 23 coming come VBG 31627 2005 24 from from IN 31627 2005 25 the the DT 31627 2005 26 direction direction NN 31627 2005 27 of of IN 31627 2005 28 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2005 29 ; ; : 31627 2005 30 and and CC 31627 2005 31 similar similar JJ 31627 2005 32 sounds sound NNS 31627 2005 33 were be VBD 31627 2005 34 heard hear VBN 31627 2005 35 at at IN 31627 2005 36 Anjer Anjer NNP 31627 2005 37 and and CC 31627 2005 38 Batavia Batavia NNP 31627 2005 39 a a DT 31627 2005 40 little little JJ 31627 2005 41 later later RB 31627 2005 42 . . . 31627 2006 1 Soon soon RB 31627 2006 2 these these DT 31627 2006 3 detonations detonation NNS 31627 2006 4 augmented augment VBN 31627 2006 5 in in IN 31627 2006 6 intensity intensity NN 31627 2006 7 , , , 31627 2006 8 especially especially RB 31627 2006 9 about about IN 31627 2006 10 five five CD 31627 2006 11 o'clock o'clock NN 31627 2006 12 in in IN 31627 2006 13 the the DT 31627 2006 14 evening evening NN 31627 2006 15 ; ; : 31627 2006 16 and and CC 31627 2006 17 news news NN 31627 2006 18 was be VBD 31627 2006 19 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 2006 20 received receive VBN 31627 2006 21 that that IN 31627 2006 22 the the DT 31627 2006 23 sounds sound NNS 31627 2006 24 had have VBD 31627 2006 25 been be VBN 31627 2006 26 heard hear VBN 31627 2006 27 in in IN 31627 2006 28 the the DT 31627 2006 29 isle isle NN 31627 2006 30 of of IN 31627 2006 31 Java Java NNP 31627 2006 32 . . . 31627 2007 1 These these DT 31627 2007 2 sounds sound NNS 31627 2007 3 increased increase VBD 31627 2007 4 still still RB 31627 2007 5 more more RBR 31627 2007 6 during during IN 31627 2007 7 the the DT 31627 2007 8 night night NN 31627 2007 9 , , , 31627 2007 10 so so IN 31627 2007 11 that that IN 31627 2007 12 few few JJ 31627 2007 13 persons person NNS 31627 2007 14 living live VBG 31627 2007 15 on on IN 31627 2007 16 the the DT 31627 2007 17 west west JJ 31627 2007 18 side side NN 31627 2007 19 of of IN 31627 2007 20 the the DT 31627 2007 21 isle isle NN 31627 2007 22 of of IN 31627 2007 23 Java Java NNP 31627 2007 24 were be VBD 31627 2007 25 able able JJ 31627 2007 26 to to TO 31627 2007 27 sleep sleep VB 31627 2007 28 . . . 31627 2008 1 At at IN 31627 2008 2 seven seven CD 31627 2008 3 in in IN 31627 2008 4 the the DT 31627 2008 5 morning morning NN 31627 2008 6 there there EX 31627 2008 7 came come VBD 31627 2008 8 a a DT 31627 2008 9 crash crash NN 31627 2008 10 so so RB 31627 2008 11 formidable formidable JJ 31627 2008 12 , , , 31627 2008 13 that that IN 31627 2008 14 those those DT 31627 2008 15 who who WP 31627 2008 16 had have VBD 31627 2008 17 hoped hope VBN 31627 2008 18 for for IN 31627 2008 19 a a DT 31627 2008 20 little little JJ 31627 2008 21 sleep sleep NN 31627 2008 22 at at IN 31627 2008 23 Buitenzorg Buitenzorg NNP 31627 2008 24 leaped leap VBD 31627 2008 25 from from IN 31627 2008 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2008 27 beds bed NNS 31627 2008 28 . . . 31627 2009 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB 31627 2009 2 the the DT 31627 2009 3 sky sky NN 31627 2009 4 , , , 31627 2009 5 which which WDT 31627 2009 6 had have VBD 31627 2009 7 up up RP 31627 2009 8 to to IN 31627 2009 9 this this DT 31627 2009 10 time time NN 31627 2009 11 been be VBN 31627 2009 12 clear clear JJ 31627 2009 13 , , , 31627 2009 14 became become VBD 31627 2009 15 overcast overcast JJ 31627 2009 16 , , , 31627 2009 17 so so IN 31627 2009 18 that that IN 31627 2009 19 by by IN 31627 2009 20 ten ten CD 31627 2009 21 o'clock o'clock NN 31627 2009 22 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2009 23 became become VBD 31627 2009 24 necessary necessary JJ 31627 2009 25 to to TO 31627 2009 26 have have VB 31627 2009 27 recourse recourse VBN 31627 2009 28 to to IN 31627 2009 29 lamps lamp NNS 31627 2009 30 , , , 31627 2009 31 and and CC 31627 2009 32 the the DT 31627 2009 33 air air NN 31627 2009 34 became become VBD 31627 2009 35 charged charge VBN 31627 2009 36 with with IN 31627 2009 37 vapour vapour NN 31627 2009 38 . . . 31627 2010 1 Occasional occasional JJ 31627 2010 2 shocks shock NNS 31627 2010 3 of of IN 31627 2010 4 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2010 5 were be VBD 31627 2010 6 now now RB 31627 2010 7 felt feel VBN 31627 2010 8 . . . 31627 2011 1 Darkness darkness NN 31627 2011 2 became become VBD 31627 2011 3 general general JJ 31627 2011 4 all all RB 31627 2011 5 over over IN 31627 2011 6 the the DT 31627 2011 7 straits strait NNS 31627 2011 8 and and CC 31627 2011 9 the the DT 31627 2011 10 bordering bordering NN 31627 2011 11 coasts coast NNS 31627 2011 12 . . . 31627 2012 1 Showers shower NNS 31627 2012 2 of of IN 31627 2012 3 ashes ashe NNS 31627 2012 4 began begin VBD 31627 2012 5 to to TO 31627 2012 6 fall fall VB 31627 2012 7 . . . 31627 2013 1 The the DT 31627 2013 2 repeated repeat VBN 31627 2013 3 shocks shock NNS 31627 2013 4 of of IN 31627 2013 5 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2013 6 , , , 31627 2013 7 and and CC 31627 2013 8 the the DT 31627 2013 9 rapid rapid JJ 31627 2013 10 discharges discharge NNS 31627 2013 11 of of IN 31627 2013 12 subterranean subterranean JJ 31627 2013 13 artillery artillery NN 31627 2013 14 , , , 31627 2013 15 all all DT 31627 2013 16 combined combine VBN 31627 2013 17 to to TO 31627 2013 18 show show VB 31627 2013 19 that that IN 31627 2013 20 an an DT 31627 2013 21 eruption eruption NN 31627 2013 22 of of IN 31627 2013 23 even even RB 31627 2013 24 greater great JJR 31627 2013 25 violence violence NN 31627 2013 26 than than IN 31627 2013 27 that that DT 31627 2013 28 of of IN 31627 2013 29 May May NNP 31627 2013 30 was be VBD 31627 2013 31 in in IN 31627 2013 32 progress progress NN 31627 2013 33 at at IN 31627 2013 34 the the DT 31627 2013 35 isle isle NN 31627 2013 36 of of IN 31627 2013 37 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2013 38 . . . 31627 2014 1 But but CC 31627 2014 2 the the DT 31627 2014 3 most most RBS 31627 2014 4 interested interested JJ 31627 2014 5 witnesses witness NNS 31627 2014 6 to to IN 31627 2014 7 this this DT 31627 2014 8 terrible terrible JJ 31627 2014 9 outburst outburst NN 31627 2014 10 were be VBD 31627 2014 11 those those DT 31627 2014 12 on on IN 31627 2014 13 board board NN 31627 2014 14 the the DT 31627 2014 15 ships ship NNS 31627 2014 16 plying ply VBG 31627 2014 17 through through IN 31627 2014 18 the the DT 31627 2014 19 straits strait NNS 31627 2014 20 . . . 31627 2015 1 Amongst amongst IN 31627 2015 2 these these DT 31627 2015 3 was be VBD 31627 2015 4 the the DT 31627 2015 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2015 6 Charles Charles NNP 31627 2015 7 Bal Bal NNP 31627 2015 8 _ _ NNP 31627 2015 9 , , , 31627 2015 10 a a DT 31627 2015 11 British british JJ 31627 2015 12 vessel vessel NN 31627 2015 13 under under IN 31627 2015 14 the the DT 31627 2015 15 command command NN 31627 2015 16 of of IN 31627 2015 17 Captain Captain NNP 31627 2015 18 Watson Watson NNP 31627 2015 19 . . . 31627 2016 1 This this DT 31627 2016 2 ship ship NN 31627 2016 3 was be VBD 31627 2016 4 ten ten CD 31627 2016 5 miles mile NNS 31627 2016 6 south south RB 31627 2016 7 of of IN 31627 2016 8 the the DT 31627 2016 9 volcano volcano NN 31627 2016 10 on on IN 31627 2016 11 Sunday Sunday NNP 31627 2016 12 afternoon afternoon NN 31627 2016 13 , , , 31627 2016 14 and and CC 31627 2016 15 therefore therefore RB 31627 2016 16 well well RB 31627 2016 17 in in IN 31627 2016 18 sight sight NN 31627 2016 19 of of IN 31627 2016 20 the the DT 31627 2016 21 island island NN 31627 2016 22 at at IN 31627 2016 23 the the DT 31627 2016 24 time time NN 31627 2016 25 when when WRB 31627 2016 26 the the DT 31627 2016 27 volcano volcano NN 31627 2016 28 had have VBD 31627 2016 29 entered enter VBN 31627 2016 30 upon upon IN 31627 2016 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2016 32 paroxysmal paroxysmal JJ 31627 2016 33 state state NN 31627 2016 34 of of IN 31627 2016 35 action action NN 31627 2016 36 . . . 31627 2017 1 Captain Captain NNP 31627 2017 2 Watson Watson NNP 31627 2017 3 describes describe VBZ 31627 2017 4 the the DT 31627 2017 5 island island NN 31627 2017 6 as as IN 31627 2017 7 being be VBG 31627 2017 8 covered cover VBN 31627 2017 9 by by IN 31627 2017 10 a a DT 31627 2017 11 dense dense JJ 31627 2017 12 black black JJ 31627 2017 13 cloud cloud NN 31627 2017 14 , , , 31627 2017 15 while while IN 31627 2017 16 sounds sound VBZ 31627 2017 17 like like IN 31627 2017 18 the the DT 31627 2017 19 discharges discharge NNS 31627 2017 20 of of IN 31627 2017 21 artillery artillery NN 31627 2017 22 occurred occur VBD 31627 2017 23 at at IN 31627 2017 24 intervals interval NNS 31627 2017 25 of of IN 31627 2017 26 a a DT 31627 2017 27 second second NN 31627 2017 28 of of IN 31627 2017 29 time time NN 31627 2017 30 ; ; : 31627 2017 31 and and CC 31627 2017 32 a a DT 31627 2017 33 crackling crackle VBG 31627 2017 34 noise noise NN 31627 2017 35 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2017 36 probably probably RB 31627 2017 37 arising arise VBG 31627 2017 38 from from IN 31627 2017 39 the the DT 31627 2017 40 impact impact NN 31627 2017 41 of of IN 31627 2017 42 fragments fragment NNS 31627 2017 43 of of IN 31627 2017 44 rock rock NN 31627 2017 45 ascending ascending NN 31627 2017 46 and and CC 31627 2017 47 descending descend VBG 31627 2017 48 in in IN 31627 2017 49 the the DT 31627 2017 50 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 2017 51 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2017 52 was be VBD 31627 2017 53 heard hear VBN 31627 2017 54 by by IN 31627 2017 55 those those DT 31627 2017 56 on on IN 31627 2017 57 board board NN 31627 2017 58 . . . 31627 2018 1 These these DT 31627 2018 2 appearances appearance NNS 31627 2018 3 became become VBD 31627 2018 4 so so RB 31627 2018 5 threatening threaten VBG 31627 2018 6 towards towards IN 31627 2018 7 five five CD 31627 2018 8 o'clock o'clock NN 31627 2018 9 in in IN 31627 2018 10 the the DT 31627 2018 11 evening evening NN 31627 2018 12 , , , 31627 2018 13 that that IN 31627 2018 14 the the DT 31627 2018 15 commander commander NN 31627 2018 16 feared fear VBD 31627 2018 17 to to TO 31627 2018 18 continue continue VB 31627 2018 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2018 20 voyage voyage NN 31627 2018 21 and and CC 31627 2018 22 began begin VBD 31627 2018 23 to to TO 31627 2018 24 shorten shorten VB 31627 2018 25 sail sail NN 31627 2018 26 . . . 31627 2019 1 From from IN 31627 2019 2 five five CD 31627 2019 3 to to TO 31627 2019 4 six six CD 31627 2019 5 o'clock o'clock NN 31627 2019 6 a a DT 31627 2019 7 rain rain NN 31627 2019 8 of of IN 31627 2019 9 pumice pumice NN 31627 2019 10 in in IN 31627 2019 11 large large JJ 31627 2019 12 pieces piece NNS 31627 2019 13 , , , 31627 2019 14 quite quite RB 31627 2019 15 warm warm JJ 31627 2019 16 , , , 31627 2019 17 fell fall VBD 31627 2019 18 upon upon IN 31627 2019 19 the the DT 31627 2019 20 ship ship NN 31627 2019 21 , , , 31627 2019 22 which which WDT 31627 2019 23 was be VBD 31627 2019 24 one one CD 31627 2019 25 of of IN 31627 2019 26 those those DT 31627 2019 27 that that WDT 31627 2019 28 escaped escape VBD 31627 2019 29 destruction destruction NN 31627 2019 30 during during IN 31627 2019 31 this this DT 31627 2019 32 terrible terrible JJ 31627 2019 33 night night NN 31627 2019 34 . . . 31627 2020 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2020 2 6 6 CD 31627 2020 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2020 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2020 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2020 6 e. e. NNP 31627 2020 7 _ _ NNP 31627 2020 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2020 9 _ _ NNP 31627 2020 10 Electrical Electrical NNP 31627 2020 11 Phenomena._--During phenomena._--dure VBG 31627 2020 12 this this DT 31627 2020 13 eruption eruption NN 31627 2020 14 , , , 31627 2020 15 electrical electrical JJ 31627 2020 16 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2020 17 of of IN 31627 2020 18 great great JJ 31627 2020 19 splendour splendour NN 31627 2020 20 were be VBD 31627 2020 21 observed observe VBN 31627 2020 22 . . . 31627 2021 1 Captain Captain NNP 31627 2021 2 Wooldbridge Wooldbridge NNP 31627 2021 3 , , , 31627 2021 4 viewing view VBG 31627 2021 5 the the DT 31627 2021 6 eruption eruption NN 31627 2021 7 in in IN 31627 2021 8 the the DT 31627 2021 9 afternoon afternoon NN 31627 2021 10 of of IN 31627 2021 11 the the DT 31627 2021 12 26th 26th NN 31627 2021 13 from from IN 31627 2021 14 a a DT 31627 2021 15 distance distance NN 31627 2021 16 of of IN 31627 2021 17 forty forty CD 31627 2021 18 miles mile NNS 31627 2021 19 , , , 31627 2021 20 speaks speak VBZ 31627 2021 21 of of IN 31627 2021 22 a a DT 31627 2021 23 great great JJ 31627 2021 24 vapour vapour NN 31627 2021 25 - - HYPH 31627 2021 26 cloud cloud NN 31627 2021 27 looking look VBG 31627 2021 28 like like IN 31627 2021 29 an an DT 31627 2021 30 immense immense JJ 31627 2021 31 wall wall NN 31627 2021 32 being be VBG 31627 2021 33 momentarily momentarily RB 31627 2021 34 lighted light VBN 31627 2021 35 up up RP 31627 2021 36 " " '' 31627 2021 37 by by IN 31627 2021 38 bursts burst NNS 31627 2021 39 of of IN 31627 2021 40 forked forked JJ 31627 2021 41 lightning lightning NN 31627 2021 42 like like IN 31627 2021 43 large large JJ 31627 2021 44 serpents serpent NNS 31627 2021 45 rushing rush VBG 31627 2021 46 through through IN 31627 2021 47 the the DT 31627 2021 48 air air NN 31627 2021 49 . . . 31627 2022 1 After after IN 31627 2022 2 sunset sunset NN 31627 2022 3 this this DT 31627 2022 4 dark dark JJ 31627 2022 5 wall wall NN 31627 2022 6 resembled resemble VBD 31627 2022 7 a a DT 31627 2022 8 blood blood NN 31627 2022 9 - - HYPH 31627 2022 10 red red JJ 31627 2022 11 curtain curtain NN 31627 2022 12 , , , 31627 2022 13 with with IN 31627 2022 14 edges edge NNS 31627 2022 15 of of IN 31627 2022 16 all all DT 31627 2022 17 shades shade NNS 31627 2022 18 of of IN 31627 2022 19 yellow yellow NN 31627 2022 20 , , , 31627 2022 21 the the DT 31627 2022 22 whole whole NN 31627 2022 23 of of IN 31627 2022 24 a a DT 31627 2022 25 murky murky JJ 31627 2022 26 tinge tinge NN 31627 2022 27 , , , 31627 2022 28 through through IN 31627 2022 29 which which WDT 31627 2022 30 gleamed gleam VBD 31627 2022 31 fierce fierce JJ 31627 2022 32 flashes flash NNS 31627 2022 33 of of IN 31627 2022 34 lightning lightning NN 31627 2022 35 . . . 31627 2022 36 " " '' 31627 2023 1 As as IN 31627 2023 2 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2023 3 Judd Judd NNP 31627 2023 4 observes observe VBZ 31627 2023 5 , , , 31627 2023 6 the the DT 31627 2023 7 abundant abundant JJ 31627 2023 8 generation generation NN 31627 2023 9 of of IN 31627 2023 10 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 31627 2023 11 electricity electricity NN 31627 2023 12 is be VBZ 31627 2023 13 a a DT 31627 2023 14 familiar familiar JJ 31627 2023 15 phenomenon phenomenon NN 31627 2023 16 in in IN 31627 2023 17 all all DT 31627 2023 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2023 19 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2023 20 on on IN 31627 2023 21 a a DT 31627 2023 22 grand grand JJ 31627 2023 23 scale scale NN 31627 2023 24 . . . 31627 2024 1 The the DT 31627 2024 2 steam steam NN 31627 2024 3 - - HYPH 31627 2024 4 jets jet NNS 31627 2024 5 rushing rush VBG 31627 2024 6 through through IN 31627 2024 7 the the DT 31627 2024 8 orifices orifice NNS 31627 2024 9 of of IN 31627 2024 10 the the DT 31627 2024 11 earth earth NN 31627 2024 12 's 's POS 31627 2024 13 crust crust NN 31627 2024 14 constitute constitute VBP 31627 2024 15 an an DT 31627 2024 16 enormous enormous JJ 31627 2024 17 hydro hydro NNP 31627 2024 18 - - HYPH 31627 2024 19 electrical electrical JJ 31627 2024 20 engine engine NN 31627 2024 21 , , , 31627 2024 22 and and CC 31627 2024 23 the the DT 31627 2024 24 friction friction NN 31627 2024 25 of of IN 31627 2024 26 the the DT 31627 2024 27 ejected eject VBN 31627 2024 28 materials material NNS 31627 2024 29 striking strike VBG 31627 2024 30 against against IN 31627 2024 31 one one CD 31627 2024 32 another another DT 31627 2024 33 in in IN 31627 2024 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2024 35 ascent ascent NN 31627 2024 36 and and CC 31627 2024 37 descent descent NN 31627 2024 38 also also RB 31627 2024 39 does do VBZ 31627 2024 40 much much JJ 31627 2024 41 in in IN 31627 2024 42 the the DT 31627 2024 43 way way NN 31627 2024 44 of of IN 31627 2024 45 generating generate VBG 31627 2024 46 electricity electricity NN 31627 2024 47 . . . 31627 2025 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2025 2 7 7 CD 31627 2025 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2025 4 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2025 5 has have VBZ 31627 2025 6 been be VBN 31627 2025 7 estimated estimate VBN 31627 2025 8 by by IN 31627 2025 9 several several JJ 31627 2025 10 observers observer NNS 31627 2025 11 that that WDT 31627 2025 12 the the DT 31627 2025 13 column column NN 31627 2025 14 of of IN 31627 2025 15 watery watery JJ 31627 2025 16 vapour vapour NN 31627 2025 17 ascended ascend VBN 31627 2025 18 to to IN 31627 2025 19 a a DT 31627 2025 20 height height NN 31627 2025 21 of of IN 31627 2025 22 from from IN 31627 2025 23 twelve twelve CD 31627 2025 24 to to IN 31627 2025 25 seventeen seventeen CD 31627 2025 26 and and CC 31627 2025 27 even even RB 31627 2025 28 twenty twenty CD 31627 2025 29 - - HYPH 31627 2025 30 three three CD 31627 2025 31 miles mile NNS 31627 2025 32 ; ; : 31627 2025 33 and and CC 31627 2025 34 on on IN 31627 2025 35 reaching reach VBG 31627 2025 36 the the DT 31627 2025 37 upper upper JJ 31627 2025 38 strata strata NN 31627 2025 39 of of IN 31627 2025 40 the the DT 31627 2025 41 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 2025 42 , , , 31627 2025 43 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2025 44 spread spread VBD 31627 2025 45 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 2025 46 out out RP 31627 2025 47 in in IN 31627 2025 48 a a DT 31627 2025 49 vast vast JJ 31627 2025 50 canopy canopy NN 31627 2025 51 resembling resemble VBG 31627 2025 52 " " `` 31627 2025 53 the the DT 31627 2025 54 pine pine JJ 31627 2025 55 - - HYPH 31627 2025 56 tree tree NN 31627 2025 57 " " '' 31627 2025 58 form form NN 31627 2025 59 of of IN 31627 2025 60 Vesuvian vesuvian JJ 31627 2025 61 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2025 62 ; ; : 31627 2025 63 and and CC 31627 2025 64 throughout throughout IN 31627 2025 65 the the DT 31627 2025 66 long long JJ 31627 2025 67 night night NN 31627 2025 68 of of IN 31627 2025 69 the the DT 31627 2025 70 27th 27th NN 31627 2025 71 this this DT 31627 2025 72 canopy canopy NN 31627 2025 73 continued continue VBD 31627 2025 74 to to TO 31627 2025 75 extend extend VB 31627 2025 76 laterally laterally RB 31627 2025 77 , , , 31627 2025 78 and and CC 31627 2025 79 the the DT 31627 2025 80 particles particle NNS 31627 2025 81 of of IN 31627 2025 82 dust dust NN 31627 2025 83 which which WDT 31627 2025 84 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2025 85 enclosed enclose VBD 31627 2025 86 began begin VBD 31627 2025 87 to to TO 31627 2025 88 descend descend VB 31627 2025 89 slowly slowly RB 31627 2025 90 through through IN 31627 2025 91 the the DT 31627 2025 92 air air NN 31627 2025 93 . . . 31627 2026 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2026 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2026 3 f. f. NNP 31627 2026 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2026 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2026 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2026 7 Formation Formation NNP 31627 2026 8 of of IN 31627 2026 9 Waves._--This waves._--this CD 31627 2026 10 tremendous tremendous JJ 31627 2026 11 outburst outburst NN 31627 2026 12 of of IN 31627 2026 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2026 14 forces force NNS 31627 2026 15 , , , 31627 2026 16 which which WDT 31627 2026 17 to to IN 31627 2026 18 a a DT 31627 2026 19 greater great JJR 31627 2026 20 or or CC 31627 2026 21 less less RBR 31627 2026 22 extent extent NN 31627 2026 23 influenced influence VBD 31627 2026 24 the the DT 31627 2026 25 entire entire JJ 31627 2026 26 surface surface NN 31627 2026 27 of of IN 31627 2026 28 the the DT 31627 2026 29 globe globe NN 31627 2026 30 , , , 31627 2026 31 gave give VBD 31627 2026 32 rise rise NN 31627 2026 33 to to IN 31627 2026 34 waves wave NNS 31627 2026 35 which which WDT 31627 2026 36 traversed traverse VBD 31627 2026 37 both both DT 31627 2026 38 air air NN 31627 2026 39 and and CC 31627 2026 40 ocean ocean NN 31627 2026 41 ; ; : 31627 2026 42 and and CC 31627 2026 43 in in IN 31627 2026 44 consequence consequence NN 31627 2026 45 of of IN 31627 2026 46 the the DT 31627 2026 47 large large JJ 31627 2026 48 number number NN 31627 2026 49 of of IN 31627 2026 50 observatories observatory NNS 31627 2026 51 scattered scatter VBN 31627 2026 52 all all RB 31627 2026 53 over over IN 31627 2026 54 the the DT 31627 2026 55 globe globe NN 31627 2026 56 , , , 31627 2026 57 and and CC 31627 2026 58 the the DT 31627 2026 59 excellence excellence NN 31627 2026 60 and and CC 31627 2026 61 delicacy delicacy NN 31627 2026 62 of of IN 31627 2026 63 the the DT 31627 2026 64 instruments instrument NNS 31627 2026 65 of of IN 31627 2026 66 observation observation NN 31627 2026 67 , , , 31627 2026 68 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2026 69 are be VBP 31627 2026 70 put put VBN 31627 2026 71 in in IN 31627 2026 72 possession possession NN 31627 2026 73 of of IN 31627 2026 74 the the DT 31627 2026 75 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2026 76 results result NNS 31627 2026 77 which which WDT 31627 2026 78 have have VBP 31627 2026 79 been be VBN 31627 2026 80 obtained obtain VBN 31627 2026 81 from from IN 31627 2026 82 the the DT 31627 2026 83 collection collection NN 31627 2026 84 of of IN 31627 2026 85 the the DT 31627 2026 86 observations observation NNS 31627 2026 87 in in IN 31627 2026 88 the the DT 31627 2026 89 hands hand NNS 31627 2026 90 of of IN 31627 2026 91 competent competent JJ 31627 2026 92 specialists specialist NNS 31627 2026 93 . . . 31627 2027 1 The the DT 31627 2027 2 results result NNS 31627 2027 3 are be VBP 31627 2027 4 related relate VBN 31627 2027 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2027 6 in in IN 31627 2027 7 extenso extenso NNP 31627 2027 8 _ _ NNP 31627 2027 9 in in IN 31627 2027 10 the the DT 31627 2027 11 Report Report NNP 31627 2027 12 of of IN 31627 2027 13 the the DT 31627 2027 14 Royal Royal NNP 31627 2027 15 Society Society NNP 31627 2027 16 , , , 31627 2027 17 illustrated illustrate VBN 31627 2027 18 by by IN 31627 2027 19 maps map NNS 31627 2027 20 and and CC 31627 2027 21 diagrams diagram NNS 31627 2027 22 , , , 31627 2027 23 and and CC 31627 2027 24 are be VBP 31627 2027 25 worthy worthy JJ 31627 2027 26 of of IN 31627 2027 27 careful careful JJ 31627 2027 28 study study NN 31627 2027 29 by by IN 31627 2027 30 those those DT 31627 2027 31 interested interested JJ 31627 2027 32 in in IN 31627 2027 33 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 2027 34 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2027 35 . . . 31627 2028 1 A a DT 31627 2028 2 brief brief JJ 31627 2028 3 summary summary NN 31627 2028 4 is be VBZ 31627 2028 5 all all DT 31627 2028 6 that that WDT 31627 2028 7 can can MD 31627 2028 8 be be VB 31627 2028 9 given give VBN 31627 2028 10 here here RB 31627 2028 11 , , , 31627 2028 12 but but CC 31627 2028 13 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2028 14 will will MD 31627 2028 15 probably probably RB 31627 2028 16 suffice suffice VB 31627 2028 17 to to TO 31627 2028 18 bring bring VB 31627 2028 19 home home RB 31627 2028 20 to to IN 31627 2028 21 the the DT 31627 2028 22 reader reader NN 31627 2028 23 the the DT 31627 2028 24 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 2028 25 and and CC 31627 2028 26 grandeur grandeur NN 31627 2028 27 of of IN 31627 2028 28 the the DT 31627 2028 29 eruption eruption NN 31627 2028 30 . . . 31627 2029 1 The the DT 31627 2029 2 vibrations vibration NNS 31627 2029 3 or or CC 31627 2029 4 waves wave NNS 31627 2029 5 generated generate VBN 31627 2029 6 in in IN 31627 2029 7 August August NNP 31627 2029 8 , , , 31627 2029 9 1883 1883 CD 31627 2029 10 , , , 31627 2029 11 at at IN 31627 2029 12 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2029 13 may may MD 31627 2029 14 be be VB 31627 2029 15 arranged arrange VBN 31627 2029 16 under under IN 31627 2029 17 three three CD 31627 2029 18 heads head NNS 31627 2029 19 : : : 31627 2029 20 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2029 21 1 1 LS 31627 2029 22 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2029 23 Atmospheric Atmospheric NNP 31627 2029 24 Waves Waves NNPS 31627 2029 25 ; ; : 31627 2029 26 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2029 27 2 2 LS 31627 2029 28 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2029 29 Sound Sound NNP 31627 2029 30 Waves wave NNS 31627 2029 31 ; ; : 31627 2029 32 and and CC 31627 2029 33 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2029 34 3 3 LS 31627 2029 35 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2029 36 Oceanic oceanic JJ 31627 2029 37 Waves wave NNS 31627 2029 38 ; ; : 31627 2029 39 which which WDT 31627 2029 40 I -PRON- PRP 31627 2029 41 will will MD 31627 2029 42 touch touch VB 31627 2029 43 upon upon IN 31627 2029 44 in in IN 31627 2029 45 the the DT 31627 2029 46 order order NN 31627 2029 47 here here RB 31627 2029 48 stated state VBD 31627 2029 49 . . . 31627 2030 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2030 2 1 1 LS 31627 2030 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2030 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2030 5 Atmospheric Atmospheric NNP 31627 2030 6 Waves._--These waves._--these JJ 31627 2030 7 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2030 8 have have VBP 31627 2030 9 been be VBN 31627 2030 10 ably ably RB 31627 2030 11 handled handle VBN 31627 2030 12 by by IN 31627 2030 13 General General NNP 31627 2030 14 Strachey,[8 Strachey,[8 NNP 31627 2030 15 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2030 16 from from IN 31627 2030 17 a a DT 31627 2030 18 large large JJ 31627 2030 19 number number NN 31627 2030 20 of of IN 31627 2030 21 observations observation NNS 31627 2030 22 extending extend VBG 31627 2030 23 all all RB 31627 2030 24 over over IN 31627 2030 25 the the DT 31627 2030 26 globe globe NN 31627 2030 27 . . . 31627 2031 1 From from IN 31627 2031 2 these these DT 31627 2031 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2031 4 has have VBZ 31627 2031 5 been be VBN 31627 2031 6 clearly clearly RB 31627 2031 7 established establish VBN 31627 2031 8 that that IN 31627 2031 9 an an DT 31627 2031 10 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 31627 2031 11 wave wave NN 31627 2031 12 , , , 31627 2031 13 originating originate VBG 31627 2031 14 at at IN 31627 2031 15 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2031 16 as as IN 31627 2031 17 a a DT 31627 2031 18 centre centre NN 31627 2031 19 , , , 31627 2031 20 expanded expand VBN 31627 2031 21 outwards outward NNS 31627 2031 22 in in IN 31627 2031 23 a a DT 31627 2031 24 circular circular JJ 31627 2031 25 form form NN 31627 2031 26 and and CC 31627 2031 27 travelled travel VBD 31627 2031 28 onwards onwards RB 31627 2031 29 till till IN 31627 2031 30 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2031 31 became become VBD 31627 2031 32 a a DT 31627 2031 33 great great JJ 31627 2031 34 circle circle NN 31627 2031 35 at at IN 31627 2031 36 a a DT 31627 2031 37 distance distance NN 31627 2031 38 of of IN 31627 2031 39 180 180 CD 31627 2031 40 degrees degree NNS 31627 2031 41 from from IN 31627 2031 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2031 43 point point NN 31627 2031 44 of of IN 31627 2031 45 origin origin NN 31627 2031 46 , , , 31627 2031 47 after after IN 31627 2031 48 which which WDT 31627 2031 49 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2031 50 still still RB 31627 2031 51 advanced advance VBD 31627 2031 52 , , , 31627 2031 53 but but CC 31627 2031 54 now now RB 31627 2031 55 gradually gradually RB 31627 2031 56 contracting contract VBG 31627 2031 57 to to IN 31627 2031 58 a a DT 31627 2031 59 node node NN 31627 2031 60 at at IN 31627 2031 61 the the DT 31627 2031 62 antipodes antipode NNS 31627 2031 63 of of IN 31627 2031 64 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2031 65 ; ; : 31627 2031 66 that that DT 31627 2031 67 is be VBZ 31627 2031 68 to to TO 31627 2031 69 say say VB 31627 2031 70 , , , 31627 2031 71 at at IN 31627 2031 72 a a DT 31627 2031 73 point point NN 31627 2031 74 over over IN 31627 2031 75 the the DT 31627 2031 76 surface surface NN 31627 2031 77 of of IN 31627 2031 78 North North NNP 31627 2031 79 America America NNP 31627 2031 80 , , , 31627 2031 81 situated situate VBN 31627 2031 82 in in IN 31627 2031 83 lat lat NNP 31627 2031 84 . . . 31627 2032 1 6 6 CD 31627 2032 2 ° ° , 31627 2032 3 N. N. NNP 31627 2032 4 and and CC 31627 2032 5 long long RB 31627 2032 6 . . . 31627 2033 1 72 72 CD 31627 2033 2 ° ° NNS 31627 2033 3 W. W. NNP 31627 2033 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2033 5 or or CC 31627 2033 6 thereabout thereabout RB 31627 2033 7 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2033 8 . . . 31627 2034 1 Having have VBG 31627 2034 2 attained attain VBN 31627 2034 3 this this DT 31627 2034 4 position position NN 31627 2034 5 , , , 31627 2034 6 the the DT 31627 2034 7 wave wave NN 31627 2034 8 was be VBD 31627 2034 9 reflected reflect VBN 31627 2034 10 or or CC 31627 2034 11 reproduced reproduce VBN 31627 2034 12 , , , 31627 2034 13 expanding expand VBG 31627 2034 14 outwards outward NNS 31627 2034 15 for for IN 31627 2034 16 180 180 CD 31627 2034 17 degrees degree NNS 31627 2034 18 and and CC 31627 2034 19 travelling travel VBG 31627 2034 20 backwards backwards RB 31627 2034 21 again again RB 31627 2034 22 to to IN 31627 2034 23 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2034 24 , , , 31627 2034 25 from from IN 31627 2034 26 which which WDT 31627 2034 27 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2034 28 again again RB 31627 2034 29 started start VBD 31627 2034 30 , , , 31627 2034 31 and and CC 31627 2034 32 returning return VBG 31627 2034 33 to to IN 31627 2034 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2034 35 original original JJ 31627 2034 36 form form NN 31627 2034 37 again again RB 31627 2034 38 overspread overspread VBP 31627 2034 39 the the DT 31627 2034 40 globe globe NN 31627 2034 41 . . . 31627 2035 1 This this DT 31627 2035 2 wonderful wonderful JJ 31627 2035 3 repetition repetition NN 31627 2035 4 , , , 31627 2035 5 due due IN 31627 2035 6 to to IN 31627 2035 7 the the DT 31627 2035 8 spherical spherical JJ 31627 2035 9 form form NN 31627 2035 10 of of IN 31627 2035 11 the the DT 31627 2035 12 earth earth NN 31627 2035 13 , , , 31627 2035 14 was be VBD 31627 2035 15 observed observe VBN 31627 2035 16 no no RB 31627 2035 17 fewer few JJR 31627 2035 18 than than IN 31627 2035 19 seven seven CD 31627 2035 20 times time NNS 31627 2035 21 , , , 31627 2035 22 though though RB 31627 2035 23 with with IN 31627 2035 24 such such JJ 31627 2035 25 diminished diminished JJ 31627 2035 26 force force NN 31627 2035 27 as as IN 31627 2035 28 ultimately ultimately RB 31627 2035 29 to to TO 31627 2035 30 be be VB 31627 2035 31 outside outside IN 31627 2035 32 the the DT 31627 2035 33 range range NN 31627 2035 34 of of IN 31627 2035 35 observation observation NN 31627 2035 36 by by IN 31627 2035 37 the the DT 31627 2035 38 most most RBS 31627 2035 39 sensitive sensitive JJ 31627 2035 40 instruments instrument NNS 31627 2035 41 . . . 31627 2036 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2036 2 is be VBZ 31627 2036 3 one one CD 31627 2036 4 of of IN 31627 2036 5 the the DT 31627 2036 6 triumphs triumph NNS 31627 2036 7 of of IN 31627 2036 8 modern modern JJ 31627 2036 9 scientific scientific JJ 31627 2036 10 appliances appliance NNS 31627 2036 11 that that IN 31627 2036 12 the the DT 31627 2036 13 course course NN 31627 2036 14 of of IN 31627 2036 15 such such PDT 31627 2036 16 a a DT 31627 2036 17 wave wave NN 31627 2036 18 , , , 31627 2036 19 generated generate VBN 31627 2036 20 in in IN 31627 2036 21 a a DT 31627 2036 22 fluid fluid NN 31627 2036 23 surrounding surround VBG 31627 2036 24 a a DT 31627 2036 25 globe globe NN 31627 2036 26 , , , 31627 2036 27 which which WDT 31627 2036 28 might may MD 31627 2036 29 be be VB 31627 2036 30 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 31627 2036 31 on on IN 31627 2036 32 mathematical mathematical JJ 31627 2036 33 principles principle NNS 31627 2036 34 , , , 31627 2036 35 has have VBZ 31627 2036 36 been be VBN 31627 2036 37 actually actually RB 31627 2036 38 determined determine VBN 31627 2036 39 by by IN 31627 2036 40 experiments experiment NNS 31627 2036 41 carried carry VBN 31627 2036 42 on on RP 31627 2036 43 over over RB 31627 2036 44 so so RB 31627 2036 45 great great JJ 31627 2036 46 an an DT 31627 2036 47 area area NN 31627 2036 48 . . . 31627 2037 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2037 2 2 2 LS 31627 2037 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2037 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2037 5 Sound Sound NNP 31627 2037 6 Waves._--If Waves._--If NNP 31627 2037 7 the the DT 31627 2037 8 sound sound NN 31627 2037 9 - - HYPH 31627 2037 10 waves wave NNS 31627 2037 11 produced produce VBN 31627 2037 12 at at IN 31627 2037 13 the the DT 31627 2037 14 time time NN 31627 2037 15 of of IN 31627 2037 16 maximum maximum JJ 31627 2037 17 eruption eruption NN 31627 2037 18 were be VBD 31627 2037 19 not not RB 31627 2037 20 quite quite RB 31627 2037 21 as as RB 31627 2037 22 far far RB 31627 2037 23 - - HYPH 31627 2037 24 reaching reach VBG 31627 2037 25 as as IN 31627 2037 26 those those DT 31627 2037 27 of of IN 31627 2037 28 the the DT 31627 2037 29 air air NN 31627 2037 30 , , , 31627 2037 31 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2037 32 were be VBD 31627 2037 33 certainly certainly RB 31627 2037 34 sufficiently sufficiently RB 31627 2037 35 surprising surprising JJ 31627 2037 36 to to TO 31627 2037 37 be be VB 31627 2037 38 almost almost RB 31627 2037 39 incredible incredible JJ 31627 2037 40 , , , 31627 2037 41 were be VBD 31627 2037 42 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2037 43 not not RB 31627 2037 44 that that IN 31627 2037 45 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2037 46 rest rest VBP 31627 2037 47 , , , 31627 2037 48 both both CC 31627 2037 49 as as IN 31627 2037 50 regards regard VBZ 31627 2037 51 time time NN 31627 2037 52 and and CC 31627 2037 53 character character NN 31627 2037 54 , , , 31627 2037 55 upon upon IN 31627 2037 56 incontestible incontestible JJ 31627 2037 57 authority authority NN 31627 2037 58 . . . 31627 2038 1 The the DT 31627 2038 2 sound sound NN 31627 2038 3 of of IN 31627 2038 4 the the DT 31627 2038 5 eruption eruption NN 31627 2038 6 , , , 31627 2038 7 resembling resemble VBG 31627 2038 8 that that DT 31627 2038 9 of of IN 31627 2038 10 the the DT 31627 2038 11 discharge discharge NN 31627 2038 12 of of IN 31627 2038 13 artillery artillery NN 31627 2038 14 , , , 31627 2038 15 was be VBD 31627 2038 16 heard hear VBN 31627 2038 17 not not RB 31627 2038 18 only only RB 31627 2038 19 over over IN 31627 2038 20 nearly nearly RB 31627 2038 21 all all DT 31627 2038 22 parts part NNS 31627 2038 23 of of IN 31627 2038 24 Sumatra Sumatra NNP 31627 2038 25 , , , 31627 2038 26 Java Java NNP 31627 2038 27 , , , 31627 2038 28 and and CC 31627 2038 29 the the DT 31627 2038 30 coast coast NN 31627 2038 31 of of IN 31627 2038 32 Borneo Borneo NNP 31627 2038 33 opposite opposite IN 31627 2038 34 the the DT 31627 2038 35 Straits Straits NNPS 31627 2038 36 of of IN 31627 2038 37 Sunda Sunda NNP 31627 2038 38 , , , 31627 2038 39 but but CC 31627 2038 40 at at IN 31627 2038 41 places place NNS 31627 2038 42 over over IN 31627 2038 43 two two CD 31627 2038 44 thousand thousand CD 31627 2038 45 miles mile NNS 31627 2038 46 distant distant JJ 31627 2038 47 from from IN 31627 2038 48 the the DT 31627 2038 49 scene scene NN 31627 2038 50 of of IN 31627 2038 51 the the DT 31627 2038 52 explosions explosion NNS 31627 2038 53 . . . 31627 2039 1 Detailed detailed JJ 31627 2039 2 accounts account NNS 31627 2039 3 , , , 31627 2039 4 collected collect VBN 31627 2039 5 with with IN 31627 2039 6 great great JJ 31627 2039 7 care care NN 31627 2039 8 , , , 31627 2039 9 are be VBP 31627 2039 10 given give VBN 31627 2039 11 in in IN 31627 2039 12 the the DT 31627 2039 13 Report Report NNP 31627 2039 14 of of IN 31627 2039 15 the the DT 31627 2039 16 Royal Royal NNP 31627 2039 17 Society Society NNP 31627 2039 18 , , , 31627 2039 19 from from IN 31627 2039 20 which which WDT 31627 2039 21 the the DT 31627 2039 22 following follow VBG 31627 2039 23 are be VBP 31627 2039 24 selected select VBN 31627 2039 25 as as IN 31627 2039 26 examples:-- examples:-- NNP 31627 2039 27 1 1 CD 31627 2039 28 . . . 31627 2040 1 At at IN 31627 2040 2 the the DT 31627 2040 3 port port NN 31627 2040 4 of of IN 31627 2040 5 Acheen Acheen NNP 31627 2040 6 , , , 31627 2040 7 at at IN 31627 2040 8 the the DT 31627 2040 9 northern northern JJ 31627 2040 10 extremity extremity NN 31627 2040 11 of of IN 31627 2040 12 Sumatra Sumatra NNP 31627 2040 13 , , , 31627 2040 14 distant distant VB 31627 2040 15 1,073 1,073 CD 31627 2040 16 miles mile NNS 31627 2040 17 , , , 31627 2040 18 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2040 19 was be VBD 31627 2040 20 supposed suppose VBN 31627 2040 21 that that IN 31627 2040 22 the the DT 31627 2040 23 port port NN 31627 2040 24 was be VBD 31627 2040 25 being be VBG 31627 2040 26 attacked attack VBN 31627 2040 27 , , , 31627 2040 28 and and CC 31627 2040 29 the the DT 31627 2040 30 troops troop NNS 31627 2040 31 were be VBD 31627 2040 32 put put VBN 31627 2040 33 under under IN 31627 2040 34 arms arm NNS 31627 2040 35 . . . 31627 2041 1 2 2 LS 31627 2041 2 . . . 31627 2042 1 At at IN 31627 2042 2 Singapore Singapore NNP 31627 2042 3 , , , 31627 2042 4 distant distant JJ 31627 2042 5 522 522 CD 31627 2042 6 miles mile NNS 31627 2042 7 , , , 31627 2042 8 two two CD 31627 2042 9 steamers steamer NNS 31627 2042 10 were be VBD 31627 2042 11 dispatched dispatch VBN 31627 2042 12 to to TO 31627 2042 13 look look VB 31627 2042 14 out out RP 31627 2042 15 for for IN 31627 2042 16 the the DT 31627 2042 17 vessel vessel NN 31627 2042 18 which which WDT 31627 2042 19 was be VBD 31627 2042 20 supposed suppose VBN 31627 2042 21 to to TO 31627 2042 22 be be VB 31627 2042 23 firing fire VBG 31627 2042 24 guns gun NNS 31627 2042 25 as as IN 31627 2042 26 signals signal NNS 31627 2042 27 of of IN 31627 2042 28 distress distress NN 31627 2042 29 . . . 31627 2043 1 3 3 LS 31627 2043 2 . . . 31627 2044 1 At at IN 31627 2044 2 Bankok Bankok NNP 31627 2044 3 , , , 31627 2044 4 in in IN 31627 2044 5 Siam Siam NNP 31627 2044 6 , , , 31627 2044 7 distant distant VB 31627 2044 8 1,413 1,413 CD 31627 2044 9 miles mile NNS 31627 2044 10 , , , 31627 2044 11 the the DT 31627 2044 12 report report NN 31627 2044 13 was be VBD 31627 2044 14 heard hear VBN 31627 2044 15 on on IN 31627 2044 16 the the DT 31627 2044 17 27th 27th NN 31627 2044 18 ; ; : 31627 2044 19 as as RB 31627 2044 20 also also RB 31627 2044 21 at at IN 31627 2044 22 Labuan Labuan NNP 31627 2044 23 , , , 31627 2044 24 in in IN 31627 2044 25 Borneo Borneo NNP 31627 2044 26 , , , 31627 2044 27 distant distant VB 31627 2044 28 1,037 1,037 CD 31627 2044 29 miles mile NNS 31627 2044 30 . . . 31627 2045 1 4 4 LS 31627 2045 2 . . . 31627 2046 1 At at IN 31627 2046 2 places place NNS 31627 2046 3 in in IN 31627 2046 4 the the DT 31627 2046 5 Philippine Philippine NNP 31627 2046 6 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 2046 7 , , , 31627 2046 8 distant distant JJ 31627 2046 9 about about RB 31627 2046 10 1,450 1,450 CD 31627 2046 11 miles mile NNS 31627 2046 12 , , , 31627 2046 13 detonations detonation NNS 31627 2046 14 were be VBD 31627 2046 15 heard hear VBN 31627 2046 16 on on IN 31627 2046 17 the the DT 31627 2046 18 27th 27th NN 31627 2046 19 , , , 31627 2046 20 at at IN 31627 2046 21 the the DT 31627 2046 22 time time NN 31627 2046 23 of of IN 31627 2046 24 the the DT 31627 2046 25 eruption eruption NN 31627 2046 26 . . . 31627 2047 1 The the DT 31627 2047 2 above above JJ 31627 2047 3 places place NNS 31627 2047 4 lie lie VBP 31627 2047 5 northwards northward NNS 31627 2047 6 of of IN 31627 2047 7 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2047 8 . . . 31627 2048 1 In in IN 31627 2048 2 the the DT 31627 2048 3 opposite opposite JJ 31627 2048 4 direction direction NN 31627 2048 5 , , , 31627 2048 6 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2048 7 have have VBP 31627 2048 8 the the DT 31627 2048 9 following follow VBG 31627 2048 10 examples:-- examples:-- NNP 31627 2048 11 5 5 CD 31627 2048 12 . . . 31627 2049 1 At at IN 31627 2049 2 Perth Perth NNP 31627 2049 3 , , , 31627 2049 4 in in IN 31627 2049 5 Western Western NNP 31627 2049 6 Australia Australia NNP 31627 2049 7 , , , 31627 2049 8 distant distant VB 31627 2049 9 1,092 1,092 CD 31627 2049 10 miles mile NNS 31627 2049 11 , , , 31627 2049 12 sounds sound VBZ 31627 2049 13 as as IN 31627 2049 14 of of IN 31627 2049 15 guns gun NNS 31627 2049 16 firing fire VBG 31627 2049 17 at at IN 31627 2049 18 sea sea NN 31627 2049 19 were be VBD 31627 2049 20 heard hear VBN 31627 2049 21 ; ; : 31627 2049 22 and and CC 31627 2049 23 at at IN 31627 2049 24 the the DT 31627 2049 25 Victorian victorian JJ 31627 2049 26 Plains Plains NNPS 31627 2049 27 , , , 31627 2049 28 distant distant JJ 31627 2049 29 about about RB 31627 2049 30 1,700 1,700 CD 31627 2049 31 miles mile NNS 31627 2049 32 , , , 31627 2049 33 similar similar JJ 31627 2049 34 sounds sound NNS 31627 2049 35 were be VBD 31627 2049 36 heard hear VBN 31627 2049 37 . . . 31627 2050 1 6 6 CD 31627 2050 2 . . . 31627 2051 1 In in IN 31627 2051 2 South South NNP 31627 2051 3 Australia Australia NNP 31627 2051 4 , , , 31627 2051 5 at at IN 31627 2051 6 Alice Alice NNP 31627 2051 7 's 's POS 31627 2051 8 Springs Springs NNP 31627 2051 9 , , , 31627 2051 10 Undoolga Undoolga NNP 31627 2051 11 , , , 31627 2051 12 and and CC 31627 2051 13 other other JJ 31627 2051 14 places place NNS 31627 2051 15 at at IN 31627 2051 16 distances distance NNS 31627 2051 17 of of IN 31627 2051 18 over over IN 31627 2051 19 2,000 2,000 CD 31627 2051 20 miles mile NNS 31627 2051 21 , , , 31627 2051 22 the the DT 31627 2051 23 sounds sound NNS 31627 2051 24 of of IN 31627 2051 25 the the DT 31627 2051 26 eruption eruption NN 31627 2051 27 were be VBD 31627 2051 28 also also RB 31627 2051 29 heard hear VBN 31627 2051 30 . . . 31627 2052 1 7 7 LS 31627 2052 2 . . . 31627 2053 1 In in IN 31627 2053 2 a a DT 31627 2053 3 westerly westerly JJ 31627 2053 4 direction direction NN 31627 2053 5 at at IN 31627 2053 6 Dutch Dutch NNP 31627 2053 7 Bay Bay NNP 31627 2053 8 , , , 31627 2053 9 Ceylon Ceylon NNP 31627 2053 10 , , , 31627 2053 11 distant distant JJ 31627 2053 12 2,058 2,058 CD 31627 2053 13 miles mile NNS 31627 2053 14 , , , 31627 2053 15 the the DT 31627 2053 16 sounds sound NNS 31627 2053 17 were be VBD 31627 2053 18 heard hear VBN 31627 2053 19 between between IN 31627 2053 20 7 7 CD 31627 2053 21 a.m. a.m. NN 31627 2053 22 and and CC 31627 2053 23 10 10 CD 31627 2053 24 a.m. a.m. NN 31627 2053 25 on on IN 31627 2053 26 the the DT 31627 2053 27 morning morning NN 31627 2053 28 of of IN 31627 2053 29 the the DT 31627 2053 30 27th 27th NN 31627 2053 31 of of IN 31627 2053 32 August August NNP 31627 2053 33 . . . 31627 2054 1 8 8 LS 31627 2054 2 . . . 31627 2055 1 Lastly lastly RB 31627 2055 2 , , , 31627 2055 3 at at IN 31627 2055 4 the the DT 31627 2055 5 Chagos Chagos NNP 31627 2055 6 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 2055 7 , , , 31627 2055 8 distant distant VB 31627 2055 9 2,267 2,267 CD 31627 2055 10 miles mile NNS 31627 2055 11 , , , 31627 2055 12 the the DT 31627 2055 13 detonations detonation NNS 31627 2055 14 were be VBD 31627 2055 15 audible audible JJ 31627 2055 16 between between IN 31627 2055 17 10 10 CD 31627 2055 18 and and CC 31627 2055 19 11 11 CD 31627 2055 20 a.m. a.m. NN 31627 2055 21 of of IN 31627 2055 22 the the DT 31627 2055 23 same same JJ 31627 2055 24 day day NN 31627 2055 25 . . . 31627 2056 1 Some some DT 31627 2056 2 of of IN 31627 2056 3 the the DT 31627 2056 4 above above JJ 31627 2056 5 distances distance NNS 31627 2056 6 are be VBP 31627 2056 7 so so RB 31627 2056 8 great great JJ 31627 2056 9 that that IN 31627 2056 10 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2056 11 may may MD 31627 2056 12 fail fail VB 31627 2056 13 to to TO 31627 2056 14 realise realise VB 31627 2056 15 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2056 16 ; ; : 31627 2056 17 but but CC 31627 2056 18 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2056 19 will will MD 31627 2056 20 be be VB 31627 2056 21 more more RBR 31627 2056 22 easily easily RB 31627 2056 23 appreciated appreciate VBN 31627 2056 24 , , , 31627 2056 25 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 2056 26 , , , 31627 2056 27 if if IN 31627 2056 28 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2056 29 change change VBP 31627 2056 30 the the DT 31627 2056 31 localities locality NNS 31627 2056 32 to to IN 31627 2056 33 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2056 34 own own JJ 31627 2056 35 side side NN 31627 2056 36 of of IN 31627 2056 37 the the DT 31627 2056 38 globe globe NN 31627 2056 39 , , , 31627 2056 40 and and CC 31627 2056 41 take take VB 31627 2056 42 two two CD 31627 2056 43 or or CC 31627 2056 44 three three CD 31627 2056 45 cases case NNS 31627 2056 46 with with IN 31627 2056 47 similar similar JJ 31627 2056 48 distances distance NNS 31627 2056 49 . . . 31627 2057 1 Then then RB 31627 2057 2 , , , 31627 2057 3 if if IN 31627 2057 4 the the DT 31627 2057 5 eruption eruption NN 31627 2057 6 had have VBD 31627 2057 7 taken take VBN 31627 2057 8 place place NN 31627 2057 9 amongst amongst IN 31627 2057 10 the the DT 31627 2057 11 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2057 12 of of IN 31627 2057 13 the the DT 31627 2057 14 Canaries Canaries NNPS 31627 2057 15 , , , 31627 2057 16 the the DT 31627 2057 17 detonations detonation NNS 31627 2057 18 would would MD 31627 2057 19 have have VB 31627 2057 20 been be VBN 31627 2057 21 heard hear VBN 31627 2057 22 at at IN 31627 2057 23 Gibraltar Gibraltar NNP 31627 2057 24 , , , 31627 2057 25 at at IN 31627 2057 26 Lisbon Lisbon NNP 31627 2057 27 , , , 31627 2057 28 at at IN 31627 2057 29 Portsmouth Portsmouth NNP 31627 2057 30 , , , 31627 2057 31 Southampton Southampton NNP 31627 2057 32 , , , 31627 2057 33 Cork Cork NNP 31627 2057 34 , , , 31627 2057 35 and and CC 31627 2057 36 probably probably RB 31627 2057 37 at at IN 31627 2057 38 Dublin Dublin NNP 31627 2057 39 and and CC 31627 2057 40 Liverpool Liverpool NNP 31627 2057 41 ; ; : 31627 2057 42 or or CC 31627 2057 43 , , , 31627 2057 44 again again RB 31627 2057 45 , , , 31627 2057 46 supposing suppose VBG 31627 2057 47 the the DT 31627 2057 48 eruption eruption NN 31627 2057 49 had have VBD 31627 2057 50 taken take VBN 31627 2057 51 place place NN 31627 2057 52 on on IN 31627 2057 53 the the DT 31627 2057 54 coast coast NN 31627 2057 55 of of IN 31627 2057 56 Iceland Iceland NNP 31627 2057 57 , , , 31627 2057 58 the the DT 31627 2057 59 report report NN 31627 2057 60 would would MD 31627 2057 61 have have VB 31627 2057 62 been be VBN 31627 2057 63 heard hear VBN 31627 2057 64 all all RB 31627 2057 65 over over IN 31627 2057 66 the the DT 31627 2057 67 western western JJ 31627 2057 68 and and CC 31627 2057 69 northern northern JJ 31627 2057 70 coasts coast NNS 31627 2057 71 of of IN 31627 2057 72 the the DT 31627 2057 73 British British NNP 31627 2057 74 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 2057 75 , , , 31627 2057 76 as as RB 31627 2057 77 well well RB 31627 2057 78 as as IN 31627 2057 79 at at IN 31627 2057 80 Amsterdam Amsterdam NNP 31627 2057 81 and and CC 31627 2057 82 the the DT 31627 2057 83 Hague Hague NNP 31627 2057 84 . . . 31627 2058 1 The the DT 31627 2058 2 enormous enormous JJ 31627 2058 3 distance distance NN 31627 2058 4 to to TO 31627 2058 5 which which WDT 31627 2058 6 the the DT 31627 2058 7 sound sound NN 31627 2058 8 travelled travel VBD 31627 2058 9 in in IN 31627 2058 10 the the DT 31627 2058 11 case case NN 31627 2058 12 of of IN 31627 2058 13 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2058 14 was be VBD 31627 2058 15 greatly greatly RB 31627 2058 16 due due JJ 31627 2058 17 to to IN 31627 2058 18 the the DT 31627 2058 19 fact fact NN 31627 2058 20 that that IN 31627 2058 21 the the DT 31627 2058 22 explosions explosion NNS 31627 2058 23 took take VBD 31627 2058 24 place place NN 31627 2058 25 at at IN 31627 2058 26 the the DT 31627 2058 27 surface surface NN 31627 2058 28 of of IN 31627 2058 29 the the DT 31627 2058 30 sea sea NN 31627 2058 31 , , , 31627 2058 32 and and CC 31627 2058 33 the the DT 31627 2058 34 sound sound NN 31627 2058 35 was be VBD 31627 2058 36 carried carry VBN 31627 2058 37 along along IN 31627 2058 38 that that DT 31627 2058 39 surface surface NN 31627 2058 40 uninterruptedly uninterruptedly RB 31627 2058 41 to to IN 31627 2058 42 the the DT 31627 2058 43 localities locality NNS 31627 2058 44 recorded record VBN 31627 2058 45 ; ; : 31627 2058 46 a a DT 31627 2058 47 range range NN 31627 2058 48 of of IN 31627 2058 49 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2058 50 intervening intervene VBG 31627 2058 51 would would MD 31627 2058 52 have have VB 31627 2058 53 cut cut VBN 31627 2058 54 off off RP 31627 2058 55 the the DT 31627 2058 56 sound sound JJ 31627 2058 57 - - HYPH 31627 2058 58 wave wave NN 31627 2058 59 at at IN 31627 2058 60 a a DT 31627 2058 61 comparatively comparatively RB 31627 2058 62 short short JJ 31627 2058 63 distance distance NN 31627 2058 64 from from IN 31627 2058 65 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2058 66 source source NN 31627 2058 67 . . . 31627 2059 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2059 2 3 3 LS 31627 2059 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2059 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2059 5 Oceanic Oceanic NNP 31627 2059 6 Waves._--As waves._--as NN 31627 2059 7 may may MD 31627 2059 8 be be VB 31627 2059 9 supposed suppose VBN 31627 2059 10 , , , 31627 2059 11 the the DT 31627 2059 12 eruption eruption NN 31627 2059 13 gave give VBD 31627 2059 14 rise rise NN 31627 2059 15 to to IN 31627 2059 16 great great JJ 31627 2059 17 agitation agitation NN 31627 2059 18 of of IN 31627 2059 19 the the DT 31627 2059 20 ocean ocean NN 31627 2059 21 waters water NNS 31627 2059 22 with with IN 31627 2059 23 various various JJ 31627 2059 24 degrees degree NNS 31627 2059 25 of of IN 31627 2059 26 vertical vertical JJ 31627 2059 27 oscillation oscillation NN 31627 2059 28 ; ; : 31627 2059 29 but but CC 31627 2059 30 according accord VBG 31627 2059 31 to to IN 31627 2059 32 the the DT 31627 2059 33 conclusions conclusion NNS 31627 2059 34 of of IN 31627 2059 35 Captain Captain NNP 31627 2059 36 Wharton Wharton NNP 31627 2059 37 , , , 31627 2059 38 founded found VBD 31627 2059 39 on on IN 31627 2059 40 numerous numerous JJ 31627 2059 41 data datum NNS 31627 2059 42 , , , 31627 2059 43 the the DT 31627 2059 44 greatest great JJS 31627 2059 45 wave wave NN 31627 2059 46 seems seem VBZ 31627 2059 47 to to TO 31627 2059 48 have have VB 31627 2059 49 originated originate VBN 31627 2059 50 at at IN 31627 2059 51 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2059 52 about about RB 31627 2059 53 10 10 CD 31627 2059 54 a.m. a.m. NN 31627 2059 55 on on IN 31627 2059 56 the the DT 31627 2059 57 27th 27th NN 31627 2059 58 of of IN 31627 2059 59 August August NNP 31627 2059 60 , , , 31627 2059 61 rising rise VBG 31627 2059 62 on on IN 31627 2059 63 the the DT 31627 2059 64 coasts coast NNS 31627 2059 65 of of IN 31627 2059 66 the the DT 31627 2059 67 Straits Straits NNPS 31627 2059 68 of of IN 31627 2059 69 Sunda Sunda NNP 31627 2059 70 to to IN 31627 2059 71 a a DT 31627 2059 72 height height NN 31627 2059 73 of of IN 31627 2059 74 fifty fifty CD 31627 2059 75 feet foot NNS 31627 2059 76 above above IN 31627 2059 77 the the DT 31627 2059 78 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 2059 79 sea sea NN 31627 2059 80 - - HYPH 31627 2059 81 level level NN 31627 2059 82 . . . 31627 2060 1 This this DT 31627 2060 2 wave wave NN 31627 2060 3 appears appear VBZ 31627 2060 4 to to TO 31627 2060 5 have have VB 31627 2060 6 been be VBN 31627 2060 7 observed observe VBN 31627 2060 8 over over IN 31627 2060 9 at at RB 31627 2060 10 least least RBS 31627 2060 11 half half PDT 31627 2060 12 the the DT 31627 2060 13 globe globe NN 31627 2060 14 . . . 31627 2061 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2061 2 travelled travel VBD 31627 2061 3 westwards westwards RB 31627 2061 4 to to IN 31627 2061 5 the the DT 31627 2061 6 coast coast NN 31627 2061 7 of of IN 31627 2061 8 Hindostan Hindostan NNP 31627 2061 9 and and CC 31627 2061 10 Southern Southern NNP 31627 2061 11 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 2061 12 , , , 31627 2061 13 ultimately ultimately RB 31627 2061 14 reaching reach VBG 31627 2061 15 the the DT 31627 2061 16 coasts coast NNS 31627 2061 17 of of IN 31627 2061 18 France France NNP 31627 2061 19 and and CC 31627 2061 20 England England NNP 31627 2061 21 . . . 31627 2062 1 Eastwards eastward NNS 31627 2062 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2062 3 struck strike VBD 31627 2062 4 the the DT 31627 2062 5 coast coast NN 31627 2062 6 of of IN 31627 2062 7 Australia Australia NNP 31627 2062 8 , , , 31627 2062 9 New New NNP 31627 2062 10 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 2062 11 , , , 31627 2062 12 the the DT 31627 2062 13 Sandwich Sandwich NNP 31627 2062 14 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 2062 15 , , , 31627 2062 16 Alaska Alaska NNP 31627 2062 17 , , , 31627 2062 18 and and CC 31627 2062 19 the the DT 31627 2062 20 western western JJ 31627 2062 21 coast coast NN 31627 2062 22 of of IN 31627 2062 23 North North NNP 31627 2062 24 America America NNP 31627 2062 25 ; ; : 31627 2062 26 so so IN 31627 2062 27 that that IN 31627 2062 28 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2062 29 was be VBD 31627 2062 30 only only RB 31627 2062 31 the the DT 31627 2062 32 continent continent NN 31627 2062 33 of of IN 31627 2062 34 North North NNP 31627 2062 35 and and CC 31627 2062 36 South South NNP 31627 2062 37 America America NNP 31627 2062 38 which which WDT 31627 2062 39 formed form VBD 31627 2062 40 a a DT 31627 2062 41 barrier barrier NN 31627 2062 42 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2062 43 and and CC 31627 2062 44 that that IN 31627 2062 45 not not RB 31627 2062 46 absolute absolute JJ 31627 2062 47 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2062 48 to to IN 31627 2062 49 the the DT 31627 2062 50 circulation circulation NN 31627 2062 51 of of IN 31627 2062 52 this this DT 31627 2062 53 oceanic oceanic JJ 31627 2062 54 wave wave NN 31627 2062 55 all all RB 31627 2062 56 over over IN 31627 2062 57 the the DT 31627 2062 58 globe globe NN 31627 2062 59 . . . 31627 2063 1 The the DT 31627 2063 2 destruction destruction NN 31627 2063 3 to to IN 31627 2063 4 life life NN 31627 2063 5 and and CC 31627 2063 6 property property NN 31627 2063 7 caused cause VBN 31627 2063 8 by by IN 31627 2063 9 this this DT 31627 2063 10 wave wave NN 31627 2063 11 along along IN 31627 2063 12 the the DT 31627 2063 13 coasts coast NNS 31627 2063 14 of of IN 31627 2063 15 Sunda Sunda NNP 31627 2063 16 was be VBD 31627 2063 17 very very RB 31627 2063 18 great great JJ 31627 2063 19 . . . 31627 2064 1 Combined combine VBN 31627 2064 2 with with IN 31627 2064 3 the the DT 31627 2064 4 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2064 5 shocks shock NNS 31627 2064 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2064 7 which which WDT 31627 2064 8 , , , 31627 2064 9 however however RB 31627 2064 10 , , , 31627 2064 11 were be VBD 31627 2064 12 not not RB 31627 2064 13 very very RB 31627 2064 14 severe severe JJ 31627 2064 15 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2064 16 , , , 31627 2064 17 the the DT 31627 2064 18 tremendous tremendous JJ 31627 2064 19 storm storm NN 31627 2064 20 of of IN 31627 2064 21 wind wind NN 31627 2064 22 , , , 31627 2064 23 the the DT 31627 2064 24 fall fall NN 31627 2064 25 of of IN 31627 2064 26 ashes ashe NNS 31627 2064 27 and and CC 31627 2064 28 cinders cinder NNS 31627 2064 29 , , , 31627 2064 30 and and CC 31627 2064 31 the the DT 31627 2064 32 changes change NNS 31627 2064 33 in in IN 31627 2064 34 the the DT 31627 2064 35 sea sea NN 31627 2064 36 - - HYPH 31627 2064 37 bed bed NN 31627 2064 38 , , , 31627 2064 39 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2064 40 produced produce VBD 31627 2064 41 in in IN 31627 2064 42 the the DT 31627 2064 43 Straits Straits NNPS 31627 2064 44 of of IN 31627 2064 45 Sunda Sunda NNP 31627 2064 46 for for IN 31627 2064 47 some some DT 31627 2064 48 time time NN 31627 2064 49 after after IN 31627 2064 50 the the DT 31627 2064 51 eruption eruption NN 31627 2064 52 a a DT 31627 2064 53 disastrous disastrous JJ 31627 2064 54 transformation transformation NN 31627 2064 55 . . . 31627 2065 1 Lighthouses lighthouse NNS 31627 2065 2 had have VBD 31627 2065 3 been be VBN 31627 2065 4 swept sweep VBN 31627 2065 5 away away RB 31627 2065 6 ; ; : 31627 2065 7 all all PDT 31627 2065 8 the the DT 31627 2065 9 old old JJ 31627 2065 10 familiar familiar JJ 31627 2065 11 landmarks landmark NNS 31627 2065 12 on on IN 31627 2065 13 the the DT 31627 2065 14 shore shore NN 31627 2065 15 were be VBD 31627 2065 16 obscured obscure VBN 31627 2065 17 by by IN 31627 2065 18 a a DT 31627 2065 19 vast vast JJ 31627 2065 20 deposit deposit NN 31627 2065 21 of of IN 31627 2065 22 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2065 23 dust dust NN 31627 2065 24 ; ; : 31627 2065 25 the the DT 31627 2065 26 sea sea NN 31627 2065 27 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 2065 28 was be VBD 31627 2065 29 encumbered encumber VBN 31627 2065 30 with with IN 31627 2065 31 enormous enormous JJ 31627 2065 32 quantities quantity NNS 31627 2065 33 of of IN 31627 2065 34 floating float VBG 31627 2065 35 pumice pumice NN 31627 2065 36 , , , 31627 2065 37 in in IN 31627 2065 38 many many JJ 31627 2065 39 places place NNS 31627 2065 40 of of IN 31627 2065 41 such such JJ 31627 2065 42 thickness thickness NN 31627 2065 43 that that IN 31627 2065 44 no no DT 31627 2065 45 vessel vessel NN 31627 2065 46 could could MD 31627 2065 47 force force VB 31627 2065 48 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2065 49 way way NN 31627 2065 50 through through IN 31627 2065 51 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2065 52 ; ; : 31627 2065 53 and and CC 31627 2065 54 for for IN 31627 2065 55 months month NNS 31627 2065 56 after after IN 31627 2065 57 the the DT 31627 2065 58 eruption eruption NN 31627 2065 59 one one CD 31627 2065 60 of of IN 31627 2065 61 the the DT 31627 2065 62 principal principal JJ 31627 2065 63 channels channel NNS 31627 2065 64 was be VBD 31627 2065 65 greatly greatly RB 31627 2065 66 obstructed obstruct VBN 31627 2065 67 by by IN 31627 2065 68 two two CD 31627 2065 69 islands island NNS 31627 2065 70 which which WDT 31627 2065 71 had have VBD 31627 2065 72 arisen arise VBN 31627 2065 73 in in IN 31627 2065 74 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2065 75 midst midst NN 31627 2065 76 . . . 31627 2066 1 The the DT 31627 2066 2 Sebesi Sebesi NNP 31627 2066 3 channel channel NN 31627 2066 4 was be VBD 31627 2066 5 completely completely RB 31627 2066 6 blocked block VBN 31627 2066 7 by by IN 31627 2066 8 banks bank NNS 31627 2066 9 composed compose VBN 31627 2066 10 of of IN 31627 2066 11 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2066 12 materials material NNS 31627 2066 13 , , , 31627 2066 14 and and CC 31627 2066 15 two two CD 31627 2066 16 portions portion NNS 31627 2066 17 of of IN 31627 2066 18 these these DT 31627 2066 19 banks bank NNS 31627 2066 20 rose rise VBD 31627 2066 21 above above IN 31627 2066 22 the the DT 31627 2066 23 sea sea NN 31627 2066 24 as as IN 31627 2066 25 islands island NNS 31627 2066 26 , , , 31627 2066 27 which which WDT 31627 2066 28 received receive VBD 31627 2066 29 the the DT 31627 2066 30 name name NN 31627 2066 31 of of IN 31627 2066 32 " " `` 31627 2066 33 Steers Steers NNP 31627 2066 34 Island Island NNP 31627 2066 35 " " '' 31627 2066 36 and and CC 31627 2066 37 " " `` 31627 2066 38 Calmeyer Calmeyer NNP 31627 2066 39 Island Island NNP 31627 2066 40 " " '' 31627 2066 41 ; ; : 31627 2066 42 but but CC 31627 2066 43 these these DT 31627 2066 44 , , , 31627 2066 45 by by IN 31627 2066 46 the the DT 31627 2066 47 action action NN 31627 2066 48 of of IN 31627 2066 49 the the DT 31627 2066 50 waves wave NNS 31627 2066 51 , , , 31627 2066 52 have have VBP 31627 2066 53 since since IN 31627 2066 54 been be VBN 31627 2066 55 completely completely RB 31627 2066 56 swept sweep VBN 31627 2066 57 away away RB 31627 2066 58 , , , 31627 2066 59 and and CC 31627 2066 60 the the DT 31627 2066 61 materials material NNS 31627 2066 62 strewn strew VBN 31627 2066 63 over over IN 31627 2066 64 the the DT 31627 2066 65 bed bed NN 31627 2066 66 of of IN 31627 2066 67 the the DT 31627 2066 68 sea sea NN 31627 2066 69 . . . 31627 2067 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2067 2 9 9 CD 31627 2067 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2067 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2067 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2067 6 g. g. NNP 31627 2067 7 _ _ NNP 31627 2067 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2067 9 _ _ NNP 31627 2067 10 Atmospheric Atmospheric NNP 31627 2067 11 Effects._--But Effects._--But NNP 31627 2067 12 the the DT 31627 2067 13 face face NN 31627 2067 14 of of IN 31627 2067 15 nature nature NN 31627 2067 16 , , , 31627 2067 17 even even RB 31627 2067 18 in in IN 31627 2067 19 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2067 20 most most RBS 31627 2067 21 terrific terrific JJ 31627 2067 22 and and CC 31627 2067 23 repulsive repulsive JJ 31627 2067 24 aspect aspect NN 31627 2067 25 , , , 31627 2067 26 is be VBZ 31627 2067 27 seldom seldom RB 31627 2067 28 altogether altogether RB 31627 2067 29 unrelieved unrelieved JJ 31627 2067 30 by by IN 31627 2067 31 some some DT 31627 2067 32 traces trace NNS 31627 2067 33 of of IN 31627 2067 34 beauty beauty NN 31627 2067 35 . . . 31627 2068 1 In in IN 31627 2068 2 contrast contrast NN 31627 2068 3 to to IN 31627 2068 4 the the DT 31627 2068 5 fearful fearful JJ 31627 2068 6 and and CC 31627 2068 7 disastrous disastrous JJ 31627 2068 8 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2068 9 just just RB 31627 2068 10 described describe VBN 31627 2068 11 , , , 31627 2068 12 is be VBZ 31627 2068 13 to to TO 31627 2068 14 be be VB 31627 2068 15 placed place VBN 31627 2068 16 the the DT 31627 2068 17 splendour splendour NN 31627 2068 18 of of IN 31627 2068 19 the the DT 31627 2068 20 heavens heavens NNPS 31627 2068 21 , , , 31627 2068 22 witnessed witness VBD 31627 2068 23 all all RB 31627 2068 24 over over IN 31627 2068 25 the the DT 31627 2068 26 central central JJ 31627 2068 27 regions region NNS 31627 2068 28 of of IN 31627 2068 29 the the DT 31627 2068 30 globe globe NN 31627 2068 31 throughout throughout IN 31627 2068 32 a a DT 31627 2068 33 period period NN 31627 2068 34 of of IN 31627 2068 35 several several JJ 31627 2068 36 months month NNS 31627 2068 37 after after IN 31627 2068 38 the the DT 31627 2068 39 eruption eruption NN 31627 2068 40 of of IN 31627 2068 41 1883 1883 CD 31627 2068 42 , , , 31627 2068 43 which which WDT 31627 2068 44 has have VBZ 31627 2068 45 been be VBN 31627 2068 46 ably ably RB 31627 2068 47 treated treat VBN 31627 2068 48 by by IN 31627 2068 49 the the DT 31627 2068 50 Hon Hon NNP 31627 2068 51 . . . 31627 2069 1 Rollo Rollo NNP 31627 2069 2 Russell Russell NNP 31627 2069 3 and and CC 31627 2069 4 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 2069 5 C. C. NNP 31627 2069 6 D. D. NNP 31627 2069 7 Archibald Archibald NNP 31627 2069 8 , , , 31627 2069 9 in in IN 31627 2069 10 the the DT 31627 2069 11 Royal Royal NNP 31627 2069 12 Society Society NNP 31627 2069 13 's 's POS 31627 2069 14 Report Report NNP 31627 2069 15 . . . 31627 2070 1 When when WRB 31627 2070 2 the the DT 31627 2070 3 particles particle NNS 31627 2070 4 of of IN 31627 2070 5 lava lava NN 31627 2070 6 and and CC 31627 2070 7 ashes ashe NNS 31627 2070 8 mingled mingle VBN 31627 2070 9 with with IN 31627 2070 10 vapour vapour NN 31627 2070 11 were be VBD 31627 2070 12 projected project VBN 31627 2070 13 into into IN 31627 2070 14 the the DT 31627 2070 15 air air NN 31627 2070 16 with with IN 31627 2070 17 a a DT 31627 2070 18 velocity velocity NN 31627 2070 19 greater great JJR 31627 2070 20 than than IN 31627 2070 21 that that DT 31627 2070 22 of of IN 31627 2070 23 a a DT 31627 2070 24 ball ball NN 31627 2070 25 discharged discharge VBN 31627 2070 26 from from IN 31627 2070 27 the the DT 31627 2070 28 largest large JJS 31627 2070 29 Armstrong Armstrong NNP 31627 2070 30 gun gun NN 31627 2070 31 , , , 31627 2070 32 these these DT 31627 2070 33 materials material NNS 31627 2070 34 were be VBD 31627 2070 35 carried carry VBN 31627 2070 36 by by IN 31627 2070 37 the the DT 31627 2070 38 prevalent prevalent JJ 31627 2070 39 trade trade NN 31627 2070 40 - - HYPH 31627 2070 41 winds wind NNS 31627 2070 42 in in IN 31627 2070 43 a a DT 31627 2070 44 westerly westerly JJ 31627 2070 45 direction direction NN 31627 2070 46 , , , 31627 2070 47 and and CC 31627 2070 48 some some DT 31627 2070 49 of of IN 31627 2070 50 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2070 51 fell fall VBD 31627 2070 52 on on IN 31627 2070 53 the the DT 31627 2070 54 deck deck NN 31627 2070 55 of of IN 31627 2070 56 ships ship NNS 31627 2070 57 sailing sail VBG 31627 2070 58 in in IN 31627 2070 59 the the DT 31627 2070 60 Indian Indian NNP 31627 2070 61 Ocean Ocean NNP 31627 2070 62 as as RB 31627 2070 63 far far RB 31627 2070 64 as as IN 31627 2070 65 long long RB 31627 2070 66 . . . 31627 2071 1 80 80 CD 31627 2071 2 ° ° , 31627 2071 3 E. E. NNP 31627 2071 4 , , , 31627 2071 5 as as IN 31627 2071 6 in in IN 31627 2071 7 the the DT 31627 2071 8 case case NN 31627 2071 9 of of IN 31627 2071 10 the the DT 31627 2071 11 _ _ NNP 31627 2071 12 British British NNP 31627 2071 13 Empire_--on Empire_--on NNP 31627 2071 14 which which WDT 31627 2071 15 the the DT 31627 2071 16 particles particle NNS 31627 2071 17 fell fall VBD 31627 2071 18 on on IN 31627 2071 19 the the DT 31627 2071 20 29th 29th NN 31627 2071 21 of of IN 31627 2071 22 August August NNP 31627 2071 23 , , , 31627 2071 24 at at IN 31627 2071 25 a a DT 31627 2071 26 distance distance NN 31627 2071 27 of of IN 31627 2071 28 1,600 1,600 CD 31627 2071 29 miles mile NNS 31627 2071 30 from from IN 31627 2071 31 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2071 32 . . . 31627 2072 1 But but CC 31627 2072 2 far far RB 31627 2072 3 beyond beyond IN 31627 2072 4 this this DT 31627 2072 5 limit limit NN 31627 2072 6 , , , 31627 2072 7 the the DT 31627 2072 8 finer fine JJR 31627 2072 9 particles particle NNS 31627 2072 10 of of IN 31627 2072 11 dust dust NN 31627 2072 12 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2072 13 or or CC 31627 2072 14 rather rather RB 31627 2072 15 minute minute VB 31627 2072 16 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2072 17 of of IN 31627 2072 18 felspar felspar NNS 31627 2072 19 and and CC 31627 2072 20 other other JJ 31627 2072 21 minerals mineral NNS 31627 2072 22 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2072 23 , , , 31627 2072 24 mingled mingle VBN 31627 2072 25 with with IN 31627 2072 26 vapour vapour NN 31627 2072 27 of of IN 31627 2072 28 water water NN 31627 2072 29 , , , 31627 2072 30 were be VBD 31627 2072 31 carried carry VBN 31627 2072 32 by by IN 31627 2072 33 the the DT 31627 2072 34 higher high JJR 31627 2072 35 currents current NNS 31627 2072 36 of of IN 31627 2072 37 the the DT 31627 2072 38 air air NN 31627 2072 39 as as RB 31627 2072 40 far far RB 31627 2072 41 as as IN 31627 2072 42 the the DT 31627 2072 43 Seychelles Seychelles NNPS 31627 2072 44 and and CC 31627 2072 45 Africa,--not Africa,--not NNP 31627 2072 46 only only RB 31627 2072 47 the the DT 31627 2072 48 East East NNP 31627 2072 49 coast coast NN 31627 2072 50 , , , 31627 2072 51 but but CC 31627 2072 52 also also RB 31627 2072 53 the the DT 31627 2072 54 West West NNP 31627 2072 55 , , , 31627 2072 56 as as IN 31627 2072 57 Cape Cape NNP 31627 2072 58 Coast Coast NNP 31627 2072 59 Castle Castle NNP 31627 2072 60 on on IN 31627 2072 61 the the DT 31627 2072 62 Gold Gold NNP 31627 2072 63 Coast Coast NNP 31627 2072 64 ; ; : 31627 2072 65 to to IN 31627 2072 66 Paramaribo Paramaribo NNP 31627 2072 67 , , , 31627 2072 68 Trinidad Trinidad NNP 31627 2072 69 , , , 31627 2072 70 Panama Panama NNP 31627 2072 71 , , , 31627 2072 72 the the DT 31627 2072 73 Sandwich Sandwich NNP 31627 2072 74 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 2072 75 , , , 31627 2072 76 Ceylon Ceylon NNP 31627 2072 77 and and CC 31627 2072 78 British British NNP 31627 2072 79 India India NNP 31627 2072 80 , , , 31627 2072 81 at at IN 31627 2072 82 all all DT 31627 2072 83 of of IN 31627 2072 84 which which WDT 31627 2072 85 places place NNS 31627 2072 86 during during IN 31627 2072 87 the the DT 31627 2072 88 month month NN 31627 2072 89 of of IN 31627 2072 90 September September NNP 31627 2072 91 the the DT 31627 2072 92 sun sun NN 31627 2072 93 assumed assume VBD 31627 2072 94 tints tint NNS 31627 2072 95 of of IN 31627 2072 96 blue blue JJ 31627 2072 97 or or CC 31627 2072 98 green green JJ 31627 2072 99 , , , 31627 2072 100 as as IN 31627 2072 101 did do VBD 31627 2072 102 also also RB 31627 2072 103 the the DT 31627 2072 104 moon moon NN 31627 2072 105 just just RB 31627 2072 106 before before RB 31627 2072 107 and and CC 31627 2072 108 after after IN 31627 2072 109 the the DT 31627 2072 110 appearance appearance NN 31627 2072 111 of of IN 31627 2072 112 the the DT 31627 2072 113 stars;[10 stars;[10 NNP 31627 2072 114 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2072 115 and and CC 31627 2072 116 from from IN 31627 2072 117 the the DT 31627 2072 118 latter latter JJ 31627 2072 119 end end NN 31627 2072 120 of of IN 31627 2072 121 September September NNP 31627 2072 122 and and CC 31627 2072 123 for for IN 31627 2072 124 several several JJ 31627 2072 125 months month NNS 31627 2072 126 , , , 31627 2072 127 the the DT 31627 2072 128 sky sky NN 31627 2072 129 was be VBD 31627 2072 130 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2072 131 for for IN 31627 2072 132 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2072 133 magnificent magnificent JJ 31627 2072 134 coloration coloration NN 31627 2072 135 ; ; , 31627 2072 136 passing pass VBG 31627 2072 137 from from IN 31627 2072 138 crimson crimson NNP 31627 2072 139 through through IN 31627 2072 140 purple purple NN 31627 2072 141 to to TO 31627 2072 142 yellow yellow VB 31627 2072 143 , , , 31627 2072 144 and and CC 31627 2072 145 melting melt VBG 31627 2072 146 away away RB 31627 2072 147 in in IN 31627 2072 148 azure azure JJ 31627 2072 149 tints tint NNS 31627 2072 150 which which WDT 31627 2072 151 were be VBD 31627 2072 152 visible visible JJ 31627 2072 153 in in IN 31627 2072 154 Europe Europe NNP 31627 2072 155 and and CC 31627 2072 156 the the DT 31627 2072 157 British british JJ 31627 2072 158 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 2072 159 ; ; : 31627 2072 160 while while IN 31627 2072 161 a a DT 31627 2072 162 large large JJ 31627 2072 163 corona corona NN 31627 2072 164 was be VBD 31627 2072 165 observed observe VBN 31627 2072 166 round round IN 31627 2072 167 both both CC 31627 2072 168 the the DT 31627 2072 169 sun sun NN 31627 2072 170 and and CC 31627 2072 171 moon moon NN 31627 2072 172 . . . 31627 2073 1 These these DT 31627 2073 2 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 2073 3 sky sky NN 31627 2073 4 effects effect NNS 31627 2073 5 were be VBD 31627 2073 6 objects object NNS 31627 2073 7 of of IN 31627 2073 8 general general JJ 31627 2073 9 observation observation NN 31627 2073 10 throughout throughout IN 31627 2073 11 the the DT 31627 2073 12 latter latter JJ 31627 2073 13 part part NN 31627 2073 14 of of IN 31627 2073 15 the the DT 31627 2073 16 year year NN 31627 2073 17 1883 1883 CD 31627 2073 18 and and CC 31627 2073 19 commencement commencement NN 31627 2073 20 of of IN 31627 2073 21 the the DT 31627 2073 22 following following JJ 31627 2073 23 year year NN 31627 2073 24 . . . 31627 2074 1 The the DT 31627 2074 2 explanation explanation NN 31627 2074 3 of of IN 31627 2074 4 these these DT 31627 2074 5 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2074 6 may may MD 31627 2074 7 be be VB 31627 2074 8 briefly briefly RB 31627 2074 9 stated state VBN 31627 2074 10 . . . 31627 2075 1 The the DT 31627 2075 2 fine fine JJ 31627 2075 3 particles particle NNS 31627 2075 4 , , , 31627 2075 5 consisting consist VBG 31627 2075 6 for for IN 31627 2075 7 the the DT 31627 2075 8 most most JJS 31627 2075 9 part part NN 31627 2075 10 of of IN 31627 2075 11 translucent translucent JJ 31627 2075 12 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2075 13 , , , 31627 2075 14 or or CC 31627 2075 15 fragments fragment NNS 31627 2075 16 of of IN 31627 2075 17 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2075 18 , , , 31627 2075 19 formed form VBD 31627 2075 20 a a DT 31627 2075 21 canopy canopy NN 31627 2075 22 high high RB 31627 2075 23 up up RB 31627 2075 24 in in IN 31627 2075 25 the the DT 31627 2075 26 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 2075 27 , , , 31627 2075 28 being be VBG 31627 2075 29 gradually gradually RB 31627 2075 30 spread spread VBN 31627 2075 31 over over IN 31627 2075 32 both both DT 31627 2075 33 sides side NNS 31627 2075 34 of of IN 31627 2075 35 the the DT 31627 2075 36 equator equator NN 31627 2075 37 till till IN 31627 2075 38 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2075 39 formed form VBD 31627 2075 40 a a DT 31627 2075 41 broad broad JJ 31627 2075 42 belt belt NN 31627 2075 43 , , , 31627 2075 44 through through IN 31627 2075 45 which which WDT 31627 2075 46 the the DT 31627 2075 47 rays ray NNS 31627 2075 48 of of IN 31627 2075 49 the the DT 31627 2075 50 sun sun NN 31627 2075 51 and and CC 31627 2075 52 moon moon NN 31627 2075 53 were be VBD 31627 2075 54 refracted refract VBN 31627 2075 55 . . . 31627 2076 1 Towards towards IN 31627 2076 2 dawn dawn NN 31627 2076 3 and and CC 31627 2076 4 sunset sunset NN 31627 2076 5 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2076 6 were be VBD 31627 2076 7 refracted refract VBN 31627 2076 8 and and CC 31627 2076 9 reflected reflect VBN 31627 2076 10 from from IN 31627 2076 11 the the DT 31627 2076 12 facets facet NNS 31627 2076 13 of of IN 31627 2076 14 the the DT 31627 2076 15 crystal crystal NN 31627 2076 16 , , , 31627 2076 17 and and CC 31627 2076 18 thus thus RB 31627 2076 19 underwent undergo VBD 31627 2076 20 decomposition decomposition NN 31627 2076 21 into into IN 31627 2076 22 the the DT 31627 2076 23 prismatic prismatic JJ 31627 2076 24 colours colour NNS 31627 2076 25 ; ; : 31627 2076 26 as as IN 31627 2076 27 do do VBP 31627 2076 28 the the DT 31627 2076 29 rays ray NNS 31627 2076 30 of of IN 31627 2076 31 the the DT 31627 2076 32 sun sun NN 31627 2076 33 when when WRB 31627 2076 34 refracted refract VBN 31627 2076 35 and and CC 31627 2076 36 reflected reflect VBN 31627 2076 37 from from IN 31627 2076 38 the the DT 31627 2076 39 particles particle NNS 31627 2076 40 of of IN 31627 2076 41 moisture moisture NN 31627 2076 42 in in IN 31627 2076 43 a a DT 31627 2076 44 rain rain NN 31627 2076 45 - - HYPH 31627 2076 46 cloud cloud NN 31627 2076 47 . . . 31627 2077 1 The the DT 31627 2077 2 subject subject NN 31627 2077 3 is be VBZ 31627 2077 4 one one CD 31627 2077 5 which which WDT 31627 2077 6 can can MD 31627 2077 7 not not RB 31627 2077 8 be be VB 31627 2077 9 fully fully RB 31627 2077 10 dealt deal VBN 31627 2077 11 with with IN 31627 2077 12 here here RB 31627 2077 13 , , , 31627 2077 14 and and CC 31627 2077 15 is be VBZ 31627 2077 16 rather rather RB 31627 2077 17 outside outside IN 31627 2077 18 the the DT 31627 2077 19 scope scope NN 31627 2077 20 of of IN 31627 2077 21 this this DT 31627 2077 22 work work NN 31627 2077 23 . . . 31627 2078 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2078 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2078 3 h. h. NNP 31627 2078 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2078 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2078 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2078 7 Origin Origin NNP 31627 2078 8 of of IN 31627 2078 9 the the DT 31627 2078 10 Eruption._--The Eruption._--The NNP 31627 2078 11 ultimate ultimate JJ 31627 2078 12 cause cause NN 31627 2078 13 of of IN 31627 2078 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2078 15 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2078 16 is be VBZ 31627 2078 17 treated treat VBN 31627 2078 18 in in IN 31627 2078 19 a a DT 31627 2078 20 subsequent subsequent JJ 31627 2078 21 chapter chapter NN 31627 2078 22 , , , 31627 2078 23 nor nor CC 31627 2078 24 is be VBZ 31627 2078 25 that that DT 31627 2078 26 of of IN 31627 2078 27 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2078 28 essentially essentially RB 31627 2078 29 different different JJ 31627 2078 30 from from IN 31627 2078 31 others other NNS 31627 2078 32 . . . 31627 2079 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2079 2 was be VBD 31627 2079 3 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2079 4 , , , 31627 2079 5 however however RB 31627 2079 6 , , , 31627 2079 7 both both DT 31627 2079 8 for for IN 31627 2079 9 the the DT 31627 2079 10 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 2079 11 of of IN 31627 2079 12 the the DT 31627 2079 13 forces force NNS 31627 2079 14 evoked evoke VBN 31627 2079 15 and and CC 31627 2079 16 the the DT 31627 2079 17 stupendous stupendous JJ 31627 2079 18 scale scale NN 31627 2079 19 of of IN 31627 2079 20 the the DT 31627 2079 21 resulting result VBG 31627 2079 22 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2079 23 . . . 31627 2080 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2080 2 is be VBZ 31627 2080 3 evident evident JJ 31627 2080 4 that that IN 31627 2080 5 water water NN 31627 2080 6 played play VBD 31627 2080 7 an an DT 31627 2080 8 important important JJ 31627 2080 9 part part NN 31627 2080 10 in in IN 31627 2080 11 these these DT 31627 2080 12 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2080 13 , , , 31627 2080 14 though though IN 31627 2080 15 not not RB 31627 2080 16 as as IN 31627 2080 17 the the DT 31627 2080 18 prime prime NN 31627 2080 19 mover;--any mover;--any RB 31627 2080 20 more more JJR 31627 2080 21 than than IN 31627 2080 22 water water NN 31627 2080 23 in in IN 31627 2080 24 the the DT 31627 2080 25 boiler boiler NN 31627 2080 26 of of IN 31627 2080 27 a a DT 31627 2080 28 locomotive locomotive NN 31627 2080 29 is be VBZ 31627 2080 30 the the DT 31627 2080 31 prime prime JJ 31627 2080 32 mover mover NN 31627 2080 33 in in IN 31627 2080 34 the the DT 31627 2080 35 generation generation NN 31627 2080 36 of of IN 31627 2080 37 the the DT 31627 2080 38 steam steam NN 31627 2080 39 . . . 31627 2081 1 Without without IN 31627 2081 2 the the DT 31627 2081 3 fuel fuel NN 31627 2081 4 in in IN 31627 2081 5 the the DT 31627 2081 6 furnace furnace NN 31627 2081 7 the the DT 31627 2081 8 steam steam NN 31627 2081 9 would would MD 31627 2081 10 not not RB 31627 2081 11 be be VB 31627 2081 12 produced produce VBN 31627 2081 13 ; ; : 31627 2081 14 and and CC 31627 2081 15 the the DT 31627 2081 16 amount amount NN 31627 2081 17 of of IN 31627 2081 18 steam steam NN 31627 2081 19 generated generate VBN 31627 2081 20 will will MD 31627 2081 21 be be VB 31627 2081 22 proportional proportional JJ 31627 2081 23 to to IN 31627 2081 24 the the DT 31627 2081 25 quantity quantity NN 31627 2081 26 and and CC 31627 2081 27 heat heat NN 31627 2081 28 of of IN 31627 2081 29 the the DT 31627 2081 30 fuel fuel NN 31627 2081 31 in in IN 31627 2081 32 the the DT 31627 2081 33 furnace furnace NN 31627 2081 34 and and CC 31627 2081 35 the the DT 31627 2081 36 quantity quantity NN 31627 2081 37 of of IN 31627 2081 38 water water NN 31627 2081 39 in in IN 31627 2081 40 the the DT 31627 2081 41 boiler boiler NN 31627 2081 42 . . . 31627 2082 1 In in IN 31627 2082 2 the the DT 31627 2082 3 case case NN 31627 2082 4 of of IN 31627 2082 5 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2082 6 , , , 31627 2082 7 both both CC 31627 2082 8 these these DT 31627 2082 9 elements element NNS 31627 2082 10 were be VBD 31627 2082 11 enormous enormous JJ 31627 2082 12 and and CC 31627 2082 13 inexhaustible inexhaustible JJ 31627 2082 14 . . . 31627 2083 1 The the DT 31627 2083 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2083 3 chimney chimney NN 31627 2083 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2083 5 or or CC 31627 2083 6 system system NN 31627 2083 7 of of IN 31627 2083 8 chimneys chimney NNS 31627 2083 9 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2083 10 , , , 31627 2083 11 being be VBG 31627 2083 12 situated situate VBN 31627 2083 13 on on IN 31627 2083 14 an an DT 31627 2083 15 island island NN 31627 2083 16 , , , 31627 2083 17 was be VBD 31627 2083 18 readily readily RB 31627 2083 19 accessible accessible JJ 31627 2083 20 to to IN 31627 2083 21 the the DT 31627 2083 22 waters water NNS 31627 2083 23 of of IN 31627 2083 24 the the DT 31627 2083 25 ocean ocean NN 31627 2083 26 when when WRB 31627 2083 27 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2083 28 gave give VBD 31627 2083 29 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2083 30 access access NN 31627 2083 31 to to IN 31627 2083 32 the the DT 31627 2083 33 interior interior JJ 31627 2083 34 molten molten JJ 31627 2083 35 matter matter NN 31627 2083 36 . . . 31627 2084 1 That that IN 31627 2084 2 such such JJ 31627 2084 3 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2084 4 were be VBD 31627 2084 5 opened open VBN 31627 2084 6 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2084 7 may may MD 31627 2084 8 well well RB 31627 2084 9 believe believe VB 31627 2084 10 . . . 31627 2085 1 The the DT 31627 2085 2 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 2085 3 which which WDT 31627 2085 4 occurred occur VBD 31627 2085 5 at at IN 31627 2085 6 the the DT 31627 2085 7 beginning beginning NN 31627 2085 8 of of IN 31627 2085 9 May May NNP 31627 2085 10 , , , 31627 2085 11 and and CC 31627 2085 12 later later RB 31627 2085 13 on on RB 31627 2085 14 , , , 31627 2085 15 on on IN 31627 2085 16 the the DT 31627 2085 17 27th 27th NN 31627 2085 18 of of IN 31627 2085 19 that that DT 31627 2085 20 month month NN 31627 2085 21 , , , 31627 2085 22 may may MD 31627 2085 23 indicate indicate VB 31627 2085 24 movements movement NNS 31627 2085 25 of of IN 31627 2085 26 the the DT 31627 2085 27 crust crust NN 31627 2085 28 by by IN 31627 2085 29 which which WDT 31627 2085 30 water water NN 31627 2085 31 gained gain VBD 31627 2085 32 access access NN 31627 2085 33 . . . 31627 2086 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2086 2 appears appear VBZ 31627 2086 3 that that IN 31627 2086 4 in in IN 31627 2086 5 May May NNP 31627 2086 6 the the DT 31627 2086 7 only only JJ 31627 2086 8 crater crater NN 31627 2086 9 in in IN 31627 2086 10 a a DT 31627 2086 11 state state NN 31627 2086 12 of of IN 31627 2086 13 activity activity NN 31627 2086 14 was be VBD 31627 2086 15 that that DT 31627 2086 16 of of IN 31627 2086 17 Perboewatan Perboewatan NNP 31627 2086 18 ; ; : 31627 2086 19 in in IN 31627 2086 20 June June NNP 31627 2086 21 another another DT 31627 2086 22 crater crater NN 31627 2086 23 came come VBD 31627 2086 24 into into IN 31627 2086 25 action action NN 31627 2086 26 , , , 31627 2086 27 connected connect VBN 31627 2086 28 with with IN 31627 2086 29 Danan Danan NNP 31627 2086 30 in in IN 31627 2086 31 the the DT 31627 2086 32 centre centre NN 31627 2086 33 of of IN 31627 2086 34 the the DT 31627 2086 35 island island NN 31627 2086 36 , , , 31627 2086 37 and and CC 31627 2086 38 in in IN 31627 2086 39 August August NNP 31627 2086 40 a a DT 31627 2086 41 third third JJ 31627 2086 42 burst burst NN 31627 2086 43 forth forth RB 31627 2086 44 . . . 31627 2087 1 Thus thus RB 31627 2087 2 there there EX 31627 2087 3 was be VBD 31627 2087 4 progressive progressive JJ 31627 2087 5 activity activity NN 31627 2087 6 up up IN 31627 2087 7 to to IN 31627 2087 8 the the DT 31627 2087 9 commencement commencement NN 31627 2087 10 of of IN 31627 2087 11 the the DT 31627 2087 12 grand grand JJ 31627 2087 13 eruption eruption NN 31627 2087 14 of of IN 31627 2087 15 the the DT 31627 2087 16 26th 26th NN 31627 2087 17 of of IN 31627 2087 18 that that DT 31627 2087 19 month month NN 31627 2087 20 . . . 31627 2088 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2088 2 11 11 CD 31627 2088 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2088 4 During during IN 31627 2088 5 this this DT 31627 2088 6 last last JJ 31627 2088 7 paroxysmal paroxysmal JJ 31627 2088 8 stage stage NN 31627 2088 9 , , , 31627 2088 10 the the DT 31627 2088 11 centre centre NN 31627 2088 12 of of IN 31627 2088 13 the the DT 31627 2088 14 island island NN 31627 2088 15 gave give VBD 31627 2088 16 way way NN 31627 2088 17 and and CC 31627 2088 18 sunk sink VBN 31627 2088 19 down down RP 31627 2088 20 , , , 31627 2088 21 when when WRB 31627 2088 22 the the DT 31627 2088 23 waters water NNS 31627 2088 24 of of IN 31627 2088 25 the the DT 31627 2088 26 ocean ocean NN 31627 2088 27 gained gain VBD 31627 2088 28 free free JJ 31627 2088 29 access access NN 31627 2088 30 , , , 31627 2088 31 and and CC 31627 2088 32 meeting meet VBG 31627 2088 33 with with IN 31627 2088 34 the the DT 31627 2088 35 columns column NNS 31627 2088 36 of of IN 31627 2088 37 molten molten JJ 31627 2088 38 matter matter NN 31627 2088 39 rising rise VBG 31627 2088 40 from from IN 31627 2088 41 below below RB 31627 2088 42 originated originate VBN 31627 2088 43 the the DT 31627 2088 44 prodigious prodigious JJ 31627 2088 45 masses masse NNS 31627 2088 46 of of IN 31627 2088 47 steam steam NN 31627 2088 48 which which WDT 31627 2088 49 rose rise VBD 31627 2088 50 into into IN 31627 2088 51 the the DT 31627 2088 52 air air NN 31627 2088 53 . . . 31627 2089 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2089 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2089 3 i. i. NNP 31627 2089 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2089 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2089 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2089 7 Cause Cause NNP 31627 2089 8 of of IN 31627 2089 9 the the DT 31627 2089 10 Detonations._--The Detonations._--The NNP 31627 2089 11 detonations detonation NNS 31627 2089 12 which which WDT 31627 2089 13 accompanied accompany VBD 31627 2089 14 the the DT 31627 2089 15 last last JJ 31627 2089 16 great great JJ 31627 2089 17 eruption eruption NN 31627 2089 18 are be VBP 31627 2089 19 repeatedly repeatedly RB 31627 2089 20 referred refer VBN 31627 2089 21 to to IN 31627 2089 22 in in IN 31627 2089 23 all all PDT 31627 2089 24 the the DT 31627 2089 25 accounts account NNS 31627 2089 26 . . . 31627 2090 1 These these DT 31627 2090 2 may may MD 31627 2090 3 have have VB 31627 2090 4 been be VBN 31627 2090 5 due due JJ 31627 2090 6 , , , 31627 2090 7 not not RB 31627 2090 8 only only RB 31627 2090 9 to to IN 31627 2090 10 the the DT 31627 2090 11 sudden sudden JJ 31627 2090 12 explosions explosion NNS 31627 2090 13 of of IN 31627 2090 14 steam steam NN 31627 2090 15 directly directly RB 31627 2090 16 produced produce VBN 31627 2090 17 by by IN 31627 2090 18 the the DT 31627 2090 19 ocean ocean NN 31627 2090 20 water water NN 31627 2090 21 coming come VBG 31627 2090 22 in in IN 31627 2090 23 contact contact NN 31627 2090 24 with with IN 31627 2090 25 the the DT 31627 2090 26 molten molten JJ 31627 2090 27 lava lava NN 31627 2090 28 , , , 31627 2090 29 but but CC 31627 2090 30 by by IN 31627 2090 31 dissociation dissociation NN 31627 2090 32 of of IN 31627 2090 33 the the DT 31627 2090 34 vapour vapour NN 31627 2090 35 of of IN 31627 2090 36 water water NN 31627 2090 37 at at IN 31627 2090 38 the the DT 31627 2090 39 critical critical JJ 31627 2090 40 point point NN 31627 2090 41 of of IN 31627 2090 42 temperature temperature NN 31627 2090 43 into into IN 31627 2090 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2090 45 elements element NNS 31627 2090 46 of of IN 31627 2090 47 oxygen oxygen NN 31627 2090 48 and and CC 31627 2090 49 hydrogen hydrogen NN 31627 2090 50 ; ; : 31627 2090 51 the the DT 31627 2090 52 reunion reunion NN 31627 2090 53 of of IN 31627 2090 54 these these DT 31627 2090 55 elements element NNS 31627 2090 56 at at IN 31627 2090 57 the the DT 31627 2090 58 required require VBN 31627 2090 59 temperature temperature NN 31627 2090 60 would would MD 31627 2090 61 also also RB 31627 2090 62 result result VB 31627 2090 63 in in IN 31627 2090 64 explosions explosion NNS 31627 2090 65 . . . 31627 2091 1 The the DT 31627 2091 2 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2091 3 attending attend VBG 31627 2091 4 this this DT 31627 2091 5 great great JJ 31627 2091 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2091 7 eruption eruption NN 31627 2091 8 , , , 31627 2091 9 so so RB 31627 2091 10 carefully carefully RB 31627 2091 11 tabulated tabulated JJ 31627 2091 12 and and CC 31627 2091 13 critically critically RB 31627 2091 14 examined examine VBN 31627 2091 15 , , , 31627 2091 16 will will MD 31627 2091 17 henceforth henceforth RB 31627 2091 18 be be VB 31627 2091 19 referred refer VBN 31627 2091 20 to to IN 31627 2091 21 as as IN 31627 2091 22 constituting constitute VBG 31627 2091 23 an an DT 31627 2091 24 epoch epoch NN 31627 2091 25 in in IN 31627 2091 26 the the DT 31627 2091 27 history history NN 31627 2091 28 of of IN 31627 2091 29 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2091 30 action action NN 31627 2091 31 over over IN 31627 2091 32 the the DT 31627 2091 33 globe globe NN 31627 2091 34 , , , 31627 2091 35 and and CC 31627 2091 36 be be VB 31627 2091 37 of of IN 31627 2091 38 immense immense JJ 31627 2091 39 value value NN 31627 2091 40 for for IN 31627 2091 41 reference reference NN 31627 2091 42 and and CC 31627 2091 43 comparison comparison NN 31627 2091 44 . . . 31627 2092 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2092 2 1 1 LS 31627 2092 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2092 4 The the DT 31627 2092 5 eruption eruption NN 31627 2092 6 of of IN 31627 2092 7 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2092 8 has have VBZ 31627 2092 9 been be VBN 31627 2092 10 the the DT 31627 2092 11 subject subject NN 31627 2092 12 of of IN 31627 2092 13 an an DT 31627 2092 14 elaborate elaborate JJ 31627 2092 15 Report Report NNP 31627 2092 16 published publish VBN 31627 2092 17 by by IN 31627 2092 18 the the DT 31627 2092 19 Royal Royal NNP 31627 2092 20 Society Society NNP 31627 2092 21 , , , 31627 2092 22 and and CC 31627 2092 23 is be VBZ 31627 2092 24 also also RB 31627 2092 25 described describe VBN 31627 2092 26 in in IN 31627 2092 27 a a DT 31627 2092 28 work work NN 31627 2092 29 by by IN 31627 2092 30 Chevalier Chevalier NNP 31627 2092 31 R. R. NNP 31627 2092 32 D. D. NNP 31627 2092 33 M. M. NNP 31627 2092 34 Verbeek Verbeek NNP 31627 2092 35 , , , 31627 2092 36 Ingenieur Ingenieur NNP 31627 2092 37 en en NNP 31627 2092 38 Chef Chef NNP 31627 2092 39 des des NNP 31627 2092 40 Mines Mines NNP 31627 2092 41 , , , 31627 2092 42 and and CC 31627 2092 43 published publish VBN 31627 2092 44 by by IN 31627 2092 45 order order NN 31627 2092 46 of of IN 31627 2092 47 the the DT 31627 2092 48 Governor Governor NNP 31627 2092 49 - - HYPH 31627 2092 50 General General NNP 31627 2092 51 of of IN 31627 2092 52 the the DT 31627 2092 53 Netherland Netherland NNP 31627 2092 54 Indies Indies NNPS 31627 2092 55 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2092 56 1886 1886 CD 31627 2092 57 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2092 58 . . . 31627 2093 1 See see VB 31627 2093 2 also also RB 31627 2093 3 an an DT 31627 2093 4 Article article NN 31627 2093 5 by by IN 31627 2093 6 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2093 7 R. R. NNP 31627 2093 8 S. S. NNP 31627 2093 9 Ball Ball NNP 31627 2093 10 in in IN 31627 2093 11 the the DT 31627 2093 12 _ _ NNP 31627 2093 13 Contemporary Contemporary NNP 31627 2093 14 Review Review NNP 31627 2093 15 _ _ NNP 31627 2093 16 for for IN 31627 2093 17 November November NNP 31627 2093 18 , , , 31627 2093 19 1888 1888 CD 31627 2093 20 . . . 31627 2094 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2094 2 2 2 LS 31627 2094 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2094 4 Verbeek Verbeek NNP 31627 2094 5 , , , 31627 2094 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2094 7 loc loc NN 31627 2094 8 . . . 31627 2095 1 cit cit NNP 31627 2095 2 . . . 31627 2095 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2095 4 , , , 31627 2095 5 p. p. NN 31627 2095 6 4 4 CD 31627 2095 7 . . . 31627 2096 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2096 2 3 3 LS 31627 2096 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2096 4 The the DT 31627 2096 5 account account NN 31627 2096 6 of of IN 31627 2096 7 this this DT 31627 2096 8 eruption eruption NN 31627 2096 9 is be VBZ 31627 2096 10 a a DT 31627 2096 11 free free JJ 31627 2096 12 translation translation NN 31627 2096 13 from from IN 31627 2096 14 Verbeek Verbeek NNP 31627 2096 15 . . . 31627 2097 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2097 2 4 4 LS 31627 2097 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2097 4 Verbeek Verbeek NNP 31627 2097 5 , , , 31627 2097 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2097 7 loc loc NN 31627 2097 8 . . . 31627 2098 1 cit cit NNP 31627 2098 2 . . . 31627 2098 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2098 4 , , , 31627 2098 5 p. p. NN 31627 2098 6 160 160 CD 31627 2098 7 . . . 31627 2099 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2099 2 5 5 CD 31627 2099 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2099 4 Judd Judd NNP 31627 2099 5 , , , 31627 2099 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2099 7 Rep. Rep. NNP 31627 2100 1 R. R. NNP 31627 2100 2 S. S. NNP 31627 2100 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2100 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2100 5 6 6 CD 31627 2100 6 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2100 7 A a DT 31627 2100 8 fuller full JJR 31627 2100 9 account account NN 31627 2100 10 by by IN 31627 2100 11 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2100 12 Judd Judd NNP 31627 2100 13 will will MD 31627 2100 14 be be VB 31627 2100 15 found find VBN 31627 2100 16 in in IN 31627 2100 17 the the DT 31627 2100 18 _ _ NNP 31627 2100 19 Report Report NNP 31627 2100 20 of of IN 31627 2100 21 the the DT 31627 2100 22 Royal Royal NNP 31627 2100 23 Society Society NNP 31627 2100 24 _ _ NNP 31627 2100 25 , , , 31627 2100 26 p. p. NN 31627 2100 27 14 14 CD 31627 2100 28 . . . 31627 2101 1 Several several JJ 31627 2101 2 vessels vessel NNS 31627 2101 3 at at IN 31627 2101 4 anchor anchor NN 31627 2101 5 were be VBD 31627 2101 6 driven drive VBN 31627 2101 7 ashore ashore RB 31627 2101 8 on on IN 31627 2101 9 the the DT 31627 2101 10 straits strait NNS 31627 2101 11 owing owe VBG 31627 2101 12 to to IN 31627 2101 13 the the DT 31627 2101 14 strong strong JJ 31627 2101 15 wind wind NN 31627 2101 16 which which WDT 31627 2101 17 arose arise VBD 31627 2101 18 . . . 31627 2102 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2102 2 7 7 CD 31627 2102 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2102 4 Judd Judd NNP 31627 2102 5 , , , 31627 2102 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2102 7 Report Report NNP 31627 2102 8 _ _ NNP 31627 2102 9 , , , 31627 2102 10 p. p. NN 31627 2102 11 21 21 CD 31627 2102 12 . . . 31627 2103 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2103 2 8 8 CD 31627 2103 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2103 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2103 5 Report Report NNP 31627 2103 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2103 7 , , , 31627 2103 8 Part Part NNP 31627 2103 9 ii ii NNP 31627 2103 10 . . . 31627 2104 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2104 2 9 9 CD 31627 2104 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2104 4 In in IN 31627 2104 5 this this DT 31627 2104 6 eruption eruption NN 31627 2104 7 , , , 31627 2104 8 36,380 36,380 CD 31627 2104 9 human human JJ 31627 2104 10 beings being NNS 31627 2104 11 perished perish VBD 31627 2104 12 , , , 31627 2104 13 of of IN 31627 2104 14 whom whom WP 31627 2104 15 37 37 CD 31627 2104 16 were be VBD 31627 2104 17 Europeans Europeans NNPS 31627 2104 18 ; ; : 31627 2104 19 163 163 CD 31627 2104 20 villages village NNS 31627 2104 21 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2104 22 _ _ NNP 31627 2104 23 kampoengs kampoeng NNS 31627 2104 24 _ _ NNP 31627 2104 25 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2104 26 were be VBD 31627 2104 27 entirely entirely RB 31627 2104 28 , , , 31627 2104 29 and and CC 31627 2104 30 132 132 CD 31627 2104 31 partially partially RB 31627 2104 32 , , , 31627 2104 33 destroyed.--Verbeek destroyed.--verbeek CD 31627 2104 34 , , , 31627 2104 35 _ _ NNP 31627 2104 36 loc loc NNP 31627 2104 37 . . . 31627 2105 1 cit cit NNP 31627 2105 2 . . . 31627 2105 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2105 4 , , , 31627 2105 5 p. p. NN 31627 2105 6 79 79 CD 31627 2105 7 . . . 31627 2106 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2106 2 10 10 CD 31627 2106 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2106 4 Verbeek Verbeek NNP 31627 2106 5 , , , 31627 2106 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2106 7 loc loc NN 31627 2106 8 . . . 31627 2107 1 cit cit NNP 31627 2107 2 . . . 31627 2107 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2107 4 , , , 31627 2107 5 p. p. NN 31627 2107 6 144 144 CD 31627 2107 7 - - SYM 31627 2107 8 5 5 CD 31627 2107 9 . . . 31627 2108 1 The the DT 31627 2108 2 dust dust NN 31627 2108 3 put put VBD 31627 2108 4 a a DT 31627 2108 5 girdle girdle NN 31627 2108 6 round round IN 31627 2108 7 the the DT 31627 2108 8 earth earth NN 31627 2108 9 in in IN 31627 2108 10 thirteen thirteen CD 31627 2108 11 days day NNS 31627 2108 12 . . . 31627 2109 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2109 2 11 11 CD 31627 2109 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2109 4 Verbeek Verbeek NNP 31627 2109 5 , , , 31627 2109 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2109 7 loc loc NN 31627 2109 8 . . . 31627 2110 1 cit cit NNP 31627 2110 2 . . . 31627 2110 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2110 4 , , , 31627 2110 5 p. p. NN 31627 2110 6 30 30 CD 31627 2110 7 . . . 31627 2111 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 2111 2 II II NNP 31627 2111 3 . . . 31627 2112 1 EARTHQUAKES earthquake NNS 31627 2112 2 . . . 31627 2113 1 _ _ NNP 31627 2113 2 Connection Connection NNP 31627 2113 3 of of IN 31627 2113 4 Earthquakes Earthquakes NNP 31627 2113 5 with with IN 31627 2113 6 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 2113 7 Action._--The Action._--The NNP 31627 2113 8 connection connection NN 31627 2113 9 between between IN 31627 2113 10 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2113 11 shocks shock NNS 31627 2113 12 and and CC 31627 2113 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2113 14 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2113 15 is be VBZ 31627 2113 16 now now RB 31627 2113 17 so so RB 31627 2113 18 generally generally RB 31627 2113 19 recognised recognise VBN 31627 2113 20 that that IN 31627 2113 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2113 22 is be VBZ 31627 2113 23 unnecessary unnecessary JJ 31627 2113 24 to to TO 31627 2113 25 insist insist VB 31627 2113 26 upon upon IN 31627 2113 27 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2113 28 here here RB 31627 2113 29 . . . 31627 2114 1 All all DT 31627 2114 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2114 3 districts district NNS 31627 2114 4 over over IN 31627 2114 5 the the DT 31627 2114 6 globe globe NN 31627 2114 7 are be VBP 31627 2114 8 specially specially RB 31627 2114 9 liable liable JJ 31627 2114 10 to to IN 31627 2114 11 vibrations vibration NNS 31627 2114 12 of of IN 31627 2114 13 the the DT 31627 2114 14 crust crust NN 31627 2114 15 ; ; : 31627 2114 16 but but CC 31627 2114 17 at at IN 31627 2114 18 the the DT 31627 2114 19 same same JJ 31627 2114 20 time time NN 31627 2114 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2114 22 is be VBZ 31627 2114 23 to to TO 31627 2114 24 be be VB 31627 2114 25 recollected recollect VBN 31627 2114 26 that that IN 31627 2114 27 these these DT 31627 2114 28 movements movement NNS 31627 2114 29 visit visit VBP 31627 2114 30 countries country NNS 31627 2114 31 occasionally occasionally RB 31627 2114 32 from from IN 31627 2114 33 which which WDT 31627 2114 34 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2114 35 , , , 31627 2114 36 either either CC 31627 2114 37 recent recent JJ 31627 2114 38 or or CC 31627 2114 39 extinct extinct JJ 31627 2114 40 , , , 31627 2114 41 are be VBP 31627 2114 42 absent absent JJ 31627 2114 43 ; ; : 31627 2114 44 in in IN 31627 2114 45 which which WDT 31627 2114 46 cases case NNS 31627 2114 47 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2114 48 may may MD 31627 2114 49 consider consider VB 31627 2114 50 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2114 51 shocks shock NNS 31627 2114 52 to to TO 31627 2114 53 be be VB 31627 2114 54 abortive abortive JJ 31627 2114 55 attempts attempt NNS 31627 2114 56 to to TO 31627 2114 57 originate originate VB 31627 2114 58 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2114 59 action action NN 31627 2114 60 . . . 31627 2115 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2115 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2115 3 a. a. NN 31627 2115 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2115 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2115 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2115 7 Origin._--From origin._--from IN 31627 2115 8 the the DT 31627 2115 9 numerous numerous JJ 31627 2115 10 observations observation NNS 31627 2115 11 which which WDT 31627 2115 12 have have VBP 31627 2115 13 been be VBN 31627 2115 14 made make VBN 31627 2115 15 regarding regard VBG 31627 2115 16 the the DT 31627 2115 17 nature nature NN 31627 2115 18 of of IN 31627 2115 19 these these DT 31627 2115 20 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2115 21 by by IN 31627 2115 22 Hopkins Hopkins NNP 31627 2115 23 , , , 31627 2115 24 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 2115 25 , , , 31627 2115 26 and and CC 31627 2115 27 others other NNS 31627 2115 28 , , , 31627 2115 29 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2115 30 seems seem VBZ 31627 2115 31 clearly clearly RB 31627 2115 32 established establish VBN 31627 2115 33 that that IN 31627 2115 34 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 2115 35 have have VBP 31627 2115 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2115 37 origin origin NN 31627 2115 38 in in IN 31627 2115 39 some some DT 31627 2115 40 sudden sudden JJ 31627 2115 41 impact impact NN 31627 2115 42 of of IN 31627 2115 43 gas gas NN 31627 2115 44 , , , 31627 2115 45 steam steam NN 31627 2115 46 , , , 31627 2115 47 or or CC 31627 2115 48 molten molten JJ 31627 2115 49 matter matter NN 31627 2115 50 impelled impel VBN 31627 2115 51 by by IN 31627 2115 52 gas gas NN 31627 2115 53 or or CC 31627 2115 54 steam steam NN 31627 2115 55 under under IN 31627 2115 56 high high JJ 31627 2115 57 pressure pressure NN 31627 2115 58 , , , 31627 2115 59 beneath beneath IN 31627 2115 60 the the DT 31627 2115 61 solid solid JJ 31627 2115 62 crust crust NN 31627 2115 63 . . . 31627 2116 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2116 2 1 1 LS 31627 2116 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2116 4 How how WRB 31627 2116 5 such such JJ 31627 2116 6 impact impact NN 31627 2116 7 originates originate VBZ 31627 2116 8 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2116 9 need need VBP 31627 2116 10 not not RB 31627 2116 11 stop stop VB 31627 2116 12 to to TO 31627 2116 13 inquire inquire VB 31627 2116 14 , , , 31627 2116 15 as as IN 31627 2116 16 the the DT 31627 2116 17 cause cause NN 31627 2116 18 is be VBZ 31627 2116 19 closely closely RB 31627 2116 20 connected connected JJ 31627 2116 21 with with IN 31627 2116 22 that that DT 31627 2116 23 which which WDT 31627 2116 24 produces produce VBZ 31627 2116 25 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2116 26 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2116 27 . . . 31627 2117 1 The the DT 31627 2117 2 effect effect NN 31627 2117 3 , , , 31627 2117 4 however however RB 31627 2117 5 , , , 31627 2117 6 of of IN 31627 2117 7 such such JJ 31627 2117 8 impact impact NN 31627 2117 9 is be VBZ 31627 2117 10 to to TO 31627 2117 11 originate originate VB 31627 2117 12 a a DT 31627 2117 13 wave wave NN 31627 2117 14 of of IN 31627 2117 15 translation translation NN 31627 2117 16 through through IN 31627 2117 17 the the DT 31627 2117 18 crust crust NN 31627 2117 19 , , , 31627 2117 20 travelling travel VBG 31627 2117 21 outwards outward NNS 31627 2117 22 from from IN 31627 2117 23 the the DT 31627 2117 24 point point NN 31627 2117 25 , , , 31627 2117 26 or or CC 31627 2117 27 focus focus VB 31627 2117 28 , , , 31627 2117 29 on on IN 31627 2117 30 the the DT 31627 2117 31 surface surface NN 31627 2117 32 immediately immediately RB 31627 2117 33 over over IN 31627 2117 34 the the DT 31627 2117 35 point point NN 31627 2117 36 of of IN 31627 2117 37 impact impact NN 31627 2117 38 . . . 31627 2118 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2118 2 2 2 LS 31627 2118 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2118 4 These these DT 31627 2118 5 waves wave NNS 31627 2118 6 of of IN 31627 2118 7 translation translation NN 31627 2118 8 can can MD 31627 2118 9 in in IN 31627 2118 10 some some DT 31627 2118 11 cases case NNS 31627 2118 12 be be VB 31627 2118 13 laid lay VBN 31627 2118 14 down down RP 31627 2118 15 on on IN 31627 2118 16 a a DT 31627 2118 17 map map NN 31627 2118 18 , , , 31627 2118 19 and and CC 31627 2118 20 are be VBP 31627 2118 21 called call VBN 31627 2118 22 " " `` 31627 2118 23 isoseismal isoseismal JJ 31627 2118 24 curves curve NNS 31627 2118 25 , , , 31627 2118 26 " " `` 31627 2118 27 each each DT 31627 2118 28 curve curve NN 31627 2118 29 representing represent VBG 31627 2118 30 approximately approximately RB 31627 2118 31 an an DT 31627 2118 32 equal equal JJ 31627 2118 33 degree degree NN 31627 2118 34 of of IN 31627 2118 35 seismal seismal NN 31627 2118 36 intensity intensity NN 31627 2118 37 ; ; : 31627 2118 38 as as IN 31627 2118 39 shown show VBN 31627 2118 40 on on IN 31627 2118 41 the the DT 31627 2118 42 chart chart NN 31627 2118 43 of of IN 31627 2118 44 a a DT 31627 2118 45 part part NN 31627 2118 46 of of IN 31627 2118 47 North North NNP 31627 2118 48 America America NNP 31627 2118 49 affected affect VBN 31627 2118 50 by by IN 31627 2118 51 the the DT 31627 2118 52 great great JJ 31627 2118 53 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2118 54 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2118 55 . . . 31627 2119 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2119 2 Fig fig NN 31627 2119 3 . . . 31627 2120 1 37 37 CD 31627 2120 2 . . . 31627 2120 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2121 1 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 2121 2 Hopkins Hopkins NNP 31627 2121 3 has have VBZ 31627 2121 4 shown show VBN 31627 2121 5 that that IN 31627 2121 6 the the DT 31627 2121 7 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2121 8 - - HYPH 31627 2121 9 wave wave NN 31627 2121 10 , , , 31627 2121 11 when when WRB 31627 2121 12 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2121 13 passes pass VBZ 31627 2121 14 through through IN 31627 2121 15 rocks rock NNS 31627 2121 16 differing differ VBG 31627 2121 17 in in IN 31627 2121 18 density density NN 31627 2121 19 and and CC 31627 2121 20 elasticity elasticity NN 31627 2121 21 , , , 31627 2121 22 changes change NNS 31627 2121 23 in in IN 31627 2121 24 some some DT 31627 2121 25 degree degree NN 31627 2121 26 not not RB 31627 2121 27 only only RB 31627 2121 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2121 29 velocity velocity NN 31627 2121 30 , , , 31627 2121 31 but but CC 31627 2121 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2121 33 direction direction NN 31627 2121 34 ; ; : 31627 2121 35 being be VBG 31627 2121 36 both both DT 31627 2121 37 refracted refract VBN 31627 2121 38 and and CC 31627 2121 39 reflected reflect VBN 31627 2121 40 in in IN 31627 2121 41 a a DT 31627 2121 42 manner manner NN 31627 2121 43 analogous analogous JJ 31627 2121 44 to to IN 31627 2121 45 that that DT 31627 2121 46 of of IN 31627 2121 47 light light NN 31627 2121 48 when when WRB 31627 2121 49 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2121 50 passes pass VBZ 31627 2121 51 from from IN 31627 2121 52 one one CD 31627 2121 53 medium medium NN 31627 2121 54 to to IN 31627 2121 55 another another DT 31627 2121 56 of of IN 31627 2121 57 different different JJ 31627 2121 58 density density NN 31627 2121 59 . . . 31627 2122 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2122 2 3 3 LS 31627 2122 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2122 4 When when WRB 31627 2122 5 a a DT 31627 2122 6 shock shock NN 31627 2122 7 traverses traverse VBZ 31627 2122 8 the the DT 31627 2122 9 crust crust NN 31627 2122 10 through through IN 31627 2122 11 a a DT 31627 2122 12 thickness thickness NN 31627 2122 13 of of IN 31627 2122 14 several several JJ 31627 2122 15 miles mile NNS 31627 2122 16 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2122 17 will will MD 31627 2122 18 meet meet VB 31627 2122 19 with with IN 31627 2122 20 various various JJ 31627 2122 21 kinds kind NNS 31627 2122 22 of of IN 31627 2122 23 rock rock NN 31627 2122 24 as as RB 31627 2122 25 well well RB 31627 2122 26 as as IN 31627 2122 27 with with IN 31627 2122 28 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2122 29 and and CC 31627 2122 30 plications plication NNS 31627 2122 31 of of IN 31627 2122 32 the the DT 31627 2122 33 strata strata NN 31627 2122 34 , , , 31627 2122 35 owing owe VBG 31627 2122 36 to to IN 31627 2122 37 which which WDT 31627 2122 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2122 39 course course NN 31627 2122 40 will will MD 31627 2122 41 be be VB 31627 2122 42 more more RBR 31627 2122 43 or or CC 31627 2122 44 less less RBR 31627 2122 45 modified modify VBN 31627 2122 46 . . . 31627 2123 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2123 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2123 3 b. b. NNP 31627 2123 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2123 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2123 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2123 7 Formation Formation NNP 31627 2123 8 of of IN 31627 2123 9 Fissures._--During fissures._--dure VBG 31627 2123 10 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2123 11 movements movement NNS 31627 2123 12 , , , 31627 2123 13 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2123 14 may may MD 31627 2123 15 be be VB 31627 2123 16 formed form VBN 31627 2123 17 in in IN 31627 2123 18 the the DT 31627 2123 19 crust crust NN 31627 2123 20 , , , 31627 2123 21 and and CC 31627 2123 22 filled fill VBN 31627 2123 23 with with IN 31627 2123 24 gaseous gaseous JJ 31627 2123 25 or or CC 31627 2123 26 melted melted JJ 31627 2123 27 matter matter NN 31627 2123 28 which which WDT 31627 2123 29 may may MD 31627 2123 30 not not RB 31627 2123 31 in in IN 31627 2123 32 all all DT 31627 2123 33 cases case NNS 31627 2123 34 reach reach VBP 31627 2123 35 the the DT 31627 2123 36 surface surface NN 31627 2123 37 ; ; : 31627 2123 38 and and CC 31627 2123 39 , , , 31627 2123 40 on on IN 31627 2123 41 the the DT 31627 2123 42 principle principle NN 31627 2123 43 that that IN 31627 2123 44 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2123 45 are be VBP 31627 2123 46 safety safety NN 31627 2123 47 - - HYPH 31627 2123 48 valves valve NNS 31627 2123 49 for for IN 31627 2123 50 regions region NNS 31627 2123 51 beyond beyond IN 31627 2123 52 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2123 53 immediate immediate JJ 31627 2123 54 influence influence NN 31627 2123 55 , , , 31627 2123 56 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2123 57 may may MD 31627 2123 58 infer infer VB 31627 2123 59 that that IN 31627 2123 60 the the DT 31627 2123 61 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2123 62 shock shock NN 31627 2123 63 , , , 31627 2123 64 which which WDT 31627 2123 65 generally generally RB 31627 2123 66 precedes precede VBZ 31627 2123 67 the the DT 31627 2123 68 outburst outburst NN 31627 2123 69 of of IN 31627 2123 70 a a DT 31627 2123 71 volcano volcano NN 31627 2123 72 long long RB 31627 2123 73 dormant dormant NN 31627 2123 74 , , , 31627 2123 75 finds find VBZ 31627 2123 76 relief relief NN 31627 2123 77 by by IN 31627 2123 78 the the DT 31627 2123 79 eruption eruption NN 31627 2123 80 which which WDT 31627 2123 81 follows follow VBZ 31627 2123 82 ; ; : 31627 2123 83 so so IN 31627 2123 84 that that IN 31627 2123 85 whatever whatever WDT 31627 2123 86 may may MD 31627 2123 87 be be VB 31627 2123 88 the the DT 31627 2123 89 extent extent NN 31627 2123 90 of of IN 31627 2123 91 the the DT 31627 2123 92 disastrous disastrous JJ 31627 2123 93 results result NNS 31627 2123 94 of of IN 31627 2123 95 such such PDT 31627 2123 96 an an DT 31627 2123 97 eruption eruption NN 31627 2123 98 , , , 31627 2123 99 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2123 100 would would MD 31627 2123 101 be be VB 31627 2123 102 still still RB 31627 2123 103 more more RBR 31627 2123 104 disastrous disastrous JJ 31627 2123 105 if if IN 31627 2123 106 there there EX 31627 2123 107 had have VBD 31627 2123 108 been be VBN 31627 2123 109 no no DT 31627 2123 110 such such JJ 31627 2123 111 safety safety NN 31627 2123 112 - - HYPH 31627 2123 113 valve valve NN 31627 2123 114 as as IN 31627 2123 115 that that DT 31627 2123 116 afforded afford VBN 31627 2123 117 by by IN 31627 2123 118 a a DT 31627 2123 119 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2123 120 vent vent NN 31627 2123 121 . . . 31627 2124 1 Thus thus RB 31627 2124 2 , , , 31627 2124 3 probably probably RB 31627 2124 4 , , , 31627 2124 5 owing owe VBG 31627 2124 6 to to IN 31627 2124 7 the the DT 31627 2124 8 extinction extinction NN 31627 2124 9 of of IN 31627 2124 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2124 11 activity activity NN 31627 2124 12 in in IN 31627 2124 13 Syria Syria NNP 31627 2124 14 , , , 31627 2124 15 the the DT 31627 2124 16 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 2124 17 in in IN 31627 2124 18 that that DT 31627 2124 19 region region NN 31627 2124 20 have have VBP 31627 2124 21 been be VBN 31627 2124 22 peculiarly peculiarly RB 31627 2124 23 destructive destructive JJ 31627 2124 24 . . . 31627 2125 1 For for IN 31627 2125 2 example example NN 31627 2125 3 , , , 31627 2125 4 on on IN 31627 2125 5 January January NNP 31627 2125 6 1 1 CD 31627 2125 7 , , , 31627 2125 8 1837 1837 CD 31627 2125 9 , , , 31627 2125 10 the the DT 31627 2125 11 town town NN 31627 2125 12 of of IN 31627 2125 13 Safed Safed NNP 31627 2125 14 west west NN 31627 2125 15 of of IN 31627 2125 16 the the DT 31627 2125 17 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 2125 18 valley valley NN 31627 2125 19 was be VBD 31627 2125 20 completely completely RB 31627 2125 21 destroyed destroy VBN 31627 2125 22 by by IN 31627 2125 23 an an DT 31627 2125 24 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2125 25 in in IN 31627 2125 26 which which WDT 31627 2125 27 most most JJS 31627 2125 28 of of IN 31627 2125 29 the the DT 31627 2125 30 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 2125 31 perished perish VBD 31627 2125 32 . . . 31627 2126 1 The the DT 31627 2126 2 great great JJ 31627 2126 3 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 2126 4 of of IN 31627 2126 5 Aleppo Aleppo NNP 31627 2126 6 in in IN 31627 2126 7 the the DT 31627 2126 8 present present JJ 31627 2126 9 century century NN 31627 2126 10 , , , 31627 2126 11 and and CC 31627 2126 12 of of IN 31627 2126 13 Syria Syria NNP 31627 2126 14 in in IN 31627 2126 15 the the DT 31627 2126 16 middle middle NN 31627 2126 17 of of IN 31627 2126 18 the the DT 31627 2126 19 eighteenth eighteenth NN 31627 2126 20 , , , 31627 2126 21 were be VBD 31627 2126 22 of of IN 31627 2126 23 exceptional exceptional JJ 31627 2126 24 severity severity NN 31627 2126 25 . . . 31627 2127 1 In in IN 31627 2127 2 that that DT 31627 2127 3 of of IN 31627 2127 4 Syria Syria NNP 31627 2127 5 , , , 31627 2127 6 which which WDT 31627 2127 7 took take VBD 31627 2127 8 place place NN 31627 2127 9 in in IN 31627 2127 10 1759 1759 CD 31627 2127 11 , , , 31627 2127 12 and and CC 31627 2127 13 which which WDT 31627 2127 14 was be VBD 31627 2127 15 protracted protract VBN 31627 2127 16 during during IN 31627 2127 17 a a DT 31627 2127 18 period period NN 31627 2127 19 of of IN 31627 2127 20 three three CD 31627 2127 21 months month NNS 31627 2127 22 , , , 31627 2127 23 an an DT 31627 2127 24 area area NN 31627 2127 25 of of IN 31627 2127 26 10,000 10,000 CD 31627 2127 27 square square JJ 31627 2127 28 leagues league NNS 31627 2127 29 was be VBD 31627 2127 30 affected affect VBN 31627 2127 31 . . . 31627 2128 1 Accon Accon NNP 31627 2128 2 , , , 31627 2128 3 Saphat Saphat NNP 31627 2128 4 , , , 31627 2128 5 Baalbeck Baalbeck NNP 31627 2128 6 , , , 31627 2128 7 Damascus Damascus NNP 31627 2128 8 , , , 31627 2128 9 Sidon Sidon NNP 31627 2128 10 , , , 31627 2128 11 Tripoli Tripoli NNP 31627 2128 12 , , , 31627 2128 13 and and CC 31627 2128 14 other other JJ 31627 2128 15 places place NNS 31627 2128 16 were be VBD 31627 2128 17 almost almost RB 31627 2128 18 entirely entirely RB 31627 2128 19 levelled level VBN 31627 2128 20 to to IN 31627 2128 21 the the DT 31627 2128 22 ground ground NN 31627 2128 23 ; ; : 31627 2128 24 many many JJ 31627 2128 25 thousands thousand NNS 31627 2128 26 of of IN 31627 2128 27 human human JJ 31627 2128 28 beings being NNS 31627 2128 29 lost lose VBD 31627 2128 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2128 31 lives life NNS 31627 2128 32 . . . 31627 2129 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2129 2 4 4 LS 31627 2129 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2129 4 Other other JJ 31627 2129 5 examples example NNS 31627 2129 6 might may MD 31627 2129 7 be be VB 31627 2129 8 cited cite VBN 31627 2129 9 . . . 31627 2130 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2130 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2130 3 c. c. NNP 31627 2130 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2130 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2130 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2130 7 Earthquake Earthquake NNP 31627 2130 8 Waves._--We waves._--we NN 31627 2130 9 have have VBP 31627 2130 10 now now RB 31627 2130 11 to to TO 31627 2130 12 return return VB 31627 2130 13 to to IN 31627 2130 14 the the DT 31627 2130 15 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2130 16 connected connect VBN 31627 2130 17 with with IN 31627 2130 18 the the DT 31627 2130 19 transmission transmission NN 31627 2130 20 of of IN 31627 2130 21 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2130 22 - - HYPH 31627 2130 23 waves wave NNS 31627 2130 24 . . . 31627 2131 1 The the DT 31627 2131 2 velocity velocity NN 31627 2131 3 of of IN 31627 2131 4 transmission transmission NN 31627 2131 5 through through IN 31627 2131 6 the the DT 31627 2131 7 earth earth NN 31627 2131 8 is be VBZ 31627 2131 9 very very RB 31627 2131 10 great great JJ 31627 2131 11 , , , 31627 2131 12 and and CC 31627 2131 13 several several JJ 31627 2131 14 attempts attempt NNS 31627 2131 15 have have VBP 31627 2131 16 been be VBN 31627 2131 17 made make VBN 31627 2131 18 to to TO 31627 2131 19 measure measure VB 31627 2131 20 this this DT 31627 2131 21 velocity velocity NN 31627 2131 22 with with IN 31627 2131 23 accuracy accuracy NN 31627 2131 24 . . . 31627 2132 1 The the DT 31627 2132 2 most most RBS 31627 2132 3 valuable valuable JJ 31627 2132 4 of of IN 31627 2132 5 such such JJ 31627 2132 6 attempts attempt NNS 31627 2132 7 are be VBP 31627 2132 8 those those DT 31627 2132 9 connected connect VBN 31627 2132 10 with with IN 31627 2132 11 the the DT 31627 2132 12 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2132 13 and and CC 31627 2132 14 Riviera Riviera NNP 31627 2132 15 shocks shock NNS 31627 2132 16 . . . 31627 2133 1 Fortunately fortunately RB 31627 2133 2 , , , 31627 2133 3 owing owe VBG 31627 2133 4 to to IN 31627 2133 5 the the DT 31627 2133 6 perfection perfection NN 31627 2133 7 of of IN 31627 2133 8 modern modern JJ 31627 2133 9 appliances appliance NNS 31627 2133 10 , , , 31627 2133 11 and and CC 31627 2133 12 the the DT 31627 2133 13 number number NN 31627 2133 14 of of IN 31627 2133 15 observers observer NNS 31627 2133 16 all all RB 31627 2133 17 over over IN 31627 2133 18 the the DT 31627 2133 19 globe globe NN 31627 2133 20 , , , 31627 2133 21 these these DT 31627 2133 22 results result NNS 31627 2133 23 are be VBP 31627 2133 24 entitled entitle VBN 31627 2133 25 to to IN 31627 2133 26 great great JJ 31627 2133 27 confidence confidence NN 31627 2133 28 . . . 31627 2134 1 The the DT 31627 2134 2 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2134 3 connected connect VBN 31627 2134 4 with with IN 31627 2134 5 the the DT 31627 2134 6 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2134 7 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2134 8 , , , 31627 2134 9 which which WDT 31627 2134 10 took take VBD 31627 2134 11 place place NN 31627 2134 12 on on IN 31627 2134 13 the the DT 31627 2134 14 31st 31st NN 31627 2134 15 of of IN 31627 2134 16 August August NNP 31627 2134 17 , , , 31627 2134 18 1886 1886 CD 31627 2134 19 , , , 31627 2134 20 are be VBP 31627 2134 21 described describe VBN 31627 2134 22 in in IN 31627 2134 23 great great JJ 31627 2134 24 detail detail NN 31627 2134 25 by by IN 31627 2134 26 Captain Captain NNP 31627 2134 27 Clarence Clarence NNP 31627 2134 28 E. E. NNP 31627 2134 29 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 2134 30 , , , 31627 2134 31 of of IN 31627 2134 32 the the DT 31627 2134 33 U.S. U.S. NNP 31627 2135 1 Ordnance Ordnance NNP 31627 2135 2 Corps Corps NNP 31627 2135 3 . . . 31627 2136 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2136 2 5 5 CD 31627 2136 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2136 4 The the DT 31627 2136 5 conclusions conclusion NNS 31627 2136 6 arrived arrive VBD 31627 2136 7 at at IN 31627 2136 8 are;--that are;--that NNP 31627 2136 9 as as IN 31627 2136 10 regards regard VBZ 31627 2136 11 the the DT 31627 2136 12 depth depth NN 31627 2136 13 of of IN 31627 2136 14 the the DT 31627 2136 15 focal focal JJ 31627 2136 16 point point NN 31627 2136 17 , , , 31627 2136 18 this this DT 31627 2136 19 is be VBZ 31627 2136 20 estimated estimate VBN 31627 2136 21 at at IN 31627 2136 22 twelve twelve CD 31627 2136 23 miles mile NNS 31627 2136 24 , , , 31627 2136 25 with with IN 31627 2136 26 a a DT 31627 2136 27 probable probable JJ 31627 2136 28 error error NN 31627 2136 29 of of IN 31627 2136 30 less less JJR 31627 2136 31 than than IN 31627 2136 32 two two CD 31627 2136 33 miles mile NNS 31627 2136 34 ; ; : 31627 2136 35 while while IN 31627 2136 36 , , , 31627 2136 37 as as IN 31627 2136 38 regards regard VBZ 31627 2136 39 the the DT 31627 2136 40 rate rate NN 31627 2136 41 of of IN 31627 2136 42 travel travel NN 31627 2136 43 of of IN 31627 2136 44 the the DT 31627 2136 45 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2136 46 - - HYPH 31627 2136 47 wave wave NN 31627 2136 48 , , , 31627 2136 49 the the DT 31627 2136 50 estimate estimate NN 31627 2136 51 is be VBZ 31627 2136 52 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2136 53 in in IN 31627 2136 54 one one CD 31627 2136 55 case case NN 31627 2136 56 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2136 57 about about RB 31627 2136 58 3.236 3.236 CD 31627 2136 59 miles mile NNS 31627 2136 60 per per IN 31627 2136 61 second second NN 31627 2136 62 ; ; : 31627 2136 63 and and CC 31627 2136 64 in in IN 31627 2136 65 another another DT 31627 2136 66 about about RB 31627 2136 67 3.226 3.226 CD 31627 2136 68 miles mile NNS 31627 2136 69 per per IN 31627 2136 70 second second NN 31627 2136 71 . . . 31627 2137 1 On on IN 31627 2137 2 the the DT 31627 2137 3 other other JJ 31627 2137 4 hand hand NN 31627 2137 5 , , , 31627 2137 6 in in IN 31627 2137 7 the the DT 31627 2137 8 case case NN 31627 2137 9 of of IN 31627 2137 10 the the DT 31627 2137 11 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2137 12 of of IN 31627 2137 13 the the DT 31627 2137 14 Riviera Riviera NNP 31627 2137 15 , , , 31627 2137 16 which which WDT 31627 2137 17 took take VBD 31627 2137 18 place place NN 31627 2137 19 on on IN 31627 2137 20 the the DT 31627 2137 21 23rd 23rd NN 31627 2137 22 of of IN 31627 2137 23 February February NNP 31627 2137 24 , , , 31627 2137 25 1887 1887 CD 31627 2137 26 , , , 31627 2137 27 at at IN 31627 2137 28 5.30 5.30 CD 31627 2137 29 a.m. a.m. RB 31627 2137 30 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2137 31 local local JJ 31627 2137 32 time time NN 31627 2137 33 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2137 34 , , , 31627 2137 35 the the DT 31627 2137 36 vibrations vibration NNS 31627 2137 37 of of IN 31627 2137 38 which which WDT 31627 2137 39 appear appear VBP 31627 2137 40 to to TO 31627 2137 41 have have VB 31627 2137 42 extended extend VBN 31627 2137 43 across across IN 31627 2137 44 the the DT 31627 2137 45 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 2137 46 , , , 31627 2137 47 and and CC 31627 2137 48 to to TO 31627 2137 49 have have VB 31627 2137 50 sensibly sensibly RB 31627 2137 51 affected affect VBN 31627 2137 52 the the DT 31627 2137 53 seismograph seismograph NN 31627 2137 54 in in IN 31627 2137 55 the the DT 31627 2137 56 Government Government NNP 31627 2137 57 Signal Signal NNP 31627 2137 58 Office Office NNP 31627 2137 59 at at IN 31627 2137 60 Washington Washington NNP 31627 2137 61 , , , 31627 2137 62 the the DT 31627 2137 63 rate rate NN 31627 2137 64 of of IN 31627 2137 65 travel travel NN 31627 2137 66 was be VBD 31627 2137 67 calculated calculate VBN 31627 2137 68 at at IN 31627 2137 69 about about RB 31627 2137 70 500 500 CD 31627 2137 71 miles mile NNS 31627 2137 72 per per IN 31627 2137 73 hour hour NN 31627 2137 74 , , , 31627 2137 75 less less JJR 31627 2137 76 than than IN 31627 2137 77 one one CD 31627 2137 78 - - HYPH 31627 2137 79 half half NN 31627 2137 80 that that WDT 31627 2137 81 determined determine VBD 31627 2137 82 in in IN 31627 2137 83 the the DT 31627 2137 84 case case NN 31627 2137 85 of of IN 31627 2137 86 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2137 87 ; ; : 31627 2137 88 but but CC 31627 2137 89 Captain Captain NNP 31627 2137 90 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 2137 91 claims claim VBZ 31627 2137 92 , , , 31627 2137 93 and and CC 31627 2137 94 probably probably RB 31627 2137 95 with with IN 31627 2137 96 justice justice NN 31627 2137 97 , , , 31627 2137 98 that that IN 31627 2137 99 the the DT 31627 2137 100 results result NNS 31627 2137 101 obtained obtain VBN 31627 2137 102 in in IN 31627 2137 103 the the DT 31627 2137 104 latter latter JJ 31627 2137 105 case case NN 31627 2137 106 are be VBP 31627 2137 107 far far RB 31627 2137 108 more more RBR 31627 2137 109 reliable reliable JJ 31627 2137 110 than than IN 31627 2137 111 any any DT 31627 2137 112 hitherto hitherto NN 31627 2137 113 arrived arrive VBD 31627 2137 114 at at IN 31627 2137 115 . . . 31627 2138 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2138 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2138 3 d. d. NNP 31627 2138 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2138 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2138 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2138 7 Oceanic Oceanic NNP 31627 2138 8 Waves._--When Waves._--When VBZ 31627 2138 9 the the DT 31627 2138 10 originating originate VBG 31627 2138 11 impact impact NN 31627 2138 12 takes take VBZ 31627 2138 13 place place NN 31627 2138 14 under under IN 31627 2138 15 the the DT 31627 2138 16 bed bed NN 31627 2138 17 of of IN 31627 2138 18 the the DT 31627 2138 19 ocean ocean NN 31627 2138 20 -- -- : 31627 2138 21 either either CC 31627 2138 22 by by IN 31627 2138 23 a a DT 31627 2138 24 sudden sudden JJ 31627 2138 25 up up NN 31627 2138 26 - - HYPH 31627 2138 27 thrust thrust NN 31627 2138 28 of of IN 31627 2138 29 the the DT 31627 2138 30 crust crust NN 31627 2138 31 to to IN 31627 2138 32 the the DT 31627 2138 33 extent extent NN 31627 2138 34 , , , 31627 2138 35 let let VB 31627 2138 36 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2138 37 suppose suppose VB 31627 2138 38 , , , 31627 2138 39 of of IN 31627 2138 40 two two CD 31627 2138 41 or or CC 31627 2138 42 three three CD 31627 2138 43 feet foot NNS 31627 2138 44 , , , 31627 2138 45 or or CC 31627 2138 46 by by IN 31627 2138 47 an an DT 31627 2138 48 explosion explosion NN 31627 2138 49 from from IN 31627 2138 50 a a DT 31627 2138 51 submarine submarine NN 31627 2138 52 volcano volcano NN 31627 2138 53 -- -- : 31627 2138 54 a a DT 31627 2138 55 double double JJ 31627 2138 56 wave wave NN 31627 2138 57 is be VBZ 31627 2138 58 formed form VBN 31627 2138 59 , , , 31627 2138 60 one one CD 31627 2138 61 travelling travel VBG 31627 2138 62 through through IN 31627 2138 63 the the DT 31627 2138 64 crust crust NN 31627 2138 65 , , , 31627 2138 66 the the DT 31627 2138 67 other other JJ 31627 2138 68 through through IN 31627 2138 69 the the DT 31627 2138 70 ocean ocean NN 31627 2138 71 ; ; : 31627 2138 72 and and CC 31627 2138 73 as as IN 31627 2138 74 the the DT 31627 2138 75 rate rate NN 31627 2138 76 of of IN 31627 2138 77 velocity velocity NN 31627 2138 78 of of IN 31627 2138 79 the the DT 31627 2138 80 former former JJ 31627 2138 81 is be VBZ 31627 2138 82 greatly greatly RB 31627 2138 83 in in IN 31627 2138 84 excess excess NN 31627 2138 85 of of IN 31627 2138 86 that that DT 31627 2138 87 of of IN 31627 2138 88 the the DT 31627 2138 89 latter latter JJ 31627 2138 90 , , , 31627 2138 91 the the DT 31627 2138 92 results result NNS 31627 2138 93 on on IN 31627 2138 94 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2138 95 reaching reach VBG 31627 2138 96 the the DT 31627 2138 97 land land NN 31627 2138 98 are be VBP 31627 2138 99 often often RB 31627 2138 100 disastrous disastrous JJ 31627 2138 101 in in IN 31627 2138 102 the the DT 31627 2138 103 extreme extreme NN 31627 2138 104 . . . 31627 2139 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2139 2 is be VBZ 31627 2139 3 the the DT 31627 2139 4 ocean ocean NN 31627 2139 5 - - HYPH 31627 2139 6 wave wave NN 31627 2139 7 , , , 31627 2139 8 however however RB 31627 2139 9 , , , 31627 2139 10 which which WDT 31627 2139 11 is be VBZ 31627 2139 12 the the DT 31627 2139 13 more more RBR 31627 2139 14 important important JJ 31627 2139 15 , , , 31627 2139 16 and and CC 31627 2139 17 calls call NNS 31627 2139 18 for for IN 31627 2139 19 special special JJ 31627 2139 20 consideration consideration NN 31627 2139 21 . . . 31627 2140 1 If if IN 31627 2140 2 the the DT 31627 2140 3 impact impact NN 31627 2140 4 takes take VBZ 31627 2140 5 place place NN 31627 2140 6 in in IN 31627 2140 7 very very RB 31627 2140 8 deep deep JJ 31627 2140 9 water water NN 31627 2140 10 , , , 31627 2140 11 the the DT 31627 2140 12 whole whole JJ 31627 2140 13 mass mass NN 31627 2140 14 of of IN 31627 2140 15 the the DT 31627 2140 16 water water NN 31627 2140 17 is be VBZ 31627 2140 18 raised raise VBN 31627 2140 19 in in IN 31627 2140 20 the the DT 31627 2140 21 form form NN 31627 2140 22 of of IN 31627 2140 23 a a DT 31627 2140 24 low low JJ 31627 2140 25 dome dome NN 31627 2140 26 , , , 31627 2140 27 sloping slope VBG 31627 2140 28 equally equally RB 31627 2140 29 away away RB 31627 2140 30 in in IN 31627 2140 31 all all DT 31627 2140 32 directions direction NNS 31627 2140 33 ; ; : 31627 2140 34 and and CC 31627 2140 35 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2140 36 commences commence VBZ 31627 2140 37 to to TO 31627 2140 38 travel travel VB 31627 2140 39 outwards outward NNS 31627 2140 40 as as IN 31627 2140 41 a a DT 31627 2140 42 wave wave NN 31627 2140 43 with with IN 31627 2140 44 an an DT 31627 2140 45 advancing advance VBG 31627 2140 46 crest crest NN 31627 2140 47 until until IN 31627 2140 48 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2140 49 approaches approach VBZ 31627 2140 50 the the DT 31627 2140 51 coast coast NN 31627 2140 52 and and CC 31627 2140 53 enters enter VBZ 31627 2140 54 shallow shallow JJ 31627 2140 55 water water NN 31627 2140 56 . . . 31627 2141 1 The the DT 31627 2141 2 wave wave NN 31627 2141 3 then then RB 31627 2141 4 increases increase VBZ 31627 2141 5 in in IN 31627 2141 6 height height NN 31627 2141 7 , , , 31627 2141 8 and and CC 31627 2141 9 the the DT 31627 2141 10 water water NN 31627 2141 11 in in IN 31627 2141 12 front front NN 31627 2141 13 is be VBZ 31627 2141 14 drawn draw VBN 31627 2141 15 in in RB 31627 2141 16 and and CC 31627 2141 17 relatively relatively RB 31627 2141 18 lowered lower VBD 31627 2141 19 ; ; : 31627 2141 20 so so IN 31627 2141 21 that that IN 31627 2141 22 on on IN 31627 2141 23 reaching reach VBG 31627 2141 24 a a DT 31627 2141 25 coast coast NN 31627 2141 26 with with IN 31627 2141 27 a a DT 31627 2141 28 shelving shelving NN 31627 2141 29 shore shore NN 31627 2141 30 the the DT 31627 2141 31 form form NN 31627 2141 32 of of IN 31627 2141 33 the the DT 31627 2141 34 surface surface NN 31627 2141 35 consists consist VBZ 31627 2141 36 of of IN 31627 2141 37 a a DT 31627 2141 38 trough trough NN 31627 2141 39 in in IN 31627 2141 40 front front NN 31627 2141 41 followed follow VBN 31627 2141 42 by by IN 31627 2141 43 an an DT 31627 2141 44 advancing advance VBG 31627 2141 45 crest crest NN 31627 2141 46 . . . 31627 2142 1 These these DT 31627 2142 2 effects effect NNS 31627 2142 3 may may MD 31627 2142 4 be be VB 31627 2142 5 observed observe VBN 31627 2142 6 on on IN 31627 2142 7 a a DT 31627 2142 8 small small JJ 31627 2142 9 scale scale NN 31627 2142 10 in in IN 31627 2142 11 the the DT 31627 2142 12 case case NN 31627 2142 13 of of IN 31627 2142 14 a a DT 31627 2142 15 steamship steamship NN 31627 2142 16 advancing advance VBG 31627 2142 17 up up IN 31627 2142 18 a a DT 31627 2142 19 river river NN 31627 2142 20 , , , 31627 2142 21 or or CC 31627 2142 22 into into IN 31627 2142 23 a a DT 31627 2142 24 harbour harbour NN 31627 2142 25 with with IN 31627 2142 26 a a DT 31627 2142 27 narrow narrow JJ 31627 2142 28 channel channel NN 31627 2142 29 , , , 31627 2142 30 but but CC 31627 2142 31 are be VBP 31627 2142 32 inappreciable inappreciable JJ 31627 2142 33 in in IN 31627 2142 34 deep deep JJ 31627 2142 35 water water NN 31627 2142 36 , , , 31627 2142 37 or or CC 31627 2142 38 along along IN 31627 2142 39 a a DT 31627 2142 40 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 2142 41 open open JJ 31627 2142 42 coast coast NN 31627 2142 43 . . . 31627 2143 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2143 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2143 3 e. e. NNP 31627 2143 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2143 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2143 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2143 7 The the DT 31627 2143 8 Earthquake Earthquake NNP 31627 2143 9 of of IN 31627 2143 10 Lisbon Lisbon NNP 31627 2143 11 , , , 31627 2143 12 1755._--The 1755._--the IN 31627 2143 13 disastrous disastrous JJ 31627 2143 14 results result NNS 31627 2143 15 of of IN 31627 2143 16 a a DT 31627 2143 17 submarine submarine NN 31627 2143 18 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2143 19 upon upon IN 31627 2143 20 the the DT 31627 2143 21 coast coast NN 31627 2143 22 have have VBP 31627 2143 23 never never RB 31627 2143 24 been be VBN 31627 2143 25 more more RBR 31627 2143 26 terribly terribly RB 31627 2143 27 illustrated illustrate VBN 31627 2143 28 than than IN 31627 2143 29 in in IN 31627 2143 30 the the DT 31627 2143 31 case case NN 31627 2143 32 of of IN 31627 2143 33 the the DT 31627 2143 34 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2143 35 of of IN 31627 2143 36 Lisbon Lisbon NNP 31627 2143 37 which which WDT 31627 2143 38 took take VBD 31627 2143 39 place place NN 31627 2143 40 on on IN 31627 2143 41 November November NNP 31627 2143 42 1 1 CD 31627 2143 43 , , , 31627 2143 44 1755 1755 CD 31627 2143 45 . . . 31627 2144 1 The the DT 31627 2144 2 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 2144 3 had have VBD 31627 2144 4 no no DT 31627 2144 5 warning warning NN 31627 2144 6 of of IN 31627 2144 7 the the DT 31627 2144 8 coming come VBG 31627 2144 9 danger danger NN 31627 2144 10 , , , 31627 2144 11 when when WRB 31627 2144 12 a a DT 31627 2144 13 sound sound NN 31627 2144 14 like like IN 31627 2144 15 that that DT 31627 2144 16 of of IN 31627 2144 17 thunder thunder NN 31627 2144 18 was be VBD 31627 2144 19 heard hear VBN 31627 2144 20 underground underground RB 31627 2144 21 , , , 31627 2144 22 and and CC 31627 2144 23 immediately immediately RB 31627 2144 24 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 2144 25 a a DT 31627 2144 26 violent violent JJ 31627 2144 27 shock shock NN 31627 2144 28 threw throw VBD 31627 2144 29 down down RP 31627 2144 30 the the DT 31627 2144 31 greater great JJR 31627 2144 32 part part NN 31627 2144 33 of of IN 31627 2144 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2144 35 city city NN 31627 2144 36 ; ; : 31627 2144 37 this this DT 31627 2144 38 was be VBD 31627 2144 39 the the DT 31627 2144 40 land land NN 31627 2144 41 - - HYPH 31627 2144 42 wave wave NN 31627 2144 43 . . . 31627 2145 1 In in IN 31627 2145 2 the the DT 31627 2145 3 course course NN 31627 2145 4 of of IN 31627 2145 5 about about RB 31627 2145 6 six six CD 31627 2145 7 minutes minute NNS 31627 2145 8 , , , 31627 2145 9 sixty sixty CD 31627 2145 10 thousand thousand CD 31627 2145 11 persons person NNS 31627 2145 12 perished perish VBN 31627 2145 13 . . . 31627 2146 1 The the DT 31627 2146 2 sea sea NN 31627 2146 3 first first RB 31627 2146 4 retired retire VBD 31627 2146 5 and and CC 31627 2146 6 left leave VBD 31627 2146 7 the the DT 31627 2146 8 harbour harbour NN 31627 2146 9 dry dry JJ 31627 2146 10 , , , 31627 2146 11 so so RB 31627 2146 12 forming form VBG 31627 2146 13 the the DT 31627 2146 14 trough trough NN 31627 2146 15 in in IN 31627 2146 16 front front NN 31627 2146 17 of of IN 31627 2146 18 the the DT 31627 2146 19 crest crest NN 31627 2146 20 ; ; : 31627 2146 21 immediately immediately RB 31627 2146 22 after after IN 31627 2146 23 the the DT 31627 2146 24 water water NN 31627 2146 25 rolled roll VBD 31627 2146 26 in in RP 31627 2146 27 with with IN 31627 2146 28 a a DT 31627 2146 29 lofty lofty JJ 31627 2146 30 crest crest NN 31627 2146 31 , , , 31627 2146 32 some some DT 31627 2146 33 50 50 CD 31627 2146 34 feet foot NNS 31627 2146 35 above above IN 31627 2146 36 the the DT 31627 2146 37 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 2146 38 level level NN 31627 2146 39 , , , 31627 2146 40 flooding flood VBG 31627 2146 41 the the DT 31627 2146 42 harbour harbour NN 31627 2146 43 and and CC 31627 2146 44 portions portion NNS 31627 2146 45 of of IN 31627 2146 46 the the DT 31627 2146 47 city city NN 31627 2146 48 bordering border VBG 31627 2146 49 the the DT 31627 2146 50 shore shore NN 31627 2146 51 . . . 31627 2147 1 The the DT 31627 2147 2 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2147 3 of of IN 31627 2147 4 Arrabida Arrabida NNP 31627 2147 5 , , , 31627 2147 6 Estrella Estrella NNP 31627 2147 7 , , , 31627 2147 8 Julio Julio NNP 31627 2147 9 , , , 31627 2147 10 Marvan Marvan NNP 31627 2147 11 , , , 31627 2147 12 and and CC 31627 2147 13 Cintra Cintra NNP 31627 2147 14 , , , 31627 2147 15 were be VBD 31627 2147 16 impetuously impetuously RB 31627 2147 17 shaken shake VBN 31627 2147 18 , , , 31627 2147 19 as as IN 31627 2147 20 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2147 21 were be VBD 31627 2147 22 , , , 31627 2147 23 from from IN 31627 2147 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2147 25 very very JJ 31627 2147 26 foundations foundation NNS 31627 2147 27 ; ; : 31627 2147 28 and and CC 31627 2147 29 according accord VBG 31627 2147 30 to to IN 31627 2147 31 the the DT 31627 2147 32 computation computation NN 31627 2147 33 of of IN 31627 2147 34 Humboldt Humboldt NNP 31627 2147 35 , , , 31627 2147 36 a a DT 31627 2147 37 portion portion NN 31627 2147 38 of of IN 31627 2147 39 the the DT 31627 2147 40 earth earth NN 31627 2147 41 's 's POS 31627 2147 42 surface surface NN 31627 2147 43 four four CD 31627 2147 44 times time NNS 31627 2147 45 the the DT 31627 2147 46 extent extent NN 31627 2147 47 of of IN 31627 2147 48 Europe Europe NNP 31627 2147 49 felt feel VBD 31627 2147 50 the the DT 31627 2147 51 effects effect NNS 31627 2147 52 of of IN 31627 2147 53 this this DT 31627 2147 54 great great JJ 31627 2147 55 seismic seismic JJ 31627 2147 56 shock shock NN 31627 2147 57 , , , 31627 2147 58 which which WDT 31627 2147 59 extended extend VBD 31627 2147 60 to to IN 31627 2147 61 the the DT 31627 2147 62 Alps Alps NNPS 31627 2147 63 , , , 31627 2147 64 the the DT 31627 2147 65 shores shore NNS 31627 2147 66 of of IN 31627 2147 67 the the DT 31627 2147 68 Baltic Baltic NNP 31627 2147 69 , , , 31627 2147 70 the the DT 31627 2147 71 lakes lake NNS 31627 2147 72 of of IN 31627 2147 73 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 2147 74 , , , 31627 2147 75 the the DT 31627 2147 76 great great JJ 31627 2147 77 lakes lake NNS 31627 2147 78 of of IN 31627 2147 79 North North NNP 31627 2147 80 America America NNP 31627 2147 81 , , , 31627 2147 82 and and CC 31627 2147 83 the the DT 31627 2147 84 West West NNP 31627 2147 85 Indian Indian NNP 31627 2147 86 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 2147 87 . . . 31627 2148 1 The the DT 31627 2148 2 velocity velocity NN 31627 2148 3 of of IN 31627 2148 4 the the DT 31627 2148 5 sea sea NN 31627 2148 6 - - HYPH 31627 2148 7 wave wave NN 31627 2148 8 was be VBD 31627 2148 9 estimated estimate VBN 31627 2148 10 at at IN 31627 2148 11 about about RB 31627 2148 12 20 20 CD 31627 2148 13 miles mile NNS 31627 2148 14 per per IN 31627 2148 15 minute minute NN 31627 2148 16 . . . 31627 2149 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2149 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2149 3 f. f. NNP 31627 2149 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2149 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2149 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2149 7 Earthquake Earthquake NNP 31627 2149 8 of of IN 31627 2149 9 Lima Lima NNP 31627 2149 10 and and CC 31627 2149 11 Callao Callao NNPS 31627 2149 12 , , , 31627 2149 13 28th 28th JJ 31627 2149 14 October October NNP 31627 2149 15 , , , 31627 2149 16 1746._--Of 1746._--of CD 31627 2149 17 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 2149 18 similar similar JJ 31627 2149 19 character character NN 31627 2149 20 was be VBD 31627 2149 21 the the DT 31627 2149 22 terrible terrible JJ 31627 2149 23 catastrophe catastrophe NN 31627 2149 24 with with IN 31627 2149 25 which which WDT 31627 2149 26 the the DT 31627 2149 27 cities city NNS 31627 2149 28 of of IN 31627 2149 29 Lima Lima NNP 31627 2149 30 and and CC 31627 2149 31 Callao Callao NNPS 31627 2149 32 were be VBD 31627 2149 33 visited visit VBN 31627 2149 34 in in IN 31627 2149 35 the the DT 31627 2149 36 middle middle NN 31627 2149 37 of of IN 31627 2149 38 the the DT 31627 2149 39 last last JJ 31627 2149 40 century,[6 century,[6 NN 31627 2149 41 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2149 42 in in IN 31627 2149 43 which which WDT 31627 2149 44 the the DT 31627 2149 45 former former JJ 31627 2149 46 city city NN 31627 2149 47 , , , 31627 2149 48 then then RB 31627 2149 49 one one CD 31627 2149 50 of of IN 31627 2149 51 great great JJ 31627 2149 52 magnificence magnificence NN 31627 2149 53 , , , 31627 2149 54 was be VBD 31627 2149 55 overthrown overthrow VBN 31627 2149 56 ; ; : 31627 2149 57 and and CC 31627 2149 58 Callao Callao NNPS 31627 2149 59 was be VBD 31627 2149 60 inundated inundate VBN 31627 2149 61 by by IN 31627 2149 62 a a DT 31627 2149 63 sea sea NN 31627 2149 64 - - HYPH 31627 2149 65 wave wave NN 31627 2149 66 , , , 31627 2149 67 in in IN 31627 2149 68 which which WDT 31627 2149 69 out out IN 31627 2149 70 of of IN 31627 2149 71 23 23 CD 31627 2149 72 ships ship NNS 31627 2149 73 of of IN 31627 2149 74 all all DT 31627 2149 75 sizes size NNS 31627 2149 76 in in IN 31627 2149 77 the the DT 31627 2149 78 harbour harbour NN 31627 2149 79 the the DT 31627 2149 80 greater great JJR 31627 2149 81 number number NN 31627 2149 82 foundered founder VBD 31627 2149 83 ; ; , 31627 2149 84 several several JJ 31627 2149 85 , , , 31627 2149 86 including include VBG 31627 2149 87 a a DT 31627 2149 88 man man NN 31627 2149 89 - - HYPH 31627 2149 90 of of IN 31627 2149 91 - - HYPH 31627 2149 92 war war NN 31627 2149 93 , , , 31627 2149 94 were be VBD 31627 2149 95 lifted lift VBN 31627 2149 96 bodily bodily RB 31627 2149 97 and and CC 31627 2149 98 stranded strand VBN 31627 2149 99 , , , 31627 2149 100 and and CC 31627 2149 101 all all PDT 31627 2149 102 the the DT 31627 2149 103 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 2149 104 with with IN 31627 2149 105 the the DT 31627 2149 106 exception exception NN 31627 2149 107 of of IN 31627 2149 108 about about RB 31627 2149 109 two two CD 31627 2149 110 hundred hundred CD 31627 2149 111 were be VBD 31627 2149 112 drowned drown VBN 31627 2149 113 . . . 31627 2150 1 A a DT 31627 2150 2 volcano volcano NN 31627 2150 3 in in IN 31627 2150 4 Lucanas Lucanas NNP 31627 2150 5 burst burst VBD 31627 2150 6 forth forth RB 31627 2150 7 the the DT 31627 2150 8 same same JJ 31627 2150 9 night night NN 31627 2150 10 , , , 31627 2150 11 and and CC 31627 2150 12 such such JJ 31627 2150 13 quantities quantity NNS 31627 2150 14 of of IN 31627 2150 15 water water NN 31627 2150 16 descended descend VBD 31627 2150 17 from from IN 31627 2150 18 the the DT 31627 2150 19 cone cone NN 31627 2150 20 that that IN 31627 2150 21 the the DT 31627 2150 22 whole whole JJ 31627 2150 23 country country NN 31627 2150 24 was be VBD 31627 2150 25 overflowed overflow VBN 31627 2150 26 ; ; : 31627 2150 27 and and CC 31627 2150 28 in in IN 31627 2150 29 the the DT 31627 2150 30 mountain mountain NN 31627 2150 31 near near IN 31627 2150 32 Pataz Pataz NNP 31627 2150 33 , , , 31627 2150 34 called call VBN 31627 2150 35 Conversiones Conversiones NNP 31627 2150 36 de de NNP 31627 2150 37 Caxamarquilla Caxamarquilla NNP 31627 2150 38 , , , 31627 2150 39 three three CD 31627 2150 40 other other JJ 31627 2150 41 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2150 42 burst burst VBP 31627 2150 43 forth forth RB 31627 2150 44 , , , 31627 2150 45 and and CC 31627 2150 46 torrents torrent NNS 31627 2150 47 of of IN 31627 2150 48 water water NN 31627 2150 49 swept sweep VBD 31627 2150 50 down down RP 31627 2150 51 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2150 52 sides side NNS 31627 2150 53 . . . 31627 2151 1 In in IN 31627 2151 2 the the DT 31627 2151 3 case case NN 31627 2151 4 of of IN 31627 2151 5 these these DT 31627 2151 6 cities city NNS 31627 2151 7 , , , 31627 2151 8 the the DT 31627 2151 9 land land NN 31627 2151 10 - - HYPH 31627 2151 11 wave wave NN 31627 2151 12 , , , 31627 2151 13 or or CC 31627 2151 14 shock shock NN 31627 2151 15 , , , 31627 2151 16 preceded precede VBD 31627 2151 17 the the DT 31627 2151 18 sea sea NN 31627 2151 19 - - HYPH 31627 2151 20 wave wave NN 31627 2151 21 , , , 31627 2151 22 which which WDT 31627 2151 23 of of IN 31627 2151 24 course course NN 31627 2151 25 only only RB 31627 2151 26 reached reach VBD 31627 2151 27 the the DT 31627 2151 28 port port NN 31627 2151 29 of of IN 31627 2151 30 Callao Callao NNP 31627 2151 31 . . . 31627 2152 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2152 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 2152 3 : : : 31627 2152 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 2152 5 . . . 31627 2153 1 37.--The 37.--the CD 31627 2153 2 lines line NNS 31627 2153 3 represent represent VBP 31627 2153 4 isoseismal isoseismal JJ 31627 2153 5 curves curve NNS 31627 2153 6 , , , 31627 2153 7 or or CC 31627 2153 8 curves curve NNS 31627 2153 9 of of IN 31627 2153 10 equal equal JJ 31627 2153 11 intensity intensity NN 31627 2153 12 , , , 31627 2153 13 the the DT 31627 2153 14 force force NN 31627 2153 15 decreasing decrease VBG 31627 2153 16 outwards outward NNS 31627 2153 17 from from IN 31627 2153 18 the the DT 31627 2153 19 focus focus NN 31627 2153 20 at at IN 31627 2153 21 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2153 22 , , , 31627 2153 23 No no UH 31627 2153 24 . . . 31627 2154 1 10 10 CD 31627 2154 2 . . . 31627 2154 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2155 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2155 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2155 3 g. g. NNP 31627 2155 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2155 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2155 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2155 7 Earthquake Earthquake NNP 31627 2155 8 of of IN 31627 2155 9 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2155 10 , , , 31627 2155 11 31st 31st NN 31627 2155 12 August August NNP 31627 2155 13 , , , 31627 2155 14 1886._--I 1886._--I NNP 31627 2155 15 shall shall MD 31627 2155 16 close close VB 31627 2155 17 this this DT 31627 2155 18 account account NN 31627 2155 19 of of IN 31627 2155 20 some some DT 31627 2155 21 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2155 22 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 2155 23 with with IN 31627 2155 24 a a DT 31627 2155 25 few few JJ 31627 2155 26 facts fact NNS 31627 2155 27 regarding regard VBG 31627 2155 28 that that DT 31627 2155 29 of of IN 31627 2155 30 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2155 31 , , , 31627 2155 32 on on IN 31627 2155 33 the the DT 31627 2155 34 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 2155 35 seaboard seaboard NN 31627 2155 36 of of IN 31627 2155 37 Carolina Carolina NNP 31627 2155 38 . . . 31627 2156 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2156 2 7 7 CD 31627 2156 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2156 4 At at IN 31627 2156 5 9.51 9.51 CD 31627 2156 6 a.m. a.m. NN 31627 2156 7 of of IN 31627 2156 8 this this DT 31627 2156 9 day day NN 31627 2156 10 , , , 31627 2156 11 the the DT 31627 2156 12 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 31627 2156 13 engaged engage VBD 31627 2156 14 in in IN 31627 2156 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2156 16 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 2156 17 occupations occupation NNS 31627 2156 18 were be VBD 31627 2156 19 startled startle VBN 31627 2156 20 by by IN 31627 2156 21 the the DT 31627 2156 22 sound sound NN 31627 2156 23 of of IN 31627 2156 24 a a DT 31627 2156 25 distant distant JJ 31627 2156 26 roar roar NN 31627 2156 27 , , , 31627 2156 28 which which WDT 31627 2156 29 speedily speedily RB 31627 2156 30 deepened deepen VBD 31627 2156 31 in in IN 31627 2156 32 volume volume NN 31627 2156 33 so so IN 31627 2156 34 as as IN 31627 2156 35 to to TO 31627 2156 36 resemble resemble VB 31627 2156 37 the the DT 31627 2156 38 noise noise NN 31627 2156 39 of of IN 31627 2156 40 cannon cannon NN 31627 2156 41 rattling rattle VBG 31627 2156 42 along along IN 31627 2156 43 the the DT 31627 2156 44 road road NN 31627 2156 45 , , , 31627 2156 46 " " '' 31627 2156 47 spreading spread VBG 31627 2156 48 into into IN 31627 2156 49 an an DT 31627 2156 50 awful awful JJ 31627 2156 51 noise noise NN 31627 2156 52 , , , 31627 2156 53 that that WDT 31627 2156 54 seemed seem VBD 31627 2156 55 to to TO 31627 2156 56 pervade pervade VB 31627 2156 57 at at IN 31627 2156 58 once once IN 31627 2156 59 the the DT 31627 2156 60 troubled troubled JJ 31627 2156 61 earth earth NN 31627 2156 62 below below RB 31627 2156 63 and and CC 31627 2156 64 the the DT 31627 2156 65 still still RB 31627 2156 66 air air NN 31627 2156 67 above above RB 31627 2156 68 . . . 31627 2156 69 " " '' 31627 2157 1 At at IN 31627 2157 2 the the DT 31627 2157 3 same same JJ 31627 2157 4 time time NN 31627 2157 5 the the DT 31627 2157 6 floors floor NNS 31627 2157 7 began begin VBD 31627 2157 8 to to TO 31627 2157 9 heave heave VB 31627 2157 10 underfoot underfoot NN 31627 2157 11 , , , 31627 2157 12 the the DT 31627 2157 13 walls wall NNS 31627 2157 14 visibly visibly RB 31627 2157 15 swayed sway VBD 31627 2157 16 to to IN 31627 2157 17 and and CC 31627 2157 18 fro fro NNP 31627 2157 19 , , , 31627 2157 20 and and CC 31627 2157 21 the the DT 31627 2157 22 crash crash NN 31627 2157 23 of of IN 31627 2157 24 falling fall VBG 31627 2157 25 masonry masonry NN 31627 2157 26 was be VBD 31627 2157 27 heard hear VBN 31627 2157 28 on on IN 31627 2157 29 all all DT 31627 2157 30 sides side NNS 31627 2157 31 , , , 31627 2157 32 while while IN 31627 2157 33 universal universal JJ 31627 2157 34 terror terror NN 31627 2157 35 took take VBD 31627 2157 36 possession possession NN 31627 2157 37 of of IN 31627 2157 38 the the DT 31627 2157 39 populace populace NN 31627 2157 40 , , , 31627 2157 41 who who WP 31627 2157 42 rushed rush VBD 31627 2157 43 into into IN 31627 2157 44 the the DT 31627 2157 45 streets street NNS 31627 2157 46 , , , 31627 2157 47 the the DT 31627 2157 48 black black JJ 31627 2157 49 portion portion NN 31627 2157 50 of of IN 31627 2157 51 the the DT 31627 2157 52 community community NN 31627 2157 53 being be VBG 31627 2157 54 the the DT 31627 2157 55 most most RBS 31627 2157 56 demonstrative demonstrative JJ 31627 2157 57 of of IN 31627 2157 58 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2157 59 terror terror NN 31627 2157 60 . . . 31627 2158 1 Such such JJ 31627 2158 2 was be VBD 31627 2158 3 the the DT 31627 2158 4 commencement commencement NN 31627 2158 5 of of IN 31627 2158 6 the the DT 31627 2158 7 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2158 8 , , , 31627 2158 9 by by IN 31627 2158 10 which which WDT 31627 2158 11 nearly nearly RB 31627 2158 12 all all PDT 31627 2158 13 the the DT 31627 2158 14 houses house NNS 31627 2158 15 of of IN 31627 2158 16 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2158 17 were be VBD 31627 2158 18 damaged damage VBN 31627 2158 19 or or CC 31627 2158 20 destroyed destroy VBN 31627 2158 21 , , , 31627 2158 22 many many JJ 31627 2158 23 of of IN 31627 2158 24 the the DT 31627 2158 25 public public JJ 31627 2158 26 buildings building NNS 31627 2158 27 seriously seriously RB 31627 2158 28 injured injure VBN 31627 2158 29 or or CC 31627 2158 30 partially partially RB 31627 2158 31 demolished demolish VBN 31627 2158 32 . . . 31627 2159 1 The the DT 31627 2159 2 effects effect NNS 31627 2159 3 were be VBD 31627 2159 4 felt feel VBN 31627 2159 5 all all RB 31627 2159 6 over over IN 31627 2159 7 the the DT 31627 2159 8 States state NNS 31627 2159 9 as as RB 31627 2159 10 far far RB 31627 2159 11 as as IN 31627 2159 12 the the DT 31627 2159 13 great great JJ 31627 2159 14 lakes lake NNS 31627 2159 15 of of IN 31627 2159 16 Canada Canada NNP 31627 2159 17 and and CC 31627 2159 18 the the DT 31627 2159 19 borders border NNS 31627 2159 20 of of IN 31627 2159 21 the the DT 31627 2159 22 Rocky Rocky NNP 31627 2159 23 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 2159 24 . . . 31627 2160 1 Two two CD 31627 2160 2 epicentral epicentral NN 31627 2160 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2160 4 foci foci NN 31627 2160 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2160 6 appear appear VBP 31627 2160 7 to to TO 31627 2160 8 have have VB 31627 2160 9 been be VBN 31627 2160 10 established establish VBN 31627 2160 11 ; ; : 31627 2160 12 one one CD 31627 2160 13 lying lie VBG 31627 2160 14 about about RB 31627 2160 15 15 15 CD 31627 2160 16 miles mile NNS 31627 2160 17 to to IN 31627 2160 18 the the DT 31627 2160 19 N.W. N.W. NNP 31627 2161 1 of of IN 31627 2161 2 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2161 3 , , , 31627 2161 4 called call VBD 31627 2161 5 the the DT 31627 2161 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2161 7 Woodstock Woodstock NNP 31627 2161 8 focus focus NN 31627 2161 9 _ _ NNP 31627 2161 10 ; ; : 31627 2161 11 the the DT 31627 2161 12 other other JJ 31627 2161 13 about about RB 31627 2161 14 14 14 CD 31627 2161 15 miles mile NNS 31627 2161 16 due due JJ 31627 2161 17 west west NN 31627 2161 18 of of IN 31627 2161 19 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2161 20 , , , 31627 2161 21 called call VBD 31627 2161 22 the the DT 31627 2161 23 _ _ NNP 31627 2161 24 Rantowles Rantowles NNP 31627 2161 25 focus focus NN 31627 2161 26 _ _ NNP 31627 2161 27 ; ; : 31627 2161 28 around around IN 31627 2161 29 each each DT 31627 2161 30 of of IN 31627 2161 31 these these DT 31627 2161 32 _ _ NNP 31627 2161 33 foci foci NN 31627 2161 34 _ _ NNP 31627 2161 35 the the DT 31627 2161 36 isoseismic isoseismic JJ 31627 2161 37 curves curve NNS 31627 2161 38 concentrated,[8 concentrated,[8 NN 31627 2161 39 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2161 40 but but CC 31627 2161 41 in in IN 31627 2161 42 the the DT 31627 2161 43 map map NN 31627 2161 44 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2161 45 Fig fig NN 31627 2161 46 . . . 31627 2162 1 37 37 LS 31627 2162 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2162 3 are be VBP 31627 2162 4 combined combine VBN 31627 2162 5 into into IN 31627 2162 6 the the DT 31627 2162 7 area area NN 31627 2162 8 of of IN 31627 2162 9 one one CD 31627 2162 10 curve curve NN 31627 2162 11 . . . 31627 2163 1 The the DT 31627 2163 2 position position NN 31627 2163 3 of of IN 31627 2163 4 these these DT 31627 2163 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2163 6 foci foci NN 31627 2163 7 _ _ NNP 31627 2163 8 clearly clearly RB 31627 2163 9 shows show VBZ 31627 2163 10 that that IN 31627 2163 11 the the DT 31627 2163 12 origin origin NN 31627 2163 13 of of IN 31627 2163 14 the the DT 31627 2163 15 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2163 16 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2163 17 was be VBD 31627 2163 18 not not RB 31627 2163 19 submarine submarine NN 31627 2163 20 , , , 31627 2163 21 though though IN 31627 2163 22 occurring occur VBG 31627 2163 23 within within IN 31627 2163 24 a a DT 31627 2163 25 short short JJ 31627 2163 26 distance distance NN 31627 2163 27 of of IN 31627 2163 28 the the DT 31627 2163 29 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 31627 2163 30 border border NN 31627 2163 31 ; ; : 31627 2163 32 the the DT 31627 2163 33 curves curve NNS 31627 2163 34 of of IN 31627 2163 35 equal equal JJ 31627 2163 36 intensity intensity NN 31627 2163 37 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2163 38 isoseismals isoseismal NNS 31627 2163 39 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2163 40 are be VBP 31627 2163 41 drawn draw VBN 31627 2163 42 all all RB 31627 2163 43 over over IN 31627 2163 44 the the DT 31627 2163 45 area area NN 31627 2163 46 influenced influence VBN 31627 2163 47 by by IN 31627 2163 48 the the DT 31627 2163 49 shock shock NN 31627 2163 50 . . . 31627 2164 1 As as IN 31627 2164 2 a a DT 31627 2164 3 general general JJ 31627 2164 4 result result NN 31627 2164 5 of of IN 31627 2164 6 these these DT 31627 2164 7 detailed detail VBN 31627 2164 8 observations observation NNS 31627 2164 9 , , , 31627 2164 10 Captain Captain NNP 31627 2164 11 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 2164 12 states state VBZ 31627 2164 13 that that IN 31627 2164 14 there there EX 31627 2164 15 is be VBZ 31627 2164 16 a a DT 31627 2164 17 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2164 18 coincidence coincidence NN 31627 2164 19 in in IN 31627 2164 20 the the DT 31627 2164 21 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2164 22 with with IN 31627 2164 23 those those DT 31627 2164 24 indicated indicate VBN 31627 2164 25 by by IN 31627 2164 26 the the DT 31627 2164 27 theory theory NN 31627 2164 28 of of IN 31627 2164 29 wave wave NN 31627 2164 30 - - HYPH 31627 2164 31 motion motion NN 31627 2164 32 as as IN 31627 2164 33 the the DT 31627 2164 34 proper proper JJ 31627 2164 35 one one NN 31627 2164 36 for for IN 31627 2164 37 an an DT 31627 2164 38 elastic elastic JJ 31627 2164 39 , , , 31627 2164 40 nearly nearly RB 31627 2164 41 homogeneous homogeneous JJ 31627 2164 42 , , , 31627 2164 43 solid solid JJ 31627 2164 44 medium medium NN 31627 2164 45 , , , 31627 2164 46 composed compose VBN 31627 2164 47 of of IN 31627 2164 48 such such JJ 31627 2164 49 materials material NNS 31627 2164 50 as as IN 31627 2164 51 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2164 52 know know VBP 31627 2164 53 to to TO 31627 2164 54 constitute constitute VB 31627 2164 55 the the DT 31627 2164 56 rocks rock NNS 31627 2164 57 of of IN 31627 2164 58 the the DT 31627 2164 59 outer outer JJ 31627 2164 60 portions portion NNS 31627 2164 61 of of IN 31627 2164 62 the the DT 31627 2164 63 earth earth NN 31627 2164 64 ; ; : 31627 2164 65 but but CC 31627 2164 66 on on IN 31627 2164 67 the the DT 31627 2164 68 other other JJ 31627 2164 69 hand hand NN 31627 2164 70 he -PRON- PRP 31627 2164 71 states state VBZ 31627 2164 72 that that IN 31627 2164 73 nothing nothing NN 31627 2164 74 has have VBZ 31627 2164 75 been be VBN 31627 2164 76 disclosed disclose VBN 31627 2164 77 which which WDT 31627 2164 78 seems seem VBZ 31627 2164 79 to to TO 31627 2164 80 bring bring VB 31627 2164 81 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2164 82 any any DT 31627 2164 83 nearer nearer NN 31627 2164 84 to to IN 31627 2164 85 the the DT 31627 2164 86 precise precise JJ 31627 2164 87 nature nature NN 31627 2164 88 of of IN 31627 2164 89 the the DT 31627 2164 90 forces force NNS 31627 2164 91 which which WDT 31627 2164 92 generated generate VBD 31627 2164 93 the the DT 31627 2164 94 disturbance disturbance NN 31627 2164 95 . . . 31627 2165 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2165 2 9 9 CD 31627 2165 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2165 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2165 5 1 1 CD 31627 2165 6 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2165 7 The the DT 31627 2165 8 views view NNS 31627 2165 9 of of IN 31627 2165 10 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 2165 11 R. R. NNP 31627 2165 12 Mallet Mallet NNP 31627 2165 13 , , , 31627 2165 14 briefly briefly RB 31627 2165 15 stated state VBD 31627 2165 16 , , , 31627 2165 17 are be VBP 31627 2165 18 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 2165 19 as as RB 31627 2165 20 follows:--Owing follows:--owe VBG 31627 2165 21 to to IN 31627 2165 22 the the DT 31627 2165 23 secular secular JJ 31627 2165 24 cooling cooling NN 31627 2165 25 of of IN 31627 2165 26 the the DT 31627 2165 27 earth earth NN 31627 2165 28 , , , 31627 2165 29 and and CC 31627 2165 30 the the DT 31627 2165 31 consequent consequent JJ 31627 2165 32 lateral lateral JJ 31627 2165 33 crushing crushing NN 31627 2165 34 of of IN 31627 2165 35 the the DT 31627 2165 36 surface surface NN 31627 2165 37 , , , 31627 2165 38 this this DT 31627 2165 39 crushing crushing NN 31627 2165 40 from from IN 31627 2165 41 time time NN 31627 2165 42 to to IN 31627 2165 43 time time NN 31627 2165 44 overcomes overcome VBZ 31627 2165 45 the the DT 31627 2165 46 resistance resistance NN 31627 2165 47 ; ; : 31627 2165 48 in in IN 31627 2165 49 which which WDT 31627 2165 50 case case NN 31627 2165 51 shocks shock NNS 31627 2165 52 are be VBP 31627 2165 53 experienced experience VBN 31627 2165 54 along along IN 31627 2165 55 the the DT 31627 2165 56 lines line NNS 31627 2165 57 of of IN 31627 2165 58 fracture fracture NN 31627 2165 59 and and CC 31627 2165 60 faulting faulting NN 31627 2165 61 by by IN 31627 2165 62 which which WDT 31627 2165 63 the the DT 31627 2165 64 crust crust NN 31627 2165 65 is be VBZ 31627 2165 66 intersected intersect VBN 31627 2165 67 . . . 31627 2166 1 These these DT 31627 2166 2 shocks shock NNS 31627 2166 3 give give VBP 31627 2166 4 rise rise NN 31627 2166 5 to to IN 31627 2166 6 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2166 7 waves wave NNS 31627 2166 8 , , , 31627 2166 9 and and CC 31627 2166 10 as as IN 31627 2166 11 the the DT 31627 2166 12 crushing crushing NN 31627 2166 13 of of IN 31627 2166 14 the the DT 31627 2166 15 walls wall NNS 31627 2166 16 of of IN 31627 2166 17 the the DT 31627 2166 18 fissure fissure NN 31627 2166 19 developes develope NNS 31627 2166 20 heat heat NNP 31627 2166 21 , , , 31627 2166 22 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2166 23 have have VBP 31627 2166 24 here here RB 31627 2166 25 the the DT 31627 2166 26 _ _ NNP 31627 2166 27 vera vera NN 31627 2166 28 causa causa VBD 31627 2166 29 _ _ NNP 31627 2166 30 both both DT 31627 2166 31 of of IN 31627 2166 32 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2166 33 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2166 34 and and CC 31627 2166 35 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2166 36 shocks shock NNS 31627 2166 37 -- -- : 31627 2166 38 the the DT 31627 2166 39 former former JJ 31627 2166 40 intensified intensify VBN 31627 2166 41 into into IN 31627 2166 42 explosions explosion NNS 31627 2166 43 by by IN 31627 2166 44 access access NN 31627 2166 45 of of IN 31627 2166 46 water water NN 31627 2166 47 through through IN 31627 2166 48 the the DT 31627 2166 49 fissures.--"On fissures.--"On NNP 31627 2166 50 the the DT 31627 2166 51 Dynamics Dynamics NNPS 31627 2166 52 of of IN 31627 2166 53 Earthquakes Earthquakes NNP 31627 2166 54 , , , 31627 2166 55 " " '' 31627 2166 56 _ _ NNP 31627 2166 57 Trans Trans NNP 31627 2166 58 . . . 31627 2167 1 Roy Roy NNP 31627 2167 2 . . . 31627 2168 1 Irish Irish NNP 31627 2168 2 Acad Acad NNP 31627 2168 3 . . . 31627 2168 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2168 5 , , , 31627 2168 6 vol vol NNP 31627 2168 7 . . . 31627 2169 1 xxi xxi NNP 31627 2169 2 . . . 31627 2170 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2170 2 2 2 LS 31627 2170 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2170 4 Illustration illustration NN 31627 2170 5 of of IN 31627 2170 6 the the DT 31627 2170 7 mode mode NN 31627 2170 8 of of IN 31627 2170 9 propagation propagation NN 31627 2170 10 of of IN 31627 2170 11 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2170 12 shocks shock NNS 31627 2170 13 will will MD 31627 2170 14 be be VB 31627 2170 15 found find VBN 31627 2170 16 in in IN 31627 2170 17 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 2170 18 's 's POS 31627 2170 19 _ _ NNP 31627 2170 20 Principles Principles NNPS 31627 2170 21 of of IN 31627 2170 22 Geology Geology NNP 31627 2170 23 _ _ NNP 31627 2170 24 , , , 31627 2170 25 vol vol NNP 31627 2170 26 . . . 31627 2171 1 ii ii LS 31627 2171 2 . . . 31627 2172 1 p. p. NN 31627 2172 2 136 136 CD 31627 2172 3 , , , 31627 2172 4 or or CC 31627 2172 5 in in IN 31627 2172 6 the the DT 31627 2172 7 author author NN 31627 2172 8 's 's POS 31627 2172 9 _ _ NNP 31627 2172 10 Physiography Physiography NNP 31627 2172 11 _ _ NNP 31627 2172 12 , , , 31627 2172 13 p. p. NN 31627 2172 14 76 76 CD 31627 2172 15 , , , 31627 2172 16 after after IN 31627 2172 17 Hopkins Hopkins NNP 31627 2172 18 . . . 31627 2173 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2173 2 3 3 CD 31627 2173 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2173 4 " " `` 31627 2173 5 Rep. Rep. NNP 31627 2173 6 on on IN 31627 2173 7 Theories Theories NNPS 31627 2173 8 of of IN 31627 2173 9 Elevation Elevation NNP 31627 2173 10 and and CC 31627 2173 11 Earthquakes Earthquakes NNP 31627 2173 12 , , , 31627 2173 13 " " '' 31627 2173 14 _ _ NNP 31627 2173 15 Brit Brit NNP 31627 2173 16 . . . 31627 2174 1 Ass ass NN 31627 2174 2 . . . 31627 2175 1 Rep. Rep. NNP 31627 2175 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2175 3 1847 1847 CD 31627 2175 4 , , , 31627 2175 5 p. p. NN 31627 2175 6 33 33 CD 31627 2175 7 . . . 31627 2176 1 In in IN 31627 2176 2 the the DT 31627 2176 3 map map NN 31627 2176 4 prepared prepare VBN 31627 2176 5 by by IN 31627 2176 6 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2176 7 J. J. NNP 31627 2176 8 Milne Milne NNP 31627 2176 9 and and CC 31627 2176 10 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 2176 11 W. W. NNP 31627 2176 12 K. K. NNP 31627 2176 13 Burton Burton NNP 31627 2176 14 to to TO 31627 2176 15 show show VB 31627 2176 16 the the DT 31627 2176 17 range range NN 31627 2176 18 of of IN 31627 2176 19 the the DT 31627 2176 20 great great JJ 31627 2176 21 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2176 22 of of IN 31627 2176 23 Japan Japan NNP 31627 2176 24 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2176 25 1891 1891 CD 31627 2176 26 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2176 27 , , , 31627 2176 28 similar similar JJ 31627 2176 29 isoseismal isoseismal JJ 31627 2176 30 lines line NNS 31627 2176 31 are be VBP 31627 2176 32 laid lay VBN 31627 2176 33 down down RP 31627 2176 34 . . . 31627 2177 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2177 2 4 4 LS 31627 2177 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2177 4 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 2177 5 , , , 31627 2177 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2177 7 loc loc NN 31627 2177 8 . . . 31627 2178 1 cit cit NNP 31627 2178 2 . . . 31627 2178 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2178 4 , , , 31627 2178 5 p. p. NN 31627 2178 6 163 163 CD 31627 2178 7 . . . 31627 2179 1 Two two CD 31627 2179 2 Catalogues Catalogues NNPS 31627 2179 3 of of IN 31627 2179 4 Earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 2179 5 have have VBP 31627 2179 6 been be VBN 31627 2179 7 drawn draw VBN 31627 2179 8 up up RP 31627 2179 9 by by IN 31627 2179 10 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2179 11 O'Reilly O'Reilly NNP 31627 2179 12 , , , 31627 2179 13 and and CC 31627 2179 14 are be VBP 31627 2179 15 published publish VBN 31627 2179 16 in in IN 31627 2179 17 the the DT 31627 2179 18 _ _ NNP 31627 2179 19 Trans Trans NNP 31627 2179 20 . . . 31627 2180 1 Roy Roy NNP 31627 2180 2 . . . 31627 2181 1 Irish Irish NNP 31627 2181 2 Academy Academy NNP 31627 2181 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2181 4 , , , 31627 2181 5 vol vol NNP 31627 2181 6 . . . 31627 2182 1 xxviii xxviii NNP 31627 2182 2 . . . 31627 2183 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2183 2 1884 1884 CD 31627 2183 3 and and CC 31627 2183 4 1886 1886 CD 31627 2183 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2183 6 . . . 31627 2184 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2184 2 5 5 CD 31627 2184 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2184 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2184 5 Ninth Ninth NNP 31627 2184 6 Annual Annual NNP 31627 2184 7 Report Report NNP 31627 2184 8 , , , 31627 2184 9 U.S. U.S. NNP 31627 2184 10 Geological Geological NNP 31627 2184 11 Survey Survey NNP 31627 2184 12 _ _ NNP 31627 2184 13 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2184 14 1888 1888 CD 31627 2184 15 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2184 16 . . . 31627 2185 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2185 2 6 6 CD 31627 2185 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2185 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2185 5 A A NNP 31627 2185 6 True true JJ 31627 2185 7 and and CC 31627 2185 8 Particular particular JJ 31627 2185 9 Account Account NNP 31627 2185 10 of of IN 31627 2185 11 the the DT 31627 2185 12 Dreadful Dreadful NNP 31627 2185 13 Earthquake Earthquake NNP 31627 2185 14 _ _ NNP 31627 2185 15 , , , 31627 2185 16 2nd 2nd JJ 31627 2185 17 edit edit NN 31627 2185 18 . . . 31627 2186 1 The the DT 31627 2186 2 original original NN 31627 2186 3 published publish VBN 31627 2186 4 at at IN 31627 2186 5 Lima Lima NNP 31627 2186 6 by by IN 31627 2186 7 command command NN 31627 2186 8 of of IN 31627 2186 9 the the DT 31627 2186 10 Viceroy Viceroy NNP 31627 2186 11 . . . 31627 2187 1 London London NNP 31627 2187 2 , , , 31627 2187 3 1748 1748 CD 31627 2187 4 . . . 31627 2188 1 Translated translate VBN 31627 2188 2 from from IN 31627 2188 3 the the DT 31627 2188 4 Spanish Spanish NNP 31627 2188 5 . . . 31627 2189 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2189 2 7 7 CD 31627 2189 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2189 4 I -PRON- PRP 31627 2189 5 take take VBP 31627 2189 6 the the DT 31627 2189 7 account account NN 31627 2189 8 from from IN 31627 2189 9 that that DT 31627 2189 10 of of IN 31627 2189 11 Capt Capt NNP 31627 2189 12 . . . 31627 2190 1 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 2190 2 above above RB 31627 2190 3 cited cite VBD 31627 2190 4 , , , 31627 2190 5 p. p. NN 31627 2190 6 220 220 CD 31627 2190 7 . . . 31627 2191 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2191 2 8 8 CD 31627 2191 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2191 4 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 2191 5 , , , 31627 2191 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2191 7 Report Report NNP 31627 2191 8 _ _ NNP 31627 2191 9 , , , 31627 2191 10 Plate Plate NNP 31627 2191 11 xxvi xxvi NNP 31627 2191 12 . . NNP 31627 2191 13 , , , 31627 2191 14 p. p. NN 31627 2191 15 308 308 CD 31627 2191 16 . . . 31627 2192 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2192 2 9 9 CD 31627 2192 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2192 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2192 5 Ibid Ibid NNP 31627 2192 6 . . . 31627 2192 7 _ _ NNP 31627 2192 8 , , , 31627 2192 9 p. p. NN 31627 2192 10 211 211 CD 31627 2192 11 . . . 31627 2193 1 On on IN 31627 2193 2 the the DT 31627 2193 3 connection connection NN 31627 2193 4 between between IN 31627 2193 5 the the DT 31627 2193 6 moon moon NN 31627 2193 7 's 's POS 31627 2193 8 position position NN 31627 2193 9 and and CC 31627 2193 10 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2193 11 shocks shock NNS 31627 2193 12 , , , 31627 2193 13 see see VB 31627 2193 14 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 2193 15 Richardson Richardson NNP 31627 2193 16 's 's POS 31627 2193 17 paper paper NN 31627 2193 18 on on IN 31627 2193 19 Scottish scottish JJ 31627 2193 20 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 2193 21 , , , 31627 2193 22 _ _ NNP 31627 2193 23 Trans Trans NNP 31627 2193 24 . . . 31627 2194 1 Edin Edin NNP 31627 2194 2 . . . 31627 2195 1 Geol Geol NNP 31627 2195 2 . . . 31627 2196 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 2196 2 . . . 31627 2196 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2196 4 , , , 31627 2196 5 vol vol NNP 31627 2196 6 . . . 31627 2197 1 vi vi NNP 31627 2197 2 . . . 31627 2198 1 p. p. NN 31627 2198 2 194 194 CD 31627 2198 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2198 4 1892 1892 CD 31627 2198 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2198 6 . . . 31627 2199 1 PART PART NNP 31627 2199 2 VII VII NNP 31627 2199 3 . . . 31627 2200 1 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 2200 2 AND and CC 31627 2200 3 SEISMIC SEISMIC NNP 31627 2200 4 PROBLEMS PROBLEMS NNP 31627 2200 5 . . . 31627 2201 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 2201 2 I. I. NNP 31627 2202 1 THE the DT 31627 2202 2 ULTIMATE ULTIMATE NNP 31627 2202 3 CAUSE CAUSE NNP 31627 2202 4 OF of IN 31627 2202 5 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 2202 6 ACTION ACTION NNP 31627 2202 7 . . . 31627 2203 1 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2203 2 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2203 3 are be VBP 31627 2203 4 the the DT 31627 2203 5 outward outward JJ 31627 2203 6 manifestations manifestation NNS 31627 2203 7 of of IN 31627 2203 8 forces force NNS 31627 2203 9 deep deep RB 31627 2203 10 - - HYPH 31627 2203 11 seated seated JJ 31627 2203 12 beneath beneath IN 31627 2203 13 the the DT 31627 2203 14 crust crust NN 31627 2203 15 of of IN 31627 2203 16 the the DT 31627 2203 17 globe globe NN 31627 2203 18 ; ; : 31627 2203 19 and and CC 31627 2203 20 in in IN 31627 2203 21 seeking seek VBG 31627 2203 22 for for IN 31627 2203 23 the the DT 31627 2203 24 causes cause NNS 31627 2203 25 of of IN 31627 2203 26 such such JJ 31627 2203 27 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2203 28 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2203 29 must must MD 31627 2203 30 be be VB 31627 2203 31 guided guide VBN 31627 2203 32 by by IN 31627 2203 33 observation observation NN 31627 2203 34 of of IN 31627 2203 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2203 36 nature nature NN 31627 2203 37 and and CC 31627 2203 38 mode mode NN 31627 2203 39 of of IN 31627 2203 40 action action NN 31627 2203 41 . . . 31627 2204 1 The the DT 31627 2204 2 universality universality NN 31627 2204 3 of of IN 31627 2204 4 these these DT 31627 2204 5 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2204 6 all all RB 31627 2204 7 over over IN 31627 2204 8 the the DT 31627 2204 9 surface surface NN 31627 2204 10 of of IN 31627 2204 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2204 12 globe globe NN 31627 2204 13 , , , 31627 2204 14 in in IN 31627 2204 15 past past NN 31627 2204 16 or or CC 31627 2204 17 present present JJ 31627 2204 18 times time NNS 31627 2204 19 , , , 31627 2204 20 indicates indicate VBZ 31627 2204 21 the the DT 31627 2204 22 existence existence NN 31627 2204 23 of of IN 31627 2204 24 a a DT 31627 2204 25 general general JJ 31627 2204 26 cause cause NN 31627 2204 27 beneath beneath IN 31627 2204 28 the the DT 31627 2204 29 crust crust NN 31627 2204 30 . . . 31627 2205 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2205 2 is be VBZ 31627 2205 3 true true JJ 31627 2205 4 that that IN 31627 2205 5 there there EX 31627 2205 6 are be VBP 31627 2205 7 to to TO 31627 2205 8 be be VB 31627 2205 9 found find VBN 31627 2205 10 large large JJ 31627 2205 11 tracts tract NNS 31627 2205 12 from from IN 31627 2205 13 which which WDT 31627 2205 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2205 15 rocks rock NNS 31627 2205 16 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2205 17 except except IN 31627 2205 18 those those DT 31627 2205 19 of of IN 31627 2205 20 great great JJ 31627 2205 21 geological geological JJ 31627 2205 22 antiquity antiquity NN 31627 2205 23 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2205 24 are be VBP 31627 2205 25 absent absent JJ 31627 2205 26 , , , 31627 2205 27 such such JJ 31627 2205 28 as as IN 31627 2205 29 Central Central NNP 31627 2205 30 Russia Russia NNP 31627 2205 31 , , , 31627 2205 32 the the DT 31627 2205 33 Nubian Nubian NNP 31627 2205 34 Desert Desert NNP 31627 2205 35 , , , 31627 2205 36 and and CC 31627 2205 37 the the DT 31627 2205 38 Central Central NNP 31627 2205 39 States States NNPS 31627 2205 40 of of IN 31627 2205 41 North North NNP 31627 2205 42 America America NNP 31627 2205 43 ; ; : 31627 2205 44 but but CC 31627 2205 45 such such JJ 31627 2205 46 absence absence NN 31627 2205 47 by by IN 31627 2205 48 no no DT 31627 2205 49 means means NN 31627 2205 50 implies imply VBZ 31627 2205 51 the the DT 31627 2205 52 non non JJ 31627 2205 53 - - NN 31627 2205 54 existence existence NN 31627 2205 55 of of IN 31627 2205 56 the the DT 31627 2205 57 forces force NNS 31627 2205 58 which which WDT 31627 2205 59 give give VBP 31627 2205 60 rise rise NN 31627 2205 61 to to IN 31627 2205 62 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2205 63 action action NN 31627 2205 64 beneath beneath IN 31627 2205 65 those those DT 31627 2205 66 regions region NNS 31627 2205 67 , , , 31627 2205 68 but but CC 31627 2205 69 only only RB 31627 2205 70 that that IN 31627 2205 71 the the DT 31627 2205 72 forces force NNS 31627 2205 73 have have VBP 31627 2205 74 not not RB 31627 2205 75 been be VBN 31627 2205 76 sufficiently sufficiently RB 31627 2205 77 powerful powerful JJ 31627 2205 78 to to TO 31627 2205 79 overcome overcome VB 31627 2205 80 the the DT 31627 2205 81 resistance resistance NN 31627 2205 82 offered offer VBN 31627 2205 83 by by IN 31627 2205 84 the the DT 31627 2205 85 crust crust NN 31627 2205 86 over over IN 31627 2205 87 those those DT 31627 2205 88 particular particular JJ 31627 2205 89 tracts tract NNS 31627 2205 90 . . . 31627 2206 1 On on IN 31627 2206 2 the the DT 31627 2206 3 other other JJ 31627 2206 4 hand hand NN 31627 2206 5 , , , 31627 2206 6 the the DT 31627 2206 7 similarity similarity NN 31627 2206 8 of of IN 31627 2206 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2206 10 lavas lavas NNP 31627 2206 11 over over IN 31627 2206 12 wide wide JJ 31627 2206 13 regions region NNS 31627 2206 14 is be VBZ 31627 2206 15 strong strong JJ 31627 2206 16 evidence evidence NN 31627 2206 17 that that IN 31627 2206 18 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2206 19 are be VBP 31627 2206 20 drawn draw VBN 31627 2206 21 from from IN 31627 2206 22 one one CD 31627 2206 23 continuous continuous JJ 31627 2206 24 magma magma NN 31627 2206 25 , , , 31627 2206 26 consisting consist VBG 31627 2206 27 of of IN 31627 2206 28 molten molten JJ 31627 2206 29 matter matter NN 31627 2206 30 beneath beneath IN 31627 2206 31 the the DT 31627 2206 32 solid solid JJ 31627 2206 33 exterior exterior NNP 31627 2206 34 crust crust NN 31627 2206 35 . . . 31627 2207 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2207 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2207 3 a. a. NN 31627 2207 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2207 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2207 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2207 7 Lines Lines NNP 31627 2207 8 of of IN 31627 2207 9 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2207 10 Action._--It action._--it NN 31627 2207 11 has have VBZ 31627 2207 12 been be VBN 31627 2207 13 shown show VBN 31627 2207 14 in in IN 31627 2207 15 a a DT 31627 2207 16 previous previous JJ 31627 2207 17 page page NN 31627 2207 18 that that IN 31627 2207 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2207 20 action action NN 31627 2207 21 of of IN 31627 2207 22 recent recent JJ 31627 2207 23 or or CC 31627 2207 24 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 2207 25 times time NNS 31627 2207 26 has have VBZ 31627 2207 27 taken take VBN 31627 2207 28 place place NN 31627 2207 29 mainly mainly RB 31627 2207 30 along along IN 31627 2207 31 certain certain JJ 31627 2207 32 lines line NNS 31627 2207 33 which which WDT 31627 2207 34 may may MD 31627 2207 35 be be VB 31627 2207 36 traced trace VBN 31627 2207 37 on on IN 31627 2207 38 the the DT 31627 2207 39 surface surface NN 31627 2207 40 of of IN 31627 2207 41 a a DT 31627 2207 42 map map NN 31627 2207 43 or or CC 31627 2207 44 globe globe NN 31627 2207 45 . . . 31627 2208 1 One one CD 31627 2208 2 of of IN 31627 2208 3 these these DT 31627 2208 4 lines line NNS 31627 2208 5 girdles girdle VBZ 31627 2208 6 the the DT 31627 2208 7 whole whole JJ 31627 2208 8 globe globe NN 31627 2208 9 , , , 31627 2208 10 while while IN 31627 2208 11 others other NNS 31627 2208 12 lie lie VBP 31627 2208 13 in in IN 31627 2208 14 certain certain JJ 31627 2208 15 directions direction NNS 31627 2208 16 more more RBR 31627 2208 17 or or CC 31627 2208 18 less less RBR 31627 2208 19 coincident coincident NN 31627 2208 20 with with IN 31627 2208 21 lines line NNS 31627 2208 22 of of IN 31627 2208 23 flexure flexure NN 31627 2208 24 , , , 31627 2208 25 plication plication NN 31627 2208 26 or or CC 31627 2208 27 faulting faulting NN 31627 2208 28 . . . 31627 2209 1 The the DT 31627 2209 2 Isle Isle NNP 31627 2209 3 of of IN 31627 2209 4 Sumatra Sumatra NNP 31627 2209 5 offers offer VBZ 31627 2209 6 a a DT 31627 2209 7 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2209 8 example example NN 31627 2209 9 of of IN 31627 2209 10 the the DT 31627 2209 11 coincidence coincidence NN 31627 2209 12 of of IN 31627 2209 13 such such JJ 31627 2209 14 lines line NNS 31627 2209 15 with with IN 31627 2209 16 those those DT 31627 2209 17 of of IN 31627 2209 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2209 19 vents vent NNS 31627 2209 20 . . . 31627 2210 1 Not not RB 31627 2210 2 only only RB 31627 2210 3 the the DT 31627 2210 4 great great JJ 31627 2210 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2210 6 cones cone NNS 31627 2210 7 , , , 31627 2210 8 but but CC 31627 2210 9 also also RB 31627 2210 10 the the DT 31627 2210 11 smaller small JJR 31627 2210 12 ones one NNS 31627 2210 13 , , , 31627 2210 14 are be VBP 31627 2210 15 disposed dispose VBN 31627 2210 16 in in IN 31627 2210 17 chains chain NNS 31627 2210 18 which which WDT 31627 2210 19 run run VBP 31627 2210 20 parallel parallel NN 31627 2210 21 to to IN 31627 2210 22 the the DT 31627 2210 23 longitudinal longitudinal JJ 31627 2210 24 axis axi NNS 31627 2210 25 of of IN 31627 2210 26 the the DT 31627 2210 27 island island NN 31627 2210 28 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2210 29 N.W.-S.E. N.W.-S.E. NNP 31627 2210 30 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2210 31 . . . 31627 2211 1 The the DT 31627 2211 2 sedimentary sedimentary JJ 31627 2211 3 rocks rock NNS 31627 2211 4 are be VBP 31627 2211 5 bent bent JJ 31627 2211 6 and and CC 31627 2211 7 faulted fault VBN 31627 2211 8 in in IN 31627 2211 9 lines line NNS 31627 2211 10 parallel parallel JJ 31627 2211 11 to to IN 31627 2211 12 the the DT 31627 2211 13 main main JJ 31627 2211 14 axis axis NN 31627 2211 15 , , , 31627 2211 16 and and CC 31627 2211 17 also also RB 31627 2211 18 to to IN 31627 2211 19 the the DT 31627 2211 20 chains chain NNS 31627 2211 21 of of IN 31627 2211 22 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2211 23 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2211 24 , , , 31627 2211 25 and and CC 31627 2211 26 the the DT 31627 2211 27 observation observation NN 31627 2211 28 holds hold VBZ 31627 2211 29 good good JJ 31627 2211 30 with with IN 31627 2211 31 regard regard NN 31627 2211 32 to to IN 31627 2211 33 different different JJ 31627 2211 34 geological geological JJ 31627 2211 35 periods period NNS 31627 2211 36 . . . 31627 2212 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2212 2 1 1 LS 31627 2212 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2212 4 Another another DT 31627 2212 5 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2212 6 case case NN 31627 2212 7 is be VBZ 31627 2212 8 that that DT 31627 2212 9 of of IN 31627 2212 10 the the DT 31627 2212 11 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 2212 12 Valley Valley NNP 31627 2212 13 . . . 31627 2213 1 Nowhere nowhere RB 31627 2213 2 can can MD 31627 2213 3 the the DT 31627 2213 4 existence existence NN 31627 2213 5 of of IN 31627 2213 6 a a DT 31627 2213 7 great great JJ 31627 2213 8 fracture fracture NN 31627 2213 9 and and CC 31627 2213 10 vertical vertical JJ 31627 2213 11 displacement displacement NN 31627 2213 12 of of IN 31627 2213 13 the the DT 31627 2213 14 strata strata NN 31627 2213 15 be be VB 31627 2213 16 more more RBR 31627 2213 17 clearly clearly RB 31627 2213 18 determined determined JJ 31627 2213 19 than than IN 31627 2213 20 along along IN 31627 2213 21 this this DT 31627 2213 22 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2213 23 line line NN 31627 2213 24 of of IN 31627 2213 25 depression depression NN 31627 2213 26 ; ; : 31627 2213 27 and and CC 31627 2213 28 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2213 29 is be VBZ 31627 2213 30 one one CD 31627 2213 31 which which WDT 31627 2213 32 is be VBZ 31627 2213 33 also also RB 31627 2213 34 coincident coincident JJ 31627 2213 35 with with IN 31627 2213 36 a a DT 31627 2213 37 zone zone NN 31627 2213 38 of of IN 31627 2213 39 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2213 40 and and CC 31627 2213 41 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2213 42 disturbances disturbance NNS 31627 2213 43 . . . 31627 2214 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2214 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2214 3 b. b. NNP 31627 2214 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2214 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2214 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2214 7 Such Such NNP 31627 2214 8 Lines Lines NNP 31627 2214 9 generally generally RB 31627 2214 10 lie lie VBP 31627 2214 11 along along IN 31627 2214 12 the the DT 31627 2214 13 Borders Borders NNPS 31627 2214 14 of of IN 31627 2214 15 the the DT 31627 2214 16 Ocean._--But ocean._--but CD 31627 2214 17 even even RB 31627 2214 18 where where WRB 31627 2214 19 , , , 31627 2214 20 from from IN 31627 2214 21 some some DT 31627 2214 22 special special JJ 31627 2214 23 cause cause NN 31627 2214 24 , , , 31627 2214 25 actual actual JJ 31627 2214 26 observation observation NN 31627 2214 27 on on IN 31627 2214 28 the the DT 31627 2214 29 relations relation NNS 31627 2214 30 of of IN 31627 2214 31 the the DT 31627 2214 32 strata stratum NNS 31627 2214 33 are be VBP 31627 2214 34 precluded preclude VBN 31627 2214 35 , , , 31627 2214 36 the the DT 31627 2214 37 general general JJ 31627 2214 38 configuration configuration NN 31627 2214 39 of of IN 31627 2214 40 the the DT 31627 2214 41 ground ground NN 31627 2214 42 and and CC 31627 2214 43 the the DT 31627 2214 44 relations relation NNS 31627 2214 45 of of IN 31627 2214 46 the the DT 31627 2214 47 boundaries boundary NNS 31627 2214 48 between between IN 31627 2214 49 land land NN 31627 2214 50 and and CC 31627 2214 51 sea sea NN 31627 2214 52 to to IN 31627 2214 53 those those DT 31627 2214 54 of of IN 31627 2214 55 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2214 56 chains chain NNS 31627 2214 57 , , , 31627 2214 58 evidently evidently RB 31627 2214 59 point point NN 31627 2214 60 in in IN 31627 2214 61 many many JJ 31627 2214 62 cases case NNS 31627 2214 63 to to IN 31627 2214 64 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2214 65 mutual mutual JJ 31627 2214 66 interdependence interdependence NN 31627 2214 67 . . . 31627 2215 1 The the DT 31627 2215 2 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2215 3 straightness straightness NN 31627 2215 4 of of IN 31627 2215 5 the the DT 31627 2215 6 coast coast NN 31627 2215 7 of of IN 31627 2215 8 Western Western NNP 31627 2215 9 America America NNP 31627 2215 10 , , , 31627 2215 11 and and CC 31627 2215 12 of of IN 31627 2215 13 the the DT 31627 2215 14 parallel parallel JJ 31627 2215 15 chain chain NN 31627 2215 16 of of IN 31627 2215 17 the the DT 31627 2215 18 Andes Andes NNP 31627 2215 19 , , , 31627 2215 20 affords afford VBZ 31627 2215 21 presumptive presumptive JJ 31627 2215 22 evidence evidence NN 31627 2215 23 that that IN 31627 2215 24 this this DT 31627 2215 25 line line NN 31627 2215 26 is be VBZ 31627 2215 27 coincident coincident NN 31627 2215 28 with with IN 31627 2215 29 a a DT 31627 2215 30 fracture fracture NN 31627 2215 31 or or CC 31627 2215 32 system system NN 31627 2215 33 of of IN 31627 2215 34 faults fault NNS 31627 2215 35 , , , 31627 2215 36 along along IN 31627 2215 37 which which WDT 31627 2215 38 the the DT 31627 2215 39 continent continent NN 31627 2215 40 has have VBZ 31627 2215 41 been be VBN 31627 2215 42 bodily bodily RB 31627 2215 43 raised raise VBN 31627 2215 44 out out IN 31627 2215 45 of of IN 31627 2215 46 the the DT 31627 2215 47 waters water NNS 31627 2215 48 of of IN 31627 2215 49 the the DT 31627 2215 50 ocean ocean NN 31627 2215 51 . . . 31627 2216 1 Of of IN 31627 2216 2 this this DT 31627 2216 3 elevation elevation NN 31627 2216 4 within within IN 31627 2216 5 very very RB 31627 2216 6 recent recent JJ 31627 2216 7 times time NNS 31627 2216 8 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2216 9 have have VBP 31627 2216 10 abundant abundant JJ 31627 2216 11 evidence evidence NN 31627 2216 12 in in IN 31627 2216 13 the the DT 31627 2216 14 existence existence NN 31627 2216 15 of of IN 31627 2216 16 raised raise VBN 31627 2216 17 coral coral JJ 31627 2216 18 - - HYPH 31627 2216 19 reefs reef NNS 31627 2216 20 and and CC 31627 2216 21 oceanic oceanic JJ 31627 2216 22 shell shell NN 31627 2216 23 - - HYPH 31627 2216 24 beds bed NNS 31627 2216 25 at at IN 31627 2216 26 intervals interval NNS 31627 2216 27 all all RB 31627 2216 28 along along IN 31627 2216 29 the the DT 31627 2216 30 coast coast NN 31627 2216 31 ; ; , 31627 2216 32 rising rise VBG 31627 2216 33 in in IN 31627 2216 34 Peru Peru NNP 31627 2216 35 to to IN 31627 2216 36 a a DT 31627 2216 37 level level NN 31627 2216 38 of of IN 31627 2216 39 no no DT 31627 2216 40 less less JJR 31627 2216 41 than than IN 31627 2216 42 3,000 3,000 CD 31627 2216 43 feet foot NNS 31627 2216 44 above above IN 31627 2216 45 the the DT 31627 2216 46 ocean ocean NN 31627 2216 47 , , , 31627 2216 48 as as IN 31627 2216 49 shown show VBN 31627 2216 50 by by IN 31627 2216 51 Alexander Alexander NNP 31627 2216 52 Agassiz Agassiz NNP 31627 2216 53 . . . 31627 2217 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2217 2 2 2 LS 31627 2217 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2217 4 Such such JJ 31627 2217 5 elevations elevation NNS 31627 2217 6 probably probably RB 31627 2217 7 occurred occur VBD 31627 2217 8 at at IN 31627 2217 9 a a DT 31627 2217 10 time time NN 31627 2217 11 when when WRB 31627 2217 12 the the DT 31627 2217 13 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2217 14 of of IN 31627 2217 15 the the DT 31627 2217 16 Andes Andes NNPS 31627 2217 17 were be VBD 31627 2217 18 much much RB 31627 2217 19 more more RBR 31627 2217 20 active active JJ 31627 2217 21 than than IN 31627 2217 22 at at IN 31627 2217 23 present present NN 31627 2217 24 . . . 31627 2218 1 Considered consider VBN 31627 2218 2 as as IN 31627 2218 3 a a DT 31627 2218 4 whole whole NN 31627 2218 5 , , , 31627 2218 6 these these DT 31627 2218 7 great great JJ 31627 2218 8 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2218 9 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2218 10 may may MD 31627 2218 11 be be VB 31627 2218 12 regarded regard VBN 31627 2218 13 as as IN 31627 2218 14 in in IN 31627 2218 15 a a DT 31627 2218 16 dormant dormant JJ 31627 2218 17 , , , 31627 2218 18 or or CC 31627 2218 19 partially partially RB 31627 2218 20 moribund moribund JJ 31627 2218 21 , , , 31627 2218 22 condition condition NN 31627 2218 23 ; ; , 31627 2218 24 and and CC 31627 2218 25 if if IN 31627 2218 26 the the DT 31627 2218 27 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2218 28 forces force NNS 31627 2218 29 have have VBP 31627 2218 30 to to TO 31627 2218 31 some some DT 31627 2218 32 extent extent NN 31627 2218 33 lost lose VBD 31627 2218 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2218 35 strength strength NN 31627 2218 36 , , , 31627 2218 37 so so IN 31627 2218 38 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2218 39 would would MD 31627 2218 40 appear appear VB 31627 2218 41 have have VB 31627 2218 42 those those DT 31627 2218 43 of of IN 31627 2218 44 elevation elevation NN 31627 2218 45 . . . 31627 2219 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2219 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2219 3 c. c. NNP 31627 2219 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2219 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2219 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2219 7 Areas Areas NNP 31627 2219 8 of of IN 31627 2219 9 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 2219 10 Action Action NNP 31627 2219 11 in in IN 31627 2219 12 the the DT 31627 2219 13 British british JJ 31627 2219 14 Isles._--In isles._--in NN 31627 2219 15 the the DT 31627 2219 16 case case NN 31627 2219 17 of of IN 31627 2219 18 the the DT 31627 2219 19 British british JJ 31627 2219 20 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 2219 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2219 22 may may MD 31627 2219 23 be be VB 31627 2219 24 observed observe VBN 31627 2219 25 that that IN 31627 2219 26 the the DT 31627 2219 27 later later JJ 31627 2219 28 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 2219 29 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2219 30 districts district NNS 31627 2219 31 lie lie VBP 31627 2219 32 along along IN 31627 2219 33 very very RB 31627 2219 34 ancient ancient JJ 31627 2219 35 depressions depression NNS 31627 2219 36 , , , 31627 2219 37 which which WDT 31627 2219 38 may may MD 31627 2219 39 indicate indicate VB 31627 2219 40 zones zone NNS 31627 2219 41 of of IN 31627 2219 42 weakness weakness NN 31627 2219 43 in in IN 31627 2219 44 the the DT 31627 2219 45 crust crust NN 31627 2219 46 . . . 31627 2220 1 Thus thus RB 31627 2220 2 the the DT 31627 2220 3 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 2220 4 plateau plateau NN 31627 2220 5 , , , 31627 2220 6 as as RB 31627 2220 7 originally originally RB 31627 2220 8 constituted constituted JJ 31627 2220 9 , , , 31627 2220 10 lay lie VBD 31627 2220 11 in in IN 31627 2220 12 the the DT 31627 2220 13 lap lap NN 31627 2220 14 of of IN 31627 2220 15 a a DT 31627 2220 16 range range NN 31627 2220 17 of of IN 31627 2220 18 hills hill NNS 31627 2220 19 formed form VBN 31627 2220 20 of of IN 31627 2220 21 crystalline crystalline NN 31627 2220 22 , , , 31627 2220 23 or or CC 31627 2220 24 Lower low JJR 31627 2220 25 Silurian Silurian NNP 31627 2220 26 , , , 31627 2220 27 rocks rock NNS 31627 2220 28 ; ; : 31627 2220 29 while while IN 31627 2220 30 the the DT 31627 2220 31 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2220 32 isles isle NNS 31627 2220 33 of of IN 31627 2220 34 the the DT 31627 2220 35 Inner Inner NNP 31627 2220 36 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 2220 37 were be VBD 31627 2220 38 enclosed enclose VBN 31627 2220 39 between between IN 31627 2220 40 the the DT 31627 2220 41 solid solid JJ 31627 2220 42 range range NN 31627 2220 43 of of IN 31627 2220 44 the the DT 31627 2220 45 Archæan Archæan NNP 31627 2220 46 rocks rock NNS 31627 2220 47 of of IN 31627 2220 48 the the DT 31627 2220 49 Outer Outer NNP 31627 2220 50 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 2220 51 on on IN 31627 2220 52 the the DT 31627 2220 53 one one CD 31627 2220 54 side side NN 31627 2220 55 , , , 31627 2220 56 and and CC 31627 2220 57 the the DT 31627 2220 58 Silurian Silurian NNP 31627 2220 59 and and CC 31627 2220 60 Archæan Archæan NNP 31627 2220 61 ranges range VBZ 31627 2220 62 of of IN 31627 2220 63 the the DT 31627 2220 64 mainland mainland NN 31627 2220 65 on on IN 31627 2220 66 the the DT 31627 2220 67 other other JJ 31627 2220 68 . . . 31627 2221 1 And and CC 31627 2221 2 if if IN 31627 2221 3 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2221 4 go go VBP 31627 2221 5 back back RB 31627 2221 6 to to IN 31627 2221 7 the the DT 31627 2221 8 Carboniferous carboniferous JJ 31627 2221 9 period period NN 31627 2221 10 , , , 31627 2221 11 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2221 12 find find VBP 31627 2221 13 that that IN 31627 2221 14 the the DT 31627 2221 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2221 16 district district NN 31627 2221 17 of of IN 31627 2221 18 the the DT 31627 2221 19 centre centre NN 31627 2221 20 of of IN 31627 2221 21 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 2221 22 was be VBD 31627 2221 23 bounded bound VBN 31627 2221 24 by by IN 31627 2221 25 ranges range NNS 31627 2221 26 of of IN 31627 2221 27 solid solid JJ 31627 2221 28 strata strata NN 31627 2221 29 both both DT 31627 2221 30 to to IN 31627 2221 31 the the DT 31627 2221 32 north north NN 31627 2221 33 and and CC 31627 2221 34 south south NN 31627 2221 35 , , , 31627 2221 36 where where WRB 31627 2221 37 the the DT 31627 2221 38 resistance resistance NN 31627 2221 39 to to IN 31627 2221 40 interior interior JJ 31627 2221 41 pressure pressure NN 31627 2221 42 from from IN 31627 2221 43 molten molten JJ 31627 2221 44 matter matter NN 31627 2221 45 would would MD 31627 2221 46 have have VB 31627 2221 47 been be VBN 31627 2221 48 greater great JJR 31627 2221 49 than than IN 31627 2221 50 in in IN 31627 2221 51 the the DT 31627 2221 52 Carboniferous carboniferous JJ 31627 2221 53 hollow hollow JJ 31627 2221 54 - - HYPH 31627 2221 55 ground ground NN 31627 2221 56 , , , 31627 2221 57 where where WRB 31627 2221 58 such such JJ 31627 2221 59 molten molten JJ 31627 2221 60 matter matter NN 31627 2221 61 has have VBZ 31627 2221 62 been be VBN 31627 2221 63 abundantly abundantly RB 31627 2221 64 extruded extrude VBN 31627 2221 65 . . . 31627 2222 1 In in IN 31627 2222 2 all all PDT 31627 2222 3 these these DT 31627 2222 4 cases case NNS 31627 2222 5 , , , 31627 2222 6 the the DT 31627 2222 7 outflow outflow NN 31627 2222 8 of of IN 31627 2222 9 molten molten JJ 31627 2222 10 matter matter NN 31627 2222 11 was be VBD 31627 2222 12 in in IN 31627 2222 13 a a DT 31627 2222 14 direction direction NN 31627 2222 15 somewhat somewhat RB 31627 2222 16 parallel parallel JJ 31627 2222 17 to to IN 31627 2222 18 the the DT 31627 2222 19 plications plication NNS 31627 2222 20 of of IN 31627 2222 21 the the DT 31627 2222 22 strata strata NN 31627 2222 23 . . . 31627 2223 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2223 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2223 3 d. d. NNP 31627 2223 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2223 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2223 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2223 7 Special Special NNP 31627 2223 8 Conditions Conditions NNPS 31627 2223 9 under under IN 31627 2223 10 which which WDT 31627 2223 11 the the DT 31627 2223 12 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 2223 13 Action Action NNP 31627 2223 14 operates._--Assuming operates._--assuming NN 31627 2223 15 , , , 31627 2223 16 then then RB 31627 2223 17 , , , 31627 2223 18 that that IN 31627 2223 19 the the DT 31627 2223 20 molten molten JJ 31627 2223 21 matter matter NN 31627 2223 22 , , , 31627 2223 23 forming form VBG 31627 2223 24 an an DT 31627 2223 25 interior interior JJ 31627 2223 26 magma magma NN 31627 2223 27 or or CC 31627 2223 28 shell shell NNP 31627 2223 29 , , , 31627 2223 30 is be VBZ 31627 2223 31 constantly constantly RB 31627 2223 32 exerting exert VBG 31627 2223 33 pressure pressure NN 31627 2223 34 against against IN 31627 2223 35 the the DT 31627 2223 36 inner inner JJ 31627 2223 37 surface surface NN 31627 2223 38 of of IN 31627 2223 39 the the DT 31627 2223 40 solid solid JJ 31627 2223 41 crust crust NN 31627 2223 42 , , , 31627 2223 43 and and CC 31627 2223 44 can can MD 31627 2223 45 only only RB 31627 2223 46 escape escape VB 31627 2223 47 where where WRB 31627 2223 48 the the DT 31627 2223 49 crust crust NN 31627 2223 50 is be VBZ 31627 2223 51 too too RB 31627 2223 52 weak weak JJ 31627 2223 53 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2223 54 owing owe VBG 31627 2223 55 to to IN 31627 2223 56 faults fault NNS 31627 2223 57 , , , 31627 2223 58 plications plication NNS 31627 2223 59 , , , 31627 2223 60 or or CC 31627 2223 61 fissures fissure VBZ 31627 2223 62 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2223 63 to to TO 31627 2223 64 resist resist VB 31627 2223 65 the the DT 31627 2223 66 pressure pressure NN 31627 2223 67 , , , 31627 2223 68 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2223 69 have have VBP 31627 2223 70 to to TO 31627 2223 71 inquire inquire VB 31627 2223 72 what what WP 31627 2223 73 are be VBP 31627 2223 74 the the DT 31627 2223 75 special special JJ 31627 2223 76 conditions condition NNS 31627 2223 77 under under IN 31627 2223 78 which which WDT 31627 2223 79 outbursts outburst NNS 31627 2223 80 of of IN 31627 2223 81 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2223 82 matter matter NN 31627 2223 83 take take VB 31627 2223 84 place place NN 31627 2223 85 , , , 31627 2223 86 and and CC 31627 2223 87 what what WP 31627 2223 88 are be VBP 31627 2223 89 the the DT 31627 2223 90 general general JJ 31627 2223 91 results result NNS 31627 2223 92 as as IN 31627 2223 93 regards regard VBZ 31627 2223 94 the the DT 31627 2223 95 nature nature NN 31627 2223 96 of of IN 31627 2223 97 the the DT 31627 2223 98 _ _ NNP 31627 2223 99 ejecta ejecta NNP 31627 2223 100 _ _ NNP 31627 2223 101 dependent dependent JJ 31627 2223 102 on on IN 31627 2223 103 those those DT 31627 2223 104 conditions condition NNS 31627 2223 105 . . . 31627 2224 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2224 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2224 3 e. e. NNP 31627 2224 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2224 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2224 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2224 7 Effect Effect NNP 31627 2224 8 of of IN 31627 2224 9 the the DT 31627 2224 10 Presence Presence NNP 31627 2224 11 or or CC 31627 2224 12 Absence absence NN 31627 2224 13 of of IN 31627 2224 14 Water._--The water._--the CD 31627 2224 15 two two CD 31627 2224 16 chief chief JJ 31627 2224 17 conditions condition NNS 31627 2224 18 determining determine VBG 31627 2224 19 the the DT 31627 2224 20 nature nature NN 31627 2224 21 of of IN 31627 2224 22 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2224 23 products product NNS 31627 2224 24 , , , 31627 2224 25 considered consider VBN 31627 2224 26 in in IN 31627 2224 27 the the DT 31627 2224 28 mass mass NN 31627 2224 29 , , , 31627 2224 30 are be VBP 31627 2224 31 the the DT 31627 2224 32 presence presence NN 31627 2224 33 or or CC 31627 2224 34 absence absence NN 31627 2224 35 of of IN 31627 2224 36 water water NN 31627 2224 37 . . . 31627 2225 1 Such such JJ 31627 2225 2 presence presence NN 31627 2225 3 or or CC 31627 2225 4 absence absence NN 31627 2225 5 does do VBZ 31627 2225 6 not not RB 31627 2225 7 of of RB 31627 2225 8 course course NN 31627 2225 9 affect affect VB 31627 2225 10 the the DT 31627 2225 11 essential essential JJ 31627 2225 12 chemical chemical NN 31627 2225 13 composition composition NN 31627 2225 14 of of IN 31627 2225 15 the the DT 31627 2225 16 _ _ NNP 31627 2225 17 ejecta ejecta NNP 31627 2225 18 _ _ NNP 31627 2225 19 , , , 31627 2225 20 but but CC 31627 2225 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2225 22 materially materially RB 31627 2225 23 influences influence VBZ 31627 2225 24 the the DT 31627 2225 25 form form NN 31627 2225 26 in in IN 31627 2225 27 which which WDT 31627 2225 28 the the DT 31627 2225 29 matter matter NN 31627 2225 30 is be VBZ 31627 2225 31 erupted erupt VBN 31627 2225 32 . . . 31627 2226 1 The the DT 31627 2226 2 agency agency NN 31627 2226 3 of of IN 31627 2226 4 water water NN 31627 2226 5 in in IN 31627 2226 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2226 7 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2226 8 is be VBZ 31627 2226 9 a a DT 31627 2226 10 very very RB 31627 2226 11 interesting interesting JJ 31627 2226 12 and and CC 31627 2226 13 important important JJ 31627 2226 14 subject subject NN 31627 2226 15 in in IN 31627 2226 16 connection connection NN 31627 2226 17 with with IN 31627 2226 18 the the DT 31627 2226 19 history history NN 31627 2226 20 of of IN 31627 2226 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2226 22 action action NN 31627 2226 23 , , , 31627 2226 24 and and CC 31627 2226 25 has have VBZ 31627 2226 26 been be VBN 31627 2226 27 ably ably RB 31627 2226 28 treated treat VBN 31627 2226 29 by by IN 31627 2226 30 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2226 31 Prestwich Prestwich NNP 31627 2226 32 . . . 31627 2227 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2227 2 3 3 LS 31627 2227 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2227 4 At at IN 31627 2227 5 one one CD 31627 2227 6 time time NN 31627 2227 7 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2227 8 was be VBD 31627 2227 9 considered consider VBN 31627 2227 10 that that DT 31627 2227 11 water water NN 31627 2227 12 was be VBD 31627 2227 13 essential essential JJ 31627 2227 14 to to TO 31627 2227 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2227 16 activity activity NN 31627 2227 17 ; ; : 31627 2227 18 and and CC 31627 2227 19 the the DT 31627 2227 20 fact fact NN 31627 2227 21 that that IN 31627 2227 22 the the DT 31627 2227 23 great great JJ 31627 2227 24 majority majority NN 31627 2227 25 of of IN 31627 2227 26 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2227 27 cones cone NNS 31627 2227 28 are be VBP 31627 2227 29 situated situate VBN 31627 2227 30 in in IN 31627 2227 31 the the DT 31627 2227 32 vicinity vicinity NN 31627 2227 33 of of IN 31627 2227 34 the the DT 31627 2227 35 oceanic oceanic JJ 31627 2227 36 waters water NNS 31627 2227 37 , , , 31627 2227 38 or or CC 31627 2227 39 of of IN 31627 2227 40 inland inland NN 31627 2227 41 seas sea NNS 31627 2227 42 , , , 31627 2227 43 was be VBD 31627 2227 44 pointed point VBN 31627 2227 45 to to IN 31627 2227 46 in in IN 31627 2227 47 confirmation confirmation NN 31627 2227 48 of of IN 31627 2227 49 this this DT 31627 2227 50 theory theory NN 31627 2227 51 . . . 31627 2228 1 But but CC 31627 2228 2 the the DT 31627 2228 3 existence existence NN 31627 2228 4 in in IN 31627 2228 5 Western Western NNP 31627 2228 6 America America NNP 31627 2228 7 and and CC 31627 2228 8 other other JJ 31627 2228 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2228 10 countries country NNS 31627 2228 11 of of IN 31627 2228 12 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2228 13 of of IN 31627 2228 14 eruption eruption NN 31627 2228 15 along along IN 31627 2228 16 which which WDT 31627 2228 17 molten molten JJ 31627 2228 18 lava lava NN 31627 2228 19 has have VBZ 31627 2228 20 been be VBN 31627 2228 21 extruded extrude VBN 31627 2228 22 without without IN 31627 2228 23 explosions explosion NNS 31627 2228 24 of of IN 31627 2228 25 steam steam NN 31627 2228 26 , , , 31627 2228 27 shows show VBZ 31627 2228 28 that that IN 31627 2228 29 water water NN 31627 2228 30 is be VBZ 31627 2228 31 not not RB 31627 2228 32 an an DT 31627 2228 33 essential essential JJ 31627 2228 34 factor factor NN 31627 2228 35 in in IN 31627 2228 36 the the DT 31627 2228 37 production production NN 31627 2228 38 of of IN 31627 2228 39 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2228 40 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2228 41 ; ; : 31627 2228 42 and and CC 31627 2228 43 , , , 31627 2228 44 as as IN 31627 2228 45 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2228 46 Prestwich Prestwich NNP 31627 2228 47 has have VBZ 31627 2228 48 clearly clearly RB 31627 2228 49 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 31627 2228 50 , , , 31627 2228 51 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2228 52 is be VBZ 31627 2228 53 to to TO 31627 2228 54 be be VB 31627 2228 55 regarded regard VBN 31627 2228 56 as as IN 31627 2228 57 an an DT 31627 2228 58 element element NN 31627 2228 59 in in IN 31627 2228 60 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2228 61 explosions explosion NNS 31627 2228 62 , , , 31627 2228 63 rather rather RB 31627 2228 64 than than IN 31627 2228 65 as as IN 31627 2228 66 a a DT 31627 2228 67 prime prime JJ 31627 2228 68 cause cause NN 31627 2228 69 of of IN 31627 2228 70 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2228 71 action action NN 31627 2228 72 . . . 31627 2229 1 The the DT 31627 2229 2 main main JJ 31627 2229 3 difficulty difficulty NN 31627 2229 4 he -PRON- PRP 31627 2229 5 shows show VBZ 31627 2229 6 to to TO 31627 2229 7 be be VB 31627 2229 8 thermo thermo JJ 31627 2229 9 - - HYPH 31627 2229 10 dynamical dynamical JJ 31627 2229 11 ; ; : 31627 2229 12 and and CC 31627 2229 13 calculating calculate VBG 31627 2229 14 the the DT 31627 2229 15 rate rate NN 31627 2229 16 of of IN 31627 2229 17 increase increase NN 31627 2229 18 in in IN 31627 2229 19 the the DT 31627 2229 20 elastic elastic JJ 31627 2229 21 force force NN 31627 2229 22 of of IN 31627 2229 23 steam steam NN 31627 2229 24 on on IN 31627 2229 25 descending descend VBG 31627 2229 26 to to IN 31627 2229 27 greater great JJR 31627 2229 28 and and CC 31627 2229 29 greater great JJR 31627 2229 30 depths depth NNS 31627 2229 31 and and CC 31627 2229 32 reaching reach VBG 31627 2229 33 strata strata NN 31627 2229 34 of of IN 31627 2229 35 higher high JJR 31627 2229 36 and and CC 31627 2229 37 higher high JJR 31627 2229 38 temperatures temperature NNS 31627 2229 39 , , , 31627 2229 40 as as IN 31627 2229 41 compared compare VBN 31627 2229 42 with with IN 31627 2229 43 the the DT 31627 2229 44 force force NN 31627 2229 45 of of IN 31627 2229 46 capillarity capillarity NN 31627 2229 47 , , , 31627 2229 48 he -PRON- PRP 31627 2229 49 comes come VBZ 31627 2229 50 to to IN 31627 2229 51 the the DT 31627 2229 52 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 2229 53 that that IN 31627 2229 54 water water NN 31627 2229 55 can can MD 31627 2229 56 not not RB 31627 2229 57 penetrate penetrate VB 31627 2229 58 to to IN 31627 2229 59 depths depth NNS 31627 2229 60 of of IN 31627 2229 61 more more JJR 31627 2229 62 than than IN 31627 2229 63 seven seven CD 31627 2229 64 or or CC 31627 2229 65 eight eight CD 31627 2229 66 miles mile NNS 31627 2229 67 , , , 31627 2229 68 and and CC 31627 2229 69 therefore therefore RB 31627 2229 70 can can MD 31627 2229 71 not not RB 31627 2229 72 reach reach VB 31627 2229 73 the the DT 31627 2229 74 seat seat NN 31627 2229 75 of of IN 31627 2229 76 the the DT 31627 2229 77 eruptive eruptive JJ 31627 2229 78 forces force NNS 31627 2229 79 . . . 31627 2230 1 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2230 2 Prestwich Prestwich NNP 31627 2230 3 also also RB 31627 2230 4 points point VBZ 31627 2230 5 out out RP 31627 2230 6 that that IN 31627 2230 7 if if IN 31627 2230 8 the the DT 31627 2230 9 extrusion extrusion NN 31627 2230 10 of of IN 31627 2230 11 lava lava NN 31627 2230 12 were be VBD 31627 2230 13 due due JJ 31627 2230 14 to to IN 31627 2230 15 the the DT 31627 2230 16 elastic elastic JJ 31627 2230 17 force force NN 31627 2230 18 of of IN 31627 2230 19 vapour vapour NN 31627 2230 20 of of IN 31627 2230 21 water water NN 31627 2230 22 there there EX 31627 2230 23 should should MD 31627 2230 24 be be VB 31627 2230 25 a a DT 31627 2230 26 distinct distinct JJ 31627 2230 27 relation relation NN 31627 2230 28 between between IN 31627 2230 29 the the DT 31627 2230 30 discharge discharge NN 31627 2230 31 of of IN 31627 2230 32 the the DT 31627 2230 33 lava lava NN 31627 2230 34 and and CC 31627 2230 35 of of IN 31627 2230 36 the the DT 31627 2230 37 vapour vapour NN 31627 2230 38 ; ; : 31627 2230 39 whereas whereas IN 31627 2230 40 the the DT 31627 2230 41 result result NN 31627 2230 42 of of IN 31627 2230 43 an an DT 31627 2230 44 examination examination NN 31627 2230 45 of of IN 31627 2230 46 a a DT 31627 2230 47 number number NN 31627 2230 48 of of IN 31627 2230 49 well well RB 31627 2230 50 - - HYPH 31627 2230 51 recorded record VBN 31627 2230 52 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2230 53 shows show VBZ 31627 2230 54 that that IN 31627 2230 55 the the DT 31627 2230 56 two two CD 31627 2230 57 operations operation NNS 31627 2230 58 are be VBP 31627 2230 59 not not RB 31627 2230 60 related relate VBN 31627 2230 61 , , , 31627 2230 62 and and CC 31627 2230 63 are be VBP 31627 2230 64 , , , 31627 2230 65 in in IN 31627 2230 66 fact fact NN 31627 2230 67 , , , 31627 2230 68 perfectly perfectly RB 31627 2230 69 independent independent JJ 31627 2230 70 . . . 31627 2231 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 31627 2231 2 there there EX 31627 2231 3 has have VBZ 31627 2231 4 been be VBN 31627 2231 5 a a DT 31627 2231 6 large large JJ 31627 2231 7 discharge discharge NN 31627 2231 8 of of IN 31627 2231 9 lava lava NN 31627 2231 10 , , , 31627 2231 11 and and CC 31627 2231 12 little little JJ 31627 2231 13 or or CC 31627 2231 14 no no DT 31627 2231 15 escape escape NN 31627 2231 16 of of IN 31627 2231 17 steam steam NN 31627 2231 18 ; ; : 31627 2231 19 at at IN 31627 2231 20 other other JJ 31627 2231 21 times time NNS 31627 2231 22 there there EX 31627 2231 23 have have VBP 31627 2231 24 been be VBN 31627 2231 25 paroxysmal paroxysmal JJ 31627 2231 26 explosive explosive JJ 31627 2231 27 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2231 28 with with IN 31627 2231 29 little little JJ 31627 2231 30 discharge discharge NN 31627 2231 31 of of IN 31627 2231 32 lava lava NN 31627 2231 33 . . . 31627 2232 1 Even even RB 31627 2232 2 in in IN 31627 2232 3 the the DT 31627 2232 4 case case NN 31627 2232 5 of of IN 31627 2232 6 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 2232 7 , , , 31627 2232 8 which which WDT 31627 2232 9 is be VBZ 31627 2232 10 close close JJ 31627 2232 11 to to IN 31627 2232 12 the the DT 31627 2232 13 sea sea NN 31627 2232 14 , , , 31627 2232 15 there there EX 31627 2232 16 have have VBP 31627 2232 17 been be VBN 31627 2232 18 instances instance NNS 31627 2232 19 when when WRB 31627 2232 20 the the DT 31627 2232 21 lava lava NN 31627 2232 22 has have VBZ 31627 2232 23 welled well VBN 31627 2232 24 out out RP 31627 2232 25 almost almost RB 31627 2232 26 with with IN 31627 2232 27 the the DT 31627 2232 28 tranquillity tranquillity NN 31627 2232 29 of of IN 31627 2232 30 a a DT 31627 2232 31 water water NN 31627 2232 32 - - HYPH 31627 2232 33 spring spring NN 31627 2232 34 . . . 31627 2233 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2233 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2233 3 f. f. NNP 31627 2233 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2233 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2233 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2233 7 Access Access NNP 31627 2233 8 of of IN 31627 2233 9 Surface Surface NNP 31627 2233 10 Water Water NNP 31627 2233 11 to to IN 31627 2233 12 Molten Molten NNP 31627 2233 13 Lava Lava NNP 31627 2233 14 during during IN 31627 2233 15 Eruptions._--The eruptions._--the CD 31627 2233 16 existence existence NN 31627 2233 17 of of IN 31627 2233 18 water water NN 31627 2233 19 during during IN 31627 2233 20 certain certain JJ 31627 2233 21 stages stage NNS 31627 2233 22 in in IN 31627 2233 23 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2233 24 is be VBZ 31627 2233 25 too too RB 31627 2233 26 frequent frequent JJ 31627 2233 27 a a DT 31627 2233 28 phenomena phenomena NN 31627 2233 29 to to TO 31627 2233 30 be be VB 31627 2233 31 lost lose VBN 31627 2233 32 sight sight NN 31627 2233 33 of of IN 31627 2233 34 ; ; : 31627 2233 35 but but CC 31627 2233 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2233 37 presence presence NN 31627 2233 38 may may MD 31627 2233 39 be be VB 31627 2233 40 accounted account VBN 31627 2233 41 for for IN 31627 2233 42 in in IN 31627 2233 43 other other JJ 31627 2233 44 ways way NNS 31627 2233 45 , , , 31627 2233 46 besides besides IN 31627 2233 47 proximity proximity NN 31627 2233 48 to to IN 31627 2233 49 the the DT 31627 2233 50 sea sea NN 31627 2233 51 or or CC 31627 2233 52 ocean ocean NN 31627 2233 53 . . . 31627 2234 1 Certain certain JJ 31627 2234 2 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2234 3 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2234 4 , , , 31627 2234 5 such such JJ 31627 2234 6 as as IN 31627 2234 7 Etna Etna NNP 31627 2234 8 and and CC 31627 2234 9 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 2234 10 , , , 31627 2234 11 are be VBP 31627 2234 12 built build VBN 31627 2234 13 upon upon IN 31627 2234 14 water water NN 31627 2234 15 - - HYPH 31627 2234 16 bearing bear VBG 31627 2234 17 strata strata NN 31627 2234 18 , , , 31627 2234 19 receiving receive VBG 31627 2234 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2234 21 supplies supply NNS 31627 2234 22 from from IN 31627 2234 23 the the DT 31627 2234 24 rainfall rainfall NN 31627 2234 25 of of IN 31627 2234 26 the the DT 31627 2234 27 surrounding surround VBG 31627 2234 28 country country NN 31627 2234 29 , , , 31627 2234 30 or or CC 31627 2234 31 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 2234 32 partly partly RB 31627 2234 33 from from IN 31627 2234 34 the the DT 31627 2234 35 sea sea NN 31627 2234 36 . . . 31627 2235 1 In in IN 31627 2235 2 addition addition NN 31627 2235 3 to to IN 31627 2235 4 this this DT 31627 2235 5 the the DT 31627 2235 6 ashes ashe NNS 31627 2235 7 and and CC 31627 2235 8 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 2235 9 of of IN 31627 2235 10 the the DT 31627 2235 11 mountain mountain NN 31627 2235 12 sides side NNS 31627 2235 13 are be VBP 31627 2235 14 highly highly RB 31627 2235 15 porous porous JJ 31627 2235 16 , , , 31627 2235 17 and and CC 31627 2235 18 rain rain NN 31627 2235 19 or or CC 31627 2235 20 snow snow NN 31627 2235 21 can can MD 31627 2235 22 penetrate penetrate VB 31627 2235 23 and and CC 31627 2235 24 settle settle VB 31627 2235 25 downwards downwards RB 31627 2235 26 around around IN 31627 2235 27 the the DT 31627 2235 28 pipe pipe NN 31627 2235 29 or or CC 31627 2235 30 throat throat NN 31627 2235 31 through through IN 31627 2235 32 which which WDT 31627 2235 33 molten molten JJ 31627 2235 34 lava lava NN 31627 2235 35 wells well NNS 31627 2235 36 up up RP 31627 2235 37 from from IN 31627 2235 38 beneath beneath NNP 31627 2235 39 . . . 31627 2236 1 In in IN 31627 2236 2 such such JJ 31627 2236 3 cases case NNS 31627 2236 4 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2236 5 is be VBZ 31627 2236 6 easy easy JJ 31627 2236 7 to to TO 31627 2236 8 understand understand VB 31627 2236 9 how how WRB 31627 2236 10 , , , 31627 2236 11 at at IN 31627 2236 12 the the DT 31627 2236 13 commencement commencement NN 31627 2236 14 of of IN 31627 2236 15 a a DT 31627 2236 16 period period NN 31627 2236 17 of of IN 31627 2236 18 activity activity NN 31627 2236 19 , , , 31627 2236 20 molten molten JJ 31627 2236 21 lava lava NN 31627 2236 22 ascending ascend VBG 31627 2236 23 through through IN 31627 2236 24 one one CD 31627 2236 25 or or CC 31627 2236 26 more more JJR 31627 2236 27 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2236 28 , , , 31627 2236 29 and and CC 31627 2236 30 meeting meet VBG 31627 2236 31 with with IN 31627 2236 32 water water NN 31627 2236 33 - - HYPH 31627 2236 34 charged charge VBN 31627 2236 35 strata strata NN 31627 2236 36 or or CC 31627 2236 37 scoriæ scoriæ NN 31627 2236 38 , , , 31627 2236 39 will will MD 31627 2236 40 convert convert VB 31627 2236 41 the the DT 31627 2236 42 water water NN 31627 2236 43 into into IN 31627 2236 44 steam steam NN 31627 2236 45 at at IN 31627 2236 46 high high JJ 31627 2236 47 pressure pressure NN 31627 2236 48 , , , 31627 2236 49 resulting result VBG 31627 2236 50 in in IN 31627 2236 51 explosions explosion NNS 31627 2236 52 more more RBR 31627 2236 53 or or CC 31627 2236 54 less less RBR 31627 2236 55 violent violent JJ 31627 2236 56 and and CC 31627 2236 57 prolonged prolonged JJ 31627 2236 58 , , , 31627 2236 59 in in IN 31627 2236 60 proportion proportion NN 31627 2236 61 to to IN 31627 2236 62 the the DT 31627 2236 63 quantity quantity NN 31627 2236 64 of of IN 31627 2236 65 water water NN 31627 2236 66 and and CC 31627 2236 67 the the DT 31627 2236 68 depth depth NN 31627 2236 69 to to TO 31627 2236 70 which which WDT 31627 2236 71 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2236 72 has have VBZ 31627 2236 73 penetrated penetrate VBN 31627 2236 74 . . . 31627 2237 1 In in IN 31627 2237 2 this this DT 31627 2237 3 manner manner NN 31627 2237 4 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2237 5 may may MD 31627 2237 6 suppose suppose VB 31627 2237 7 that that IN 31627 2237 8 ashes ashe NNS 31627 2237 9 , , , 31627 2237 10 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 2237 11 , , , 31627 2237 12 and and CC 31627 2237 13 blocks block NNS 31627 2237 14 of of IN 31627 2237 15 rock rock NN 31627 2237 16 torn tear VBN 31627 2237 17 from from IN 31627 2237 18 the the DT 31627 2237 19 sides side NNS 31627 2237 20 of of IN 31627 2237 21 the the DT 31627 2237 22 crater crater NN 31627 2237 23 - - HYPH 31627 2237 24 throat throat NN 31627 2237 25 , , , 31627 2237 26 and and CC 31627 2237 27 hurled hurl VBD 31627 2237 28 into into IN 31627 2237 29 the the DT 31627 2237 30 air air NN 31627 2237 31 , , , 31627 2237 32 are be VBP 31627 2237 33 piled pile VBN 31627 2237 34 around around RP 31627 2237 35 the the DT 31627 2237 36 vent vent NN 31627 2237 37 , , , 31627 2237 38 and and CC 31627 2237 39 accumulate accumulate VBP 31627 2237 40 into into IN 31627 2237 41 hills hill NNS 31627 2237 42 or or CC 31627 2237 43 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2237 44 of of IN 31627 2237 45 conical conical JJ 31627 2237 46 form form NN 31627 2237 47 . . . 31627 2238 1 After after IN 31627 2238 2 the the DT 31627 2238 3 explosion explosion NN 31627 2238 4 has have VBZ 31627 2238 5 exhausted exhaust VBN 31627 2238 6 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 2238 7 , , , 31627 2238 8 the the DT 31627 2238 9 molten molten JJ 31627 2238 10 lava lava NN 31627 2238 11 quietly quietly RB 31627 2238 12 wells well VBZ 31627 2238 13 up up RP 31627 2238 14 and and CC 31627 2238 15 fills fill VBZ 31627 2238 16 the the DT 31627 2238 17 crater crater NN 31627 2238 18 , , , 31627 2238 19 as as IN 31627 2238 20 in in IN 31627 2238 21 the the DT 31627 2238 22 cases case NNS 31627 2238 23 of of IN 31627 2238 24 those those DT 31627 2238 25 of of IN 31627 2238 26 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 2238 27 and and CC 31627 2238 28 Syria Syria NNP 31627 2238 29 , , , 31627 2238 30 and and CC 31627 2238 31 other other JJ 31627 2238 32 places place NNS 31627 2238 33 . . . 31627 2239 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 2239 2 may may MD 31627 2239 3 , , , 31627 2239 4 therefore therefore RB 31627 2239 5 , , , 31627 2239 6 adopt adopt VB 31627 2239 7 the the DT 31627 2239 8 general general JJ 31627 2239 9 principle principle NN 31627 2239 10 that that IN 31627 2239 11 in in IN 31627 2239 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2239 13 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2239 14 _ _ NNP 31627 2239 15 where where WRB 31627 2239 16 water water NN 31627 2239 17 in in IN 31627 2239 18 large large JJ 31627 2239 19 quantities quantity NNS 31627 2239 20 is be VBZ 31627 2239 21 present present JJ 31627 2239 22 , , , 31627 2239 23 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2239 24 shall shall MD 31627 2239 25 have have VB 31627 2239 26 crater crater NN 31627 2239 27 - - HYPH 31627 2239 28 cones cone NNS 31627 2239 29 built build VBN 31627 2239 30 up up RP 31627 2239 31 of of IN 31627 2239 32 ashes ashe NNS 31627 2239 33 , , , 31627 2239 34 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 2239 35 , , , 31627 2239 36 and and CC 31627 2239 37 pumice pumice NN 31627 2239 38 ; ; , 31627 2239 39 but but CC 31627 2239 40 where where WRB 31627 2239 41 absent absent JJ 31627 2239 42 , , , 31627 2239 43 the the DT 31627 2239 44 lava lava NN 31627 2239 45 will will MD 31627 2239 46 be be VB 31627 2239 47 extravasated extravasate VBN 31627 2239 48 in in IN 31627 2239 49 sheets sheet NNS 31627 2239 50 to to IN 31627 2239 51 greater great JJR 31627 2239 52 or or CC 31627 2239 53 less less JJR 31627 2239 54 distances distance NNS 31627 2239 55 without without IN 31627 2239 56 the the DT 31627 2239 57 formation formation NN 31627 2239 58 of of IN 31627 2239 59 such such JJ 31627 2239 60 cones cone NNS 31627 2239 61 ; ; : 31627 2239 62 or or CC 31627 2239 63 if if IN 31627 2239 64 cones cone NNS 31627 2239 65 are be VBP 31627 2239 66 fanned fan VBN 31627 2239 67 , , , 31627 2239 68 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2239 69 will will MD 31627 2239 70 be be VB 31627 2239 71 composed compose VBN 31627 2239 72 of of IN 31627 2239 73 solidified solidify VBN 31627 2239 74 lava lava NN 31627 2239 75 only only RB 31627 2239 76 , , , 31627 2239 77 easily easily RB 31627 2239 78 distinguishable distinguishable JJ 31627 2239 79 from from IN 31627 2239 80 crater crater NN 31627 2239 81 - - HYPH 31627 2239 82 cones cone NNS 31627 2239 83 of of IN 31627 2239 84 the the DT 31627 2239 85 first first JJ 31627 2239 86 class class NN 31627 2239 87 _ _ NN 31627 2239 88 . . . 31627 2240 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2240 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2240 3 g. g. NNP 31627 2240 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2240 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2240 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2240 7 Nature Nature NNP 31627 2240 8 of of IN 31627 2240 9 the the DT 31627 2240 10 Interior Interior NNP 31627 2240 11 Reservoir Reservoir NNP 31627 2240 12 from from IN 31627 2240 13 which which WDT 31627 2240 14 Lavas Lavas NNP 31627 2240 15 are be VBP 31627 2240 16 derived._--We derived._--We NNS 31627 2240 17 have have VBP 31627 2240 18 now now RB 31627 2240 19 to to TO 31627 2240 20 consider consider VB 31627 2240 21 the the DT 31627 2240 22 nature nature NN 31627 2240 23 of of IN 31627 2240 24 the the DT 31627 2240 25 interior interior JJ 31627 2240 26 reservoir reservoir NN 31627 2240 27 from from IN 31627 2240 28 which which WDT 31627 2240 29 lavas lava NNS 31627 2240 30 are be VBP 31627 2240 31 derived derive VBN 31627 2240 32 , , , 31627 2240 33 and and CC 31627 2240 34 the the DT 31627 2240 35 physical physical JJ 31627 2240 36 conditions condition NNS 31627 2240 37 necessary necessary JJ 31627 2240 38 for for IN 31627 2240 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2240 40 eruption eruption NN 31627 2240 41 at at IN 31627 2240 42 the the DT 31627 2240 43 surface surface NN 31627 2240 44 . . . 31627 2241 1 Without without IN 31627 2241 2 going go VBG 31627 2241 3 back back RB 31627 2241 4 to to IN 31627 2241 5 the the DT 31627 2241 6 question question NN 31627 2241 7 of of IN 31627 2241 8 the the DT 31627 2241 9 original original JJ 31627 2241 10 condition condition NN 31627 2241 11 of of IN 31627 2241 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2241 13 globe globe NN 31627 2241 14 , , , 31627 2241 15 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2241 16 may may MD 31627 2241 17 safely safely RB 31627 2241 18 hold hold VB 31627 2241 19 the the DT 31627 2241 20 view view NN 31627 2241 21 that that IN 31627 2241 22 at at IN 31627 2241 23 a a DT 31627 2241 24 very very RB 31627 2241 25 early early JJ 31627 2241 26 period period NN 31627 2241 27 of of IN 31627 2241 28 geological geological JJ 31627 2241 29 history history NN 31627 2241 30 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2241 31 consisted consist VBD 31627 2241 32 of of IN 31627 2241 33 a a DT 31627 2241 34 solidified solidify VBN 31627 2241 35 crust crust NN 31627 2241 36 at at IN 31627 2241 37 a a DT 31627 2241 38 high high JJ 31627 2241 39 temperature temperature NN 31627 2241 40 , , , 31627 2241 41 enfolding enfold VBG 31627 2241 42 a a DT 31627 2241 43 globe globe NN 31627 2241 44 of of IN 31627 2241 45 molten molten JJ 31627 2241 46 matter matter NN 31627 2241 47 at at IN 31627 2241 48 a a DT 31627 2241 49 still still RB 31627 2241 50 higher high JJR 31627 2241 51 temperature temperature NN 31627 2241 52 . . . 31627 2242 1 As as IN 31627 2242 2 time time NN 31627 2242 3 went go VBD 31627 2242 4 on on RP 31627 2242 5 , , , 31627 2242 6 and and CC 31627 2242 7 the the DT 31627 2242 8 heat heat NN 31627 2242 9 radiated radiate VBD 31627 2242 10 into into IN 31627 2242 11 space space NN 31627 2242 12 from from IN 31627 2242 13 the the DT 31627 2242 14 surface surface NN 31627 2242 15 of of IN 31627 2242 16 the the DT 31627 2242 17 globe globe NN 31627 2242 18 , , , 31627 2242 19 while while IN 31627 2242 20 at at IN 31627 2242 21 the the DT 31627 2242 22 same same JJ 31627 2242 23 time time NN 31627 2242 24 slowly slowly RB 31627 2242 25 ascending ascend VBG 31627 2242 26 from from IN 31627 2242 27 the the DT 31627 2242 28 interior interior NNP 31627 2242 29 by by IN 31627 2242 30 conduction conduction NN 31627 2242 31 , , , 31627 2242 32 the the DT 31627 2242 33 crust crust NN 31627 2242 34 necessarily necessarily RB 31627 2242 35 contracted contract VBN 31627 2242 36 , , , 31627 2242 37 and and CC 31627 2242 38 pressing press VBG 31627 2242 39 more more JJR 31627 2242 40 and and CC 31627 2242 41 more more RBR 31627 2242 42 on on IN 31627 2242 43 the the DT 31627 2242 44 interior interior JJ 31627 2242 45 molten molten JJ 31627 2242 46 magma magma NNP 31627 2242 47 , , , 31627 2242 48 this this DT 31627 2242 49 latter latter NN 31627 2242 50 was be VBD 31627 2242 51 forced force VBN 31627 2242 52 from from IN 31627 2242 53 time time NN 31627 2242 54 to to IN 31627 2242 55 time time NN 31627 2242 56 to to TO 31627 2242 57 break break VB 31627 2242 58 through through IN 31627 2242 59 the the DT 31627 2242 60 contracting contracting NN 31627 2242 61 crust crust NN 31627 2242 62 along along IN 31627 2242 63 zones zone NNS 31627 2242 64 of of IN 31627 2242 65 weakness weakness NN 31627 2242 66 or or CC 31627 2242 67 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2242 68 . . . 31627 2243 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2243 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2243 3 h. h. NNP 31627 2243 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2243 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2243 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2243 7 The the DT 31627 2243 8 Earth Earth NNP 31627 2243 9 's 's POS 31627 2243 10 Crust crust NN 31627 2243 11 in in IN 31627 2243 12 a a DT 31627 2243 13 State state NN 31627 2243 14 of of IN 31627 2243 15 both both DT 31627 2243 16 Exterior Exterior NNP 31627 2243 17 Thrust Thrust NNP 31627 2243 18 and and CC 31627 2243 19 of of IN 31627 2243 20 Interior Interior NNP 31627 2243 21 Tension._--As tension._--as NN 31627 2243 22 has have VBZ 31627 2243 23 been be VBN 31627 2243 24 shown show VBN 31627 2243 25 by by IN 31627 2243 26 Hopkins,[4 Hopkins,[4 NNP 31627 2243 27 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2243 28 and and CC 31627 2243 29 more more RBR 31627 2243 30 recently recently RB 31627 2243 31 by by IN 31627 2243 32 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 2243 33 Davison,[5 Davison,[5 NNP 31627 2243 34 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2243 35 an an DT 31627 2243 36 exterior exterior JJ 31627 2243 37 crust crust NN 31627 2243 38 in in IN 31627 2243 39 such such PDT 31627 2243 40 a a DT 31627 2243 41 condition condition NN 31627 2243 42 must must MD 31627 2243 43 eventually eventually RB 31627 2243 44 result result VB 31627 2243 45 in in IN 31627 2243 46 being be VBG 31627 2243 47 under under IN 31627 2243 48 a a DT 31627 2243 49 state state NN 31627 2243 50 of of IN 31627 2243 51 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 2243 52 thrust thrust NN 31627 2243 53 towards towards IN 31627 2243 54 the the DT 31627 2243 55 exterior exterior NN 31627 2243 56 and and CC 31627 2243 57 of of IN 31627 2243 58 tension tension NN 31627 2243 59 towards towards IN 31627 2243 60 the the DT 31627 2243 61 interior interior JJ 31627 2243 62 surface surface NN 31627 2243 63 . . . 31627 2244 1 For for IN 31627 2244 2 the the DT 31627 2244 3 exterior exterior JJ 31627 2244 4 portion portion NN 31627 2244 5 , , , 31627 2244 6 having have VBG 31627 2244 7 cooled cool VBN 31627 2244 8 down down RP 31627 2244 9 , , , 31627 2244 10 and and CC 31627 2244 11 consequently consequently RB 31627 2244 12 contracted contract VBN 31627 2244 13 to to IN 31627 2244 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2244 15 normal normal JJ 31627 2244 16 state state NN 31627 2244 17 , , , 31627 2244 18 will will MD 31627 2244 19 remain remain VB 31627 2244 20 rigid rigid JJ 31627 2244 21 up up IN 31627 2244 22 to to IN 31627 2244 23 a a DT 31627 2244 24 certain certain JJ 31627 2244 25 point point NN 31627 2244 26 of of IN 31627 2244 27 resistance resistance NN 31627 2244 28 ; ; : 31627 2244 29 but but CC 31627 2244 30 the the DT 31627 2244 31 interior interior JJ 31627 2244 32 portion portion NN 31627 2244 33 still still RB 31627 2244 34 continuing continue VBG 31627 2244 35 to to TO 31627 2244 36 contract contract VB 31627 2244 37 , , , 31627 2244 38 owing owe VBG 31627 2244 39 to to IN 31627 2244 40 the the DT 31627 2244 41 conduction conduction NN 31627 2244 42 of of IN 31627 2244 43 the the DT 31627 2244 44 heat heat NN 31627 2244 45 towards towards IN 31627 2244 46 the the DT 31627 2244 47 exterior exterior NN 31627 2244 48 , , , 31627 2244 49 would would MD 31627 2244 50 tend tend VB 31627 2244 51 to to TO 31627 2244 52 enter enter VB 31627 2244 53 upon upon IN 31627 2244 54 a a DT 31627 2244 55 condition condition NN 31627 2244 56 of of IN 31627 2244 57 tension tension NN 31627 2244 58 , , , 31627 2244 59 as as IN 31627 2244 60 becoming become VBG 31627 2244 61 too too RB 31627 2244 62 small small JJ 31627 2244 63 for for IN 31627 2244 64 the the DT 31627 2244 65 interior interior JJ 31627 2244 66 molten molten JJ 31627 2244 67 magma magma NN 31627 2244 68 ; ; , 31627 2244 69 and and CC 31627 2244 70 such such PDT 31627 2244 71 a a DT 31627 2244 72 state state NN 31627 2244 73 of of IN 31627 2244 74 tension tension NN 31627 2244 75 would would MD 31627 2244 76 tend tend VB 31627 2244 77 to to TO 31627 2244 78 produce produce VB 31627 2244 79 rupture rupture NN 31627 2244 80 of of IN 31627 2244 81 the the DT 31627 2244 82 interior interior JJ 31627 2244 83 part part NN 31627 2244 84 . . . 31627 2245 1 In in IN 31627 2245 2 this this DT 31627 2245 3 manner manner NN 31627 2245 4 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2245 5 would would MD 31627 2245 6 be be VB 31627 2245 7 formed form VBN 31627 2245 8 into into IN 31627 2245 9 which which WDT 31627 2245 10 the the DT 31627 2245 11 molten molten JJ 31627 2245 12 matter matter NN 31627 2245 13 would would MD 31627 2245 14 enter enter VB 31627 2245 15 ; ; : 31627 2245 16 and and CC 31627 2245 17 if if IN 31627 2245 18 the the DT 31627 2245 19 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2245 20 happened happen VBD 31627 2245 21 to to TO 31627 2245 22 extend extend VB 31627 2245 23 to to IN 31627 2245 24 the the DT 31627 2245 25 surface surface NN 31627 2245 26 , , , 31627 2245 27 owing owe VBG 31627 2245 28 to to IN 31627 2245 29 weakness weakness NN 31627 2245 30 of of IN 31627 2245 31 the the DT 31627 2245 32 crust crust NN 31627 2245 33 or or CC 31627 2245 34 flexuring flexuring NN 31627 2245 35 of of IN 31627 2245 36 the the DT 31627 2245 37 strata strata NN 31627 2245 38 , , , 31627 2245 39 or or CC 31627 2245 40 other other JJ 31627 2245 41 cause cause NN 31627 2245 42 , , , 31627 2245 43 the the DT 31627 2245 44 molten molten JJ 31627 2245 45 matter matter NN 31627 2245 46 would would MD 31627 2245 47 be be VB 31627 2245 48 extruded extrude VBN 31627 2245 49 either either CC 31627 2245 50 in in IN 31627 2245 51 the the DT 31627 2245 52 form form NN 31627 2245 53 of of IN 31627 2245 54 dykes dyke NNS 31627 2245 55 or or CC 31627 2245 56 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2245 57 vents vent NNS 31627 2245 58 . . . 31627 2246 1 In in IN 31627 2246 2 this this DT 31627 2246 3 way way NN 31627 2246 4 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2246 5 may may MD 31627 2246 6 account account VB 31627 2246 7 for for IN 31627 2246 8 the the DT 31627 2246 9 numerous numerous JJ 31627 2246 10 dykes dyke NNS 31627 2246 11 of of IN 31627 2246 12 trap trap NN 31627 2246 13 by by IN 31627 2246 14 which which WDT 31627 2246 15 some some DT 31627 2246 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2246 17 districts district NNS 31627 2246 18 are be VBP 31627 2246 19 intersected intersect VBN 31627 2246 20 , , , 31627 2246 21 such such JJ 31627 2246 22 as as IN 31627 2246 23 those those DT 31627 2246 24 of of IN 31627 2246 25 the the DT 31627 2246 26 north north NN 31627 2246 27 of of IN 31627 2246 28 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 2246 29 and and CC 31627 2246 30 centre centre NN 31627 2246 31 of of IN 31627 2246 32 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 2246 33 . . . 31627 2247 1 From from IN 31627 2247 2 the the DT 31627 2247 3 above above JJ 31627 2247 4 considerations consideration NNS 31627 2247 5 , , , 31627 2247 6 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2247 7 follows follow VBZ 31627 2247 8 that that IN 31627 2247 9 the the DT 31627 2247 10 earth earth NN 31627 2247 11 's 's POS 31627 2247 12 crust crust NN 31627 2247 13 must must MD 31627 2247 14 be be VB 31627 2247 15 in in IN 31627 2247 16 a a DT 31627 2247 17 condition condition NN 31627 2247 18 both both DT 31627 2247 19 of of IN 31627 2247 20 pressure pressure NN 31627 2247 21 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2247 22 or or CC 31627 2247 23 lateral lateral JJ 31627 2247 24 thrust thrust NN 31627 2247 25 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2247 26 towards towards IN 31627 2247 27 the the DT 31627 2247 28 exterior exterior JJ 31627 2247 29 portion portion NN 31627 2247 30 , , , 31627 2247 31 and and CC 31627 2247 32 of of IN 31627 2247 33 tension tension NN 31627 2247 34 towards towards IN 31627 2247 35 the the DT 31627 2247 36 interior interior NN 31627 2247 37 , , , 31627 2247 38 the the DT 31627 2247 39 former former JJ 31627 2247 40 condition condition NN 31627 2247 41 resulting result VBG 31627 2247 42 in in IN 31627 2247 43 faulting fault VBG 31627 2247 44 and and CC 31627 2247 45 flexuring flexuring NN 31627 2247 46 of of IN 31627 2247 47 the the DT 31627 2247 48 rocks rock NNS 31627 2247 49 , , , 31627 2247 50 the the DT 31627 2247 51 latter latter JJ 31627 2247 52 in in IN 31627 2247 53 the the DT 31627 2247 54 formation formation NN 31627 2247 55 of of IN 31627 2247 56 open open JJ 31627 2247 57 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2247 58 , , , 31627 2247 59 through through IN 31627 2247 60 which which WDT 31627 2247 61 lava lava NN 31627 2247 62 can can MD 31627 2247 63 ascend ascend VB 31627 2247 64 under under IN 31627 2247 65 high high JJ 31627 2247 66 pressure pressure NN 31627 2247 67 . . . 31627 2248 1 These these DT 31627 2248 2 operations operation NNS 31627 2248 3 are be VBP 31627 2248 4 of of IN 31627 2248 5 course course NN 31627 2248 6 the the DT 31627 2248 7 attempt attempt NN 31627 2248 8 of of IN 31627 2248 9 the the DT 31627 2248 10 natural natural JJ 31627 2248 11 forces force NNS 31627 2248 12 to to TO 31627 2248 13 arrive arrive VB 31627 2248 14 at at IN 31627 2248 15 a a DT 31627 2248 16 condition condition NN 31627 2248 17 of of IN 31627 2248 18 equilibrium equilibrium NN 31627 2248 19 , , , 31627 2248 20 which which WDT 31627 2248 21 is be VBZ 31627 2248 22 never never RB 31627 2248 23 attained attain VBN 31627 2248 24 because because IN 31627 2248 25 the the DT 31627 2248 26 processes process NNS 31627 2248 27 are be VBP 31627 2248 28 never never RB 31627 2248 29 completed complete VBN 31627 2248 30 ; ; : 31627 2248 31 in in IN 31627 2248 32 other other JJ 31627 2248 33 words word NNS 31627 2248 34 , , , 31627 2248 35 radiation radiation NN 31627 2248 36 and and CC 31627 2248 37 convection convection NN 31627 2248 38 of of IN 31627 2248 39 heat heat NN 31627 2248 40 are be VBP 31627 2248 41 constantly constantly RB 31627 2248 42 proceeding proceed VBG 31627 2248 43 , , , 31627 2248 44 giving give VBG 31627 2248 45 rise rise NN 31627 2248 46 to to IN 31627 2248 47 new new JJ 31627 2248 48 forces force NNS 31627 2248 49 of of IN 31627 2248 50 thrust thrust NN 31627 2248 51 and and CC 31627 2248 52 tension tension NN 31627 2248 53 . . . 31627 2249 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2249 2 now now RB 31627 2249 3 remains remain VBZ 31627 2249 4 for for IN 31627 2249 5 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2249 6 to to TO 31627 2249 7 consider consider VB 31627 2249 8 what what WP 31627 2249 9 may may MD 31627 2249 10 be be VB 31627 2249 11 the the DT 31627 2249 12 condition condition NN 31627 2249 13 of of IN 31627 2249 14 the the DT 31627 2249 15 interior interior JJ 31627 2249 16 molten molten JJ 31627 2249 17 magma magma NN 31627 2249 18 ; ; : 31627 2249 19 and and CC 31627 2249 20 in in IN 31627 2249 21 doing do VBG 31627 2249 22 so so RB 31627 2249 23 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2249 24 must must MD 31627 2249 25 be be VB 31627 2249 26 guided guide VBN 31627 2249 27 to to IN 31627 2249 28 a a DT 31627 2249 29 large large JJ 31627 2249 30 extent extent NN 31627 2249 31 by by IN 31627 2249 32 considerations consideration NNS 31627 2249 33 regarding regard VBG 31627 2249 34 the the DT 31627 2249 35 nature nature NN 31627 2249 36 of of IN 31627 2249 37 the the DT 31627 2249 38 extruded extruded JJ 31627 2249 39 matter matter NN 31627 2249 40 at at IN 31627 2249 41 the the DT 31627 2249 42 surface surface NN 31627 2249 43 . . . 31627 2250 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2250 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2250 3 i. i. NNP 31627 2250 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2250 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2250 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2250 7 Relative Relative NNP 31627 2250 8 Densities Densities NNPS 31627 2250 9 of of IN 31627 2250 10 Lavas._--Now Lavas._--Now NNP 31627 2250 11 , , , 31627 2250 12 observation observation NN 31627 2250 13 shows show VBZ 31627 2250 14 that that IN 31627 2250 15 , , , 31627 2250 16 as as IN 31627 2250 17 bearing bear VBG 31627 2250 18 on on IN 31627 2250 19 the the DT 31627 2250 20 subject subject NN 31627 2250 21 under under IN 31627 2250 22 consideration consideration NN 31627 2250 23 , , , 31627 2250 24 lavas lavas NN 31627 2250 25 occur occur VBP 31627 2250 26 mainly mainly RB 31627 2250 27 under under IN 31627 2250 28 two two CD 31627 2250 29 classes class NNS 31627 2250 30 as as IN 31627 2250 31 regards regard VBZ 31627 2250 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2250 33 density density NN 31627 2250 34 . . . 31627 2251 1 The the DT 31627 2251 2 most most RBS 31627 2251 3 dense dense JJ 31627 2251 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2251 5 or or CC 31627 2251 6 basic basic JJ 31627 2251 7 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2251 8 are be VBP 31627 2251 9 those those DT 31627 2251 10 in in IN 31627 2251 11 which which WDT 31627 2251 12 silica silica NN 31627 2251 13 is be VBZ 31627 2251 14 deficient deficient JJ 31627 2251 15 , , , 31627 2251 16 but but CC 31627 2251 17 iron iron NN 31627 2251 18 is be VBZ 31627 2251 19 abundant abundant JJ 31627 2251 20 ; ; : 31627 2251 21 the the DT 31627 2251 22 least least JJS 31627 2251 23 dense dense JJ 31627 2251 24 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2251 25 or or CC 31627 2251 26 acid acid NN 31627 2251 27 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2251 28 are be VBP 31627 2251 29 those those DT 31627 2251 30 which which WDT 31627 2251 31 are be VBP 31627 2251 32 rich rich JJ 31627 2251 33 in in IN 31627 2251 34 silica silica NN 31627 2251 35 , , , 31627 2251 36 but but CC 31627 2251 37 in in IN 31627 2251 38 which which WDT 31627 2251 39 iron iron NN 31627 2251 40 occurs occur VBZ 31627 2251 41 in in IN 31627 2251 42 small small JJ 31627 2251 43 quantity quantity NN 31627 2251 44 . . . 31627 2252 1 This this DT 31627 2252 2 division division NN 31627 2252 3 corresponds correspond VBZ 31627 2252 4 with with IN 31627 2252 5 that that DT 31627 2252 6 proposed propose VBN 31627 2252 7 by by IN 31627 2252 8 Bunsen Bunsen NNP 31627 2252 9 and and CC 31627 2252 10 Durocher[6 Durocher[6 NNP 31627 2252 11 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2252 12 for for IN 31627 2252 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2252 14 rocks rock NNS 31627 2252 15 , , , 31627 2252 16 upon upon IN 31627 2252 17 the the DT 31627 2252 18 results result NNS 31627 2252 19 of of IN 31627 2252 20 analyses analysis NNS 31627 2252 21 of of IN 31627 2252 22 a a DT 31627 2252 23 large large JJ 31627 2252 24 number number NN 31627 2252 25 of of IN 31627 2252 26 specimens specimen NNS 31627 2252 27 from from IN 31627 2252 28 various various JJ 31627 2252 29 districts district NNS 31627 2252 30 . . . 31627 2253 1 Rocks rock NNS 31627 2253 2 may may MD 31627 2253 3 be be VB 31627 2253 4 thus thus RB 31627 2253 5 arranged arrange VBN 31627 2253 6 in in IN 31627 2253 7 groups group NNS 31627 2253 8 : : : 31627 2253 9 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2253 10 1 1 LS 31627 2253 11 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2253 12 _ _ NNP 31627 2253 13 The the DT 31627 2253 14 Basic Basic NNP 31627 2253 15 _ _ NNP 31627 2253 16 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2253 17 Heavier)--poor heavier)--poor RB 31627 2253 18 in in IN 31627 2253 19 silica silica NN 31627 2253 20 , , , 31627 2253 21 rich rich JJ 31627 2253 22 in in IN 31627 2253 23 iron iron NN 31627 2253 24 ; ; , 31627 2253 25 containing contain VBG 31627 2253 26 silica silica NN 31627 2253 27 45 45 CD 31627 2253 28 - - SYM 31627 2253 29 58 58 CD 31627 2253 30 per per NN 31627 2253 31 cent cent NN 31627 2253 32 . . . 31627 2254 1 Examples example NNS 31627 2254 2 : : : 31627 2254 3 Basalt Basalt NNP 31627 2254 4 , , , 31627 2254 5 Dolerite Dolerite NNP 31627 2254 6 , , , 31627 2254 7 Hornblende Hornblende NNP 31627 2254 8 rock rock NN 31627 2254 9 , , , 31627 2254 10 Diorite Diorite NNP 31627 2254 11 , , , 31627 2254 12 Diabase Diabase NNP 31627 2254 13 , , , 31627 2254 14 Gabbro Gabbro NNP 31627 2254 15 , , , 31627 2254 16 Melaphyre Melaphyre NNP 31627 2254 17 , , , 31627 2254 18 and and CC 31627 2254 19 Leucite Leucite NNP 31627 2254 20 lava lava NN 31627 2254 21 . . . 31627 2255 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2255 2 2 2 LS 31627 2255 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2255 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2255 5 The the DT 31627 2255 6 Acid Acid NNP 31627 2255 7 _ _ NNP 31627 2255 8 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2255 9 Lighter)--rich Lighter)--rich VBN 31627 2255 10 in in IN 31627 2255 11 silica silica NN 31627 2255 12 , , , 31627 2255 13 poor poor JJ 31627 2255 14 in in IN 31627 2255 15 iron iron NN 31627 2255 16 ; ; , 31627 2255 17 containing contain VBG 31627 2255 18 silica silica NN 31627 2255 19 62 62 CD 31627 2255 20 - - SYM 31627 2255 21 78 78 CD 31627 2255 22 per per NN 31627 2255 23 cent cent NN 31627 2255 24 . . . 31627 2256 1 Examples example NNS 31627 2256 2 : : : 31627 2256 3 Trachyte Trachyte NNP 31627 2256 4 , , , 31627 2256 5 Rhyolite Rhyolite NNP 31627 2256 6 , , , 31627 2256 7 Obsidian Obsidian NNP 31627 2256 8 , , , 31627 2256 9 Domite Domite NNP 31627 2256 10 , , , 31627 2256 11 Felsite Felsite NNP 31627 2256 12 , , , 31627 2256 13 Quartz quartz NN 31627 2256 14 - - HYPH 31627 2256 15 porphyry porphyry NNP 31627 2256 16 , , , 31627 2256 17 Granite Granite NNP 31627 2256 18 . . . 31627 2257 1 The the DT 31627 2257 2 Andesite Andesite NNP 31627 2257 3 group group NN 31627 2257 4 forms form VBZ 31627 2257 5 a a DT 31627 2257 6 connecting connect VBG 31627 2257 7 link link NN 31627 2257 8 between between IN 31627 2257 9 the the DT 31627 2257 10 highly highly RB 31627 2257 11 acid acid NN 31627 2257 12 and and CC 31627 2257 13 the the DT 31627 2257 14 basic basic JJ 31627 2257 15 groups group NNS 31627 2257 16 , , , 31627 2257 17 and and CC 31627 2257 18 there there EX 31627 2257 19 are be VBP 31627 2257 20 many many JJ 31627 2257 21 varieties variety NNS 31627 2257 22 of of IN 31627 2257 23 the the DT 31627 2257 24 above above JJ 31627 2257 25 which which WDT 31627 2257 26 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2257 27 is be VBZ 31627 2257 28 not not RB 31627 2257 29 necessary necessary JJ 31627 2257 30 to to TO 31627 2257 31 enumerate enumerate VB 31627 2257 32 . . . 31627 2258 1 Durocher Durocher NNP 31627 2258 2 supposes suppose VBZ 31627 2258 3 that that IN 31627 2258 4 the the DT 31627 2258 5 molten molten JJ 31627 2258 6 magmas magma NNS 31627 2258 7 of of IN 31627 2258 8 these these DT 31627 2258 9 various various JJ 31627 2258 10 rocks rock NNS 31627 2258 11 are be VBP 31627 2258 12 arranged arrange VBN 31627 2258 13 in in IN 31627 2258 14 concentric concentric JJ 31627 2258 15 shells shell NNS 31627 2258 16 within within IN 31627 2258 17 the the DT 31627 2258 18 solid solid JJ 31627 2258 19 crust crust NN 31627 2258 20 in in IN 31627 2258 21 order order NN 31627 2258 22 of of IN 31627 2258 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2258 24 respective respective JJ 31627 2258 25 densities density NNS 31627 2258 26 , , , 31627 2258 27 those those DT 31627 2258 28 of of IN 31627 2258 29 the the DT 31627 2258 30 lighter light JJR 31627 2258 31 density density NN 31627 2258 32 , , , 31627 2258 33 namely namely RB 31627 2258 34 the the DT 31627 2258 35 acid acid NN 31627 2258 36 magmas magma NNS 31627 2258 37 , , , 31627 2258 38 being be VBG 31627 2258 39 outside outside IN 31627 2258 40 those those DT 31627 2258 41 of of IN 31627 2258 42 greater great JJR 31627 2258 43 density density NN 31627 2258 44 , , , 31627 2258 45 namely namely RB 31627 2258 46 the the DT 31627 2258 47 basic basic JJ 31627 2258 48 ; ; , 31627 2258 49 and and CC 31627 2258 50 this this DT 31627 2258 51 is be VBZ 31627 2258 52 a a DT 31627 2258 53 view view NN 31627 2258 54 which which WDT 31627 2258 55 seems seem VBZ 31627 2258 56 not not RB 31627 2258 57 improbable improbable JJ 31627 2258 58 from from IN 31627 2258 59 a a DT 31627 2258 60 consideration consideration NN 31627 2258 61 not not RB 31627 2258 62 only only RB 31627 2258 63 of of IN 31627 2258 64 the the DT 31627 2258 65 principle principle NN 31627 2258 66 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 2258 67 , , , 31627 2258 68 but but CC 31627 2258 69 of of IN 31627 2258 70 the the DT 31627 2258 71 succession succession NN 31627 2258 72 of of IN 31627 2258 73 the the DT 31627 2258 74 varieties variety NNS 31627 2258 75 of of IN 31627 2258 76 lava lava NN 31627 2258 77 in in IN 31627 2258 78 many many JJ 31627 2258 79 districts district NNS 31627 2258 80 . . . 31627 2259 1 Thus thus RB 31627 2259 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2259 3 find find VBP 31627 2259 4 that that IN 31627 2259 5 acid acid JJ 31627 2259 6 lavas lavas NNP 31627 2259 7 have have VBP 31627 2259 8 been be VBN 31627 2259 9 generally generally RB 31627 2259 10 extruded extrude VBN 31627 2259 11 first first RB 31627 2259 12 , , , 31627 2259 13 and and CC 31627 2259 14 basic basic JJ 31627 2259 15 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 2259 16 -- -- : 31627 2259 17 as as IN 31627 2259 18 in in IN 31627 2259 19 the the DT 31627 2259 20 cases case NNS 31627 2259 21 of of IN 31627 2259 22 Western Western NNP 31627 2259 23 America America NNP 31627 2259 24 , , , 31627 2259 25 of of IN 31627 2259 26 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 2259 27 , , , 31627 2259 28 the the DT 31627 2259 29 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 2259 30 and and CC 31627 2259 31 Central Central NNP 31627 2259 32 France France NNP 31627 2259 33 . . . 31627 2260 1 And and CC 31627 2260 2 if if IN 31627 2260 3 the the DT 31627 2260 4 interior interior NN 31627 2260 5 of of IN 31627 2260 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2260 7 globe globe NN 31627 2260 8 had have VBD 31627 2260 9 been be VBN 31627 2260 10 in in IN 31627 2260 11 a a DT 31627 2260 12 condition condition NN 31627 2260 13 of of IN 31627 2260 14 equilibrium equilibrium NN 31627 2260 15 from from IN 31627 2260 16 the the DT 31627 2260 17 time time NN 31627 2260 18 of of IN 31627 2260 19 the the DT 31627 2260 20 consolidation consolidation NN 31627 2260 21 of of IN 31627 2260 22 the the DT 31627 2260 23 crust crust NN 31627 2260 24 to to IN 31627 2260 25 the the DT 31627 2260 26 present present NN 31627 2260 27 , , , 31627 2260 28 reason reason NN 31627 2260 29 would would MD 31627 2260 30 induce induce VB 31627 2260 31 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2260 32 to to TO 31627 2260 33 conclude conclude VB 31627 2260 34 that that IN 31627 2260 35 the the DT 31627 2260 36 lavas lavas NN 31627 2260 37 would would MD 31627 2260 38 ultimately ultimately RB 31627 2260 39 have have VB 31627 2260 40 arranged arrange VBN 31627 2260 41 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 2260 42 in in IN 31627 2260 43 accordance accordance NN 31627 2260 44 with with IN 31627 2260 45 the the DT 31627 2260 46 conditions condition NNS 31627 2260 47 of of IN 31627 2260 48 density density NN 31627 2260 49 beneath beneath IN 31627 2260 50 that that DT 31627 2260 51 crust crust NN 31627 2260 52 . . . 31627 2261 1 But but CC 31627 2261 2 the the DT 31627 2261 3 state state NN 31627 2261 4 of of IN 31627 2261 5 equilibrium equilibrium NN 31627 2261 6 has have VBZ 31627 2261 7 been be VBN 31627 2261 8 constantly constantly RB 31627 2261 9 disturbed disturb VBN 31627 2261 10 . . . 31627 2262 1 Every every DT 31627 2262 2 fresh fresh JJ 31627 2262 3 outburst outburst NN 31627 2262 4 of of IN 31627 2262 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2262 6 force force NN 31627 2262 7 , , , 31627 2262 8 and and CC 31627 2262 9 every every DT 31627 2262 10 fresh fresh JJ 31627 2262 11 extrusion extrusion NN 31627 2262 12 of of IN 31627 2262 13 lava lava NN 31627 2262 14 , , , 31627 2262 15 tends tend VBZ 31627 2262 16 to to TO 31627 2262 17 disturb disturb VB 31627 2262 18 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2262 19 , , , 31627 2262 20 and and CC 31627 2262 21 to to TO 31627 2262 22 alter alter VB 31627 2262 23 the the DT 31627 2262 24 relations relation NNS 31627 2262 25 of of IN 31627 2262 26 the the DT 31627 2262 27 interior interior JJ 31627 2262 28 viscous viscous JJ 31627 2262 29 or or CC 31627 2262 30 molten molten JJ 31627 2262 31 magmas magma NNS 31627 2262 32 . . . 31627 2263 1 Owing owe VBG 31627 2263 2 to to IN 31627 2263 3 this this DT 31627 2263 4 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2263 5 happens happen VBZ 31627 2263 6 , , , 31627 2263 7 as as IN 31627 2263 8 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2263 9 may may MD 31627 2263 10 suppose suppose VB 31627 2263 11 , , , 31627 2263 12 that that IN 31627 2263 13 the the DT 31627 2263 14 order order NN 31627 2263 15 of of IN 31627 2263 16 eruption eruption NN 31627 2263 17 according accord VBG 31627 2263 18 to to IN 31627 2263 19 density density NN 31627 2263 20 is be VBZ 31627 2263 21 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 2263 22 broken break VBN 31627 2263 23 , , , 31627 2263 24 and and CC 31627 2263 25 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2263 26 find find VBP 31627 2263 27 such such JJ 31627 2263 28 rocks rock NNS 31627 2263 29 as as IN 31627 2263 30 granophyre granophyre NNP 31627 2263 31 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2263 32 a a DT 31627 2263 33 variety variety NN 31627 2263 34 of of IN 31627 2263 35 andesite andesite NNP 31627 2263 36 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2263 37 breaking break VBG 31627 2263 38 through through IN 31627 2263 39 the the DT 31627 2263 40 plateau plateau NN 31627 2263 41 - - HYPH 31627 2263 42 basalts basalt NNS 31627 2263 43 of of IN 31627 2263 44 Mull Mull NNP 31627 2263 45 and and CC 31627 2263 46 Skye Skye NNP 31627 2263 47 , , , 31627 2263 48 as as IN 31627 2263 49 explained explain VBN 31627 2263 50 in in IN 31627 2263 51 a a DT 31627 2263 52 former former JJ 31627 2263 53 chapter chapter NN 31627 2263 54 . . . 31627 2264 1 Notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 31627 2264 2 such such JJ 31627 2264 3 variations variation NNS 31627 2264 4 , , , 31627 2264 5 however however RB 31627 2264 6 , , , 31627 2264 7 the the DT 31627 2264 8 view view NN 31627 2264 9 of of IN 31627 2264 10 Durocher Durocher NNP 31627 2264 11 may may MD 31627 2264 12 be be VB 31627 2264 13 considered consider VBN 31627 2264 14 as as IN 31627 2264 15 the the DT 31627 2264 16 most most RBS 31627 2264 17 reasonable reasonable JJ 31627 2264 18 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2264 19 can can MD 31627 2264 20 arrive arrive VB 31627 2264 21 at at IN 31627 2264 22 on on IN 31627 2264 23 a a DT 31627 2264 24 subject subject NN 31627 2264 25 which which WDT 31627 2264 26 is be VBZ 31627 2264 27 confessedly confessedly RB 31627 2264 28 highly highly RB 31627 2264 29 conjectural conjectural JJ 31627 2264 30 . . . 31627 2265 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2265 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2265 3 j. j. NNP 31627 2265 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2265 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2265 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2265 7 Conclusion Conclusion NNP 31627 2265 8 as as IN 31627 2265 9 regards regard VBZ 31627 2265 10 the the DT 31627 2265 11 Ultimate ultimate JJ 31627 2265 12 Cause Cause NNP 31627 2265 13 of of IN 31627 2265 14 Volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2265 15 Action_.--Notwithstanding action_.--notwithstanding NN 31627 2265 16 , , , 31627 2265 17 however however RB 31627 2265 18 , , , 31627 2265 19 the the DT 31627 2265 20 complexity complexity NN 31627 2265 21 of of IN 31627 2265 22 the the DT 31627 2265 23 subject subject NN 31627 2265 24 , , , 31627 2265 25 and and CC 31627 2265 26 the the DT 31627 2265 27 uncertainties uncertainty NNS 31627 2265 28 which which WDT 31627 2265 29 must must MD 31627 2265 30 attend attend VB 31627 2265 31 an an DT 31627 2265 32 inquiry inquiry NN 31627 2265 33 where where WRB 31627 2265 34 some some DT 31627 2265 35 of of IN 31627 2265 36 the the DT 31627 2265 37 data datum NNS 31627 2265 38 are be VBP 31627 2265 39 outside outside IN 31627 2265 40 the the DT 31627 2265 41 range range NN 31627 2265 42 of of IN 31627 2265 43 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2265 44 observation observation NN 31627 2265 45 , , , 31627 2265 46 sufficient sufficient JJ 31627 2265 47 evidence evidence NN 31627 2265 48 can can MD 31627 2265 49 be be VB 31627 2265 50 adduced adduce VBN 31627 2265 51 to to TO 31627 2265 52 enable enable VB 31627 2265 53 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2265 54 to to TO 31627 2265 55 arrive arrive VB 31627 2265 56 at at IN 31627 2265 57 a a DT 31627 2265 58 tolerably tolerably RB 31627 2265 59 clear clear JJ 31627 2265 60 view view NN 31627 2265 61 of of IN 31627 2265 62 the the DT 31627 2265 63 ultimate ultimate JJ 31627 2265 64 cause cause NN 31627 2265 65 of of IN 31627 2265 66 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2265 67 action action NN 31627 2265 68 . . . 31627 2266 1 So so CC 31627 2266 2 tempting tempt VBG 31627 2266 3 a a DT 31627 2266 4 subject subject NN 31627 2266 5 was be VBD 31627 2266 6 sure sure JJ 31627 2266 7 to to TO 31627 2266 8 evoke evoke VB 31627 2266 9 numerous numerous JJ 31627 2266 10 essays essay NNS 31627 2266 11 , , , 31627 2266 12 some some DT 31627 2266 13 of of IN 31627 2266 14 great great JJ 31627 2266 15 ingenuity ingenuity NN 31627 2266 16 , , , 31627 2266 17 such such JJ 31627 2266 18 as as IN 31627 2266 19 that that DT 31627 2266 20 of of IN 31627 2266 21 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 2266 22 Mallet Mallet NNP 31627 2266 23 ; ; : 31627 2266 24 others other NNS 31627 2266 25 of of IN 31627 2266 26 great great JJ 31627 2266 27 complexity complexity NN 31627 2266 28 , , , 31627 2266 29 such such JJ 31627 2266 30 as as IN 31627 2266 31 that that DT 31627 2266 32 of of IN 31627 2266 33 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 2266 34 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 2266 35 . . . 31627 2267 1 But but CC 31627 2267 2 more more JJR 31627 2267 3 recent recent JJ 31627 2267 4 consideration consideration NN 31627 2267 5 and and CC 31627 2267 6 wider wide JJR 31627 2267 7 observation observation NN 31627 2267 8 have have VBP 31627 2267 9 tended tend VBN 31627 2267 10 to to TO 31627 2267 11 lead lead VB 31627 2267 12 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2267 13 to to IN 31627 2267 14 the the DT 31627 2267 15 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 2267 16 that that IN 31627 2267 17 the the DT 31627 2267 18 ultimate ultimate JJ 31627 2267 19 cause cause NN 31627 2267 20 is be VBZ 31627 2267 21 the the DT 31627 2267 22 most most RBS 31627 2267 23 simple simple JJ 31627 2267 24 , , , 31627 2267 25 the the DT 31627 2267 26 most most RBS 31627 2267 27 powerful powerful JJ 31627 2267 28 , , , 31627 2267 29 and and CC 31627 2267 30 the the DT 31627 2267 31 most most RBS 31627 2267 32 general general JJ 31627 2267 33 which which WDT 31627 2267 34 can can MD 31627 2267 35 be be VB 31627 2267 36 suggested suggest VBN 31627 2267 37 ; ; : 31627 2267 38 namely namely RB 31627 2267 39 , , , 31627 2267 40 _ _ NNP 31627 2267 41 the the DT 31627 2267 42 contraction contraction NN 31627 2267 43 of of IN 31627 2267 44 the the DT 31627 2267 45 crust crust NN 31627 2267 46 due due JJ 31627 2267 47 to to IN 31627 2267 48 secular secular JJ 31627 2267 49 cooling cooling NN 31627 2267 50 of of IN 31627 2267 51 the the DT 31627 2267 52 more more RBR 31627 2267 53 deeply deeply RB 31627 2267 54 seated seat VBN 31627 2267 55 parts part NNS 31627 2267 56 by by IN 31627 2267 57 conduction conduction NN 31627 2267 58 and and CC 31627 2267 59 radiation radiation NN 31627 2267 60 of of IN 31627 2267 61 heat heat NN 31627 2267 62 into into IN 31627 2267 63 space space NN 31627 2267 64 _ _ NNP 31627 2267 65 . . . 31627 2268 1 Owing owe VBG 31627 2268 2 to to IN 31627 2268 3 this this DT 31627 2268 4 cause cause NN 31627 2268 5 , , , 31627 2268 6 the the DT 31627 2268 7 enclosed enclose VBN 31627 2268 8 molten molten JJ 31627 2268 9 matter matter NN 31627 2268 10 is be VBZ 31627 2268 11 more more RBR 31627 2268 12 or or CC 31627 2268 13 less less RBR 31627 2268 14 abundantly abundantly RB 31627 2268 15 extruded extrude VBN 31627 2268 16 from from IN 31627 2268 17 time time NN 31627 2268 18 to to IN 31627 2268 19 time time NN 31627 2268 20 along along IN 31627 2268 21 the the DT 31627 2268 22 lines line NNS 31627 2268 23 and and CC 31627 2268 24 vents vent NNS 31627 2268 25 of of IN 31627 2268 26 eruption eruption NN 31627 2268 27 , , , 31627 2268 28 so so IN 31627 2268 29 as as IN 31627 2268 30 to to TO 31627 2268 31 accommodate accommodate VB 31627 2268 32 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 2268 33 to to IN 31627 2268 34 the the DT 31627 2268 35 ever ever RB 31627 2268 36 - - HYPH 31627 2268 37 contracting contract VBG 31627 2268 38 crust crust NN 31627 2268 39 . . . 31627 2269 1 Nor nor CC 31627 2269 2 can can MD 31627 2269 3 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2269 4 doubt doubt VB 31627 2269 5 that that IN 31627 2269 6 this this DT 31627 2269 7 process process NN 31627 2269 8 has have VBZ 31627 2269 9 been be VBN 31627 2269 10 going go VBG 31627 2269 11 on on RP 31627 2269 12 from from IN 31627 2269 13 the the DT 31627 2269 14 very very RB 31627 2269 15 earliest early JJS 31627 2269 16 period period NN 31627 2269 17 of of IN 31627 2269 18 the the DT 31627 2269 19 earth earth NN 31627 2269 20 's 's POS 31627 2269 21 history history NN 31627 2269 22 , , , 31627 2269 23 and and CC 31627 2269 24 formerly formerly RB 31627 2269 25 at at IN 31627 2269 26 a a DT 31627 2269 27 greater great JJR 31627 2269 28 rate rate NN 31627 2269 29 than than IN 31627 2269 30 at at IN 31627 2269 31 present present NN 31627 2269 32 . . . 31627 2270 1 When when WRB 31627 2270 2 the the DT 31627 2270 3 crust crust NN 31627 2270 4 was be VBD 31627 2270 5 more more RBR 31627 2270 6 highly highly RB 31627 2270 7 heated heated JJ 31627 2270 8 , , , 31627 2270 9 the the DT 31627 2270 10 radiation radiation NN 31627 2270 11 and and CC 31627 2270 12 conduction conduction NN 31627 2270 13 must must MD 31627 2270 14 have have VB 31627 2270 15 been be VBN 31627 2270 16 proportionately proportionately RB 31627 2270 17 more more RBR 31627 2270 18 rapid rapid JJ 31627 2270 19 . . . 31627 2271 1 Owing owe VBG 31627 2271 2 to to IN 31627 2271 3 this this DT 31627 2271 4 cause cause NN 31627 2271 5 also also RB 31627 2271 6 the the DT 31627 2271 7 contraction contraction NN 31627 2271 8 of of IN 31627 2271 9 the the DT 31627 2271 10 crust crust NN 31627 2271 11 was be VBD 31627 2271 12 accelerated accelerate VBN 31627 2271 13 . . . 31627 2272 1 To to IN 31627 2272 2 such such JJ 31627 2272 3 irresistible irresistible JJ 31627 2272 4 force force NN 31627 2272 5 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2272 6 owe owe VBP 31627 2272 7 the the DT 31627 2272 8 wonderful wonderful JJ 31627 2272 9 flexuring flexuring NN 31627 2272 10 , , , 31627 2272 11 folding folding NN 31627 2272 12 , , , 31627 2272 13 and and CC 31627 2272 14 horizontal horizontal JJ 31627 2272 15 overthrusting overthrusting NN 31627 2272 16 which which WDT 31627 2272 17 the the DT 31627 2272 18 rocks rock NNS 31627 2272 19 have have VBP 31627 2272 20 undergone undergo VBN 31627 2272 21 in in IN 31627 2272 22 some some DT 31627 2272 23 portions portion NNS 31627 2272 24 of of IN 31627 2272 25 the the DT 31627 2272 26 globe globe NN 31627 2272 27 -- -- : 31627 2272 28 such such JJ 31627 2272 29 as as IN 31627 2272 30 in in IN 31627 2272 31 the the DT 31627 2272 32 Alps Alps NNPS 31627 2272 33 , , , 31627 2272 34 the the DT 31627 2272 35 Highlands Highlands NNPS 31627 2272 36 of of IN 31627 2272 37 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 2272 38 and and CC 31627 2272 39 of of IN 31627 2272 40 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 2272 41 , , , 31627 2272 42 and and CC 31627 2272 43 the the DT 31627 2272 44 Alleghannies Alleghannies NNPS 31627 2272 45 of of IN 31627 2272 46 America America NNP 31627 2272 47 . . . 31627 2273 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2273 2 is be VBZ 31627 2273 3 easy easy JJ 31627 2273 4 to to TO 31627 2273 5 show show VB 31627 2273 6 that that IN 31627 2273 7 the the DT 31627 2273 8 acceleration acceleration NN 31627 2273 9 of of IN 31627 2273 10 the the DT 31627 2273 11 earth earth NN 31627 2273 12 's 's POS 31627 2273 13 rotation rotation NN 31627 2273 14 must must MD 31627 2273 15 be be VB 31627 2273 16 a a DT 31627 2273 17 consequence consequence NN 31627 2273 18 of of IN 31627 2273 19 such such JJ 31627 2273 20 contraction contraction NN 31627 2273 21 ; ; : 31627 2273 22 but but CC 31627 2273 23 , , , 31627 2273 24 after after RB 31627 2273 25 all all RB 31627 2273 26 , , , 31627 2273 27 this this DT 31627 2273 28 is be VBZ 31627 2273 29 but but CC 31627 2273 30 one one CD 31627 2273 31 of of IN 31627 2273 32 those those DT 31627 2273 33 compensatory compensatory JJ 31627 2273 34 forces force NNS 31627 2273 35 of of IN 31627 2273 36 which which WDT 31627 2273 37 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2273 38 see see VBP 31627 2273 39 several several JJ 31627 2273 40 examples example NNS 31627 2273 41 in in IN 31627 2273 42 the the DT 31627 2273 43 world world NN 31627 2273 44 around around IN 31627 2273 45 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2273 46 . . . 31627 2274 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2274 2 can can MD 31627 2274 3 also also RB 31627 2274 4 be be VB 31627 2274 5 confidently confidently RB 31627 2274 6 inferred infer VBN 31627 2274 7 that that IN 31627 2274 8 at at IN 31627 2274 9 an an DT 31627 2274 10 early early JJ 31627 2274 11 period period NN 31627 2274 12 of of IN 31627 2274 13 the the DT 31627 2274 14 earth earth NN 31627 2274 15 's 's POS 31627 2274 16 history history NN 31627 2274 17 , , , 31627 2274 18 when when WRB 31627 2274 19 the the DT 31627 2274 20 moon moon NN 31627 2274 21 was be VBD 31627 2274 22 nearer near JJR 31627 2274 23 to to IN 31627 2274 24 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2274 25 planet planet NN 31627 2274 26 than than IN 31627 2274 27 at at IN 31627 2274 28 present present NN 31627 2274 29 , , , 31627 2274 30 the the DT 31627 2274 31 tides tide NNS 31627 2274 32 were be VBD 31627 2274 33 far far RB 31627 2274 34 more more RBR 31627 2274 35 powerful powerful JJ 31627 2274 36 , , , 31627 2274 37 and and CC 31627 2274 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2274 39 effect effect NN 31627 2274 40 in in IN 31627 2274 41 retarding retard VBG 31627 2274 42 the the DT 31627 2274 43 earth earth NN 31627 2274 44 's 's POS 31627 2274 45 rotation rotation NN 31627 2274 46 was be VBD 31627 2274 47 consequently consequently RB 31627 2274 48 greater great JJR 31627 2274 49 . . . 31627 2275 1 During during IN 31627 2275 2 this this DT 31627 2275 3 period period NN 31627 2275 4 the the DT 31627 2275 5 acceleration acceleration NN 31627 2275 6 due due IN 31627 2275 7 to to IN 31627 2275 8 contraction contraction NN 31627 2275 9 was be VBD 31627 2275 10 also also RB 31627 2275 11 greater great JJR 31627 2275 12 ; ; : 31627 2275 13 and and CC 31627 2275 14 the the DT 31627 2275 15 two two CD 31627 2275 16 forces force NNS 31627 2275 17 probably probably RB 31627 2275 18 very very RB 31627 2275 19 nearly nearly RB 31627 2275 20 balanced balance VBD 31627 2275 21 each each DT 31627 2275 22 other other JJ 31627 2275 23 . . . 31627 2276 1 Both both CC 31627 2276 2 these these DT 31627 2276 3 forces force NNS 31627 2276 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2276 5 those those DT 31627 2276 6 of of IN 31627 2276 7 acceleration acceleration NN 31627 2276 8 and and CC 31627 2276 9 retardation retardation NN 31627 2276 10 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2276 11 have have VBP 31627 2276 12 been be VBN 31627 2276 13 growing grow VBG 31627 2276 14 weaker weak JJR 31627 2276 15 down down RP 31627 2276 16 to to IN 31627 2276 17 the the DT 31627 2276 18 present present JJ 31627 2276 19 day day NN 31627 2276 20 , , , 31627 2276 21 though though IN 31627 2276 22 there there EX 31627 2276 23 appears appear VBZ 31627 2276 24 to to TO 31627 2276 25 have have VB 31627 2276 26 been be VBN 31627 2276 27 a a DT 31627 2276 28 slight slight JJ 31627 2276 29 advantage advantage NN 31627 2276 30 on on IN 31627 2276 31 the the DT 31627 2276 32 side side NN 31627 2276 33 of of IN 31627 2276 34 the the DT 31627 2276 35 retarding retard VBG 31627 2276 36 force force NN 31627 2276 37 . . . 31627 2277 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2277 2 7 7 CD 31627 2277 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2277 4 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2277 5 1 1 CD 31627 2277 6 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2277 7 R. R. NNP 31627 2277 8 D. D. NNP 31627 2277 9 M. M. NNP 31627 2277 10 Verbeek Verbeek NNP 31627 2277 11 , , , 31627 2277 12 _ _ NNP 31627 2277 13 Krakatau Krakatau NNP 31627 2277 14 _ _ NNP 31627 2277 15 , , , 31627 2277 16 p. p. NN 31627 2277 17 105 105 CD 31627 2277 18 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2277 19 1886 1886 CD 31627 2277 20 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2277 21 ; ; : 31627 2277 22 also also RB 31627 2277 23 , , , 31627 2277 24 J. J. NNP 31627 2277 25 Milne Milne NNP 31627 2277 26 , , , 31627 2277 27 _ _ NNP 31627 2277 28 The the DT 31627 2277 29 Great Great NNP 31627 2277 30 Earthquake Earthquake NNP 31627 2277 31 of of IN 31627 2277 32 Japan Japan NNP 31627 2277 33 _ _ NNP 31627 2277 34 , , , 31627 2277 35 1891 1891 CD 31627 2277 36 . . . 31627 2278 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2278 2 2 2 LS 31627 2278 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2278 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2278 5 Bull Bull NNP 31627 2278 6 . . . 31627 2279 1 Mus mus NN 31627 2279 2 . . . 31627 2280 1 Comp Comp NNP 31627 2280 2 . . . 31627 2281 1 Zool Zool NNP 31627 2281 2 . . . 31627 2281 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2281 4 , , , 31627 2281 5 vol vol NNP 31627 2281 6 . . . 31627 2282 1 iii iii NNP 31627 2282 2 . . . 31627 2283 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2283 2 3 3 CD 31627 2283 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2283 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2283 5 Proc Proc NNP 31627 2283 6 . . . 31627 2284 1 Roy Roy NNP 31627 2284 2 . . . 31627 2285 1 Soc Soc NNP 31627 2285 2 . . . 31627 2285 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2285 4 , , , 31627 2285 5 No no UH 31627 2285 6 . . . 31627 2286 1 237 237 CD 31627 2286 2 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2286 3 1885 1885 CD 31627 2286 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2286 5 ; ; : 31627 2286 6 also also RB 31627 2286 7 , , , 31627 2286 8 _ _ NNP 31627 2286 9 Rep. Rep. NNP 31627 2287 1 Brit Brit NNP 31627 2287 2 . . . 31627 2288 1 Assoc Assoc NNP 31627 2288 2 . . . 31627 2288 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2288 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2288 5 1881 1881 CD 31627 2288 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2288 7 . . . 31627 2289 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2289 2 4 4 CD 31627 2289 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2289 4 Hopkins Hopkins NNP 31627 2289 5 , , , 31627 2289 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2289 7 supra supra NNP 31627 2289 8 cit cit NNP 31627 2289 9 . . . 31627 2289 10 _ _ NNP 31627 2289 11 , , , 31627 2289 12 p. p. NN 31627 2289 13 218 218 CD 31627 2289 14 . . . 31627 2290 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2290 2 5 5 CD 31627 2290 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2290 4 C. C. NNP 31627 2290 5 Davison Davison NNP 31627 2290 6 and and CC 31627 2290 7 G. G. NNP 31627 2290 8 H. H. NNP 31627 2290 9 Darwin Darwin NNP 31627 2290 10 , , , 31627 2290 11 _ _ NNP 31627 2290 12 Phil Phil NNP 31627 2290 13 . . . 31627 2291 1 Trans Trans NNPS 31627 2291 2 . . . 31627 2291 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2291 4 , , , 31627 2291 5 vol vol NNP 31627 2291 6 . . . 31627 2292 1 178 178 CD 31627 2292 2 , , , 31627 2292 3 p p NN 31627 2292 4 ; ; : 31627 2292 5 241 241 CD 31627 2292 6 . . . 31627 2293 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2293 2 6 6 CD 31627 2293 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2293 4 Durocher Durocher NNP 31627 2293 5 , , , 31627 2293 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2293 7 Ann Ann NNP 31627 2293 8 . . . 31627 2294 1 des des NNP 31627 2294 2 Mines Mines NNP 31627 2294 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2294 4 , , , 31627 2294 5 vol vol NNP 31627 2294 6 . . . 31627 2295 1 ii ii LS 31627 2295 2 . . . 31627 2296 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2296 2 1857 1857 CD 31627 2296 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2296 4 . . . 31627 2297 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2297 2 7 7 LS 31627 2297 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2297 4 See see VB 31627 2297 5 on on IN 31627 2297 6 this this DT 31627 2297 7 subject subject NN 31627 2297 8 the the DT 31627 2297 9 author author NN 31627 2297 10 's 's POS 31627 2297 11 _ _ NNP 31627 2297 12 Textbook Textbook NNP 31627 2297 13 of of IN 31627 2297 14 Physiography Physiography NNP 31627 2297 15 _ _ NNP 31627 2297 16 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2297 17 Deacon Deacon NNP 31627 2297 18 and and CC 31627 2297 19 Co. Co. NNP 31627 2297 20 , , , 31627 2297 21 1888 1888 CD 31627 2297 22 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2297 23 , , , 31627 2297 24 pp pp NNP 31627 2297 25 . . . 31627 2298 1 56 56 CD 31627 2298 2 and and CC 31627 2298 3 122 122 CD 31627 2298 4 . . . 31627 2299 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 2299 2 II II NNP 31627 2299 3 . . . 31627 2300 1 LUNAR LUNAR NNP 31627 2300 2 VOLCANOES VOLCANOES NNP 31627 2300 3 . . . 31627 2301 1 The the DT 31627 2301 2 surface surface NN 31627 2301 3 of of IN 31627 2301 4 the the DT 31627 2301 5 moon moon NN 31627 2301 6 presented present VBD 31627 2301 7 to to IN 31627 2301 8 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2301 9 view view NN 31627 2301 10 affords afford VBZ 31627 2301 11 such such JJ 31627 2301 12 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2301 13 indications indication NNS 31627 2301 14 of of IN 31627 2301 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2301 16 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2301 17 of of IN 31627 2301 18 a a DT 31627 2301 19 special special JJ 31627 2301 20 kind kind NN 31627 2301 21 , , , 31627 2301 22 that that IN 31627 2301 23 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2301 24 are be VBP 31627 2301 25 justified justified JJ 31627 2301 26 in in IN 31627 2301 27 devoting devote VBG 31627 2301 28 a a DT 31627 2301 29 chapter chapter NN 31627 2301 30 to to IN 31627 2301 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2301 32 consideration consideration NN 31627 2301 33 . . . 31627 2302 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2302 2 is be VBZ 31627 2302 3 very very RB 31627 2302 4 tantalising tantalise VBG 31627 2302 5 that that WDT 31627 2302 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2302 7 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 2302 8 satellite satellite NN 31627 2302 9 only only RB 31627 2302 10 permits permit VBZ 31627 2302 11 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2302 12 to to TO 31627 2302 13 look look VB 31627 2302 14 at at IN 31627 2302 15 and and CC 31627 2302 16 admire admire VB 31627 2302 17 one one CD 31627 2302 18 half half NN 31627 2302 19 of of IN 31627 2302 20 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2302 21 sphere sphere NN 31627 2302 22 ; ; : 31627 2302 23 but but CC 31627 2302 24 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2302 25 is be VBZ 31627 2302 26 not not RB 31627 2302 27 a a DT 31627 2302 28 very very RB 31627 2302 29 far far RB 31627 2302 30 - - HYPH 31627 2302 31 fetched fetched JJ 31627 2302 32 inference inference NN 31627 2302 33 if if IN 31627 2302 34 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2302 35 feel feel VBP 31627 2302 36 satisfied satisfied JJ 31627 2302 37 that that IN 31627 2302 38 the the DT 31627 2302 39 other other JJ 31627 2302 40 half half NN 31627 2302 41 bears bear VBZ 31627 2302 42 a a DT 31627 2302 43 general general JJ 31627 2302 44 resemblance resemblance NN 31627 2302 45 to to IN 31627 2302 46 that that DT 31627 2302 47 which which WDT 31627 2302 48 is be VBZ 31627 2302 49 presented present VBN 31627 2302 50 to to IN 31627 2302 51 the the DT 31627 2302 52 earth earth NN 31627 2302 53 . . . 31627 2303 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2303 2 is be VBZ 31627 2303 3 scarcely scarcely RB 31627 2303 4 necessary necessary JJ 31627 2303 5 to to TO 31627 2303 6 inform inform VB 31627 2303 7 the the DT 31627 2303 8 reader reader NN 31627 2303 9 why why WRB 31627 2303 10 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2303 11 is be VBZ 31627 2303 12 that that IN 31627 2303 13 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2303 14 never never RB 31627 2303 15 see see VBP 31627 2303 16 but but CC 31627 2303 17 one one CD 31627 2303 18 face face NN 31627 2303 19 ; ; : 31627 2303 20 still still RB 31627 2303 21 , , , 31627 2303 22 for for IN 31627 2303 23 the the DT 31627 2303 24 sake sake NN 31627 2303 25 of of IN 31627 2303 26 those those DT 31627 2303 27 who who WP 31627 2303 28 have have VBP 31627 2303 29 not not RB 31627 2303 30 thought think VBN 31627 2303 31 out out RP 31627 2303 32 the the DT 31627 2303 33 subject subject NN 31627 2303 34 I -PRON- PRP 31627 2303 35 may may MD 31627 2303 36 state state VB 31627 2303 37 that that IN 31627 2303 38 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2303 39 is be VBZ 31627 2303 40 because because IN 31627 2303 41 the the DT 31627 2303 42 moon moon NN 31627 2303 43 rotates rotate VBZ 31627 2303 44 on on IN 31627 2303 45 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2303 46 axis axi NNS 31627 2303 47 exactly exactly RB 31627 2303 48 in in IN 31627 2303 49 the the DT 31627 2303 50 time time NN 31627 2303 51 that that WRB 31627 2303 52 she -PRON- PRP 31627 2303 53 performs perform VBZ 31627 2303 54 a a DT 31627 2303 55 revolution revolution NN 31627 2303 56 round round IN 31627 2303 57 the the DT 31627 2303 58 earth earth NN 31627 2303 59 . . . 31627 2304 1 If if IN 31627 2304 2 this this DT 31627 2304 3 should should MD 31627 2304 4 not not RB 31627 2304 5 be be VB 31627 2304 6 sufficiently sufficiently RB 31627 2304 7 clear clear JJ 31627 2304 8 , , , 31627 2304 9 let let VB 31627 2304 10 the the DT 31627 2304 11 reader reader NN 31627 2304 12 perform perform VB 31627 2304 13 a a DT 31627 2304 14 very very RB 31627 2304 15 simple simple JJ 31627 2304 16 experiment experiment NN 31627 2304 17 for for IN 31627 2304 18 himself -PRON- PRP 31627 2304 19 , , , 31627 2304 20 which which WDT 31627 2304 21 will will MD 31627 2304 22 probably probably RB 31627 2304 23 bring bring VB 31627 2304 24 conviction conviction NN 31627 2304 25 to to IN 31627 2304 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2304 27 mind mind NN 31627 2304 28 that that IN 31627 2304 29 the the DT 31627 2304 30 explanation explanation NN 31627 2304 31 here here RB 31627 2304 32 given give VBN 31627 2304 33 is be VBZ 31627 2304 34 correct correct JJ 31627 2304 35 . . . 31627 2305 1 Let let VB 31627 2305 2 him -PRON- PRP 31627 2305 3 place place VB 31627 2305 4 an an DT 31627 2305 5 orange orange NN 31627 2305 6 in in IN 31627 2305 7 the the DT 31627 2305 8 centre centre NN 31627 2305 9 of of IN 31627 2305 10 a a DT 31627 2305 11 round round JJ 31627 2305 12 table table NN 31627 2305 13 , , , 31627 2305 14 and and CC 31627 2305 15 then then RB 31627 2305 16 let let VB 31627 2305 17 him -PRON- PRP 31627 2305 18 move move VB 31627 2305 19 round round IN 31627 2305 20 the the DT 31627 2305 21 table table NN 31627 2305 22 from from IN 31627 2305 23 a a DT 31627 2305 24 starting starting NN 31627 2305 25 - - HYPH 31627 2305 26 point point NN 31627 2305 27 sideways sideway NNS 31627 2305 28 , , , 31627 2305 29 ever ever RB 31627 2305 30 keeping keep VBG 31627 2305 31 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2305 32 face face NN 31627 2305 33 directed direct VBN 31627 2305 34 towards towards IN 31627 2305 35 the the DT 31627 2305 36 orange orange NN 31627 2305 37 ; ; : 31627 2305 38 and and CC 31627 2305 39 when when WRB 31627 2305 40 he -PRON- PRP 31627 2305 41 has have VBZ 31627 2305 42 reached reach VBN 31627 2305 43 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2305 44 starting starting NN 31627 2305 45 - - HYPH 31627 2305 46 point point NN 31627 2305 47 , , , 31627 2305 48 he -PRON- PRP 31627 2305 49 will will MD 31627 2305 50 find find VB 31627 2305 51 that that IN 31627 2305 52 he -PRON- PRP 31627 2305 53 has have VBZ 31627 2305 54 rotated rotate VBN 31627 2305 55 once once RB 31627 2305 56 round round RB 31627 2305 57 while while IN 31627 2305 58 he -PRON- PRP 31627 2305 59 has have VBZ 31627 2305 60 performed perform VBN 31627 2305 61 one one CD 31627 2305 62 revolution revolution NN 31627 2305 63 round round IN 31627 2305 64 the the DT 31627 2305 65 table table NN 31627 2305 66 . . . 31627 2306 1 In in IN 31627 2306 2 this this DT 31627 2306 3 case case NN 31627 2306 4 the the DT 31627 2306 5 performer performer NN 31627 2306 6 represents represent VBZ 31627 2306 7 the the DT 31627 2306 8 moon moon NN 31627 2306 9 and and CC 31627 2306 10 the the DT 31627 2306 11 orange orange NN 31627 2306 12 the the DT 31627 2306 13 earth earth NN 31627 2306 14 . . . 31627 2307 1 Now now RB 31627 2307 2 this this DT 31627 2307 3 connection connection NN 31627 2307 4 between between IN 31627 2307 5 the the DT 31627 2307 6 earth earth NN 31627 2307 7 and and CC 31627 2307 8 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2307 9 satellite satellite NN 31627 2307 10 is be VBZ 31627 2307 11 sufficiently sufficiently RB 31627 2307 12 close close JJ 31627 2307 13 to to TO 31627 2307 14 be be VB 31627 2307 15 used use VBN 31627 2307 16 as as IN 31627 2307 17 an an DT 31627 2307 18 argument argument NN 31627 2307 19 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2307 20 if if IN 31627 2307 21 not not RB 31627 2307 22 as as IN 31627 2307 23 actual actual JJ 31627 2307 24 demonstration demonstration NN 31627 2307 25 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2307 26 that that IN 31627 2307 27 the the DT 31627 2307 28 earth earth NN 31627 2307 29 and and CC 31627 2307 30 the the DT 31627 2307 31 moon moon NN 31627 2307 32 were be VBD 31627 2307 33 originally originally RB 31627 2307 34 portions portion NNS 31627 2307 35 of of IN 31627 2307 36 the the DT 31627 2307 37 same same JJ 31627 2307 38 mass mass NN 31627 2307 39 , , , 31627 2307 40 and and CC 31627 2307 41 that that IN 31627 2307 42 during during IN 31627 2307 43 some some DT 31627 2307 44 very very RB 31627 2307 45 early early JJ 31627 2307 46 stage stage NN 31627 2307 47 in in IN 31627 2307 48 the the DT 31627 2307 49 development development NN 31627 2307 50 of of IN 31627 2307 51 the the DT 31627 2307 52 solar solar JJ 31627 2307 53 system system NN 31627 2307 54 these these DT 31627 2307 55 bodies body NNS 31627 2307 56 parted part VBD 31627 2307 57 company company NN 31627 2307 58 , , , 31627 2307 59 to to TO 31627 2307 60 assume assume VB 31627 2307 61 for for IN 31627 2307 62 ever ever RB 31627 2307 63 after after IN 31627 2307 64 the the DT 31627 2307 65 relations relation NNS 31627 2307 66 of of IN 31627 2307 67 planet planet NN 31627 2307 68 and and CC 31627 2307 69 satellite satellite NN 31627 2307 70 . . . 31627 2308 1 At at IN 31627 2308 2 the the DT 31627 2308 3 epoch epoch NN 31627 2308 4 referred refer VBD 31627 2308 5 to to TO 31627 2308 6 , , , 31627 2308 7 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2308 8 may may MD 31627 2308 9 also also RB 31627 2308 10 suppose suppose VB 31627 2308 11 that that IN 31627 2308 12 these these DT 31627 2308 13 two two CD 31627 2308 14 masses masse NNS 31627 2308 15 of of IN 31627 2308 16 matter matter NN 31627 2308 17 were be VBD 31627 2308 18 in in IN 31627 2308 19 a a DT 31627 2308 20 highly highly RB 31627 2308 21 incandescent incandescent NN 31627 2308 22 , , , 31627 2308 23 if if IN 31627 2308 24 not not RB 31627 2308 25 even even RB 31627 2308 26 gaseous gaseous JJ 31627 2308 27 , , , 31627 2308 28 state state NN 31627 2308 29 ; ; : 31627 2308 30 and and CC 31627 2308 31 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2308 32 conclude conclude VBP 31627 2308 33 , , , 31627 2308 34 therefore therefore RB 31627 2308 35 , , , 31627 2308 36 that that IN 31627 2308 37 having have VBG 31627 2308 38 been be VBN 31627 2308 39 once once RB 31627 2308 40 portions portion NNS 31627 2308 41 of of IN 31627 2308 42 the the DT 31627 2308 43 same same JJ 31627 2308 44 mass mass NN 31627 2308 45 , , , 31627 2308 46 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2308 47 are be VBP 31627 2308 48 composed compose VBN 31627 2308 49 of of IN 31627 2308 50 similar similar JJ 31627 2308 51 materials material NNS 31627 2308 52 . . . 31627 2309 1 This this DT 31627 2309 2 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 2309 3 is be VBZ 31627 2309 4 of of IN 31627 2309 5 great great JJ 31627 2309 6 importance importance NN 31627 2309 7 in in IN 31627 2309 8 enabling enable VBG 31627 2309 9 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2309 10 to to TO 31627 2309 11 reason reason VB 31627 2309 12 from from IN 31627 2309 13 analogy analogy NN 31627 2309 14 regarding regard VBG 31627 2309 15 the the DT 31627 2309 16 origin origin NN 31627 2309 17 of of IN 31627 2309 18 the the DT 31627 2309 19 physical physical JJ 31627 2309 20 features feature NNS 31627 2309 21 on on IN 31627 2309 22 the the DT 31627 2309 23 moon moon NN 31627 2309 24 's 's POS 31627 2309 25 surface surface NN 31627 2309 26 , , , 31627 2309 27 and and CC 31627 2309 28 for for IN 31627 2309 29 the the DT 31627 2309 30 purpose purpose NN 31627 2309 31 of of IN 31627 2309 32 comparison comparison NN 31627 2309 33 with with IN 31627 2309 34 those those DT 31627 2309 35 which which WDT 31627 2309 36 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2309 37 find find VBP 31627 2309 38 on on IN 31627 2309 39 the the DT 31627 2309 40 surface surface NN 31627 2309 41 of of IN 31627 2309 42 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2309 43 globe globe NN 31627 2309 44 ; ; : 31627 2309 45 because because IN 31627 2309 46 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2309 47 is be VBZ 31627 2309 48 evident evident JJ 31627 2309 49 that that IN 31627 2309 50 , , , 31627 2309 51 if if IN 31627 2309 52 the the DT 31627 2309 53 composition composition NN 31627 2309 54 of of IN 31627 2309 55 the the DT 31627 2309 56 moon moon NN 31627 2309 57 were be VBD 31627 2309 58 essentially essentially RB 31627 2309 59 different different JJ 31627 2309 60 from from IN 31627 2309 61 that that DT 31627 2309 62 of of IN 31627 2309 63 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2309 64 earth earth NN 31627 2309 65 , , , 31627 2309 66 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2309 67 should should MD 31627 2309 68 have have VB 31627 2309 69 no no DT 31627 2309 70 basis basis NN 31627 2309 71 whatever whatever WDT 31627 2309 72 for for IN 31627 2309 73 a a DT 31627 2309 74 comparison comparison NN 31627 2309 75 of of IN 31627 2309 76 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2309 77 physical physical JJ 31627 2309 78 features feature NNS 31627 2309 79 . . . 31627 2310 1 When when WRB 31627 2310 2 the the DT 31627 2310 3 moon moon NN 31627 2310 4 started start VBD 31627 2310 5 on on IN 31627 2310 6 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2310 7 career career NN 31627 2310 8 of of IN 31627 2310 9 revolution revolution NN 31627 2310 10 round round IN 31627 2310 11 the the DT 31627 2310 12 earth earth NN 31627 2310 13 , , , 31627 2310 14 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2310 15 may may MD 31627 2310 16 well well RB 31627 2310 17 suppose suppose VB 31627 2310 18 that that IN 31627 2310 19 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2310 20 orbit orbit NN 31627 2310 21 was be VBD 31627 2310 22 much much RB 31627 2310 23 smaller small JJR 31627 2310 24 than than IN 31627 2310 25 at at IN 31627 2310 26 present present NN 31627 2310 27 . . . 31627 2311 1 She -PRON- PRP 31627 2311 2 was be VBD 31627 2311 3 influenced influence VBN 31627 2311 4 by by IN 31627 2311 5 counteracting counteract VBG 31627 2311 6 forces force NNS 31627 2311 7 , , , 31627 2311 8 those those DT 31627 2311 9 of of IN 31627 2311 10 gravitation gravitation NN 31627 2311 11 drawing draw VBG 31627 2311 12 her -PRON- PRP 31627 2311 13 towards towards IN 31627 2311 14 the the DT 31627 2311 15 centre centre NN 31627 2311 16 of of IN 31627 2311 17 gravity gravity NN 31627 2311 18 of of IN 31627 2311 19 the the DT 31627 2311 20 earth,[1 earth,[1 NNP 31627 2311 21 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2311 22 and and CC 31627 2311 23 the the DT 31627 2311 24 centrifugal centrifugal JJ 31627 2311 25 force force NN 31627 2311 26 , , , 31627 2311 27 which which WDT 31627 2311 28 in in IN 31627 2311 29 the the DT 31627 2311 30 first first JJ 31627 2311 31 instance instance NN 31627 2311 32 was be VBD 31627 2311 33 the the DT 31627 2311 34 stronger strong JJR 31627 2311 35 , , , 31627 2311 36 so so IN 31627 2311 37 that that IN 31627 2311 38 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2311 39 orbit orbit NN 31627 2311 40 for for IN 31627 2311 41 a a DT 31627 2311 42 lengthened lengthen VBN 31627 2311 43 period period NN 31627 2311 44 gradually gradually RB 31627 2311 45 increased increase VBD 31627 2311 46 until until IN 31627 2311 47 the the DT 31627 2311 48 two two CD 31627 2311 49 forces force NNS 31627 2311 50 , , , 31627 2311 51 those those DT 31627 2311 52 of of IN 31627 2311 53 attraction attraction NN 31627 2311 54 and and CC 31627 2311 55 repulsion repulsion NN 31627 2311 56 , , , 31627 2311 57 came come VBD 31627 2311 58 into into IN 31627 2311 59 a a DT 31627 2311 60 condition condition NN 31627 2311 61 of of IN 31627 2311 62 equilibrium equilibrium NN 31627 2311 63 , , , 31627 2311 64 and and CC 31627 2311 65 she -PRON- PRP 31627 2311 66 now now RB 31627 2311 67 performs perform VBZ 31627 2311 68 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2311 69 revolution revolution NN 31627 2311 70 round round IN 31627 2311 71 the the DT 31627 2311 72 earth earth NN 31627 2311 73 at at IN 31627 2311 74 a a DT 31627 2311 75 mean mean JJ 31627 2311 76 distance distance NN 31627 2311 77 of of IN 31627 2311 78 240,000 240,000 CD 31627 2311 79 miles mile NNS 31627 2311 80 , , , 31627 2311 81 in in IN 31627 2311 82 an an DT 31627 2311 83 orbit orbit NN 31627 2311 84 which which WDT 31627 2311 85 is be VBZ 31627 2311 86 only only RB 31627 2311 87 very very RB 31627 2311 88 slightly slightly RB 31627 2311 89 elliptical elliptical JJ 31627 2311 90 . . . 31627 2312 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2312 2 2 2 LS 31627 2312 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2312 4 How how WRB 31627 2312 5 the the DT 31627 2312 6 period period NN 31627 2312 7 of of IN 31627 2312 8 the the DT 31627 2312 9 moon moon NN 31627 2312 10 's 's POS 31627 2312 11 rotation rotation NN 31627 2312 12 is be VBZ 31627 2312 13 regulated regulate VBN 31627 2312 14 by by IN 31627 2312 15 the the DT 31627 2312 16 earth earth NN 31627 2312 17 's 's POS 31627 2312 18 attraction attraction NN 31627 2312 19 on on IN 31627 2312 20 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2312 21 molten molten JJ 31627 2312 22 lava lava NN 31627 2312 23 - - HYPH 31627 2312 24 sheets sheet NNS 31627 2312 25 , , , 31627 2312 26 first first RB 31627 2312 27 at at IN 31627 2312 28 the the DT 31627 2312 29 surface surface NN 31627 2312 30 , , , 31627 2312 31 and and CC 31627 2312 32 now now RB 31627 2312 33 probably probably RB 31627 2312 34 below below IN 31627 2312 35 the the DT 31627 2312 36 outer outer JJ 31627 2312 37 crust crust NN 31627 2312 38 , , , 31627 2312 39 has have VBZ 31627 2312 40 been be VBN 31627 2312 41 graphically graphically RB 31627 2312 42 shown show VBN 31627 2312 43 by by IN 31627 2312 44 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2312 45 Robert Robert NNP 31627 2312 46 Ball,[3 Ball,[3 NNP 31627 2312 47 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2312 48 but but CC 31627 2312 49 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2312 50 can can MD 31627 2312 51 not not RB 31627 2312 52 be be VB 31627 2312 53 doubted doubt VBN 31627 2312 54 that that IN 31627 2312 55 once once IN 31627 2312 56 the the DT 31627 2312 57 moon moon NN 31627 2312 58 was be VBD 31627 2312 59 appreciably appreciably RB 31627 2312 60 nearer nearer JJ 31627 2312 61 to to IN 31627 2312 62 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2312 63 globe globe NN 31627 2312 64 than than IN 31627 2312 65 at at IN 31627 2312 66 present present NN 31627 2312 67 . . . 31627 2313 1 The the DT 31627 2313 2 attraction attraction NN 31627 2313 3 of of IN 31627 2313 4 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2313 5 mass mass NN 31627 2313 6 produced produce VBN 31627 2313 7 tides tide NNS 31627 2313 8 in in IN 31627 2313 9 the the DT 31627 2313 10 ocean ocean NN 31627 2313 11 of of IN 31627 2313 12 correspondingly correspondingly RB 31627 2313 13 greater great JJR 31627 2313 14 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 2313 15 , , , 31627 2313 16 and and CC 31627 2313 17 capable capable JJ 31627 2313 18 of of IN 31627 2313 19 effecting effect VBG 31627 2313 20 results result NNS 31627 2313 21 , , , 31627 2313 22 both both CC 31627 2313 23 in in IN 31627 2313 24 eroding erode VBG 31627 2313 25 the the DT 31627 2313 26 surface surface NN 31627 2313 27 and and CC 31627 2313 28 in in IN 31627 2313 29 transporting transport VBG 31627 2313 30 masses masse NNS 31627 2313 31 of of IN 31627 2313 32 rock rock NN 31627 2313 33 , , , 31627 2313 34 far far RB 31627 2313 35 beyond beyond IN 31627 2313 36 the the DT 31627 2313 37 bounds bound NNS 31627 2313 38 of of IN 31627 2313 39 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2313 40 every every DT 31627 2313 41 - - HYPH 31627 2313 42 day day NN 31627 2313 43 experience experience NN 31627 2313 44 . . . 31627 2314 1 Of of IN 31627 2314 2 all all PDT 31627 2314 3 the the DT 31627 2314 4 heavenly heavenly JJ 31627 2314 5 bodies body NNS 31627 2314 6 , , , 31627 2314 7 the the DT 31627 2314 8 sun sun NN 31627 2314 9 excepted except VBD 31627 2314 10 , , , 31627 2314 11 the the DT 31627 2314 12 moon moon NN 31627 2314 13 is be VBZ 31627 2314 14 the the DT 31627 2314 15 most most RBS 31627 2314 16 impressive impressive JJ 31627 2314 17 and and CC 31627 2314 18 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 2314 19 . . . 31627 2315 1 As as IN 31627 2315 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2315 3 catch catch VBP 31627 2315 4 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2315 5 form form NN 31627 2315 6 , , , 31627 2315 7 rising rise VBG 31627 2315 8 as as IN 31627 2315 9 a a DT 31627 2315 10 fair fair JJ 31627 2315 11 crescent crescent NN 31627 2315 12 in in IN 31627 2315 13 the the DT 31627 2315 14 western western JJ 31627 2315 15 sky sky NN 31627 2315 16 after after IN 31627 2315 17 sunset sunset NN 31627 2315 18 , , , 31627 2315 19 gradually gradually RB 31627 2315 20 increasing increase VBG 31627 2315 21 in in IN 31627 2315 22 size size NN 31627 2315 23 and and CC 31627 2315 24 brilliancy brilliancy NN 31627 2315 25 night night NN 31627 2315 26 after after IN 31627 2315 27 night night NN 31627 2315 28 till till IN 31627 2315 29 from from IN 31627 2315 30 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2315 31 circular circular JJ 31627 2315 32 disk disk NN 31627 2315 33 she -PRON- PRP 31627 2315 34 throws throw VBZ 31627 2315 35 a a DT 31627 2315 36 full full JJ 31627 2315 37 flood flood NN 31627 2315 38 of of IN 31627 2315 39 light light NN 31627 2315 40 on on IN 31627 2315 41 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2315 42 world world NN 31627 2315 43 and and CC 31627 2315 44 then then RB 31627 2315 45 passes pass VBZ 31627 2315 46 through through IN 31627 2315 47 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2315 48 decreasing decrease VBG 31627 2315 49 phases phase NNS 31627 2315 50 , , , 31627 2315 51 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2315 52 recognise recognise VBP 31627 2315 53 her -PRON- PRP 31627 2315 54 as as IN 31627 2315 55 " " `` 31627 2315 56 the the DT 31627 2315 57 Governor Governor NNP 31627 2315 58 of of IN 31627 2315 59 the the DT 31627 2315 60 night night NN 31627 2315 61 , , , 31627 2315 62 " " '' 31627 2315 63 or or CC 31627 2315 64 in in IN 31627 2315 65 the the DT 31627 2315 66 words word NNS 31627 2315 67 of of IN 31627 2315 68 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2315 69 own own JJ 31627 2315 70 poet poet NN 31627 2315 71 , , , 31627 2315 72 when when WRB 31627 2315 73 in in IN 31627 2315 74 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2315 75 crescent crescent JJ 31627 2315 76 phase phase NN 31627 2315 77 , , , 31627 2315 78 " " '' 31627 2315 79 the the DT 31627 2315 80 Diadem Diadem NNP 31627 2315 81 of of IN 31627 2315 82 night night NN 31627 2315 83 . . . 31627 2315 84 " " '' 31627 2316 1 Seen see VBN 31627 2316 2 through through IN 31627 2316 3 a a DT 31627 2316 4 good good JJ 31627 2316 5 binocular binocular JJ 31627 2316 6 glass glass NN 31627 2316 7 , , , 31627 2316 8 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2316 9 form form NN 31627 2316 10 gains gain NNS 31627 2316 11 in in IN 31627 2316 12 rotundity rotundity NN 31627 2316 13 ; ; : 31627 2316 14 but but CC 31627 2316 15 under under IN 31627 2316 16 an an DT 31627 2316 17 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 2316 18 telescope telescope NN 31627 2316 19 with with IN 31627 2316 20 a a DT 31627 2316 21 four four CD 31627 2316 22 - - HYPH 31627 2316 23 inch inch NN 31627 2316 24 objective objective NN 31627 2316 25 , , , 31627 2316 26 she -PRON- PRP 31627 2316 27 appears appear VBZ 31627 2316 28 like like IN 31627 2316 29 a a DT 31627 2316 30 globe globe NN 31627 2316 31 of of IN 31627 2316 32 molten molten JJ 31627 2316 33 gold gold NN 31627 2316 34 . . . 31627 2317 1 Yet yet RB 31627 2317 2 all all PDT 31627 2317 3 this this DT 31627 2317 4 light light NN 31627 2317 5 is be VBZ 31627 2317 6 derivative derivative JJ 31627 2317 7 , , , 31627 2317 8 and and CC 31627 2317 9 is be VBZ 31627 2317 10 only only RB 31627 2317 11 a a DT 31627 2317 12 small small JJ 31627 2317 13 portion portion NN 31627 2317 14 of of IN 31627 2317 15 that that DT 31627 2317 16 she -PRON- PRP 31627 2317 17 receives receive VBZ 31627 2317 18 from from IN 31627 2317 19 the the DT 31627 2317 20 sun sun NN 31627 2317 21 . . . 31627 2318 1 That that IN 31627 2318 2 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2318 3 surface surface NN 31627 2318 4 is be VBZ 31627 2318 5 a a DT 31627 2318 6 mass mass NN 31627 2318 7 of of IN 31627 2318 8 rigid rigid JJ 31627 2318 9 matter matter NN 31627 2318 10 destitute destitute NN 31627 2318 11 of of IN 31627 2318 12 any any DT 31627 2318 13 inherent inherent JJ 31627 2318 14 brilliancy brilliancy NN 31627 2318 15 , , , 31627 2318 16 appears appear VBZ 31627 2318 17 plain plain JJ 31627 2318 18 enough enough RB 31627 2318 19 when when WRB 31627 2318 20 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2318 21 view view VBP 31627 2318 22 a a DT 31627 2318 23 portion portion NN 31627 2318 24 of of IN 31627 2318 25 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2318 26 disk disk NN 31627 2318 27 through through IN 31627 2318 28 a a DT 31627 2318 29 very very RB 31627 2318 30 large large JJ 31627 2318 31 telescope telescope NN 31627 2318 32 . . . 31627 2319 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2319 2 was be VBD 31627 2319 3 the the DT 31627 2319 4 good good JJ 31627 2319 5 fortune fortune NN 31627 2319 6 of of IN 31627 2319 7 the the DT 31627 2319 8 author author NN 31627 2319 9 to to TO 31627 2319 10 have have VB 31627 2319 11 an an DT 31627 2319 12 opportunity opportunity NN 31627 2319 13 for for IN 31627 2319 14 such such PDT 31627 2319 15 a a DT 31627 2319 16 view view NN 31627 2319 17 through through IN 31627 2319 18 one one CD 31627 2319 19 of of IN 31627 2319 20 the the DT 31627 2319 21 largest large JJS 31627 2319 22 telescopes telescope NNS 31627 2319 23 in in IN 31627 2319 24 the the DT 31627 2319 25 world world NN 31627 2319 26 . . . 31627 2320 1 The the DT 31627 2320 2 27-inch 27-inch CD 31627 2320 3 refractor refractor NN 31627 2320 4 manufactured manufacture VBN 31627 2320 5 by by IN 31627 2320 6 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2320 7 Howard Howard NNP 31627 2320 8 Grubb Grubb NNP 31627 2320 9 of of IN 31627 2320 10 Dublin Dublin NNP 31627 2320 11 , , , 31627 2320 12 for for IN 31627 2320 13 the the DT 31627 2320 14 Vienna Vienna NNP 31627 2320 15 observatory observatory NN 31627 2320 16 , , , 31627 2320 17 a a DT 31627 2320 18 few few JJ 31627 2320 19 years year NNS 31627 2320 20 ago ago RB 31627 2320 21 , , , 31627 2320 22 was be VBD 31627 2320 23 turned turn VBN 31627 2320 24 on on RP 31627 2320 25 a a DT 31627 2320 26 portion portion NN 31627 2320 27 of of IN 31627 2320 28 the the DT 31627 2320 29 moon moon NN 31627 2320 30 's 's POS 31627 2320 31 disk disk NN 31627 2320 32 before before IN 31627 2320 33 being be VBG 31627 2320 34 finally finally RB 31627 2320 35 sent send VBN 31627 2320 36 off off RP 31627 2320 37 to to IN 31627 2320 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2320 39 destination destination NN 31627 2320 40 ; ; : 31627 2320 41 and and CC 31627 2320 42 seen see VBN 31627 2320 43 by by IN 31627 2320 44 the the DT 31627 2320 45 aid aid NN 31627 2320 46 of of IN 31627 2320 47 such such JJ 31627 2320 48 enormous enormous JJ 31627 2320 49 magnifying magnifying NN 31627 2320 50 power power NN 31627 2320 51 , , , 31627 2320 52 nothing nothing NN 31627 2320 53 could could MD 31627 2320 54 be be VB 31627 2320 55 more more RBR 31627 2320 56 disappointing disappointing JJ 31627 2320 57 as as IN 31627 2320 58 regards regard VBZ 31627 2320 59 the the DT 31627 2320 60 appearance appearance NN 31627 2320 61 of of IN 31627 2320 62 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2320 63 satellite satellite NN 31627 2320 64 . . . 31627 2321 1 The the DT 31627 2321 2 sheen sheen NN 31627 2321 3 and and CC 31627 2321 4 lustre lustre NN 31627 2321 5 of of IN 31627 2321 6 the the DT 31627 2321 7 surface surface NN 31627 2321 8 was be VBD 31627 2321 9 now now RB 31627 2321 10 observed observe VBN 31627 2321 11 no no RB 31627 2321 12 longer longer RB 31627 2321 13 ; ; : 31627 2321 14 the the DT 31627 2321 15 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2321 16 and and CC 31627 2321 17 valleys valley NNS 31627 2321 18 , , , 31627 2321 19 the the DT 31627 2321 20 circular circular JJ 31627 2321 21 ridges ridge NNS 31627 2321 22 and and CC 31627 2321 23 hollows hollow NNS 31627 2321 24 were be VBD 31627 2321 25 , , , 31627 2321 26 indeed indeed RB 31627 2321 27 , , , 31627 2321 28 wonderfully wonderfully RB 31627 2321 29 defined define VBN 31627 2321 30 and and CC 31627 2321 31 magnified magnify VBN 31627 2321 32 , , , 31627 2321 33 but but CC 31627 2321 34 the the DT 31627 2321 35 matter matter NN 31627 2321 36 of of IN 31627 2321 37 which which WDT 31627 2321 38 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2321 39 seemed seem VBD 31627 2321 40 to to TO 31627 2321 41 be be VB 31627 2321 42 constituted constitute VBN 31627 2321 43 resembled resemble VBN 31627 2321 44 nothing nothing NN 31627 2321 45 so so RB 31627 2321 46 much much RB 31627 2321 47 as as IN 31627 2321 48 the the DT 31627 2321 49 pale pale JJ 31627 2321 50 plaster plaster NN 31627 2321 51 of of IN 31627 2321 52 a a DT 31627 2321 53 model model NN 31627 2321 54 . . . 31627 2322 1 One one PRP 31627 2322 2 could could MD 31627 2322 3 thus thus RB 31627 2322 4 fully fully RB 31627 2322 5 realise realise VB 31627 2322 6 the the DT 31627 2322 7 fact fact NN 31627 2322 8 that that IN 31627 2322 9 the the DT 31627 2322 10 moon moon NN 31627 2322 11 's 's POS 31627 2322 12 light light NN 31627 2322 13 is be VBZ 31627 2322 14 only only RB 31627 2322 15 derivative derivative JJ 31627 2322 16 . . . 31627 2323 1 Still still RB 31627 2323 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2323 3 must must MD 31627 2323 4 recollect recollect VB 31627 2323 5 that that IN 31627 2323 6 the the DT 31627 2323 7 most most RBS 31627 2323 8 powerful powerful JJ 31627 2323 9 telescope telescope NN 31627 2323 10 can can MD 31627 2323 11 only only RB 31627 2323 12 bring bring VB 31627 2323 13 the the DT 31627 2323 14 surface surface NN 31627 2323 15 of of IN 31627 2323 16 the the DT 31627 2323 17 moon moon NN 31627 2323 18 to to IN 31627 2323 19 a a DT 31627 2323 20 distance distance NN 31627 2323 21 from from IN 31627 2323 22 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2323 23 of of IN 31627 2323 24 about about RB 31627 2323 25 250 250 CD 31627 2323 26 miles mile NNS 31627 2323 27 ; ; : 31627 2323 28 and and CC 31627 2323 29 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2323 30 need nee MD 31627 2323 31 not not RB 31627 2323 32 be be VB 31627 2323 33 said say VBN 31627 2323 34 that that IN 31627 2323 35 objects object NNS 31627 2323 36 seen see VBN 31627 2323 37 at at IN 31627 2323 38 such such PDT 31627 2323 39 a a DT 31627 2323 40 distance distance NN 31627 2323 41 on on IN 31627 2323 42 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2323 43 earth earth NN 31627 2323 44 present present VBP 31627 2323 45 very very RB 31627 2323 46 deceptive deceptive JJ 31627 2323 47 appearances appearance NNS 31627 2323 48 ; ; : 31627 2323 49 so so CC 31627 2323 50 that that IN 31627 2323 51 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2323 52 gain gain VBP 31627 2323 53 little little JJ 31627 2323 54 information information NN 31627 2323 55 regarding regard VBG 31627 2323 56 the the DT 31627 2323 57 composition composition NN 31627 2323 58 of of IN 31627 2323 59 the the DT 31627 2323 60 moon moon NN 31627 2323 61 's 's POS 31627 2323 62 crust crust NN 31627 2323 63 , , , 31627 2323 64 or or CC 31627 2323 65 exterior exterior NN 31627 2323 66 surface surface NN 31627 2323 67 , , , 31627 2323 68 simply simply RB 31627 2323 69 from from IN 31627 2323 70 observation observation NN 31627 2323 71 by by IN 31627 2323 72 the the DT 31627 2323 73 aid aid NN 31627 2323 74 of of IN 31627 2323 75 large large JJ 31627 2323 76 telescopes telescope NNS 31627 2323 77 . . . 31627 2324 1 Reasoning reason VBG 31627 2324 2 from from IN 31627 2324 3 analogy analogy NN 31627 2324 4 with with IN 31627 2324 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2324 6 globe globe NN 31627 2324 7 , , , 31627 2324 8 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2324 9 may may MD 31627 2324 10 infer infer VB 31627 2324 11 that that IN 31627 2324 12 the the DT 31627 2324 13 exterior exterior NNP 31627 2324 14 shell shell NN 31627 2324 15 of of IN 31627 2324 16 the the DT 31627 2324 17 moon moon NN 31627 2324 18 consists consist VBZ 31627 2324 19 of of IN 31627 2324 20 crystalline crystalline JJ 31627 2324 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2324 22 matter matter NN 31627 2324 23 of of IN 31627 2324 24 the the DT 31627 2324 25 highly highly RB 31627 2324 26 silicated silicated JJ 31627 2324 27 , , , 31627 2324 28 or or CC 31627 2324 29 acid acid NN 31627 2324 30 , , , 31627 2324 31 varieties variety NNS 31627 2324 32 resting rest VBG 31627 2324 33 upon upon IN 31627 2324 34 another another DT 31627 2324 35 of of IN 31627 2324 36 a a DT 31627 2324 37 denser denser NN 31627 2324 38 description description NN 31627 2324 39 , , , 31627 2324 40 rich rich JJ 31627 2324 41 in in IN 31627 2324 42 iron iron NN 31627 2324 43 , , , 31627 2324 44 and and CC 31627 2324 45 resembling resemble VBG 31627 2324 46 basalt basalt NN 31627 2324 47 . . . 31627 2325 1 This this DT 31627 2325 2 hypothesis hypothesis NN 31627 2325 3 is be VBZ 31627 2325 4 hazarded hazard VBN 31627 2325 5 on on IN 31627 2325 6 the the DT 31627 2325 7 supposition supposition NN 31627 2325 8 that that IN 31627 2325 9 the the DT 31627 2325 10 composition composition NN 31627 2325 11 of of IN 31627 2325 12 the the DT 31627 2325 13 matter matter NN 31627 2325 14 of of IN 31627 2325 15 the the DT 31627 2325 16 moon moon NN 31627 2325 17 's 's POS 31627 2325 18 mass mass NN 31627 2325 19 resembles resemble NNS 31627 2325 20 in in IN 31627 2325 21 the the DT 31627 2325 22 main main JJ 31627 2325 23 that that DT 31627 2325 24 of of IN 31627 2325 25 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2325 26 globe globe NN 31627 2325 27 . . . 31627 2326 1 During during IN 31627 2326 2 the the DT 31627 2326 3 process process NN 31627 2326 4 of of IN 31627 2326 5 cooling cool VBG 31627 2326 6 from from IN 31627 2326 7 a a DT 31627 2326 8 molten molten JJ 31627 2326 9 condition condition NN 31627 2326 10 , , , 31627 2326 11 the the DT 31627 2326 12 heavier heavy JJR 31627 2326 13 lavas lavas NNP 31627 2326 14 would would MD 31627 2326 15 tend tend VB 31627 2326 16 to to TO 31627 2326 17 fall fall VB 31627 2326 18 inwards inward NNS 31627 2326 19 , , , 31627 2326 20 and and CC 31627 2326 21 allow allow VB 31627 2326 22 the the DT 31627 2326 23 lighter light JJR 31627 2326 24 to to TO 31627 2326 25 come come VB 31627 2326 26 to to IN 31627 2326 27 the the DT 31627 2326 28 surface surface NN 31627 2326 29 , , , 31627 2326 30 and and CC 31627 2326 31 form form VB 31627 2326 32 the the DT 31627 2326 33 outer outer JJ 31627 2326 34 shell shell NN 31627 2326 35 in in IN 31627 2326 36 both both DT 31627 2326 37 cases case NNS 31627 2326 38 . . . 31627 2327 1 Thus thus RB 31627 2327 2 , , , 31627 2327 3 the the DT 31627 2327 4 outer outer JJ 31627 2327 5 crust crust NN 31627 2327 6 would would MD 31627 2327 7 resemble resemble VB 31627 2327 8 the the DT 31627 2327 9 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 2327 10 lavas lavas NNP 31627 2327 11 of of IN 31627 2327 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2327 13 globe globe NN 31627 2327 14 , , , 31627 2327 15 and and CC 31627 2327 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2327 17 pale pale JJ 31627 2327 18 colour colour NN 31627 2327 19 would would MD 31627 2327 20 enable enable VB 31627 2327 21 the the DT 31627 2327 22 sun sun NN 31627 2327 23 's 's POS 31627 2327 24 rays ray NNS 31627 2327 25 to to TO 31627 2327 26 be be VB 31627 2327 27 reflected reflect VBN 31627 2327 28 to to IN 31627 2327 29 a a DT 31627 2327 30 greater great JJR 31627 2327 31 extent extent NN 31627 2327 32 than than IN 31627 2327 33 if if IN 31627 2327 34 the the DT 31627 2327 35 material material NN 31627 2327 36 were be VBD 31627 2327 37 of of IN 31627 2327 38 the the DT 31627 2327 39 blackness blackness NN 31627 2327 40 of of IN 31627 2327 41 basalt basalt NN 31627 2327 42 . . . 31627 2328 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2328 2 4 4 LS 31627 2328 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2328 4 So so RB 31627 2328 5 much much JJ 31627 2328 6 for for IN 31627 2328 7 the the DT 31627 2328 8 material material NN 31627 2328 9 . . . 31627 2329 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 2329 2 have have VBP 31627 2329 3 now now RB 31627 2329 4 to to TO 31627 2329 5 consider consider VB 31627 2329 6 the the DT 31627 2329 7 structure structure NN 31627 2329 8 of of IN 31627 2329 9 the the DT 31627 2329 10 moon moon NN 31627 2329 11 's 's POS 31627 2329 12 surface surface NN 31627 2329 13 , , , 31627 2329 14 and and CC 31627 2329 15 here here RB 31627 2329 16 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2329 17 find find VBP 31627 2329 18 ourselves -PRON- PRP 31627 2329 19 treading tread VBG 31627 2329 20 on on RP 31627 2329 21 less less RBR 31627 2329 22 speculative speculative JJ 31627 2329 23 and and CC 31627 2329 24 safer safe JJR 31627 2329 25 ground ground NN 31627 2329 26 . . . 31627 2330 1 All all DT 31627 2330 2 astronomers astronomer NNS 31627 2330 3 since since IN 31627 2330 4 the the DT 31627 2330 5 time time NN 31627 2330 6 of of IN 31627 2330 7 Schroter Schroter NNP 31627 2330 8 seem seem VBP 31627 2330 9 to to TO 31627 2330 10 be be VB 31627 2330 11 of of IN 31627 2330 12 accord accord NN 31627 2330 13 in in IN 31627 2330 14 the the DT 31627 2330 15 opinion opinion NN 31627 2330 16 that that IN 31627 2330 17 the the DT 31627 2330 18 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2330 19 features feature NNS 31627 2330 20 of of IN 31627 2330 21 the the DT 31627 2330 22 moon moon NN 31627 2330 23 's 's POS 31627 2330 24 surface surface NN 31627 2330 25 are be VBP 31627 2330 26 in in IN 31627 2330 27 some some DT 31627 2330 28 measure measure NN 31627 2330 29 of of IN 31627 2330 30 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2330 31 origin origin NN 31627 2330 32 , , , 31627 2330 33 and and CC 31627 2330 34 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2330 35 shall shall MD 31627 2330 36 presently presently RB 31627 2330 37 proceed proceed VB 31627 2330 38 to to TO 31627 2330 39 consider consider VB 31627 2330 40 the the DT 31627 2330 41 character character NN 31627 2330 42 of of IN 31627 2330 43 these these DT 31627 2330 44 forms form NNS 31627 2330 45 more more RBR 31627 2330 46 in in IN 31627 2330 47 detail detail NN 31627 2330 48 . . . 31627 2331 1 But but CC 31627 2331 2 first first RB 31627 2331 3 , , , 31627 2331 4 and and CC 31627 2331 5 as as IN 31627 2331 6 leading lead VBG 31627 2331 7 up up IN 31627 2331 8 to to IN 31627 2331 9 the the DT 31627 2331 10 discussion discussion NN 31627 2331 11 of of IN 31627 2331 12 these these DT 31627 2331 13 physical physical JJ 31627 2331 14 features feature NNS 31627 2331 15 , , , 31627 2331 16 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2331 17 must must MD 31627 2331 18 notice notice VB 31627 2331 19 one one CD 31627 2331 20 essential essential JJ 31627 2331 21 difference difference NN 31627 2331 22 between between IN 31627 2331 23 the the DT 31627 2331 24 constitution constitution NN 31627 2331 25 of of IN 31627 2331 26 the the DT 31627 2331 27 moon moon NN 31627 2331 28 and and CC 31627 2331 29 of of IN 31627 2331 30 the the DT 31627 2331 31 earth earth NN 31627 2331 32 ; ; : 31627 2331 33 namely namely RB 31627 2331 34 , , , 31627 2331 35 the the DT 31627 2331 36 absence absence NN 31627 2331 37 of of IN 31627 2331 38 water water NN 31627 2331 39 and and CC 31627 2331 40 of of IN 31627 2331 41 an an DT 31627 2331 42 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 2331 43 in in IN 31627 2331 44 the the DT 31627 2331 45 case case NN 31627 2331 46 of of IN 31627 2331 47 the the DT 31627 2331 48 moon moon NN 31627 2331 49 . . . 31627 2332 1 The the DT 31627 2332 2 sudden sudden JJ 31627 2332 3 and and CC 31627 2332 4 complete complete JJ 31627 2332 5 occultation occultation NN 31627 2332 6 of of IN 31627 2332 7 the the DT 31627 2332 8 stars star NNS 31627 2332 9 when when WRB 31627 2332 10 the the DT 31627 2332 11 moon moon NN 31627 2332 12 's 's POS 31627 2332 13 disk disk NN 31627 2332 14 passes pass VBZ 31627 2332 15 between between IN 31627 2332 16 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2332 17 and and CC 31627 2332 18 the the DT 31627 2332 19 place place NN 31627 2332 20 of of IN 31627 2332 21 the the DT 31627 2332 22 observer observer NN 31627 2332 23 on on IN 31627 2332 24 the the DT 31627 2332 25 earth earth NN 31627 2332 26 's 's POS 31627 2332 27 surface surface NN 31627 2332 28 , , , 31627 2332 29 is be VBZ 31627 2332 30 sufficient sufficient JJ 31627 2332 31 evidence evidence NN 31627 2332 32 of of IN 31627 2332 33 the the DT 31627 2332 34 absence absence NN 31627 2332 35 of of IN 31627 2332 36 air air NN 31627 2332 37 ; ; : 31627 2332 38 and and CC 31627 2332 39 , , , 31627 2332 40 as as IN 31627 2332 41 no no DT 31627 2332 42 cloud cloud NN 31627 2332 43 has have VBZ 31627 2332 44 ever ever RB 31627 2332 45 been be VBN 31627 2332 46 noticed notice VBN 31627 2332 47 to to TO 31627 2332 48 veil veil VB 31627 2332 49 even even RB 31627 2332 50 for for IN 31627 2332 51 a a DT 31627 2332 52 moment moment NN 31627 2332 53 any any DT 31627 2332 54 part part NN 31627 2332 55 of of IN 31627 2332 56 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2332 57 satellite satellite NN 31627 2332 58 's 's POS 31627 2332 59 face face NN 31627 2332 60 , , , 31627 2332 61 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2332 62 are be VBP 31627 2332 63 pretty pretty RB 31627 2332 64 safe safe JJ 31627 2332 65 in in IN 31627 2332 66 concluding conclude VBG 31627 2332 67 that that IN 31627 2332 68 there there EX 31627 2332 69 is be VBZ 31627 2332 70 no no DT 31627 2332 71 water water NN 31627 2332 72 ; ; : 31627 2332 73 or or CC 31627 2332 74 at at IN 31627 2332 75 least least JJS 31627 2332 76 , , , 31627 2332 77 if if IN 31627 2332 78 there there EX 31627 2332 79 be be VB 31627 2332 80 any any DT 31627 2332 81 , , , 31627 2332 82 that that IN 31627 2332 83 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2332 84 is be VBZ 31627 2332 85 inappreciable inappreciable JJ 31627 2332 86 in in IN 31627 2332 87 quantity quantity NN 31627 2332 88 . . . 31627 2333 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2333 2 5 5 LS 31627 2333 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2333 4 Hence hence RB 31627 2333 5 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2333 6 infer infer VBP 31627 2333 7 that that IN 31627 2333 8 there there EX 31627 2333 9 is be VBZ 31627 2333 10 no no DT 31627 2333 11 animal animal NN 31627 2333 12 or or CC 31627 2333 13 vegetable vegetable JJ 31627 2333 14 life life NN 31627 2333 15 on on IN 31627 2333 16 the the DT 31627 2333 17 moon moon NN 31627 2333 18 's 's POS 31627 2333 19 surface surface NN 31627 2333 20 ; ; : 31627 2333 21 neither neither DT 31627 2333 22 are be VBP 31627 2333 23 there there EX 31627 2333 24 oceans ocean NNS 31627 2333 25 , , , 31627 2333 26 lakes lake NNS 31627 2333 27 or or CC 31627 2333 28 rivers river NNS 31627 2333 29 , , , 31627 2333 30 snowfields snowfield NNS 31627 2333 31 or or CC 31627 2333 32 glaciers glacier NNS 31627 2333 33 , , , 31627 2333 34 river river NN 31627 2333 35 - - HYPH 31627 2333 36 valleys valley NNS 31627 2333 37 or or CC 31627 2333 38 cañons cañon NNS 31627 2333 39 , , , 31627 2333 40 islands island NNS 31627 2333 41 , , , 31627 2333 42 stratified stratified JJ 31627 2333 43 rocks rock NNS 31627 2333 44 , , , 31627 2333 45 nor nor CC 31627 2333 46 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2333 47 of of IN 31627 2333 48 the the DT 31627 2333 49 kind kind NN 31627 2333 50 most most RBS 31627 2333 51 prevalent prevalent JJ 31627 2333 52 on on IN 31627 2333 53 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2333 54 own own JJ 31627 2333 55 globe globe NN 31627 2333 56 . . . 31627 2334 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2334 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 2334 3 : : : 31627 2334 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 2334 5 . . . 31627 2335 1 38.--Photograph 38.--photograph CD 31627 2335 2 of of IN 31627 2335 3 the the DT 31627 2335 4 moon moon NN 31627 2335 5 's 's POS 31627 2335 6 surface surface NN 31627 2335 7 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2335 8 in in IN 31627 2335 9 part part NN 31627 2335 10 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2335 11 showing show VBG 31627 2335 12 the the DT 31627 2335 13 illuminated illuminate VBN 31627 2335 14 " " `` 31627 2335 15 spots spot NNS 31627 2335 16 , , , 31627 2335 17 " " '' 31627 2335 18 and and CC 31627 2335 19 ridges ridge VBZ 31627 2335 20 , , , 31627 2335 21 and and CC 31627 2335 22 the the DT 31627 2335 23 deep deep JJ 31627 2335 24 hollows hollow NNS 31627 2335 25 . . . 31627 2336 1 The the DT 31627 2336 2 position position NN 31627 2336 3 of of IN 31627 2336 4 " " `` 31627 2336 5 Tycho Tycho NNP 31627 2336 6 " " '' 31627 2336 7 is be VBZ 31627 2336 8 shown show VBN 31627 2336 9 near near IN 31627 2336 10 the the DT 31627 2336 11 upper upper JJ 31627 2336 12 edge edge NN 31627 2336 13 , , , 31627 2336 14 and and CC 31627 2336 15 some some DT 31627 2336 16 of of IN 31627 2336 17 the the DT 31627 2336 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2336 19 craters crater NNS 31627 2336 20 are be VBP 31627 2336 21 very very RB 31627 2336 22 clearly clearly RB 31627 2336 23 seen see VBN 31627 2336 24 near near IN 31627 2336 25 the the DT 31627 2336 26 margin margin NN 31627 2336 27 . . . 31627 2336 28 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2337 1 Now now RB 31627 2337 2 on on RB 31627 2337 3 looking look VBG 31627 2337 4 at at IN 31627 2337 5 a a DT 31627 2337 6 photographic photographic JJ 31627 2337 7 picture picture NN 31627 2337 8 of of IN 31627 2337 9 the the DT 31627 2337 10 moon moon NN 31627 2337 11 's 's POS 31627 2337 12 surface surface NN 31627 2337 13 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2337 14 Fig fig NN 31627 2337 15 . . . 31627 2338 1 38 38 CD 31627 2338 2 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2338 3 , , , 31627 2338 4 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2338 5 observe observe VBP 31627 2338 6 that that IN 31627 2338 7 there there EX 31627 2338 8 are be VBP 31627 2338 9 enormous enormous JJ 31627 2338 10 dark dark JJ 31627 2338 11 spaces space NNS 31627 2338 12 , , , 31627 2338 13 irregular irregular JJ 31627 2338 14 in in IN 31627 2338 15 outline outline NN 31627 2338 16 , , , 31627 2338 17 but but CC 31627 2338 18 more more RBR 31627 2338 19 or or CC 31627 2338 20 less less RBR 31627 2338 21 approaching approach VBG 31627 2338 22 the the DT 31627 2338 23 circular circular JJ 31627 2338 24 form form NN 31627 2338 25 , , , 31627 2338 26 surrounded surround VBN 31627 2338 27 by by IN 31627 2338 28 steep steep JJ 31627 2338 29 and and CC 31627 2338 30 precipitous precipitous JJ 31627 2338 31 declivities declivity NNS 31627 2338 32 , , , 31627 2338 33 but but CC 31627 2338 34 with with IN 31627 2338 35 sides side NNS 31627 2338 36 sloping slope VBG 31627 2338 37 outwards outward NNS 31627 2338 38 . . . 31627 2339 1 These these DT 31627 2339 2 were be VBD 31627 2339 3 supposed suppose VBN 31627 2339 4 at at IN 31627 2339 5 one one CD 31627 2339 6 time time NN 31627 2339 7 to to TO 31627 2339 8 be be VB 31627 2339 9 seas sea NNS 31627 2339 10 ; ; : 31627 2339 11 and and CC 31627 2339 12 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2339 13 retain retain VBP 31627 2339 14 the the DT 31627 2339 15 name name NN 31627 2339 16 , , , 31627 2339 17 though though IN 31627 2339 18 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2339 19 is be VBZ 31627 2339 20 universally universally RB 31627 2339 21 admitted admit VBN 31627 2339 22 that that IN 31627 2339 23 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2339 24 contain contain VBP 31627 2339 25 no no DT 31627 2339 26 water water NN 31627 2339 27 . . . 31627 2340 1 Some some DT 31627 2340 2 of of IN 31627 2340 3 these these DT 31627 2340 4 hollows hollow NNS 31627 2340 5 are be VBP 31627 2340 6 four four CD 31627 2340 7 English english JJ 31627 2340 8 miles mile NNS 31627 2340 9 in in IN 31627 2340 10 depth depth NN 31627 2340 11 . . . 31627 2341 1 The the DT 31627 2341 2 largest large JJS 31627 2341 3 of of IN 31627 2341 4 these these DT 31627 2341 5 , , , 31627 2341 6 situated situate VBN 31627 2341 7 near near IN 31627 2341 8 the the DT 31627 2341 9 north north NNP 31627 2341 10 pole pole NNP 31627 2341 11 of of IN 31627 2341 12 the the DT 31627 2341 13 moon moon NN 31627 2341 14 , , , 31627 2341 15 is be VBZ 31627 2341 16 called call VBN 31627 2341 17 _ _ NNP 31627 2341 18 Mare Mare NNP 31627 2341 19 Imbrium Imbrium NNP 31627 2341 20 _ _ NNP 31627 2341 21 ; ; : 31627 2341 22 next next JJ 31627 2341 23 to to IN 31627 2341 24 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2341 25 is be VBZ 31627 2341 26 _ _ NNP 31627 2341 27 Mare Mare NNP 31627 2341 28 Serenitatis Serenitatis NNP 31627 2341 29 _ _ NNP 31627 2341 30 ; ; : 31627 2341 31 next next RB 31627 2341 32 , , , 31627 2341 33 _ _ NNP 31627 2341 34 Mare Mare NNP 31627 2341 35 Tranquilitatis Tranquilitatis NNP 31627 2341 36 _ _ NNP 31627 2341 37 , , , 31627 2341 38 with with IN 31627 2341 39 several several JJ 31627 2341 40 others other NNS 31627 2341 41 . . . 31627 2342 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2342 2 6 6 CD 31627 2342 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2342 4 Mare Mare NNP 31627 2342 5 Imbrium Imbrium NNP 31627 2342 6 is be VBZ 31627 2342 7 of of IN 31627 2342 8 great great JJ 31627 2342 9 depth depth NN 31627 2342 10 , , , 31627 2342 11 and and CC 31627 2342 12 from from IN 31627 2342 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2342 14 floor floor NN 31627 2342 15 rise rise VB 31627 2342 16 several several JJ 31627 2342 17 conical conical JJ 31627 2342 18 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2342 19 with with IN 31627 2342 20 circular circular JJ 31627 2342 21 craters crater NNS 31627 2342 22 , , , 31627 2342 23 the the DT 31627 2342 24 largest large JJS 31627 2342 25 of of IN 31627 2342 26 which which WDT 31627 2342 27 , , , 31627 2342 28 _ _ NNP 31627 2342 29 Archimedes Archimedes NNP 31627 2342 30 _ _ NNP 31627 2342 31 , , , 31627 2342 32 is be VBZ 31627 2342 33 fifty fifty CD 31627 2342 34 miles mile NNS 31627 2342 35 in in IN 31627 2342 36 diameter diameter NN 31627 2342 37 ; ; : 31627 2342 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2342 39 vast vast JJ 31627 2342 40 smooth smooth JJ 31627 2342 41 interior interior JJ 31627 2342 42 being being NN 31627 2342 43 divided divide VBN 31627 2342 44 into into IN 31627 2342 45 seven seven CD 31627 2342 46 distinct distinct JJ 31627 2342 47 zones zone NNS 31627 2342 48 running run VBG 31627 2342 49 east east NNP 31627 2342 50 and and CC 31627 2342 51 west west NNP 31627 2342 52 . . . 31627 2343 1 There there EX 31627 2343 2 is be VBZ 31627 2343 3 no no DT 31627 2343 4 central central JJ 31627 2343 5 mountain mountain NN 31627 2343 6 or or CC 31627 2343 7 other other JJ 31627 2343 8 obvious obvious JJ 31627 2343 9 internal internal JJ 31627 2343 10 sign sign NN 31627 2343 11 of of IN 31627 2343 12 former former JJ 31627 2343 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2343 14 activity activity NN 31627 2343 15 , , , 31627 2343 16 but but CC 31627 2343 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2343 18 irregular irregular JJ 31627 2343 19 wall wall NN 31627 2343 20 rises rise VBZ 31627 2343 21 into into IN 31627 2343 22 abrupt abrupt JJ 31627 2343 23 towers tower NNS 31627 2343 24 , , , 31627 2343 25 and and CC 31627 2343 26 is be VBZ 31627 2343 27 marked mark VBN 31627 2343 28 outside outside RB 31627 2343 29 by by IN 31627 2343 30 decided decided JJ 31627 2343 31 terraces terrace NNS 31627 2343 32 . . . 31627 2344 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2344 2 7 7 LS 31627 2344 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2344 4 The the DT 31627 2344 5 Mare Mare NNP 31627 2344 6 Imbrium Imbrium NNP 31627 2344 7 is be VBZ 31627 2344 8 bounded bound VBN 31627 2344 9 along along IN 31627 2344 10 the the DT 31627 2344 11 east east NN 31627 2344 12 by by IN 31627 2344 13 a a DT 31627 2344 14 range range NN 31627 2344 15 of of IN 31627 2344 16 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2344 17 called call VBN 31627 2344 18 the the DT 31627 2344 19 _ _ NNP 31627 2344 20 Apennines Apennines NNP 31627 2344 21 _ _ NNP 31627 2344 22 , , , 31627 2344 23 and and CC 31627 2344 24 towards towards IN 31627 2344 25 the the DT 31627 2344 26 north north NN 31627 2344 27 by by IN 31627 2344 28 another another DT 31627 2344 29 range range NN 31627 2344 30 called call VBN 31627 2344 31 the the DT 31627 2344 32 _ _ NNP 31627 2344 33 Alps Alps NNP 31627 2344 34 _ _ NNP 31627 2344 35 ; ; : 31627 2344 36 while while IN 31627 2344 37 a a DT 31627 2344 38 third third JJ 31627 2344 39 range range NN 31627 2344 40 , , , 31627 2344 41 that that DT 31627 2344 42 of of IN 31627 2344 43 the the DT 31627 2344 44 _ _ NNP 31627 2344 45 Caucasus Caucasus NNP 31627 2344 46 _ _ NNP 31627 2344 47 , , , 31627 2344 48 strikes strike NNS 31627 2344 49 northward northward RB 31627 2344 50 from from IN 31627 2344 51 the the DT 31627 2344 52 junction junction NN 31627 2344 53 of of IN 31627 2344 54 the the DT 31627 2344 55 two two CD 31627 2344 56 former former JJ 31627 2344 57 ranges range NNS 31627 2344 58 . . . 31627 2345 1 Several several JJ 31627 2345 2 circular circular JJ 31627 2345 3 or or CC 31627 2345 4 oval oval JJ 31627 2345 5 craters crater NNS 31627 2345 6 are be VBP 31627 2345 7 situated situate VBN 31627 2345 8 on on IN 31627 2345 9 , , , 31627 2345 10 and and CC 31627 2345 11 near near RB 31627 2345 12 to to IN 31627 2345 13 , , , 31627 2345 14 the the DT 31627 2345 15 crest crest NN 31627 2345 16 of of IN 31627 2345 17 these these DT 31627 2345 18 ridges ridge NNS 31627 2345 19 . . . 31627 2346 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2346 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 2346 3 : : : 31627 2346 4 Fig Fig NNP 31627 2346 5 . . . 31627 2347 1 39.--A 39.--A NNP 31627 2347 2 magnified magnify VBN 31627 2347 3 portion portion NN 31627 2347 4 of of IN 31627 2347 5 the the DT 31627 2347 6 moon moon NN 31627 2347 7 's 's POS 31627 2347 8 surface surface NN 31627 2347 9 , , , 31627 2347 10 showing show VBG 31627 2347 11 the the DT 31627 2347 12 forms form NNS 31627 2347 13 of of IN 31627 2347 14 the the DT 31627 2347 15 great great JJ 31627 2347 16 craters crater NNS 31627 2347 17 with with IN 31627 2347 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2347 19 outer outer JJ 31627 2347 20 ramparts rampart NNS 31627 2347 21 . . . 31627 2348 1 The the DT 31627 2348 2 white white JJ 31627 2348 3 spot spot NN 31627 2348 4 with with IN 31627 2348 5 shadow shadow NN 31627 2348 6 is be VBZ 31627 2348 7 a a DT 31627 2348 8 cone cone NN 31627 2348 9 rising rise VBG 31627 2348 10 from from IN 31627 2348 11 the the DT 31627 2348 12 centre centre NN 31627 2348 13 of of IN 31627 2348 14 one one CD 31627 2348 15 of of IN 31627 2348 16 the the DT 31627 2348 17 larger large JJR 31627 2348 18 craters crater NNS 31627 2348 19 to to IN 31627 2348 20 a a DT 31627 2348 21 great great JJ 31627 2348 22 height height NN 31627 2348 23 and and CC 31627 2348 24 thus thus RB 31627 2348 25 becoming become VBG 31627 2348 26 illuminated illuminate VBN 31627 2348 27 by by IN 31627 2348 28 the the DT 31627 2348 29 sun sun NN 31627 2348 30 's 's POS 31627 2348 31 light light NN 31627 2348 32 . . . 31627 2348 33 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2349 1 But but CC 31627 2349 2 the the DT 31627 2349 3 greater great JJR 31627 2349 4 part part NN 31627 2349 5 of of IN 31627 2349 6 the the DT 31627 2349 7 moon moon NN 31627 2349 8 's 's POS 31627 2349 9 hemisphere hemisphere NN 31627 2349 10 is be VBZ 31627 2349 11 dotted dot VBN 31627 2349 12 over over IN 31627 2349 13 by by IN 31627 2349 14 almost almost RB 31627 2349 15 innumerable innumerable JJ 31627 2349 16 circular circular JJ 31627 2349 17 crater crater NN 31627 2349 18 - - HYPH 31627 2349 19 like like JJ 31627 2349 20 hollows hollow NNS 31627 2349 21 ; ; : 31627 2349 22 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 2349 23 conspicuously conspicuously RB 31627 2349 24 surmounting surmount VBG 31627 2349 25 lofty lofty JJ 31627 2349 26 conical conical JJ 31627 2349 27 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2349 28 , , , 31627 2349 29 at at IN 31627 2349 30 other other JJ 31627 2349 31 times time NNS 31627 2349 32 only only RB 31627 2349 33 sinking sink VBG 31627 2349 34 below below IN 31627 2349 35 the the DT 31627 2349 36 general general JJ 31627 2349 37 outer outer JJ 31627 2349 38 surface surface NN 31627 2349 39 of of IN 31627 2349 40 the the DT 31627 2349 41 lunar lunar JJ 31627 2349 42 sphere sphere NN 31627 2349 43 . . . 31627 2350 1 On on IN 31627 2350 2 approaching approach VBG 31627 2350 3 the the DT 31627 2350 4 margin margin NN 31627 2350 5 , , , 31627 2350 6 these these DT 31627 2350 7 circular circular JJ 31627 2350 8 hollows hollow NNS 31627 2350 9 appear appear VBP 31627 2350 10 oval oval NN 31627 2350 11 in in IN 31627 2350 12 shape shape NN 31627 2350 13 owing owe VBG 31627 2350 14 to to IN 31627 2350 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2350 16 position position NN 31627 2350 17 on on IN 31627 2350 18 the the DT 31627 2350 19 sphere sphere NN 31627 2350 20 ; ; : 31627 2350 21 and and CC 31627 2350 22 the the DT 31627 2350 23 general general JJ 31627 2350 24 aspect aspect NN 31627 2350 25 of of IN 31627 2350 26 those those DT 31627 2350 27 that that WDT 31627 2350 28 are be VBP 31627 2350 29 visible visible JJ 31627 2350 30 leads lead NNS 31627 2350 31 to to IN 31627 2350 32 the the DT 31627 2350 33 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 2350 34 that that IN 31627 2350 35 there there EX 31627 2350 36 are be VBP 31627 2350 37 large large JJ 31627 2350 38 numbers number NNS 31627 2350 39 of of IN 31627 2350 40 smaller small JJR 31627 2350 41 craters crater NNS 31627 2350 42 too too RB 31627 2350 43 small small JJ 31627 2350 44 to to TO 31627 2350 45 be be VB 31627 2350 46 seen see VBN 31627 2350 47 by by IN 31627 2350 48 the the DT 31627 2350 49 most most RBS 31627 2350 50 powerful powerful JJ 31627 2350 51 telescopes telescope NNS 31627 2350 52 . . . 31627 2351 1 These these DT 31627 2351 2 cones cone NNS 31627 2351 3 and and CC 31627 2351 4 craters crater NNS 31627 2351 5 are be VBP 31627 2351 6 the the DT 31627 2351 7 most most RBS 31627 2351 8 characteristic characteristic JJ 31627 2351 9 objects object NNS 31627 2351 10 on on IN 31627 2351 11 the the DT 31627 2351 12 whole whole NN 31627 2351 13 of of IN 31627 2351 14 the the DT 31627 2351 15 visible visible JJ 31627 2351 16 surface surface NN 31627 2351 17 , , , 31627 2351 18 and and CC 31627 2351 19 when when WRB 31627 2351 20 highly highly RB 31627 2351 21 magnified magnify VBN 31627 2351 22 present present JJ 31627 2351 23 very very RB 31627 2351 24 rugged rugged JJ 31627 2351 25 outlines outline NNS 31627 2351 26 , , , 31627 2351 27 suggestive suggestive JJ 31627 2351 28 of of IN 31627 2351 29 slag slag NN 31627 2351 30 , , , 31627 2351 31 or or CC 31627 2351 32 lava lava NN 31627 2351 33 , , , 31627 2351 34 which which WDT 31627 2351 35 has have VBZ 31627 2351 36 consolidated consolidate VBN 31627 2351 37 on on IN 31627 2351 38 cooling cooling NN 31627 2351 39 , , , 31627 2351 40 as as IN 31627 2351 41 in in IN 31627 2351 42 the the DT 31627 2351 43 case case NN 31627 2351 44 of of IN 31627 2351 45 most most JJS 31627 2351 46 solidified solidified JJ 31627 2351 47 lava lava NN 31627 2351 48 - - HYPH 31627 2351 49 streams stream NNS 31627 2351 50 on on IN 31627 2351 51 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2351 52 earth earth NN 31627 2351 53 . . . 31627 2352 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2352 2 8 8 CD 31627 2352 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2352 4 One one CD 31627 2352 5 of of IN 31627 2352 6 the the DT 31627 2352 7 most most RBS 31627 2352 8 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2352 9 of of IN 31627 2352 10 these these DT 31627 2352 11 crateriform crateriform JJ 31627 2352 12 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2352 13 is be VBZ 31627 2352 14 that that IN 31627 2352 15 named name VBN 31627 2352 16 _ _ NNP 31627 2352 17 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 31627 2352 18 _ _ NNP 31627 2352 19 , , , 31627 2352 20 situated situate VBN 31627 2352 21 in in IN 31627 2352 22 a a DT 31627 2352 23 line line NN 31627 2352 24 with with IN 31627 2352 25 the the DT 31627 2352 26 southern southern JJ 31627 2352 27 prolongation prolongation NN 31627 2352 28 of of IN 31627 2352 29 the the DT 31627 2352 30 Apennines Apennines NNPS 31627 2352 31 . . . 31627 2353 1 Of of IN 31627 2353 2 this this DT 31627 2353 3 mountain mountain NN 31627 2353 4 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2353 5 R. R. NNP 31627 2353 6 Ball Ball NNP 31627 2353 7 says say VBZ 31627 2353 8 : : : 31627 2353 9 " " `` 31627 2353 10 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2353 11 is be VBZ 31627 2353 12 particularly particularly RB 31627 2353 13 well well RB 31627 2353 14 known know VBN 31627 2353 15 through through IN 31627 2353 16 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2353 17 John John NNP 31627 2353 18 Herschel Herschel NNP 31627 2353 19 's 's POS 31627 2353 20 drawing drawing NN 31627 2353 21 , , , 31627 2353 22 so so RB 31627 2353 23 beautifully beautifully RB 31627 2353 24 reproduced reproduce VBN 31627 2353 25 in in IN 31627 2353 26 the the DT 31627 2353 27 many many JJ 31627 2353 28 editions edition NNS 31627 2353 29 of of IN 31627 2353 30 the the DT 31627 2353 31 _ _ NNP 31627 2353 32 Outlines Outlines NNP 31627 2353 33 of of IN 31627 2353 34 Astronomy Astronomy NNP 31627 2353 35 _ _ NNP 31627 2353 36 . . . 31627 2354 1 The the DT 31627 2354 2 region region NN 31627 2354 3 to to IN 31627 2354 4 the the DT 31627 2354 5 west west NN 31627 2354 6 is be VBZ 31627 2354 7 dotted dot VBN 31627 2354 8 over over RB 31627 2354 9 with with IN 31627 2354 10 innumerable innumerable JJ 31627 2354 11 minute minute NN 31627 2354 12 craterlets craterlet NNS 31627 2354 13 . . . 31627 2355 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2355 2 has have VBZ 31627 2355 3 a a DT 31627 2355 4 central central JJ 31627 2355 5 , , , 31627 2355 6 many many JJ 31627 2355 7 - - HYPH 31627 2355 8 peaked peaked JJ 31627 2355 9 mountain mountain NN 31627 2355 10 about about RB 31627 2355 11 2,400 2,400 CD 31627 2355 12 feet foot NNS 31627 2355 13 in in IN 31627 2355 14 height height NN 31627 2355 15 . . . 31627 2356 1 There there EX 31627 2356 2 is be VBZ 31627 2356 3 good good JJ 31627 2356 4 reason reason NN 31627 2356 5 to to TO 31627 2356 6 believe believe VB 31627 2356 7 that that IN 31627 2356 8 the the DT 31627 2356 9 terracing terracing NN 31627 2356 10 shown show VBN 31627 2356 11 in in IN 31627 2356 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2356 13 interior interior NN 31627 2356 14 is be VBZ 31627 2356 15 mainly mainly RB 31627 2356 16 due due JJ 31627 2356 17 to to IN 31627 2356 18 the the DT 31627 2356 19 repeated repeat VBN 31627 2356 20 alternate alternate JJ 31627 2356 21 rise rise NN 31627 2356 22 , , , 31627 2356 23 partial partial JJ 31627 2356 24 congealation congealation NN 31627 2356 25 and and CC 31627 2356 26 retreat retreat NN 31627 2356 27 of of IN 31627 2356 28 a a DT 31627 2356 29 vast vast JJ 31627 2356 30 sea sea NN 31627 2356 31 of of IN 31627 2356 32 lava lava NN 31627 2356 33 . . . 31627 2357 1 At at IN 31627 2357 2 full full JJ 31627 2357 3 moon moon NN 31627 2357 4 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2357 5 is be VBZ 31627 2357 6 surrounded surround VBN 31627 2357 7 by by IN 31627 2357 8 radiating radiate VBG 31627 2357 9 streaks streak NNS 31627 2357 10 . . . 31627 2358 1 " " `` 31627 2358 2 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2358 3 9 9 CD 31627 2358 4 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2358 5 The the DT 31627 2358 6 view view NN 31627 2358 7 regarding regard VBG 31627 2358 8 the the DT 31627 2358 9 structure structure NN 31627 2358 10 of of IN 31627 2358 11 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 31627 2358 12 here here RB 31627 2358 13 expressed express VBD 31627 2358 14 is be VBZ 31627 2358 15 of of IN 31627 2358 16 importance importance NN 31627 2358 17 , , , 31627 2358 18 as as IN 31627 2358 19 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2358 20 is be VBZ 31627 2358 21 probably probably RB 31627 2358 22 applicable applicable JJ 31627 2358 23 to to IN 31627 2358 24 all all PDT 31627 2358 25 the the DT 31627 2358 26 craters crater NNS 31627 2358 27 of of IN 31627 2358 28 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2358 29 satellite satellite NN 31627 2358 30 . . . 31627 2359 1 " " `` 31627 2359 2 When when WRB 31627 2359 3 the the DT 31627 2359 4 moon moon NN 31627 2359 5 is be VBZ 31627 2359 6 five five CD 31627 2359 7 or or CC 31627 2359 8 six six CD 31627 2359 9 days day NNS 31627 2359 10 old old JJ 31627 2359 11 , , , 31627 2359 12 " " '' 31627 2359 13 says say VBZ 31627 2359 14 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2359 15 Robert Robert NNP 31627 2359 16 Ball Ball NNP 31627 2359 17 , , , 31627 2359 18 " " '' 31627 2359 19 a a DT 31627 2359 20 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 2359 21 group group NN 31627 2359 22 of of IN 31627 2359 23 three three CD 31627 2359 24 craters crater NNS 31627 2359 25 will will MD 31627 2359 26 be be VB 31627 2359 27 readily readily RB 31627 2359 28 found find VBN 31627 2359 29 on on IN 31627 2359 30 the the DT 31627 2359 31 boundary boundary JJ 31627 2359 32 line line NN 31627 2359 33 between between IN 31627 2359 34 night night NN 31627 2359 35 and and CC 31627 2359 36 day day NN 31627 2359 37 . . . 31627 2360 1 These these DT 31627 2360 2 are be VBP 31627 2360 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2360 4 Catharina Catharina NNP 31627 2360 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2360 6 , , , 31627 2360 7 _ _ NNP 31627 2360 8 Cyrillus Cyrillus NNP 31627 2360 9 _ _ NNP 31627 2360 10 , , , 31627 2360 11 and and CC 31627 2360 12 _ _ NNP 31627 2360 13 Theophilus Theophilus NNP 31627 2360 14 _ _ NNP 31627 2360 15 . . . 31627 2361 1 Catharina Catharina NNP 31627 2361 2 is be VBZ 31627 2361 3 the the DT 31627 2361 4 most most RBS 31627 2361 5 southerly southerly RB 31627 2361 6 of of IN 31627 2361 7 the the DT 31627 2361 8 group group NN 31627 2361 9 , , , 31627 2361 10 and and CC 31627 2361 11 is be VBZ 31627 2361 12 more more JJR 31627 2361 13 than than IN 31627 2361 14 16,000 16,000 CD 31627 2361 15 feet foot NNS 31627 2361 16 deep deep JJ 31627 2361 17 and and CC 31627 2361 18 connected connect VBN 31627 2361 19 to to IN 31627 2361 20 Cyrillus Cyrillus NNP 31627 2361 21 by by IN 31627 2361 22 a a DT 31627 2361 23 wide wide JJ 31627 2361 24 valley valley NN 31627 2361 25 ; ; : 31627 2361 26 but but CC 31627 2361 27 between between IN 31627 2361 28 Cyrillus Cyrillus NNP 31627 2361 29 and and CC 31627 2361 30 Theophilus Theophilus NNP 31627 2361 31 there there EX 31627 2361 32 is be VBZ 31627 2361 33 no no DT 31627 2361 34 such such JJ 31627 2361 35 connection connection NN 31627 2361 36 . . . 31627 2362 1 Indeed indeed RB 31627 2362 2 Cyrillus Cyrillus NNP 31627 2362 3 looks look VBZ 31627 2362 4 as as IN 31627 2362 5 if if IN 31627 2362 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2362 7 huge huge JJ 31627 2362 8 surrounding surround VBG 31627 2362 9 ramparts rampart NNS 31627 2362 10 , , , 31627 2362 11 as as RB 31627 2362 12 high high JJ 31627 2362 13 as as IN 31627 2362 14 Mont Mont NNP 31627 2362 15 Blanc Blanc NNP 31627 2362 16 , , , 31627 2362 17 had have VBD 31627 2362 18 been be VBN 31627 2362 19 completely completely RB 31627 2362 20 finished finish VBN 31627 2362 21 when when WRB 31627 2362 22 the the DT 31627 2362 23 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2362 24 forces force NNS 31627 2362 25 commenced commence VBD 31627 2362 26 the the DT 31627 2362 27 formation formation NN 31627 2362 28 of of IN 31627 2362 29 Theophilus Theophilus NNP 31627 2362 30 , , , 31627 2362 31 the the DT 31627 2362 32 rampart rampart NN 31627 2362 33 of of IN 31627 2362 34 which which WDT 31627 2362 35 encroaches encroach VBZ 31627 2362 36 considerably considerably RB 31627 2362 37 on on IN 31627 2362 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2362 39 older old JJR 31627 2362 40 neighbour neighbour NN 31627 2362 41 . . . 31627 2363 1 Theophilus Theophilus NNP 31627 2363 2 stands stand VBZ 31627 2363 3 as as IN 31627 2363 4 a a DT 31627 2363 5 well well RB 31627 2363 6 - - HYPH 31627 2363 7 defined define VBN 31627 2363 8 round round NN 31627 2363 9 crater crater NN 31627 2363 10 , , , 31627 2363 11 about about RB 31627 2363 12 64 64 CD 31627 2363 13 miles mile NNS 31627 2363 14 in in IN 31627 2363 15 diameter diameter NN 31627 2363 16 , , , 31627 2363 17 with with IN 31627 2363 18 an an DT 31627 2363 19 internal internal JJ 31627 2363 20 depth depth NN 31627 2363 21 of of IN 31627 2363 22 14,000 14,000 CD 31627 2363 23 to to TO 31627 2363 24 18,000 18,000 CD 31627 2363 25 feet foot NNS 31627 2363 26 , , , 31627 2363 27 and and CC 31627 2363 28 a a DT 31627 2363 29 beautiful beautiful JJ 31627 2363 30 central central JJ 31627 2363 31 group group NN 31627 2363 32 of of IN 31627 2363 33 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2363 34 , , , 31627 2363 35 one one CD 31627 2363 36 - - HYPH 31627 2363 37 third third NN 31627 2363 38 of of IN 31627 2363 39 that that DT 31627 2363 40 height height NN 31627 2363 41 , , , 31627 2363 42 on on IN 31627 2363 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2363 44 floor floor NN 31627 2363 45 . . . 31627 2364 1 This this DT 31627 2364 2 proves prove VBZ 31627 2364 3 that that IN 31627 2364 4 the the DT 31627 2364 5 last last JJ 31627 2364 6 eruptive eruptive JJ 31627 2364 7 efforts effort NNS 31627 2364 8 in in IN 31627 2364 9 this this DT 31627 2364 10 part part NN 31627 2364 11 of of IN 31627 2364 12 the the DT 31627 2364 13 moon moon NN 31627 2364 14 fully fully RB 31627 2364 15 equalled equal VBD 31627 2364 16 in in IN 31627 2364 17 intensity intensity NN 31627 2364 18 those those DT 31627 2364 19 that that WDT 31627 2364 20 had have VBD 31627 2364 21 preceded precede VBN 31627 2364 22 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2364 23 . . . 31627 2365 1 Although although IN 31627 2365 2 Theophilus Theophilus NNP 31627 2365 3 is be VBZ 31627 2365 4 on on IN 31627 2365 5 the the DT 31627 2365 6 whole whole NN 31627 2365 7 the the DT 31627 2365 8 deepest deep JJS 31627 2365 9 crater crater NN 31627 2365 10 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2365 11 can can MD 31627 2365 12 see see VB 31627 2365 13 in in IN 31627 2365 14 the the DT 31627 2365 15 moon moon NN 31627 2365 16 , , , 31627 2365 17 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2365 18 has have VBZ 31627 2365 19 received receive VBN 31627 2365 20 little little JJ 31627 2365 21 or or CC 31627 2365 22 no no DT 31627 2365 23 deformation deformation NN 31627 2365 24 by by IN 31627 2365 25 secondary secondary JJ 31627 2365 26 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2365 27 . . . 31627 2365 28 " " '' 31627 2366 1 But but CC 31627 2366 2 perhaps perhaps RB 31627 2366 3 the the DT 31627 2366 4 most most RBS 31627 2366 5 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2366 6 object object NN 31627 2366 7 on on IN 31627 2366 8 the the DT 31627 2366 9 whole whole JJ 31627 2366 10 hemisphere hemisphere NN 31627 2366 11 of of IN 31627 2366 12 the the DT 31627 2366 13 moon moon NN 31627 2366 14 is be VBZ 31627 2366 15 " " `` 31627 2366 16 the the DT 31627 2366 17 majestic majestic JJ 31627 2366 18 Tycho Tycho NNP 31627 2366 19 , , , 31627 2366 20 " " '' 31627 2366 21 which which WDT 31627 2366 22 rises rise VBZ 31627 2366 23 from from IN 31627 2366 24 the the DT 31627 2366 25 surface surface NN 31627 2366 26 near near IN 31627 2366 27 the the DT 31627 2366 28 south south NNP 31627 2366 29 pole pole NNP 31627 2366 30 , , , 31627 2366 31 and and CC 31627 2366 32 at at IN 31627 2366 33 a a DT 31627 2366 34 distance distance NN 31627 2366 35 of of IN 31627 2366 36 about about IN 31627 2366 37 1/6th 1/6th CD 31627 2366 38 of of IN 31627 2366 39 the the DT 31627 2366 40 diameter diameter NN 31627 2366 41 of of IN 31627 2366 42 the the DT 31627 2366 43 sphere sphere NN 31627 2366 44 from from IN 31627 2366 45 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2366 46 margin margin NN 31627 2366 47 . . . 31627 2367 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2367 2 depth depth NN 31627 2367 3 is be VBZ 31627 2367 4 stated state VBN 31627 2367 5 by by IN 31627 2367 6 Ball Ball NNP 31627 2367 7 to to TO 31627 2367 8 be be VB 31627 2367 9 17,000 17,000 CD 31627 2367 10 feet foot NNS 31627 2367 11 , , , 31627 2367 12 and and CC 31627 2367 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2367 14 diameter diameter NN 31627 2367 15 50 50 CD 31627 2367 16 miles mile NNS 31627 2367 17 . . . 31627 2368 1 But but CC 31627 2368 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2368 3 special special JJ 31627 2368 4 distinction distinction NN 31627 2368 5 amongst amongst IN 31627 2368 6 the the DT 31627 2368 7 other other JJ 31627 2368 8 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2368 9 craters crater NNS 31627 2368 10 lies lie VBZ 31627 2368 11 in in IN 31627 2368 12 the the DT 31627 2368 13 streaks streak NNS 31627 2368 14 of of IN 31627 2368 15 light light NN 31627 2368 16 which which WDT 31627 2368 17 radiate radiate VBP 31627 2368 18 from from IN 31627 2368 19 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2368 20 in in IN 31627 2368 21 all all DT 31627 2368 22 directions direction NNS 31627 2368 23 for for IN 31627 2368 24 hundreds hundred NNS 31627 2368 25 and and CC 31627 2368 26 even even RB 31627 2368 27 thousands thousand NNS 31627 2368 28 of of IN 31627 2368 29 miles mile NNS 31627 2368 30 , , , 31627 2368 31 stretching stretch VBG 31627 2368 32 with with IN 31627 2368 33 superb superb JJ 31627 2368 34 indifference indifference NN 31627 2368 35 across across IN 31627 2368 36 vast vast JJ 31627 2368 37 plains plain NNS 31627 2368 38 , , , 31627 2368 39 into into IN 31627 2368 40 the the DT 31627 2368 41 deepest deep JJS 31627 2368 42 craters crater NNS 31627 2368 43 , , , 31627 2368 44 and and CC 31627 2368 45 over over IN 31627 2368 46 the the DT 31627 2368 47 highest high JJS 31627 2368 48 opposing oppose VBG 31627 2368 49 ridges ridge NNS 31627 2368 50 . . . 31627 2369 1 When when WRB 31627 2369 2 the the DT 31627 2369 3 sun sun NN 31627 2369 4 rises rise VBZ 31627 2369 5 on on IN 31627 2369 6 Tycho Tycho NNP 31627 2369 7 these these DT 31627 2369 8 streaks streak NNS 31627 2369 9 are be VBP 31627 2369 10 invisible invisible JJ 31627 2369 11 , , , 31627 2369 12 but but CC 31627 2369 13 as as RB 31627 2369 14 soon soon RB 31627 2369 15 as as IN 31627 2369 16 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2369 17 has have VBZ 31627 2369 18 reached reach VBN 31627 2369 19 a a DT 31627 2369 20 height height NN 31627 2369 21 of of IN 31627 2369 22 25 25 CD 31627 2369 23 ° ° NNS 31627 2369 24 to to IN 31627 2369 25 30 30 CD 31627 2369 26 ° ° NNS 31627 2369 27 above above IN 31627 2369 28 the the DT 31627 2369 29 horizon horizon NN 31627 2369 30 , , , 31627 2369 31 the the DT 31627 2369 32 rays ray NNS 31627 2369 33 emerge emerge VBP 31627 2369 34 from from IN 31627 2369 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2369 36 obscurity obscurity NN 31627 2369 37 , , , 31627 2369 38 and and CC 31627 2369 39 gradually gradually RB 31627 2369 40 increase increase VB 31627 2369 41 in in IN 31627 2369 42 brightness brightness NN 31627 2369 43 until until IN 31627 2369 44 full full JJ 31627 2369 45 moon moon NN 31627 2369 46 , , , 31627 2369 47 when when WRB 31627 2369 48 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2369 49 become become VBP 31627 2369 50 the the DT 31627 2369 51 most most RBS 31627 2369 52 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 31627 2369 53 objects object NNS 31627 2369 54 on on IN 31627 2369 55 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2369 56 surface surface NN 31627 2369 57 . . . 31627 2370 1 As as IN 31627 2370 2 yet yet RB 31627 2370 3 no no DT 31627 2370 4 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 31627 2370 5 explanation explanation NN 31627 2370 6 has have VBZ 31627 2370 7 been be VBN 31627 2370 8 given give VBN 31627 2370 9 of of IN 31627 2370 10 the the DT 31627 2370 11 origin origin NN 31627 2370 12 of of IN 31627 2370 13 these these DT 31627 2370 14 illuminated illuminate VBN 31627 2370 15 rays,[10 rays,[10 CD 31627 2370 16 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2370 17 but but CC 31627 2370 18 I -PRON- PRP 31627 2370 19 may may MD 31627 2370 20 be be VB 31627 2370 21 permitted permit VBN 31627 2370 22 to to TO 31627 2370 23 add add VB 31627 2370 24 that that IN 31627 2370 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2370 26 form form NN 31627 2370 27 and and CC 31627 2370 28 mode mode NN 31627 2370 29 of of IN 31627 2370 30 occurrence occurrence NN 31627 2370 31 are be VBP 31627 2370 32 eminently eminently RB 31627 2370 33 suggestive suggestive JJ 31627 2370 34 of of IN 31627 2370 35 gaseous gaseous JJ 31627 2370 36 exhalations exhalation NNS 31627 2370 37 from from IN 31627 2370 38 the the DT 31627 2370 39 volcano volcano NN 31627 2370 40 illumined illumine VBN 31627 2370 41 by by IN 31627 2370 42 the the DT 31627 2370 43 sun sun NN 31627 2370 44 's 's POS 31627 2370 45 rays ray NNS 31627 2370 46 ; ; : 31627 2370 47 and and CC 31627 2370 48 owing owe VBG 31627 2370 49 to to IN 31627 2370 50 the the DT 31627 2370 51 absence absence NN 31627 2370 52 of of IN 31627 2370 53 an an DT 31627 2370 54 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 2370 55 , , , 31627 2370 56 spreading spread VBG 31627 2370 57 themselves -PRON- PRP 31627 2370 58 out out RP 31627 2370 59 in in IN 31627 2370 60 all all DT 31627 2370 61 directions direction NNS 31627 2370 62 and and CC 31627 2370 63 becoming become VBG 31627 2370 64 more more RBR 31627 2370 65 and and CC 31627 2370 66 more more RBR 31627 2370 67 attenuated attenuated JJ 31627 2370 68 until until IN 31627 2370 69 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2370 70 cease cease VBP 31627 2370 71 to to TO 31627 2370 72 be be VB 31627 2370 73 visible visible JJ 31627 2370 74 . . . 31627 2371 1 The the DT 31627 2371 2 above above JJ 31627 2371 3 account account NN 31627 2371 4 will will MD 31627 2371 5 probably probably RB 31627 2371 6 suffice suffice VB 31627 2371 7 to to TO 31627 2371 8 give give VB 31627 2371 9 the the DT 31627 2371 10 reader reader NN 31627 2371 11 a a DT 31627 2371 12 general general JJ 31627 2371 13 idea idea NN 31627 2371 14 of of IN 31627 2371 15 the the DT 31627 2371 16 features feature NNS 31627 2371 17 and and CC 31627 2371 18 inferential inferential JJ 31627 2371 19 structure structure NN 31627 2371 20 of of IN 31627 2371 21 the the DT 31627 2371 22 moon moon NN 31627 2371 23 's 's POS 31627 2371 24 surface surface NN 31627 2371 25 . . . 31627 2372 1 That that IN 31627 2372 2 she -PRON- PRP 31627 2372 3 was be VBD 31627 2372 4 once once RB 31627 2372 5 a a DT 31627 2372 6 molten molten JJ 31627 2372 7 mass mass NN 31627 2372 8 is be VBZ 31627 2372 9 inferred infer VBN 31627 2372 10 from from IN 31627 2372 11 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2372 12 globular globular JJ 31627 2372 13 form form NN 31627 2372 14 ; ; : 31627 2372 15 but but CC 31627 2372 16 , , , 31627 2372 17 according accord VBG 31627 2372 18 to to IN 31627 2372 19 G. G. NNP 31627 2372 20 F. F. NNP 31627 2372 21 Chambers Chambers NNP 31627 2372 22 , , , 31627 2372 23 the the DT 31627 2372 24 most most RBS 31627 2372 25 delicate delicate JJ 31627 2372 26 measurements measurement NNS 31627 2372 27 indicate indicate VBP 31627 2372 28 no no DT 31627 2372 29 compression compression NN 31627 2372 30 at at IN 31627 2372 31 the the DT 31627 2372 32 poles pole NNS 31627 2372 33 . . . 31627 2373 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2373 2 11 11 CD 31627 2373 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2373 4 That that IN 31627 2373 5 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2373 6 surface surface NN 31627 2373 7 has have VBZ 31627 2373 8 cooled cool VBN 31627 2373 9 and and CC 31627 2373 10 become become VB 31627 2373 11 rigid rigid JJ 31627 2373 12 is be VBZ 31627 2373 13 also also RB 31627 2373 14 a a DT 31627 2373 15 necessary necessary JJ 31627 2373 16 inference inference NN 31627 2373 17 ; ; : 31627 2373 18 though though IN 31627 2373 19 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2373 20 J. J. NNP 31627 2373 21 Herschel Herschel NNP 31627 2373 22 considered consider VBD 31627 2373 23 that that IN 31627 2373 24 the the DT 31627 2373 25 surface surface NN 31627 2373 26 still still RB 31627 2373 27 retains retain VBZ 31627 2373 28 a a DT 31627 2373 29 temperature temperature NN 31627 2373 30 _ _ NNP 31627 2373 31 possibly possibly RB 31627 2373 32 _ _ IN 31627 2373 33 exceeding exceed VBG 31627 2373 34 that that DT 31627 2373 35 of of IN 31627 2373 36 boiling boil VBG 31627 2373 37 water water NN 31627 2373 38 . . . 31627 2374 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2374 2 12 12 CD 31627 2374 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2374 4 However however RB 31627 2374 5 this this DT 31627 2374 6 may may MD 31627 2374 7 be be VB 31627 2374 8 , , , 31627 2374 9 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2374 10 is be VBZ 31627 2374 11 pretty pretty RB 31627 2374 12 certain certain JJ 31627 2374 13 that that IN 31627 2374 14 whatever whatever WDT 31627 2374 15 changes change NNS 31627 2374 16 may may MD 31627 2374 17 occur occur VB 31627 2374 18 upon upon IN 31627 2374 19 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2374 20 surface surface NN 31627 2374 21 are be VBP 31627 2374 22 not not RB 31627 2374 23 due due JJ 31627 2374 24 to to IN 31627 2374 25 present present JJ 31627 2374 26 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2374 27 action action NN 31627 2374 28 , , , 31627 2374 29 all all DT 31627 2374 30 evidence evidence NN 31627 2374 31 of of IN 31627 2374 32 such such JJ 31627 2374 33 action action NN 31627 2374 34 being be VBG 31627 2374 35 admittedly admittedly RB 31627 2374 36 absent absent JJ 31627 2374 37 . . . 31627 2375 1 If if IN 31627 2375 2 , , , 31627 2375 3 when when WRB 31627 2375 4 the the DT 31627 2375 5 earth earth NN 31627 2375 6 and and CC 31627 2375 7 moon moon NN 31627 2375 8 parted part VBN 31627 2375 9 company company NN 31627 2375 10 , , , 31627 2375 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2375 12 respective respective JJ 31627 2375 13 temperatures temperature NNS 31627 2375 14 were be VBD 31627 2375 15 equal equal JJ 31627 2375 16 , , , 31627 2375 17 the the DT 31627 2375 18 moon moon NN 31627 2375 19 being be VBG 31627 2375 20 so so RB 31627 2375 21 much much RB 31627 2375 22 the the DT 31627 2375 23 smaller small JJR 31627 2375 24 of of IN 31627 2375 25 the the DT 31627 2375 26 two two CD 31627 2375 27 would would MD 31627 2375 28 have have VB 31627 2375 29 cooled cool VBN 31627 2375 30 more more RBR 31627 2375 31 rapidly rapidly RB 31627 2375 32 , , , 31627 2375 33 and and CC 31627 2375 34 the the DT 31627 2375 35 surface surface NN 31627 2375 36 may may MD 31627 2375 37 have have VB 31627 2375 38 been be VBN 31627 2375 39 covered cover VBN 31627 2375 40 by by IN 31627 2375 41 a a DT 31627 2375 42 rigid rigid JJ 31627 2375 43 crust crust NN 31627 2375 44 when when WRB 31627 2375 45 as as IN 31627 2375 46 yet yet RB 31627 2375 47 that that DT 31627 2375 48 of of IN 31627 2375 49 the the DT 31627 2375 50 earth earth NN 31627 2375 51 may may MD 31627 2375 52 have have VB 31627 2375 53 been be VBN 31627 2375 54 molten melt VBN 31627 2375 55 from from IN 31627 2375 56 heat heat NN 31627 2375 57 . . . 31627 2376 1 Hence hence RB 31627 2376 2 the the DT 31627 2376 3 rigidity rigidity NN 31627 2376 4 of of IN 31627 2376 5 the the DT 31627 2376 6 moon moon NN 31627 2376 7 's 's POS 31627 2376 8 surface surface NN 31627 2376 9 may may MD 31627 2376 10 date date VB 31627 2376 11 back back RB 31627 2376 12 to to IN 31627 2376 13 an an DT 31627 2376 14 immensely immensely RB 31627 2376 15 distant distant JJ 31627 2376 16 period period NN 31627 2376 17 , , , 31627 2376 18 but but CC 31627 2376 19 she -PRON- PRP 31627 2376 20 may may MD 31627 2376 21 still still RB 31627 2376 22 retain retain VB 31627 2376 23 a a DT 31627 2376 24 high high JJ 31627 2376 25 temperature temperature NN 31627 2376 26 within within IN 31627 2376 27 this this DT 31627 2376 28 crust crust NN 31627 2376 29 . . . 31627 2377 1 Having have VBG 31627 2377 2 arrived arrive VBN 31627 2377 3 at at IN 31627 2377 4 this this DT 31627 2377 5 stage stage NN 31627 2377 6 of of IN 31627 2377 7 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2377 8 narrative narrative NN 31627 2377 9 , , , 31627 2377 10 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2377 11 are be VBP 31627 2377 12 in in IN 31627 2377 13 a a DT 31627 2377 14 position position NN 31627 2377 15 to to TO 31627 2377 16 consider consider VB 31627 2377 17 by by IN 31627 2377 18 what what WP 31627 2377 19 means mean VBZ 31627 2377 20 , , , 31627 2377 21 and and CC 31627 2377 22 under under IN 31627 2377 23 what what WDT 31627 2377 24 conditions condition NNS 31627 2377 25 , , , 31627 2377 26 the the DT 31627 2377 27 cones cone NNS 31627 2377 28 and and CC 31627 2377 29 craters crater NNS 31627 2377 30 which which WDT 31627 2377 31 diversify diversify VBP 31627 2377 32 the the DT 31627 2377 33 lunar lunar JJ 31627 2377 34 surface surface NN 31627 2377 35 have have VBP 31627 2377 36 been be VBN 31627 2377 37 developed develop VBN 31627 2377 38 . . . 31627 2378 1 In in IN 31627 2378 2 doing do VBG 31627 2378 3 so so RB 31627 2378 4 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2378 5 may may MD 31627 2378 6 be be VB 31627 2378 7 desirable desirable JJ 31627 2378 8 , , , 31627 2378 9 in in IN 31627 2378 10 the the DT 31627 2378 11 first first JJ 31627 2378 12 place place NN 31627 2378 13 , , , 31627 2378 14 to to TO 31627 2378 15 determine determine VB 31627 2378 16 what what WDT 31627 2378 17 form form NN 31627 2378 18 of of IN 31627 2378 19 crater crater NN 31627 2378 20 on on IN 31627 2378 21 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2378 22 earth earth NN 31627 2378 23 's 's POS 31627 2378 24 surface surface NN 31627 2378 25 those those DT 31627 2378 26 of of IN 31627 2378 27 the the DT 31627 2378 28 moon moon NN 31627 2378 29 do do VBP 31627 2378 30 not not RB 31627 2378 31 represent represent VB 31627 2378 32 ; ; : 31627 2378 33 and and CC 31627 2378 34 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2378 35 are be VBP 31627 2378 36 guided guide VBN 31627 2378 37 in in IN 31627 2378 38 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2378 39 inquiry inquiry NN 31627 2378 40 by by IN 31627 2378 41 the the DT 31627 2378 42 consideration consideration NN 31627 2378 43 of of IN 31627 2378 44 the the DT 31627 2378 45 absence absence NN 31627 2378 46 of of IN 31627 2378 47 water water NN 31627 2378 48 on on IN 31627 2378 49 the the DT 31627 2378 50 lunar lunar JJ 31627 2378 51 surface surface NN 31627 2378 52 . . . 31627 2379 1 Now now RB 31627 2379 2 there there EX 31627 2379 3 are be VBP 31627 2379 4 large large JJ 31627 2379 5 numbers number NNS 31627 2379 6 of of IN 31627 2379 7 crateriform crateriform JJ 31627 2379 8 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2379 9 on on IN 31627 2379 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2379 11 globe globe NN 31627 2379 12 in in IN 31627 2379 13 the the DT 31627 2379 14 formation formation NN 31627 2379 15 of of IN 31627 2379 16 which which WDT 31627 2379 17 water water NN 31627 2379 18 has have VBZ 31627 2379 19 played play VBN 31627 2379 20 an an DT 31627 2379 21 important important JJ 31627 2379 22 , , , 31627 2379 23 indeed indeed RB 31627 2379 24 essential essential JJ 31627 2379 25 , , , 31627 2379 26 part part NN 31627 2379 27 . . . 31627 2380 1 As as IN 31627 2380 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2380 3 have have VBP 31627 2380 4 already already RB 31627 2380 5 seen see VBN 31627 2380 6 , , , 31627 2380 7 water water NN 31627 2380 8 , , , 31627 2380 9 though though IN 31627 2380 10 not not RB 31627 2380 11 the the DT 31627 2380 12 ultimate ultimate JJ 31627 2380 13 cause cause NN 31627 2380 14 of of IN 31627 2380 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2380 16 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2380 17 , , , 31627 2380 18 has have VBZ 31627 2380 19 been be VBN 31627 2380 20 the the DT 31627 2380 21 chief chief JJ 31627 2380 22 agent agent NN 31627 2380 23 , , , 31627 2380 24 when when WRB 31627 2380 25 in in IN 31627 2380 26 the the DT 31627 2380 27 form form NN 31627 2380 28 of of IN 31627 2380 29 steam steam NN 31627 2380 30 at at IN 31627 2380 31 high high JJ 31627 2380 32 pressure pressure NN 31627 2380 33 , , , 31627 2380 34 in in IN 31627 2380 35 producing produce VBG 31627 2380 36 the the DT 31627 2380 37 explosions explosion NNS 31627 2380 38 which which WDT 31627 2380 39 accompany accompany VBP 31627 2380 40 these these DT 31627 2380 41 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2380 42 , , , 31627 2380 43 and and CC 31627 2380 44 in in IN 31627 2380 45 tearing tear VBG 31627 2380 46 up up RP 31627 2380 47 and and CC 31627 2380 48 hurling hurl VBG 31627 2380 49 into into IN 31627 2380 50 the the DT 31627 2380 51 air air NN 31627 2380 52 the the DT 31627 2380 53 masses masse NNS 31627 2380 54 of of IN 31627 2380 55 rock rock NN 31627 2380 56 , , , 31627 2380 57 scoriæ scoriæ NNP 31627 2380 58 , , , 31627 2380 59 and and CC 31627 2380 60 ashes ashe NNS 31627 2380 61 , , , 31627 2380 62 which which WDT 31627 2380 63 are be VBP 31627 2380 64 piled pile VBN 31627 2380 65 around around RP 31627 2380 66 the the DT 31627 2380 67 vents vent NNS 31627 2380 68 of of IN 31627 2380 69 eruption eruption NN 31627 2380 70 in in IN 31627 2380 71 the the DT 31627 2380 72 form form NN 31627 2380 73 of of IN 31627 2380 74 craters crater NNS 31627 2380 75 during during IN 31627 2380 76 periods period NNS 31627 2380 77 of of IN 31627 2380 78 activity activity NN 31627 2380 79 . . . 31627 2381 1 To to IN 31627 2381 2 this this DT 31627 2381 3 class class NN 31627 2381 4 of of IN 31627 2381 5 craters crater NNS 31627 2381 6 those those DT 31627 2381 7 of of IN 31627 2381 8 Etna Etna NNP 31627 2381 9 , , , 31627 2381 10 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 2381 11 , , , 31627 2381 12 and and CC 31627 2381 13 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 2381 14 belong belong VBP 31627 2381 15 . . . 31627 2382 1 These these DT 31627 2382 2 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2382 3 and and CC 31627 2382 4 conical conical JJ 31627 2382 5 hills hill NNS 31627 2382 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2382 7 the the DT 31627 2382 8 domes dome NNS 31627 2382 9 excepted except VBN 31627 2382 10 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2382 11 are be VBP 31627 2382 12 all all DT 31627 2382 13 built build VBN 31627 2382 14 up up IN 31627 2382 15 of of IN 31627 2382 16 accumulations accumulation NNS 31627 2382 17 of of IN 31627 2382 18 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 2382 19 material material NN 31627 2382 20 , , , 31627 2382 21 with with IN 31627 2382 22 occasional occasional JJ 31627 2382 23 sheets sheet NNS 31627 2382 24 and and CC 31627 2382 25 dykes dyke NNS 31627 2382 26 of of IN 31627 2382 27 lava lava NN 31627 2382 28 intervening intervening NN 31627 2382 29 ; ; : 31627 2382 30 and and CC 31627 2382 31 where where WRB 31627 2382 32 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2382 33 have have VBP 31627 2382 34 taken take VBN 31627 2382 35 place place NN 31627 2382 36 in in IN 31627 2382 37 recent recent JJ 31627 2382 38 times time NNS 31627 2382 39 , , , 31627 2382 40 observation observation NN 31627 2382 41 has have VBZ 31627 2382 42 shown show VBN 31627 2382 43 that that IN 31627 2382 44 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2382 45 are be VBP 31627 2382 46 accompanied accompany VBN 31627 2382 47 by by IN 31627 2382 48 outbursts outburst NNS 31627 2382 49 of of IN 31627 2382 50 vast vast JJ 31627 2382 51 quantities quantity NNS 31627 2382 52 of of IN 31627 2382 53 aqueous aqueous JJ 31627 2382 54 vapour vapour NN 31627 2382 55 , , , 31627 2382 56 which which WDT 31627 2382 57 has have VBZ 31627 2382 58 been be VBN 31627 2382 59 the the DT 31627 2382 60 chief chief JJ 31627 2382 61 agent agent NN 31627 2382 62 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2382 63 along along IN 31627 2382 64 with with IN 31627 2382 65 various various JJ 31627 2382 66 gases gas NNS 31627 2382 67 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2382 68 in in IN 31627 2382 69 piling pile VBG 31627 2382 70 up up RP 31627 2382 71 the the DT 31627 2382 72 circular circular JJ 31627 2382 73 walls wall NNS 31627 2382 74 of of IN 31627 2382 75 the the DT 31627 2382 76 crater crater NN 31627 2382 77 . . . 31627 2383 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2383 2 has have VBZ 31627 2383 3 also also RB 31627 2383 4 been be VBN 31627 2383 5 shown show VBN 31627 2383 6 that that IN 31627 2383 7 in in IN 31627 2383 8 many many JJ 31627 2383 9 instances instance NNS 31627 2383 10 these these DT 31627 2383 11 crater crater NN 31627 2383 12 - - HYPH 31627 2383 13 walls wall NNS 31627 2383 14 have have VBP 31627 2383 15 been be VBN 31627 2383 16 breached breach VBN 31627 2383 17 on on IN 31627 2383 18 one one CD 31627 2383 19 side side NN 31627 2383 20 , , , 31627 2383 21 and and CC 31627 2383 22 that that IN 31627 2383 23 streams stream NNS 31627 2383 24 of of IN 31627 2383 25 molten molten JJ 31627 2383 26 lava lava NN 31627 2383 27 which which WDT 31627 2383 28 once once RB 31627 2383 29 occupied occupy VBD 31627 2383 30 the the DT 31627 2383 31 cup cup NN 31627 2383 32 to to IN 31627 2383 33 a a DT 31627 2383 34 greater great JJR 31627 2383 35 or or CC 31627 2383 36 less less JJR 31627 2383 37 height height NN 31627 2383 38 , , , 31627 2383 39 have have VBP 31627 2383 40 poured pour VBN 31627 2383 41 down down RP 31627 2383 42 the the DT 31627 2383 43 mountain mountain NN 31627 2383 44 side side NN 31627 2383 45 . . . 31627 2384 1 Hence hence RB 31627 2384 2 the the DT 31627 2384 3 form form NN 31627 2384 4 or or CC 31627 2384 5 outline outline NN 31627 2384 6 of of IN 31627 2384 7 many many JJ 31627 2384 8 of of IN 31627 2384 9 these these DT 31627 2384 10 fragmental fragmental JJ 31627 2384 11 craters crater NNS 31627 2384 12 is be VBZ 31627 2384 13 crescent crescent NN 31627 2384 14 - - HYPH 31627 2384 15 shaped shaped JJ 31627 2384 16 . . . 31627 2385 1 Such such JJ 31627 2385 2 breached breach VBN 31627 2385 3 craters crater NNS 31627 2385 4 are be VBP 31627 2385 5 to to TO 31627 2385 6 be be VB 31627 2385 7 found find VBN 31627 2385 8 in in IN 31627 2385 9 all all DT 31627 2385 10 parts part NNS 31627 2385 11 of of IN 31627 2385 12 the the DT 31627 2385 13 world world NN 31627 2385 14 , , , 31627 2385 15 and and CC 31627 2385 16 are be VBP 31627 2385 17 not not RB 31627 2385 18 confined confine VBN 31627 2385 19 to to IN 31627 2385 20 any any DT 31627 2385 21 one one CD 31627 2385 22 district district NN 31627 2385 23 , , , 31627 2385 24 or or CC 31627 2385 25 even even RB 31627 2385 26 continent continent NN 31627 2385 27 , , , 31627 2385 28 so so IN 31627 2385 29 that that IN 31627 2385 30 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2385 31 may may MD 31627 2385 32 be be VB 31627 2385 33 considered consider VBN 31627 2385 34 as as IN 31627 2385 35 characteristic characteristic JJ 31627 2385 36 of of IN 31627 2385 37 the the DT 31627 2385 38 class class NN 31627 2385 39 of of IN 31627 2385 40 volcanic volcanic NNP 31627 2385 41 crater crater NNP 31627 2385 42 - - , 31627 2385 43 cones cone VBZ 31627 2385 44 to to TO 31627 2385 45 which which WDT 31627 2385 46 I -PRON- PRP 31627 2385 47 am be VBP 31627 2385 48 now now RB 31627 2385 49 referring refer VBG 31627 2385 50 . . . 31627 2386 1 In in IN 31627 2386 2 the the DT 31627 2386 3 case case NN 31627 2386 4 of of IN 31627 2386 5 the the DT 31627 2386 6 moon moon NN 31627 2386 7 , , , 31627 2386 8 however however RB 31627 2386 9 , , , 31627 2386 10 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2386 11 fail fail VBP 31627 2386 12 to to TO 31627 2386 13 observe observe VB 31627 2386 14 any any DT 31627 2386 15 decided decided JJ 31627 2386 16 instances instance NNS 31627 2386 17 of of IN 31627 2386 18 breached breach VBN 31627 2386 19 craters crater NNS 31627 2386 20 , , , 31627 2386 21 with with IN 31627 2386 22 lava lava NN 31627 2386 23 - - HYPH 31627 2386 24 streams stream NNS 31627 2386 25 , , , 31627 2386 26 such such JJ 31627 2386 27 as as IN 31627 2386 28 those those DT 31627 2386 29 I -PRON- PRP 31627 2386 30 have have VBP 31627 2386 31 described describe VBN 31627 2386 32 . . . 31627 2387 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2387 2 13 13 CD 31627 2387 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2387 4 In in IN 31627 2387 5 nearly nearly RB 31627 2387 6 all all DT 31627 2387 7 cases case NNS 31627 2387 8 the the DT 31627 2387 9 ramparts rampart NNS 31627 2387 10 appear appear VBP 31627 2387 11 to to TO 31627 2387 12 extend extend VB 31627 2387 13 continuously continuously RB 31627 2387 14 round round IN 31627 2387 15 the the DT 31627 2387 16 enclosed enclose VBN 31627 2387 17 depression depression NN 31627 2387 18 , , , 31627 2387 19 solid solid JJ 31627 2387 20 and and CC 31627 2387 21 unbroken unbroken JJ 31627 2387 22 ; ; : 31627 2387 23 or or CC 31627 2387 24 at at IN 31627 2387 25 least least JJS 31627 2387 26 with with IN 31627 2387 27 no no DT 31627 2387 28 large large JJ 31627 2387 29 gap gap NN 31627 2387 30 occupying occupy VBG 31627 2387 31 a a DT 31627 2387 32 very very RB 31627 2387 33 considerable considerable JJ 31627 2387 34 section section NN 31627 2387 35 of of IN 31627 2387 36 the the DT 31627 2387 37 circumference circumference NN 31627 2387 38 . . . 31627 2388 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2388 2 See see VB 31627 2388 3 Fig fig NN 31627 2388 4 . . . 31627 2389 1 38 38 CD 31627 2389 2 . . . 31627 2389 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2390 1 Hence hence RB 31627 2390 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2390 3 are be VBP 31627 2390 4 led lead VBN 31627 2390 5 to to TO 31627 2390 6 suspect suspect VB 31627 2390 7 that that IN 31627 2390 8 there there EX 31627 2390 9 is be VBZ 31627 2390 10 some some DT 31627 2390 11 essential essential JJ 31627 2390 12 distinction distinction NN 31627 2390 13 between between IN 31627 2390 14 the the DT 31627 2390 15 craters crater NNS 31627 2390 16 on on IN 31627 2390 17 the the DT 31627 2390 18 surface surface NN 31627 2390 19 of of IN 31627 2390 20 the the DT 31627 2390 21 moon moon NN 31627 2390 22 and and CC 31627 2390 23 the the DT 31627 2390 24 greater great JJR 31627 2390 25 number number NN 31627 2390 26 of of IN 31627 2390 27 those those DT 31627 2390 28 on on IN 31627 2390 29 the the DT 31627 2390 30 surface surface NN 31627 2390 31 of of IN 31627 2390 32 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2390 33 earth earth NN 31627 2390 34 . . . 31627 2391 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2391 2 is be VBZ 31627 2391 3 scarcely scarcely RB 31627 2391 4 necessary necessary JJ 31627 2391 5 to to TO 31627 2391 6 add add VB 31627 2391 7 that that IN 31627 2391 8 the the DT 31627 2391 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2391 10 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2391 11 of of IN 31627 2391 12 the the DT 31627 2391 13 moon moon NN 31627 2391 14 offer offer VBP 31627 2391 15 no no DT 31627 2391 16 resemblance resemblance NN 31627 2391 17 whatever whatever WDT 31627 2391 18 to to IN 31627 2391 19 the the DT 31627 2391 20 dome dome NN 31627 2391 21 - - HYPH 31627 2391 22 shaped shaped JJ 31627 2391 23 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2391 24 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2391 25 of of IN 31627 2391 26 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2391 27 globe globe NN 31627 2391 28 . . . 31627 2392 1 If if IN 31627 2392 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2392 3 were be VBD 31627 2392 4 otherwise otherwise RB 31627 2392 5 , , , 31627 2392 6 the the DT 31627 2392 7 lunar lunar JJ 31627 2392 8 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2392 9 would would MD 31627 2392 10 appear appear VB 31627 2392 11 as as IN 31627 2392 12 simple simple JJ 31627 2392 13 luminous luminous JJ 31627 2392 14 points point NNS 31627 2392 15 rising rise VBG 31627 2392 16 from from IN 31627 2392 17 a a DT 31627 2392 18 dark dark JJ 31627 2392 19 floor floor NN 31627 2392 20 , , , 31627 2392 21 over over IN 31627 2392 22 which which WDT 31627 2392 23 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2392 24 would would MD 31627 2392 25 cast cast VB 31627 2392 26 a a DT 31627 2392 27 conical conical JJ 31627 2392 28 shadow shadow NN 31627 2392 29 . . . 31627 2393 1 But but CC 31627 2393 2 the the DT 31627 2393 3 form form NN 31627 2393 4 of of IN 31627 2393 5 the the DT 31627 2393 6 lunar lunar JJ 31627 2393 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2393 8 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2393 9 is be VBZ 31627 2393 10 essentially essentially RB 31627 2393 11 different different JJ 31627 2393 12 ; ; : 31627 2393 13 as as RB 31627 2393 14 already already RB 31627 2393 15 observed observe VBN 31627 2393 16 , , , 31627 2393 17 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2393 18 consist consist VBP 31627 2393 19 in in IN 31627 2393 20 general general JJ 31627 2393 21 of of IN 31627 2393 22 a a DT 31627 2393 23 circular circular JJ 31627 2393 24 rampart rampart NN 31627 2393 25 enclosing enclose VBG 31627 2393 26 a a DT 31627 2393 27 depressed depressed JJ 31627 2393 28 floor floor NN 31627 2393 29 , , , 31627 2393 30 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 2393 31 terraced terrace VBN 31627 2393 32 as as IN 31627 2393 33 in in IN 31627 2393 34 the the DT 31627 2393 35 case case NN 31627 2393 36 of of IN 31627 2393 37 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 31627 2393 38 , , , 31627 2393 39 from from IN 31627 2393 40 which which WDT 31627 2393 41 rise rise VBP 31627 2393 42 one one CD 31627 2393 43 or or CC 31627 2393 44 more more JJR 31627 2393 45 conical conical JJ 31627 2393 46 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2393 47 , , , 31627 2393 48 which which WDT 31627 2393 49 are be VBP 31627 2393 50 in in IN 31627 2393 51 effect effect NN 31627 2393 52 the the DT 31627 2393 53 later later JJ 31627 2393 54 vents vent NNS 31627 2393 55 of of IN 31627 2393 56 eruption eruption NN 31627 2393 57 . . . 31627 2394 1 In in IN 31627 2394 2 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2394 3 search search NN 31627 2394 4 , , , 31627 2394 5 therefore therefore RB 31627 2394 6 , , , 31627 2394 7 for for IN 31627 2394 8 analogous analogous JJ 31627 2394 9 forms form NNS 31627 2394 10 on on IN 31627 2394 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2394 12 own own JJ 31627 2394 13 earth earth NN 31627 2394 14 , , , 31627 2394 15 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2394 16 must must MD 31627 2394 17 leave leave VB 31627 2394 18 out out RP 31627 2394 19 the the DT 31627 2394 20 craters crater NNS 31627 2394 21 and and CC 31627 2394 22 domes dome NNS 31627 2394 23 of of IN 31627 2394 24 the the DT 31627 2394 25 type type NN 31627 2394 26 furnished furnish VBN 31627 2394 27 by by IN 31627 2394 28 the the DT 31627 2394 29 European european JJ 31627 2394 30 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2394 31 and and CC 31627 2394 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2394 33 representatives representative NNS 31627 2394 34 abroad abroad RB 31627 2394 35 , , , 31627 2394 36 and and CC 31627 2394 37 have have VBP 31627 2394 38 recourse recourse VBN 31627 2394 39 to to IN 31627 2394 40 others other NNS 31627 2394 41 of of IN 31627 2394 42 a a DT 31627 2394 43 different different JJ 31627 2394 44 type type NN 31627 2394 45 . . . 31627 2395 1 Is be VBZ 31627 2395 2 there there EX 31627 2395 3 then then RB 31627 2395 4 , , , 31627 2395 5 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2395 6 may may MD 31627 2395 7 ask ask VB 31627 2395 8 , , , 31627 2395 9 any any DT 31627 2395 10 type type NN 31627 2395 11 of of IN 31627 2395 12 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2395 13 mountain mountain NN 31627 2395 14 on on IN 31627 2395 15 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2395 16 globe globe NN 31627 2395 17 comparable comparable JJ 31627 2395 18 with with IN 31627 2395 19 those those DT 31627 2395 20 on on IN 31627 2395 21 the the DT 31627 2395 22 moon moon NN 31627 2395 23 ? ? . 31627 2396 1 In in IN 31627 2396 2 all all DT 31627 2396 3 probability probability NN 31627 2396 4 there there RB 31627 2396 5 is be VBZ 31627 2396 6 . . . 31627 2397 1 If if IN 31627 2397 2 the the DT 31627 2397 3 reader reader NN 31627 2397 4 will will MD 31627 2397 5 turn turn VB 31627 2397 6 to to IN 31627 2397 7 the the DT 31627 2397 8 description description NN 31627 2397 9 of of IN 31627 2397 10 the the DT 31627 2397 11 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2397 12 of of IN 31627 2397 13 the the DT 31627 2397 14 Hawaiian hawaiian JJ 31627 2397 15 group group NN 31627 2397 16 in in IN 31627 2397 17 the the DT 31627 2397 18 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 2397 19 , , , 31627 2397 20 especially especially RB 31627 2397 21 that that DT 31627 2397 22 of of IN 31627 2397 23 Mauna Mauna NNP 31627 2397 24 Loa Loa NNP 31627 2397 25 , , , 31627 2397 26 as as IN 31627 2397 27 given give VBN 31627 2397 28 by by IN 31627 2397 29 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2397 30 Dana Dana NNP 31627 2397 31 and and CC 31627 2397 32 others other NNS 31627 2397 33 , , , 31627 2397 34 and and CC 31627 2397 35 compare compare VB 31627 2397 36 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2397 37 with with IN 31627 2397 38 that that DT 31627 2397 39 of of IN 31627 2397 40 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 31627 2397 41 , , , 31627 2397 42 he -PRON- PRP 31627 2397 43 will will MD 31627 2397 44 find find VB 31627 2397 45 that that IN 31627 2397 46 in in IN 31627 2397 47 both both DT 31627 2397 48 cases case NNS 31627 2397 49 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2397 50 have have VBP 31627 2397 51 a a DT 31627 2397 52 circular circular JJ 31627 2397 53 rampart rampart NN 31627 2397 54 of of IN 31627 2397 55 solid solid JJ 31627 2397 56 lava lava NN 31627 2397 57 enclosing enclose VBG 31627 2397 58 a a DT 31627 2397 59 vast vast JJ 31627 2397 60 plain plain NN 31627 2397 61 of of IN 31627 2397 62 the the DT 31627 2397 63 same same JJ 31627 2397 64 material material NN 31627 2397 65 from from IN 31627 2397 66 which which WDT 31627 2397 67 rise rise VBP 31627 2397 68 one one CD 31627 2397 69 or or CC 31627 2397 70 more more JJR 31627 2397 71 lava lava NN 31627 2397 72 - - HYPH 31627 2397 73 cones cone NNS 31627 2397 74 . . . 31627 2398 1 The the DT 31627 2398 2 interiors interior NNS 31627 2398 3 in in IN 31627 2398 4 both both DT 31627 2398 5 cases case NNS 31627 2398 6 are be VBP 31627 2398 7 terraced terrace VBN 31627 2398 8 . . . 31627 2399 1 So so RB 31627 2399 2 that that IN 31627 2399 3 , , , 31627 2399 4 allowing allow VBG 31627 2399 5 for for IN 31627 2399 6 differences difference NNS 31627 2399 7 in in IN 31627 2399 8 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 2399 9 , , , 31627 2399 10 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2399 11 would would MD 31627 2399 12 seem seem VB 31627 2399 13 that that IN 31627 2399 14 there there EX 31627 2399 15 is be VBZ 31627 2399 16 no no DT 31627 2399 17 essential essential JJ 31627 2399 18 distinction distinction NN 31627 2399 19 between between IN 31627 2399 20 lunar lunar JJ 31627 2399 21 craters crater NNS 31627 2399 22 and and CC 31627 2399 23 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 2399 24 craters crater NNS 31627 2399 25 of of IN 31627 2399 26 the the DT 31627 2399 27 type type NN 31627 2399 28 of of IN 31627 2399 29 Mauna Mauna NNP 31627 2399 30 Loa Loa NNP 31627 2399 31 . . . 31627 2400 1 Dana Dana NNP 31627 2400 2 calls call VBZ 31627 2400 3 these these DT 31627 2400 4 Hawaiian hawaiian JJ 31627 2400 5 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2400 6 " " `` 31627 2400 7 basaltic basaltic JJ 31627 2400 8 , , , 31627 2400 9 " " '' 31627 2400 10 basalt basalt NN 31627 2400 11 being be VBG 31627 2400 12 the the DT 31627 2400 13 prevalent prevalent JJ 31627 2400 14 material material NN 31627 2400 15 of of IN 31627 2400 16 which which WDT 31627 2400 17 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2400 18 are be VBP 31627 2400 19 formed form VBN 31627 2400 20 . . . 31627 2401 1 Those those DT 31627 2401 2 of of IN 31627 2401 3 the the DT 31627 2401 4 moon moon NN 31627 2401 5 may may MD 31627 2401 6 be be VB 31627 2401 7 composed compose VBN 31627 2401 8 of of IN 31627 2401 9 similar similar JJ 31627 2401 10 material material NN 31627 2401 11 , , , 31627 2401 12 or or CC 31627 2401 13 otherwise otherwise RB 31627 2401 14 ; ; : 31627 2401 15 but but CC 31627 2401 16 in in IN 31627 2401 17 either either DT 31627 2401 18 case case NN 31627 2401 19 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2401 20 may may MD 31627 2401 21 suppose suppose VB 31627 2401 22 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2401 23 are be VBP 31627 2401 24 built build VBN 31627 2401 25 up up IN 31627 2401 26 of of IN 31627 2401 27 lava lava NN 31627 2401 28 , , , 31627 2401 29 erupted erupt VBD 31627 2401 30 from from IN 31627 2401 31 vents vent NNS 31627 2401 32 connected connect VBN 31627 2401 33 with with IN 31627 2401 34 the the DT 31627 2401 35 molten molten JJ 31627 2401 36 reservoirs reservoir NNS 31627 2401 37 of of IN 31627 2401 38 the the DT 31627 2401 39 interior interior NN 31627 2401 40 . . . 31627 2402 1 Thus thus RB 31627 2402 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2402 3 conclude conclude VBP 31627 2402 4 that that IN 31627 2402 5 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2402 6 belong belong VBP 31627 2402 7 to to IN 31627 2402 8 an an DT 31627 2402 9 entirely entirely RB 31627 2402 10 different different JJ 31627 2402 11 type type NN 31627 2402 12 , , , 31627 2402 13 and and CC 31627 2402 14 have have VBP 31627 2402 15 been be VBN 31627 2402 16 built build VBN 31627 2402 17 up up RP 31627 2402 18 in in IN 31627 2402 19 a a DT 31627 2402 20 different different JJ 31627 2402 21 manner manner NN 31627 2402 22 , , , 31627 2402 23 from from IN 31627 2402 24 those those DT 31627 2402 25 represented represent VBN 31627 2402 26 by by IN 31627 2402 27 Etna Etna NNP 31627 2402 28 , , , 31627 2402 29 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 2402 30 , , , 31627 2402 31 and and CC 31627 2402 32 most most JJS 31627 2402 33 of of IN 31627 2402 34 the the DT 31627 2402 35 extinct extinct JJ 31627 2402 36 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2402 37 of of IN 31627 2402 38 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 2402 39 , , , 31627 2402 40 the the DT 31627 2402 41 Eifel Eifel NNP 31627 2402 42 , , , 31627 2402 43 and and CC 31627 2402 44 of of IN 31627 2402 45 other other JJ 31627 2402 46 districts district NNS 31627 2402 47 considered consider VBN 31627 2402 48 in in IN 31627 2402 49 these these DT 31627 2402 50 pages page NNS 31627 2402 51 . . . 31627 2403 1 Let let VB 31627 2403 2 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2403 3 now now RB 31627 2403 4 endeavour endeavour VB 31627 2403 5 to to TO 31627 2403 6 picture picture VB 31627 2403 7 to to IN 31627 2403 8 ourselves -PRON- PRP 31627 2403 9 the the DT 31627 2403 10 stages stage NNS 31627 2403 11 through through IN 31627 2403 12 which which WDT 31627 2403 13 the the DT 31627 2403 14 moon moon NN 31627 2403 15 may may MD 31627 2403 16 be be VB 31627 2403 17 supposed suppose VBN 31627 2403 18 to to TO 31627 2403 19 have have VB 31627 2403 20 passed pass VBN 31627 2403 21 from from IN 31627 2403 22 the the DT 31627 2403 23 time time NN 31627 2403 24 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2403 25 surface surface NN 31627 2403 26 began begin VBD 31627 2403 27 to to TO 31627 2403 28 consolidate consolidate VB 31627 2403 29 owing owing NN 31627 2403 30 to to IN 31627 2403 31 the the DT 31627 2403 32 radiation radiation NN 31627 2403 33 of of IN 31627 2403 34 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2403 35 heat heat NN 31627 2403 36 into into IN 31627 2403 37 space space NN 31627 2403 38 ; ; : 31627 2403 39 for for IN 31627 2403 40 there there EX 31627 2403 41 is be VBZ 31627 2403 42 every every DT 31627 2403 43 probability probability NN 31627 2403 44 that that WDT 31627 2403 45 some some DT 31627 2403 46 of of IN 31627 2403 47 the the DT 31627 2403 48 craters crater NNS 31627 2403 49 now now RB 31627 2403 50 visible visible JJ 31627 2403 51 on on IN 31627 2403 52 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2403 53 disk disk NN 31627 2403 54 were be VBD 31627 2403 55 formed form VBN 31627 2403 56 at at IN 31627 2403 57 a a DT 31627 2403 58 very very RB 31627 2403 59 early early JJ 31627 2403 60 period period NN 31627 2403 61 of of IN 31627 2403 62 her -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2403 63 physical physical JJ 31627 2403 64 history history NN 31627 2403 65 . . . 31627 2404 1 When when WRB 31627 2404 2 the the DT 31627 2404 3 surface surface NN 31627 2404 4 began begin VBD 31627 2404 5 to to TO 31627 2404 6 consolidate consolidate VB 31627 2404 7 , , , 31627 2404 8 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2404 9 must must MD 31627 2404 10 also also RB 31627 2404 11 have have VB 31627 2404 12 contracted contract VBN 31627 2404 13 ; ; : 31627 2404 14 and and CC 31627 2404 15 the the DT 31627 2404 16 interior interior JJ 31627 2404 17 molten molten JJ 31627 2404 18 matter matter NN 31627 2404 19 , , , 31627 2404 20 pressed press VBN 31627 2404 21 out out RP 31627 2404 22 by by IN 31627 2404 23 the the DT 31627 2404 24 contracting contracting NN 31627 2404 25 crust crust NN 31627 2404 26 , , , 31627 2404 27 must must MD 31627 2404 28 have have VB 31627 2404 29 been be VBN 31627 2404 30 over over RB 31627 2404 31 and and CC 31627 2404 32 over over RB 31627 2404 33 again again RB 31627 2404 34 extruded extrude VBN 31627 2404 35 through through IN 31627 2404 36 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2404 37 produced produce VBN 31627 2404 38 over over IN 31627 2404 39 the the DT 31627 2404 40 solidified solidify VBN 31627 2404 41 surface surface NN 31627 2404 42 , , , 31627 2404 43 until until IN 31627 2404 44 the the DT 31627 2404 45 solid solid JJ 31627 2404 46 crust crust NN 31627 2404 47 extended extend VBN 31627 2404 48 over over IN 31627 2404 49 the the DT 31627 2404 50 whole whole JJ 31627 2404 51 lunar lunar JJ 31627 2404 52 surface surface NN 31627 2404 53 , , , 31627 2404 54 and and CC 31627 2404 55 became become VBD 31627 2404 56 of of IN 31627 2404 57 considerable considerable JJ 31627 2404 58 thickness thickness NN 31627 2404 59 . . . 31627 2405 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2405 2 is be VBZ 31627 2405 3 from from IN 31627 2405 4 this this DT 31627 2405 5 epoch epoch NN 31627 2405 6 that that IN 31627 2405 7 , , , 31627 2405 8 in in IN 31627 2405 9 all all DT 31627 2405 10 probability probability NN 31627 2405 11 , , , 31627 2405 12 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2405 13 should should MD 31627 2405 14 date date VB 31627 2405 15 the the DT 31627 2405 16 commencement commencement NN 31627 2405 17 of of IN 31627 2405 18 what what WP 31627 2405 19 may may MD 31627 2405 20 be be VB 31627 2405 21 termed term VBN 31627 2405 22 " " `` 31627 2405 23 the the DT 31627 2405 24 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2405 25 history history NN 31627 2405 26 " " '' 31627 2405 27 of of IN 31627 2405 28 the the DT 31627 2405 29 moon moon NN 31627 2405 30 . . . 31627 2406 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 2406 2 must must MD 31627 2406 3 bear bear VB 31627 2406 4 in in IN 31627 2406 5 mind mind NN 31627 2406 6 that that IN 31627 2406 7 although although IN 31627 2406 8 the the DT 31627 2406 9 moon moon NN 31627 2406 10 's 's POS 31627 2406 11 surface surface NN 31627 2406 12 had have VBD 31627 2406 13 become become VBN 31627 2406 14 solid solid JJ 31627 2406 15 , , , 31627 2406 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2406 17 temperature temperature NN 31627 2406 18 may may MD 31627 2406 19 have have VB 31627 2406 20 remained remain VBN 31627 2406 21 high high JJ 31627 2406 22 for for IN 31627 2406 23 a a DT 31627 2406 24 very very RB 31627 2406 25 long long JJ 31627 2406 26 period period NN 31627 2406 27 . . . 31627 2407 1 But but CC 31627 2407 2 the the DT 31627 2407 3 continuous continuous JJ 31627 2407 4 radiation radiation NN 31627 2407 5 of of IN 31627 2407 6 the the DT 31627 2407 7 surface surface NN 31627 2407 8 - - HYPH 31627 2407 9 heat heat NN 31627 2407 10 into into IN 31627 2407 11 space space NN 31627 2407 12 would would MD 31627 2407 13 produce produce VB 31627 2407 14 continuous continuous JJ 31627 2407 15 contraction contraction NN 31627 2407 16 , , , 31627 2407 17 while while IN 31627 2407 18 the the DT 31627 2407 19 convection convection NN 31627 2407 20 of of IN 31627 2407 21 the the DT 31627 2407 22 interior interior JJ 31627 2407 23 heat heat NN 31627 2407 24 would would MD 31627 2407 25 tend tend VB 31627 2407 26 to to TO 31627 2407 27 increase increase VB 31627 2407 28 the the DT 31627 2407 29 thickness thickness NN 31627 2407 30 of of IN 31627 2407 31 the the DT 31627 2407 32 outer outer JJ 31627 2407 33 solid solid JJ 31627 2407 34 shell shell NN 31627 2407 35 ; ; : 31627 2407 36 and and CC 31627 2407 37 this this DT 31627 2407 38 , , , 31627 2407 39 ever ever RB 31627 2407 40 pressing press VBG 31627 2407 41 with with IN 31627 2407 42 increasing increase VBG 31627 2407 43 force force NN 31627 2407 44 on on IN 31627 2407 45 the the DT 31627 2407 46 interior interior NNP 31627 2407 47 molten molten JJ 31627 2407 48 mass mass NN 31627 2407 49 , , , 31627 2407 50 would would MD 31627 2407 51 result result VB 31627 2407 52 in in IN 31627 2407 53 frequent frequent JJ 31627 2407 54 ruptures rupture NNS 31627 2407 55 of of IN 31627 2407 56 the the DT 31627 2407 57 shell shell NN 31627 2407 58 , , , 31627 2407 59 and and CC 31627 2407 60 the the DT 31627 2407 61 extrusion extrusion NN 31627 2407 62 of of IN 31627 2407 63 molten molten JJ 31627 2407 64 lava lava NN 31627 2407 65 rising rise VBG 31627 2407 66 from from IN 31627 2407 67 below below RB 31627 2407 68 . . . 31627 2408 1 Hence hence RB 31627 2408 2 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2408 3 may may MD 31627 2408 4 suppose suppose VB 31627 2408 5 the the DT 31627 2408 6 fissure fissure NN 31627 2408 7 - - HYPH 31627 2408 8 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2408 9 of of IN 31627 2408 10 lava lava NN 31627 2408 11 were be VBD 31627 2408 12 of of IN 31627 2408 13 frequent frequent JJ 31627 2408 14 occurrence occurrence NN 31627 2408 15 for for IN 31627 2408 16 a a DT 31627 2408 17 lengthened lengthen VBN 31627 2408 18 period period NN 31627 2408 19 during during IN 31627 2408 20 the the DT 31627 2408 21 early early JJ 31627 2408 22 stage stage NN 31627 2408 23 of of IN 31627 2408 24 consolidation consolidation NN 31627 2408 25 of of IN 31627 2408 26 the the DT 31627 2408 27 lunar lunar JJ 31627 2408 28 crust crust NN 31627 2408 29 ; ; : 31627 2408 30 but but CC 31627 2408 31 afterwards afterwards RB 31627 2408 32 these these DT 31627 2408 33 may may MD 31627 2408 34 be be VB 31627 2408 35 supposed suppose VBN 31627 2408 36 to to TO 31627 2408 37 have have VB 31627 2408 38 given give VBN 31627 2408 39 place place NN 31627 2408 40 to to IN 31627 2408 41 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2408 42 through through IN 31627 2408 43 pipes pipe NNS 31627 2408 44 or or CC 31627 2408 45 vents vent NNS 31627 2408 46 , , , 31627 2408 47 resulting result VBG 31627 2408 48 in in IN 31627 2408 49 the the DT 31627 2408 50 formation formation NN 31627 2408 51 of of IN 31627 2408 52 the the DT 31627 2408 53 circular circular JJ 31627 2408 54 craters crater NNS 31627 2408 55 which which WDT 31627 2408 56 form form VBP 31627 2408 57 such such JJ 31627 2408 58 striking striking JJ 31627 2408 59 and and CC 31627 2408 60 characteristic characteristic JJ 31627 2408 61 objects object NNS 31627 2408 62 in in IN 31627 2408 63 the the DT 31627 2408 64 physical physical JJ 31627 2408 65 aspect aspect NN 31627 2408 66 of of IN 31627 2408 67 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2408 68 satellite satellite NN 31627 2408 69 . . . 31627 2409 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2409 2 14 14 CD 31627 2409 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2409 4 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2409 5 is be VBZ 31627 2409 6 not not RB 31627 2409 7 to to TO 31627 2409 8 be be VB 31627 2409 9 supposed suppose VBN 31627 2409 10 that that IN 31627 2409 11 the the DT 31627 2409 12 various various JJ 31627 2409 13 physical physical JJ 31627 2409 14 features feature NNS 31627 2409 15 on on IN 31627 2409 16 the the DT 31627 2409 17 lunar lunar JJ 31627 2409 18 surface surface NN 31627 2409 19 have have VBP 31627 2409 20 all all DT 31627 2409 21 originated originate VBN 31627 2409 22 in in IN 31627 2409 23 the the DT 31627 2409 24 same same JJ 31627 2409 25 way way NN 31627 2409 26 . . . 31627 2410 1 The the DT 31627 2410 2 great great JJ 31627 2410 3 ranges range NNS 31627 2410 4 of of IN 31627 2410 5 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2410 6 previously previously RB 31627 2410 7 described describe VBN 31627 2410 8 may may MD 31627 2410 9 have have VB 31627 2410 10 originated originate VBN 31627 2410 11 by by IN 31627 2410 12 a a DT 31627 2410 13 process process NN 31627 2410 14 of of IN 31627 2410 15 piling pile VBG 31627 2410 16 up up RP 31627 2410 17 of of IN 31627 2410 18 immense immense JJ 31627 2410 19 masses masse NNS 31627 2410 20 of of IN 31627 2410 21 molten molten JJ 31627 2410 22 lava lava NN 31627 2410 23 extruded extrude VBN 31627 2410 24 from from IN 31627 2410 25 the the DT 31627 2410 26 interior interior NN 31627 2410 27 through through IN 31627 2410 28 vents vent NNS 31627 2410 29 or or CC 31627 2410 30 fissures fissure NNS 31627 2410 31 ; ; : 31627 2410 32 while while IN 31627 2410 33 the the DT 31627 2410 34 great great JJ 31627 2410 35 hollows hollow NNS 31627 2410 36 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2410 37 or or CC 31627 2410 38 " " `` 31627 2410 39 seas sea NNS 31627 2410 40 " " '' 31627 2410 41 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2410 42 are be VBP 31627 2410 43 probably probably RB 31627 2410 44 due due JJ 31627 2410 45 to to IN 31627 2410 46 the the DT 31627 2410 47 falling fall VBG 31627 2410 48 inwards inward NNS 31627 2410 49 of of IN 31627 2410 50 large large JJ 31627 2410 51 spaces space NNS 31627 2410 52 owing owe VBG 31627 2410 53 to to IN 31627 2410 54 the the DT 31627 2410 55 escape escape NN 31627 2410 56 of of IN 31627 2410 57 the the DT 31627 2410 58 interior interior JJ 31627 2410 59 lava lava NN 31627 2410 60 . . . 31627 2411 1 But but CC 31627 2411 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2411 3 is be VBZ 31627 2411 4 with with IN 31627 2411 5 the the DT 31627 2411 6 circular circular JJ 31627 2411 7 craters crater NNS 31627 2411 8 that that IN 31627 2411 9 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2411 10 are be VBP 31627 2411 11 most most RBS 31627 2411 12 concerned concerned JJ 31627 2411 13 . . . 31627 2412 1 Judging judge VBG 31627 2412 2 from from IN 31627 2412 3 analogy analogy NN 31627 2412 4 with with IN 31627 2412 5 the the DT 31627 2412 6 lava lava NN 31627 2412 7 - - HYPH 31627 2412 8 craters crater NNS 31627 2412 9 present present JJ 31627 2412 10 on on IN 31627 2412 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2412 12 globe globe NN 31627 2412 13 , , , 31627 2412 14 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2412 15 must must MD 31627 2412 16 suppose suppose VB 31627 2412 17 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2412 18 to to TO 31627 2412 19 be be VB 31627 2412 20 due due IN 31627 2412 21 to to IN 31627 2412 22 the the DT 31627 2412 23 extrusion extrusion NN 31627 2412 24 , , , 31627 2412 25 and and CC 31627 2412 26 piling pile VBG 31627 2412 27 up up RP 31627 2412 28 , , , 31627 2412 29 of of IN 31627 2412 30 lava lava NN 31627 2412 31 through through IN 31627 2412 32 central central JJ 31627 2412 33 pipes pipe NNS 31627 2412 34 , , , 31627 2412 35 followed follow VBN 31627 2412 36 in in IN 31627 2412 37 some some DT 31627 2412 38 cases case NNS 31627 2412 39 by by IN 31627 2412 40 the the DT 31627 2412 41 subsidence subsidence NN 31627 2412 42 of of IN 31627 2412 43 the the DT 31627 2412 44 floor floor NN 31627 2412 45 of of IN 31627 2412 46 the the DT 31627 2412 47 crater crater NN 31627 2412 48 . . . 31627 2413 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2413 2 seems seem VBZ 31627 2413 3 not not RB 31627 2413 4 improbable improbable JJ 31627 2413 5 that that IN 31627 2413 6 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2413 7 was be VBD 31627 2413 8 in in IN 31627 2413 9 this this DT 31627 2413 10 way way NN 31627 2413 11 the the DT 31627 2413 12 greater great JJR 31627 2413 13 number number NN 31627 2413 14 of of IN 31627 2413 15 the the DT 31627 2413 16 circular circular JJ 31627 2413 17 craters crater NNS 31627 2413 18 lying lie VBG 31627 2413 19 around around IN 31627 2413 20 Tycho Tycho NNP 31627 2413 21 , , , 31627 2413 22 and and CC 31627 2413 23 dotting dot VBG 31627 2413 24 so so RB 31627 2413 25 large large JJ 31627 2413 26 a a DT 31627 2413 27 space space NN 31627 2413 28 round round IN 31627 2413 29 the the DT 31627 2413 30 margin margin NN 31627 2413 31 of of IN 31627 2413 32 the the DT 31627 2413 33 moon moon NN 31627 2413 34 , , , 31627 2413 35 were be VBD 31627 2413 36 constructed construct VBN 31627 2413 37 . . . 31627 2414 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2414 2 See see VB 31627 2414 3 Fig fig NN 31627 2414 4 . . . 31627 2415 1 38 38 CD 31627 2415 2 . . . 31627 2415 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2416 1 In in IN 31627 2416 2 general general JJ 31627 2416 3 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2416 4 appear appear VBP 31627 2416 5 to to TO 31627 2416 6 consist consist VB 31627 2416 7 of of IN 31627 2416 8 an an DT 31627 2416 9 elevated elevated JJ 31627 2416 10 rim rim NN 31627 2416 11 , , , 31627 2416 12 enclosing enclose VBG 31627 2416 13 a a DT 31627 2416 14 depressed depress VBN 31627 2416 15 plain plain NN 31627 2416 16 , , , 31627 2416 17 out out IN 31627 2416 18 of of IN 31627 2416 19 which which WDT 31627 2416 20 a a DT 31627 2416 21 central central JJ 31627 2416 22 cone cone NN 31627 2416 23 arises arise VBZ 31627 2416 24 . . . 31627 2417 1 The the DT 31627 2417 2 rim rim NN 31627 2417 3 may may MD 31627 2417 4 be be VB 31627 2417 5 supposed suppose VBN 31627 2417 6 to to TO 31627 2417 7 have have VB 31627 2417 8 been be VBN 31627 2417 9 piled pile VBN 31627 2417 10 up up RP 31627 2417 11 by by IN 31627 2417 12 successive successive JJ 31627 2417 13 discharges discharge NNS 31627 2417 14 of of IN 31627 2417 15 lava lava NN 31627 2417 16 from from IN 31627 2417 17 a a DT 31627 2417 18 central central JJ 31627 2417 19 orifice orifice NN 31627 2417 20 ; ; : 31627 2417 21 and and CC 31627 2417 22 after after IN 31627 2417 23 the the DT 31627 2417 24 subsidence subsidence NN 31627 2417 25 of of IN 31627 2417 26 the the DT 31627 2417 27 paroxysm paroxysm NNS 31627 2417 28 the the DT 31627 2417 29 lava lava NN 31627 2417 30 still still RB 31627 2417 31 in in IN 31627 2417 32 a a DT 31627 2417 33 molten molten JJ 31627 2417 34 condition condition NN 31627 2417 35 may may MD 31627 2417 36 have have VB 31627 2417 37 sunk sink VBN 31627 2417 38 down down RP 31627 2417 39 , , , 31627 2417 40 forming form VBG 31627 2417 41 a a DT 31627 2417 42 seething seethe VBG 31627 2417 43 lake lake NN 31627 2417 44 within within IN 31627 2417 45 the the DT 31627 2417 46 vast vast JJ 31627 2417 47 circular circular JJ 31627 2417 48 rampart rampart NN 31627 2417 49 , , , 31627 2417 50 as as IN 31627 2417 51 in in IN 31627 2417 52 the the DT 31627 2417 53 case case NN 31627 2417 54 of of IN 31627 2417 55 the the DT 31627 2417 56 Hawaiian hawaiian JJ 31627 2417 57 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2417 58 . . . 31627 2418 1 The the DT 31627 2418 2 terraces terrace NNS 31627 2418 3 observable observable JJ 31627 2418 4 within within IN 31627 2418 5 the the DT 31627 2418 6 craters crater NNS 31627 2418 7 in in IN 31627 2418 8 some some DT 31627 2418 9 instances instance NNS 31627 2418 10 have have VBP 31627 2418 11 probably probably RB 31627 2418 12 been be VBN 31627 2418 13 left leave VBN 31627 2418 14 by by IN 31627 2418 15 subsequent subsequent JJ 31627 2418 16 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2418 17 which which WDT 31627 2418 18 have have VBP 31627 2418 19 not not RB 31627 2418 20 attained attain VBN 31627 2418 21 to to IN 31627 2418 22 the the DT 31627 2418 23 level level NN 31627 2418 24 of of IN 31627 2418 25 preceding precede VBG 31627 2418 26 ones one NNS 31627 2418 27 ; ; : 31627 2418 28 and and CC 31627 2418 29 where where WRB 31627 2418 30 a a DT 31627 2418 31 central central JJ 31627 2418 32 crater crater NN 31627 2418 33 - - HYPH 31627 2418 34 cone cone NN 31627 2418 35 is be VBZ 31627 2418 36 seen see VBN 31627 2418 37 to to TO 31627 2418 38 rise rise VB 31627 2418 39 within within IN 31627 2418 40 the the DT 31627 2418 41 caldron caldron NN 31627 2418 42 , , , 31627 2418 43 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2418 44 may may MD 31627 2418 45 suppose suppose VB 31627 2418 46 this this DT 31627 2418 47 to to TO 31627 2418 48 have have VB 31627 2418 49 been be VBN 31627 2418 50 built build VBN 31627 2418 51 up up RP 31627 2418 52 by by IN 31627 2418 53 a a DT 31627 2418 54 later later JJ 31627 2418 55 series series NN 31627 2418 56 of of IN 31627 2418 57 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2418 58 of of IN 31627 2418 59 lava lava NN 31627 2418 60 through through IN 31627 2418 61 the the DT 31627 2418 62 original original JJ 31627 2418 63 pipe pipe NN 31627 2418 64 after after IN 31627 2418 65 the the DT 31627 2418 66 consolidation consolidation NN 31627 2418 67 of of IN 31627 2418 68 the the DT 31627 2418 69 interior interior NNP 31627 2418 70 sea sea NNP 31627 2418 71 of of IN 31627 2418 72 lava lava NNP 31627 2418 73 . . . 31627 2419 1 The the DT 31627 2419 2 mamelons mamelon NNS 31627 2419 3 of of IN 31627 2419 4 the the DT 31627 2419 5 Isle Isle NNP 31627 2419 6 of of IN 31627 2419 7 Bourbon,[15 Bourbon,[15 NNP 31627 2419 8 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2419 9 and and CC 31627 2419 10 some some DT 31627 2419 11 of of IN 31627 2419 12 the the DT 31627 2419 13 lava lava NN 31627 2419 14 - - HYPH 31627 2419 15 cones cone NNS 31627 2419 16 of of IN 31627 2419 17 Hawaii Hawaii NNP 31627 2419 18 , , , 31627 2419 19 appear appear VB 31627 2419 20 to to TO 31627 2419 21 offer offer VB 31627 2419 22 examples example NNS 31627 2419 23 on on IN 31627 2419 24 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2419 25 earth earth NN 31627 2419 26 's 's POS 31627 2419 27 surface surface NN 31627 2419 28 of of IN 31627 2419 29 these these DT 31627 2419 30 peculiar peculiar JJ 31627 2419 31 forms form NNS 31627 2419 32 . . . 31627 2420 1 Such such JJ 31627 2420 2 are be VBP 31627 2420 3 the the DT 31627 2420 4 views view NNS 31627 2420 5 of of IN 31627 2420 6 the the DT 31627 2420 7 origin origin NN 31627 2420 8 of of IN 31627 2420 9 the the DT 31627 2420 10 physical physical JJ 31627 2420 11 features feature NNS 31627 2420 12 of of IN 31627 2420 13 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2420 14 satellite satellite NN 31627 2420 15 which which WDT 31627 2420 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2420 17 form form NN 31627 2420 18 and and CC 31627 2420 19 inferred infer VBD 31627 2420 20 constitution constitution NN 31627 2420 21 appear appear VBP 31627 2420 22 to to TO 31627 2420 23 suggest suggest VB 31627 2420 24 . . . 31627 2421 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 2421 2 are be VBP 31627 2421 3 not not RB 31627 2421 4 offered offer VBN 31627 2421 5 with with IN 31627 2421 6 any any DT 31627 2421 7 intention intention NN 31627 2421 8 of of IN 31627 2421 9 dogmatising dogmatise VBG 31627 2421 10 on on IN 31627 2421 11 a a DT 31627 2421 12 subject subject NN 31627 2421 13 which which WDT 31627 2421 14 is be VBZ 31627 2421 15 admittedly admittedly RB 31627 2421 16 obscure obscure JJ 31627 2421 17 , , , 31627 2421 18 and and CC 31627 2421 19 regarding regard VBG 31627 2421 20 which which WDT 31627 2421 21 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2421 22 have have VBP 31627 2421 23 by by IN 31627 2421 24 no no DT 31627 2421 25 means means NN 31627 2421 26 all all PDT 31627 2421 27 the the DT 31627 2421 28 necessary necessary JJ 31627 2421 29 data datum NNS 31627 2421 30 for for IN 31627 2421 31 coming come VBG 31627 2421 32 to to IN 31627 2421 33 a a DT 31627 2421 34 clear clear JJ 31627 2421 35 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 2421 36 . . . 31627 2422 1 All all DT 31627 2422 2 that that WDT 31627 2422 3 can can MD 31627 2422 4 be be VB 31627 2422 5 affirmed affirm VBN 31627 2422 6 is be VBZ 31627 2422 7 , , , 31627 2422 8 that that IN 31627 2422 9 there there EX 31627 2422 10 is be VBZ 31627 2422 11 a a DT 31627 2422 12 great great JJ 31627 2422 13 deal deal NN 31627 2422 14 to to TO 31627 2422 15 be be VB 31627 2422 16 said say VBN 31627 2422 17 in in IN 31627 2422 18 support support NN 31627 2422 19 of of IN 31627 2422 20 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2422 21 , , , 31627 2422 22 and and CC 31627 2422 23 that that IN 31627 2422 24 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2422 25 are be VBP 31627 2422 26 to to IN 31627 2422 27 some some DT 31627 2422 28 extent extent NN 31627 2422 29 in in IN 31627 2422 30 harmony harmony NN 31627 2422 31 with with IN 31627 2422 32 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2422 33 within within IN 31627 2422 34 range range NN 31627 2422 35 of of IN 31627 2422 36 observation observation NN 31627 2422 37 on on IN 31627 2422 38 the the DT 31627 2422 39 surface surface NN 31627 2422 40 of of IN 31627 2422 41 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2422 42 earth earth NN 31627 2422 43 . . . 31627 2423 1 The the DT 31627 2423 2 far far RB 31627 2423 3 greater great JJR 31627 2423 4 effects effect NNS 31627 2423 5 of of IN 31627 2423 6 lunar lunar JJ 31627 2423 7 vulcanicity vulcanicity NN 31627 2423 8 , , , 31627 2423 9 as as IN 31627 2423 10 compared compare VBN 31627 2423 11 with with IN 31627 2423 12 those those DT 31627 2423 13 of of IN 31627 2423 14 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2423 15 globe globe NN 31627 2423 16 , , , 31627 2423 17 may may MD 31627 2423 18 be be VB 31627 2423 19 accounted account VBN 31627 2423 20 for for IN 31627 2423 21 to to IN 31627 2423 22 some some DT 31627 2423 23 extent extent NN 31627 2423 24 by by IN 31627 2423 25 the the DT 31627 2423 26 consideration consideration NN 31627 2423 27 that that IN 31627 2423 28 the the DT 31627 2423 29 force force NN 31627 2423 30 of of IN 31627 2423 31 gravity gravity NN 31627 2423 32 on on IN 31627 2423 33 the the DT 31627 2423 34 surface surface NN 31627 2423 35 of of IN 31627 2423 36 the the DT 31627 2423 37 moon moon NN 31627 2423 38 is be VBZ 31627 2423 39 only only RB 31627 2423 40 one one CD 31627 2423 41 - - HYPH 31627 2423 42 sixth sixth NN 31627 2423 43 of of IN 31627 2423 44 that that DT 31627 2423 45 on on IN 31627 2423 46 the the DT 31627 2423 47 surface surface NN 31627 2423 48 of of IN 31627 2423 49 the the DT 31627 2423 50 earth earth NN 31627 2423 51 . . . 31627 2424 1 Hence hence RB 31627 2424 2 the the DT 31627 2424 3 eruptive eruptive JJ 31627 2424 4 forces force NNS 31627 2424 5 of of IN 31627 2424 6 the the DT 31627 2424 7 interior interior NN 31627 2424 8 of of IN 31627 2424 9 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2424 10 satellite satellite NN 31627 2424 11 have have VBP 31627 2424 12 had have VBN 31627 2424 13 less less JJR 31627 2424 14 resistance resistance NN 31627 2424 15 to to TO 31627 2424 16 overcome overcome VB 31627 2424 17 than than IN 31627 2424 18 in in IN 31627 2424 19 the the DT 31627 2424 20 case case NN 31627 2424 21 of of IN 31627 2424 22 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2424 23 planet planet NN 31627 2424 24 ; ; , 31627 2424 25 and and CC 31627 2424 26 the the DT 31627 2424 27 erupted erupt VBN 31627 2424 28 materials material NNS 31627 2424 29 have have VBP 31627 2424 30 been be VBN 31627 2424 31 shot shoot VBN 31627 2424 32 forth forth RB 31627 2424 33 to to IN 31627 2424 34 greater great JJR 31627 2424 35 distances distance NNS 31627 2424 36 , , , 31627 2424 37 and and CC 31627 2424 38 piled pile VBD 31627 2424 39 up up RP 31627 2424 40 in in IN 31627 2424 41 greater great JJR 31627 2424 42 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 2424 43 , , , 31627 2424 44 than than IN 31627 2424 45 with with IN 31627 2424 46 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2424 47 . . . 31627 2425 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 2425 2 have have VBP 31627 2425 3 also also RB 31627 2425 4 to to TO 31627 2425 5 recollect recollect VB 31627 2425 6 that that IN 31627 2425 7 the the DT 31627 2425 8 abrading abrade VBG 31627 2425 9 action action NN 31627 2425 10 of of IN 31627 2425 11 water water NN 31627 2425 12 has have VBZ 31627 2425 13 been be VBN 31627 2425 14 absent absent JJ 31627 2425 15 from from IN 31627 2425 16 the the DT 31627 2425 17 moon moon NN 31627 2425 18 ; ; : 31627 2425 19 so so IN 31627 2425 20 that that IN 31627 2425 21 , , , 31627 2425 22 while while IN 31627 2425 23 accumulations accumulation NNS 31627 2425 24 of of IN 31627 2425 25 matter matter NN 31627 2425 26 had have VBD 31627 2425 27 been be VBN 31627 2425 28 proceeding proceed VBG 31627 2425 29 throughout throughout IN 31627 2425 30 a a DT 31627 2425 31 prolonged prolonged JJ 31627 2425 32 period period NN 31627 2425 33 over over IN 31627 2425 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2425 35 surface surface NN 31627 2425 36 , , , 31627 2425 37 there there EX 31627 2425 38 was be VBD 31627 2425 39 no no DT 31627 2425 40 counteracting counteract VBG 31627 2425 41 agency agency NN 31627 2425 42 of of IN 31627 2425 43 denudation denudation NN 31627 2425 44 at at IN 31627 2425 45 work work NN 31627 2425 46 to to TO 31627 2425 47 modify modify VB 31627 2425 48 or or CC 31627 2425 49 lessen lessen VB 31627 2425 50 the the DT 31627 2425 51 effects effect NNS 31627 2425 52 of of IN 31627 2425 53 the the DT 31627 2425 54 ruptive ruptive JJ 31627 2425 55 forces force NNS 31627 2425 56 . . . 31627 2426 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2426 2 1 1 LS 31627 2426 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2426 4 Correctly correctly RB 31627 2426 5 speaking speak VBG 31627 2426 6 , , , 31627 2426 7 each each DT 31627 2426 8 attracts attract VBZ 31627 2426 9 the the DT 31627 2426 10 other other JJ 31627 2426 11 towards towards IN 31627 2426 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2426 13 centre centre NN 31627 2426 14 of of IN 31627 2426 15 gravity gravity NN 31627 2426 16 with with IN 31627 2426 17 a a DT 31627 2426 18 force force NN 31627 2426 19 proportionate proportionate NN 31627 2426 20 to to IN 31627 2426 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2426 22 mass mass NN 31627 2426 23 , , , 31627 2426 24 and and CC 31627 2426 25 inversely inversely RB 31627 2426 26 as as IN 31627 2426 27 the the DT 31627 2426 28 square square NN 31627 2426 29 of of IN 31627 2426 30 the the DT 31627 2426 31 distance distance NN 31627 2426 32 ; ; : 31627 2426 33 but but CC 31627 2426 34 the the DT 31627 2426 35 earth earth NN 31627 2426 36 being be VBG 31627 2426 37 by by IN 31627 2426 38 much much JJ 31627 2426 39 the the DT 31627 2426 40 larger large JJR 31627 2426 41 body body NN 31627 2426 42 , , , 31627 2426 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2426 44 attraction attraction NN 31627 2426 45 is be VBZ 31627 2426 46 far far RB 31627 2426 47 greater great JJR 31627 2426 48 than than IN 31627 2426 49 that that DT 31627 2426 50 of of IN 31627 2426 51 the the DT 31627 2426 52 moon moon NN 31627 2426 53 . . . 31627 2427 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2427 2 2 2 LS 31627 2427 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2427 4 The the DT 31627 2427 5 variation variation NN 31627 2427 6 in in IN 31627 2427 7 the the DT 31627 2427 8 distance distance NN 31627 2427 9 is be VBZ 31627 2427 10 only only RB 31627 2427 11 under under IN 31627 2427 12 rare rare JJ 31627 2427 13 circumstances circumstance NNS 31627 2427 14 40,000 40,000 CD 31627 2427 15 miles mile NNS 31627 2427 16 , , , 31627 2427 17 but but CC 31627 2427 18 ordinarily ordinarily RB 31627 2427 19 about about IN 31627 2427 20 13,000 13,000 CD 31627 2427 21 miles mile NNS 31627 2427 22 . . . 31627 2428 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2428 2 3 3 CD 31627 2428 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2428 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2428 5 Story Story NNP 31627 2428 6 of of IN 31627 2428 7 the the DT 31627 2428 8 Heavens Heavens NNPS 31627 2428 9 _ _ NNP 31627 2428 10 , , , 31627 2428 11 2nd 2nd JJ 31627 2428 12 edition edition NN 31627 2428 13 , , , 31627 2428 14 p. p. NN 31627 2428 15 525 525 CD 31627 2428 16 , , , 31627 2428 17 _ _ NNP 31627 2428 18 et et NNP 31627 2428 19 seq seq NN 31627 2428 20 . . . 31627 2428 21 _ _ NNP 31627 2428 22 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2428 23 4 4 CD 31627 2428 24 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2428 25 A a DT 31627 2428 26 series series NN 31627 2428 27 of of IN 31627 2428 28 researches research NNS 31627 2428 29 made make VBN 31627 2428 30 by by IN 31627 2428 31 Zöllner Zöllner NNP 31627 2428 32 , , , 31627 2428 33 of of IN 31627 2428 34 Leipzig Leipzig NNP 31627 2428 35 , , , 31627 2428 36 led lead VBD 31627 2428 37 him -PRON- PRP 31627 2428 38 to to TO 31627 2428 39 assign assign VB 31627 2428 40 to to IN 31627 2428 41 the the DT 31627 2428 42 light light NN 31627 2428 43 - - HYPH 31627 2428 44 reflecting reflect VBG 31627 2428 45 capacity capacity NN 31627 2428 46 of of IN 31627 2428 47 the the DT 31627 2428 48 full full JJ 31627 2428 49 - - HYPH 31627 2428 50 moon moon NN 31627 2428 51 a a DT 31627 2428 52 result result NN 31627 2428 53 intermediate intermediate JJ 31627 2428 54 between between IN 31627 2428 55 that that DT 31627 2428 56 obtained obtain VBN 31627 2428 57 by by IN 31627 2428 58 Bouguer Bouguer NNP 31627 2428 59 , , , 31627 2428 60 which which WDT 31627 2428 61 gave give VBD 31627 2428 62 a a DT 31627 2428 63 brightness brightness NN 31627 2428 64 equal equal JJ 31627 2428 65 to to IN 31627 2428 66 1/300000 1/300000 CD 31627 2428 67 part part NN 31627 2428 68 of of IN 31627 2428 69 that that DT 31627 2428 70 of of IN 31627 2428 71 the the DT 31627 2428 72 sun sun NN 31627 2428 73 , , , 31627 2428 74 and and CC 31627 2428 75 of of IN 31627 2428 76 Wollaston Wollaston NNP 31627 2428 77 , , , 31627 2428 78 which which WDT 31627 2428 79 gave give VBD 31627 2428 80 1/801070 1/801070 CD 31627 2428 81 part part NN 31627 2428 82 . . . 31627 2429 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 2429 2 may may MD 31627 2429 3 accept accept VB 31627 2429 4 1/618000 1/618000 CD 31627 2429 5 of of IN 31627 2429 6 Zöllner Zöllner NNP 31627 2429 7 as as IN 31627 2429 8 sufficiently sufficiently RB 31627 2429 9 close close JJ 31627 2429 10 ; ; : 31627 2429 11 so so IN 31627 2429 12 that that IN 31627 2429 13 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2429 14 would would MD 31627 2429 15 require require VB 31627 2429 16 600,000 600,000 CD 31627 2429 17 full full JJ 31627 2429 18 moons moon NNS 31627 2429 19 to to TO 31627 2429 20 give give VB 31627 2429 21 the the DT 31627 2429 22 same same JJ 31627 2429 23 amount amount NN 31627 2429 24 of of IN 31627 2429 25 light light NN 31627 2429 26 as as IN 31627 2429 27 that that DT 31627 2429 28 of of IN 31627 2429 29 the the DT 31627 2429 30 sun sun NN 31627 2429 31 . . . 31627 2430 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2430 2 5 5 CD 31627 2430 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2430 4 Schroter Schroter NNP 31627 2430 5 , , , 31627 2430 6 however however RB 31627 2430 7 , , , 31627 2430 8 came come VBD 31627 2430 9 to to IN 31627 2430 10 the the DT 31627 2430 11 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 2430 12 that that IN 31627 2430 13 the the DT 31627 2430 14 moon moon NN 31627 2430 15 has have VBZ 31627 2430 16 an an DT 31627 2430 17 atmosphere atmosphere NN 31627 2430 18 . . . 31627 2431 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2431 2 6 6 CD 31627 2431 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2431 4 A a DT 31627 2431 5 chart chart NN 31627 2431 6 of of IN 31627 2431 7 the the DT 31627 2431 8 moon moon NN 31627 2431 9 's 's POS 31627 2431 10 surface surface NN 31627 2431 11 , , , 31627 2431 12 with with IN 31627 2431 13 the the DT 31627 2431 14 names name NNS 31627 2431 15 of of IN 31627 2431 16 the the DT 31627 2431 17 principal principal JJ 31627 2431 18 physical physical JJ 31627 2431 19 features feature NNS 31627 2431 20 , , , 31627 2431 21 will will MD 31627 2431 22 be be VB 31627 2431 23 found find VBN 31627 2431 24 in in IN 31627 2431 25 Ball Ball NNP 31627 2431 26 's 's POS 31627 2431 27 _ _ NNP 31627 2431 28 Story Story NNP 31627 2431 29 of of IN 31627 2431 30 the the DT 31627 2431 31 Heavens Heavens NNPS 31627 2431 32 _ _ NNP 31627 2431 33 , , , 31627 2431 34 2nd 2nd JJ 31627 2431 35 edit edit NN 31627 2431 36 . . . 31627 2431 37 , , , 31627 2431 38 p. p. NN 31627 2431 39 60 60 CD 31627 2431 40 . . . 31627 2432 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2432 2 must must MD 31627 2432 3 be be VB 31627 2432 4 remembered remember VBN 31627 2432 5 that that IN 31627 2432 6 the the DT 31627 2432 7 moon moon NN 31627 2432 8 as as IN 31627 2432 9 seen see VBN 31627 2432 10 through through IN 31627 2432 11 a a DT 31627 2432 12 telescope telescope NN 31627 2432 13 appears appear VBZ 31627 2432 14 in in IN 31627 2432 15 reversed reversed JJ 31627 2432 16 position position NN 31627 2432 17 . . . 31627 2433 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2433 2 7 7 CD 31627 2433 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2433 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2433 5 Ibid Ibid NNP 31627 2433 6 . . . 31627 2433 7 _ _ NNP 31627 2433 8 , , , 31627 2433 9 p. p. NN 31627 2433 10 66 66 CD 31627 2433 11 . . . 31627 2434 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2434 2 8 8 CD 31627 2434 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2434 4 As as IN 31627 2434 5 represented represent VBN 31627 2434 6 by by IN 31627 2434 7 Nasmyth Nasmyth NNP 31627 2434 8 's 's POS 31627 2434 9 models model NNS 31627 2434 10 in in IN 31627 2434 11 plaster plaster NN 31627 2434 12 . . . 31627 2435 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2435 2 9 9 CD 31627 2435 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2435 4 Ball Ball NNP 31627 2435 5 , , , 31627 2435 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2435 7 loc loc NNP 31627 2435 8 . . . 31627 2436 1 cit cit NNP 31627 2436 2 . . . 31627 2436 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2436 4 , , , 31627 2436 5 p. p. NN 31627 2436 6 67 67 CD 31627 2436 7 . . . 31627 2437 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2437 2 10 10 CD 31627 2437 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2437 4 Ball Ball NNP 31627 2437 5 , , , 31627 2437 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2437 7 loc loc NNP 31627 2437 8 . . . 31627 2438 1 cit cit NNP 31627 2438 2 . . . 31627 2438 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2438 4 , , , 31627 2438 5 p. p. NN 31627 2438 6 69 69 CD 31627 2438 7 . . . 31627 2439 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2439 2 11 11 CD 31627 2439 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2439 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2439 5 Astronomy Astronomy NNP 31627 2439 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2439 7 , , , 31627 2439 8 p. p. NN 31627 2439 9 78 78 CD 31627 2439 10 . . . 31627 2440 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2440 2 12 12 CD 31627 2440 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2440 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2440 5 Outlines Outlines NNP 31627 2440 6 of of IN 31627 2440 7 Astronomy Astronomy NNP 31627 2440 8 _ _ NNP 31627 2440 9 , , , 31627 2440 10 p. p. NN 31627 2440 11 285 285 CD 31627 2440 12 . . . 31627 2441 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2441 2 13 13 CD 31627 2441 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2441 4 At at IN 31627 2441 5 rare rare JJ 31627 2441 6 intervals interval NNS 31627 2441 7 a a DT 31627 2441 8 few few JJ 31627 2441 9 crescent crescent NN 31627 2441 10 - - HYPH 31627 2441 11 shaped shape VBN 31627 2441 12 ridges ridge NNS 31627 2441 13 are be VBP 31627 2441 14 discernible discernible JJ 31627 2441 15 on on IN 31627 2441 16 the the DT 31627 2441 17 lunar lunar JJ 31627 2441 18 sphere sphere NN 31627 2441 19 , , , 31627 2441 20 but but CC 31627 2441 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2441 22 is be VBZ 31627 2441 23 very very RB 31627 2441 24 doubtful doubtful JJ 31627 2441 25 if if IN 31627 2441 26 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2441 27 are be VBP 31627 2441 28 to to TO 31627 2441 29 be be VB 31627 2441 30 regarded regard VBN 31627 2441 31 as as IN 31627 2441 32 breached breach VBN 31627 2441 33 craters crater NNS 31627 2441 34 . . . 31627 2442 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2442 2 14 14 CD 31627 2442 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2442 4 The the DT 31627 2442 5 number number NN 31627 2442 6 of of IN 31627 2442 7 " " `` 31627 2442 8 spots spot NNS 31627 2442 9 " " '' 31627 2442 10 on on IN 31627 2442 11 the the DT 31627 2442 12 moon moon NN 31627 2442 13 was be VBD 31627 2442 14 considered consider VBN 31627 2442 15 to to TO 31627 2442 16 be be VB 31627 2442 17 244 244 CD 31627 2442 18 until until IN 31627 2442 19 Schroter Schroter NNP 31627 2442 20 increased increase VBD 31627 2442 21 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2442 22 to to IN 31627 2442 23 6,000 6,000 CD 31627 2442 24 , , , 31627 2442 25 and and CC 31627 2442 26 accurately accurately RB 31627 2442 27 described describe VBD 31627 2442 28 many many JJ 31627 2442 29 of of IN 31627 2442 30 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2442 31 . . . 31627 2443 1 Schroter schroter NN 31627 2443 2 seems seem VBZ 31627 2443 3 to to TO 31627 2443 4 have have VB 31627 2443 5 been be VBN 31627 2443 6 the the DT 31627 2443 7 earliest early JJS 31627 2443 8 observer observer NN 31627 2443 9 who who WP 31627 2443 10 identified identify VBD 31627 2443 11 the the DT 31627 2443 12 circular circular JJ 31627 2443 13 hollows hollow NNS 31627 2443 14 on on IN 31627 2443 15 the the DT 31627 2443 16 moon moon NN 31627 2443 17 's 's POS 31627 2443 18 surface surface NN 31627 2443 19 as as IN 31627 2443 20 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2443 21 craters crater NNS 31627 2443 22 . . . 31627 2444 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2444 2 15 15 CD 31627 2444 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2444 4 Drawings drawing NNS 31627 2444 5 of of IN 31627 2444 6 these these DT 31627 2444 7 very very RB 31627 2444 8 curious curious JJ 31627 2444 9 forms form NNS 31627 2444 10 are be VBP 31627 2444 11 given give VBN 31627 2444 12 by by IN 31627 2444 13 Judd Judd NNP 31627 2444 14 , , , 31627 2444 15 _ _ NNP 31627 2444 16 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNP 31627 2444 17 _ _ NNP 31627 2444 18 , , , 31627 2444 19 p. p. NN 31627 2444 20 127 127 CD 31627 2444 21 . . . 31627 2445 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 31627 2445 2 III III NNP 31627 2445 3 . . . 31627 2446 1 ARE are VBP 31627 2446 2 WE we PRP 31627 2446 3 LIVING live VBG 31627 2446 4 IN in IN 31627 2446 5 AN an DT 31627 2446 6 EPOCH epoch NN 31627 2446 7 OF of IN 31627 2446 8 SPECIAL SPECIAL NNP 31627 2446 9 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 2446 10 ACTIVITY ACTIVITY NNP 31627 2446 11 ? ? . 31627 2447 1 The the DT 31627 2447 2 question question NN 31627 2447 3 which which WDT 31627 2447 4 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2447 5 are be VBP 31627 2447 6 about about JJ 31627 2447 7 to to TO 31627 2447 8 discuss discuss VB 31627 2447 9 in in IN 31627 2447 10 the the DT 31627 2447 11 concluding concluding NN 31627 2447 12 chapter chapter NN 31627 2447 13 of of IN 31627 2447 14 this this DT 31627 2447 15 volume volume NN 31627 2447 16 is be VBZ 31627 2447 17 one one CD 31627 2447 18 to to TO 31627 2447 19 which which WDT 31627 2447 20 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2447 21 ought ought MD 31627 2447 22 to to TO 31627 2447 23 be be VB 31627 2447 24 able able JJ 31627 2447 25 to to TO 31627 2447 26 offer offer VB 31627 2447 27 a a DT 31627 2447 28 definite definite JJ 31627 2447 29 answer answer NN 31627 2447 30 . . . 31627 2448 1 This this DT 31627 2448 2 can can MD 31627 2448 3 only only RB 31627 2448 4 be be VB 31627 2448 5 arrived arrive VBN 31627 2448 6 at at IN 31627 2448 7 by by IN 31627 2448 8 a a DT 31627 2448 9 comparison comparison NN 31627 2448 10 of of IN 31627 2448 11 the the DT 31627 2448 12 violence violence NN 31627 2448 13 and and CC 31627 2448 14 extent extent NN 31627 2448 15 of of IN 31627 2448 16 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2448 17 and and CC 31627 2448 18 seismic seismic JJ 31627 2448 19 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2448 20 within within IN 31627 2448 21 the the DT 31627 2448 22 period period NN 31627 2448 23 of of IN 31627 2448 24 history history NN 31627 2448 25 with with IN 31627 2448 26 those those DT 31627 2448 27 of of IN 31627 2448 28 pre pre JJ 31627 2448 29 - - JJ 31627 2448 30 historic historic JJ 31627 2448 31 periods period NNS 31627 2448 32 . . . 31627 2449 1 At at IN 31627 2449 2 first first JJ 31627 2449 3 sight sight NN 31627 2449 4 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2449 5 might may MD 31627 2449 6 be be VB 31627 2449 7 disposed dispose VBN 31627 2449 8 to to TO 31627 2449 9 give give VB 31627 2449 10 to to IN 31627 2449 11 the the DT 31627 2449 12 question question NN 31627 2449 13 an an DT 31627 2449 14 affirmative affirmative JJ 31627 2449 15 reply reply NN 31627 2449 16 when when WRB 31627 2449 17 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2449 18 remember remember VBP 31627 2449 19 the the DT 31627 2449 20 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2449 21 of of IN 31627 2449 22 the the DT 31627 2449 23 last last JJ 31627 2449 24 few few JJ 31627 2449 25 years year NNS 31627 2449 26 , , , 31627 2449 27 and and CC 31627 2449 28 add add VB 31627 2449 29 to to IN 31627 2449 30 these these DT 31627 2449 31 the the DT 31627 2449 32 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2449 33 outbursts outburst NNS 31627 2449 34 and and CC 31627 2449 35 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2449 36 shocks shock NNS 31627 2449 37 which which WDT 31627 2449 38 history history NN 31627 2449 39 records record NNS 31627 2449 40 . . . 31627 2450 1 The the DT 31627 2450 2 cases case NNS 31627 2450 3 of of IN 31627 2450 4 the the DT 31627 2450 5 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2450 6 and and CC 31627 2450 7 eruption eruption NN 31627 2450 8 in in IN 31627 2450 9 Japan Japan NNP 31627 2450 10 of of IN 31627 2450 11 November November NNP 31627 2450 12 , , , 31627 2450 13 1891 1891 CD 31627 2450 14 , , , 31627 2450 15 where where WRB 31627 2450 16 in in IN 31627 2450 17 one one CD 31627 2450 18 province province NN 31627 2450 19 alone alone RB 31627 2450 20 two two CD 31627 2450 21 thousand thousand CD 31627 2450 22 people people NNS 31627 2450 23 lost lose VBD 31627 2450 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2450 25 lives life NNS 31627 2450 26 and and CC 31627 2450 27 many many JJ 31627 2450 28 thousand thousand CD 31627 2450 29 houses house NNS 31627 2450 30 were be VBD 31627 2450 31 levelled[1 levelled[1 NN 31627 2450 32 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2450 33 ; ; : 31627 2450 34 that that DT 31627 2450 35 of of IN 31627 2450 36 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2450 37 , , , 31627 2450 38 in in IN 31627 2450 39 1883 1883 CD 31627 2450 40 ; ; : 31627 2450 41 of of IN 31627 2450 42 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 2450 43 , , , 31627 2450 44 in in IN 31627 2450 45 1872 1872 CD 31627 2450 46 ; ; : 31627 2450 47 and and CC 31627 2450 48 many many JJ 31627 2450 49 others other NNS 31627 2450 50 of of IN 31627 2450 51 recent recent JJ 31627 2450 52 date date NN 31627 2450 53 which which WDT 31627 2450 54 might may MD 31627 2450 55 be be VB 31627 2450 56 named name VBN 31627 2450 57 , , , 31627 2450 58 added add VBN 31627 2450 59 to to IN 31627 2450 60 those those DT 31627 2450 61 which which WDT 31627 2450 62 history history NN 31627 2450 63 records;--the records;--the NN 31627 2450 64 recollection recollection NN 31627 2450 65 of of IN 31627 2450 66 such such JJ 31627 2450 67 cases case NNS 31627 2450 68 might may MD 31627 2450 69 lead lead VB 31627 2450 70 us -PRON- PRP 31627 2450 71 to to TO 31627 2450 72 conclude conclude VB 31627 2450 73 that that IN 31627 2450 74 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2450 75 epoch epoch NN 31627 2450 76 is be VBZ 31627 2450 77 one one CD 31627 2450 78 in in IN 31627 2450 79 which which WDT 31627 2450 80 the the DT 31627 2450 81 subterranean subterranean JJ 31627 2450 82 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2450 83 forces force NNS 31627 2450 84 had have VBD 31627 2450 85 broken break VBN 31627 2450 86 out out RP 31627 2450 87 with with IN 31627 2450 88 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 31627 2450 89 energy energy NN 31627 2450 90 over over IN 31627 2450 91 the the DT 31627 2450 92 earth earth NN 31627 2450 93 's 's POS 31627 2450 94 surface surface NN 31627 2450 95 . . . 31627 2451 1 Still still RB 31627 2451 2 , , , 31627 2451 3 when when WRB 31627 2451 4 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2451 5 come come VBP 31627 2451 6 to to TO 31627 2451 7 examine examine VB 31627 2451 8 into into IN 31627 2451 9 the the DT 31627 2451 10 cases case NNS 31627 2451 11 of of IN 31627 2451 12 recorded record VBN 31627 2451 13 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2451 14 -- -- : 31627 2451 15 especially especially RB 31627 2451 16 those those DT 31627 2451 17 of of IN 31627 2451 18 great great JJ 31627 2451 19 violence violence NN 31627 2451 20 -- -- : 31627 2451 21 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2451 22 find find VBP 31627 2451 23 that that IN 31627 2451 24 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2451 25 are be VBP 31627 2451 26 limited limit VBN 31627 2451 27 to to IN 31627 2451 28 very very RB 31627 2451 29 special special JJ 31627 2451 30 districts district NNS 31627 2451 31 ; ; : 31627 2451 32 and and CC 31627 2451 33 even even RB 31627 2451 34 if if IN 31627 2451 35 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2451 36 extend extend VBP 31627 2451 37 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2451 38 retrospect retrospect NN 31627 2451 39 into into IN 31627 2451 40 the the DT 31627 2451 41 later later JJ 31627 2451 42 centuries century NNS 31627 2451 43 of of IN 31627 2451 44 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2451 45 era era NN 31627 2451 46 , , , 31627 2451 47 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2451 48 shall shall MD 31627 2451 49 find find VB 31627 2451 50 that that IN 31627 2451 51 the the DT 31627 2451 52 exceptionally exceptionally RB 31627 2451 53 great great JJ 31627 2451 54 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2451 55 have have VBP 31627 2451 56 been be VBN 31627 2451 57 confined confine VBN 31627 2451 58 to to IN 31627 2451 59 certain certain JJ 31627 2451 60 permanently permanently RB 31627 2451 61 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2451 62 regions region NNS 31627 2451 63 , , , 31627 2451 64 such such JJ 31627 2451 65 as as IN 31627 2451 66 the the DT 31627 2451 67 chain chain NN 31627 2451 68 of of IN 31627 2451 69 the the DT 31627 2451 70 Andes Andes NNP 31627 2451 71 , , , 31627 2451 72 that that DT 31627 2451 73 of of IN 31627 2451 74 the the DT 31627 2451 75 Aleutian Aleutian NNP 31627 2451 76 , , , 31627 2451 77 Kurile Kurile NNP 31627 2451 78 , , , 31627 2451 79 Japanese Japanese NNP 31627 2451 80 , , , 31627 2451 81 and and CC 31627 2451 82 Philippine Philippine NNP 31627 2451 83 and and CC 31627 2451 84 Sunda Sunda NNP 31627 2451 85 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 2451 86 , , , 31627 2451 87 lying lie VBG 31627 2451 88 for for IN 31627 2451 89 the the DT 31627 2451 90 most most JJS 31627 2451 91 part part NN 31627 2451 92 along along IN 31627 2451 93 the the DT 31627 2451 94 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2451 95 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2451 96 girdle girdle NN 31627 2451 97 of of IN 31627 2451 98 the the DT 31627 2451 99 world world NN 31627 2451 100 to to TO 31627 2451 101 which which WDT 31627 2451 102 I -PRON- PRP 31627 2451 103 have have VBP 31627 2451 104 referred refer VBN 31627 2451 105 in in IN 31627 2451 106 a a DT 31627 2451 107 previous previous JJ 31627 2451 108 page page NN 31627 2451 109 . . . 31627 2452 1 Add add VB 31627 2452 2 to to IN 31627 2452 3 these these DT 31627 2452 4 the the DT 31627 2452 5 cases case NNS 31627 2452 6 of of IN 31627 2452 7 Iceland Iceland NNP 31627 2452 8 and and CC 31627 2452 9 the the DT 31627 2452 10 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2452 11 islands island NNS 31627 2452 12 of of IN 31627 2452 13 the the DT 31627 2452 14 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 2452 15 , , , 31627 2452 16 and and CC 31627 2452 17 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2452 18 have have VBP 31627 2452 19 almost almost RB 31627 2452 20 the the DT 31627 2452 21 whole whole NN 31627 2452 22 of of IN 31627 2452 23 the the DT 31627 2452 24 very very RB 31627 2452 25 active active JJ 31627 2452 26 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2452 27 of of IN 31627 2452 28 the the DT 31627 2452 29 world world NN 31627 2452 30 . . . 31627 2453 1 Then then RB 31627 2453 2 for for IN 31627 2453 3 the the DT 31627 2453 4 purposes purpose NNS 31627 2453 5 of of IN 31627 2453 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2453 7 inquiry inquiry NN 31627 2453 8 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2453 9 have have VBP 31627 2453 10 to to TO 31627 2453 11 ascertain ascertain VB 31627 2453 12 how how WRB 31627 2453 13 these these DT 31627 2453 14 active active JJ 31627 2453 15 vents vent NNS 31627 2453 16 of of IN 31627 2453 17 eruption eruption NN 31627 2453 18 compare compare VB 31627 2453 19 , , , 31627 2453 20 as as IN 31627 2453 21 regards regard VBZ 31627 2453 22 the the DT 31627 2453 23 magnitude magnitude NN 31627 2453 24 of of IN 31627 2453 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2453 26 operations operation NNS 31627 2453 27 , , , 31627 2453 28 with with IN 31627 2453 29 those those DT 31627 2453 30 of of IN 31627 2453 31 the the DT 31627 2453 32 pre pre JJ 31627 2453 33 - - JJ 31627 2453 34 historic historic JJ 31627 2453 35 and and CC 31627 2453 36 later later JJ 31627 2453 37 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 2453 38 times time NNS 31627 2453 39 . . . 31627 2454 1 But but CC 31627 2454 2 before before IN 31627 2454 3 entering enter VBG 31627 2454 4 into into IN 31627 2454 5 this this DT 31627 2454 6 question question NN 31627 2454 7 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2454 8 maybe maybe RB 31627 2454 9 observed observe VBD 31627 2454 10 , , , 31627 2454 11 in in IN 31627 2454 12 the the DT 31627 2454 13 first first JJ 31627 2454 14 place place NN 31627 2454 15 , , , 31627 2454 16 that that IN 31627 2454 17 a a DT 31627 2454 18 large large JJ 31627 2454 19 number number NN 31627 2454 20 of of IN 31627 2454 21 the the DT 31627 2454 22 vents vent NNS 31627 2454 23 of of IN 31627 2454 24 eruption eruption NN 31627 2454 25 , , , 31627 2454 26 even even RB 31627 2454 27 along along IN 31627 2454 28 the the DT 31627 2454 29 chain chain NN 31627 2454 30 of of IN 31627 2454 31 the the DT 31627 2454 32 earth earth NN 31627 2454 33 's 's POS 31627 2454 34 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2454 35 girdle girdle NN 31627 2454 36 , , , 31627 2454 37 are be VBP 31627 2454 38 dormant dormant JJ 31627 2454 39 or or CC 31627 2454 40 extinct extinct JJ 31627 2454 41 . . . 31627 2455 1 This this DT 31627 2455 2 observation observation NN 31627 2455 3 applies apply VBZ 31627 2455 4 to to IN 31627 2455 5 many many JJ 31627 2455 6 of of IN 31627 2455 7 the the DT 31627 2455 8 great great JJ 31627 2455 9 cones cone NNS 31627 2455 10 and and CC 31627 2455 11 domes dome NNS 31627 2455 12 of of IN 31627 2455 13 the the DT 31627 2455 14 Andes Andes NNP 31627 2455 15 , , , 31627 2455 16 including include VBG 31627 2455 17 Chimborazo Chimborazo NNP 31627 2455 18 and and CC 31627 2455 19 other other JJ 31627 2455 20 colossal colossal JJ 31627 2455 21 mountains mountain NNS 31627 2455 22 in in IN 31627 2455 23 Ecuador Ecuador NNP 31627 2455 24 , , , 31627 2455 25 Columbia Columbia NNP 31627 2455 26 , , , 31627 2455 27 Chili Chili NNP 31627 2455 28 , , , 31627 2455 29 Peru Peru NNP 31627 2455 30 , , , 31627 2455 31 and and CC 31627 2455 32 Mexico Mexico NNP 31627 2455 33 . . . 31627 2456 1 The the DT 31627 2456 2 region region NN 31627 2456 3 between between IN 31627 2456 4 the the DT 31627 2456 5 eastern eastern JJ 31627 2456 6 Rocky Rocky NNP 31627 2456 7 Mountains Mountains NNP 31627 2456 8 and and CC 31627 2456 9 the the DT 31627 2456 10 western western JJ 31627 2456 11 coast coast NN 31627 2456 12 of of IN 31627 2456 13 North North NNP 31627 2456 14 America America NNP 31627 2456 15 was be VBD 31627 2456 16 , , , 31627 2456 17 as as IN 31627 2456 18 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2456 19 have have VBP 31627 2456 20 seen see VBN 31627 2456 21 , , , 31627 2456 22 one one CD 31627 2456 23 over over IN 31627 2456 24 which which WDT 31627 2456 25 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2456 26 eruptions eruption NNS 31627 2456 27 took take VBD 31627 2456 28 place place NN 31627 2456 29 on on IN 31627 2456 30 a a DT 31627 2456 31 vast vast JJ 31627 2456 32 scale scale NN 31627 2456 33 in in IN 31627 2456 34 later later JJ 31627 2456 35 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 2456 36 times time NNS 31627 2456 37 ; ; : 31627 2456 38 but but CC 31627 2456 39 one one CD 31627 2456 40 in in IN 31627 2456 41 which which WDT 31627 2456 42 only only RB 31627 2456 43 the the DT 31627 2456 44 after after IN 31627 2456 45 - - HYPH 31627 2456 46 effects effect NNS 31627 2456 47 of of IN 31627 2456 48 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2456 49 action action NN 31627 2456 50 are be VBP 31627 2456 51 at at IN 31627 2456 52 present present NN 31627 2456 53 in in IN 31627 2456 54 operation operation NN 31627 2456 55 . . . 31627 2457 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 2457 2 have have VBP 31627 2457 3 also also RB 31627 2457 4 seen see VBN 31627 2457 5 that that IN 31627 2457 6 the the DT 31627 2457 7 chain chain NN 31627 2457 8 of of IN 31627 2457 9 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2457 10 of of IN 31627 2457 11 Japan Japan NNP 31627 2457 12 and and CC 31627 2457 13 of of IN 31627 2457 14 the the DT 31627 2457 15 Kurile Kurile NNP 31627 2457 16 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 2457 17 are be VBP 31627 2457 18 only only RB 31627 2457 19 active active JJ 31627 2457 20 to to IN 31627 2457 21 a a DT 31627 2457 22 slight slight JJ 31627 2457 23 extent extent NN 31627 2457 24 as as IN 31627 2457 25 compared compare VBN 31627 2457 26 with with IN 31627 2457 27 former former JJ 31627 2457 28 times time NNS 31627 2457 29 , , , 31627 2457 30 and and CC 31627 2457 31 the the DT 31627 2457 32 same same JJ 31627 2457 33 observation observation NN 31627 2457 34 applies apply VBZ 31627 2457 35 to to IN 31627 2457 36 those those DT 31627 2457 37 of of IN 31627 2457 38 New New NNP 31627 2457 39 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 2457 40 . . . 31627 2458 1 Out out IN 31627 2458 2 of of IN 31627 2458 3 130 130 CD 31627 2458 4 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2458 5 in in IN 31627 2458 6 the the DT 31627 2458 7 Japanese japanese JJ 31627 2458 8 islands island NNS 31627 2458 9 , , , 31627 2458 10 only only RB 31627 2458 11 48 48 CD 31627 2458 12 are be VBP 31627 2458 13 now now RB 31627 2458 14 believed believe VBN 31627 2458 15 to to TO 31627 2458 16 be be VB 31627 2458 17 active active JJ 31627 2458 18 . . . 31627 2459 1 Again again RB 31627 2459 2 , , , 31627 2459 3 if if IN 31627 2459 4 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2459 5 turn turn VBP 31627 2459 6 to to IN 31627 2459 7 other other JJ 31627 2459 8 districts district NNS 31627 2459 9 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2459 10 have have VBP 31627 2459 11 been be VBN 31627 2459 12 considering consider VBG 31627 2459 13 , , , 31627 2459 14 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2459 15 find find VBP 31627 2459 16 that that IN 31627 2459 17 in in IN 31627 2459 18 the the DT 31627 2459 19 Indian Indian NNP 31627 2459 20 Peninsula Peninsula NNP 31627 2459 21 , , , 31627 2459 22 in in IN 31627 2459 23 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 2459 24 , , , 31627 2459 25 in in IN 31627 2459 26 Syria Syria NNP 31627 2459 27 and and CC 31627 2459 28 the the DT 31627 2459 29 Holy Holy NNP 31627 2459 30 Land Land NNP 31627 2459 31 , , , 31627 2459 32 in in IN 31627 2459 33 Persia Persia NNP 31627 2459 34 , , , 31627 2459 35 in in IN 31627 2459 36 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 31627 2459 37 and and CC 31627 2459 38 Asia Asia NNP 31627 2459 39 Minor Minor NNP 31627 2459 40 -- -- : 31627 2459 41 regions region NNS 31627 2459 42 where where WRB 31627 2459 43 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2459 44 operations operation NNS 31627 2459 45 were be VBD 31627 2459 46 exhibited exhibit VBN 31627 2459 47 on on IN 31627 2459 48 a a DT 31627 2459 49 grand grand JJ 31627 2459 50 scale scale NN 31627 2459 51 throughout throughout IN 31627 2459 52 the the DT 31627 2459 53 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 2459 54 period period NN 31627 2459 55 , , , 31627 2459 56 and and CC 31627 2459 57 in in IN 31627 2459 58 some some DT 31627 2459 59 cases case NNS 31627 2459 60 almost almost RB 31627 2459 61 down down RB 31627 2459 62 into into IN 31627 2459 63 recent recent JJ 31627 2459 64 times time NNS 31627 2459 65 -- -- : 31627 2459 66 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2459 67 are be VBP 31627 2459 68 met meet VBN 31627 2459 69 by by IN 31627 2459 70 similar similar JJ 31627 2459 71 evidences evidence NNS 31627 2459 72 either either RB 31627 2459 73 of of IN 31627 2459 74 decaying decay VBG 31627 2459 75 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2459 76 energy energy NN 31627 2459 77 , , , 31627 2459 78 or or CC 31627 2459 79 of of IN 31627 2459 80 an an DT 31627 2459 81 energy energy NN 31627 2459 82 which which WDT 31627 2459 83 , , , 31627 2459 84 as as RB 31627 2459 85 far far RB 31627 2459 86 as as IN 31627 2459 87 surface surface NN 31627 2459 88 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2459 89 are be VBP 31627 2459 90 concerned concern VBN 31627 2459 91 , , , 31627 2459 92 is be VBZ 31627 2459 93 a a DT 31627 2459 94 thing thing NN 31627 2459 95 of of IN 31627 2459 96 the the DT 31627 2459 97 past past NN 31627 2459 98 . . . 31627 2460 1 Lastly lastly RB 31627 2460 2 , , , 31627 2460 3 turning turn VBG 31627 2460 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2460 5 attention attention NN 31627 2460 6 to to IN 31627 2460 7 the the DT 31627 2460 8 European european JJ 31627 2460 9 area area NN 31627 2460 10 , , , 31627 2460 11 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 31627 2460 12 the the DT 31627 2460 13 still still RB 31627 2460 14 active active JJ 31627 2460 15 condition condition NN 31627 2460 16 of of IN 31627 2460 17 Etna Etna NNP 31627 2460 18 , , , 31627 2460 19 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 2460 20 , , , 31627 2460 21 and and CC 31627 2460 22 a a DT 31627 2460 23 few few JJ 31627 2460 24 adjoining adjoining JJ 31627 2460 25 islands island NNS 31627 2460 26 , , , 31627 2460 27 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2460 28 see see VBP 31627 2460 29 in in IN 31627 2460 30 all all DT 31627 2460 31 directions direction NNS 31627 2460 32 throughout throughout IN 31627 2460 33 Southern Southern NNP 31627 2460 34 Italy Italy NNP 31627 2460 35 evidences evidence NNS 31627 2460 36 of of IN 31627 2460 37 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2460 38 operations operation NNS 31627 2460 39 of of IN 31627 2460 40 a a DT 31627 2460 41 past past NN 31627 2460 42 time,--such time,--such NNP 31627 2460 43 as as IN 31627 2460 44 extinct extinct JJ 31627 2460 45 crater crater NN 31627 2460 46 - - HYPH 31627 2460 47 cones cone NNS 31627 2460 48 , , , 31627 2460 49 lakes lake NNS 31627 2460 50 occupying occupy VBG 31627 2460 51 the the DT 31627 2460 52 craters crater NNS 31627 2460 53 of of IN 31627 2460 54 former former JJ 31627 2460 55 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2460 56 , , , 31627 2460 57 and and CC 31627 2460 58 extensive extensive JJ 31627 2460 59 deposits deposit NNS 31627 2460 60 of of IN 31627 2460 61 tuff tuff NNP 31627 2460 62 or or CC 31627 2460 63 streams stream NNS 31627 2460 64 of of IN 31627 2460 65 lava lava NN 31627 2460 66 -- -- : 31627 2460 67 all all DT 31627 2460 68 concurring concur VBG 31627 2460 69 in in IN 31627 2460 70 giving give VBG 31627 2460 71 evidence evidence NN 31627 2460 72 of of IN 31627 2460 73 a a DT 31627 2460 74 period period NN 31627 2460 75 now now RB 31627 2460 76 past past JJ 31627 2460 77 , , , 31627 2460 78 when when WRB 31627 2460 79 vulcanicity vulcanicity NN 31627 2460 80 was be VBD 31627 2460 81 widespread widespread JJ 31627 2460 82 over over IN 31627 2460 83 regions region NNS 31627 2460 84 where where WRB 31627 2460 85 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2460 86 presence presence NN 31627 2460 87 is be VBZ 31627 2460 88 now now RB 31627 2460 89 never never RB 31627 2460 90 felt feel VBN 31627 2460 91 except except IN 31627 2460 92 when when WRB 31627 2460 93 some some DT 31627 2460 94 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2460 95 shock shock NN 31627 2460 96 , , , 31627 2460 97 like like IN 31627 2460 98 that that DT 31627 2460 99 of of IN 31627 2460 100 the the DT 31627 2460 101 Riviera Riviera NNP 31627 2460 102 , , , 31627 2460 103 brings bring VBZ 31627 2460 104 home home RB 31627 2460 105 to to IN 31627 2460 106 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2460 107 minds mind NNS 31627 2460 108 the the DT 31627 2460 109 fact fact NN 31627 2460 110 that that IN 31627 2460 111 the the DT 31627 2460 112 motive motive JJ 31627 2460 113 force force NN 31627 2460 114 is be VBZ 31627 2460 115 still still RB 31627 2460 116 beneath beneath IN 31627 2460 117 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2460 118 feet foot NNS 31627 2460 119 , , , 31627 2460 120 though though IN 31627 2460 121 under under IN 31627 2460 122 restrained restrained JJ 31627 2460 123 conditions condition NNS 31627 2460 124 as as IN 31627 2460 125 compared compare VBN 31627 2460 126 with with IN 31627 2460 127 a a DT 31627 2460 128 former former JJ 31627 2460 129 period period NN 31627 2460 130 . . . 31627 2461 1 Similar similar JJ 31627 2461 2 conclusions conclusion NNS 31627 2461 3 are be VBP 31627 2461 4 applicable applicable JJ 31627 2461 5 with with IN 31627 2461 6 even even RB 31627 2461 7 greater great JJR 31627 2461 8 force force NN 31627 2461 9 to to IN 31627 2461 10 other other JJ 31627 2461 11 parts part NNS 31627 2461 12 of of IN 31627 2461 13 the the DT 31627 2461 14 European european JJ 31627 2461 15 area area NN 31627 2461 16 . . . 31627 2462 1 The the DT 31627 2462 2 region region NN 31627 2462 3 of of IN 31627 2462 4 the the DT 31627 2462 5 Lower Lower NNP 31627 2462 6 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 2462 7 and and CC 31627 2462 8 Moselle Moselle NNP 31627 2462 9 , , , 31627 2462 10 of of IN 31627 2462 11 Hungary Hungary NNP 31627 2462 12 and and CC 31627 2462 13 the the DT 31627 2462 14 Carpathians Carpathians NNPS 31627 2462 15 , , , 31627 2462 16 of of IN 31627 2462 17 Central Central NNP 31627 2462 18 France France NNP 31627 2462 19 , , , 31627 2462 20 of of IN 31627 2462 21 the the DT 31627 2462 22 North North NNP 31627 2462 23 of of IN 31627 2462 24 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 2462 25 and and CC 31627 2462 26 the the DT 31627 2462 27 Inner Inner NNP 31627 2462 28 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 2462 29 , , , 31627 2462 30 all all DT 31627 2462 31 afford afford VB 31627 2462 32 evidence evidence NN 31627 2462 33 of of IN 31627 2462 34 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2462 35 operations operation NNS 31627 2462 36 at at IN 31627 2462 37 a a DT 31627 2462 38 former former JJ 31627 2462 39 period period NN 31627 2462 40 on on IN 31627 2462 41 an an DT 31627 2462 42 extensive extensive JJ 31627 2462 43 scale scale NN 31627 2462 44 ; ; : 31627 2462 45 and and CC 31627 2462 46 the the DT 31627 2462 47 contrast contrast NN 31627 2462 48 between between IN 31627 2462 49 the the DT 31627 2462 50 present present JJ 31627 2462 51 physically physically RB 31627 2462 52 silent silent JJ 31627 2462 53 and and CC 31627 2462 54 peaceful peaceful JJ 31627 2462 55 condition condition NN 31627 2462 56 of of IN 31627 2462 57 these these DT 31627 2462 58 regions region NNS 31627 2462 59 , , , 31627 2462 60 as as IN 31627 2462 61 regards regard VBZ 31627 2462 62 any any DT 31627 2462 63 outward outward JJ 31627 2462 64 manifestations manifestation NNS 31627 2462 65 of of IN 31627 2462 66 sub sub JJ 31627 2462 67 - - JJ 31627 2462 68 terrestrial terrestrial JJ 31627 2462 69 forces force NNS 31627 2462 70 , , , 31627 2462 71 compared compare VBN 31627 2462 72 with with IN 31627 2462 73 those those DT 31627 2462 74 which which WDT 31627 2462 75 were be VBD 31627 2462 76 formerly formerly RB 31627 2462 77 prevalent prevalent JJ 31627 2462 78 , , , 31627 2462 79 can can MD 31627 2462 80 not not RB 31627 2462 81 fail fail VB 31627 2462 82 to to TO 31627 2462 83 impress impress VB 31627 2462 84 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2462 85 minds mind NNS 31627 2462 86 irresistibly irresistibly RB 31627 2462 87 with with IN 31627 2462 88 the the DT 31627 2462 89 idea idea NN 31627 2462 90 that that IN 31627 2462 91 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2462 92 energy energy NN 31627 2462 93 has have VBZ 31627 2462 94 well well JJ 31627 2462 95 - - HYPH 31627 2462 96 nigh nigh NN 31627 2462 97 exhausted exhaust VBN 31627 2462 98 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 2462 99 over over IN 31627 2462 100 these these DT 31627 2462 101 tracts tract NNS 31627 2462 102 of of IN 31627 2462 103 the the DT 31627 2462 104 earth earth NN 31627 2462 105 's 's POS 31627 2462 106 surface surface NN 31627 2462 107 . . . 31627 2463 1 From from IN 31627 2463 2 this this DT 31627 2463 3 general general JJ 31627 2463 4 survey survey NN 31627 2463 5 of of IN 31627 2463 6 the the DT 31627 2463 7 present present JJ 31627 2463 8 condition condition NN 31627 2463 9 of of IN 31627 2463 10 the the DT 31627 2463 11 earth earth NN 31627 2463 12 's 's POS 31627 2463 13 surface surface NN 31627 2463 14 , , , 31627 2463 15 as as IN 31627 2463 16 regards regard VBZ 31627 2463 17 the the DT 31627 2463 18 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2463 19 operations operation NNS 31627 2463 20 going go VBG 31627 2463 21 on on RP 31627 2463 22 over over IN 31627 2463 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2463 24 , , , 31627 2463 25 and and CC 31627 2463 26 a a DT 31627 2463 27 comparison comparison NN 31627 2463 28 with with IN 31627 2463 29 those those DT 31627 2463 30 of of IN 31627 2463 31 a a DT 31627 2463 32 preceding precede VBG 31627 2463 33 period period NN 31627 2463 34 , , , 31627 2463 35 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2463 36 are be VBP 31627 2463 37 driven drive VBN 31627 2463 38 to to IN 31627 2463 39 the the DT 31627 2463 40 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 2463 41 that that IN 31627 2463 42 , , , 31627 2463 43 however however RB 31627 2463 44 violent violent JJ 31627 2463 45 and and CC 31627 2463 46 often often RB 31627 2463 47 disastrous disastrous JJ 31627 2463 48 are be VBP 31627 2463 49 the the DT 31627 2463 50 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2463 51 and and CC 31627 2463 52 seismic seismic JJ 31627 2463 53 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2463 54 of of IN 31627 2463 55 the the DT 31627 2463 56 present present JJ 31627 2463 57 day day NN 31627 2463 58 , , , 31627 2463 59 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2463 60 are be VBP 31627 2463 61 restricted restrict VBN 31627 2463 62 to to IN 31627 2463 63 comparatively comparatively RB 31627 2463 64 narrow narrow JJ 31627 2463 65 limits limit NNS 31627 2463 66 ; ; , 31627 2463 67 and and CC 31627 2463 68 that that IN 31627 2463 69 even even RB 31627 2463 70 within within IN 31627 2463 71 these these DT 31627 2463 72 limits limit NNS 31627 2463 73 the the DT 31627 2463 74 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2463 75 forces force NNS 31627 2463 76 are be VBP 31627 2463 77 less less RBR 31627 2463 78 powerful powerful JJ 31627 2463 79 than than IN 31627 2463 80 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2463 81 were be VBD 31627 2463 82 in in IN 31627 2463 83 pre pre JJ 31627 2463 84 - - JJ 31627 2463 85 historic historic JJ 31627 2463 86 times time NNS 31627 2463 87 . . . 31627 2464 1 The the DT 31627 2464 2 middle middle JJ 31627 2464 3 part part NN 31627 2464 4 of of IN 31627 2464 5 the the DT 31627 2464 6 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 2464 7 period period NN 31627 2464 8 appears appear VBZ 31627 2464 9 , , , 31627 2464 10 in in IN 31627 2464 11 fact fact NN 31627 2464 12 , , , 31627 2464 13 to to TO 31627 2464 14 have have VB 31627 2464 15 been be VBN 31627 2464 16 one one CD 31627 2464 17 of of IN 31627 2464 18 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 31627 2464 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2464 20 activity activity NN 31627 2464 21 , , , 31627 2464 22 whether whether IN 31627 2464 23 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2464 24 regard regard VBP 31627 2464 25 the the DT 31627 2464 26 wide wide JJ 31627 2464 27 area area NN 31627 2464 28 over over IN 31627 2464 29 which which WDT 31627 2464 30 this this DT 31627 2464 31 activity activity NN 31627 2464 32 manifested manifest VBD 31627 2464 33 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 2464 34 , , , 31627 2464 35 or or CC 31627 2464 36 the the DT 31627 2464 37 results result NNS 31627 2464 38 as as IN 31627 2464 39 shown show VBN 31627 2464 40 by by IN 31627 2464 41 the the DT 31627 2464 42 great great JJ 31627 2464 43 amount amount NN 31627 2464 44 of of IN 31627 2464 45 the the DT 31627 2464 46 erupted erupt VBN 31627 2464 47 materials material NNS 31627 2464 48 . . . 31627 2465 1 Many many JJ 31627 2465 2 of of IN 31627 2465 3 the the DT 31627 2465 4 still still RB 31627 2465 5 active active JJ 31627 2465 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2465 7 chains chain NNS 31627 2465 8 , , , 31627 2465 9 or or CC 31627 2465 10 groups group NNS 31627 2465 11 , , , 31627 2465 12 probably probably RB 31627 2465 13 had have VBD 31627 2465 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2465 15 first first JJ 31627 2465 16 beginnings beginning NNS 31627 2465 17 at at IN 31627 2465 18 the the DT 31627 2465 19 period period NN 31627 2465 20 referred refer VBD 31627 2465 21 to to IN 31627 2465 22 ; ; : 31627 2465 23 but but CC 31627 2465 24 in in IN 31627 2465 25 the the DT 31627 2465 26 majority majority NN 31627 2465 27 of of IN 31627 2465 28 cases case NNS 31627 2465 29 the the DT 31627 2465 30 eruptive eruptive JJ 31627 2465 31 forces force NNS 31627 2465 32 have have VBP 31627 2465 33 become become VBN 31627 2465 34 dormant dormant JJ 31627 2465 35 or or CC 31627 2465 36 extinct extinct JJ 31627 2465 37 . . . 31627 2466 1 With with IN 31627 2466 2 the the DT 31627 2466 3 exception exception NN 31627 2466 4 of of IN 31627 2466 5 the the DT 31627 2466 6 lavas lavas NN 31627 2466 7 of of IN 31627 2466 8 the the DT 31627 2466 9 Indian Indian NNP 31627 2466 10 - - HYPH 31627 2466 11 Peninsular Peninsular NNP 31627 2466 12 area area NN 31627 2466 13 , , , 31627 2466 14 which which WDT 31627 2466 15 appear appear VBP 31627 2466 16 , , , 31627 2466 17 at at IN 31627 2466 18 least least JJS 31627 2466 19 partially partially RB 31627 2466 20 , , , 31627 2466 21 to to TO 31627 2466 22 belong belong VB 31627 2466 23 to to IN 31627 2466 24 the the DT 31627 2466 25 close close NN 31627 2466 26 of of IN 31627 2466 27 the the DT 31627 2466 28 Cretaceous cretaceous JJ 31627 2466 29 epoch epoch NN 31627 2466 30 , , , 31627 2466 31 the the DT 31627 2466 32 specially specially RB 31627 2466 33 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2466 34 period period NN 31627 2466 35 may may MD 31627 2466 36 be be VB 31627 2466 37 considered consider VBN 31627 2466 38 to to TO 31627 2466 39 extend extend VB 31627 2466 40 from from IN 31627 2466 41 the the DT 31627 2466 42 beginning beginning NN 31627 2466 43 of of IN 31627 2466 44 the the DT 31627 2466 45 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 2466 46 down down RP 31627 2466 47 to to IN 31627 2466 48 the the DT 31627 2466 49 close close NN 31627 2466 50 of of IN 31627 2466 51 the the DT 31627 2466 52 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 2466 53 stage stage NN 31627 2466 54 . . . 31627 2467 1 During during IN 31627 2467 2 the the DT 31627 2467 3 Eocene Eocene NNP 31627 2467 4 stage stage NN 31627 2467 5 , , , 31627 2467 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2467 7 energy energy NN 31627 2467 8 appears appear VBZ 31627 2467 9 to to TO 31627 2467 10 have have VB 31627 2467 11 been be VBN 31627 2467 12 to to IN 31627 2467 13 a a DT 31627 2467 14 great great JJ 31627 2467 15 degree degree NN 31627 2467 16 dormant dormant JJ 31627 2467 17 ; ; : 31627 2467 18 but but CC 31627 2467 19 plutonic plutonic JJ 31627 2467 20 energy energy NN 31627 2467 21 was be VBD 31627 2467 22 gathering gather VBG 31627 2467 23 strength strength NN 31627 2467 24 for for IN 31627 2467 25 the the DT 31627 2467 26 great great JJ 31627 2467 27 effort effort NN 31627 2467 28 of of IN 31627 2467 29 the the DT 31627 2467 30 Miocene Miocene NNP 31627 2467 31 epoch epoch NN 31627 2467 32 , , , 31627 2467 33 when when WRB 31627 2467 34 the the DT 31627 2467 35 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2467 36 forces force NNS 31627 2467 37 broke break VBD 31627 2467 38 out out RP 31627 2467 39 with with IN 31627 2467 40 extraordinary extraordinary JJ 31627 2467 41 violence violence NN 31627 2467 42 over over IN 31627 2467 43 Europe Europe NNP 31627 2467 44 , , , 31627 2467 45 the the DT 31627 2467 46 British British NNP 31627 2467 47 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 2467 48 , , , 31627 2467 49 and and CC 31627 2467 50 other other JJ 31627 2467 51 regions region NNS 31627 2467 52 , , , 31627 2467 53 and and CC 31627 2467 54 continued continue VBD 31627 2467 55 to to TO 31627 2467 56 develop develop VB 31627 2467 57 throughout throughout IN 31627 2467 58 the the DT 31627 2467 59 succeeding succeed VBG 31627 2467 60 Pliocene pliocene JJ 31627 2467 61 epoch epoch NN 31627 2467 62 , , , 31627 2467 63 until until IN 31627 2467 64 the the DT 31627 2467 65 whole whole JJ 31627 2467 66 globe globe NN 31627 2467 67 was be VBD 31627 2467 68 surrounded surround VBN 31627 2467 69 by by IN 31627 2467 70 a a DT 31627 2467 71 girdle girdle NN 31627 2467 72 of of IN 31627 2467 73 fire fire NN 31627 2467 74 . . . 31627 2468 1 * * NFP 31627 2468 2 * * NFP 31627 2468 3 * * NFP 31627 2468 4 * * NFP 31627 2468 5 * * NFP 31627 2468 6 The the DT 31627 2468 7 reply reply NN 31627 2468 8 , , , 31627 2468 9 therefore therefore RB 31627 2468 10 , , , 31627 2468 11 to to IN 31627 2468 12 the the DT 31627 2468 13 question question NN 31627 2468 14 with with IN 31627 2468 15 which which WDT 31627 2468 16 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2468 17 set set VBP 31627 2468 18 out out RP 31627 2468 19 is be VBZ 31627 2468 20 very very RB 31627 2468 21 plain plain JJ 31627 2468 22 ; ; : 31627 2468 23 and and CC 31627 2468 24 is be VBZ 31627 2468 25 to to IN 31627 2468 26 the the DT 31627 2468 27 effect effect NN 31627 2468 28 that that IN 31627 2468 29 the the DT 31627 2468 30 present present JJ 31627 2468 31 epoch epoch NNP 31627 2468 32 is be VBZ 31627 2468 33 one one CD 31627 2468 34 of of IN 31627 2468 35 comparatively comparatively RB 31627 2468 36 low low JJ 31627 2468 37 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2468 38 activity activity NN 31627 2468 39 . . . 31627 2469 1 The the DT 31627 2469 2 further further JJ 31627 2469 3 question question NN 31627 2469 4 suggests suggest VBZ 31627 2469 5 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 2469 6 , , , 31627 2469 7 whether whether IN 31627 2469 8 the the DT 31627 2469 9 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2469 10 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2469 11 of of IN 31627 2469 12 the the DT 31627 2469 13 middle middle JJ 31627 2469 14 Tertiary Tertiary NNP 31627 2469 15 period period NN 31627 2469 16 bear bear VBP 31627 2469 17 any any DT 31627 2469 18 comparison comparison NN 31627 2469 19 with with IN 31627 2469 20 those those DT 31627 2469 21 of of IN 31627 2469 22 past past JJ 31627 2469 23 geological geological JJ 31627 2469 24 times time NNS 31627 2469 25 . . . 31627 2470 1 This this DT 31627 2470 2 , , , 31627 2470 3 though though IN 31627 2470 4 a a DT 31627 2470 5 question question NN 31627 2470 6 of of IN 31627 2470 7 great great JJ 31627 2470 8 interest interest NN 31627 2470 9 , , , 31627 2470 10 is be VBZ 31627 2470 11 one one CD 31627 2470 12 which which WDT 31627 2470 13 is be VBZ 31627 2470 14 far far RB 31627 2470 15 too too RB 31627 2470 16 large large JJ 31627 2470 17 to to TO 31627 2470 18 be be VB 31627 2470 19 discussed discuss VBN 31627 2470 20 here here RB 31627 2470 21 ; ; : 31627 2470 22 and and CC 31627 2470 23 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2470 24 is be VBZ 31627 2470 25 doubtful doubtful JJ 31627 2470 26 if if IN 31627 2470 27 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2470 28 have have VBP 31627 2470 29 materials material NNS 31627 2470 30 available available JJ 31627 2470 31 upon upon IN 31627 2470 32 which which WDT 31627 2470 33 to to TO 31627 2470 34 base base VB 31627 2470 35 a a DT 31627 2470 36 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 2470 37 . . . 31627 2471 1 But but CC 31627 2471 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2471 3 may may MD 31627 2471 4 be be VB 31627 2471 5 stated state VBN 31627 2471 6 with with IN 31627 2471 7 some some DT 31627 2471 8 confidence confidence NN 31627 2471 9 , , , 31627 2471 10 in in IN 31627 2471 11 general general JJ 31627 2471 12 terms term NNS 31627 2471 13 , , , 31627 2471 14 that that IN 31627 2471 15 the the DT 31627 2471 16 history history NN 31627 2471 17 of of IN 31627 2471 18 the the DT 31627 2471 19 earth earth NN 31627 2471 20 appears appear VBZ 31627 2471 21 to to TO 31627 2471 22 show show VB 31627 2471 23 that that IN 31627 2471 24 , , , 31627 2471 25 throughout throughout IN 31627 2471 26 all all DT 31627 2471 27 geological geological JJ 31627 2471 28 time time NN 31627 2471 29 , , , 31627 2471 30 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2471 31 world world NN 31627 2471 32 has have VBZ 31627 2471 33 been be VBN 31627 2471 34 the the DT 31627 2471 35 theatre theatre NN 31627 2471 36 of of IN 31627 2471 37 intermittent intermittent JJ 31627 2471 38 geological geological JJ 31627 2471 39 activity activity NN 31627 2471 40 , , , 31627 2471 41 periods period NNS 31627 2471 42 of of IN 31627 2471 43 rest rest NN 31627 2471 44 succeeding succeed VBG 31627 2471 45 those those DT 31627 2471 46 of of IN 31627 2471 47 action action NN 31627 2471 48 ; ; : 31627 2471 49 and and CC 31627 2471 50 if if IN 31627 2471 51 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2471 52 are be VBP 31627 2471 53 to to TO 31627 2471 54 draw draw VB 31627 2471 55 a a DT 31627 2471 56 conclusion conclusion NN 31627 2471 57 regarding regard VBG 31627 2471 58 the the DT 31627 2471 59 present present JJ 31627 2471 60 and and CC 31627 2471 61 future future NN 31627 2471 62 , , , 31627 2471 63 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2471 64 would would MD 31627 2471 65 be be VB 31627 2471 66 that that IN 31627 2471 67 , , , 31627 2471 68 owing owe VBG 31627 2471 69 to to IN 31627 2471 70 the the DT 31627 2471 71 lower low JJR 31627 2471 72 rate rate NN 31627 2471 73 of of IN 31627 2471 74 secular secular JJ 31627 2471 75 cooling cooling NN 31627 2471 76 of of IN 31627 2471 77 the the DT 31627 2471 78 crust crust NN 31627 2471 79 , , , 31627 2471 80 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2471 81 action action NN 31627 2471 82 ought ought MD 31627 2471 83 to to TO 31627 2471 84 become become VB 31627 2471 85 less less RBR 31627 2471 86 powerful powerful JJ 31627 2471 87 as as IN 31627 2471 88 the the DT 31627 2471 89 world world NN 31627 2471 90 grows grow VBZ 31627 2471 91 older old JJR 31627 2471 92 . . . 31627 2472 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2472 2 1 1 LS 31627 2472 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2472 4 Admirably Admirably NNP 31627 2472 5 illustrated illustrate VBN 31627 2472 6 in in IN 31627 2472 7 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2472 8 J. J. NNP 31627 2472 9 Milne Milne NNP 31627 2472 10 's 's POS 31627 2472 11 recently recently RB 31627 2472 12 published publish VBN 31627 2472 13 work work NN 31627 2472 14 , , , 31627 2472 15 _ _ NNP 31627 2472 16 The the DT 31627 2472 17 Great Great NNP 31627 2472 18 Earthquake Earthquake NNP 31627 2472 19 of of IN 31627 2472 20 Japan Japan NNP 31627 2472 21 , , , 31627 2472 22 1891 1891 CD 31627 2472 23 _ _ NNP 31627 2472 24 . . . 31627 2473 1 APPENDIX APPENDIX NNP 31627 2473 2 . . . 31627 2474 1 A a DT 31627 2474 2 BRIEF BRIEF NNP 31627 2474 3 ACCOUNT account NN 31627 2474 4 OF of IN 31627 2474 5 THE the DT 31627 2474 6 PRINCIPAL principal JJ 31627 2474 7 VARIETIES variety NNS 31627 2474 8 OF of IN 31627 2474 9 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 2474 10 ROCKS rock NNS 31627 2474 11 . . . 31627 2475 1 The the DT 31627 2475 2 text text NN 31627 2475 3 - - HYPH 31627 2475 4 books book NNS 31627 2475 5 on on IN 31627 2475 6 this this DT 31627 2475 7 subject subject NN 31627 2475 8 are be VBP 31627 2475 9 so so RB 31627 2475 10 numerous numerous JJ 31627 2475 11 and and CC 31627 2475 12 accessible accessible JJ 31627 2475 13 , , , 31627 2475 14 that that IN 31627 2475 15 a a DT 31627 2475 16 very very RB 31627 2475 17 brief brief JJ 31627 2475 18 account account NN 31627 2475 19 of of IN 31627 2475 20 the the DT 31627 2475 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2475 22 rocks rock NNS 31627 2475 23 is be VBZ 31627 2475 24 all all DT 31627 2475 25 that that WDT 31627 2475 26 need need NN 31627 2475 27 be be VB 31627 2475 28 given give VBN 31627 2475 29 here here RB 31627 2475 30 for for IN 31627 2475 31 the the DT 31627 2475 32 purposes purpose NNS 31627 2475 33 of of IN 31627 2475 34 reference reference NN 31627 2475 35 by by IN 31627 2475 36 readers reader NNS 31627 2475 37 not not RB 31627 2475 38 familiar familiar JJ 31627 2475 39 with with IN 31627 2475 40 petrological petrological JJ 31627 2475 41 details detail NNS 31627 2475 42 . . . 31627 2476 1 Let let VB 31627 2476 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2476 3 be be VB 31627 2476 4 observed observe VBN 31627 2476 5 , , , 31627 2476 6 in in IN 31627 2476 7 the the DT 31627 2476 8 first first JJ 31627 2476 9 place place NN 31627 2476 10 , , , 31627 2476 11 that that IN 31627 2476 12 there there EX 31627 2476 13 is be VBZ 31627 2476 14 no no DT 31627 2476 15 hard hard JJ 31627 2476 16 and and CC 31627 2476 17 fast fast JJ 31627 2476 18 line line NN 31627 2476 19 between between IN 31627 2476 20 the the DT 31627 2476 21 varieties variety NNS 31627 2476 22 of of IN 31627 2476 23 igneous igneous JJ 31627 2476 24 and and CC 31627 2476 25 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2476 26 rocks rock NNS 31627 2476 27 . . . 31627 2477 1 In in IN 31627 2477 2 this this DT 31627 2477 3 as as IN 31627 2477 4 in in IN 31627 2477 5 other other JJ 31627 2477 6 parts part NNS 31627 2477 7 of of IN 31627 2477 8 creation--_natura creation--_natura NNP 31627 2477 9 nil nil NNP 31627 2477 10 facit facit NNP 31627 2477 11 per per IN 31627 2477 12 saltum saltum NN 31627 2477 13 _ _ NNP 31627 2477 14 ; ; : 31627 2477 15 there there EX 31627 2477 16 are be VBP 31627 2477 17 gradations gradation NNS 31627 2477 18 from from IN 31627 2477 19 one one CD 31627 2477 20 variety variety NN 31627 2477 21 to to IN 31627 2477 22 the the DT 31627 2477 23 other other JJ 31627 2477 24 . . . 31627 2478 1 At at IN 31627 2478 2 the the DT 31627 2478 3 same same JJ 31627 2478 4 time time NN 31627 2478 5 a a DT 31627 2478 6 systematic systematic JJ 31627 2478 7 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 2478 8 is be VBZ 31627 2478 9 not not RB 31627 2478 10 only only RB 31627 2478 11 desirable desirable JJ 31627 2478 12 , , , 31627 2478 13 but but CC 31627 2478 14 necessary necessary JJ 31627 2478 15 ; ; : 31627 2478 16 and and CC 31627 2478 17 the the DT 31627 2478 18 most most RBS 31627 2478 19 important important JJ 31627 2478 20 basis basis NN 31627 2478 21 of of IN 31627 2478 22 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 2478 23 is be VBZ 31627 2478 24 that that WDT 31627 2478 25 founded found VBN 31627 2478 26 on on IN 31627 2478 27 the the DT 31627 2478 28 proportion proportion NN 31627 2478 29 of of IN 31627 2478 30 _ _ NNP 31627 2478 31 silica silica NN 31627 2478 32 _ _ NNP 31627 2478 33 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2478 34 or or CC 31627 2478 35 quartz quartz NNP 31627 2478 36 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2478 37 in in IN 31627 2478 38 the the DT 31627 2478 39 various various JJ 31627 2478 40 rocks rock NNS 31627 2478 41 , , , 31627 2478 42 as as IN 31627 2478 43 first first RB 31627 2478 44 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 31627 2478 45 by by IN 31627 2478 46 Durocher Durocher NNP 31627 2478 47 and and CC 31627 2478 48 Bunsen Bunsen NNP 31627 2478 49 , , , 31627 2478 50 who who WP 31627 2478 51 showed show VBD 31627 2478 52 that that IN 31627 2478 53 silica silica NN 31627 2478 54 plays play VBZ 31627 2478 55 the the DT 31627 2478 56 same same JJ 31627 2478 57 part part NN 31627 2478 58 in in IN 31627 2478 59 the the DT 31627 2478 60 inorganic inorganic JJ 31627 2478 61 kingdom kingdom NN 31627 2478 62 that that DT 31627 2478 63 carbon carbon NN 31627 2478 64 does do VBZ 31627 2478 65 in in IN 31627 2478 66 the the DT 31627 2478 67 organic organic JJ 31627 2478 68 . . . 31627 2479 1 Upon upon IN 31627 2479 2 this this DT 31627 2479 3 hypothesis hypothesis NN 31627 2479 4 , , , 31627 2479 5 which which WDT 31627 2479 6 is be VBZ 31627 2479 7 a a DT 31627 2479 8 very very RB 31627 2479 9 useful useful JJ 31627 2479 10 one one NN 31627 2479 11 to to TO 31627 2479 12 work work VB 31627 2479 13 with with IN 31627 2479 14 , , , 31627 2479 15 these these DT 31627 2479 16 authors author NNS 31627 2479 17 separated separate VBD 31627 2479 18 all all DT 31627 2479 19 igneous igneous JJ 31627 2479 20 and and CC 31627 2479 21 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2479 22 rocks rock NNS 31627 2479 23 into into IN 31627 2479 24 two two CD 31627 2479 25 classes class NNS 31627 2479 26 , , , 31627 2479 27 viz viz NNP 31627 2479 28 . . NNP 31627 2479 29 , , , 31627 2479 30 the the DT 31627 2479 31 Basic Basic NNP 31627 2479 32 and and CC 31627 2479 33 the the DT 31627 2479 34 Acid Acid NNP 31627 2479 35 ; ; : 31627 2479 36 the the DT 31627 2479 37 former former JJ 31627 2479 38 containing contain VBG 31627 2479 39 from from IN 31627 2479 40 45 45 CD 31627 2479 41 - - SYM 31627 2479 42 58 58 CD 31627 2479 43 per per NN 31627 2479 44 cent cent NN 31627 2479 45 . . . 31627 2479 46 , , , 31627 2479 47 the the DT 31627 2479 48 latter latter JJ 31627 2479 49 62 62 CD 31627 2479 50 - - SYM 31627 2479 51 78 78 CD 31627 2479 52 per per NN 31627 2479 53 cent cent NN 31627 2479 54 . . . 31627 2480 1 of of IN 31627 2480 2 that that DT 31627 2480 3 mineral mineral NN 31627 2480 4 . . . 31627 2481 1 But but CC 31627 2481 2 there there EX 31627 2481 3 are be VBP 31627 2481 4 a a DT 31627 2481 5 few few JJ 31627 2481 6 intermediate intermediate JJ 31627 2481 7 varieties variety NNS 31627 2481 8 which which WDT 31627 2481 9 serve serve VBP 31627 2481 10 to to TO 31627 2481 11 bridge bridge VB 31627 2481 12 over over IN 31627 2481 13 the the DT 31627 2481 14 space space NN 31627 2481 15 between between IN 31627 2481 16 the the DT 31627 2481 17 Basic Basic NNP 31627 2481 18 and and CC 31627 2481 19 Acid Acid NNP 31627 2481 20 Groups Groups NNPS 31627 2481 21 . . . 31627 2482 1 The the DT 31627 2482 2 following follow VBG 31627 2482 3 is be VBZ 31627 2482 4 a a DT 31627 2482 5 generalised generalise VBN 31627 2482 6 arrangement arrangement NN 31627 2482 7 of of IN 31627 2482 8 the the DT 31627 2482 9 most most RBS 31627 2482 10 important important JJ 31627 2482 11 rocks rock NNS 31627 2482 12 under under IN 31627 2482 13 the the DT 31627 2482 14 above above JJ 31627 2482 15 heads:-- heads:-- -LRB- 31627 2482 16 _ _ NNP 31627 2482 17 Tabular Tabular NNP 31627 2482 18 View View NNP 31627 2482 19 of of IN 31627 2482 20 Chief Chief NNP 31627 2482 21 Igneous igneous JJ 31627 2482 22 and and CC 31627 2482 23 Volcanic Volcanic NNP 31627 2482 24 Rocks Rocks NNPS 31627 2482 25 . . . 31627 2482 26 _ _ NNP 31627 2482 27 BASIC BASIC NNP 31627 2482 28 GROUP GROUP NNP 31627 2482 29 . . . 31627 2483 1 1 1 LS 31627 2483 2 . . . 31627 2484 1 Basalt Basalt NNP 31627 2484 2 and and CC 31627 2484 3 Dolerite Dolerite NNP 31627 2484 4 . . . 31627 2485 1 2 2 LS 31627 2485 2 . . . 31627 2486 1 Gabbro Gabbro NNP 31627 2486 2 . . . 31627 2487 1 3 3 LS 31627 2487 2 . . . 31627 2488 1 Diorite Diorite NNP 31627 2488 2 . . . 31627 2489 1 4 4 LS 31627 2489 2 . . . 31627 2490 1 Diabase Diabase NNP 31627 2490 2 and and CC 31627 2490 3 Melaphyre Melaphyre NNP 31627 2490 4 . . . 31627 2491 1 5 5 CD 31627 2491 2 . . . 31627 2492 1 Porphyrite porphyrite NN 31627 2492 2 . . . 31627 2493 1 INTERMEDIATE INTERMEDIATE NNP 31627 2493 2 GROUP GROUP NNP 31627 2493 3 . . . 31627 2494 1 6 6 CD 31627 2494 2 . . . 31627 2495 1 Syenite syenite RB 31627 2495 2 . . . 31627 2496 1 7 7 LS 31627 2496 2 . . . 31627 2497 1 Mica Mica NNP 31627 2497 2 - - HYPH 31627 2497 3 trap trap NN 31627 2497 4 , , , 31627 2497 5 or or CC 31627 2497 6 Lampophyre Lampophyre NNP 31627 2497 7 . . . 31627 2498 1 8 8 LS 31627 2498 2 . . . 31627 2499 1 Andesite andesite RB 31627 2499 2 . . . 31627 2500 1 ACID ACID NNP 31627 2500 2 GROUP GROUP NNP 31627 2500 3 . . . 31627 2501 1 9 9 CD 31627 2501 2 . . . 31627 2502 1 Trachyte Trachyte NNP 31627 2502 2 , , , 31627 2502 3 Domite Domite NNP 31627 2502 4 , , , 31627 2502 5 and and CC 31627 2502 6 Phonolite Phonolite NNP 31627 2502 7 . . . 31627 2503 1 10 10 CD 31627 2503 2 . . . 31627 2504 1 Rhyolite Rhyolite NNP 31627 2504 2 and and CC 31627 2504 3 Obsidian obsidian JJ 31627 2504 4 . . . 31627 2505 1 11 11 CD 31627 2505 2 . . . 31627 2506 1 Granophyre Granophyre NNP 31627 2506 2 . . . 31627 2507 1 12 12 CD 31627 2507 2 . . . 31627 2508 1 Granite Granite NNP 31627 2508 2 . . . 31627 2509 1 In in IN 31627 2509 2 the the DT 31627 2509 3 above above JJ 31627 2509 4 grouping grouping NN 31627 2509 5 , , , 31627 2509 6 and and CC 31627 2509 7 in in IN 31627 2509 8 the the DT 31627 2509 9 following follow VBG 31627 2509 10 definitions definition NNS 31627 2509 11 , , , 31627 2509 12 I -PRON- PRP 31627 2509 13 have have VBP 31627 2509 14 not not RB 31627 2509 15 been be VBN 31627 2509 16 able able JJ 31627 2509 17 to to TO 31627 2509 18 follow follow VB 31627 2509 19 any any DT 31627 2509 20 special special JJ 31627 2509 21 authority authority NN 31627 2509 22 . . . 31627 2510 1 But but CC 31627 2510 2 the the DT 31627 2510 3 most most RBS 31627 2510 4 serviceable serviceable JJ 31627 2510 5 text text NN 31627 2510 6 - - HYPH 31627 2510 7 books book NNS 31627 2510 8 are be VBP 31627 2510 9 those those DT 31627 2510 10 of of IN 31627 2510 11 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 2510 12 Frank Frank NNP 31627 2510 13 Rutley Rutley NNP 31627 2510 14 , , , 31627 2510 15 _ _ NNP 31627 2510 16 Study Study NNP 31627 2510 17 of of IN 31627 2510 18 Rocks Rocks NNPS 31627 2510 19 _ _ NNP 31627 2510 20 , , , 31627 2510 21 and and CC 31627 2510 22 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 2510 23 Hatch Hatch NNP 31627 2510 24 , , , 31627 2510 25 _ _ NNP 31627 2510 26 Petrology Petrology NNP 31627 2510 27 _ _ NNP 31627 2510 28 ; ; : 31627 2510 29 also also RB 31627 2510 30 H. H. NNP 31627 2510 31 Rosenbusch Rosenbusch NNP 31627 2510 32 , , , 31627 2510 33 _ _ NNP 31627 2510 34 Mikroskopische Mikroskopische NNP 31627 2510 35 Physiographie Physiographie NNP 31627 2510 36 der der VBP 31627 2510 37 Mineralien Mineralien NNP 31627 2510 38 _ _ NNP 31627 2510 39 , , , 31627 2510 40 and and CC 31627 2510 41 F. F. NNP 31627 2510 42 Zirkel Zirkel NNP 31627 2510 43 's 's POS 31627 2510 44 _ _ NNP 31627 2510 45 Untersuchungen Untersuchungen NNP 31627 2510 46 über über NN 31627 2510 47 mikroskopische mikroskopische NNP 31627 2510 48 Structur Structur NNP 31627 2510 49 der der NN 31627 2510 50 Basaltgesteine Basaltgesteine NNP 31627 2510 51 _ _ NNP 31627 2510 52 . . . 31627 2511 1 We -PRON- PRP 31627 2511 2 shall shall MD 31627 2511 3 consider consider VB 31627 2511 4 these these DT 31627 2511 5 in in IN 31627 2511 6 the the DT 31627 2511 7 order order NN 31627 2511 8 above above IN 31627 2511 9 indicated:-- indicated:-- NNP 31627 2511 10 1 1 CD 31627 2511 11 . . . 31627 2512 1 BASALT.--The basalt.--the UH 31627 2512 2 most most RBS 31627 2512 3 extensively extensively RB 31627 2512 4 distributed distribute VBN 31627 2512 5 of of IN 31627 2512 6 all all DT 31627 2512 7 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2512 8 rocks rock NNS 31627 2512 9 . . . 31627 2513 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2513 2 is be VBZ 31627 2513 3 a a DT 31627 2513 4 dense dense JJ 31627 2513 5 , , , 31627 2513 6 dark dark JJ 31627 2513 7 rock rock NN 31627 2513 8 of of IN 31627 2513 9 high high JJ 31627 2513 10 specific specific JJ 31627 2513 11 gravity gravity NN 31627 2513 12 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2513 13 2.4 2.4 CD 31627 2513 14 - - SYM 31627 2513 15 2.8 2.8 CD 31627 2513 16 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2513 17 , , , 31627 2513 18 consisting consist VBG 31627 2513 19 of of IN 31627 2513 20 plagioclase plagioclase NN 31627 2513 21 felspar felspar NNS 31627 2513 22 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2513 23 Labradorite Labradorite NNP 31627 2513 24 or or CC 31627 2513 25 anorthite anorthite NN 31627 2513 26 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2513 27 , , , 31627 2513 28 augite augite NNP 31627 2513 29 , , , 31627 2513 30 and and CC 31627 2513 31 titano titano NN 31627 2513 32 - - HYPH 31627 2513 33 ferrite ferrite NN 31627 2513 34 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2513 35 titaniferous titaniferous JJ 31627 2513 36 magnetite magnetite NNP 31627 2513 37 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2513 38 . . . 31627 2514 1 Olivine olivine NN 31627 2514 2 is be VBZ 31627 2514 3 often often RB 31627 2514 4 present present JJ 31627 2514 5 ; ; : 31627 2514 6 and and CC 31627 2514 7 when when WRB 31627 2514 8 abundant abundant JJ 31627 2514 9 the the DT 31627 2514 10 rock rock NN 31627 2514 11 is be VBZ 31627 2514 12 called call VBN 31627 2514 13 " " `` 31627 2514 14 olivine olivine JJ 31627 2514 15 - - HYPH 31627 2514 16 basalt basalt NN 31627 2514 17 . . . 31627 2514 18 " " '' 31627 2515 1 In in IN 31627 2515 2 the the DT 31627 2515 3 older old JJR 31627 2515 4 rocks rock NNS 31627 2515 5 , , , 31627 2515 6 basalt basalt NN 31627 2515 7 has have VBZ 31627 2515 8 often often RB 31627 2515 9 undergone undergo VBN 31627 2515 10 decomposition decomposition NN 31627 2515 11 into into IN 31627 2515 12 melaphyre melaphyre NNP 31627 2515 13 ; ; : 31627 2515 14 and and CC 31627 2515 15 amongst amongst IN 31627 2515 16 the the DT 31627 2515 17 metamorphic metamorphic JJ 31627 2515 18 rocks rock NNS 31627 2515 19 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2515 20 has have VBZ 31627 2515 21 been be VBN 31627 2515 22 changed change VBN 31627 2515 23 into into IN 31627 2515 24 diorite diorite NN 31627 2515 25 or or CC 31627 2515 26 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 2515 27 rock rock NN 31627 2515 28 ; ; : 31627 2515 29 the the DT 31627 2515 30 augite augite NNP 31627 2515 31 having have VBG 31627 2515 32 been be VBN 31627 2515 33 converted convert VBN 31627 2515 34 into into IN 31627 2515 35 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 2515 36 . . . 31627 2516 1 When when WRB 31627 2516 2 leucite leucite JJ 31627 2516 3 or or CC 31627 2516 4 nepheline nepheline VBP 31627 2516 5 replaces replace NNS 31627 2516 6 plagioclase plagioclase VBP 31627 2516 7 , , , 31627 2516 8 the the DT 31627 2516 9 rock rock NN 31627 2516 10 becomes become VBZ 31627 2516 11 a a DT 31627 2516 12 leucite leucite JJ 31627 2516 13 - - HYPH 31627 2516 14 basalt,[1 basalt,[1 NN 31627 2516 15 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2516 16 or or CC 31627 2516 17 nepheline nepheline NN 31627 2516 18 - - HYPH 31627 2516 19 basalt basalt NN 31627 2516 20 . . . 31627 2517 1 Some some DT 31627 2517 2 basalts basalt NNS 31627 2517 3 have have VBP 31627 2517 4 a a DT 31627 2517 5 glass glass NN 31627 2517 6 paste paste NN 31627 2517 7 , , , 31627 2517 8 or or CC 31627 2517 9 " " `` 31627 2517 10 ground ground NN 31627 2517 11 - - HYPH 31627 2517 12 mass mass NN 31627 2517 13 , , , 31627 2517 14 " " '' 31627 2517 15 in in IN 31627 2517 16 which which WDT 31627 2517 17 the the DT 31627 2517 18 minerals mineral NNS 31627 2517 19 are be VBP 31627 2517 20 enclosed enclose VBN 31627 2517 21 . . . 31627 2518 1 The the DT 31627 2518 2 lava lava NN 31627 2518 3 of of IN 31627 2518 4 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 2518 5 may may MD 31627 2518 6 be be VB 31627 2518 7 regarded regard VBN 31627 2518 8 as as IN 31627 2518 9 a a DT 31627 2518 10 variety variety NN 31627 2518 11 of of IN 31627 2518 12 basalt basalt NN 31627 2518 13 in in IN 31627 2518 14 which which WDT 31627 2518 15 leucite leucite JJ 31627 2518 16 replaces replace NNS 31627 2518 17 plagioclase plagioclase VBP 31627 2518 18 , , , 31627 2518 19 although although IN 31627 2518 20 this this DT 31627 2518 21 latter latter JJ 31627 2518 22 mineral mineral NN 31627 2518 23 is be VBZ 31627 2518 24 also also RB 31627 2518 25 present present JJ 31627 2518 26 . . . 31627 2519 1 Zirkel Zirkel NNP 31627 2519 2 calls call VBZ 31627 2519 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2519 4 " " `` 31627 2519 5 Sanidin Sanidin NNP 31627 2519 6 - - HYPH 31627 2519 7 leucitgestein leucitgestein NNP 31627 2519 8 , , , 31627 2519 9 " " '' 31627 2519 10 as as IN 31627 2519 11 both both CC 31627 2519 12 the the DT 31627 2519 13 macroscopic macroscopic JJ 31627 2519 14 and and CC 31627 2519 15 microscopic microscopic JJ 31627 2519 16 structure structure NN 31627 2519 17 reveal reveal VB 31627 2519 18 the the DT 31627 2519 19 presence presence NN 31627 2519 20 of of IN 31627 2519 21 leucite leucite NNP 31627 2519 22 , , , 31627 2519 23 sanidine sanidine JJS 31627 2519 24 , , , 31627 2519 25 plagioclase plagioclase NN 31627 2519 26 , , , 31627 2519 27 nephiline nephiline NNP 31627 2519 28 , , , 31627 2519 29 augite augite NNP 31627 2519 30 , , , 31627 2519 31 mica mica NNP 31627 2519 32 , , , 31627 2519 33 olivine olivine NNP 31627 2519 34 , , , 31627 2519 35 apatite apatite JJ 31627 2519 36 , , , 31627 2519 37 and and CC 31627 2519 38 magnetite magnetite NNP 31627 2519 39 . . . 31627 2520 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2520 2 2 2 CD 31627 2520 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2520 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2520 5 Dolerite Dolerite NNP 31627 2520 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2520 7 does do VBZ 31627 2520 8 not not RB 31627 2520 9 differ differ VB 31627 2520 10 essentially essentially RB 31627 2520 11 from from IN 31627 2520 12 basalt basalt NN 31627 2520 13 in in IN 31627 2520 14 composition composition NN 31627 2520 15 or or CC 31627 2520 16 structure structure NN 31627 2520 17 , , , 31627 2520 18 but but CC 31627 2520 19 is be VBZ 31627 2520 20 a a DT 31627 2520 21 largely largely RB 31627 2520 22 crystalline crystalline JJ 31627 2520 23 - - HYPH 31627 2520 24 granular granular JJ 31627 2520 25 variety variety NN 31627 2520 26 , , , 31627 2520 27 occurring occur VBG 31627 2520 28 more more RBR 31627 2520 29 abundantly abundantly RB 31627 2520 30 than than IN 31627 2520 31 basalt basalt NN 31627 2520 32 amongst amongst IN 31627 2520 33 the the DT 31627 2520 34 more more JJR 31627 2520 35 ancient ancient JJ 31627 2520 36 rocks rock NNS 31627 2520 37 , , , 31627 2520 38 and and CC 31627 2520 39 the the DT 31627 2520 40 different different JJ 31627 2520 41 minerals mineral NNS 31627 2520 42 are be VBP 31627 2520 43 distinctly distinctly RB 31627 2520 44 visible visible JJ 31627 2520 45 to to IN 31627 2520 46 the the DT 31627 2520 47 naked naked JJ 31627 2520 48 eye eye NN 31627 2520 49 . . . 31627 2521 1 A a DT 31627 2521 2 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2521 3 variety variety NN 31627 2521 4 of of IN 31627 2521 5 this this DT 31627 2521 6 rock rock NN 31627 2521 7 occurs occur VBZ 31627 2521 8 at at IN 31627 2521 9 Slieve Slieve NNP 31627 2521 10 Gullion Gullion NNP 31627 2521 11 in in IN 31627 2521 12 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 2521 13 , , , 31627 2521 14 in in IN 31627 2521 15 which which WDT 31627 2521 16 mica mica NNP 31627 2521 17 is be VBZ 31627 2521 18 so so RB 31627 2521 19 abundant abundant JJ 31627 2521 20 as as IN 31627 2521 21 to to TO 31627 2521 22 constitute constitute VB 31627 2521 23 the the DT 31627 2521 24 rock rock NN 31627 2521 25 a a DT 31627 2521 26 " " `` 31627 2521 27 micaceous micaceous JJ 31627 2521 28 dolerite dolerite NN 31627 2521 29 . . . 31627 2521 30 " " '' 31627 2522 1 2 2 LS 31627 2522 2 . . . 31627 2523 1 GABBRO.--A gabbro.--a LS 31627 2523 2 rather rather RB 31627 2523 3 wide wide JJ 31627 2523 4 group group NN 31627 2523 5 of of IN 31627 2523 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2523 7 rocks rock NNS 31627 2523 8 with with IN 31627 2523 9 variable variable JJ 31627 2523 10 composition composition NN 31627 2523 11 . . . 31627 2524 1 Essentially essentially RB 31627 2524 2 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2524 3 is be VBZ 31627 2524 4 a a DT 31627 2524 5 crystalline crystalline JJ 31627 2524 6 - - HYPH 31627 2524 7 granular granular JJ 31627 2524 8 compound compound NN 31627 2524 9 of of IN 31627 2524 10 plagioclase plagioclase NN 31627 2524 11 , , , 31627 2524 12 generally generally RB 31627 2524 13 Labradorite Labradorite NNP 31627 2524 14 and and CC 31627 2524 15 diallage diallage NN 31627 2524 16 . . . 31627 2525 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 31627 2525 2 the the DT 31627 2525 3 pyroxenic pyroxenic JJ 31627 2525 4 mineral mineral NN 31627 2525 5 becomes become VBZ 31627 2525 6 hypersthene hypersthene NNP 31627 2525 7 , , , 31627 2525 8 giving give VBG 31627 2525 9 rise rise NN 31627 2525 10 to to IN 31627 2525 11 _ _ NNP 31627 2525 12 hypersthene hypersthene NNP 31627 2525 13 - - HYPH 31627 2525 14 gabbro gabbro NNP 31627 2525 15 _ _ NNP 31627 2525 16 ; ; : 31627 2525 17 or or CC 31627 2525 18 when when WRB 31627 2525 19 hornblende hornblende NNP 31627 2525 20 is be VBZ 31627 2525 21 present present JJ 31627 2525 22 , , , 31627 2525 23 to to IN 31627 2525 24 _ _ NNP 31627 2525 25 hornblende hornblende NNP 31627 2525 26 - - HYPH 31627 2525 27 gabbro gabbro NNP 31627 2525 28 _ _ NNP 31627 2525 29 ; ; : 31627 2525 30 when when WRB 31627 2525 31 olivine olivine NN 31627 2525 32 , , , 31627 2525 33 to to IN 31627 2525 34 _ _ NNP 31627 2525 35 olivine olivine JJ 31627 2525 36 - - HYPH 31627 2525 37 gabbro gabbro NN 31627 2525 38 _ _ NNP 31627 2525 39 . . . 31627 2526 1 Magnetite Magnetite NNP 31627 2526 2 is be VBZ 31627 2526 3 always always RB 31627 2526 4 present present JJ 31627 2526 5 . . . 31627 2527 1 These these DT 31627 2527 2 rocks rock NNS 31627 2527 3 occur occur VBP 31627 2527 4 in in IN 31627 2527 5 the the DT 31627 2527 6 Carlingford Carlingford NNP 31627 2527 7 district district NN 31627 2527 8 in in IN 31627 2527 9 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 2527 10 , , , 31627 2527 11 in in IN 31627 2527 12 the the DT 31627 2527 13 Lizard Lizard NNP 31627 2527 14 district district NN 31627 2527 15 of of IN 31627 2527 16 Cornwall Cornwall NNP 31627 2527 17 , , , 31627 2527 18 the the DT 31627 2527 19 Inner Inner NNP 31627 2527 20 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 2527 21 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2527 22 Mull Mull NNP 31627 2527 23 , , , 31627 2527 24 Skye Skye NNP 31627 2527 25 , , , 31627 2527 26 etc etc FW 31627 2527 27 . . . 31627 2527 28 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2528 1 of of IN 31627 2528 2 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 2528 3 , , , 31627 2528 4 and and CC 31627 2528 5 in in IN 31627 2528 6 Saxony Saxony NNP 31627 2528 7 . . . 31627 2529 1 3 3 LS 31627 2529 2 . . . 31627 2530 1 DIORITE.--A diorite.--a LS 31627 2530 2 crystalline crystalline NN 31627 2530 3 - - HYPH 31627 2530 4 granular granular JJ 31627 2530 5 compound compound NN 31627 2530 6 of of IN 31627 2530 7 plagioclase plagioclase NN 31627 2530 8 and and CC 31627 2530 9 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 2530 10 with with IN 31627 2530 11 magnetite magnetite NNP 31627 2530 12 . . . 31627 2531 1 When when WRB 31627 2531 2 quartz quartz NNP 31627 2531 3 is be VBZ 31627 2531 4 present present JJ 31627 2531 5 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2531 6 becomes become VBZ 31627 2531 7 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2531 8 according accord VBG 31627 2531 9 to to IN 31627 2531 10 the the DT 31627 2531 11 usual usual JJ 31627 2531 12 British british JJ 31627 2531 13 acceptation acceptation NN 31627 2531 14 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2531 15 a a DT 31627 2531 16 _ _ NNP 31627 2531 17 syenite syenite NN 31627 2531 18 _ _ NNP 31627 2531 19 ; ; : 31627 2531 20 but but CC 31627 2531 21 this this DT 31627 2531 22 view view NN 31627 2531 23 is be VBZ 31627 2531 24 gradually gradually RB 31627 2531 25 giving give VBG 31627 2531 26 place place NN 31627 2531 27 to to IN 31627 2531 28 the the DT 31627 2531 29 German german JJ 31627 2531 30 definition definition NN 31627 2531 31 of of IN 31627 2531 32 syenite syenite NN 31627 2531 33 , , , 31627 2531 34 which which WDT 31627 2531 35 is be VBZ 31627 2531 36 a a DT 31627 2531 37 compound compound NN 31627 2531 38 of of IN 31627 2531 39 orthoclase orthoclase NN 31627 2531 40 and and CC 31627 2531 41 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 2531 42 ; ; : 31627 2531 43 and and CC 31627 2531 44 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2531 45 may may MD 31627 2531 46 be be VB 31627 2531 47 better well JJR 31627 2531 48 to to TO 31627 2531 49 denominate denominate VB 31627 2531 50 the the DT 31627 2531 51 variety variety NN 31627 2531 52 as as IN 31627 2531 53 _ _ NNP 31627 2531 54 quartz quartz NN 31627 2531 55 - - HYPH 31627 2531 56 diorite diorite NNP 31627 2531 57 _ _ NNP 31627 2531 58 . . . 31627 2532 1 The the DT 31627 2532 2 diorites diorite NNS 31627 2532 3 are be VBP 31627 2532 4 abundant abundant JJ 31627 2532 5 as as IN 31627 2532 6 sheets sheet NNS 31627 2532 7 and and CC 31627 2532 8 dykes dyke VBZ 31627 2532 9 amongst amongst IN 31627 2532 10 the the DT 31627 2532 11 older old JJR 31627 2532 12 palæozoic palæozoic NN 31627 2532 13 and and CC 31627 2532 14 metamorphic metamorphic JJ 31627 2532 15 rocks rock NNS 31627 2532 16 , , , 31627 2532 17 and and CC 31627 2532 18 are be VBP 31627 2532 19 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 2532 20 exceedingly exceedingly RB 31627 2532 21 rich rich JJ 31627 2532 22 in in IN 31627 2532 23 magnetite magnetite NN 31627 2532 24 . . . 31627 2533 1 Mica Mica NNP 31627 2533 2 , , , 31627 2533 3 epidote epidote NN 31627 2533 4 , , , 31627 2533 5 and and CC 31627 2533 6 chlorite chlorite NN 31627 2533 7 are be VBP 31627 2533 8 also also RB 31627 2533 9 present present JJ 31627 2533 10 as as IN 31627 2533 11 accessories accessory NNS 31627 2533 12 . . . 31627 2534 1 The the DT 31627 2534 2 rock rock NN 31627 2534 3 occurs occur VBZ 31627 2534 4 in in IN 31627 2534 5 North North NNP 31627 2534 6 Wales Wales NNP 31627 2534 7 , , , 31627 2534 8 Charnwood Charnwood NNP 31627 2534 9 Forest Forest NNP 31627 2534 10 , , , 31627 2534 11 Wicklow Wicklow NNP 31627 2534 12 , , , 31627 2534 13 Galway Galway NNP 31627 2534 14 , , , 31627 2534 15 and and CC 31627 2534 16 Donegal donegal JJ 31627 2534 17 , , , 31627 2534 18 and and CC 31627 2534 19 the the DT 31627 2534 20 Highlands Highlands NNPS 31627 2534 21 of of IN 31627 2534 22 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 2534 23 . . . 31627 2535 1 There there EX 31627 2535 2 can can MD 31627 2535 3 be be VB 31627 2535 4 little little JJ 31627 2535 5 doubt doubt NN 31627 2535 6 that that IN 31627 2535 7 amongst amongst IN 31627 2535 8 the the DT 31627 2535 9 metamorphic metamorphic JJ 31627 2535 10 rocks rock NNS 31627 2535 11 of of IN 31627 2535 12 Galway Galway NNP 31627 2535 13 , , , 31627 2535 14 Mayo Mayo NNP 31627 2535 15 , , , 31627 2535 16 and and CC 31627 2535 17 Donegal donegal VB 31627 2535 18 the the DT 31627 2535 19 great great JJ 31627 2535 20 beds bed NNS 31627 2535 21 of of IN 31627 2535 22 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2535 23 often often RB 31627 2535 24 columnar columnar JJ 31627 2535 25 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2535 26 diorite diorite NN 31627 2535 27 were be VBD 31627 2535 28 originally originally RB 31627 2535 29 augitic augitic JJ 31627 2535 30 lavas lavas NN 31627 2535 31 , , , 31627 2535 32 which which WDT 31627 2535 33 have have VBP 31627 2535 34 since since IN 31627 2535 35 undergone undergo VBN 31627 2535 36 transformation transformation NN 31627 2535 37 . . . 31627 2536 1 4 4 LS 31627 2536 2 . . . 31627 2537 1 DIABASE.--It DIABASE.--It NNP 31627 2537 2 is be VBZ 31627 2537 3 very very RB 31627 2537 4 doubtful doubtful JJ 31627 2537 5 if if IN 31627 2537 6 " " `` 31627 2537 7 Diabase Diabase NNP 31627 2537 8 " " '' 31627 2537 9 ought ought MD 31627 2537 10 to to TO 31627 2537 11 be be VB 31627 2537 12 regarded regard VBN 31627 2537 13 as as IN 31627 2537 14 a a DT 31627 2537 15 distinct distinct JJ 31627 2537 16 species specie NNS 31627 2537 17 of of IN 31627 2537 18 igneous igneous JJ 31627 2537 19 rock rock NN 31627 2537 20 , , , 31627 2537 21 as as IN 31627 2537 22 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2537 23 seems seem VBZ 31627 2537 24 to to TO 31627 2537 25 be be VB 31627 2537 26 simply simply RB 31627 2537 27 an an DT 31627 2537 28 altered alter VBN 31627 2537 29 variety variety NN 31627 2537 30 of of IN 31627 2537 31 basalt basalt NN 31627 2537 32 or or CC 31627 2537 33 dolerite dolerite JJ 31627 2537 34 , , , 31627 2537 35 in in IN 31627 2537 36 which which WDT 31627 2537 37 chlorite chlorite NN 31627 2537 38 , , , 31627 2537 39 a a DT 31627 2537 40 secondary secondary JJ 31627 2537 41 alteration alteration NN 31627 2537 42 - - HYPH 31627 2537 43 product product NN 31627 2537 44 , , , 31627 2537 45 has have VBZ 31627 2537 46 been be VBN 31627 2537 47 developed develop VBN 31627 2537 48 by by IN 31627 2537 49 the the DT 31627 2537 50 decomposition decomposition NN 31627 2537 51 of of IN 31627 2537 52 the the DT 31627 2537 53 pyroxene pyroxene NN 31627 2537 54 or or CC 31627 2537 55 olivine olivine NN 31627 2537 56 of of IN 31627 2537 57 the the DT 31627 2537 58 original original JJ 31627 2537 59 rock rock NN 31627 2537 60 . . . 31627 2538 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2538 2 is be VBZ 31627 2538 3 a a DT 31627 2538 4 convenient convenient JJ 31627 2538 5 name name NN 31627 2538 6 for for IN 31627 2538 7 use use NN 31627 2538 8 in in IN 31627 2538 9 the the DT 31627 2538 10 field field NN 31627 2538 11 when when WRB 31627 2538 12 doubt doubt NN 31627 2538 13 occurs occur VBZ 31627 2538 14 as as IN 31627 2538 15 to to IN 31627 2538 16 the the DT 31627 2538 17 real real JJ 31627 2538 18 nature nature NN 31627 2538 19 of of IN 31627 2538 20 an an DT 31627 2538 21 igneous igneous JJ 31627 2538 22 rock rock NN 31627 2538 23 . . . 31627 2539 1 Melaphyre Melaphyre NNP 31627 2539 2 is be VBZ 31627 2539 3 a a DT 31627 2539 4 name name NN 31627 2539 5 given give VBN 31627 2539 6 to to IN 31627 2539 7 the the DT 31627 2539 8 very very RB 31627 2539 9 dark dark JJ 31627 2539 10 varieties variety NNS 31627 2539 11 of of IN 31627 2539 12 altered alter VBN 31627 2539 13 augitic augitic JJ 31627 2539 14 lavas lavas NNP 31627 2539 15 , , , 31627 2539 16 rich rich JJ 31627 2539 17 in in IN 31627 2539 18 magnetite magnetite NN 31627 2539 19 and and CC 31627 2539 20 chlorite chlorite NN 31627 2539 21 . . . 31627 2540 1 5 5 CD 31627 2540 2 . . . 31627 2541 1 PORPHYRITE PORPHYRITE NNP 31627 2541 2 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2541 3 or or CC 31627 2541 4 quartzless quartzless JJ 31627 2541 5 porphyry).--A porphyry).--A NNP 31627 2541 6 basic basic JJ 31627 2541 7 variety variety NN 31627 2541 8 of of IN 31627 2541 9 felstone felstone NN 31627 2541 10 - - HYPH 31627 2541 11 porphyry porphyry NN 31627 2541 12 , , , 31627 2541 13 consisting consist VBG 31627 2541 14 of of IN 31627 2541 15 a a DT 31627 2541 16 felspathic felspathic JJ 31627 2541 17 base base NN 31627 2541 18 with with IN 31627 2541 19 distinct distinct JJ 31627 2541 20 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2541 21 of of IN 31627 2541 22 felspar felspar NN 31627 2541 23 , , , 31627 2541 24 with with IN 31627 2541 25 which which WDT 31627 2541 26 there there EX 31627 2541 27 may may MD 31627 2541 28 be be VB 31627 2541 29 others other NNS 31627 2541 30 of of IN 31627 2541 31 hornblende hornblende NNP 31627 2541 32 , , , 31627 2541 33 mica mica NNP 31627 2541 34 , , , 31627 2541 35 or or CC 31627 2541 36 augite augite NNP 31627 2541 37 . . . 31627 2542 1 The the DT 31627 2542 2 colour colour NN 31627 2542 3 is be VBZ 31627 2542 4 generally generally RB 31627 2542 5 red red JJ 31627 2542 6 or or CC 31627 2542 7 purple purple JJ 31627 2542 8 , , , 31627 2542 9 and and CC 31627 2542 10 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2542 11 weathers weather VBZ 31627 2542 12 into into IN 31627 2542 13 red red JJ 31627 2542 14 clay clay NN 31627 2542 15 , , , 31627 2542 16 in in IN 31627 2542 17 contrast contrast NN 31627 2542 18 to to IN 31627 2542 19 the the DT 31627 2542 20 highly highly RB 31627 2542 21 acid acid NN 31627 2542 22 or or CC 31627 2542 23 silicated silicated JJ 31627 2542 24 felsites felsite NNS 31627 2542 25 which which WDT 31627 2542 26 weather weather VBP 31627 2542 27 into into IN 31627 2542 28 whitish whitish JJ 31627 2542 29 sand sand NN 31627 2542 30 . . . 31627 2543 1 6 6 CD 31627 2543 2 . . . 31627 2544 1 SYENITE.--As SYENITE.--As NNP 31627 2544 2 stated state VBD 31627 2544 3 above above IN 31627 2544 4 , , , 31627 2544 5 this this DT 31627 2544 6 name name NN 31627 2544 7 has have VBZ 31627 2544 8 been be VBN 31627 2544 9 variously variously RB 31627 2544 10 applied apply VBN 31627 2544 11 . . . 31627 2545 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2545 2 derivation derivation NN 31627 2545 3 is be VBZ 31627 2545 4 from from IN 31627 2545 5 Syene Syene NNP 31627 2545 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2545 7 Assouan Assouan NNP 31627 2545 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2545 9 in in IN 31627 2545 10 Egypt Egypt NNP 31627 2545 11 , , , 31627 2545 12 and and CC 31627 2545 13 the the DT 31627 2545 14 granitic granitic JJ 31627 2545 15 rocks rock NNS 31627 2545 16 of of IN 31627 2545 17 that that DT 31627 2545 18 district district NN 31627 2545 19 were be VBD 31627 2545 20 called call VBN 31627 2545 21 " " `` 31627 2545 22 syenites syenite NNS 31627 2545 23 , , , 31627 2545 24 " " '' 31627 2545 25 under under IN 31627 2545 26 the the DT 31627 2545 27 supposition supposition NN 31627 2545 28 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2545 29 now now RB 31627 2545 30 known know VBN 31627 2545 31 to to TO 31627 2545 32 be be VB 31627 2545 33 erroneous erroneous JJ 31627 2545 34 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2545 35 that that IN 31627 2545 36 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2545 37 differ differ VBP 31627 2545 38 from from IN 31627 2545 39 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 2545 40 granites granite NNS 31627 2545 41 in in IN 31627 2545 42 that that IN 31627 2545 43 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2545 44 were be VBD 31627 2545 45 supposed suppose VBN 31627 2545 46 to to TO 31627 2545 47 be be VB 31627 2545 48 composed compose VBN 31627 2545 49 of of IN 31627 2545 50 quartz quartz NN 31627 2545 51 , , , 31627 2545 52 felspar felspar NNP 31627 2545 53 , , , 31627 2545 54 and and CC 31627 2545 55 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 2545 56 , , , 31627 2545 57 instead instead RB 31627 2545 58 of of IN 31627 2545 59 quartz quartz NN 31627 2545 60 , , , 31627 2545 61 felspar felspar NNP 31627 2545 62 , , , 31627 2545 63 and and CC 31627 2545 64 mica mica NNP 31627 2545 65 . . . 31627 2546 1 From from IN 31627 2546 2 this this DT 31627 2546 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2546 4 arose arise VBD 31627 2546 5 that that IN 31627 2546 6 syenite syenite NN 31627 2546 7 was be VBD 31627 2546 8 regarded regard VBN 31627 2546 9 as as IN 31627 2546 10 a a DT 31627 2546 11 variety variety NN 31627 2546 12 of of IN 31627 2546 13 granite granite NN 31627 2546 14 in in IN 31627 2546 15 which which WDT 31627 2546 16 the the DT 31627 2546 17 mica mica NNP 31627 2546 18 is be VBZ 31627 2546 19 replaced replace VBN 31627 2546 20 by by IN 31627 2546 21 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 2546 22 , , , 31627 2546 23 and and CC 31627 2546 24 this this DT 31627 2546 25 has have VBZ 31627 2546 26 generally generally RB 31627 2546 27 been be VBN 31627 2546 28 the the DT 31627 2546 29 British british JJ 31627 2546 30 view view NN 31627 2546 31 of of IN 31627 2546 32 the the DT 31627 2546 33 question question NN 31627 2546 34 . . . 31627 2547 1 But but CC 31627 2547 2 the the DT 31627 2547 3 German german JJ 31627 2547 4 definition definition NN 31627 2547 5 is be VBZ 31627 2547 6 applied apply VBN 31627 2547 7 to to IN 31627 2547 8 an an DT 31627 2547 9 entirely entirely RB 31627 2547 10 different different JJ 31627 2547 11 rock rock NN 31627 2547 12 , , , 31627 2547 13 belonging belong VBG 31627 2547 14 to to IN 31627 2547 15 the the DT 31627 2547 16 felstone felstone NNP 31627 2547 17 family family NN 31627 2547 18 ; ; : 31627 2547 19 and and CC 31627 2547 20 according accord VBG 31627 2547 21 to to IN 31627 2547 22 this this DT 31627 2547 23 classification classification NN 31627 2547 24 syenite syenite NN 31627 2547 25 consists consist VBZ 31627 2547 26 of of IN 31627 2547 27 a a DT 31627 2547 28 crystalline crystalline JJ 31627 2547 29 - - HYPH 31627 2547 30 granular granular JJ 31627 2547 31 compound compound NN 31627 2547 32 of of IN 31627 2547 33 orthoclase orthoclase NNP 31627 2547 34 and and CC 31627 2547 35 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 2547 36 , , , 31627 2547 37 in in IN 31627 2547 38 which which WDT 31627 2547 39 quartz quartz NN 31627 2547 40 may may MD 31627 2547 41 or or CC 31627 2547 42 may may MD 31627 2547 43 not not RB 31627 2547 44 be be VB 31627 2547 45 present present JJ 31627 2547 46 . . . 31627 2548 1 From from IN 31627 2548 2 this this DT 31627 2548 3 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2548 4 will will MD 31627 2548 5 be be VB 31627 2548 6 seen see VBN 31627 2548 7 that that IN 31627 2548 8 , , , 31627 2548 9 according accord VBG 31627 2548 10 to to IN 31627 2548 11 Zirkel Zirkel NNP 31627 2548 12 , , , 31627 2548 13 syenite syenite NN 31627 2548 14 is be VBZ 31627 2548 15 essentially essentially RB 31627 2548 16 distinct distinct JJ 31627 2548 17 from from IN 31627 2548 18 diorite diorite JJ 31627 2548 19 in in IN 31627 2548 20 the the DT 31627 2548 21 species specie NNS 31627 2548 22 of of IN 31627 2548 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2548 24 felspar felspar NN 31627 2548 25 . . . 31627 2549 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2549 2 3 3 LS 31627 2549 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2549 4 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2549 5 seems seem VBZ 31627 2549 6 desirable desirable JJ 31627 2549 7 to to TO 31627 2549 8 adopt adopt VB 31627 2549 9 the the DT 31627 2549 10 German german JJ 31627 2549 11 view view NN 31627 2549 12 ; ; : 31627 2549 13 and and CC 31627 2549 14 as as IN 31627 2549 15 regards regard VBZ 31627 2549 16 diorites diorite NNS 31627 2549 17 containing contain VBG 31627 2549 18 quartz quartz NN 31627 2549 19 as as IN 31627 2549 20 an an DT 31627 2549 21 accessory accessory NN 31627 2549 22 , , , 31627 2549 23 to to TO 31627 2549 24 apply apply VB 31627 2549 25 to to IN 31627 2549 26 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2549 27 the the DT 31627 2549 28 name name NN 31627 2549 29 of of IN 31627 2549 30 _ _ NNP 31627 2549 31 quartz quartz NN 31627 2549 32 - - HYPH 31627 2549 33 diorite diorite NNP 31627 2549 34 _ _ NNP 31627 2549 35 , , , 31627 2549 36 as as IN 31627 2549 37 stated state VBN 31627 2549 38 above above IN 31627 2549 39 , , , 31627 2549 40 the the DT 31627 2549 41 name name NN 31627 2549 42 syenite syenite NN 31627 2549 43 as as IN 31627 2549 44 used use VBN 31627 2549 45 by by IN 31627 2549 46 British british JJ 31627 2549 47 geologists geologist NNS 31627 2549 48 having have VBG 31627 2549 49 arisen arise VBN 31627 2549 50 from from IN 31627 2549 51 a a DT 31627 2549 52 misconception misconception NN 31627 2549 53 . . . 31627 2550 1 7 7 LS 31627 2550 2 . . . 31627 2551 1 MICA MICA NNP 31627 2551 2 - - HYPH 31627 2551 3 TRAP TRAP NNP 31627 2551 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2551 5 LAMPOPHYRE).--A LAMPOPHYRE).--A NNP 31627 2551 6 rock rock NN 31627 2551 7 , , , 31627 2551 8 allied ally VBN 31627 2551 9 to to IN 31627 2551 10 the the DT 31627 2551 11 felstone felstone NNP 31627 2551 12 family family NN 31627 2551 13 , , , 31627 2551 14 in in IN 31627 2551 15 which which WDT 31627 2551 16 mica mica NNP 31627 2551 17 is be VBZ 31627 2551 18 an an DT 31627 2551 19 abundant abundant JJ 31627 2551 20 and and CC 31627 2551 21 essential essential JJ 31627 2551 22 constituent constituent NN 31627 2551 23 , , , 31627 2551 24 thus thus RB 31627 2551 25 consisting consist VBG 31627 2551 26 of of IN 31627 2551 27 plagioclase plagioclase NNP 31627 2551 28 and and CC 31627 2551 29 mica mica NNP 31627 2551 30 , , , 31627 2551 31 with with IN 31627 2551 32 a a DT 31627 2551 33 little little JJ 31627 2551 34 magnetite magnetite NN 31627 2551 35 . . . 31627 2552 1 Quartz Quartz NNP 31627 2552 2 may may MD 31627 2552 3 be be VB 31627 2552 4 an an DT 31627 2552 5 accessory accessory NN 31627 2552 6 . . . 31627 2553 1 This this DT 31627 2553 2 rock rock NN 31627 2553 3 occurs occur VBZ 31627 2553 4 amongst amongst IN 31627 2553 5 the the DT 31627 2553 6 Lower low JJR 31627 2553 7 Silurian silurian JJ 31627 2553 8 strata strata NN 31627 2553 9 of of IN 31627 2553 10 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 2553 11 , , , 31627 2553 12 Cumberland Cumberland NNP 31627 2553 13 , , , 31627 2553 14 and and CC 31627 2553 15 the the DT 31627 2553 16 South South NNP 31627 2553 17 of of IN 31627 2553 18 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 2553 19 ; ; : 31627 2553 20 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2553 21 is be VBZ 31627 2553 22 not not RB 31627 2553 23 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2553 24 in in IN 31627 2553 25 the the DT 31627 2553 26 ordinary ordinary JJ 31627 2553 27 acceptation acceptation NN 31627 2553 28 of of IN 31627 2553 29 that that DT 31627 2553 30 term term NN 31627 2553 31 . . . 31627 2554 1 The the DT 31627 2554 2 term term NN 31627 2554 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2554 4 lampophyre lampophyre NN 31627 2554 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2554 6 was be VBD 31627 2554 7 introduced introduce VBN 31627 2554 8 by by IN 31627 2554 9 Gümbel Gümbel NNP 31627 2554 10 in in IN 31627 2554 11 describing describe VBG 31627 2554 12 the the DT 31627 2554 13 mica mica NN 31627 2554 14 - - HYPH 31627 2554 15 traps trap NNS 31627 2554 16 of of IN 31627 2554 17 Fichtelgebirge Fichtelgebirge NNP 31627 2554 18 . . . 31627 2555 1 8 8 LS 31627 2555 2 . . . 31627 2556 1 ANDESITE.--This andesite.--this DT 31627 2556 2 is be VBZ 31627 2556 3 a a DT 31627 2556 4 dark dark JJ 31627 2556 5 - - HYPH 31627 2556 6 coloured coloured JJ 31627 2556 7 , , , 31627 2556 8 compact compact JJ 31627 2556 9 or or CC 31627 2556 10 vesicular vesicular JJ 31627 2556 11 , , , 31627 2556 12 semi semi JJ 31627 2556 13 - - JJ 31627 2556 14 vitreous vitreous JJ 31627 2556 15 group group NN 31627 2556 16 of of IN 31627 2556 17 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2556 18 rocks rock NNS 31627 2556 19 , , , 31627 2556 20 composed compose VBN 31627 2556 21 essentially essentially RB 31627 2556 22 of of IN 31627 2556 23 a a DT 31627 2556 24 glassy glassy JJ 31627 2556 25 plagioclase plagioclase NN 31627 2556 26 felspar felspar VBZ 31627 2556 27 , , , 31627 2556 28 and and CC 31627 2556 29 a a DT 31627 2556 30 ferro ferro NNP 31627 2556 31 - - HYPH 31627 2556 32 magnesian magnesian JJ 31627 2556 33 constituent constituent NN 31627 2556 34 enclosed enclose VBD 31627 2556 35 in in IN 31627 2556 36 a a DT 31627 2556 37 glassy glassy JJ 31627 2556 38 base base NN 31627 2556 39 . . . 31627 2557 1 According accord VBG 31627 2557 2 to to IN 31627 2557 3 the the DT 31627 2557 4 nature nature NN 31627 2557 5 of of IN 31627 2557 6 the the DT 31627 2557 7 ferro ferro NNP 31627 2557 8 - - HYPH 31627 2557 9 magnesian magnesian NNP 31627 2557 10 constituent constituent NN 31627 2557 11 , , , 31627 2557 12 the the DT 31627 2557 13 group group NN 31627 2557 14 may may MD 31627 2557 15 be be VB 31627 2557 16 divided divide VBN 31627 2557 17 into into IN 31627 2557 18 _ _ NNP 31627 2557 19 hornblende hornblende NNP 31627 2557 20 - - HYPH 31627 2557 21 andesite andesite NNP 31627 2557 22 _ _ NNP 31627 2557 23 , , , 31627 2557 24 _ _ NNP 31627 2557 25 biotite biotite NNP 31627 2557 26 - - HYPH 31627 2557 27 andesite andesite NNP 31627 2557 28 _ _ NNP 31627 2557 29 , , , 31627 2557 30 and and CC 31627 2557 31 _ _ NNP 31627 2557 32 augite augite NNP 31627 2557 33 - - HYPH 31627 2557 34 andesite andesite NNP 31627 2557 35 _ _ NNP 31627 2557 36 . . . 31627 2558 1 Quartz Quartz NNP 31627 2558 2 is be VBZ 31627 2558 3 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 2558 4 present present JJ 31627 2558 5 , , , 31627 2558 6 and and CC 31627 2558 7 when when WRB 31627 2558 8 this this DT 31627 2558 9 mineral mineral NN 31627 2558 10 becomes become VBZ 31627 2558 11 an an DT 31627 2558 12 essential essential JJ 31627 2558 13 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2558 14 gives give VBZ 31627 2558 15 rise rise NN 31627 2558 16 to to IN 31627 2558 17 a a DT 31627 2558 18 variety variety NN 31627 2558 19 called call VBN 31627 2558 20 _ _ NNP 31627 2558 21 quartz quartz NN 31627 2558 22 - - HYPH 31627 2558 23 andesite andesite NNP 31627 2558 24 _ _ NNP 31627 2558 25 or or CC 31627 2558 26 _ _ NNP 31627 2558 27 dacite dacite NNP 31627 2558 28 _ _ NNP 31627 2558 29 . . . 31627 2559 1 These these DT 31627 2559 2 rocks rock NNS 31627 2559 3 are be VBP 31627 2559 4 the the DT 31627 2559 5 principal principal JJ 31627 2559 6 constituents constituent NNS 31627 2559 7 of of IN 31627 2559 8 the the DT 31627 2559 9 lavas lavas NN 31627 2559 10 of of IN 31627 2559 11 the the DT 31627 2559 12 Andes Andes NNP 31627 2559 13 , , , 31627 2559 14 and and CC 31627 2559 15 the the DT 31627 2559 16 name name NN 31627 2559 17 was be VBD 31627 2559 18 first first RB 31627 2559 19 applied apply VBN 31627 2559 20 to to IN 31627 2559 21 them -PRON- PRP 31627 2559 22 by by IN 31627 2559 23 Leopold Leopold NNP 31627 2559 24 von von NNP 31627 2559 25 Buch Buch NNP 31627 2559 26 ; ; : 31627 2559 27 but but CC 31627 2559 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2559 29 representatives representative NNS 31627 2559 30 also also RB 31627 2559 31 occur occur VBP 31627 2559 32 in in IN 31627 2559 33 the the DT 31627 2559 34 British British NNP 31627 2559 35 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 2559 36 , , , 31627 2559 37 Germany Germany NNP 31627 2559 38 , , , 31627 2559 39 and and CC 31627 2559 40 elsewhere elsewhere RB 31627 2559 41 . . . 31627 2560 1 Dacite Dacite NNP 31627 2560 2 is be VBZ 31627 2560 3 the the DT 31627 2560 4 lava lava NN 31627 2560 5 of of IN 31627 2560 6 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2560 7 and and CC 31627 2560 8 some some DT 31627 2560 9 of of IN 31627 2560 10 the the DT 31627 2560 11 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2560 12 of of IN 31627 2560 13 Japan Japan NNP 31627 2560 14 . . . 31627 2561 1 9 9 CD 31627 2561 2 , , , 31627 2561 3 10 10 CD 31627 2561 4 . . . 31627 2562 1 TRACHYTE TRACHYTE NNP 31627 2562 2 and and CC 31627 2562 3 DOMITE DOMITE NNP 31627 2562 4 , , , 31627 2562 5 etc.--These etc.--these JJ 31627 2562 6 names name NNS 31627 2562 7 include include VBP 31627 2562 8 very very RB 31627 2562 9 numerous numerous JJ 31627 2562 10 varieties variety NNS 31627 2562 11 of of IN 31627 2562 12 highly highly RB 31627 2562 13 silicated silicated JJ 31627 2562 14 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2562 15 rock rock NN 31627 2562 16 , , , 31627 2562 17 and and CC 31627 2562 18 in in IN 31627 2562 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2562 20 general general JJ 31627 2562 21 form form NN 31627 2562 22 consist consist NN 31627 2562 23 of of IN 31627 2562 24 a a DT 31627 2562 25 white white JJ 31627 2562 26 felsitic felsitic JJ 31627 2562 27 paste paste NN 31627 2562 28 with with IN 31627 2562 29 distinct distinct JJ 31627 2562 30 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2562 31 of of IN 31627 2562 32 sanidine sanidine CD 31627 2562 33 , , , 31627 2562 34 together together RB 31627 2562 35 with with IN 31627 2562 36 plagioclase plagioclase NNP 31627 2562 37 , , , 31627 2562 38 augite augite NNP 31627 2562 39 , , , 31627 2562 40 biotite biotite NNP 31627 2562 41 , , , 31627 2562 42 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 2562 43 , , , 31627 2562 44 and and CC 31627 2562 45 accessories accessory NNS 31627 2562 46 . . . 31627 2563 1 When when WRB 31627 2563 2 crystalline crystalline NN 31627 2563 3 grains grain NNS 31627 2563 4 or or CC 31627 2563 5 blebs blebs NN 31627 2563 6 of of IN 31627 2563 7 quartz quartz NN 31627 2563 8 occur occur VBP 31627 2563 9 , , , 31627 2563 10 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2563 11 have have VBP 31627 2563 12 a a DT 31627 2563 13 quartz quartz NN 31627 2563 14 - - HYPH 31627 2563 15 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 2563 16 ; ; : 31627 2563 17 when when WRB 31627 2563 18 tridymite tridymite NN 31627 2563 19 is be VBZ 31627 2563 20 abundant abundant JJ 31627 2563 21 , , , 31627 2563 22 as as IN 31627 2563 23 in in IN 31627 2563 24 the the DT 31627 2563 25 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 2563 26 of of IN 31627 2563 27 Co. Co. NNP 31627 2563 28 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 2563 29 , , , 31627 2563 30 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2563 31 have have VBP 31627 2563 32 " " `` 31627 2563 33 tridymite tridymite NN 31627 2563 34 - - HYPH 31627 2563 35 trachyte trachyte NN 31627 2563 36 . . . 31627 2563 37 " " '' 31627 2564 1 The the DT 31627 2564 2 trachytes trachyte NNS 31627 2564 3 occupy occupy VBP 31627 2564 4 a a DT 31627 2564 5 position position NN 31627 2564 6 between between IN 31627 2564 7 the the DT 31627 2564 8 pitchstone pitchstone NNP 31627 2564 9 lavas lavas NNP 31627 2564 10 on on IN 31627 2564 11 the the DT 31627 2564 12 one one CD 31627 2564 13 hand hand NN 31627 2564 14 , , , 31627 2564 15 and and CC 31627 2564 16 the the DT 31627 2564 17 andesites andesite NNS 31627 2564 18 and and CC 31627 2564 19 granophyres granophyre NNS 31627 2564 20 on on IN 31627 2564 21 the the DT 31627 2564 22 other other JJ 31627 2564 23 . . . 31627 2565 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2565 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2565 3 b. b. NNP 31627 2565 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2565 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2565 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2565 7 Domite Domite NNP 31627 2565 8 _ _ NNP 31627 2565 9 is be VBZ 31627 2565 10 the the DT 31627 2565 11 name name NN 31627 2565 12 applied apply VBN 31627 2565 13 to to IN 31627 2565 14 the the DT 31627 2565 15 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 2565 16 rocks rock NNS 31627 2565 17 of of IN 31627 2565 18 the the DT 31627 2565 19 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 2565 20 district district NN 31627 2565 21 and and CC 31627 2565 22 the the DT 31627 2565 23 Puy Puy NNP 31627 2565 24 de de NNP 31627 2565 25 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 2565 26 particularly particularly RB 31627 2565 27 . . . 31627 2566 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 2566 2 do do VBP 31627 2566 3 not not RB 31627 2566 4 contain contain VB 31627 2566 5 free free JJ 31627 2566 6 quartz quartz NN 31627 2566 7 , , , 31627 2566 8 though though IN 31627 2566 9 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2566 10 are be VBP 31627 2566 11 highly highly RB 31627 2566 12 acid acid JJ 31627 2566 13 rocks rock NNS 31627 2566 14 , , , 31627 2566 15 containing contain VBG 31627 2566 16 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 2566 17 as as RB 31627 2566 18 much much JJ 31627 2566 19 as as IN 31627 2566 20 68 68 CD 31627 2566 21 per per NN 31627 2566 22 cent cent NN 31627 2566 23 . . . 31627 2567 1 of of IN 31627 2567 2 silica silica NNP 31627 2567 3 . . . 31627 2568 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2568 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2568 3 c. c. NNP 31627 2568 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2568 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2568 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2568 7 Phonolite Phonolite NNP 31627 2568 8 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2568 9 Clinkstone Clinkstone NNP 31627 2568 10 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2568 11 _ _ NNP 31627 2568 12 is be VBZ 31627 2568 13 a a DT 31627 2568 14 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 2568 15 rock rock NN 31627 2568 16 , , , 31627 2568 17 composed compose VBN 31627 2568 18 essentially essentially RB 31627 2568 19 of of IN 31627 2568 20 sanidine sanidine JJ 31627 2568 21 , , , 31627 2568 22 nepheline nepheline JJ 31627 2568 23 , , , 31627 2568 24 and and CC 31627 2568 25 augite augite NNP 31627 2568 26 or or CC 31627 2568 27 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 2568 28 . . . 31627 2569 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2569 2 is be VBZ 31627 2569 3 usually usually RB 31627 2569 4 of of IN 31627 2569 5 a a DT 31627 2569 6 greenish greenish JJ 31627 2569 7 colour colour NN 31627 2569 8 , , , 31627 2569 9 hard hard JJ 31627 2569 10 and and CC 31627 2569 11 compact compact JJ 31627 2569 12 , , , 31627 2569 13 so so IN 31627 2569 14 as as IN 31627 2569 15 to to TO 31627 2569 16 ring ring VB 31627 2569 17 under under IN 31627 2569 18 the the DT 31627 2569 19 hammer hammer NN 31627 2569 20 ; ; : 31627 2569 21 hence hence RB 31627 2569 22 the the DT 31627 2569 23 name name NN 31627 2569 24 . . . 31627 2570 1 The the DT 31627 2570 2 Wolf Wolf NNP 31627 2570 3 Rock Rock NNP 31627 2570 4 is be VBZ 31627 2570 5 composed compose VBN 31627 2570 6 of of IN 31627 2570 7 phonolite phonolite NN 31627 2570 8 , , , 31627 2570 9 and and CC 31627 2570 10 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2570 11 occurs occur VBZ 31627 2570 12 largely largely RB 31627 2570 13 in in IN 31627 2570 14 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 2570 15 . . . 31627 2571 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2571 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2571 3 d. d. NNP 31627 2571 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2571 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2571 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2571 7 Rhyolites Rhyolites NNPS 31627 2571 8 _ _ NNP 31627 2571 9 are be VBP 31627 2571 10 closely closely RB 31627 2571 11 connected connected JJ 31627 2571 12 with with IN 31627 2571 13 the the DT 31627 2571 14 _ _ NNP 31627 2571 15 quartz quartz NN 31627 2571 16 - - HYPH 31627 2571 17 trachytes trachytes NNPS 31627 2571 18 _ _ NNP 31627 2571 19 , , , 31627 2571 20 but but CC 31627 2571 21 present present VB 31627 2571 22 a a DT 31627 2571 23 marked mark VBN 31627 2571 24 fluidal fluidal NN 31627 2571 25 , , , 31627 2571 26 spherulitic spherulitic JJ 31627 2571 27 , , , 31627 2571 28 or or CC 31627 2571 29 perlitic perlitic JJ 31627 2571 30 structure structure NN 31627 2571 31 . . . 31627 2572 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 2572 2 consist consist VBP 31627 2572 3 of of IN 31627 2572 4 a a DT 31627 2572 5 trachytic trachytic JJ 31627 2572 6 ground ground NN 31627 2572 7 - - HYPH 31627 2572 8 mass mass NN 31627 2572 9 in in IN 31627 2572 10 which which WDT 31627 2572 11 grains grain NNS 31627 2572 12 or or CC 31627 2572 13 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2572 14 of of IN 31627 2572 15 quartz quartz NNP 31627 2572 16 and and CC 31627 2572 17 sanidine sanidine NNP 31627 2572 18 , , , 31627 2572 19 with with IN 31627 2572 20 other other JJ 31627 2572 21 accessory accessory JJ 31627 2572 22 minerals mineral NNS 31627 2572 23 , , , 31627 2572 24 are be VBP 31627 2572 25 imbedded imbed VBN 31627 2572 26 . . . 31627 2573 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 2573 2 occur occur VBP 31627 2573 3 amongst amongst IN 31627 2573 4 the the DT 31627 2573 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2573 6 rocks rock NNS 31627 2573 7 of of IN 31627 2573 8 the the DT 31627 2573 9 British British NNP 31627 2573 10 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 2573 11 , , , 31627 2573 12 Hungary Hungary NNP 31627 2573 13 , , , 31627 2573 14 and and CC 31627 2573 15 the the DT 31627 2573 16 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 2573 17 Islands Islands NNP 31627 2573 18 , , , 31627 2573 19 from from IN 31627 2573 20 which which WDT 31627 2573 21 the the DT 31627 2573 22 name name NN 31627 2573 23 _ _ NNP 31627 2573 24 Liparite Liparite NNP 31627 2573 25 _ _ NNP 31627 2573 26 has have VBZ 31627 2573 27 been be VBN 31627 2573 28 derived derive VBN 31627 2573 29 . . . 31627 2574 1 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2574 2 _ _ NNP 31627 2574 3 e. e. NNP 31627 2574 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2574 5 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2574 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2574 7 Obsidian Obsidian NNP 31627 2574 8 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2574 9 Pitchstone)._--This pitchstone)._--this UH 31627 2574 10 is be VBZ 31627 2574 11 a a DT 31627 2574 12 vitreous vitreous JJ 31627 2574 13 , , , 31627 2574 14 highly highly RB 31627 2574 15 acid acid JJ 31627 2574 16 rock rock NN 31627 2574 17 , , , 31627 2574 18 which which WDT 31627 2574 19 has have VBZ 31627 2574 20 become become VBN 31627 2574 21 a a DT 31627 2574 22 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2574 23 glass glass NN 31627 2574 24 in in IN 31627 2574 25 consequence consequence NN 31627 2574 26 of of IN 31627 2574 27 rapid rapid NNP 31627 2574 28 cooling cooling NN 31627 2574 29 , , , 31627 2574 30 distinct distinct JJ 31627 2574 31 minerals mineral NNS 31627 2574 32 not not RB 31627 2574 33 having have VBG 31627 2574 34 had have VBD 31627 2574 35 time time NN 31627 2574 36 to to TO 31627 2574 37 form form VB 31627 2574 38 . . . 31627 2575 1 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2575 2 has have VBZ 31627 2575 3 a a DT 31627 2575 4 conchoidal conchoidal JJ 31627 2575 5 fracture fracture NN 31627 2575 6 , , , 31627 2575 7 various various JJ 31627 2575 8 shades shade NNS 31627 2575 9 of of IN 31627 2575 10 colour colour NN 31627 2575 11 from from IN 31627 2575 12 grey grey NNP 31627 2575 13 to to IN 31627 2575 14 black black NNP 31627 2575 15 ; ; : 31627 2575 16 and and CC 31627 2575 17 under under IN 31627 2575 18 the the DT 31627 2575 19 microscope microscope NN 31627 2575 20 is be VBZ 31627 2575 21 seen see VBN 31627 2575 22 to to TO 31627 2575 23 contain contain VB 31627 2575 24 crystallites crystallite NNS 31627 2575 25 or or CC 31627 2575 26 microliths microlith NNS 31627 2575 27 , , , 31627 2575 28 often often RB 31627 2575 29 beautifully beautifully RB 31627 2575 30 arranged arrange VBD 31627 2575 31 in in IN 31627 2575 32 stellate stellate JJ 31627 2575 33 or or CC 31627 2575 34 feathery feathery JJ 31627 2575 35 groups group NNS 31627 2575 36 . . . 31627 2576 1 Spherulitic spherulitic JJ 31627 2576 2 structure structure NN 31627 2576 3 is be VBZ 31627 2576 4 not not RB 31627 2576 5 infrequent infrequent JJ 31627 2576 6 ; ; : 31627 2576 7 and and CC 31627 2576 8 occasionally occasionally RB 31627 2576 9 a a DT 31627 2576 10 few few JJ 31627 2576 11 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2576 12 of of IN 31627 2576 13 sanidine sanidine CD 31627 2576 14 , , , 31627 2576 15 augite augite JJ 31627 2576 16 , , , 31627 2576 17 or or CC 31627 2576 18 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 2576 19 are be VBP 31627 2576 20 to to TO 31627 2576 21 be be VB 31627 2576 22 seen see VBN 31627 2576 23 imbedded imbed VBN 31627 2576 24 in in IN 31627 2576 25 the the DT 31627 2576 26 glassy glassy JJ 31627 2576 27 ground ground NN 31627 2576 28 - - HYPH 31627 2576 29 mass mass NN 31627 2576 30 . . . 31627 2577 1 The the DT 31627 2577 2 rock rock NN 31627 2577 3 occurs occur VBZ 31627 2577 4 in in IN 31627 2577 5 dykes dyke NNS 31627 2577 6 and and CC 31627 2577 7 veins vein NNS 31627 2577 8 in in IN 31627 2577 9 the the DT 31627 2577 10 Western Western NNP 31627 2577 11 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 2577 12 of of IN 31627 2577 13 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 2577 14 , , , 31627 2577 15 in in IN 31627 2577 16 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 2577 17 , , , 31627 2577 18 and and CC 31627 2577 19 on on IN 31627 2577 20 the the DT 31627 2577 21 borders border NNS 31627 2577 22 of of IN 31627 2577 23 the the DT 31627 2577 24 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 2577 25 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 2577 26 , , , 31627 2577 27 near near IN 31627 2577 28 Newry Newry NNP 31627 2577 29 , , , 31627 2577 30 in in IN 31627 2577 31 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 2577 32 . . . 31627 2578 1 11 11 CD 31627 2578 2 . . . 31627 2579 1 GRANOPHYRE.--This granophyre.--this DT 31627 2579 2 term term NN 31627 2579 3 , , , 31627 2579 4 according accord VBG 31627 2579 5 to to IN 31627 2579 6 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 2579 7 , , , 31627 2579 8 embraces embrace VBZ 31627 2579 9 the the DT 31627 2579 10 greater great JJR 31627 2579 11 portion portion NN 31627 2579 12 of of IN 31627 2579 13 the the DT 31627 2579 14 acid acid JJ 31627 2579 15 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2579 16 rocks rock NNS 31627 2579 17 of of IN 31627 2579 18 the the DT 31627 2579 19 Inner Inner NNP 31627 2579 20 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 31627 2579 21 . . . 31627 2580 1 They -PRON- PRP 31627 2580 2 are be VBP 31627 2580 3 closely closely RB 31627 2580 4 allied allied JJ 31627 2580 5 to to IN 31627 2580 6 the the DT 31627 2580 7 quartz quartz NN 31627 2580 8 - - HYPH 31627 2580 9 porphyries porphyry NNS 31627 2580 10 , , , 31627 2580 11 and and CC 31627 2580 12 vary vary VBP 31627 2580 13 in in IN 31627 2580 14 texture texture NN 31627 2580 15 from from IN 31627 2580 16 a a DT 31627 2580 17 fine fine JJ 31627 2580 18 felsitic felsitic NN 31627 2580 19 or or CC 31627 2580 20 crystalline crystalline JJ 31627 2580 21 - - HYPH 31627 2580 22 granular granular JJ 31627 2580 23 quartz quartz NN 31627 2580 24 - - HYPH 31627 2580 25 porphyry porphyry NNP 31627 2580 26 , , , 31627 2580 27 in in IN 31627 2580 28 the the DT 31627 2580 29 ground ground NN 31627 2580 30 - - HYPH 31627 2580 31 mass mass NN 31627 2580 32 of of IN 31627 2580 33 which which WDT 31627 2580 34 porphyritic porphyritic JJ 31627 2580 35 turbid turbid NN 31627 2580 36 felspar felspar NNS 31627 2580 37 and and CC 31627 2580 38 quartz quartz NN 31627 2580 39 may may MD 31627 2580 40 generally generally RB 31627 2580 41 be be VB 31627 2580 42 detected detect VBN 31627 2580 43 , , , 31627 2580 44 to to IN 31627 2580 45 a a DT 31627 2580 46 granitoid granitoid NN 31627 2580 47 rock rock NN 31627 2580 48 of of IN 31627 2580 49 medium medium JJ 31627 2580 50 grain grain NN 31627 2580 51 , , , 31627 2580 52 in in IN 31627 2580 53 which which WDT 31627 2580 54 the the DT 31627 2580 55 component component NN 31627 2580 56 dull dull JJ 31627 2580 57 felspar felspar NNP 31627 2580 58 and and CC 31627 2580 59 clear clear JJ 31627 2580 60 quartz quartz NN 31627 2580 61 can can MD 31627 2580 62 be be VB 31627 2580 63 readily readily RB 31627 2580 64 distinguished distinguish VBN 31627 2580 65 by by IN 31627 2580 66 the the DT 31627 2580 67 naked naked JJ 31627 2580 68 eye eye NN 31627 2580 69 . . . 31627 2581 1 Throughout throughout IN 31627 2581 2 all all PDT 31627 2581 3 the the DT 31627 2581 4 varieties variety NNS 31627 2581 5 of of IN 31627 2581 6 texture texture NN 31627 2581 7 there there EX 31627 2581 8 is be VBZ 31627 2581 9 a a DT 31627 2581 10 strong strong JJ 31627 2581 11 tendency tendency NN 31627 2581 12 to to IN 31627 2581 13 the the DT 31627 2581 14 development development NN 31627 2581 15 of of IN 31627 2581 16 minute minute NN 31627 2581 17 irregularly irregularly RB 31627 2581 18 - - HYPH 31627 2581 19 shaped shape VBN 31627 2581 20 cavities cavity NNS 31627 2581 21 , , , 31627 2581 22 inside inside IN 31627 2581 23 of of IN 31627 2581 24 which which WDT 31627 2581 25 quartz quartz NN 31627 2581 26 or or CC 31627 2581 27 felspar felspar NNP 31627 2581 28 has have VBZ 31627 2581 29 crystallised crystallise VBN 31627 2581 30 out out RP 31627 2581 31 -- -- : 31627 2581 32 a a DT 31627 2581 33 feature feature NN 31627 2581 34 characteristic characteristic JJ 31627 2581 35 of of IN 31627 2581 36 the the DT 31627 2581 37 granites granite NNS 31627 2581 38 of of IN 31627 2581 39 Arran Arran NNP 31627 2581 40 and and CC 31627 2581 41 of of IN 31627 2581 42 the the DT 31627 2581 43 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 2581 44 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 2581 45 . . . 31627 2582 1 12 12 CD 31627 2582 2 . . . 31627 2583 1 GRANITE.--A granite.--a LS 31627 2583 2 true true JJ 31627 2583 3 granite granite NN 31627 2583 4 consists consist VBZ 31627 2583 5 of of IN 31627 2583 6 a a DT 31627 2583 7 crystalline crystalline JJ 31627 2583 8 - - HYPH 31627 2583 9 granular granular JJ 31627 2583 10 rock rock NN 31627 2583 11 consisting consisting NN 31627 2583 12 of of IN 31627 2583 13 quartz quartz NN 31627 2583 14 , , , 31627 2583 15 felspar felspar NNP 31627 2583 16 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2583 17 orthoclase orthoclase NNP 31627 2583 18 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2583 19 , , , 31627 2583 20 and and CC 31627 2583 21 mica mica NNP 31627 2583 22 ; ; : 31627 2583 23 the the DT 31627 2583 24 quartz quartz NN 31627 2583 25 is be VBZ 31627 2583 26 the the DT 31627 2583 27 paste paste NN 31627 2583 28 or or CC 31627 2583 29 ground ground NN 31627 2583 30 - - HYPH 31627 2583 31 mass mass NN 31627 2583 32 in in IN 31627 2583 33 which which WDT 31627 2583 34 the the DT 31627 2583 35 felspar felspar NNS 31627 2583 36 and and CC 31627 2583 37 mica mica NNP 31627 2583 38 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2583 39 are be VBP 31627 2583 40 enclosed enclose VBN 31627 2583 41 . . . 31627 2584 1 This this DT 31627 2584 2 is be VBZ 31627 2584 3 the the DT 31627 2584 4 essential essential JJ 31627 2584 5 distinction distinction NN 31627 2584 6 between between IN 31627 2584 7 a a DT 31627 2584 8 granite granite NN 31627 2584 9 and and CC 31627 2584 10 a a DT 31627 2584 11 quartz quartz NN 31627 2584 12 - - HYPH 31627 2584 13 porphyry porphyry NN 31627 2584 14 or or CC 31627 2584 15 a a DT 31627 2584 16 granophyre granophyre NN 31627 2584 17 . . . 31627 2585 1 Owing owe VBG 31627 2585 2 to to IN 31627 2585 3 the the DT 31627 2585 4 presence presence NN 31627 2585 5 of of IN 31627 2585 6 highly highly RB 31627 2585 7 - - HYPH 31627 2585 8 heated heated JJ 31627 2585 9 steam steam NN 31627 2585 10 under under IN 31627 2585 11 pressure pressure NN 31627 2585 12 in in IN 31627 2585 13 the the DT 31627 2585 14 body body NN 31627 2585 15 of of IN 31627 2585 16 the the DT 31627 2585 17 mass mass NN 31627 2585 18 when when WRB 31627 2585 19 in in IN 31627 2585 20 a a DT 31627 2585 21 molten molten JJ 31627 2585 22 condition condition NN 31627 2585 23 , , , 31627 2585 24 the the DT 31627 2585 25 quartz quartz NN 31627 2585 26 has have VBZ 31627 2585 27 been be VBN 31627 2585 28 the the DT 31627 2585 29 last last JJ 31627 2585 30 of of IN 31627 2585 31 the the DT 31627 2585 32 minerals mineral NNS 31627 2585 33 to to TO 31627 2585 34 crystallise crystallise VB 31627 2585 35 out out RP 31627 2585 36 , , , 31627 2585 37 and and CC 31627 2585 38 hence hence RB 31627 2585 39 does do VBZ 31627 2585 40 not not RB 31627 2585 41 itself -PRON- PRP 31627 2585 42 occur occur VB 31627 2585 43 with with IN 31627 2585 44 the the DT 31627 2585 45 crystalline crystalline NN 31627 2585 46 form form NN 31627 2585 47 . . . 31627 2586 1 True true JJ 31627 2586 2 granite granite NN 31627 2586 3 is be VBZ 31627 2586 4 not not RB 31627 2586 5 a a DT 31627 2586 6 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2586 7 rock rock NN 31627 2586 8 , , , 31627 2586 9 and and CC 31627 2586 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2586 11 representatives representative NNS 31627 2586 12 amongst amongst IN 31627 2586 13 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2586 14 ejecta ejecta NNP 31627 2586 15 are be VBP 31627 2586 16 to to TO 31627 2586 17 be be VB 31627 2586 18 found find VBN 31627 2586 19 in in IN 31627 2586 20 the the DT 31627 2586 21 granophyres granophyre NNS 31627 2586 22 , , , 31627 2586 23 quartz quartz NN 31627 2586 24 - - HYPH 31627 2586 25 porphyries porphyry NNS 31627 2586 26 , , , 31627 2586 27 felsites felsite NNS 31627 2586 28 , , , 31627 2586 29 trachytes trachyte NNS 31627 2586 30 , , , 31627 2586 31 and and CC 31627 2586 32 rhyolites rhyolite NNS 31627 2586 33 so so RB 31627 2586 34 abundant abundant JJ 31627 2586 35 in in IN 31627 2586 36 most most RBS 31627 2586 37 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2586 38 countries country NNS 31627 2586 39 , , , 31627 2586 40 and and CC 31627 2586 41 to to IN 31627 2586 42 one one CD 31627 2586 43 or or CC 31627 2586 44 other other JJ 31627 2586 45 of of IN 31627 2586 46 these these DT 31627 2586 47 the the DT 31627 2586 48 so so RB 31627 2586 49 - - HYPH 31627 2586 50 called call VBN 31627 2586 51 granites granite NNS 31627 2586 52 of of IN 31627 2586 53 the the DT 31627 2586 54 Mourne Mourne NNP 31627 2586 55 Mountains Mountains NNPS 31627 2586 56 , , , 31627 2586 57 of of IN 31627 2586 58 Arran Arran NNP 31627 2586 59 Island Island NNP 31627 2586 60 , , , 31627 2586 61 and and CC 31627 2586 62 of of IN 31627 2586 63 Skye Skye NNS 31627 2586 64 are be VBP 31627 2586 65 to to TO 31627 2586 66 be be VB 31627 2586 67 referred refer VBN 31627 2586 68 . . . 31627 2587 1 Granite Granite NNP 31627 2587 2 is be VBZ 31627 2587 3 a a DT 31627 2587 4 rock rock NN 31627 2587 5 which which WDT 31627 2587 6 has have VBZ 31627 2587 7 been be VBN 31627 2587 8 intruded intrude VBN 31627 2587 9 in in IN 31627 2587 10 a a DT 31627 2587 11 molten molten JJ 31627 2587 12 condition condition NN 31627 2587 13 amongst amongst IN 31627 2587 14 the the DT 31627 2587 15 deep deep RB 31627 2587 16 - - HYPH 31627 2587 17 seated seat VBN 31627 2587 18 parts part NNS 31627 2587 19 of of IN 31627 2587 20 the the DT 31627 2587 21 crust crust NN 31627 2587 22 , , , 31627 2587 23 and and CC 31627 2587 24 has have VBZ 31627 2587 25 consolidated consolidate VBN 31627 2587 26 under under IN 31627 2587 27 great great JJ 31627 2587 28 pressure pressure NN 31627 2587 29 in in IN 31627 2587 30 presence presence NN 31627 2587 31 of of IN 31627 2587 32 aqueous aqueous JJ 31627 2587 33 vapour vapour NN 31627 2587 34 and and CC 31627 2587 35 with with IN 31627 2587 36 extreme extreme JJ 31627 2587 37 slowness slowness NN 31627 2587 38 , , , 31627 2587 39 resulting result VBG 31627 2587 40 in in IN 31627 2587 41 the the DT 31627 2587 42 formation formation NN 31627 2587 43 of of IN 31627 2587 44 a a DT 31627 2587 45 rock rock NN 31627 2587 46 which which WDT 31627 2587 47 is be VBZ 31627 2587 48 largely largely RB 31627 2587 49 crystalline crystalline JJ 31627 2587 50 - - HYPH 31627 2587 51 granular granular JJ 31627 2587 52 . . . 31627 2588 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2588 2 presence presence NN 31627 2588 3 at at IN 31627 2588 4 the the DT 31627 2588 5 surface surface NN 31627 2588 6 is be VBZ 31627 2588 7 due due JJ 31627 2588 8 to to IN 31627 2588 9 denudation denudation NN 31627 2588 10 of of IN 31627 2588 11 the the DT 31627 2588 12 masses masse NNS 31627 2588 13 by by IN 31627 2588 14 which which WDT 31627 2588 15 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2588 16 was be VBD 31627 2588 17 originally originally RB 31627 2588 18 overspread overspread VBN 31627 2588 19 . . . 31627 2589 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2589 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 2589 3 : : : 31627 2589 4 Plate plate NN 31627 2589 5 I. i. NN 31627 2589 6 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2590 1 EXPLANATION explanation NN 31627 2590 2 OF of IN 31627 2590 3 PLATE PLATE NNP 31627 2590 4 I. i. NN 31627 2590 5 MAGNIFIED MAGNIFIED NNP 31627 2590 6 SECTIONS section VBZ 31627 2590 7 OF of IN 31627 2590 8 VESUVIAN vesuvian NN 31627 2590 9 MINERALS mineral NNS 31627 2590 10 . . . 31627 2591 1 Fig fig NN 31627 2591 2 . . . 31627 2592 1 1 1 LS 31627 2592 2 . . . 31627 2593 1 Section section NN 31627 2593 2 of of IN 31627 2593 3 leucite leucite JJ 31627 2593 4 crystal crystal NN 31627 2593 5 from from IN 31627 2593 6 the the DT 31627 2593 7 lava lava NN 31627 2593 8 of of IN 31627 2593 9 1868 1868 CD 31627 2593 10 , , , 31627 2593 11 with with IN 31627 2593 12 fluid fluid JJ 31627 2593 13 cavities cavity NNS 31627 2593 14 . . . 31627 2594 1 Mag Mag NNP 31627 2594 2 . . NNP 31627 2594 3 , , , 31627 2594 4 350 350 CD 31627 2594 5 diams diam NNS 31627 2594 6 . . . 31627 2594 7 " " '' 31627 2595 1 2 2 CD 31627 2595 2 , , , 31627 2595 3 3 3 CD 31627 2595 4 , , , 31627 2595 5 4 4 CD 31627 2595 6 , , , 31627 2595 7 and and CC 31627 2595 8 5 5 CD 31627 2595 9 . . . 31627 2596 1 Sections section NNS 31627 2596 2 of of IN 31627 2596 3 nepheline nepheline NN 31627 2596 4 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2596 5 from from IN 31627 2596 6 the the DT 31627 2596 7 lava lava NN 31627 2596 8 of of IN 31627 2596 9 1767 1767 CD 31627 2596 10 , , , 31627 2596 11 1834 1834 CD 31627 2596 12 , , , 31627 2596 13 and and CC 31627 2596 14 1854 1854 CD 31627 2596 15 . . . 31627 2596 16 " " '' 31627 2597 1 6 6 CD 31627 2597 2 . . . 31627 2598 1 Section section NN 31627 2598 2 of of IN 31627 2598 3 sodalite sodalite JJ 31627 2598 4 crystal crystal NN 31627 2598 5 from from IN 31627 2598 6 the the DT 31627 2598 7 lava lava NN 31627 2598 8 of of IN 31627 2598 9 1794 1794 CD 31627 2598 10 , , , 31627 2598 11 with with IN 31627 2598 12 belonites belonite NNS 31627 2598 13 and and CC 31627 2598 14 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2598 15 of of IN 31627 2598 16 magnetite magnetite NNP 31627 2598 17 enclosed enclose VBN 31627 2598 18 . . . 31627 2598 19 " " '' 31627 2599 1 7 7 CD 31627 2599 2 , , , 31627 2599 3 8 8 CD 31627 2599 4 , , , 31627 2599 5 9 9 CD 31627 2599 6 . . . 31627 2600 1 Crystals crystal NNS 31627 2600 2 of of IN 31627 2600 3 leucite leucite NN 31627 2600 4 with with IN 31627 2600 5 microliths microlith NNS 31627 2600 6 and and CC 31627 2600 7 cavities cavity NNS 31627 2600 8 darkened darken VBN 31627 2600 9 by by IN 31627 2600 10 magnetite magnetite JJ 31627 2600 11 dust dust NN 31627 2600 12 ; ; : 31627 2600 13 also also RB 31627 2600 14 , , , 31627 2600 15 containing contain VBG 31627 2600 16 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2600 17 of of IN 31627 2600 18 magnetite magnetite NN 31627 2600 19 . . . 31627 2600 20 " " '' 31627 2601 1 10 10 CD 31627 2601 2 . . . 31627 2602 1 Group Group NNP 31627 2602 2 of of IN 31627 2602 3 leucite leucite JJ 31627 2602 4 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2602 5 of of IN 31627 2602 6 irregular irregular JJ 31627 2602 7 form form NN 31627 2602 8 from from IN 31627 2602 9 the the DT 31627 2602 10 lava lava NN 31627 2602 11 of of IN 31627 2602 12 1855 1855 CD 31627 2602 13 , , , 31627 2602 14 congregated congregate VBD 31627 2602 15 around around IN 31627 2602 16 a a DT 31627 2602 17 nucleus nucleus NN 31627 2602 18 of of IN 31627 2602 19 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2602 20 of of IN 31627 2602 21 plagioclase plagioclase NNP 31627 2602 22 and and CC 31627 2602 23 magnetite magnetite NNP 31627 2602 24 . . . 31627 2603 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2603 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 2603 3 : : : 31627 2603 4 Plate Plate NNP 31627 2603 5 II II NNP 31627 2603 6 . . . 31627 2603 7 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2604 1 EXPLANATION explanation NN 31627 2604 2 OF of IN 31627 2604 3 PLATE PLATE NNP 31627 2604 4 II II NNP 31627 2604 5 . . . 31627 2605 1 MAGNIFIED MAGNIFIED NNP 31627 2605 2 SECTIONS section VBZ 31627 2605 3 OF of IN 31627 2605 4 VESUVIAN vesuvian NN 31627 2605 5 MINERALS mineral NNS 31627 2605 6 . . . 31627 2606 1 Fig fig NN 31627 2606 2 . . . 31627 2607 1 1 1 LS 31627 2607 2 . . . 31627 2608 1 Section section NN 31627 2608 2 of of IN 31627 2608 3 augite augite NNP 31627 2608 4 crystal crystal NN 31627 2608 5 from from IN 31627 2608 6 the the DT 31627 2608 7 lava lava NN 31627 2608 8 of of IN 31627 2608 9 1794 1794 CD 31627 2608 10 , , , 31627 2608 11 with with IN 31627 2608 12 numerous numerous JJ 31627 2608 13 gas gas NN 31627 2608 14 cells cell NNS 31627 2608 15 and and CC 31627 2608 16 delicately delicately RB 31627 2608 17 banded band VBN 31627 2608 18 walls wall NNS 31627 2608 19 . . . 31627 2609 1 The the DT 31627 2609 2 interior interior NN 31627 2609 3 contains contain VBZ 31627 2609 4 two two CD 31627 2609 5 long long JJ 31627 2609 6 prisms prism NNS 31627 2609 7 , , , 31627 2609 8 probably probably RB 31627 2609 9 of of IN 31627 2609 10 apatite apatite NN 31627 2609 11 . . . 31627 2609 12 " " '' 31627 2610 1 2 2 LS 31627 2610 2 . . . 31627 2611 1 Crystal crystal NN 31627 2611 2 of of IN 31627 2611 3 augite augite NNP 31627 2611 4 with with IN 31627 2611 5 banded banded JJ 31627 2611 6 walls wall NNS 31627 2611 7 , , , 31627 2611 8 and and CC 31627 2611 9 indented indent VBN 31627 2611 10 by by IN 31627 2611 11 leucite leucite JJ 31627 2611 12 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2611 13 , , , 31627 2611 14 from from IN 31627 2611 15 the the DT 31627 2611 16 lava lava NN 31627 2611 17 of of IN 31627 2611 18 1794 1794 CD 31627 2611 19 . . . 31627 2612 1 Mag Mag NNP 31627 2612 2 . . NNP 31627 2612 3 , , , 31627 2612 4 40 40 CD 31627 2612 5 diams diam NNS 31627 2612 6 . . . 31627 2612 7 " " '' 31627 2613 1 3 3 CD 31627 2613 2 , , , 31627 2613 3 4 4 CD 31627 2613 4 , , , 31627 2613 5 5 5 CD 31627 2613 6 . . . 31627 2614 1 Sections section NNS 31627 2614 2 of of IN 31627 2614 3 augite augite JJ 31627 2614 4 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2614 5 from from IN 31627 2614 6 the the DT 31627 2614 7 lavas lavas NNP 31627 2614 8 of of IN 31627 2614 9 1794 1794 CD 31627 2614 10 and and CC 31627 2614 11 1820 1820 CD 31627 2614 12 . . . 31627 2614 13 " " '' 31627 2615 1 6 6 CD 31627 2615 2 . . . 31627 2616 1 Group Group NNP 31627 2616 2 of of IN 31627 2616 3 augite augite NNP 31627 2616 4 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2616 5 from from IN 31627 2616 6 the the DT 31627 2616 7 lava lava NN 31627 2616 8 of of IN 31627 2616 9 1835 1835 CD 31627 2616 10 . . . 31627 2616 11 " " '' 31627 2617 1 7 7 LS 31627 2617 2 . . . 31627 2618 1 Ditto ditto NN 31627 2618 2 from from IN 31627 2618 3 the the DT 31627 2618 4 lava lava NN 31627 2618 5 of of IN 31627 2618 6 1822 1822 CD 31627 2618 7 , , , 31627 2618 8 with with IN 31627 2618 9 encluded enclude VBN 31627 2618 10 mica mica NNP 31627 2618 11 - - HYPH 31627 2618 12 flake flake NNP 31627 2618 13 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2618 14 _ _ NNP 31627 2618 15 a a DT 31627 2618 16 _ _ NNP 31627 2618 17 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2618 18 and and CC 31627 2618 19 portion portion NN 31627 2618 20 of of IN 31627 2618 21 the the DT 31627 2618 22 glass glass NN 31627 2618 23 paste paste NN 31627 2618 24 , , , 31627 2618 25 or or CC 31627 2618 26 ground ground NN 31627 2618 27 - - HYPH 31627 2618 28 mass mass NN 31627 2618 29 , , , 31627 2618 30 of of IN 31627 2618 31 the the DT 31627 2618 32 rock rock NN 31627 2618 33 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2618 34 _ _ NNP 31627 2618 35 b b NNP 31627 2618 36 _ _ NNP 31627 2618 37 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2618 38 , , , 31627 2618 39 containing contain VBG 31627 2618 40 microliths microlith NNS 31627 2618 41 and and CC 31627 2618 42 grains grain NNS 31627 2618 43 of of IN 31627 2618 44 magnetite magnetite NNP 31627 2618 45 . . . 31627 2619 1 Fig fig NN 31627 2619 2 . . . 31627 2620 1 8 8 LS 31627 2620 2 . . . 31627 2621 1 Two two CD 31627 2621 2 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2621 3 of of IN 31627 2621 4 olivine olivine NN 31627 2621 5 from from IN 31627 2621 6 the the DT 31627 2621 7 lava lava NN 31627 2621 8 of of IN 31627 2621 9 1855 1855 CD 31627 2621 10 ; ; : 31627 2621 11 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2621 12 are be VBP 31627 2621 13 intersected intersect VBN 31627 2621 14 on on IN 31627 2621 15 one one CD 31627 2621 16 side side NN 31627 2621 17 by by IN 31627 2621 18 the the DT 31627 2621 19 plane plane NN 31627 2621 20 of of IN 31627 2621 21 the the DT 31627 2621 22 thin thin JJ 31627 2621 23 section section NN 31627 2621 24 , , , 31627 2621 25 and and CC 31627 2621 26 are be VBP 31627 2621 27 remarkable remarkable JJ 31627 2621 28 for for IN 31627 2621 29 showing show VBG 31627 2621 30 lines line NNS 31627 2621 31 of of IN 31627 2621 32 gas gas NN 31627 2621 33 cells cell NNS 31627 2621 34 , , , 31627 2621 35 and and CC 31627 2621 36 bands band NNS 31627 2621 37 of of IN 31627 2621 38 growth growth NN 31627 2621 39 sometimes sometimes RB 31627 2621 40 cellular cellular JJ 31627 2621 41 . . . 31627 2622 1 Mag Mag NNP 31627 2622 2 . . NNP 31627 2622 3 , , , 31627 2622 4 40 40 CD 31627 2622 5 diams diam NNS 31627 2622 6 . . . 31627 2622 7 " " '' 31627 2623 1 9 9 CD 31627 2623 2 . . . 31627 2624 1 Section section NN 31627 2624 2 of of IN 31627 2624 3 rock rock NN 31627 2624 4 - - HYPH 31627 2624 5 crystal crystal NN 31627 2624 6 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2624 7 quartz quartz NNP 31627 2624 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2624 9 , , , 31627 2624 10 with with IN 31627 2624 11 double double JJ 31627 2624 12 terminal terminal JJ 31627 2624 13 pyramids pyramid NNS 31627 2624 14 , , , 31627 2624 15 from from IN 31627 2624 16 the the DT 31627 2624 17 lava lava NN 31627 2624 18 of of IN 31627 2624 19 1850 1850 CD 31627 2624 20 . . . 31627 2624 21 " " '' 31627 2625 1 10 10 CD 31627 2625 2 . . . 31627 2626 1 Twin twin JJ 31627 2626 2 crystal crystal NN 31627 2626 3 of of IN 31627 2626 4 sanidine sanidine JJS 31627 2626 5 from from IN 31627 2626 6 the the DT 31627 2626 7 lava lava NN 31627 2626 8 of of IN 31627 2626 9 1858 1858 CD 31627 2626 10 . . . 31627 2627 1 Mag Mag NNP 31627 2627 2 . . NNP 31627 2627 3 , , , 31627 2627 4 40 40 CD 31627 2627 5 diams diam NNS 31627 2627 6 . . . 31627 2627 7 " " '' 31627 2628 1 11 11 CD 31627 2628 2 , , , 31627 2628 3 12 12 CD 31627 2628 4 , , , 31627 2628 5 13 13 CD 31627 2628 6 . . . 31627 2629 1 Sections section NNS 31627 2629 2 of of IN 31627 2629 3 plagioclase plagioclase NN 31627 2629 4 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2629 5 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2629 6 probably probably RB 31627 2629 7 labradorite labradorite JJ 31627 2629 8 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2629 9 from from IN 31627 2629 10 the the DT 31627 2629 11 lava lava NN 31627 2629 12 of of IN 31627 2629 13 1855 1855 CD 31627 2629 14 . . . 31627 2630 1 Mag Mag NNP 31627 2630 2 . . NNP 31627 2630 3 , , , 31627 2630 4 100 100 CD 31627 2630 5 diams diam NNS 31627 2630 6 . . . 31627 2630 7 " " '' 31627 2631 1 14 14 CD 31627 2631 2 . . . 31627 2632 1 Section section NN 31627 2632 2 of of IN 31627 2632 3 olivine olivine JJ 31627 2632 4 crystal crystal NN 31627 2632 5 from from IN 31627 2632 6 the the DT 31627 2632 7 lava lava NN 31627 2632 8 of of IN 31627 2632 9 1631 1631 CD 31627 2632 10 - - HYPH 31627 2632 11 -imperfectly -imperfectly NN 31627 2632 12 formed form VBN 31627 2632 13 . . . 31627 2633 1 Mag Mag NNP 31627 2633 2 . . NNP 31627 2633 3 , , , 31627 2633 4 30 30 CD 31627 2633 5 diams diam NNS 31627 2633 6 . . . 31627 2633 7 " " '' 31627 2634 1 15 15 CD 31627 2634 2 . . . 31627 2635 1 Section section NN 31627 2635 2 of of IN 31627 2635 3 mica mica NN 31627 2635 4 - - HYPH 31627 2635 5 flake flake NNP 31627 2635 6 from from IN 31627 2635 7 the the DT 31627 2635 8 lava lava NN 31627 2635 9 of of IN 31627 2635 10 1822 1822 CD 31627 2635 11 . . . 31627 2636 1 Mag Mag NNP 31627 2636 2 . . NNP 31627 2636 3 , , , 31627 2636 4 30 30 CD 31627 2636 5 diams diam NNS 31627 2636 6 . . . 31627 2637 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2637 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 2637 3 : : : 31627 2637 4 Plate plate NN 31627 2637 5 III iii CD 31627 2637 6 . . . 31627 2637 7 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2638 1 EXPLANATION explanation NN 31627 2638 2 OF of IN 31627 2638 3 PLATE PLATE NNP 31627 2638 4 III iii CD 31627 2638 5 . . . 31627 2639 1 MAGNIFIED MAGNIFIED NNP 31627 2639 2 SECTIONS section VBZ 31627 2639 3 OF of IN 31627 2639 4 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 2639 5 ROCKS rock NNS 31627 2639 6 . . . 31627 2640 1 1 1 LS 31627 2640 2 . . . 31627 2641 1 Diorite diorite JJ 31627 2641 2 dyke dyke NN 31627 2641 3 , , , 31627 2641 4 traversing traverse VBG 31627 2641 5 Assynt Assynt NNP 31627 2641 6 limestone limestone NN 31627 2641 7 , , , 31627 2641 8 North North NNP 31627 2641 9 Highlands Highlands NNPS 31627 2641 10 . . . 31627 2642 1 2 2 LS 31627 2642 2 . . . 31627 2643 1 Basalt basalt NN 31627 2643 2 from from IN 31627 2643 3 upper upper JJ 31627 2643 4 beds bed NNS 31627 2643 5 , , , 31627 2643 6 near near IN 31627 2643 7 Giant Giant NNP 31627 2643 8 's 's POS 31627 2643 9 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 2643 10 , , , 31627 2643 11 County County NNP 31627 2643 12 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 2643 13 . . . 31627 2644 1 3 3 LS 31627 2644 2 . . . 31627 2645 1 Hornblende Hornblende NNP 31627 2645 2 - - HYPH 31627 2645 3 hypersthene hypersthene NN 31627 2645 4 - - HYPH 31627 2645 5 augite augite NNP 31627 2645 6 Andesite Andesite NNP 31627 2645 7 , , , 31627 2645 8 from from IN 31627 2645 9 Pichupichu Pichupichu NNP 31627 2645 10 , , , 31627 2645 11 Andes Andes NNP 31627 2645 12 . . . 31627 2646 1 4 4 LS 31627 2646 2 . . . 31627 2647 1 Augite Augite NNP 31627 2647 2 - - HYPH 31627 2647 3 Andesite Andesite NNP 31627 2647 4 from from IN 31627 2647 5 Pichupichu Pichupichu NNP 31627 2647 6 , , , 31627 2647 7 Andes Andes NNP 31627 2647 8 . . . 31627 2648 1 5 5 CD 31627 2648 2 . . . 31627 2649 1 Olivine olivine JJ 31627 2649 2 dolerite dolerite NN 31627 2649 3 , , , 31627 2649 4 with with IN 31627 2649 5 hornblende hornblende NNP 31627 2649 6 and and CC 31627 2649 7 biotite biotite NNP 31627 2649 8 , , , 31627 2649 9 Madagascar Madagascar NNP 31627 2649 10 . . . 31627 2650 1 6 6 CD 31627 2650 2 . . . 31627 2651 1 Leucite Leucite NNP 31627 2651 2 basalt basalt NN 31627 2651 3 , , , 31627 2651 4 with with IN 31627 2651 5 mellilite mellilite NN 31627 2651 6 , , , 31627 2651 7 Capo Capo NNP 31627 2651 8 di di FW 31627 2651 9 Bove Bove NNP 31627 2651 10 , , , 31627 2651 11 Italy Italy NNP 31627 2651 12 . . . 31627 2652 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2652 2 Illustration illustration NN 31627 2652 3 : : : 31627 2652 4 Plate Plate NNP 31627 2652 5 IV IV NNP 31627 2652 6 . . . 31627 2652 7 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2653 1 EXPLANATION explanation NN 31627 2653 2 OF of IN 31627 2653 3 PLATE PLATE NNP 31627 2653 4 IV IV NNP 31627 2653 5 . . . 31627 2654 1 MAGNIFIED MAGNIFIED NNP 31627 2654 2 SECTIONS section VBZ 31627 2654 3 OF of IN 31627 2654 4 VOLCANIC VOLCANIC NNP 31627 2654 5 ROCKS rock NNS 31627 2654 6 . . . 31627 2655 1 1 1 LS 31627 2655 2 . . . 31627 2656 1 Vesuvian vesuvian JJ 31627 2656 2 lava lava NN 31627 2656 3 , , , 31627 2656 4 glass glass NN 31627 2656 5 paste paste NN 31627 2656 6 with with IN 31627 2656 7 numerous numerous JJ 31627 2656 8 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2656 9 of of IN 31627 2656 10 leucite leucite NN 31627 2656 11 ; ; : 31627 2656 12 others other NNS 31627 2656 13 of of IN 31627 2656 14 augite augite NNP 31627 2656 15 and and CC 31627 2656 16 nepheline nepheline NNP 31627 2656 17 porphyritically porphyritically RB 31627 2656 18 developed developed JJ 31627 2656 19 ; ; : 31627 2656 20 also also RB 31627 2656 21 small small JJ 31627 2656 22 grains grain NNS 31627 2656 23 of of IN 31627 2656 24 magnetite magnetite NN 31627 2656 25 . . . 31627 2657 1 2 2 LS 31627 2657 2 . . . 31627 2658 1 Vesuvian vesuvian JJ 31627 2658 2 lava lava NN 31627 2658 3 , , , 31627 2658 4 glass glass NN 31627 2658 5 paste paste NN 31627 2658 6 with with IN 31627 2658 7 numerous numerous JJ 31627 2658 8 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2658 9 of of IN 31627 2658 10 leucite leucite NN 31627 2658 11 ; ; : 31627 2658 12 others other NNS 31627 2658 13 of of IN 31627 2658 14 olivine olivine NN 31627 2658 15 , , , 31627 2658 16 hornblende hornblende NN 31627 2658 17 , , , 31627 2658 18 and and CC 31627 2658 19 sanidine sanidine JJS 31627 2658 20 , , , 31627 2658 21 porphyritically porphyritically RB 31627 2658 22 developed developed JJ 31627 2658 23 ; ; : 31627 2658 24 small small JJ 31627 2658 25 grains grain NNS 31627 2658 26 of of IN 31627 2658 27 magnetite magnetite NN 31627 2658 28 . . . 31627 2659 1 3 3 LS 31627 2659 2 . . . 31627 2660 1 Trachyte trachyte NN 31627 2660 2 from from IN 31627 2660 3 Hungary Hungary NNP 31627 2660 4 ; ; : 31627 2660 5 felsitic felsitic JJ 31627 2660 6 paste paste NN 31627 2660 7 with with IN 31627 2660 8 crystals crystal NNS 31627 2660 9 of of IN 31627 2660 10 hornblende hornblende NNP 31627 2660 11 and and CC 31627 2660 12 sanidine sanidine JJS 31627 2660 13 , , , 31627 2660 14 and and CC 31627 2660 15 a a DT 31627 2660 16 little little JJ 31627 2660 17 magnetite magnetite NN 31627 2660 18 . . . 31627 2661 1 4 4 LS 31627 2661 2 . . . 31627 2662 1 Gabbro Gabbro NNP 31627 2662 2 , , , 31627 2662 3 from from IN 31627 2662 4 Carlingford Carlingford NNP 31627 2662 5 Hill Hill NNP 31627 2662 6 , , , 31627 2662 7 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 2662 8 , , , 31627 2662 9 consisting consist VBG 31627 2662 10 of of IN 31627 2662 11 anorthite anorthite NN 31627 2662 12 , , , 31627 2662 13 augite augite NNP 31627 2662 14 , , , 31627 2662 15 a a DT 31627 2662 16 little little JJ 31627 2662 17 olivine olivine NN 31627 2662 18 , , , 31627 2662 19 and and CC 31627 2662 20 magnetite magnetite JJ 31627 2662 21 . . . 31627 2663 1 5 5 CD 31627 2663 2 . . . 31627 2664 1 Dolerite Dolerite NNP 31627 2664 2 , , , 31627 2664 3 from from IN 31627 2664 4 old old JJ 31627 2664 5 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2664 6 neck neck NN 31627 2664 7 , , , 31627 2664 8 Scalot Scalot NNP 31627 2664 9 Hill Hill NNP 31627 2664 10 , , , 31627 2664 11 near near IN 31627 2664 12 Lame Lame NNP 31627 2664 13 , , , 31627 2664 14 consisting consist VBG 31627 2664 15 of of IN 31627 2664 16 labradorite labradorite JJ 31627 2664 17 , , , 31627 2664 18 augite augite JJ 31627 2664 19 , , , 31627 2664 20 olivine olivine JJ 31627 2664 21 , , , 31627 2664 22 and and CC 31627 2664 23 magnetite magnetite NNP 31627 2664 24 . . . 31627 2665 1 6 6 CD 31627 2665 2 . . . 31627 2666 1 Dolerite Dolerite NNP 31627 2666 2 , , , 31627 2666 3 Ballintoy Ballintoy NNP 31627 2666 4 , , , 31627 2666 5 County County NNP 31627 2666 6 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 2666 7 , , , 31627 2666 8 showing show VBG 31627 2666 9 ophetic ophetic JJ 31627 2666 10 structure structure NN 31627 2666 11 , , , 31627 2666 12 consisting consist VBG 31627 2666 13 of of IN 31627 2666 14 augite augite NNP 31627 2666 15 , , , 31627 2666 16 labradorite labradorite JJ 31627 2666 17 , , , 31627 2666 18 and and CC 31627 2666 19 magnetite magnetite NNP 31627 2666 20 . . . 31627 2667 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2667 2 1 1 LS 31627 2667 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2667 4 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 2667 5 S. S. NNP 31627 2667 6 Allport Allport NNP 31627 2667 7 has have VBZ 31627 2667 8 discovered discover VBN 31627 2667 9 this this DT 31627 2667 10 in in IN 31627 2667 11 the the DT 31627 2667 12 rock rock NN 31627 2667 13 called call VBD 31627 2667 14 the the DT 31627 2667 15 " " `` 31627 2667 16 Wolf Wolf NNP 31627 2667 17 Rock Rock NNP 31627 2667 18 " " '' 31627 2667 19 off off IN 31627 2667 20 the the DT 31627 2667 21 coast coast NN 31627 2667 22 of of IN 31627 2667 23 Cornwall Cornwall NNP 31627 2667 24 . . . 31627 2668 1 The the DT 31627 2668 2 most most RBS 31627 2668 3 important important JJ 31627 2668 4 work work NN 31627 2668 5 on on IN 31627 2668 6 basalt basalt NN 31627 2668 7 is be VBZ 31627 2668 8 that that IN 31627 2668 9 by by IN 31627 2668 10 F. F. NNP 31627 2668 11 Zirkel Zirkel NNP 31627 2668 12 , , , 31627 2668 13 _ _ NNP 31627 2668 14 Unters Unters NNP 31627 2668 15 . . . 31627 2669 1 über über NNP 31627 2669 2 mikros mikros NNP 31627 2669 3 . . . 31627 2670 1 Zusammensetzung Zusammensetzung NNP 31627 2670 2 und und JJ 31627 2670 3 Structur Structur NNP 31627 2670 4 der der NN 31627 2670 5 Basaltgesteine Basaltgesteine NNP 31627 2670 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2670 7 . . . 31627 2671 1 Bonn Bonn NNP 31627 2671 2 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2671 3 1870 1870 CD 31627 2671 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2671 5 . . . 31627 2672 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2672 2 2 2 LS 31627 2672 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2672 4 Zirkel Zirkel NNP 31627 2672 5 , , , 31627 2672 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2672 7 Die Die NNP 31627 2672 8 mikroskopische mikroskopische NNP 31627 2672 9 Beschaffenheit Beschaffenheit NNP 31627 2672 10 der der VBD 31627 2672 11 Mineralien Mineralien NNP 31627 2672 12 und und JJ 31627 2672 13 Gesteine Gesteine NNP 31627 2672 14 _ _ NNP 31627 2672 15 , , , 31627 2672 16 p. p. NN 31627 2672 17 153 153 CD 31627 2672 18 . . . 31627 2673 1 Leipsig Leipsig NNP 31627 2673 2 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2673 3 1873 1873 CD 31627 2673 4 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2673 5 . . . 31627 2674 1 [ [ -LRB- 31627 2674 2 3 3 LS 31627 2674 3 ] ] -RRB- 31627 2674 4 Zirkel Zirkel NNP 31627 2674 5 , , , 31627 2674 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2674 7 Petrog Petrog NNP 31627 2674 8 . . . 31627 2674 9 _ _ NNP 31627 2674 10 , , , 31627 2674 11 i. i. NNP 31627 2675 1 578 578 CD 31627 2675 2 ; ; : 31627 2675 3 B. B. NNP 31627 2675 4 von von NNP 31627 2675 5 Cotta Cotta NNP 31627 2675 6 , , , 31627 2675 7 p. p. NN 31627 2675 8 178 178 CD 31627 2675 9 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2675 10 Eng Eng NNP 31627 2675 11 . . . 31627 2676 1 Trans trans UH 31627 2676 2 . . . 31627 2676 3 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2676 4 . . . 31627 2677 1 INDEX index NN 31627 2677 2 . . . 31627 2678 1 INDEX index NN 31627 2678 2 . . . 31627 2679 1 Abyssinian abyssinian JJ 31627 2679 2 table table NN 31627 2679 3 - - HYPH 31627 2679 4 lands land NNS 31627 2679 5 , , , 31627 2679 6 190 190 CD 31627 2679 7 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 8 et et NNP 31627 2679 9 seq seq NN 31627 2679 10 . . . 31627 2679 11 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 12 Albano Albano NNP 31627 2679 13 , , , 31627 2679 14 Lake Lake NNP 31627 2679 15 , , , 31627 2679 16 89 89 CD 31627 2679 17 America America NNP 31627 2679 18 , , , 31627 2679 19 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2679 20 regions region NNS 31627 2679 21 of of IN 31627 2679 22 North North NNP 31627 2679 23 , , , 31627 2679 24 136 136 CD 31627 2679 25 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 26 et et NNP 31627 2679 27 seq seq NN 31627 2679 28 . . . 31627 2679 29 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 30 ; ; : 31627 2679 31 of of IN 31627 2679 32 Western western JJ 31627 2679 33 , , , 31627 2679 34 144 144 CD 31627 2679 35 Andes Andes NNP 31627 2679 36 , , , 31627 2679 37 18 18 CD 31627 2679 38 , , , 31627 2679 39 27 27 CD 31627 2679 40 , , , 31627 2679 41 227 227 CD 31627 2679 42 , , , 31627 2679 43 254 254 CD 31627 2679 44 Andesite Andesite NNP 31627 2679 45 , , , 31627 2679 46 263 263 CD 31627 2679 47 Antrim Antrim NNP 31627 2679 48 , , , 31627 2679 49 154 154 CD 31627 2679 50 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 51 et et NNP 31627 2679 52 seq seq NN 31627 2679 53 . . . 31627 2679 54 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 55 Arabia Arabia NNP 31627 2679 56 , , , 31627 2679 57 dormant dormant JJ 31627 2679 58 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2679 59 of of IN 31627 2679 60 , , , 31627 2679 61 126 126 CD 31627 2679 62 - - SYM 31627 2679 63 135 135 CD 31627 2679 64 Arabian arabian JJ 31627 2679 65 desert desert NN 31627 2679 66 , , , 31627 2679 67 134 134 CD 31627 2679 68 Archibald Archibald NNP 31627 2679 69 , , , 31627 2679 70 C. C. NNP 31627 2679 71 D. D. NNP 31627 2679 72 , , , 31627 2679 73 213 213 CD 31627 2679 74 Arizona Arizona NNP 31627 2679 75 , , , 31627 2679 76 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2679 77 of of IN 31627 2679 78 , , , 31627 2679 79 137 137 CD 31627 2679 80 Argyll Argyll NNP 31627 2679 81 , , , 31627 2679 82 Duke Duke NNP 31627 2679 83 of of IN 31627 2679 84 , , , 31627 2679 85 173 173 CD 31627 2679 86 Ascension ascension NN 31627 2679 87 , , , 31627 2679 88 36 36 CD 31627 2679 89 Ashangi Ashangi NNP 31627 2679 90 , , , 31627 2679 91 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2679 92 series series NN 31627 2679 93 of of IN 31627 2679 94 , , , 31627 2679 95 192 192 CD 31627 2679 96 Atmospheric atmospheric JJ 31627 2679 97 effects effect NNS 31627 2679 98 of of IN 31627 2679 99 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2679 100 eruption eruption NN 31627 2679 101 , , , 31627 2679 102 213 213 CD 31627 2679 103 - - SYM 31627 2679 104 214 214 CD 31627 2679 105 Auckland Auckland NNP 31627 2679 106 district district NN 31627 2679 107 , , , 31627 2679 108 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2679 109 of of IN 31627 2679 110 , , , 31627 2679 111 147 147 CD 31627 2679 112 Auvergne Auvergne NNP 31627 2679 113 , , , 31627 2679 114 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2679 115 regions region NNS 31627 2679 116 of of IN 31627 2679 117 , , , 31627 2679 118 14 14 CD 31627 2679 119 , , , 31627 2679 120 16 16 CD 31627 2679 121 , , , 31627 2679 122 92 92 CD 31627 2679 123 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 124 et et NNP 31627 2679 125 seq seq NN 31627 2679 126 . . . 31627 2679 127 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 128 Azores Azores NNPS 31627 2679 129 , , , 31627 2679 130 32 32 CD 31627 2679 131 Ball Ball NNP 31627 2679 132 , , , 31627 2679 133 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2679 134 R. R. NNP 31627 2679 135 S. S. NNP 31627 2679 136 , , , 31627 2679 137 242 242 CD 31627 2679 138 , , , 31627 2679 139 244 244 CD 31627 2679 140 Basalt basalt CD 31627 2679 141 , , , 31627 2679 142 260 260 CD 31627 2679 143 Blanford Blanford NNP 31627 2679 144 , , , 31627 2679 145 W. W. NNP 31627 2679 146 T. T. NNP 31627 2679 147 , , , 31627 2679 148 188 188 CD 31627 2679 149 , , , 31627 2679 150 189 189 CD 31627 2679 151 Bonneville Bonneville NNP 31627 2679 152 , , , 31627 2679 153 Lake Lake NNP 31627 2679 154 , , , 31627 2679 155 141 141 CD 31627 2679 156 - - SYM 31627 2679 157 142 142 CD 31627 2679 158 British british JJ 31627 2679 159 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 2679 160 , , , 31627 2679 161 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 2679 162 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2679 163 districts district NNS 31627 2679 164 of of IN 31627 2679 165 , , , 31627 2679 166 154 154 CD 31627 2679 167 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 168 et et NNP 31627 2679 169 seq seq NN 31627 2679 170 . . . 31627 2679 171 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 172 , , , 31627 2679 173 227 227 CD 31627 2679 174 ; ; : 31627 2679 175 pre pre JJ 31627 2679 176 - - JJ 31627 2679 177 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 2679 178 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2679 179 districts district NNS 31627 2679 180 of of IN 31627 2679 181 , , , 31627 2679 182 196 196 CD 31627 2679 183 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 184 et et NNP 31627 2679 185 seq seq NN 31627 2679 186 . . . 31627 2679 187 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 188 Buch Buch NNP 31627 2679 189 , , , 31627 2679 190 L. L. NNP 31627 2679 191 von von NNP 31627 2679 192 , , , 31627 2679 193 6 6 CD 31627 2679 194 , , , 31627 2679 195 11 11 CD 31627 2679 196 , , , 31627 2679 197 24 24 CD 31627 2679 198 California California NNP 31627 2679 199 , , , 31627 2679 200 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2679 201 of of IN 31627 2679 202 , , , 31627 2679 203 140 140 CD 31627 2679 204 Callirrhoë Callirrhoë NNP 31627 2679 205 , , , 31627 2679 206 springs spring NNS 31627 2679 207 of of IN 31627 2679 208 , , , 31627 2679 209 133 133 CD 31627 2679 210 Cañon Cañon NNP 31627 2679 211 , , , 31627 2679 212 the the DT 31627 2679 213 Grand Grand NNP 31627 2679 214 , , , 31627 2679 215 138 138 CD 31627 2679 216 Cantal Cantal NNP 31627 2679 217 , , , 31627 2679 218 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2679 219 of of IN 31627 2679 220 the the DT 31627 2679 221 , , , 31627 2679 222 99 99 CD 31627 2679 223 - - SYM 31627 2679 224 101 101 CD 31627 2679 225 Cape Cape NNP 31627 2679 226 Colony Colony NNP 31627 2679 227 , , , 31627 2679 228 Basalts Basalts NNP 31627 2679 229 of of IN 31627 2679 230 , , , 31627 2679 231 194 194 CD 31627 2679 232 Charleston Charleston NNP 31627 2679 233 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2679 234 , , , 31627 2679 235 218 218 CD 31627 2679 236 , , , 31627 2679 237 222 222 CD 31627 2679 238 , , , 31627 2679 239 224 224 CD 31627 2679 240 Chambers Chambers NNPS 31627 2679 241 , , , 31627 2679 242 G. G. NNP 31627 2679 243 F. F. NNP 31627 2679 244 , , , 31627 2679 245 246 246 CD 31627 2679 246 Charnwood Charnwood NNP 31627 2679 247 Forest Forest NNP 31627 2679 248 , , , 31627 2679 249 198 198 CD 31627 2679 250 Chimborazo Chimborazo NNP 31627 2679 251 , , , 31627 2679 252 18 18 CD 31627 2679 253 Clermont Clermont NNP 31627 2679 254 , , , 31627 2679 255 vale vale NN 31627 2679 256 of of IN 31627 2679 257 , , , 31627 2679 258 96 96 CD 31627 2679 259 - - SYM 31627 2679 260 97 97 CD 31627 2679 261 Clinkstone Clinkstone NNP 31627 2679 262 , , , 31627 2679 263 263 263 CD 31627 2679 264 Cordilleras Cordilleras NNP 31627 2679 265 of of IN 31627 2679 266 Quito Quito NNP 31627 2679 267 , , , 31627 2679 268 25 25 CD 31627 2679 269 Cotopaxi Cotopaxi NNP 31627 2679 270 , , , 31627 2679 271 16 16 CD 31627 2679 272 - - SYM 31627 2679 273 18 18 CD 31627 2679 274 , , , 31627 2679 275 24 24 CD 31627 2679 276 , , , 31627 2679 277 26 26 CD 31627 2679 278 Crater Crater NNP 31627 2679 279 - - HYPH 31627 2679 280 cones cone NNS 31627 2679 281 , , , 31627 2679 282 Lava Lava NNP 31627 2679 283 , , , 31627 2679 284 19 19 CD 31627 2679 285 Crateriform Crateriform NNP 31627 2679 286 cones cone NNS 31627 2679 287 , , , 31627 2679 288 13 13 CD 31627 2679 289 Craterless Craterless NNP 31627 2679 290 domes dome NNS 31627 2679 291 , , , 31627 2679 292 15 15 CD 31627 2679 293 Dana Dana NNP 31627 2679 294 , , , 31627 2679 295 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2679 296 J. J. NNP 31627 2679 297 D. D. NNP 31627 2679 298 , , , 31627 2679 299 19 19 CD 31627 2679 300 , , , 31627 2679 301 39 39 CD 31627 2679 302 , , , 31627 2679 303 249 249 CD 31627 2679 304 Darwin Darwin NNP 31627 2679 305 , , , 31627 2679 306 28 28 CD 31627 2679 307 , , , 31627 2679 308 30 30 CD 31627 2679 309 Darwin Darwin NNP 31627 2679 310 , , , 31627 2679 311 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2679 312 G. G. NNP 31627 2679 313 H. H. NNP 31627 2679 314 , , , 31627 2679 315 9 9 CD 31627 2679 316 , , , 31627 2679 317 231 231 CD 31627 2679 318 Daubeny Daubeny NNP 31627 2679 319 , , , 31627 2679 320 7 7 CD 31627 2679 321 , , , 31627 2679 322 61 61 CD 31627 2679 323 , , , 31627 2679 324 69 69 CD 31627 2679 325 Davison Davison NNP 31627 2679 326 , , , 31627 2679 327 C. C. NNP 31627 2679 328 , , , 31627 2679 329 9 9 CD 31627 2679 330 , , , 31627 2679 331 231 231 CD 31627 2679 332 Davy Davy NNP 31627 2679 333 , , , 31627 2679 334 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2679 335 H. H. NNP 31627 2679 336 , , , 31627 2679 337 11 11 CD 31627 2679 338 Deccan deccan JJ 31627 2679 339 trap trap NN 31627 2679 340 - - HYPH 31627 2679 341 series series NN 31627 2679 342 , , , 31627 2679 343 187 187 CD 31627 2679 344 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 345 et et NNP 31627 2679 346 seq seq NN 31627 2679 347 . . . 31627 2679 348 _ _ NNP 31627 2679 349 Demavend Demavend NNP 31627 2679 350 , , , 31627 2679 351 Mount Mount NNP 31627 2679 352 , , , 31627 2679 353 24 24 CD 31627 2679 354 Diabase Diabase NNP 31627 2679 355 , , , 31627 2679 356 262 262 CD 31627 2679 357 Diorite Diorite NNP 31627 2679 358 , , , 31627 2679 359 261 261 CD 31627 2679 360 Dolerite Dolerite NNP 31627 2679 361 , , , 31627 2679 362 261 261 CD 31627 2679 363 Domite Domite NNP 31627 2679 364 , , , 31627 2679 365 263 263 CD 31627 2679 366 Dore Dore NNS 31627 2679 367 , , , 31627 2679 368 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2679 369 of of IN 31627 2679 370 Mont Mont NNP 31627 2679 371 , , , 31627 2679 372 100 100 CD 31627 2679 373 - - SYM 31627 2679 374 101 101 CD 31627 2679 375 Doughty Doughty NNP 31627 2679 376 , , , 31627 2679 377 C. C. NNP 31627 2679 378 M. M. NNP 31627 2679 379 , , , 31627 2679 380 127 127 CD 31627 2679 381 Durocher Durocher NNP 31627 2679 382 , , , 31627 2679 383 232 232 CD 31627 2679 384 Dutton Dutton NNP 31627 2679 385 , , , 31627 2679 386 Capt Capt NNP 31627 2679 387 . . . 31627 2680 1 C. C. NNP 31627 2680 2 E. E. NNP 31627 2680 3 , , , 31627 2680 4 9 9 CD 31627 2680 5 , , , 31627 2680 6 220 220 CD 31627 2680 7 , , , 31627 2680 8 222 222 CD 31627 2680 9 Dykes Dykes NNPS 31627 2680 10 in in IN 31627 2680 11 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 2680 12 , , , 31627 2680 13 169 169 CD 31627 2680 14 - - SYM 31627 2680 15 170 170 CD 31627 2680 16 Earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 2680 17 , , , 31627 2680 18 217 217 CD 31627 2680 19 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 20 et et NNP 31627 2680 21 seq seq NN 31627 2680 22 . . . 31627 2680 23 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 24 Errigal Errigal NNP 31627 2680 25 , , , 31627 2680 26 10 10 CD 31627 2680 27 Etna Etna NNP 31627 2680 28 , , , 31627 2680 29 14 14 CD 31627 2680 30 , , , 31627 2680 31 61 61 CD 31627 2680 32 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 33 et et NNP 31627 2680 34 seq seq NN 31627 2680 35 . . . 31627 2680 36 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 37 , , , 31627 2680 38 229 229 CD 31627 2680 39 Fingal Fingal NNP 31627 2680 40 's 's POS 31627 2680 41 Cave Cave NNP 31627 2680 42 , , , 31627 2680 43 185 185 CD 31627 2680 44 Forbes Forbes NNPS 31627 2680 45 , , , 31627 2680 46 D. D. NNP 31627 2680 47 , , , 31627 2680 48 27 27 CD 31627 2680 49 France France NNP 31627 2680 50 , , , 31627 2680 51 extinct extinct JJ 31627 2680 52 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 53 of of IN 31627 2680 54 , , , 31627 2680 55 92 92 CD 31627 2680 56 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 57 et et NNP 31627 2680 58 seq seq NN 31627 2680 59 . . . 31627 2680 60 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 61 Gabbro Gabbro NNP 31627 2680 62 , , , 31627 2680 63 261 261 CD 31627 2680 64 Gardner Gardner NNP 31627 2680 65 , , , 31627 2680 66 J. J. NNP 31627 2680 67 S. S. NNP 31627 2680 68 , , , 31627 2680 69 156 156 CD 31627 2680 70 Geikie Geikie NNP 31627 2680 71 , , , 31627 2680 72 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2680 73 A. A. NNP 31627 2680 74 , , , 31627 2680 75 8 8 CD 31627 2680 76 , , , 31627 2680 77 29 29 CD 31627 2680 78 , , , 31627 2680 79 143 143 CD 31627 2680 80 , , , 31627 2680 81 156 156 CD 31627 2680 82 , , , 31627 2680 83 160 160 CD 31627 2680 84 , , , 31627 2680 85 169 169 CD 31627 2680 86 , , , 31627 2680 87 172 172 CD 31627 2680 88 , , , 31627 2680 89 176 176 CD 31627 2680 90 , , , 31627 2680 91 177 177 CD 31627 2680 92 , , , 31627 2680 93 196 196 CD 31627 2680 94 Giant Giant NNP 31627 2680 95 's 's POS 31627 2680 96 Causeway Causeway NNP 31627 2680 97 , , , 31627 2680 98 165 165 CD 31627 2680 99 - - SYM 31627 2680 100 166 166 CD 31627 2680 101 Granite Granite NNP 31627 2680 102 , , , 31627 2680 103 264 264 CD 31627 2680 104 Granophyre Granophyre NNP 31627 2680 105 , , , 31627 2680 106 264 264 CD 31627 2680 107 ; ; : 31627 2680 108 of of IN 31627 2680 109 Mull Mull NNP 31627 2680 110 , , , 31627 2680 111 174 174 CD 31627 2680 112 Green Green NNP 31627 2680 113 , , , 31627 2680 114 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2680 115 A. a. NN 31627 2680 116 H. H. NNP 31627 2680 117 , , , 31627 2680 118 194 194 CD 31627 2680 119 Hatch Hatch NNP 31627 2680 120 , , , 31627 2680 121 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 2680 122 , , , 31627 2680 123 260 260 CD 31627 2680 124 Haughton Haughton NNP 31627 2680 125 , , , 31627 2680 126 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2680 127 , , , 31627 2680 128 68 68 CD 31627 2680 129 Haurân Haurân NNP 31627 2680 130 , , , 31627 2680 131 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 132 of of IN 31627 2680 133 the the DT 31627 2680 134 , , , 31627 2680 135 22 22 CD 31627 2680 136 , , , 31627 2680 137 129 129 CD 31627 2680 138 Haute Haute NNP 31627 2680 139 Loire Loire NNP 31627 2680 140 , , , 31627 2680 141 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2680 142 districts district NNS 31627 2680 143 of of IN 31627 2680 144 , , , 31627 2680 145 101 101 CD 31627 2680 146 - - SYM 31627 2680 147 105 105 CD 31627 2680 148 Hawaii Hawaii NNPS 31627 2680 149 , , , 31627 2680 150 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 151 of of IN 31627 2680 152 , , , 31627 2680 153 39 39 CD 31627 2680 154 , , , 31627 2680 155 249 249 CD 31627 2680 156 , , , 31627 2680 157 251 251 CD 31627 2680 158 Hecla Hecla NNP 31627 2680 159 , , , 31627 2680 160 32 32 CD 31627 2680 161 Herschel Herschel NNP 31627 2680 162 , , , 31627 2680 163 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2680 164 J. J. NNP 31627 2680 165 , , , 31627 2680 166 244 244 CD 31627 2680 167 Hibbert Hibbert NNP 31627 2680 168 , , , 31627 2680 169 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 2680 170 S. S. NNP 31627 2680 171 , , , 31627 2680 172 6 6 CD 31627 2680 173 , , , 31627 2680 174 114 114 CD 31627 2680 175 , , , 31627 2680 176 124 124 CD 31627 2680 177 Hochstetter Hochstetter NNP 31627 2680 178 , , , 31627 2680 179 F. F. NNP 31627 2680 180 von von NNP 31627 2680 181 , , , 31627 2680 182 147 147 CD 31627 2680 183 Hopkins Hopkins NNP 31627 2680 184 , , , 31627 2680 185 171 171 CD 31627 2680 186 , , , 31627 2680 187 217 217 CD 31627 2680 188 Hull Hull NNP 31627 2680 189 , , , 31627 2680 190 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 2680 191 E. E. NNP 31627 2680 192 G. G. NNP 31627 2680 193 , , , 31627 2680 194 110 110 CD 31627 2680 195 Humboldt Humboldt NNP 31627 2680 196 , , , 31627 2680 197 A. A. NNP 31627 2680 198 von von NNP 31627 2680 199 , , , 31627 2680 200 20 20 CD 31627 2680 201 , , , 31627 2680 202 25 25 CD 31627 2680 203 Hutton Hutton NNP 31627 2680 204 , , , 31627 2680 205 James James NNP 31627 2680 206 , , , 31627 2680 207 5 5 CD 31627 2680 208 Iceland Iceland NNP 31627 2680 209 , , , 31627 2680 210 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 211 of of IN 31627 2680 212 , , , 31627 2680 213 30 30 CD 31627 2680 214 - - SYM 31627 2680 215 32 32 CD 31627 2680 216 Ireland Ireland NNP 31627 2680 217 , , , 31627 2680 218 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2680 219 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 2680 220 rocks rock NNS 31627 2680 221 of of IN 31627 2680 222 , , , 31627 2680 223 154 154 CD 31627 2680 224 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 225 et et NNP 31627 2680 226 seq seq NN 31627 2680 227 . . . 31627 2680 228 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 229 Jaulân Jaulân NNP 31627 2680 230 , , , 31627 2680 231 129 129 CD 31627 2680 232 Johnston Johnston NNP 31627 2680 233 - - HYPH 31627 2680 234 Lavis Lavis NNP 31627 2680 235 , , , 31627 2680 236 52 52 CD 31627 2680 237 Jordan Jordan NNP 31627 2680 238 valley valley NN 31627 2680 239 , , , 31627 2680 240 126 126 CD 31627 2680 241 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 242 et et NNP 31627 2680 243 seq seq NN 31627 2680 244 . . . 31627 2680 245 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 246 , , , 31627 2680 247 226 226 CD 31627 2680 248 Jorullo Jorullo NNP 31627 2680 249 , , , 31627 2680 250 24 24 CD 31627 2680 251 Judd Judd NNP 31627 2680 252 , , , 31627 2680 253 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2680 254 , , , 31627 2680 255 8 8 CD 31627 2680 256 , , , 31627 2680 257 68 68 CD 31627 2680 258 , , , 31627 2680 259 69 69 CD 31627 2680 260 , , , 31627 2680 261 71 71 CD 31627 2680 262 , , , 31627 2680 263 172 172 CD 31627 2680 264 , , , 31627 2680 265 178 178 CD 31627 2680 266 , , , 31627 2680 267 208 208 CD 31627 2680 268 Krakatoa Krakatoa NNP 31627 2680 269 , , , 31627 2680 270 eruption eruption NN 31627 2680 271 of of IN 31627 2680 272 , , , 31627 2680 273 206 206 CD 31627 2680 274 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 275 et et NNP 31627 2680 276 seq seq NN 31627 2680 277 . . . 31627 2680 278 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 279 Kurile Kurile NNP 31627 2680 280 Islands Islands NNP 31627 2680 281 , , , 31627 2680 282 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 283 of of IN 31627 2680 284 , , , 31627 2680 285 28 28 CD 31627 2680 286 Laacher Laacher NNP 31627 2680 287 See See NNP 31627 2680 288 , , , 31627 2680 289 121 121 CD 31627 2680 290 - - SYM 31627 2680 291 123 123 CD 31627 2680 292 Lampophyre Lampophyre NNP 31627 2680 293 , , , 31627 2680 294 262 262 CD 31627 2680 295 Lancerote Lancerote NNP 31627 2680 296 , , , 31627 2680 297 34 34 CD 31627 2680 298 Lasaulx Lasaulx NNP 31627 2680 299 , , , 31627 2680 300 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2680 301 von von NNP 31627 2680 302 , , , 31627 2680 303 68 68 CD 31627 2680 304 Lavas Lavas NNP 31627 2680 305 , , , 31627 2680 306 relative relative JJ 31627 2680 307 density density NN 31627 2680 308 of of IN 31627 2680 309 , , , 31627 2680 310 232 232 CD 31627 2680 311 - - SYM 31627 2680 312 234 234 CD 31627 2680 313 Lima Lima NNP 31627 2680 314 in in IN 31627 2680 315 1746 1746 CD 31627 2680 316 , , , 31627 2680 317 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2680 318 of of IN 31627 2680 319 , , , 31627 2680 320 222 222 CD 31627 2680 321 Lipari Lipari NNP 31627 2680 322 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 2680 323 , , , 31627 2680 324 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 325 of of IN 31627 2680 326 , , , 31627 2680 327 69 69 CD 31627 2680 328 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 329 et et NNP 31627 2680 330 seq seq NN 31627 2680 331 . . . 31627 2680 332 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 333 Lisbon Lisbon NNP 31627 2680 334 , , , 31627 2680 335 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2680 336 of of IN 31627 2680 337 , , , 31627 2680 338 221 221 CD 31627 2680 339 Lister Lister NNP 31627 2680 340 , , , 31627 2680 341 J. J. NNP 31627 2680 342 J. J. NNP 31627 2680 343 , , , 31627 2680 344 38 38 CD 31627 2680 345 Lunar lunar JJ 31627 2680 346 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 347 , , , 31627 2680 348 236 236 CD 31627 2680 349 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 350 et et NNP 31627 2680 351 seq seq NN 31627 2680 352 . . . 31627 2680 353 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 354 Lyell Lyell NNP 31627 2680 355 , , , 31627 2680 356 Sir Sir NNP 31627 2680 357 C. C. NNP 31627 2680 358 , , , 31627 2680 359 30 30 CD 31627 2680 360 , , , 31627 2680 361 62 62 CD 31627 2680 362 , , , 31627 2680 363 78 78 CD 31627 2680 364 , , , 31627 2680 365 217 217 CD 31627 2680 366 Mackowen Mackowen NNP 31627 2680 367 , , , 31627 2680 368 Col Col NNP 31627 2680 369 . . NNP 31627 2680 370 , , , 31627 2680 371 74 74 CD 31627 2680 372 Magdala Magdala NNP 31627 2680 373 , , , 31627 2680 374 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2680 375 series series NN 31627 2680 376 of of IN 31627 2680 377 , , , 31627 2680 378 192 192 CD 31627 2680 379 - - SYM 31627 2680 380 193 193 CD 31627 2680 381 Mallet Mallet NNP 31627 2680 382 , , , 31627 2680 383 R. R. NNP 31627 2680 384 , , , 31627 2680 385 9 9 CD 31627 2680 386 , , , 31627 2680 387 217 217 CD 31627 2680 388 Mauna Mauna NNP 31627 2680 389 Loa Loa NNP 31627 2680 390 , , , 31627 2680 391 19 19 CD 31627 2680 392 , , , 31627 2680 393 39 39 CD 31627 2680 394 , , , 31627 2680 395 249 249 CD 31627 2680 396 Mica Mica NNP 31627 2680 397 - - HYPH 31627 2680 398 trap trap NN 31627 2680 399 , , , 31627 2680 400 262 262 CD 31627 2680 401 Milne Milne NNP 31627 2680 402 , , , 31627 2680 403 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2680 404 , , , 31627 2680 405 28 28 CD 31627 2680 406 , , , 31627 2680 407 218 218 CD 31627 2680 408 , , , 31627 2680 409 253 253 CD 31627 2680 410 Moab Moab NNP 31627 2680 411 , , , 31627 2680 412 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2680 413 regions region NNS 31627 2680 414 of of IN 31627 2680 415 , , , 31627 2680 416 132 132 CD 31627 2680 417 Moon Moon NNP 31627 2680 418 , , , 31627 2680 419 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 420 of of IN 31627 2680 421 , , , 31627 2680 422 236 236 CD 31627 2680 423 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 424 et et NNP 31627 2680 425 seq seq NN 31627 2680 426 . . . 31627 2680 427 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 428 Monte Monte NNP 31627 2680 429 Nuovo Nuovo NNP 31627 2680 430 , , , 31627 2680 431 85 85 CD 31627 2680 432 Mull Mull NNP 31627 2680 433 , , , 31627 2680 434 172 172 CD 31627 2680 435 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 436 et et NNP 31627 2680 437 seq seq NN 31627 2680 438 . . . 31627 2680 439 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 440 Neapolitan Neapolitan NNP 31627 2680 441 group group NN 31627 2680 442 of of IN 31627 2680 443 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 444 , , , 31627 2680 445 28 28 CD 31627 2680 446 New New NNP 31627 2680 447 Zealand Zealand NNP 31627 2680 448 , , , 31627 2680 449 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 450 of of IN 31627 2680 451 , , , 31627 2680 452 146 146 CD 31627 2680 453 Obsidian obsidian JJ 31627 2680 454 , , , 31627 2680 455 264 264 CD 31627 2680 456 Ocean Ocean NNP 31627 2680 457 waves wave NNS 31627 2680 458 of of IN 31627 2680 459 seismic seismic JJ 31627 2680 460 origin origin NN 31627 2680 461 , , , 31627 2680 462 208 208 CD 31627 2680 463 , , , 31627 2680 464 220 220 CD 31627 2680 465 O'Reilly O'Reilly NNP 31627 2680 466 , , , 31627 2680 467 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2680 468 , , , 31627 2680 469 9 9 CD 31627 2680 470 , , , 31627 2680 471 219 219 CD 31627 2680 472 Orizaba Orizaba NNP 31627 2680 473 , , , 31627 2680 474 21 21 CD 31627 2680 475 Ovid Ovid NNP 31627 2680 476 , , , 31627 2680 477 3 3 CD 31627 2680 478 Pacific Pacific NNP 31627 2680 479 , , , 31627 2680 480 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2680 481 islands island NNS 31627 2680 482 of of IN 31627 2680 483 , , , 31627 2680 484 37 37 CD 31627 2680 485 Palestine Palestine NNP 31627 2680 486 , , , 31627 2680 487 dormant dormant JJ 31627 2680 488 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 489 of of IN 31627 2680 490 , , , 31627 2680 491 126 126 CD 31627 2680 492 - - SYM 31627 2680 493 135 135 CD 31627 2680 494 Palmieri Palmieri NNP 31627 2680 495 , , , 31627 2680 496 Prof. Prof. NNP 31627 2680 497 , , , 31627 2680 498 55 55 CD 31627 2680 499 Pantelleria Pantelleria NNP 31627 2680 500 , , , 31627 2680 501 74 74 CD 31627 2680 502 Phlegræan Phlegræan NNP 31627 2680 503 fields field NNS 31627 2680 504 , , , 31627 2680 505 85 85 CD 31627 2680 506 Phonolite Phonolite NNP 31627 2680 507 , , , 31627 2680 508 263 263 CD 31627 2680 509 Pitchstone Pitchstone NNP 31627 2680 510 , , , 31627 2680 511 264 264 CD 31627 2680 512 Pliny Pliny NNP 31627 2680 513 , , , 31627 2680 514 2 2 CD 31627 2680 515 , , , 31627 2680 516 4 4 CD 31627 2680 517 Porphyrite Porphyrite NNP 31627 2680 518 , , , 31627 2680 519 262 262 CD 31627 2680 520 Powell Powell NNP 31627 2680 521 , , , 31627 2680 522 Major Major NNP 31627 2680 523 , , , 31627 2680 524 138 138 CD 31627 2680 525 Pre pre JJ 31627 2680 526 - - JJ 31627 2680 527 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 2680 528 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2680 529 rocks rock NNS 31627 2680 530 , , , 31627 2680 531 187 187 CD 31627 2680 532 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 533 et et NNP 31627 2680 534 seq seq NN 31627 2680 535 . . . 31627 2680 536 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 537 ; ; : 31627 2680 538 of of IN 31627 2680 539 British British NNP 31627 2680 540 Isles Isles NNPS 31627 2680 541 , , , 31627 2680 542 196 196 CD 31627 2680 543 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 544 et et NNP 31627 2680 545 seq seq NN 31627 2680 546 . . . 31627 2680 547 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 548 Puy Puy NNP 31627 2680 549 de de NNP 31627 2680 550 Dôme Dôme NNP 31627 2680 551 , , , 31627 2680 552 105 105 CD 31627 2680 553 - - SYM 31627 2680 554 110 110 CD 31627 2680 555 Pythagoreans Pythagoreans NNPS 31627 2680 556 on on IN 31627 2680 557 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 558 , , , 31627 2680 559 2 2 CD 31627 2680 560 - - SYM 31627 2680 561 3 3 CD 31627 2680 562 Quito Quito NNP 31627 2680 563 , , , 31627 2680 564 Cordilleras Cordilleras NNP 31627 2680 565 of of IN 31627 2680 566 , , , 31627 2680 567 25 25 CD 31627 2680 568 Rangitoto Rangitoto NNP 31627 2680 569 , , , 31627 2680 570 19 19 CD 31627 2680 571 , , , 31627 2680 572 149 149 CD 31627 2680 573 Reyer Reyer NNP 31627 2680 574 , , , 31627 2680 575 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 2680 576 E. E. NNP 31627 2680 577 , , , 31627 2680 578 17 17 CD 31627 2680 579 Rhine Rhine NNP 31627 2680 580 valley valley NN 31627 2680 581 , , , 31627 2680 582 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2680 583 of of IN 31627 2680 584 , , , 31627 2680 585 113 113 CD 31627 2680 586 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 587 et et NNP 31627 2680 588 seq seq NN 31627 2680 589 . . . 31627 2680 590 _ _ NNP 31627 2680 591 Rhyolite Rhyolite NNP 31627 2680 592 , , , 31627 2680 593 263 263 CD 31627 2680 594 Riviera Riviera NNP 31627 2680 595 in in IN 31627 2680 596 1887 1887 CD 31627 2680 597 , , , 31627 2680 598 earthquake earthquake NN 31627 2680 599 of of IN 31627 2680 600 , , , 31627 2680 601 219 219 CD 31627 2680 602 Rocca Rocca NNP 31627 2680 603 Monfina Monfina NNP 31627 2680 604 , , , 31627 2680 605 80 80 CD 31627 2680 606 Roderberg Roderberg NNP 31627 2680 607 , , , 31627 2680 608 119 119 CD 31627 2680 609 , , , 31627 2680 610 120 120 CD 31627 2680 611 Rome Rome NNP 31627 2680 612 , , , 31627 2680 613 88 88 CD 31627 2680 614 - - SYM 31627 2680 615 89 89 CD 31627 2680 616 Rosenbusch Rosenbusch NNP 31627 2680 617 , , , 31627 2680 618 H. H. NNP 31627 2680 619 , , , 31627 2680 620 260 260 CD 31627 2680 621 Roto Roto NNP 31627 2680 622 Mahana Mahana NNP 31627 2680 623 , , , 31627 2680 624 151 151 CD 31627 2680 625 Ruapahu Ruapahu NNP 31627 2680 626 , , , 31627 2680 627 151 151 CD 31627 2680 628 Russell Russell NNP 31627 2680 629 , , , 31627 2680 630 Hon Hon NNP 31627 2680 631 . . . 31627 2681 1 Rollo rollo NN 31627 2681 2 , , , 31627 2681 3 213 213 CD 31627 2681 4 Rutley Rutley NNP 31627 2681 5 , , , 31627 2681 6 F. F. NNP 31627 2681 7 , , , 31627 2681 8 260 260 CD 31627 2681 9 St. St. NNP 31627 2681 10 Helena Helena NNP 31627 2681 11 , , , 31627 2681 12 37 37 CD 31627 2681 13 San San NNP 31627 2681 14 Francisco Francisco NNP 31627 2681 15 , , , 31627 2681 16 Mount Mount NNP 31627 2681 17 , , , 31627 2681 18 138 138 CD 31627 2681 19 Santorin Santorin NNP 31627 2681 20 , , , 31627 2681 21 76 76 CD 31627 2681 22 - - SYM 31627 2681 23 83 83 CD 31627 2681 24 Schehallion Schehallion NNP 31627 2681 25 , , , 31627 2681 26 10 10 CD 31627 2681 27 Schumacher Schumacher NNP 31627 2681 28 , , , 31627 2681 29 127 127 CD 31627 2681 30 Scotland Scotland NNP 31627 2681 31 , , , 31627 2681 32 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2681 33 districts district NNS 31627 2681 34 of of IN 31627 2681 35 , , , 31627 2681 36 172 172 CD 31627 2681 37 _ _ NNP 31627 2681 38 et et NNP 31627 2681 39 seq seq NN 31627 2681 40 . . . 31627 2681 41 _ _ NNP 31627 2681 42 Scrope Scrope NNP 31627 2681 43 , , , 31627 2681 44 Poulett Poulett NNP 31627 2681 45 , , , 31627 2681 46 5 5 CD 31627 2681 47 , , , 31627 2681 48 73 73 CD 31627 2681 49 , , , 31627 2681 50 93 93 CD 31627 2681 51 , , , 31627 2681 52 98 98 CD 31627 2681 53 Scuir Scuir NNP 31627 2681 54 of of IN 31627 2681 55 Eigg Eigg NNP 31627 2681 56 , , , 31627 2681 57 180 180 CD 31627 2681 58 - - SYM 31627 2681 59 184 184 CD 31627 2681 60 Seismic seismic JJ 31627 2681 61 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2681 62 , , , 31627 2681 63 special special JJ 31627 2681 64 , , , 31627 2681 65 201 201 CD 31627 2681 66 _ _ NNP 31627 2681 67 et et NNP 31627 2681 68 seq seq NN 31627 2681 69 . . . 31627 2681 70 _ _ NNP 31627 2681 71 , , , 31627 2681 72 217 217 CD 31627 2681 73 _ _ NNP 31627 2681 74 et et NNP 31627 2681 75 seq seq NN 31627 2681 76 . . . 31627 2681 77 _ _ NNP 31627 2681 78 Shasta Shasta NNP 31627 2681 79 , , , 31627 2681 80 Mount Mount NNP 31627 2681 81 , , , 31627 2681 82 140 140 CD 31627 2681 83 Siebengebirge Siebengebirge NNP 31627 2681 84 , , , 31627 2681 85 116 116 CD 31627 2681 86 - - SYM 31627 2681 87 120 120 CD 31627 2681 88 Skye Skye NNS 31627 2681 89 , , , 31627 2681 90 177 177 CD 31627 2681 91 - - SYM 31627 2681 92 179 179 CD 31627 2681 93 Sleamish Sleamish NNP 31627 2681 94 , , , 31627 2681 95 168 168 CD 31627 2681 96 Smyth Smyth NNP 31627 2681 97 , , , 31627 2681 98 Piazzi Piazzi NNP 31627 2681 99 , , , 31627 2681 100 33 33 CD 31627 2681 101 Snake Snake NNP 31627 2681 102 River River NNP 31627 2681 103 , , , 31627 2681 104 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2681 105 of of IN 31627 2681 106 , , , 31627 2681 107 142 142 CD 31627 2681 108 Staffa Staffa NNP 31627 2681 109 , , , 31627 2681 110 185 185 CD 31627 2681 111 - - SYM 31627 2681 112 186 186 CD 31627 2681 113 Strabo Strabo NNPS 31627 2681 114 on on IN 31627 2681 115 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2681 116 , , , 31627 2681 117 3 3 CD 31627 2681 118 Stromboli Stromboli NNP 31627 2681 119 , , , 31627 2681 120 71 71 CD 31627 2681 121 - - SYM 31627 2681 122 73 73 CD 31627 2681 123 Sumatra Sumatra NNP 31627 2681 124 , , , 31627 2681 125 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2681 126 action action NN 31627 2681 127 in in IN 31627 2681 128 , , , 31627 2681 129 226 226 CD 31627 2681 130 Syenite Syenite NNP 31627 2681 131 , , , 31627 2681 132 262 262 CD 31627 2681 133 Symes Symes NNP 31627 2681 134 , , , 31627 2681 135 R. R. NNP 31627 2681 136 G. G. NNP 31627 2681 137 , , , 31627 2681 138 167 167 CD 31627 2681 139 Syria Syria NNP 31627 2681 140 , , , 31627 2681 141 earthquakes earthquake NNS 31627 2681 142 in in IN 31627 2681 143 , , , 31627 2681 144 219 219 CD 31627 2681 145 Taupo Taupo NNP 31627 2681 146 Lake Lake NNP 31627 2681 147 , , , 31627 2681 148 150 150 CD 31627 2681 149 Taylor Taylor NNP 31627 2681 150 , , , 31627 2681 151 Mount Mount NNP 31627 2681 152 , , , 31627 2681 153 138 138 CD 31627 2681 154 Tell Tell NNP 31627 2681 155 el el NNP 31627 2681 156 Ahmâr Ahmâr NNP 31627 2681 157 , , , 31627 2681 158 131 131 CD 31627 2681 159 Tell Tell NNP 31627 2681 160 el el NNP 31627 2681 161 Akkasheh akkasheh RB 31627 2681 162 , , , 31627 2681 163 131 131 CD 31627 2681 164 Tell Tell NNP 31627 2681 165 el el NNP 31627 2681 166 Farras Farras NNP 31627 2681 167 , , , 31627 2681 168 131 131 CD 31627 2681 169 Tell Tell NNP 31627 2681 170 Abû Abû NNP 31627 2681 171 en en NNP 31627 2681 172 Nedâ Nedâ NNP 31627 2681 173 , , , 31627 2681 174 130 130 CD 31627 2681 175 Tell Tell NNP 31627 2681 176 Abû Abû NNP 31627 2681 177 Nedîr Nedîr NNP 31627 2681 178 , , , 31627 2681 179 129 129 CD 31627 2681 180 Templepatrick Templepatrick NNP 31627 2681 181 , , , 31627 2681 182 quarry quarry VBP 31627 2681 183 at at IN 31627 2681 184 , , , 31627 2681 185 160 160 CD 31627 2681 186 Teneriffe Teneriffe NNP 31627 2681 187 , , , 31627 2681 188 33 33 CD 31627 2681 189 Tertiary tertiary JJ 31627 2681 190 period period NN 31627 2681 191 , , , 31627 2681 192 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2681 193 activity activity NN 31627 2681 194 of of IN 31627 2681 195 , , , 31627 2681 196 255 255 CD 31627 2681 197 Thucydides thucydide NNS 31627 2681 198 , , , 31627 2681 199 2 2 CD 31627 2681 200 Tonga Tonga NNP 31627 2681 201 Islands Islands NNPS 31627 2681 202 , , , 31627 2681 203 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2681 204 of of IN 31627 2681 205 , , , 31627 2681 206 38 38 CD 31627 2681 207 Tongariro Tongariro NNP 31627 2681 208 , , , 31627 2681 209 151 151 CD 31627 2681 210 Trachyte Trachyte NNP 31627 2681 211 , , , 31627 2681 212 263 263 CD 31627 2681 213 Trass Trass NNP 31627 2681 214 of of IN 31627 2681 215 Brühl Brühl NNP 31627 2681 216 Valley Valley NNP 31627 2681 217 , , , 31627 2681 218 123 123 CD 31627 2681 219 - - SYM 31627 2681 220 125 125 CD 31627 2681 221 Tristan Tristan NNP 31627 2681 222 da da NNP 31627 2681 223 Cunha Cunha NNP 31627 2681 224 , , , 31627 2681 225 37 37 CD 31627 2681 226 Tristram Tristram NNP 31627 2681 227 , , , 31627 2681 228 Canon Canon NNP 31627 2681 229 , , , 31627 2681 230 127 127 CD 31627 2681 231 , , , 31627 2681 232 131 131 CD 31627 2681 233 Utah Utah NNP 31627 2681 234 , , , 31627 2681 235 volcanoes volcano NNS 31627 2681 236 of of IN 31627 2681 237 , , , 31627 2681 238 137 137 CD 31627 2681 239 Verbeek Verbeek NNP 31627 2681 240 , , , 31627 2681 241 R. R. NNP 31627 2681 242 D. D. NNP 31627 2681 243 M. M. NNP 31627 2681 244 , , , 31627 2681 245 202 202 CD 31627 2681 246 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 31627 2681 247 , , , 31627 2681 248 4 4 CD 31627 2681 249 , , , 31627 2681 250 14 14 CD 31627 2681 251 , , , 31627 2681 252 41 41 CD 31627 2681 253 - - SYM 31627 2681 254 60 60 CD 31627 2681 255 , , , 31627 2681 256 67 67 CD 31627 2681 257 , , , 31627 2681 258 229 229 CD 31627 2681 259 Volcanoes Volcanoes NNPS 31627 2681 260 , , , 31627 2681 261 historic historic JJ 31627 2681 262 notices notice NNS 31627 2681 263 of of IN 31627 2681 264 , , , 31627 2681 265 1 1 CD 31627 2681 266 - - SYM 31627 2681 267 5 5 CD 31627 2681 268 ; ; : 31627 2681 269 form form NN 31627 2681 270 , , , 31627 2681 271 structure structure NN 31627 2681 272 , , , 31627 2681 273 and and CC 31627 2681 274 composition composition NN 31627 2681 275 of of IN 31627 2681 276 , , , 31627 2681 277 10 10 CD 31627 2681 278 - - SYM 31627 2681 279 19 19 CD 31627 2681 280 ; ; : 31627 2681 281 lines line NNS 31627 2681 282 and and CC 31627 2681 283 groups group NNS 31627 2681 284 of of IN 31627 2681 285 active active JJ 31627 2681 286 , , , 31627 2681 287 20 20 CD 31627 2681 288 - - SYM 31627 2681 289 29 29 CD 31627 2681 290 ; ; : 31627 2681 291 of of IN 31627 2681 292 mid mid NN 31627 2681 293 - - NN 31627 2681 294 ocean ocean NN 31627 2681 295 , , , 31627 2681 296 30 30 CD 31627 2681 297 - - SYM 31627 2681 298 40 40 CD 31627 2681 299 ; ; : 31627 2681 300 extinct extinct JJ 31627 2681 301 or or CC 31627 2681 302 dormant dormant JJ 31627 2681 303 , , , 31627 2681 304 84 84 CD 31627 2681 305 _ _ NNP 31627 2681 306 et et NNP 31627 2681 307 seq seq NN 31627 2681 308 . . . 31627 2681 309 _ _ NNP 31627 2681 310 ; ; : 31627 2681 311 special special JJ 31627 2681 312 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2681 313 and and CC 31627 2681 314 seismic seismic JJ 31627 2681 315 phenomena phenomenon NNS 31627 2681 316 , , , 31627 2681 317 201 201 CD 31627 2681 318 _ _ NNP 31627 2681 319 et et NNP 31627 2681 320 seq seq NN 31627 2681 321 . . . 31627 2681 322 _ _ NNP 31627 2681 323 ; ; : 31627 2681 324 the the DT 31627 2681 325 ultimate ultimate JJ 31627 2681 326 cause cause NN 31627 2681 327 of of IN 31627 2681 328 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2681 329 action action NN 31627 2681 330 , , , 31627 2681 331 225 225 CD 31627 2681 332 _ _ NNP 31627 2681 333 et et NNP 31627 2681 334 seq seq NN 31627 2681 335 . . . 31627 2681 336 _ _ XX 31627 2681 337 ; ; : 31627 2681 338 whether whether IN 31627 2681 339 we -PRON- PRP 31627 2681 340 are be VBP 31627 2681 341 living live VBG 31627 2681 342 in in IN 31627 2681 343 an an DT 31627 2681 344 epoch epoch NN 31627 2681 345 of of IN 31627 2681 346 special special JJ 31627 2681 347 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2681 348 activity activity NN 31627 2681 349 , , , 31627 2681 350 253 253 CD 31627 2681 351 - - SYM 31627 2681 352 256 256 CD 31627 2681 353 ; ; : 31627 2681 354 brief brief JJ 31627 2681 355 account account NN 31627 2681 356 of of IN 31627 2681 357 volcanic volcanic JJ 31627 2681 358 rocks rock NNS 31627 2681 359 , , , 31627 2681 360 259 259 CD 31627 2681 361 - - SYM 31627 2681 362 265 265 CD 31627 2681 363 Vulcanists vulcanist NNS 31627 2681 364 , , , 31627 2681 365 5 5 CD 31627 2681 366 Vulcano Vulcano NNP 31627 2681 367 , , , 31627 2681 368 69 69 CD 31627 2681 369 , , , 31627 2681 370 71 71 CD 31627 2681 371 Wallace Wallace NNP 31627 2681 372 , , , 31627 2681 373 A. A. NNP 31627 2681 374 R. R. NNP 31627 2681 375 , , , 31627 2681 376 81 81 CD 31627 2681 377 Waltershausen Waltershausen NNP 31627 2681 378 , , , 31627 2681 379 W. W. NNP 31627 2681 380 S. S. NNP 31627 2681 381 von von NNP 31627 2681 382 , , , 31627 2681 383 7 7 CD 31627 2681 384 , , , 31627 2681 385 61 61 CD 31627 2681 386 Wellington Wellington NNP 31627 2681 387 , , , 31627 2681 388 Mount Mount NNP 31627 2681 389 , , , 31627 2681 390 149 149 CD 31627 2681 391 Wharton Wharton NNP 31627 2681 392 , , , 31627 2681 393 Capt Capt NNP 31627 2681 394 . . NNP 31627 2681 395 , , , 31627 2681 396 212 212 CD 31627 2681 397 Whymper Whymper NNP 31627 2681 398 , , , 31627 2681 399 E. E. NNP 31627 2681 400 , , , 31627 2681 401 18 18 CD 31627 2681 402 Yarmûk Yarmûk NNP 31627 2681 403 , , , 31627 2681 404 valley valley NN 31627 2681 405 of of IN 31627 2681 406 the the DT 31627 2681 407 , , , 31627 2681 408 129 129 CD 31627 2681 409 , , , 31627 2681 410 131 131 CD 31627 2681 411 Yellowstone Yellowstone NNP 31627 2681 412 Park Park NNP 31627 2681 413 , , , 31627 2681 414 145 145 CD 31627 2681 415 Zirkel Zirkel NNP 31627 2681 416 , , , 31627 2681 417 F. F. NNP 31627 2681 418 , , , 31627 2681 419 260 260 CD 31627 2681 420 Zöllner Zöllner NNP 31627 2681 421 , , , 31627 2681 422 240 240 CD 31627 2681 423 THE the DT 31627 2681 424 WALTER WALTER NNP 31627 2681 425 SCOTT SCOTT NNP 31627 2681 426 PRESS PRESS NNP 31627 2681 427 , , , 31627 2681 428 NEWCASTLE NEWCASTLE NNP 31627 2681 429 - - HYPH 31627 2681 430 ON ON NNP 31627 2681 431 - - HYPH 31627 2681 432 TYNE tyne NN 31627 2681 433 . . . 31627 2682 1 The the DT 31627 2682 2 Contemporary Contemporary NNP 31627 2682 3 Science Science NNP 31627 2682 4 Series Series NNP 31627 2682 5 . . . 31627 2683 1 EDITED edit VBN 31627 2683 2 BY by IN 31627 2683 3 HAVELOCK havelock NN 31627 2683 4 ELLIS ellis NN 31627 2683 5 . . . 31627 2684 1 * * NFP 31627 2684 2 * * NFP 31627 2684 3 * * NFP 31627 2684 4 * * NFP 31627 2684 5 * * NFP 31627 2684 6 Crown Crown NNP 31627 2684 7 8vo 8vo NNP 31627 2684 8 , , , 31627 2684 9 Cloth Cloth NNP 31627 2684 10 , , , 31627 2684 11 3s 3s CD 31627 2684 12 . . . 31627 2685 1 6d 6d NNP 31627 2685 2 . . . 31627 2686 1 per per IN 31627 2686 2 vol vol NNP 31627 2686 3 . . . 31627 2687 1 ; ; : 31627 2687 2 Half Half NNP 31627 2687 3 Morocco Morocco NNP 31627 2687 4 , , , 31627 2687 5 6s 6s NNP 31627 2687 6 . . . 31627 2688 1 6d 6d NNP 31627 2688 2 . . . 31627 2689 1 I. I. NNP 31627 2690 1 THE the DT 31627 2690 2 EVOLUTION EVOLUTION NNP 31627 2690 3 OF of IN 31627 2690 4 SEX SEX NNP 31627 2690 5 . . . 31627 2691 1 By by IN 31627 2691 2 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2691 3 PATRICK PATRICK NNP 31627 2691 4 GEDDES GEDDES NNP 31627 2691 5 and and CC 31627 2691 6 J. J. NNP 31627 2691 7 ARTHUR ARTHUR NNP 31627 2691 8 THOMSON THOMSON VBZ 31627 2691 9 . . . 31627 2692 1 With with IN 31627 2692 2 90 90 CD 31627 2692 3 Illustrations illustration NNS 31627 2692 4 . . . 31627 2693 1 Second Second NNP 31627 2693 2 Edition Edition NNP 31627 2693 3 . . . 31627 2694 1 " " `` 31627 2694 2 The the DT 31627 2694 3 authors author NNS 31627 2694 4 have have VBP 31627 2694 5 brought bring VBN 31627 2694 6 to to IN 31627 2694 7 the the DT 31627 2694 8 task task NN 31627 2694 9 -- -- : 31627 2694 10 as as IN 31627 2694 11 indeed indeed RB 31627 2694 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2694 13 names name NNS 31627 2694 14 guarantee guarantee VBP 31627 2694 15 -- -- : 31627 2694 16 a a DT 31627 2694 17 wealth wealth NN 31627 2694 18 of of IN 31627 2694 19 knowledge knowledge NN 31627 2694 20 , , , 31627 2694 21 a a DT 31627 2694 22 lucid lucid JJ 31627 2694 23 and and CC 31627 2694 24 attractive attractive JJ 31627 2694 25 method method NN 31627 2694 26 of of IN 31627 2694 27 treatment treatment NN 31627 2694 28 , , , 31627 2694 29 and and CC 31627 2694 30 a a DT 31627 2694 31 rich rich JJ 31627 2694 32 vein vein NN 31627 2694 33 of of IN 31627 2694 34 picturesque picturesque NNP 31627 2694 35 language language NN 31627 2694 36 . . . 31627 2694 37 " " '' 31627 2695 1 --_Nature --_Nature : 31627 2695 2 . . . 31627 2695 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2695 4 II II NNP 31627 2695 5 . . . 31627 2696 1 ELECTRICITY electricity VB 31627 2696 2 IN in IN 31627 2696 3 MODERN MODERN NNP 31627 2696 4 LIFE life NN 31627 2696 5 . . . 31627 2697 1 By by IN 31627 2697 2 G. G. NNP 31627 2697 3 W. W. NNP 31627 2697 4 DE DE NNP 31627 2697 5 TUNZELMANN TUNZELMANN NNP 31627 2697 6 . . . 31627 2698 1 With with IN 31627 2698 2 88 88 CD 31627 2698 3 Illustrations illustration NNS 31627 2698 4 . . . 31627 2699 1 " " `` 31627 2699 2 A a DT 31627 2699 3 clearly clearly RB 31627 2699 4 - - HYPH 31627 2699 5 written write VBN 31627 2699 6 and and CC 31627 2699 7 connected connected JJ 31627 2699 8 sketch sketch NN 31627 2699 9 of of IN 31627 2699 10 what what WP 31627 2699 11 is be VBZ 31627 2699 12 known know VBN 31627 2699 13 about about IN 31627 2699 14 electricity electricity NN 31627 2699 15 and and CC 31627 2699 16 magnetism magnetism NN 31627 2699 17 , , , 31627 2699 18 the the DT 31627 2699 19 more more RBR 31627 2699 20 prominent prominent JJ 31627 2699 21 modern modern JJ 31627 2699 22 applications application NNS 31627 2699 23 , , , 31627 2699 24 and and CC 31627 2699 25 the the DT 31627 2699 26 principles principle NNS 31627 2699 27 on on IN 31627 2699 28 which which WDT 31627 2699 29 they -PRON- PRP 31627 2699 30 are be VBP 31627 2699 31 based base VBN 31627 2699 32 . . . 31627 2699 33 " " '' 31627 2700 1 --_Saturday --_Saturday NNP 31627 2700 2 Review Review NNP 31627 2700 3 . . . 31627 2700 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2700 5 III III NNP 31627 2700 6 . . . 31627 2701 1 THE the DT 31627 2701 2 ORIGIN ORIGIN NNP 31627 2701 3 OF of IN 31627 2701 4 THE the DT 31627 2701 5 ARYANS ARYANS NNP 31627 2701 6 . . . 31627 2702 1 By by IN 31627 2702 2 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 2702 3 ISAAC ISAAC NNP 31627 2702 4 TAYLOR TAYLOR NNP 31627 2702 5 . . . 31627 2703 1 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 31627 2703 2 . . . 31627 2704 1 Second Second NNP 31627 2704 2 Edition Edition NNP 31627 2704 3 . . . 31627 2705 1 " " `` 31627 2705 2 Canon Canon NNP 31627 2705 3 Taylor Taylor NNP 31627 2705 4 is be VBZ 31627 2705 5 probably probably RB 31627 2705 6 the the DT 31627 2705 7 most most RBS 31627 2705 8 encyclopædic encyclopædic JJ 31627 2705 9 all all RB 31627 2705 10 - - HYPH 31627 2705 11 round round JJ 31627 2705 12 scholar scholar NN 31627 2705 13 now now RB 31627 2705 14 living live VBG 31627 2705 15 . . . 31627 2706 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2706 2 new new JJ 31627 2706 3 volume volume NN 31627 2706 4 on on IN 31627 2706 5 the the DT 31627 2706 6 Origin Origin NNP 31627 2706 7 of of IN 31627 2706 8 the the DT 31627 2706 9 Aryans Aryans NNPS 31627 2706 10 is be VBZ 31627 2706 11 a a DT 31627 2706 12 first first JJ 31627 2706 13 - - HYPH 31627 2706 14 rate rate NN 31627 2706 15 example example NN 31627 2706 16 of of IN 31627 2706 17 the the DT 31627 2706 18 excellent excellent JJ 31627 2706 19 account account NN 31627 2706 20 to to TO 31627 2706 21 which which WDT 31627 2706 22 he -PRON- PRP 31627 2706 23 can can MD 31627 2706 24 turn turn VB 31627 2706 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2706 26 exceptionally exceptionally RB 31627 2706 27 wide wide JJ 31627 2706 28 and and CC 31627 2706 29 varied varied JJ 31627 2706 30 information information NN 31627 2706 31 .... .... . 31627 2707 1 Masterly masterly RB 31627 2707 2 and and CC 31627 2707 3 exhaustive exhaustive JJ 31627 2707 4 . . . 31627 2707 5 " " '' 31627 2708 1 --_Pall --_Pall : 31627 2708 2 Mall Mall NNP 31627 2708 3 Gazette Gazette NNP 31627 2708 4 . . . 31627 2708 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2708 6 IV IV NNP 31627 2708 7 . . . 31627 2709 1 PHYSIOGNOMY physiognomy NN 31627 2709 2 AND and CC 31627 2709 3 EXPRESSION expression NN 31627 2709 4 . . . 31627 2710 1 By by IN 31627 2710 2 P. P. NNP 31627 2710 3 MANTEGAZZA MANTEGAZZA NNP 31627 2710 4 . . . 31627 2711 1 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 31627 2711 2 . . . 31627 2712 1 " " `` 31627 2712 2 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2712 3 Mantegazza Mantegazza NNP 31627 2712 4 is be VBZ 31627 2712 5 a a DT 31627 2712 6 writer writer NN 31627 2712 7 full full JJ 31627 2712 8 of of IN 31627 2712 9 life life NN 31627 2712 10 and and CC 31627 2712 11 spirit spirit NN 31627 2712 12 , , , 31627 2712 13 and and CC 31627 2712 14 the the DT 31627 2712 15 natural natural JJ 31627 2712 16 attractiveness attractiveness NN 31627 2712 17 of of IN 31627 2712 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2712 19 subject subject NN 31627 2712 20 is be VBZ 31627 2712 21 not not RB 31627 2712 22 destroyed destroy VBN 31627 2712 23 by by IN 31627 2712 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2712 25 scientific scientific JJ 31627 2712 26 handling handling NN 31627 2712 27 of of IN 31627 2712 28 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2712 29 . . . 31627 2712 30 " " '' 31627 2713 1 --_Literary --_Literary : 31627 2713 2 World World NNP 31627 2713 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2713 4 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2713 5 Boston Boston NNP 31627 2713 6 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2713 7 . . . 31627 2714 1 V. V. NNP 31627 2714 2 EVOLUTION EVOLUTION NNP 31627 2714 3 AND and CC 31627 2714 4 DISEASE DISEASE NNP 31627 2714 5 . . . 31627 2715 1 By by IN 31627 2715 2 J. J. NNP 31627 2716 1 B. B. NNP 31627 2716 2 SUTTON SUTTON NNP 31627 2716 3 , , , 31627 2716 4 F.R.C.S. F.R.C.S. . 31627 2717 1 With with IN 31627 2717 2 135 135 CD 31627 2717 3 Illustrations Illustrations NNPS 31627 2717 4 . . . 31627 2718 1 " " `` 31627 2718 2 The the DT 31627 2718 3 work work NN 31627 2718 4 is be VBZ 31627 2718 5 of of IN 31627 2718 6 special special JJ 31627 2718 7 value value NN 31627 2718 8 to to IN 31627 2718 9 professional professional JJ 31627 2718 10 men man NNS 31627 2718 11 , , , 31627 2718 12 yet yet CC 31627 2718 13 educated educate VBN 31627 2718 14 persons person NNS 31627 2718 15 generally generally RB 31627 2718 16 will will MD 31627 2718 17 find find VB 31627 2718 18 much much JJ 31627 2718 19 in in IN 31627 2718 20 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2718 21 which which WDT 31627 2718 22 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2718 23 is be VBZ 31627 2718 24 both both CC 31627 2718 25 interesting interesting JJ 31627 2718 26 and and CC 31627 2718 27 important important JJ 31627 2718 28 to to TO 31627 2718 29 know know VB 31627 2718 30 . . . 31627 2718 31 " " '' 31627 2719 1 --_The --_The : 31627 2719 2 Scottish Scottish NNP 31627 2719 3 Weekly Weekly NNP 31627 2719 4 . . . 31627 2719 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2719 6 VI VI NNP 31627 2719 7 . . . 31627 2720 1 THE the DT 31627 2720 2 VILLAGE VILLAGE NNP 31627 2720 3 COMMUNITY COMMUNITY NNP 31627 2720 4 . . . 31627 2721 1 By by IN 31627 2721 2 G. G. NNP 31627 2721 3 L. L. NNP 31627 2721 4 GOMME GOMME NNP 31627 2721 5 . . . 31627 2722 1 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 31627 2722 2 . . . 31627 2723 1 " " `` 31627 2723 2 His -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2723 3 book book NN 31627 2723 4 will will MD 31627 2723 5 probably probably RB 31627 2723 6 remain remain VB 31627 2723 7 for for IN 31627 2723 8 some some DT 31627 2723 9 time time NN 31627 2723 10 the the DT 31627 2723 11 best good JJS 31627 2723 12 work work NN 31627 2723 13 of of IN 31627 2723 14 reference reference NN 31627 2723 15 for for IN 31627 2723 16 facts fact NNS 31627 2723 17 bearing bear VBG 31627 2723 18 on on IN 31627 2723 19 those those DT 31627 2723 20 traces trace NNS 31627 2723 21 of of IN 31627 2723 22 the the DT 31627 2723 23 village village NN 31627 2723 24 community community NN 31627 2723 25 which which WDT 31627 2723 26 have have VBP 31627 2723 27 not not RB 31627 2723 28 been be VBN 31627 2723 29 effaced efface VBN 31627 2723 30 by by IN 31627 2723 31 conquest conquest NN 31627 2723 32 , , , 31627 2723 33 encroachment encroachment JJ 31627 2723 34 , , , 31627 2723 35 and and CC 31627 2723 36 the the DT 31627 2723 37 heavy heavy JJ 31627 2723 38 hand hand NN 31627 2723 39 of of IN 31627 2723 40 Roman roman JJ 31627 2723 41 law law NN 31627 2723 42 . . . 31627 2723 43 " " '' 31627 2724 1 --_Scottish --_Scottish : 31627 2724 2 Leader leader NN 31627 2724 3 . . . 31627 2724 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2724 5 VII VII NNP 31627 2724 6 . . . 31627 2725 1 THE the DT 31627 2725 2 CRIMINAL CRIMINAL NNP 31627 2725 3 . . . 31627 2726 1 By by IN 31627 2726 2 HAVELOCK HAVELOCK NNP 31627 2726 3 ELLIS ellis NN 31627 2726 4 . . . 31627 2727 1 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 31627 2727 2 . . . 31627 2728 1 " " `` 31627 2728 2 An an DT 31627 2728 3 ably ably RB 31627 2728 4 written write VBN 31627 2728 5 , , , 31627 2728 6 an an DT 31627 2728 7 instructive instructive JJ 31627 2728 8 , , , 31627 2728 9 and and CC 31627 2728 10 a a DT 31627 2728 11 most most RBS 31627 2728 12 entertaining entertaining JJ 31627 2728 13 book book NN 31627 2728 14 . . . 31627 2728 15 " " '' 31627 2729 1 --_Law --_Law : 31627 2729 2 Quarterly Quarterly NNP 31627 2729 3 Review Review NNP 31627 2729 4 . . . 31627 2729 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2729 6 * * NFP 31627 2729 7 * * NFP 31627 2729 8 * * NFP 31627 2729 9 * * NFP 31627 2729 10 * * NFP 31627 2729 11 London London NNP 31627 2729 12 : : : 31627 2729 13 WALTER WALTER NNP 31627 2729 14 SCOTT SCOTT NNP 31627 2729 15 , , , 31627 2729 16 LIMITED LIMITED NNP 31627 2729 17 , , , 31627 2729 18 24 24 CD 31627 2729 19 Warwick Warwick NNP 31627 2729 20 Lane Lane NNP 31627 2729 21 . . . 31627 2730 1 The the DT 31627 2730 2 Contemporary Contemporary NNP 31627 2730 3 Science Science NNP 31627 2730 4 Series Series NNP 31627 2730 5 -- -- : 31627 2730 6 continued continue VBD 31627 2730 7 . . . 31627 2731 1 VIII VIII NNP 31627 2731 2 . . . 31627 2732 1 SANITY SANITY NNP 31627 2732 2 AND and CC 31627 2732 3 INSANITY INSANITY NNP 31627 2732 4 . . . 31627 2733 1 By by IN 31627 2733 2 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 2733 3 CHARLES CHARLES NNP 31627 2733 4 MERCIER MERCIER NNP 31627 2733 5 . . . 31627 2734 1 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 31627 2734 2 . . . 31627 2735 1 " " `` 31627 2735 2 Taken take VBN 31627 2735 3 as as IN 31627 2735 4 a a DT 31627 2735 5 whole whole NN 31627 2735 6 , , , 31627 2735 7 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2735 8 is be VBZ 31627 2735 9 the the DT 31627 2735 10 brightest bright JJS 31627 2735 11 book book NN 31627 2735 12 on on IN 31627 2735 13 the the DT 31627 2735 14 physical physical JJ 31627 2735 15 side side NN 31627 2735 16 of of IN 31627 2735 17 mental mental JJ 31627 2735 18 science science NN 31627 2735 19 published publish VBN 31627 2735 20 in in IN 31627 2735 21 our -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2735 22 time time NN 31627 2735 23 . . . 31627 2735 24 " " '' 31627 2736 1 --_Pall --_Pall : 31627 2736 2 Mall Mall NNP 31627 2736 3 Gazette Gazette NNP 31627 2736 4 . . . 31627 2736 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2736 6 IX IX NNP 31627 2736 7 . . . 31627 2737 1 HYPNOTISM HYPNOTISM NNP 31627 2737 2 . . . 31627 2738 1 By by IN 31627 2738 2 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 2738 3 ALBERT ALBERT NNP 31627 2738 4 MOLL MOLL NNP 31627 2738 5 . . . 31627 2739 1 Second Second NNP 31627 2739 2 Edition Edition NNP 31627 2739 3 . . . 31627 2740 1 " " `` 31627 2740 2 Marks mark NNS 31627 2740 3 a a DT 31627 2740 4 step step NN 31627 2740 5 of of IN 31627 2740 6 some some DT 31627 2740 7 importance importance NN 31627 2740 8 in in IN 31627 2740 9 the the DT 31627 2740 10 study study NN 31627 2740 11 of of IN 31627 2740 12 some some DT 31627 2740 13 difficult difficult JJ 31627 2740 14 physiological physiological JJ 31627 2740 15 and and CC 31627 2740 16 psychological psychological JJ 31627 2740 17 problems problem NNS 31627 2740 18 which which WDT 31627 2740 19 have have VBP 31627 2740 20 not not RB 31627 2740 21 yet yet RB 31627 2740 22 received receive VBN 31627 2740 23 much much JJ 31627 2740 24 attention attention NN 31627 2740 25 in in IN 31627 2740 26 the the DT 31627 2740 27 scientific scientific JJ 31627 2740 28 world world NN 31627 2740 29 of of IN 31627 2740 30 England England NNP 31627 2740 31 . . . 31627 2740 32 " " '' 31627 2741 1 --_Nature --_Nature : 31627 2741 2 . . . 31627 2741 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2741 4 X. X. NNP 31627 2741 5 MANUAL MANUAL NNP 31627 2741 6 TRAINING TRAINING NNP 31627 2741 7 . . . 31627 2742 1 By by IN 31627 2742 2 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 2742 3 C. C. NNP 31627 2742 4 M. M. NNP 31627 2742 5 WOODWARD WOODWARD NNP 31627 2742 6 , , , 31627 2742 7 Director Director NNP 31627 2742 8 of of IN 31627 2742 9 the the DT 31627 2742 10 Manual Manual NNP 31627 2742 11 Training Training NNP 31627 2742 12 School School NNP 31627 2742 13 , , , 31627 2742 14 St. St. NNP 31627 2742 15 Louis Louis NNP 31627 2742 16 . . . 31627 2743 1 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 31627 2743 2 . . . 31627 2744 1 " " `` 31627 2744 2 There there EX 31627 2744 3 is be VBZ 31627 2744 4 no no DT 31627 2744 5 greater great JJR 31627 2744 6 authority authority NN 31627 2744 7 on on IN 31627 2744 8 the the DT 31627 2744 9 subject subject NN 31627 2744 10 than than IN 31627 2744 11 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2744 12 Woodward Woodward NNP 31627 2744 13 . . . 31627 2744 14 " " '' 31627 2745 1 --_Manchester --_Manchester : 31627 2745 2 Guardian Guardian NNP 31627 2745 3 . . . 31627 2745 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2745 5 XI XI NNP 31627 2745 6 . . . 31627 2746 1 THE the DT 31627 2746 2 SCIENCE SCIENCE NNP 31627 2746 3 OF of IN 31627 2746 4 FAIRY FAIRY NNP 31627 2746 5 TALES TALES NNP 31627 2746 6 . . . 31627 2747 1 By by IN 31627 2747 2 E. E. NNP 31627 2747 3 SIDNEY SIDNEY NNP 31627 2747 4 HARTLAND HARTLAND NNP 31627 2747 5 . . . 31627 2748 1 " " `` 31627 2748 2 Mr. Mr. NNP 31627 2748 3 Hartland Hartland NNP 31627 2748 4 's 's POS 31627 2748 5 book book NN 31627 2748 6 will will MD 31627 2748 7 win win VB 31627 2748 8 the the DT 31627 2748 9 sympathy sympathy NN 31627 2748 10 of of IN 31627 2748 11 all all DT 31627 2748 12 earnest earnest JJ 31627 2748 13 students student NNS 31627 2748 14 , , , 31627 2748 15 both both CC 31627 2748 16 by by IN 31627 2748 17 the the DT 31627 2748 18 knowledge knowledge NN 31627 2748 19 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2748 20 displays display VBZ 31627 2748 21 , , , 31627 2748 22 and and CC 31627 2748 23 by by IN 31627 2748 24 a a DT 31627 2748 25 thorough thorough JJ 31627 2748 26 love love NN 31627 2748 27 and and CC 31627 2748 28 appreciation appreciation NN 31627 2748 29 of of IN 31627 2748 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2748 31 subject subject NN 31627 2748 32 , , , 31627 2748 33 which which WDT 31627 2748 34 is be VBZ 31627 2748 35 evident evident JJ 31627 2748 36 throughout throughout IN 31627 2748 37 . . . 31627 2748 38 " " '' 31627 2749 1 --_Spectator --_Spectator : 31627 2749 2 . . . 31627 2749 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2749 4 XII XII NNP 31627 2749 5 . . . 31627 2750 1 PRIMITIVE primitive JJ 31627 2750 2 FOLK FOLK NNP 31627 2750 3 . . . 31627 2751 1 By by IN 31627 2751 2 ELIE ELIE NNP 31627 2751 3 RECLUS RECLUS NNP 31627 2751 4 . . . 31627 2752 1 " " `` 31627 2752 2 For for IN 31627 2752 3 an an DT 31627 2752 4 introduction introduction NN 31627 2752 5 to to IN 31627 2752 6 the the DT 31627 2752 7 study study NN 31627 2752 8 of of IN 31627 2752 9 the the DT 31627 2752 10 questions question NNS 31627 2752 11 of of IN 31627 2752 12 property property NN 31627 2752 13 , , , 31627 2752 14 marriage marriage NN 31627 2752 15 , , , 31627 2752 16 government government NN 31627 2752 17 , , , 31627 2752 18 religion,--in religion,--in VBD 31627 2752 19 a a DT 31627 2752 20 word word NN 31627 2752 21 , , , 31627 2752 22 to to IN 31627 2752 23 the the DT 31627 2752 24 evolution evolution NN 31627 2752 25 of of IN 31627 2752 26 society,--this society,--this NNP 31627 2752 27 little little JJ 31627 2752 28 volume volume NN 31627 2752 29 will will MD 31627 2752 30 be be VB 31627 2752 31 found find VBN 31627 2752 32 most most RBS 31627 2752 33 convenient convenient JJ 31627 2752 34 . . . 31627 2752 35 " " '' 31627 2753 1 --_Scottish --_Scottish : 31627 2753 2 Leader leader NN 31627 2753 3 . . . 31627 2753 4 _ _ NNP 31627 2753 5 XIII XIII NNP 31627 2753 6 . . . 31627 2754 1 THE the DT 31627 2754 2 EVOLUTION evolution NN 31627 2754 3 OF of IN 31627 2754 4 MARRIAGE marriage NN 31627 2754 5 . . . 31627 2755 1 By by IN 31627 2755 2 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2755 3 LETOURNEAU LETOURNEAU NNP 31627 2755 4 . . . 31627 2756 1 " " `` 31627 2756 2 Among among IN 31627 2756 3 the the DT 31627 2756 4 distinguished distinguished JJ 31627 2756 5 French french JJ 31627 2756 6 students student NNS 31627 2756 7 of of IN 31627 2756 8 sociology sociology NN 31627 2756 9 , , , 31627 2756 10 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2756 11 Letourneau Letourneau NNP 31627 2756 12 has have VBZ 31627 2756 13 long long RB 31627 2756 14 stood stand VBN 31627 2756 15 in in IN 31627 2756 16 the the DT 31627 2756 17 first first JJ 31627 2756 18 rank rank NN 31627 2756 19 . . . 31627 2757 1 He -PRON- PRP 31627 2757 2 approaches approach VBZ 31627 2757 3 the the DT 31627 2757 4 great great JJ 31627 2757 5 study study NN 31627 2757 6 of of IN 31627 2757 7 man man NN 31627 2757 8 free free JJ 31627 2757 9 from from IN 31627 2757 10 bias bias NN 31627 2757 11 and and CC 31627 2757 12 shy shy JJ 31627 2757 13 of of IN 31627 2757 14 generalisations generalisation NNS 31627 2757 15 . . . 31627 2758 1 To to TO 31627 2758 2 collect collect VB 31627 2758 3 , , , 31627 2758 4 scrutinise scrutinise VB 31627 2758 5 , , , 31627 2758 6 and and CC 31627 2758 7 appraise appraise NN 31627 2758 8 facts fact NNS 31627 2758 9 is be VBZ 31627 2758 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2758 11 chief chief JJ 31627 2758 12 business business NN 31627 2758 13 . . . 31627 2758 14 " " '' 31627 2759 1 --_Science --_Science : 31627 2759 2 . . . 31627 2759 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2759 4 XIV XIV NNP 31627 2759 5 . . . 31627 2760 1 BACTERIA BACTERIA NNS 31627 2760 2 AND and CC 31627 2760 3 THEIR their NN 31627 2760 4 PRODUCTS product NNS 31627 2760 5 . . . 31627 2761 1 By by IN 31627 2761 2 Dr. Dr. NNP 31627 2761 3 G. G. NNP 31627 2761 4 SIMS SIMS NNP 31627 2761 5 WOODHEAD woodhead UH 31627 2761 6 . . . 31627 2762 1 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 31627 2762 2 . . . 31627 2763 1 " " `` 31627 2763 2 An an DT 31627 2763 3 excellent excellent JJ 31627 2763 4 summary summary NN 31627 2763 5 of of IN 31627 2763 6 the the DT 31627 2763 7 present present JJ 31627 2763 8 state state NN 31627 2763 9 of of IN 31627 2763 10 knowledge knowledge NN 31627 2763 11 of of IN 31627 2763 12 the the DT 31627 2763 13 subject subject NN 31627 2763 14 . . . 31627 2763 15 " " '' 31627 2764 1 --_Lancet --_Lancet : 31627 2764 2 . . . 31627 2764 3 _ _ NNP 31627 2764 4 XV XV NNP 31627 2764 5 . . . 31627 2765 1 EDUCATION education NN 31627 2765 2 AND and CC 31627 2765 3 HEREDITY heredity NN 31627 2765 4 . . . 31627 2766 1 By by IN 31627 2766 2 J. J. NNP 31627 2766 3 M. M. NNP 31627 2766 4 GUYAU GUYAU NNP 31627 2766 5 . . . 31627 2767 1 " " `` 31627 2767 2 It -PRON- PRP 31627 2767 3 is be VBZ 31627 2767 4 a a DT 31627 2767 5 sign sign NN 31627 2767 6 of of IN 31627 2767 7 the the DT 31627 2767 8 value value NN 31627 2767 9 of of IN 31627 2767 10 this this DT 31627 2767 11 book book NN 31627 2767 12 that that WDT 31627 2767 13 the the DT 31627 2767 14 natural natural JJ 31627 2767 15 impulse impulse NN 31627 2767 16 on on IN 31627 2767 17 arriving arrive VBG 31627 2767 18 at at IN 31627 2767 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2767 20 last last JJ 31627 2767 21 page page NN 31627 2767 22 is be VBZ 31627 2767 23 to to TO 31627 2767 24 turn turn VB 31627 2767 25 again again RB 31627 2767 26 to to IN 31627 2767 27 the the DT 31627 2767 28 first first JJ 31627 2767 29 , , , 31627 2767 30 and and CC 31627 2767 31 try try VB 31627 2767 32 to to TO 31627 2767 33 gather gather VB 31627 2767 34 up up RP 31627 2767 35 and and CC 31627 2767 36 coordinate coordinate VB 31627 2767 37 some some DT 31627 2767 38 of of IN 31627 2767 39 the the DT 31627 2767 40 many many JJ 31627 2767 41 admirable admirable JJ 31627 2767 42 truths truth NNS 31627 2767 43 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2767 44 presents present VBZ 31627 2767 45 . . . 31627 2767 46 " " '' 31627 2768 1 --_Anti --_Anti : 31627 2768 2 - - : 31627 2768 3 Jacobin Jacobin NNP 31627 2768 4 . . . 31627 2768 5 _ _ NNP 31627 2768 6 XVI XVI NNP 31627 2768 7 . . . 31627 2769 1 THE the DT 31627 2769 2 MAN MAN NNP 31627 2769 3 OF of IN 31627 2769 4 GENIUS GENIUS NNP 31627 2769 5 . . . 31627 2770 1 By by IN 31627 2770 2 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2770 3 LOMBROSO LOMBROSO NNP 31627 2770 4 . . . 31627 2771 1 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 31627 2771 2 . . . 31627 2772 1 " " `` 31627 2772 2 By by IN 31627 2772 3 far far RB 31627 2772 4 the the DT 31627 2772 5 most most RBS 31627 2772 6 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 31627 2772 7 and and CC 31627 2772 8 fascinating fascinating JJ 31627 2772 9 collection collection NN 31627 2772 10 of of IN 31627 2772 11 facts fact NNS 31627 2772 12 and and CC 31627 2772 13 generalisations generalisation NNS 31627 2772 14 concerning concern VBG 31627 2772 15 genius genius NN 31627 2772 16 which which WDT 31627 2772 17 has have VBZ 31627 2772 18 yet yet RB 31627 2772 19 been be VBN 31627 2772 20 brought bring VBN 31627 2772 21 together together RB 31627 2772 22 . . . 31627 2772 23 " " '' 31627 2773 1 --_Journal --_Journal NNP 31627 2773 2 of of IN 31627 2773 3 Mental Mental NNP 31627 2773 4 Science Science NNP 31627 2773 5 . . . 31627 2773 6 _ _ NNP 31627 2773 7 XVII XVII NNP 31627 2773 8 . . . 31627 2774 1 THE the DT 31627 2774 2 GRAMMAR GRAMMAR NNP 31627 2774 3 OF of IN 31627 2774 4 SCIENCE SCIENCE NNP 31627 2774 5 . . . 31627 2775 1 By by IN 31627 2775 2 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2775 3 KARL KARL NNP 31627 2775 4 PEARSON PEARSON NNP 31627 2775 5 . . . 31627 2776 1 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 31627 2776 2 . . . 31627 2777 1 XVIII xviii NN 31627 2777 2 . . . 31627 2778 1 PROPERTY property NN 31627 2778 2 : : : 31627 2778 3 ITS its PRP$ 31627 2778 4 ORIGIN ORIGIN NNS 31627 2778 5 AND and CC 31627 2778 6 DEVELOPMENT development NN 31627 2778 7 . . . 31627 2779 1 By by IN 31627 2779 2 CH CH NNP 31627 2779 3 . . . 31627 2780 1 LETOURNEAU LETOURNEAU NNP 31627 2780 2 , , , 31627 2780 3 General General NNP 31627 2780 4 Secretary Secretary NNP 31627 2780 5 to to IN 31627 2780 6 the the DT 31627 2780 7 Anthropological Anthropological NNP 31627 2780 8 Society Society NNP 31627 2780 9 , , , 31627 2780 10 Paris Paris NNP 31627 2780 11 , , , 31627 2780 12 and and CC 31627 2780 13 Professor Professor NNP 31627 2780 14 in in IN 31627 2780 15 the the DT 31627 2780 16 School School NNP 31627 2780 17 of of IN 31627 2780 18 Anthropology Anthropology NNP 31627 2780 19 , , , 31627 2780 20 Paris Paris NNP 31627 2780 21 . . . 31627 2781 1 An an DT 31627 2781 2 ethnological ethnological JJ 31627 2781 3 account account NN 31627 2781 4 of of IN 31627 2781 5 the the DT 31627 2781 6 beginnings beginning NNS 31627 2781 7 of of IN 31627 2781 8 property property NN 31627 2781 9 among among IN 31627 2781 10 animals animal NNS 31627 2781 11 , , , 31627 2781 12 of of IN 31627 2781 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2781 14 communistic communistic JJ 31627 2781 15 stages stage NNS 31627 2781 16 among among IN 31627 2781 17 primitive primitive JJ 31627 2781 18 races race NNS 31627 2781 19 , , , 31627 2781 20 and and CC 31627 2781 21 of of IN 31627 2781 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2781 23 later later JJ 31627 2781 24 individualistic individualistic JJ 31627 2781 25 developments development NNS 31627 2781 26 , , , 31627 2781 27 together together RB 31627 2781 28 with with IN 31627 2781 29 a a DT 31627 2781 30 brief brief JJ 31627 2781 31 sketch sketch NN 31627 2781 32 of of IN 31627 2781 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2781 34 probable probable JJ 31627 2781 35 evolution evolution NN 31627 2781 36 in in IN 31627 2781 37 the the DT 31627 2781 38 future future NN 31627 2781 39 . . . 31627 2782 1 * * NFP 31627 2782 2 * * NFP 31627 2782 3 * * NFP 31627 2782 4 * * NFP 31627 2782 5 * * NFP 31627 2782 6 London London NNP 31627 2782 7 : : : 31627 2782 8 WALTER WALTER NNP 31627 2782 9 SCOTT SCOTT NNP 31627 2782 10 , , , 31627 2782 11 LIMITED LIMITED NNP 31627 2782 12 , , , 31627 2782 13 24 24 CD 31627 2782 14 Warwick Warwick NNP 31627 2782 15 Lane Lane NNP 31627 2782 16 . . . 31627 2783 1 * * NFP 31627 2783 2 * * NFP 31627 2783 3 * * NFP 31627 2783 4 * * NFP 31627 2783 5 * * NFP 31627 2783 6 Transcriber Transcriber NNP 31627 2783 7 's 's POS 31627 2783 8 note note NN 31627 2783 9 : : : 31627 2783 10 Changed change VBN 31627 2783 11 ' ' `` 31627 2783 12 Kilarrea Kilarrea NNP 31627 2783 13 ' ' '' 31627 2783 14 to to TO 31627 2783 15 ' ' `` 31627 2783 16 Kilauea Kilauea NNP 31627 2783 17 ' ' '' 31627 2783 18 on on IN 31627 2783 19 page page NN 31627 2783 20 19 19 CD 31627 2783 21 : : : 31627 2783 22 Mauna Mauna NNP 31627 2783 23 Loa Loa NNP 31627 2783 24 and and CC 31627 2783 25 Kilarrea Kilarrea NNP 31627 2783 26 . . . 31627 2784 1 Changed change VBN 31627 2784 2 ' ' `` 31627 2784 3 Kilanea Kilanea NNP 31627 2784 4 ' ' '' 31627 2784 5 to to IN 31627 2784 6 ' ' `` 31627 2784 7 Kilauea Kilauea NNP 31627 2784 8 ' ' '' 31627 2784 9 on on IN 31627 2784 10 page page NN 31627 2784 11 39 39 CD 31627 2784 12 : : : 31627 2784 13 Kilanea Kilanea NNP 31627 2784 14 , , , 31627 2784 15 4158 4158 CD 31627 2784 16 feet foot NNS 31627 2784 17 . . . 31627 2785 1 Made make VBN 31627 2785 2 punctuation punctuation NN 31627 2785 3 ( ( -LRB- 31627 2785 4 semi semi JJ 31627 2785 5 - - NNS 31627 2785 6 colons colon NNS 31627 2785 7 ) ) -RRB- 31627 2785 8 consistent consistent JJ 31627 2785 9 in in IN 31627 2785 10 caption caption NN 31627 2785 11 to to TO 31627 2785 12 figure figure VB 31627 2785 13 16 16 CD 31627 2785 14 . . . 31627 2786 1 Changed change VBN 31627 2786 2 ' ' `` 31627 2786 3 Brionde Brionde NNP 31627 2786 4 ' ' '' 31627 2786 5 to to IN 31627 2786 6 ' ' `` 31627 2786 7 Brioude Brioude NNP 31627 2786 8 ' ' '' 31627 2786 9 on on IN 31627 2786 10 page page NN 31627 2786 11 94 94 CD 31627 2786 12 : : : 31627 2786 13 till till IN 31627 2786 14 at at IN 31627 2786 15 Brionde Brionde NNP 31627 2786 16 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2786 17 becomes become VBZ 31627 2786 18 . . . 31627 2787 1 Changed change VBN 31627 2787 2 ' ' `` 31627 2787 3 occuping occuping NN 31627 2787 4 ' ' '' 31627 2787 5 to to IN 31627 2787 6 ' ' `` 31627 2787 7 occupying occupy VBG 31627 2787 8 ' ' '' 31627 2787 9 on on IN 31627 2787 10 page page NN 31627 2787 11 96 96 CD 31627 2787 12 : : : 31627 2787 13 occuping occupe VBG 31627 2787 14 a a DT 31627 2787 15 hollow hollow NN 31627 2787 16 . . . 31627 2788 1 Changed change VBN 31627 2788 2 ' ' `` 31627 2788 3 Rodesberg Rodesberg NNP 31627 2788 4 ' ' '' 31627 2788 5 to to IN 31627 2788 6 ' ' '' 31627 2788 7 Roderberg Roderberg NNP 31627 2788 8 ' ' '' 31627 2788 9 on on IN 31627 2788 10 page page NN 31627 2788 11 118 118 CD 31627 2788 12 : : : 31627 2788 13 old old JJ 31627 2788 14 extinct extinct JJ 31627 2788 15 volcano volcano NN 31627 2788 16 of of IN 31627 2788 17 Rodesberg Rodesberg NNP 31627 2788 18 . . . 31627 2789 1 Changed change VBN 31627 2789 2 ' ' `` 31627 2789 3 Wolkenberg Wolkenberg NNP 31627 2789 4 ' ' '' 31627 2789 5 to to IN 31627 2789 6 ' ' `` 31627 2789 7 Wolkenburg Wolkenburg NNP 31627 2789 8 ' ' '' 31627 2789 9 on on IN 31627 2789 10 page page NN 31627 2789 11 118 118 CD 31627 2789 12 : : : 31627 2789 13 and and CC 31627 2789 14 that that DT 31627 2789 15 of of IN 31627 2789 16 the the DT 31627 2789 17 Wolkenberg Wolkenberg NNP 31627 2789 18 . . . 31627 2790 1 Left leave VBD 31627 2790 2 the the DT 31627 2790 3 reference reference NN 31627 2790 4 to to IN 31627 2790 5 Jeremiah Jeremiah NNP 31627 2790 6 , , , 31627 2790 7 l. l. NNP 31627 2790 8 25 25 CD 31627 2790 9 . . . 31627 2790 10 in in IN 31627 2790 11 footnote footnote NN 31627 2790 12 to to IN 31627 2790 13 Part Part NNP 31627 2790 14 III iii CD 31627 2790 15 Chapter chapter NN 31627 2790 16 I -PRON- PRP 31627 2790 17 , , , 31627 2790 18 although although IN 31627 2790 19 Jeremiah Jeremiah NNP 31627 2790 20 , , , 31627 2790 21 li li NNP 31627 2790 22 . . . 31627 2791 1 25 25 CD 31627 2791 2 . . . 31627 2791 3 seems seem VBZ 31627 2791 4 more more RBR 31627 2791 5 appropriate appropriate JJ 31627 2791 6 . . . 31627 2792 1 Changed change VBN 31627 2792 2 ' ' POS 31627 2792 3 fumarols fumarol NNS 31627 2792 4 ' ' '' 31627 2792 5 to to IN 31627 2792 6 ' ' `` 31627 2792 7 fumaroles fumarole NNS 31627 2792 8 ' ' '' 31627 2792 9 on on IN 31627 2792 10 page page NN 31627 2792 11 137 137 CD 31627 2792 12 : : : 31627 2792 13 fumarols fumarol NNS 31627 2792 14 give give VB 31627 2792 15 evidence evidence NN 31627 2792 16 . . . 31627 2793 1 Removed remove VBN 31627 2793 2 extra extra JJ 31627 2793 3 comma comma NN 31627 2793 4 on on IN 31627 2793 5 page page NN 31627 2793 6 153 153 CD 31627 2793 7 : : : 31627 2793 8 of of IN 31627 2793 9 the the DT 31627 2793 10 present present JJ 31627 2793 11 , , , 31627 2793 12 epoch epoch NN 31627 2793 13 . . . 31627 2794 1 Changed change VBN 31627 2794 2 ' ' `` 31627 2794 3 columnal columnal NN 31627 2794 4 ' ' '' 31627 2794 5 to to IN 31627 2794 6 ' ' `` 31627 2794 7 columnar columnar VB 31627 2794 8 ' ' '' 31627 2794 9 on on IN 31627 2794 10 page page NN 31627 2794 11 176 176 CD 31627 2794 12 : : : 31627 2794 13 the the DT 31627 2794 14 columnal columnal JJ 31627 2794 15 structure structure NN 31627 2794 16 . . . 31627 2795 1 Changed change VBN 31627 2795 2 ' ' POS 31627 2795 3 groves grove NNS 31627 2795 4 ' ' '' 31627 2795 5 to to IN 31627 2795 6 ' ' `` 31627 2795 7 grooves groove NNS 31627 2795 8 ' ' '' 31627 2795 9 on on IN 31627 2795 10 page page NN 31627 2795 11 183 183 CD 31627 2795 12 : : : 31627 2795 13 the the DT 31627 2795 14 groves grove NNS 31627 2795 15 and and CC 31627 2795 16 scorings scoring NNS 31627 2795 17 . . . 31627 2796 1 Changed change VBN 31627 2796 2 ' ' `` 31627 2796 3 Angust Angust NNP 31627 2796 4 ' ' '' 31627 2796 5 to to IN 31627 2796 6 ' ' '' 31627 2796 7 August August NNP 31627 2796 8 ' ' '' 31627 2796 9 on on IN 31627 2796 10 page page NN 31627 2796 11 212 212 CD 31627 2796 12 : : : 31627 2796 13 the the DT 31627 2796 14 27th 27th NN 31627 2796 15 of of IN 31627 2796 16 Angust Angust NNP 31627 2796 17 . . . 31627 2797 1 Changed change VBN 31627 2797 2 ' ' POS 31627 2797 3 mikroskopischen mikroskopischen NN 31627 2797 4 ' ' '' 31627 2797 5 to to IN 31627 2797 6 ' ' `` 31627 2797 7 mikroskopische mikroskopische NNP 31627 2797 8 ' ' '' 31627 2797 9 on on IN 31627 2797 10 page page NN 31627 2797 11 260 260 CD 31627 2797 12 : : : 31627 2797 13 über über NNP 31627 2797 14 mikroskopischen mikroskopischen NNP 31627 2797 15 Structur Structur NNP 31627 2797 16 . . . 31627 2798 1 Changed change VBN 31627 2798 2 ' ' `` 31627 2798 3 become become VBP 31627 2798 4 ' ' '' 31627 2798 5 to to IN 31627 2798 6 ' ' `` 31627 2798 7 becomes become VBZ 31627 2798 8 ' ' '' 31627 2798 9 on on IN 31627 2798 10 page page NN 31627 2798 11 260 260 CD 31627 2798 12 : : : 31627 2798 13 the the DT 31627 2798 14 rock rock NN 31627 2798 15 become become VBP 31627 2798 16 a a DT 31627 2798 17 leucite leucite JJ 31627 2798 18 - - HYPH 31627 2798 19 basalt basalt NN 31627 2798 20 . . . 31627 2799 1 Left left JJ 31627 2799 2 inconsistent inconsistent JJ 31627 2799 3 spellings spelling NNS 31627 2799 4 of of IN 31627 2799 5 ' ' `` 31627 2799 6 Baalbec Baalbec NNP 31627 2799 7 ' ' '' 31627 2799 8 and and CC 31627 2799 9 ' ' `` 31627 2799 10 Baalbeck Baalbeck NNP 31627 2799 11 ' ' '' 31627 2799 12 ; ; : 31627 2799 13 ' ' `` 31627 2799 14 Harrat Harrat NNP 31627 2799 15 ' ' '' 31627 2799 16 and and CC 31627 2799 17 ' ' `` 31627 2799 18 Harrât Harrât NNP 31627 2799 19 ' ' '' 31627 2799 20 ; ; : 31627 2799 21 ' ' `` 31627 2799 22 mètres mètre NNS 31627 2799 23 ' ' '' 31627 2799 24 and and CC 31627 2799 25 ' ' `` 31627 2799 26 metres metre NNS 31627 2799 27 ' ' '' 31627 2799 28 ; ; : 31627 2799 29 ' ' `` 31627 2799 30 pitchstone pitchstone NN 31627 2799 31 ' ' '' 31627 2799 32 and and CC 31627 2799 33 ' ' `` 31627 2799 34 pitch pitch NN 31627 2799 35 - - HYPH 31627 2799 36 stone stone NN 31627 2799 37 ' ' '' 31627 2799 38 ; ; : 31627 2799 39 ' ' `` 31627 2799 40 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 31627 2799 41 ' ' '' 31627 2799 42 and and CC 31627 2799 43 ' ' `` 31627 2799 44 pre pre JJ 31627 2799 45 - - JJ 31627 2799 46 historic historic JJ 31627 2799 47 ' ' '' 31627 2799 48 ; ; : 31627 2799 49 ' ' `` 31627 2799 50 Rhône rhône VB 31627 2799 51 ' ' '' 31627 2799 52 and and CC 31627 2799 53 ' ' `` 31627 2799 54 Rhone Rhone NNP 31627 2799 55 ' ' '' 31627 2799 56 ; ; : 31627 2799 57 ' ' '' 31627 2799 58 sub sub JJ 31627 2799 59 - - JJ 31627 2799 60 aerial aerial JJ 31627 2799 61 ' ' '' 31627 2799 62 , , , 31627 2799 63 ' ' `` 31627 2799 64 subaërial subaërial JJ 31627 2799 65 ' ' '' 31627 2799 66 and and CC 31627 2799 67 ' ' `` 31627 2799 68 subaerial subaerial JJ 31627 2799 69 ' ' '' 31627 2799 70 ; ; : 31627 2799 71 ' ' `` 31627 2799 72 tableland tableland RB 31627 2799 73 ' ' '' 31627 2799 74 and and CC 31627 2799 75 ' ' `` 31627 2799 76 table table NN 31627 2799 77 - - HYPH 31627 2799 78 land land NN 31627 2799 79 ' ' '' 31627 2799 80 . . . 31627 2800 1 Greek greek JJ 31627 2800 2 words word NNS 31627 2800 3 were be VBD 31627 2800 4 replaced replace VBN 31627 2800 5 with with IN 31627 2800 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 31627 2800 7 transliterations transliteration NNS 31627 2800 8 : : : 31627 2800 9 ' ' '' 31627 2800 10 meson meson NNP 31627 2800 11 pyr pyr NN 31627 2800 12 ' ' '' 31627 2800 13 and and CC 31627 2800 14 ' ' `` 31627 2800 15 Peri Peri NNP 31627 2800 16 kosmou kosmou NN 31627 2800 17 ' ' '' 31627 2800 18 . . . 31627 2801 1 The the DT 31627 2801 2 oe oe NN 31627 2801 3 - - HYPH 31627 2801 4 ligature ligature NN 31627 2801 5 was be VBD 31627 2801 6 expanded expand VBN 31627 2801 7 to to IN 31627 2801 8 the the DT 31627 2801 9 two two CD 31627 2801 10 separate separate JJ 31627 2801 11 characters character NNS 31627 2801 12 : : : 31627 2801 13 ' ' `` 31627 2801 14 Euboea Euboea NNP 31627 2801 15 ' ' '' 31627 2801 16 and and CC 31627 2801 17 ' ' `` 31627 2801 18 Boeotia Boeotia NNP 31627 2801 19 ' ' '' 31627 2801 20 . . . 31627 2802 1 Left leave VBD 31627 2802 2 the the DT 31627 2802 3 list list NN 31627 2802 4 numbering numbering NN 31627 2802 5 as as IN 31627 2802 6 is be VBZ 31627 2802 7 at at IN 31627 2802 8 the the DT 31627 2802 9 beginning beginning NN 31627 2802 10 of of IN 31627 2802 11 Chapter Chapter NNP 31627 2802 12 II II NNP 31627 2802 13 of of IN 31627 2802 14 Part Part NNP 31627 2802 15 IV IV NNP 31627 2802 16 , , , 31627 2802 17 even even RB 31627 2802 18 though though IN 31627 2802 19 the the DT 31627 2802 20 list list NN 31627 2802 21 begins begin VBZ 31627 2802 22 at at IN 31627 2802 23 item item NN 31627 2802 24 c c NNP 31627 2802 25 , , , 31627 2802 26 as as IN 31627 2802 27 if if IN 31627 2802 28 it -PRON- PRP 31627 2802 29 continues continue VBZ 31627 2802 30 the the DT 31627 2802 31 list list NN 31627 2802 32 which which WDT 31627 2802 33 began begin VBD 31627 2802 34 in in IN 31627 2802 35 the the DT 31627 2802 36 previous previous JJ 31627 2802 37 chapter chapter NN 31627 2802 38 . . .