id sid tid token lemma pos 39831 1 1 images image NNS 39831 1 2 generously generously RB 39831 1 3 made make VBN 39831 1 4 available available JJ 39831 1 5 by by IN 39831 1 6 The the DT 39831 1 7 Internet Internet NNP 39831 1 8 Archive Archive NNP 39831 1 9 / / SYM 39831 1 10 American American NNP 39831 1 11 Libraries Libraries NNPS 39831 1 12 . . . 39831 1 13 ) ) -RRB- 39831 2 1 A a DT 39831 2 2 STUDY STUDY NNP 39831 2 3 OF of IN 39831 2 4 SPLASHES SPLASHES NNP 39831 2 5 _ _ NNP 39831 2 6 BY by IN 39831 2 7 THE the DT 39831 2 8 SAME SAME NNP 39831 2 9 AUTHOR AUTHOR NNP 39831 2 10 . . . 39831 2 11 _ _ NNP 39831 2 12 * * NFP 39831 2 13 * * NFP 39831 2 14 * * NFP 39831 2 15 * * NFP 39831 2 16 * * NFP 39831 2 17 A a DT 39831 2 18 FIRST FIRST NNP 39831 2 19 COURSE course NN 39831 2 20 OF of IN 39831 2 21 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 39831 2 22 LABORATORY LABORATORY NNP 39831 2 23 PRACTICE practice NN 39831 2 24 . . . 39831 3 1 CONTAINING contain VBG 39831 3 2 264 264 CD 39831 3 3 EXPERIMENTS experiment NNS 39831 3 4 . . . 39831 4 1 _ _ NNP 39831 4 2 With with IN 39831 4 3 Illustrations Illustrations NNPS 39831 4 4 . . . 39831 5 1 Crown Crown NNP 39831 5 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39831 5 3 , , , 39831 5 4 4s 4s CD 39831 5 5 . . . 39831 6 1 6d 6d NNP 39831 6 2 . . . 39831 6 3 _ _ NNP 39831 6 4 * * NFP 39831 6 5 * * NFP 39831 6 6 * * NFP 39831 6 7 * * NFP 39831 6 8 * * NFP 39831 6 9 DYNAMICS dynamics NN 39831 6 10 OF of IN 39831 6 11 ROTATION ROTATION NNS 39831 6 12 . . . 39831 7 1 AN an DT 39831 7 2 ELEMENTARY elementary NN 39831 7 3 INTRODUCTION introduction NN 39831 7 4 TO to IN 39831 7 5 RIGID rigid NN 39831 7 6 DYNAMICS dynamic NNS 39831 7 7 . . . 39831 8 1 _ _ NNP 39831 8 2 Crown Crown NNP 39831 8 3 8vo 8vo NNP 39831 8 4 , , , 39831 8 5 4s 4s CD 39831 8 6 . . . 39831 9 1 6d 6d NNP 39831 9 2 . . . 39831 9 3 _ _ NNP 39831 9 4 * * NFP 39831 9 5 * * NFP 39831 9 6 * * NFP 39831 9 7 * * NFP 39831 9 8 * * NFP 39831 9 9 LONGMANS longmans NN 39831 9 10 , , , 39831 9 11 GREEN GREEN NNP 39831 9 12 , , , 39831 9 13 AND and CC 39831 9 14 CO CO NNP 39831 9 15 . . . 39831 9 16 LONDON LONDON NNP 39831 9 17 , , , 39831 9 18 NEW NEW NNP 39831 9 19 YORK YORK NNP 39831 9 20 , , , 39831 9 21 BOMBAY BOMBAY NNP 39831 9 22 , , , 39831 9 23 AND and CC 39831 9 24 CALCUTTA CALCUTTA NNP 39831 9 25 . . . 39831 10 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 10 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 10 3 : : : 39831 10 4 Permanent Permanent NNP 39831 10 5 Splashes Splashes NNPS 39831 10 6 left leave VBD 39831 10 7 where where WRB 39831 10 8 a a DT 39831 10 9 Projectile Projectile NNP 39831 10 10 has have VBZ 39831 10 11 entered enter VBN 39831 10 12 an an DT 39831 10 13 Armour Armour NNP 39831 10 14 - - HYPH 39831 10 15 plate plate NN 39831 10 16 . . . 39831 11 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 11 2 _ _ NNP 39831 11 3 See See NNP 39831 11 4 page page NN 39831 11 5 120 120 CD 39831 11 6 . . . 39831 11 7 _ _ NNP 39831 11 8 ] ] -RRB- 39831 11 9 A a DT 39831 11 10 STUDY STUDY NNP 39831 11 11 OF of IN 39831 11 12 SPLASHES SPLASHES NNP 39831 11 13 BY by IN 39831 11 14 A. a. NN 39831 11 15 M. M. NNP 39831 11 16 WORTHINGTON WORTHINGTON NNP 39831 11 17 C.B. C.B. NNP 39831 11 18 , , , 39831 11 19 M.A. M.A. NNP 39831 11 20 , , , 39831 11 21 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39831 12 1 HEADMASTER HEADMASTER NNP 39831 12 2 AND and CC 39831 12 3 PROFESSOR PROFESSOR NNS 39831 12 4 OF of IN 39831 12 5 PHYSICS PHYSICS NNP 39831 12 6 AT at IN 39831 12 7 THE the DT 39831 12 8 ROYAL ROYAL NNP 39831 12 9 NAVAL NAVAL NNP 39831 12 10 ENGINEERING ENGINEERING NNP 39831 12 11 COLLEGE COLLEGE NNP 39831 12 12 , , , 39831 12 13 DEVONPORT DEVONPORT NNP 39831 12 14 WITH with IN 39831 12 15 197 197 CD 39831 12 16 ILLUSTRATIONS illustrations NN 39831 12 17 FROM from IN 39831 12 18 INSTANTANEOUS instantaneou VBN 39831 12 19 PHOTOGRAPHS photographs NN 39831 12 20 LONGMANS longman NNS 39831 12 21 , , , 39831 12 22 GREEN GREEN NNP 39831 12 23 , , , 39831 12 24 AND and CC 39831 12 25 CO CO NNP 39831 12 26 . . . 39831 12 27 39 39 CD 39831 12 28 PATERNOSTER PATERNOSTER NNP 39831 12 29 ROW ROW NNP 39831 12 30 , , , 39831 12 31 LONDON LONDON NNP 39831 12 32 NEW NEW NNP 39831 12 33 YORK YORK NNP 39831 12 34 , , , 39831 12 35 BOMBAY BOMBAY NNP 39831 12 36 , , , 39831 12 37 AND and CC 39831 12 38 CALCUTTA CALCUTTA NNP 39831 12 39 1908 1908 CD 39831 12 40 _ _ XX 39831 12 41 All all DT 39831 12 42 rights right NNS 39831 12 43 reserved reserve VBN 39831 12 44 _ _ NNP 39831 12 45 DEDICATED dedicated JJ 39831 12 46 TO to IN 39831 12 47 THE the DT 39831 12 48 NATURAL natural JJ 39831 12 49 HISTORY history NN 39831 12 50 SOCIETY SOCIETY NNS 39831 12 51 OF of IN 39831 12 52 RUGBY RUGBY NNP 39831 12 53 SCHOOL SCHOOL NNP 39831 12 54 AND and CC 39831 12 55 ITS its PRP$ 39831 12 56 FORMER former JJ 39831 12 57 PRESIDENT PRESIDENT NNP 39831 12 58 ARTHUR ARTHUR NNP 39831 12 59 SIDGWICK SIDGWICK NNP 39831 12 60 IN in IN 39831 12 61 REMEMBRANCE REMEMBRANCE NNP 39831 12 62 OF of IN 39831 12 63 THE the DT 39831 12 64 ENCOURAGEMENT ENCOURAGEMENT NNP 39831 12 65 GIVEN give VBN 39831 12 66 TO to IN 39831 12 67 THE the DT 39831 12 68 EARLY early JJ 39831 12 69 OBSERVATIONS observations NN 39831 12 70 MADE make VBN 39831 12 71 IN in IN 39831 12 72 BOYHOOD boyhood NN 39831 12 73 BY by IN 39831 12 74 MY my PRP$ 39831 12 75 OLD OLD NNP 39831 12 76 SCHOOL SCHOOL NNP 39831 12 77 - - HYPH 39831 12 78 FRIEND FRIEND NNP 39831 12 79 H. H. NNP 39831 12 80 F. F. NNP 39831 12 81 NEWALL newall NN 39831 12 82 FROM from IN 39831 12 83 WHICH which WDT 39831 12 84 THIS THIS NNP 39831 12 85 STUDY STUDY NNP 39831 12 86 SPRANG SPRANG NNP 39831 12 87 . . . 39831 13 1 PREFACE preface VB 39831 13 2 This this DT 39831 13 3 publication publication NN 39831 13 4 is be VBZ 39831 13 5 an an DT 39831 13 6 attempt attempt NN 39831 13 7 to to TO 39831 13 8 present present VB 39831 13 9 in in IN 39831 13 10 a a DT 39831 13 11 form form NN 39831 13 12 acceptable acceptable JJ 39831 13 13 to to IN 39831 13 14 the the DT 39831 13 15 general general JJ 39831 13 16 reader reader NN 39831 13 17 the the DT 39831 13 18 outcome outcome NN 39831 13 19 of of IN 39831 13 20 an an DT 39831 13 21 inquiry inquiry NN 39831 13 22 conducted conduct VBN 39831 13 23 by by IN 39831 13 24 the the DT 39831 13 25 aid aid NN 39831 13 26 of of IN 39831 13 27 instantaneous instantaneous JJ 39831 13 28 photography photography NN 39831 13 29 , , , 39831 13 30 which which WDT 39831 13 31 was be VBD 39831 13 32 begun begin VBN 39831 13 33 about about RB 39831 13 34 fourteen fourteen CD 39831 13 35 years year NNS 39831 13 36 ago ago RB 39831 13 37 . . . 39831 14 1 The the DT 39831 14 2 author author NN 39831 14 3 , , , 39831 14 4 in in IN 39831 14 5 1894 1894 CD 39831 14 6 , , , 39831 14 7 had have VBD 39831 14 8 occasion occasion NN 39831 14 9 to to TO 39831 14 10 lecture lecture VB 39831 14 11 at at IN 39831 14 12 the the DT 39831 14 13 Royal Royal NNP 39831 14 14 Institution Institution NNP 39831 14 15 on on IN 39831 14 16 the the DT 39831 14 17 " " `` 39831 14 18 Splash Splash NNP 39831 14 19 of of IN 39831 14 20 a a DT 39831 14 21 Drop drop NN 39831 14 22 , , , 39831 14 23 " " '' 39831 14 24 of of IN 39831 14 25 which which WDT 39831 14 26 he -PRON- PRP 39831 14 27 had have VBD 39831 14 28 already already RB 39831 14 29 made make VBN 39831 14 30 a a DT 39831 14 31 somewhat somewhat RB 39831 14 32 prolonged prolonged JJ 39831 14 33 study study NN 39831 14 34 . . . 39831 15 1 That that DT 39831 15 2 lecture lecture NN 39831 15 3 , , , 39831 15 4 which which WDT 39831 15 5 was be VBD 39831 15 6 subsequently subsequently RB 39831 15 7 reprinted reprint VBN 39831 15 8 in in IN 39831 15 9 the the DT 39831 15 10 " " `` 39831 15 11 Romance Romance NNP 39831 15 12 of of IN 39831 15 13 Science Science NNP 39831 15 14 " " '' 39831 15 15 series series NN 39831 15 16 by by IN 39831 15 17 the the DT 39831 15 18 Society Society NNP 39831 15 19 for for IN 39831 15 20 Promoting promote VBG 39831 15 21 Christian Christian NNP 39831 15 22 Knowledge Knowledge NNP 39831 15 23 , , , 39831 15 24 dealt deal VBD 39831 15 25 largely largely RB 39831 15 26 with with IN 39831 15 27 the the DT 39831 15 28 splash splash NN 39831 15 29 of of IN 39831 15 30 a a DT 39831 15 31 drop drop NN 39831 15 32 falling fall VBG 39831 15 33 on on IN 39831 15 34 a a DT 39831 15 35 solid solid JJ 39831 15 36 plate plate NN 39831 15 37 , , , 39831 15 38 with with IN 39831 15 39 which which WDT 39831 15 40 the the DT 39831 15 41 present present JJ 39831 15 42 volume volume NN 39831 15 43 is be VBZ 39831 15 44 not not RB 39831 15 45 concerned concern VBN 39831 15 46 . . . 39831 16 1 At at IN 39831 16 2 the the DT 39831 16 3 close close NN 39831 16 4 of of IN 39831 16 5 the the DT 39831 16 6 lecture lecture NN 39831 16 7 were be VBD 39831 16 8 exhibited exhibit VBN 39831 16 9 for for IN 39831 16 10 the the DT 39831 16 11 first first JJ 39831 16 12 time time NN 39831 16 13 a a DT 39831 16 14 few few JJ 39831 16 15 photographs photograph NNS 39831 16 16 of of IN 39831 16 17 some some DT 39831 16 18 of of IN 39831 16 19 the the DT 39831 16 20 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39831 16 21 now now RB 39831 16 22 dealt deal VBD 39831 16 23 with with IN 39831 16 24 , , , 39831 16 25 which which WDT 39831 16 26 the the DT 39831 16 27 author author NN 39831 16 28 had have VBD 39831 16 29 just just RB 39831 16 30 succeeded succeed VBN 39831 16 31 in in IN 39831 16 32 taking take VBG 39831 16 33 with with IN 39831 16 34 the the DT 39831 16 35 help help NN 39831 16 36 of of IN 39831 16 37 his -PRON- PRP$ 39831 16 38 friend friend NN 39831 16 39 Mr. Mr. NNP 39831 16 40 R. R. NNP 39831 16 41 S. S. NNP 39831 16 42 Cole Cole NNP 39831 16 43 . . . 39831 17 1 The the DT 39831 17 2 success success NN 39831 17 3 of of IN 39831 17 4 the the DT 39831 17 5 photographs photograph NNS 39831 17 6 and and CC 39831 17 7 the the DT 39831 17 8 additional additional JJ 39831 17 9 information information NN 39831 17 10 they -PRON- PRP 39831 17 11 afforded afford VBD 39831 17 12 led lead VBD 39831 17 13 to to IN 39831 17 14 a a DT 39831 17 15 long long JJ 39831 17 16 photographic photographic JJ 39831 17 17 investigation investigation NN 39831 17 18 , , , 39831 17 19 which which WDT 39831 17 20 formed form VBD 39831 17 21 the the DT 39831 17 22 subject subject NN 39831 17 23 of of IN 39831 17 24 two two CD 39831 17 25 papers[A papers[A NNS 39831 17 26 ] ] -RRB- 39831 17 27 in in IN 39831 17 28 the the DT 39831 17 29 _ _ NNP 39831 17 30 Transactions Transactions NNPS 39831 17 31 _ _ NNP 39831 17 32 of of IN 39831 17 33 the the DT 39831 17 34 Royal Royal NNP 39831 17 35 Society Society NNP 39831 17 36 . . . 39831 18 1 Except except IN 39831 18 2 for for IN 39831 18 3 two two CD 39831 18 4 magazine magazine NN 39831 18 5 articles,[B articles,[B NNP 39831 18 6 ] ] -RRB- 39831 18 7 the the DT 39831 18 8 results result NNS 39831 18 9 of of IN 39831 18 10 this this DT 39831 18 11 work work NN 39831 18 12 have have VBP 39831 18 13 not not RB 39831 18 14 been be VBN 39831 18 15 presented present VBN 39831 18 16 to to IN 39831 18 17 the the DT 39831 18 18 general general JJ 39831 18 19 public public NN 39831 18 20 . . . 39831 19 1 Moreover moreover RB 39831 19 2 , , , 39831 19 3 in in IN 39831 19 4 the the DT 39831 19 5 illustrations illustration NNS 39831 19 6 printed print VBN 39831 19 7 by by IN 39831 19 8 the the DT 39831 19 9 Royal Royal NNP 39831 19 10 Society Society NNP 39831 19 11 much much JJ 39831 19 12 of of IN 39831 19 13 the the DT 39831 19 14 beauty beauty NN 39831 19 15 of of IN 39831 19 16 the the DT 39831 19 17 original original JJ 39831 19 18 photographs photograph NNS 39831 19 19 was be VBD 39831 19 20 lost lose VBN 39831 19 21 in in IN 39831 19 22 the the DT 39831 19 23 reproduction reproduction NN 39831 19 24 , , , 39831 19 25 or or CC 39831 19 26 was be VBD 39831 19 27 sacrificed sacrifice VBN 39831 19 28 in in IN 39831 19 29 a a DT 39831 19 30 selection selection NN 39831 19 31 of of IN 39831 19 32 which which WDT 39831 19 33 the the DT 39831 19 34 only only JJ 39831 19 35 object object NN 39831 19 36 was be VBD 39831 19 37 the the DT 39831 19 38 elucidation elucidation NN 39831 19 39 of of IN 39831 19 40 points point NNS 39831 19 41 of of IN 39831 19 42 technical technical JJ 39831 19 43 scientific scientific JJ 39831 19 44 interest interest NN 39831 19 45 . . . 39831 20 1 If if IN 39831 20 2 the the DT 39831 20 3 present present JJ 39831 20 4 volume volume NN 39831 20 5 is be VBZ 39831 20 6 so so RB 39831 20 7 fortunate fortunate JJ 39831 20 8 as as IN 39831 20 9 to to TO 39831 20 10 find find VB 39831 20 11 many many JJ 39831 20 12 readers reader NNS 39831 20 13 among among IN 39831 20 14 the the DT 39831 20 15 general general JJ 39831 20 16 public public NN 39831 20 17 , , , 39831 20 18 as as IN 39831 20 19 the the DT 39831 20 20 author author NN 39831 20 21 hopes hope VBZ 39831 20 22 it -PRON- PRP 39831 20 23 may may MD 39831 20 24 , , , 39831 20 25 especially especially RB 39831 20 26 among among IN 39831 20 27 the the DT 39831 20 28 young young JJ 39831 20 29 whose whose WP$ 39831 20 30 eyes eye NNS 39831 20 31 are be VBP 39831 20 32 still still RB 39831 20 33 quick quick JJ 39831 20 34 to to TO 39831 20 35 observe observe VB 39831 20 36 , , , 39831 20 37 and and CC 39831 20 38 whose whose WP$ 39831 20 39 minds mind NNS 39831 20 40 are be VBP 39831 20 41 eager eager JJ 39831 20 42 , , , 39831 20 43 it -PRON- PRP 39831 20 44 will will MD 39831 20 45 be be VB 39831 20 46 on on IN 39831 20 47 account account NN 39831 20 48 of of IN 39831 20 49 admiration admiration NN 39831 20 50 for for IN 39831 20 51 the the DT 39831 20 52 exquisite exquisite JJ 39831 20 53 beauty beauty NN 39831 20 54 of of IN 39831 20 55 some some DT 39831 20 56 of of IN 39831 20 57 the the DT 39831 20 58 forms form NNS 39831 20 59 assumed assume VBN 39831 20 60 , , , 39831 20 61 of of IN 39831 20 62 surprise surprise NN 39831 20 63 at at IN 39831 20 64 the the DT 39831 20 65 revelation revelation NN 39831 20 66 of of IN 39831 20 67 so so RB 39831 20 68 much much RB 39831 20 69 where where WRB 39831 20 70 so so RB 39831 20 71 little little JJ 39831 20 72 was be VBD 39831 20 73 expected expect VBN 39831 20 74 , , , 39831 20 75 and and CC 39831 20 76 because because IN 39831 20 77 of of IN 39831 20 78 the the DT 39831 20 79 peculiar peculiar JJ 39831 20 80 fascination fascination NN 39831 20 81 that that WDT 39831 20 82 is be VBZ 39831 20 83 always always RB 39831 20 84 felt feel VBN 39831 20 85 in in IN 39831 20 86 following follow VBG 39831 20 87 any any DT 39831 20 88 gradually gradually RB 39831 20 89 changing change VBG 39831 20 90 natural natural JJ 39831 20 91 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39831 20 92 , , , 39831 20 93 in in IN 39831 20 94 which which WDT 39831 20 95 the the DT 39831 20 96 sequence sequence NN 39831 20 97 of of IN 39831 20 98 events event NNS 39831 20 99 can can MD 39831 20 100 , , , 39831 20 101 partly partly RB 39831 20 102 at at IN 39831 20 103 any any DT 39831 20 104 rate rate NN 39831 20 105 , , , 39831 20 106 be be VB 39831 20 107 anticipated anticipate VBN 39831 20 108 and and CC 39831 20 109 understood understand VBN 39831 20 110 . . . 39831 21 1 For for IN 39831 21 2 the the DT 39831 21 3 sake sake NN 39831 21 4 of of IN 39831 21 5 serious serious JJ 39831 21 6 students student NNS 39831 21 7 of of IN 39831 21 8 Physics Physics NNP 39831 21 9 who who WP 39831 21 10 may may MD 39831 21 11 be be VB 39831 21 12 interested interested JJ 39831 21 13 in in IN 39831 21 14 unexpected unexpected JJ 39831 21 15 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39831 21 16 of of IN 39831 21 17 fluid fluid JJ 39831 21 18 motion motion NN 39831 21 19 , , , 39831 21 20 all all DT 39831 21 21 references reference NNS 39831 21 22 that that WDT 39831 21 23 seem seem VBP 39831 21 24 necessary necessary JJ 39831 21 25 have have VBP 39831 21 26 been be VBN 39831 21 27 given give VBN 39831 21 28 in in IN 39831 21 29 footnotes footnote NNS 39831 21 30 , , , 39831 21 31 and and CC 39831 21 32 it -PRON- PRP 39831 21 33 may may MD 39831 21 34 be be VB 39831 21 35 mentioned mention VBN 39831 21 36 that that IN 39831 21 37 the the DT 39831 21 38 later later JJ 39831 21 39 photographs photograph NNS 39831 21 40 of of IN 39831 21 41 Series Series NNP 39831 21 42 I -PRON- PRP 39831 21 43 and and CC 39831 21 44 those those DT 39831 21 45 of of IN 39831 21 46 Series Series NNP 39831 21 47 I I NNP 39831 21 48 - - : 39831 21 49 a a NNP 39831 21 50 and and CC 39831 21 51 III III NNP 39831 21 52 , , , 39831 21 53 have have VBP 39831 21 54 not not RB 39831 21 55 been be VBN 39831 21 56 previously previously RB 39831 21 57 published publish VBN 39831 21 58 , , , 39831 21 59 and and CC 39831 21 60 afford afford VB 39831 21 61 new new JJ 39831 21 62 information information NN 39831 21 63 on on IN 39831 21 64 certain certain JJ 39831 21 65 points point NNS 39831 21 66 . . . 39831 22 1 In in IN 39831 22 2 taking take VBG 39831 22 3 these these DT 39831 22 4 photographs photograph NNS 39831 22 5 the the DT 39831 22 6 author author NN 39831 22 7 has have VBZ 39831 22 8 been be VBN 39831 22 9 much much RB 39831 22 10 helped help VBN 39831 22 11 by by IN 39831 22 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39831 22 13 friends friend NNS 39831 22 14 Dr. Dr. NNP 39831 22 15 G. G. NNP 39831 22 16 B. B. NNP 39831 22 17 Bryan Bryan NNP 39831 22 18 and and CC 39831 22 19 Mr. Mr. NNP 39831 22 20 G. G. NNP 39831 22 21 F. F. NNP 39831 22 22 Page Page NNP 39831 22 23 . . . 39831 23 1 A. A. NNP 39831 23 2 M. M. NNP 39831 23 3 W. W. NNP 39831 23 4 TAVISTOCK TAVISTOCK NNP 39831 23 5 , , , 39831 23 6 _ _ NNP 39831 23 7 Sept. September NNP 39831 24 1 18 18 CD 39831 24 2 , , , 39831 24 3 1907 1907 CD 39831 24 4 _ _ NNP 39831 24 5 . . . 39831 25 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 25 2 Added Added NNP 39831 25 3 _ _ NNP 39831 25 4 March March NNP 39831 25 5 1 1 CD 39831 25 6 , , , 39831 25 7 1908 1908 CD 39831 25 8 _ _ NNP 39831 25 9 . . . 39831 25 10 ] ] -RRB- 39831 26 1 A a DT 39831 26 2 slight slight JJ 39831 26 3 delay delay NN 39831 26 4 in in IN 39831 26 5 the the DT 39831 26 6 publication publication NN 39831 26 7 of of IN 39831 26 8 this this DT 39831 26 9 book book NN 39831 26 10 has have VBZ 39831 26 11 afforded afford VBN 39831 26 12 the the DT 39831 26 13 opportunity opportunity NN 39831 26 14 of of IN 39831 26 15 obtaining obtain VBG 39831 26 16 the the DT 39831 26 17 new new JJ 39831 26 18 and and CC 39831 26 19 quite quite RB 39831 26 20 unexpected unexpected JJ 39831 26 21 information information NN 39831 26 22 given give VBN 39831 26 23 in in IN 39831 26 24 the the DT 39831 26 25 supplementary supplementary JJ 39831 26 26 chapter chapter NN 39831 26 27 . . . 39831 27 1 CONTENTS content NNS 39831 27 2 PAGE PAGE NNP 39831 27 3 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 27 4 I -PRON- PRP 39831 27 5 PRELIMINARY PRELIMINARY VBD 39831 27 6 -- -- : 39831 27 7 METHODS methods JJ 39831 27 8 OF of IN 39831 27 9 OBSERVATION observation NN 39831 27 10 AND and CC 39831 27 11 APPARATUS APPARATUS NNP 39831 27 12 1 1 CD 39831 27 13 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 27 14 II II NNP 39831 27 15 THE the DT 39831 27 16 SPLASH splash NN 39831 27 17 OF of IN 39831 27 18 A a DT 39831 27 19 DROP drop NN 39831 27 20 -- -- : 39831 27 21 LOW LOW NNP 39831 27 22 FALL FALL NNP 39831 27 23 15 15 CD 39831 27 24 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 27 25 III iii CD 39831 27 26 PRINCIPLES principle NNS 39831 27 27 INVOLVED involve VBN 39831 27 28 32 32 CD 39831 27 29 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 27 30 IV IV NNP 39831 27 31 THE the DT 39831 27 32 SPLASH SPLASH NNP 39831 27 33 CONTINUED CONTINUED NNS 39831 27 34 41 41 CD 39831 27 35 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 27 36 V v NN 39831 27 37 HIGHER high JJR 39831 27 38 FALLS FALLS NNPS 39831 27 39 -- -- : 39831 27 40 BUBBLE BUBBLE NNP 39831 27 41 - - HYPH 39831 27 42 BUILDING building NN 39831 27 43 53 53 CD 39831 27 44 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 27 45 VI VI NNP 39831 27 46 BELOW below IN 39831 27 47 THE the DT 39831 27 48 SURFACE surface NN 39831 27 49 69 69 CD 39831 27 50 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 27 51 VII vii NN 39831 27 52 THE the DT 39831 27 53 TWO two CD 39831 27 54 KINDS kind NNS 39831 27 55 OF of IN 39831 27 56 SPLASHES splashes NN 39831 27 57 OF of IN 39831 27 58 SOLID solid NN 39831 27 59 SPHERES SPHERES NNP 39831 27 60 73 73 CD 39831 27 61 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 27 62 VIII viii VBP 39831 27 63 THE the DT 39831 27 64 TRANSITION transition NN 39831 27 65 FROM from IN 39831 27 66 THE the DT 39831 27 67 SMOOTH smooth JJ 39831 27 68 OR or CC 39831 27 69 " " `` 39831 27 70 SHEATH sheath NN 39831 27 71 " " '' 39831 27 72 SPLASH SPLASH VBG 39831 27 73 TO to IN 39831 27 74 THE the DT 39831 27 75 ROUGH rough JJ 39831 27 76 OR or CC 39831 27 77 " " `` 39831 27 78 BASKET basket NN 39831 27 79 " " '' 39831 27 80 SPLASH SPLASH NNP 39831 27 81 95 95 CD 39831 27 82 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 27 83 IX IX NNP 39831 27 84 THE the DT 39831 27 85 EXPLANATION EXPLANATION NNP 39831 27 86 OF of IN 39831 27 87 THE the DT 39831 27 88 CAUSE cause NN 39831 27 89 OF of IN 39831 27 90 DIFFERENCE difference NN 39831 27 91 BETWEEN between IN 39831 27 92 THE the DT 39831 27 93 TWO two CD 39831 27 94 SPLASHES SPLASHES NNP 39831 27 95 108 108 CD 39831 27 96 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 27 97 X X NNP 39831 27 98 CONCLUSION conclusion NN 39831 27 99 118 118 CD 39831 27 100 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 27 101 XI XI NNP 39831 27 102 ( ( -LRB- 39831 27 103 SUPPLEMENTARY SUPPLEMENTARY NNP 39831 27 104 ) ) -RRB- 39831 27 105 A a DT 39831 27 106 NEW NEW NNP 39831 27 107 PHENOMENON phenomenon NN 39831 27 108 THAT that WDT 39831 27 109 APPEARS APPEARS NNP 39831 27 110 WITH with IN 39831 27 111 AN an DT 39831 27 112 INCREASE increase NN 39831 27 113 IN in IN 39831 27 114 THE the DT 39831 27 115 VELOCITY velocity NN 39831 27 116 OF of IN 39831 27 117 ENTRY entry NN 39831 27 118 OF of IN 39831 27 119 A a DT 39831 27 120 ROUGH rough JJ 39831 27 121 SPHERE SPHERE NNS 39831 27 122 121 121 CD 39831 27 123 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 39831 27 124 : : : 39831 27 125 [ [ -LRB- 39831 27 126 A a NN 39831 27 127 ] ] -RRB- 39831 27 128 " " `` 39831 27 129 Impact impact NN 39831 27 130 with with IN 39831 27 131 a a DT 39831 27 132 Liquid Liquid NNP 39831 27 133 Surface Surface NNP 39831 27 134 , , , 39831 27 135 " " '' 39831 27 136 by by IN 39831 27 137 Worthington Worthington NNP 39831 27 138 and and CC 39831 27 139 Cole Cole NNP 39831 27 140 . . . 39831 28 1 _ _ NNP 39831 28 2 Phil Phil NNP 39831 28 3 . . . 39831 29 1 Trans tran NNS 39831 29 2 . . . 39831 30 1 Roy Roy NNP 39831 30 2 . . . 39831 31 1 Soc Soc NNP 39831 31 2 . . . 39831 31 3 _ _ NNP 39831 31 4 , , , 39831 31 5 A A NNP 39831 31 6 193 193 CD 39831 31 7 , , , 39831 31 8 1897 1897 CD 39831 31 9 , , , 39831 31 10 and and CC 39831 31 11 A a DT 39831 31 12 255 255 CD 39831 31 13 , , , 39831 31 14 1900 1900 CD 39831 31 15 . . . 39831 32 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 32 2 B b NN 39831 32 3 ] ] -RRB- 39831 32 4 _ _ NNP 39831 32 5 Pearson Pearson NNP 39831 32 6 's 's POS 39831 32 7 Magazine Magazine NNP 39831 32 8 _ _ NNP 39831 32 9 , , , 39831 32 10 July July NNP 39831 32 11 and and CC 39831 32 12 August August NNP 39831 32 13 , , , 39831 32 14 1898 1898 CD 39831 32 15 . . . 39831 33 1 A a DT 39831 33 2 STUDY STUDY NNP 39831 33 3 OF of IN 39831 33 4 SPLASHES SPLASHES NNP 39831 33 5 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39831 33 6 I -PRON- PRP 39831 33 7 PRELIMINARY PRELIMINARY VBD 39831 33 8 -- -- : 39831 33 9 METHODS methods JJ 39831 33 10 OF of IN 39831 33 11 OBSERVATION observation NN 39831 33 12 AND and CC 39831 33 13 APPARATUS APPARATUS NNP 39831 33 14 There there EX 39831 33 15 will will MD 39831 33 16 be be VB 39831 33 17 but but CC 39831 33 18 few few JJ 39831 33 19 of of IN 39831 33 20 my -PRON- PRP$ 39831 33 21 readers reader NNS 39831 33 22 who who WP 39831 33 23 have have VBP 39831 33 24 not not RB 39831 33 25 , , , 39831 33 26 in in IN 39831 33 27 some some DT 39831 33 28 heavy heavy JJ 39831 33 29 shower shower NN 39831 33 30 of of IN 39831 33 31 rain rain NN 39831 33 32 , , , 39831 33 33 beguiled beguile VBD 39831 33 34 the the DT 39831 33 35 tedium tedium NN 39831 33 36 of of IN 39831 33 37 enforced enforce VBN 39831 33 38 waiting wait VBG 39831 33 39 by by IN 39831 33 40 watching watch VBG 39831 33 41 , , , 39831 33 42 perhaps perhaps RB 39831 33 43 half half RB 39831 33 44 - - HYPH 39831 33 45 unconsciously unconsciously RB 39831 33 46 , , , 39831 33 47 the the DT 39831 33 48 thousand thousand CD 39831 33 49 little little JJ 39831 33 50 crystal crystal NN 39831 33 51 fountains fountain VBZ 39831 33 52 that that WDT 39831 33 53 start start VBP 39831 33 54 up up RP 39831 33 55 from from IN 39831 33 56 the the DT 39831 33 57 surface surface NN 39831 33 58 of of IN 39831 33 59 pool pool NN 39831 33 60 or or CC 39831 33 61 river river NN 39831 33 62 ; ; : 39831 33 63 noting note VBG 39831 33 64 now now RB 39831 33 65 and and CC 39831 33 66 then then RB 39831 33 67 a a DT 39831 33 68 surrounding surround VBG 39831 33 69 coronet coronet NN 39831 33 70 of of IN 39831 33 71 lesser less JJR 39831 33 72 jets jet NNS 39831 33 73 , , , 39831 33 74 or or CC 39831 33 75 here here RB 39831 33 76 and and CC 39831 33 77 there there RB 39831 33 78 a a DT 39831 33 79 bubble bubble NN 39831 33 80 that that WDT 39831 33 81 floats float VBZ 39831 33 82 for for IN 39831 33 83 a a DT 39831 33 84 moment moment NN 39831 33 85 and and CC 39831 33 86 then then RB 39831 33 87 vanishes vanish VBZ 39831 33 88 . . . 39831 34 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 34 2 is be VBZ 39831 34 3 to to IN 39831 34 4 this this DT 39831 34 5 apparently apparently RB 39831 34 6 insignificant insignificant JJ 39831 34 7 transaction transaction NN 39831 34 8 , , , 39831 34 9 which which WDT 39831 34 10 always always RB 39831 34 11 has have VBZ 39831 34 12 been be VBN 39831 34 13 and and CC 39831 34 14 always always RB 39831 34 15 will will MD 39831 34 16 be be VB 39831 34 17 so so RB 39831 34 18 familiar familiar JJ 39831 34 19 , , , 39831 34 20 and and CC 39831 34 21 to to IN 39831 34 22 others other NNS 39831 34 23 of of IN 39831 34 24 a a DT 39831 34 25 like like IN 39831 34 26 nature nature NN 39831 34 27 , , , 39831 34 28 that that WDT 39831 34 29 I -PRON- PRP 39831 34 30 desire desire VBP 39831 34 31 to to TO 39831 34 32 call call VB 39831 34 33 the the DT 39831 34 34 attention attention NN 39831 34 35 of of IN 39831 34 36 those those DT 39831 34 37 who who WP 39831 34 38 are be VBP 39831 34 39 interested interested JJ 39831 34 40 in in IN 39831 34 41 natural natural JJ 39831 34 42 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39831 34 43 ; ; , 39831 34 44 hoping hope VBG 39831 34 45 to to TO 39831 34 46 share share VB 39831 34 47 with with IN 39831 34 48 them -PRON- PRP 39831 34 49 some some DT 39831 34 50 of of IN 39831 34 51 the the DT 39831 34 52 delight delight NN 39831 34 53 that that WDT 39831 34 54 I -PRON- PRP 39831 34 55 have have VBP 39831 34 56 myself -PRON- PRP 39831 34 57 felt feel VBN 39831 34 58 , , , 39831 34 59 in in IN 39831 34 60 contemplating contemplate VBG 39831 34 61 the the DT 39831 34 62 exquisite exquisite JJ 39831 34 63 forms form NNS 39831 34 64 that that IN 39831 34 65 the the DT 39831 34 66 camera camera NN 39831 34 67 has have VBZ 39831 34 68 revealed reveal VBN 39831 34 69 , , , 39831 34 70 and and CC 39831 34 71 in in IN 39831 34 72 watching watch VBG 39831 34 73 the the DT 39831 34 74 progress progress NN 39831 34 75 of of IN 39831 34 76 a a DT 39831 34 77 multitude multitude NN 39831 34 78 of of IN 39831 34 79 events event NNS 39831 34 80 , , , 39831 34 81 compressed compress VBN 39831 34 82 indeed indeed RB 39831 34 83 within within IN 39831 34 84 the the DT 39831 34 85 limits limit NNS 39831 34 86 of of IN 39831 34 87 a a DT 39831 34 88 few few JJ 39831 34 89 hundredths hundredth NNS 39831 34 90 of of IN 39831 34 91 a a DT 39831 34 92 second second JJ 39831 34 93 , , , 39831 34 94 but but CC 39831 34 95 none none NN 39831 34 96 the the DT 39831 34 97 less less RBR 39831 34 98 orderly orderly JJ 39831 34 99 and and CC 39831 34 100 inevitable inevitable JJ 39831 34 101 , , , 39831 34 102 and and CC 39831 34 103 of of IN 39831 34 104 which which WDT 39831 34 105 the the DT 39831 34 106 sequence sequence NN 39831 34 107 is be VBZ 39831 34 108 in in IN 39831 34 109 part part NN 39831 34 110 easy easy JJ 39831 34 111 to to TO 39831 34 112 anticipate anticipate VB 39831 34 113 and and CC 39831 34 114 understand understand VB 39831 34 115 , , , 39831 34 116 while while IN 39831 34 117 in in IN 39831 34 118 part part NN 39831 34 119 it -PRON- PRP 39831 34 120 taxes tax VBZ 39831 34 121 the the DT 39831 34 122 highest high JJS 39831 34 123 mathematical mathematical JJ 39831 34 124 powers power NNS 39831 34 125 to to TO 39831 34 126 elucidate elucidate VB 39831 34 127 . . . 39831 35 1 In in IN 39831 35 2 these these DT 39831 35 3 modern modern JJ 39831 35 4 days day NNS 39831 35 5 of of IN 39831 35 6 kinematographs kinematograph NNS 39831 35 7 and and CC 39831 35 8 snapshot snapshot NN 39831 35 9 cameras camera NNS 39831 35 10 it -PRON- PRP 39831 35 11 might may MD 39831 35 12 seem seem VB 39831 35 13 an an DT 39831 35 14 easy easy JJ 39831 35 15 matter matter NN 39831 35 16 to to TO 39831 35 17 follow follow VB 39831 35 18 , , , 39831 35 19 by by IN 39831 35 20 the the DT 39831 35 21 aid aid NN 39831 35 22 of of IN 39831 35 23 photography photography NN 39831 35 24 , , , 39831 35 25 even even RB 39831 35 26 a a DT 39831 35 27 splashing splash VBG 39831 35 28 drop drop NN 39831 35 29 . . . 39831 36 1 But but CC 39831 36 2 in in IN 39831 36 3 reality reality NN 39831 36 4 the the DT 39831 36 5 task task NN 39831 36 6 is be VBZ 39831 36 7 not not RB 39831 36 8 so so RB 39831 36 9 simple simple JJ 39831 36 10 , , , 39831 36 11 for for IN 39831 36 12 the the DT 39831 36 13 changes change NNS 39831 36 14 of of IN 39831 36 15 form form NN 39831 36 16 that that WDT 39831 36 17 take take VBP 39831 36 18 place place NN 39831 36 19 in in IN 39831 36 20 a a DT 39831 36 21 splash splash NN 39831 36 22 are be VBP 39831 36 23 far far RB 39831 36 24 too too RB 39831 36 25 rapid rapid JJ 39831 36 26 to to TO 39831 36 27 come come VB 39831 36 28 within within IN 39831 36 29 reach reach NN 39831 36 30 of of IN 39831 36 31 any any DT 39831 36 32 ordinary ordinary JJ 39831 36 33 kinematograph kinematograph NN 39831 36 34 , , , 39831 36 35 and and CC 39831 36 36 even even RB 39831 36 37 the the DT 39831 36 38 quickest quick JJS 39831 36 39 photographic photographic JJ 39831 36 40 shutter shutter NN 39831 36 41 is be VBZ 39831 36 42 also also RB 39831 36 43 much much RB 39831 36 44 too too RB 39831 36 45 slow slow JJ 39831 36 46 , , , 39831 36 47 so so IN 39831 36 48 that that IN 39831 36 49 it -PRON- PRP 39831 36 50 is be VBZ 39831 36 51 necessary necessary JJ 39831 36 52 to to TO 39831 36 53 have have VB 39831 36 54 recourse recourse VBN 39831 36 55 to to IN 39831 36 56 the the DT 39831 36 57 far far RB 39831 36 58 shorter short JJR 39831 36 59 exposure exposure NN 39831 36 60 of of IN 39831 36 61 a a DT 39831 36 62 suitable suitable JJ 39831 36 63 electric electric JJ 39831 36 64 spark spark NN 39831 36 65 . . . 39831 37 1 The the DT 39831 37 2 originals original NNS 39831 37 3 of of IN 39831 37 4 the the DT 39831 37 5 photographs photograph NNS 39831 37 6 which which WDT 39831 37 7 illustrate illustrate VBP 39831 37 8 this this DT 39831 37 9 book book NN 39831 37 10 were be VBD 39831 37 11 taken take VBN 39831 37 12 by by IN 39831 37 13 means mean NNS 39831 37 14 of of IN 39831 37 15 a a DT 39831 37 16 spark spark NN 39831 37 17 , , , 39831 37 18 whose whose WP$ 39831 37 19 duration duration NN 39831 37 20 was be VBD 39831 37 21 certainly certainly RB 39831 37 22 less less JJR 39831 37 23 than than IN 39831 37 24 three three CD 39831 37 25 - - HYPH 39831 37 26 millionths millionth NNS 39831 37 27 of of IN 39831 37 28 a a DT 39831 37 29 second second JJ 39831 37 30 , , , 39831 37 31 an an DT 39831 37 32 interval interval NN 39831 37 33 of of IN 39831 37 34 time time NN 39831 37 35 which which WDT 39831 37 36 bears bear VBZ 39831 37 37 to to IN 39831 37 38 a a DT 39831 37 39 whole whole JJ 39831 37 40 second second JJ 39831 37 41 about about IN 39831 37 42 the the DT 39831 37 43 same same JJ 39831 37 44 proportion proportion NN 39831 37 45 as as IN 39831 37 46 a a DT 39831 37 47 day day NN 39831 37 48 to to IN 39831 37 49 a a DT 39831 37 50 thousand thousand CD 39831 37 51 years year NNS 39831 37 52 . . . 39831 38 1 In in IN 39831 38 2 order order NN 39831 38 3 to to TO 39831 38 4 obtain obtain VB 39831 38 5 the the DT 39831 38 6 photographs photograph NNS 39831 38 7 , , , 39831 38 8 advantage advantage NN 39831 38 9 was be VBD 39831 38 10 taken take VBN 39831 38 11 of of IN 39831 38 12 the the DT 39831 38 13 fact fact NN 39831 38 14 that that IN 39831 38 15 whatever whatever WDT 39831 38 16 be be VB 39831 38 17 the the DT 39831 38 18 sequence sequence NN 39831 38 19 of of IN 39831 38 20 events event NNS 39831 38 21 in in IN 39831 38 22 any any DT 39831 38 23 particular particular JJ 39831 38 24 splash splash NN 39831 38 25 , , , 39831 38 26 this this DT 39831 38 27 sequence sequence NN 39831 38 28 will will MD 39831 38 29 be be VB 39831 38 30 exactly exactly RB 39831 38 31 repeated repeat VBN 39831 38 32 every every DT 39831 38 33 time time NN 39831 38 34 that that IN 39831 38 35 a a DT 39831 38 36 falling fall VBG 39831 38 37 drop drop NN 39831 38 38 strikes strike VBZ 39831 38 39 the the DT 39831 38 40 surface surface NN 39831 38 41 under under IN 39831 38 42 exactly exactly RB 39831 38 43 the the DT 39831 38 44 same same JJ 39831 38 45 conditions condition NNS 39831 38 46 , , , 39831 38 47 and and CC 39831 38 48 the the DT 39831 38 49 problem problem NN 39831 38 50 to to TO 39831 38 51 be be VB 39831 38 52 solved solve VBN 39831 38 53 was be VBD 39831 38 54 , , , 39831 38 55 therefore therefore RB 39831 38 56 , , , 39831 38 57 as as IN 39831 38 58 follows:--To follows:--to CD 39831 38 59 cause cause VB 39831 38 60 a a DT 39831 38 61 drop drop NN 39831 38 62 of of IN 39831 38 63 definite definite JJ 39831 38 64 size size NN 39831 38 65 to to TO 39831 38 66 fall fall VB 39831 38 67 from from IN 39831 38 68 a a DT 39831 38 69 definite definite JJ 39831 38 70 height height NN 39831 38 71 in in IN 39831 38 72 absolute absolute JJ 39831 38 73 darkness darkness NN 39831 38 74 so so IN 39831 38 75 as as IN 39831 38 76 to to TO 39831 38 77 strike strike VB 39831 38 78 the the DT 39831 38 79 surface surface NN 39831 38 80 of of IN 39831 38 81 the the DT 39831 38 82 liquid liquid NN 39831 38 83 into into IN 39831 38 84 which which WDT 39831 38 85 it -PRON- PRP 39831 38 86 falls fall VBZ 39831 38 87 at at IN 39831 38 88 a a DT 39831 38 89 spot spot NN 39831 38 90 towards towards IN 39831 38 91 which which WDT 39831 38 92 is be VBZ 39831 38 93 directed direct VBN 39831 38 94 a a DT 39831 38 95 photographic photographic JJ 39831 38 96 camera camera NN 39831 38 97 with with IN 39831 38 98 uncovered uncovered JJ 39831 38 99 lens lens NN 39831 38 100 , , , 39831 38 101 and and CC 39831 38 102 armed arm VBN 39831 38 103 with with IN 39831 38 104 an an DT 39831 38 105 exceptionally exceptionally RB 39831 38 106 sensitive sensitive JJ 39831 38 107 plate plate NN 39831 38 108 , , , 39831 38 109 and and CC 39831 38 110 to to TO 39831 38 111 illuminate illuminate VB 39831 38 112 the the DT 39831 38 113 drop drop NN 39831 38 114 at at IN 39831 38 115 the the DT 39831 38 116 instant instant NN 39831 38 117 that that IN 39831 38 118 it -PRON- PRP 39831 38 119 just just RB 39831 38 120 touches touch VBZ 39831 38 121 the the DT 39831 38 122 surface surface NN 39831 38 123 by by IN 39831 38 124 a a DT 39831 38 125 flash flash NN 39831 38 126 of of IN 39831 38 127 such such JJ 39831 38 128 excessively excessively RB 39831 38 129 short short JJ 39831 38 130 duration duration NN 39831 38 131 that that IN 39831 38 132 no no DT 39831 38 133 appreciable appreciable JJ 39831 38 134 change change NN 39831 38 135 of of IN 39831 38 136 form form NN 39831 38 137 can can MD 39831 38 138 take take VB 39831 38 139 place place NN 39831 38 140 while while IN 39831 38 141 the the DT 39831 38 142 drop drop NN 39831 38 143 is be VBZ 39831 38 144 illuminated illuminate VBN 39831 38 145 . . . 39831 39 1 This this DT 39831 39 2 gives give VBZ 39831 39 3 us -PRON- PRP 39831 39 4 a a DT 39831 39 5 photograph photograph NN 39831 39 6 of of IN 39831 39 7 the the DT 39831 39 8 earliest early JJS 39831 39 9 stage stage NN 39831 39 10 . . . 39831 40 1 The the DT 39831 40 2 plate plate NN 39831 40 3 must must MD 39831 40 4 then then RB 39831 40 5 be be VB 39831 40 6 removed remove VBN 39831 40 7 and and CC 39831 40 8 a a DT 39831 40 9 fresh fresh JJ 39831 40 10 one one NN 39831 40 11 substituted substitute VBN 39831 40 12 ; ; : 39831 40 13 a a DT 39831 40 14 second second JJ 39831 40 15 drop drop NN 39831 40 16 , , , 39831 40 17 of of IN 39831 40 18 exactly exactly RB 39831 40 19 the the DT 39831 40 20 same same JJ 39831 40 21 size size NN 39831 40 22 , , , 39831 40 23 must must MD 39831 40 24 be be VB 39831 40 25 let let VBN 39831 40 26 fall fall VB 39831 40 27 from from IN 39831 40 28 exactly exactly RB 39831 40 29 the the DT 39831 40 30 same same JJ 39831 40 31 place place NN 39831 40 32 , , , 39831 40 33 and and CC 39831 40 34 photographed photograph VBN 39831 40 35 in in IN 39831 40 36 just just RB 39831 40 37 the the DT 39831 40 38 same same JJ 39831 40 39 way way NN 39831 40 40 , , , 39831 40 41 but but CC 39831 40 42 the the DT 39831 40 43 flash flash NN 39831 40 44 must must MD 39831 40 45 now now RB 39831 40 46 be be VB 39831 40 47 so so RB 39831 40 48 timed time VBN 39831 40 49 as as IN 39831 40 50 to to TO 39831 40 51 take take VB 39831 40 52 place place NN 39831 40 53 at at IN 39831 40 54 a a DT 39831 40 55 slightly slightly RB 39831 40 56 later later JJ 39831 40 57 stage stage NN 39831 40 58 of of IN 39831 40 59 the the DT 39831 40 60 splash splash NN 39831 40 61 , , , 39831 40 62 say say VBP 39831 40 63 , , , 39831 40 64 one one CD 39831 40 65 - - HYPH 39831 40 66 thousandth thousandth NN 39831 40 67 of of IN 39831 40 68 a a DT 39831 40 69 second second JJ 39831 40 70 later later RB 39831 40 71 . . . 39831 41 1 The the DT 39831 41 2 photographic photographic JJ 39831 41 3 plate plate NN 39831 41 4 must must MD 39831 41 5 be be VB 39831 41 6 then then RB 39831 41 7 again again RB 39831 41 8 removed remove VBN 39831 41 9 and and CC 39831 41 10 a a DT 39831 41 11 third third RB 39831 41 12 substituted substitute VBN 39831 41 13 , , , 39831 41 14 on on IN 39831 41 15 which which WDT 39831 41 16 a a DT 39831 41 17 still still RB 39831 41 18 later later JJ 39831 41 19 stage stage NN 39831 41 20 is be VBZ 39831 41 21 to to TO 39831 41 22 be be VB 39831 41 23 depicted depict VBN 39831 41 24 , , , 39831 41 25 and and CC 39831 41 26 in in IN 39831 41 27 this this DT 39831 41 28 way way NN 39831 41 29 the the DT 39831 41 30 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39831 41 31 can can MD 39831 41 32 be be VB 39831 41 33 followed follow VBN 39831 41 34 step step NN 39831 41 35 by by IN 39831 41 36 step step NN 39831 41 37 . . . 39831 42 1 By by IN 39831 42 2 adopting adopt VBG 39831 42 3 this this DT 39831 42 4 process process NN 39831 42 5 , , , 39831 42 6 and and CC 39831 42 7 not not RB 39831 42 8 attempting attempt VBG 39831 42 9 to to TO 39831 42 10 follow follow VB 39831 42 11 the the DT 39831 42 12 same same JJ 39831 42 13 individual individual JJ 39831 42 14 splash splash NN 39831 42 15 throughout throughout RB 39831 42 16 , , , 39831 42 17 we -PRON- PRP 39831 42 18 avoid avoid VBP 39831 42 19 two two CD 39831 42 20 great great JJ 39831 42 21 difficulties difficulty NNS 39831 42 22 : : : 39831 42 23 ( ( -LRB- 39831 42 24 1 1 LS 39831 42 25 ) ) -RRB- 39831 42 26 the the DT 39831 42 27 necessity necessity NN 39831 42 28 of of IN 39831 42 29 shifting shift VBG 39831 42 30 our -PRON- PRP$ 39831 42 31 photographic photographic JJ 39831 42 32 plate plate NN 39831 42 33 or or CC 39831 42 34 film film NN 39831 42 35 through through IN 39831 42 36 a a DT 39831 42 37 distance distance NN 39831 42 38 equal equal JJ 39831 42 39 to to IN 39831 42 40 the the DT 39831 42 41 breadth breadth NN 39831 42 42 of of IN 39831 42 43 the the DT 39831 42 44 whole whole JJ 39831 42 45 picture picture NN 39831 42 46 every every DT 39831 42 47 five five CD 39831 42 48 hundredth hundredth JJ 39831 42 49 or or CC 39831 42 50 thousandth thousandth NN 39831 42 51 of of IN 39831 42 52 a a DT 39831 42 53 second second JJ 39831 42 54 ( ( -LRB- 39831 42 55 if if IN 39831 42 56 we -PRON- PRP 39831 42 57 wish wish VBP 39831 42 58 to to TO 39831 42 59 obtain obtain VB 39831 42 60 pictures picture NNS 39831 42 61 of of IN 39831 42 62 stages stage NNS 39831 42 63 so so RB 39831 42 64 near near RB 39831 42 65 together together RB 39831 42 66 as as IN 39831 42 67 this this DT 39831 42 68 ) ) -RRB- 39831 42 69 ; ; : 39831 42 70 and and CC 39831 42 71 ( ( -LRB- 39831 42 72 2 2 LS 39831 42 73 ) ) -RRB- 39831 42 74 the the DT 39831 42 75 difficulty difficulty NN 39831 42 76 of of IN 39831 42 77 obtaining obtain VBG 39831 42 78 brilliant brilliant JJ 39831 42 79 flashes flash NNS 39831 42 80 of of IN 39831 42 81 light light NN 39831 42 82 of of IN 39831 42 83 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39831 42 84 short short JJ 39831 42 85 duration duration NN 39831 42 86 at at IN 39831 42 87 these these DT 39831 42 88 very very RB 39831 42 89 short short JJ 39831 42 90 intervals interval NNS 39831 42 91 . . . 39831 43 1 For for IN 39831 43 2 these these DT 39831 43 3 we -PRON- PRP 39831 43 4 substitute substitute VBP 39831 43 5 two two CD 39831 43 6 other other JJ 39831 43 7 difficulties difficulty NNS 39831 43 8 : : : 39831 43 9 ( ( -LRB- 39831 43 10 1 1 LS 39831 43 11 ) ) -RRB- 39831 43 12 that that IN 39831 43 13 of of IN 39831 43 14 delivering deliver VBG 39831 43 15 the the DT 39831 43 16 drops drop NNS 39831 43 17 exactly exactly RB 39831 43 18 as as IN 39831 43 19 required require VBN 39831 43 20 ; ; : 39831 43 21 and and CC 39831 43 22 ( ( -LRB- 39831 43 23 2 2 LS 39831 43 24 ) ) -RRB- 39831 43 25 that that DT 39831 43 26 of of IN 39831 43 27 timing time VBG 39831 43 28 the the DT 39831 43 29 flash flash NN 39831 43 30 on on IN 39831 43 31 each each DT 39831 43 32 occasion occasion NN 39831 43 33 within within IN 39831 43 34 one one CD 39831 43 35 or or CC 39831 43 36 two two CD 39831 43 37 thousandths thousandth NNS 39831 43 38 of of IN 39831 43 39 a a DT 39831 43 40 second second NN 39831 43 41 , , , 39831 43 42 so so IN 39831 43 43 as as IN 39831 43 44 to to TO 39831 43 45 pick pick VB 39831 43 46 out out RP 39831 43 47 the the DT 39831 43 48 exact exact JJ 39831 43 49 stage stage NN 39831 43 50 we -PRON- PRP 39831 43 51 wish wish VBP 39831 43 52 to to TO 39831 43 53 photograph photograph NNP 39831 43 54 . . . 39831 44 1 I -PRON- PRP 39831 44 2 will will MD 39831 44 3 now now RB 39831 44 4 describe describe VB 39831 44 5 how how WRB 39831 44 6 these these DT 39831 44 7 two two CD 39831 44 8 problems problem NNS 39831 44 9 have have VBP 39831 44 10 been be VBN 39831 44 11 solved solve VBN 39831 44 12 . . . 39831 45 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 45 2 is be VBZ 39831 45 3 easy easy JJ 39831 45 4 enough enough RB 39831 45 5 to to TO 39831 45 6 arrange arrange VB 39831 45 7 for for IN 39831 45 8 the the DT 39831 45 9 production production NN 39831 45 10 of of IN 39831 45 11 small small JJ 39831 45 12 drops drop NNS 39831 45 13 of of IN 39831 45 14 almost almost RB 39831 45 15 exactly exactly RB 39831 45 16 equal equal JJ 39831 45 17 size size NN 39831 45 18 . . . 39831 46 1 They -PRON- PRP 39831 46 2 may may MD 39831 46 3 be be VB 39831 46 4 allowed allow VBN 39831 46 5 to to TO 39831 46 6 fall fall VB 39831 46 7 one one CD 39831 46 8 by by IN 39831 46 9 one one CD 39831 46 10 at at IN 39831 46 11 a a DT 39831 46 12 steady steady JJ 39831 46 13 rate rate NN 39831 46 14 from from IN 39831 46 15 the the DT 39831 46 16 end end NN 39831 46 17 of of IN 39831 46 18 a a DT 39831 46 19 fine fine JJ 39831 46 20 glass glass NN 39831 46 21 tube tube NN 39831 46 22 connected connect VBN 39831 46 23 to to IN 39831 46 24 a a DT 39831 46 25 vessel vessel NN 39831 46 26 in in IN 39831 46 27 which which WDT 39831 46 28 the the DT 39831 46 29 liquid liquid NN 39831 46 30 is be VBZ 39831 46 31 maintained maintain VBN 39831 46 32 at at IN 39831 46 33 a a DT 39831 46 34 constant constant JJ 39831 46 35 level level NN 39831 46 36 , , , 39831 46 37 as as IN 39831 46 38 in in IN 39831 46 39 Fig Fig NNP 39831 46 40 . . . 39831 47 1 1 1 CD 39831 47 2 , , , 39831 47 3 or or CC 39831 47 4 they -PRON- PRP 39831 47 5 may may MD 39831 47 6 be be VB 39831 47 7 squeezed squeeze VBN 39831 47 8 out out RP 39831 47 9 slowly slowly RB 39831 47 10 as as IN 39831 47 11 required require VBN 39831 47 12 by by IN 39831 47 13 means mean NNS 39831 47 14 of of IN 39831 47 15 a a DT 39831 47 16 syringe syringe NN 39831 47 17 held hold VBN 39831 47 18 in in IN 39831 47 19 a a DT 39831 47 20 clip clip NN 39831 47 21 as as IN 39831 47 22 in in IN 39831 47 23 Fig Fig NNP 39831 47 24 . . . 39831 48 1 2 2 LS 39831 48 2 . . . 39831 49 1 Any any DT 39831 49 2 required required JJ 39831 49 3 number number NN 39831 49 4 of of IN 39831 49 5 these these DT 39831 49 6 small small JJ 39831 49 7 drops drop NNS 39831 49 8 can can MD 39831 49 9 be be VB 39831 49 10 caught catch VBN 39831 49 11 , , , 39831 49 12 and and CC 39831 49 13 allowed allow VBN 39831 49 14 to to TO 39831 49 15 run run VB 39831 49 16 together together RB 39831 49 17 if if IN 39831 49 18 a a DT 39831 49 19 larger large JJR 39831 49 20 drop drop NN 39831 49 21 is be VBZ 39831 49 22 to to TO 39831 49 23 be be VB 39831 49 24 experimented experiment VBN 39831 49 25 with with IN 39831 49 26 . . . 39831 50 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 50 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 50 3 : : : 39831 50 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 50 5 . . . 39831 51 1 1 1 LS 39831 51 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 51 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 51 4 Illustration illustration NN 39831 51 5 : : : 39831 51 6 FIG FIG NNP 39831 51 7 . . . 39831 52 1 2 2 LS 39831 52 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 52 3 If if IN 39831 52 4 the the DT 39831 52 5 liquid liquid NN 39831 52 6 used use VBN 39831 52 7 is be VBZ 39831 52 8 mercury mercury NN 39831 52 9 , , , 39831 52 10 the the DT 39831 52 11 drops drop NNS 39831 52 12 may may MD 39831 52 13 be be VB 39831 52 14 caught catch VBN 39831 52 15 in in IN 39831 52 16 any any DT 39831 52 17 little little JJ 39831 52 18 glass glass NN 39831 52 19 cup cup NN 39831 52 20 such such JJ 39831 52 21 as as IN 39831 52 22 a a DT 39831 52 23 deeply deeply RB 39831 52 24 concave concave NNP 39831 52 25 watch watch NN 39831 52 26 - - HYPH 39831 52 27 glass glass NN 39831 52 28 ; ; : 39831 52 29 but but CC 39831 52 30 other other JJ 39831 52 31 liquids liquid NNS 39831 52 32 , , , 39831 52 33 such such JJ 39831 52 34 as as IN 39831 52 35 water water NN 39831 52 36 or or CC 39831 52 37 milk milk NN 39831 52 38 , , , 39831 52 39 would would MD 39831 52 40 wet wet VB 39831 52 41 the the DT 39831 52 42 glass glass NN 39831 52 43 and and CC 39831 52 44 stick stick VBP 39831 52 45 to to IN 39831 52 46 it -PRON- PRP 39831 52 47 . . . 39831 53 1 If if IN 39831 53 2 , , , 39831 53 3 however however RB 39831 53 4 , , , 39831 53 5 the the DT 39831 53 6 inside inside JJ 39831 53 7 surface surface NN 39831 53 8 of of IN 39831 53 9 the the DT 39831 53 10 watch watch NN 39831 53 11 - - HYPH 39831 53 12 glass glass NN 39831 53 13 be be VB 39831 53 14 first first RB 39831 53 15 carefully carefully RB 39831 53 16 smoked smoke VBN 39831 53 17 in in IN 39831 53 18 the the DT 39831 53 19 flame flame NN 39831 53 20 of of IN 39831 53 21 a a DT 39831 53 22 candle candle NN 39831 53 23 , , , 39831 53 24 then then RB 39831 53 25 even even RB 39831 53 26 water water NN 39831 53 27 or or CC 39831 53 28 milk milk NN 39831 53 29 will will MD 39831 53 30 roll roll VB 39831 53 31 over over IN 39831 53 32 it -PRON- PRP 39831 53 33 without without IN 39831 53 34 sticking stick VBG 39831 53 35 , , , 39831 53 36 and and CC 39831 53 37 the the DT 39831 53 38 drop drop NN 39831 53 39 thus thus RB 39831 53 40 made make VBN 39831 53 41 up up RP 39831 53 42 will will MD 39831 53 43 retain retain VB 39831 53 44 a a DT 39831 53 45 spheroidal spheroidal JJ 39831 53 46 form form NN 39831 53 47 , , , 39831 53 48 and and CC 39831 53 49 can can MD 39831 53 50 be be VB 39831 53 51 conveyed convey VBN 39831 53 52 to to IN 39831 53 53 the the DT 39831 53 54 place place NN 39831 53 55 of of IN 39831 53 56 observation observation NN 39831 53 57 in in IN 39831 53 58 the the DT 39831 53 59 dark dark JJ 39831 53 60 room room NN 39831 53 61 , , , 39831 53 62 where where WRB 39831 53 63 it -PRON- PRP 39831 53 64 is be VBZ 39831 53 65 transferred transfer VBN 39831 53 66 to to IN 39831 53 67 the the DT 39831 53 68 " " `` 39831 53 69 dropping dropping NNP 39831 53 70 cup cup NN 39831 53 71 . . . 39831 53 72 " " '' 39831 54 1 This this DT 39831 54 2 consists consist VBZ 39831 54 3 of of IN 39831 54 4 a a DT 39831 54 5 similar similar JJ 39831 54 6 , , , 39831 54 7 deep deep JJ 39831 54 8 , , , 39831 54 9 smoked smoke VBN 39831 54 10 watch watch NN 39831 54 11 - - HYPH 39831 54 12 glass glass NN 39831 54 13 ( ( -LRB- 39831 54 14 W)--see W)--see NNP 39831 54 15 Plate Plate NNP 39831 54 16 I -PRON- PRP 39831 54 17 -- -- : 39831 54 18 supported support VBN 39831 54 19 on on IN 39831 54 20 the the DT 39831 54 21 end end NN 39831 54 22 of of IN 39831 54 23 a a DT 39831 54 24 small small JJ 39831 54 25 horizontal horizontal JJ 39831 54 26 lever lever NN 39831 54 27 , , , 39831 54 28 a a DT 39831 54 29 light light JJ 39831 54 30 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 39831 54 31 rod rod NN 39831 54 32 of of IN 39831 54 33 about about IN 39831 54 34 the the DT 39831 54 35 dimensions dimension NNS 39831 54 36 of of IN 39831 54 37 an an DT 39831 54 38 ordinary ordinary JJ 39831 54 39 uncut uncut JJ 39831 54 40 lead lead NN 39831 54 41 pencil pencil NN 39831 54 42 , , , 39831 54 43 pivoted pivot VBN 39831 54 44 about about IN 39831 54 45 a a DT 39831 54 46 horizontal horizontal JJ 39831 54 47 axle axle NN 39831 54 48 near near IN 39831 54 49 the the DT 39831 54 50 end end NN 39831 54 51 to to TO 39831 54 52 which which WDT 39831 54 53 the the DT 39831 54 54 watch watch NN 39831 54 55 - - HYPH 39831 54 56 glass glass NN 39831 54 57 is be VBZ 39831 54 58 attached attach VBN 39831 54 59 . . . 39831 55 1 The the DT 39831 55 2 other other JJ 39831 55 3 end end NN 39831 55 4 is be VBZ 39831 55 5 armed arm VBN 39831 55 6 with with IN 39831 55 7 a a DT 39831 55 8 small small JJ 39831 55 9 light light JJ 39831 55 10 piece piece NN 39831 55 11 of of IN 39831 55 12 iron iron NN 39831 55 13 ( ( -LRB- 39831 55 14 I i NN 39831 55 15 ) ) -RRB- 39831 55 16 and and CC 39831 55 17 is be VBZ 39831 55 18 held hold VBN 39831 55 19 in in IN 39831 55 20 position position NN 39831 55 21 by by IN 39831 55 22 means mean NNS 39831 55 23 of of IN 39831 55 24 an an DT 39831 55 25 electro electro JJ 39831 55 26 - - HYPH 39831 55 27 magnet magnet NN 39831 55 28 ( ( -LRB- 39831 55 29 M m NN 39831 55 30 ) ) -RRB- 39831 55 31 , , , 39831 55 32 against against IN 39831 55 33 the the DT 39831 55 34 action action NN 39831 55 35 of of IN 39831 55 36 a a DT 39831 55 37 spring spring NN 39831 55 38 . . . 39831 56 1 On on IN 39831 56 2 cutting cut VBG 39831 56 3 off off RP 39831 56 4 the the DT 39831 56 5 current current NN 39831 56 6 from from IN 39831 56 7 the the DT 39831 56 8 electro electro JJ 39831 56 9 - - HYPH 39831 56 10 magnet magnet NN 39831 56 11 the the DT 39831 56 12 spring spring NN 39831 56 13 , , , 39831 56 14 acting act VBG 39831 56 15 as as IN 39831 56 16 a a DT 39831 56 17 catapult catapult NN 39831 56 18 , , , 39831 56 19 tosses toss VBZ 39831 56 20 up up RP 39831 56 21 the the DT 39831 56 22 longer long JJR 39831 56 23 arm arm NN 39831 56 24 of of IN 39831 56 25 the the DT 39831 56 26 lever lever NN 39831 56 27 and and CC 39831 56 28 thus thus RB 39831 56 29 removes remove VBZ 39831 56 30 the the DT 39831 56 31 watch watch NN 39831 56 32 - - HYPH 39831 56 33 glass glass NN 39831 56 34 from from IN 39831 56 35 below below IN 39831 56 36 the the DT 39831 56 37 drop drop NN 39831 56 38 ( ( -LRB- 39831 56 39 D d NN 39831 56 40 ) ) -RRB- 39831 56 41 , , , 39831 56 42 which which WDT 39831 56 43 is be VBZ 39831 56 44 left leave VBN 39831 56 45 unsupported unsupported JJ 39831 56 46 in in IN 39831 56 47 mid mid NN 39831 56 48 - - NN 39831 56 49 air air NN 39831 56 50 , , , 39831 56 51 so so IN 39831 56 52 that that IN 39831 56 53 it -PRON- PRP 39831 56 54 falls fall VBZ 39831 56 55 from from IN 39831 56 56 a a DT 39831 56 57 definite definite JJ 39831 56 58 fixed fix VBN 39831 56 59 distance distance NN 39831 56 60 into into IN 39831 56 61 a a DT 39831 56 62 bowl bowl NN 39831 56 63 of of IN 39831 56 64 water water NN 39831 56 65 placed place VBN 39831 56 66 below below IN 39831 56 67 it -PRON- PRP 39831 56 68 , , , 39831 56 69 towards towards IN 39831 56 70 the the DT 39831 56 71 surface surface NN 39831 56 72 of of IN 39831 56 73 which which WDT 39831 56 74 the the DT 39831 56 75 camera camera NN 39831 56 76 ( ( -LRB- 39831 56 77 C c NN 39831 56 78 ) ) -RRB- 39831 56 79 is be VBZ 39831 56 80 directed direct VBN 39831 56 81 . . . 39831 57 1 This this DT 39831 57 2 solves solve VBZ 39831 57 3 problem problem NN 39831 57 4 number number NN 39831 57 5 one one CD 39831 57 6 . . . 39831 58 1 Of of RB 39831 58 2 course course RB 39831 58 3 , , , 39831 58 4 if if IN 39831 58 5 we -PRON- PRP 39831 58 6 wish wish VBP 39831 58 7 to to TO 39831 58 8 observe observe VB 39831 58 9 the the DT 39831 58 10 splash splash NN 39831 58 11 of of IN 39831 58 12 a a DT 39831 58 13 solid solid JJ 39831 58 14 sphere sphere NN 39831 58 15 , , , 39831 58 16 there there EX 39831 58 17 is be VBZ 39831 58 18 no no DT 39831 58 19 need need NN 39831 58 20 to to TO 39831 58 21 smoke smoke VB 39831 58 22 the the DT 39831 58 23 surface surface NN 39831 58 24 of of IN 39831 58 25 the the DT 39831 58 26 watch watch NN 39831 58 27 - - HYPH 39831 58 28 glass glass NN 39831 58 29 . . . 39831 59 1 Indeed indeed RB 39831 59 2 , , , 39831 59 3 the the DT 39831 59 4 sphere sphere NN 39831 59 5 may may MD 39831 59 6 be be VB 39831 59 7 more more RBR 39831 59 8 conveniently conveniently RB 39831 59 9 supported support VBN 39831 59 10 on on IN 39831 59 11 a a DT 39831 59 12 small small JJ 39831 59 13 ring ring NN 39831 59 14 . . . 39831 60 1 Now now RB 39831 60 2 for for IN 39831 60 3 the the DT 39831 60 4 production production NN 39831 60 5 and and CC 39831 60 6 timing timing NN 39831 60 7 of of IN 39831 60 8 the the DT 39831 60 9 flash flash NN 39831 60 10 . . . 39831 61 1 Two two CD 39831 61 2 large large JJ 39831 61 3 Leyden leyden JJ 39831 61 4 jars jar NNS 39831 61 5 ( ( -LRB- 39831 61 6 JJ JJ NNP 39831 61 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 61 8 are be VBP 39831 61 9 provided provide VBN 39831 61 10 , , , 39831 61 11 and and CC 39831 61 12 charged charge VBN 39831 61 13 by by IN 39831 61 14 an an DT 39831 61 15 electrical electrical JJ 39831 61 16 machine machine NN 39831 61 17 on on IN 39831 61 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 39831 61 19 inner inner JJ 39831 61 20 coats coat NNS 39831 61 21 , , , 39831 61 22 one one CD 39831 61 23 positively positively RB 39831 61 24 and and CC 39831 61 25 one one NN 39831 61 26 negatively negatively RB 39831 61 27 . . . 39831 62 1 Stout stout JJ 39831 62 2 wires wire NNS 39831 62 3 lead lead VBP 39831 62 4 from from IN 39831 62 5 the the DT 39831 62 6 outer outer JJ 39831 62 7 coats coat NNS 39831 62 8 to to IN 39831 62 9 the the DT 39831 62 10 dark dark JJ 39831 62 11 room room NN 39831 62 12 , , , 39831 62 13 and and CC 39831 62 14 terminate terminate VB 39831 62 15 in in IN 39831 62 16 a a DT 39831 62 17 spark spark NN 39831 62 18 - - HYPH 39831 62 19 gap gap NN 39831 62 20 ( ( -LRB- 39831 62 21 S s NN 39831 62 22 ) ) -RRB- 39831 62 23 between between IN 39831 62 24 magnesium magnesium NN 39831 62 25 terminals terminal NNS 39831 62 26 close close JJ 39831 62 27 over over IN 39831 62 28 the the DT 39831 62 29 surface surface NN 39831 62 30 of of IN 39831 62 31 the the DT 39831 62 32 water water NN 39831 62 33 in in IN 39831 62 34 the the DT 39831 62 35 bowl bowl NN 39831 62 36 just just RB 39831 62 37 mentioned mention VBN 39831 62 38 . . . 39831 63 1 If if IN 39831 63 2 the the DT 39831 63 3 inner inner JJ 39831 63 4 coats coat NNS 39831 63 5 are be VBP 39831 63 6 now now RB 39831 63 7 connected connect VBN 39831 63 8 together together RB 39831 63 9 , , , 39831 63 10 the the DT 39831 63 11 positive positive JJ 39831 63 12 and and CC 39831 63 13 negative negative JJ 39831 63 14 charges charge NNS 39831 63 15 unite unite VBP 39831 63 16 with with IN 39831 63 17 a a DT 39831 63 18 dazzling dazzling JJ 39831 63 19 flash flash NN 39831 63 20 and and CC 39831 63 21 a a DT 39831 63 22 simultaneous simultaneous JJ 39831 63 23 discharge discharge NN 39831 63 24 and and CC 39831 63 25 flash flash NN 39831 63 26 takes take VBZ 39831 63 27 place place NN 39831 63 28 between between IN 39831 63 29 the the DT 39831 63 30 two two CD 39831 63 31 outer outer JJ 39831 63 32 coats coat NNS 39831 63 33 across across IN 39831 63 34 the the DT 39831 63 35 spark spark NN 39831 63 36 - - HYPH 39831 63 37 gap gap NN 39831 63 38 in in IN 39831 63 39 the the DT 39831 63 40 dark dark JJ 39831 63 41 room room NN 39831 63 42 . . . 39831 64 1 This this DT 39831 64 2 latter latter NN 39831 64 3 is be VBZ 39831 64 4 the the DT 39831 64 5 illuminating illuminating NN 39831 64 6 spark spark NN 39831 64 7 ; ; : 39831 64 8 we -PRON- PRP 39831 64 9 have have VBP 39831 64 10 now now RB 39831 64 11 to to TO 39831 64 12 time time NN 39831 64 13 it -PRON- PRP 39831 64 14 correctly correctly RB 39831 64 15 . . . 39831 65 1 For for IN 39831 65 2 this this DT 39831 65 3 purpose purpose NN 39831 65 4 it -PRON- PRP 39831 65 5 is be VBZ 39831 65 6 arranged arrange VBN 39831 65 7 that that IN 39831 65 8 the the DT 39831 65 9 discharge discharge NN 39831 65 10 shall shall MD 39831 65 11 be be VB 39831 65 12 effected effect VBN 39831 65 13 by by IN 39831 65 14 means mean NNS 39831 65 15 of of IN 39831 65 16 a a DT 39831 65 17 falling fall VBG 39831 65 18 metal metal NN 39831 65 19 sphere sphere NN 39831 65 20 ( ( -LRB- 39831 65 21 T T NNP 39831 65 22 ) ) -RRB- 39831 65 23 which which WDT 39831 65 24 I -PRON- PRP 39831 65 25 shall shall MD 39831 65 26 call call VB 39831 65 27 the the DT 39831 65 28 timing timing NN 39831 65 29 sphere sphere NN 39831 65 30 , , , 39831 65 31 which which WDT 39831 65 32 passes pass VBZ 39831 65 33 between between IN 39831 65 34 two two CD 39831 65 35 terminals terminal NNS 39831 65 36 S S NNP 39831 65 37 and and CC 39831 65 38 S S NNP 39831 65 39 connected connect VBD 39831 65 40 one one CD 39831 65 41 to to IN 39831 65 42 the the DT 39831 65 43 inside inside NN 39831 65 44 of of IN 39831 65 45 one one CD 39831 65 46 jar jar NN 39831 65 47 and and CC 39831 65 48 one one CD 39831 65 49 to to IN 39831 65 50 the the DT 39831 65 51 inside inside NN 39831 65 52 of of IN 39831 65 53 the the DT 39831 65 54 other other JJ 39831 65 55 . . . 39831 66 1 These these DT 39831 66 2 terminals terminal NNS 39831 66 3 are be VBP 39831 66 4 just just RB 39831 66 5 too too RB 39831 66 6 far far RB 39831 66 7 apart apart RB 39831 66 8 for for IN 39831 66 9 a a DT 39831 66 10 spark spark NN 39831 66 11 to to TO 39831 66 12 leap leap VB 39831 66 13 across across RP 39831 66 14 , , , 39831 66 15 till till IN 39831 66 16 the the DT 39831 66 17 timing timing NN 39831 66 18 sphere sphere RB 39831 66 19 passes pass VBZ 39831 66 20 between between IN 39831 66 21 them -PRON- PRP 39831 66 22 and and CC 39831 66 23 thus thus RB 39831 66 24 shortens shorten VBZ 39831 66 25 the the DT 39831 66 26 gap gap NN 39831 66 27 ; ; : 39831 66 28 then then RB 39831 66 29 the the DT 39831 66 30 discharge discharge NN 39831 66 31 takes take VBZ 39831 66 32 place place NN 39831 66 33 , , , 39831 66 34 with with IN 39831 66 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 66 36 accompanying accompanying JJ 39831 66 37 flash flash NN 39831 66 38 in in IN 39831 66 39 the the DT 39831 66 40 dark dark JJ 39831 66 41 room room NN 39831 66 42 . . . 39831 67 1 The the DT 39831 67 2 release release NN 39831 67 3 of of IN 39831 67 4 the the DT 39831 67 5 timing timing NN 39831 67 6 sphere sphere NN 39831 67 7 is be VBZ 39831 67 8 effected effect VBN 39831 67 9 by by IN 39831 67 10 an an DT 39831 67 11 arrangement arrangement NN 39831 67 12 of of IN 39831 67 13 lever lever NN 39831 67 14 and and CC 39831 67 15 spring spring NN 39831 67 16 controlled control VBN 39831 67 17 by by IN 39831 67 18 an an DT 39831 67 19 electro electro JJ 39831 67 20 - - HYPH 39831 67 21 magnet magnet NN 39831 67 22 exactly exactly RB 39831 67 23 similar similar JJ 39831 67 24 to to IN 39831 67 25 that that DT 39831 67 26 which which WDT 39831 67 27 releases release VBZ 39831 67 28 the the DT 39831 67 29 drop drop NN 39831 67 30 in in IN 39831 67 31 the the DT 39831 67 32 dark dark JJ 39831 67 33 room room NN 39831 67 34 , , , 39831 67 35 and and CC 39831 67 36 the the DT 39831 67 37 two two CD 39831 67 38 electro electro NNP 39831 67 39 - - HYPH 39831 67 40 magnets magnet NNS 39831 67 41 _ _ NNP 39831 67 42 are be VBP 39831 67 43 on on IN 39831 67 44 the the DT 39831 67 45 same same JJ 39831 67 46 electric electric NNP 39831 67 47 circuit circuit NNP 39831 67 48 _ _ NNP 39831 67 49 , , , 39831 67 50 so so IN 39831 67 51 that that IN 39831 67 52 the the DT 39831 67 53 drop drop NN 39831 67 54 and and CC 39831 67 55 timing timing NN 39831 67 56 sphere sphere RB 39831 67 57 _ _ NNP 39831 67 58 are be VBP 39831 67 59 released release VBN 39831 67 60 simultaneously simultaneously RB 39831 67 61 _ _ NNP 39831 67 62 . . . 39831 68 1 But but CC 39831 68 2 while while IN 39831 68 3 the the DT 39831 68 4 drop drop NN 39831 68 5 always always RB 39831 68 6 falls fall VBZ 39831 68 7 the the DT 39831 68 8 same same JJ 39831 68 9 distance distance NN 39831 68 10 , , , 39831 68 11 the the DT 39831 68 12 height height NN 39831 68 13 through through IN 39831 68 14 which which WDT 39831 68 15 the the DT 39831 68 16 timing timing NN 39831 68 17 sphere sphere RB 39831 68 18 has have VBZ 39831 68 19 to to TO 39831 68 20 fall fall VB 39831 68 21 before before IN 39831 68 22 producing produce VBG 39831 68 23 discharge discharge NN 39831 68 24 can can MD 39831 68 25 be be VB 39831 68 26 adjusted adjust VBN 39831 68 27 at at IN 39831 68 28 will will NN 39831 68 29 , , , 39831 68 30 and and CC 39831 68 31 to to IN 39831 68 32 great great JJ 39831 68 33 nicety nicety NN 39831 68 34 , , , 39831 68 35 by by IN 39831 68 36 moving move VBG 39831 68 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 68 38 releasing releasing NN 39831 68 39 - - HYPH 39831 68 40 lever lever NN 39831 68 41 up up RB 39831 68 42 or or CC 39831 68 43 down down IN 39831 68 44 a a DT 39831 68 45 vertical vertical JJ 39831 68 46 support support NN 39831 68 47 with with IN 39831 68 48 a a DT 39831 68 49 scale scale NN 39831 68 50 attached attach VBN 39831 68 51 . . . 39831 69 1 If if IN 39831 69 2 , , , 39831 69 3 for for IN 39831 69 4 example example NN 39831 69 5 , , , 39831 69 6 a a DT 39831 69 7 particular particular JJ 39831 69 8 stage stage NN 39831 69 9 of of IN 39831 69 10 the the DT 39831 69 11 splash splash NN 39831 69 12 is be VBZ 39831 69 13 photographed photograph VBN 39831 69 14 when when WRB 39831 69 15 the the DT 39831 69 16 timing timing NN 39831 69 17 sphere sphere NN 39831 69 18 falls fall VBZ 39831 69 19 just just RB 39831 69 20 four four CD 39831 69 21 feet foot NNS 39831 69 22 to to IN 39831 69 23 the the DT 39831 69 24 gap gap NN 39831 69 25 , , , 39831 69 26 then then RB 39831 69 27 by by IN 39831 69 28 raising raise VBG 39831 69 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 69 30 releasing releasing NN 39831 69 31 - - : 39831 69 32 lever lever NN 39831 69 33 about about RB 39831 69 34 two two CD 39831 69 35 - - HYPH 39831 69 36 fifths fifth NNS 39831 69 37 of of IN 39831 69 38 an an DT 39831 69 39 inch inch NN 39831 69 40 , , , 39831 69 41 the the DT 39831 69 42 laws law NNS 39831 69 43 of of IN 39831 69 44 falling fall VBG 39831 69 45 bodies body NNS 39831 69 46 tell tell VBP 39831 69 47 us -PRON- PRP 39831 69 48 that that IN 39831 69 49 we -PRON- PRP 39831 69 50 shall shall MD 39831 69 51 postpone postpone VB 39831 69 52 the the DT 39831 69 53 flash flash NN 39831 69 54 by by IN 39831 69 55 just just RB 39831 69 56 one one CD 39831 69 57 - - HYPH 39831 69 58 thousandth thousandth NN 39831 69 59 of of IN 39831 69 60 a a DT 39831 69 61 second second JJ 39831 69 62 , , , 39831 69 63 and and CC 39831 69 64 the the DT 39831 69 65 next next JJ 39831 69 66 photograph photograph NN 39831 69 67 will will MD 39831 69 68 accordingly accordingly RB 39831 69 69 reveal reveal VB 39831 69 70 a a DT 39831 69 71 stage stage NN 39831 69 72 just just RB 39831 69 73 so so RB 39831 69 74 much much RB 39831 69 75 later later RB 39831 69 76 . . . 39831 70 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 70 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 70 3 : : : 39831 70 4 PLATE PLATE NNP 39831 70 5 I I NNP 39831 70 6 Arrangement Arrangement NNP 39831 70 7 of of IN 39831 70 8 apparatus apparatus NN 39831 70 9 for for IN 39831 70 10 photographing photograph VBG 39831 70 11 splashes splash NNS 39831 70 12 . . . 39831 71 1 LABORATORY LABORATORY NNP 39831 71 2 E E NNP 39831 71 3 is be VBZ 39831 71 4 the the DT 39831 71 5 electrical electrical JJ 39831 71 6 machine machine NN 39831 71 7 . . . 39831 72 1 J J NNP 39831 72 2 J J NNP 39831 72 3 are be VBP 39831 72 4 the the DT 39831 72 5 Leyden leyden JJ 39831 72 6 jars jar NNS 39831 72 7 whose whose WP$ 39831 72 8 inner inner JJ 39831 72 9 coats coat NNS 39831 72 10 are be VBP 39831 72 11 connected connect VBN 39831 72 12 to to IN 39831 72 13 the the DT 39831 72 14 sparking sparking NN 39831 72 15 knobs knob NNS 39831 72 16 S S NNP 39831 72 17 S. S. NNP 39831 72 18 L L NNP 39831 72 19 is be VBZ 39831 72 20 the the DT 39831 72 21 lever lever NN 39831 72 22 for for IN 39831 72 23 releasing release VBG 39831 72 24 the the DT 39831 72 25 timing timing NN 39831 72 26 sphere sphere RB 39831 72 27 T. T. NNP 39831 72 28 C C NNP 39831 72 29 is be VBZ 39831 72 30 the the DT 39831 72 31 catapult catapult NN 39831 72 32 . . . 39831 73 1 I -PRON- PRP 39831 73 2 is be VBZ 39831 73 3 the the DT 39831 73 4 light light JJ 39831 73 5 strip strip NN 39831 73 6 of of IN 39831 73 7 iron iron NN 39831 73 8 held hold VBN 39831 73 9 down down RP 39831 73 10 by by IN 39831 73 11 the the DT 39831 73 12 electro electro NNP 39831 73 13 - - HYPH 39831 73 14 magnet magnet NN 39831 73 15 M. M. NNP 39831 73 16 DARK DARK NNP 39831 73 17 ROOM room NN 39831 73 18 D d NN 39831 73 19 is be VBZ 39831 73 20 the the DT 39831 73 21 drop drop NN 39831 73 22 resting rest VBG 39831 73 23 on on IN 39831 73 24 the the DT 39831 73 25 smoked smoke VBN 39831 73 26 watch watch NN 39831 73 27 - - HYPH 39831 73 28 glass glass NN 39831 73 29 W. W. NNP 39831 73 30 M M NNP 39831 73 31 is be VBZ 39831 73 32 the the DT 39831 73 33 electro electro JJ 39831 73 34 - - HYPH 39831 73 35 magnet magnet NN 39831 73 36 holding hold VBG 39831 73 37 down down IN 39831 73 38 the the DT 39831 73 39 lever lever NN 39831 73 40 against against IN 39831 73 41 the the DT 39831 73 42 action action NN 39831 73 43 of of IN 39831 73 44 the the DT 39831 73 45 catapult catapult NN 39831 73 46 , , , 39831 73 47 by by IN 39831 73 48 means mean NNS 39831 73 49 of of IN 39831 73 50 the the DT 39831 73 51 thin thin JJ 39831 73 52 strip strip NN 39831 73 53 of of IN 39831 73 54 iron iron NN 39831 73 55 I. i. NN 39831 74 1 C C NNP 39831 74 2 is be VBZ 39831 74 3 the the DT 39831 74 4 camera camera NN 39831 74 5 directed direct VBN 39831 74 6 towards towards IN 39831 74 7 the the DT 39831 74 8 liquid liquid JJ 39831 74 9 L l NN 39831 74 10 into into IN 39831 74 11 which which WDT 39831 74 12 the the DT 39831 74 13 drop drop NN 39831 74 14 will will MD 39831 74 15 fall fall VB 39831 74 16 . . . 39831 75 1 S S NNP 39831 75 2 is be VBZ 39831 75 3 the the DT 39831 75 4 spark spark NN 39831 75 5 - - HYPH 39831 75 6 gap gap NN 39831 75 7 between between IN 39831 75 8 magnesium magnesium NN 39831 75 9 terminals terminal NNS 39831 75 10 connected connect VBN 39831 75 11 to to IN 39831 75 12 the the DT 39831 75 13 outer outer JJ 39831 75 14 coats coat NNS 39831 75 15 of of IN 39831 75 16 the the DT 39831 75 17 Leyden leyden JJ 39831 75 18 jars jar NNS 39831 75 19 . . . 39831 76 1 R r NN 39831 76 2 is be VBZ 39831 76 3 the the DT 39831 76 4 concave concave NNP 39831 76 5 mirror mirror NN 39831 76 6 . . . 39831 76 7 ] ] -RRB- 39831 77 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 77 2 ought ought MD 39831 77 3 still still RB 39831 77 4 to to TO 39831 77 5 be be VB 39831 77 6 mentioned mention VBN 39831 77 7 that that DT 39831 77 8 to to TO 39831 77 9 make make VB 39831 77 10 the the DT 39831 77 11 utmost utmost JJ 39831 77 12 use use NN 39831 77 13 of of IN 39831 77 14 the the DT 39831 77 15 illuminating illuminate VBG 39831 77 16 power power NN 39831 77 17 of of IN 39831 77 18 the the DT 39831 77 19 spark spark NN 39831 77 20 , , , 39831 77 21 it -PRON- PRP 39831 77 22 is be VBZ 39831 77 23 necessary necessary JJ 39831 77 24 to to TO 39831 77 25 place place VB 39831 77 26 close close RB 39831 77 27 behind behind IN 39831 77 28 it -PRON- PRP 39831 77 29 a a DT 39831 77 30 little little JJ 39831 77 31 concave concave JJ 39831 77 32 mirror mirror NN 39831 77 33 ( ( -LRB- 39831 77 34 R r NN 39831 77 35 ) ) -RRB- 39831 77 36 , , , 39831 77 37 by by IN 39831 77 38 means mean NNS 39831 77 39 of of IN 39831 77 40 which which WDT 39831 77 41 a a DT 39831 77 42 compact compact JJ 39831 77 43 beam beam NN 39831 77 44 of of IN 39831 77 45 rays ray NNS 39831 77 46 , , , 39831 77 47 which which WDT 39831 77 48 would would MD 39831 77 49 otherwise otherwise RB 39831 77 50 have have VB 39831 77 51 been be VBN 39831 77 52 wasted waste VBN 39831 77 53 , , , 39831 77 54 is be VBZ 39831 77 55 directed direct VBN 39831 77 56 to to IN 39831 77 57 the the DT 39831 77 58 required require VBN 39831 77 59 spot spot NN 39831 77 60 . . . 39831 78 1 By by IN 39831 78 2 this this DT 39831 78 3 addition addition NN 39831 78 4 we -PRON- PRP 39831 78 5 imitate imitate VBP 39831 78 6 , , , 39831 78 7 in in IN 39831 78 8 miniature miniature NN 39831 78 9 , , , 39831 78 10 the the DT 39831 78 11 search search NN 39831 78 12 - - HYPH 39831 78 13 light light NN 39831 78 14 of of IN 39831 78 15 a a DT 39831 78 16 man man NN 39831 78 17 - - HYPH 39831 78 18 of of IN 39831 78 19 - - HYPH 39831 78 20 war war NN 39831 78 21 . . . 39831 79 1 * * NFP 39831 79 2 * * NFP 39831 79 3 * * NFP 39831 79 4 * * NFP 39831 79 5 * * NFP 39831 79 6 As as IN 39831 79 7 with with IN 39831 79 8 all all DT 39831 79 9 experimental experimental JJ 39831 79 10 devices device NNS 39831 79 11 , , , 39831 79 12 the the DT 39831 79 13 precision precision NN 39831 79 14 attainable attainable JJ 39831 79 15 with with IN 39831 79 16 this this DT 39831 79 17 arrangement arrangement NN 39831 79 18 is be VBZ 39831 79 19 limited limit VBN 39831 79 20 by by IN 39831 79 21 several several JJ 39831 79 22 circumstances circumstance NNS 39831 79 23 . . . 39831 80 1 In in IN 39831 80 2 the the DT 39831 80 3 first first JJ 39831 80 4 place place NN 39831 80 5 , , , 39831 80 6 the the DT 39831 80 7 demagnetization demagnetization NN 39831 80 8 of of IN 39831 80 9 the the DT 39831 80 10 iron iron NN 39831 80 11 cores core NNS 39831 80 12 of of IN 39831 80 13 the the DT 39831 80 14 electro electro NNP 39831 80 15 - - HYPH 39831 80 16 magnets magnet NNS 39831 80 17 , , , 39831 80 18 when when WRB 39831 80 19 the the DT 39831 80 20 current current NN 39831 80 21 is be VBZ 39831 80 22 cut cut VBN 39831 80 23 off off RP 39831 80 24 , , , 39831 80 25 is be VBZ 39831 80 26 not not RB 39831 80 27 truly truly RB 39831 80 28 instantaneous instantaneous JJ 39831 80 29 , , , 39831 80 30 and and CC 39831 80 31 the the DT 39831 80 32 time time NN 39831 80 33 required require VBN 39831 80 34 depends depend VBZ 39831 80 35 on on IN 39831 80 36 the the DT 39831 80 37 strength strength NN 39831 80 38 of of IN 39831 80 39 the the DT 39831 80 40 magnetizing magnetize VBG 39831 80 41 current current NN 39831 80 42 and and CC 39831 80 43 on on IN 39831 80 44 the the DT 39831 80 45 temperature temperature NN 39831 80 46 of of IN 39831 80 47 the the DT 39831 80 48 iron iron NN 39831 80 49 , , , 39831 80 50 which which WDT 39831 80 51 in in IN 39831 80 52 turn turn NN 39831 80 53 will will MD 39831 80 54 depend depend VB 39831 80 55 on on IN 39831 80 56 the the DT 39831 80 57 length length NN 39831 80 58 of of IN 39831 80 59 time time NN 39831 80 60 for for IN 39831 80 61 which which WDT 39831 80 62 the the DT 39831 80 63 current current NN 39831 80 64 has have VBZ 39831 80 65 been be VBN 39831 80 66 running run VBG 39831 80 67 . . . 39831 81 1 This this DT 39831 81 2 variation variation NN 39831 81 3 would would MD 39831 81 4 be be VB 39831 81 5 of of IN 39831 81 6 no no DT 39831 81 7 importance importance NN 39831 81 8 if if IN 39831 81 9 the the DT 39831 81 10 two two CD 39831 81 11 magnets magnet NNS 39831 81 12 were be VBD 39831 81 13 exactly exactly RB 39831 81 14 alike alike JJ 39831 81 15 and and CC 39831 81 16 the the DT 39831 81 17 springs spring NNS 39831 81 18 of of IN 39831 81 19 exactly exactly RB 39831 81 20 equal equal JJ 39831 81 21 strength strength NN 39831 81 22 , , , 39831 81 23 conditions condition NNS 39831 81 24 which which WDT 39831 81 25 can can MD 39831 81 26 be be VB 39831 81 27 nearly nearly RB 39831 81 28 but but CC 39831 81 29 not not RB 39831 81 30 perfectly perfectly RB 39831 81 31 fulfilled fulfil VBN 39831 81 32 . . . 39831 82 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 82 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 82 3 : : : 39831 82 4 PLATE PLATE NNP 39831 82 5 II II NNP 39831 82 6 Photographs Photographs NNPS 39831 82 7 taken take VBN 39831 82 8 to to TO 39831 82 9 test test VB 39831 82 10 the the DT 39831 82 11 accuracy accuracy NN 39831 82 12 of of IN 39831 82 13 the the DT 39831 82 14 " " `` 39831 82 15 timing timing NN 39831 82 16 . . . 39831 82 17 " " '' 39831 83 1 1 1 CD 39831 83 2 2 2 CD 39831 83 3 3 3 CD 39831 83 4 4 4 CD 39831 83 5 5 5 CD 39831 83 6 ] ] -RRB- 39831 83 7 A a DT 39831 83 8 more more RBR 39831 83 9 important important JJ 39831 83 10 source source NN 39831 83 11 of of IN 39831 83 12 uncertainty uncertainty NN 39831 83 13 arises arise VBZ 39831 83 14 from from IN 39831 83 15 the the DT 39831 83 16 fact fact NN 39831 83 17 that that IN 39831 83 18 the the DT 39831 83 19 time time NN 39831 83 20 at at IN 39831 83 21 which which WDT 39831 83 22 the the DT 39831 83 23 spark spark NN 39831 83 24 takes take VBZ 39831 83 25 place place NN 39831 83 26 depends depend VBZ 39831 83 27 partly partly RB 39831 83 28 on on IN 39831 83 29 the the DT 39831 83 30 magnitude magnitude NN 39831 83 31 of of IN 39831 83 32 the the DT 39831 83 33 + + SYM 39831 83 34 and and CC 39831 83 35 - - HYPH 39831 83 36 charges charge NNS 39831 83 37 which which WDT 39831 83 38 have have VBP 39831 83 39 been be VBN 39831 83 40 allowed allow VBN 39831 83 41 to to TO 39831 83 42 accumulate accumulate VB 39831 83 43 on on IN 39831 83 44 the the DT 39831 83 45 discharging discharge VBG 39831 83 46 knobs knob NNS 39831 83 47 connected connect VBN 39831 83 48 to to IN 39831 83 49 the the DT 39831 83 50 two two CD 39831 83 51 Leyden Leyden NNP 39831 83 52 jars jar NNS 39831 83 53 , , , 39831 83 54 for for IN 39831 83 55 when when WRB 39831 83 56 these these DT 39831 83 57 charges charge NNS 39831 83 58 are be VBP 39831 83 59 larger large JJR 39831 83 60 , , , 39831 83 61 then then RB 39831 83 62 the the DT 39831 83 63 spark spark NN 39831 83 64 will will MD 39831 83 65 be be VB 39831 83 66 longer long JJR 39831 83 67 and and CC 39831 83 68 will will MD 39831 83 69 take take VB 39831 83 70 place place NN 39831 83 71 earlier early RBR 39831 83 72 and and CC 39831 83 73 before before IN 39831 83 74 the the DT 39831 83 75 timing timing NN 39831 83 76 sphere sphere NN 39831 83 77 has have VBZ 39831 83 78 reached reach VBN 39831 83 79 the the DT 39831 83 80 mid mid NN 39831 83 81 - - NN 39831 83 82 position position NN 39831 83 83 . . . 39831 84 1 The the DT 39831 84 2 charging charging NN 39831 84 3 has have VBZ 39831 84 4 therefore therefore RB 39831 84 5 to to TO 39831 84 6 be be VB 39831 84 7 carefully carefully RB 39831 84 8 watched watch VBN 39831 84 9 by by IN 39831 84 10 means mean NNS 39831 84 11 of of IN 39831 84 12 the the DT 39831 84 13 indications indication NNS 39831 84 14 of of IN 39831 84 15 a a DT 39831 84 16 suitable suitable JJ 39831 84 17 electrometer electrometer NN 39831 84 18 , , , 39831 84 19 and and CC 39831 84 20 the the DT 39831 84 21 timing timing NN 39831 84 22 sphere sphere RB 39831 84 23 must must MD 39831 84 24 on on IN 39831 84 25 each each DT 39831 84 26 occasion occasion NN 39831 84 27 be be VB 39831 84 28 released release VBN 39831 84 29 when when WRB 39831 84 30 the the DT 39831 84 31 charges charge NNS 39831 84 32 have have VBP 39831 84 33 just just RB 39831 84 34 reached reach VBN 39831 84 35 the the DT 39831 84 36 right right JJ 39831 84 37 value value NN 39831 84 38 . . . 39831 85 1 But but CC 39831 85 2 even even RB 39831 85 3 this this DT 39831 85 4 does do VBZ 39831 85 5 not not RB 39831 85 6 entirely entirely RB 39831 85 7 suffice suffice VB 39831 85 8 , , , 39831 85 9 for for IN 39831 85 10 the the DT 39831 85 11 passage passage NN 39831 85 12 of of IN 39831 85 13 the the DT 39831 85 14 spark spark NN 39831 85 15 depends depend VBZ 39831 85 16 also also RB 39831 85 17 partly partly RB 39831 85 18 on on IN 39831 85 19 the the DT 39831 85 20 state state NN 39831 85 21 of of IN 39831 85 22 the the DT 39831 85 23 surface surface NN 39831 85 24 of of IN 39831 85 25 the the DT 39831 85 26 knobs knob NNS 39831 85 27 , , , 39831 85 28 which which WDT 39831 85 29 can can MD 39831 85 30 not not RB 39831 85 31 be be VB 39831 85 32 kept keep VBN 39831 85 33 at at IN 39831 85 34 any any DT 39831 85 35 high high JJ 39831 85 36 degree degree NN 39831 85 37 of of IN 39831 85 38 polish polish NN 39831 85 39 . . . 39831 86 1 Still still RB 39831 86 2 , , , 39831 86 3 when when WRB 39831 86 4 care care NN 39831 86 5 is be VBZ 39831 86 6 taken take VBN 39831 86 7 to to TO 39831 86 8 keep keep VB 39831 86 9 the the DT 39831 86 10 conditions condition NNS 39831 86 11 as as RB 39831 86 12 nearly nearly RB 39831 86 13 as as IN 39831 86 14 possible possible JJ 39831 86 15 constant constant JJ 39831 86 16 , , , 39831 86 17 neither neither DT 39831 86 18 of of IN 39831 86 19 these these DT 39831 86 20 sources source NNS 39831 86 21 of of IN 39831 86 22 error error NN 39831 86 23 is be VBZ 39831 86 24 serious serious JJ 39831 86 25 , , , 39831 86 26 and and CC 39831 86 27 the the DT 39831 86 28 reader reader NN 39831 86 29 can can MD 39831 86 30 judge judge VB 39831 86 31 for for IN 39831 86 32 himself -PRON- PRP 39831 86 33 of of IN 39831 86 34 the the DT 39831 86 35 accuracy accuracy NN 39831 86 36 of of IN 39831 86 37 the the DT 39831 86 38 timing timing NN 39831 86 39 from from IN 39831 86 40 the the DT 39831 86 41 photographs photograph NNS 39831 86 42 given give VBN 39831 86 43 on on IN 39831 86 44 Plate Plate NNP 39831 86 45 II II NNP 39831 86 46 , , , 39831 86 47 in in IN 39831 86 48 which which WDT 39831 86 49 a a DT 39831 86 50 solid solid JJ 39831 86 51 sphere sphere NN 39831 86 52 was be VBD 39831 86 53 let let VBN 39831 86 54 fall fall NN 39831 86 55 in in IN 39831 86 56 the the DT 39831 86 57 dark dark JJ 39831 86 58 room room NN 39831 86 59 past past IN 39831 86 60 a a DT 39831 86 61 metre metre NNP 39831 86 62 scale scale NN 39831 86 63 . . . 39831 87 1 The the DT 39831 87 2 timing timing NN 39831 87 3 sphere sphere NN 39831 87 4 was be VBD 39831 87 5 arranged arrange VBN 39831 87 6 , , , 39831 87 7 in in IN 39831 87 8 the the DT 39831 87 9 first first JJ 39831 87 10 four four CD 39831 87 11 photographs photograph NNS 39831 87 12 , , , 39831 87 13 to to TO 39831 87 14 illuminate illuminate VB 39831 87 15 it -PRON- PRP 39831 87 16 at at IN 39831 87 17 the the DT 39831 87 18 same same JJ 39831 87 19 stage stage NN 39831 87 20 in in IN 39831 87 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 87 22 fall fall NN 39831 87 23 , , , 39831 87 24 after after IN 39831 87 25 a a DT 39831 87 26 descent descent NN 39831 87 27 of of IN 39831 87 28 thirty thirty CD 39831 87 29 centimetres centimetre NNS 39831 87 30 ; ; : 39831 87 31 if if IN 39831 87 32 the the DT 39831 87 33 timing timing NN 39831 87 34 had have VBD 39831 87 35 been be VBN 39831 87 36 perfect perfect JJ 39831 87 37 the the DT 39831 87 38 sphere sphere NN 39831 87 39 would would MD 39831 87 40 appear appear VB 39831 87 41 on on IN 39831 87 42 each each DT 39831 87 43 occasion occasion NN 39831 87 44 at at IN 39831 87 45 the the DT 39831 87 46 same same JJ 39831 87 47 mark mark NN 39831 87 48 on on IN 39831 87 49 the the DT 39831 87 50 scale scale NN 39831 87 51 . . . 39831 88 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 88 2 will will MD 39831 88 3 be be VB 39831 88 4 observed observe VBN 39831 88 5 that that IN 39831 88 6 in in IN 39831 88 7 the the DT 39831 88 8 first first JJ 39831 88 9 , , , 39831 88 10 second second JJ 39831 88 11 , , , 39831 88 12 and and CC 39831 88 13 fourth fourth JJ 39831 88 14 photographs photograph NNS 39831 88 15 the the DT 39831 88 16 falling fall VBG 39831 88 17 sphere sphere NN 39831 88 18 is be VBZ 39831 88 19 almost almost RB 39831 88 20 accurately accurately RB 39831 88 21 bisected bisect VBN 39831 88 22 by by IN 39831 88 23 the the DT 39831 88 24 long long JJ 39831 88 25 line line NN 39831 88 26 of of IN 39831 88 27 the the DT 39831 88 28 three three CD 39831 88 29 - - HYPH 39831 88 30 inch inch NN 39831 88 31 mark mark NN 39831 88 32 on on IN 39831 88 33 the the DT 39831 88 34 right right JJ 39831 88 35 - - HYPH 39831 88 36 hand hand NN 39831 88 37 edge edge NN 39831 88 38 of of IN 39831 88 39 the the DT 39831 88 40 scale scale NN 39831 88 41 . . . 39831 89 1 The the DT 39831 89 2 greatest great JJS 39831 89 3 difference difference NN 39831 89 4 of of IN 39831 89 5 position position NN 39831 89 6 being be VBG 39831 89 7 just just RB 39831 89 8 about about RB 39831 89 9 one one CD 39831 89 10 millimetre millimetre NN 39831 89 11 ( ( -LRB- 39831 89 12 as as IN 39831 89 13 read read VBD 39831 89 14 off off IN 39831 89 15 the the DT 39831 89 16 left left JJ 39831 89 17 - - HYPH 39831 89 18 hand hand NN 39831 89 19 scale scale NN 39831 89 20 ) ) -RRB- 39831 89 21 , , , 39831 89 22 which which WDT 39831 89 23 would would MD 39831 89 24 correspond correspond VB 39831 89 25 to to IN 39831 89 26 an an DT 39831 89 27 error error NN 39831 89 28 of of IN 39831 89 29 about about IN 39831 89 30 1/2700 1/2700 CD 39831 89 31 of of IN 39831 89 32 a a DT 39831 89 33 second second NN 39831 89 34 . . . 39831 90 1 But but CC 39831 90 2 the the DT 39831 90 3 third third JJ 39831 90 4 photograph photograph NN 39831 90 5 is be VBZ 39831 90 6 earlier early RBR 39831 90 7 , , , 39831 90 8 showing show VBG 39831 90 9 the the DT 39831 90 10 sphere sphere NN 39831 90 11 4·5 4â·5 NN 39831 90 12 millimetres millimetre NNS 39831 90 13 higher higher RBR 39831 90 14 up up RB 39831 90 15 , , , 39831 90 16 a a DT 39831 90 17 distance distance NN 39831 90 18 which which WDT 39831 90 19 implies imply VBZ 39831 90 20 an an DT 39831 90 21 error error NN 39831 90 22 of of IN 39831 90 23 just just RB 39831 90 24 1/600 1/600 CD 39831 90 25 of of IN 39831 90 26 a a DT 39831 90 27 second second NN 39831 90 28 . . . 39831 91 1 A a DT 39831 91 2 fifth fifth JJ 39831 91 3 photograph photograph NN 39831 91 4 was be VBD 39831 91 5 then then RB 39831 91 6 taken take VBN 39831 91 7 , , , 39831 91 8 with with IN 39831 91 9 the the DT 39831 91 10 timing timing NN 39831 91 11 arranged arrange VBN 39831 91 12 so so IN 39831 91 13 as as IN 39831 91 14 to to TO 39831 91 15 illuminate illuminate VB 39831 91 16 the the DT 39831 91 17 sphere sphere NN 39831 91 18 one one CD 39831 91 19 centimetre centimetre NN 39831 91 20 higher higher RBR 39831 91 21 up up RB 39831 91 22 , , , 39831 91 23 and and CC 39831 91 24 it -PRON- PRP 39831 91 25 will will MD 39831 91 26 be be VB 39831 91 27 seen see VBN 39831 91 28 that that IN 39831 91 29 if if IN 39831 91 30 we -PRON- PRP 39831 91 31 compare compare VBP 39831 91 32 this this DT 39831 91 33 with with IN 39831 91 34 No no UH 39831 91 35 . . . 39831 92 1 3 3 LS 39831 92 2 , , , 39831 92 3 the the DT 39831 92 4 error error NN 39831 92 5 is be VBZ 39831 92 6 again again RB 39831 92 7 only only RB 39831 92 8 one one CD 39831 92 9 millimetre millimetre NN 39831 92 10 . . . 39831 93 1 Thus thus RB 39831 93 2 Nos Nos NNP 39831 93 3 . . . 39831 94 1 3 3 CD 39831 94 2 and and CC 39831 94 3 5 5 CD 39831 94 4 agree agree VBP 39831 94 5 very very RB 39831 94 6 closely closely RB 39831 94 7 , , , 39831 94 8 but but CC 39831 94 9 disagree disagree VB 39831 94 10 with with IN 39831 94 11 Nos Nos NNP 39831 94 12 . . . 39831 95 1 1 1 CD 39831 95 2 , , , 39831 95 3 2 2 CD 39831 95 4 , , , 39831 95 5 and and CC 39831 95 6 4 4 CD 39831 95 7 by by IN 39831 95 8 about about IN 39831 95 9 1/600 1/600 CD 39831 95 10 of of IN 39831 95 11 a a DT 39831 95 12 second second NN 39831 95 13 . . . 39831 96 1 The the DT 39831 96 2 photographs photograph NNS 39831 96 3 themselves -PRON- PRP 39831 96 4 supply supply VBP 39831 96 5 the the DT 39831 96 6 reason reason NN 39831 96 7 . . . 39831 97 1 For for IN 39831 97 2 there there EX 39831 97 3 happens happen VBZ 39831 97 4 to to TO 39831 97 5 be be VB 39831 97 6 visible visible JJ 39831 97 7 on on IN 39831 97 8 each each DT 39831 97 9 an an DT 39831 97 10 ( ( -LRB- 39831 97 11 out out JJ 39831 97 12 - - HYPH 39831 97 13 of of IN 39831 97 14 - - HYPH 39831 97 15 focus focus NN 39831 97 16 ) ) -RRB- 39831 97 17 image image NN 39831 97 18 of of IN 39831 97 19 the the DT 39831 97 20 spark spark NN 39831 97 21 , , , 39831 97 22 and and CC 39831 97 23 this this DT 39831 97 24 image image NN 39831 97 25 is be VBZ 39831 97 26 very very RB 39831 97 27 much much RB 39831 97 28 the the DT 39831 97 29 same same JJ 39831 97 30 in in IN 39831 97 31 1 1 CD 39831 97 32 , , , 39831 97 33 2 2 CD 39831 97 34 and and CC 39831 97 35 4 4 CD 39831 97 36 , , , 39831 97 37 but but CC 39831 97 38 much much RB 39831 97 39 larger large JJR 39831 97 40 and and CC 39831 97 41 brighter bright JJR 39831 97 42 in in IN 39831 97 43 3 3 CD 39831 97 44 and and CC 39831 97 45 5 5 CD 39831 97 46 , , , 39831 97 47 showing show VBG 39831 97 48 that that IN 39831 97 49 the the DT 39831 97 50 knobs knob NNS 39831 97 51 were be VBD 39831 97 52 then then RB 39831 97 53 more more RBR 39831 97 54 highly highly RB 39831 97 55 charged charge VBN 39831 97 56 , , , 39831 97 57 which which WDT 39831 97 58 would would MD 39831 97 59 account account VB 39831 97 60 for for IN 39831 97 61 the the DT 39831 97 62 spark spark NN 39831 97 63 occurring occur VBG 39831 97 64 a a DT 39831 97 65 little little JJ 39831 97 66 too too RB 39831 97 67 early early RB 39831 97 68 . . . 39831 98 1 But but CC 39831 98 2 when when WRB 39831 98 3 we -PRON- PRP 39831 98 4 are be VBP 39831 98 5 watching watch VBG 39831 98 6 the the DT 39831 98 7 splash splash NN 39831 98 8 made make VBN 39831 98 9 by by IN 39831 98 10 the the DT 39831 98 11 fall fall NN 39831 98 12 of of IN 39831 98 13 a a DT 39831 98 14 liquid liquid JJ 39831 98 15 drop drop NN 39831 98 16 , , , 39831 98 17 instead instead RB 39831 98 18 of of IN 39831 98 19 a a DT 39831 98 20 solid solid JJ 39831 98 21 sphere sphere NN 39831 98 22 , , , 39831 98 23 there there EX 39831 98 24 is be VBZ 39831 98 25 a a DT 39831 98 26 new new JJ 39831 98 27 and and CC 39831 98 28 more more RBR 39831 98 29 serious serious JJ 39831 98 30 source source NN 39831 98 31 of of IN 39831 98 32 difficulty difficulty NN 39831 98 33 . . . 39831 99 1 For for IN 39831 99 2 the the DT 39831 99 3 drop drop NN 39831 99 4 as as IN 39831 99 5 it -PRON- PRP 39831 99 6 lies lie VBZ 39831 99 7 on on IN 39831 99 8 the the DT 39831 99 9 smoked smoke VBN 39831 99 10 glass glass NN 39831 99 11 cup cup NNP 39831 99 12 is be VBZ 39831 99 13 not not RB 39831 99 14 perfectly perfectly RB 39831 99 15 spherical spherical JJ 39831 99 16 , , , 39831 99 17 but but CC 39831 99 18 is be VBZ 39831 99 19 flattened flatten VBN 39831 99 20 by by IN 39831 99 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 99 22 own own JJ 39831 99 23 weight weight NN 39831 99 24 , , , 39831 99 25 as as IN 39831 99 26 shown show VBN 39831 99 27 in in IN 39831 99 28 Fig Fig NNP 39831 99 29 . . . 39831 100 1 3 3 CD 39831 100 2 , , , 39831 100 3 and and CC 39831 100 4 on on IN 39831 100 5 the the DT 39831 100 6 sudden sudden JJ 39831 100 7 removal removal NN 39831 100 8 of of IN 39831 100 9 the the DT 39831 100 10 supporting support VBG 39831 100 11 cup cup NN 39831 100 12 it -PRON- PRP 39831 100 13 oscillates oscillate VBZ 39831 100 14 between between IN 39831 100 15 an an DT 39831 100 16 oval oval JJ 39831 100 17 form form NN 39831 100 18 , , , 39831 100 19 elongated elongate VBD 39831 100 20 vertically vertically RB 39831 100 21 , , , 39831 100 22 and and CC 39831 100 23 a a DT 39831 100 24 flattened flatten VBN 39831 100 25 form form NN 39831 100 26 ( ( -LRB- 39831 100 27 see see VB 39831 100 28 Fig Fig NNP 39831 100 29 . . . 39831 101 1 4 4 LS 39831 101 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 101 3 . . . 39831 102 1 These these DT 39831 102 2 oscillations oscillation NNS 39831 102 3 are be VBP 39831 102 4 unavoidable unavoidable JJ 39831 102 5 , , , 39831 102 6 and and CC 39831 102 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39831 102 8 extent extent NN 39831 102 9 will will MD 39831 102 10 depend depend VB 39831 102 11 partly partly RB 39831 102 12 on on IN 39831 102 13 the the DT 39831 102 14 amount amount NN 39831 102 15 of of IN 39831 102 16 adhesion adhesion NN 39831 102 17 between between IN 39831 102 18 the the DT 39831 102 19 smoked smoke VBN 39831 102 20 surface surface NN 39831 102 21 and and CC 39831 102 22 the the DT 39831 102 23 drop drop NN 39831 102 24 , , , 39831 102 25 and and CC 39831 102 26 as as IN 39831 102 27 this this DT 39831 102 28 adhesion adhesion NN 39831 102 29 is be VBZ 39831 102 30 never never RB 39831 102 31 entirely entirely RB 39831 102 32 absent absent JJ 39831 102 33 and and CC 39831 102 34 is be VBZ 39831 102 35 variable variable JJ 39831 102 36 , , , 39831 102 37 depending depend VBG 39831 102 38 partly partly RB 39831 102 39 on on IN 39831 102 40 the the DT 39831 102 41 length length NN 39831 102 42 of of IN 39831 102 43 time time NN 39831 102 44 that that WDT 39831 102 45 the the DT 39831 102 46 drop drop NN 39831 102 47 has have VBZ 39831 102 48 been be VBN 39831 102 49 lying lie VBG 39831 102 50 in in IN 39831 102 51 the the DT 39831 102 52 cup cup NN 39831 102 53 , , , 39831 102 54 it -PRON- PRP 39831 102 55 follows follow VBZ 39831 102 56 that that IN 39831 102 57 the the DT 39831 102 58 drop drop NN 39831 102 59 will will MD 39831 102 60 always always RB 39831 102 61 receive receive VB 39831 102 62 a a DT 39831 102 63 slight slight JJ 39831 102 64 tug tug NN 39831 102 65 downwards downwards RB 39831 102 66 at at IN 39831 102 67 starting start VBG 39831 102 68 , , , 39831 102 69 which which WDT 39831 102 70 will will MD 39831 102 71 be be VB 39831 102 72 greater great JJR 39831 102 73 on on IN 39831 102 74 some some DT 39831 102 75 occasions occasion NNS 39831 102 76 than than IN 39831 102 77 on on IN 39831 102 78 others other NNS 39831 102 79 . . . 39831 103 1 On on IN 39831 103 2 this this DT 39831 103 3 account account NN 39831 103 4 not not RB 39831 103 5 only only RB 39831 103 6 will will MD 39831 103 7 the the DT 39831 103 8 time time NN 39831 103 9 taken take VBN 39831 103 10 to to TO 39831 103 11 reach reach VB 39831 103 12 the the DT 39831 103 13 water water NN 39831 103 14 vary vary VBP 39831 103 15 slightly slightly RB 39831 103 16 , , , 39831 103 17 but but CC 39831 103 18 the the DT 39831 103 19 drop drop NN 39831 103 20 will will MD 39831 103 21 strike strike VB 39831 103 22 it -PRON- PRP 39831 103 23 sometimes sometimes RB 39831 103 24 when when WRB 39831 103 25 elongated elongate VBN 39831 103 26 and and CC 39831 103 27 sometimes sometimes RB 39831 103 28 when when WRB 39831 103 29 flattened flatten VBN 39831 103 30 , , , 39831 103 31 and and CC 39831 103 32 the the DT 39831 103 33 resulting result VBG 39831 103 34 splash splash NN 39831 103 35 will will MD 39831 103 36 be be VB 39831 103 37 affected affect VBN 39831 103 38 by by IN 39831 103 39 this this DT 39831 103 40 circumstance circumstance NN 39831 103 41 . . . 39831 104 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 104 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 104 3 : : : 39831 104 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 104 5 . . . 39831 105 1 3 3 LS 39831 105 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 105 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 105 4 Illustration illustration NN 39831 105 5 : : : 39831 105 6 FIG FIG NNP 39831 105 7 . . . 39831 106 1 4 4 LS 39831 106 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 106 3 The the DT 39831 106 4 four four CD 39831 106 5 photographs photograph NNS 39831 106 6 on on IN 39831 106 7 the the DT 39831 106 8 next next JJ 39831 106 9 page page NN 39831 106 10 were be VBD 39831 106 11 taken take VBN 39831 106 12 in in IN 39831 106 13 succession succession NN 39831 106 14 in in IN 39831 106 15 order order NN 39831 106 16 to to TO 39831 106 17 afford afford VB 39831 106 18 the the DT 39831 106 19 reader reader NN 39831 106 20 an an DT 39831 106 21 opportunity opportunity NN 39831 106 22 of of IN 39831 106 23 judging judge VBG 39831 106 24 for for IN 39831 106 25 himself -PRON- PRP 39831 106 26 the the DT 39831 106 27 sort sort NN 39831 106 28 of of IN 39831 106 29 accuracy accuracy NN 39831 106 30 attainable attainable JJ 39831 106 31 when when WRB 39831 106 32 a a DT 39831 106 33 liquid liquid JJ 39831 106 34 drop drop NN 39831 106 35 was be VBD 39831 106 36 concerned concern VBN 39831 106 37 . . . 39831 107 1 The the DT 39831 107 2 fall fall NN 39831 107 3 was be VBD 39831 107 4 30 30 CD 39831 107 5 centim centim NN 39831 107 6 . . . 39831 107 7 , , , 39831 107 8 and and CC 39831 107 9 the the DT 39831 107 10 greatest great JJS 39831 107 11 discrepancy discrepancy NN 39831 107 12 is be VBZ 39831 107 13 4·8 4â·8 NN 39831 107 14 millimetres millimetre NNS 39831 107 15 , , , 39831 107 16 corresponding correspond VBG 39831 107 17 to to IN 39831 107 18 1/560 1/560 CD 39831 107 19 of of IN 39831 107 20 a a DT 39831 107 21 second second NN 39831 107 22 . . . 39831 108 1 Thus thus RB 39831 108 2 even even RB 39831 108 3 here here RB 39831 108 4 the the DT 39831 108 5 error error NN 39831 108 6 does do VBZ 39831 108 7 not not RB 39831 108 8 amount amount VB 39831 108 9 to to IN 39831 108 10 two two CD 39831 108 11 - - HYPH 39831 108 12 thousandths thousandth NNS 39831 108 13 of of IN 39831 108 14 a a DT 39831 108 15 second second NN 39831 108 16 . . . 39831 109 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 109 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 109 3 : : : 39831 109 4 Photographs photograph NNS 39831 109 5 taken take VBN 39831 109 6 to to TO 39831 109 7 test test VB 39831 109 8 the the DT 39831 109 9 timing timing NN 39831 109 10 of of IN 39831 109 11 a a DT 39831 109 12 falling fall VBG 39831 109 13 drop drop NN 39831 109 14 . . . 39831 110 1 1 1 CD 39831 110 2 2 2 CD 39831 110 3 3 3 CD 39831 110 4 4 4 CD 39831 110 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 110 6 With with IN 39831 110 7 higher high JJR 39831 110 8 falls fall VBZ 39831 110 9 the the DT 39831 110 10 timing timing NN 39831 110 11 sphere sphere NN 39831 110 12 is be VBZ 39831 110 13 moving move VBG 39831 110 14 more more RBR 39831 110 15 quickly quickly RB 39831 110 16 past past IN 39831 110 17 the the DT 39831 110 18 discharging discharge VBG 39831 110 19 knobs knob NNS 39831 110 20 , , , 39831 110 21 and and CC 39831 110 22 the the DT 39831 110 23 error error NN 39831 110 24 due due IN 39831 110 25 to to IN 39831 110 26 a a DT 39831 110 27 longer long JJR 39831 110 28 or or CC 39831 110 29 shorter short JJR 39831 110 30 spark spark NN 39831 110 31 is be VBZ 39831 110 32 correspondingly correspondingly RB 39831 110 33 less less JJR 39831 110 34 , , , 39831 110 35 so so IN 39831 110 36 that that IN 39831 110 37 it -PRON- PRP 39831 110 38 appears appear VBZ 39831 110 39 safe safe JJ 39831 110 40 to to TO 39831 110 41 say say VB 39831 110 42 that that IN 39831 110 43 the the DT 39831 110 44 accuracy accuracy NN 39831 110 45 of of IN 39831 110 46 the the DT 39831 110 47 timing timing NN 39831 110 48 was be VBD 39831 110 49 such such JJ 39831 110 50 that that IN 39831 110 51 , , , 39831 110 52 when when WRB 39831 110 53 all all DT 39831 110 54 precautions precaution NNS 39831 110 55 were be VBD 39831 110 56 taken take VBN 39831 110 57 , , , 39831 110 58 any any DT 39831 110 59 desired desire VBN 39831 110 60 stage stage NN 39831 110 61 could could MD 39831 110 62 be be VB 39831 110 63 picked pick VBN 39831 110 64 out out RP 39831 110 65 within within IN 39831 110 66 two two CD 39831 110 67 - - HYPH 39831 110 68 thousandths thousandth NNS 39831 110 69 of of IN 39831 110 70 a a DT 39831 110 71 second second NN 39831 110 72 . . . 39831 111 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 111 2 is be VBZ 39831 111 3 not not RB 39831 111 4 however however RB 39831 111 5 pretended pretend VBN 39831 111 6 that that IN 39831 111 7 the the DT 39831 111 8 precautions precaution NNS 39831 111 9 necessary necessary JJ 39831 111 10 for for IN 39831 111 11 the the DT 39831 111 12 most most RBS 39831 111 13 accurate accurate JJ 39831 111 14 timing timing NN 39831 111 15 were be VBD 39831 111 16 always always RB 39831 111 17 taken take VBN 39831 111 18 , , , 39831 111 19 especially especially RB 39831 111 20 in in IN 39831 111 21 the the DT 39831 111 22 earlier early JJR 39831 111 23 Series Series NNP 39831 111 24 of of IN 39831 111 25 Photographs Photographs NNPS 39831 111 26 , , , 39831 111 27 for for IN 39831 111 28 the the DT 39831 111 29 main main JJ 39831 111 30 object object NN 39831 111 31 of of IN 39831 111 32 the the DT 39831 111 33 experiments experiment NNS 39831 111 34 was be VBD 39831 111 35 to to TO 39831 111 36 find find VB 39831 111 37 out out RP 39831 111 38 what what WP 39831 111 39 happened happen VBD 39831 111 40 , , , 39831 111 41 and and CC 39831 111 42 only only RB 39831 111 43 incidentally incidentally RB 39831 111 44 to to TO 39831 111 45 ascertain ascertain VB 39831 111 46 exactly exactly RB 39831 111 47 how how WRB 39831 111 48 long long RB 39831 111 49 it -PRON- PRP 39831 111 50 took take VBD 39831 111 51 to to TO 39831 111 52 happen happen VB 39831 111 53 , , , 39831 111 54 and and CC 39831 111 55 there there EX 39831 111 56 is be VBZ 39831 111 57 no no DT 39831 111 58 doubt doubt NN 39831 111 59 that that IN 39831 111 60 on on IN 39831 111 61 some some DT 39831 111 62 occasions occasion NNS 39831 111 63 , , , 39831 111 64 through through IN 39831 111 65 the the DT 39831 111 66 smoke smoke NN 39831 111 67 - - HYPH 39831 111 68 film film NN 39831 111 69 being being NN 39831 111 70 allowed allow VBN 39831 111 71 to to TO 39831 111 72 wear wear VB 39831 111 73 away away RB 39831 111 74 , , , 39831 111 75 adhesions adhesion NNS 39831 111 76 to to IN 39831 111 77 the the DT 39831 111 78 dropping drop VBG 39831 111 79 cup cup NN 39831 111 80 occurred occur VBD 39831 111 81 , , , 39831 111 82 with with IN 39831 111 83 a a DT 39831 111 84 corresponding corresponding JJ 39831 111 85 disturbance disturbance NN 39831 111 86 of of IN 39831 111 87 the the DT 39831 111 88 timing timing NN 39831 111 89 , , , 39831 111 90 before before IN 39831 111 91 the the DT 39831 111 92 defect defect NN 39831 111 93 was be VBD 39831 111 94 noticed notice VBN 39831 111 95 and and CC 39831 111 96 remedied remedie VBN 39831 111 97 . . . 39831 112 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 112 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 112 3 : : : 39831 112 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 112 5 . . . 39831 113 1 5 5 CD 39831 113 2 Photograph Photograph NNP 39831 113 3 of of IN 39831 113 4 the the DT 39831 113 5 edge edge NN 39831 113 6 of of IN 39831 113 7 a a DT 39831 113 8 rapidly rapidly RB 39831 113 9 whirling whirl VBG 39831 113 10 disc disc NN 39831 113 11 . . . 39831 113 12 ] ] -RRB- 39831 114 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 114 2 remains remain VBZ 39831 114 3 to to TO 39831 114 4 mention mention VB 39831 114 5 , , , 39831 114 6 for for IN 39831 114 7 the the DT 39831 114 8 sake sake NN 39831 114 9 of of IN 39831 114 10 those those DT 39831 114 11 interested interested JJ 39831 114 12 in in IN 39831 114 13 photography photography NN 39831 114 14 , , , 39831 114 15 that that IN 39831 114 16 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 39831 114 17 the the DT 39831 114 18 sensitiveness sensitiveness NN 39831 114 19 of of IN 39831 114 20 the the DT 39831 114 21 plates plate NNS 39831 114 22 and and CC 39831 114 23 the the DT 39831 114 24 brilliance brilliance NN 39831 114 25 of of IN 39831 114 26 the the DT 39831 114 27 illuminating illuminating NN 39831 114 28 spark spark NN 39831 114 29 , , , 39831 114 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 114 31 duration duration NN 39831 114 32 was be VBD 39831 114 33 so so RB 39831 114 34 short short JJ 39831 114 35 that that IN 39831 114 36 the the DT 39831 114 37 negatives negative NNS 39831 114 38 were be VBD 39831 114 39 always always RB 39831 114 40 " " `` 39831 114 41 under under RB 39831 114 42 - - HYPH 39831 114 43 exposed expose VBN 39831 114 44 . . . 39831 115 1 " " `` 39831 115 2 [ [ -LRB- 39831 115 3 C c NN 39831 115 4 ] ] -RRB- 39831 115 5 I -PRON- PRP 39831 115 6 have have VBP 39831 115 7 mentioned mention VBN 39831 115 8 that that IN 39831 115 9 the the DT 39831 115 10 effective effective JJ 39831 115 11 duration duration NN 39831 115 12 of of IN 39831 115 13 the the DT 39831 115 14 spark spark NN 39831 115 15 was be VBD 39831 115 16 less less JJR 39831 115 17 than than IN 39831 115 18 three three CD 39831 115 19 - - HYPH 39831 115 20 millionths millionth NNS 39831 115 21 of of IN 39831 115 22 a a DT 39831 115 23 second second NN 39831 115 24 . . . 39831 116 1 The the DT 39831 116 2 evidence evidence NN 39831 116 3 for for IN 39831 116 4 this this DT 39831 116 5 is be VBZ 39831 116 6 the the DT 39831 116 7 accompanying accompany VBG 39831 116 8 photograph photograph NN 39831 116 9 ( ( -LRB- 39831 116 10 Fig fig NN 39831 116 11 . . . 39831 117 1 5 5 LS 39831 117 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 117 3 , , , 39831 117 4 taken take VBN 39831 117 5 of of IN 39831 117 6 a a DT 39831 117 7 cardboard cardboard NN 39831 117 8 disc disc NN 39831 117 9 when when WRB 39831 117 10 rotating rotate VBG 39831 117 11 at at IN 39831 117 12 a a DT 39831 117 13 rate rate NN 39831 117 14 of of IN 39831 117 15 fifty fifty CD 39831 117 16 - - HYPH 39831 117 17 three three CD 39831 117 18 turns turn NNS 39831 117 19 per per IN 39831 117 20 second second NN 39831 117 21 ; ; : 39831 117 22 the the DT 39831 117 23 disc disc NN 39831 117 24 was be VBD 39831 117 25 22 22 CD 39831 117 26 cm cm NNS 39831 117 27 . . . 39831 118 1 in in IN 39831 118 2 diameter diameter NN 39831 118 3 , , , 39831 118 4 and and CC 39831 118 5 had have VBD 39831 118 6 been be VBN 39831 118 7 roughly roughly RB 39831 118 8 graduated graduate VBN 39831 118 9 round round IN 39831 118 10 the the DT 39831 118 11 edge edge NN 39831 118 12 with with IN 39831 118 13 pen pen NN 39831 118 14 and and CC 39831 118 15 ink ink NN 39831 118 16 . . . 39831 119 1 The the DT 39831 119 2 photograph photograph NN 39831 119 3 of of IN 39831 119 4 the the DT 39831 119 5 part part NN 39831 119 6 that that WDT 39831 119 7 was be VBD 39831 119 8 in in IN 39831 119 9 focus focus NN 39831 119 10 shows show VBZ 39831 119 11 no no DT 39831 119 12 perceptible perceptible JJ 39831 119 13 blurring blurring NN 39831 119 14 of of IN 39831 119 15 the the DT 39831 119 16 edge edge NN 39831 119 17 of of IN 39831 119 18 the the DT 39831 119 19 marks mark NNS 39831 119 20 , , , 39831 119 21 and and CC 39831 119 22 with with IN 39831 119 23 a a DT 39831 119 24 lens lens NN 39831 119 25 , , , 39831 119 26 a a DT 39831 119 27 blurring blurring NN 39831 119 28 of of IN 39831 119 29 one one CD 39831 119 30 - - HYPH 39831 119 31 tenth tenth NN 39831 119 32 of of IN 39831 119 33 a a DT 39831 119 34 millimetre millimetre NN 39831 119 35 would would MD 39831 119 36 be be VB 39831 119 37 easily easily RB 39831 119 38 detectable detectable JJ 39831 119 39 . . . 39831 120 1 Since since IN 39831 120 2 the the DT 39831 120 3 edge edge NN 39831 120 4 was be VBD 39831 120 5 moving move VBG 39831 120 6 at at IN 39831 120 7 a a DT 39831 120 8 rate rate NN 39831 120 9 of of IN 39831 120 10 36·5 36·5 NNP 39831 120 11 metres metre NNS 39831 120 12 per per IN 39831 120 13 second second NN 39831 120 14 ( ( -LRB- 39831 120 15 about about RB 39831 120 16 78 78 CD 39831 120 17 miles mile NNS 39831 120 18 per per IN 39831 120 19 hour hour NN 39831 120 20 ) ) -RRB- 39831 120 21 , , , 39831 120 22 the the DT 39831 120 23 time time NN 39831 120 24 taken take VBN 39831 120 25 to to TO 39831 120 26 traverse traverse VB 39831 120 27 one one CD 39831 120 28 - - HYPH 39831 120 29 tenth tenth NN 39831 120 30 of of IN 39831 120 31 a a DT 39831 120 32 millimetre millimetre NN 39831 120 33 would would MD 39831 120 34 be be VB 39831 120 35 rather rather RB 39831 120 36 less less JJR 39831 120 37 than than IN 39831 120 38 three three CD 39831 120 39 - - HYPH 39831 120 40 millionths millionth NNS 39831 120 41 of of IN 39831 120 42 a a DT 39831 120 43 second second NN 39831 120 44 . . . 39831 121 1 Hence hence RB 39831 121 2 we -PRON- PRP 39831 121 3 may may MD 39831 121 4 conclude conclude VB 39831 121 5 that that IN 39831 121 6 the the DT 39831 121 7 illumination illumination NN 39831 121 8 did do VBD 39831 121 9 not not RB 39831 121 10 last last VB 39831 121 11 so so RB 39831 121 12 long long RB 39831 121 13 as as IN 39831 121 14 this this DT 39831 121 15 . . . 39831 122 1 The the DT 39831 122 2 weakness weakness NN 39831 122 3 of of IN 39831 122 4 the the DT 39831 122 5 negatives negative NNS 39831 122 6 was be VBD 39831 122 7 met meet VBN 39831 122 8 by by IN 39831 122 9 a a DT 39831 122 10 prolonged prolonged JJ 39831 122 11 development development NN 39831 122 12 of of IN 39831 122 13 about about RB 39831 122 14 forty forty CD 39831 122 15 minutes minute NNS 39831 122 16 in in IN 39831 122 17 a a DT 39831 122 18 saturated saturate VBN 39831 122 19 solution solution NN 39831 122 20 of of IN 39831 122 21 eikonogen eikonogen NNP 39831 122 22 . . . 39831 123 1 This this DT 39831 123 2 forbade forbid VBD 39831 123 3 the the DT 39831 123 4 use use NN 39831 123 5 of of IN 39831 123 6 any any DT 39831 123 7 artificial artificial JJ 39831 123 8 light light NN 39831 123 9 , , , 39831 123 10 and and CC 39831 123 11 all all PDT 39831 123 12 the the DT 39831 123 13 photographic photographic JJ 39831 123 14 processes process NNS 39831 123 15 had have VBD 39831 123 16 to to TO 39831 123 17 be be VB 39831 123 18 conducted conduct VBN 39831 123 19 in in IN 39831 123 20 absolute absolute JJ 39831 123 21 darkness darkness NN 39831 123 22 . . . 39831 124 1 To to TO 39831 124 2 avoid avoid VB 39831 124 3 the the DT 39831 124 4 tedium tedium NN 39831 124 5 of of IN 39831 124 6 long long JJ 39831 124 7 waiting waiting NN 39831 124 8 in in IN 39831 124 9 the the DT 39831 124 10 dark dark JJ 39831 124 11 room room NN 39831 124 12 , , , 39831 124 13 a a DT 39831 124 14 light light JJ 39831 124 15 - - HYPH 39831 124 16 tight tight JJ 39831 124 17 tray tray NN 39831 124 18 was be VBD 39831 124 19 constructed construct VBN 39831 124 20 , , , 39831 124 21 in in IN 39831 124 22 which which WDT 39831 124 23 several several JJ 39831 124 24 developing develop VBG 39831 124 25 dishes dish NNS 39831 124 26 could could MD 39831 124 27 be be VB 39831 124 28 placed place VBN 39831 124 29 , , , 39831 124 30 and and CC 39831 124 31 the the DT 39831 124 32 whole whole NN 39831 124 33 brought bring VBD 39831 124 34 out out RP 39831 124 35 into into IN 39831 124 36 the the DT 39831 124 37 daylight daylight NN 39831 124 38 and and CC 39831 124 39 suitably suitably RB 39831 124 40 rocked rock VBD 39831 124 41 . . . 39831 125 1 In in IN 39831 125 2 this this DT 39831 125 3 way way NN 39831 125 4 ten ten CD 39831 125 5 or or CC 39831 125 6 twelve twelve CD 39831 125 7 photographs photograph NNS 39831 125 8 could could MD 39831 125 9 be be VB 39831 125 10 developed develop VBN 39831 125 11 simultaneously simultaneously RB 39831 125 12 . . . 39831 126 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 126 2 may may MD 39831 126 3 be be VB 39831 126 4 worth worth JJ 39831 126 5 while while IN 39831 126 6 to to TO 39831 126 7 mention mention VB 39831 126 8 here here RB 39831 126 9 that that IN 39831 126 10 the the DT 39831 126 11 bright bright JJ 39831 126 12 spark spark NN 39831 126 13 given give VBN 39831 126 14 by by IN 39831 126 15 breaking break VBG 39831 126 16 the the DT 39831 126 17 _ _ NNP 39831 126 18 primary primary NN 39831 126 19 _ _ NNP 39831 126 20 circuit circuit NN 39831 126 21 of of IN 39831 126 22 an an DT 39831 126 23 induction induction NN 39831 126 24 coil coil NN 39831 126 25 at at IN 39831 126 26 the the DT 39831 126 27 surface surface NN 39831 126 28 of of IN 39831 126 29 mercury mercury NN 39831 126 30 was be VBD 39831 126 31 found find VBN 39831 126 32 to to TO 39831 126 33 be be VB 39831 126 34 of of RB 39831 126 35 much much RB 39831 126 36 too too RB 39831 126 37 long long JJ 39831 126 38 duration duration NN 39831 126 39 to to TO 39831 126 40 be be VB 39831 126 41 useful useful JJ 39831 126 42 for for IN 39831 126 43 the the DT 39831 126 44 purposes purpose NNS 39831 126 45 of of IN 39831 126 46 splash splash NN 39831 126 47 - - HYPH 39831 126 48 photography photography NN 39831 126 49 . . . 39831 127 1 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 39831 127 2 : : : 39831 127 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 127 4 C c NN 39831 127 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 127 6 The the DT 39831 127 7 plates plate NNS 39831 127 8 which which WDT 39831 127 9 I -PRON- PRP 39831 127 10 have have VBP 39831 127 11 mostly mostly RB 39831 127 12 used use VBN 39831 127 13 have have VBP 39831 127 14 been be VBN 39831 127 15 Thomas Thomas NNP 39831 127 16 's 's POS 39831 127 17 A A NNP 39831 127 18 1 1 CD 39831 127 19 ordinary ordinary JJ 39831 127 20 . . . 39831 128 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39831 128 2 II II NNP 39831 128 3 THE the DT 39831 128 4 SPLASH splash NN 39831 128 5 OF of IN 39831 128 6 A a DT 39831 128 7 DROP drop NN 39831 128 8 -- -- : 39831 128 9 LOW low NN 39831 128 10 FALL FALL NNP 39831 128 11 We -PRON- PRP 39831 128 12 will will MD 39831 128 13 now now RB 39831 128 14 turn turn VB 39831 128 15 to to IN 39831 128 16 the the DT 39831 128 17 photographic photographic JJ 39831 128 18 record record NN 39831 128 19 itself -PRON- PRP 39831 128 20 . . . 39831 129 1 The the DT 39831 129 2 first first JJ 39831 129 3 series series NN 39831 129 4 shows show VBZ 39831 129 5 the the DT 39831 129 6 splash splash NN 39831 129 7 of of IN 39831 129 8 a a DT 39831 129 9 drop drop NN 39831 129 10 of of IN 39831 129 11 water water NN 39831 129 12 weighing weigh VBG 39831 129 13 ·2 â·2 IN 39831 129 14 of of IN 39831 129 15 a a DT 39831 129 16 gram gram NN 39831 129 17 , , , 39831 129 18 and and CC 39831 129 19 therefore therefore RB 39831 129 20 7·36 7â·36 CD 39831 129 21 millimetres millimetre NNS 39831 129 22 ( ( -LRB- 39831 129 23 or or CC 39831 129 24 rather rather RB 39831 129 25 less less JJR 39831 129 26 than than IN 39831 129 27 one one CD 39831 129 28 - - HYPH 39831 129 29 third third NN 39831 129 30 of of IN 39831 129 31 an an DT 39831 129 32 inch inch NN 39831 129 33 ) ) -RRB- 39831 129 34 in in IN 39831 129 35 diameter diameter NN 39831 129 36 , , , 39831 129 37 falling fall VBG 39831 129 38 40 40 CD 39831 129 39 cm cm NNS 39831 129 40 . . . 39831 130 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 130 2 about about RB 39831 130 3 16 16 CD 39831 130 4 inches inch NNS 39831 130 5 ) ) -RRB- 39831 130 6 into into IN 39831 130 7 milk milk NN 39831 130 8 mixed mix VBN 39831 130 9 with with IN 39831 130 10 water water NN 39831 130 11 . . . 39831 131 1 The the DT 39831 131 2 object object NN 39831 131 3 of of IN 39831 131 4 adding add VBG 39831 131 5 milk milk NN 39831 131 6 to to IN 39831 131 7 the the DT 39831 131 8 water water NN 39831 131 9 was be VBD 39831 131 10 to to TO 39831 131 11 make make VB 39831 131 12 it -PRON- PRP 39831 131 13 more more RBR 39831 131 14 visible visible JJ 39831 131 15 . . . 39831 132 1 The the DT 39831 132 2 addition addition NN 39831 132 3 of of IN 39831 132 4 milk milk NN 39831 132 5 makes make VBZ 39831 132 6 , , , 39831 132 7 as as IN 39831 132 8 we -PRON- PRP 39831 132 9 shall shall MD 39831 132 10 see see VB 39831 132 11 , , , 39831 132 12 a a DT 39831 132 13 little little JJ 39831 132 14 but but CC 39831 132 15 not not RB 39831 132 16 much much JJ 39831 132 17 difference difference NN 39831 132 18 in in IN 39831 132 19 the the DT 39831 132 20 general general JJ 39831 132 21 character character NN 39831 132 22 of of IN 39831 132 23 the the DT 39831 132 24 splash splash NN 39831 132 25 . . . 39831 133 1 The the DT 39831 133 2 scale scale NN 39831 133 3 of of IN 39831 133 4 the the DT 39831 133 5 figures figure NNS 39831 133 6 is be VBZ 39831 133 7 three three CD 39831 133 8 - - HYPH 39831 133 9 quarters quarter NNS 39831 133 10 of of IN 39831 133 11 the the DT 39831 133 12 actual actual JJ 39831 133 13 size size NN 39831 133 14 . . . 39831 134 1 The the DT 39831 134 2 number number NN 39831 134 3 written write VBN 39831 134 4 against against IN 39831 134 5 any any DT 39831 134 6 figure figure NN 39831 134 7 gives give VBZ 39831 134 8 , , , 39831 134 9 on on IN 39831 134 10 the the DT 39831 134 11 assumption assumption NN 39831 134 12 that that IN 39831 134 13 no no DT 39831 134 14 unobserved unobserved JJ 39831 134 15 error error NN 39831 134 16 has have VBZ 39831 134 17 crept creep VBN 39831 134 18 in in RB 39831 134 19 , , , 39831 134 20 the the DT 39831 134 21 time time NN 39831 134 22 in in IN 39831 134 23 decimal decimal JJ 39831 134 24 parts part NNS 39831 134 25 of of IN 39831 134 26 a a DT 39831 134 27 second second JJ 39831 134 28 that that WDT 39831 134 29 has have VBZ 39831 134 30 elapsed elapse VBN 39831 134 31 since since IN 39831 134 32 the the DT 39831 134 33 stage stage NN 39831 134 34 marked mark VBN 39831 134 35 " " `` 39831 134 36 _ _ NNP 39831 134 37 T T NNP 39831 134 38 = = SYM 39831 134 39 0 0 NFP 39831 134 40 _ _ NN 39831 134 41 , , , 39831 134 42 " " '' 39831 134 43 which which WDT 39831 134 44 is be VBZ 39831 134 45 nearest near JJS 39831 134 46 to to IN 39831 134 47 the the DT 39831 134 48 first first JJ 39831 134 49 instant instant NN 39831 134 50 of of IN 39831 134 51 contact contact NN 39831 134 52 . . . 39831 135 1 The the DT 39831 135 2 reader reader NN 39831 135 3 will will MD 39831 135 4 understand understand VB 39831 135 5 from from IN 39831 135 6 what what WP 39831 135 7 has have VBZ 39831 135 8 been be VBN 39831 135 9 said say VBN 39831 135 10 that that IN 39831 135 11 the the DT 39831 135 12 error error NN 39831 135 13 in in IN 39831 135 14 any any DT 39831 135 15 of of IN 39831 135 16 these these DT 39831 135 17 times time NNS 39831 135 18 may may MD 39831 135 19 be be VB 39831 135 20 as as RB 39831 135 21 much much JJ 39831 135 22 as as IN 39831 135 23 two two CD 39831 135 24 - - HYPH 39831 135 25 thousandths thousandth NNS 39831 135 26 of of IN 39831 135 27 a a DT 39831 135 28 second second JJ 39831 135 29 , , , 39831 135 30 but but CC 39831 135 31 is be VBZ 39831 135 32 not not RB 39831 135 33 likely likely JJ 39831 135 34 to to TO 39831 135 35 be be VB 39831 135 36 more more JJR 39831 135 37 than than IN 39831 135 38 that that DT 39831 135 39 , , , 39831 135 40 when when WRB 39831 135 41 all all DT 39831 135 42 precautions precaution NNS 39831 135 43 were be VBD 39831 135 44 taken take VBN 39831 135 45 . . . 39831 136 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 136 2 will will MD 39831 136 3 be be VB 39831 136 4 observed observe VBN 39831 136 5 that that IN 39831 136 6 as as IN 39831 136 7 the the DT 39831 136 8 drop drop NN 39831 136 9 descends descend VBZ 39831 136 10 into into IN 39831 136 11 the the DT 39831 136 12 liquid liquid NN 39831 136 13 the the DT 39831 136 14 upper upper JJ 39831 136 15 portion portion NN 39831 136 16 is be VBZ 39831 136 17 at at IN 39831 136 18 first first RB 39831 136 19 not not RB 39831 136 20 appreciably appreciably RB 39831 136 21 distorted distort VBN 39831 136 22 , , , 39831 136 23 but but CC 39831 136 24 that that IN 39831 136 25 a a DT 39831 136 26 little little JJ 39831 136 27 cup cup NN 39831 136 28 or or CC 39831 136 29 crater crater NN 39831 136 30 of of IN 39831 136 31 liquid liquid NN 39831 136 32 is be VBZ 39831 136 33 thrown throw VBN 39831 136 34 up up RP 39831 136 35 round round IN 39831 136 36 it -PRON- PRP 39831 136 37 . . . 39831 137 1 As as IN 39831 137 2 the the DT 39831 137 3 drop drop NN 39831 137 4 descends descend VBZ 39831 137 5 further far RBR 39831 137 6 , , , 39831 137 7 this this DT 39831 137 8 crater crater NN 39831 137 9 grows grow VBZ 39831 137 10 wider wide JJR 39831 137 11 and and CC 39831 137 12 higher high JJR 39831 137 13 and and CC 39831 137 14 thicker thick JJR 39831 137 15 in in IN 39831 137 16 the the DT 39831 137 17 wall wall NN 39831 137 18 , , , 39831 137 19 and and CC 39831 137 20 jets jet NNS 39831 137 21 are be VBP 39831 137 22 shot shoot VBN 39831 137 23 out out RP 39831 137 24 from from IN 39831 137 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 137 26 edge edge NN 39831 137 27 or or CC 39831 137 28 rim rim NN 39831 137 29 . . . 39831 138 1 These these DT 39831 138 2 jets jet NNS 39831 138 3 are be VBP 39831 138 4 visible visible JJ 39831 138 5 even even RB 39831 138 6 in in IN 39831 138 7 the the DT 39831 138 8 second second JJ 39831 138 9 figure figure NN 39831 138 10 . . . 39831 139 1 The the DT 39831 139 2 black black JJ 39831 139 3 marks mark NNS 39831 139 4 on on IN 39831 139 5 the the DT 39831 139 6 inside inside JJ 39831 139 7 wall wall NN 39831 139 8 of of IN 39831 139 9 the the DT 39831 139 10 crater crater NN 39831 139 11 are be VBP 39831 139 12 due due JJ 39831 139 13 to to IN 39831 139 14 the the DT 39831 139 15 lamp lamp NN 39831 139 16 - - HYPH 39831 139 17 black black NN 39831 139 18 carried carry VBN 39831 139 19 down down RP 39831 139 20 with with IN 39831 139 21 the the DT 39831 139 22 drop drop NN 39831 139 23 from from IN 39831 139 24 the the DT 39831 139 25 smoked smoke VBN 39831 139 26 surface surface NN 39831 139 27 of of IN 39831 139 28 the the DT 39831 139 29 supporting support VBG 39831 139 30 cup cup NN 39831 139 31 : : : 39831 139 32 though though IN 39831 139 33 in in IN 39831 139 34 one one CD 39831 139 35 sense sense NN 39831 139 36 a a DT 39831 139 37 disfigurement disfigurement NN 39831 139 38 , , , 39831 139 39 they -PRON- PRP 39831 139 40 serve serve VBP 39831 139 41 to to TO 39831 139 42 show show VB 39831 139 43 by by IN 39831 139 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 39831 139 45 presence presence NN 39831 139 46 that that IN 39831 139 47 the the DT 39831 139 48 interior interior NN 39831 139 49 of of IN 39831 139 50 the the DT 39831 139 51 crater crater NN 39831 139 52 _ _ NNP 39831 139 53 is be VBZ 39831 139 54 lined line VBN 39831 139 55 by by IN 39831 139 56 the the DT 39831 139 57 original original JJ 39831 139 58 liquid liquid NN 39831 139 59 which which WDT 39831 139 60 formed form VBD 39831 139 61 the the DT 39831 139 62 drop drop NN 39831 139 63 _ _ NNP 39831 139 64 , , , 39831 139 65 and and CC 39831 139 66 thus thus RB 39831 139 67 afford afford VB 39831 139 68 useful useful JJ 39831 139 69 information information NN 39831 139 70 as as IN 39831 139 71 to to IN 39831 139 72 the the DT 39831 139 73 nature nature NN 39831 139 74 of of IN 39831 139 75 the the DT 39831 139 76 flow flow NN 39831 139 77 . . . 39831 140 1 The the DT 39831 140 2 crater crater NN 39831 140 3 rises rise VBZ 39831 140 4 with with IN 39831 140 5 great great JJ 39831 140 6 rapidity rapidity NN 39831 140 7 up up IN 39831 140 8 to to IN 39831 140 9 Fig Fig NNP 39831 140 10 . . . 39831 141 1 4 4 LS 39831 141 2 . . . 39831 142 1 In in IN 39831 142 2 Fig Fig NNP 39831 142 3 . . . 39831 143 1 5 5 CD 39831 143 2 the the DT 39831 143 3 walls wall NNS 39831 143 4 are be VBP 39831 143 5 beginning begin VBG 39831 143 6 to to TO 39831 143 7 grow grow VB 39831 143 8 thicker thick JJR 39831 143 9 , , , 39831 143 10 while while IN 39831 143 11 the the DT 39831 143 12 next next JJ 39831 143 13 three three CD 39831 143 14 figures figure NNS 39831 143 15 show show VBP 39831 143 16 the the DT 39831 143 17 crater crater NN 39831 143 18 subsiding subsiding JJ 39831 143 19 and and CC 39831 143 20 widening widen VBG 39831 143 21 , , , 39831 143 22 till till IN 39831 143 23 in in IN 39831 143 24 Fig Fig NNP 39831 143 25 . . . 39831 144 1 9 9 CD 39831 144 2 it -PRON- PRP 39831 144 3 lies lie VBZ 39831 144 4 as as IN 39831 144 5 a a DT 39831 144 6 mere mere JJ 39831 144 7 ring ring NN 39831 144 8 of of IN 39831 144 9 lobes lobe NNS 39831 144 10 on on IN 39831 144 11 the the DT 39831 144 12 surface surface NN 39831 144 13 , , , 39831 144 14 surrounding surround VBG 39831 144 15 a a DT 39831 144 16 central central JJ 39831 144 17 hollow hollow JJ 39831 144 18 . . . 39831 145 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 145 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 145 3 : : : 39831 145 4 SERIES serie NNS 39831 145 5 I -PRON- PRP 39831 145 6 Milk milk VBP 39831 145 7 into into IN 39831 145 8 water water NN 39831 145 9 ( ( -LRB- 39831 145 10 40 40 CD 39831 145 11 cm cm NNS 39831 145 12 . . . 39831 145 13 ) ) -RRB- 39831 145 14 . . . 39831 146 1 Scale Scale NNP 39831 146 2 3/4 3/4 CD 39831 146 3 . . . 39831 147 1 1 1 CD 39831 147 2 2 2 CD 39831 147 3 T t NN 39831 147 4 = = SYM 39831 147 5 0 0 CD 39831 147 6 3 3 CD 39831 147 7 0·002 0·002 NNP 39831 147 8 sec sec NNP 39831 147 9 . . . 39831 148 1 4 4 CD 39831 148 2 0·007 0·007 NNP 39831 148 3 sec sec NNP 39831 148 4 . . . 39831 149 1 5 5 CD 39831 149 2 0·018 0·018 NNP 39831 149 3 sec sec NNP 39831 149 4 . . . 39831 150 1 6 6 CD 39831 150 2 0·031 0·031 NNP 39831 150 3 sec sec NNP 39831 150 4 . . . 39831 151 1 7 7 CD 39831 151 2 0·040 0·040 NNP 39831 151 3 sec sec NNP 39831 151 4 . . . 39831 152 1 8 8 CD 39831 152 2 0·050 0·050 NNP 39831 152 3 sec sec NNP 39831 152 4 . . . 39831 153 1 9 9 CD 39831 153 2 0·056 0·056 NNP 39831 153 3 sec sec NNP 39831 153 4 . . . 39831 153 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 154 1 Fig fig NN 39831 154 2 . . . 39831 155 1 10 10 CD 39831 155 2 shows show VBZ 39831 155 3 the the DT 39831 155 4 beginning beginning NN 39831 155 5 of of IN 39831 155 6 the the DT 39831 155 7 rebound rebound NN 39831 155 8 , , , 39831 155 9 in in IN 39831 155 10 the the DT 39831 155 11 rising rising NN 39831 155 12 of of IN 39831 155 13 a a DT 39831 155 14 central central JJ 39831 155 15 column column NN 39831 155 16 . . . 39831 156 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 156 2 will will MD 39831 156 3 be be VB 39831 156 4 seen see VBN 39831 156 5 that that IN 39831 156 6 the the DT 39831 156 7 lamp lamp NN 39831 156 8 - - HYPH 39831 156 9 black black NN 39831 156 10 is be VBZ 39831 156 11 now now RB 39831 156 12 all all DT 39831 156 13 swept sweep VBN 39831 156 14 to to IN 39831 156 15 the the DT 39831 156 16 middle middle NN 39831 156 17 , , , 39831 156 18 indicating indicate VBG 39831 156 19 that that IN 39831 156 20 _ _ NNP 39831 156 21 the the DT 39831 156 22 liquid liquid NN 39831 156 23 of of IN 39831 156 24 the the DT 39831 156 25 original original JJ 39831 156 26 drop drop NN 39831 156 27 emerges emerge VBZ 39831 156 28 at at IN 39831 156 29 the the DT 39831 156 30 head head NN 39831 156 31 _ _ NNP 39831 156 32 of of IN 39831 156 33 the the DT 39831 156 34 central central JJ 39831 156 35 column column NN 39831 156 36 . . . 39831 157 1 Full full JJ 39831 157 2 confirmation confirmation NN 39831 157 3 of of IN 39831 157 4 this this DT 39831 157 5 is be VBZ 39831 157 6 obtained obtain VBN 39831 157 7 from from IN 39831 157 8 Fig Fig NNP 39831 157 9 . . . 39831 158 1 12 12 CD 39831 158 2 , , , 39831 158 3 which which WDT 39831 158 4 represents represent VBZ 39831 158 5 the the DT 39831 158 6 emergent emergent JJ 39831 158 7 column column NN 39831 158 8 obtained obtain VBD 39831 158 9 when when WRB 39831 158 10 the the DT 39831 158 11 circumstances circumstance NNS 39831 158 12 are be VBP 39831 158 13 all all PDT 39831 158 14 the the DT 39831 158 15 same same JJ 39831 158 16 , , , 39831 158 17 except except IN 39831 158 18 that that IN 39831 158 19 we -PRON- PRP 39831 158 20 have have VBP 39831 158 21 a a DT 39831 158 22 drop drop NN 39831 158 23 of of IN 39831 158 24 milk milk NN 39831 158 25 falling fall VBG 39831 158 26 into into IN 39831 158 27 water water NN 39831 158 28 instead instead RB 39831 158 29 of of IN 39831 158 30 water water NN 39831 158 31 falling fall VBG 39831 158 32 into into IN 39831 158 33 milk milk NN 39831 158 34 . . . 39831 159 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 159 2 will will MD 39831 159 3 be be VB 39831 159 4 observed observe VBN 39831 159 5 that that IN 39831 159 6 the the DT 39831 159 7 upper upper JJ 39831 159 8 part part NN 39831 159 9 only only RB 39831 159 10 of of IN 39831 159 11 the the DT 39831 159 12 column column NN 39831 159 13 is be VBZ 39831 159 14 visible visible JJ 39831 159 15 , , , 39831 159 16 precisely precisely RB 39831 159 17 because because IN 39831 159 18 it -PRON- PRP 39831 159 19 contains contain VBZ 39831 159 20 nearly nearly RB 39831 159 21 all all PDT 39831 159 22 the the DT 39831 159 23 milk milk NN 39831 159 24 of of IN 39831 159 25 the the DT 39831 159 26 drop drop NN 39831 159 27 , , , 39831 159 28 while while IN 39831 159 29 the the DT 39831 159 30 lower low JJR 39831 159 31 part part NN 39831 159 32 , , , 39831 159 33 consisting consist VBG 39831 159 34 chiefly chiefly RB 39831 159 35 of of IN 39831 159 36 transparent transparent JJ 39831 159 37 water water NN 39831 159 38 , , , 39831 159 39 remains remain VBZ 39831 159 40 invisible invisible JJ 39831 159 41 . . . 39831 160 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 160 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 160 3 : : : 39831 160 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 160 5 I--(_continued I--(_continued NNP 39831 160 6 _ _ NNP 39831 160 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 160 8 10 10 CD 39831 160 9 0·064 0·064 NNP 39831 160 10 sec sec NNP 39831 160 11 . . . 39831 161 1 11 11 CD 39831 161 2 0·073 0·073 NNP 39831 161 3 sec sec NNP 39831 161 4 . . . 39831 162 1 12 12 CD 39831 162 2 13 13 CD 39831 162 3 0·093 0·093 NNP 39831 162 4 sec sec NNP 39831 162 5 . . . 39831 162 6 ] ] -RRB- 39831 163 1 No no UH 39831 163 2 . . . 39831 164 1 15 15 CD 39831 164 2 shows show VBZ 39831 164 3 the the DT 39831 164 4 column column NN 39831 164 5 at at IN 39831 164 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 164 7 greatest great JJS 39831 164 8 height height NN 39831 164 9 , , , 39831 164 10 and and CC 39831 164 11 it -PRON- PRP 39831 164 12 should should MD 39831 164 13 be be VB 39831 164 14 noticed notice VBN 39831 164 15 that that IN 39831 164 16 Figs fig NNS 39831 164 17 . . . 39831 165 1 16 16 CD 39831 165 2 and and CC 39831 165 3 17 17 CD 39831 165 4 show show VBP 39831 165 5 a a DT 39831 165 6 tendency tendency NN 39831 165 7 on on IN 39831 165 8 the the DT 39831 165 9 part part NN 39831 165 10 of of IN 39831 165 11 the the DT 39831 165 12 head head NN 39831 165 13 of of IN 39831 165 14 this this DT 39831 165 15 column column NN 39831 165 16 to to TO 39831 165 17 split split VB 39831 165 18 off off RP 39831 165 19 as as IN 39831 165 20 a a DT 39831 165 21 separate separate JJ 39831 165 22 drop drop NN 39831 165 23 . . . 39831 166 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 166 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 166 3 : : : 39831 166 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 166 5 I--(_continued I--(_continued NNP 39831 166 6 _ _ NNP 39831 166 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 166 8 14 14 CD 39831 166 9 0·103 0·103 NNP 39831 166 10 sec sec NNP 39831 166 11 . . . 39831 167 1 15 15 CD 39831 167 2 0·116 0·116 NNP 39831 167 3 sec sec NNP 39831 167 4 . . . 39831 168 1 16 16 CD 39831 168 2 0·129 0·129 NNP 39831 168 3 sec sec NNP 39831 168 4 . . . 39831 168 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 169 1 The the DT 39831 169 2 column column NN 39831 169 3 in in IN 39831 169 4 subsiding subside VBG 39831 169 5 forms form NNS 39831 169 6 a a DT 39831 169 7 " " `` 39831 169 8 cake cake NN 39831 169 9 " " '' 39831 169 10 of of IN 39831 169 11 liquid liquid NN 39831 169 12 round round IN 39831 169 13 the the DT 39831 169 14 base base NN 39831 169 15 . . . 39831 170 1 The the DT 39831 170 2 edge edge NN 39831 170 3 of of IN 39831 170 4 this this DT 39831 170 5 circular circular JJ 39831 170 6 cake cake NN 39831 170 7 ( ( -LRB- 39831 170 8 see see VB 39831 170 9 Figs Figs NNP 39831 170 10 . . . 39831 171 1 17 17 CD 39831 171 2 , , , 39831 171 3 18 18 CD 39831 171 4 , , , 39831 171 5 and and CC 39831 171 6 19 19 CD 39831 171 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 171 8 is be VBZ 39831 171 9 the the DT 39831 171 10 first first JJ 39831 171 11 well well RB 39831 171 12 - - HYPH 39831 171 13 marked mark VBN 39831 171 14 ripple ripple NN 39831 171 15 spreading spread VBG 39831 171 16 outwards outward NNS 39831 171 17 in in IN 39831 171 18 an an DT 39831 171 19 ever ever RB 39831 171 20 - - HYPH 39831 171 21 widening widen VBG 39831 171 22 circle circle NN 39831 171 23 . . . 39831 172 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 172 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 172 3 : : : 39831 172 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 172 5 I--(_continued I--(_continued NNP 39831 172 6 _ _ NNP 39831 172 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 172 8 17 17 CD 39831 172 9 0·153 0â·153 NN 39831 172 10 sec sec NNP 39831 172 11 . . . 39831 173 1 18 18 CD 39831 173 2 0·197 0·197 NNP 39831 173 3 sec sec NNP 39831 173 4 . . . 39831 174 1 19 19 CD 39831 174 2 0·217 0â·217 CD 39831 174 3 sec sec NNP 39831 174 4 . . . 39831 174 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 175 1 If if IN 39831 175 2 Fig Fig NNP 39831 175 3 . . . 39831 176 1 19 19 CD 39831 176 2 is be VBZ 39831 176 3 reached reach VBN 39831 176 4 without without IN 39831 176 5 the the DT 39831 176 6 top top NN 39831 176 7 of of IN 39831 176 8 the the DT 39831 176 9 column column NN 39831 176 10 having have VBG 39831 176 11 separated separate VBN 39831 176 12 , , , 39831 176 13 then then RB 39831 176 14 the the DT 39831 176 15 splash splash NN 39831 176 16 follows follow VBZ 39831 176 17 the the DT 39831 176 18 course course NN 39831 176 19 shown show VBN 39831 176 20 in in IN 39831 176 21 Figs Figs NNP 39831 176 22 . . . 39831 177 1 20-a 20-a CD 39831 177 2 to to IN 39831 177 3 23-a 23-a CD 39831 177 4 , , , 39831 177 5 in in IN 39831 177 6 which which WDT 39831 177 7 it -PRON- PRP 39831 177 8 will will MD 39831 177 9 be be VB 39831 177 10 observed observe VBN 39831 177 11 that that IN 39831 177 12 the the DT 39831 177 13 disappearance disappearance NN 39831 177 14 of of IN 39831 177 15 the the DT 39831 177 16 first first JJ 39831 177 17 column column NN 39831 177 18 is be VBZ 39831 177 19 very very RB 39831 177 20 quickly quickly RB 39831 177 21 followed follow VBN 39831 177 22 by by IN 39831 177 23 the the DT 39831 177 24 rise rise NN 39831 177 25 of of IN 39831 177 26 a a DT 39831 177 27 secondary secondary JJ 39831 177 28 column column NN 39831 177 29 very very RB 39831 177 30 different different JJ 39831 177 31 in in IN 39831 177 32 shape shape NN 39831 177 33 , , , 39831 177 34 which which WDT 39831 177 35 itself -PRON- PRP 39831 177 36 subsides subside NNS 39831 177 37 again again RB 39831 177 38 , , , 39831 177 39 but but CC 39831 177 40 has have VBZ 39831 177 41 not not RB 39831 177 42 yet yet RB 39831 177 43 ( ( -LRB- 39831 177 44 in in IN 39831 177 45 23-a 23-a CD 39831 177 46 ) ) -RRB- 39831 177 47 formed form VBN 39831 177 48 , , , 39831 177 49 as as IN 39831 177 50 it -PRON- PRP 39831 177 51 ultimately ultimately RB 39831 177 52 will will MD 39831 177 53 , , , 39831 177 54 a a DT 39831 177 55 second second JJ 39831 177 56 " " `` 39831 177 57 cake cake NN 39831 177 58 " " '' 39831 177 59 on on IN 39831 177 60 the the DT 39831 177 61 top top NN 39831 177 62 of of IN 39831 177 63 the the DT 39831 177 64 first first JJ 39831 177 65 . . . 39831 178 1 Thus thus RB 39831 178 2 the the DT 39831 178 3 second second JJ 39831 178 4 ripple ripple NN 39831 178 5 follows follow VBZ 39831 178 6 late late RB 39831 178 7 after after IN 39831 178 8 the the DT 39831 178 9 first first JJ 39831 178 10 . . . 39831 179 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 179 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 179 3 : : : 39831 179 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 179 5 I--(_continued I--(_continued NNP 39831 179 6 _ _ NNP 39831 179 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 179 8 Alternative Alternative NNP 39831 179 9 ( ( -LRB- 39831 179 10 _ _ NNP 39831 179 11 a a DT 39831 179 12 _ _ NNP 39831 179 13 ) ) -RRB- 39831 179 14 . . . 39831 180 1 20-a 20-a CD 39831 180 2 0·240 0·240 NNP 39831 180 3 sec sec NNP 39831 180 4 . . . 39831 181 1 21-a 21-a CD 39831 181 2 0·242 0â·242 CD 39831 181 3 sec sec NNP 39831 181 4 . . . 39831 182 1 22-a 22-a CD 39831 182 2 0·248 0·248 NNP 39831 182 3 sec sec NNP 39831 182 4 . . . 39831 183 1 23-a 23-a LS 39831 183 2 0·253 0·253 NNP 39831 183 3 sec sec NNP 39831 183 4 . . . 39831 183 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 184 1 If if IN 39831 184 2 , , , 39831 184 3 however however RB 39831 184 4 , , , 39831 184 5 the the DT 39831 184 6 summit summit NN 39831 184 7 of of IN 39831 184 8 the the DT 39831 184 9 primary primary JJ 39831 184 10 column column NN 39831 184 11 succeeds succeed VBZ 39831 184 12 in in IN 39831 184 13 breaking break VBG 39831 184 14 off off RP 39831 184 15 ( ( -LRB- 39831 184 16 as as IN 39831 184 17 in in IN 39831 184 18 Fig Fig NNP 39831 184 19 . . . 39831 185 1 18-b 18-b LS 39831 185 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 185 3 , , , 39831 185 4 or or CC 39831 185 5 even even RB 39831 185 6 in in IN 39831 185 7 very very RB 39831 185 8 nearly nearly RB 39831 185 9 breaking break VBG 39831 185 10 off off RP 39831 185 11 , , , 39831 185 12 then then RB 39831 185 13 the the DT 39831 185 14 impact impact NN 39831 185 15 of of IN 39831 185 16 this this DT 39831 185 17 newly newly RB 39831 185 18 - - HYPH 39831 185 19 formed form VBN 39831 185 20 drop drop NN 39831 185 21 forms form VBZ 39831 185 22 a a DT 39831 185 23 second second JJ 39831 185 24 slight slight JJ 39831 185 25 crater crater NN 39831 185 26 on on IN 39831 185 27 the the DT 39831 185 28 top top NN 39831 185 29 of of IN 39831 185 30 the the DT 39831 185 31 first first JJ 39831 185 32 cake cake NN 39831 185 33 , , , 39831 185 34 and and CC 39831 185 35 we -PRON- PRP 39831 185 36 have have VBP 39831 185 37 the the DT 39831 185 38 series series NN 39831 185 39 ( ( -LRB- 39831 185 40 18-b 18-b CD 39831 185 41 to to IN 39831 185 42 24-b 24-b CD 39831 185 43 ) ) -RRB- 39831 185 44 , , , 39831 185 45 in in IN 39831 185 46 which which WDT 39831 185 47 it -PRON- PRP 39831 185 48 will will MD 39831 185 49 be be VB 39831 185 50 observed observe VBN 39831 185 51 that that IN 39831 185 52 the the DT 39831 185 53 rim rim NN 39831 185 54 of of IN 39831 185 55 the the DT 39831 185 56 secondary secondary JJ 39831 185 57 crater crater NN 39831 185 58 spreads spread VBZ 39831 185 59 rapidly rapidly RB 39831 185 60 outwards outward VBZ 39831 185 61 , , , 39831 185 62 so so IN 39831 185 63 that that IN 39831 185 64 a a DT 39831 185 65 second second JJ 39831 185 66 well well RB 39831 185 67 - - HYPH 39831 185 68 marked mark VBN 39831 185 69 circular circular JJ 39831 185 70 ripple ripple NN 39831 185 71 in in IN 39831 185 72 this this DT 39831 185 73 case case NN 39831 185 74 _ _ NNP 39831 185 75 quickly quickly RB 39831 185 76 _ _ NNP 39831 185 77 follows follow VBZ 39831 185 78 the the DT 39831 185 79 first first JJ 39831 185 80 . . . 39831 186 1 The the DT 39831 186 2 secondary secondary JJ 39831 186 3 column column NN 39831 186 4 that that WDT 39831 186 5 is be VBZ 39831 186 6 thrown throw VBN 39831 186 7 up up RP 39831 186 8 in in IN 39831 186 9 Fig Fig NNP 39831 186 10 . . . 39831 187 1 23-b 23-b LS 39831 187 2 is be VBZ 39831 187 3 very very RB 39831 187 4 like like IN 39831 187 5 that that DT 39831 187 6 which which WDT 39831 187 7 emerged emerge VBD 39831 187 8 at at IN 39831 187 9 a a DT 39831 187 10 much much RB 39831 187 11 earlier early JJR 39831 187 12 stage stage NN 39831 187 13 in in IN 39831 187 14 the the DT 39831 187 15 ( ( -LRB- 39831 187 16 _ _ NNP 39831 187 17 a a DT 39831 187 18 _ _ NNP 39831 187 19 ) ) -RRB- 39831 187 20 series series NN 39831 187 21 . . . 39831 188 1 The the DT 39831 188 2 photographs photograph NNS 39831 188 3 of of IN 39831 188 4 this this DT 39831 188 5 ( ( -LRB- 39831 188 6 _ _ NNP 39831 188 7 b b NNP 39831 188 8 _ _ NNP 39831 188 9 ) ) -RRB- 39831 188 10 series series NN 39831 188 11 show show VBP 39831 188 12 very very RB 39831 188 13 beautifully beautifully RB 39831 188 14 the the DT 39831 188 15 manner manner NN 39831 188 16 in in IN 39831 188 17 which which WDT 39831 188 18 the the DT 39831 188 19 advancing advance VBG 39831 188 20 edge edge NN 39831 188 21 of of IN 39831 188 22 the the DT 39831 188 23 ripple ripple JJ 39831 188 24 degenerates degenerate NNS 39831 188 25 into into IN 39831 188 26 smaller small JJR 39831 188 27 ripples ripple NNS 39831 188 28 travelling travel VBG 39831 188 29 with with IN 39831 188 30 greater great JJR 39831 188 31 speed speed NN 39831 188 32 . . . 39831 189 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 189 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 189 3 : : : 39831 189 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 189 5 I--(_continued I--(_continued NNP 39831 189 6 _ _ NNP 39831 189 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 189 8 Alternative Alternative NNP 39831 189 9 ( ( -LRB- 39831 189 10 _ _ NNP 39831 189 11 b b NNP 39831 189 12 _ _ NNP 39831 189 13 ) ) -RRB- 39831 189 14 . . . 39831 190 1 18-b 18-b CD 39831 190 2 0·214 0·214 NNP 39831 190 3 sec sec NNP 39831 190 4 . . . 39831 191 1 19-b 19-b CD 39831 191 2 0·237 0·237 NNP 39831 191 3 sec sec NNP 39831 191 4 . . . 39831 192 1 20-b 20-b LS 39831 192 2 0·242 0â·242 CD 39831 192 3 sec sec NNP 39831 192 4 . . . 39831 193 1 21-b 21-b CD 39831 193 2 0·244 0â·244 CD 39831 193 3 sec sec NNP 39831 193 4 . . . 39831 193 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 194 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 194 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 194 3 : : : 39831 194 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 194 5 I--(_continued I--(_continued NNP 39831 194 6 _ _ NNP 39831 194 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 194 8 Alternative Alternative NNP 39831 194 9 ( ( -LRB- 39831 194 10 _ _ NNP 39831 194 11 b b NNP 39831 194 12 _ _ NNP 39831 194 13 ) ) -RRB- 39831 194 14 . . . 39831 195 1 22-b 22-b LS 39831 195 2 0·261 0â·261 IN 39831 195 3 sec sec NNP 39831 195 4 . . . 39831 196 1 23-b 23-b CD 39831 196 2 0·257 0·257 NNP 39831 196 3 sec sec NNP 39831 196 4 . . . 39831 197 1 24-b 24-b CD 39831 197 2 0·311 0·311 NNP 39831 197 3 sec sec NNP 39831 197 4 . . . 39831 197 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 198 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 198 2 will will MD 39831 198 3 be be VB 39831 198 4 readily readily RB 39831 198 5 understood understand VBN 39831 198 6 that that IN 39831 198 7 if if IN 39831 198 8 the the DT 39831 198 9 splitting splitting NN 39831 198 10 off off RP 39831 198 11 of of IN 39831 198 12 the the DT 39831 198 13 head head NN 39831 198 14 of of IN 39831 198 15 the the DT 39831 198 16 primary primary JJ 39831 198 17 column column NN 39831 198 18 happens happen VBZ 39831 198 19 to to TO 39831 198 20 take take VB 39831 198 21 place place NN 39831 198 22 a a DT 39831 198 23 little little JJ 39831 198 24 earlier early RBR 39831 198 25 , , , 39831 198 26 or or CC 39831 198 27 on on IN 39831 198 28 the the DT 39831 198 29 other other JJ 39831 198 30 hand hand NN 39831 198 31 is be VBZ 39831 198 32 nearly nearly RB 39831 198 33 , , , 39831 198 34 but but CC 39831 198 35 not not RB 39831 198 36 quite quite RB 39831 198 37 , , , 39831 198 38 complete complete JJ 39831 198 39 when when WRB 39831 198 40 it -PRON- PRP 39831 198 41 descends descend VBZ 39831 198 42 below below IN 39831 198 43 the the DT 39831 198 44 surface surface NN 39831 198 45 , , , 39831 198 46 then then RB 39831 198 47 subsequent subsequent JJ 39831 198 48 configurations configuration NNS 39831 198 49 will will MD 39831 198 50 differ differ VB 39831 198 51 somewhat somewhat RB 39831 198 52 from from IN 39831 198 53 either either DT 39831 198 54 of of IN 39831 198 55 the the DT 39831 198 56 sub sub NN 39831 198 57 - - HYPH 39831 198 58 series series NN 39831 198 59 here here RB 39831 198 60 shown show VBN 39831 198 61 . . . 39831 199 1 Since since IN 39831 199 2 any any DT 39831 199 3 figure figure NN 39831 199 4 photographed photograph VBN 39831 199 5 might may MD 39831 199 6 belong belong VB 39831 199 7 to to IN 39831 199 8 either either DT 39831 199 9 sequence sequence NN 39831 199 10 , , , 39831 199 11 the the DT 39831 199 12 disentanglement disentanglement NN 39831 199 13 of of IN 39831 199 14 the the DT 39831 199 15 two two CD 39831 199 16 series series NN 39831 199 17 required require VBD 39831 199 18 careful careful JJ 39831 199 19 consideration consideration NN 39831 199 20 and and CC 39831 199 21 long long JJ 39831 199 22 experimenting experimenting NN 39831 199 23 . . . 39831 200 1 The the DT 39831 200 2 reappearance reappearance NN 39831 200 3 of of IN 39831 200 4 the the DT 39831 200 5 original original JJ 39831 200 6 drop drop NN 39831 200 7 at at IN 39831 200 8 the the DT 39831 200 9 head head NN 39831 200 10 of of IN 39831 200 11 the the DT 39831 200 12 rebounding rebound VBG 39831 200 13 column column NN 39831 200 14 , , , 39831 200 15 of of IN 39831 200 16 which which WDT 39831 200 17 the the DT 39831 200 18 explanation explanation NN 39831 200 19 has have VBZ 39831 200 20 been be VBN 39831 200 21 given give VBN 39831 200 22 in in IN 39831 200 23 this this DT 39831 200 24 chapter chapter NN 39831 200 25 , , , 39831 200 26 is be VBZ 39831 200 27 easily easily RB 39831 200 28 verified verify VBN 39831 200 29 by by IN 39831 200 30 naked naked JJ 39831 200 31 - - HYPH 39831 200 32 eye eye NN 39831 200 33 observation observation NN 39831 200 34 . . . 39831 201 1 Let let VB 39831 201 2 the the DT 39831 201 3 reader reader NN 39831 201 4 when when WRB 39831 201 5 he -PRON- PRP 39831 201 6 next next RB 39831 201 7 receives receive VBZ 39831 201 8 a a DT 39831 201 9 cup cup NN 39831 201 10 of of IN 39831 201 11 tea tea NN 39831 201 12 or or CC 39831 201 13 coffee coffee NN 39831 201 14 to to TO 39831 201 15 which which WDT 39831 201 16 no no DT 39831 201 17 milk milk NN 39831 201 18 has have VBZ 39831 201 19 yet yet RB 39831 201 20 been be VBN 39831 201 21 added add VBN 39831 201 22 , , , 39831 201 23 make make VB 39831 201 24 the the DT 39831 201 25 simple simple JJ 39831 201 26 experiment experiment NN 39831 201 27 of of IN 39831 201 28 dropping drop VBG 39831 201 29 into into IN 39831 201 30 it -PRON- PRP 39831 201 31 from from IN 39831 201 32 a a DT 39831 201 33 spoon spoon NN 39831 201 34 , , , 39831 201 35 at at IN 39831 201 36 the the DT 39831 201 37 height height NN 39831 201 38 of of IN 39831 201 39 fifteen fifteen CD 39831 201 40 or or CC 39831 201 41 sixteen sixteen CD 39831 201 42 inches inch NNS 39831 201 43 above above IN 39831 201 44 the the DT 39831 201 45 surface surface NN 39831 201 46 , , , 39831 201 47 a a DT 39831 201 48 single single JJ 39831 201 49 drop drop NN 39831 201 50 of of IN 39831 201 51 milk milk NN 39831 201 52 . . . 39831 202 1 He -PRON- PRP 39831 202 2 will will MD 39831 202 3 have have VB 39831 202 4 no no DT 39831 202 5 difficulty difficulty NN 39831 202 6 in in IN 39831 202 7 recognizing recognize VBG 39831 202 8 that that IN 39831 202 9 the the DT 39831 202 10 column column NN 39831 202 11 which which WDT 39831 202 12 emerges emerge VBZ 39831 202 13 carries carry VBZ 39831 202 14 the the DT 39831 202 15 white white JJ 39831 202 16 milk milk NN 39831 202 17 - - HYPH 39831 202 18 drop drop NN 39831 202 19 at at IN 39831 202 20 the the DT 39831 202 21 top top NN 39831 202 22 only only RB 39831 202 23 slightly slightly RB 39831 202 24 stained stain VBN 39831 202 25 by by IN 39831 202 26 the the DT 39831 202 27 liquid liquid NN 39831 202 28 into into IN 39831 202 29 which which WDT 39831 202 30 it -PRON- PRP 39831 202 31 has have VBZ 39831 202 32 fallen fall VBN 39831 202 33 . . . 39831 203 1 In in IN 39831 203 2 the the DT 39831 203 3 same same JJ 39831 203 4 way way NN 39831 203 5 naked naked JJ 39831 203 6 - - HYPH 39831 203 7 eye eye NN 39831 203 8 observation observation NN 39831 203 9 reveals reveal VBZ 39831 203 10 the the DT 39831 203 11 crater crater NN 39831 203 12 thrown throw VBN 39831 203 13 up up RP 39831 203 14 by by IN 39831 203 15 the the DT 39831 203 16 entry entry NN 39831 203 17 of of IN 39831 203 18 a a DT 39831 203 19 big big JJ 39831 203 20 rain rain NN 39831 203 21 - - HYPH 39831 203 22 drop drop NN 39831 203 23 into into IN 39831 203 24 a a DT 39831 203 25 pool pool NN 39831 203 26 of of IN 39831 203 27 water water NN 39831 203 28 . . . 39831 204 1 In in IN 39831 204 2 either either DT 39831 204 3 case case NN 39831 204 4 what what WP 39831 204 5 we -PRON- PRP 39831 204 6 are be VBP 39831 204 7 able able JJ 39831 204 8 to to TO 39831 204 9 glimpse glimpse VB 39831 204 10 is be VBZ 39831 204 11 a a DT 39831 204 12 " " `` 39831 204 13 stationary stationary JJ 39831 204 14 " " '' 39831 204 15 stage stage NN 39831 204 16 . . . 39831 205 1 The the DT 39831 205 2 rebounding rebound VBG 39831 205 3 column column NN 39831 205 4 reaches reach VBZ 39831 205 5 a a DT 39831 205 6 maximum maximum JJ 39831 205 7 height height NN 39831 205 8 , , , 39831 205 9 remains remain VBZ 39831 205 10 poised poise VBN 39831 205 11 for for IN 39831 205 12 an an DT 39831 205 13 instant instant NN 39831 205 14 , , , 39831 205 15 and and CC 39831 205 16 then then RB 39831 205 17 descends descend VBZ 39831 205 18 . . . 39831 206 1 The the DT 39831 206 2 same same JJ 39831 206 3 is be VBZ 39831 206 4 true true JJ 39831 206 5 of of IN 39831 206 6 the the DT 39831 206 7 crater crater NN 39831 206 8 . . . 39831 207 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 207 2 is be VBZ 39831 207 3 the the DT 39831 207 4 relatively relatively RB 39831 207 5 long long JJ 39831 207 6 duration duration NN 39831 207 7 of of IN 39831 207 8 the the DT 39831 207 9 moment moment NN 39831 207 10 of of IN 39831 207 11 poise poise NN 39831 207 12 that that WDT 39831 207 13 produces produce VBZ 39831 207 14 on on IN 39831 207 15 the the DT 39831 207 16 eye eye NN 39831 207 17 a a DT 39831 207 18 clear clear JJ 39831 207 19 impression impression NN 39831 207 20 where where WRB 39831 207 21 all all DT 39831 207 22 else else RB 39831 207 23 is be VBZ 39831 207 24 blurred blur VBN 39831 207 25 by by IN 39831 207 26 rapid rapid JJ 39831 207 27 change change NN 39831 207 28 . . . 39831 208 1 But but CC 39831 208 2 there there EX 39831 208 3 is be VBZ 39831 208 4 frequently frequently RB 39831 208 5 a a DT 39831 208 6 curious curious JJ 39831 208 7 illusion illusion NN 39831 208 8 . . . 39831 209 1 We -PRON- PRP 39831 209 2 often often RB 39831 209 3 seem seem VBP 39831 209 4 to to TO 39831 209 5 see see VB 39831 209 6 the the DT 39831 209 7 crater crater NN 39831 209 8 with with IN 39831 209 9 the the DT 39831 209 10 column column NN 39831 209 11 standing stand VBG 39831 209 12 erect erect NN 39831 209 13 in in IN 39831 209 14 the the DT 39831 209 15 middle middle NN 39831 209 16 of of IN 39831 209 17 it -PRON- PRP 39831 209 18 . . . 39831 210 1 We -PRON- PRP 39831 210 2 know know VBP 39831 210 3 now now RB 39831 210 4 that that IN 39831 210 5 in in IN 39831 210 6 reality reality NN 39831 210 7 the the DT 39831 210 8 crater crater NN 39831 210 9 has have VBZ 39831 210 10 vanished vanish VBN 39831 210 11 before before IN 39831 210 12 the the DT 39831 210 13 column column NN 39831 210 14 appears appear VBZ 39831 210 15 . . . 39831 211 1 But but CC 39831 211 2 the the DT 39831 211 3 image image NN 39831 211 4 of of IN 39831 211 5 the the DT 39831 211 6 crater crater NN 39831 211 7 has have VBZ 39831 211 8 not not RB 39831 211 9 time time NN 39831 211 10 to to TO 39831 211 11 fade fade VB 39831 211 12 before before IN 39831 211 13 that that DT 39831 211 14 of of IN 39831 211 15 the the DT 39831 211 16 column column NN 39831 211 17 is be VBZ 39831 211 18 superposed superpose VBN 39831 211 19 on on IN 39831 211 20 it -PRON- PRP 39831 211 21 . . . 39831 212 1 Those those DT 39831 212 2 who who WP 39831 212 3 are be VBP 39831 212 4 accustomed accustomed JJ 39831 212 5 " " '' 39831 212 6 to to TO 39831 212 7 believe believe VB 39831 212 8 nothing nothing NN 39831 212 9 that that WDT 39831 212 10 they -PRON- PRP 39831 212 11 hear hear VBP 39831 212 12 and and CC 39831 212 13 only only RB 39831 212 14 half half NN 39831 212 15 of of IN 39831 212 16 what what WP 39831 212 17 they -PRON- PRP 39831 212 18 see see VBP 39831 212 19 " " `` 39831 212 20 may may MD 39831 212 21 be be VB 39831 212 22 glad glad JJ 39831 212 23 to to TO 39831 212 24 find find VB 39831 212 25 at at IN 39831 212 26 least least JJS 39831 212 27 the the DT 39831 212 28 latter latter JJ 39831 212 29 part part NN 39831 212 30 of of IN 39831 212 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 39831 212 32 maxim maxim NN 39831 212 33 so so RB 39831 212 34 completely completely RB 39831 212 35 justified justified JJ 39831 212 36 . . . 39831 213 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 213 2 III iii CD 39831 213 3 PRINCIPLES principle NNS 39831 213 4 INVOLVED involve VBD 39831 213 5 The the DT 39831 213 6 reader reader NN 39831 213 7 's 's POS 39831 213 8 attention attention NN 39831 213 9 has have VBZ 39831 213 10 now now RB 39831 213 11 been be VBN 39831 213 12 directed direct VBN 39831 213 13 to to IN 39831 213 14 various various JJ 39831 213 15 features feature NNS 39831 213 16 which which WDT 39831 213 17 , , , 39831 213 18 with with IN 39831 213 19 certain certain JJ 39831 213 20 modifications modification NNS 39831 213 21 , , , 39831 213 22 will will MD 39831 213 23 be be VB 39831 213 24 found find VBN 39831 213 25 in in IN 39831 213 26 many many JJ 39831 213 27 of of IN 39831 213 28 the the DT 39831 213 29 splashes splash NNS 39831 213 30 that that WDT 39831 213 31 we -PRON- PRP 39831 213 32 shall shall MD 39831 213 33 examine examine VB 39831 213 34 ; ; : 39831 213 35 but but CC 39831 213 36 so so RB 39831 213 37 far far RB 39831 213 38 the the DT 39831 213 39 language language NN 39831 213 40 used use VBN 39831 213 41 has have VBZ 39831 213 42 been be VBN 39831 213 43 simply simply RB 39831 213 44 descriptive descriptive JJ 39831 213 45 and and CC 39831 213 46 in in IN 39831 213 47 no no DT 39831 213 48 way way NN 39831 213 49 explanatory explanatory JJ 39831 213 50 . . . 39831 214 1 Instead instead RB 39831 214 2 of of IN 39831 214 3 going go VBG 39831 214 4 on on RP 39831 214 5 to to TO 39831 214 6 describe describe VB 39831 214 7 other other JJ 39831 214 8 splashes splash NNS 39831 214 9 in in IN 39831 214 10 the the DT 39831 214 11 same same JJ 39831 214 12 way way NN 39831 214 13 , , , 39831 214 14 and and CC 39831 214 15 thus thus RB 39831 214 16 to to TO 39831 214 17 accumulate accumulate VB 39831 214 18 a a DT 39831 214 19 great great JJ 39831 214 20 mass mass NN 39831 214 21 of of IN 39831 214 22 uncoördinated uncoã¶rdinated JJ 39831 214 23 descriptive descriptive JJ 39831 214 24 detail detail NN 39831 214 25 , , , 39831 214 26 it -PRON- PRP 39831 214 27 will will MD 39831 214 28 be be VB 39831 214 29 better well JJR 39831 214 30 to to TO 39831 214 31 pause pause VB 39831 214 32 for for IN 39831 214 33 a a DT 39831 214 34 moment moment NN 39831 214 35 in in IN 39831 214 36 order order NN 39831 214 37 to to TO 39831 214 38 become become VB 39831 214 39 acquainted acquaint VBN 39831 214 40 with with IN 39831 214 41 certain certain JJ 39831 214 42 principles principle NNS 39831 214 43 connected connect VBN 39831 214 44 with with IN 39831 214 45 the the DT 39831 214 46 behaviour behaviour NN 39831 214 47 of of IN 39831 214 48 liquids liquids NNP 39831 214 49 , , , 39831 214 50 the the DT 39831 214 51 application application NN 39831 214 52 of of IN 39831 214 53 which which WDT 39831 214 54 will will MD 39831 214 55 go go VB 39831 214 56 a a DT 39831 214 57 long long JJ 39831 214 58 way way NN 39831 214 59 towards towards IN 39831 214 60 explaining explain VBG 39831 214 61 what what WP 39831 214 62 we -PRON- PRP 39831 214 63 see see VBP 39831 214 64 going go VBG 39831 214 65 on on RP 39831 214 66 in in IN 39831 214 67 any any DT 39831 214 68 splash splash NN 39831 214 69 . . . 39831 215 1 The the DT 39831 215 2 first first JJ 39831 215 3 principle principle NN 39831 215 4 to to TO 39831 215 5 be be VB 39831 215 6 understood understand VBN 39831 215 7 is be VBZ 39831 215 8 that that IN 39831 215 9 the the DT 39831 215 10 surface surface NN 39831 215 11 layers layer NNS 39831 215 12 of of IN 39831 215 13 any any DT 39831 215 14 liquid liquid NN 39831 215 15 behave behave NN 39831 215 16 like like IN 39831 215 17 a a DT 39831 215 18 uniformly uniformly RB 39831 215 19 stretched stretch VBN 39831 215 20 skin skin NN 39831 215 21 or or CC 39831 215 22 membrane membrane NN 39831 215 23 , , , 39831 215 24 which which WDT 39831 215 25 is be VBZ 39831 215 26 always always RB 39831 215 27 endeavouring endeavour VBG 39831 215 28 to to TO 39831 215 29 contract contract VB 39831 215 30 and and CC 39831 215 31 to to TO 39831 215 32 diminish diminish VB 39831 215 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 215 34 area area NN 39831 215 35 . . . 39831 216 1 If if IN 39831 216 2 the the DT 39831 216 3 surface surface NN 39831 216 4 is be VBZ 39831 216 5 flat flat JJ 39831 216 6 , , , 39831 216 7 like like IN 39831 216 8 the the DT 39831 216 9 surface surface NN 39831 216 10 of of IN 39831 216 11 still still RB 39831 216 12 liquid liquid NN 39831 216 13 in in IN 39831 216 14 a a DT 39831 216 15 bowl bowl NN 39831 216 16 , , , 39831 216 17 this this DT 39831 216 18 surface surface NN 39831 216 19 - - HYPH 39831 216 20 tension tension NN 39831 216 21 has have VBZ 39831 216 22 only only RB 39831 216 23 the the DT 39831 216 24 effect effect NN 39831 216 25 of of IN 39831 216 26 exerting exert VBG 39831 216 27 a a DT 39831 216 28 small small JJ 39831 216 29 inward inward NN 39831 216 30 pull pull VB 39831 216 31 on on RP 39831 216 32 the the DT 39831 216 33 walls wall NNS 39831 216 34 of of IN 39831 216 35 the the DT 39831 216 36 bowl bowl NN 39831 216 37 . . . 39831 217 1 But but CC 39831 217 2 if if IN 39831 217 3 the the DT 39831 217 4 surface surface NN 39831 217 5 is be VBZ 39831 217 6 curved curved JJ 39831 217 7 , , , 39831 217 8 with with IN 39831 217 9 a a DT 39831 217 10 convexity convexity NN 39831 217 11 outwards outward NNS 39831 217 12 , , , 39831 217 13 then then RB 39831 217 14 the the DT 39831 217 15 surface surface NN 39831 217 16 layers layer NNS 39831 217 17 , , , 39831 217 18 on on IN 39831 217 19 account account NN 39831 217 20 of of IN 39831 217 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 39831 217 22 tension tension NN 39831 217 23 , , , 39831 217 24 press press VB 39831 217 25 the the DT 39831 217 26 interior interior JJ 39831 217 27 liquid liquid NN 39831 217 28 back back RP 39831 217 29 , , , 39831 217 30 and and CC 39831 217 31 thus thus RB 39831 217 32 tend tend VB 39831 217 33 to to TO 39831 217 34 check check VB 39831 217 35 the the DT 39831 217 36 growth growth NN 39831 217 37 of of IN 39831 217 38 any any DT 39831 217 39 protuberance protuberance NN 39831 217 40 ; ; : 39831 217 41 while while IN 39831 217 42 , , , 39831 217 43 on on IN 39831 217 44 the the DT 39831 217 45 other other JJ 39831 217 46 hand hand NN 39831 217 47 , , , 39831 217 48 if if IN 39831 217 49 the the DT 39831 217 50 surface surface NN 39831 217 51 is be VBZ 39831 217 52 concave concave NNP 39831 217 53 outwards outward NNS 39831 217 54 , , , 39831 217 55 then then RB 39831 217 56 the the DT 39831 217 57 surface surface NN 39831 217 58 - - HYPH 39831 217 59 tension tension NN 39831 217 60 tends tend VBZ 39831 217 61 to to TO 39831 217 62 pull pull VB 39831 217 63 the the DT 39831 217 64 interior interior JJ 39831 217 65 liquid liquid NN 39831 217 66 forward forward RB 39831 217 67 , , , 39831 217 68 and and CC 39831 217 69 so so RB 39831 217 70 to to TO 39831 217 71 diminish diminish VB 39831 217 72 the the DT 39831 217 73 concavity concavity NN 39831 217 74 . . . 39831 218 1 Direct direct JJ 39831 218 2 evidence evidence NN 39831 218 3 of of IN 39831 218 4 this this DT 39831 218 5 surface surface NN 39831 218 6 - - HYPH 39831 218 7 tension tension NN 39831 218 8 is be VBZ 39831 218 9 easy easy JJ 39831 218 10 to to TO 39831 218 11 cite cite VB 39831 218 12 . . . 39831 219 1 We -PRON- PRP 39831 219 2 have have VBP 39831 219 3 it -PRON- PRP 39831 219 4 in in IN 39831 219 5 any any DT 39831 219 6 pendent pendent NN 39831 219 7 drop drop NN 39831 219 8 , , , 39831 219 9 such such JJ 39831 219 10 as as IN 39831 219 11 any any DT 39831 219 12 of of IN 39831 219 13 those those DT 39831 219 14 shown show VBN 39831 219 15 in in IN 39831 219 16 the the DT 39831 219 17 accompanying accompanying JJ 39831 219 18 figures figure NNS 39831 219 19 . . . 39831 220 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 220 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 220 3 : : : 39831 220 4 WATER water NN 39831 220 5 . . . 39831 221 1 TURPENTINE TURPENTINE NNP 39831 221 2 . . . 39831 222 1 Pendent pendent NN 39831 222 2 drops drop NNS 39831 222 3 ( ( -LRB- 39831 222 4 magnified magnify VBN 39831 222 5 2 2 CD 39831 222 6 - - SYM 39831 222 7 1/4 1/4 CD 39831 222 8 times time NNS 39831 222 9 ) ) -RRB- 39831 222 10 . . . 39831 222 11 ] ] -RRB- 39831 223 1 If if IN 39831 223 2 we -PRON- PRP 39831 223 3 ask ask VBP 39831 223 4 ourselves -PRON- PRP 39831 223 5 how how WRB 39831 223 6 it -PRON- PRP 39831 223 7 is be VBZ 39831 223 8 that that IN 39831 223 9 the the DT 39831 223 10 liquid liquid NN 39831 223 11 in in IN 39831 223 12 the the DT 39831 223 13 interior interior NN 39831 223 14 of of IN 39831 223 15 one one CD 39831 223 16 of of IN 39831 223 17 these these DT 39831 223 18 drops drop NNS 39831 223 19 does do VBZ 39831 223 20 not not RB 39831 223 21 flow flow VB 39831 223 22 out out RP 39831 223 23 , , , 39831 223 24 pressed press VBN 39831 223 25 as as IN 39831 223 26 it -PRON- PRP 39831 223 27 is be VBZ 39831 223 28 by by IN 39831 223 29 the the DT 39831 223 30 liquid liquid NN 39831 223 31 above above IN 39831 223 32 it -PRON- PRP 39831 223 33 , , , 39831 223 34 the the DT 39831 223 35 answer answer NN 39831 223 36 is be VBZ 39831 223 37 that that IN 39831 223 38 everywhere everywhere RB 39831 223 39 the the DT 39831 223 40 stretched stretched JJ 39831 223 41 skin skin NN 39831 223 42 presses press NNS 39831 223 43 it -PRON- PRP 39831 223 44 back back RB 39831 223 45 . . . 39831 224 1 A a DT 39831 224 2 soap soap NN 39831 224 3 - - HYPH 39831 224 4 bubble bubble NN 39831 224 5 too too RB 39831 224 6 presses press VBZ 39831 224 7 on on IN 39831 224 8 the the DT 39831 224 9 air air NN 39831 224 10 in in IN 39831 224 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 224 12 interior interior NN 39831 224 13 , , , 39831 224 14 both both CC 39831 224 15 the the DT 39831 224 16 outside outside JJ 39831 224 17 layers layer NNS 39831 224 18 and and CC 39831 224 19 the the DT 39831 224 20 inside inside JJ 39831 224 21 layers layer NNS 39831 224 22 of of IN 39831 224 23 the the DT 39831 224 24 thin thin JJ 39831 224 25 film film NN 39831 224 26 being be VBG 39831 224 27 curved curve VBN 39831 224 28 over over IN 39831 224 29 the the DT 39831 224 30 interior interior JJ 39831 224 31 space space NN 39831 224 32 . . . 39831 225 1 This this DT 39831 225 2 is be VBZ 39831 225 3 the the DT 39831 225 4 reason reason NN 39831 225 5 that that IN 39831 225 6 a a DT 39831 225 7 soap soap NN 39831 225 8 - - HYPH 39831 225 9 bubble bubble NN 39831 225 10 blown blow VBN 39831 225 11 on on IN 39831 225 12 the the DT 39831 225 13 bowl bowl NN 39831 225 14 of of IN 39831 225 15 a a DT 39831 225 16 pipe pipe NN 39831 225 17 will will MD 39831 225 18 slowly slowly RB 39831 225 19 collapse collapse VB 39831 225 20 again again RB 39831 225 21 if if IN 39831 225 22 we -PRON- PRP 39831 225 23 remove remove VBP 39831 225 24 the the DT 39831 225 25 stem stem NN 39831 225 26 of of IN 39831 225 27 the the DT 39831 225 28 pipe pipe NN 39831 225 29 from from IN 39831 225 30 our -PRON- PRP$ 39831 225 31 mouth mouth NN 39831 225 32 . . . 39831 226 1 The the DT 39831 226 2 bubble bubble NN 39831 226 3 drives drive VBZ 39831 226 4 the the DT 39831 226 5 interior interior JJ 39831 226 6 air air NN 39831 226 7 back back RB 39831 226 8 through through IN 39831 226 9 the the DT 39831 226 10 pipe pipe NN 39831 226 11 . . . 39831 227 1 And and CC 39831 227 2 it -PRON- PRP 39831 227 3 is be VBZ 39831 227 4 easy easy JJ 39831 227 5 to to TO 39831 227 6 show show VB 39831 227 7 that that IN 39831 227 8 if if IN 39831 227 9 two two CD 39831 227 10 soap soap NN 39831 227 11 - - HYPH 39831 227 12 bubbles bubble NNS 39831 227 13 be be VB 39831 227 14 blown blow VBN 39831 227 15 on on IN 39831 227 16 the the DT 39831 227 17 ends end NNS 39831 227 18 of of IN 39831 227 19 two two CD 39831 227 20 tubes tube NNS 39831 227 21 which which WDT 39831 227 22 can can MD 39831 227 23 be be VB 39831 227 24 connected connect VBN 39831 227 25 together together RB 39831 227 26 by by IN 39831 227 27 opening open VBG 39831 227 28 a a DT 39831 227 29 tap tap NN 39831 227 30 between between IN 39831 227 31 them -PRON- PRP 39831 227 32 , , , 39831 227 33 then then RB 39831 227 34 the the DT 39831 227 35 smaller small JJR 39831 227 36 will will MD 39831 227 37 collapse collapse VB 39831 227 38 and and CC 39831 227 39 blow blow VB 39831 227 40 out out RP 39831 227 41 the the DT 39831 227 42 larger large JJR 39831 227 43 . . . 39831 228 1 The the DT 39831 228 2 reason reason NN 39831 228 3 of of IN 39831 228 4 this this DT 39831 228 5 is be VBZ 39831 228 6 that that IN 39831 228 7 in in IN 39831 228 8 the the DT 39831 228 9 bubble bubble NN 39831 228 10 of of IN 39831 228 11 smaller small JJR 39831 228 12 radius radius NN 39831 228 13 the the DT 39831 228 14 surface surface NN 39831 228 15 layers layer NNS 39831 228 16 are be VBP 39831 228 17 more more RBR 39831 228 18 sharply sharply RB 39831 228 19 curved curve VBN 39831 228 20 , , , 39831 228 21 and and CC 39831 228 22 therefore therefore RB 39831 228 23 exert exert VBP 39831 228 24 a a DT 39831 228 25 greater great JJR 39831 228 26 pressure pressure NN 39831 228 27 on on IN 39831 228 28 the the DT 39831 228 29 air air NN 39831 228 30 within within IN 39831 228 31 . . . 39831 229 1 Thus thus RB 39831 229 2 if if IN 39831 229 3 a a DT 39831 229 4 strap strap NN 39831 229 5 be be VB 39831 229 6 pulled pull VBN 39831 229 7 at at IN 39831 229 8 each each DT 39831 229 9 end end NN 39831 229 10 with with IN 39831 229 11 a a DT 39831 229 12 total total JJ 39831 229 13 tension tension NN 39831 229 14 T t NN 39831 229 15 and and CC 39831 229 16 bent bend VBD 39831 229 17 over over IN 39831 229 18 a a DT 39831 229 19 solid solid JJ 39831 229 20 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 229 21 of of IN 39831 229 22 small small JJ 39831 229 23 radius radius NN 39831 229 24 , , , 39831 229 25 as as IN 39831 229 26 in in IN 39831 229 27 Fig Fig NNP 39831 229 28 . . . 39831 230 1 6 6 CD 39831 230 2 , , , 39831 230 3 it -PRON- PRP 39831 230 4 is be VBZ 39831 230 5 easy easy JJ 39831 230 6 to to TO 39831 230 7 see see VB 39831 230 8 that that IN 39831 230 9 the the DT 39831 230 10 pressure pressure NN 39831 230 11 on on IN 39831 230 12 the the DT 39831 230 13 surface surface NN 39831 230 14 of of IN 39831 230 15 the the DT 39831 230 16 part part NN 39831 230 17 of of IN 39831 230 18 the the DT 39831 230 19 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 230 20 touched touch VBN 39831 230 21 by by IN 39831 230 22 the the DT 39831 230 23 strap strap NN 39831 230 24 is be VBZ 39831 230 25 less less JJR 39831 230 26 than than IN 39831 230 27 if if IN 39831 230 28 the the DT 39831 230 29 strap strap NN 39831 230 30 be be VB 39831 230 31 bent bent JJ 39831 230 32 over over IN 39831 230 33 an an DT 39831 230 34 equal equal JJ 39831 230 35 area area NN 39831 230 36 on on IN 39831 230 37 a a DT 39831 230 38 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 230 39 of of IN 39831 230 40 larger large JJR 39831 230 41 radius radius NN 39831 230 42 ( ( -LRB- 39831 230 43 Fig fig NN 39831 230 44 . . . 39831 231 1 7 7 LS 39831 231 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 231 3 . . . 39831 232 1 The the DT 39831 232 2 tension tension NN 39831 232 3 of of IN 39831 232 4 the the DT 39831 232 5 surface surface NN 39831 232 6 layers layer NNS 39831 232 7 of of IN 39831 232 8 a a DT 39831 232 9 liquid liquid NN 39831 232 10 causes cause VBZ 39831 232 11 them -PRON- PRP 39831 232 12 to to TO 39831 232 13 act act VB 39831 232 14 on on IN 39831 232 15 the the DT 39831 232 16 liquid liquid NN 39831 232 17 within within IN 39831 232 18 , , , 39831 232 19 exactly exactly RB 39831 232 20 as as IN 39831 232 21 does do VBZ 39831 232 22 the the DT 39831 232 23 stretched stretch VBN 39831 232 24 strap strap NN 39831 232 25 on on IN 39831 232 26 the the DT 39831 232 27 solid solid JJ 39831 232 28 in in IN 39831 232 29 these these DT 39831 232 30 figures figure NNS 39831 232 31 . . . 39831 233 1 If if IN 39831 233 2 at at IN 39831 233 3 any any DT 39831 233 4 place place NN 39831 233 5 the the DT 39831 233 6 liquid liquid JJ 39831 233 7 presents present NNS 39831 233 8 , , , 39831 233 9 as as IN 39831 233 10 it -PRON- PRP 39831 233 11 generally generally RB 39831 233 12 does do VBZ 39831 233 13 , , , 39831 233 14 not not RB 39831 233 15 a a DT 39831 233 16 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 39831 233 17 surface surface NN 39831 233 18 , , , 39831 233 19 but but CC 39831 233 20 one one CD 39831 233 21 with with IN 39831 233 22 curvature curvature NN 39831 233 23 in in IN 39831 233 24 two two CD 39831 233 25 directions direction NNS 39831 233 26 , , , 39831 233 27 then then RB 39831 233 28 the the DT 39831 233 29 pressure pressure NN 39831 233 30 corresponds correspond VBZ 39831 233 31 to to IN 39831 233 32 what what WP 39831 233 33 would would MD 39831 233 34 be be VB 39831 233 35 produced produce VBN 39831 233 36 by by IN 39831 233 37 two two CD 39831 233 38 straps strap NNS 39831 233 39 crossing cross VBG 39831 233 40 at at IN 39831 233 41 right right JJ 39831 233 42 angles angle NNS 39831 233 43 , , , 39831 233 44 laid lay VBD 39831 233 45 one one CD 39831 233 46 over over IN 39831 233 47 the the DT 39831 233 48 other other JJ 39831 233 49 , , , 39831 233 50 each each DT 39831 233 51 with with IN 39831 233 52 the the DT 39831 233 53 curvature curvature NN 39831 233 54 of of IN 39831 233 55 the the DT 39831 233 56 surface surface NN 39831 233 57 in in IN 39831 233 58 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 233 59 direction direction NN 39831 233 60 ( ( -LRB- 39831 233 61 Fig fig NN 39831 233 62 . . . 39831 234 1 8) 8) CD 39831 234 2 . . . 39831 235 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 235 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 235 3 : : : 39831 235 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 235 5 . . . 39831 236 1 6 6 LS 39831 236 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 236 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 236 4 Illustration illustration NN 39831 236 5 : : : 39831 236 6 FIG FIG NNP 39831 236 7 . . . 39831 237 1 7 7 LS 39831 237 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 237 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 237 4 Illustration illustration NN 39831 237 5 : : : 39831 237 6 FIG FIG NNP 39831 237 7 . . . 39831 238 1 8 8 LS 39831 238 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 238 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 238 4 Illustration illustration NN 39831 238 5 : : : 39831 238 6 FIG FIG NNP 39831 238 7 . . . 39831 239 1 9 9 LS 39831 239 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 239 3 We -PRON- PRP 39831 239 4 can can MD 39831 239 5 now now RB 39831 239 6 understand understand VB 39831 239 7 why why WRB 39831 239 8 the the DT 39831 239 9 drop drop NN 39831 239 10 that that WDT 39831 239 11 has have VBZ 39831 239 12 been be VBN 39831 239 13 lying lie VBG 39831 239 14 on on IN 39831 239 15 the the DT 39831 239 16 watch watch NN 39831 239 17 - - HYPH 39831 239 18 glass glass NN 39831 239 19 should should MD 39831 239 20 oscillate oscillate VB 39831 239 21 in in IN 39831 239 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 239 23 descent descent NN 39831 239 24 . . . 39831 240 1 The the DT 39831 240 2 sharp sharp JJ 39831 240 3 curvature curvature NN 39831 240 4 of of IN 39831 240 5 the the DT 39831 240 6 edge edge NN 39831 240 7 AA AA NNP 39831 240 8 of of IN 39831 240 9 the the DT 39831 240 10 drop drop NN 39831 240 11 ( ( -LRB- 39831 240 12 see see VB 39831 240 13 Fig Fig NNP 39831 240 14 . . . 39831 241 1 9 9 LS 39831 241 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 241 3 tells tell VBZ 39831 241 4 us -PRON- PRP 39831 241 5 that that IN 39831 241 6 the the DT 39831 241 7 liquid liquid NN 39831 241 8 there there EX 39831 241 9 is be VBZ 39831 241 10 pushed push VBN 39831 241 11 back back RB 39831 241 12 by by IN 39831 241 13 the the DT 39831 241 14 pressure pressure NN 39831 241 15 of of IN 39831 241 16 the the DT 39831 241 17 stretched stretch VBN 39831 241 18 surface surface NN 39831 241 19 layers layer NNS 39831 241 20 , , , 39831 241 21 and and CC 39831 241 22 when when WRB 39831 241 23 the the DT 39831 241 24 supporting support VBG 39831 241 25 glass glass NN 39831 241 26 is be VBZ 39831 241 27 removed remove VBN 39831 241 28 the the DT 39831 241 29 sides side NNS 39831 241 30 of of IN 39831 241 31 the the DT 39831 241 32 drop drop NN 39831 241 33 move move NN 39831 241 34 inwards inwards RB 39831 241 35 , , , 39831 241 36 driving drive VBG 39831 241 37 the the DT 39831 241 38 liquid liquid NN 39831 241 39 into into IN 39831 241 40 the the DT 39831 241 41 lower low JJR 39831 241 42 part part NN 39831 241 43 , , , 39831 241 44 the the DT 39831 241 45 tendency tendency NN 39831 241 46 being be VBG 39831 241 47 to to TO 39831 241 48 make make VB 39831 241 49 the the DT 39831 241 50 drop drop NN 39831 241 51 spherical spherical JJ 39831 241 52 , , , 39831 241 53 and and CC 39831 241 54 so so RB 39831 241 55 to to TO 39831 241 56 equalize equalize VB 39831 241 57 the the DT 39831 241 58 pressure pressure NN 39831 241 59 of of IN 39831 241 60 the the DT 39831 241 61 surface surface NN 39831 241 62 at at IN 39831 241 63 all all DT 39831 241 64 points point NNS 39831 241 65 . . . 39831 242 1 But but CC 39831 242 2 in in IN 39831 242 3 the the DT 39831 242 4 process process NN 39831 242 5 the the DT 39831 242 6 liquid liquid NN 39831 242 7 overshoots overshoot VBZ 39831 242 8 the the DT 39831 242 9 mark mark NN 39831 242 10 , , , 39831 242 11 and and CC 39831 242 12 the the DT 39831 242 13 drop drop NN 39831 242 14 becomes become VBZ 39831 242 15 elongated elongate VBN 39831 242 16 vertically vertically RB 39831 242 17 and and CC 39831 242 18 flattened flatten VBD 39831 242 19 at at IN 39831 242 20 the the DT 39831 242 21 sides side NNS 39831 242 22 . . . 39831 243 1 This this DT 39831 243 2 causes cause VBZ 39831 243 3 the the DT 39831 243 4 curvature curvature NN 39831 243 5 at at IN 39831 243 6 top top NN 39831 243 7 and and CC 39831 243 8 bottom bottom NN 39831 243 9 to to TO 39831 243 10 be be VB 39831 243 11 sharper sharp JJR 39831 243 12 than than IN 39831 243 13 at at IN 39831 243 14 the the DT 39831 243 15 sides side NNS 39831 243 16 , , , 39831 243 17 and and CC 39831 243 18 on on IN 39831 243 19 this this DT 39831 243 20 account account NN 39831 243 21 the the DT 39831 243 22 back back NN 39831 243 23 - - HYPH 39831 243 24 pressure pressure NN 39831 243 25 of of IN 39831 243 26 the the DT 39831 243 27 ends end NNS 39831 243 28 soon soon RB 39831 243 29 checks check VBZ 39831 243 30 the the DT 39831 243 31 elongation elongation NN 39831 243 32 and and CC 39831 243 33 finally finally RB 39831 243 34 reverses reverse VBZ 39831 243 35 the the DT 39831 243 36 flow flow NN 39831 243 37 of of IN 39831 243 38 liquid liquid NN 39831 243 39 , , , 39831 243 40 and and CC 39831 243 41 the the DT 39831 243 42 drop drop NN 39831 243 43 flattens flatten VBZ 39831 243 44 again again RB 39831 243 45 . . . 39831 244 1 As as IN 39831 244 2 an an DT 39831 244 3 example example NN 39831 244 4 of of IN 39831 244 5 the the DT 39831 244 6 way way NN 39831 244 7 in in IN 39831 244 8 which which WDT 39831 244 9 a a DT 39831 244 10 _ _ NNP 39831 244 11 concavity concavity NN 39831 244 12 _ _ NNP 39831 244 13 of of IN 39831 244 14 the the DT 39831 244 15 surface surface NN 39831 244 16 is be VBZ 39831 244 17 pulled pull VBN 39831 244 18 out out RP 39831 244 19 by by IN 39831 244 20 the the DT 39831 244 21 surface surface NN 39831 244 22 - - HYPH 39831 244 23 tension tension NN 39831 244 24 may may MD 39831 244 25 be be VB 39831 244 26 cited cite VBN 39831 244 27 the the DT 39831 244 28 dimples dimple NNS 39831 244 29 made make VBN 39831 244 30 by by IN 39831 244 31 the the DT 39831 244 32 weight weight NN 39831 244 33 of of IN 39831 244 34 an an DT 39831 244 35 aquatic aquatic JJ 39831 244 36 insect insect NN 39831 244 37 , , , 39831 244 38 where where WRB 39831 244 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 244 40 feet foot NNS 39831 244 41 rest rest VBP 39831 244 42 on on IN 39831 244 43 the the DT 39831 244 44 surface surface NN 39831 244 45 without without IN 39831 244 46 penetrating penetrate VBG 39831 244 47 it -PRON- PRP 39831 244 48 . . . 39831 245 1 This this DT 39831 245 2 same same JJ 39831 245 3 surface surface NN 39831 245 4 - - HYPH 39831 245 5 tension tension NN 39831 245 6 checks check NNS 39831 245 7 the the DT 39831 245 8 rise rise NN 39831 245 9 of of IN 39831 245 10 the the DT 39831 245 11 crater crater NN 39831 245 12 , , , 39831 245 13 and and CC 39831 245 14 would would MD 39831 245 15 cause cause VB 39831 245 16 it -PRON- PRP 39831 245 17 to to TO 39831 245 18 subside subside VB 39831 245 19 again again RB 39831 245 20 even even RB 39831 245 21 without without IN 39831 245 22 the the DT 39831 245 23 action action NN 39831 245 24 of of IN 39831 245 25 gravity gravity NN 39831 245 26 . . . 39831 246 1 Thus thus RB 39831 246 2 the the DT 39831 246 3 pressures pressure NNS 39831 246 4 of of IN 39831 246 5 the the DT 39831 246 6 sharply sharply RB 39831 246 7 curved curved JJ 39831 246 8 crater crater NN 39831 246 9 - - HYPH 39831 246 10 edge edge NN 39831 246 11 on on IN 39831 246 12 the the DT 39831 246 13 liquid liquid NN 39831 246 14 between between IN 39831 246 15 the the DT 39831 246 16 crater crater NN 39831 246 17 walls wall NNS 39831 246 18 are be VBP 39831 246 19 indicated indicate VBN 39831 246 20 by by IN 39831 246 21 the the DT 39831 246 22 dotted dotted JJ 39831 246 23 arrows arrow NNS 39831 246 24 in in IN 39831 246 25 Fig Fig NNP 39831 246 26 . . . 39831 247 1 10 10 CD 39831 247 2 , , , 39831 247 3 and and CC 39831 247 4 arise arise VB 39831 247 5 from from IN 39831 247 6 the the DT 39831 247 7 surface surface NN 39831 247 8 - - HYPH 39831 247 9 tension tension NN 39831 247 10 indicated indicate VBN 39831 247 11 by by IN 39831 247 12 the the DT 39831 247 13 full full JJ 39831 247 14 arrows arrow NNS 39831 247 15 . . . 39831 248 1 During during IN 39831 248 2 the the DT 39831 248 3 early early JJ 39831 248 4 part part NN 39831 248 5 of of IN 39831 248 6 the the DT 39831 248 7 splash splash NN 39831 248 8 the the DT 39831 248 9 surface surface NN 39831 248 10 - - HYPH 39831 248 11 tension tension NN 39831 248 12 is be VBZ 39831 248 13 more more RBR 39831 248 14 important important JJ 39831 248 15 than than IN 39831 248 16 gravity gravity NN 39831 248 17 in in IN 39831 248 18 checking check VBG 39831 248 19 the the DT 39831 248 20 rise rise NN 39831 248 21 of of IN 39831 248 22 the the DT 39831 248 23 walls wall NNS 39831 248 24 . . . 39831 249 1 For for IN 39831 249 2 , , , 39831 249 3 as as IN 39831 249 4 the the DT 39831 249 5 numbers number NNS 39831 249 6 show show VBP 39831 249 7 , , , 39831 249 8 the the DT 39831 249 9 crater crater NN 39831 249 10 of of IN 39831 249 11 Series Series NNP 39831 249 12 I -PRON- PRP 39831 249 13 is be VBZ 39831 249 14 already already RB 39831 249 15 at at IN 39831 249 16 about about IN 39831 249 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 249 18 maximum maximum JJ 39831 249 19 height height NN 39831 249 20 in in IN 39831 249 21 No no UH 39831 249 22 . . . 39831 250 1 4 4 LS 39831 250 2 , , , 39831 250 3 i.e. i.e. FW 39831 251 1 about about RB 39831 251 2 seven seven CD 39831 251 3 - - HYPH 39831 251 4 thousandths thousandth NNS 39831 251 5 of of IN 39831 251 6 a a DT 39831 251 7 second second JJ 39831 251 8 after after IN 39831 251 9 first first JJ 39831 251 10 contact contact NN 39831 251 11 . . . 39831 252 1 In in IN 39831 252 2 this this DT 39831 252 3 time time NN 39831 252 4 the the DT 39831 252 5 fall fall NN 39831 252 6 due due IN 39831 252 7 to to IN 39831 252 8 gravity gravity NN 39831 252 9 would would MD 39831 252 10 be be VB 39831 252 11 only only RB 39831 252 12 about about IN 39831 252 13 1/100 1/100 CD 39831 252 14 of of IN 39831 252 15 an an DT 39831 252 16 inch inch NN 39831 252 17 . . . 39831 253 1 Thus thus RB 39831 253 2 if if IN 39831 253 3 gravity gravity NN 39831 253 4 had have VBD 39831 253 5 not not RB 39831 253 6 acted act VBN 39831 253 7 the the DT 39831 253 8 crater crater NN 39831 253 9 would would MD 39831 253 10 only only RB 39831 253 11 have have VB 39831 253 12 risen rise VBN 39831 253 13 about about IN 39831 253 14 1/100 1/100 CD 39831 253 15 of of IN 39831 253 16 an an DT 39831 253 17 inch inch NN 39831 253 18 higher higher RBR 39831 253 19 . . . 39831 254 1 The the DT 39831 254 2 same same JJ 39831 254 3 reasoning reasoning NN 39831 254 4 applies apply VBZ 39831 254 5 to to IN 39831 254 6 the the DT 39831 254 7 rise rise NN 39831 254 8 of of IN 39831 254 9 the the DT 39831 254 10 central central JJ 39831 254 11 column column NN 39831 254 12 , , , 39831 254 13 but but CC 39831 254 14 here here RB 39831 254 15 the the DT 39831 254 16 curvature curvature NN 39831 254 17 at at IN 39831 254 18 the the DT 39831 254 19 summit summit NN 39831 254 20 is be VBZ 39831 254 21 much much RB 39831 254 22 less less RBR 39831 254 23 sharp sharp JJ 39831 254 24 . . . 39831 255 1 The the DT 39831 255 2 numbers number NNS 39831 255 3 show show VBP 39831 255 4 that that IN 39831 255 5 the the DT 39831 255 6 column column NN 39831 255 7 reaches reach VBZ 39831 255 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 255 9 maximum maximum JJ 39831 255 10 height height NN 39831 255 11 in in IN 39831 255 12 about about IN 39831 255 13 5/100 5/100 CD 39831 255 14 of of IN 39831 255 15 a a DT 39831 255 16 second second JJ 39831 255 17 after after IN 39831 255 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 255 19 start start NN 39831 255 20 in in IN 39831 255 21 No no NN 39831 255 22 . . . 39831 256 1 10 10 CD 39831 256 2 , , , 39831 256 3 and and CC 39831 256 4 in in IN 39831 256 5 this this DT 39831 256 6 time time NN 39831 256 7 the the DT 39831 256 8 fall fall NN 39831 256 9 due due IN 39831 256 10 to to IN 39831 256 11 gravity gravity NN 39831 256 12 is be VBZ 39831 256 13 about about RB 39831 256 14 half half PDT 39831 256 15 an an DT 39831 256 16 inch inch NN 39831 256 17 , , , 39831 256 18 so so IN 39831 256 19 that that IN 39831 256 20 gravity gravity NN 39831 256 21 has have VBZ 39831 256 22 reduced reduce VBN 39831 256 23 the the DT 39831 256 24 height height NN 39831 256 25 by by IN 39831 256 26 this this DT 39831 256 27 amount amount NN 39831 256 28 . . . 39831 257 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 257 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 257 3 : : : 39831 257 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 257 5 . . . 39831 258 1 10 10 LS 39831 258 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 258 3 The the DT 39831 258 4 second second JJ 39831 258 5 principle principle NN 39831 258 6 which which WDT 39831 258 7 I -PRON- PRP 39831 258 8 will will MD 39831 258 9 now now RB 39831 258 10 mention mention VB 39831 258 11 enables enable VBZ 39831 258 12 us -PRON- PRP 39831 258 13 to to TO 39831 258 14 explain explain VB 39831 258 15 the the DT 39831 258 16 occurrence occurrence NN 39831 258 17 of of IN 39831 258 18 the the DT 39831 258 19 jets jet NNS 39831 258 20 and and CC 39831 258 21 rays ray NNS 39831 258 22 at at IN 39831 258 23 the the DT 39831 258 24 edge edge NN 39831 258 25 of of IN 39831 258 26 the the DT 39831 258 27 crater crater NN 39831 258 28 and and CC 39831 258 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 39831 258 30 splitting splitting NN 39831 258 31 into into IN 39831 258 32 drops drop NNS 39831 258 33 . . . 39831 259 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 259 2 was be VBD 39831 259 3 shown show VBN 39831 259 4 in in IN 39831 259 5 1873 1873 CD 39831 259 6 by by IN 39831 259 7 the the DT 39831 259 8 blind blind JJ 39831 259 9 Belgian belgian JJ 39831 259 10 philosopher philosopher NN 39831 259 11 , , , 39831 259 12 Plateau,[D Plateau,[D , 39831 259 13 ] ] -RRB- 39831 259 14 that that IN 39831 259 15 a a DT 39831 259 16 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 259 17 of of IN 39831 259 18 liquid liquid NN 39831 259 19 is be VBZ 39831 259 20 not not RB 39831 259 21 a a DT 39831 259 22 figure figure NN 39831 259 23 of of IN 39831 259 24 stable stable JJ 39831 259 25 equilibrium equilibrium NN 39831 259 26 if if IN 39831 259 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 259 28 length length NN 39831 259 29 exceeds exceed VBZ 39831 259 30 about about RB 39831 259 31 3 3 CD 39831 259 32 - - SYM 39831 259 33 1/7 1/7 CD 39831 259 34 times time NNS 39831 259 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 259 36 diameter diameter NN 39831 259 37 . . . 39831 260 1 Thus thus RB 39831 260 2 a a DT 39831 260 3 long long JJ 39831 260 4 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 39831 260 5 rod rod NN 39831 260 6 of of IN 39831 260 7 liquid liquid NN 39831 260 8 , , , 39831 260 9 such such JJ 39831 260 10 as as IN 39831 260 11 Fig Fig NNP 39831 260 12 . . . 39831 261 1 11 11 CD 39831 261 2 , , , 39831 261 3 if if IN 39831 261 4 it -PRON- PRP 39831 261 5 could could MD 39831 261 6 be be VB 39831 261 7 obtained obtain VBN 39831 261 8 and and CC 39831 261 9 left leave VBN 39831 261 10 for for IN 39831 261 11 a a DT 39831 261 12 moment moment NN 39831 261 13 to to IN 39831 261 14 itself -PRON- PRP 39831 261 15 , , , 39831 261 16 would would MD 39831 261 17 at at IN 39831 261 18 once once RB 39831 261 19 topple topple NN 39831 261 20 into into IN 39831 261 21 a a DT 39831 261 22 row row NN 39831 261 23 of of IN 39831 261 24 sensibly sensibly RB 39831 261 25 equal equal JJ 39831 261 26 , , , 39831 261 27 equidistant equidistant JJ 39831 261 28 drops drop NNS 39831 261 29 , , , 39831 261 30 the the DT 39831 261 31 number number NN 39831 261 32 of of IN 39831 261 33 which which WDT 39831 261 34 is be VBZ 39831 261 35 expressed express VBN 39831 261 36 by by IN 39831 261 37 a a DT 39831 261 38 very very RB 39831 261 39 simple simple JJ 39831 261 40 law law NN 39831 261 41 , , , 39831 261 42 viz viz NN 39831 261 43 . . . 39831 262 1 that that IN 39831 262 2 for for IN 39831 262 3 every every DT 39831 262 4 3 3 CD 39831 262 5 - - SYM 39831 262 6 1/7 1/7 CD 39831 262 7 times time NNS 39831 262 8 the the DT 39831 262 9 diameter diameter NN 39831 262 10 there there EX 39831 262 11 is be VBZ 39831 262 12 a a DT 39831 262 13 drop drop NN 39831 262 14 , , , 39831 262 15 or or CC 39831 262 16 that that IN 39831 262 17 the the DT 39831 262 18 distance distance NN 39831 262 19 between between IN 39831 262 20 the the DT 39831 262 21 centres centre NNS 39831 262 22 of of IN 39831 262 23 the the DT 39831 262 24 drops drop NNS 39831 262 25 is be VBZ 39831 262 26 equal equal JJ 39831 262 27 to to IN 39831 262 28 the the DT 39831 262 29 circumference circumference NN 39831 262 30 of of IN 39831 262 31 the the DT 39831 262 32 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 262 33 . . . 39831 263 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 263 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 263 3 : : : 39831 263 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 263 5 . . . 39831 264 1 11 11 LS 39831 264 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 264 3 The the DT 39831 264 4 cause cause NN 39831 264 5 of of IN 39831 264 6 this this DT 39831 264 7 instability instability NN 39831 264 8 is be VBZ 39831 264 9 the the DT 39831 264 10 action action NN 39831 264 11 of of IN 39831 264 12 the the DT 39831 264 13 same same JJ 39831 264 14 skin skin NN 39831 264 15 - - HYPH 39831 264 16 tension tension NN 39831 264 17 that that WDT 39831 264 18 we -PRON- PRP 39831 264 19 have have VBP 39831 264 20 already already RB 39831 264 21 spoken speak VBN 39831 264 22 of of IN 39831 264 23 . . . 39831 265 1 Calculation calculation NN 39831 265 2 shows show VBZ 39831 265 3 , , , 39831 265 4 and and CC 39831 265 5 Plateau Plateau NNP 39831 265 6 was be VBD 39831 265 7 able able JJ 39831 265 8 to to TO 39831 265 9 confirm confirm VB 39831 265 10 the the DT 39831 265 11 calculation calculation NN 39831 265 12 by by IN 39831 265 13 experiment experiment NN 39831 265 14 , , , 39831 265 15 that that IN 39831 265 16 if if IN 39831 265 17 through through IN 39831 265 18 chance chance NN 39831 265 19 agitations agitation NNS 39831 265 20 lobes lobe NNS 39831 265 21 are be VBP 39831 265 22 formed form VBN 39831 265 23 at at IN 39831 265 24 a a DT 39831 265 25 nearer near JJR 39831 265 26 distance distance NN 39831 265 27 apart apart RB 39831 265 28 than than IN 39831 265 29 3 3 CD 39831 265 30 - - SYM 39831 265 31 1/7 1/7 CD 39831 265 32 times time NNS 39831 265 33 the the DT 39831 265 34 radius radius NN 39831 265 35 , , , 39831 265 36 with with IN 39831 265 37 hollows hollow NNS 39831 265 38 between between IN 39831 265 39 as as IN 39831 265 40 in in IN 39831 265 41 the the DT 39831 265 42 accompanying accompanying JJ 39831 265 43 Fig fig NN 39831 265 44 . . . 39831 266 1 12 12 CD 39831 266 2 , , , 39831 266 3 then then RB 39831 266 4 the the DT 39831 266 5 curvatures curvature NNS 39831 266 6 will will MD 39831 266 7 be be VB 39831 266 8 such such JJ 39831 266 9 as as IN 39831 266 10 to to TO 39831 266 11 make make VB 39831 266 12 the the DT 39831 266 13 skin skin NN 39831 266 14 - - HYPH 39831 266 15 tension tension NN 39831 266 16 push push VB 39831 266 17 the the DT 39831 266 18 protuberances protuberance NNS 39831 266 19 back back RB 39831 266 20 and and CC 39831 266 21 pull pull VB 39831 266 22 the the DT 39831 266 23 hollows hollow NNS 39831 266 24 out out RP 39831 266 25 . . . 39831 267 1 But but CC 39831 267 2 if if IN 39831 267 3 the the DT 39831 267 4 protuberances protuberance NNS 39831 267 5 occur occur VBP 39831 267 6 at at IN 39831 267 7 any any DT 39831 267 8 greater great JJR 39831 267 9 distances distance NNS 39831 267 10 apart apart RB 39831 267 11 than than IN 39831 267 12 the the DT 39831 267 13 length length NN 39831 267 14 of of IN 39831 267 15 the the DT 39831 267 16 perimeter perimeter NN 39831 267 17 , , , 39831 267 18 then then RB 39831 267 19 the the DT 39831 267 20 sharper sharp JJR 39831 267 21 curvature curvature NN 39831 267 22 of of IN 39831 267 23 the the DT 39831 267 24 narrower narrow JJR 39831 267 25 parts part NNS 39831 267 26 will will MD 39831 267 27 drive drive VB 39831 267 28 the the DT 39831 267 29 liquid liquid NN 39831 267 30 there there RB 39831 267 31 into into IN 39831 267 32 the the DT 39831 267 33 parts part NNS 39831 267 34 already already RB 39831 267 35 wider wider RBR 39831 267 36 , , , 39831 267 37 thus thus RB 39831 267 38 any any DT 39831 267 39 such such PDT 39831 267 40 an an DT 39831 267 41 initial initial JJ 39831 267 42 accidental accidental JJ 39831 267 43 inequality inequality NN 39831 267 44 of of IN 39831 267 45 diameter diameter NN 39831 267 46 will will MD 39831 267 47 go go VB 39831 267 48 on on RP 39831 267 49 increasing increase VBG 39831 267 50 , , , 39831 267 51 or or CC 39831 267 52 the the DT 39831 267 53 whole whole NN 39831 267 54 will will MD 39831 267 55 topple topple VB 39831 267 56 into into IN 39831 267 57 drops drop NNS 39831 267 58 . . . 39831 268 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 268 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 268 3 : : : 39831 268 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 268 5 . . . 39831 269 1 12 12 LS 39831 269 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 269 3 At at IN 39831 269 4 the the DT 39831 269 5 last last JJ 39831 269 6 moment moment NN 39831 269 7 the the DT 39831 269 8 drops drop NNS 39831 269 9 are be VBP 39831 269 10 joined join VBN 39831 269 11 by by IN 39831 269 12 narrow narrow JJ 39831 269 13 necks neck NNS 39831 269 14 of of IN 39831 269 15 liquid liquid NN 39831 269 16 ( ( -LRB- 39831 269 17 Fig fig NN 39831 269 18 . . . 39831 270 1 13 13 CD 39831 270 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 270 3 , , , 39831 270 4 which which WDT 39831 270 5 themselves -PRON- PRP 39831 270 6 split split VBD 39831 270 7 up up RP 39831 270 8 into into IN 39831 270 9 secondary secondary JJ 39831 270 10 droplets droplet NNS 39831 270 11 ( ( -LRB- 39831 270 12 Fig fig NN 39831 270 13 . . . 39831 271 1 14 14 CD 39831 271 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 271 3 . . . 39831 272 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 272 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 272 3 : : : 39831 272 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 272 5 . . . 39831 273 1 13 13 CD 39831 273 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 273 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 273 4 Illustration illustration NN 39831 273 5 : : : 39831 273 6 FIG FIG NNP 39831 273 7 . . . 39831 274 1 14 14 CD 39831 274 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 274 3 What what WP 39831 274 4 we -PRON- PRP 39831 274 5 have have VBP 39831 274 6 said say VBD 39831 274 7 of of IN 39831 274 8 a a DT 39831 274 9 straight straight JJ 39831 274 10 liquid liquid JJ 39831 274 11 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 274 12 applies apply VBZ 39831 274 13 also also RB 39831 274 14 to to IN 39831 274 15 an an DT 39831 274 16 annulus annulus NN 39831 274 17 of of IN 39831 274 18 liquid liquid NN 39831 274 19 made make VBN 39831 274 20 by by IN 39831 274 21 bending bend VBG 39831 274 22 such such PDT 39831 274 23 a a DT 39831 274 24 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 274 25 into into IN 39831 274 26 a a DT 39831 274 27 ring ring NN 39831 274 28 . . . 39831 275 1 This this DT 39831 275 2 also also RB 39831 275 3 will will MD 39831 275 4 spontaneously spontaneously RB 39831 275 5 segment segment NN 39831 275 6 or or CC 39831 275 7 topple topple VB 39831 275 8 into into IN 39831 275 9 drops drop NNS 39831 275 10 according accord VBG 39831 275 11 to to IN 39831 275 12 the the DT 39831 275 13 same same JJ 39831 275 14 law law NN 39831 275 15 . . . 39831 276 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 276 2 E e NN 39831 276 3 ] ] -RRB- 39831 276 4 Now now RB 39831 276 5 the the DT 39831 276 6 edge edge NN 39831 276 7 of of IN 39831 276 8 the the DT 39831 276 9 crater crater NN 39831 276 10 is be VBZ 39831 276 11 practically practically RB 39831 276 12 such such PDT 39831 276 13 a a DT 39831 276 14 ring ring NN 39831 276 15 , , , 39831 276 16 and and CC 39831 276 17 it -PRON- PRP 39831 276 18 topples topple VBZ 39831 276 19 into into IN 39831 276 20 a a DT 39831 276 21 more more RBR 39831 276 22 or or CC 39831 276 23 less less RBR 39831 276 24 regular regular JJ 39831 276 25 set set NN 39831 276 26 of of IN 39831 276 27 protuberances protuberance NNS 39831 276 28 , , , 39831 276 29 the the DT 39831 276 30 liquid liquid NN 39831 276 31 being be VBG 39831 276 32 driven drive VBN 39831 276 33 from from IN 39831 276 34 the the DT 39831 276 35 parts part NNS 39831 276 36 between between IN 39831 276 37 into into IN 39831 276 38 the the DT 39831 276 39 protuberances protuberance NNS 39831 276 40 . . . 39831 277 1 Now now RB 39831 277 2 while while IN 39831 277 3 the the DT 39831 277 4 crater crater NN 39831 277 5 is be VBZ 39831 277 6 rising rise VBG 39831 277 7 the the DT 39831 277 8 liquid liquid NN 39831 277 9 is be VBZ 39831 277 10 flowing flow VBG 39831 277 11 up up RP 39831 277 12 from from IN 39831 277 13 below below RB 39831 277 14 towards towards IN 39831 277 15 the the DT 39831 277 16 rim rim NN 39831 277 17 , , , 39831 277 18 and and CC 39831 277 19 the the DT 39831 277 20 spontaneous spontaneous JJ 39831 277 21 segmentation segmentation NN 39831 277 22 of of IN 39831 277 23 the the DT 39831 277 24 rim rim NN 39831 277 25 means mean VBZ 39831 277 26 that that IN 39831 277 27 channels channel NNS 39831 277 28 of of IN 39831 277 29 easier easy JJR 39831 277 30 flow flow NN 39831 277 31 are be VBP 39831 277 32 created create VBN 39831 277 33 , , , 39831 277 34 whereby whereby WRB 39831 277 35 the the DT 39831 277 36 liquid liquid NN 39831 277 37 is be VBZ 39831 277 38 driven drive VBN 39831 277 39 into into IN 39831 277 40 the the DT 39831 277 41 protuberances protuberance NNS 39831 277 42 , , , 39831 277 43 which which WDT 39831 277 44 thus thus RB 39831 277 45 become become VBP 39831 277 46 a a DT 39831 277 47 series series NN 39831 277 48 of of IN 39831 277 49 jets jet NNS 39831 277 50 . . . 39831 278 1 These these DT 39831 278 2 are be VBP 39831 278 3 the the DT 39831 278 4 jets jet NNS 39831 278 5 or or CC 39831 278 6 arms arm NNS 39831 278 7 which which WDT 39831 278 8 we -PRON- PRP 39831 278 9 see see VBP 39831 278 10 at at IN 39831 278 11 the the DT 39831 278 12 edge edge NN 39831 278 13 of of IN 39831 278 14 the the DT 39831 278 15 crater crater NN 39831 278 16 . . . 39831 279 1 Examination examination NN 39831 279 2 with with IN 39831 279 3 a a DT 39831 279 4 lens lens NN 39831 279 5 of of IN 39831 279 6 some some DT 39831 279 7 of of IN 39831 279 8 the the DT 39831 279 9 craters crater NNS 39831 279 10 will will MD 39831 279 11 show show VB 39831 279 12 that that IN 39831 279 13 the the DT 39831 279 14 lines line NNS 39831 279 15 of of IN 39831 279 16 easier easy JJR 39831 279 17 flow flow NN 39831 279 18 leading lead VBG 39831 279 19 to to IN 39831 279 20 a a DT 39831 279 21 jet jet NN 39831 279 22 are be VBP 39831 279 23 often often RB 39831 279 24 marked mark VBN 39831 279 25 by by IN 39831 279 26 streaks streak NNS 39831 279 27 of of IN 39831 279 28 lamp lamp NN 39831 279 29 - - HYPH 39831 279 30 black black JJ 39831 279 31 in in IN 39831 279 32 Series Series NNP 39831 279 33 I I NNP 39831 279 34 , , , 39831 279 35 or or CC 39831 279 36 by by IN 39831 279 37 streaks streak NNS 39831 279 38 of of IN 39831 279 39 milk milk NN 39831 279 40 in in IN 39831 279 41 Series Series NNP 39831 279 42 II II NNP 39831 279 43 . . . 39831 280 1 This this DT 39831 280 2 explanation explanation NN 39831 280 3 of of IN 39831 280 4 the the DT 39831 280 5 formation formation NN 39831 280 6 of of IN 39831 280 7 the the DT 39831 280 8 jets jet NNS 39831 280 9 applies apply VBZ 39831 280 10 also also RB 39831 280 11 to to IN 39831 280 12 a a DT 39831 280 13 similar similar JJ 39831 280 14 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39831 280 15 on on IN 39831 280 16 a a DT 39831 280 17 much much RB 39831 280 18 larger large JJR 39831 280 19 scale scale NN 39831 280 20 , , , 39831 280 21 with with IN 39831 280 22 which which WDT 39831 280 23 the the DT 39831 280 24 reader reader NN 39831 280 25 will will MD 39831 280 26 be be VB 39831 280 27 already already RB 39831 280 28 familiar familiar JJ 39831 280 29 . . . 39831 281 1 If if IN 39831 281 2 he -PRON- PRP 39831 281 3 has have VBZ 39831 281 4 ever ever RB 39831 281 5 watched watch VBN 39831 281 6 on on IN 39831 281 7 a a DT 39831 281 8 still still RB 39831 281 9 day day NN 39831 281 10 , , , 39831 281 11 on on IN 39831 281 12 a a DT 39831 281 13 straight straight JJ 39831 281 14 , , , 39831 281 15 slightly slightly RB 39831 281 16 shelving shelve VBG 39831 281 17 sandy sandy JJ 39831 281 18 shore shore NN 39831 281 19 , , , 39831 281 20 the the DT 39831 281 21 waves wave NNS 39831 281 22 that that WDT 39831 281 23 have have VBP 39831 281 24 just just RB 39831 281 25 impetus impetus NN 39831 281 26 enough enough JJ 39831 281 27 to to TO 39831 281 28 curl curl VB 39831 281 29 over over RP 39831 281 30 and and CC 39831 281 31 break break VB 39831 281 32 , , , 39831 281 33 he -PRON- PRP 39831 281 34 will will MD 39831 281 35 have have VB 39831 281 36 noticed notice VBN 39831 281 37 that that IN 39831 281 38 up up IN 39831 281 39 to to IN 39831 281 40 a a DT 39831 281 41 certain certain JJ 39831 281 42 moment moment NN 39831 281 43 the the DT 39831 281 44 wave wave NN 39831 281 45 presents present VBZ 39831 281 46 a a DT 39831 281 47 long long JJ 39831 281 48 , , , 39831 281 49 smooth smooth JJ 39831 281 50 , , , 39831 281 51 horizontal horizontal JJ 39831 281 52 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 39831 281 53 edge edge NN 39831 281 54 ( ( -LRB- 39831 281 55 see see VB 39831 281 56 Fig Fig NNP 39831 281 57 . . . 39831 282 1 15-a 15-a LS 39831 282 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 282 3 from from IN 39831 282 4 which which WDT 39831 282 5 , , , 39831 282 6 at at IN 39831 282 7 a a DT 39831 282 8 given give VBN 39831 282 9 instant instant NN 39831 282 10 , , , 39831 282 11 are be VBP 39831 282 12 shot shoot VBN 39831 282 13 out out RP 39831 282 14 an an DT 39831 282 15 immense immense JJ 39831 282 16 array array NN 39831 282 17 of of IN 39831 282 18 little little JJ 39831 282 19 jets jet NNS 39831 282 20 which which WDT 39831 282 21 speedily speedily RB 39831 282 22 break break VBP 39831 282 23 into into IN 39831 282 24 foam foam NN 39831 282 25 , , , 39831 282 26 and and CC 39831 282 27 at at IN 39831 282 28 the the DT 39831 282 29 same same JJ 39831 282 30 moment moment NN 39831 282 31 the the DT 39831 282 32 back back NN 39831 282 33 of of IN 39831 282 34 the the DT 39831 282 35 wave wave NN 39831 282 36 , , , 39831 282 37 hitherto hitherto NNP 39831 282 38 smooth smooth NNP 39831 282 39 , , , 39831 282 40 is be VBZ 39831 282 41 seen see VBN 39831 282 42 to to TO 39831 282 43 be be VB 39831 282 44 furrowed furrow VBN 39831 282 45 or or CC 39831 282 46 combed comb VBN 39831 282 47 ( ( -LRB- 39831 282 48 see see VB 39831 282 49 Fig Fig NNP 39831 282 50 . . . 39831 283 1 15-b 15-b LS 39831 283 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 283 3 . . . 39831 284 1 The the DT 39831 284 2 jets jet NNS 39831 284 3 are be VBP 39831 284 4 due due JJ 39831 284 5 to to IN 39831 284 6 the the DT 39831 284 7 segmentation segmentation NN 39831 284 8 of of IN 39831 284 9 the the DT 39831 284 10 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 39831 284 11 rim rim NN 39831 284 12 according accord VBG 39831 284 13 to to IN 39831 284 14 Plateau Plateau NNP 39831 284 15 's 's POS 39831 284 16 law law NN 39831 284 17 , , , 39831 284 18 and and CC 39831 284 19 the the DT 39831 284 20 ridges ridge NNS 39831 284 21 between between IN 39831 284 22 the the DT 39831 284 23 furrows furrow NNS 39831 284 24 mark mark VBP 39831 284 25 the the DT 39831 284 26 lines line NNS 39831 284 27 of of IN 39831 284 28 easier easy JJR 39831 284 29 flow flow NN 39831 284 30 determined determine VBN 39831 284 31 by by IN 39831 284 32 the the DT 39831 284 33 position position NN 39831 284 34 of of IN 39831 284 35 the the DT 39831 284 36 jets jet NNS 39831 284 37 . . . 39831 285 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 285 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 285 3 : : : 39831 285 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 285 5 . . . 39831 286 1 15-b 15-b LS 39831 286 2 FIG FIG NNP 39831 286 3 . . . 39831 287 1 15-a 15-a CD 39831 287 2 Diagrams diagram NNS 39831 287 3 of of IN 39831 287 4 a a DT 39831 287 5 breaking breaking JJ 39831 287 6 wave wave NN 39831 287 7 . . . 39831 287 8 ] ] -RRB- 39831 288 1 The the DT 39831 288 2 tendency tendency NN 39831 288 3 of of IN 39831 288 4 the the DT 39831 288 5 central central JJ 39831 288 6 column column NN 39831 288 7 of of IN 39831 288 8 Series Series NNP 39831 288 9 I -PRON- PRP 39831 288 10 to to TO 39831 288 11 separate separate VB 39831 288 12 into into IN 39831 288 13 two two CD 39831 288 14 parts part NNS 39831 288 15 is be VBZ 39831 288 16 only only RB 39831 288 17 another another DT 39831 288 18 illustration illustration NN 39831 288 19 of of IN 39831 288 20 the the DT 39831 288 21 same same JJ 39831 288 22 instability instability NN 39831 288 23 of of IN 39831 288 24 a a DT 39831 288 25 liquid liquid JJ 39831 288 26 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 288 27 . . . 39831 289 1 The the DT 39831 289 2 column column NN 39831 289 3 , , , 39831 289 4 however however RB 39831 289 5 , , , 39831 289 6 is be VBZ 39831 289 7 much much RB 39831 289 8 thicker thick JJR 39831 289 9 than than IN 39831 289 10 the the DT 39831 289 11 jets jet NNS 39831 289 12 , , , 39831 289 13 and and CC 39831 289 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 289 15 surface surface NN 39831 289 16 is be VBZ 39831 289 17 therefore therefore RB 39831 289 18 less less RBR 39831 289 19 sharply sharply RB 39831 289 20 curved curve VBN 39831 289 21 , , , 39831 289 22 and and CC 39831 289 23 consequently consequently RB 39831 289 24 the the DT 39831 289 25 inward inward JJ 39831 289 26 pressure pressure NN 39831 289 27 of of IN 39831 289 28 the the DT 39831 289 29 stretched stretch VBN 39831 289 30 curved curve VBN 39831 289 31 surface surface NN 39831 289 32 is be VBZ 39831 289 33 relatively relatively RB 39831 289 34 slight slight JJ 39831 289 35 and and CC 39831 289 36 the the DT 39831 289 37 segmentation segmentation NN 39831 289 38 proceeds proceed VBZ 39831 289 39 only only RB 39831 289 40 slowly slowly RB 39831 289 41 . . . 39831 290 1 Since since IN 39831 290 2 this this DT 39831 290 3 segmentation segmentation NN 39831 290 4 must must MD 39831 290 5 originate originate VB 39831 290 6 in in IN 39831 290 7 some some DT 39831 290 8 accidental accidental JJ 39831 290 9 tremor tremor NN 39831 290 10 , , , 39831 290 11 we -PRON- PRP 39831 290 12 see see VBP 39831 290 13 how how WRB 39831 290 14 it -PRON- PRP 39831 290 15 is be VBZ 39831 290 16 that that IN 39831 290 17 the the DT 39831 290 18 summit summit NN 39831 290 19 of of IN 39831 290 20 the the DT 39831 290 21 column column NN 39831 290 22 may may MD 39831 290 23 succeed succeed VB 39831 290 24 in in IN 39831 290 25 separating separate VBG 39831 290 26 off off RP 39831 290 27 on on IN 39831 290 28 some some DT 39831 290 29 occasions occasion NNS 39831 290 30 and and CC 39831 290 31 not not RB 39831 290 32 on on IN 39831 290 33 others other NNS 39831 290 34 . . . 39831 291 1 As as IN 39831 291 2 a a DT 39831 291 3 matter matter NN 39831 291 4 of of IN 39831 291 5 fact fact NN 39831 291 6 , , , 39831 291 7 the the DT 39831 291 8 height height NN 39831 291 9 of of IN 39831 291 10 fall fall NN 39831 291 11 for for IN 39831 291 12 this this DT 39831 291 13 particular particular JJ 39831 291 14 splash splash NN 39831 291 15 was be VBD 39831 291 16 purposely purposely RB 39831 291 17 selected select VBN 39831 291 18 , , , 39831 291 19 so so IN 39831 291 20 that that IN 39831 291 21 the the DT 39831 291 22 column column NN 39831 291 23 thrown throw VBN 39831 291 24 up up RP 39831 291 25 should should NNP 39831 291 26 _ _ NNP 39831 291 27 just just RB 39831 291 28 _ _ NNP 39831 291 29 not not RB 39831 291 30 succeed succeed VB 39831 291 31 in in IN 39831 291 32 dividing divide VBG 39831 291 33 in in IN 39831 291 34 order order NN 39831 291 35 that that IN 39831 291 36 the the DT 39831 291 37 formation formation NN 39831 291 38 of of IN 39831 291 39 the the DT 39831 291 40 subsequent subsequent JJ 39831 291 41 ripples ripple NNS 39831 291 42 might may MD 39831 291 43 not not RB 39831 291 44 be be VB 39831 291 45 disturbed disturb VBN 39831 291 46 by by IN 39831 291 47 the the DT 39831 291 48 falling falling NN 39831 291 49 in in IN 39831 291 50 of of IN 39831 291 51 the the DT 39831 291 52 drops drop NNS 39831 291 53 split split VBD 39831 291 54 off off RP 39831 291 55 . . . 39831 292 1 But but CC 39831 292 2 , , , 39831 292 3 as as IN 39831 292 4 the the DT 39831 292 5 reader reader NN 39831 292 6 will will MD 39831 292 7 have have VB 39831 292 8 perceived perceive VBN 39831 292 9 , , , 39831 292 10 the the DT 39831 292 11 margin margin NN 39831 292 12 allowed allow VBN 39831 292 13 was be VBD 39831 292 14 not not RB 39831 292 15 quite quite RB 39831 292 16 sufficient sufficient JJ 39831 292 17 . . . 39831 293 1 The the DT 39831 293 2 two two CD 39831 293 3 principles principle NNS 39831 293 4 that that WDT 39831 293 5 I -PRON- PRP 39831 293 6 have have VBP 39831 293 7 now now RB 39831 293 8 explained explain VBN 39831 293 9 , , , 39831 293 10 viz viz NN 39831 293 11 . . . 39831 294 1 the the DT 39831 294 2 principle principle NN 39831 294 3 of of IN 39831 294 4 the the DT 39831 294 5 skin skin NN 39831 294 6 - - HYPH 39831 294 7 tension tension NN 39831 294 8 , , , 39831 294 9 and and CC 39831 294 10 the the DT 39831 294 11 principle principle NN 39831 294 12 of of IN 39831 294 13 the the DT 39831 294 14 instability instability NN 39831 294 15 and and CC 39831 294 16 spontaneous spontaneous JJ 39831 294 17 segmentation segmentation NN 39831 294 18 of of IN 39831 294 19 a a DT 39831 294 20 liquid liquid JJ 39831 294 21 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 294 22 , , , 39831 294 23 jet jet NN 39831 294 24 , , , 39831 294 25 or or CC 39831 294 26 annulus annulus NNP 39831 294 27 , , , 39831 294 28 will will MD 39831 294 29 go go VB 39831 294 30 far far RB 39831 294 31 to to TO 39831 294 32 explain explain VB 39831 294 33 much much JJ 39831 294 34 that that IN 39831 294 35 we -PRON- PRP 39831 294 36 shall shall MD 39831 294 37 see see VB 39831 294 38 in in IN 39831 294 39 any any DT 39831 294 40 splash splash NN 39831 294 41 , , , 39831 294 42 but but CC 39831 294 43 it -PRON- PRP 39831 294 44 is be VBZ 39831 294 45 well well RB 39831 294 46 that that IN 39831 294 47 the the DT 39831 294 48 reader reader NN 39831 294 49 should should MD 39831 294 50 realize realize VB 39831 294 51 how how WRB 39831 294 52 much much JJ 39831 294 53 has have VBZ 39831 294 54 been be VBN 39831 294 55 left leave VBN 39831 294 56 unexplained unexplained JJ 39831 294 57 . . . 39831 295 1 Why why WRB 39831 295 2 , , , 39831 295 3 for for IN 39831 295 4 example example NN 39831 295 5 , , , 39831 295 6 should should MD 39831 295 7 the the DT 39831 295 8 crater crater NN 39831 295 9 rise rise VB 39831 295 10 so so RB 39831 295 11 suddenly suddenly RB 39831 295 12 and and CC 39831 295 13 vertically vertically RB 39831 295 14 immediately immediately RB 39831 295 15 round round IN 39831 295 16 the the DT 39831 295 17 drop drop NN 39831 295 18 as as IN 39831 295 19 it -PRON- PRP 39831 295 20 enters enter VBZ 39831 295 21 ? ? . 39831 296 1 Why why WRB 39831 296 2 should should MD 39831 296 3 the the DT 39831 296 4 drop drop NN 39831 296 5 spread spread VB 39831 296 6 itself -PRON- PRP 39831 296 7 out out RP 39831 296 8 as as IN 39831 296 9 a a DT 39831 296 10 lining lining NN 39831 296 11 over over IN 39831 296 12 the the DT 39831 296 13 inside inside NN 39831 296 14 of of IN 39831 296 15 the the DT 39831 296 16 crater crater NN 39831 296 17 , , , 39831 296 18 turning turn VBG 39831 296 19 itself -PRON- PRP 39831 296 20 inside inside RB 39831 296 21 out out RB 39831 296 22 , , , 39831 296 23 as as IN 39831 296 24 it -PRON- PRP 39831 296 25 were be VBD 39831 296 26 , , , 39831 296 27 and and CC 39831 296 28 making make VBG 39831 296 29 an an DT 39831 296 30 inverted inverted JJ 39831 296 31 umbrella umbrella NN 39831 296 32 of of IN 39831 296 33 itself -PRON- PRP 39831 296 34 ? ? . 39831 297 1 Why why WRB 39831 297 2 when when WRB 39831 297 3 the the DT 39831 297 4 crater crater NN 39831 297 5 subsides subside NNS 39831 297 6 should should MD 39831 297 7 it -PRON- PRP 39831 297 8 flow flow VB 39831 297 9 inwards inward NNS 39831 297 10 rather rather RB 39831 297 11 than than IN 39831 297 12 outwards outward NNS 39831 297 13 , , , 39831 297 14 so so IN 39831 297 15 as as IN 39831 297 16 to to TO 39831 297 17 throw throw VB 39831 297 18 up up RP 39831 297 19 such such PDT 39831 297 20 a a DT 39831 297 21 remarkable remarkable JJ 39831 297 22 central central JJ 39831 297 23 column column NN 39831 297 24 ? ? . 39831 298 1 These these DT 39831 298 2 questions question NNS 39831 298 3 , , , 39831 298 4 which which WDT 39831 298 5 demand demand VBP 39831 298 6 that that IN 39831 298 7 we -PRON- PRP 39831 298 8 should should MD 39831 298 9 trace trace VB 39831 298 10 the the DT 39831 298 11 motion motion NN 39831 298 12 of of IN 39831 298 13 every every DT 39831 298 14 particle particle NN 39831 298 15 of of IN 39831 298 16 the the DT 39831 298 17 water water NN 39831 298 18 back back RB 39831 298 19 to to IN 39831 298 20 the the DT 39831 298 21 original original JJ 39831 298 22 impulse impulse NN 39831 298 23 given give VBN 39831 298 24 by by IN 39831 298 25 the the DT 39831 298 26 impact impact NN 39831 298 27 of of IN 39831 298 28 the the DT 39831 298 29 drop drop NN 39831 298 30 , , , 39831 298 31 are be VBP 39831 298 32 much much RB 39831 298 33 more more RBR 39831 298 34 difficult difficult JJ 39831 298 35 to to TO 39831 298 36 answer answer VB 39831 298 37 , , , 39831 298 38 and and CC 39831 298 39 can can MD 39831 298 40 only only RB 39831 298 41 be be VB 39831 298 42 satisfactorily satisfactorily RB 39831 298 43 dealt deal VBN 39831 298 44 with with IN 39831 298 45 by by IN 39831 298 46 a a DT 39831 298 47 complicated complicated JJ 39831 298 48 mathematical mathematical JJ 39831 298 49 analysis analysis NN 39831 298 50 . . . 39831 299 1 Something something NN 39831 299 2 , , , 39831 299 3 however however RB 39831 299 4 , , , 39831 299 5 in in IN 39831 299 6 the the DT 39831 299 7 way way NN 39831 299 8 of of IN 39831 299 9 a a DT 39831 299 10 general general JJ 39831 299 11 explanation explanation NN 39831 299 12 will will MD 39831 299 13 be be VB 39831 299 14 given give VBN 39831 299 15 in in IN 39831 299 16 a a DT 39831 299 17 later later JJ 39831 299 18 chapter chapter NN 39831 299 19 . . . 39831 300 1 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 39831 300 2 : : : 39831 300 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 300 4 D d NN 39831 300 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 300 6 _ _ NNP 39831 300 7 Statique Statique NNP 39831 300 8 Expà Expà NNP 39831 300 9 © © NNP 39831 300 10 rimentale rimentale NNP 39831 300 11 et et NNP 39831 300 12 Thà Thà NNP 39831 300 13 © © NNP 39831 300 14 orique orique NN 39831 300 15 des des NNP 39831 300 16 Liquides Liquides NNP 39831 300 17 . . . 39831 300 18 _ _ NNP 39831 300 19 [ [ -LRB- 39831 300 20 E e NN 39831 300 21 ] ] -RRB- 39831 300 22 See See NNP 39831 300 23 Worthington Worthington NNP 39831 300 24 on on IN 39831 300 25 the the DT 39831 300 26 " " `` 39831 300 27 Segmentation segmentation NN 39831 300 28 of of IN 39831 300 29 a a DT 39831 300 30 Liquid Liquid NNP 39831 300 31 Annulus Annulus NNP 39831 300 32 , , , 39831 300 33 " " '' 39831 300 34 _ _ NNP 39831 300 35 Proc Proc NNP 39831 300 36 . . . 39831 301 1 Roy Roy NNP 39831 301 2 . . . 39831 302 1 Soc Soc NNP 39831 302 2 . . . 39831 302 3 _ _ NNP 39831 302 4 , , , 39831 302 5 No no UH 39831 302 6 . . . 39831 303 1 200 200 CD 39831 303 2 , , , 39831 303 3 1879 1879 CD 39831 303 4 . . . 39831 304 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39831 304 2 IV IV NNP 39831 304 3 THE the DT 39831 304 4 SPLASH SPLASH NNP 39831 304 5 CONTINUED CONTINUED NNS 39831 304 6 I -PRON- PRP 39831 304 7 have have VBP 39831 304 8 stated state VBN 39831 304 9 that that IN 39831 304 10 the the DT 39831 304 11 addition addition NN 39831 304 12 of of IN 39831 304 13 the the DT 39831 304 14 milk milk NN 39831 304 15 to to IN 39831 304 16 the the DT 39831 304 17 water water NN 39831 304 18 made make VBN 39831 304 19 but but CC 39831 304 20 little little JJ 39831 304 21 difference difference NN 39831 304 22 in in IN 39831 304 23 the the DT 39831 304 24 character character NN 39831 304 25 of of IN 39831 304 26 the the DT 39831 304 27 resulting result VBG 39831 304 28 splash splash NN 39831 304 29 . . . 39831 305 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 305 2 does do VBZ 39831 305 3 , , , 39831 305 4 however however RB 39831 305 5 , , , 39831 305 6 make make VB 39831 305 7 certain certain JJ 39831 305 8 differences difference NNS 39831 305 9 in in IN 39831 305 10 detail detail NN 39831 305 11 , , , 39831 305 12 as as IN 39831 305 13 will will MD 39831 305 14 be be VB 39831 305 15 gathered gather VBN 39831 305 16 from from IN 39831 305 17 an an DT 39831 305 18 examination examination NN 39831 305 19 of of IN 39831 305 20 the the DT 39831 305 21 next next JJ 39831 305 22 Series Series NNP 39831 305 23 I I NNP 39831 305 24 - - HYPH 39831 305 25 a a NNP 39831 305 26 , , , 39831 305 27 which which WDT 39831 305 28 shows show VBZ 39831 305 29 the the DT 39831 305 30 effect effect NN 39831 305 31 of of IN 39831 305 32 letting let VBG 39831 305 33 the the DT 39831 305 34 water water NN 39831 305 35 - - HYPH 39831 305 36 drop drop NN 39831 305 37 fall fall NN 39831 305 38 from from IN 39831 305 39 the the DT 39831 305 40 same same JJ 39831 305 41 height height NN 39831 305 42 into into IN 39831 305 43 water water NN 39831 305 44 instead instead RB 39831 305 45 of of IN 39831 305 46 into into IN 39831 305 47 milk milk NN 39831 305 48 . . . 39831 306 1 Such such PDT 39831 306 2 a a DT 39831 306 3 splash splash NN 39831 306 4 is be VBZ 39831 306 5 difficult difficult JJ 39831 306 6 to to TO 39831 306 7 photograph photograph VB 39831 306 8 unless unless IN 39831 306 9 the the DT 39831 306 10 illumination illumination NN 39831 306 11 is be VBZ 39831 306 12 from from IN 39831 306 13 behind behind RB 39831 306 14 . . . 39831 307 1 As as IN 39831 307 2 shown show VBN 39831 307 3 in in IN 39831 307 4 this this DT 39831 307 5 way way NN 39831 307 6 , , , 39831 307 7 the the DT 39831 307 8 early early JJ 39831 307 9 figures figure NNS 39831 307 10 of of IN 39831 307 11 the the DT 39831 307 12 crater crater NN 39831 307 13 might may MD 39831 307 14 be be VB 39831 307 15 unintelligible unintelligible JJ 39831 307 16 to to IN 39831 307 17 the the DT 39831 307 18 reader reader NN 39831 307 19 had have VBD 39831 307 20 he -PRON- PRP 39831 307 21 not not RB 39831 307 22 already already RB 39831 307 23 studied study VBN 39831 307 24 the the DT 39831 307 25 same same JJ 39831 307 26 crater crater NN 39831 307 27 lighted light VBD 39831 307 28 up up RP 39831 307 29 from from IN 39831 307 30 the the DT 39831 307 31 side side NN 39831 307 32 . . . 39831 308 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 39831 308 2 , , , 39831 308 3 though though IN 39831 308 4 the the DT 39831 308 5 front front NN 39831 308 6 of of IN 39831 308 7 the the DT 39831 308 8 crater crater NN 39831 308 9 is be VBZ 39831 308 10 hardly hardly RB 39831 308 11 visible visible JJ 39831 308 12 directly directly RB 39831 308 13 , , , 39831 308 14 yet yet CC 39831 308 15 every every DT 39831 308 16 lobe lobe NN 39831 308 17 on on IN 39831 308 18 it -PRON- PRP 39831 308 19 can can MD 39831 308 20 be be VB 39831 308 21 clearly clearly RB 39831 308 22 traced trace VBN 39831 308 23 in in IN 39831 308 24 the the DT 39831 308 25 inverted invert VBN 39831 308 26 image image NN 39831 308 27 seen see VBN 39831 308 28 by by IN 39831 308 29 reflection reflection NN 39831 308 30 . . . 39831 309 1 The the DT 39831 309 2 most most RBS 39831 309 3 noticeable noticeable JJ 39831 309 4 difference difference NN 39831 309 5 between between IN 39831 309 6 the the DT 39831 309 7 two two CD 39831 309 8 splashes splash NNS 39831 309 9 is be VBZ 39831 309 10 perhaps perhaps RB 39831 309 11 the the DT 39831 309 12 very very RB 39831 309 13 much much RB 39831 309 14 greater great JJR 39831 309 15 number number NN 39831 309 16 of of IN 39831 309 17 ripples ripple NNS 39831 309 18 seen see VBN 39831 309 19 with with IN 39831 309 20 the the DT 39831 309 21 splash splash NN 39831 309 22 in in IN 39831 309 23 pure pure JJ 39831 309 24 water water NN 39831 309 25 . . . 39831 310 1 This this DT 39831 310 2 is be VBZ 39831 310 3 partly partly RB 39831 310 4 because because IN 39831 310 5 , , , 39831 310 6 with with IN 39831 310 7 the the DT 39831 310 8 illumination illumination NN 39831 310 9 behind behind IN 39831 310 10 , , , 39831 310 11 such such JJ 39831 310 12 ripples ripple NNS 39831 310 13 are be VBP 39831 310 14 more more RBR 39831 310 15 easily easily RB 39831 310 16 visible visible JJ 39831 310 17 , , , 39831 310 18 but but CC 39831 310 19 arises arise VBZ 39831 310 20 chiefly chiefly RB 39831 310 21 from from IN 39831 310 22 the the DT 39831 310 23 fact fact NN 39831 310 24 that that IN 39831 310 25 ripples ripple NNS 39831 310 26 are be VBP 39831 310 27 not not RB 39831 310 28 so so RB 39831 310 29 readily readily RB 39831 310 30 propagated propagate VBN 39831 310 31 over over IN 39831 310 32 the the DT 39831 310 33 surface surface NN 39831 310 34 of of IN 39831 310 35 milk milk NN 39831 310 36 on on IN 39831 310 37 account account NN 39831 310 38 both both DT 39831 310 39 of of IN 39831 310 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 310 41 smaller small JJR 39831 310 42 surface surface NN 39831 310 43 - - HYPH 39831 310 44 tension tension NN 39831 310 45 and and CC 39831 310 46 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 310 47 greater great JJR 39831 310 48 viscosity viscosity NN 39831 310 49 . . . 39831 311 1 The the DT 39831 311 2 first first JJ 39831 311 3 appearance appearance NN 39831 311 4 of of IN 39831 311 5 outward outward RB 39831 311 6 - - HYPH 39831 311 7 spreading spreading NN 39831 311 8 ripples ripple NNS 39831 311 9 is be VBZ 39831 311 10 in in IN 39831 311 11 No no NN 39831 311 12 . . . 39831 312 1 6 6 CD 39831 312 2 , , , 39831 312 3 just just RB 39831 312 4 round round IN 39831 312 5 the the DT 39831 312 6 subsiding subsiding JJ 39831 312 7 crater crater NN 39831 312 8 . . . 39831 313 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 313 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 313 3 : : : 39831 313 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 313 5 I -PRON- PRP 39831 313 6 - - : 39831 313 7 a a DT 39831 313 8 Water Water NNP 39831 313 9 into into IN 39831 313 10 water water NN 39831 313 11 ( ( -LRB- 39831 313 12 40 40 CD 39831 313 13 cm cm NNS 39831 313 14 . . . 39831 314 1 fall fall VB 39831 314 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 314 3 . . . 39831 315 1 Scale scale NN 39831 315 2 9/10 9/10 CD 39831 315 3 . . . 39831 316 1 1 1 CD 39831 316 2 T t NN 39831 316 3 = = SYM 39831 316 4 0 0 CD 39831 316 5 2 2 CD 39831 316 6 0·004 0·004 NNP 39831 316 7 sec sec NNP 39831 316 8 . . . 39831 317 1 3 3 CD 39831 317 2 0·013 0·013 NNP 39831 317 3 sec sec NNP 39831 317 4 . . . 39831 318 1 4 4 CD 39831 318 2 0·018 0·018 NNP 39831 318 3 sec sec NNP 39831 318 4 . . . 39831 318 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 319 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 319 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 319 3 : : : 39831 319 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 319 5 I I NNP 39831 319 6 - - HYPH 39831 319 7 a--(_continued a--(_continue VBN 39831 319 8 _ _ NN 39831 319 9 ) ) -RRB- 39831 319 10 5 5 CD 39831 319 11 0·026 0â·026 CD 39831 319 12 sec sec NNP 39831 319 13 . . . 39831 320 1 6 6 CD 39831 320 2 0·042 0·042 NNP 39831 320 3 sec sec NNP 39831 320 4 . . . 39831 321 1 7 7 CD 39831 321 2 0·058 0·058 NNP 39831 321 3 sec sec NNP 39831 321 4 . . . 39831 322 1 8 8 CD 39831 322 2 0·073 0·073 NNP 39831 322 3 sec sec NNP 39831 322 4 . . . 39831 322 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 323 1 Since since IN 39831 323 2 the the DT 39831 323 3 origination origination NN 39831 323 4 of of IN 39831 323 5 these these DT 39831 323 6 ripples ripple NNS 39831 323 7 is be VBZ 39831 323 8 an an DT 39831 323 9 interesting interesting JJ 39831 323 10 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39831 323 11 from from IN 39831 323 12 a a DT 39831 323 13 physical physical JJ 39831 323 14 point point NN 39831 323 15 of of IN 39831 323 16 view view NN 39831 323 17 , , , 39831 323 18 as as IN 39831 323 19 throwing throw VBG 39831 323 20 light light NN 39831 323 21 on on IN 39831 323 22 the the DT 39831 323 23 dispersion dispersion NN 39831 323 24 of of IN 39831 323 25 waves wave NNS 39831 323 26 travelling travel VBG 39831 323 27 with with IN 39831 323 28 different different JJ 39831 323 29 velocities velocity NNS 39831 323 30 , , , 39831 323 31 special special JJ 39831 323 32 precautions precaution NNS 39831 323 33 were be VBD 39831 323 34 taken take VBN 39831 323 35 to to TO 39831 323 36 secure secure VB 39831 323 37 the the DT 39831 323 38 most most RBS 39831 323 39 favourable favourable JJ 39831 323 40 conditions condition NNS 39831 323 41 , , , 39831 323 42 and and CC 39831 323 43 in in IN 39831 323 44 order order NN 39831 323 45 to to TO 39831 323 46 clean clean VB 39831 323 47 the the DT 39831 323 48 surface surface NN 39831 323 49 after after IN 39831 323 50 the the DT 39831 323 51 arrival arrival NN 39831 323 52 of of IN 39831 323 53 each each DT 39831 323 54 drop drop NN 39831 323 55 , , , 39831 323 56 which which WDT 39831 323 57 inevitably inevitably RB 39831 323 58 brings bring VBZ 39831 323 59 down down RP 39831 323 60 a a DT 39831 323 61 little little JJ 39831 323 62 adherent adherent JJ 39831 323 63 lamp lamp NN 39831 323 64 - - HYPH 39831 323 65 black black JJ 39831 323 66 , , , 39831 323 67 a a DT 39831 323 68 continuous continuous JJ 39831 323 69 slow slow JJ 39831 323 70 stream stream NN 39831 323 71 of of IN 39831 323 72 fresh fresh JJ 39831 323 73 water water NN 39831 323 74 was be VBD 39831 323 75 maintained maintain VBN 39831 323 76 which which WDT 39831 323 77 swept sweep VBD 39831 323 78 the the DT 39831 323 79 contaminated contaminate VBN 39831 323 80 surface surface NN 39831 323 81 - - HYPH 39831 323 82 liquid liquid NN 39831 323 83 away away RB 39831 323 84 over over IN 39831 323 85 the the DT 39831 323 86 edge edge NN 39831 323 87 of of IN 39831 323 88 the the DT 39831 323 89 vessel vessel NN 39831 323 90 . . . 39831 324 1 The the DT 39831 324 2 effect effect NN 39831 324 3 of of IN 39831 324 4 this this DT 39831 324 5 precaution precaution NN 39831 324 6 is be VBZ 39831 324 7 seen see VBN 39831 324 8 by by IN 39831 324 9 a a DT 39831 324 10 comparison comparison NN 39831 324 11 of of IN 39831 324 12 the the DT 39831 324 13 photographs photograph NNS 39831 324 14 No no UH 39831 324 15 . . . 39831 325 1 11 11 CD 39831 325 2 and and CC 39831 325 3 No no UH 39831 325 4 . . . 39831 326 1 11-a 11-a LS 39831 326 2 . . . 39831 327 1 In in IN 39831 327 2 the the DT 39831 327 3 first first JJ 39831 327 4 the the DT 39831 327 5 surface surface NN 39831 327 6 was be VBD 39831 327 7 kept keep VBN 39831 327 8 quite quite RB 39831 327 9 clean clean JJ 39831 327 10 in in IN 39831 327 11 the the DT 39831 327 12 way way NN 39831 327 13 described describe VBN 39831 327 14 ; ; : 39831 327 15 in in IN 39831 327 16 the the DT 39831 327 17 second second NN 39831 327 18 it -PRON- PRP 39831 327 19 had have VBD 39831 327 20 only only RB 39831 327 21 been be VBN 39831 327 22 cleaned clean VBN 39831 327 23 by by IN 39831 327 24 skimming skim VBG 39831 327 25 it -PRON- PRP 39831 327 26 with with IN 39831 327 27 a a DT 39831 327 28 fine fine JJ 39831 327 29 wire wire NN 39831 327 30 - - HYPH 39831 327 31 gauze gauze NN 39831 327 32 dish dish NN 39831 327 33 . . . 39831 328 1 The the DT 39831 328 2 beginning beginning NN 39831 328 3 of of IN 39831 328 4 the the DT 39831 328 5 descent descent NN 39831 328 6 of of IN 39831 328 7 the the DT 39831 328 8 first first JJ 39831 328 9 central central JJ 39831 328 10 column column NN 39831 328 11 seems seem VBZ 39831 328 12 to to TO 39831 328 13 be be VB 39831 328 14 marked mark VBN 39831 328 15 by by IN 39831 328 16 the the DT 39831 328 17 appearance appearance NN 39831 328 18 of of IN 39831 328 19 a a DT 39831 328 20 slight slight JJ 39831 328 21 depression depression NN 39831 328 22 round round IN 39831 328 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 328 24 base base NN 39831 328 25 , , , 39831 328 26 which which WDT 39831 328 27 has have VBZ 39831 328 28 just just RB 39831 328 29 not not RB 39831 328 30 begun begin VBN 39831 328 31 in in IN 39831 328 32 No no UH 39831 328 33 . . . 39831 329 1 11-a 11-a LS 39831 329 2 , , , 39831 329 3 and and CC 39831 329 4 has have VBZ 39831 329 5 just just RB 39831 329 6 begun begin VBN 39831 329 7 in in IN 39831 329 8 No no UH 39831 329 9 . . . 39831 330 1 11 11 CD 39831 330 2 , , , 39831 330 3 and and CC 39831 330 4 goes go VBZ 39831 330 5 on on RP 39831 330 6 increasing increase VBG 39831 330 7 in in IN 39831 330 8 Figs Figs NNP 39831 330 9 . . . 39831 331 1 12 12 CD 39831 331 2 and and CC 39831 331 3 13 13 CD 39831 331 4 . . . 39831 332 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 332 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 332 3 : : : 39831 332 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 332 5 I I NNP 39831 332 6 - - HYPH 39831 332 7 a--(_continued a--(_continue VBN 39831 332 8 _ _ NNP 39831 332 9 ) ) -RRB- 39831 332 10 Running running NN 39831 332 11 water water NN 39831 332 12 . . . 39831 333 1 Scale scale NN 39831 333 2 reduced reduce VBN 39831 333 3 to to IN 39831 333 4 6/10 6/10 CD 39831 333 5 . . . 39831 334 1 9 9 CD 39831 334 2 0·087 0â·087 NN 39831 334 3 sec sec NNP 39831 334 4 . . . 39831 335 1 10 10 CD 39831 335 2 0·014 0â·014 NN 39831 335 3 sec sec NNP 39831 335 4 . . . 39831 336 1 11 11 CD 39831 336 2 0·139 0·139 NNP 39831 336 3 sec sec NNP 39831 336 4 . . . 39831 337 1 11-a 11-a LS 39831 337 2 0·139 0·139 NNP 39831 337 3 sec sec NNP 39831 337 4 . . . 39831 337 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 338 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 338 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 338 3 : : : 39831 338 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 338 5 I I NNP 39831 338 6 - - HYPH 39831 338 7 a--(_continued a--(_continue VBN 39831 338 8 _ _ NNP 39831 338 9 ) ) -RRB- 39831 338 10 Running running NN 39831 338 11 water water NN 39831 338 12 . . . 39831 339 1 Scale scale NN 39831 339 2 6/10 6/10 CD 39831 339 3 . . . 39831 340 1 12 12 CD 39831 340 2 0·163 0·163 NNP 39831 340 3 sec sec NNP 39831 340 4 . . . 39831 341 1 13 13 CD 39831 341 2 0·185 0â·185 CD 39831 341 3 sec sec NNP 39831 341 4 . . . 39831 342 1 14 14 CD 39831 342 2 0·207 0â·207 CD 39831 342 3 sec sec NNP 39831 342 4 . . . 39831 343 1 15 15 CD 39831 343 2 0·227 0·227 NNP 39831 343 3 sec sec NNP 39831 343 4 . . . 39831 343 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 344 1 The the DT 39831 344 2 same same JJ 39831 344 3 feature feature NN 39831 344 4 marks mark VBZ 39831 344 5 the the DT 39831 344 6 beginning beginning NN 39831 344 7 of of IN 39831 344 8 the the DT 39831 344 9 descent descent NN 39831 344 10 of of IN 39831 344 11 the the DT 39831 344 12 secondary secondary JJ 39831 344 13 central central JJ 39831 344 14 column column NN 39831 344 15 , , , 39831 344 16 which which WDT 39831 344 17 is be VBZ 39831 344 18 still still RB 39831 344 19 rising rise VBG 39831 344 20 in in IN 39831 344 21 Fig Fig NNP 39831 344 22 . . . 39831 345 1 17 17 CD 39831 345 2 , , , 39831 345 3 is be VBZ 39831 345 4 just just RB 39831 345 5 poised poise VBN 39831 345 6 in in IN 39831 345 7 Fig Fig NNP 39831 345 8 . . . 39831 346 1 18 18 CD 39831 346 2 , , , 39831 346 3 and and CC 39831 346 4 thence thence NN 39831 346 5 onwards onwards RB 39831 346 6 shows show VBZ 39831 346 7 a a DT 39831 346 8 gradually gradually RB 39831 346 9 increasing increase VBG 39831 346 10 central central JJ 39831 346 11 depression depression NN 39831 346 12 . . . 39831 347 1 These these DT 39831 347 2 last last JJ 39831 347 3 four four CD 39831 347 4 figures figure NNS 39831 347 5 carry carry VBP 39831 347 6 us -PRON- PRP 39831 347 7 to to IN 39831 347 8 a a DT 39831 347 9 rather rather RB 39831 347 10 later later JJ 39831 347 11 stage stage NN 39831 347 12 than than IN 39831 347 13 was be VBD 39831 347 14 reached reach VBN 39831 347 15 in in IN 39831 347 16 Series Series NNP 39831 347 17 I. I. NNP 39831 348 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 348 2 should should MD 39831 348 3 be be VB 39831 348 4 noticed notice VBN 39831 348 5 that that IN 39831 348 6 in in IN 39831 348 7 this this DT 39831 348 8 Series Series NNP 39831 348 9 the the DT 39831 348 10 water water NN 39831 348 11 - - HYPH 39831 348 12 drop drop NN 39831 348 13 used use VBN 39831 348 14 was be VBD 39831 348 15 of of IN 39831 348 16 smaller small JJR 39831 348 17 diameter diameter NN 39831 348 18 than than IN 39831 348 19 that that DT 39831 348 20 of of IN 39831 348 21 Series Series NNP 39831 348 22 I I NNP 39831 348 23 , , , 39831 348 24 weighing weigh VBG 39831 348 25 ·13 ·13 . 39831 348 26 grams gram NNS 39831 348 27 as as IN 39831 348 28 against against IN 39831 348 29 ·2 ·2 NNP 39831 348 30 grams gram NNS 39831 348 31 . . . 39831 349 1 By by IN 39831 349 2 employing employ VBG 39831 349 3 the the DT 39831 349 4 smaller small JJR 39831 349 5 drop drop NN 39831 349 6 , , , 39831 349 7 we -PRON- PRP 39831 349 8 diminish diminish VBP 39831 349 9 irregularities irregularity NNS 39831 349 10 due due IN 39831 349 11 to to IN 39831 349 12 oscillations oscillation NNS 39831 349 13 of of IN 39831 349 14 form form NN 39831 349 15 set set VBN 39831 349 16 up up RP 39831 349 17 on on IN 39831 349 18 release release NN 39831 349 19 , , , 39831 349 20 for for IN 39831 349 21 the the DT 39831 349 22 smaller small JJR 39831 349 23 drop drop NN 39831 349 24 is be VBZ 39831 349 25 more more RBR 39831 349 26 spherical spherical JJ 39831 349 27 when when WRB 39831 349 28 lying lie VBG 39831 349 29 on on IN 39831 349 30 the the DT 39831 349 31 dropping drop VBG 39831 349 32 cup cup NN 39831 349 33 than than IN 39831 349 34 the the DT 39831 349 35 larger large JJR 39831 349 36 ; ; : 39831 349 37 a a DT 39831 349 38 few few JJ 39831 349 39 photographs photograph NNS 39831 349 40 taken take VBN 39831 349 41 for for IN 39831 349 42 comparison comparison NN 39831 349 43 with with IN 39831 349 44 the the DT 39831 349 45 full full JJ 39831 349 46 - - HYPH 39831 349 47 sized sized JJ 39831 349 48 drop drop NN 39831 349 49 showed show VBD 39831 349 50 , , , 39831 349 51 however however RB 39831 349 52 , , , 39831 349 53 extremely extremely RB 39831 349 54 little little JJ 39831 349 55 difference difference NN 39831 349 56 in in IN 39831 349 57 the the DT 39831 349 58 splashes splash NNS 39831 349 59 at at IN 39831 349 60 this this DT 39831 349 61 height height NN 39831 349 62 of of IN 39831 349 63 fall fall NN 39831 349 64 . . . 39831 350 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 350 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 350 3 : : : 39831 350 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 350 5 I I NNP 39831 350 6 - - HYPH 39831 350 7 a--(_continued a--(_continue VBN 39831 350 8 _ _ NNP 39831 350 9 ) ) -RRB- 39831 350 10 Still still RB 39831 350 11 water water NN 39831 350 12 . . . 39831 351 1 Scale scale NN 39831 351 2 9/10 9/10 CD 39831 351 3 . . . 39831 352 1 16 16 CD 39831 352 2 0·247 0â·247 CD 39831 352 3 sec sec NNP 39831 352 4 . . . 39831 353 1 17 17 CD 39831 353 2 0·266 0·266 NNP 39831 353 3 sec sec NNP 39831 353 4 . . . 39831 354 1 18 18 CD 39831 354 2 0·294 0·294 NNP 39831 354 3 sec sec NNP 39831 354 4 . . . 39831 354 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 355 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 355 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 355 3 : : : 39831 355 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 355 5 I I NNP 39831 355 6 - - HYPH 39831 355 7 a--(_continued a--(_continue VBN 39831 355 8 _ _ NNP 39831 355 9 ) ) -RRB- 39831 355 10 Still still RB 39831 355 11 water water NN 39831 355 12 . . . 39831 356 1 Scale scale NN 39831 356 2 9/10 9/10 CD 39831 356 3 . . . 39831 357 1 19 19 CD 39831 357 2 0·285 0â·285 CD 39831 357 3 sec sec NNP 39831 357 4 . . . 39831 358 1 20 20 CD 39831 358 2 0·311 0·311 NNP 39831 358 3 sec sec NNP 39831 358 4 . . . 39831 359 1 21 21 CD 39831 359 2 0·321 0·321 NNP 39831 359 3 sec sec NNP 39831 359 4 . . . 39831 359 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 360 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 360 2 V v NN 39831 360 3 HIGHER high JJR 39831 360 4 FALLS FALLS NNPS 39831 360 5 -- -- : 39831 360 6 BUBBLE bubble NN 39831 360 7 - - HYPH 39831 360 8 BUILDING building NN 39831 360 9 It -PRON- PRP 39831 360 10 might may MD 39831 360 11 well well RB 39831 360 12 be be VB 39831 360 13 expected expect VBN 39831 360 14 that that IN 39831 360 15 the the DT 39831 360 16 effect effect NN 39831 360 17 of of IN 39831 360 18 increasing increase VBG 39831 360 19 the the DT 39831 360 20 height height NN 39831 360 21 of of IN 39831 360 22 fall fall NN 39831 360 23 of of IN 39831 360 24 our -PRON- PRP$ 39831 360 25 drop drop NN 39831 360 26 to to IN 39831 360 27 100 100 CD 39831 360 28 cm cm NNS 39831 360 29 . . . 39831 361 1 would would MD 39831 361 2 be be VB 39831 361 3 simply simply RB 39831 361 4 to to TO 39831 361 5 emphasize emphasize VB 39831 361 6 the the DT 39831 361 7 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39831 361 8 already already RB 39831 361 9 observed observe VBN 39831 361 10 , , , 39831 361 11 and and CC 39831 361 12 to to TO 39831 361 13 obtain obtain VB 39831 361 14 a a DT 39831 361 15 higher high JJR 39831 361 16 crater crater NN 39831 361 17 and and CC 39831 361 18 a a DT 39831 361 19 taller tall JJR 39831 361 20 rebounding rebounding NN 39831 361 21 column column NN 39831 361 22 . . . 39831 362 1 Such such PDT 39831 362 2 an an DT 39831 362 3 expectation expectation NN 39831 362 4 would would MD 39831 362 5 be be VB 39831 362 6 mistaken mistaken JJ 39831 362 7 . . . 39831 363 1 A a DT 39831 363 2 new new JJ 39831 363 3 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39831 363 4 makes make VBZ 39831 363 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 363 6 appearance appearance NN 39831 363 7 . . . 39831 364 1 The the DT 39831 364 2 crater crater NN 39831 364 3 does do VBZ 39831 364 4 indeed indeed RB 39831 364 5 rise rise VB 39831 364 6 to to IN 39831 364 7 a a DT 39831 364 8 greater great JJR 39831 364 9 height height NN 39831 364 10 , , , 39831 364 11 but but CC 39831 364 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 364 13 mouth mouth NN 39831 364 14 closes close VBZ 39831 364 15 so so IN 39831 364 16 as as IN 39831 364 17 to to TO 39831 364 18 form form VB 39831 364 19 a a DT 39831 364 20 bubble bubble NN 39831 364 21 on on IN 39831 364 22 the the DT 39831 364 23 surface surface NN 39831 364 24 of of IN 39831 364 25 the the DT 39831 364 26 liquid liquid NN 39831 364 27 . . . 39831 365 1 If if IN 39831 365 2 the the DT 39831 365 3 height height NN 39831 365 4 be be VBP 39831 365 5 not not RB 39831 365 6 too too RB 39831 365 7 great great JJ 39831 365 8 the the DT 39831 365 9 closing closing NN 39831 365 10 is be VBZ 39831 365 11 either either CC 39831 365 12 incomplete incomplete JJ 39831 365 13 or or CC 39831 365 14 at at IN 39831 365 15 any any DT 39831 365 16 rate rate NN 39831 365 17 only only RB 39831 365 18 temporary temporary JJ 39831 365 19 , , , 39831 365 20 and and CC 39831 365 21 the the DT 39831 365 22 bubble bubble NN 39831 365 23 reopens reopen VBZ 39831 365 24 at at IN 39831 365 25 the the DT 39831 365 26 top top NN 39831 365 27 to to TO 39831 365 28 make make VB 39831 365 29 way way NN 39831 365 30 for for IN 39831 365 31 the the DT 39831 365 32 column column NN 39831 365 33 which which WDT 39831 365 34 rises rise VBZ 39831 365 35 as as IN 39831 365 36 before before RB 39831 365 37 from from IN 39831 365 38 the the DT 39831 365 39 base base NN 39831 365 40 , , , 39831 365 41 but but CC 39831 365 42 is be VBZ 39831 365 43 now now RB 39831 365 44 much much RB 39831 365 45 thicker thick JJR 39831 365 46 and and CC 39831 365 47 hardly hardly RB 39831 365 48 so so RB 39831 365 49 high high JJ 39831 365 50 as as IN 39831 365 51 before before RB 39831 365 52 . . . 39831 366 1 In in IN 39831 366 2 the the DT 39831 366 3 Series Series NNP 39831 366 4 II II NNP 39831 366 5 , , , 39831 366 6 which which WDT 39831 366 7 is be VBZ 39831 366 8 now now RB 39831 366 9 given give VBN 39831 366 10 , , , 39831 366 11 the the DT 39831 366 12 drop drop NN 39831 366 13 was be VBD 39831 366 14 of of IN 39831 366 15 milk milk NN 39831 366 16 , , , 39831 366 17 7·36 7·36 NNP 39831 366 18 mm mm NN 39831 366 19 . . . 39831 367 1 in in IN 39831 367 2 diameter diameter NN 39831 367 3 , , , 39831 367 4 and and CC 39831 367 5 fell fall VBD 39831 367 6 100 100 CD 39831 367 7 cm cm NNS 39831 367 8 . . . 39831 368 1 into into IN 39831 368 2 water water NN 39831 368 3 . . . 39831 369 1 Photographs photograph NNS 39831 369 2 1 1 CD 39831 369 3 and and CC 39831 369 4 2 2 CD 39831 369 5 - - HYPH 39831 369 6 -to -to NN 39831 369 7 which which WDT 39831 369 8 is be VBZ 39831 369 9 added add VBN 39831 369 10 2-a 2-a CD 39831 369 11 , , , 39831 369 12 though though IN 39831 369 13 taken take VBN 39831 369 14 under under IN 39831 369 15 slightly slightly RB 39831 369 16 different different JJ 39831 369 17 conditions condition NNS 39831 369 18 -- -- : 39831 369 19 show show VBP 39831 369 20 that that IN 39831 369 21 the the DT 39831 369 22 drop drop NN 39831 369 23 on on IN 39831 369 24 entering enter VBG 39831 369 25 punches punch NNS 39831 369 26 a a DT 39831 369 27 sheer sheer JJ 39831 369 28 - - HYPH 39831 369 29 walled walled JJ 39831 369 30 hole hole NN 39831 369 31 , , , 39831 369 32 for for IN 39831 369 33 the the DT 39831 369 34 fine fine JJ 39831 369 35 line line NN 39831 369 36 of of IN 39831 369 37 light light NN 39831 369 38 seen see VBN 39831 369 39 above above IN 39831 369 40 the the DT 39831 369 41 level level NN 39831 369 42 of of IN 39831 369 43 the the DT 39831 369 44 top top NN 39831 369 45 of of IN 39831 369 46 the the DT 39831 369 47 drop drop NN 39831 369 48 in in IN 39831 369 49 Figs Figs NNP 39831 369 50 . . . 39831 370 1 2 2 CD 39831 370 2 and and CC 39831 370 3 2-a 2-a CD 39831 370 4 marks mark NNS 39831 370 5 the the DT 39831 370 6 circular circular JJ 39831 370 7 cliff cliff NN 39831 370 8 - - HYPH 39831 370 9 like like JJ 39831 370 10 edge edge NN 39831 370 11 of of IN 39831 370 12 the the DT 39831 370 13 as as RB 39831 370 14 yet yet RB 39831 370 15 undisturbed undisturbed JJ 39831 370 16 liquid liquid NN 39831 370 17 . . . 39831 371 1 Up up IN 39831 371 2 the the DT 39831 371 3 vertical vertical JJ 39831 371 4 sides side NNS 39831 371 5 of of IN 39831 371 6 this this DT 39831 371 7 circular circular JJ 39831 371 8 pit pit NN 39831 371 9 the the DT 39831 371 10 liquid liquid NN 39831 371 11 of of IN 39831 371 12 the the DT 39831 371 13 drop drop NN 39831 371 14 is be VBZ 39831 371 15 streaming stream VBG 39831 371 16 . . . 39831 372 1 This this DT 39831 372 2 cliff cliff NN 39831 372 3 is be VBZ 39831 372 4 highest high JJS 39831 372 5 and and CC 39831 372 6 perhaps perhaps RB 39831 372 7 clearest clear JJS 39831 372 8 in in IN 39831 372 9 Fig Fig NNP 39831 372 10 . . . 39831 373 1 2-a 2-a CD 39831 373 2 . . . 39831 374 1 The the DT 39831 374 2 closing closing NN 39831 374 3 of of IN 39831 374 4 the the DT 39831 374 5 mouth mouth NN 39831 374 6 of of IN 39831 374 7 the the DT 39831 374 8 crater crater NN 39831 374 9 , , , 39831 374 10 which which WDT 39831 374 11 is be VBZ 39831 374 12 just just RB 39831 374 13 beginning begin VBG 39831 374 14 in in IN 39831 374 15 Fig Fig NNP 39831 374 16 . . . 39831 375 1 5 5 CD 39831 375 2 , , , 39831 375 3 is be VBZ 39831 375 4 to to TO 39831 375 5 be be VB 39831 375 6 explained explain VBN 39831 375 7 as as IN 39831 375 8 follows follow VBZ 39831 375 9 . . . 39831 376 1 If if IN 39831 376 2 the the DT 39831 376 3 crater crater NN 39831 376 4 were be VBD 39831 376 5 a a DT 39831 376 6 simple simple JJ 39831 376 7 thin thin JJ 39831 376 8 - - HYPH 39831 376 9 walled walled JJ 39831 376 10 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 376 11 of of IN 39831 376 12 liquid liquid NN 39831 376 13 , , , 39831 376 14 it -PRON- PRP 39831 376 15 would would MD 39831 376 16 contract contract VB 39831 376 17 under under IN 39831 376 18 the the DT 39831 376 19 influence influence NN 39831 376 20 of of IN 39831 376 21 the the DT 39831 376 22 surface surface NN 39831 376 23 - - HYPH 39831 376 24 tension tension NN 39831 376 25 just just RB 39831 376 26 as as IN 39831 376 27 does do VBZ 39831 376 28 a a DT 39831 376 29 soap soap NN 39831 376 30 - - HYPH 39831 376 31 bubble bubble NN 39831 376 32 , , , 39831 376 33 but but CC 39831 376 34 not not RB 39831 376 35 so so RB 39831 376 36 fast fast RB 39831 376 37 , , , 39831 376 38 since since IN 39831 376 39 the the DT 39831 376 40 walls wall NNS 39831 376 41 have have VBP 39831 376 42 only only RB 39831 376 43 a a DT 39831 376 44 horizontal horizontal JJ 39831 376 45 curvature curvature NN 39831 376 46 . . . 39831 377 1 If if IN 39831 377 2 the the DT 39831 377 3 wall wall NN 39831 377 4 is be VBZ 39831 377 5 thinner thinner NN 39831 377 6 above above IN 39831 377 7 than than IN 39831 377 8 below below RB 39831 377 9 , , , 39831 377 10 then then RB 39831 377 11 the the DT 39831 377 12 upper upper JJ 39831 377 13 part part NN 39831 377 14 will will MD 39831 377 15 contract contract VB 39831 377 16 faster fast RBR 39831 377 17 than than IN 39831 377 18 the the DT 39831 377 19 lower low JJR 39831 377 20 , , , 39831 377 21 through through IN 39831 377 22 there there EX 39831 377 23 being be VBG 39831 377 24 less less JJR 39831 377 25 liquid liquid NN 39831 377 26 to to TO 39831 377 27 accelerate accelerate VB 39831 377 28 . . . 39831 378 1 Now now RB 39831 378 2 the the DT 39831 378 3 supply supply NN 39831 378 4 of of IN 39831 378 5 liquid liquid NN 39831 378 6 is be VBZ 39831 378 7 from from IN 39831 378 8 below below RB 39831 378 9 , , , 39831 378 10 and and CC 39831 378 11 will will MD 39831 378 12 thicken thicken VB 39831 378 13 the the DT 39831 378 14 lower low JJR 39831 378 15 part part NN 39831 378 16 of of IN 39831 378 17 the the DT 39831 378 18 walls wall NNS 39831 378 19 first first RB 39831 378 20 , , , 39831 378 21 and and CC 39831 378 22 thus thus RB 39831 378 23 account account VBP 39831 378 24 for for IN 39831 378 25 the the DT 39831 378 26 faster fast JJR 39831 378 27 closing closing NN 39831 378 28 of of IN 39831 378 29 the the DT 39831 378 30 mouth mouth NN 39831 378 31 . . . 39831 379 1 On on IN 39831 379 2 the the DT 39831 379 3 other other JJ 39831 379 4 hand hand NN 39831 379 5 , , , 39831 379 6 the the DT 39831 379 7 uppermost uppermost JJ 39831 379 8 edge edge NN 39831 379 9 of of IN 39831 379 10 the the DT 39831 379 11 crater crater NN 39831 379 12 is be VBZ 39831 379 13 the the DT 39831 379 14 place place NN 39831 379 15 where where WRB 39831 379 16 the the DT 39831 379 17 checking check VBG 39831 379 18 influence influence NN 39831 379 19 of of IN 39831 379 20 the the DT 39831 379 21 surface surface NN 39831 379 22 - - HYPH 39831 379 23 tension tension NN 39831 379 24 on on IN 39831 379 25 the the DT 39831 379 26 upward upward JJ 39831 379 27 flow flow NN 39831 379 28 is be VBZ 39831 379 29 first first RB 39831 379 30 felt feel VBN 39831 379 31 , , , 39831 379 32 with with IN 39831 379 33 the the DT 39831 379 34 result result NN 39831 379 35 that that IN 39831 379 36 the the DT 39831 379 37 edge edge NN 39831 379 38 of of IN 39831 379 39 the the DT 39831 379 40 rim rim NN 39831 379 41 is be VBZ 39831 379 42 thickened thicken VBN 39831 379 43 by by IN 39831 379 44 the the DT 39831 379 45 influx influx NN 39831 379 46 from from IN 39831 379 47 below below RB 39831 379 48 , , , 39831 379 49 so so IN 39831 379 50 that that IN 39831 379 51 a a DT 39831 379 52 more more RBR 39831 379 53 or or CC 39831 379 54 less less RBR 39831 379 55 regular regular JJ 39831 379 56 rope rope NN 39831 379 57 - - HYPH 39831 379 58 like like JJ 39831 379 59 annulus annulus NNP 39831 379 60 is be VBZ 39831 379 61 formed form VBN 39831 379 62 round round IN 39831 379 63 the the DT 39831 379 64 edge edge NN 39831 379 65 . . . 39831 380 1 Now now RB 39831 380 2 calculation calculation NN 39831 380 3 shows show VBZ 39831 380 4 that that IN 39831 380 5 such such PDT 39831 380 6 an an DT 39831 380 7 annulus annulus NN 39831 380 8 , , , 39831 380 9 so so RB 39831 380 10 long long RB 39831 380 11 as as IN 39831 380 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 380 13 thickness thickness NN 39831 380 14 is be VBZ 39831 380 15 not not RB 39831 380 16 more more JJR 39831 380 17 than than IN 39831 380 18 1·61 1·61 NNP 39831 380 19 times time NNS 39831 380 20 the the DT 39831 380 21 thickness thickness NN 39831 380 22 of of IN 39831 380 23 the the DT 39831 380 24 wall wall NN 39831 380 25 below below RB 39831 380 26 , , , 39831 380 27 will will MD 39831 380 28 contract contract VB 39831 380 29 quicker quick RBR 39831 380 30 than than IN 39831 380 31 the the DT 39831 380 32 wall wall NN 39831 380 33 , , , 39831 380 34 and and CC 39831 380 35 this this DT 39831 380 36 will will MD 39831 380 37 tend tend VB 39831 380 38 to to TO 39831 380 39 close close VB 39831 380 40 the the DT 39831 380 41 crater crater NN 39831 380 42 , , , 39831 380 43 somewhat somewhat RB 39831 380 44 as as IN 39831 380 45 a a DT 39831 380 46 bag bag NN 39831 380 47 would would MD 39831 380 48 be be VB 39831 380 49 closed close VBN 39831 380 50 by by IN 39831 380 51 the the DT 39831 380 52 contraction contraction NN 39831 380 53 of of IN 39831 380 54 an an DT 39831 380 55 elastic elastic JJ 39831 380 56 cord cord NN 39831 380 57 round round IN 39831 380 58 the the DT 39831 380 59 mouth mouth NN 39831 380 60 . . . 39831 381 1 This this DT 39831 381 2 rope rope NN 39831 381 3 - - HYPH 39831 381 4 like like JJ 39831 381 5 thickening thickening NN 39831 381 6 of of IN 39831 381 7 the the DT 39831 381 8 edge edge NN 39831 381 9 is be VBZ 39831 381 10 to to TO 39831 381 11 be be VB 39831 381 12 seen see VBN 39831 381 13 in in IN 39831 381 14 Figs Figs NNP 39831 381 15 . . . 39831 382 1 5 5 CD 39831 382 2 and and CC 39831 382 3 7 7 CD 39831 382 4 , , , 39831 382 5 and and CC 39831 382 6 especially especially RB 39831 382 7 in in IN 39831 382 8 Figs Figs NNP 39831 382 9 . . . 39831 383 1 3 3 CD 39831 383 2 and and CC 39831 383 3 4 4 CD 39831 383 4 of of IN 39831 383 5 Series Series NNP 39831 383 6 III III NNP 39831 383 7 on on IN 39831 383 8 page page NN 39831 383 9 63 63 CD 39831 383 10 . . . 39831 384 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 384 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 384 3 : : : 39831 384 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 384 5 II II NNP 39831 384 6 Milk Milk NNP 39831 384 7 into into IN 39831 384 8 water water NN 39831 384 9 ( ( -LRB- 39831 384 10 100 100 CD 39831 384 11 cm cm NNS 39831 384 12 . . . 39831 385 1 fall fall VB 39831 385 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 385 3 . . . 39831 386 1 1 1 CD 39831 386 2 0·002 0·002 NNP 39831 386 3 sec sec NNP 39831 386 4 . . . 39831 387 1 2-a 2-a CD 39831 387 2 2 2 CD 39831 387 3 0·002 0·002 NNP 39831 387 4 sec sec NNP 39831 387 5 . . . 39831 388 1 3 3 CD 39831 388 2 0·002 0·002 NNP 39831 388 3 sec sec NNP 39831 388 4 . . . 39831 389 1 4 4 CD 39831 389 2 0·009 0·009 NNP 39831 389 3 sec sec NNP 39831 389 4 . . . 39831 390 1 5 5 CD 39831 390 2 0·018 0·018 NNP 39831 390 3 sec sec NNP 39831 390 4 . . . 39831 391 1 6 6 CD 39831 391 2 0·018 0·018 NNP 39831 391 3 sec sec NNP 39831 391 4 . . . 39831 392 1 7 7 CD 39831 392 2 0·039 0·039 NNP 39831 392 3 sec sec NNP 39831 392 4 . . . 39831 392 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 393 1 The the DT 39831 393 2 photographs photograph NNS 39831 393 3 9 9 CD 39831 393 4 , , , 39831 393 5 10 10 CD 39831 393 6 , , , 39831 393 7 and and CC 39831 393 8 11 11 CD 39831 393 9 ( ( -LRB- 39831 393 10 obtained obtain VBN 39831 393 11 after after IN 39831 393 12 adding add VBG 39831 393 13 a a DT 39831 393 14 little little JJ 39831 393 15 milk milk NN 39831 393 16 to to IN 39831 393 17 the the DT 39831 393 18 water water NN 39831 393 19 in in IN 39831 393 20 order order NN 39831 393 21 to to TO 39831 393 22 render render VB 39831 393 23 it -PRON- PRP 39831 393 24 more more RBR 39831 393 25 visible visible JJ 39831 393 26 ) ) -RRB- 39831 393 27 were be VBD 39831 393 28 at at IN 39831 393 29 first first RB 39831 393 30 very very RB 39831 393 31 puzzling puzzling JJ 39831 393 32 . . . 39831 394 1 What what WP 39831 394 2 happens happen VBZ 39831 394 3 is be VBZ 39831 394 4 that that IN 39831 394 5 the the DT 39831 394 6 bubble bubble NN 39831 394 7 sometimes sometimes RB 39831 394 8 reopens reopen VBZ 39831 394 9 very very RB 39831 394 10 soon soon RB 39831 394 11 ( ( -LRB- 39831 394 12 or or CC 39831 394 13 perhaps perhaps RB 39831 394 14 does do VBZ 39831 394 15 not not RB 39831 394 16 quite quite RB 39831 394 17 close close JJ 39831 394 18 ) ) -RRB- 39831 394 19 as as IN 39831 394 20 in in IN 39831 394 21 Fig Fig NNP 39831 394 22 . . . 39831 395 1 9 9 CD 39831 395 2 , , , 39831 395 3 and and CC 39831 395 4 makes make VBZ 39831 395 5 way way NN 39831 395 6 for for IN 39831 395 7 the the DT 39831 395 8 column column NN 39831 395 9 which which WDT 39831 395 10 rises rise VBZ 39831 395 11 from from IN 39831 395 12 the the DT 39831 395 13 base base NN 39831 395 14 exactly exactly RB 39831 395 15 as as IN 39831 395 16 in in IN 39831 395 17 the the DT 39831 395 18 previous previous JJ 39831 395 19 series series NN 39831 395 20 . . . 39831 396 1 This this DT 39831 396 2 column column NN 39831 396 3 may may MD 39831 396 4 be be VB 39831 396 5 dimly dimly RB 39831 396 6 seen see VBN 39831 396 7 through through IN 39831 396 8 the the DT 39831 396 9 walls wall NNS 39831 396 10 of of IN 39831 396 11 the the DT 39831 396 12 bubble bubble NN 39831 396 13 in in IN 39831 396 14 Fig Fig NNP 39831 396 15 . . . 39831 397 1 9 9 CD 39831 397 2 , , , 39831 397 3 and and CC 39831 397 4 No no UH 39831 397 5 . . . 39831 398 1 10 10 CD 39831 398 2 shows show VBZ 39831 398 3 the the DT 39831 398 4 column column NN 39831 398 5 alone alone RB 39831 398 6 , , , 39831 398 7 the the DT 39831 398 8 bubble bubble NN 39831 398 9 having have VBG 39831 398 10 opened open VBN 39831 398 11 early early RB 39831 398 12 and and CC 39831 398 13 receded recede VBN 39831 398 14 with with IN 39831 398 15 great great JJ 39831 398 16 velocity velocity NN 39831 398 17 , , , 39831 398 18 a a DT 39831 398 19 few few JJ 39831 398 20 drops drop NNS 39831 398 21 round round IN 39831 398 22 the the DT 39831 398 23 base base NN 39831 398 24 being be VBG 39831 398 25 all all DT 39831 398 26 that that WDT 39831 398 27 is be VBZ 39831 398 28 left leave VBN 39831 398 29 of of IN 39831 398 30 it -PRON- PRP 39831 398 31 . . . 39831 399 1 Nos nos UH 39831 399 2 . . . 39831 400 1 10-a 10-a LS 39831 400 2 and and CC 39831 400 3 10-b 10-b CD 39831 400 4 illustrate illustrate VB 39831 400 5 this this DT 39831 400 6 reopening reopen VBG 39831 400 7 . . . 39831 401 1 In in IN 39831 401 2 10-a 10-a CD 39831 401 3 the the DT 39831 401 4 milk milk NN 39831 401 5 - - HYPH 39831 401 6 drop drop NN 39831 401 7 was be VBD 39831 401 8 allowed allow VBN 39831 401 9 to to TO 39831 401 10 fall fall VB 39831 401 11 again again RB 39831 401 12 into into IN 39831 401 13 quite quite JJ 39831 401 14 pure pure JJ 39831 401 15 water water NN 39831 401 16 , , , 39831 401 17 and and CC 39831 401 18 the the DT 39831 401 19 photograph photograph NN 39831 401 20 shows show VBZ 39831 401 21 very very RB 39831 401 22 beautifully beautifully RB 39831 401 23 the the DT 39831 401 24 summit summit NN 39831 401 25 of of IN 39831 401 26 the the DT 39831 401 27 column column NN 39831 401 28 , , , 39831 401 29 with with IN 39831 401 30 the the DT 39831 401 31 original original JJ 39831 401 32 milk milk NN 39831 401 33 - - HYPH 39831 401 34 drop drop NN 39831 401 35 at at IN 39831 401 36 the the DT 39831 401 37 top top NN 39831 401 38 , , , 39831 401 39 emerging emerge VBG 39831 401 40 through through IN 39831 401 41 the the DT 39831 401 42 reopening reopen VBG 39831 401 43 mouth mouth NN 39831 401 44 of of IN 39831 401 45 the the DT 39831 401 46 bubble bubble NN 39831 401 47 ; ; : 39831 401 48 and and CC 39831 401 49 Fig Fig NNP 39831 401 50 . . . 39831 402 1 10-b 10-b CD 39831 402 2 shows show VBZ 39831 402 3 the the DT 39831 402 4 same same JJ 39831 402 5 at at IN 39831 402 6 a a DT 39831 402 7 very very RB 39831 402 8 slightly slightly RB 39831 402 9 later later JJ 39831 402 10 stage stage NN 39831 402 11 when when WRB 39831 402 12 the the DT 39831 402 13 bubble bubble NN 39831 402 14 has have VBZ 39831 402 15 completely completely RB 39831 402 16 retreated retreat VBN 39831 402 17 . . . 39831 403 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 403 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 403 3 : : : 39831 403 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 403 5 II--(_continued II--(_continued NNP 39831 403 6 _ _ NNP 39831 403 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 403 8 8 8 CD 39831 403 9 0·054 0·054 NNP 39831 403 10 sec sec NNP 39831 403 11 . . . 39831 404 1 9 9 CD 39831 404 2 0·085 0·085 NNP 39831 404 3 sec sec NNP 39831 404 4 . . . 39831 405 1 10 10 CD 39831 405 2 0·105 0·105 NNP 39831 405 3 sec sec NNP 39831 405 4 . . . 39831 406 1 10-a 10-a LS 39831 406 2 0·103 0·103 NNP 39831 406 3 sec sec NNP 39831 406 4 . . . 39831 407 1 10-b 10-b LS 39831 407 2 0·111 0·111 NNP 39831 407 3 sec sec NNP 39831 407 4 . . . 39831 407 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 408 1 In in IN 39831 408 2 Fig Fig NNP 39831 408 3 . . . 39831 409 1 11 11 CD 39831 409 2 the the DT 39831 409 3 bubble bubble NN 39831 409 4 has have VBZ 39831 409 5 been be VBN 39831 409 6 too too RB 39831 409 7 firmly firmly RB 39831 409 8 closed closed JJ 39831 409 9 to to TO 39831 409 10 reopen reopen VB 39831 409 11 , , , 39831 409 12 and and CC 39831 409 13 the the DT 39831 409 14 summit summit NN 39831 409 15 has have VBZ 39831 409 16 been be VBN 39831 409 17 struck strike VBN 39831 409 18 by by IN 39831 409 19 the the DT 39831 409 20 column column NN 39831 409 21 within within IN 39831 409 22 . . . 39831 410 1 The the DT 39831 410 2 next next JJ 39831 410 3 figure figure NN 39831 410 4 ( ( -LRB- 39831 410 5 No no UH 39831 410 6 . . . 39831 411 1 12 12 CD 39831 411 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 411 3 shows show VBZ 39831 411 4 how how WRB 39831 411 5 in in IN 39831 411 6 such such PDT 39831 411 7 a a DT 39831 411 8 case case NN 39831 411 9 the the DT 39831 411 10 emergent emergent JJ 39831 411 11 column column NN 39831 411 12 becomes become VBZ 39831 411 13 entangled entangle VBN 39831 411 14 in in IN 39831 411 15 the the DT 39831 411 16 liquid liquid NN 39831 411 17 of of IN 39831 411 18 the the DT 39831 411 19 bubble bubble NN 39831 411 20 when when WRB 39831 411 21 it -PRON- PRP 39831 411 22 bursts burst VBZ 39831 411 23 . . . 39831 412 1 Under under IN 39831 412 2 the the DT 39831 412 3 influence influence NN 39831 412 4 , , , 39831 412 5 however however RB 39831 412 6 , , , 39831 412 7 of of IN 39831 412 8 the the DT 39831 412 9 surface surface NN 39831 412 10 - - HYPH 39831 412 11 tension tension NN 39831 412 12 , , , 39831 412 13 which which WDT 39831 412 14 pushes push VBZ 39831 412 15 back back RP 39831 412 16 the the DT 39831 412 17 protuberances protuberance NNS 39831 412 18 and and CC 39831 412 19 pulls pull VBZ 39831 412 20 out out RP 39831 412 21 the the DT 39831 412 22 hollows hollow NNS 39831 412 23 , , , 39831 412 24 regularity regularity NN 39831 412 25 of of IN 39831 412 26 form form NN 39831 412 27 is be VBZ 39831 412 28 soon soon RB 39831 412 29 regained regain VBN 39831 412 30 . . . 39831 413 1 Thus thus RB 39831 413 2 Fig Fig NNP 39831 413 3 . . . 39831 414 1 13 13 CD 39831 414 2 shows show VBZ 39831 414 3 the the DT 39831 414 4 emergent emergent JJ 39831 414 5 columns column NNS 39831 414 6 at at IN 39831 414 7 a a DT 39831 414 8 later later JJ 39831 414 9 stage stage NN 39831 414 10 after after IN 39831 414 11 such such PDT 39831 414 12 an an DT 39831 414 13 encounter encounter NN 39831 414 14 , , , 39831 414 15 already already RB 39831 414 16 much much RB 39831 414 17 more more RBR 39831 414 18 symmetrical symmetrical JJ 39831 414 19 ; ; : 39831 414 20 and and CC 39831 414 21 the the DT 39831 414 22 subsequent subsequent JJ 39831 414 23 photographs photograph NNS 39831 414 24 ( ( -LRB- 39831 414 25 for for IN 39831 414 26 which which WDT 39831 414 27 a a DT 39831 414 28 good good JJ 39831 414 29 deal deal NN 39831 414 30 of of IN 39831 414 31 milk milk NN 39831 414 32 was be VBD 39831 414 33 added add VBN 39831 414 34 for for IN 39831 414 35 the the DT 39831 414 36 sake sake NN 39831 414 37 of of IN 39831 414 38 greater great JJR 39831 414 39 visibility visibility NN 39831 414 40 ) ) -RRB- 39831 414 41 show show VBP 39831 414 42 a a DT 39831 414 43 column column NN 39831 414 44 of of IN 39831 414 45 uniformly uniformly RB 39831 414 46 sedate sedate JJ 39831 414 47 and and CC 39831 414 48 respectable respectable JJ 39831 414 49 rotundity rotundity NN 39831 414 50 , , , 39831 414 51 betraying betray VBG 39831 414 52 no no DT 39831 414 53 traces trace NNS 39831 414 54 of of IN 39831 414 55 any any DT 39831 414 56 youthful youthful JJ 39831 414 57 irregularities irregularity NNS 39831 414 58 . . . 39831 415 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 415 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 415 3 : : : 39831 415 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 415 5 II--(_continued II--(_continued NNP 39831 415 6 _ _ NNP 39831 415 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 415 8 11 11 CD 39831 415 9 0·105 0·105 NNP 39831 415 10 sec sec NNP 39831 415 11 . . . 39831 416 1 12 12 CD 39831 416 2 0·095 0·095 NNP 39831 416 3 sec sec NNP 39831 416 4 . . . 39831 417 1 13 13 CD 39831 417 2 0·113 0â·113 CD 39831 417 3 sec sec NNP 39831 417 4 . . . 39831 418 1 14 14 CD 39831 418 2 0·132 0â·132 NN 39831 418 3 sec sec NNP 39831 418 4 . . . 39831 419 1 15 15 CD 39831 419 2 0·194 0·194 NNP 39831 419 3 sec sec NNP 39831 419 4 . . . 39831 419 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 420 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 420 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 420 3 : : : 39831 420 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 420 5 II--(_continued II--(_continued NNP 39831 420 6 _ _ NNP 39831 420 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 420 8 16 16 CD 39831 420 9 0·217 0â·217 CD 39831 420 10 sec sec NNP 39831 420 11 . . . 39831 421 1 17 17 CD 39831 421 2 0·240 0·240 NNP 39831 421 3 sec sec NNP 39831 421 4 . . . 39831 422 1 18 18 CD 39831 422 2 0·272 0â·272 NN 39831 422 3 sec sec NNP 39831 422 4 . . . 39831 423 1 19 19 CD 39831 423 2 0·311 0·311 NNP 39831 423 3 sec sec NNP 39831 423 4 . . . 39831 423 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 424 1 Series Series NNP 39831 424 2 III III NNP 39831 424 3 shows show VBZ 39831 424 4 the the DT 39831 424 5 effect effect NN 39831 424 6 of of IN 39831 424 7 still still RB 39831 424 8 further further RB 39831 424 9 increasing increase VBG 39831 424 10 the the DT 39831 424 11 height height NN 39831 424 12 of of IN 39831 424 13 fall fall NN 39831 424 14 of of IN 39831 424 15 the the DT 39831 424 16 water water NN 39831 424 17 - - HYPH 39831 424 18 drop drop NN 39831 424 19 ( ( -LRB- 39831 424 20 to to IN 39831 424 21 137 137 CD 39831 424 22 cm cm NNS 39831 424 23 . . NN 39831 424 24 , , , 39831 424 25 or or CC 39831 424 26 about about RB 39831 424 27 4 4 CD 39831 424 28 ft ft NN 39831 424 29 . . NN 39831 424 30 6 6 CD 39831 424 31 in in IN 39831 424 32 . . . 39831 425 1 ) ) -RRB- 39831 425 2 , , , 39831 425 3 and and CC 39831 425 4 at at IN 39831 425 5 the the DT 39831 425 6 same same JJ 39831 425 7 time time NN 39831 425 8 doubling double VBG 39831 425 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 425 10 volume volume NN 39831 425 11 so so IN 39831 425 12 that that IN 39831 425 13 it -PRON- PRP 39831 425 14 now now RB 39831 425 15 weighs weigh VBZ 39831 425 16 ·4 ·4 NNP 39831 425 17 gram gram NNP 39831 425 18 . . . 39831 426 1 The the DT 39831 426 2 crater crater NN 39831 426 3 now now RB 39831 426 4 closes close VBZ 39831 426 5 in in IN 39831 426 6 about about IN 39831 426 7 18/1000 18/1000 CD 39831 426 8 of of IN 39831 426 9 a a DT 39831 426 10 second second JJ 39831 426 11 , , , 39831 426 12 and and CC 39831 426 13 forms form VBZ 39831 426 14 a a DT 39831 426 15 comparatively comparatively RB 39831 426 16 permanent permanent JJ 39831 426 17 bubble bubble NN 39831 426 18 . . . 39831 427 1 The the DT 39831 427 2 rope rope NN 39831 427 3 - - HYPH 39831 427 4 like like JJ 39831 427 5 thickening thickening NN 39831 427 6 of of IN 39831 427 7 the the DT 39831 427 8 edge edge NN 39831 427 9 , , , 39831 427 10 already already RB 39831 427 11 alluded allude VBN 39831 427 12 to to IN 39831 427 13 , , , 39831 427 14 is be VBZ 39831 427 15 well well RB 39831 427 16 seen see VBN 39831 427 17 in in IN 39831 427 18 Figs Figs NNP 39831 427 19 . . . 39831 428 1 3 3 CD 39831 428 2 and and CC 39831 428 3 4 4 CD 39831 428 4 . . . 39831 429 1 In in IN 39831 429 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 429 3 earlier early JJR 39831 429 4 stages stage NNS 39831 429 5 the the DT 39831 429 6 bubble bubble NN 39831 429 7 is be VBZ 39831 429 8 thick thick JJ 39831 429 9 - - HYPH 39831 429 10 walled walled JJ 39831 429 11 , , , 39831 429 12 rough rough JJ 39831 429 13 , , , 39831 429 14 and and CC 39831 429 15 furrowed furrow VBD 39831 429 16 , , , 39831 429 17 but but CC 39831 429 18 becomes become VBZ 39831 429 19 smoother smooth JJR 39831 429 20 and and CC 39831 429 21 thinner thin JJR 39831 429 22 the the DT 39831 429 23 longer long JJR 39831 429 24 it -PRON- PRP 39831 429 25 lasts last VBZ 39831 429 26 , , , 39831 429 27 both both CC 39831 429 28 because because IN 39831 429 29 the the DT 39831 429 30 liquid liquid NN 39831 429 31 drains drain VBZ 39831 429 32 down down IN 39831 429 33 the the DT 39831 429 34 sides side NNS 39831 429 35 and and CC 39831 429 36 because because IN 39831 429 37 it -PRON- PRP 39831 429 38 becomes become VBZ 39831 429 39 more more RBR 39831 429 40 uniformly uniformly RB 39831 429 41 distributed distribute VBN 39831 429 42 under under IN 39831 429 43 the the DT 39831 429 44 equalizing equalizing NN 39831 429 45 influence influence NN 39831 429 46 of of IN 39831 429 47 the the DT 39831 429 48 surface surface NN 39831 429 49 - - HYPH 39831 429 50 tension tension NN 39831 429 51 . . . 39831 430 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 430 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 430 3 : : : 39831 430 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 430 5 III iii CD 39831 430 6 Water Water NNP 39831 430 7 - - HYPH 39831 430 8 drop drop VB 39831 430 9 weighing weigh VBG 39831 430 10 0·4 0â·4 NN 39831 430 11 grams gram NNS 39831 430 12 falling fall VBG 39831 430 13 137 137 CD 39831 430 14 cm cm NNS 39831 430 15 . . . 39831 431 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 431 2 4 4 CD 39831 431 3 - - SYM 39831 431 4 1/2 1/2 CD 39831 431 5 feet foot NNS 39831 431 6 ) ) -RRB- 39831 431 7 into into IN 39831 431 8 milk milk NN 39831 431 9 mixed mix VBN 39831 431 10 with with IN 39831 431 11 water water NN 39831 431 12 . . . 39831 432 1 Scale scale NN 39831 432 2 1/2 1/2 CD 39831 432 3 . . . 39831 433 1 1 1 CD 39831 433 2 T t NN 39831 433 3 = = SYM 39831 433 4 0 0 CD 39831 433 5 2 2 CD 39831 433 6 0·005 0â·005 NN 39831 433 7 sec sec NNP 39831 433 8 . . . 39831 434 1 3 3 LS 39831 434 2 0·016 0â·016 CD 39831 434 3 sec sec NNP 39831 434 4 . . . 39831 435 1 4 4 CD 39831 435 2 0·019 0·019 NNP 39831 435 3 sec sec NNP 39831 435 4 . . . 39831 435 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 436 1 Such such PDT 39831 436 2 a a DT 39831 436 3 bubble bubble NN 39831 436 4 may may MD 39831 436 5 remain remain VB 39831 436 6 long long RB 39831 436 7 closed closed JJ 39831 436 8 , , , 39831 436 9 as as IN 39831 436 10 in in IN 39831 436 11 Fig Fig NNP 39831 436 12 . . . 39831 437 1 8 8 LS 39831 437 2 , , , 39831 437 3 becoming become VBG 39831 437 4 every every DT 39831 437 5 moment moment NN 39831 437 6 more more RBR 39831 437 7 delicate delicate JJ 39831 437 8 and and CC 39831 437 9 exquisite exquisite JJ 39831 437 10 , , , 39831 437 11 or or CC 39831 437 12 it -PRON- PRP 39831 437 13 may may MD 39831 437 14 open open VB 39831 437 15 at at IN 39831 437 16 an an DT 39831 437 17 even even RB 39831 437 18 earlier early JJR 39831 437 19 stage stage NN 39831 437 20 , , , 39831 437 21 as as IN 39831 437 22 in in IN 39831 437 23 Fig Fig NNP 39831 437 24 . . . 39831 438 1 9 9 CD 39831 438 2 . . . 39831 439 1 There there EX 39831 439 2 is be VBZ 39831 439 3 a a DT 39831 439 4 characteristic characteristic JJ 39831 439 5 difference difference NN 39831 439 6 between between IN 39831 439 7 the the DT 39831 439 8 arms arm NNS 39831 439 9 of of IN 39831 439 10 a a DT 39831 439 11 closing closing NN 39831 439 12 and and CC 39831 439 13 of of IN 39831 439 14 an an DT 39831 439 15 opening opening NN 39831 439 16 bubble bubble NN 39831 439 17 . . . 39831 440 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 440 2 will will MD 39831 440 3 be be VB 39831 440 4 noticed notice VBN 39831 440 5 that that IN 39831 440 6 up up IN 39831 440 7 to to IN 39831 440 8 the the DT 39831 440 9 moment moment NN 39831 440 10 of of IN 39831 440 11 closing close VBG 39831 440 12 the the DT 39831 440 13 arms arm NNS 39831 440 14 slope slope NN 39831 440 15 outwards outward NNS 39831 440 16 . . . 39831 441 1 The the DT 39831 441 2 upper upper JJ 39831 441 3 portions portion NNS 39831 441 4 have have VBP 39831 441 5 been be VBN 39831 441 6 projected project VBN 39831 441 7 at at IN 39831 441 8 an an DT 39831 441 9 earlier early JJR 39831 441 10 stage stage NN 39831 441 11 when when WRB 39831 441 12 the the DT 39831 441 13 mouth mouth NN 39831 441 14 of of IN 39831 441 15 the the DT 39831 441 16 crater crater NN 39831 441 17 was be VBD 39831 441 18 wider wider RBR 39831 441 19 open open JJ 39831 441 20 and and CC 39831 441 21 the the DT 39831 441 22 flow flow NN 39831 441 23 was be VBD 39831 441 24 either either CC 39831 441 25 actually actually RB 39831 441 26 outwards outward NNS 39831 441 27 or or CC 39831 441 28 more more RBR 39831 441 29 nearly nearly RB 39831 441 30 vertical vertical JJ 39831 441 31 ; ; : 39831 441 32 then then RB 39831 441 33 as as IN 39831 441 34 the the DT 39831 441 35 mouth mouth NN 39831 441 36 contracts contract VBZ 39831 441 37 the the DT 39831 441 38 arms arm NNS 39831 441 39 are be VBP 39831 441 40 left leave VBN 39831 441 41 behind behind RB 39831 441 42 in in IN 39831 441 43 the the DT 39831 441 44 upper upper JJ 39831 441 45 parts part NNS 39831 441 46 . . . 39831 442 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 442 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 442 3 : : : 39831 442 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 442 5 III--(_continued iii--(_continued CD 39831 442 6 _ _ NNP 39831 442 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 442 8 5 5 CD 39831 442 9 0·017 0·017 NNP 39831 442 10 sec sec NNP 39831 442 11 . . . 39831 443 1 6 6 CD 39831 443 2 0·020 0â·020 NN 39831 443 3 sec sec NNP 39831 443 4 . . . 39831 444 1 7 7 CD 39831 444 2 0·036 0·036 NNP 39831 444 3 sec sec NNP 39831 444 4 . . . 39831 445 1 8 8 CD 39831 445 2 0·053 0·053 NNP 39831 445 3 sec sec NNP 39831 445 4 . . . 39831 445 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 446 1 In in IN 39831 446 2 an an DT 39831 446 3 opening opening NN 39831 446 4 bubble bubble NN 39831 446 5 , , , 39831 446 6 on on IN 39831 446 7 the the DT 39831 446 8 other other JJ 39831 446 9 hand hand NN 39831 446 10 , , , 39831 446 11 the the DT 39831 446 12 arms arm NNS 39831 446 13 are be VBP 39831 446 14 at at IN 39831 446 15 first first JJ 39831 446 16 vertical vertical JJ 39831 446 17 , , , 39831 446 18 and and CC 39831 446 19 later later RB 39831 446 20 have have VB 39831 446 21 the the DT 39831 446 22 very very RB 39831 446 23 characteristic characteristic JJ 39831 446 24 inward inward JJ 39831 446 25 slope slope NN 39831 446 26 of of IN 39831 446 27 the the DT 39831 446 28 last last JJ 39831 446 29 figure figure NN 39831 446 30 , , , 39831 446 31 which which WDT 39831 446 32 is be VBZ 39831 446 33 also also RB 39831 446 34 well well RB 39831 446 35 seen see VBN 39831 446 36 in in IN 39831 446 37 Fig Fig NNP 39831 446 38 . . . 39831 447 1 10-a 10-a CD 39831 447 2 of of IN 39831 447 3 the the DT 39831 447 4 last last JJ 39831 447 5 series series NN 39831 447 6 . . . 39831 448 1 Here here RB 39831 448 2 the the DT 39831 448 3 edge edge NN 39831 448 4 of of IN 39831 448 5 the the DT 39831 448 6 opened open VBN 39831 448 7 bubble bubble NN 39831 448 8 retreats retreat NNS 39831 448 9 outwards outward NNS 39831 448 10 and and CC 39831 448 11 downwards downwards RB 39831 448 12 , , , 39831 448 13 leaving leave VBG 39831 448 14 the the DT 39831 448 15 arms arm NNS 39831 448 16 behind behind RB 39831 448 17 . . . 39831 449 1 Such such JJ 39831 449 2 is be VBZ 39831 449 3 the the DT 39831 449 4 origin origin NN 39831 449 5 of of IN 39831 449 6 the the DT 39831 449 7 bubbles bubble NNS 39831 449 8 raised raise VBN 39831 449 9 by by IN 39831 449 10 the the DT 39831 449 11 big big JJ 39831 449 12 drops drop NNS 39831 449 13 of of IN 39831 449 14 a a DT 39831 449 15 thunder thunder NN 39831 449 16 shower shower NN 39831 449 17 on on IN 39831 449 18 the the DT 39831 449 19 surface surface NN 39831 449 20 of of IN 39831 449 21 a a DT 39831 449 22 pool pool NN 39831 449 23 . . . 39831 450 1 The the DT 39831 450 2 building building NN 39831 450 3 of of IN 39831 450 4 each each DT 39831 450 5 fairy fairy NN 39831 450 6 dome dome NN 39831 450 7 is be VBZ 39831 450 8 accomplished accomplish VBN 39831 450 9 in in IN 39831 450 10 less less JJR 39831 450 11 than than IN 39831 450 12 two two CD 39831 450 13 - - HYPH 39831 450 14 hundredths hundredth NNS 39831 450 15 of of IN 39831 450 16 a a DT 39831 450 17 second second JJ 39831 450 18 , , , 39831 450 19 and and CC 39831 450 20 before before IN 39831 450 21 one one CD 39831 450 22 - - HYPH 39831 450 23 tenth tenth NN 39831 450 24 of of IN 39831 450 25 a a DT 39831 450 26 second second NN 39831 450 27 has have VBZ 39831 450 28 elapsed elapse VBN 39831 450 29 the the DT 39831 450 30 whole whole JJ 39831 450 31 construction construction NN 39831 450 32 may may MD 39831 450 33 have have VB 39831 450 34 vanished vanish VBN 39831 450 35 . . . 39831 451 1 One one PRP 39831 451 2 can can MD 39831 451 3 almost almost RB 39831 451 4 regret regret VB 39831 451 5 that that DT 39831 451 6 so so RB 39831 451 7 beautiful beautiful PDT 39831 451 8 a a DT 39831 451 9 process process NN 39831 451 10 should should MD 39831 451 11 have have VB 39831 451 12 been be VBN 39831 451 13 so so RB 39831 451 14 long long RB 39831 451 15 unwatched unwatched JJ 39831 451 16 . . . 39831 452 1 To to TO 39831 452 2 build build VB 39831 452 3 these these DT 39831 452 4 bubbles bubble NNS 39831 452 5 a a DT 39831 452 6 large large JJ 39831 452 7 drop drop NN 39831 452 8 is be VBZ 39831 452 9 essential essential JJ 39831 452 10 . . . 39831 453 1 With with IN 39831 453 2 a a DT 39831 453 3 drop drop NN 39831 453 4 weighing weigh VBG 39831 453 5 only only RB 39831 453 6 0·4 0â·4 NN 39831 453 7 of of IN 39831 453 8 a a DT 39831 453 9 gram gram NN 39831 453 10 , , , 39831 453 11 even even RB 39831 453 12 though though IN 39831 453 13 it -PRON- PRP 39831 453 14 fall fall VBP 39831 453 15 from from IN 39831 453 16 a a DT 39831 453 17 height height NN 39831 453 18 of of IN 39831 453 19 177 177 CD 39831 453 20 cm cm NNS 39831 453 21 . . . 39831 453 22 , , , 39831 453 23 there there EX 39831 453 24 is be VBZ 39831 453 25 no no DT 39831 453 26 bubble bubble NN 39831 453 27 , , , 39831 453 28 and and CC 39831 453 29 the the DT 39831 453 30 splash splash NN 39831 453 31 is be VBZ 39831 453 32 almost almost RB 39831 453 33 exactly exactly RB 39831 453 34 that that DT 39831 453 35 of of IN 39831 453 36 Series Series NNP 39831 453 37 I I NNP 39831 453 38 - - : 39831 453 39 a a DT 39831 453 40 . . . 39831 454 1 The the DT 39831 454 2 exact exact JJ 39831 454 3 time time NN 39831 454 4 required require VBN 39831 454 5 for for IN 39831 454 6 the the DT 39831 454 7 closing closing NN 39831 454 8 of of IN 39831 454 9 the the DT 39831 454 10 bubble bubble NN 39831 454 11 probably probably RB 39831 454 12 depends depend VBZ 39831 454 13 a a DT 39831 454 14 good good JJ 39831 454 15 deal deal NN 39831 454 16 on on IN 39831 454 17 the the DT 39831 454 18 phase phase NN 39831 454 19 of of IN 39831 454 20 oscillation oscillation NN 39831 454 21 of of IN 39831 454 22 the the DT 39831 454 23 drop drop NN 39831 454 24 at at IN 39831 454 25 the the DT 39831 454 26 moment moment NN 39831 454 27 of of IN 39831 454 28 entry entry NN 39831 454 29 , , , 39831 454 30 and and CC 39831 454 31 , , , 39831 454 32 as as IN 39831 454 33 already already RB 39831 454 34 observed observe VBN 39831 454 35 , , , 39831 454 36 a a DT 39831 454 37 big big JJ 39831 454 38 drop drop NN 39831 454 39 , , , 39831 454 40 which which WDT 39831 454 41 lies lie VBZ 39831 454 42 very very RB 39831 454 43 flat flat RB 39831 454 44 in in IN 39831 454 45 the the DT 39831 454 46 dropping dropping NN 39831 454 47 cup cup NN 39831 454 48 , , , 39831 454 49 is be VBZ 39831 454 50 set set VBN 39831 454 51 vibrating vibrate VBG 39831 454 52 more more RBR 39831 454 53 strongly strongly RB 39831 454 54 on on IN 39831 454 55 liberation liberation NN 39831 454 56 than than IN 39831 454 57 a a DT 39831 454 58 small small JJ 39831 454 59 one one CD 39831 454 60 . . . 39831 455 1 We -PRON- PRP 39831 455 2 shall shall MD 39831 455 3 see see VB 39831 455 4 in in IN 39831 455 5 Chapter Chapter NNP 39831 455 6 VII VII NNP 39831 455 7 that that IN 39831 455 8 the the DT 39831 455 9 impact impact NN 39831 455 10 of of IN 39831 455 11 a a DT 39831 455 12 rough rough JJ 39831 455 13 solid solid JJ 39831 455 14 sphere sphere NN 39831 455 15 , , , 39831 455 16 if if IN 39831 455 17 falling fall VBG 39831 455 18 from from IN 39831 455 19 a a DT 39831 455 20 sufficient sufficient JJ 39831 455 21 height height NN 39831 455 22 , , , 39831 455 23 produces produce VBZ 39831 455 24 a a DT 39831 455 25 very very RB 39831 455 26 exquisite exquisite JJ 39831 455 27 bubble bubble NN 39831 455 28 ; ; : 39831 455 29 in in IN 39831 455 30 this this DT 39831 455 31 case case NN 39831 455 32 irregularities irregularitie VBZ 39831 455 33 due due JJ 39831 455 34 to to IN 39831 455 35 oscillation oscillation NN 39831 455 36 are be VBP 39831 455 37 absent absent JJ 39831 455 38 , , , 39831 455 39 and and CC 39831 455 40 the the DT 39831 455 41 closing closing NN 39831 455 42 can can MD 39831 455 43 be be VB 39831 455 44 timed time VBN 39831 455 45 with with IN 39831 455 46 greater great JJR 39831 455 47 precision precision NN 39831 455 48 . . . 39831 456 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 456 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 456 3 : : : 39831 456 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 456 5 III--(_continued iii--(_continued CD 39831 456 6 _ _ NNP 39831 456 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 456 8 9 9 CD 39831 456 9 0·040 0â·040 NN 39831 456 10 sec sec NNP 39831 456 11 . . . 39831 457 1 10 10 CD 39831 457 2 0·046 0â·046 NN 39831 457 3 sec sec NNP 39831 457 4 . . . 39831 458 1 11 11 CD 39831 458 2 0·070 0â·070 NN 39831 458 3 sec sec NNP 39831 458 4 . . . 39831 458 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 459 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 459 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 459 3 : : : 39831 459 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 459 5 . . . 39831 460 1 16 16 CD 39831 460 2 Arrangement arrangement NN 39831 460 3 for for IN 39831 460 4 taking take VBG 39831 460 5 photographs photograph NNS 39831 460 6 below below IN 39831 460 7 the the DT 39831 460 8 surface surface NN 39831 460 9 of of IN 39831 460 10 the the DT 39831 460 11 liquid liquid NN 39831 460 12 . . . 39831 460 13 ] ] -RRB- 39831 461 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 461 2 VI VI NNP 39831 461 3 BELOW below RB 39831 461 4 THE the DT 39831 461 5 SURFACE[F surface[f NN 39831 461 6 ] ] -RRB- 39831 461 7 Our -PRON- PRP$ 39831 461 8 investigation investigation NN 39831 461 9 has have VBZ 39831 461 10 so so RB 39831 461 11 far far RB 39831 461 12 been be VBN 39831 461 13 limited limit VBN 39831 461 14 to to IN 39831 461 15 what what WP 39831 461 16 we -PRON- PRP 39831 461 17 can can MD 39831 461 18 see see VB 39831 461 19 from from IN 39831 461 20 above above IN 39831 461 21 the the DT 39831 461 22 surface surface NN 39831 461 23 of of IN 39831 461 24 the the DT 39831 461 25 liquid liquid NN 39831 461 26 ; ; : 39831 461 27 nor nor CC 39831 461 28 perhaps perhaps RB 39831 461 29 would would MD 39831 461 30 it -PRON- PRP 39831 461 31 occur occur VB 39831 461 32 to to IN 39831 461 33 any any DT 39831 461 34 one one NN 39831 461 35 acquainted acquaint VBN 39831 461 36 only only RB 39831 461 37 with with IN 39831 461 38 so so RB 39831 461 39 much much RB 39831 461 40 as as IN 39831 461 41 we -PRON- PRP 39831 461 42 have have VBP 39831 461 43 yet yet RB 39831 461 44 examined examine VBN 39831 461 45 that that IN 39831 461 46 it -PRON- PRP 39831 461 47 might may MD 39831 461 48 be be VB 39831 461 49 worth worth JJ 39831 461 50 while while IN 39831 461 51 to to TO 39831 461 52 look look VB 39831 461 53 below below IN 39831 461 54 the the DT 39831 461 55 general general JJ 39831 461 56 level level NN 39831 461 57 of of IN 39831 461 58 the the DT 39831 461 59 surface surface NN 39831 461 60 . . . 39831 462 1 The the DT 39831 462 2 discovery discovery NN 39831 462 3 , , , 39831 462 4 however however RB 39831 462 5 , , , 39831 462 6 that that IN 39831 462 7 when when WRB 39831 462 8 the the DT 39831 462 9 splash splash NN 39831 462 10 is be VBZ 39831 462 11 made make VBN 39831 462 12 by by IN 39831 462 13 a a DT 39831 462 14 solid solid JJ 39831 462 15 sphere sphere NN 39831 462 16 very very RB 39831 462 17 remarkable remarkable JJ 39831 462 18 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39831 462 19 , , , 39831 462 20 which which WDT 39831 462 21 will will MD 39831 462 22 be be VB 39831 462 23 described describe VBN 39831 462 24 in in IN 39831 462 25 the the DT 39831 462 26 next next JJ 39831 462 27 chapter chapter NN 39831 462 28 , , , 39831 462 29 take take VB 39831 462 30 place place NN 39831 462 31 below below IN 39831 462 32 the the DT 39831 462 33 surface surface NN 39831 462 34 , , , 39831 462 35 led lead VBD 39831 462 36 at at IN 39831 462 37 a a DT 39831 462 38 much much RB 39831 462 39 later later JJ 39831 462 40 date date NN 39831 462 41 to to IN 39831 462 42 a a DT 39831 462 43 similar similar JJ 39831 462 44 examination examination NN 39831 462 45 in in IN 39831 462 46 the the DT 39831 462 47 case case NN 39831 462 48 of of IN 39831 462 49 a a DT 39831 462 50 liquid liquid JJ 39831 462 51 drop drop NN 39831 462 52 . . . 39831 463 1 A a DT 39831 463 2 suitable suitable JJ 39831 463 3 arrangement arrangement NN 39831 463 4 of of IN 39831 463 5 the the DT 39831 463 6 apparatus apparatus NN 39831 463 7 in in IN 39831 463 8 the the DT 39831 463 9 dark dark JJ 39831 463 10 room room NN 39831 463 11 is be VBZ 39831 463 12 shown show VBN 39831 463 13 in in IN 39831 463 14 the the DT 39831 463 15 accompanying accompanying JJ 39831 463 16 diagram diagram NN 39831 463 17 ( ( -LRB- 39831 463 18 Fig fig NN 39831 463 19 . . . 39831 464 1 16 16 CD 39831 464 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 464 3 . . . 39831 465 1 The the DT 39831 465 2 water water NN 39831 465 3 into into IN 39831 465 4 which which WDT 39831 465 5 the the DT 39831 465 6 drop drop NN 39831 465 7 is be VBZ 39831 465 8 to to TO 39831 465 9 fall fall VB 39831 465 10 is be VBZ 39831 465 11 placed place VBN 39831 465 12 in in IN 39831 465 13 a a DT 39831 465 14 thin thin JJ 39831 465 15 glass glass NN 39831 465 16 vessel vessel NN 39831 465 17 AB AB NNP 39831 465 18 , , , 39831 465 19 with with IN 39831 465 20 parallel parallel JJ 39831 465 21 sides side NNS 39831 465 22 . . . 39831 466 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 466 2 An an DT 39831 466 3 inverted invert VBN 39831 466 4 clock clock NN 39831 466 5 - - HYPH 39831 466 6 shade shade NN 39831 466 7 makes make VBZ 39831 466 8 a a DT 39831 466 9 very very RB 39831 466 10 convenient convenient JJ 39831 466 11 vessel vessel NN 39831 466 12 . . . 39831 466 13 ) ) -RRB- 39831 467 1 The the DT 39831 467 2 water water NN 39831 467 3 fills fill VBZ 39831 467 4 the the DT 39831 467 5 vessel vessel NN 39831 467 6 to to IN 39831 467 7 the the DT 39831 467 8 brim brim NN 39831 467 9 , , , 39831 467 10 and and CC 39831 467 11 is be VBZ 39831 467 12 allowed allow VBN 39831 467 13 to to TO 39831 467 14 overflow overflow VB 39831 467 15 it -PRON- PRP 39831 467 16 in in IN 39831 467 17 a a DT 39831 467 18 steady steady JJ 39831 467 19 stream stream NN 39831 467 20 , , , 39831 467 21 thus thus RB 39831 467 22 presenting present VBG 39831 467 23 a a DT 39831 467 24 surface surface NN 39831 467 25 which which WDT 39831 467 26 , , , 39831 467 27 being be VBG 39831 467 28 perpetually perpetually RB 39831 467 29 renewed renew VBN 39831 467 30 , , , 39831 467 31 is be VBZ 39831 467 32 maintained maintain VBN 39831 467 33 perfectly perfectly RB 39831 467 34 clean clean JJ 39831 467 35 . . . 39831 468 1 Close close RB 39831 468 2 behind behind IN 39831 468 3 the the DT 39831 468 4 vessel vessel NN 39831 468 5 is be VBZ 39831 468 6 a a DT 39831 468 7 plate plate NN 39831 468 8 P p NN 39831 468 9 of of IN 39831 468 10 finely finely RB 39831 468 11 roughened roughen VBN 39831 468 12 glass glass NN 39831 468 13 , , , 39831 468 14 on on IN 39831 468 15 which which WDT 39831 468 16 the the DT 39831 468 17 light light NN 39831 468 18 from from IN 39831 468 19 the the DT 39831 468 20 spark spark NN 39831 468 21 - - HYPH 39831 468 22 gap gap NN 39831 468 23 F F NNP 39831 468 24 , , , 39831 468 25 in in IN 39831 468 26 front front NN 39831 468 27 of of IN 39831 468 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 468 29 concave concave NNP 39831 468 30 reflector reflector NN 39831 468 31 M M NNP 39831 468 32 , , , 39831 468 33 is be VBZ 39831 468 34 thrown throw VBN 39831 468 35 by by IN 39831 468 36 means mean NNS 39831 468 37 of of IN 39831 468 38 the the DT 39831 468 39 condenser condenser NN 39831 468 40 lens lens NN 39831 468 41 L L NNP 39831 468 42 taken take VBN 39831 468 43 from from IN 39831 468 44 an an DT 39831 468 45 optical optical JJ 39831 468 46 lantern lantern NN 39831 468 47 . . . 39831 469 1 This this DT 39831 469 2 provides provide VBZ 39831 469 3 a a DT 39831 469 4 very very RB 39831 469 5 uniformly uniformly RB 39831 469 6 illuminated illuminate VBN 39831 469 7 background background NN 39831 469 8 against against IN 39831 469 9 which which WDT 39831 469 10 the the DT 39831 469 11 splash splash NN 39831 469 12 is be VBZ 39831 469 13 viewed view VBN 39831 469 14 by by IN 39831 469 15 means mean NNS 39831 469 16 of of IN 39831 469 17 the the DT 39831 469 18 camera camera NN 39831 469 19 C C NNP 39831 469 20 , , , 39831 469 21 whose whose WP$ 39831 469 22 optic optic JJ 39831 469 23 axis axi NNS 39831 469 24 is be VBZ 39831 469 25 horizontal horizontal JJ 39831 469 26 , , , 39831 469 27 either either CC 39831 469 28 a a DT 39831 469 29 little little JJ 39831 469 30 below below IN 39831 469 31 the the DT 39831 469 32 level level NN 39831 469 33 of of IN 39831 469 34 the the DT 39831 469 35 liquid liquid JJ 39831 469 36 surface surface NN 39831 469 37 or or CC 39831 469 38 at at IN 39831 469 39 that that DT 39831 469 40 level level NN 39831 469 41 . . . 39831 470 1 By by IN 39831 470 2 having have VBG 39831 470 3 it -PRON- PRP 39831 470 4 just just RB 39831 470 5 at at IN 39831 470 6 the the DT 39831 470 7 level level NN 39831 470 8 of of IN 39831 470 9 the the DT 39831 470 10 surface surface NN 39831 470 11 we -PRON- PRP 39831 470 12 secure secure VBP 39831 470 13 simultaneous simultaneous JJ 39831 470 14 pictures picture NNS 39831 470 15 of of IN 39831 470 16 what what WP 39831 470 17 is be VBZ 39831 470 18 going go VBG 39831 470 19 on on IN 39831 470 20 both both CC 39831 470 21 above above IN 39831 470 22 and and CC 39831 470 23 below below IN 39831 470 24 the the DT 39831 470 25 surface surface NN 39831 470 26 . . . 39831 471 1 There there EX 39831 471 2 is be VBZ 39831 471 3 , , , 39831 471 4 to to TO 39831 471 5 be be VB 39831 471 6 sure sure JJ 39831 471 7 , , , 39831 471 8 a a DT 39831 471 9 narrow narrow JJ 39831 471 10 band band NN 39831 471 11 or or CC 39831 471 12 region region NN 39831 471 13 of of IN 39831 471 14 confusion confusion NN 39831 471 15 stretching stretch VBG 39831 471 16 across across IN 39831 471 17 the the DT 39831 471 18 photographs photograph NNS 39831 471 19 in in IN 39831 471 20 which which WDT 39831 471 21 the the DT 39831 471 22 images image NNS 39831 471 23 obtained obtain VBN 39831 471 24 by by IN 39831 471 25 reflection reflection NN 39831 471 26 , , , 39831 471 27 both both CC 39831 471 28 external external JJ 39831 471 29 and and CC 39831 471 30 internal internal JJ 39831 471 31 , , , 39831 471 32 overlap overlap VB 39831 471 33 the the DT 39831 471 34 direct direct JJ 39831 471 35 images image NNS 39831 471 36 , , , 39831 471 37 and and CC 39831 471 38 it -PRON- PRP 39831 471 39 should should MD 39831 471 40 also also RB 39831 471 41 be be VB 39831 471 42 mentioned mention VBN 39831 471 43 that that IN 39831 471 44 the the DT 39831 471 45 two two CD 39831 471 46 pictures picture NNS 39831 471 47 will will MD 39831 471 48 not not RB 39831 471 49 be be VB 39831 471 50 quite quite RB 39831 471 51 in in IN 39831 471 52 focus focus NN 39831 471 53 together together RB 39831 471 54 , , , 39831 471 55 for for IN 39831 471 56 the the DT 39831 471 57 optical optical JJ 39831 471 58 effect effect NN 39831 471 59 of of IN 39831 471 60 the the DT 39831 471 61 water water NN 39831 471 62 , , , 39831 471 63 through through IN 39831 471 64 which which WDT 39831 471 65 the the DT 39831 471 66 part part NN 39831 471 67 below below IN 39831 471 68 the the DT 39831 471 69 surface surface NN 39831 471 70 is be VBZ 39831 471 71 viewed view VBN 39831 471 72 , , , 39831 471 73 is be VBZ 39831 471 74 to to TO 39831 471 75 bring bring VB 39831 471 76 the the DT 39831 471 77 image image NN 39831 471 78 forward forward RB 39831 471 79 . . . 39831 472 1 The the DT 39831 472 2 photographs photograph NNS 39831 472 3 of of IN 39831 472 4 Series Series NNP 39831 472 5 IV IV NNP 39831 472 6 were be VBD 39831 472 7 obtained obtain VBN 39831 472 8 in in IN 39831 472 9 this this DT 39831 472 10 way way NN 39831 472 11 from from IN 39831 472 12 the the DT 39831 472 13 splash splash NN 39831 472 14 of of IN 39831 472 15 a a DT 39831 472 16 drop drop NN 39831 472 17 of of IN 39831 472 18 water water NN 39831 472 19 weighing weigh VBG 39831 472 20 0·176 0·176 NNP 39831 472 21 grams gram NNS 39831 472 22 falling fall VBG 39831 472 23 40 40 CD 39831 472 24 cm cm NNS 39831 472 25 . . . 39831 473 1 into into IN 39831 473 2 water water NN 39831 473 3 . . . 39831 474 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 474 2 The the DT 39831 474 3 same same JJ 39831 474 4 splash splash NN 39831 474 5 as as IN 39831 474 6 that that DT 39831 474 7 of of IN 39831 474 8 Series Series NNP 39831 474 9 I I NNP 39831 474 10 - - HYPH 39831 474 11 a a NNP 39831 474 12 . . . 39831 474 13 ) ) -RRB- 39831 475 1 The the DT 39831 475 2 perfectly perfectly RB 39831 475 3 spherical spherical JJ 39831 475 4 form form NN 39831 475 5 presented present VBN 39831 475 6 by by IN 39831 475 7 the the DT 39831 475 8 cavity cavity NN 39831 475 9 below below IN 39831 475 10 the the DT 39831 475 11 surface surface NN 39831 475 12 is be VBZ 39831 475 13 very very RB 39831 475 14 remarkable remarkable JJ 39831 475 15 . . . 39831 476 1 In in IN 39831 476 2 the the DT 39831 476 3 present present JJ 39831 476 4 case case NN 39831 476 5 , , , 39831 476 6 this this DT 39831 476 7 spherical spherical JJ 39831 476 8 cavity cavity NN 39831 476 9 when when WRB 39831 476 10 at at IN 39831 476 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 476 12 deepest deep JJS 39831 476 13 , , , 39831 476 14 as as IN 39831 476 15 in in IN 39831 476 16 Fig Fig NNP 39831 476 17 . . . 39831 477 1 5 5 CD 39831 477 2 , , , 39831 477 3 would would MD 39831 477 4 contain contain VB 39831 477 5 about about RB 39831 477 6 fifty fifty CD 39831 477 7 of of IN 39831 477 8 the the DT 39831 477 9 original original JJ 39831 477 10 drops drop NNS 39831 477 11 , , , 39831 477 12 and and CC 39831 477 13 in in IN 39831 477 14 other other JJ 39831 477 15 cases case NNS 39831 477 16 -- -- : 39831 477 17 e.g e.g NNP 39831 477 18 . . . 39831 478 1 with with IN 39831 478 2 a a DT 39831 478 3 drop drop NN 39831 478 4 of of IN 39831 478 5 1/4 1/4 CD 39831 478 6 the the DT 39831 478 7 volume volume NN 39831 478 8 , , , 39831 478 9 falling fall VBG 39831 478 10 from from IN 39831 478 11 177 177 CD 39831 478 12 cm.--the cm.--the NNP 39831 478 13 cavity cavity NN 39831 478 14 would would MD 39831 478 15 contain contain VB 39831 478 16 as as RB 39831 478 17 many many JJ 39831 478 18 as as IN 39831 478 19 360 360 CD 39831 478 20 of of IN 39831 478 21 the the DT 39831 478 22 original original JJ 39831 478 23 drops drop NNS 39831 478 24 . . . 39831 479 1 In in IN 39831 479 2 Figs fig NNS 39831 479 3 . . . 39831 480 1 5 5 CD 39831 480 2 , , , 39831 480 3 6 6 CD 39831 480 4 , , , 39831 480 5 and and CC 39831 480 6 7 7 CD 39831 480 7 the the DT 39831 480 8 depth depth NN 39831 480 9 of of IN 39831 480 10 the the DT 39831 480 11 cavity cavity NN 39831 480 12 is be VBZ 39831 480 13 nearly nearly RB 39831 480 14 constant constant JJ 39831 480 15 , , , 39831 480 16 but but CC 39831 480 17 the the DT 39831 480 18 diameter diameter NN 39831 480 19 is be VBZ 39831 480 20 steadily steadily RB 39831 480 21 increasing increase VBG 39831 480 22 . . . 39831 481 1 The the DT 39831 481 2 spherical spherical JJ 39831 481 3 form form NN 39831 481 4 , , , 39831 481 5 however however RB 39831 481 6 , , , 39831 481 7 is be VBZ 39831 481 8 still still RB 39831 481 9 maintained maintain VBN 39831 481 10 . . . 39831 482 1 The the DT 39831 482 2 last last JJ 39831 482 3 figure figure NN 39831 482 4 shows show VBZ 39831 482 5 the the DT 39831 482 6 central central JJ 39831 482 7 column column NN 39831 482 8 just just RB 39831 482 9 beginning begin VBG 39831 482 10 to to TO 39831 482 11 rise rise VB 39831 482 12 . . . 39831 483 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 483 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 483 3 : : : 39831 483 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 483 5 IV IV NNP 39831 483 6 The the DT 39831 483 7 splash splash NN 39831 483 8 of of IN 39831 483 9 Series Series NNP 39831 483 10 I I NNP 39831 483 11 - - : 39831 483 12 a a DT 39831 483 13 viewed view VBN 39831 483 14 below below IN 39831 483 15 the the DT 39831 483 16 surface surface NN 39831 483 17 . . . 39831 484 1 1 1 CD 39831 484 2 2 2 CD 39831 484 3 T t NN 39831 484 4 = = SYM 39831 484 5 0 0 CD 39831 484 6 3 3 CD 39831 484 7 0·009 0·009 NNP 39831 484 8 sec sec NNP 39831 484 9 . . . 39831 485 1 4 4 CD 39831 485 2 0·012 0·012 NNP 39831 485 3 sec sec NNP 39831 485 4 . . . 39831 486 1 5 5 CD 39831 486 2 0·016 0â·016 CD 39831 486 3 sec sec NNP 39831 486 4 . . . 39831 487 1 6 6 CD 39831 487 2 0·023 0·023 NNP 39831 487 3 sec sec NNP 39831 487 4 . . . 39831 488 1 7 7 CD 39831 488 2 0·039 0·039 NNP 39831 488 3 sec sec NNP 39831 488 4 . . . 39831 489 1 8 8 CD 39831 489 2 0·055 0â·055 NN 39831 489 3 sec sec NNP 39831 489 4 . . . 39831 490 1 9 9 CD 39831 490 2 0·070 0â·070 NN 39831 490 3 sec sec NNP 39831 490 4 . . . 39831 490 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 491 1 There there EX 39831 491 2 can can MD 39831 491 3 be be VB 39831 491 4 no no DT 39831 491 5 doubt doubt NN 39831 491 6 that that IN 39831 491 7 the the DT 39831 491 8 liquid liquid NN 39831 491 9 of of IN 39831 491 10 the the DT 39831 491 11 original original JJ 39831 491 12 drop drop NN 39831 491 13 is be VBZ 39831 491 14 spread spread VBN 39831 491 15 out out RP 39831 491 16 in in IN 39831 491 17 an an DT 39831 491 18 excessively excessively RB 39831 491 19 thin thin JJ 39831 491 20 lining lining NN 39831 491 21 over over IN 39831 491 22 the the DT 39831 491 23 interior interior NN 39831 491 24 of of IN 39831 491 25 this this DT 39831 491 26 sphere sphere NN 39831 491 27 . . . 39831 492 1 The the DT 39831 492 2 reader reader NN 39831 492 3 has have VBZ 39831 492 4 seen see VBN 39831 492 5 for for IN 39831 492 6 himself -PRON- PRP 39831 492 7 part part NN 39831 492 8 of of IN 39831 492 9 the the DT 39831 492 10 evidence evidence NN 39831 492 11 in in IN 39831 492 12 the the DT 39831 492 13 streaks streak NNS 39831 492 14 of of IN 39831 492 15 milk milk NN 39831 492 16 that that WDT 39831 492 17 are be VBP 39831 492 18 carried carry VBN 39831 492 19 up up RP 39831 492 20 the the DT 39831 492 21 inner inner JJ 39831 492 22 walls wall NNS 39831 492 23 of of IN 39831 492 24 the the DT 39831 492 25 crater crater NN 39831 492 26 when when WRB 39831 492 27 a a DT 39831 492 28 milk milk NN 39831 492 29 - - HYPH 39831 492 30 drop drop NN 39831 492 31 falls fall VBZ 39831 492 32 into into IN 39831 492 33 water water NN 39831 492 34 ( ( -LRB- 39831 492 35 Series Series NNP 39831 492 36 II II NNP 39831 492 37 ) ) -RRB- 39831 492 38 ; ; : 39831 492 39 in in IN 39831 492 40 the the DT 39831 492 41 streaks streak NNS 39831 492 42 of of IN 39831 492 43 lamp lamp NN 39831 492 44 - - HYPH 39831 492 45 black black JJ 39831 492 46 that that WDT 39831 492 47 are be VBP 39831 492 48 carried carry VBN 39831 492 49 there there RB 39831 492 50 when when WRB 39831 492 51 the the DT 39831 492 52 drop drop NN 39831 492 53 is be VBZ 39831 492 54 of of IN 39831 492 55 milk milk NN 39831 492 56 , , , 39831 492 57 and and CC 39831 492 58 it -PRON- PRP 39831 492 59 may may MD 39831 492 60 here here RB 39831 492 61 be be VB 39831 492 62 mentioned mention VBN 39831 492 63 that that IN 39831 492 64 other other JJ 39831 492 65 photographs photograph NNS 39831 492 66 that that WDT 39831 492 67 can can MD 39831 492 68 not not RB 39831 492 69 be be VB 39831 492 70 reproduced reproduce VBN 39831 492 71 here here RB 39831 492 72 have have VB 39831 492 73 enabled enable VBN 39831 492 74 me -PRON- PRP 39831 492 75 to to TO 39831 492 76 trace trace VB 39831 492 77 the the DT 39831 492 78 gradual gradual JJ 39831 492 79 deformation deformation NN 39831 492 80 of of IN 39831 492 81 the the DT 39831 492 82 drop drop NN 39831 492 83 into into IN 39831 492 84 this this DT 39831 492 85 thin thin JJ 39831 492 86 layer layer NN 39831 492 87 and and CC 39831 492 88 show show VBP 39831 492 89 that that IN 39831 492 90 it -PRON- PRP 39831 492 91 passes pass VBZ 39831 492 92 through through IN 39831 492 93 configurations configuration NNS 39831 492 94 like like IN 39831 492 95 Figs Figs NNPS 39831 492 96 . . . 39831 493 1 17 17 CD 39831 493 2 , , , 39831 493 3 18 18 CD 39831 493 4 , , , 39831 493 5 and and CC 39831 493 6 19 19 CD 39831 493 7 . . . 39831 494 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 494 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 494 3 : : : 39831 494 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 494 5 . . . 39831 495 1 17 17 CD 39831 495 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 495 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 495 4 Illustration illustration NN 39831 495 5 : : : 39831 495 6 FIG FIG NNP 39831 495 7 . . . 39831 496 1 18 18 CD 39831 496 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 496 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 496 4 Illustration illustration NN 39831 496 5 : : : 39831 496 6 FIG FIG NNP 39831 496 7 . . . 39831 497 1 19 19 LS 39831 497 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 497 3 It -PRON- PRP 39831 497 4 appears appear VBZ 39831 497 5 possible possible JJ 39831 497 6 that that IN 39831 497 7 the the DT 39831 497 8 study study NN 39831 497 9 of of IN 39831 497 10 this this DT 39831 497 11 remarkable remarkable JJ 39831 497 12 spherical spherical JJ 39831 497 13 excavation excavation NN 39831 497 14 may may MD 39831 497 15 afford afford VB 39831 497 16 a a DT 39831 497 17 clue clue NN 39831 497 18 that that WDT 39831 497 19 will will MD 39831 497 20 lead lead VB 39831 497 21 to to IN 39831 497 22 a a DT 39831 497 23 solution solution NN 39831 497 24 of of IN 39831 497 25 the the DT 39831 497 26 very very RB 39831 497 27 difficult difficult JJ 39831 497 28 hydro hydro NNP 39831 497 29 - - HYPH 39831 497 30 dynamical dynamical JJ 39831 497 31 questions question NNS 39831 497 32 involved involve VBN 39831 497 33 , , , 39831 497 34 and and CC 39831 497 35 the the DT 39831 497 36 matter matter NN 39831 497 37 is be VBZ 39831 497 38 still still RB 39831 497 39 being be VBG 39831 497 40 investigated investigate VBN 39831 497 41 . . . 39831 498 1 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 39831 498 2 : : : 39831 498 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 498 4 F f NN 39831 498 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 498 6 The the DT 39831 498 7 information information NN 39831 498 8 conveyed convey VBN 39831 498 9 in in IN 39831 498 10 this this DT 39831 498 11 chapter chapter NN 39831 498 12 was be VBD 39831 498 13 first first RB 39831 498 14 published publish VBN 39831 498 15 in in IN 39831 498 16 a a DT 39831 498 17 communication communication NN 39831 498 18 to to IN 39831 498 19 the the DT 39831 498 20 Mathematical Mathematical NNP 39831 498 21 and and CC 39831 498 22 Physical Physical NNP 39831 498 23 Section Section NNP 39831 498 24 of of IN 39831 498 25 the the DT 39831 498 26 British British NNP 39831 498 27 Association Association NNP 39831 498 28 at at IN 39831 498 29 Leicester Leicester NNP 39831 498 30 in in IN 39831 498 31 1907 1907 CD 39831 498 32 . . . 39831 499 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39831 499 2 VII vii NN 39831 499 3 THE the DT 39831 499 4 TWO two CD 39831 499 5 KINDS kind NNS 39831 499 6 OF of IN 39831 499 7 SPLASHES splashes NN 39831 499 8 OF of IN 39831 499 9 SOLID solid NN 39831 499 10 SPHERES SPHERES NNP 39831 499 11 In in IN 39831 499 12 the the DT 39831 499 13 present present JJ 39831 499 14 chapter chapter NN 39831 499 15 will will MD 39831 499 16 be be VB 39831 499 17 described describe VBN 39831 499 18 the the DT 39831 499 19 splash splash NN 39831 499 20 that that WDT 39831 499 21 follows follow VBZ 39831 499 22 the the DT 39831 499 23 entry entry NN 39831 499 24 of of IN 39831 499 25 a a DT 39831 499 26 _ _ NNP 39831 499 27 solid solid JJ 39831 499 28 _ _ NNP 39831 499 29 sphere sphere NN 39831 499 30 falling fall VBG 39831 499 31 vertically vertically RB 39831 499 32 into into IN 39831 499 33 a a DT 39831 499 34 liquid liquid NN 39831 499 35 from from IN 39831 499 36 a a DT 39831 499 37 small small JJ 39831 499 38 height height NN 39831 499 39 , , , 39831 499 40 and and CC 39831 499 41 I -PRON- PRP 39831 499 42 should should MD 39831 499 43 like like VB 39831 499 44 to to TO 39831 499 45 persuade persuade VB 39831 499 46 the the DT 39831 499 47 reader reader NN 39831 499 48 , , , 39831 499 49 if if IN 39831 499 50 possible possible JJ 39831 499 51 before before IN 39831 499 52 he -PRON- PRP 39831 499 53 begins begin VBZ 39831 499 54 to to TO 39831 499 55 read read VB 39831 499 56 , , , 39831 499 57 or or CC 39831 499 58 at at IN 39831 499 59 any any DT 39831 499 60 rate rate NN 39831 499 61 afterwards afterwards RB 39831 499 62 , , , 39831 499 63 to to TO 39831 499 64 make make VB 39831 499 65 a a DT 39831 499 66 very very RB 39831 499 67 simple simple JJ 39831 499 68 experiment experiment NN 39831 499 69 . . . 39831 500 1 Let let VB 39831 500 2 a a DT 39831 500 3 few few JJ 39831 500 4 child child NN 39831 500 5 's 's POS 39831 500 6 marbles marble NNS 39831 500 7 be be VB 39831 500 8 taken take VBN 39831 500 9 -- -- : 39831 500 10 not not RB 39831 500 11 glass glass NN 39831 500 12 " " '' 39831 500 13 marbles marble NNS 39831 500 14 , , , 39831 500 15 " " '' 39831 500 16 for for IN 39831 500 17 these these DT 39831 500 18 are be VBP 39831 500 19 seldom seldom RB 39831 500 20 round round JJ 39831 500 21 enough enough RB 39831 500 22 or or CC 39831 500 23 smooth smooth JJ 39831 500 24 enough enough RB 39831 500 25 , , , 39831 500 26 but but CC 39831 500 27 what what WP 39831 500 28 are be VBP 39831 500 29 sold sell VBN 39831 500 30 in in IN 39831 500 31 the the DT 39831 500 32 toy toy NN 39831 500 33 - - HYPH 39831 500 34 shops shop NNS 39831 500 35 as as IN 39831 500 36 " " `` 39831 500 37 stone stone NN 39831 500 38 " " '' 39831 500 39 marbles marble NNS 39831 500 40 -- -- : 39831 500 41 and and CC 39831 500 42 let let VB 39831 500 43 one one CD 39831 500 44 of of IN 39831 500 45 these these DT 39831 500 46 be be VB 39831 500 47 well well RB 39831 500 48 rubbed rubbed JJ 39831 500 49 and and CC 39831 500 50 polished polish VBD 39831 500 51 with with IN 39831 500 52 a a DT 39831 500 53 dry dry JJ 39831 500 54 handkerchief handkerchief NN 39831 500 55 , , , 39831 500 56 and and CC 39831 500 57 then then RB 39831 500 58 dropped drop VBD 39831 500 59 from from IN 39831 500 60 a a DT 39831 500 61 height height NN 39831 500 62 of of IN 39831 500 63 about about RB 39831 500 64 30 30 CD 39831 500 65 cm cm NNS 39831 500 66 . . NNP 39831 500 67 , , , 39831 500 68 or or CC 39831 500 69 , , , 39831 500 70 say say UH 39831 500 71 , , , 39831 500 72 1 1 CD 39831 500 73 foot foot NN 39831 500 74 , , , 39831 500 75 into into IN 39831 500 76 a a DT 39831 500 77 deep deep JJ 39831 500 78 bowl bowl NN 39831 500 79 or or CC 39831 500 80 basin basin NN 39831 500 81 of of IN 39831 500 82 water water NN 39831 500 83 , , , 39831 500 84 the the DT 39831 500 85 bottom bottom NN 39831 500 86 of of IN 39831 500 87 which which WDT 39831 500 88 may may MD 39831 500 89 be be VB 39831 500 90 conveniently conveniently RB 39831 500 91 protected protect VBN 39831 500 92 from from IN 39831 500 93 breakage breakage NN 39831 500 94 by by IN 39831 500 95 a a DT 39831 500 96 few few JJ 39831 500 97 folds fold NNS 39831 500 98 of of IN 39831 500 99 fine fine JJ 39831 500 100 copper copper NN 39831 500 101 gauze gauze NN 39831 500 102 . . . 39831 501 1 If if IN 39831 501 2 the the DT 39831 501 3 polishing polishing NN 39831 501 4 has have VBZ 39831 501 5 been be VBN 39831 501 6 good good JJ 39831 501 7 , , , 39831 501 8 and and CC 39831 501 9 the the DT 39831 501 10 surface surface NN 39831 501 11 of of IN 39831 501 12 the the DT 39831 501 13 sphere sphere NN 39831 501 14 has have VBZ 39831 501 15 not not RB 39831 501 16 been be VBN 39831 501 17 dimmed dim VBN 39831 501 18 by by IN 39831 501 19 subsequent subsequent JJ 39831 501 20 handling handling NN 39831 501 21 with with IN 39831 501 22 hot hot JJ 39831 501 23 or or CC 39831 501 24 greasy greasy JJ 39831 501 25 fingers finger NNS 39831 501 26 , , , 39831 501 27 it -PRON- PRP 39831 501 28 will will MD 39831 501 29 be be VB 39831 501 30 observed observe VBN 39831 501 31 that that IN 39831 501 32 the the DT 39831 501 33 splash splash NN 39831 501 34 is be VBZ 39831 501 35 singularly singularly RB 39831 501 36 insignificant insignificant JJ 39831 501 37 , , , 39831 501 38 the the DT 39831 501 39 sphere sphere NN 39831 501 40 slipping slip VBG 39831 501 41 noiselessly noiselessly RB 39831 501 42 into into IN 39831 501 43 the the DT 39831 501 44 liquid liquid NN 39831 501 45 with with IN 39831 501 46 very very RB 39831 501 47 little little JJ 39831 501 48 disturbance disturbance NN 39831 501 49 of of IN 39831 501 50 the the DT 39831 501 51 surface surface NN 39831 501 52 . . . 39831 502 1 But but CC 39831 502 2 if if IN 39831 502 3 the the DT 39831 502 4 same same JJ 39831 502 5 sphere sphere NN 39831 502 6 be be VB 39831 502 7 fished fish VBN 39831 502 8 out out IN 39831 502 9 of of IN 39831 502 10 the the DT 39831 502 11 water water NN 39831 502 12 , , , 39831 502 13 and and CC 39831 502 14 again again RB 39831 502 15 let let VB 39831 502 16 fall fall VB 39831 502 17 from from IN 39831 502 18 the the DT 39831 502 19 same same JJ 39831 502 20 height height NN 39831 502 21 without without IN 39831 502 22 being be VBG 39831 502 23 first first RB 39831 502 24 dried dry VBN 39831 502 25 , , , 39831 502 26 or or CC 39831 502 27 , , , 39831 502 28 better well RBR 39831 502 29 still still RB 39831 502 30 , , , 39831 502 31 if if IN 39831 502 32 another another DT 39831 502 33 marble marble NN 39831 502 34 be be VB 39831 502 35 taken take VBN 39831 502 36 , , , 39831 502 37 which which WDT 39831 502 38 has have VBZ 39831 502 39 been be VBN 39831 502 40 previously previously RB 39831 502 41 roughened roughen VBN 39831 502 42 with with IN 39831 502 43 sand sand NN 39831 502 44 - - HYPH 39831 502 45 paper paper NN 39831 502 46 , , , 39831 502 47 the the DT 39831 502 48 resulting result VBG 39831 502 49 splash splash NN 39831 502 50 is be VBZ 39831 502 51 totally totally RB 39831 502 52 different different JJ 39831 502 53 . . . 39831 503 1 There there EX 39831 503 2 is be VBZ 39831 503 3 now now RB 39831 503 4 a a DT 39831 503 5 noise noise NN 39831 503 6 of of IN 39831 503 7 bubbles bubble NNS 39831 503 8 , , , 39831 503 9 which which WDT 39831 503 10 may may MD 39831 503 11 be be VB 39831 503 12 seen see VBN 39831 503 13 rising rise VBG 39831 503 14 through through IN 39831 503 15 the the DT 39831 503 16 liquid liquid NN 39831 503 17 , , , 39831 503 18 and and CC 39831 503 19 a a DT 39831 503 20 tall tall JJ 39831 503 21 jet jet NN 39831 503 22 is be VBZ 39831 503 23 seen see VBN 39831 503 24 to to TO 39831 503 25 be be VB 39831 503 26 tossed toss VBN 39831 503 27 into into IN 39831 503 28 the the DT 39831 503 29 air air NN 39831 503 30 . . . 39831 504 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 504 2 1 1 LS 39831 504 3 ) ) -RRB- 39831 504 4 THE the DT 39831 504 5 SPLASH splash NN 39831 504 6 OF of IN 39831 504 7 A a DT 39831 504 8 ROUGH rough JJ 39831 504 9 SPHERE SPHERE NNS 39831 504 10 . . . 39831 505 1 To to TO 39831 505 2 understand understand VB 39831 505 3 the the DT 39831 505 4 cause cause NN 39831 505 5 of of IN 39831 505 6 this this DT 39831 505 7 really really RB 39831 505 8 surprising surprising JJ 39831 505 9 difference difference NN 39831 505 10 we -PRON- PRP 39831 505 11 must must MD 39831 505 12 turn turn VB 39831 505 13 to to IN 39831 505 14 the the DT 39831 505 15 photographic photographic JJ 39831 505 16 record record NN 39831 505 17 , , , 39831 505 18 and and CC 39831 505 19 we -PRON- PRP 39831 505 20 will will MD 39831 505 21 take take VB 39831 505 22 first first RB 39831 505 23 the the DT 39831 505 24 case case NN 39831 505 25 of of IN 39831 505 26 a a DT 39831 505 27 rough rough JJ 39831 505 28 sphere sphere NN 39831 505 29 falling fall VBG 39831 505 30 into into IN 39831 505 31 water water NN 39831 505 32 to to TO 39831 505 33 which which WDT 39831 505 34 milk milk NN 39831 505 35 has have VBZ 39831 505 36 been be VBN 39831 505 37 added add VBN 39831 505 38 for for IN 39831 505 39 the the DT 39831 505 40 sake sake NN 39831 505 41 of of IN 39831 505 42 clearness clearness NN 39831 505 43 in in IN 39831 505 44 the the DT 39831 505 45 photographs photograph NNS 39831 505 46 . . . 39831 506 1 The the DT 39831 506 2 diameter diameter NN 39831 506 3 of of IN 39831 506 4 the the DT 39831 506 5 sphere sphere NN 39831 506 6 was be VBD 39831 506 7 1·5 1·5 NNP 39831 506 8 cm cm NNS 39831 506 9 . . . 39831 507 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 507 2 or or CC 39831 507 3 3/5 3/5 CD 39831 507 4 inch inch NN 39831 507 5 ) ) -RRB- 39831 507 6 , , , 39831 507 7 and and CC 39831 507 8 the the DT 39831 507 9 height height NN 39831 507 10 of of IN 39831 507 11 fall fall NNP 39831 507 12 15 15 CD 39831 507 13 cm cm NNP 39831 507 14 . . NNP 39831 507 15 , , , 39831 507 16 or or CC 39831 507 17 just just RB 39831 507 18 about about RB 39831 507 19 6 6 CD 39831 507 20 inches inch NNS 39831 507 21 . . . 39831 508 1 The the DT 39831 508 2 sphere sphere NN 39831 508 3 on on IN 39831 508 4 each each DT 39831 508 5 occasion occasion NN 39831 508 6 was be VBD 39831 508 7 fished fish VBN 39831 508 8 out out RB 39831 508 9 , , , 39831 508 10 redried redrie VBN 39831 508 11 , , , 39831 508 12 and and CC 39831 508 13 re re RB 39831 508 14 - - VBN 39831 508 15 roughened roughen VBN 39831 508 16 with with IN 39831 508 17 sand- sand- NN 39831 508 18 or or CC 39831 508 19 emery emery NN 39831 508 20 - - HYPH 39831 508 21 paper paper NN 39831 508 22 . . . 39831 509 1 Examination examination NN 39831 509 2 of of IN 39831 509 3 the the DT 39831 509 4 first first JJ 39831 509 5 photographs photograph NNS 39831 509 6 of of IN 39831 509 7 Series Series NNP 39831 509 8 V V NNP 39831 509 9 shows show VBZ 39831 509 10 that that IN 39831 509 11 the the DT 39831 509 12 liquid liquid NN 39831 509 13 , , , 39831 509 14 instead instead RB 39831 509 15 of of IN 39831 509 16 flowing flow VBG 39831 509 17 over over RB 39831 509 18 and and CC 39831 509 19 wetting wet VBG 39831 509 20 the the DT 39831 509 21 surface surface NN 39831 509 22 of of IN 39831 509 23 the the DT 39831 509 24 sphere sphere NN 39831 509 25 , , , 39831 509 26 is be VBZ 39831 509 27 driven drive VBN 39831 509 28 violently violently RB 39831 509 29 away away RB 39831 509 30 , , , 39831 509 31 so so IN 39831 509 32 that that IN 39831 509 33 as as RB 39831 509 34 far far RB 39831 509 35 as as IN 39831 509 36 can can MD 39831 509 37 be be VB 39831 509 38 seen see VBN 39831 509 39 from from IN 39831 509 40 above above IN 39831 509 41 the the DT 39831 509 42 upper upper JJ 39831 509 43 portion portion NN 39831 509 44 is be VBZ 39831 509 45 , , , 39831 509 46 at at IN 39831 509 47 first first RB 39831 509 48 at at IN 39831 509 49 any any DT 39831 509 50 rate rate NN 39831 509 51 , , , 39831 509 52 unwetted unwetted JJ 39831 509 53 by by IN 39831 509 54 the the DT 39831 509 55 liquid liquid NN 39831 509 56 . . . 39831 510 1 The the DT 39831 510 2 crater crater NN 39831 510 3 that that WDT 39831 510 4 is be VBZ 39831 510 5 subsequently subsequently RB 39831 510 6 formed form VBN 39831 510 7 is be VBZ 39831 510 8 very very RB 39831 510 9 similar similar JJ 39831 510 10 to to IN 39831 510 11 that that DT 39831 510 12 which which WDT 39831 510 13 was be VBD 39831 510 14 thrown throw VBN 39831 510 15 by by IN 39831 510 16 the the DT 39831 510 17 liquid liquid JJ 39831 510 18 drop drop NN 39831 510 19 in in IN 39831 510 20 Series Series NNP 39831 510 21 I I NNP 39831 510 22 , , , 39831 510 23 the the DT 39831 510 24 main main JJ 39831 510 25 difference difference NN 39831 510 26 being be VBG 39831 510 27 that that IN 39831 510 28 in in IN 39831 510 29 the the DT 39831 510 30 present present NN 39831 510 31 - - HYPH 39831 510 32 case case NN 39831 510 33 the the DT 39831 510 34 crater crater NN 39831 510 35 is be VBZ 39831 510 36 thinner thin JJR 39831 510 37 in in IN 39831 510 38 the the DT 39831 510 39 wall wall NN 39831 510 40 and and CC 39831 510 41 more more RBR 39831 510 42 regular regular JJ 39831 510 43 . . . 39831 511 1 This this DT 39831 511 2 greater great JJR 39831 511 3 regularity regularity NN 39831 511 4 is be VBZ 39831 511 5 chiefly chiefly JJ 39831 511 6 to to TO 39831 511 7 be be VB 39831 511 8 attributed attribute VBN 39831 511 9 to to IN 39831 511 10 the the DT 39831 511 11 fact fact NN 39831 511 12 that that IN 39831 511 13 the the DT 39831 511 14 solid solid JJ 39831 511 15 sphere sphere NN 39831 511 16 enters enter VBZ 39831 511 17 the the DT 39831 511 18 liquid liquid NN 39831 511 19 with with IN 39831 511 20 a a DT 39831 511 21 true true JJ 39831 511 22 spherical spherical JJ 39831 511 23 form form NN 39831 511 24 , , , 39831 511 25 and and CC 39831 511 26 is be VBZ 39831 511 27 not not RB 39831 511 28 distorted distort VBN 39831 511 29 by by IN 39831 511 30 the the DT 39831 511 31 oscillations oscillation NNS 39831 511 32 and and CC 39831 511 33 tremors tremor NNS 39831 511 34 which which WDT 39831 511 35 disturb disturb VBP 39831 511 36 a a DT 39831 511 37 falling fall VBG 39831 511 38 drop drop NN 39831 511 39 . . . 39831 512 1 The the DT 39831 512 2 gradual gradual JJ 39831 512 3 thickening thickening NN 39831 512 4 of of IN 39831 512 5 the the DT 39831 512 6 wall wall NN 39831 512 7 and and CC 39831 512 8 the the DT 39831 512 9 corresponding corresponding JJ 39831 512 10 reduction reduction NN 39831 512 11 in in IN 39831 512 12 the the DT 39831 512 13 number number NN 39831 512 14 of of IN 39831 512 15 lobes lobe NNS 39831 512 16 as as IN 39831 512 17 the the DT 39831 512 18 subsidence subsidence NN 39831 512 19 proceeds proceed NNS 39831 512 20 is be VBZ 39831 512 21 beautifully beautifully RB 39831 512 22 shown show VBN 39831 512 23 in in IN 39831 512 24 Figs Figs NNP 39831 512 25 . . . 39831 513 1 7 7 CD 39831 513 2 , , , 39831 513 3 8 8 CD 39831 513 4 , , , 39831 513 5 9 9 CD 39831 513 6 , , , 39831 513 7 and and CC 39831 513 8 10 10 CD 39831 513 9 , , , 39831 513 10 the the DT 39831 513 11 last last RB 39831 513 12 - - HYPH 39831 513 13 mentioned mention VBN 39831 513 14 figure figure NN 39831 513 15 being be VBG 39831 513 16 hardly hardly RB 39831 513 17 distinguishable distinguishable JJ 39831 513 18 from from IN 39831 513 19 the the DT 39831 513 20 corresponding correspond VBG 39831 513 21 Fig Fig NNP 39831 513 22 . . . 39831 514 1 9 9 CD 39831 514 2 of of IN 39831 514 3 Series Series NNP 39831 514 4 I I NNP 39831 514 5 , , , 39831 514 6 p. p. NN 39831 514 7 17 17 CD 39831 514 8 . . . 39831 515 1 This this DT 39831 515 2 stage stage NN 39831 515 3 is be VBZ 39831 515 4 in in IN 39831 515 5 each each DT 39831 515 6 case case NN 39831 515 7 reached reach VBN 39831 515 8 in in IN 39831 515 9 about about RB 39831 515 10 58/1000 58/1000 CD 39831 515 11 of of IN 39831 515 12 a a DT 39831 515 13 second second NN 39831 515 14 . . . 39831 516 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 516 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 516 3 : : : 39831 516 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 516 5 V V NNP 39831 516 6 Rough rough JJ 39831 516 7 sphere sphere NN 39831 516 8 . . . 39831 517 1 " " `` 39831 517 2 Basket basket NN 39831 517 3 splash splash NN 39831 517 4 . . . 39831 517 5 " " '' 39831 518 1 Diameter diameter NN 39831 518 2 of of IN 39831 518 3 sphere sphere NNP 39831 518 4 , , , 39831 518 5 1·5 1·5 NNP 39831 518 6 centim centim NN 39831 518 7 . . . 39831 519 1 Height height NN 39831 519 2 of of IN 39831 519 3 fall fall NN 39831 519 4 , , , 39831 519 5 15 15 CD 39831 519 6 centim centim NN 39831 519 7 . . . 39831 520 1 1 1 CD 39831 520 2 T t NN 39831 520 3 = = SYM 39831 520 4 0 0 CD 39831 520 5 2 2 CD 39831 520 6 0·003 0â·003 NN 39831 520 7 sec sec NNP 39831 520 8 . . . 39831 521 1 3 3 CD 39831 521 2 0·006 0·006 NNP 39831 521 3 sec sec NNP 39831 521 4 . . . 39831 522 1 4 4 CD 39831 522 2 5 5 CD 39831 522 3 6 6 CD 39831 522 4 ] ] -RRB- 39831 522 5 [ [ -LRB- 39831 522 6 Illustration illustration NN 39831 522 7 : : : 39831 522 8 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 522 9 V V NNP 39831 522 10 Rough Rough NNP 39831 522 11 sphere--(_continued sphere--(_continued CD 39831 522 12 _ _ NNP 39831 522 13 ) ) -RRB- 39831 522 14 . . . 39831 523 1 7 7 CD 39831 523 2 0·024 0·024 NNP 39831 523 3 sec sec NNP 39831 523 4 . . . 39831 524 1 8 8 CD 39831 524 2 0·032 0â·032 CD 39831 524 3 sec sec NNP 39831 524 4 . . . 39831 525 1 9 9 CD 39831 525 2 0·042 0·042 NNP 39831 525 3 sec sec NNP 39831 525 4 . . . 39831 526 1 10 10 CD 39831 526 2 0·060 0·060 NNP 39831 526 3 sec sec NNP 39831 526 4 . . . 39831 526 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 527 1 Now now RB 39831 527 2 from from IN 39831 527 3 the the DT 39831 527 4 depths depth NNS 39831 527 5 of of IN 39831 527 6 the the DT 39831 527 7 crater crater NN 39831 527 8 there there RB 39831 527 9 rises rise VBZ 39831 527 10 with with IN 39831 527 11 surprising surprising JJ 39831 527 12 velocity velocity NN 39831 527 13 the the DT 39831 527 14 exquisite exquisite JJ 39831 527 15 jet jet NN 39831 527 16 of of IN 39831 527 17 Fig Fig NNP 39831 527 18 . . . 39831 528 1 11 11 CD 39831 528 2 , , , 39831 528 3 which which WDT 39831 528 4 in in IN 39831 528 5 obedience obedience NN 39831 528 6 to to IN 39831 528 7 the the DT 39831 528 8 law law NN 39831 528 9 of of IN 39831 528 10 segmentation segmentation NN 39831 528 11 at at IN 39831 528 12 once once RB 39831 528 13 splits split VBZ 39831 528 14 up up RP 39831 528 15 in in IN 39831 528 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 528 17 upper upper JJ 39831 528 18 portion portion NN 39831 528 19 into into IN 39831 528 20 little little JJ 39831 528 21 drops drop NNS 39831 528 22 , , , 39831 528 23 while while IN 39831 528 24 at at IN 39831 528 25 the the DT 39831 528 26 same same JJ 39831 528 27 time time NN 39831 528 28 it -PRON- PRP 39831 528 29 gathers gather VBZ 39831 528 30 volume volume NN 39831 528 31 from from IN 39831 528 32 below below RB 39831 528 33 , , , 39831 528 34 and and CC 39831 528 35 rises rise VBZ 39831 528 36 ultimately ultimately RB 39831 528 37 as as IN 39831 528 38 a a DT 39831 528 39 tall tall JJ 39831 528 40 , , , 39831 528 41 graceful graceful JJ 39831 528 42 column column NN 39831 528 43 to to IN 39831 528 44 a a DT 39831 528 45 height height NN 39831 528 46 which which WDT 39831 528 47 may may MD 39831 528 48 be be VB 39831 528 49 even even RB 39831 528 50 greater great JJR 39831 528 51 than than IN 39831 528 52 that that DT 39831 528 53 from from IN 39831 528 54 which which WDT 39831 528 55 the the DT 39831 528 56 sphere sphere NN 39831 528 57 fell fall VBD 39831 528 58 . . . 39831 529 1 This this DT 39831 529 2 is be VBZ 39831 529 3 the the DT 39831 529 4 emergent emergent JJ 39831 529 5 jet jet NN 39831 529 6 which which WDT 39831 529 7 one one NN 39831 529 8 sees see VBZ 39831 529 9 with with IN 39831 529 10 the the DT 39831 529 11 naked naked JJ 39831 529 12 eye eye NN 39831 529 13 whenever whenever WRB 39831 529 14 a a DT 39831 529 15 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39831 529 16 rough rough JJ 39831 529 17 sphere sphere NN 39831 529 18 is be VBZ 39831 529 19 dropped drop VBN 39831 529 20 from from IN 39831 529 21 a a DT 39831 529 22 small small JJ 39831 529 23 height height NN 39831 529 24 into into IN 39831 529 25 water water NN 39831 529 26 , , , 39831 529 27 but but CC 39831 529 28 if if IN 39831 529 29 we -PRON- PRP 39831 529 30 are be VBP 39831 529 31 to to TO 39831 529 32 ascertain ascertain VB 39831 529 33 how how WRB 39831 529 34 this this DT 39831 529 35 column column NN 39831 529 36 originates originate VBZ 39831 529 37 , , , 39831 529 38 we -PRON- PRP 39831 529 39 must must MD 39831 529 40 follow follow VB 39831 529 41 the the DT 39831 529 42 sphere sphere NN 39831 529 43 below below IN 39831 529 44 the the DT 39831 529 45 surface surface NN 39831 529 46 of of IN 39831 529 47 the the DT 39831 529 48 liquid liquid NN 39831 529 49 . . . 39831 530 1 The the DT 39831 530 2 arrangement arrangement NN 39831 530 3 already already RB 39831 530 4 described describe VBD 39831 530 5 on on IN 39831 530 6 p. p. NN 39831 530 7 69 69 CD 39831 530 8 enables enable VBZ 39831 530 9 this this DT 39831 530 10 to to TO 39831 530 11 be be VB 39831 530 12 done do VBN 39831 530 13 . . . 39831 531 1 We -PRON- PRP 39831 531 2 let let VBP 39831 531 3 the the DT 39831 531 4 sphere sphere NN 39831 531 5 fall fall VB 39831 531 6 into into IN 39831 531 7 clear clear JJ 39831 531 8 water water NN 39831 531 9 contained contain VBN 39831 531 10 in in IN 39831 531 11 a a DT 39831 531 12 narrow narrow JJ 39831 531 13 , , , 39831 531 14 flat flat JJ 39831 531 15 - - HYPH 39831 531 16 sided sided JJ 39831 531 17 , , , 39831 531 18 inverted invert VBN 39831 531 19 clock clock NN 39831 531 20 - - HYPH 39831 531 21 shade shade NN 39831 531 22 and and CC 39831 531 23 illuminate illuminate VB 39831 531 24 this this DT 39831 531 25 from from IN 39831 531 26 behind behind RB 39831 531 27 while while IN 39831 531 28 the the DT 39831 531 29 camera camera NN 39831 531 30 stands stand VBZ 39831 531 31 straight straight RB 39831 531 32 in in IN 39831 531 33 front front NN 39831 531 34 . . . 39831 532 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 532 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 532 3 : : : 39831 532 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 532 5 V V NNP 39831 532 6 Rough Rough NNP 39831 532 7 sphere--(_continued sphere--(_continued CD 39831 532 8 _ _ NNP 39831 532 9 ) ) -RRB- 39831 532 10 . . . 39831 533 1 11 11 CD 39831 533 2 0·068 0â·068 CD 39831 533 3 sec sec NNP 39831 533 4 . . . 39831 534 1 12 12 CD 39831 534 2 0·076 0·076 NNP 39831 534 3 sec sec NNP 39831 534 4 . . . 39831 535 1 13 13 CD 39831 535 2 0·088 0·088 NNP 39831 535 3 sec sec NNP 39831 535 4 . . . 39831 536 1 14 14 CD 39831 536 2 0·100 0â·100 CD 39831 536 3 sec sec NNP 39831 536 4 . . . 39831 536 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 537 1 In in IN 39831 537 2 this this DT 39831 537 3 manner manner NN 39831 537 4 were be VBD 39831 537 5 obtained obtain VBN 39831 537 6 the the DT 39831 537 7 photographs photograph NNS 39831 537 8 of of IN 39831 537 9 Series Series NNP 39831 537 10 VI VI NNP 39831 537 11 , , , 39831 537 12 which which WDT 39831 537 13 require require VBP 39831 537 14 a a DT 39831 537 15 little little JJ 39831 537 16 explanation explanation NN 39831 537 17 . . . 39831 538 1 In in IN 39831 538 2 the the DT 39831 538 3 first first JJ 39831 538 4 figure figure NN 39831 538 5 we -PRON- PRP 39831 538 6 see see VBP 39831 538 7 the the DT 39831 538 8 sphere sphere NN 39831 538 9 just just RB 39831 538 10 entering enter VBG 39831 538 11 the the DT 39831 538 12 liquid liquid NN 39831 538 13 . . . 39831 539 1 The the DT 39831 539 2 faint faint JJ 39831 539 3 horizontal horizontal JJ 39831 539 4 line line NN 39831 539 5 shows show VBZ 39831 539 6 the the DT 39831 539 7 level level NN 39831 539 8 of of IN 39831 539 9 the the DT 39831 539 10 surface surface NN 39831 539 11 . . . 39831 540 1 Above above IN 39831 540 2 this this DT 39831 540 3 line line NN 39831 540 4 we -PRON- PRP 39831 540 5 see see VBP 39831 540 6 the the DT 39831 540 7 internally internally RB 39831 540 8 reflected reflect VBN 39831 540 9 image image NN 39831 540 10 of of IN 39831 540 11 the the DT 39831 540 12 part part NN 39831 540 13 that that WDT 39831 540 14 has have VBZ 39831 540 15 already already RB 39831 540 16 entered enter VBN 39831 540 17 , , , 39831 540 18 while while IN 39831 540 19 still still RB 39831 540 20 higher high JJR 39831 540 21 in in IN 39831 540 22 the the DT 39831 540 23 figure figure NN 39831 540 24 may may MD 39831 540 25 be be VB 39831 540 26 discerned discern VBN 39831 540 27 the the DT 39831 540 28 summit summit NN 39831 540 29 of of IN 39831 540 30 the the DT 39831 540 31 sphere sphere NN 39831 540 32 itself -PRON- PRP 39831 540 33 . . . 39831 541 1 The the DT 39831 541 2 slight slight JJ 39831 541 3 lateral lateral JJ 39831 541 4 displacement displacement NN 39831 541 5 of of IN 39831 541 6 the the DT 39831 541 7 part part NN 39831 541 8 below below IN 39831 541 9 the the DT 39831 541 10 surface surface NN 39831 541 11 is be VBZ 39831 541 12 due due JJ 39831 541 13 to to IN 39831 541 14 refraction refraction NN 39831 541 15 consequent consequent NN 39831 541 16 on on IN 39831 541 17 the the DT 39831 541 18 camera camera NN 39831 541 19 having have VBG 39831 541 20 been be VBN 39831 541 21 set set VBN 39831 541 22 with with IN 39831 541 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 541 24 optic optic JJ 39831 541 25 axis axi NNS 39831 541 26 not not RB 39831 541 27 quite quite RB 39831 541 28 perpendicular perpendicular JJ 39831 541 29 to to IN 39831 541 30 the the DT 39831 541 31 face face NN 39831 541 32 of of IN 39831 541 33 the the DT 39831 541 34 vessel vessel NN 39831 541 35 . . . 39831 542 1 In in IN 39831 542 2 the the DT 39831 542 3 subsequent subsequent JJ 39831 542 4 figures figure NNS 39831 542 5 it -PRON- PRP 39831 542 6 will will MD 39831 542 7 be be VB 39831 542 8 observed observe VBN 39831 542 9 that that IN 39831 542 10 the the DT 39831 542 11 sphere sphere NN 39831 542 12 , , , 39831 542 13 as as IN 39831 542 14 it -PRON- PRP 39831 542 15 descends descend VBZ 39831 542 16 , , , 39831 542 17 drags drag VBZ 39831 542 18 with with IN 39831 542 19 it -PRON- PRP 39831 542 20 the the DT 39831 542 21 surface surface NN 39831 542 22 of of IN 39831 542 23 the the DT 39831 542 24 liquid liquid NN 39831 542 25 in in IN 39831 542 26 the the DT 39831 542 27 form form NN 39831 542 28 of of IN 39831 542 29 a a DT 39831 542 30 gradually gradually RB 39831 542 31 deepening deepen VBG 39831 542 32 pocket pocket NN 39831 542 33 or or CC 39831 542 34 bag bag NN 39831 542 35 , , , 39831 542 36 the the DT 39831 542 37 upper upper JJ 39831 542 38 part part NN 39831 542 39 of of IN 39831 542 40 the the DT 39831 542 41 sphere sphere NN 39831 542 42 being be VBG 39831 542 43 for for IN 39831 542 44 a a DT 39831 542 45 long long JJ 39831 542 46 time time NN 39831 542 47 quite quite RB 39831 542 48 unwetted unwetted JJ 39831 542 49 by by IN 39831 542 50 the the DT 39831 542 51 liquid liquid NN 39831 542 52 . . . 39831 543 1 The the DT 39831 543 2 sides side NNS 39831 543 3 of of IN 39831 543 4 this this DT 39831 543 5 pocket pocket NN 39831 543 6 or or CC 39831 543 7 bag bag NN 39831 543 8 of of IN 39831 543 9 air air NN 39831 543 10 not not RB 39831 543 11 being be VBG 39831 543 12 quite quite RB 39831 543 13 smooth smooth JJ 39831 543 14 , , , 39831 543 15 give give VBP 39831 543 16 a a DT 39831 543 17 somewhat somewhat RB 39831 543 18 distorted distorted JJ 39831 543 19 appearance appearance NN 39831 543 20 to to IN 39831 543 21 the the DT 39831 543 22 sphere sphere NN 39831 543 23 within within RB 39831 543 24 . . . 39831 544 1 Also also RB 39831 544 2 , , , 39831 544 3 since since IN 39831 544 4 the the DT 39831 544 5 sides side NNS 39831 544 6 are be VBP 39831 544 7 sloping slope VBG 39831 544 8 , , , 39831 544 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39831 544 10 reflected reflect VBN 39831 544 11 image image NN 39831 544 12 in in IN 39831 544 13 the the DT 39831 544 14 level level NN 39831 544 15 surface surface NN 39831 544 16 slopes slope NNS 39831 544 17 in in IN 39831 544 18 the the DT 39831 544 19 opposite opposite JJ 39831 544 20 direction direction NN 39831 544 21 and and CC 39831 544 22 produces produce VBZ 39831 544 23 an an DT 39831 544 24 angle angle NN 39831 544 25 where where WRB 39831 544 26 the the DT 39831 544 27 two two CD 39831 544 28 meet meet NN 39831 544 29 . . . 39831 545 1 This this DT 39831 545 2 angle angle NN 39831 545 3 marks mark VBZ 39831 545 4 very very RB 39831 545 5 clearly clearly RB 39831 545 6 the the DT 39831 545 7 level level NN 39831 545 8 of of IN 39831 545 9 the the DT 39831 545 10 surface surface NN 39831 545 11 . . . 39831 546 1 Above above IN 39831 546 2 the the DT 39831 546 3 surface surface NN 39831 546 4 - - HYPH 39831 546 5 line line NN 39831 546 6 in in IN 39831 546 7 Figs Figs NNP 39831 546 8 . . . 39831 547 1 2 2 CD 39831 547 2 to to TO 39831 547 3 5 5 CD 39831 547 4 is be VBZ 39831 547 5 seen see VBN 39831 547 6 the the DT 39831 547 7 beaded bead VBN 39831 547 8 lip lip NN 39831 547 9 of of IN 39831 547 10 the the DT 39831 547 11 crater crater NN 39831 547 12 which which WDT 39831 547 13 we -PRON- PRP 39831 547 14 have have VBP 39831 547 15 already already RB 39831 547 16 viewed view VBN 39831 547 17 from from IN 39831 547 18 above above RB 39831 547 19 , , , 39831 547 20 but but CC 39831 547 21 this this DT 39831 547 22 is be VBZ 39831 547 23 somewhat somewhat RB 39831 547 24 out out IN 39831 547 25 of of IN 39831 547 26 focus focus NN 39831 547 27 , , , 39831 547 28 for for IN 39831 547 29 the the DT 39831 547 30 camera camera NN 39831 547 31 had have VBD 39831 547 32 to to TO 39831 547 33 be be VB 39831 547 34 focused focus VBN 39831 547 35 on on IN 39831 547 36 the the DT 39831 547 37 sphere sphere NN 39831 547 38 as as IN 39831 547 39 seen see VBN 39831 547 40 under under IN 39831 547 41 water water NN 39831 547 42 , , , 39831 547 43 and and CC 39831 547 44 the the DT 39831 547 45 effect effect NN 39831 547 46 of of IN 39831 547 47 the the DT 39831 547 48 water water NN 39831 547 49 is be VBZ 39831 547 50 to to TO 39831 547 51 bring bring VB 39831 547 52 the the DT 39831 547 53 sphere sphere NN 39831 547 54 optically optically RB 39831 547 55 nearer nearer JJ 39831 547 56 . . . 39831 548 1 Hence hence RB 39831 548 2 only only RB 39831 548 3 the the DT 39831 548 4 nearer nearer JJ 39831 548 5 part part NN 39831 548 6 of of IN 39831 548 7 the the DT 39831 548 8 crater crater NN 39831 548 9 , , , 39831 548 10 i.e. i.e. FW 39831 549 1 the the DT 39831 549 2 middle middle JJ 39831 549 3 part part NN 39831 549 4 of of IN 39831 549 5 the the DT 39831 549 6 front front JJ 39831 549 7 edge edge NN 39831 549 8 , , , 39831 549 9 is be VBZ 39831 549 10 distinctly distinctly RB 39831 549 11 shown show VBN 39831 549 12 . . . 39831 550 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 550 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 550 3 : : : 39831 550 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 550 5 VI VI NNP 39831 550 6 The the DT 39831 550 7 splash splash NN 39831 550 8 of of IN 39831 550 9 a a DT 39831 550 10 rough rough JJ 39831 550 11 sphere sphere NN 39831 550 12 as as IN 39831 550 13 seen see VBN 39831 550 14 below below IN 39831 550 15 the the DT 39831 550 16 surface surface NN 39831 550 17 . . . 39831 551 1 Diameter diameter NN 39831 551 2 , , , 39831 551 3 1·5 1â·5 JJ 39831 551 4 centim centim NN 39831 551 5 . . . 39831 552 1 Height height NN 39831 552 2 of of IN 39831 552 3 fall fall NN 39831 552 4 , , , 39831 552 5 15 15 CD 39831 552 6 centim centim NN 39831 552 7 . . . 39831 553 1 1 1 CD 39831 553 2 T t NN 39831 553 3 = = SYM 39831 553 4 0 0 CD 39831 553 5 2 2 CD 39831 553 6 0·010 0·010 NNP 39831 553 7 sec sec NNP 39831 553 8 . . . 39831 554 1 3 3 CD 39831 554 2 0·018 0·018 NNP 39831 554 3 sec sec NNP 39831 554 4 . . . 39831 555 1 4 4 CD 39831 555 2 0·023 0·023 NNP 39831 555 3 sec sec NNP 39831 555 4 . . . 39831 556 1 5 5 CD 39831 556 2 0·032 0â·032 CD 39831 556 3 sec sec NNP 39831 556 4 . . . 39831 556 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 557 1 Coming come VBG 39831 557 2 now now RB 39831 557 3 to to IN 39831 557 4 Fig Fig NNP 39831 557 5 . . . 39831 558 1 6 6 CD 39831 558 2 , , , 39831 558 3 we -PRON- PRP 39831 558 4 perceive perceive VBP 39831 558 5 that that IN 39831 558 6 the the DT 39831 558 7 long long JJ 39831 558 8 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 39831 558 9 hollow hollow NN 39831 558 10 has have VBZ 39831 558 11 begun begin VBN 39831 558 12 to to TO 39831 558 13 divide divide VB 39831 558 14 . . . 39831 559 1 In in IN 39831 559 2 this this DT 39831 559 3 spontaneous spontaneous JJ 39831 559 4 division division NN 39831 559 5 we -PRON- PRP 39831 559 6 have have VBP 39831 559 7 another another DT 39831 559 8 illustration illustration NN 39831 559 9 of of IN 39831 559 10 the the DT 39831 559 11 law law NN 39831 559 12 of of IN 39831 559 13 instability instability NN 39831 559 14 which which WDT 39831 559 15 regulated regulate VBD 39831 559 16 the the DT 39831 559 17 sub sub NN 39831 559 18 - - NN 39831 559 19 division division NN 39831 559 20 of of IN 39831 559 21 the the DT 39831 559 22 jets jet NNS 39831 559 23 and and CC 39831 559 24 columns column NNS 39831 559 25 of of IN 39831 559 26 earlier early JJR 39831 559 27 series series NN 39831 559 28 . . . 39831 560 1 This this DT 39831 560 2 law law NN 39831 560 3 is be VBZ 39831 560 4 the the DT 39831 560 5 same same JJ 39831 560 6 whether whether IN 39831 560 7 the the DT 39831 560 8 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 560 9 be be VB 39831 560 10 of of IN 39831 560 11 air air NN 39831 560 12 surrounded surround VBN 39831 560 13 by by IN 39831 560 14 liquid liquid NN 39831 560 15 or or CC 39831 560 16 of of IN 39831 560 17 liquid liquid NN 39831 560 18 surrounded surround VBN 39831 560 19 by by IN 39831 560 20 air air NN 39831 560 21 . . . 39831 561 1 Hitherto Hitherto NNP 39831 561 2 we -PRON- PRP 39831 561 3 have have VBP 39831 561 4 only only RB 39831 561 5 seen see VBN 39831 561 6 it -PRON- PRP 39831 561 7 operating operate VBG 39831 561 8 in in IN 39831 561 9 jets jet NNS 39831 561 10 of of IN 39831 561 11 liquid liquid NN 39831 561 12 in in IN 39831 561 13 air air NN 39831 561 14 ; ; : 39831 561 15 now now RB 39831 561 16 we -PRON- PRP 39831 561 17 have have VBP 39831 561 18 a a DT 39831 561 19 jet jet NN 39831 561 20 of of IN 39831 561 21 air air NN 39831 561 22 in in IN 39831 561 23 a a DT 39831 561 24 liquid liquid NN 39831 561 25 . . . 39831 562 1 The the DT 39831 562 2 lower low JJR 39831 562 3 part part NN 39831 562 4 of of IN 39831 562 5 the the DT 39831 562 6 long long JJ 39831 562 7 cylinder cylinder NN 39831 562 8 of of IN 39831 562 9 air air NN 39831 562 10 splits split VBZ 39831 562 11 off off RP 39831 562 12 into into IN 39831 562 13 a a DT 39831 562 14 bubble bubble NN 39831 562 15 just just RB 39831 562 16 behind behind IN 39831 562 17 the the DT 39831 562 18 sphere sphere NN 39831 562 19 , , , 39831 562 20 and and CC 39831 562 21 follows follow VBZ 39831 562 22 in in IN 39831 562 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 562 24 wake wake NN 39831 562 25 to to IN 39831 562 26 the the DT 39831 562 27 bottom bottom NN 39831 562 28 of of IN 39831 562 29 the the DT 39831 562 30 vessel vessel NN 39831 562 31 , , , 39831 562 32 and and CC 39831 562 33 is be VBZ 39831 562 34 only only RB 39831 562 35 detached detach VBN 39831 562 36 and and CC 39831 562 37 rises rise VBZ 39831 562 38 to to IN 39831 562 39 the the DT 39831 562 40 surface surface NN 39831 562 41 when when WRB 39831 562 42 the the DT 39831 562 43 sphere sphere NN 39831 562 44 strikes strike VBZ 39831 562 45 the the DT 39831 562 46 bottom bottom NN 39831 562 47 . . . 39831 563 1 Many many JJ 39831 563 2 years year NNS 39831 563 3 ago ago RB 39831 563 4 , , , 39831 563 5 through through IN 39831 563 6 the the DT 39831 563 7 kindness kindness NN 39831 563 8 of of IN 39831 563 9 the the DT 39831 563 10 curator curator NN 39831 563 11 of of IN 39831 563 12 the the DT 39831 563 13 Brighton Brighton NNP 39831 563 14 Aquarium Aquarium NNP 39831 563 15 , , , 39831 563 16 I -PRON- PRP 39831 563 17 was be VBD 39831 563 18 enabled enable VBN 39831 563 19 to to TO 39831 563 20 watch watch VB 39831 563 21 this this DT 39831 563 22 bubble bubble NN 39831 563 23 of of IN 39831 563 24 air air NN 39831 563 25 following follow VBG 39831 563 26 in in IN 39831 563 27 the the DT 39831 563 28 wake wake NN 39831 563 29 of of IN 39831 563 30 the the DT 39831 563 31 sphere sphere NN 39831 563 32 to to IN 39831 563 33 the the DT 39831 563 34 bottom bottom NN 39831 563 35 of of IN 39831 563 36 the the DT 39831 563 37 deepest deep JJS 39831 563 38 tank tank NN 39831 563 39 . . . 39831 564 1 Figs fig NNS 39831 564 2 . . . 39831 565 1 7 7 CD 39831 565 2 , , , 39831 565 3 8 8 CD 39831 565 4 , , , 39831 565 5 and and CC 39831 565 6 9 9 CD 39831 565 7 show show VBP 39831 565 8 the the DT 39831 565 9 two two CD 39831 565 10 parts part NNS 39831 565 11 gradually gradually RB 39831 565 12 separating separate VBG 39831 565 13 . . . 39831 566 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 566 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 566 3 : : : 39831 566 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 566 5 VI--(_continued VI--(_continued NNP 39831 566 6 _ _ NNP 39831 566 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 566 8 Scale Scale NNP 39831 566 9 reduced reduce VBN 39831 566 10 to to IN 39831 566 11 about about RB 39831 566 12 7/10 7/10 CD 39831 566 13 . . . 39831 567 1 6 6 CD 39831 567 2 0·045 0·045 NNP 39831 567 3 sec sec NNP 39831 567 4 . . . 39831 568 1 7 7 CD 39831 568 2 8 8 CD 39831 568 3 0·050 0·050 NNP 39831 568 4 sec sec NNP 39831 568 5 . . . 39831 569 1 9 9 CD 39831 569 2 0·054 0·054 NNP 39831 569 3 sec sec NNP 39831 569 4 . . . 39831 569 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 570 1 Fig fig NN 39831 570 2 . . . 39831 571 1 10 10 CD 39831 571 2 shows show NNS 39831 571 3 specially specially RB 39831 571 4 well well RB 39831 571 5 the the DT 39831 571 6 ripples ripple NNS 39831 571 7 on on IN 39831 571 8 the the DT 39831 571 9 surface surface NN 39831 571 10 of of IN 39831 571 11 the the DT 39831 571 12 descending descend VBG 39831 571 13 bubble bubble NN 39831 571 14 . . . 39831 572 1 These these DT 39831 572 2 undulations undulation NNS 39831 572 3 sometimes sometimes RB 39831 572 4 become become VBP 39831 572 5 so so RB 39831 572 6 accentuated accentuated JJ 39831 572 7 that that IN 39831 572 8 the the DT 39831 572 9 upper upper JJ 39831 572 10 part part NN 39831 572 11 of of IN 39831 572 12 this this DT 39831 572 13 descending descend VBG 39831 572 14 bubble bubble NN 39831 572 15 is be VBZ 39831 572 16 detached detach VBN 39831 572 17 , , , 39831 572 18 and and CC 39831 572 19 then then RB 39831 572 20 the the DT 39831 572 21 curious curious JJ 39831 572 22 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39831 572 23 may may MD 39831 572 24 be be VB 39831 572 25 seen see VBN 39831 572 26 of of IN 39831 572 27 this this DT 39831 572 28 detached detach VBN 39831 572 29 part part NN 39831 572 30 still still RB 39831 572 31 following follow VBG 39831 572 32 the the DT 39831 572 33 rest rest NN 39831 572 34 downwards downwards RB 39831 572 35 through through IN 39831 572 36 the the DT 39831 572 37 liquid liquid NN 39831 572 38 with with IN 39831 572 39 an an DT 39831 572 40 unsteady unsteady JJ 39831 572 41 , , , 39831 572 42 lurching lurch VBG 39831 572 43 motion motion NN 39831 572 44 . . . 39831 573 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB 39831 573 2 the the DT 39831 573 3 upper upper JJ 39831 573 4 half half NN 39831 573 5 of of IN 39831 573 6 the the DT 39831 573 7 divided divide VBN 39831 573 8 air air NN 39831 573 9 - - HYPH 39831 573 10 column column NN 39831 573 11 is be VBZ 39831 573 12 seen see VBN 39831 573 13 in in IN 39831 573 14 Fig Fig NNP 39831 573 15 . . . 39831 574 1 9 9 CD 39831 574 2 to to TO 39831 574 3 resemble resemble VB 39831 574 4 a a DT 39831 574 5 deep deep JJ 39831 574 6 basin basin NN 39831 574 7 which which WDT 39831 574 8 now now RB 39831 574 9 rapidly rapidly RB 39831 574 10 fills fill VBZ 39831 574 11 up up RP 39831 574 12 by by IN 39831 574 13 the the DT 39831 574 14 influx influx NN 39831 574 15 of of IN 39831 574 16 liquid liquid NN 39831 574 17 from from IN 39831 574 18 all all DT 39831 574 19 sides side NNS 39831 574 20 . . . 39831 575 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 575 2 is be VBZ 39831 575 3 from from IN 39831 575 4 the the DT 39831 575 5 confluence confluence NN 39831 575 6 of of IN 39831 575 7 this this DT 39831 575 8 inflowing inflowe VBG 39831 575 9 liquid liquid NN 39831 575 10 into into IN 39831 575 11 channels channel NNS 39831 575 12 which which WDT 39831 575 13 necessarily necessarily RB 39831 575 14 narrow narrow VBP 39831 575 15 as as IN 39831 575 16 the the DT 39831 575 17 centre centre NN 39831 575 18 is be VBZ 39831 575 19 approached approach VBN 39831 575 20 that that IN 39831 575 21 the the DT 39831 575 22 great great JJ 39831 575 23 velocity velocity NN 39831 575 24 with with IN 39831 575 25 which which WDT 39831 575 26 the the DT 39831 575 27 liquid liquid NN 39831 575 28 spirts spirt NNS 39831 575 29 upwards upwards NNP 39831 575 30 is be VBZ 39831 575 31 obtained obtain VBN 39831 575 32 . . . 39831 576 1 In in IN 39831 576 2 Fig Fig NNP 39831 576 3 . . . 39831 577 1 11 11 CD 39831 577 2 the the DT 39831 577 3 jet jet NN 39831 577 4 is be VBZ 39831 577 5 just just RB 39831 577 6 discernible discernible JJ 39831 577 7 above above IN 39831 577 8 the the DT 39831 577 9 surface surface NN 39831 577 10 , , , 39831 577 11 and and CC 39831 577 12 in in IN 39831 577 13 Fig Fig NNP 39831 577 14 . . . 39831 578 1 13 13 CD 39831 578 2 it -PRON- PRP 39831 578 3 is be VBZ 39831 578 4 well well RB 39831 578 5 - - HYPH 39831 578 6 established establish VBN 39831 578 7 . . . 39831 579 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 579 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 579 3 : : : 39831 579 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 579 5 VI--(_continued VI--(_continued NNP 39831 579 6 _ _ NNP 39831 579 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 579 8 10 10 CD 39831 579 9 0·062 0â·062 NN 39831 579 10 sec sec NNP 39831 579 11 . . . 39831 580 1 11 11 CD 39831 580 2 12 12 CD 39831 580 3 0·062 0â·062 NN 39831 580 4 sec sec NNP 39831 580 5 . . . 39831 581 1 13 13 CD 39831 581 2 0·070 0â·070 NN 39831 581 3 sec sec NNP 39831 581 4 . . . 39831 581 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 582 1 On on IN 39831 582 2 increasing increase VBG 39831 582 3 the the DT 39831 582 4 height height NN 39831 582 5 of of IN 39831 582 6 fall fall NN 39831 582 7 of of IN 39831 582 8 a a DT 39831 582 9 rough rough JJ 39831 582 10 sphere sphere NN 39831 582 11 to to IN 39831 582 12 60 60 CD 39831 582 13 cm cm NNS 39831 582 14 . . NNP 39831 582 15 , , , 39831 582 16 we -PRON- PRP 39831 582 17 obtain obtain VBP 39831 582 18 a a DT 39831 582 19 higher high JJR 39831 582 20 crater crater NN 39831 582 21 which which WDT 39831 582 22 closes close VBZ 39831 582 23 and and CC 39831 582 24 forms form VBZ 39831 582 25 a a DT 39831 582 26 bubble bubble NN 39831 582 27 , , , 39831 582 28 exactly exactly RB 39831 582 29 as as IN 39831 582 30 when when WRB 39831 582 31 we -PRON- PRP 39831 582 32 increased increase VBD 39831 582 33 the the DT 39831 582 34 height height NN 39831 582 35 of of IN 39831 582 36 fall fall NN 39831 582 37 of of IN 39831 582 38 a a DT 39831 582 39 liquid liquid JJ 39831 582 40 drop drop NN 39831 582 41 . . . 39831 583 1 The the DT 39831 583 2 process process NN 39831 583 3 as as IN 39831 583 4 viewed view VBN 39831 583 5 from from IN 39831 583 6 above above IN 39831 583 7 the the DT 39831 583 8 surface surface NN 39831 583 9 is be VBZ 39831 583 10 shown show VBN 39831 583 11 in in IN 39831 583 12 Series Series NNP 39831 583 13 VII VII NNP 39831 583 14 . . . 39831 584 1 The the DT 39831 584 2 first first JJ 39831 584 3 figure figure NN 39831 584 4 of of IN 39831 584 5 this this DT 39831 584 6 series series NN 39831 584 7 shows show VBZ 39831 584 8 very very RB 39831 584 9 well well RB 39831 584 10 how how WRB 39831 584 11 completely completely RB 39831 584 12 the the DT 39831 584 13 liquid liquid NN 39831 584 14 is be VBZ 39831 584 15 driven drive VBN 39831 584 16 away away RB 39831 584 17 from from IN 39831 584 18 the the DT 39831 584 19 surface surface NN 39831 584 20 of of IN 39831 584 21 the the DT 39831 584 22 sphere sphere NN 39831 584 23 the the DT 39831 584 24 first first JJ 39831 584 25 moment moment NN 39831 584 26 of of IN 39831 584 27 contact contact NN 39831 584 28 . . . 39831 585 1 The the DT 39831 585 2 subsequent subsequent JJ 39831 585 3 crater crater NN 39831 585 4 and and CC 39831 585 5 bubble bubble NN 39831 585 6 are be VBP 39831 585 7 of of IN 39831 585 8 exquisite exquisite JJ 39831 585 9 delicacy delicacy NN 39831 585 10 . . . 39831 586 1 This this DT 39831 586 2 bubble bubble NN 39831 586 3 , , , 39831 586 4 though though IN 39831 586 5 it -PRON- PRP 39831 586 6 closes close VBZ 39831 586 7 completely completely RB 39831 586 8 as as IN 39831 586 9 in in IN 39831 586 10 the the DT 39831 586 11 last last JJ 39831 586 12 figure figure NN 39831 586 13 , , , 39831 586 14 is be VBZ 39831 586 15 doomed doom VBN 39831 586 16 to to IN 39831 586 17 almost almost RB 39831 586 18 immediate immediate JJ 39831 586 19 destruction destruction NN 39831 586 20 . . . 39831 587 1 For for IN 39831 587 2 we -PRON- PRP 39831 587 3 see see VBP 39831 587 4 , , , 39831 587 5 on on IN 39831 587 6 looking look VBG 39831 587 7 below below IN 39831 587 8 the the DT 39831 587 9 surface surface NN 39831 587 10 , , , 39831 587 11 that that IN 39831 587 12 the the DT 39831 587 13 proceedings proceeding NNS 39831 587 14 there there EX 39831 587 15 are be VBP 39831 587 16 of of IN 39831 587 17 the the DT 39831 587 18 same same JJ 39831 587 19 kind kind NN 39831 587 20 as as IN 39831 587 21 in in IN 39831 587 22 the the DT 39831 587 23 case case NN 39831 587 24 of of IN 39831 587 25 the the DT 39831 587 26 lower low JJR 39831 587 27 fall fall NN 39831 587 28 already already RB 39831 587 29 described describe VBN 39831 587 30 , , , 39831 587 31 and and CC 39831 587 32 result result VB 39831 587 33 in in IN 39831 587 34 the the DT 39831 587 35 formation formation NN 39831 587 36 of of IN 39831 587 37 an an DT 39831 587 38 upward upward RB 39831 587 39 - - HYPH 39831 587 40 directed direct VBN 39831 587 41 jet jet NN 39831 587 42 . . . 39831 588 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 588 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 588 3 : : : 39831 588 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 588 5 VII VII NNP 39831 588 6 Rough rough JJ 39831 588 7 sphere sphere NN 39831 588 8 falling fall VBG 39831 588 9 60 60 CD 39831 588 10 cm cm NNS 39831 588 11 . . . 39831 589 1 Scale Scale NNP 39831 589 2 3/4 3/4 CD 39831 589 3 . . . 39831 590 1 1 1 CD 39831 590 2 T t NN 39831 590 3 = = SYM 39831 590 4 0 0 CD 39831 590 5 2 2 CD 39831 590 6 0·003 0â·003 NN 39831 590 7 sec sec NNP 39831 590 8 . . . 39831 591 1 3 3 CD 39831 591 2 0·017 0·017 NNP 39831 591 3 sec sec NNP 39831 591 4 . . . 39831 592 1 4 4 CD 39831 592 2 0·017 0·017 NNP 39831 592 3 sec sec NNP 39831 592 4 . . . 39831 593 1 5 5 CD 39831 593 2 0·033 0·033 NNP 39831 593 3 sec sec NNP 39831 593 4 . . . 39831 593 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 594 1 Thus thus RB 39831 594 2 the the DT 39831 594 3 first first JJ 39831 594 4 three three CD 39831 594 5 figures figure NNS 39831 594 6 of of IN 39831 594 7 Series series NN 39831 594 8 VIII VIII NNP 39831 594 9 show show VBP 39831 594 10 the the DT 39831 594 11 last last JJ 39831 594 12 moments moment NNS 39831 594 13 of of IN 39831 594 14 a a DT 39831 594 15 bubble bubble NN 39831 594 16 which which WDT 39831 594 17 has have VBZ 39831 594 18 burst burst VBN 39831 594 19 , , , 39831 594 20 spontaneously spontaneously RB 39831 594 21 , , , 39831 594 22 and and CC 39831 594 23 so so RB 39831 594 24 has have VBZ 39831 594 25 made make VBN 39831 594 26 way way NN 39831 594 27 for for IN 39831 594 28 the the DT 39831 594 29 jet jet NN 39831 594 30 of of IN 39831 594 31 Fig Fig NNP 39831 594 32 . . . 39831 595 1 3 3 LS 39831 595 2 . . . 39831 596 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 596 2 These these DT 39831 596 3 are be VBP 39831 596 4 taken take VBN 39831 596 5 from from IN 39831 596 6 a a DT 39831 596 7 splash splash NN 39831 596 8 into into IN 39831 596 9 petroleum petroleum NN 39831 596 10 with with IN 39831 596 11 24·5 24·5 NNP 39831 596 12 cm cm NNS 39831 596 13 . . . 39831 597 1 fall fall VB 39831 597 2 . . . 39831 597 3 ) ) -RRB- 39831 598 1 But but CC 39831 598 2 the the DT 39831 598 3 last last JJ 39831 598 4 two two CD 39831 598 5 figures figure NNS 39831 598 6 , , , 39831 598 7 4 4 CD 39831 598 8 and and CC 39831 598 9 5 5 CD 39831 598 10 ( ( -LRB- 39831 598 11 taken take VBN 39831 598 12 with with IN 39831 598 13 a a DT 39831 598 14 32 32 CD 39831 598 15 cm cm NNS 39831 598 16 . . . 39831 599 1 fall fall VB 39831 599 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 599 3 , , , 39831 599 4 show show VB 39831 599 5 how how WRB 39831 599 6 a a DT 39831 599 7 bubble bubble NN 39831 599 8 which which WDT 39831 599 9 might may MD 39831 599 10 otherwise otherwise RB 39831 599 11 have have VB 39831 599 12 been be VBN 39831 599 13 permanent permanent JJ 39831 599 14 , , , 39831 599 15 is be VBZ 39831 599 16 stabbed stab VBN 39831 599 17 by by IN 39831 599 18 the the DT 39831 599 19 rising rise VBG 39831 599 20 jet jet NN 39831 599 21 and and CC 39831 599 22 destroyed destroy VBN 39831 599 23 . . . 39831 600 1 With with IN 39831 600 2 water water NN 39831 600 3 and and CC 39831 600 4 60 60 CD 39831 600 5 cm cm NNS 39831 600 6 . . . 39831 601 1 fall fall VB 39831 601 2 the the DT 39831 601 3 jet jet NN 39831 601 4 appears appear VBZ 39831 601 5 sometimes sometimes RB 39831 601 6 to to TO 39831 601 7 rise rise VB 39831 601 8 quite quite RB 39831 601 9 unimpeded unimpeded JJ 39831 601 10 , , , 39831 601 11 and and CC 39831 601 12 sometimes sometimes RB 39831 601 13 to to TO 39831 601 14 be be VB 39831 601 15 checked check VBN 39831 601 16 by by IN 39831 601 17 the the DT 39831 601 18 still still RB 39831 601 19 closed close VBN 39831 601 20 bubble bubble NN 39831 601 21 . . . 39831 602 1 Before before IN 39831 602 2 leaving leave VBG 39831 602 3 the the DT 39831 602 4 splash splash NN 39831 602 5 of of IN 39831 602 6 a a DT 39831 602 7 rough rough JJ 39831 602 8 sphere sphere NN 39831 602 9 , , , 39831 602 10 I -PRON- PRP 39831 602 11 desire desire VBP 39831 602 12 to to TO 39831 602 13 call call VB 39831 602 14 the the DT 39831 602 15 reader reader NN 39831 602 16 's 's POS 39831 602 17 attention attention NN 39831 602 18 to to IN 39831 602 19 another another DT 39831 602 20 point point NN 39831 602 21 . . . 39831 603 1 Such such JJ 39831 603 2 figures figure NNS 39831 603 3 as as IN 39831 603 4 7 7 CD 39831 603 5 , , , 39831 603 6 9 9 CD 39831 603 7 , , , 39831 603 8 and and CC 39831 603 9 10 10 CD 39831 603 10 of of IN 39831 603 11 Series Series NNP 39831 603 12 V V NNP 39831 603 13 , , , 39831 603 14 p. p. NN 39831 603 15 77 77 CD 39831 603 16 , , , 39831 603 17 show show VBP 39831 603 18 that that IN 39831 603 19 the the DT 39831 603 20 surface surface NN 39831 603 21 of of IN 39831 603 22 the the DT 39831 603 23 liquid liquid NN 39831 603 24 beyond beyond IN 39831 603 25 the the DT 39831 603 26 walls wall NNS 39831 603 27 of of IN 39831 603 28 the the DT 39831 603 29 crater crater NN 39831 603 30 is be VBZ 39831 603 31 still still RB 39831 603 32 flat flat JJ 39831 603 33 and and CC 39831 603 34 undisturbed undisturbed JJ 39831 603 35 ; ; : 39831 603 36 yet yet CC 39831 603 37 we -PRON- PRP 39831 603 38 now now RB 39831 603 39 know know VBP 39831 603 40 from from IN 39831 603 41 the the DT 39831 603 42 corresponding correspond VBG 39831 603 43 Figs fig NNS 39831 603 44 . . . 39831 604 1 5 5 CD 39831 604 2 , , , 39831 604 3 6 6 CD 39831 604 4 , , , 39831 604 5 and and CC 39831 604 6 7 7 CD 39831 604 7 of of IN 39831 604 8 Series Series NNP 39831 604 9 VI VI NNP 39831 604 10 , , , 39831 604 11 p. p. NN 39831 604 12 83 83 CD 39831 604 13 , , , 39831 604 14 that that IN 39831 604 15 a a DT 39831 604 16 large large JJ 39831 604 17 volume volume NN 39831 604 18 of of IN 39831 604 19 liquid liquid NN 39831 604 20 has have VBZ 39831 604 21 been be VBN 39831 604 22 displaced displace VBN 39831 604 23 , , , 39831 604 24 much much RB 39831 604 25 larger large JJR 39831 604 26 than than IN 39831 604 27 the the DT 39831 604 28 quantity quantity NN 39831 604 29 required require VBN 39831 604 30 to to TO 39831 604 31 form form VB 39831 604 32 the the DT 39831 604 33 crater crater NN 39831 604 34 wall wall NN 39831 604 35 . . . 39831 605 1 The the DT 39831 605 2 inference inference NN 39831 605 3 is be VBZ 39831 605 4 that that IN 39831 605 5 the the DT 39831 605 6 level level NN 39831 605 7 of of IN 39831 605 8 the the DT 39831 605 9 surface surface NN 39831 605 10 has have VBZ 39831 605 11 been be VBN 39831 605 12 slightly slightly RB 39831 605 13 raised raise VBN 39831 605 14 even even RB 39831 605 15 at at IN 39831 605 16 a a DT 39831 605 17 great great JJ 39831 605 18 distance distance NN 39831 605 19 from from IN 39831 605 20 the the DT 39831 605 21 place place NN 39831 605 22 of of IN 39831 605 23 the the DT 39831 605 24 splash splash NN 39831 605 25 . . . 39831 606 1 Figs fig NNS 39831 606 2 . . . 39831 607 1 7 7 CD 39831 607 2 , , , 39831 607 3 8 8 CD 39831 607 4 , , , 39831 607 5 and and CC 39831 607 6 9 9 CD 39831 607 7 of of IN 39831 607 8 Series Series NNP 39831 607 9 VI VI NNP 39831 607 10 themselves -PRON- PRP 39831 607 11 confirm confirm VBP 39831 607 12 the the DT 39831 607 13 impression impression NN 39831 607 14 of of IN 39831 607 15 the the DT 39831 607 16 undisturbed undisturbed JJ 39831 607 17 flatness flatness NN 39831 607 18 of of IN 39831 607 19 the the DT 39831 607 20 surface surface NN 39831 607 21 at at IN 39831 607 22 even even RB 39831 607 23 a a DT 39831 607 24 small small JJ 39831 607 25 distance distance NN 39831 607 26 from from IN 39831 607 27 the the DT 39831 607 28 splash splash NN 39831 607 29 . . . 39831 608 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 608 2 2 2 LS 39831 608 3 ) ) -RRB- 39831 608 4 THE the DT 39831 608 5 SPLASH splash NN 39831 608 6 OF of IN 39831 608 7 A a DT 39831 608 8 SMOOTH smooth JJ 39831 608 9 SPHERE SPHERE NNS 39831 608 10 . . . 39831 609 1 The the DT 39831 609 2 reader reader NN 39831 609 3 who who WP 39831 609 4 has have VBZ 39831 609 5 been be VBN 39831 609 6 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39831 609 7 interested interested JJ 39831 609 8 to to TO 39831 609 9 make make VB 39831 609 10 for for IN 39831 609 11 himself -PRON- PRP 39831 609 12 the the DT 39831 609 13 simple simple JJ 39831 609 14 experiment experiment NN 39831 609 15 suggested suggest VBD 39831 609 16 at at IN 39831 609 17 the the DT 39831 609 18 beginning beginning NN 39831 609 19 of of IN 39831 609 20 this this DT 39831 609 21 chapter chapter NN 39831 609 22 , , , 39831 609 23 will will MD 39831 609 24 have have VB 39831 609 25 already already RB 39831 609 26 realized realize VBN 39831 609 27 that that IN 39831 609 28 the the DT 39831 609 29 splash splash NN 39831 609 30 of of IN 39831 609 31 a a DT 39831 609 32 smooth smooth JJ 39831 609 33 sphere sphere NN 39831 609 34 is be VBZ 39831 609 35 totally totally RB 39831 609 36 different different JJ 39831 609 37 from from IN 39831 609 38 that that DT 39831 609 39 of of IN 39831 609 40 a a DT 39831 609 41 rough rough JJ 39831 609 42 one one NN 39831 609 43 . . . 39831 610 1 The the DT 39831 610 2 photographs photograph NNS 39831 610 3 of of IN 39831 610 4 Series Series NNP 39831 610 5 IX IX NNP 39831 610 6 show show VBP 39831 610 7 that that IN 39831 610 8 the the DT 39831 610 9 difference difference NN 39831 610 10 is be VBZ 39831 610 11 quite quite RB 39831 610 12 pronounced pronounce VBN 39831 610 13 from from IN 39831 610 14 the the DT 39831 610 15 first first JJ 39831 610 16 instant instant NN 39831 610 17 of of IN 39831 610 18 contact contact NN 39831 610 19 . . . 39831 611 1 In in IN 39831 611 2 this this DT 39831 611 3 series series NN 39831 611 4 the the DT 39831 611 5 sphere sphere NN 39831 611 6 was be VBD 39831 611 7 of of IN 39831 611 8 polished polished JJ 39831 611 9 stone stone NN 39831 611 10 3·2 3â·2 CD 39831 611 11 cm cm NNS 39831 611 12 . . . 39831 612 1 in in IN 39831 612 2 diameter diameter NN 39831 612 3 and and CC 39831 612 4 fell fall VBD 39831 612 5 14 14 CD 39831 612 6 cm cm NNS 39831 612 7 . . . 39831 613 1 The the DT 39831 613 2 scale scale NN 39831 613 3 of of IN 39831 613 4 magnification magnification NN 39831 613 5 is be VBZ 39831 613 6 3/4 3/4 CD 39831 613 7 . . . 39831 614 1 The the DT 39831 614 2 second second JJ 39831 614 3 figure figure NN 39831 614 4 shows show VBZ 39831 614 5 that that IN 39831 614 6 the the DT 39831 614 7 liquid liquid NN 39831 614 8 , , , 39831 614 9 instead instead RB 39831 614 10 of of IN 39831 614 11 being be VBG 39831 614 12 driven drive VBN 39831 614 13 away away RB 39831 614 14 from from IN 39831 614 15 the the DT 39831 614 16 surface surface NN 39831 614 17 as as IN 39831 614 18 was be VBD 39831 614 19 the the DT 39831 614 20 case case NN 39831 614 21 with with IN 39831 614 22 a a DT 39831 614 23 rough rough JJ 39831 614 24 sphere sphere NN 39831 614 25 , , , 39831 614 26 now now RB 39831 614 27 rises rise VBZ 39831 614 28 up up RP 39831 614 29 in in IN 39831 614 30 a a DT 39831 614 31 thin thin JJ 39831 614 32 , , , 39831 614 33 closely closely RB 39831 614 34 - - HYPH 39831 614 35 fitting fitting JJ 39831 614 36 sheath sheath NN 39831 614 37 which which WDT 39831 614 38 ( ( -LRB- 39831 614 39 see see VB 39831 614 40 Fig Fig NNP 39831 614 41 . . . 39831 615 1 3 3 LS 39831 615 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 615 3 completely completely RB 39831 615 4 envelops envelop VBZ 39831 615 5 the the DT 39831 615 6 sphere sphere NN 39831 615 7 even even RB 39831 615 8 before before IN 39831 615 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 615 10 summit summit NN 39831 615 11 has have VBZ 39831 615 12 reached reach VBN 39831 615 13 the the DT 39831 615 14 water water NN 39831 615 15 - - HYPH 39831 615 16 level level NN 39831 615 17 . . . 39831 616 1 Figs fig NNS 39831 616 2 . . . 39831 617 1 4 4 CD 39831 617 2 and and CC 39831 617 3 5 5 CD 39831 617 4 show show VBP 39831 617 5 the the DT 39831 617 6 comparatively comparatively RB 39831 617 7 insignificant insignificant JJ 39831 617 8 column column NN 39831 617 9 that that WDT 39831 617 10 remains remain VBZ 39831 617 11 to to TO 39831 617 12 mark mark VB 39831 617 13 the the DT 39831 617 14 spot spot NN 39831 617 15 where where WRB 39831 617 16 the the DT 39831 617 17 sphere sphere NN 39831 617 18 has have VBZ 39831 617 19 entered enter VBN 39831 617 20 . . . 39831 618 1 Fig fig NN 39831 618 2 . . . 39831 619 1 6 6 CD 39831 619 2 was be VBD 39831 619 3 the the DT 39831 619 4 result result NN 39831 619 5 of of IN 39831 619 6 a a DT 39831 619 7 lucky lucky JJ 39831 619 8 accident accident NN 39831 619 9 , , , 39831 619 10 which which WDT 39831 619 11 left leave VBD 39831 619 12 the the DT 39831 619 13 sphere sphere NN 39831 619 14 rough rough JJ 39831 619 15 on on IN 39831 619 16 the the DT 39831 619 17 right right JJ 39831 619 18 - - HYPH 39831 619 19 hand hand NN 39831 619 20 side side NN 39831 619 21 , , , 39831 619 22 smooth smooth VB 39831 619 23 on on IN 39831 619 24 the the DT 39831 619 25 left left NN 39831 619 26 . . . 39831 620 1 Nothing nothing NN 39831 620 2 could could MD 39831 620 3 show show VB 39831 620 4 better well RBR 39831 620 5 than than IN 39831 620 6 this this DT 39831 620 7 photograph photograph VB 39831 620 8 the the DT 39831 620 9 essential essential JJ 39831 620 10 difference difference NN 39831 620 11 between between IN 39831 620 12 the the DT 39831 620 13 two two CD 39831 620 14 splashes splash NNS 39831 620 15 . . . 39831 621 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 621 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 621 3 : : : 39831 621 4 SERIES serie NNS 39831 621 5 VIII viii NN 39831 621 6 Rough rough JJ 39831 621 7 sphere sphere NN 39831 621 8 . . . 39831 622 1 Splashes splash NNS 39831 622 2 viewed view VBN 39831 622 3 below below IN 39831 622 4 the the DT 39831 622 5 surface surface NN 39831 622 6 . . . 39831 623 1 The the DT 39831 623 2 bursting bursting NN 39831 623 3 of of IN 39831 623 4 the the DT 39831 623 5 bubble bubble NN 39831 623 6 . . . 39831 624 1 1 1 CD 39831 624 2 0·055 0·055 NNP 39831 624 3 sec sec NNP 39831 624 4 . . . 39831 625 1 From from IN 39831 625 2 a a DT 39831 625 3 splash splash NN 39831 625 4 into into IN 39831 625 5 Petroleum Petroleum NNP 39831 625 6 24·5 24·5 NNP 39831 625 7 cm cm NNS 39831 625 8 . . . 39831 626 1 fall fall VB 39831 626 2 . . . 39831 627 1 2 2 CD 39831 627 2 0·060 0·060 NNP 39831 627 3 sec sec NNP 39831 627 4 . . . 39831 628 1 3 3 CD 39831 628 2 0·064 0·064 NNP 39831 628 3 sec sec NNP 39831 628 4 . . . 39831 629 1 From from IN 39831 629 2 a a DT 39831 629 3 splash splash NN 39831 629 4 into into IN 39831 629 5 Petroleum Petroleum NNP 39831 629 6 32 32 CD 39831 629 7 cm cm NNS 39831 629 8 . . . 39831 630 1 fall fall VB 39831 630 2 . . . 39831 631 1 4 4 CD 39831 631 2 0·070 0·070 NNP 39831 631 3 sec sec NNP 39831 631 4 . . . 39831 632 1 5 5 CD 39831 632 2 0·082 0â·082 CD 39831 632 3 sec sec NNP 39831 632 4 . . . 39831 632 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 633 1 The the DT 39831 633 2 reader reader NN 39831 633 3 's 's POS 39831 633 4 attention attention NN 39831 633 5 is be VBZ 39831 633 6 directed direct VBN 39831 633 7 to to IN 39831 633 8 the the DT 39831 633 9 remarkably remarkably RB 39831 633 10 deep deep JJ 39831 633 11 furrows furrow NNS 39831 633 12 which which WDT 39831 633 13 characterize characterize VBP 39831 633 14 the the DT 39831 633 15 whole whole JJ 39831 633 16 sheath sheath NN 39831 633 17 in in IN 39831 633 18 Fig Fig NNP 39831 633 19 . . . 39831 634 1 3 3 CD 39831 634 2 and and CC 39831 634 3 the the DT 39831 634 4 left left JJ 39831 634 5 - - HYPH 39831 634 6 hand hand NN 39831 634 7 ( ( -LRB- 39831 634 8 smooth smooth JJ 39831 634 9 splash splash NN 39831 634 10 ) ) -RRB- 39831 634 11 part part NN 39831 634 12 in in IN 39831 634 13 Fig Fig NNP 39831 634 14 . . . 39831 635 1 5 5 CD 39831 635 2 . . . 39831 636 1 About about IN 39831 636 2 these these DT 39831 636 3 furrows furrow NNS 39831 636 4 we -PRON- PRP 39831 636 5 shall shall MD 39831 636 6 have have VB 39831 636 7 something something NN 39831 636 8 to to TO 39831 636 9 say say VB 39831 636 10 later later RB 39831 636 11 . . . 39831 637 1 A a DT 39831 637 2 better well JJR 39831 637 3 idea idea NN 39831 637 4 of of IN 39831 637 5 the the DT 39831 637 6 extreme extreme JJ 39831 637 7 thinness thinness NN 39831 637 8 of of IN 39831 637 9 the the DT 39831 637 10 enveloping envelop VBG 39831 637 11 sheath sheath NN 39831 637 12 is be VBZ 39831 637 13 obtained obtain VBN 39831 637 14 when when WRB 39831 637 15 the the DT 39831 637 16 illumination illumination NN 39831 637 17 is be VBZ 39831 637 18 from from IN 39831 637 19 behind behind RB 39831 637 20 as as IN 39831 637 21 in in IN 39831 637 22 Series Series NNP 39831 637 23 X X NNP 39831 637 24 , , , 39831 637 25 in in IN 39831 637 26 which which WDT 39831 637 27 the the DT 39831 637 28 sphere sphere NN 39831 637 29 was be VBD 39831 637 30 of of IN 39831 637 31 highly highly RB 39831 637 32 polished polished JJ 39831 637 33 serpentine serpentine NN 39831 637 34 stone stone NN 39831 637 35 2·57 2â·57 CD 39831 637 36 cm cm NNS 39831 637 37 . . . 39831 638 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 638 2 or or CC 39831 638 3 just just RB 39831 638 4 over over IN 39831 638 5 1 1 CD 39831 638 6 inch inch NN 39831 638 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 638 8 in in IN 39831 638 9 diameter diameter NN 39831 638 10 , , , 39831 638 11 the the DT 39831 638 12 fall fall NN 39831 638 13 being be VBG 39831 638 14 14 14 CD 39831 638 15 cm cm NNS 39831 638 16 . . . 39831 639 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 639 2 or or CC 39831 639 3 not not RB 39831 639 4 quite quite RB 39831 639 5 6 6 CD 39831 639 6 inches inch NNS 39831 639 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 639 8 . . . 39831 640 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 640 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 640 3 : : : 39831 640 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 640 5 IX IX NNP 39831 640 6 The the DT 39831 640 7 " " `` 39831 640 8 sheath sheath NN 39831 640 9 " " '' 39831 640 10 splash splash NN 39831 640 11 of of IN 39831 640 12 a a DT 39831 640 13 smooth smooth JJ 39831 640 14 sphere sphere NN 39831 640 15 . . . 39831 641 1 1 1 CD 39831 641 2 T t NN 39831 641 3 = = SYM 39831 641 4 0 0 CD 39831 641 5 2 2 CD 39831 641 6 0·002 0·002 NNP 39831 641 7 sec sec NNP 39831 641 8 . . . 39831 642 1 3 3 CD 39831 642 2 0·013 0·013 NNP 39831 642 3 sec sec NNP 39831 642 4 . . . 39831 643 1 4 4 CD 39831 643 2 0·024 0·024 NNP 39831 643 3 sec sec NNP 39831 643 4 . . . 39831 644 1 5 5 CD 39831 644 2 0·039 0·039 NNP 39831 644 3 sec sec NNP 39831 644 4 . . . 39831 645 1 6 6 LS 39831 645 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 645 3 Examination examination NN 39831 645 4 of of IN 39831 645 5 either either DT 39831 645 6 Series Series NNP 39831 645 7 IX IX NNP 39831 645 8 or or CC 39831 645 9 Series Series NNP 39831 645 10 X X NNP 39831 645 11 shows show VBZ 39831 645 12 that that IN 39831 645 13 with with IN 39831 645 14 the the DT 39831 645 15 smooth smooth JJ 39831 645 16 sphere sphere NN 39831 645 17 as as IN 39831 645 18 with with IN 39831 645 19 the the DT 39831 645 20 rough rough JJ 39831 645 21 the the DT 39831 645 22 amount amount NN 39831 645 23 of of IN 39831 645 24 water water NN 39831 645 25 lifted lift VBN 39831 645 26 above above IN 39831 645 27 the the DT 39831 645 28 surface surface NN 39831 645 29 in in IN 39831 645 30 the the DT 39831 645 31 immediate immediate JJ 39831 645 32 neighbourhood neighbourhood NN 39831 645 33 of of IN 39831 645 34 the the DT 39831 645 35 splash splash NN 39831 645 36 is be VBZ 39831 645 37 much much RB 39831 645 38 less less JJR 39831 645 39 than than IN 39831 645 40 the the DT 39831 645 41 whole whole JJ 39831 645 42 volume volume NN 39831 645 43 displaced displace VBD 39831 645 44 , , , 39831 645 45 so so IN 39831 645 46 that that IN 39831 645 47 we -PRON- PRP 39831 645 48 are be VBP 39831 645 49 again again RB 39831 645 50 driven drive VBN 39831 645 51 to to IN 39831 645 52 the the DT 39831 645 53 conclusion conclusion NN 39831 645 54 that that IN 39831 645 55 the the DT 39831 645 56 surface surface NN 39831 645 57 at at IN 39831 645 58 even even RB 39831 645 59 a a DT 39831 645 60 considerable considerable JJ 39831 645 61 distance distance NN 39831 645 62 must must MD 39831 645 63 be be VB 39831 645 64 bodily bodily RB 39831 645 65 lifted lift VBN 39831 645 66 without without IN 39831 645 67 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 645 68 flatness flatness NN 39831 645 69 being be VBG 39831 645 70 sensibly sensibly RB 39831 645 71 disturbed disturb VBN 39831 645 72 . . . 39831 646 1 This this DT 39831 646 2 conclusion conclusion NN 39831 646 3 was be VBD 39831 646 4 confirmed confirm VBN 39831 646 5 by by IN 39831 646 6 a a DT 39831 646 7 direct direct JJ 39831 646 8 experiment experiment NN 39831 646 9 . . . 39831 647 1 The the DT 39831 647 2 not not RB 39831 647 3 very very RB 39831 647 4 wide wide JJ 39831 647 5 vessel vessel NN 39831 647 6 of of IN 39831 647 7 Fig Fig NNP 39831 647 8 . . . 39831 648 1 A a DT 39831 648 2 was be VBD 39831 648 3 taken take VBN 39831 648 4 and and CC 39831 648 5 filled fill VBN 39831 648 6 brimful brimful JJ 39831 648 7 with with IN 39831 648 8 milk milk NN 39831 648 9 , , , 39831 648 10 and and CC 39831 648 11 the the DT 39831 648 12 lower low JJR 39831 648 13 edge edge NN 39831 648 14 of of IN 39831 648 15 a a DT 39831 648 16 card card NN 39831 648 17 millimetre millimetre NN 39831 648 18 scale scale NN 39831 648 19 was be VBD 39831 648 20 placed place VBN 39831 648 21 just just RB 39831 648 22 in in IN 39831 648 23 contact contact NN 39831 648 24 with with IN 39831 648 25 the the DT 39831 648 26 liquid liquid JJ 39831 648 27 surface surface NN 39831 648 28 at at IN 39831 648 29 one one CD 39831 648 30 side side NN 39831 648 31 . . . 39831 649 1 The the DT 39831 649 2 reader reader NN 39831 649 3 should should MD 39831 649 4 notice notice VB 39831 649 5 that that IN 39831 649 6 the the DT 39831 649 7 liquid liquid NN 39831 649 8 is be VBZ 39831 649 9 not not RB 39831 649 10 quite quite RB 39831 649 11 up up IN 39831 649 12 to to IN 39831 649 13 the the DT 39831 649 14 level level NN 39831 649 15 of of IN 39831 649 16 the the DT 39831 649 17 spout spout NN 39831 649 18 on on IN 39831 649 19 the the DT 39831 649 20 right right JJ 39831 649 21 - - HYPH 39831 649 22 hand hand NN 39831 649 23 side side NN 39831 649 24 of of IN 39831 649 25 this this DT 39831 649 26 figure figure NN 39831 649 27 . . . 39831 650 1 Then then RB 39831 650 2 the the DT 39831 650 3 sphere sphere NN 39831 650 4 was be VBD 39831 650 5 dropped drop VBN 39831 650 6 in in IN 39831 650 7 and and CC 39831 650 8 the the DT 39831 650 9 photograph photograph NN 39831 650 10 of of IN 39831 650 11 Fig Fig NNP 39831 650 12 . . . 39831 651 1 B B NNP 39831 651 2 was be VBD 39831 651 3 taken take VBN 39831 651 4 when when WRB 39831 651 5 the the DT 39831 651 6 sphere sphere NN 39831 651 7 was be VBD 39831 651 8 about about RB 39831 651 9 two two CD 39831 651 10 - - HYPH 39831 651 11 thirds third NNS 39831 651 12 immersed immerse VBN 39831 651 13 . . . 39831 652 1 The the DT 39831 652 2 rise rise NN 39831 652 3 at at IN 39831 652 4 the the DT 39831 652 5 edge edge NN 39831 652 6 of of IN 39831 652 7 the the DT 39831 652 8 scale scale NN 39831 652 9 is be VBZ 39831 652 10 about about RB 39831 652 11 3 3 CD 39831 652 12 millimetres millimetre NNS 39831 652 13 , , , 39831 652 14 and and CC 39831 652 15 there there EX 39831 652 16 is be VBZ 39831 652 17 an an DT 39831 652 18 apparently apparently RB 39831 652 19 equal equal JJ 39831 652 20 rise rise NN 39831 652 21 at at IN 39831 652 22 the the DT 39831 652 23 spout spout NN 39831 652 24 , , , 39831 652 25 where where WRB 39831 652 26 , , , 39831 652 27 however however RB 39831 652 28 , , , 39831 652 29 the the DT 39831 652 30 surface surface NN 39831 652 31 appears appear VBZ 39831 652 32 quite quite RB 39831 652 33 flat flat JJ 39831 652 34 . . . 39831 653 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 653 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 653 3 : : : 39831 653 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 653 5 . . . 39831 654 1 A a LS 39831 654 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 654 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 654 4 Illustration illustration NN 39831 654 5 : : : 39831 654 6 FIG FIG NNP 39831 654 7 . . . 39831 655 1 B b LS 39831 655 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 655 3 It -PRON- PRP 39831 655 4 seems seem VBZ 39831 655 5 probable probable JJ 39831 655 6 , , , 39831 655 7 then then RB 39831 655 8 , , , 39831 655 9 that that IN 39831 655 10 whenever whenever WRB 39831 655 11 a a DT 39831 655 12 stone stone NN 39831 655 13 is be VBZ 39831 655 14 thrown throw VBN 39831 655 15 into into IN 39831 655 16 a a DT 39831 655 17 lake lake NN 39831 655 18 the the DT 39831 655 19 impulse impulse NN 39831 655 20 accompanying accompany VBG 39831 655 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 655 22 entry entry NN 39831 655 23 travels travel VBZ 39831 655 24 with with IN 39831 655 25 the the DT 39831 655 26 velocity velocity NN 39831 655 27 of of IN 39831 655 28 a a DT 39831 655 29 compressional compressional JJ 39831 655 30 wave wave NN 39831 655 31 ( ( -LRB- 39831 655 32 i.e. i.e. FW 39831 656 1 with with IN 39831 656 2 the the DT 39831 656 3 velocity velocity NN 39831 656 4 of of IN 39831 656 5 sound sound NN 39831 656 6 ) ) -RRB- 39831 656 7 through through IN 39831 656 8 the the DT 39831 656 9 liquid liquid NN 39831 656 10 , , , 39831 656 11 and and CC 39831 656 12 is be VBZ 39831 656 13 therefore therefore RB 39831 656 14 almost almost RB 39831 656 15 instantly instantly RB 39831 656 16 felt feel VBD 39831 656 17 and and CC 39831 656 18 produces produce VBZ 39831 656 19 a a DT 39831 656 20 minute minute JJ 39831 656 21 rise rise NN 39831 656 22 of of IN 39831 656 23 level level NN 39831 656 24 even even RB 39831 656 25 in in IN 39831 656 26 remote remote JJ 39831 656 27 parts part NNS 39831 656 28 of of IN 39831 656 29 the the DT 39831 656 30 lake lake NN 39831 656 31 long long RB 39831 656 32 before before IN 39831 656 33 the the DT 39831 656 34 arrival arrival NN 39831 656 35 of of IN 39831 656 36 any any DT 39831 656 37 ripple ripple NN 39831 656 38 or or CC 39831 656 39 surface surface NN 39831 656 40 disturbance disturbance NN 39831 656 41 . . . 39831 657 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 657 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 657 3 : : : 39831 657 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 657 5 X X NNP 39831 657 6 Polished polished JJ 39831 657 7 serpentine serpentine NN 39831 657 8 sphere sphere NN 39831 657 9 falling fall VBG 39831 657 10 14 14 CD 39831 657 11 cm cm NNS 39831 657 12 . . . 39831 658 1 into into IN 39831 658 2 water water NN 39831 658 3 . . . 39831 659 1 1 1 CD 39831 659 2 0·003 0â·003 NN 39831 659 3 sec sec NNP 39831 659 4 . . . 39831 660 1 2 2 CD 39831 660 2 0·006 0·006 NNP 39831 660 3 sec sec NNP 39831 660 4 . . . 39831 661 1 3 3 CD 39831 661 2 0·008 0·008 NNP 39831 661 3 sec sec NNP 39831 661 4 . . . 39831 662 1 4 4 CD 39831 662 2 0·011 0·011 NNP 39831 662 3 sec sec NNP 39831 662 4 . . . 39831 663 1 5 5 CD 39831 663 2 0·013 0·013 NNP 39831 663 3 sec sec NNP 39831 663 4 . . . 39831 664 1 6 6 CD 39831 664 2 0·014 0â·014 NN 39831 664 3 sec sec NNP 39831 664 4 . . . 39831 664 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 665 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 665 2 may may MD 39831 665 3 here here RB 39831 665 4 be be VB 39831 665 5 observed observe VBN 39831 665 6 that that IN 39831 665 7 whether whether IN 39831 665 8 the the DT 39831 665 9 sphere sphere NN 39831 665 10 be be VB 39831 665 11 rough rough JJ 39831 665 12 or or CC 39831 665 13 smooth smooth JJ 39831 665 14 , , , 39831 665 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 665 16 size size NN 39831 665 17 makes make VBZ 39831 665 18 little little JJ 39831 665 19 or or CC 39831 665 20 no no DT 39831 665 21 difference difference NN 39831 665 22 in in IN 39831 665 23 the the DT 39831 665 24 character character NN 39831 665 25 of of IN 39831 665 26 the the DT 39831 665 27 splash splash NN 39831 665 28 , , , 39831 665 29 within within IN 39831 665 30 a a DT 39831 665 31 range range NN 39831 665 32 of of IN 39831 665 33 diameter diameter NN 39831 665 34 from from IN 39831 665 35 12 12 CD 39831 665 36 to to TO 39831 665 37 32 32 CD 39831 665 38 millimetres millimetre NNS 39831 665 39 -- -- : 39831 665 40 i.e i.e NNP 39831 665 41 . . . 39831 666 1 from from IN 39831 666 2 about about RB 39831 666 3 1/2 1/2 CD 39831 666 4 inch inch NN 39831 666 5 to to IN 39831 666 6 about about RB 39831 666 7 1 1 CD 39831 666 8 - - SYM 39831 666 9 1/3 1/3 CD 39831 666 10 inches inch NNS 39831 666 11 . . . 39831 667 1 No no RB 39831 667 2 doubt doubt NN 39831 667 3 with with IN 39831 667 4 a a DT 39831 667 5 very very RB 39831 667 6 large large JJ 39831 667 7 sphere sphere NN 39831 667 8 , , , 39831 667 9 taking take VBG 39831 667 10 a a DT 39831 667 11 long long JJ 39831 667 12 time time NN 39831 667 13 to to TO 39831 667 14 enter enter VB 39831 667 15 , , , 39831 667 16 the the DT 39831 667 17 splash splash NN 39831 667 18 would would MD 39831 667 19 be be VB 39831 667 20 controlled control VBN 39831 667 21 more more JJR 39831 667 22 by by IN 39831 667 23 gravity gravity NN 39831 667 24 than than IN 39831 667 25 by by IN 39831 667 26 surface surface NN 39831 667 27 - - HYPH 39831 667 28 tension tension NN 39831 667 29 , , , 39831 667 30 but but CC 39831 667 31 so so RB 39831 667 32 long long RB 39831 667 33 as as IN 39831 667 34 the the DT 39831 667 35 sphere sphere NN 39831 667 36 is be VBZ 39831 667 37 within within IN 39831 667 38 the the DT 39831 667 39 limits limit NNS 39831 667 40 mentioned mention VBD 39831 667 41 this this DT 39831 667 42 is be VBZ 39831 667 43 not not RB 39831 667 44 the the DT 39831 667 45 case case NN 39831 667 46 unless unless IN 39831 667 47 the the DT 39831 667 48 height height NN 39831 667 49 of of IN 39831 667 50 fall fall NN 39831 667 51 be be VB 39831 667 52 made make VBN 39831 667 53 very very RB 39831 667 54 small small JJ 39831 667 55 indeed indeed RB 39831 667 56 . . . 39831 668 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 668 2 VIII viii VBP 39831 668 3 THE the DT 39831 668 4 TRANSITION transition NN 39831 668 5 FROM from IN 39831 668 6 THE the DT 39831 668 7 SMOOTH smooth JJ 39831 668 8 OR or CC 39831 668 9 " " `` 39831 668 10 SHEATH sheath NN 39831 668 11 " " '' 39831 668 12 SPLASH SPLASH VBG 39831 668 13 TO to IN 39831 668 14 THE the DT 39831 668 15 ROUGH rough JJ 39831 668 16 OR or CC 39831 668 17 " " `` 39831 668 18 BASKET basket NN 39831 668 19 " " '' 39831 668 20 SPLASH splash NN 39831 668 21 THE the DT 39831 668 22 INFLUENCE influence NN 39831 668 23 OF of IN 39831 668 24 VELOCITY velocity NN 39831 668 25 . . . 39831 669 1 If if IN 39831 669 2 we -PRON- PRP 39831 669 3 gradually gradually RB 39831 669 4 increase increase VBP 39831 669 5 the the DT 39831 669 6 velocity velocity NN 39831 669 7 with with IN 39831 669 8 which which WDT 39831 669 9 a a DT 39831 669 10 well well RB 39831 669 11 - - HYPH 39831 669 12 polished polished JJ 39831 669 13 sphere sphere NN 39831 669 14 enters enter VBZ 39831 669 15 the the DT 39831 669 16 liquid liquid NN 39831 669 17 we -PRON- PRP 39831 669 18 find find VBP 39831 669 19 that that IN 39831 669 20 there there EX 39831 669 21 is be VBZ 39831 669 22 a a DT 39831 669 23 gradual gradual JJ 39831 669 24 transition transition NN 39831 669 25 from from IN 39831 669 26 the the DT 39831 669 27 silent silent JJ 39831 669 28 " " `` 39831 669 29 smooth smooth JJ 39831 669 30 " " '' 39831 669 31 or or CC 39831 669 32 " " `` 39831 669 33 sheath sheath NN 39831 669 34 " " '' 39831 669 35 splash splash NN 39831 669 36 taking take VBG 39831 669 37 down down RP 39831 669 38 no no DT 39831 669 39 air air NN 39831 669 40 and and CC 39831 669 41 giving give VBG 39831 669 42 rise rise NN 39831 669 43 to to IN 39831 669 44 only only RB 39831 669 45 an an DT 39831 669 46 insignificant insignificant JJ 39831 669 47 column column NN 39831 669 48 , , , 39831 669 49 to to IN 39831 669 50 the the DT 39831 669 51 noisy noisy JJ 39831 669 52 , , , 39831 669 53 " " `` 39831 669 54 rough rough JJ 39831 669 55 , , , 39831 669 56 " " '' 39831 669 57 " " `` 39831 669 58 basket basket NN 39831 669 59 " " '' 39831 669 60 splash splash NN 39831 669 61 taking take VBG 39831 669 62 down down RP 39831 669 63 much much JJ 39831 669 64 air air NN 39831 669 65 and and CC 39831 669 66 throwing throw VBG 39831 669 67 up up RP 39831 669 68 a a DT 39831 669 69 tall tall JJ 39831 669 70 and and CC 39831 669 71 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 39831 669 72 jet jet NN 39831 669 73 . . . 39831 670 1 Thus thus RB 39831 670 2 in in IN 39831 670 3 the the DT 39831 670 4 fourth fourth JJ 39831 670 5 figure figure NN 39831 670 6 of of IN 39831 670 7 Series Series NNP 39831 670 8 XI XI NNP 39831 670 9 , , , 39831 670 10 in in IN 39831 670 11 which which WDT 39831 670 12 the the DT 39831 670 13 height height NN 39831 670 14 of of IN 39831 670 15 fall fall NN 39831 670 16 has have VBZ 39831 670 17 been be VBN 39831 670 18 increased increase VBN 39831 670 19 from from IN 39831 670 20 15 15 CD 39831 670 21 to to TO 39831 670 22 60 60 CD 39831 670 23 cm cm NNS 39831 670 24 . . . 39831 671 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 671 2 i.e. i.e. FW 39831 672 1 from from IN 39831 672 2 6 6 CD 39831 672 3 inches inch NNS 39831 672 4 to to IN 39831 672 5 2 2 CD 39831 672 6 feet foot NNS 39831 672 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 672 8 , , , 39831 672 9 the the DT 39831 672 10 sphere sphere NN 39831 672 11 being being NN 39831 672 12 of of IN 39831 672 13 polished polished JJ 39831 672 14 ivory ivory NN 39831 672 15 , , , 39831 672 16 we -PRON- PRP 39831 672 17 see see VBP 39831 672 18 that that IN 39831 672 19 the the DT 39831 672 20 enveloping envelop VBG 39831 672 21 sheath sheath NN 39831 672 22 has have VBZ 39831 672 23 in in IN 39831 672 24 many many JJ 39831 672 25 places place NNS 39831 672 26 broken break VBN 39831 672 27 away away RB 39831 672 28 from from IN 39831 672 29 the the DT 39831 672 30 surface surface NN 39831 672 31 before before IN 39831 672 32 the the DT 39831 672 33 summit summit NN 39831 672 34 has have VBZ 39831 672 35 been be VBN 39831 672 36 covered cover VBN 39831 672 37 . . . 39831 673 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 673 2 is be VBZ 39831 673 3 well well RB 39831 673 4 known know VBN 39831 673 5 that that IN 39831 673 6 a a DT 39831 673 7 sphere sphere NN 39831 673 8 moving move VBG 39831 673 9 through through IN 39831 673 10 a a DT 39831 673 11 liquid liquid NN 39831 673 12 pushes push VBZ 39831 673 13 away away RB 39831 673 14 the the DT 39831 673 15 liquid liquid NN 39831 673 16 in in IN 39831 673 17 front front NN 39831 673 18 of of IN 39831 673 19 it -PRON- PRP 39831 673 20 , , , 39831 673 21 which which WDT 39831 673 22 flowing flow VBG 39831 673 23 round round JJ 39831 673 24 closes close NNS 39831 673 25 in in RP 39831 673 26 at at IN 39831 673 27 the the DT 39831 673 28 back back NN 39831 673 29 of of IN 39831 673 30 the the DT 39831 673 31 sphere sphere NN 39831 673 32 . . . 39831 674 1 Although although IN 39831 674 2 the the DT 39831 674 3 surface surface NN 39831 674 4 round round IN 39831 674 5 the the DT 39831 674 6 column column NN 39831 674 7 of of IN 39831 674 8 Fig Fig NNP 39831 674 9 . . . 39831 675 1 6 6 CD 39831 675 2 is be VBZ 39831 675 3 still still RB 39831 675 4 very very RB 39831 675 5 flat flat JJ 39831 675 6 , , , 39831 675 7 the the DT 39831 675 8 liquid liquid NN 39831 675 9 just just RB 39831 675 10 below below IN 39831 675 11 it -PRON- PRP 39831 675 12 must must MD 39831 675 13 be be VB 39831 675 14 streaming stream VBG 39831 675 15 inwards,[G inwards,[g NN 39831 675 16 ] ] -RRB- 39831 675 17 as as IN 39831 675 18 is be VBZ 39831 675 19 indicated indicate VBN 39831 675 20 by by IN 39831 675 21 the the DT 39831 675 22 radial radial JJ 39831 675 23 strià strià NNP 39831 675 24 ¦ ¦ : 39831 675 25 . . . 39831 676 1 To to IN 39831 676 2 the the DT 39831 676 3 meeting meeting NN 39831 676 4 of of IN 39831 676 5 these these DT 39831 676 6 converging converging NN 39831 676 7 streams stream NNS 39831 676 8 we -PRON- PRP 39831 676 9 must must MD 39831 676 10 attribute attribute VB 39831 676 11 the the DT 39831 676 12 large large JJ 39831 676 13 access access NN 39831 676 14 of of IN 39831 676 15 liquid liquid NN 39831 676 16 that that WDT 39831 676 17 is be VBZ 39831 676 18 forced force VBN 39831 676 19 up up RP 39831 676 20 into into IN 39831 676 21 the the DT 39831 676 22 column column NN 39831 676 23 , , , 39831 676 24 whose whose WP$ 39831 676 25 subsequent subsequent JJ 39831 676 26 toppling toppling NN 39831 676 27 into into IN 39831 676 28 drops drop NNS 39831 676 29 is be VBZ 39831 676 30 accompanied accompany VBN 39831 676 31 by by IN 39831 676 32 the the DT 39831 676 33 curious curious JJ 39831 676 34 , , , 39831 676 35 characteristic characteristic JJ 39831 676 36 , , , 39831 676 37 lop lop JJ 39831 676 38 - - HYPH 39831 676 39 sided side VBN 39831 676 40 curvature curvature NN 39831 676 41 of of IN 39831 676 42 the the DT 39831 676 43 later later JJ 39831 676 44 figures figure NNS 39831 676 45 . . . 39831 677 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 677 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 677 3 : : : 39831 677 4 SERIES serie NNS 39831 677 5 XI XI NNP 39831 677 6 Polished polished JJ 39831 677 7 ivory ivory NN 39831 677 8 sphere sphere NN 39831 677 9 , , , 39831 677 10 1·9 1â·9 CD 39831 677 11 centim centim NN 39831 677 12 . . . 39831 678 1 in in IN 39831 678 2 diameter diameter NN 39831 678 3 , , , 39831 678 4 falling fall VBG 39831 678 5 60 60 CD 39831 678 6 cm cm NNS 39831 678 7 . . . 39831 679 1 into into IN 39831 679 2 water water NN 39831 679 3 mixed mix VBN 39831 679 4 with with IN 39831 679 5 milk milk NN 39831 679 6 . . . 39831 680 1 1 1 CD 39831 680 2 2 2 CD 39831 680 3 T t NN 39831 680 4 = = SYM 39831 680 5 0 0 CD 39831 680 6 3 3 CD 39831 680 7 4 4 CD 39831 680 8 0·002 0·002 NNP 39831 680 9 sec sec NNP 39831 680 10 . . . 39831 681 1 5 5 CD 39831 681 2 6 6 CD 39831 681 3 0·004 0·004 NNP 39831 681 4 sec sec NNP 39831 681 5 . . . 39831 682 1 7 7 CD 39831 682 2 0·031 0·031 NNP 39831 682 3 sec sec NNP 39831 682 4 . . . 39831 683 1 8 8 CD 39831 683 2 0·045 0â·045 NN 39831 683 3 sec sec NNP 39831 683 4 . . . 39831 684 1 9 9 CD 39831 684 2 0·062 0â·062 NN 39831 684 3 sec sec NNP 39831 684 4 . . . 39831 684 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 685 1 Series series NN 39831 685 2 XII XII NNP 39831 685 3 shows show VBZ 39831 685 4 how how WRB 39831 685 5 even even RB 39831 685 6 with with IN 39831 685 7 a a DT 39831 685 8 very very RB 39831 685 9 highly highly RB 39831 685 10 polished polished JJ 39831 685 11 metal metal NN 39831 685 12 sphere sphere NN 39831 685 13 falling fall VBG 39831 685 14 into into IN 39831 685 15 water water NN 39831 685 16 from from IN 39831 685 17 the the DT 39831 685 18 still still RB 39831 685 19 greater great JJR 39831 685 20 height height NN 39831 685 21 of of IN 39831 685 22 100 100 CD 39831 685 23 cm cm NNS 39831 685 24 . . . 39831 686 1 the the DT 39831 686 2 characteristic characteristic JJ 39831 686 3 sheath sheath NN 39831 686 4 of of IN 39831 686 5 the the DT 39831 686 6 " " `` 39831 686 7 smooth smooth JJ 39831 686 8 " " '' 39831 686 9 splash splash NN 39831 686 10 is be VBZ 39831 686 11 no no RB 39831 686 12 longer long RBR 39831 686 13 so so RB 39831 686 14 closely closely RB 39831 686 15 fitting fitting JJ 39831 686 16 even even RB 39831 686 17 at at IN 39831 686 18 an an DT 39831 686 19 early early JJ 39831 686 20 stage stage NN 39831 686 21 , , , 39831 686 22 but but CC 39831 686 23 is be VBZ 39831 686 24 beginning begin VBG 39831 686 25 to to TO 39831 686 26 resemble resemble VB 39831 686 27 the the DT 39831 686 28 earlier early JJR 39831 686 29 stages stage NNS 39831 686 30 of of IN 39831 686 31 the the DT 39831 686 32 basket basket NN 39831 686 33 - - HYPH 39831 686 34 shaped shape VBN 39831 686 35 crater crater NN 39831 686 36 of of IN 39831 686 37 the the DT 39831 686 38 " " `` 39831 686 39 rough rough JJ 39831 686 40 " " '' 39831 686 41 splash splash NN 39831 686 42 ; ; : 39831 686 43 yet yet CC 39831 686 44 no no DT 39831 686 45 air air NN 39831 686 46 was be VBD 39831 686 47 taken take VBN 39831 686 48 down down RP 39831 686 49 at at IN 39831 686 50 this this DT 39831 686 51 height height NN 39831 686 52 . . . 39831 687 1 The the DT 39831 687 2 transition transition NN 39831 687 3 was be VBD 39831 687 4 also also RB 39831 687 5 watched watch VBN 39831 687 6 by by IN 39831 687 7 means mean NNS 39831 687 8 of of IN 39831 687 9 photographs photograph NNS 39831 687 10 taken take VBN 39831 687 11 below below IN 39831 687 12 the the DT 39831 687 13 water water NN 39831 687 14 - - HYPH 39831 687 15 line line NN 39831 687 16 . . . 39831 688 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 688 2 may may MD 39831 688 3 be be VB 39831 688 4 well well JJ 39831 688 5 here here RB 39831 688 6 to to TO 39831 688 7 guard guard VB 39831 688 8 the the DT 39831 688 9 reader reader NN 39831 688 10 against against IN 39831 688 11 a a DT 39831 688 12 possible possible JJ 39831 688 13 misconception misconception NN 39831 688 14 . . . 39831 689 1 The the DT 39831 689 2 curved curved JJ 39831 689 3 outline outline NN 39831 689 4 of of IN 39831 689 5 the the DT 39831 689 6 liquid liquid NN 39831 689 7 in in IN 39831 689 8 these these DT 39831 689 9 photographs photograph NNS 39831 689 10 does do VBZ 39831 689 11 not not RB 39831 689 12 represent represent VB 39831 689 13 the the DT 39831 689 14 path path NN 39831 689 15 followed follow VBN 39831 689 16 by by IN 39831 689 17 the the DT 39831 689 18 particles particle NNS 39831 689 19 . . . 39831 690 1 Each each DT 39831 690 2 particle particle NN 39831 690 3 must must MD 39831 690 4 have have VB 39831 690 5 travelled travel VBN 39831 690 6 in in IN 39831 690 7 a a DT 39831 690 8 nearly nearly RB 39831 690 9 straight straight JJ 39831 690 10 line line NN 39831 690 11 from from IN 39831 690 12 the the DT 39831 690 13 moment moment NN 39831 690 14 it -PRON- PRP 39831 690 15 left leave VBD 39831 690 16 the the DT 39831 690 17 surface surface NN 39831 690 18 of of IN 39831 690 19 the the DT 39831 690 20 sphere sphere NN 39831 690 21 , , , 39831 690 22 and and CC 39831 690 23 must must MD 39831 690 24 still still RB 39831 690 25 be be VB 39831 690 26 moving move VBG 39831 690 27 upwards upwards JJ 39831 690 28 and and CC 39831 690 29 outwards outward NNS 39831 690 30 . . . 39831 691 1 Gravity Gravity NNP 39831 691 2 has have VBZ 39831 691 3 not not RB 39831 691 4 had have VBN 39831 691 5 time time NN 39831 691 6 to to TO 39831 691 7 produce produce VB 39831 691 8 any any DT 39831 691 9 sensible sensible JJ 39831 691 10 displacement displacement NN 39831 691 11 . . . 39831 692 1 This this DT 39831 692 2 applies apply VBZ 39831 692 3 also also RB 39831 692 4 to to IN 39831 692 5 the the DT 39831 692 6 curved curved JJ 39831 692 7 outlines outline NNS 39831 692 8 in in IN 39831 692 9 many many JJ 39831 692 10 other other JJ 39831 692 11 early early JJ 39831 692 12 figures figure NNS 39831 692 13 . . . 39831 693 1 INFLUENCE influence NN 39831 693 2 OF of IN 39831 693 3 THE the DT 39831 693 4 CONDITION CONDITION NNP 39831 693 5 OF of IN 39831 693 6 THE the DT 39831 693 7 SURFACE SURFACE NNP 39831 693 8 . . . 39831 694 1 By by IN 39831 694 2 very very RB 39831 694 3 careful careful JJ 39831 694 4 rubbing rubbing NN 39831 694 5 of of IN 39831 694 6 such such PDT 39831 694 7 a a DT 39831 694 8 polished polished JJ 39831 694 9 , , , 39831 694 10 steel steel NN 39831 694 11 sphere sphere NN 39831 694 12 , , , 39831 694 13 it -PRON- PRP 39831 694 14 was be VBD 39831 694 15 found find VBN 39831 694 16 possible possible JJ 39831 694 17 to to TO 39831 694 18 increase increase VB 39831 694 19 the the DT 39831 694 20 height height NN 39831 694 21 of of IN 39831 694 22 fall fall NN 39831 694 23 to to IN 39831 694 24 162·5 162â·5 CD 39831 694 25 cm cm NNS 39831 694 26 . . . 39831 695 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 695 2 well well RB 39831 695 3 over over IN 39831 695 4 5 5 CD 39831 695 5 feet foot NNS 39831 695 6 ) ) -RRB- 39831 695 7 and and CC 39831 695 8 yet yet RB 39831 695 9 to to TO 39831 695 10 secure secure VB 39831 695 11 a a DT 39831 695 12 perfectly perfectly RB 39831 695 13 " " `` 39831 695 14 airless airless NN 39831 695 15 , , , 39831 695 16 " " '' 39831 695 17 " " `` 39831 695 18 smooth smooth JJ 39831 695 19 " " '' 39831 695 20 splash splash NN 39831 695 21 . . . 39831 696 1 But but CC 39831 696 2 the the DT 39831 696 3 equilibrium equilibrium NN 39831 696 4 of of IN 39831 696 5 the the DT 39831 696 6 splash splash NN 39831 696 7 , , , 39831 696 8 if if IN 39831 696 9 I -PRON- PRP 39831 696 10 may may MD 39831 696 11 use use VB 39831 696 12 the the DT 39831 696 13 phrase phrase NN 39831 696 14 , , , 39831 696 15 is be VBZ 39831 696 16 , , , 39831 696 17 at at IN 39831 696 18 this this DT 39831 696 19 high high JJ 39831 696 20 velocity velocity NN 39831 696 21 of of IN 39831 696 22 entry entry NN 39831 696 23 ( ( -LRB- 39831 696 24 564 564 CD 39831 696 25 cm cm NNS 39831 696 26 . . . 39831 697 1 per per IN 39831 697 2 sec sec NNP 39831 697 3 . . NNP 39831 697 4 , , , 39831 697 5 or or CC 39831 697 6 about about IN 39831 697 7 18 18 CD 39831 697 8 feet foot NNS 39831 697 9 per per IN 39831 697 10 sec sec NNP 39831 697 11 . . . 39831 698 1 ) ) -RRB- 39831 698 2 , , , 39831 698 3 very very RB 39831 698 4 unstable unstable JJ 39831 698 5 , , , 39831 698 6 and and CC 39831 698 7 was be VBD 39831 698 8 found find VBN 39831 698 9 to to TO 39831 698 10 depend depend VB 39831 698 11 on on IN 39831 698 12 minute minute JJ 39831 698 13 differences difference NNS 39831 698 14 in in IN 39831 698 15 the the DT 39831 698 16 condition condition NN 39831 698 17 of of IN 39831 698 18 the the DT 39831 698 19 surface surface NN 39831 698 20 . . . 39831 699 1 How how WRB 39831 699 2 minute minute JJ 39831 699 3 this this DT 39831 699 4 difference difference NN 39831 699 5 may may MD 39831 699 6 be be VB 39831 699 7 , , , 39831 699 8 which which WDT 39831 699 9 yet yet RB 39831 699 10 makes make VBZ 39831 699 11 the the DT 39831 699 12 whole whole JJ 39831 699 13 difference difference NN 39831 699 14 in in IN 39831 699 15 the the DT 39831 699 16 character character NN 39831 699 17 of of IN 39831 699 18 the the DT 39831 699 19 splash splash NN 39831 699 20 , , , 39831 699 21 may may MD 39831 699 22 be be VB 39831 699 23 gathered gather VBN 39831 699 24 from from IN 39831 699 25 the the DT 39831 699 26 following follow VBG 39831 699 27 extract extract NN 39831 699 28 from from IN 39831 699 29 the the DT 39831 699 30 original original JJ 39831 699 31 paper:-- paper:-- NN 39831 699 32 " " `` 39831 699 33 A a DT 39831 699 34 polished polished JJ 39831 699 35 steel steel NN 39831 699 36 sphere sphere VBD 39831 699 37 15·9 15·9 NNP 39831 699 38 cm cm NNP 39831 699 39 . . . 39831 700 1 in in IN 39831 700 2 diameter diameter NN 39831 700 3 was be VBD 39831 700 4 found find VBN 39831 700 5 ( ( -LRB- 39831 700 6 by by IN 39831 700 7 naked naked JJ 39831 700 8 - - HYPH 39831 700 9 eye eye NN 39831 700 10 observation observation NN 39831 700 11 ) ) -RRB- 39831 700 12 to to TO 39831 700 13 give give VB 39831 700 14 an an DT 39831 700 15 airless airless NN 39831 700 16 splash splash NN 39831 700 17 when when WRB 39831 700 18 falling fall VBG 39831 700 19 into into IN 39831 700 20 water water NN 39831 700 21 from from IN 39831 700 22 a a DT 39831 700 23 height height NN 39831 700 24 of of IN 39831 700 25 132·5 132â·5 CD 39831 700 26 cm cm NNS 39831 700 27 . . . 39831 701 1 ; ; : 39831 701 2 at at IN 39831 701 3 137·5 137â·5 CD 39831 701 4 cm cm NNS 39831 701 5 . . NNP 39831 701 6 , , , 39831 701 7 there there EX 39831 701 8 was be VBD 39831 701 9 much much JJ 39831 701 10 air air NN 39831 701 11 taken take VBN 39831 701 12 down down RP 39831 701 13 . . . 39831 702 1 This this DT 39831 702 2 observation observation NN 39831 702 3 at at IN 39831 702 4 137·5 137â·5 CD 39831 702 5 cm cm NNS 39831 702 6 . . . 39831 703 1 was be VBD 39831 703 2 repeated repeat VBN 39831 703 3 three three CD 39831 703 4 times time NNS 39831 703 5 , , , 39831 703 6 observer observer NNP 39831 703 7 C. C. NNP 39831 703 8 doing do VBG 39831 703 9 the the DT 39831 703 10 polishing polishing NN 39831 703 11 . . . 39831 704 1 Then then RB 39831 704 2 observer observer NNP 39831 704 3 W. W. NNP 39831 704 4 polished polish VBD 39831 704 5 , , , 39831 704 6 and and CC 39831 704 7 the the DT 39831 704 8 splash splash NN 39831 704 9 was be VBD 39831 704 10 first first JJ 39831 704 11 _ _ NNP 39831 704 12 nearly nearly RB 39831 704 13 _ _ NNP 39831 704 14 airless airless NN 39831 704 15 and and CC 39831 704 16 then then RB 39831 704 17 _ _ NNP 39831 704 18 quite quite RB 39831 704 19 _ _ NNP 39831 704 20 airless airless NN 39831 704 21 . . . 39831 705 1 Then then RB 39831 705 2 , , , 39831 705 3 by by IN 39831 705 4 persevering persevere VBG 39831 705 5 in in IN 39831 705 6 the the DT 39831 705 7 rubbing rubbing NN 39831 705 8 , , , 39831 705 9 the the DT 39831 705 10 height height NN 39831 705 11 of of IN 39831 705 12 fall fall NN 39831 705 13 was be VBD 39831 705 14 gradually gradually RB 39831 705 15 raised raise VBN 39831 705 16 to to IN 39831 705 17 162·5 162â·5 CD 39831 705 18 cm cm NNS 39831 705 19 . . NNP 39831 705 20 , , , 39831 705 21 and and CC 39831 705 22 a a DT 39831 705 23 perfectly perfectly RB 39831 705 24 airless airless NN 39831 705 25 splash splash NN 39831 705 26 was be VBD 39831 705 27 secured secure VBN 39831 705 28 , , , 39831 705 29 and and CC 39831 705 30 even even RB 39831 705 31 at at IN 39831 705 32 172·5 172â·5 CD 39831 705 33 cm cm NNS 39831 705 34 . . . 39831 706 1 the the DT 39831 706 2 record record NN 39831 706 3 was be VBD 39831 706 4 ' ' `` 39831 706 5 very very RB 39831 706 6 little little JJ 39831 706 7 air air NN 39831 706 8 indeed indeed RB 39831 706 9 . . . 39831 706 10 ' ' '' 39831 707 1 " " `` 39831 707 2 Again again RB 39831 707 3 , , , 39831 707 4 a a DT 39831 707 5 polished polished JJ 39831 707 6 marble marble NN 39831 707 7 sphere sphere VBD 39831 707 8 2·57 2â·57 CD 39831 707 9 cm cm NNS 39831 707 10 . . . 39831 708 1 in in IN 39831 708 2 diameter diameter NN 39831 708 3 falling fall VBG 39831 708 4 into into IN 39831 708 5 water water NN 39831 708 6 from from IN 39831 708 7 a a DT 39831 708 8 height height NN 39831 708 9 of of IN 39831 708 10 112 112 CD 39831 708 11 cm cm NNS 39831 708 12 . . . 39831 709 1 was be VBD 39831 709 2 found find VBN 39831 709 3 to to TO 39831 709 4 take take VB 39831 709 5 down down RP 39831 709 6 ' ' '' 39831 709 7 much much JJ 39831 709 8 air air NN 39831 709 9 ' ' '' 39831 709 10 when when WRB 39831 709 11 rubbed rub VBN 39831 709 12 with with IN 39831 709 13 a a DT 39831 709 14 certain certain JJ 39831 709 15 clean clean JJ 39831 709 16 handkerchief handkerchief NN 39831 709 17 A a NN 39831 709 18 , , , 39831 709 19 and and CC 39831 709 20 ' ' `` 39831 709 21 none none NN 39831 709 22 at at RB 39831 709 23 all all RB 39831 709 24 , , , 39831 709 25 or or CC 39831 709 26 only only RB 39831 709 27 very very RB 39831 709 28 little little JJ 39831 709 29 , , , 39831 709 30 ' ' '' 39831 709 31 when when WRB 39831 709 32 rubbed rub VBN 39831 709 33 with with IN 39831 709 34 clean clean JJ 39831 709 35 handkerchief handkerchief NNP 39831 709 36 B. B. NNP 39831 710 1 This this DT 39831 710 2 result result NN 39831 710 3 was be VBD 39831 710 4 confirmed confirm VBN 39831 710 5 four four CD 39831 710 6 times time NNS 39831 710 7 with with IN 39831 710 8 B b NN 39831 710 9 and and CC 39831 710 10 five five CD 39831 710 11 with with IN 39831 710 12 A. a. NN 39831 711 1 These these DT 39831 711 2 handkerchiefs handkerchief NNS 39831 711 3 were be VBD 39831 711 4 subsequently subsequently RB 39831 711 5 examined examine VBN 39831 711 6 under under IN 39831 711 7 the the DT 39831 711 8 microscope microscope NN 39831 711 9 , , , 39831 711 10 but but CC 39831 711 11 were be VBD 39831 711 12 found find VBN 39831 711 13 to to TO 39831 711 14 be be VB 39831 711 15 extremely extremely RB 39831 711 16 similar similar JJ 39831 711 17 , , , 39831 711 18 and and CC 39831 711 19 the the DT 39831 711 20 cause cause NN 39831 711 21 of of IN 39831 711 22 the the DT 39831 711 23 difference difference NN 39831 711 24 remained remain VBD 39831 711 25 for for IN 39831 711 26 the the DT 39831 711 27 time time NN 39831 711 28 beyond beyond IN 39831 711 29 conjecture conjecture NN 39831 711 30 . . . 39831 712 1 " " `` 39831 712 2 On on IN 39831 712 3 another another DT 39831 712 4 occasion occasion NN 39831 712 5 , , , 39831 712 6 of of IN 39831 712 7 two two CD 39831 712 8 similar similar JJ 39831 712 9 nickel nickel NN 39831 712 10 - - HYPH 39831 712 11 plated plate VBN 39831 712 12 steel steel NN 39831 712 13 spheres sphere NNS 39831 712 14 , , , 39831 712 15 each each DT 39831 712 16 19 19 CD 39831 712 17 millimetres millimetre NNS 39831 712 18 in in IN 39831 712 19 diameter diameter NN 39831 712 20 , , , 39831 712 21 and and CC 39831 712 22 each each DT 39831 712 23 treated treat VBN 39831 712 24 in in IN 39831 712 25 exactly exactly RB 39831 712 26 the the DT 39831 712 27 same same JJ 39831 712 28 way way NN 39831 712 29 , , , 39831 712 30 falling fall VBG 39831 712 31 22 22 CD 39831 712 32 cm cm NNS 39831 712 33 . . . 39831 713 1 into into IN 39831 713 2 paraffin paraffin NN 39831 713 3 oil oil NN 39831 713 4 , , , 39831 713 5 one one PRP 39831 713 6 would would MD 39831 713 7 always always RB 39831 713 8 take take VB 39831 713 9 down down RP 39831 713 10 much much JJ 39831 713 11 air air NN 39831 713 12 and and CC 39831 713 13 the the DT 39831 713 14 other other JJ 39831 713 15 little little JJ 39831 713 16 or or CC 39831 713 17 none none NN 39831 713 18 , , , 39831 713 19 and and CC 39831 713 20 again again RB 39831 713 21 microscopic microscopic JJ 39831 713 22 examination examination NN 39831 713 23 showed show VBD 39831 713 24 only only RB 39831 713 25 a a DT 39831 713 26 very very RB 39831 713 27 slight slight JJ 39831 713 28 difference difference NN 39831 713 29 in in IN 39831 713 30 the the DT 39831 713 31 surfaces surface NNS 39831 713 32 . . . 39831 713 33 " " '' 39831 714 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 714 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 714 3 : : : 39831 714 4 SERIES serie NNS 39831 714 5 XII xii NN 39831 714 6 Smooth smooth JJ 39831 714 7 sphere sphere NN 39831 714 8 of of IN 39831 714 9 polished polished JJ 39831 714 10 serpentine serpentine NN 39831 714 11 falling fall VBG 39831 714 12 100 100 CD 39831 714 13 centim centim NN 39831 714 14 . . . 39831 715 1 into into IN 39831 715 2 water water NN 39831 715 3 . . . 39831 716 1 Scale Scale NNP 39831 716 2 3/4 3/4 CD 39831 716 3 . . . 39831 717 1 1 1 CD 39831 717 2 T t NN 39831 717 3 = = SYM 39831 717 4 0 0 CD 39831 717 5 2 2 CD 39831 717 6 0·001 0·001 NNP 39831 717 7 sec sec NNP 39831 717 8 . . . 39831 718 1 3 3 CD 39831 718 2 0·002 0·002 NNP 39831 718 3 sec sec NNP 39831 718 4 . . . 39831 718 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 719 1 By by IN 39831 719 2 wetting wet VBG 39831 719 3 the the DT 39831 719 4 surface surface NN 39831 719 5 of of IN 39831 719 6 a a DT 39831 719 7 smooth smooth JJ 39831 719 8 sphere sphere NN 39831 719 9 we -PRON- PRP 39831 719 10 can can MD 39831 719 11 always always RB 39831 719 12 convert convert VB 39831 719 13 a a DT 39831 719 14 smooth smooth JJ 39831 719 15 or or CC 39831 719 16 " " `` 39831 719 17 sheath sheath NN 39831 719 18 " " '' 39831 719 19 splash splash VBP 39831 719 20 into into IN 39831 719 21 a a DT 39831 719 22 rough rough JJ 39831 719 23 or or CC 39831 719 24 " " `` 39831 719 25 basket basket NN 39831 719 26 " " '' 39831 719 27 splash splash NN 39831 719 28 . . . 39831 720 1 Thus thus RB 39831 720 2 when when WRB 39831 720 3 the the DT 39831 720 4 ivory ivory NN 39831 720 5 sphere sphere NN 39831 720 6 ( ( -LRB- 39831 720 7 which which WDT 39831 720 8 when when WRB 39831 720 9 dry dry JJ 39831 720 10 and and CC 39831 720 11 well well RB 39831 720 12 - - HYPH 39831 720 13 polished polished JJ 39831 720 14 gave give VBD 39831 720 15 , , , 39831 720 16 with with IN 39831 720 17 a a DT 39831 720 18 fall fall NN 39831 720 19 of of IN 39831 720 20 60 60 CD 39831 720 21 cm cm NNS 39831 720 22 . . NNP 39831 720 23 , , , 39831 720 24 the the DT 39831 720 25 splash splash NN 39831 720 26 of of IN 39831 720 27 Series Series NNP 39831 720 28 XI XI NNP 39831 720 29 , , , 39831 720 30 p. p. NN 39831 720 31 97 97 CD 39831 720 32 ) ) -RRB- 39831 720 33 , , , 39831 720 34 was be VBD 39831 720 35 allowed allow VBN 39831 720 36 to to TO 39831 720 37 fall fall VB 39831 720 38 _ _ NNP 39831 720 39 wet wet JJ 39831 720 40 _ _ NNP 39831 720 41 into into IN 39831 720 42 the the DT 39831 720 43 liquid liquid NN 39831 720 44 , , , 39831 720 45 all all DT 39831 720 46 other other JJ 39831 720 47 circumstances circumstance NNS 39831 720 48 remaining remain VBG 39831 720 49 the the DT 39831 720 50 same same JJ 39831 720 51 , , , 39831 720 52 the the DT 39831 720 53 splash splash NN 39831 720 54 of of IN 39831 720 55 Series Series NNP 39831 720 56 XIII XIII NNP 39831 720 57 , , , 39831 720 58 p. p. NN 39831 720 59 103 103 CD 39831 720 60 , , , 39831 720 61 was be VBD 39831 720 62 obtained obtain VBN 39831 720 63 , , , 39831 720 64 which which WDT 39831 720 65 is be VBZ 39831 720 66 entirely entirely RB 39831 720 67 different different JJ 39831 720 68 from from IN 39831 720 69 the the DT 39831 720 70 first first JJ 39831 720 71 . . . 39831 721 1 The the DT 39831 721 2 wetting wetting NN 39831 721 3 was be VBD 39831 721 4 effected effect VBN 39831 721 5 by by IN 39831 721 6 dipping dip VBG 39831 721 7 the the DT 39831 721 8 sphere sphere NN 39831 721 9 into into IN 39831 721 10 the the DT 39831 721 11 bowl bowl NN 39831 721 12 of of IN 39831 721 13 milky milky JJ 39831 721 14 water water NN 39831 721 15 into into IN 39831 721 16 which which WDT 39831 721 17 it -PRON- PRP 39831 721 18 was be VBD 39831 721 19 to to TO 39831 721 20 fall fall VB 39831 721 21 , , , 39831 721 22 and and CC 39831 721 23 then then RB 39831 721 24 shaking shake VBG 39831 721 25 off off RP 39831 721 26 as as RB 39831 721 27 much much RB 39831 721 28 as as IN 39831 721 29 possible possible JJ 39831 721 30 of of IN 39831 721 31 the the DT 39831 721 32 adherent adherent JJ 39831 721 33 liquid liquid NN 39831 721 34 , , , 39831 721 35 but but CC 39831 721 36 in in IN 39831 721 37 all all DT 39831 721 38 cases case NNS 39831 721 39 the the DT 39831 721 40 splash splash NN 39831 721 41 quickly quickly RB 39831 721 42 became become VBD 39831 721 43 unsymmetrical unsymmetrical JJ 39831 721 44 , , , 39831 721 45 probably probably RB 39831 721 46 through through IN 39831 721 47 the the DT 39831 721 48 liquid liquid NN 39831 721 49 , , , 39831 721 50 during during IN 39831 721 51 the the DT 39831 721 52 fall fall NN 39831 721 53 , , , 39831 721 54 drifting drift VBG 39831 721 55 to to IN 39831 721 56 one one CD 39831 721 57 side side NN 39831 721 58 of of IN 39831 721 59 the the DT 39831 721 60 sphere sphere NN 39831 721 61 . . . 39831 722 1 INFLUENCE influence NN 39831 722 2 OF of IN 39831 722 3 THE the DT 39831 722 4 NATURE NATURE NNP 39831 722 5 OF of IN 39831 722 6 THE the DT 39831 722 7 LIQUID LIQUID NNP 39831 722 8 . . . 39831 723 1 The the DT 39831 723 2 nature nature NN 39831 723 3 of of IN 39831 723 4 the the DT 39831 723 5 liquid liquid NN 39831 723 6 employed employ VBN 39831 723 7 has have VBZ 39831 723 8 a a DT 39831 723 9 great great JJ 39831 723 10 influence influence NN 39831 723 11 in in IN 39831 723 12 determining determine VBG 39831 723 13 whether whether IN 39831 723 14 at at IN 39831 723 15 a a DT 39831 723 16 given give VBN 39831 723 17 height height NN 39831 723 18 the the DT 39831 723 19 splash splash NN 39831 723 20 shall shall MD 39831 723 21 be be VB 39831 723 22 " " `` 39831 723 23 rough rough JJ 39831 723 24 " " '' 39831 723 25 or or CC 39831 723 26 " " `` 39831 723 27 smooth smooth JJ 39831 723 28 . . . 39831 723 29 " " '' 39831 724 1 Thus thus RB 39831 724 2 with with IN 39831 724 3 paraffin paraffin NN 39831 724 4 oil oil NN 39831 724 5 the the DT 39831 724 6 maximum maximum JJ 39831 724 7 height height NN 39831 724 8 that that WDT 39831 724 9 could could MD 39831 724 10 be be VB 39831 724 11 reached reach VBN 39831 724 12 with with IN 39831 724 13 an an DT 39831 724 14 airless airless NN 39831 724 15 splash splash NN 39831 724 16 with with IN 39831 724 17 highly highly RB 39831 724 18 polished polished JJ 39831 724 19 nickel nickel NN 39831 724 20 - - HYPH 39831 724 21 plated plate VBN 39831 724 22 spheres sphere NNS 39831 724 23 , , , 39831 724 24 well well RB 39831 724 25 rubbed rub VBN 39831 724 26 on on IN 39831 724 27 a a DT 39831 724 28 selvyt selvyt JJ 39831 724 29 cloth cloth NN 39831 724 30 , , , 39831 724 31 was be VBD 39831 724 32 found find VBN 39831 724 33 to to TO 39831 724 34 be be VB 39831 724 35 only only RB 39831 724 36 24·7 24·7 NNP 39831 724 37 cm cm NNS 39831 724 38 . . . 39831 725 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 725 2 about about RB 39831 725 3 10 10 CD 39831 725 4 inches inch NNS 39831 725 5 ) ) -RRB- 39831 725 6 , , , 39831 725 7 but but CC 39831 725 8 , , , 39831 725 9 with with IN 39831 725 10 water water NN 39831 725 11 , , , 39831 725 12 a a DT 39831 725 13 fall fall NN 39831 725 14 of of IN 39831 725 15 160 160 CD 39831 725 16 cm cm NNS 39831 725 17 . . . 39831 726 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 726 2 over over IN 39831 726 3 5 5 CD 39831 726 4 feet foot NNS 39831 726 5 ) ) -RRB- 39831 726 6 could could MD 39831 726 7 be be VB 39831 726 8 reached reach VBN 39831 726 9 . . . 39831 727 1 The the DT 39831 727 2 paraffin paraffin NN 39831 727 3 oil oil NN 39831 727 4 used use VBN 39831 727 5 in in IN 39831 727 6 these these DT 39831 727 7 experiments experiment NNS 39831 727 8 had have VBD 39831 727 9 , , , 39831 727 10 at at IN 39831 727 11 a a DT 39831 727 12 temperature temperature NN 39831 727 13 of of IN 39831 727 14 12 12 NNP 39831 727 15 ° ° , 39831 727 16 ·5 ·5 NNP 39831 727 17 centigrade centigrade NN 39831 727 18 , , , 39831 727 19 a a DT 39831 727 20 specific specific JJ 39831 727 21 gravity gravity NN 39831 727 22 ·840 ·840 NNS 39831 727 23 and and CC 39831 727 24 a a DT 39831 727 25 surface surface NN 39831 727 26 - - HYPH 39831 727 27 tension tension NN 39831 727 28 about about IN 39831 727 29 ·39 â·39 RB 39831 727 30 of of IN 39831 727 31 that that DT 39831 727 32 of of IN 39831 727 33 water water NN 39831 727 34 . . . 39831 728 1 Since since IN 39831 728 2 only only RB 39831 728 3 a a DT 39831 728 4 small small JJ 39831 728 5 increase increase NN 39831 728 6 of of IN 39831 728 7 height height NN 39831 728 8 was be VBD 39831 728 9 required require VBN 39831 728 10 with with IN 39831 728 11 this this DT 39831 728 12 liquid liquid NN 39831 728 13 to to TO 39831 728 14 make make VB 39831 728 15 a a DT 39831 728 16 smooth smooth JJ 39831 728 17 sphere sphere NN 39831 728 18 give give VB 39831 728 19 the the DT 39831 728 20 same same JJ 39831 728 21 splash splash NN 39831 728 22 as as IN 39831 728 23 a a DT 39831 728 24 rough rough JJ 39831 728 25 one one NN 39831 728 26 , , , 39831 728 27 this this DT 39831 728 28 liquid liquid NN 39831 728 29 was be VBD 39831 728 30 found find VBN 39831 728 31 much much RB 39831 728 32 more more RBR 39831 728 33 convenient convenient JJ 39831 728 34 than than IN 39831 728 35 water water NN 39831 728 36 in in IN 39831 728 37 investigating investigate VBG 39831 728 38 the the DT 39831 728 39 transition transition NN 39831 728 40 . . . 39831 729 1 When when WRB 39831 729 2 water water NN 39831 729 3 is be VBZ 39831 729 4 made make VBN 39831 729 5 more more RBR 39831 729 6 viscid viscid NN 39831 729 7 by by IN 39831 729 8 the the DT 39831 729 9 gradual gradual JJ 39831 729 10 addition addition NN 39831 729 11 of of IN 39831 729 12 glycerine,[H glycerine,[H NNP 39831 729 13 ] ] -RRB- 39831 729 14 the the DT 39831 729 15 surface surface NN 39831 729 16 - - HYPH 39831 729 17 tension tension NN 39831 729 18 and and CC 39831 729 19 the the DT 39831 729 20 specific specific JJ 39831 729 21 gravity gravity NN 39831 729 22 are be VBP 39831 729 23 but but CC 39831 729 24 little little JJ 39831 729 25 altered altered JJ 39831 729 26 though though IN 39831 729 27 the the DT 39831 729 28 viscosity viscosity NN 39831 729 29 is be VBZ 39831 729 30 steadily steadily RB 39831 729 31 and and CC 39831 729 32 sensibly sensibly RB 39831 729 33 increased increase VBD 39831 729 34 . . . 39831 730 1 An an DT 39831 730 2 admixture admixture NN 39831 730 3 of of IN 39831 730 4 two two CD 39831 730 5 parts part NNS 39831 730 6 of of IN 39831 730 7 glycerine glycerine NN 39831 730 8 to to IN 39831 730 9 fifty fifty CD 39831 730 10 - - HYPH 39831 730 11 one one CD 39831 730 12 of of IN 39831 730 13 water water NN 39831 730 14 produced produce VBD 39831 730 15 no no DT 39831 730 16 perceptible perceptible JJ 39831 730 17 change change NN 39831 730 18 in in IN 39831 730 19 the the DT 39831 730 20 splashes splash NNS 39831 730 21 observed observe VBN 39831 730 22 . . . 39831 731 1 When when WRB 39831 731 2 the the DT 39831 731 3 glycerine glycerine NN 39831 731 4 was be VBD 39831 731 5 increased increase VBN 39831 731 6 to to IN 39831 731 7 six six CD 39831 731 8 volumes volume NNS 39831 731 9 in in IN 39831 731 10 fifty fifty CD 39831 731 11 - - HYPH 39831 731 12 one one CD 39831 731 13 of of IN 39831 731 14 water water NN 39831 731 15 , , , 39831 731 16 though though IN 39831 731 17 this this DT 39831 731 18 made make VBD 39831 731 19 the the DT 39831 731 20 viscosity viscosity NN 39831 731 21 half half RB 39831 731 22 as as RB 39831 731 23 great great JJ 39831 731 24 again again RB 39831 731 25 , , , 39831 731 26 the the DT 39831 731 27 change change NN 39831 731 28 was be VBD 39831 731 29 noticeable noticeable JJ 39831 731 30 but but CC 39831 731 31 still still RB 39831 731 32 slight slight JJ 39831 731 33 , , , 39831 731 34 the the DT 39831 731 35 chief chief JJ 39831 731 36 difference difference NN 39831 731 37 being be VBG 39831 731 38 , , , 39831 731 39 with with IN 39831 731 40 a a DT 39831 731 41 smooth smooth JJ 39831 731 42 sphere sphere NN 39831 731 43 , , , 39831 731 44 the the DT 39831 731 45 greater great JJR 39831 731 46 salience salience NN 39831 731 47 of of IN 39831 731 48 the the DT 39831 731 49 ribs rib NNS 39831 731 50 or or CC 39831 731 51 flutings fluting NNS 39831 731 52 in in IN 39831 731 53 some some DT 39831 731 54 of of IN 39831 731 55 the the DT 39831 731 56 earlier early JJR 39831 731 57 stages stage NNS 39831 731 58 of of IN 39831 731 59 the the DT 39831 731 60 glycerine glycerine JJ 39831 731 61 splash splash NN 39831 731 62 , , , 39831 731 63 and and CC 39831 731 64 the the DT 39831 731 65 much much RB 39831 731 66 greater great JJR 39831 731 67 reluctance reluctance NN 39831 731 68 of of IN 39831 731 69 the the DT 39831 731 70 subsequent subsequent JJ 39831 731 71 jets jet NNS 39831 731 72 to to TO 39831 731 73 topple topple VB 39831 731 74 into into IN 39831 731 75 droplets droplet NNS 39831 731 76 . . . 39831 732 1 This this DT 39831 732 2 latter latter JJ 39831 732 3 feature feature NN 39831 732 4 is be VBZ 39831 732 5 well well RB 39831 732 6 seen see VBN 39831 732 7 in in IN 39831 732 8 the the DT 39831 732 9 first first JJ 39831 732 10 figure figure NN 39831 732 11 on on IN 39831 732 12 page page NN 39831 732 13 105 105 CD 39831 732 14 , , , 39831 732 15 showing show VBG 39831 732 16 the the DT 39831 732 17 entry entry NN 39831 732 18 of of IN 39831 732 19 a a DT 39831 732 20 smooth smooth JJ 39831 732 21 sphere sphere NN 39831 732 22 of of IN 39831 732 23 polished polished JJ 39831 732 24 serpentine serpentine JJ 39831 732 25 stone stone NN 39831 732 26 into into IN 39831 732 27 this this DT 39831 732 28 glycerine glycerine JJ 39831 732 29 mixture mixture NN 39831 732 30 from from IN 39831 732 31 a a DT 39831 732 32 height height NN 39831 732 33 of of IN 39831 732 34 50 50 CD 39831 732 35 cm cm NNS 39831 732 36 . . . 39831 733 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 733 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 733 3 : : : 39831 733 4 SERIES serie NNS 39831 733 5 XIII XIII NNP 39831 733 6 Splash Splash NNP 39831 733 7 of of IN 39831 733 8 a a DT 39831 733 9 smooth smooth JJ 39831 733 10 wet wet JJ 39831 733 11 sphere sphere NN 39831 733 12 . . . 39831 734 1 1 1 CD 39831 734 2 T t NN 39831 734 3 = = SYM 39831 734 4 0 0 CD 39831 734 5 2 2 CD 39831 734 6 0·003 0â·003 NN 39831 734 7 sec sec NNP 39831 734 8 . . . 39831 735 1 3 3 CD 39831 735 2 0·015 0·015 NNP 39831 735 3 sec sec NNP 39831 735 4 . . . 39831 736 1 4 4 CD 39831 736 2 0·037 0·037 NNP 39831 736 3 sec sec NNP 39831 736 4 . . . 39831 736 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 737 1 With with IN 39831 737 2 pure pure JJ 39831 737 3 glycerine glycerine NN 39831 737 4 , , , 39831 737 5 which which WDT 39831 737 6 is be VBZ 39831 737 7 much much RB 39831 737 8 more more RBR 39831 737 9 viscous viscous JJ 39831 737 10 , , , 39831 737 11 the the DT 39831 737 12 splash splash NN 39831 737 13 of of IN 39831 737 14 the the DT 39831 737 15 same same JJ 39831 737 16 polished polished JJ 39831 737 17 serpentine serpentine NN 39831 737 18 sphere sphere NN 39831 737 19 falling fall VBG 39831 737 20 from from IN 39831 737 21 75 75 CD 39831 737 22 cm cm NNS 39831 737 23 . . . 39831 738 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 738 2 about about RB 39831 738 3 2 2 CD 39831 738 4 - - SYM 39831 738 5 1/2 1/2 CD 39831 738 6 feet foot NNS 39831 738 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 738 8 , , , 39831 738 9 is be VBZ 39831 738 10 shown show VBN 39831 738 11 in in IN 39831 738 12 Series Series NNP 39831 738 13 XIV XIV NNP 39831 738 14 . . . 39831 739 1 In in IN 39831 739 2 the the DT 39831 739 3 original original JJ 39831 739 4 photographs photograph NNS 39831 739 5 the the DT 39831 739 6 radial radial JJ 39831 739 7 furrows furrow NNS 39831 739 8 on on IN 39831 739 9 the the DT 39831 739 10 right right JJ 39831 739 11 - - HYPH 39831 739 12 hand hand NN 39831 739 13 side side NN 39831 739 14 of of IN 39831 739 15 Fig Fig NNP 39831 739 16 . . . 39831 740 1 2 2 CD 39831 740 2 are be VBP 39831 740 3 very very RB 39831 740 4 pronounced pronounced JJ 39831 740 5 , , , 39831 740 6 and and CC 39831 740 7 even even RB 39831 740 8 in in IN 39831 740 9 Fig Fig NNP 39831 740 10 . . . 39831 741 1 1 1 LS 39831 741 2 the the DT 39831 741 3 fluting fluting NN 39831 741 4 of of IN 39831 741 5 the the DT 39831 741 6 film film NN 39831 741 7 is be VBZ 39831 741 8 seen see VBN 39831 741 9 to to TO 39831 741 10 be be VB 39831 741 11 already already RB 39831 741 12 well well RB 39831 741 13 developed develop VBN 39831 741 14 on on IN 39831 741 15 the the DT 39831 741 16 left left JJ 39831 741 17 - - HYPH 39831 741 18 hand hand NN 39831 741 19 side side NN 39831 741 20 ; ; : 39831 741 21 but but CC 39831 741 22 these these DT 39831 741 23 details detail NNS 39831 741 24 have have VBP 39831 741 25 proved prove VBN 39831 741 26 rather rather RB 39831 741 27 too too RB 39831 741 28 delicate delicate JJ 39831 741 29 for for IN 39831 741 30 reproduction reproduction NN 39831 741 31 in in IN 39831 741 32 the the DT 39831 741 33 plate plate NN 39831 741 34 . . . 39831 742 1 Two two CD 39831 742 2 photographs photograph NNS 39831 742 3 taken take VBN 39831 742 4 of of IN 39831 742 5 stage stage NN 39831 742 6 2 2 CD 39831 742 7 had have VBD 39831 742 8 each each DT 39831 742 9 of of IN 39831 742 10 them -PRON- PRP 39831 742 11 an an DT 39831 742 12 isolated isolate VBN 39831 742 13 jet jet NN 39831 742 14 , , , 39831 742 15 owing owe VBG 39831 742 16 probably probably RB 39831 742 17 to to IN 39831 742 18 the the DT 39831 742 19 fact fact NN 39831 742 20 that that IN 39831 742 21 when when WRB 39831 742 22 working work VBG 39831 742 23 with with IN 39831 742 24 so so RB 39831 742 25 sticky sticky JJ 39831 742 26 a a DT 39831 742 27 liquid liquid NN 39831 742 28 it -PRON- PRP 39831 742 29 was be VBD 39831 742 30 difficult difficult JJ 39831 742 31 to to TO 39831 742 32 avoid avoid VB 39831 742 33 contaminating contaminate VBG 39831 742 34 the the DT 39831 742 35 cloth cloth NN 39831 742 36 on on IN 39831 742 37 which which WDT 39831 742 38 the the DT 39831 742 39 sphere sphere NN 39831 742 40 was be VBD 39831 742 41 each each DT 39831 742 42 time time NN 39831 742 43 repolished repolishe VBN 39831 742 44 after after IN 39831 742 45 washing wash VBG 39831 742 46 in in IN 39831 742 47 water water NN 39831 742 48 , , , 39831 742 49 with with IN 39831 742 50 the the DT 39831 742 51 result result NN 39831 742 52 that that IN 39831 742 53 the the DT 39831 742 54 spheres sphere NNS 39831 742 55 behaved behave VBD 39831 742 56 as as IN 39831 742 57 if if IN 39831 742 58 locally locally RB 39831 742 59 rough rough JJ 39831 742 60 . . . 39831 743 1 The the DT 39831 743 2 relatively relatively RB 39831 743 3 great great JJ 39831 743 4 length length NN 39831 743 5 and and CC 39831 743 6 height height NN 39831 743 7 of of IN 39831 743 8 this this DT 39831 743 9 jet jet NN 39831 743 10 brings bring VBZ 39831 743 11 out out RP 39831 743 12 well well RB 39831 743 13 the the DT 39831 743 14 part part NN 39831 743 15 played play VBN 39831 743 16 by by IN 39831 743 17 viscosity viscosity NN 39831 743 18 , , , 39831 743 19 both both CC 39831 743 20 in in IN 39831 743 21 delaying delay VBG 39831 743 22 segmentation segmentation NN 39831 743 23 into into IN 39831 743 24 droplets droplet NNS 39831 743 25 and and CC 39831 743 26 also also RB 39831 743 27 in in IN 39831 743 28 hindering hinder VBG 39831 743 29 the the DT 39831 743 30 flow flow NN 39831 743 31 of of IN 39831 743 32 the the DT 39831 743 33 rest rest NN 39831 743 34 of of IN 39831 743 35 the the DT 39831 743 36 liquid liquid JJ 39831 743 37 sheath sheath NN 39831 743 38 which which WDT 39831 743 39 has have VBZ 39831 743 40 remained remain VBN 39831 743 41 in in IN 39831 743 42 contact contact NN 39831 743 43 with with IN 39831 743 44 the the DT 39831 743 45 sphere sphere NN 39831 743 46 . . . 39831 744 1 With with IN 39831 744 2 a a DT 39831 744 3 rough rough JJ 39831 744 4 sphere sphere NN 39831 744 5 falling fall VBG 39831 744 6 into into IN 39831 744 7 pure pure JJ 39831 744 8 glycerine glycerine NN 39831 744 9 from from IN 39831 744 10 the the DT 39831 744 11 same same JJ 39831 744 12 height height NN 39831 744 13 of of IN 39831 744 14 75 75 CD 39831 744 15 cm cm NNS 39831 744 16 . . NNP 39831 744 17 , , , 39831 744 18 except except IN 39831 744 19 for for IN 39831 744 20 an an DT 39831 744 21 occasional occasional JJ 39831 744 22 jet jet NN 39831 744 23 that that WDT 39831 744 24 may may MD 39831 744 25 escape escape VB 39831 744 26 as as IN 39831 744 27 in in IN 39831 744 28 Fig Fig NNP 39831 744 29 . . . 39831 745 1 4 4 CD 39831 745 2 of of IN 39831 745 3 Series Series NNP 39831 745 4 XV XV NNP 39831 745 5 , , , 39831 745 6 the the DT 39831 745 7 proceedings proceeding NNS 39831 745 8 are be VBP 39831 745 9 uneventful uneventful JJ 39831 745 10 , , , 39831 745 11 as as IN 39831 745 12 a a DT 39831 745 13 glance glance NN 39831 745 14 at at IN 39831 745 15 the the DT 39831 745 16 series series NN 39831 745 17 will will MD 39831 745 18 show show VB 39831 745 19 . . . 39831 746 1 With with IN 39831 746 2 the the DT 39831 746 3 same same JJ 39831 746 4 height height NN 39831 746 5 of of IN 39831 746 6 fall fall NN 39831 746 7 into into IN 39831 746 8 water water NN 39831 746 9 we -PRON- PRP 39831 746 10 should should MD 39831 746 11 have have VB 39831 746 12 had have VBD 39831 746 13 an an DT 39831 746 14 exquisite exquisite JJ 39831 746 15 crater crater NN 39831 746 16 fringed fringe VBN 39831 746 17 with with IN 39831 746 18 a a DT 39831 746 19 multitude multitude NN 39831 746 20 of of IN 39831 746 21 fine fine JJ 39831 746 22 jets jet NNS 39831 746 23 , , , 39831 746 24 and and CC 39831 746 25 ultimately ultimately RB 39831 746 26 closing close VBG 39831 746 27 to to TO 39831 746 28 form form VB 39831 746 29 a a DT 39831 746 30 bubble bubble NN 39831 746 31 . . . 39831 747 1 We -PRON- PRP 39831 747 2 thus thus RB 39831 747 3 see see VBP 39831 747 4 how how WRB 39831 747 5 little little JJ 39831 747 6 play play NN 39831 747 7 is be VBZ 39831 747 8 given give VBN 39831 747 9 to to IN 39831 747 10 the the DT 39831 747 11 action action NN 39831 747 12 of of IN 39831 747 13 the the DT 39831 747 14 surface surface NN 39831 747 15 - - HYPH 39831 747 16 tension tension NN 39831 747 17 in in IN 39831 747 18 a a DT 39831 747 19 very very RB 39831 747 20 viscous viscous JJ 39831 747 21 liquid liquid NN 39831 747 22 . . . 39831 748 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 748 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 748 3 : : : 39831 748 4 Polished polished JJ 39831 748 5 stone stone NN 39831 748 6 sphere sphere NN 39831 748 7 falling fall VBG 39831 748 8 15 15 CD 39831 748 9 centim centim NN 39831 748 10 . . . 39831 749 1 into into IN 39831 749 2 water water NN 39831 749 3 mixed mix VBN 39831 749 4 with with IN 39831 749 5 glycerine glycerine NN 39831 749 6 . . . 39831 749 7 ] ] -RRB- 39831 750 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 750 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 750 3 : : : 39831 750 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 750 5 XIV XIV NNP 39831 750 6 Polished Polished NNP 39831 750 7 stone stone NN 39831 750 8 sphere sphere NN 39831 750 9 falling fall VBG 39831 750 10 75 75 CD 39831 750 11 centim centim NN 39831 750 12 . . . 39831 751 1 into into IN 39831 751 2 pure pure JJ 39831 751 3 glycerine glycerine NN 39831 751 4 . . . 39831 752 1 Scale scale NN 39831 752 2 9/10 9/10 CD 39831 752 3 . . . 39831 753 1 1 1 CD 39831 753 2 2 2 CD 39831 753 3 3 3 CD 39831 753 4 ] ] -RRB- 39831 753 5 [ [ -LRB- 39831 753 6 Illustration illustration NN 39831 753 7 : : : 39831 753 8 SERIES serie NNS 39831 753 9 XV XV NNP 39831 753 10 Rough Rough NNP 39831 753 11 sphere sphere NN 39831 753 12 falling fall VBG 39831 753 13 75 75 CD 39831 753 14 centim centim NN 39831 753 15 . . . 39831 754 1 into into IN 39831 754 2 pure pure JJ 39831 754 3 glycerine glycerine NN 39831 754 4 . . . 39831 755 1 Scale scale NN 39831 755 2 1/1 1/1 CD 39831 755 3 . . . 39831 756 1 1 1 CD 39831 756 2 T t NN 39831 756 3 = = SYM 39831 756 4 0 0 CD 39831 756 5 2 2 CD 39831 756 6 0·001 0·001 NNP 39831 756 7 sec sec NNP 39831 756 8 . . . 39831 757 1 3 3 CD 39831 757 2 0·002 0·002 NNP 39831 757 3 sec sec NNP 39831 757 4 . . . 39831 758 1 4 4 CD 39831 758 2 0·003 0â·003 NN 39831 758 3 sec sec NNP 39831 758 4 . . . 39831 758 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 759 1 THE the DT 39831 759 2 INFLUENCE influence NN 39831 759 3 OF of IN 39831 759 4 TEMPERATURE temperature NN 39831 759 5 . . . 39831 760 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 760 2 was be VBD 39831 760 3 found find VBN 39831 760 4 that that IN 39831 760 5 if if IN 39831 760 6 a a DT 39831 760 7 polished polished JJ 39831 760 8 sphere sphere NN 39831 760 9 was be VBD 39831 760 10 heated heat VBN 39831 760 11 in in IN 39831 760 12 boiling boiling NN 39831 760 13 water water NN 39831 760 14 , , , 39831 760 15 quickly quickly RB 39831 760 16 rubbed rub VBD 39831 760 17 dry dry JJ 39831 760 18 , , , 39831 760 19 and and CC 39831 760 20 let let VB 39831 760 21 fall fall VB 39831 760 22 while while IN 39831 760 23 still still RB 39831 760 24 hot hot JJ 39831 760 25 , , , 39831 760 26 a a DT 39831 760 27 very very RB 39831 760 28 marked marked JJ 39831 760 29 difference difference NN 39831 760 30 was be VBD 39831 760 31 produced produce VBN 39831 760 32 . . . 39831 761 1 With with IN 39831 761 2 the the DT 39831 761 3 sphere sphere RB 39831 761 4 hot hot JJ 39831 761 5 , , , 39831 761 6 the the DT 39831 761 7 height height NN 39831 761 8 of of IN 39831 761 9 fall fall NN 39831 761 10 can can MD 39831 761 11 be be VB 39831 761 12 much much RB 39831 761 13 increased increase VBN 39831 761 14 before before IN 39831 761 15 the the DT 39831 761 16 splash splash NN 39831 761 17 becomes become VBZ 39831 761 18 " " `` 39831 761 19 rough rough JJ 39831 761 20 . . . 39831 761 21 " " '' 39831 762 1 Thus thus RB 39831 762 2 with with IN 39831 762 3 paraffin paraffin NN 39831 762 4 oil oil NN 39831 762 5 , , , 39831 762 6 the the DT 39831 762 7 height height NN 39831 762 8 with with IN 39831 762 9 a a DT 39831 762 10 nickel nickel NN 39831 762 11 - - HYPH 39831 762 12 plated plate VBN 39831 762 13 sphere sphere NN 39831 762 14 rose rise VBD 39831 762 15 from from IN 39831 762 16 22·2 22â·2 CD 39831 762 17 cm cm NNS 39831 762 18 . . . 39831 763 1 to to IN 39831 763 2 29·3 29·3 NNP 39831 763 3 cm cm NNP 39831 763 4 . . NNP 39831 763 5 , , , 39831 763 6 and and CC 39831 763 7 with with IN 39831 763 8 water water NN 39831 763 9 from from IN 39831 763 10 157 157 CD 39831 763 11 cm cm NNS 39831 763 12 . . . 39831 764 1 to to IN 39831 764 2 234 234 CD 39831 764 3 cm cm NNS 39831 764 4 . . . 39831 765 1 THE the DT 39831 765 2 REMARKABLE REMARKABLE NNP 39831 765 3 INFLUENCE influence NN 39831 765 4 OF of IN 39831 765 5 A a DT 39831 765 6 FLAME FLAME NNP 39831 765 7 HELD HELD NNP 39831 765 8 NEAR near IN 39831 765 9 THE the DT 39831 765 10 LIQUID LIQUID NNP 39831 765 11 , , , 39831 765 12 AND and CC 39831 765 13 TRAVERSED traversed NN 39831 765 14 BY by IN 39831 765 15 THE the DT 39831 765 16 SPHERE SPHERE NNS 39831 765 17 IN in IN 39831 765 18 ITS its PRP$ 39831 765 19 FALL FALL NNP 39831 765 20 . . . 39831 766 1 In in IN 39831 766 2 our -PRON- PRP$ 39831 766 3 search search NN 39831 766 4 for for IN 39831 766 5 the the DT 39831 766 6 explanation explanation NN 39831 766 7 of of IN 39831 766 8 the the DT 39831 766 9 difference difference NN 39831 766 10 between between IN 39831 766 11 the the DT 39831 766 12 rough rough JJ 39831 766 13 and and CC 39831 766 14 the the DT 39831 766 15 smooth smooth JJ 39831 766 16 splash splash NN 39831 766 17 , , , 39831 766 18 it -PRON- PRP 39831 766 19 occurred occur VBD 39831 766 20 to to IN 39831 766 21 us -PRON- PRP 39831 766 22 to to TO 39831 766 23 let let VB 39831 766 24 the the DT 39831 766 25 smooth smooth JJ 39831 766 26 sphere sphere NN 39831 766 27 drop drop NN 39831 766 28 through through IN 39831 766 29 a a DT 39831 766 30 flame flame NN 39831 766 31 held hold VBN 39831 766 32 near near IN 39831 766 33 the the DT 39831 766 34 liquid liquid NN 39831 766 35 , , , 39831 766 36 and and CC 39831 766 37 the the DT 39831 766 38 result result NN 39831 766 39 was be VBD 39831 766 40 very very RB 39831 766 41 remarkable remarkable JJ 39831 766 42 . . . 39831 767 1 With with IN 39831 767 2 paraffin paraffin NN 39831 767 3 oil oil NN 39831 767 4 ( ( -LRB- 39831 767 5 and and CC 39831 767 6 the the DT 39831 767 7 sphere sphere JJ 39831 767 8 hot hot JJ 39831 767 9 ) ) -RRB- 39831 767 10 the the DT 39831 767 11 airless airless NN 39831 767 12 height height NN 39831 767 13 now now RB 39831 767 14 rose rise VBD 39831 767 15 from from IN 39831 767 16 29·3 29â·3 CD 39831 767 17 cm cm NNS 39831 767 18 . . . 39831 768 1 to to IN 39831 768 2 45·3 45·3 NNP 39831 768 3 cm cm NNP 39831 768 4 . . NNP 39831 768 5 , , , 39831 768 6 and and CC 39831 768 7 with with IN 39831 768 8 water water NN 39831 768 9 and and CC 39831 768 10 a a DT 39831 768 11 cold cold JJ 39831 768 12 sphere sphere NN 39831 768 13 , , , 39831 768 14 it -PRON- PRP 39831 768 15 rose rise VBD 39831 768 16 from from IN 39831 768 17 157 157 CD 39831 768 18 cm cm NNS 39831 768 19 . . . 39831 769 1 to to IN 39831 769 2 over over IN 39831 769 3 258 258 CD 39831 769 4 cm cm NNS 39831 769 5 . . NNP 39831 769 6 , , , 39831 769 7 which which WDT 39831 769 8 was be VBD 39831 769 9 the the DT 39831 769 10 greatest great JJS 39831 769 11 height height NN 39831 769 12 that that IN 39831 769 13 the the DT 39831 769 14 laboratory laboratory NN 39831 769 15 would would MD 39831 769 16 permit permit VB 39831 769 17 . . . 39831 770 1 Either either CC 39831 770 2 the the DT 39831 770 3 luminous luminous JJ 39831 770 4 flame flame NN 39831 770 5 of of IN 39831 770 6 a a DT 39831 770 7 bat's bat's NN 39831 770 8 - - HYPH 39831 770 9 wing wing NN 39831 770 10 burner burner NN 39831 770 11 or or CC 39831 770 12 the the DT 39831 770 13 flame flame NN 39831 770 14 of of IN 39831 770 15 a a DT 39831 770 16 Bunsen Bunsen NNP 39831 770 17 burner burner NN 39831 770 18 held hold VBD 39831 770 19 nearly nearly RB 39831 770 20 horizontal horizontal JJ 39831 770 21 produces produce VBZ 39831 770 22 the the DT 39831 770 23 effect effect NN 39831 770 24 , , , 39831 770 25 provided provide VBN 39831 770 26 the the DT 39831 770 27 flame flame NN 39831 770 28 is be VBZ 39831 770 29 held hold VBN 39831 770 30 near near IN 39831 770 31 enough enough RB 39831 770 32 to to IN 39831 770 33 the the DT 39831 770 34 surface surface NN 39831 770 35 of of IN 39831 770 36 the the DT 39831 770 37 liquid liquid NN 39831 770 38 , , , 39831 770 39 and and CC 39831 770 40 it -PRON- PRP 39831 770 41 is be VBZ 39831 770 42 a a DT 39831 770 43 very very RB 39831 770 44 striking striking JJ 39831 770 45 experiment experiment NN 39831 770 46 to to TO 39831 770 47 let let VB 39831 770 48 the the DT 39831 770 49 polished polished JJ 39831 770 50 sphere sphere NN 39831 770 51 fall fall NN 39831 770 52 several several JJ 39831 770 53 times time NNS 39831 770 54 from from IN 39831 770 55 a a DT 39831 770 56 height height NN 39831 770 57 which which WDT 39831 770 58 gives give VBZ 39831 770 59 a a DT 39831 770 60 large large JJ 39831 770 61 volume volume NN 39831 770 62 of of IN 39831 770 63 bubbles bubble NNS 39831 770 64 rising rise VBG 39831 770 65 with with IN 39831 770 66 much much JJ 39831 770 67 noise noise NN 39831 770 68 to to IN 39831 770 69 the the DT 39831 770 70 surface surface NN 39831 770 71 , , , 39831 770 72 and and CC 39831 770 73 then then RB 39831 770 74 to to TO 39831 770 75 let let VB 39831 770 76 it -PRON- PRP 39831 770 77 fall fall VB 39831 770 78 through through IN 39831 770 79 the the DT 39831 770 80 flame flame NN 39831 770 81 , , , 39831 770 82 and and CC 39831 770 83 to to TO 39831 770 84 observe observe VB 39831 770 85 the the DT 39831 770 86 complete complete JJ 39831 770 87 change change NN 39831 770 88 in in IN 39831 770 89 the the DT 39831 770 90 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39831 770 91 . . . 39831 771 1 On on IN 39831 771 2 a a DT 39831 771 3 sphere sphere NN 39831 771 4 already already RB 39831 771 5 roughened roughen VBN 39831 771 6 the the DT 39831 771 7 flame flame NN 39831 771 8 has have VBZ 39831 771 9 no no DT 39831 771 10 observable observable JJ 39831 771 11 effect effect NN 39831 771 12 . . . 39831 772 1 THE the DT 39831 772 2 SUPPOSITION supposition NN 39831 772 3 OF of IN 39831 772 4 ELECTRIFICATION ELECTRIFICATION NNS 39831 772 5 TESTED test VBN 39831 772 6 AND and CC 39831 772 7 REJECTED reject VBN 39831 772 8 . . . 39831 773 1 The the DT 39831 773 2 behaviour behaviour NN 39831 773 3 with with IN 39831 773 4 a a DT 39831 773 5 flame flame NN 39831 773 6 led lead VBN 39831 773 7 at at IN 39831 773 8 first first RB 39831 773 9 to to IN 39831 773 10 the the DT 39831 773 11 supposition supposition NN 39831 773 12 that that WDT 39831 773 13 we -PRON- PRP 39831 773 14 had have VBD 39831 773 15 to to TO 39831 773 16 deal deal VB 39831 773 17 with with IN 39831 773 18 an an DT 39831 773 19 electrical electrical JJ 39831 773 20 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39831 773 21 , , , 39831 773 22 for for IN 39831 773 23 a a DT 39831 773 24 flame flame NN 39831 773 25 would would MD 39831 773 26 certainly certainly RB 39831 773 27 discharge discharge VB 39831 773 28 completely completely RB 39831 773 29 any any DT 39831 773 30 electrified electrified JJ 39831 773 31 sphere sphere NN 39831 773 32 passing pass VBG 39831 773 33 through through IN 39831 773 34 it -PRON- PRP 39831 773 35 , , , 39831 773 36 and and CC 39831 773 37 it -PRON- PRP 39831 773 38 appeared appear VBD 39831 773 39 reasonable reasonable JJ 39831 773 40 to to TO 39831 773 41 suppose suppose VB 39831 773 42 that that IN 39831 773 43 the the DT 39831 773 44 sphere sphere NN 39831 773 45 might may MD 39831 773 46 become become VB 39831 773 47 electrified electrify VBN 39831 773 48 by by IN 39831 773 49 friction friction NN 39831 773 50 with with IN 39831 773 51 the the DT 39831 773 52 air air NN 39831 773 53 through through IN 39831 773 54 which which WDT 39831 773 55 it -PRON- PRP 39831 773 56 fell fall VBD 39831 773 57 . . . 39831 774 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 774 2 required require VBD 39831 774 3 a a DT 39831 774 4 long long JJ 39831 774 5 series series NN 39831 774 6 of of IN 39831 774 7 experiments experiment NNS 39831 774 8 , , , 39831 774 9 into into IN 39831 774 10 the the DT 39831 774 11 details detail NNS 39831 774 12 of of IN 39831 774 13 which which WDT 39831 774 14 I -PRON- PRP 39831 774 15 need need VBP 39831 774 16 not not RB 39831 774 17 now now RB 39831 774 18 ask ask VB 39831 774 19 my -PRON- PRP$ 39831 774 20 readers reader NNS 39831 774 21 to to TO 39831 774 22 enter enter VB 39831 774 23 , , , 39831 774 24 to to TO 39831 774 25 prove prove VB 39831 774 26 that that IN 39831 774 27 this this DT 39831 774 28 tempting tempting JJ 39831 774 29 explanation explanation NN 39831 774 30 was be VBD 39831 774 31 untenable untenable JJ 39831 774 32 , , , 39831 774 33 and and CC 39831 774 34 that that IN 39831 774 35 there there EX 39831 774 36 was be VBD 39831 774 37 no no DT 39831 774 38 reason reason NN 39831 774 39 to to TO 39831 774 40 believe believe VB 39831 774 41 that that IN 39831 774 42 electrification electrification NN 39831 774 43 had have VBD 39831 774 44 anything anything NN 39831 774 45 to to TO 39831 774 46 do do VB 39831 774 47 with with IN 39831 774 48 the the DT 39831 774 49 matter matter NN 39831 774 50 . . . 39831 775 1 EXPERIMENTS EXPERIMENTS NNP 39831 775 2 IN in IN 39831 775 3 VACUO VACUO NNP 39831 775 4 . . . 39831 776 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 776 2 remained remain VBD 39831 776 3 to to TO 39831 776 4 examine examine VB 39831 776 5 what what WP 39831 776 6 part part NN 39831 776 7 was be VBD 39831 776 8 played play VBN 39831 776 9 by by IN 39831 776 10 the the DT 39831 776 11 air air NN 39831 776 12 in in IN 39831 776 13 the the DT 39831 776 14 whole whole JJ 39831 776 15 transaction transaction NN 39831 776 16 . . . 39831 777 1 This this DT 39831 777 2 could could MD 39831 777 3 only only RB 39831 777 4 be be VB 39831 777 5 settled settle VBN 39831 777 6 by by IN 39831 777 7 removing remove VBG 39831 777 8 the the DT 39831 777 9 air air NN 39831 777 10 and and CC 39831 777 11 letting let VBG 39831 777 12 the the DT 39831 777 13 spheres sphere NNS 39831 777 14 , , , 39831 777 15 whether whether IN 39831 777 16 rough rough JJ 39831 777 17 or or CC 39831 777 18 smooth smooth JJ 39831 777 19 , , , 39831 777 20 fall fall VBP 39831 777 21 through through IN 39831 777 22 a a DT 39831 777 23 vacuum vacuum NN 39831 777 24 into into IN 39831 777 25 the the DT 39831 777 26 liquid liquid NN 39831 777 27 , , , 39831 777 28 or or CC 39831 777 29 rather rather RB 39831 777 30 through through IN 39831 777 31 a a DT 39831 777 32 space space NN 39831 777 33 occupied occupy VBN 39831 777 34 only only RB 39831 777 35 by by IN 39831 777 36 the the DT 39831 777 37 vapour vapour NN 39831 777 38 of of IN 39831 777 39 the the DT 39831 777 40 liquid liquid NN 39831 777 41 in in IN 39831 777 42 use use NN 39831 777 43 . . . 39831 778 1 Instantaneous instantaneous JJ 39831 778 2 photographs photograph NNS 39831 778 3 obtained obtain VBN 39831 778 4 under under IN 39831 778 5 these these DT 39831 778 6 conditions condition NNS 39831 778 7 showed show VBD 39831 778 8 that that IN 39831 778 9 the the DT 39831 778 10 presence presence NN 39831 778 11 of of IN 39831 778 12 the the DT 39831 778 13 air air NN 39831 778 14 has have VBZ 39831 778 15 no no DT 39831 778 16 material material JJ 39831 778 17 influence influence NN 39831 778 18 on on IN 39831 778 19 the the DT 39831 778 20 early early JJ 39831 778 21 course course NN 39831 778 22 of of IN 39831 778 23 the the DT 39831 778 24 splash splash NN 39831 778 25 , , , 39831 778 26 and and CC 39831 778 27 that that IN 39831 778 28 a a DT 39831 778 29 sphere sphere NN 39831 778 30 which which WDT 39831 778 31 gives give VBZ 39831 778 32 a a DT 39831 778 33 " " `` 39831 778 34 smooth smooth JJ 39831 778 35 " " '' 39831 778 36 splash splash NN 39831 778 37 in in IN 39831 778 38 air air NN 39831 778 39 will will MD 39831 778 40 give give VB 39831 778 41 a a DT 39831 778 42 " " `` 39831 778 43 smooth smooth JJ 39831 778 44 " " '' 39831 778 45 splash splash VBP 39831 778 46 in in IN 39831 778 47 vacuo vacuo NNS 39831 778 48 , , , 39831 778 49 while while IN 39831 778 50 if if IN 39831 778 51 the the DT 39831 778 52 splash splash NN 39831 778 53 is be VBZ 39831 778 54 " " `` 39831 778 55 rough rough JJ 39831 778 56 " " '' 39831 778 57 in in IN 39831 778 58 air air NN 39831 778 59 , , , 39831 778 60 it -PRON- PRP 39831 778 61 will will MD 39831 778 62 also also RB 39831 778 63 be be VB 39831 778 64 " " `` 39831 778 65 rough rough JJ 39831 778 66 " " '' 39831 778 67 in in IN 39831 778 68 vacuo vacuo NNS 39831 778 69 . . . 39831 779 1 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 39831 779 2 : : : 39831 779 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 779 4 G g NN 39831 779 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 779 6 Some some DT 39831 779 7 useful useful JJ 39831 779 8 information information NN 39831 779 9 about about IN 39831 779 10 the the DT 39831 779 11 internal internal JJ 39831 779 12 flow flow NN 39831 779 13 of of IN 39831 779 14 the the DT 39831 779 15 liquid liquid NN 39831 779 16 was be VBD 39831 779 17 obtained obtain VBN 39831 779 18 by by IN 39831 779 19 the the DT 39831 779 20 device device NN 39831 779 21 of of IN 39831 779 22 letting let VBG 39831 779 23 the the DT 39831 779 24 sphere sphere NN 39831 779 25 descend descend NN 39831 779 26 between between IN 39831 779 27 two two CD 39831 779 28 slowly slowly RB 39831 779 29 ascending ascend VBG 39831 779 30 streams stream NNS 39831 779 31 of of IN 39831 779 32 very very RB 39831 779 33 minute minute NN 39831 779 34 bubbles bubble NNS 39831 779 35 liberated liberate VBN 39831 779 36 by by IN 39831 779 37 electrolysis electrolysis NN 39831 779 38 at at IN 39831 779 39 two two CD 39831 779 40 electrodes electrode NNS 39831 779 41 placed place VBN 39831 779 42 in in IN 39831 779 43 the the DT 39831 779 44 liquid liquid NN 39831 779 45 . . . 39831 780 1 These these DT 39831 780 2 streams stream NNS 39831 780 3 , , , 39831 780 4 initially initially RB 39831 780 5 straight straight JJ 39831 780 6 and and CC 39831 780 7 vertical vertical JJ 39831 780 8 , , , 39831 780 9 were be VBD 39831 780 10 displaced displace VBN 39831 780 11 and and CC 39831 780 12 distorted distort VBN 39831 780 13 as as IN 39831 780 14 the the DT 39831 780 15 sphere sphere NN 39831 780 16 passed pass VBD 39831 780 17 near near IN 39831 780 18 them -PRON- PRP 39831 780 19 and and CC 39831 780 20 afforded afford VBD 39831 780 21 a a DT 39831 780 22 measure measure NN 39831 780 23 of of IN 39831 780 24 the the DT 39831 780 25 displacement displacement NN 39831 780 26 of of IN 39831 780 27 the the DT 39831 780 28 fluid fluid NN 39831 780 29 at at IN 39831 780 30 different different JJ 39831 780 31 points point NNS 39831 780 32 . . . 39831 781 1 For for IN 39831 781 2 details detail NNS 39831 781 3 see see VBP 39831 781 4 _ _ NNP 39831 781 5 Phil Phil NNP 39831 781 6 . . . 39831 782 1 Trans tran NNS 39831 782 2 . . . 39831 783 1 Roy Roy NNP 39831 783 2 . . . 39831 784 1 Soc Soc NNP 39831 784 2 . . . 39831 784 3 _ _ NNP 39831 784 4 , , , 39831 784 5 Vol Vol NNP 39831 784 6 . . . 39831 785 1 194 194 CD 39831 785 2 , , , 39831 785 3 p. p. NN 39831 785 4 178 178 CD 39831 785 5 ( ( -LRB- 39831 785 6 1900 1900 CD 39831 785 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 785 8 . . . 39831 786 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 786 2 H h NN 39831 786 3 ] ] -RRB- 39831 786 4 Glycerine Glycerine NNP 39831 786 5 was be VBD 39831 786 6 found find VBN 39831 786 7 to to TO 39831 786 8 be be VB 39831 786 9 a a DT 39831 786 10 rather rather RB 39831 786 11 treacherous treacherous JJ 39831 786 12 liquid liquid NN 39831 786 13 , , , 39831 786 14 requiring require VBG 39831 786 15 special special JJ 39831 786 16 precautions precaution NNS 39831 786 17 for for IN 39831 786 18 which which WDT 39831 786 19 the the DT 39831 786 20 reader reader NN 39831 786 21 who who WP 39831 786 22 desires desire VBZ 39831 786 23 details detail NNS 39831 786 24 is be VBZ 39831 786 25 referred refer VBN 39831 786 26 to to IN 39831 786 27 the the DT 39831 786 28 original original JJ 39831 786 29 memoir memoir NN 39831 786 30 . . . 39831 787 1 _ _ NNP 39831 787 2 Phil Phil NNP 39831 787 3 . . . 39831 788 1 Trans tran NNS 39831 788 2 . . . 39831 789 1 Roy Roy NNP 39831 789 2 . . . 39831 790 1 Soc Soc NNP 39831 790 2 . . . 39831 790 3 _ _ NNP 39831 790 4 , , , 39831 790 5 Series Series NNP 39831 790 6 A A NNP 39831 790 7 , , , 39831 790 8 1900 1900 CD 39831 790 9 . . . 39831 791 1 Vol Vol NNP 39831 791 2 . . . 39831 792 1 194 194 CD 39831 792 2 , , , 39831 792 3 p. p. NN 39831 792 4 198 198 CD 39831 792 5 . . . 39831 793 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 39831 793 2 IX IX NNP 39831 793 3 THE the DT 39831 793 4 EXPLANATION EXPLANATION NNP 39831 793 5 OF of IN 39831 793 6 THE the DT 39831 793 7 CAUSE cause NN 39831 793 8 OF of IN 39831 793 9 DIFFERENCE difference NN 39831 793 10 BETWEEN between IN 39831 793 11 THE the DT 39831 793 12 TWO two CD 39831 793 13 SPLASHES SPLASHES NNP 39831 793 14 I -PRON- PRP 39831 793 15 have have VBP 39831 793 16 some some DT 39831 793 17 hope hope NN 39831 793 18 that that IN 39831 793 19 , , , 39831 793 20 by by IN 39831 793 21 the the DT 39831 793 22 enumeration enumeration NN 39831 793 23 of of IN 39831 793 24 the the DT 39831 793 25 many many JJ 39831 793 26 surprising surprising JJ 39831 793 27 and and CC 39831 793 28 puzzling puzzling JJ 39831 793 29 facts fact NNS 39831 793 30 mentioned mention VBN 39831 793 31 in in IN 39831 793 32 the the DT 39831 793 33 last last JJ 39831 793 34 chapter chapter NN 39831 793 35 , , , 39831 793 36 I -PRON- PRP 39831 793 37 may may MD 39831 793 38 have have VB 39831 793 39 succeeded succeed VBN 39831 793 40 in in IN 39831 793 41 producing produce VBG 39831 793 42 in in IN 39831 793 43 the the DT 39831 793 44 mind mind NN 39831 793 45 of of IN 39831 793 46 my -PRON- PRP$ 39831 793 47 reader reader NN 39831 793 48 some some DT 39831 793 49 sympathy sympathy NN 39831 793 50 with with IN 39831 793 51 the the DT 39831 793 52 state state NN 39831 793 53 of of IN 39831 793 54 perplexity perplexity NN 39831 793 55 of of IN 39831 793 56 Mr. Mr. NNP 39831 793 57 Cole Cole NNP 39831 793 58 and and CC 39831 793 59 myself -PRON- PRP 39831 793 60 when when WRB 39831 793 61 , , , 39831 793 62 after after IN 39831 793 63 four four CD 39831 793 64 years year NNS 39831 793 65 of of IN 39831 793 66 experimenting experimenting NN 39831 793 67 , , , 39831 793 68 we -PRON- PRP 39831 793 69 found find VBD 39831 793 70 ourselves -PRON- PRP 39831 793 71 still still RB 39831 793 72 unable unable JJ 39831 793 73 to to TO 39831 793 74 answer answer VB 39831 793 75 the the DT 39831 793 76 question question NN 39831 793 77 , , , 39831 793 78 " " `` 39831 793 79 Why why WRB 39831 793 80 does do VBZ 39831 793 81 the the DT 39831 793 82 rough rough JJ 39831 793 83 sphere sphere NN 39831 793 84 make make VB 39831 793 85 one one CD 39831 793 86 kind kind NN 39831 793 87 of of IN 39831 793 88 splash splash NN 39831 793 89 , , , 39831 793 90 the the DT 39831 793 91 smooth smooth JJ 39831 793 92 sphere sphere VBD 39831 793 93 another another DT 39831 793 94 kind kind NN 39831 793 95 ? ? . 39831 793 96 " " '' 39831 794 1 By by IN 39831 794 2 reflecting reflect VBG 39831 794 3 , , , 39831 794 4 however however RB 39831 794 5 , , , 39831 794 6 on on IN 39831 794 7 all all PDT 39831 794 8 the the DT 39831 794 9 facts fact NNS 39831 794 10 at at IN 39831 794 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 39831 794 12 disposal disposal NN 39831 794 13 , , , 39831 794 14 we -PRON- PRP 39831 794 15 were be VBD 39831 794 16 at at IN 39831 794 17 last last JJ 39831 794 18 led lead VBD 39831 794 19 to to IN 39831 794 20 what what WP 39831 794 21 seems seem VBZ 39831 794 22 to to TO 39831 794 23 be be VB 39831 794 24 an an DT 39831 794 25 entirely entirely RB 39831 794 26 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39831 794 27 explanation explanation NN 39831 794 28 , , , 39831 794 29 and and CC 39831 794 30 one one CD 39831 794 31 moreover moreover RB 39831 794 32 which which WDT 39831 794 33 we -PRON- PRP 39831 794 34 were be VBD 39831 794 35 able able JJ 39831 794 36 to to TO 39831 794 37 test test VB 39831 794 38 by by IN 39831 794 39 further further JJ 39831 794 40 experiment experiment NN 39831 794 41 . . . 39831 795 1 This this DT 39831 795 2 explanation explanation NN 39831 795 3 may may MD 39831 795 4 be be VB 39831 795 5 stated state VBN 39831 795 6 as as IN 39831 795 7 follows:-- follows:-- -LRB- 39831 795 8 When when WRB 39831 795 9 a a DT 39831 795 10 sphere sphere NN 39831 795 11 , , , 39831 795 12 either either CC 39831 795 13 rough rough JJ 39831 795 14 or or CC 39831 795 15 smooth smooth JJ 39831 795 16 , , , 39831 795 17 first first RB 39831 795 18 strikes strike VBZ 39831 795 19 the the DT 39831 795 20 liquid liquid NN 39831 795 21 , , , 39831 795 22 there there EX 39831 795 23 is be VBZ 39831 795 24 an an DT 39831 795 25 impulsive impulsive JJ 39831 795 26 pressure pressure NN 39831 795 27 between between IN 39831 795 28 the the DT 39831 795 29 two two CD 39831 795 30 , , , 39831 795 31 and and CC 39831 795 32 the the DT 39831 795 33 column column NN 39831 795 34 of of IN 39831 795 35 liquid liquid NN 39831 795 36 lying lie VBG 39831 795 37 vertically vertically RB 39831 795 38 below below IN 39831 795 39 the the DT 39831 795 40 elementary elementary JJ 39831 795 41 area area NN 39831 795 42 of of IN 39831 795 43 first first JJ 39831 795 44 contact contact NN 39831 795 45 is be VBZ 39831 795 46 compressed compress VBN 39831 795 47 . . . 39831 796 1 For for IN 39831 796 2 very very RB 39831 796 3 rapid rapid JJ 39831 796 4 displacements displacement NNS 39831 796 5 the the DT 39831 796 6 liquid liquid NN 39831 796 7 on on IN 39831 796 8 account account NN 39831 796 9 of of IN 39831 796 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 796 11 viscosity viscosity NN 39831 796 12 behaves behave NNS 39831 796 13 like like IN 39831 796 14 a a DT 39831 796 15 solid solid JJ 39831 796 16 . . . 39831 797 1 In in IN 39831 797 2 the the DT 39831 797 3 case case NN 39831 797 4 of of IN 39831 797 5 a a DT 39831 797 6 solid solid JJ 39831 797 7 rod rod NN 39831 797 8 we -PRON- PRP 39831 797 9 know know VBP 39831 797 10 that that IN 39831 797 11 the the DT 39831 797 12 head head NN 39831 797 13 would would MD 39831 797 14 be be VB 39831 797 15 somewhat somewhat RB 39831 797 16 flattened flatten VBN 39831 797 17 out out RP 39831 797 18 by by IN 39831 797 19 a a DT 39831 797 20 similar similar JJ 39831 797 21 blow blow NN 39831 797 22 , , , 39831 797 23 and and CC 39831 797 24 a a DT 39831 797 25 wave wave NN 39831 797 26 of of IN 39831 797 27 compression compression NN 39831 797 28 would would MD 39831 797 29 travel travel VB 39831 797 30 down down IN 39831 797 31 it -PRON- PRP 39831 797 32 ; ; : 39831 797 33 to to IN 39831 797 34 this this DT 39831 797 35 flattening flattening NN 39831 797 36 or or CC 39831 797 37 broadening broadening NN 39831 797 38 out out IN 39831 797 39 of of IN 39831 797 40 the the DT 39831 797 41 head head NN 39831 797 42 of of IN 39831 797 43 the the DT 39831 797 44 column column NN 39831 797 45 corresponds correspond VBZ 39831 797 46 the the DT 39831 797 47 great great JJ 39831 797 48 outward outward JJ 39831 797 49 radial radial JJ 39831 797 50 velocity velocity NN 39831 797 51 , , , 39831 797 52 tangential tangential NN 39831 797 53 to to IN 39831 797 54 the the DT 39831 797 55 surface surface NN 39831 797 56 , , , 39831 797 57 initiated initiate VBN 39831 797 58 in in IN 39831 797 59 the the DT 39831 797 60 liquid liquid NN 39831 797 61 , , , 39831 797 62 of of IN 39831 797 63 which which WDT 39831 797 64 we -PRON- PRP 39831 797 65 have have VBP 39831 797 66 abundant abundant JJ 39831 797 67 evidence evidence NN 39831 797 68 in in IN 39831 797 69 many many JJ 39831 797 70 of of IN 39831 797 71 the the DT 39831 797 72 photographs photograph NNS 39831 797 73 . . . 39831 798 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 798 2 See see VB 39831 798 3 pp pp NN 39831 798 4 . . . 39831 799 1 75 75 CD 39831 799 2 , , , 39831 799 3 87 87 CD 39831 799 4 , , , 39831 799 5 and and CC 39831 799 6 99 99 CD 39831 799 7 . . . 39831 799 8 ) ) -RRB- 39831 800 1 Into into IN 39831 800 2 this this DT 39831 800 3 outward outward NN 39831 800 4 - - HYPH 39831 800 5 flowing flow VBG 39831 800 6 sheath sheath NN 39831 800 7 the the DT 39831 800 8 sphere sphere NN 39831 800 9 descends descend NNS 39831 800 10 , , , 39831 800 11 and and CC 39831 800 12 since since IN 39831 800 13 each each DT 39831 800 14 successive successive JJ 39831 800 15 zone zone NN 39831 800 16 of of IN 39831 800 17 surface surface NN 39831 800 18 which which WDT 39831 800 19 enters enter VBZ 39831 800 20 is be VBZ 39831 800 21 more more RBR 39831 800 22 nearly nearly RB 39831 800 23 parallel parallel JJ 39831 800 24 to to IN 39831 800 25 the the DT 39831 800 26 direction direction NN 39831 800 27 of of IN 39831 800 28 motion motion NN 39831 800 29 of of IN 39831 800 30 the the DT 39831 800 31 sphere sphere NN 39831 800 32 , , , 39831 800 33 the the DT 39831 800 34 displacement displacement NN 39831 800 35 of of IN 39831 800 36 liquid liquid NN 39831 800 37 is be VBZ 39831 800 38 most most RBS 39831 800 39 rapid rapid JJ 39831 800 40 at at IN 39831 800 41 the the DT 39831 800 42 lowest low JJS 39831 800 43 point point NN 39831 800 44 , , , 39831 800 45 from from IN 39831 800 46 the the DT 39831 800 47 neighbourhood neighbourhood NN 39831 800 48 of of IN 39831 800 49 which which WDT 39831 800 50 fresh fresh JJ 39831 800 51 liquid liquid NN 39831 800 52 is be VBZ 39831 800 53 supplied supply VBN 39831 800 54 to to TO 39831 800 55 flow flow VB 39831 800 56 along along IN 39831 800 57 the the DT 39831 800 58 surface surface NN 39831 800 59 . . . 39831 801 1 Whether whether IN 39831 801 2 the the DT 39831 801 3 rising rise VBG 39831 801 4 sheath sheath NN 39831 801 5 shall shall MD 39831 801 6 leave leave VB 39831 801 7 the the DT 39831 801 8 surface surface NN 39831 801 9 of of IN 39831 801 10 the the DT 39831 801 11 sphere sphere NN 39831 801 12 , , , 39831 801 13 or or CC 39831 801 14 shall shall MD 39831 801 15 follow follow VB 39831 801 16 it -PRON- PRP 39831 801 17 , , , 39831 801 18 depends depend VBZ 39831 801 19 upon upon IN 39831 801 20 the the DT 39831 801 21 efficiency efficiency NN 39831 801 22 of of IN 39831 801 23 the the DT 39831 801 24 adhesion adhesion NN 39831 801 25 to to IN 39831 801 26 the the DT 39831 801 27 sphere sphere NN 39831 801 28 . . . 39831 802 1 If if IN 39831 802 2 the the DT 39831 802 3 sphere sphere NN 39831 802 4 is be VBZ 39831 802 5 smooth smooth JJ 39831 802 6 and and CC 39831 802 7 clean clean JJ 39831 802 8 , , , 39831 802 9 the the DT 39831 802 10 molecular molecular JJ 39831 802 11 forces force NNS 39831 802 12 of of IN 39831 802 13 cohesion cohesion NN 39831 802 14 will will MD 39831 802 15 guide guide VB 39831 802 16 the the DT 39831 802 17 nearest near JJS 39831 802 18 layers layer NNS 39831 802 19 of of IN 39831 802 20 the the DT 39831 802 21 advancing advance VBG 39831 802 22 edge edge NN 39831 802 23 of of IN 39831 802 24 the the DT 39831 802 25 sheath sheath NN 39831 802 26 , , , 39831 802 27 and and CC 39831 802 28 will will MD 39831 802 29 thus thus RB 39831 802 30 cause cause VB 39831 802 31 the the DT 39831 802 32 initial initial JJ 39831 802 33 flow flow NN 39831 802 34 to to TO 39831 802 35 be be VB 39831 802 36 along along IN 39831 802 37 the the DT 39831 802 38 surface surface NN 39831 802 39 of of IN 39831 802 40 the the DT 39831 802 41 sphere sphere NN 39831 802 42 . . . 39831 803 1 To to TO 39831 803 2 pull pull VB 39831 803 3 any any DT 39831 803 4 portion portion NN 39831 803 5 of of IN 39831 803 6 the the DT 39831 803 7 advancing advance VBG 39831 803 8 liquid liquid NN 39831 803 9 out out IN 39831 803 10 of of IN 39831 803 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 803 12 rectilinear rectilinear JJ 39831 803 13 path path NN 39831 803 14 the the DT 39831 803 15 sphere sphere NN 39831 803 16 must must MD 39831 803 17 have have VB 39831 803 18 rigidity rigidity NN 39831 803 19 . . . 39831 804 1 If if IN 39831 804 2 the the DT 39831 804 3 advancing advance VBG 39831 804 4 liquid liquid NN 39831 804 5 meets meet VBZ 39831 804 6 loosely loosely RB 39831 804 7 attached attach VBN 39831 804 8 particles particle NNS 39831 804 9 , , , 39831 804 10 e.g. e.g. RB 39831 805 1 of of IN 39831 805 2 dust dust NN 39831 805 3 , , , 39831 805 4 these these DT 39831 805 5 will will MD 39831 805 6 constitute constitute VB 39831 805 7 places place NNS 39831 805 8 of of IN 39831 805 9 departure departure NN 39831 805 10 from from IN 39831 805 11 the the DT 39831 805 12 surface surface NN 39831 805 13 of of IN 39831 805 14 the the DT 39831 805 15 sphere sphere NN 39831 805 16 ; ; : 39831 805 17 the the DT 39831 805 18 dust dust NN 39831 805 19 will will MD 39831 805 20 be be VB 39831 805 21 swept sweep VBN 39831 805 22 away away RB 39831 805 23 by by IN 39831 805 24 the the DT 39831 805 25 momentum momentum NN 39831 805 26 of of IN 39831 805 27 the the DT 39831 805 28 liquid liquid NN 39831 805 29 which which WDT 39831 805 30 , , , 39831 805 31 being be VBG 39831 805 32 no no RB 39831 805 33 longer long RBR 39831 805 34 in in IN 39831 805 35 contact contact NN 39831 805 36 with with IN 39831 805 37 the the DT 39831 805 38 sphere sphere NN 39831 805 39 , , , 39831 805 40 perseveres persevere VBZ 39831 805 41 in in IN 39831 805 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 805 43 rectilinear rectilinear JJ 39831 805 44 motion motion NN 39831 805 45 . . . 39831 806 1 If if IN 39831 806 2 the the DT 39831 806 3 dust dust NN 39831 806 4 particles particle NNS 39831 806 5 are be VBP 39831 806 6 few few JJ 39831 806 7 and and CC 39831 806 8 far far RB 39831 806 9 between between RB 39831 806 10 , , , 39831 806 11 the the DT 39831 806 12 cohesion cohesion NN 39831 806 13 of of IN 39831 806 14 the the DT 39831 806 15 neighbouring neighbour VBG 39831 806 16 liquid liquid NN 39831 806 17 will will MD 39831 806 18 bring bring VB 39831 806 19 back back RB 39831 806 20 the the DT 39831 806 21 deserting desert VBG 39831 806 22 parts part NNS 39831 806 23 , , , 39831 806 24 but but CC 39831 806 25 if if IN 39831 806 26 the the DT 39831 806 27 places place NNS 39831 806 28 of of IN 39831 806 29 departure departure NN 39831 806 30 are be VBP 39831 806 31 many many JJ 39831 806 32 , , , 39831 806 33 then then RB 39831 806 34 the the DT 39831 806 35 momentum momentum NN 39831 806 36 of of IN 39831 806 37 the the DT 39831 806 38 deserters deserter NNS 39831 806 39 will will MD 39831 806 40 prevail prevail VB 39831 806 41 . . . 39831 807 1 Thus thus RB 39831 807 2 at at IN 39831 807 3 every every DT 39831 807 4 instant instant NN 39831 807 5 there there EX 39831 807 6 is be VBZ 39831 807 7 a a DT 39831 807 8 struggle struggle NN 39831 807 9 between between IN 39831 807 10 the the DT 39831 807 11 momentum momentum NN 39831 807 12 of of IN 39831 807 13 the the DT 39831 807 14 advancing advance VBG 39831 807 15 edge edge NN 39831 807 16 of of IN 39831 807 17 the the DT 39831 807 18 sheath sheath NN 39831 807 19 and and CC 39831 807 20 the the DT 39831 807 21 cohesion cohesion NN 39831 807 22 of of IN 39831 807 23 the the DT 39831 807 24 sphere sphere NN 39831 807 25 ; ; : 39831 807 26 the the DT 39831 807 27 greater great JJR 39831 807 28 the the DT 39831 807 29 height height NN 39831 807 30 of of IN 39831 807 31 fall fall VB 39831 807 32 the the DT 39831 807 33 greater great JJR 39831 807 34 will will MD 39831 807 35 be be VB 39831 807 36 the the DT 39831 807 37 momentum momentum NN 39831 807 38 of of IN 39831 807 39 the the DT 39831 807 40 rising rise VBG 39831 807 41 liquid liquid NN 39831 807 42 , , , 39831 807 43 and and CC 39831 807 44 the the DT 39831 807 45 less less RBR 39831 807 46 likely likely JJ 39831 807 47 is be VBZ 39831 807 48 the the DT 39831 807 49 cohesion cohesion NN 39831 807 50 to to TO 39831 807 51 prevail prevail VB 39831 807 52 , , , 39831 807 53 and and CC 39831 807 54 the the DT 39831 807 55 presence presence NN 39831 807 56 or or CC 39831 807 57 absence absence NN 39831 807 58 of of IN 39831 807 59 dust dust NN 39831 807 60 particles particle NNS 39831 807 61 may may MD 39831 807 62 determine determine VB 39831 807 63 the the DT 39831 807 64 issue issue NN 39831 807 65 of of IN 39831 807 66 the the DT 39831 807 67 struggle struggle NN 39831 807 68 . . . 39831 808 1 Roughness roughness NN 39831 808 2 of of IN 39831 808 3 the the DT 39831 808 4 surface surface NN 39831 808 5 will will MD 39831 808 6 be be VB 39831 808 7 equally equally RB 39831 808 8 efficient efficient JJ 39831 808 9 in in IN 39831 808 10 causing cause VBG 39831 808 11 the the DT 39831 808 12 liquid liquid NN 39831 808 13 to to TO 39831 808 14 leave leave VB 39831 808 15 the the DT 39831 808 16 sphere sphere NN 39831 808 17 . . . 39831 809 1 For for IN 39831 809 2 the the DT 39831 809 3 momentum momentum NN 39831 809 4 will will MD 39831 809 5 readily readily RB 39831 809 6 carry carry VB 39831 809 7 the the DT 39831 809 8 liquid liquid NN 39831 809 9 past past IN 39831 809 10 the the DT 39831 809 11 mouth mouth NN 39831 809 12 of of IN 39831 809 13 any any DT 39831 809 14 cavities cavity NNS 39831 809 15 ( ( -LRB- 39831 809 16 see see VB 39831 809 17 Fig Fig NNP 39831 809 18 . . . 39831 810 1 20 20 CD 39831 810 2 ) ) -RRB- 39831 810 3 , , , 39831 810 4 into into IN 39831 810 5 which which WDT 39831 810 6 it -PRON- PRP 39831 810 7 can can MD 39831 810 8 only only RB 39831 810 9 enter enter VB 39831 810 10 with with IN 39831 810 11 a a DT 39831 810 12 very very RB 39831 810 13 sharp sharp JJ 39831 810 14 curvature curvature NN 39831 810 15 of of IN 39831 810 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 810 17 path path NN 39831 810 18 . . . 39831 811 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 811 2 is be VBZ 39831 811 3 to to TO 39831 811 4 be be VB 39831 811 5 observed observe VBN 39831 811 6 that that IN 39831 811 7 the the DT 39831 811 8 surface surface NN 39831 811 9 - - HYPH 39831 811 10 tension tension NN 39831 811 11 of of IN 39831 811 12 the the DT 39831 811 13 air air NN 39831 811 14 - - HYPH 39831 811 15 liquid liquid NN 39831 811 16 surface surface NN 39831 811 17 of of IN 39831 811 18 the the DT 39831 811 19 sheath sheath NN 39831 811 20 will will MD 39831 811 21 act act VB 39831 811 22 at at IN 39831 811 23 all all DT 39831 811 24 times time NNS 39831 811 25 in in IN 39831 811 26 favour favour NN 39831 811 27 of of IN 39831 811 28 the the DT 39831 811 29 cohesion cohesion NN 39831 811 30 of of IN 39831 811 31 the the DT 39831 811 32 sphere sphere NN 39831 811 33 , , , 39831 811 34 and and CC 39831 811 35 even even RB 39831 811 36 if if IN 39831 811 37 the the DT 39831 811 38 film film NN 39831 811 39 has have VBZ 39831 811 40 left leave VBN 39831 811 41 the the DT 39831 811 42 sphere sphere NN 39831 811 43 the the DT 39831 811 44 surface surface NN 39831 811 45 - - HYPH 39831 811 46 tension tension NN 39831 811 47 will will MD 39831 811 48 tend tend VB 39831 811 49 to to TO 39831 811 50 make make VB 39831 811 51 it -PRON- PRP 39831 811 52 close close JJ 39831 811 53 in in RB 39831 811 54 again again RB 39831 811 55 , , , 39831 811 56 but but CC 39831 811 57 we -PRON- PRP 39831 811 58 should should MD 39831 811 59 not not RB 39831 811 60 be be VB 39831 811 61 right right JJ 39831 811 62 in in IN 39831 811 63 attributing attribute VBG 39831 811 64 much much JJ 39831 811 65 importance importance NN 39831 811 66 to to IN 39831 811 67 this this DT 39831 811 68 capillary capillary JJ 39831 811 69 pressure pressure NN 39831 811 70 which which WDT 39831 811 71 , , , 39831 811 72 with with IN 39831 811 73 finite finite JJ 39831 811 74 curvatures curvature NNS 39831 811 75 , , , 39831 811 76 is be VBZ 39831 811 77 a a DT 39831 811 78 force force NN 39831 811 79 of of IN 39831 811 80 a a DT 39831 811 81 lower low JJR 39831 811 82 order order NN 39831 811 83 of of IN 39831 811 84 magnitude magnitude NN 39831 811 85 than than IN 39831 811 86 the the DT 39831 811 87 cohesion cohesion NN 39831 811 88 , , , 39831 811 89 and and CC 39831 811 90 , , , 39831 811 91 as as IN 39831 811 92 the the DT 39831 811 93 photographs photograph NNS 39831 811 94 now now RB 39831 811 95 to to TO 39831 811 96 be be VB 39831 811 97 shown show VBN 39831 811 98 will will MD 39831 811 99 clearly clearly RB 39831 811 100 show show VB 39831 811 101 , , , 39831 811 102 is be VBZ 39831 811 103 incompetent incompetent JJ 39831 811 104 to to TO 39831 811 105 produce produce VB 39831 811 106 the the DT 39831 811 107 effects effect NNS 39831 811 108 observed observe VBN 39831 811 109 . . . 39831 812 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 812 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 812 3 : : : 39831 812 4 FIG FIG NNP 39831 812 5 . . . 39831 813 1 20 20 LS 39831 813 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 813 3 Having have VBG 39831 813 4 arrived arrive VBN 39831 813 5 at at IN 39831 813 6 this this DT 39831 813 7 general general JJ 39831 813 8 explanation explanation NN 39831 813 9 , , , 39831 813 10 we -PRON- PRP 39831 813 11 proceeded proceed VBD 39831 813 12 to to TO 39831 813 13 test test VB 39831 813 14 it -PRON- PRP 39831 813 15 . . . 39831 814 1 EXPERIMENTS experiment NNS 39831 814 2 ON on IN 39831 814 3 THE the DT 39831 814 4 INFLUENCE INFLUENCE NNP 39831 814 5 OF of IN 39831 814 6 DUST DUST NNP 39831 814 7 . . . 39831 815 1 In in IN 39831 815 2 the the DT 39831 815 3 first first JJ 39831 815 4 place place NN 39831 815 5 , , , 39831 815 6 to to TO 39831 815 7 test test VB 39831 815 8 the the DT 39831 815 9 influence influence NN 39831 815 10 of of IN 39831 815 11 dust dust NN 39831 815 12 , , , 39831 815 13 the the DT 39831 815 14 experiment experiment NN 39831 815 15 was be VBD 39831 815 16 made make VBN 39831 815 17 of of IN 39831 815 18 deliberately deliberately RB 39831 815 19 dusting dust VBG 39831 815 20 the the DT 39831 815 21 surface surface NN 39831 815 22 of of IN 39831 815 23 the the DT 39831 815 24 sphere sphere NN 39831 815 25 . . . 39831 816 1 For for IN 39831 816 2 this this DT 39831 816 3 purpose purpose NN 39831 816 4 a a DT 39831 816 5 highly highly RB 39831 816 6 polished polish VBN 39831 816 7 nickelled nickelled JJ 39831 816 8 sphere sphere NN 39831 816 9 was be VBD 39831 816 10 held hold VBN 39831 816 11 in in IN 39831 816 12 a a DT 39831 816 13 pair pair NN 39831 816 14 of of IN 39831 816 15 crucible crucible JJ 39831 816 16 tongs tong NNS 39831 816 17 by by IN 39831 816 18 an an DT 39831 816 19 electrified electrify VBN 39831 816 20 person person NN 39831 816 21 standing stand VBG 39831 816 22 on on IN 39831 816 23 an an DT 39831 816 24 insulating insulate VBG 39831 816 25 stool stool NN 39831 816 26 , , , 39831 816 27 and and CC 39831 816 28 by by IN 39831 816 29 him -PRON- PRP 39831 816 30 presented present VBD 39831 816 31 to to IN 39831 816 32 any any DT 39831 816 33 dusty dusty JJ 39831 816 34 object object NN 39831 816 35 that that WDT 39831 816 36 stood stand VBD 39831 816 37 or or CC 39831 816 38 could could MD 39831 816 39 be be VB 39831 816 40 brought bring VBN 39831 816 41 within within IN 39831 816 42 reach reach NN 39831 816 43 . . . 39831 817 1 Particles particle NNS 39831 817 2 of of IN 39831 817 3 dust dust NN 39831 817 4 soon soon RB 39831 817 5 settled settle VBD 39831 817 6 on on IN 39831 817 7 the the DT 39831 817 8 electrified electrify VBN 39831 817 9 sphere sphere NN 39831 817 10 , , , 39831 817 11 which which WDT 39831 817 12 was be VBD 39831 817 13 then then RB 39831 817 14 carefully carefully RB 39831 817 15 placed place VBN 39831 817 16 on on IN 39831 817 17 the the DT 39831 817 18 dropping dropping NN 39831 817 19 ring ring NN 39831 817 20 with with IN 39831 817 21 the the DT 39831 817 22 dusty dusty JJ 39831 817 23 side side NN 39831 817 24 lowest low JJS 39831 817 25 . . . 39831 818 1 The the DT 39831 818 2 liquid liquid NN 39831 818 3 used use VBN 39831 818 4 was be VBD 39831 818 5 paraffin paraffin VB 39831 818 6 oil oil NN 39831 818 7 , , , 39831 818 8 and and CC 39831 818 9 the the DT 39831 818 10 height height NN 39831 818 11 of of IN 39831 818 12 fall fall NN 39831 818 13 was be VBD 39831 818 14 31·7 31·7 NNP 39831 818 15 cm cm NNP 39831 818 16 . . NNP 39831 818 17 , , , 39831 818 18 at at IN 39831 818 19 which which WDT 39831 818 20 this this DT 39831 818 21 sphere sphere NN 39831 818 22 when when WRB 39831 818 23 not not RB 39831 818 24 dusted dust VBN 39831 818 25 gave give VBD 39831 818 26 always always RB 39831 818 27 a a DT 39831 818 28 quite quite RB 39831 818 29 airless airless NN 39831 818 30 splash splash NN 39831 818 31 . . . 39831 819 1 When when WRB 39831 819 2 dusted dust VBN 39831 819 3 an an DT 39831 819 4 enormous enormous JJ 39831 819 5 bubble bubble NN 39831 819 6 of of IN 39831 819 7 air air NN 39831 819 8 was be VBD 39831 819 9 carried carry VBN 39831 819 10 down down RP 39831 819 11 on on IN 39831 819 12 each each DT 39831 819 13 occasion occasion NN 39831 819 14 . . . 39831 820 1 Although although IN 39831 820 2 the the DT 39831 820 3 sphere sphere NN 39831 820 4 when when WRB 39831 820 5 laid lay VBN 39831 820 6 on on IN 39831 820 7 the the DT 39831 820 8 dropping dropping NN 39831 820 9 ring ring NN 39831 820 10 must must MD 39831 820 11 have have VB 39831 820 12 completely completely RB 39831 820 13 lost lose VBN 39831 820 14 the the DT 39831 820 15 electrical electrical JJ 39831 820 16 charge charge NN 39831 820 17 , , , 39831 820 18 yet yet CC 39831 820 19 it -PRON- PRP 39831 820 20 seemed seem VBD 39831 820 21 worth worth JJ 39831 820 22 while while IN 39831 820 23 to to TO 39831 820 24 go go VB 39831 820 25 through through IN 39831 820 26 the the DT 39831 820 27 same same JJ 39831 820 28 electrifying electrifying NN 39831 820 29 process process NN 39831 820 30 without without IN 39831 820 31 dusting dust VBG 39831 820 32 . . . 39831 821 1 The the DT 39831 821 2 result result NN 39831 821 3 showed show VBD 39831 821 4 that that IN 39831 821 5 no no DT 39831 821 6 change change NN 39831 821 7 was be VBD 39831 821 8 produced produce VBN 39831 821 9 . . . 39831 822 1 In in IN 39831 822 2 order order NN 39831 822 3 to to TO 39831 822 4 see see VB 39831 822 5 how how WRB 39831 822 6 far far RB 39831 822 7 the the DT 39831 822 8 influence influence NN 39831 822 9 of of IN 39831 822 10 dust dust NN 39831 822 11 would would MD 39831 822 12 go go VB 39831 822 13 , , , 39831 822 14 the the DT 39831 822 15 height height NN 39831 822 16 of of IN 39831 822 17 fall fall NN 39831 822 18 was be VBD 39831 822 19 now now RB 39831 822 20 reduced reduce VBN 39831 822 21 , , , 39831 822 22 and and CC 39831 822 23 it -PRON- PRP 39831 822 24 was be VBD 39831 822 25 found find VBN 39831 822 26 that that IN 39831 822 27 with with IN 39831 822 28 sphere sphere NN 39831 822 29 ( ( -LRB- 39831 822 30 1 1 LS 39831 822 31 ) ) -RRB- 39831 822 32 a a DT 39831 822 33 fall fall NN 39831 822 34 of of IN 39831 822 35 17·1 17â·1 CD 39831 822 36 cm cm NNS 39831 822 37 . . . 39831 823 1 gave give VBD 39831 823 2 a a DT 39831 823 3 perfectly perfectly RB 39831 823 4 rough rough JJ 39831 823 5 splash splash NN 39831 823 6 when when WRB 39831 823 7 the the DT 39831 823 8 surface surface NN 39831 823 9 was be VBD 39831 823 10 visibly visibly RB 39831 823 11 dimmed dim VBN 39831 823 12 with with IN 39831 823 13 fine fine JJ 39831 823 14 dust dust NN 39831 823 15 , , , 39831 823 16 and and CC 39831 823 17 with with IN 39831 823 18 a a DT 39831 823 19 second second JJ 39831 823 20 similar similar JJ 39831 823 21 sphere sphere NN 39831 823 22 a a DT 39831 823 23 fall fall NN 39831 823 24 of of IN 39831 823 25 16·7 16·7 NNP 39831 823 26 cm cm NNS 39831 823 27 . . . 39831 824 1 availed avail VBN 39831 824 2 . . . 39831 825 1 If if IN 39831 825 2 the the DT 39831 825 3 surface surface NN 39831 825 4 was be VBD 39831 825 5 only only RB 39831 825 6 slightly slightly RB 39831 825 7 dusty dusty JJ 39831 825 8 , , , 39831 825 9 then then RB 39831 825 10 at at IN 39831 825 11 these these DT 39831 825 12 low low JJ 39831 825 13 heights height NNS 39831 825 14 the the DT 39831 825 15 splash splash NN 39831 825 16 remained remain VBD 39831 825 17 " " `` 39831 825 18 smooth smooth JJ 39831 825 19 . . . 39831 825 20 " " '' 39831 826 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 826 2 then then RB 39831 826 3 occurred occur VBD 39831 826 4 to to IN 39831 826 5 us -PRON- PRP 39831 826 6 to to TO 39831 826 7 try try VB 39831 826 8 the the DT 39831 826 9 effect effect NN 39831 826 10 of of IN 39831 826 11 partial partial JJ 39831 826 12 or or CC 39831 826 13 local local JJ 39831 826 14 dusting dusting NN 39831 826 15 , , , 39831 826 16 for for IN 39831 826 17 we -PRON- PRP 39831 826 18 had have VBD 39831 826 19 already already RB 39831 826 20 found find VBN 39831 826 21 by by IN 39831 826 22 experimenting experiment VBG 39831 826 23 with with IN 39831 826 24 a a DT 39831 826 25 marked marked JJ 39831 826 26 sphere sphere NN 39831 826 27 that that IN 39831 826 28 the the DT 39831 826 29 method method NN 39831 826 30 of of IN 39831 826 31 dropping dropping NN 39831 826 32 did do VBD 39831 826 33 not not RB 39831 826 34 impart impart VB 39831 826 35 any any DT 39831 826 36 appreciable appreciable JJ 39831 826 37 rotation rotation NN 39831 826 38 to to IN 39831 826 39 the the DT 39831 826 40 sphere sphere NN 39831 826 41 , , , 39831 826 42 which which WDT 39831 826 43 reached reach VBD 39831 826 44 the the DT 39831 826 45 liquid liquid NN 39831 826 46 in in IN 39831 826 47 the the DT 39831 826 48 attitude attitude NN 39831 826 49 with with IN 39831 826 50 which which WDT 39831 826 51 it -PRON- PRP 39831 826 52 started start VBD 39831 826 53 from from IN 39831 826 54 the the DT 39831 826 55 dropping drop VBG 39831 826 56 ring ring NN 39831 826 57 . . . 39831 827 1 Accordingly accordingly RB 39831 827 2 , , , 39831 827 3 after after IN 39831 827 4 dusting dust VBG 39831 827 5 the the DT 39831 827 6 sphere sphere NN 39831 827 7 in in IN 39831 827 8 the the DT 39831 827 9 manner manner NN 39831 827 10 already already RB 39831 827 11 described describe VBN 39831 827 12 , , , 39831 827 13 the the DT 39831 827 14 dust dust NN 39831 827 15 was be VBD 39831 827 16 carefully carefully RB 39831 827 17 rubbed rub VBN 39831 827 18 away away RB 39831 827 19 from from IN 39831 827 20 all all DT 39831 827 21 but but CC 39831 827 22 certain certain JJ 39831 827 23 parts part NNS 39831 827 24 whose whose WP$ 39831 827 25 position position NN 39831 827 26 was be VBD 39831 827 27 recorded record VBN 39831 827 28 . . . 39831 828 1 The the DT 39831 828 2 experiments experiment NNS 39831 828 3 were be VBD 39831 828 4 very very RB 39831 828 5 successful successful JJ 39831 828 6 , , , 39831 828 7 and and CC 39831 828 8 the the DT 39831 828 9 results result NNS 39831 828 10 are be VBP 39831 828 11 shown show VBN 39831 828 12 on on IN 39831 828 13 page page NN 39831 828 14 113 113 CD 39831 828 15 . . . 39831 829 1 The the DT 39831 829 2 liquid liquid NN 39831 829 3 used use VBN 39831 829 4 was be VBD 39831 829 5 water water NN 39831 829 6 , , , 39831 829 7 and and CC 39831 829 8 the the DT 39831 829 9 sphere sphere NN 39831 829 10 was be VBD 39831 829 11 of of IN 39831 829 12 polished polished JJ 39831 829 13 serpentine serpentine NN 39831 829 14 , , , 39831 829 15 2·57 2â·57 CD 39831 829 16 centim centim NN 39831 829 17 . . . 39831 830 1 in in IN 39831 830 2 diameter diameter NN 39831 830 3 , , , 39831 830 4 falling fall VBG 39831 830 5 14 14 CD 39831 830 6 centim centim NN 39831 830 7 . . . 39831 831 1 In in IN 39831 831 2 Fig Fig NNP 39831 831 3 . . . 39831 832 1 1 1 CD 39831 832 2 of of IN 39831 832 3 Series Series NNP 39831 832 4 XVI XVI NNP 39831 832 5 the the DT 39831 832 6 sphere sphere NN 39831 832 7 was be VBD 39831 832 8 dusted dust VBN 39831 832 9 on on IN 39831 832 10 the the DT 39831 832 11 _ _ NNP 39831 832 12 right right JJ 39831 832 13 - - HYPH 39831 832 14 hand hand NN 39831 832 15 side side NN 39831 832 16 _ _ NNP 39831 832 17 , , , 39831 832 18 and and CC 39831 832 19 a a DT 39831 832 20 " " `` 39831 832 21 sound sound NN 39831 832 22 of of IN 39831 832 23 splash splash NN 39831 832 24 " " '' 39831 832 25 was be VBD 39831 832 26 recorded record VBN 39831 832 27 . . . 39831 833 1 On on IN 39831 833 2 the the DT 39831 833 3 left left JJ 39831 833 4 side side NN 39831 833 5 we -PRON- PRP 39831 833 6 see see VBP 39831 833 7 that that IN 39831 833 8 there there EX 39831 833 9 is be VBZ 39831 833 10 no no DT 39831 833 11 disturbance disturbance NN 39831 833 12 of of IN 39831 833 13 the the DT 39831 833 14 " " `` 39831 833 15 smooth smooth JJ 39831 833 16 splash splash NN 39831 833 17 " " '' 39831 833 18 ; ; , 39831 833 19 on on IN 39831 833 20 the the DT 39831 833 21 right right NN 39831 833 22 is be VBZ 39831 833 23 a a DT 39831 833 24 " " `` 39831 833 25 pocket pocket NN 39831 833 26 " " '' 39831 833 27 of of IN 39831 833 28 air air NN 39831 833 29 such such JJ 39831 833 30 as as IN 39831 833 31 was be VBD 39831 833 32 obtained obtain VBN 39831 833 33 by by IN 39831 833 34 accident accident NN 39831 833 35 in in IN 39831 833 36 Series Series NNP 39831 833 37 IX IX NNP 39831 833 38 , , , 39831 833 39 Fig Fig NNP 39831 833 40 . . . 39831 834 1 6 6 LS 39831 834 2 ( ( -LRB- 39831 834 3 see see VB 39831 834 4 p. p. NN 39831 834 5 91 91 CD 39831 834 6 ) ) -RRB- 39831 834 7 . . . 39831 835 1 The the DT 39831 835 2 point point NN 39831 835 3 of of IN 39831 835 4 departure departure NN 39831 835 5 at at IN 39831 835 6 which which WDT 39831 835 7 the the DT 39831 835 8 liquid liquid NN 39831 835 9 left leave VBD 39831 835 10 the the DT 39831 835 11 sphere sphere NN 39831 835 12 is be VBZ 39831 835 13 well well RB 39831 835 14 marked marked JJ 39831 835 15 , , , 39831 835 16 and and CC 39831 835 17 a a DT 39831 835 18 tangent tangent NN 39831 835 19 from from IN 39831 835 20 this this DT 39831 835 21 point point NN 39831 835 22 passes pass VBZ 39831 835 23 through through IN 39831 835 24 the the DT 39831 835 25 outermost outermost JJ 39831 835 26 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 39831 835 27 droplets droplet NNS 39831 835 28 that that WDT 39831 835 29 must must MD 39831 835 30 have have VB 39831 835 31 been be VBN 39831 835 32 projected project VBN 39831 835 33 from from IN 39831 835 34 it -PRON- PRP 39831 835 35 . . . 39831 836 1 In in IN 39831 836 2 Fig Fig NNP 39831 836 3 . . . 39831 837 1 2 2 LS 39831 837 2 the the DT 39831 837 3 sphere sphere NN 39831 837 4 was be VBD 39831 837 5 dusted dust VBN 39831 837 6 _ _ NNP 39831 837 7 at at IN 39831 837 8 the the DT 39831 837 9 top top NN 39831 837 10 and and CC 39831 837 11 on on IN 39831 837 12 the the DT 39831 837 13 right right JJ 39831 837 14 - - HYPH 39831 837 15 hand hand NN 39831 837 16 side side NN 39831 837 17 , , , 39831 837 18 but but CC 39831 837 19 not not RB 39831 837 20 much much RB 39831 837 21 more more JJR 39831 837 22 than than IN 39831 837 23 half half JJ 39831 837 24 - - HYPH 39831 837 25 way way NN 39831 837 26 down down RB 39831 837 27 _ _ NNP 39831 837 28 , , , 39831 837 29 and and CC 39831 837 30 the the DT 39831 837 31 configuration configuration NN 39831 837 32 corresponds correspond VBZ 39831 837 33 entirely entirely RB 39831 837 34 to to IN 39831 837 35 the the DT 39831 837 36 facts fact NNS 39831 837 37 . . . 39831 838 1 Here here RB 39831 838 2 again again RB 39831 838 3 a a DT 39831 838 4 tangent tangent NN 39831 838 5 from from IN 39831 838 6 the the DT 39831 838 7 well well RB 39831 838 8 - - HYPH 39831 838 9 marked mark VBN 39831 838 10 drops drop NNS 39831 838 11 on on IN 39831 838 12 the the DT 39831 838 13 right right JJ 39831 838 14 - - HYPH 39831 838 15 hand hand NN 39831 838 16 side side NN 39831 838 17 leads lead VBZ 39831 838 18 very very RB 39831 838 19 nearly nearly RB 39831 838 20 to to IN 39831 838 21 the the DT 39831 838 22 place place NN 39831 838 23 of of IN 39831 838 24 departure departure NN 39831 838 25 from from IN 39831 838 26 the the DT 39831 838 27 surface surface NN 39831 838 28 of of IN 39831 838 29 the the DT 39831 838 30 sphere sphere NN 39831 838 31 . . . 39831 839 1 In in IN 39831 839 2 Fig Fig NNP 39831 839 3 . . . 39831 840 1 3 3 LS 39831 840 2 the the DT 39831 840 3 sphere sphere NN 39831 840 4 was be VBD 39831 840 5 dusted dust VBN 39831 840 6 near near IN 39831 840 7 the the DT 39831 840 8 bottom bottom NN 39831 840 9 only only RB 39831 840 10 . . . 39831 841 1 The the DT 39831 841 2 appearance appearance NN 39831 841 3 on on IN 39831 841 4 the the DT 39831 841 5 left left JJ 39831 841 6 - - HYPH 39831 841 7 hand hand NN 39831 841 8 side side NN 39831 841 9 seems seem VBZ 39831 841 10 to to TO 39831 841 11 show show VB 39831 841 12 that that IN 39831 841 13 the the DT 39831 841 14 liquid liquid NN 39831 841 15 has have VBZ 39831 841 16 , , , 39831 841 17 after after IN 39831 841 18 leaving leave VBG 39831 841 19 the the DT 39831 841 20 sphere sphere NN 39831 841 21 , , , 39831 841 22 again again RB 39831 841 23 been be VBN 39831 841 24 brought bring VBN 39831 841 25 within within IN 39831 841 26 reach reach NN 39831 841 27 . . . 39831 842 1 This this DT 39831 842 2 recovery recovery NN 39831 842 3 at at IN 39831 842 4 an an DT 39831 842 5 early early JJ 39831 842 6 stage stage NN 39831 842 7 is be VBZ 39831 842 8 explained explain VBN 39831 842 9 by by IN 39831 842 10 reference reference NN 39831 842 11 to to IN 39831 842 12 photographs photograph NNS 39831 842 13 of of IN 39831 842 14 Series Series NNP 39831 842 15 VI VI NNP 39831 842 16 ( ( -LRB- 39831 842 17 p. p. NN 39831 842 18 81 81 CD 39831 842 19 ) ) -RRB- 39831 842 20 of of IN 39831 842 21 the the DT 39831 842 22 splash splash NN 39831 842 23 of of IN 39831 842 24 a a DT 39831 842 25 rough rough JJ 39831 842 26 sphere sphere NN 39831 842 27 , , , 39831 842 28 which which WDT 39831 842 29 show show VBP 39831 842 30 that that IN 39831 842 31 even even RB 39831 842 32 the the DT 39831 842 33 rough rough JJ 39831 842 34 sphere sphere NN 39831 842 35 is be VBZ 39831 842 36 soon soon RB 39831 842 37 wetted wet VBN 39831 842 38 for for IN 39831 842 39 some some DT 39831 842 40 distance distance NN 39831 842 41 up up IN 39831 842 42 the the DT 39831 842 43 sides side NNS 39831 842 44 , , , 39831 842 45 by by IN 39831 842 46 the the DT 39831 842 47 gradual gradual JJ 39831 842 48 passage passage NN 39831 842 49 of of IN 39831 842 50 the the DT 39831 842 51 sphere sphere NN 39831 842 52 into into IN 39831 842 53 the the DT 39831 842 54 divergently divergently RB 39831 842 55 flowing flow VBG 39831 842 56 cone cone NN 39831 842 57 of of IN 39831 842 58 liquid liquid NN 39831 842 59 which which WDT 39831 842 60 surrounds surround VBZ 39831 842 61 the the DT 39831 842 62 lower low JJR 39831 842 63 part part NN 39831 842 64 . . . 39831 843 1 When when WRB 39831 843 2 the the DT 39831 843 3 liquid liquid NN 39831 843 4 again again RB 39831 843 5 touches touch VBZ 39831 843 6 a a DT 39831 843 7 polished polished JJ 39831 843 8 part part NN 39831 843 9 the the DT 39831 843 10 film film NN 39831 843 11 will will MD 39831 843 12 be be VB 39831 843 13 again again RB 39831 843 14 guided guide VBN 39831 843 15 up up RP 39831 843 16 it -PRON- PRP 39831 843 17 in in IN 39831 843 18 the the DT 39831 843 19 manner manner NN 39831 843 20 already already RB 39831 843 21 explained explain VBD 39831 843 22 . . . 39831 844 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 844 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 844 3 : : : 39831 844 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 844 5 XVI XVI NNP 39831 844 6 Spheres Spheres NNP 39831 844 7 dusted dust VBD 39831 844 8 at at IN 39831 844 9 one one CD 39831 844 10 side side NN 39831 844 11 . . . 39831 845 1 1 1 CD 39831 845 2 2 2 CD 39831 845 3 3 3 CD 39831 845 4 ] ] -RRB- 39831 845 5 We -PRON- PRP 39831 845 6 observe observe VBP 39831 845 7 that that IN 39831 845 8 in in IN 39831 845 9 Figs Figs NNP 39831 845 10 . . . 39831 846 1 1 1 CD 39831 846 2 and and CC 39831 846 3 2 2 CD 39831 846 4 ( ( -LRB- 39831 846 5 as as RB 39831 846 6 also also RB 39831 846 7 in in IN 39831 846 8 Fig Fig NNP 39831 846 9 . . . 39831 847 1 6 6 CD 39831 847 2 of of IN 39831 847 3 page page NN 39831 847 4 91 91 CD 39831 847 5 ) ) -RRB- 39831 847 6 the the DT 39831 847 7 continuous continuous JJ 39831 847 8 film film NN 39831 847 9 or or CC 39831 847 10 shell shell NN 39831 847 11 of of IN 39831 847 12 liquid liquid NN 39831 847 13 no no RB 39831 847 14 longer long RBR 39831 847 15 reaches reach VBZ 39831 847 16 the the DT 39831 847 17 outermost outermost JJ 39831 847 18 droplets droplet NNS 39831 847 19 that that WDT 39831 847 20 once once RB 39831 847 21 have have VBP 39831 847 22 been be VBN 39831 847 23 at at IN 39831 847 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 847 25 edge edge NN 39831 847 26 . . . 39831 848 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 848 2 must must MD 39831 848 3 evidently evidently RB 39831 848 4 have have VB 39831 848 5 been be VBN 39831 848 6 pulled pull VBN 39831 848 7 in in RP 39831 848 8 by by IN 39831 848 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 848 10 own own JJ 39831 848 11 surface surface NN 39831 848 12 - - HYPH 39831 848 13 tension tension NN 39831 848 14 , , , 39831 848 15 which which WDT 39831 848 16 of of IN 39831 848 17 course course NN 39831 848 18 will will MD 39831 848 19 cease cease VB 39831 848 20 to to TO 39831 848 21 exercise exercise VB 39831 848 22 any any DT 39831 848 23 inward inward JJ 39831 848 24 pull pull VB 39831 848 25 on on RP 39831 848 26 a a DT 39831 848 27 drop drop NN 39831 848 28 that that WDT 39831 848 29 has have VBZ 39831 848 30 once once RB 39831 848 31 separated separate VBN 39831 848 32 . . . 39831 849 1 The the DT 39831 849 2 influence influence NN 39831 849 3 of of IN 39831 849 4 dust dust NN 39831 849 5 , , , 39831 849 6 thus thus RB 39831 849 7 incontestably incontestably RB 39831 849 8 proved prove VBN 39831 849 9 , , , 39831 849 10 seems seem VBZ 39831 849 11 also also RB 39831 849 12 to to TO 39831 849 13 afford afford VB 39831 849 14 a a DT 39831 849 15 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39831 849 16 explanation explanation NN 39831 849 17 of-- of-- NN 39831 849 18 ( ( -LRB- 39831 849 19 1 1 LS 39831 849 20 ) ) -RRB- 39831 849 21 The the DT 39831 849 22 effect effect NN 39831 849 23 of of IN 39831 849 24 a a DT 39831 849 25 flame flame NN 39831 849 26 . . . 39831 850 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 850 2 2 2 LS 39831 850 3 ) ) -RRB- 39831 850 4 The the DT 39831 850 5 effect effect NN 39831 850 6 of of IN 39831 850 7 heating heating NN 39831 850 8 . . . 39831 851 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 851 2 3 3 LS 39831 851 3 ) ) -RRB- 39831 851 4 The the DT 39831 851 5 variable variable JJ 39831 851 6 and and CC 39831 851 7 uncertain uncertain JJ 39831 851 8 effects effect NNS 39831 851 9 of of IN 39831 851 10 electrification electrification NN 39831 851 11 . . . 39831 852 1 For for IN 39831 852 2 , , , 39831 852 3 ( ( -LRB- 39831 852 4 1 1 LS 39831 852 5 ) ) -RRB- 39831 852 6 , , , 39831 852 7 we -PRON- PRP 39831 852 8 may may MD 39831 852 9 suppose suppose VB 39831 852 10 that that IN 39831 852 11 the the DT 39831 852 12 flame flame NN 39831 852 13 burns burn VBZ 39831 852 14 off off RP 39831 852 15 minute minute NN 39831 852 16 particles particle NNS 39831 852 17 of of IN 39831 852 18 dust dust NN 39831 852 19 ; ; : 39831 852 20 ( ( -LRB- 39831 852 21 2 2 LS 39831 852 22 ) ) -RRB- 39831 852 23 , , , 39831 852 24 we -PRON- PRP 39831 852 25 know know VBP 39831 852 26 from from IN 39831 852 27 Aitken Aitken NNP 39831 852 28 's 's POS 39831 852 29 experiments[I experiments[i NN 39831 852 30 ] ] -RRB- 39831 852 31 that that DT 39831 852 32 dust dust NN 39831 852 33 from from IN 39831 852 34 the the DT 39831 852 35 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39831 852 36 will will MD 39831 852 37 not not RB 39831 852 38 settle settle VB 39831 852 39 on on IN 39831 852 40 a a DT 39831 852 41 surface surface NN 39831 852 42 hotter hotter NN 39831 852 43 than than IN 39831 852 44 the the DT 39831 852 45 air air NN 39831 852 46 ; ; , 39831 852 47 ( ( -LRB- 39831 852 48 3 3 LS 39831 852 49 ) ) -RRB- 39831 852 50 an an DT 39831 852 51 electrified electrified JJ 39831 852 52 sphere sphere NN 39831 852 53 descending descend VBG 39831 852 54 through through IN 39831 852 55 the the DT 39831 852 56 air air NN 39831 852 57 would would MD 39831 852 58 attract attract VB 39831 852 59 dust dust NN 39831 852 60 to to IN 39831 852 61 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 852 62 surface surface NN 39831 852 63 unless unless IN 39831 852 64 it -PRON- PRP 39831 852 65 happened happen VBD 39831 852 66 , , , 39831 852 67 as as RB 39831 852 68 well well RB 39831 852 69 might may MD 39831 852 70 happen happen VB 39831 852 71 , , , 39831 852 72 that that IN 39831 852 73 the the DT 39831 852 74 air air NN 39831 852 75 round round NN 39831 852 76 about about IN 39831 852 77 it -PRON- PRP 39831 852 78 , , , 39831 852 79 with with IN 39831 852 80 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 852 81 contained contain VBN 39831 852 82 dust dust NN 39831 852 83 , , , 39831 852 84 had have VBD 39831 852 85 become become VBN 39831 852 86 itself -PRON- PRP 39831 852 87 similarly similarly RB 39831 852 88 charged charge VBN 39831 852 89 through through IN 39831 852 90 the the DT 39831 852 91 working working NN 39831 852 92 of of IN 39831 852 93 the the DT 39831 852 94 electrical electrical JJ 39831 852 95 machine machine NN 39831 852 96 . . . 39831 853 1 In in IN 39831 853 2 further further JJ 39831 853 3 confirmation confirmation NN 39831 853 4 of of IN 39831 853 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 39831 853 6 view view NN 39831 853 7 that that IN 39831 853 8 the the DT 39831 853 9 leading lead VBG 39831 853 10 clue clue NN 39831 853 11 to to IN 39831 853 12 the the DT 39831 853 13 explanation explanation NN 39831 853 14 of of IN 39831 853 15 the the DT 39831 853 16 motion motion NN 39831 853 17 is be VBZ 39831 853 18 the the DT 39831 853 19 struggle struggle NN 39831 853 20 between between IN 39831 853 21 the the DT 39831 853 22 adhesion adhesion NN 39831 853 23 of of IN 39831 853 24 the the DT 39831 853 25 rigid rigid JJ 39831 853 26 sphere sphere NN 39831 853 27 and and CC 39831 853 28 the the DT 39831 853 29 tangential tangential JJ 39831 853 30 momentum momentum NN 39831 853 31 of of IN 39831 853 32 the the DT 39831 853 33 liquid liquid NN 39831 853 34 , , , 39831 853 35 we -PRON- PRP 39831 853 36 may may MD 39831 853 37 cite cite VB 39831 853 38 the the DT 39831 853 39 following follow VBG 39831 853 40 points:-- points:-- NNP 39831 853 41 A a DT 39831 853 42 _ _ NNP 39831 853 43 liquid liquid NN 39831 853 44 _ _ NNP 39831 853 45 sphere sphere NN 39831 853 46 makes make VBZ 39831 853 47 a a DT 39831 853 48 " " `` 39831 853 49 rough rough JJ 39831 853 50 " " '' 39831 853 51 splash splash NN 39831 853 52 , , , 39831 853 53 and and CC 39831 853 54 the the DT 39831 853 55 photographs photograph NNS 39831 853 56 obtained obtain VBD 39831 853 57 show show VBP 39831 853 58 that that IN 39831 853 59 the the DT 39831 853 60 lower low JJR 39831 853 61 part part NN 39831 853 62 of of IN 39831 853 63 the the DT 39831 853 64 in in RB 39831 853 65 - - HYPH 39831 853 66 falling fall VBG 39831 853 67 drop drop NN 39831 853 68 is be VBZ 39831 853 69 swept sweep VBN 39831 853 70 away away RB 39831 853 71 by by IN 39831 853 72 the the DT 39831 853 73 tangential tangential JJ 39831 853 74 flow flow NN 39831 853 75 , , , 39831 853 76 while while IN 39831 853 77 the the DT 39831 853 78 upper upper JJ 39831 853 79 part part NN 39831 853 80 is be VBZ 39831 853 81 still still RB 39831 853 82 undistorted undistorted JJ 39831 853 83 . . . 39831 854 1 Here here RB 39831 854 2 we -PRON- PRP 39831 854 3 have have VBP 39831 854 4 cohesion cohesion NN 39831 854 5 but but CC 39831 854 6 no no DT 39831 854 7 rigidity rigidity NN 39831 854 8 . . . 39831 855 1 Also also RB 39831 855 2 we -PRON- PRP 39831 855 3 find find VBP 39831 855 4 that that IN 39831 855 5 the the DT 39831 855 6 " " `` 39831 855 7 rough rough JJ 39831 855 8 " " '' 39831 855 9 splash splash NN 39831 855 10 is be VBZ 39831 855 11 obtained obtain VBN 39831 855 12 by by IN 39831 855 13 any any DT 39831 855 14 process process NN 39831 855 15 which which WDT 39831 855 16 gives give VBZ 39831 855 17 a a DT 39831 855 18 non non JJ 39831 855 19 - - JJ 39831 855 20 rigid rigid JJ 39831 855 21 surface surface NN 39831 855 22 to to IN 39831 855 23 the the DT 39831 855 24 sphere sphere NN 39831 855 25 . . . 39831 856 1 Thus thus RB 39831 856 2 the the DT 39831 856 3 splash splash NN 39831 856 4 made make VBN 39831 856 5 by by IN 39831 856 6 a a DT 39831 856 7 marble marble NN 39831 856 8 freshly freshly RB 39831 856 9 roughened roughen VBN 39831 856 10 by by IN 39831 856 11 sand sand NN 39831 856 12 - - HYPH 39831 856 13 papering paper VBG 39831 856 14 , , , 39831 856 15 or or CC 39831 856 16 by by IN 39831 856 17 grinding grind VBG 39831 856 18 between between IN 39831 856 19 two two CD 39831 856 20 files file NNS 39831 856 21 and and CC 39831 856 22 let let VB 39831 856 23 fall fall VB 39831 856 24 from from IN 39831 856 25 the the DT 39831 856 26 very very RB 39831 856 27 small small JJ 39831 856 28 height height NN 39831 856 29 of of IN 39831 856 30 7·5 7·5 NNP 39831 856 31 cm cm NNPS 39831 856 32 . . NNP 39831 856 33 , , , 39831 856 34 can can MD 39831 856 35 be be VB 39831 856 36 practically practically RB 39831 856 37 controlled control VBN 39831 856 38 by by IN 39831 856 39 attending attend VBG 39831 856 40 to to IN 39831 856 41 the the DT 39831 856 42 condition condition NN 39831 856 43 of of IN 39831 856 44 the the DT 39831 856 45 surface surface NN 39831 856 46 . . . 39831 857 1 If if IN 39831 857 2 the the DT 39831 857 3 surface surface NN 39831 857 4 is be VBZ 39831 857 5 quite quite RB 39831 857 6 dry dry JJ 39831 857 7 and and CC 39831 857 8 still still RB 39831 857 9 covered cover VBN 39831 857 10 with with IN 39831 857 11 the the DT 39831 857 12 fine fine JJ 39831 857 13 powder powder NN 39831 857 14 resulting result VBG 39831 857 15 from from IN 39831 857 16 the the DT 39831 857 17 process process NN 39831 857 18 of of IN 39831 857 19 roughening roughen VBG 39831 857 20 , , , 39831 857 21 the the DT 39831 857 22 splash splash NN 39831 857 23 is be VBZ 39831 857 24 " " `` 39831 857 25 rough rough JJ 39831 857 26 , , , 39831 857 27 " " '' 39831 857 28 and and CC 39831 857 29 a a DT 39831 857 30 great great JJ 39831 857 31 bubble bubble NN 39831 857 32 of of IN 39831 857 33 air air NN 39831 857 34 is be VBZ 39831 857 35 taken take VBN 39831 857 36 down down RP 39831 857 37 . . . 39831 858 1 But but CC 39831 858 2 if if IN 39831 858 3 this this DT 39831 858 4 coat coat NN 39831 858 5 of of IN 39831 858 6 powder powder NN 39831 858 7 , , , 39831 858 8 which which WDT 39831 858 9 has have VBZ 39831 858 10 neither neither CC 39831 858 11 cohesion cohesion NN 39831 858 12 nor nor CC 39831 858 13 shearing shearing NN 39831 858 14 strength strength NN 39831 858 15 , , , 39831 858 16 be be VB 39831 858 17 removed remove VBN 39831 858 18 by by IN 39831 858 19 rubbing rub VBG 39831 858 20 , , , 39831 858 21 the the DT 39831 858 22 splash splash NN 39831 858 23 ( ( -LRB- 39831 858 24 under under IN 39831 858 25 this this DT 39831 858 26 low low JJ 39831 858 27 velocity velocity NN 39831 858 28 ) ) -RRB- 39831 858 29 is be VBZ 39831 858 30 " " `` 39831 858 31 smooth smooth JJ 39831 858 32 . . . 39831 858 33 " " '' 39831 859 1 Again again RB 39831 859 2 , , , 39831 859 3 a a DT 39831 859 4 marble marble NN 39831 859 5 freshly freshly RB 39831 859 6 sand sand NN 39831 859 7 - - HYPH 39831 859 8 papered paper VBN 39831 859 9 and and CC 39831 859 10 covered cover VBN 39831 859 11 with with IN 39831 859 12 the the DT 39831 859 13 resulting result VBG 39831 859 14 powder powder NN 39831 859 15 , , , 39831 859 16 if if IN 39831 859 17 let let VBN 39831 859 18 fall fall VB 39831 859 19 from from IN 39831 859 20 12 12 CD 39831 859 21 or or CC 39831 859 22 15 15 CD 39831 859 23 cm cm NNS 39831 859 24 . . NNP 39831 859 25 , , , 39831 859 26 gives give VBZ 39831 859 27 a a DT 39831 859 28 rough rough JJ 39831 859 29 splash splash NN 39831 859 30 . . . 39831 860 1 The the DT 39831 860 2 same same JJ 39831 860 3 marble marble NN 39831 860 4 picked pick VBD 39831 860 5 out out IN 39831 860 6 of of IN 39831 860 7 the the DT 39831 860 8 liquid liquid NN 39831 860 9 and and CC 39831 860 10 very very RB 39831 860 11 quickly quickly RB 39831 860 12 dropped drop VBD 39831 860 13 in in RB 39831 860 14 again again RB 39831 860 15 from from IN 39831 860 16 the the DT 39831 860 17 same same JJ 39831 860 18 height height NN 39831 860 19 , , , 39831 860 20 will will MD 39831 860 21 give give VB 39831 860 22 again again RB 39831 860 23 a a DT 39831 860 24 rough rough JJ 39831 860 25 splash splash NN 39831 860 26 . . . 39831 861 1 Here here RB 39831 861 2 the the DT 39831 861 3 liquid liquid JJ 39831 861 4 film film NN 39831 861 5 is be VBZ 39831 861 6 thick thick JJ 39831 861 7 and and CC 39831 861 8 " " `` 39831 861 9 shearable shearable JJ 39831 861 10 . . . 39831 861 11 " " '' 39831 862 1 But but CC 39831 862 2 if if IN 39831 862 3 the the DT 39831 862 4 same same JJ 39831 862 5 sphere sphere NN 39831 862 6 be be VB 39831 862 7 allowed allow VBN 39831 862 8 to to TO 39831 862 9 drain drain VB 39831 862 10 or or CC 39831 862 11 be be VB 39831 862 12 lightly lightly RB 39831 862 13 wiped wipe VBN 39831 862 14 , , , 39831 862 15 the the DT 39831 862 16 splash splash NN 39831 862 17 will will MD 39831 862 18 be be VB 39831 862 19 smooth smooth JJ 39831 862 20 . . . 39831 863 1 We -PRON- PRP 39831 863 2 may may MD 39831 863 3 conjecture conjecture VB 39831 863 4 that that DT 39831 863 5 in in IN 39831 863 6 this this DT 39831 863 7 case case NN 39831 863 8 enough enough JJ 39831 863 9 fluid fluid NN 39831 863 10 is be VBZ 39831 863 11 left leave VBN 39831 863 12 to to TO 39831 863 13 fill fill VB 39831 863 14 up up RP 39831 863 15 the the DT 39831 863 16 interstices interstice NNS 39831 863 17 , , , 39831 863 18 but but CC 39831 863 19 that that IN 39831 863 20 the the DT 39831 863 21 coat coat NN 39831 863 22 is be VBZ 39831 863 23 not not RB 39831 863 24 thick thick JJ 39831 863 25 enough enough RB 39831 863 26 to to TO 39831 863 27 shear shear VB 39831 863 28 easily easily RB 39831 863 29 . . . 39831 864 1 If if IN 39831 864 2 , , , 39831 864 3 however however RB 39831 864 4 , , , 39831 864 5 the the DT 39831 864 6 sphere sphere NN 39831 864 7 be be VB 39831 864 8 thoroughly thoroughly RB 39831 864 9 dried dry VBN 39831 864 10 , , , 39831 864 11 the the DT 39831 864 12 splash splash NN 39831 864 13 becomes become VBZ 39831 864 14 " " `` 39831 864 15 rough rough JJ 39831 864 16 " " '' 39831 864 17 again again RB 39831 864 18 . . . 39831 865 1 This this DT 39831 865 2 gives give VBZ 39831 865 3 us -PRON- PRP 39831 865 4 the the DT 39831 865 5 explanation explanation NN 39831 865 6 of of IN 39831 865 7 the the DT 39831 865 8 facts fact NNS 39831 865 9 already already RB 39831 865 10 recorded record VBN 39831 865 11 in in IN 39831 865 12 respect respect NN 39831 865 13 of of IN 39831 865 14 the the DT 39831 865 15 splash splash NN 39831 865 16 of of IN 39831 865 17 a a DT 39831 865 18 wet wet JJ 39831 865 19 sphere sphere NN 39831 865 20 . . . 39831 866 1 This this DT 39831 866 2 splash splash NN 39831 866 3 was be VBD 39831 866 4 always always RB 39831 866 5 irregular irregular JJ 39831 866 6 ; ; : 39831 866 7 the the DT 39831 866 8 liquid liquid NN 39831 866 9 drifted drift VBD 39831 866 10 to to IN 39831 866 11 one one CD 39831 866 12 side side NN 39831 866 13 where where WRB 39831 866 14 it -PRON- PRP 39831 866 15 would would MD 39831 866 16 shear shear VB 39831 866 17 , , , 39831 866 18 while while IN 39831 866 19 it -PRON- PRP 39831 866 20 disappeared disappear VBD 39831 866 21 from from IN 39831 866 22 the the DT 39831 866 23 other other JJ 39831 866 24 or or CC 39831 866 25 became become VBD 39831 866 26 there there RB 39831 866 27 too too RB 39831 866 28 thin thin JJ 39831 866 29 to to TO 39831 866 30 shear shear VB 39831 866 31 , , , 39831 866 32 though though IN 39831 866 33 sufficient sufficient JJ 39831 866 34 to to TO 39831 866 35 fill fill VB 39831 866 36 up up RP 39831 866 37 crevices crevice NNS 39831 866 38 . . . 39831 867 1 EXPLANATION explanation NN 39831 867 2 OF of IN 39831 867 3 THE the DT 39831 867 4 RIBS RIBS NNP 39831 867 5 OR or CC 39831 867 6 FLUTINGS fluting NNS 39831 867 7 IN in IN 39831 867 8 THE the DT 39831 867 9 SPLASH splash NN 39831 867 10 OF of IN 39831 867 11 A a DT 39831 867 12 SMOOTH smooth JJ 39831 867 13 SPHERE SPHERE NNS 39831 867 14 . . . 39831 868 1 The the DT 39831 868 2 fact fact NN 39831 868 3 thus thus RB 39831 868 4 established establish VBN 39831 868 5 experimentally experimentally RB 39831 868 6 , , , 39831 868 7 that that IN 39831 868 8 the the DT 39831 868 9 surface surface NN 39831 868 10 of of IN 39831 868 11 a a DT 39831 868 12 smooth smooth JJ 39831 868 13 sphere sphere NN 39831 868 14 must must MD 39831 868 15 be be VB 39831 868 16 rigid rigid JJ 39831 868 17 if if IN 39831 868 18 the the DT 39831 868 19 film film NN 39831 868 20 is be VBZ 39831 868 21 to to TO 39831 868 22 envelop envelop VB 39831 868 23 it -PRON- PRP 39831 868 24 closely closely RB 39831 868 25 , , , 39831 868 26 suggests suggest VBZ 39831 868 27 also also RB 39831 868 28 a a DT 39831 868 29 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 39831 868 30 explanation explanation NN 39831 868 31 of of IN 39831 868 32 the the DT 39831 868 33 flutings fluting NNS 39831 868 34 . . . 39831 869 1 For for IN 39831 869 2 we -PRON- PRP 39831 869 3 know know VBP 39831 869 4 from from IN 39831 869 5 other other JJ 39831 869 6 researches research NNS 39831 869 7 on on IN 39831 869 8 the the DT 39831 869 9 motion motion NN 39831 869 10 of of IN 39831 869 11 liquids,[J liquids,[J NNP 39831 869 12 ] ] -RRB- 39831 869 13 that that IN 39831 869 14 a a DT 39831 869 15 layer layer NN 39831 869 16 of of IN 39831 869 17 liquid liquid NN 39831 869 18 actually actually RB 39831 869 19 in in IN 39831 869 20 contact contact NN 39831 869 21 with with IN 39831 869 22 a a DT 39831 869 23 solid solid JJ 39831 869 24 can can MD 39831 869 25 have have VB 39831 869 26 no no DT 39831 869 27 motion motion NN 39831 869 28 relative relative JJ 39831 869 29 to to IN 39831 869 30 the the DT 39831 869 31 solid solid JJ 39831 869 32 , , , 39831 869 33 but but CC 39831 869 34 must must MD 39831 869 35 move move VB 39831 869 36 with with IN 39831 869 37 it -PRON- PRP 39831 869 38 . . . 39831 870 1 Thus thus RB 39831 870 2 in in IN 39831 870 3 the the DT 39831 870 4 film film NN 39831 870 5 or or CC 39831 870 6 sheath sheath NN 39831 870 7 which which WDT 39831 870 8 rises rise VBZ 39831 870 9 over over RB 39831 870 10 and and CC 39831 870 11 envelops envelop VBZ 39831 870 12 the the DT 39831 870 13 sphere sphere NN 39831 870 14 , , , 39831 870 15 the the DT 39831 870 16 layer layer NN 39831 870 17 of of IN 39831 870 18 liquid liquid NN 39831 870 19 next next RB 39831 870 20 to to IN 39831 870 21 the the DT 39831 870 22 solid solid JJ 39831 870 23 must must MD 39831 870 24 be be VB 39831 870 25 moving move VBG 39831 870 26 downwards downwards RB 39831 870 27 with with IN 39831 870 28 it -PRON- PRP 39831 870 29 , , , 39831 870 30 while while IN 39831 870 31 the the DT 39831 870 32 outermost outermost JJ 39831 870 33 layers layer NNS 39831 870 34 at at IN 39831 870 35 least least JJS 39831 870 36 are be VBP 39831 870 37 moving move VBG 39831 870 38 upwards upwards RB 39831 870 39 ; ; : 39831 870 40 thus thus RB 39831 870 41 there there EX 39831 870 42 must must MD 39831 870 43 be be VB 39831 870 44 a a DT 39831 870 45 strong strong JJ 39831 870 46 viscous viscous JJ 39831 870 47 shear shear NN 39831 870 48 in in IN 39831 870 49 the the DT 39831 870 50 film film NN 39831 870 51 impeding impede VBG 39831 870 52 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 870 53 rise rise NN 39831 870 54 . . . 39831 871 1 If if IN 39831 871 2 by by IN 39831 871 3 any any DT 39831 871 4 fortuitous fortuitous JJ 39831 871 5 oscillation oscillation NN 39831 871 6 a a DT 39831 871 7 radial radial JJ 39831 871 8 rib rib NN 39831 871 9 arises arise VBZ 39831 871 10 , , , 39831 871 11 this this DT 39831 871 12 will will MD 39831 871 13 be be VB 39831 871 14 a a DT 39831 871 15 channel channel NN 39831 871 16 in in IN 39831 871 17 which which WDT 39831 871 18 the the DT 39831 871 19 liquid liquid NN 39831 871 20 , , , 39831 871 21 being be VBG 39831 871 22 farther farth JJR 39831 871 23 from from IN 39831 871 24 the the DT 39831 871 25 surface surface NN 39831 871 26 , , , 39831 871 27 will will MD 39831 871 28 be be VB 39831 871 29 less less RBR 39831 871 30 affected affected JJ 39831 871 31 by by IN 39831 871 32 the the DT 39831 871 33 viscous viscous JJ 39831 871 34 drag drag NN 39831 871 35 ; ; : 39831 871 36 it -PRON- PRP 39831 871 37 will will MD 39831 871 38 therefore therefore RB 39831 871 39 be be VB 39831 871 40 a a DT 39831 871 41 channel channel NN 39831 871 42 of of IN 39831 871 43 more more JJR 39831 871 44 rapid rapid JJ 39831 871 45 flow flow NN 39831 871 46 and and CC 39831 871 47 diminished diminished JJ 39831 871 48 pressure pressure NN 39831 871 49 , , , 39831 871 50 into into IN 39831 871 51 which which WDT 39831 871 52 , , , 39831 871 53 therefore therefore RB 39831 871 54 , , , 39831 871 55 the the DT 39831 871 56 neighbouring neighbour VBG 39831 871 57 liquid liquid NN 39831 871 58 will will MD 39831 871 59 be be VB 39831 871 60 forced force VBN 39831 871 61 from from IN 39831 871 62 either either DT 39831 871 63 side side NN 39831 871 64 . . . 39831 872 1 Thus thus RB 39831 872 2 a a DT 39831 872 3 rib rib NN 39831 872 4 once once RB 39831 872 5 formed form VBN 39831 872 6 is be VBZ 39831 872 7 in in IN 39831 872 8 stable stable JJ 39831 872 9 equilibrium equilibrium NN 39831 872 10 , , , 39831 872 11 and and CC 39831 872 12 will will MD 39831 872 13 correspond correspond VB 39831 872 14 to to IN 39831 872 15 a a DT 39831 872 16 jet jet NN 39831 872 17 at at IN 39831 872 18 the the DT 39831 872 19 edge edge NN 39831 872 20 of of IN 39831 872 21 the the DT 39831 872 22 rim rim NN 39831 872 23 . . . 39831 873 1 This this DT 39831 873 2 explains explain VBZ 39831 873 3 the the DT 39831 873 4 persistence persistence NN 39831 873 5 of of IN 39831 873 6 the the DT 39831 873 7 ribs rib NNS 39831 873 8 when when WRB 39831 873 9 once once RB 39831 873 10 established establish VBN 39831 873 11 , , , 39831 873 12 and and CC 39831 873 13 we -PRON- PRP 39831 873 14 may may MD 39831 873 15 attribute attribute VB 39831 873 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 39831 873 17 regular regular JJ 39831 873 18 distribution distribution NN 39831 873 19 to to IN 39831 873 20 the the DT 39831 873 21 fact fact NN 39831 873 22 that that IN 39831 873 23 they -PRON- PRP 39831 873 24 first first RB 39831 873 25 originate originate VBP 39831 873 26 in in IN 39831 873 27 the the DT 39831 873 28 spontaneous spontaneous JJ 39831 873 29 segmentation segmentation NN 39831 873 30 of of IN 39831 873 31 the the DT 39831 873 32 annular annular JJ 39831 873 33 rim rim NN 39831 873 34 at at IN 39831 873 35 the the DT 39831 873 36 edge edge NN 39831 873 37 of of IN 39831 873 38 the the DT 39831 873 39 advancing advance VBG 39831 873 40 sheath sheath NN 39831 873 41 . . . 39831 874 1 This this DT 39831 874 2 explanation explanation NN 39831 874 3 quite quite RB 39831 874 4 accords accord NNS 39831 874 5 with with IN 39831 874 6 the the DT 39831 874 7 appearance appearance NN 39831 874 8 of of IN 39831 874 9 such such JJ 39831 874 10 figures figure NNS 39831 874 11 as as IN 39831 874 12 Fig Fig NNP 39831 874 13 . . . 39831 875 1 6 6 CD 39831 875 2 of of IN 39831 875 3 page page NN 39831 875 4 91 91 CD 39831 875 5 and and CC 39831 875 6 Figs fig NNS 39831 875 7 . . . 39831 876 1 1 1 CD 39831 876 2 and and CC 39831 876 3 2 2 CD 39831 876 4 of of IN 39831 876 5 page page NN 39831 876 6 113 113 CD 39831 876 7 , , , 39831 876 8 in in IN 39831 876 9 which which WDT 39831 876 10 , , , 39831 876 11 firstly firstly RB 39831 876 12 , , , 39831 876 13 we -PRON- PRP 39831 876 14 see see VBP 39831 876 15 that that IN 39831 876 16 the the DT 39831 876 17 flutings fluting NNS 39831 876 18 are be VBP 39831 876 19 absent absent JJ 39831 876 20 from from IN 39831 876 21 that that DT 39831 876 22 part part NN 39831 876 23 of of IN 39831 876 24 the the DT 39831 876 25 sheath sheath NN 39831 876 26 which which WDT 39831 876 27 has have VBZ 39831 876 28 left leave VBN 39831 876 29 the the DT 39831 876 30 sphere sphere NN 39831 876 31 , , , 39831 876 32 and and CC 39831 876 33 , , , 39831 876 34 secondly secondly RB 39831 876 35 , , , 39831 876 36 we -PRON- PRP 39831 876 37 see see VBP 39831 876 38 how how WRB 39831 876 39 much much RB 39831 876 40 higher high JJR 39831 876 41 in in IN 39831 876 42 every every DT 39831 876 43 case case NN 39831 876 44 the the DT 39831 876 45 continuous continuous JJ 39831 876 46 film film NN 39831 876 47 has have VBZ 39831 876 48 risen rise VBN 39831 876 49 in in IN 39831 876 50 that that DT 39831 876 51 part part NN 39831 876 52 which which WDT 39831 876 53 has have VBZ 39831 876 54 left leave VBN 39831 876 55 the the DT 39831 876 56 sphere sphere NN 39831 876 57 than than IN 39831 876 58 in in IN 39831 876 59 the the DT 39831 876 60 part part NN 39831 876 61 which which WDT 39831 876 62 has have VBZ 39831 876 63 clung cling VBN 39831 876 64 to to IN 39831 876 65 it -PRON- PRP 39831 876 66 , , , 39831 876 67 and and CC 39831 876 68 has have VBZ 39831 876 69 been be VBN 39831 876 70 hindered hinder VBN 39831 876 71 by by IN 39831 876 72 the the DT 39831 876 73 viscous viscous JJ 39831 876 74 drag drag NN 39831 876 75 . . . 39831 877 1 Especially especially RB 39831 877 2 is be VBZ 39831 877 3 this this DT 39831 877 4 the the DT 39831 877 5 case case NN 39831 877 6 in in IN 39831 877 7 Fig Fig NNP 39831 877 8 . . . 39831 878 1 2 2 CD 39831 878 2 , , , 39831 878 3 Series Series NNP 39831 878 4 XIV XIV NNP 39831 878 5 ( ( -LRB- 39831 878 6 p. p. NN 39831 878 7 105 105 CD 39831 878 8 ) ) -RRB- 39831 878 9 , , , 39831 878 10 where where WRB 39831 878 11 the the DT 39831 878 12 liquid liquid NN 39831 878 13 was be VBD 39831 878 14 pure pure JJ 39831 878 15 glycerine glycerine NN 39831 878 16 . . . 39831 879 1 The the DT 39831 879 2 effect effect NN 39831 879 3 of of IN 39831 879 4 the the DT 39831 879 5 viscous viscous JJ 39831 879 6 drag drag NN 39831 879 7 is be VBZ 39831 879 8 , , , 39831 879 9 in in IN 39831 879 10 fact fact NN 39831 879 11 , , , 39831 879 12 most most RBS 39831 879 13 marked mark VBN 39831 879 14 in in IN 39831 879 15 the the DT 39831 879 16 most most RBS 39831 879 17 viscous viscous JJ 39831 879 18 liquid liquid NN 39831 879 19 , , , 39831 879 20 and and CC 39831 879 21 it -PRON- PRP 39831 879 22 is be VBZ 39831 879 23 also also RB 39831 879 24 in in IN 39831 879 25 the the DT 39831 879 26 viscous viscous JJ 39831 879 27 liquid liquid NN 39831 879 28 that that WDT 39831 879 29 the the DT 39831 879 30 ribs rib NNS 39831 879 31 are be VBP 39831 879 32 most most RBS 39831 879 33 strongly strongly RB 39831 879 34 marked mark VBN 39831 879 35 . . . 39831 880 1 INFLUENCE influence NN 39831 880 2 OF of IN 39831 880 3 THE the DT 39831 880 4 NATURE NATURE NNS 39831 880 5 OF of IN 39831 880 6 THE the DT 39831 880 7 LIQUID LIQUID NNP 39831 880 8 EXPLAINED EXPLAINED NNS 39831 880 9 . . . 39831 881 1 Finally finally RB 39831 881 2 , , , 39831 881 3 in in IN 39831 881 4 confirmation confirmation NN 39831 881 5 of of IN 39831 881 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 39831 881 7 explanation explanation NN 39831 881 8 , , , 39831 881 9 we -PRON- PRP 39831 881 10 have have VBP 39831 881 11 the the DT 39831 881 12 fact fact NN 39831 881 13 that that IN 39831 881 14 with with IN 39831 881 15 a a DT 39831 881 16 liquid liquid NN 39831 881 17 of of IN 39831 881 18 small small JJ 39831 881 19 density density NN 39831 881 20 and and CC 39831 881 21 surface surface NN 39831 881 22 - - HYPH 39831 881 23 tension tension NN 39831 881 24 , , , 39831 881 25 such such JJ 39831 881 26 as as IN 39831 881 27 paraffin paraffin NN 39831 881 28 oil oil NN 39831 881 29 , , , 39831 881 30 a a DT 39831 881 31 much much RB 39831 881 32 smaller small JJR 39831 881 33 velocity velocity NN 39831 881 34 of of IN 39831 881 35 impact impact NN 39831 881 36 with with IN 39831 881 37 a a DT 39831 881 38 highly highly RB 39831 881 39 polished polished JJ 39831 881 40 sphere sphere NN 39831 881 41 suffices suffice NNS 39831 881 42 to to TO 39831 881 43 give give VB 39831 881 44 a a DT 39831 881 45 " " `` 39831 881 46 rough rough JJ 39831 881 47 " " '' 39831 881 48 splash splash NN 39831 881 49 than than IN 39831 881 50 with with IN 39831 881 51 water water NN 39831 881 52 , , , 39831 881 53 a a DT 39831 881 54 liquid liquid NN 39831 881 55 of of IN 39831 881 56 greater great JJR 39831 881 57 density density NN 39831 881 58 and and CC 39831 881 59 surface surface NN 39831 881 60 - - HYPH 39831 881 61 tension tension NN 39831 881 62 , , , 39831 881 63 the the DT 39831 881 64 reason reason NN 39831 881 65 being be VBG 39831 881 66 without without IN 39831 881 67 doubt doubt NN 39831 881 68 that that IN 39831 881 69 the the DT 39831 881 70 tangential tangential JJ 39831 881 71 velocity velocity NN 39831 881 72 given give VBN 39831 881 73 by by IN 39831 881 74 the the DT 39831 881 75 impact impact NN 39831 881 76 is be VBZ 39831 881 77 greater great JJR 39831 881 78 with with IN 39831 881 79 the the DT 39831 881 80 lighter light JJR 39831 881 81 liquid liquid NN 39831 881 82 , , , 39831 881 83 as as IN 39831 881 84 , , , 39831 881 85 indeed indeed RB 39831 881 86 , , , 39831 881 87 is be VBZ 39831 881 88 proved prove VBN 39831 881 89 to to TO 39831 881 90 be be VB 39831 881 91 the the DT 39831 881 92 case case NN 39831 881 93 by by IN 39831 881 94 the the DT 39831 881 95 greater great JJR 39831 881 96 height height NN 39831 881 97 to to TO 39831 881 98 which which WDT 39831 881 99 the the DT 39831 881 100 surrounding surround VBG 39831 881 101 sheath sheath NN 39831 881 102 is be VBZ 39831 881 103 thrown throw VBN 39831 881 104 up up RP 39831 881 105 . . . 39831 882 1 The the DT 39831 882 2 surface surface NN 39831 882 3 - - HYPH 39831 882 4 tension tension NN 39831 882 5 also also RB 39831 882 6 being be VBG 39831 882 7 smaller small JJR 39831 882 8 , , , 39831 882 9 the the DT 39831 882 10 less less RBR 39831 882 11 is be VBZ 39831 882 12 the the DT 39831 882 13 abatement abatement NN 39831 882 14 of of IN 39831 882 15 velocity velocity NN 39831 882 16 on on IN 39831 882 17 account account NN 39831 882 18 of of IN 39831 882 19 work work NN 39831 882 20 done do VBN 39831 882 21 in in IN 39831 882 22 extending extend VBG 39831 882 23 the the DT 39831 882 24 surface surface NN 39831 882 25 . . . 39831 883 1 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 39831 883 2 : : : 39831 883 3 [ [ -LRB- 39831 883 4 I i NN 39831 883 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 883 6 See see VB 39831 883 7 _ _ NNP 39831 883 8 Nature Nature NNP 39831 883 9 _ _ NNP 39831 883 10 , , , 39831 883 11 vol vol NNP 39831 883 12 . . . 39831 884 1 xxix xxix NNP 39831 884 2 . . NNP 39831 884 3 , , , 39831 884 4 January January NNP 39831 884 5 31 31 CD 39831 884 6 , , , 39831 884 7 1884 1884 CD 39831 884 8 . . . 39831 885 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 885 2 J J NNP 39831 885 3 ] ] -RRB- 39831 885 4 See see VB 39831 885 5 Whetham Whetham NNP 39831 885 6 on on IN 39831 885 7 " " `` 39831 885 8 The the DT 39831 885 9 Alleged alleged JJ 39831 885 10 Slipping slip VBG 39831 885 11 at at IN 39831 885 12 the the DT 39831 885 13 Boundary Boundary NNP 39831 885 14 of of IN 39831 885 15 a a DT 39831 885 16 Liquid Liquid NNP 39831 885 17 in in IN 39831 885 18 Motion Motion NNP 39831 885 19 . . . 39831 885 20 " " '' 39831 886 1 _ _ NNP 39831 886 2 Phil Phil NNP 39831 886 3 . . . 39831 887 1 Trans tran NNS 39831 887 2 . . . 39831 888 1 Roy Roy NNP 39831 888 2 . . . 39831 889 1 Soc Soc NNP 39831 889 2 . . . 39831 889 3 _ _ NNP 39831 889 4 , , , 39831 889 5 Vol Vol NNP 39831 889 6 . . . 39831 890 1 181 181 CD 39831 890 2 ( ( -LRB- 39831 890 3 1890 1890 CD 39831 890 4 ) ) -RRB- 39831 890 5 . . . 39831 891 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 891 2 X X NNP 39831 891 3 CONCLUSION conclusion NN 39831 891 4 We -PRON- PRP 39831 891 5 have have VBP 39831 891 6 now now RB 39831 891 7 reached reach VBN 39831 891 8 the the DT 39831 891 9 end end NN 39831 891 10 of of IN 39831 891 11 the the DT 39831 891 12 story story NN 39831 891 13 , , , 39831 891 14 as as RB 39831 891 15 far far RB 39831 891 16 at at IN 39831 891 17 least least JJS 39831 891 18 as as IN 39831 891 19 I -PRON- PRP 39831 891 20 am be VBP 39831 891 21 able able JJ 39831 891 22 to to TO 39831 891 23 tell tell VB 39831 891 24 it -PRON- PRP 39831 891 25 . . . 39831 892 1 But but CC 39831 892 2 there there EX 39831 892 3 is be VBZ 39831 892 4 certainly certainly RB 39831 892 5 more more JJR 39831 892 6 to to TO 39831 892 7 be be VB 39831 892 8 found find VBN 39831 892 9 out out RP 39831 892 10 . . . 39831 893 1 No no DT 39831 893 2 one one NN 39831 893 3 has have VBZ 39831 893 4 yet yet RB 39831 893 5 examined examine VBN 39831 893 6 what what WP 39831 893 7 happens happen VBZ 39831 893 8 when when WRB 39831 893 9 a a DT 39831 893 10 rough rough JJ 39831 893 11 sphere sphere NN 39831 893 12 enters enter VBZ 39831 893 13 a a DT 39831 893 14 liquid liquid NN 39831 893 15 with with IN 39831 893 16 a a DT 39831 893 17 very very RB 39831 893 18 high high JJ 39831 893 19 velocity velocity NN 39831 893 20 . . . 39831 894 1 That that IN 39831 894 2 the the DT 39831 894 3 motion motion NN 39831 894 4 set set VBD 39831 894 5 up up RP 39831 894 6 must must MD 39831 894 7 differ differ VB 39831 894 8 from from IN 39831 894 9 that that DT 39831 894 10 at at IN 39831 894 11 a a DT 39831 894 12 low low JJ 39831 894 13 velocity velocity NN 39831 894 14 is be VBZ 39831 894 15 apparent apparent JJ 39831 894 16 to to IN 39831 894 17 any any DT 39831 894 18 one one NN 39831 894 19 who who WP 39831 894 20 has have VBZ 39831 894 21 thrown throw VBN 39831 894 22 stones stone NNS 39831 894 23 from from IN 39831 894 24 a a DT 39831 894 25 low low JJ 39831 894 26 bridge bridge NN 39831 894 27 into into IN 39831 894 28 deep deep JJ 39831 894 29 water water NN 39831 894 30 below below RB 39831 894 31 . . . 39831 895 1 The the DT 39831 895 2 stone stone NN 39831 895 3 that that WDT 39831 895 4 is be VBZ 39831 895 5 thrown throw VBN 39831 895 6 with with IN 39831 895 7 a a DT 39831 895 8 great great JJ 39831 895 9 velocity velocity NN 39831 895 10 makes make VBZ 39831 895 11 neither neither CC 39831 895 12 quite quite PDT 39831 895 13 the the DT 39831 895 14 same same JJ 39831 895 15 sound sound NN 39831 895 16 nor nor CC 39831 895 17 the the DT 39831 895 18 same same JJ 39831 895 19 kind kind NN 39831 895 20 of of RB 39831 895 21 splash splash NN 39831 895 22 as as IN 39831 895 23 a a DT 39831 895 24 slow slow RB 39831 895 25 - - HYPH 39831 895 26 falling fall VBG 39831 895 27 stone stone NN 39831 895 28 , , , 39831 895 29 and and CC 39831 895 30 though though RB 39831 895 31 in in IN 39831 895 32 the the DT 39831 895 33 light light NN 39831 895 34 of of IN 39831 895 35 our -PRON- PRP$ 39831 895 36 present present JJ 39831 895 37 knowledge knowledge NN 39831 895 38 we -PRON- PRP 39831 895 39 may may MD 39831 895 40 conjecture conjecture VB 39831 895 41 the the DT 39831 895 42 kind kind NN 39831 895 43 of of IN 39831 895 44 difference difference NN 39831 895 45 to to TO 39831 895 46 be be VB 39831 895 47 expected expect VBN 39831 895 48 , , , 39831 895 49 yet yet CC 39831 895 50 experience experience NN 39831 895 51 has have VBZ 39831 895 52 taught teach VBN 39831 895 53 me -PRON- PRP 39831 895 54 that that IN 39831 895 55 the the DT 39831 895 56 subject subject NN 39831 895 57 is be VBZ 39831 895 58 so so RB 39831 895 59 full full JJ 39831 895 60 of of IN 39831 895 61 unexpected unexpected JJ 39831 895 62 turns turn NNS 39831 895 63 that that IN 39831 895 64 it -PRON- PRP 39831 895 65 is be VBZ 39831 895 66 better well JJR 39831 895 67 to to TO 39831 895 68 wait wait VB 39831 895 69 for for IN 39831 895 70 the the DT 39831 895 71 photographic photographic JJ 39831 895 72 record record NN 39831 895 73 than than IN 39831 895 74 to to TO 39831 895 75 speculate speculate VB 39831 895 76 without without IN 39831 895 77 it -PRON- PRP 39831 895 78 . . . 39831 896 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 896 2 would would MD 39831 896 3 be be VB 39831 896 4 an an DT 39831 896 5 immense immense JJ 39831 896 6 convenience convenience NN 39831 896 7 , , , 39831 896 8 as as IN 39831 896 9 was be VBD 39831 896 10 suggested suggest VBN 39831 896 11 in in IN 39831 896 12 the the DT 39831 896 13 first first JJ 39831 896 14 chapter chapter NN 39831 896 15 , , , 39831 896 16 if if IN 39831 896 17 we -PRON- PRP 39831 896 18 could could MD 39831 896 19 use use VB 39831 896 20 a a DT 39831 896 21 kinematograph kinematograph NN 39831 896 22 and and CC 39831 896 23 watch watch VB 39831 896 24 such such PDT 39831 896 25 a a DT 39831 896 26 splash splash NN 39831 896 27 in in IN 39831 896 28 broad broad JJ 39831 896 29 daylight daylight NN 39831 896 30 , , , 39831 896 31 without without IN 39831 896 32 the the DT 39831 896 33 troublesome troublesome JJ 39831 896 34 necessity necessity NN 39831 896 35 of of IN 39831 896 36 providing provide VBG 39831 896 37 darkness darkness NN 39831 896 38 and and CC 39831 896 39 an an DT 39831 896 40 electric electric JJ 39831 896 41 spark spark NN 39831 896 42 . . . 39831 897 1 But but CC 39831 897 2 the the DT 39831 897 3 difficulties difficulty NNS 39831 897 4 of of IN 39831 897 5 contriving contrive VBG 39831 897 6 an an DT 39831 897 7 exposure exposure NN 39831 897 8 of of IN 39831 897 9 the the DT 39831 897 10 whole whole JJ 39831 897 11 lens lens NN 39831 897 12 short short JJ 39831 897 13 enough enough RB 39831 897 14 to to TO 39831 897 15 prevent prevent VB 39831 897 16 blurring blurring NN 39831 897 17 , , , 39831 897 18 either either CC 39831 897 19 from from IN 39831 897 20 the the DT 39831 897 21 motion motion NN 39831 897 22 of of IN 39831 897 23 the the DT 39831 897 24 object object NN 39831 897 25 , , , 39831 897 26 or or CC 39831 897 27 from from IN 39831 897 28 that that DT 39831 897 29 of of IN 39831 897 30 the the DT 39831 897 31 rapidly rapidly RB 39831 897 32 - - HYPH 39831 897 33 shifting shift VBG 39831 897 34 sensitive sensitive JJ 39831 897 35 film film NN 39831 897 36 , , , 39831 897 37 are be VBP 39831 897 38 very very RB 39831 897 39 great great JJ 39831 897 40 , , , 39831 897 41 and and CC 39831 897 42 any any DT 39831 897 43 one one NN 39831 897 44 who who WP 39831 897 45 may may MD 39831 897 46 be be VB 39831 897 47 able able JJ 39831 897 48 to to TO 39831 897 49 overcome overcome VB 39831 897 50 them -PRON- PRP 39831 897 51 satisfactorily satisfactorily RB 39831 897 52 , , , 39831 897 53 will will MD 39831 897 54 find find VB 39831 897 55 a a DT 39831 897 56 multitude multitude NN 39831 897 57 of of IN 39831 897 58 applications application NNS 39831 897 59 awaiting await VBG 39831 897 60 his -PRON- PRP$ 39831 897 61 invention invention NN 39831 897 62 . . . 39831 898 1 But but CC 39831 898 2 even even RB 39831 898 3 were be VBD 39831 898 4 the the DT 39831 898 5 photographic photographic JJ 39831 898 6 record record NN 39831 898 7 complete complete VB 39831 898 8 , , , 39831 898 9 what what WP 39831 898 10 does do VBZ 39831 898 11 it -PRON- PRP 39831 898 12 amount amount VB 39831 898 13 to to IN 39831 898 14 ? ? . 39831 899 1 All all DT 39831 899 2 that that WDT 39831 899 3 we -PRON- PRP 39831 899 4 have have VBP 39831 899 5 done do VBN 39831 899 6 has have VBZ 39831 899 7 been be VBN 39831 899 8 merely merely RB 39831 899 9 to to TO 39831 899 10 follow follow VB 39831 899 11 the the DT 39831 899 12 rapid rapid JJ 39831 899 13 changes change NNS 39831 899 14 of of IN 39831 899 15 form form NN 39831 899 16 that that WDT 39831 899 17 take take VBP 39831 899 18 place place NN 39831 899 19 in in IN 39831 899 20 the the DT 39831 899 21 bounding bound VBG 39831 899 22 surface surface NN 39831 899 23 of of IN 39831 899 24 the the DT 39831 899 25 liquid liquid NN 39831 899 26 . . . 39831 900 1 The the DT 39831 900 2 interior interior JJ 39831 900 3 particles particle NNS 39831 900 4 of of IN 39831 900 5 the the DT 39831 900 6 liquid liquid NN 39831 900 7 itself -PRON- PRP 39831 900 8 have have VBP 39831 900 9 remained remain VBN 39831 900 10 invisible invisible JJ 39831 900 11 to to IN 39831 900 12 us -PRON- PRP 39831 900 13 . . . 39831 901 1 But but CC 39831 901 2 it -PRON- PRP 39831 901 3 is be VBZ 39831 901 4 precisely precisely RB 39831 901 5 the the DT 39831 901 6 motion motion NN 39831 901 7 of of IN 39831 901 8 these these DT 39831 901 9 particles particle NNS 39831 901 10 that that WDT 39831 901 11 the the DT 39831 901 12 student student NN 39831 901 13 of of IN 39831 901 14 hydrodynamics hydrodynamic NNS 39831 901 15 desires desire NNS 39831 901 16 to to TO 39831 901 17 be be VB 39831 901 18 able able JJ 39831 901 19 to to TO 39831 901 20 trace trace VB 39831 901 21 . . . 39831 902 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 39831 902 2 study study NN 39831 902 3 is be VBZ 39831 902 4 so so RB 39831 902 5 difficult difficult JJ 39831 902 6 that that IN 39831 902 7 even even RB 39831 902 8 in in IN 39831 902 9 the the DT 39831 902 10 apparently apparently RB 39831 902 11 simple simple JJ 39831 902 12 case case NN 39831 902 13 of of IN 39831 902 14 the the DT 39831 902 15 gently gently RB 39831 902 16 - - HYPH 39831 902 17 undulating undulate VBG 39831 902 18 surface surface NN 39831 902 19 of of IN 39831 902 20 deep deep JJ 39831 902 21 water water NN 39831 902 22 , , , 39831 902 23 the the DT 39831 902 24 reasoning reasoning NN 39831 902 25 necessary necessary JJ 39831 902 26 to to TO 39831 902 27 discover discover VB 39831 902 28 the the DT 39831 902 29 real real JJ 39831 902 30 path path NN 39831 902 31 of of IN 39831 902 32 any any DT 39831 902 33 particle particle NN 39831 902 34 can can MD 39831 902 35 at at IN 39831 902 36 present present JJ 39831 902 37 only only RB 39831 902 38 be be VB 39831 902 39 followed follow VBN 39831 902 40 by by IN 39831 902 41 the the DT 39831 902 42 highly highly RB 39831 902 43 - - HYPH 39831 902 44 trained train VBN 39831 902 45 mathematician mathematician NN 39831 902 46 . . . 39831 903 1 In in IN 39831 903 2 other other JJ 39831 903 3 and and CC 39831 903 4 more more RBR 39831 903 5 complicated complicated JJ 39831 903 6 cases case NNS 39831 903 7 such such JJ 39831 903 8 as as IN 39831 903 9 are be VBP 39831 903 10 exemplified exemplify VBN 39831 903 11 by by IN 39831 903 12 the the DT 39831 903 13 sudden sudden JJ 39831 903 14 disturbances disturbance NNS 39831 903 15 that that WDT 39831 903 16 we -PRON- PRP 39831 903 17 have have VBP 39831 903 18 studied study VBN 39831 903 19 , , , 39831 903 20 any any DT 39831 903 21 definite definite JJ 39831 903 22 information information NN 39831 903 23 that that WDT 39831 903 24 can can MD 39831 903 25 be be VB 39831 903 26 obtained obtain VBN 39831 903 27 , , , 39831 903 28 even even RB 39831 903 29 as as IN 39831 903 30 to to IN 39831 903 31 the the DT 39831 903 32 motion motion NN 39831 903 33 of of IN 39831 903 34 the the DT 39831 903 35 surface surface NN 39831 903 36 , , , 39831 903 37 may may MD 39831 903 38 afford afford VB 39831 903 39 a a DT 39831 903 40 clue clue NN 39831 903 41 to to IN 39831 903 42 the the DT 39831 903 43 solution solution NN 39831 903 44 of of IN 39831 903 45 important important JJ 39831 903 46 questions question NNS 39831 903 47 ; ; : 39831 903 48 and and CC 39831 903 49 I -PRON- PRP 39831 903 50 have have VBP 39831 903 51 been be VBN 39831 903 52 encouraged encourage VBN 39831 903 53 to to TO 39831 903 54 hope hope VB 39831 903 55 that that IN 39831 903 56 the the DT 39831 903 57 observations observation NNS 39831 903 58 here here RB 39831 903 59 recorded record VBN 39831 903 60 may may MD 39831 903 61 serve serve VB 39831 903 62 as as IN 39831 903 63 a a DT 39831 903 64 useful useful JJ 39831 903 65 basis basis NN 39831 903 66 of of IN 39831 903 67 experimental experimental JJ 39831 903 68 fact fact NN 39831 903 69 in in IN 39831 903 70 a a DT 39831 903 71 confessedly confessedly RB 39831 903 72 difficult difficult JJ 39831 903 73 subject subject NN 39831 903 74 . . . 39831 904 1 To to TO 39831 904 2 take take VB 39831 904 3 a a DT 39831 904 4 single single JJ 39831 904 5 illustration illustration NN 39831 904 6 of of IN 39831 904 7 a a DT 39831 904 8 possible possible JJ 39831 904 9 application application NN 39831 904 10 in in IN 39831 904 11 an an DT 39831 904 12 unexpected unexpected JJ 39831 904 13 quarter quarter NN 39831 904 14 , , , 39831 904 15 I -PRON- PRP 39831 904 16 would would MD 39831 904 17 invite invite VB 39831 904 18 the the DT 39831 904 19 attention attention NN 39831 904 20 of of IN 39831 904 21 the the DT 39831 904 22 reader reader NN 39831 904 23 to to IN 39831 904 24 the the DT 39831 904 25 two two CD 39831 904 26 photographs photograph NNS 39831 904 27 in in IN 39831 904 28 the the DT 39831 904 29 frontispiece frontispiece NN 39831 904 30 , , , 39831 904 31 which which WDT 39831 904 32 exhibit exhibit VBP 39831 904 33 the the DT 39831 904 34 splash splash NN 39831 904 35 of of IN 39831 904 36 a a DT 39831 904 37 projectile projectile NN 39831 904 38 on on IN 39831 904 39 striking strike VBG 39831 904 40 the the DT 39831 904 41 steel steel NN 39831 904 42 armour armour NN 39831 904 43 - - HYPH 39831 904 44 plate plate NN 39831 904 45 of of IN 39831 904 46 a a DT 39831 904 47 battleship battleship NN 39831 904 48 . . . 39831 905 1 These these DT 39831 905 2 are be VBP 39831 905 3 ordinary ordinary JJ 39831 905 4 photographs photograph NNS 39831 905 5 taken take VBN 39831 905 6 after after IN 39831 905 7 the the DT 39831 905 8 plate plate NN 39831 905 9 had have VBD 39831 905 10 been be VBN 39831 905 11 used use VBN 39831 905 12 as as IN 39831 905 13 a a DT 39831 905 14 target target NN 39831 905 15 . . . 39831 906 1 They -PRON- PRP 39831 906 2 represent represent VBP 39831 906 3 the the DT 39831 906 4 side side NN 39831 906 5 on on IN 39831 906 6 which which WDT 39831 906 7 the the DT 39831 906 8 projectile projectile NN 39831 906 9 has have VBZ 39831 906 10 entered enter VBN 39831 906 11 . . . 39831 907 1 In in IN 39831 907 2 one one CD 39831 907 3 picture picture NN 39831 907 4 the the DT 39831 907 5 projectile projectile NN 39831 907 6 is be VBZ 39831 907 7 still still RB 39831 907 8 seen see VBN 39831 907 9 embedded embed VBN 39831 907 10 in in IN 39831 907 11 the the DT 39831 907 12 plate plate NN 39831 907 13 . . . 39831 908 1 No no DT 39831 908 2 one one NN 39831 908 3 looking look VBG 39831 908 4 at at IN 39831 908 5 these these DT 39831 908 6 photographs photograph NNS 39831 908 7 can can MD 39831 908 8 fail fail VB 39831 908 9 to to TO 39831 908 10 be be VB 39831 908 11 struck strike VBN 39831 908 12 with with IN 39831 908 13 the the DT 39831 908 14 close close JJ 39831 908 15 resemblance resemblance NN 39831 908 16 to to IN 39831 908 17 some some DT 39831 908 18 of of IN 39831 908 19 the the DT 39831 908 20 splashes splash NNS 39831 908 21 that that WDT 39831 908 22 we -PRON- PRP 39831 908 23 have have VBP 39831 908 24 studied study VBN 39831 908 25 . . . 39831 909 1 There there EX 39831 909 2 is be VBZ 39831 909 3 the the DT 39831 909 4 same same JJ 39831 909 5 _ _ NNP 39831 909 6 slight slight JJ 39831 909 7 _ _ NNP 39831 909 8 upheaval upheaval NN 39831 909 9 of of IN 39831 909 10 the the DT 39831 909 11 neighbouring neighbouring NN 39831 909 12 surface surface NN 39831 909 13 , , , 39831 909 14 the the DT 39831 909 15 same same JJ 39831 909 16 crater crater NN 39831 909 17 , , , 39831 909 18 with with IN 39831 909 19 the the DT 39831 909 20 same same JJ 39831 909 21 curled curl VBN 39831 909 22 lip lip NN 39831 909 23 , , , 39831 909 24 leading lead VBG 39831 909 25 to to IN 39831 909 26 the the DT 39831 909 27 inference inference NN 39831 909 28 that that IN 39831 909 29 under under IN 39831 909 30 the the DT 39831 909 31 immense immense JJ 39831 909 32 and and CC 39831 909 33 suddenly suddenly RB 39831 909 34 applied apply VBD 39831 909 35 pressure pressure NN 39831 909 36 , , , 39831 909 37 the the DT 39831 909 38 steel steel NN 39831 909 39 has have VBZ 39831 909 40 behaved behave VBN 39831 909 41 like like IN 39831 909 42 a a DT 39831 909 43 liquid liquid NN 39831 909 44 . . . 39831 910 1 Such such JJ 39831 910 2 flow flow NN 39831 910 3 of of IN 39831 910 4 metals metal NNS 39831 910 5 under under IN 39831 910 6 great great JJ 39831 910 7 pressure pressure NN 39831 910 8 is be VBZ 39831 910 9 familiar familiar JJ 39831 910 10 enough enough RB 39831 910 11 to to IN 39831 910 12 mechanical mechanical JJ 39831 910 13 engineers engineer NNS 39831 910 14 , , , 39831 910 15 but but CC 39831 910 16 what what WP 39831 910 17 I -PRON- PRP 39831 910 18 desire desire VBP 39831 910 19 to to TO 39831 910 20 suggest suggest VB 39831 910 21 is be VBZ 39831 910 22 , , , 39831 910 23 that that IN 39831 910 24 from from IN 39831 910 25 a a DT 39831 910 26 study study NN 39831 910 27 of of IN 39831 910 28 the the DT 39831 910 29 motions motion NNS 39831 910 30 set set VBN 39831 910 31 up up RP 39831 910 32 in in IN 39831 910 33 a a DT 39831 910 34 liquid liquid NN 39831 910 35 in in IN 39831 910 36 an an DT 39831 910 37 analogous analogous JJ 39831 910 38 case case NN 39831 910 39 , , , 39831 910 40 it -PRON- PRP 39831 910 41 may may MD 39831 910 42 be be VB 39831 910 43 possible possible JJ 39831 910 44 to to TO 39831 910 45 deduce deduce VB 39831 910 46 information information NN 39831 910 47 about about IN 39831 910 48 the the DT 39831 910 49 distribution distribution NN 39831 910 50 of of IN 39831 910 51 internal internal JJ 39831 910 52 stress stress NN 39831 910 53 , , , 39831 910 54 which which WDT 39831 910 55 may may MD 39831 910 56 apply apply VB 39831 910 57 also also RB 39831 910 58 to to IN 39831 910 59 a a DT 39831 910 60 solid solid JJ 39831 910 61 , , , 39831 910 62 and and CC 39831 910 63 may may MD 39831 910 64 thus thus RB 39831 910 65 lead lead VB 39831 910 66 to to IN 39831 910 67 improvements improvement NNS 39831 910 68 in in IN 39831 910 69 the the DT 39831 910 70 construction construction NN 39831 910 71 of of IN 39831 910 72 a a DT 39831 910 73 plate plate NN 39831 910 74 that that WDT 39831 910 75 is be VBZ 39831 910 76 intended intend VBN 39831 910 77 to to TO 39831 910 78 resist resist VB 39831 910 79 penetration penetration NN 39831 910 80 . . . 39831 911 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 39831 911 2 XI XI NNP 39831 911 3 ( ( -LRB- 39831 911 4 SUPPLEMENTARY SUPPLEMENTARY NNP 39831 911 5 ) ) -RRB- 39831 911 6 A a DT 39831 911 7 NEW NEW NNP 39831 911 8 PHENOMENON phenomenon NN 39831 911 9 THAT that WDT 39831 911 10 APPEARS APPEARS NNP 39831 911 11 WITH with IN 39831 911 12 AN an DT 39831 911 13 INCREASE increase NN 39831 911 14 IN in IN 39831 911 15 THE the DT 39831 911 16 VELOCITY velocity NN 39831 911 17 OF of IN 39831 911 18 ENTRY entry NN 39831 911 19 OF of IN 39831 911 20 A a DT 39831 911 21 ROUGH rough JJ 39831 911 22 SPHERE SPHERE NNS 39831 911 23 A a DT 39831 911 24 slight slight JJ 39831 911 25 delay delay NN 39831 911 26 in in IN 39831 911 27 the the DT 39831 911 28 passage passage NN 39831 911 29 of of IN 39831 911 30 this this DT 39831 911 31 book book NN 39831 911 32 through through IN 39831 911 33 the the DT 39831 911 34 press press NN 39831 911 35 has have VBZ 39831 911 36 enabled enable VBN 39831 911 37 me -PRON- PRP 39831 911 38 to to TO 39831 911 39 obtain obtain VB 39831 911 40 some some DT 39831 911 41 of of IN 39831 911 42 the the DT 39831 911 43 missing miss VBG 39831 911 44 information information NN 39831 911 45 referred refer VBD 39831 911 46 to to IN 39831 911 47 in in IN 39831 911 48 the the DT 39831 911 49 opening opening NN 39831 911 50 paragraph paragraph NN 39831 911 51 of of IN 39831 911 52 the the DT 39831 911 53 last last JJ 39831 911 54 chapter chapter NN 39831 911 55 . . . 39831 912 1 If if IN 39831 912 2 any any DT 39831 912 3 reader reader NN 39831 912 4 who who WP 39831 912 5 may may MD 39831 912 6 have have VB 39831 912 7 been be VBN 39831 912 8 persuaded persuade VBN 39831 912 9 to to TO 39831 912 10 try try VB 39831 912 11 for for IN 39831 912 12 himself -PRON- PRP 39831 912 13 the the DT 39831 912 14 simple simple JJ 39831 912 15 experiment experiment NN 39831 912 16 mentioned mention VBN 39831 912 17 at at IN 39831 912 18 the the DT 39831 912 19 beginning beginning NN 39831 912 20 of of IN 39831 912 21 Chapter Chapter NNP 39831 912 22 VII VII NNP 39831 912 23 , , , 39831 912 24 will will MD 39831 912 25 extend extend VB 39831 912 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 39831 912 27 observations observation NNS 39831 912 28 by by IN 39831 912 29 increasing increase VBG 39831 912 30 the the DT 39831 912 31 height height NN 39831 912 32 of of IN 39831 912 33 fall fall NN 39831 912 34 of of IN 39831 912 35 the the DT 39831 912 36 roughened roughen VBN 39831 912 37 marble marble NN 39831 912 38 to to IN 39831 912 39 4 4 CD 39831 912 40 or or CC 39831 912 41 5 5 CD 39831 912 42 feet foot NNS 39831 912 43 ( ( -LRB- 39831 912 44 say say VB 39831 912 45 to to IN 39831 912 46 140 140 CD 39831 912 47 centim centim NN 39831 912 48 . . . 39831 913 1 ) ) -RRB- 39831 913 2 , , , 39831 913 3 he -PRON- PRP 39831 913 4 will will MD 39831 913 5 find find VB 39831 913 6 that that DT 39831 913 7 while while IN 39831 913 8 , , , 39831 913 9 as as IN 39831 913 10 before before RB 39831 913 11 , , , 39831 913 12 much much JJ 39831 913 13 air air NN 39831 913 14 is be VBZ 39831 913 15 still still RB 39831 913 16 carried carry VBN 39831 913 17 down down RP 39831 913 18 , , , 39831 913 19 there there EX 39831 913 20 is be VBZ 39831 913 21 nevertheless nevertheless RB 39831 913 22 , , , 39831 913 23 now now RB 39831 913 24 , , , 39831 913 25 no no DT 39831 913 26 rebounding rebound VBG 39831 913 27 jet jet NN 39831 913 28 projected project VBD 39831 913 29 high high RB 39831 913 30 into into IN 39831 913 31 the the DT 39831 913 32 air air NN 39831 913 33 , , , 39831 913 34 such such JJ 39831 913 35 as as IN 39831 913 36 is be VBZ 39831 913 37 invariably invariably RB 39831 913 38 seen see VBN 39831 913 39 with with IN 39831 913 40 the the DT 39831 913 41 lower low JJR 39831 913 42 fall fall NN 39831 913 43 of of IN 39831 913 44 2 2 CD 39831 913 45 feet foot NNS 39831 913 46 ( ( -LRB- 39831 913 47 60 60 CD 39831 913 48 centim centim NN 39831 913 49 . . . 39831 914 1 ) ) -RRB- 39831 914 2 , , , 39831 914 3 and and CC 39831 914 4 he -PRON- PRP 39831 914 5 will will MD 39831 914 6 notice notice VB 39831 914 7 a a DT 39831 914 8 curious curious JJ 39831 914 9 " " `` 39831 914 10 seething seethe VBG 39831 914 11 " " '' 39831 914 12 appearance appearance NN 39831 914 13 at at IN 39831 914 14 the the DT 39831 914 15 surface surface NN 39831 914 16 . . . 39831 915 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 915 2 K K NNP 39831 915 3 ] ] -RRB- 39831 915 4 Thinking think VBG 39831 915 5 that that IN 39831 915 6 this this DT 39831 915 7 appearance appearance NN 39831 915 8 which which WDT 39831 915 9 the the DT 39831 915 10 naked naked JJ 39831 915 11 eye eye NN 39831 915 12 detects detect NNS 39831 915 13 must must MD 39831 915 14 be be VB 39831 915 15 due due IN 39831 915 16 to to IN 39831 915 17 an an DT 39831 915 18 entanglement entanglement NN 39831 915 19 of of IN 39831 915 20 the the DT 39831 915 21 rising rise VBG 39831 915 22 jet jet NN 39831 915 23 with with IN 39831 915 24 the the DT 39831 915 25 bubble bubble NN 39831 915 26 , , , 39831 915 27 which which WDT 39831 915 28 entanglement entanglement NN 39831 915 29 was be VBD 39831 915 30 likely likely JJ 39831 915 31 to to TO 39831 915 32 produce produce VB 39831 915 33 confused confused JJ 39831 915 34 motions motion NNS 39831 915 35 that that WDT 39831 915 36 could could MD 39831 915 37 not not RB 39831 915 38 be be VB 39831 915 39 profitably profitably RB 39831 915 40 studied study VBN 39831 915 41 , , , 39831 915 42 I -PRON- PRP 39831 915 43 had have VBD 39831 915 44 not not RB 39831 915 45 till till IN 39831 915 46 now now RB 39831 915 47 been be VBN 39831 915 48 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39831 915 49 curious curious JJ 39831 915 50 to to TO 39831 915 51 examine examine VB 39831 915 52 what what WP 39831 915 53 really really RB 39831 915 54 happened happen VBD 39831 915 55 . . . 39831 916 1 But but CC 39831 916 2 certain certain JJ 39831 916 3 recent recent JJ 39831 916 4 observations observation NNS 39831 916 5 of of IN 39831 916 6 the the DT 39831 916 7 persistence persistence NN 39831 916 8 with with IN 39831 916 9 which which WDT 39831 916 10 the the DT 39831 916 11 seething seethe VBG 39831 916 12 motion motion NN 39831 916 13 again again RB 39831 916 14 and and CC 39831 916 15 again again RB 39831 916 16 recurred recur VBD 39831 916 17 when when WRB 39831 916 18 a a DT 39831 916 19 stone stone NN 39831 916 20 was be VBD 39831 916 21 dropped drop VBN 39831 916 22 or or CC 39831 916 23 thrown throw VBN 39831 916 24 into into IN 39831 916 25 a a DT 39831 916 26 river river NN 39831 916 27 , , , 39831 916 28 led lead VBD 39831 916 29 me -PRON- PRP 39831 916 30 to to TO 39831 916 31 suspect suspect VB 39831 916 32 that that IN 39831 916 33 something something NN 39831 916 34 required require VBN 39831 916 35 investigation investigation NN 39831 916 36 . . . 39831 917 1 I -PRON- PRP 39831 917 2 was be VBD 39831 917 3 , , , 39831 917 4 however however RB 39831 917 5 , , , 39831 917 6 quite quite RB 39831 917 7 unprepared unprepared JJ 39831 917 8 to to TO 39831 917 9 find find VB 39831 917 10 the the DT 39831 917 11 remarkable remarkable JJ 39831 917 12 change change NN 39831 917 13 of of IN 39831 917 14 procedure procedure NN 39831 917 15 that that WDT 39831 917 16 is be VBZ 39831 917 17 revealed reveal VBN 39831 917 18 by by IN 39831 917 19 the the DT 39831 917 20 following follow VBG 39831 917 21 series series NN 39831 917 22 of of IN 39831 917 23 photographs photograph NNS 39831 917 24 ( ( -LRB- 39831 917 25 Series Series NNP 39831 917 26 XVII XVII NNP 39831 917 27 ) ) -RRB- 39831 917 28 , , , 39831 917 29 in in IN 39831 917 30 the the DT 39831 917 31 taking taking NN 39831 917 32 of of IN 39831 917 33 which which WDT 39831 917 34 I -PRON- PRP 39831 917 35 owe owe VBP 39831 917 36 much much JJ 39831 917 37 to to IN 39831 917 38 the the DT 39831 917 39 kind kind JJ 39831 917 40 and and CC 39831 917 41 skilful skilful JJ 39831 917 42 assistance assistance NN 39831 917 43 of of IN 39831 917 44 Dr. Dr. NNP 39831 917 45 Bryan Bryan NNP 39831 917 46 . . . 39831 918 1 The the DT 39831 918 2 earlier early JJR 39831 918 3 figures figure NNS 39831 918 4 show show VBP 39831 918 5 the the DT 39831 918 6 very very RB 39831 918 7 rapid rapid JJ 39831 918 8 rise rise NN 39831 918 9 of of IN 39831 918 10 the the DT 39831 918 11 crater crater NN 39831 918 12 and and CC 39831 918 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 918 14 closing closing NN 39831 918 15 as as IN 39831 918 16 a a DT 39831 918 17 bubble bubble NN 39831 918 18 much much RB 39831 918 19 before before IN 39831 918 20 the the DT 39831 918 21 entrapped entrap VBN 39831 918 22 column column NN 39831 918 23 of of IN 39831 918 24 air air NN 39831 918 25 divides divide VBZ 39831 918 26 . . . 39831 919 1 Before before IN 39831 919 2 the the DT 39831 919 3 division division NN 39831 919 4 takes take VBZ 39831 919 5 place place NN 39831 919 6 , , , 39831 919 7 the the DT 39831 919 8 liquid liquid NN 39831 919 9 now now RB 39831 919 10 flowing flow VBG 39831 919 11 in in IN 39831 919 12 from from IN 39831 919 13 all all DT 39831 919 14 sides side NNS 39831 919 15 closes close VBZ 39831 919 16 over over IN 39831 919 17 the the DT 39831 919 18 upper upper JJ 39831 919 19 end end NN 39831 919 20 of of IN 39831 919 21 the the DT 39831 919 22 long long JJ 39831 919 23 air air NN 39831 919 24 - - HYPH 39831 919 25 tube tube NN 39831 919 26 , , , 39831 919 27 separates separate VBZ 39831 919 28 it -PRON- PRP 39831 919 29 from from IN 39831 919 30 the the DT 39831 919 31 air air NN 39831 919 32 outside outside RB 39831 919 33 , , , 39831 919 34 and and CC 39831 919 35 _ _ NNP 39831 919 36 forms form VBZ 39831 919 37 a a DT 39831 919 38 downward downward JJ 39831 919 39 jet jet NN 39831 919 40 which which WDT 39831 919 41 shoots shoot VBZ 39831 919 42 down down RP 39831 919 43 the the DT 39831 919 44 middle middle NN 39831 919 45 of of IN 39831 919 46 the the DT 39831 919 47 air air NN 39831 919 48 - - HYPH 39831 919 49 tube tube NN 39831 919 50 in in IN 39831 919 51 pursuit pursuit NN 39831 919 52 of of IN 39831 919 53 the the DT 39831 919 54 sphere sphere NN 39831 919 55 _ _ NNP 39831 919 56 . . . 39831 920 1 The the DT 39831 920 2 first first JJ 39831 920 3 formation formation NN 39831 920 4 of of IN 39831 920 5 this this DT 39831 920 6 jet jet NN 39831 920 7 is be VBZ 39831 920 8 not not RB 39831 920 9 easy easy JJ 39831 920 10 to to TO 39831 920 11 observe observe VB 39831 920 12 , , , 39831 920 13 because because IN 39831 920 14 the the DT 39831 920 15 view view NN 39831 920 16 is be VBZ 39831 920 17 obscured obscure VBN 39831 920 18 by by IN 39831 920 19 much much JJ 39831 920 20 splashing splashing NN 39831 920 21 and and CC 39831 920 22 turbulent turbulent JJ 39831 920 23 vortical vortical JJ 39831 920 24 motion motion NN 39831 920 25 resulting result VBG 39831 920 26 apparently apparently RB 39831 920 27 from from IN 39831 920 28 the the DT 39831 920 29 collision collision NN 39831 920 30 of of IN 39831 920 31 the the DT 39831 920 32 streams stream NNS 39831 920 33 that that WDT 39831 920 34 converge converge VBP 39831 920 35 from from IN 39831 920 36 all all DT 39831 920 37 sides side NNS 39831 920 38 on on IN 39831 920 39 the the DT 39831 920 40 axis axis NN 39831 920 41 of of IN 39831 920 42 the the DT 39831 920 43 air air NN 39831 920 44 - - HYPH 39831 920 45 tube tube NN 39831 920 46 at at IN 39831 920 47 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 920 48 upper upper JJ 39831 920 49 end end NN 39831 920 50 . . . 39831 921 1 Thus thus RB 39831 921 2 in in IN 39831 921 3 Fig Fig NNP 39831 921 4 . . . 39831 922 1 5 5 CD 39831 922 2 the the DT 39831 922 3 jet jet NN 39831 922 4 is be VBZ 39831 922 5 not not RB 39831 922 6 yet yet RB 39831 922 7 well well RB 39831 922 8 established establish VBN 39831 922 9 , , , 39831 922 10 or or CC 39831 922 11 at at IN 39831 922 12 least least JJS 39831 922 13 not not RB 39831 922 14 easily easily RB 39831 922 15 discerned discern VBN 39831 922 16 ; ; : 39831 922 17 but but CC 39831 922 18 in in IN 39831 922 19 Fig Fig NNP 39831 922 20 . . . 39831 923 1 6 6 CD 39831 923 2 the the DT 39831 923 3 turbulence turbulence NN 39831 923 4 has have VBZ 39831 923 5 cleared clear VBN 39831 923 6 away away RB 39831 923 7 from from IN 39831 923 8 the the DT 39831 923 9 upper upper JJ 39831 923 10 part part NN 39831 923 11 , , , 39831 923 12 and and CC 39831 923 13 from from IN 39831 923 14 this this DT 39831 923 15 stage stage NN 39831 923 16 onwards onwards RB 39831 923 17 the the DT 39831 923 18 jet jet NN 39831 923 19 is be VBZ 39831 923 20 well well RB 39831 923 21 seen see VBN 39831 923 22 in in IN 39831 923 23 all all PDT 39831 923 24 the the DT 39831 923 25 figures figure NNS 39831 923 26 , , , 39831 923 27 and and CC 39831 923 28 it -PRON- PRP 39831 923 29 persists persist VBZ 39831 923 30 long long RB 39831 923 31 after after IN 39831 923 32 the the DT 39831 923 33 segmentation segmentation NN 39831 923 34 of of IN 39831 923 35 the the DT 39831 923 36 air air NN 39831 923 37 column column NN 39831 923 38 has have VBZ 39831 923 39 taken take VBN 39831 923 40 place place NN 39831 923 41 . . . 39831 924 1 The the DT 39831 924 2 reader reader NN 39831 924 3 must must MD 39831 924 4 not not RB 39831 924 5 suppose suppose VB 39831 924 6 that that IN 39831 924 7 this this DT 39831 924 8 jet jet NN 39831 924 9 is be VBZ 39831 924 10 a a DT 39831 924 11 mere mere JJ 39831 924 12 _ _ NNP 39831 924 13 falling fall VBG 39831 924 14 _ _ NNP 39831 924 15 of of IN 39831 924 16 the the DT 39831 924 17 water water NN 39831 924 18 under under IN 39831 924 19 the the DT 39831 924 20 action action NN 39831 924 21 of of IN 39831 924 22 gravity gravity NN 39831 924 23 , , , 39831 924 24 for for IN 39831 924 25 the the DT 39831 924 26 rapidity rapidity NN 39831 924 27 with with IN 39831 924 28 which which WDT 39831 924 29 it -PRON- PRP 39831 924 30 advances advance VBZ 39831 924 31 is be VBZ 39831 924 32 far far RB 39831 924 33 greater great JJR 39831 924 34 than than IN 39831 924 35 could could MD 39831 924 36 be be VB 39831 924 37 accounted account VBN 39831 924 38 for for IN 39831 924 39 in in IN 39831 924 40 this this DT 39831 924 41 way way NN 39831 924 42 ; ; : 39831 924 43 indeed indeed RB 39831 924 44 , , , 39831 924 45 as as IN 39831 924 46 the the DT 39831 924 47 " " `` 39831 924 48 times time NNS 39831 924 49 " " '' 39831 924 50 show show NN 39831 924 51 , , , 39831 924 52 the the DT 39831 924 53 effect effect NN 39831 924 54 of of IN 39831 924 55 gravity gravity NN 39831 924 56 during during IN 39831 924 57 the the DT 39831 924 58 establishment establishment NN 39831 924 59 of of IN 39831 924 60 the the DT 39831 924 61 jet jet NN 39831 924 62 is be VBZ 39831 924 63 insignificant insignificant JJ 39831 924 64 . . . 39831 925 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 925 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 925 3 : : : 39831 925 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 925 5 XVII XVII NNP 39831 925 6 Rough Rough NNP 39831 925 7 sphere sphere VBD 39831 925 8 falling fall VBG 39831 925 9 140 140 CD 39831 925 10 cm cm NNS 39831 925 11 . . . 39831 926 1 into into IN 39831 926 2 water water NN 39831 926 3 . . . 39831 927 1 Scale scale NN 39831 927 2 2/3 2/3 CD 39831 927 3 . . . 39831 928 1 1 1 CD 39831 928 2 0·006 0â·006 CD 39831 928 3 sec sec NNP 39831 928 4 . . . 39831 929 1 2 2 CD 39831 929 2 0·008 0·008 NNP 39831 929 3 sec sec NNP 39831 929 4 . . . 39831 930 1 3 3 CD 39831 930 2 0·015 0·015 NNP 39831 930 3 sec sec NNP 39831 930 4 . . . 39831 931 1 4 4 CD 39831 931 2 0·021 0·021 NNP 39831 931 3 sec sec NNP 39831 931 4 . . . 39831 932 1 5 5 CD 39831 932 2 0·038 0·038 NNP 39831 932 3 sec sec NNP 39831 932 4 . . . 39831 932 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 933 1 The the DT 39831 933 2 segmentation segmentation NN 39831 933 3 of of IN 39831 933 4 the the DT 39831 933 5 air air NN 39831 933 6 column column NN 39831 933 7 appears appear VBZ 39831 933 8 to to TO 39831 933 9 be be VB 39831 933 10 independent independent JJ 39831 933 11 of of IN 39831 933 12 the the DT 39831 933 13 jet jet NN 39831 933 14 ; ; : 39831 933 15 but but CC 39831 933 16 some some DT 39831 933 17 photographs photograph NNS 39831 933 18 , , , 39831 933 19 such such JJ 39831 933 20 as as IN 39831 933 21 Fig Fig NNP 39831 933 22 . . . 39831 934 1 7 7 LS 39831 934 2 , , , 39831 934 3 show show VB 39831 934 4 the the DT 39831 934 5 jet jet NN 39831 934 6 striking strike VBG 39831 934 7 the the DT 39831 934 8 side side NN 39831 934 9 and and CC 39831 934 10 breaking break VBG 39831 934 11 into into IN 39831 934 12 the the DT 39831 934 13 surrounding surround VBG 39831 934 14 liquid liquid NN 39831 934 15 with with IN 39831 934 16 a a DT 39831 934 17 great great JJ 39831 934 18 accompaniment accompaniment NN 39831 934 19 of of IN 39831 934 20 " " `` 39831 934 21 air air NN 39831 934 22 - - HYPH 39831 934 23 dust dust NN 39831 934 24 . . . 39831 934 25 " " '' 39831 935 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 935 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 935 3 : : : 39831 935 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 935 5 XVII--(_continued XVII--(_continued NNP 39831 935 6 _ _ NNP 39831 935 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 935 8 6 6 CD 39831 935 9 0·043 0â·043 NN 39831 935 10 sec sec NNP 39831 935 11 . . . 39831 936 1 7 7 CD 39831 936 2 0·052 0·052 NNP 39831 936 3 sec sec NNP 39831 936 4 . . . 39831 936 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 937 1 N.B.--Each n.b.--each CD 39831 937 2 of of IN 39831 937 3 these these DT 39831 937 4 figures figure NNS 39831 937 5 is be VBZ 39831 937 6 made make VBN 39831 937 7 up up RP 39831 937 8 from from IN 39831 937 9 two two CD 39831 937 10 photographs photograph NNS 39831 937 11 ; ; : 39831 937 12 one one CD 39831 937 13 of of IN 39831 937 14 the the DT 39831 937 15 upper upper JJ 39831 937 16 and and CC 39831 937 17 one one CD 39831 937 18 of of IN 39831 937 19 the the DT 39831 937 20 lower low JJR 39831 937 21 portion portion NN 39831 937 22 taken take VBN 39831 937 23 from from IN 39831 937 24 different different JJ 39831 937 25 splashes splash NNS 39831 937 26 , , , 39831 937 27 but but CC 39831 937 28 with with IN 39831 937 29 the the DT 39831 937 30 same same JJ 39831 937 31 " " `` 39831 937 32 timing timing NN 39831 937 33 . . . 39831 937 34 " " '' 39831 938 1 The the DT 39831 938 2 reader reader NN 39831 938 3 will will MD 39831 938 4 observe observe VB 39831 938 5 that that IN 39831 938 6 after after IN 39831 938 7 division division NN 39831 938 8 of of IN 39831 938 9 the the DT 39831 938 10 air air NN 39831 938 11 - - HYPH 39831 938 12 tube tube NN 39831 938 13 has have VBZ 39831 938 14 taken take VBN 39831 938 15 place place NN 39831 938 16 , , , 39831 938 17 say say VBP 39831 938 18 from from IN 39831 938 19 Fig Fig NNP 39831 938 20 . . . 39831 939 1 9 9 CD 39831 939 2 onwards onwards RB 39831 939 3 , , , 39831 939 4 the the DT 39831 939 5 water water NN 39831 939 6 entering enter VBG 39831 939 7 the the DT 39831 939 8 jet jet NN 39831 939 9 at at IN 39831 939 10 the the DT 39831 939 11 top top NN 39831 939 12 and and CC 39831 939 13 coming come VBG 39831 939 14 out out RP 39831 939 15 again again RB 39831 939 16 at at IN 39831 939 17 the the DT 39831 939 18 bottom bottom NN 39831 939 19 must must MD 39831 939 20 circulate circulate VB 39831 939 21 as as IN 39831 939 22 in in IN 39831 939 23 a a DT 39831 939 24 vortex vortex NN 39831 939 25 ring ring NN 39831 939 26 , , , 39831 939 27 part part NN 39831 939 28 of of IN 39831 939 29 the the DT 39831 939 30 core core NN 39831 939 31 of of IN 39831 939 32 which which WDT 39831 939 33 is be VBZ 39831 939 34 filled fill VBN 39831 939 35 with with IN 39831 939 36 the the DT 39831 939 37 air air NN 39831 939 38 surrounding surround VBG 39831 939 39 the the DT 39831 939 40 jet jet NN 39831 939 41 . . . 39831 940 1 It -PRON- PRP 39831 940 2 is be VBZ 39831 940 3 also also RB 39831 940 4 to to TO 39831 940 5 be be VB 39831 940 6 observed observe VBN 39831 940 7 that that IN 39831 940 8 after after IN 39831 940 9 the the DT 39831 940 10 establishment establishment NN 39831 940 11 of of IN 39831 940 12 the the DT 39831 940 13 jet jet NN 39831 940 14 , , , 39831 940 15 there there EX 39831 940 16 is be VBZ 39831 940 17 a a DT 39831 940 18 steady steady JJ 39831 940 19 increase increase NN 39831 940 20 in in IN 39831 940 21 the the DT 39831 940 22 size size NN 39831 940 23 of of IN 39831 940 24 the the DT 39831 940 25 heap heap NN 39831 940 26 above above IN 39831 940 27 the the DT 39831 940 28 surface surface NN 39831 940 29 ; ; : 39831 940 30 but but CC 39831 940 31 it -PRON- PRP 39831 940 32 is be VBZ 39831 940 33 not not RB 39831 940 34 easy easy JJ 39831 940 35 in in IN 39831 940 36 any any DT 39831 940 37 given give VBN 39831 940 38 photograph photograph NN 39831 940 39 to to TO 39831 940 40 say say VB 39831 940 41 how how WRB 39831 940 42 much much JJ 39831 940 43 of of IN 39831 940 44 this this DT 39831 940 45 protuberance protuberance NN 39831 940 46 is be VBZ 39831 940 47 air air NN 39831 940 48 and and CC 39831 940 49 how how WRB 39831 940 50 much much JJ 39831 940 51 is be VBZ 39831 940 52 water water NN 39831 940 53 . . . 39831 941 1 An an DT 39831 941 2 examination examination NN 39831 941 3 of of IN 39831 941 4 Figs Figs NNP 39831 941 5 . . . 39831 942 1 7 7 CD 39831 942 2 , , , 39831 942 3 8 8 CD 39831 942 4 , , , 39831 942 5 and and CC 39831 942 6 9 9 CD 39831 942 7 shows show VBZ 39831 942 8 that that IN 39831 942 9 the the DT 39831 942 10 place place NN 39831 942 11 of of IN 39831 942 12 origin origin NN 39831 942 13 of of IN 39831 942 14 the the DT 39831 942 15 jet jet NN 39831 942 16 is be VBZ 39831 942 17 gradually gradually RB 39831 942 18 lifted lift VBN 39831 942 19 above above IN 39831 942 20 the the DT 39831 942 21 level level NN 39831 942 22 of of IN 39831 942 23 the the DT 39831 942 24 free free JJ 39831 942 25 surface surface NN 39831 942 26 . . . 39831 943 1 That that IN 39831 943 2 the the DT 39831 943 3 jet jet NN 39831 943 4 we -PRON- PRP 39831 943 5 now now RB 39831 943 6 see see VBP 39831 943 7 should should MD 39831 943 8 be be VB 39831 943 9 directed direct VBN 39831 943 10 downwards downwards RB 39831 943 11 rather rather RB 39831 943 12 than than IN 39831 943 13 upwards upwards JJ 39831 943 14 may may MD 39831 943 15 , , , 39831 943 16 I -PRON- PRP 39831 943 17 think think VBP 39831 943 18 , , , 39831 943 19 be be VB 39831 943 20 explained explain VBN 39831 943 21 in in IN 39831 943 22 a a DT 39831 943 23 general general JJ 39831 943 24 way way NN 39831 943 25 as as IN 39831 943 26 follows:--The follows:--the JJ 39831 943 27 great great JJ 39831 943 28 initial initial JJ 39831 943 29 momentum momentum NN 39831 943 30 of of IN 39831 943 31 the the DT 39831 943 32 sphere sphere NN 39831 943 33 causes cause VBZ 39831 943 34 it -PRON- PRP 39831 943 35 to to TO 39831 943 36 continue continue VB 39831 943 37 in in IN 39831 943 38 rapid rapid JJ 39831 943 39 motion motion NN 39831 943 40 after after IN 39831 943 41 the the DT 39831 943 42 bubble bubble NN 39831 943 43 has have VBZ 39831 943 44 closed close VBN 39831 943 45 , , , 39831 943 46 thus thus RB 39831 943 47 the the DT 39831 943 48 sphere sphere NN 39831 943 49 acts act VBZ 39831 943 50 as as IN 39831 943 51 a a DT 39831 943 52 sort sort NN 39831 943 53 of of IN 39831 943 54 piston piston NN 39831 943 55 , , , 39831 943 56 which which WDT 39831 943 57 by by IN 39831 943 58 increasing increase VBG 39831 943 59 the the DT 39831 943 60 length length NN 39831 943 61 of of IN 39831 943 62 the the DT 39831 943 63 air air NN 39831 943 64 - - HYPH 39831 943 65 tube tube NN 39831 943 66 diminishes diminish VBZ 39831 943 67 the the DT 39831 943 68 pressure pressure NN 39831 943 69 in in IN 39831 943 70 it -PRON- PRP 39831 943 71 and and CC 39831 943 72 so so RB 39831 943 73 sucks suck VBZ 39831 943 74 in in IN 39831 943 75 the the DT 39831 943 76 bubble bubble NN 39831 943 77 , , , 39831 943 78 which which WDT 39831 943 79 is be VBZ 39831 943 80 driven drive VBN 39831 943 81 down down RP 39831 943 82 by by IN 39831 943 83 the the DT 39831 943 84 greater great JJR 39831 943 85 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39831 943 86 pressure pressure NN 39831 943 87 above above RB 39831 943 88 . . . 39831 944 1 The the DT 39831 944 2 converging converge VBG 39831 944 3 horizontal horizontal JJ 39831 944 4 inflow inflow NN 39831 944 5 near near IN 39831 944 6 the the DT 39831 944 7 mouth mouth NN 39831 944 8 of of IN 39831 944 9 the the DT 39831 944 10 air air NN 39831 944 11 - - HYPH 39831 944 12 tube tube NN 39831 944 13 can can MD 39831 944 14 not not RB 39831 944 15 , , , 39831 944 16 of of IN 39831 944 17 course course NN 39831 944 18 , , , 39831 944 19 produce produce VB 39831 944 20 the the DT 39831 944 21 downward downward RB 39831 944 22 - - HYPH 39831 944 23 directed direct VBN 39831 944 24 jet jet NN 39831 944 25 without without IN 39831 944 26 an an DT 39831 944 27 equal equal JJ 39831 944 28 and and CC 39831 944 29 opposite opposite JJ 39831 944 30 generation generation NN 39831 944 31 of of IN 39831 944 32 momentum momentum NN 39831 944 33 upwards upward NNS 39831 944 34 ; ; : 39831 944 35 but but CC 39831 944 36 this this DT 39831 944 37 is be VBZ 39831 944 38 now now RB 39831 944 39 expended expend VBN 39831 944 40 , , , 39831 944 41 not not RB 39831 944 42 in in IN 39831 944 43 producing produce VBG 39831 944 44 a a DT 39831 944 45 similar similar JJ 39831 944 46 upward upward JJ 39831 944 47 jet jet NN 39831 944 48 , , , 39831 944 49 but but CC 39831 944 50 in in IN 39831 944 51 balancing balance VBG 39831 944 52 the the DT 39831 944 53 excess excess NN 39831 944 54 of of IN 39831 944 55 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 39831 944 56 pressure pressure NN 39831 944 57 . . . 39831 945 1 The the DT 39831 945 2 reaction reaction NN 39831 945 3 , , , 39831 945 4 in in IN 39831 945 5 fact fact NN 39831 945 6 , , , 39831 945 7 to to IN 39831 945 8 the the DT 39831 945 9 projection projection NN 39831 945 10 of of IN 39831 945 11 the the DT 39831 945 12 jet jet NN 39831 945 13 downwards downwards RB 39831 945 14 , , , 39831 945 15 is be VBZ 39831 945 16 the the DT 39831 945 17 force force NN 39831 945 18 which which WDT 39831 945 19 holds hold VBZ 39831 945 20 up up RP 39831 945 21 and and CC 39831 945 22 slowly slowly RB 39831 945 23 raises raise VBZ 39831 945 24 the the DT 39831 945 25 roof roof NN 39831 945 26 of of IN 39831 945 27 the the DT 39831 945 28 long long JJ 39831 945 29 air air NN 39831 945 30 - - HYPH 39831 945 31 shaft shaft NN 39831 945 32 . . . 39831 946 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 946 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 946 3 : : : 39831 946 4 SERIES SERIES NNP 39831 946 5 XVII--(_continued XVII--(_continued NNP 39831 946 6 _ _ NNP 39831 946 7 ) ) -RRB- 39831 946 8 8 8 CD 39831 946 9 0·057 0â·057 NN 39831 946 10 sec sec NNP 39831 946 11 . . . 39831 947 1 9 9 CD 39831 947 2 0·063 0·063 NNP 39831 947 3 sec sec NNP 39831 947 4 . . . 39831 948 1 10 10 CD 39831 948 2 0·073 0·073 NNP 39831 948 3 sec sec NNP 39831 948 4 . . . 39831 949 1 11 11 CD 39831 949 2 0·089 0â·089 NN 39831 949 3 sec sec NNP 39831 949 4 . . . 39831 949 5 ] ] -RRB- 39831 950 1 When when WRB 39831 950 2 , , , 39831 950 3 as as IN 39831 950 4 in in IN 39831 950 5 the the DT 39831 950 6 last last JJ 39831 950 7 figure figure NN 39831 950 8 of of IN 39831 950 9 Series Series NNP 39831 950 10 VI VI NNP 39831 950 11 , , , 39831 950 12 p. p. NN 39831 950 13 85 85 CD 39831 950 14 , , , 39831 950 15 we -PRON- PRP 39831 950 16 saw see VBD 39831 950 17 the the DT 39831 950 18 upward upward RB 39831 950 19 - - HYPH 39831 950 20 directed direct VBN 39831 950 21 jet jet NN 39831 950 22 , , , 39831 950 23 then then RB 39831 950 24 also also RB 39831 950 25 there there EX 39831 950 26 must must MD 39831 950 27 have have VB 39831 950 28 been be VBN 39831 950 29 an an DT 39831 950 30 equal equal JJ 39831 950 31 and and CC 39831 950 32 opposite opposite JJ 39831 950 33 generation generation NN 39831 950 34 of of IN 39831 950 35 downward downward JJ 39831 950 36 momentum momentum NN 39831 950 37 distributed distribute VBN 39831 950 38 in in IN 39831 950 39 some some DT 39831 950 40 way way NN 39831 950 41 through through IN 39831 950 42 the the DT 39831 950 43 liquid liquid NN 39831 950 44 below below IN 39831 950 45 the the DT 39831 950 46 basin basin NN 39831 950 47 , , , 39831 950 48 of of IN 39831 950 49 which which WDT 39831 950 50 , , , 39831 950 51 however however RB 39831 950 52 , , , 39831 950 53 there there EX 39831 950 54 could could MD 39831 950 55 be be VB 39831 950 56 no no DT 39831 950 57 visible visible JJ 39831 950 58 sign sign NN 39831 950 59 . . . 39831 951 1 Hence hence RB 39831 951 2 we -PRON- PRP 39831 951 3 see see VBP 39831 951 4 that that IN 39831 951 5 the the DT 39831 951 6 present present JJ 39831 951 7 downward downward JJ 39831 951 8 jet jet NN 39831 951 9 is be VBZ 39831 951 10 , , , 39831 951 11 in in IN 39831 951 12 a a DT 39831 951 13 sense sense NN 39831 951 14 , , , 39831 951 15 not not RB 39831 951 16 a a DT 39831 951 17 new new JJ 39831 951 18 phenomenon phenomenon NN 39831 951 19 , , , 39831 951 20 but but CC 39831 951 21 one one CD 39831 951 22 which which WDT 39831 951 23 , , , 39831 951 24 having have VBG 39831 951 25 existed exist VBN 39831 951 26 unnoticed unnoticed JJ 39831 951 27 before before RB 39831 951 28 , , , 39831 951 29 is be VBZ 39831 951 30 now now RB 39831 951 31 rendered render VBN 39831 951 32 visible visible JJ 39831 951 33 to to IN 39831 951 34 us -PRON- PRP 39831 951 35 by by IN 39831 951 36 reason reason NN 39831 951 37 of of IN 39831 951 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 39831 951 39 being be VBG 39831 951 40 produced produce VBN 39831 951 41 in in IN 39831 951 42 air air NN 39831 951 43 instead instead RB 39831 951 44 of of IN 39831 951 45 in in IN 39831 951 46 water water NN 39831 951 47 . . . 39831 952 1 By by IN 39831 952 2 means mean NNS 39831 952 3 of of IN 39831 952 4 a a DT 39831 952 5 hole hole NN 39831 952 6 bored bore VBD 39831 952 7 through through IN 39831 952 8 the the DT 39831 952 9 ceiling ceiling NN 39831 952 10 of of IN 39831 952 11 the the DT 39831 952 12 dark dark JJ 39831 952 13 room room NN 39831 952 14 , , , 39831 952 15 the the DT 39831 952 16 fall fall NN 39831 952 17 was be VBD 39831 952 18 then then RB 39831 952 19 increased increase VBN 39831 952 20 to to IN 39831 952 21 281 281 CD 39831 952 22 centim centim NN 39831 952 23 . . . 39831 953 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 953 2 just just RB 39831 953 3 over over IN 39831 953 4 9 9 CD 39831 953 5 feet foot NNS 39831 953 6 ) ) -RRB- 39831 953 7 . . . 39831 954 1 The the DT 39831 954 2 very very RB 39831 954 3 beautiful beautiful JJ 39831 954 4 earlier early JJR 39831 954 5 stages stage NNS 39831 954 6 of of IN 39831 954 7 the the DT 39831 954 8 splash splash NN 39831 954 9 at at IN 39831 954 10 this this DT 39831 954 11 height height NN 39831 954 12 are be VBP 39831 954 13 shown show VBN 39831 954 14 in in IN 39831 954 15 Series Series NNP 39831 954 16 XVIII XVIII NNP 39831 954 17 . . . 39831 955 1 Fig fig NN 39831 955 2 . . . 39831 956 1 4 4 CD 39831 956 2 shows show NNS 39831 956 3 very very RB 39831 956 4 well well RB 39831 956 5 the the DT 39831 956 6 internal internal JJ 39831 956 7 splashing splashing NN 39831 956 8 at at IN 39831 956 9 the the DT 39831 956 10 top top NN 39831 956 11 of of IN 39831 956 12 the the DT 39831 956 13 air air NN 39831 956 14 - - HYPH 39831 956 15 column column NN 39831 956 16 which which WDT 39831 956 17 accompanies accompany VBZ 39831 956 18 the the DT 39831 956 19 initiation initiation NN 39831 956 20 of of IN 39831 956 21 the the DT 39831 956 22 jet jet NN 39831 956 23 . . . 39831 957 1 Some some DT 39831 957 2 later later JJ 39831 957 3 photographs photograph NNS 39831 957 4 taken take VBN 39831 957 5 at at IN 39831 957 6 this this DT 39831 957 7 height height NN 39831 957 8 ( ( -LRB- 39831 957 9 not not RB 39831 957 10 yet yet RB 39831 957 11 quite quite RB 39831 957 12 presentable presentable JJ 39831 957 13 ) ) -RRB- 39831 957 14 show show VBP 39831 957 15 the the DT 39831 957 16 jet jet NN 39831 957 17 passing pass VBG 39831 957 18 right right RB 39831 957 19 down down IN 39831 957 20 the the DT 39831 957 21 narrow narrow JJ 39831 957 22 neck neck NN 39831 957 23 of of IN 39831 957 24 air air NN 39831 957 25 - - HYPH 39831 957 26 tube tube NN 39831 957 27 and and CC 39831 957 28 probably probably RB 39831 957 29 striking strike VBG 39831 957 30 the the DT 39831 957 31 top top NN 39831 957 32 of of IN 39831 957 33 the the DT 39831 957 34 sphere sphere NN 39831 957 35 , , , 39831 957 36 the the DT 39831 957 37 descent descent NN 39831 957 38 of of IN 39831 957 39 which which WDT 39831 957 40 must must MD 39831 957 41 thus thus RB 39831 957 42 be be VB 39831 957 43 liable liable JJ 39831 957 44 to to IN 39831 957 45 a a DT 39831 957 46 curious curious JJ 39831 957 47 irregularity irregularity NN 39831 957 48 . . . 39831 958 1 A a DT 39831 958 2 further further JJ 39831 958 3 increase increase NN 39831 958 4 of of IN 39831 958 5 the the DT 39831 958 6 height height NN 39831 958 7 of of IN 39831 958 8 fall fall NN 39831 958 9 to to IN 39831 958 10 686 686 CD 39831 958 11 centim centim NN 39831 958 12 . . . 39831 959 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 959 2 22 22 CD 39831 959 3 - - SYM 39831 959 4 1/2 1/2 CD 39831 959 5 feet foot NNS 39831 959 6 ) ) -RRB- 39831 959 7 was be VBD 39831 959 8 found find VBN 39831 959 9 to to TO 39831 959 10 produce produce VB 39831 959 11 but but CC 39831 959 12 little little JJ 39831 959 13 change change NN 39831 959 14 in in IN 39831 959 15 the the DT 39831 959 16 phenomena phenomenon NNS 39831 959 17 . . . 39831 960 1 [ [ -LRB- 39831 960 2 Illustration illustration NN 39831 960 3 : : : 39831 960 4 SERIES serie NNS 39831 960 5 XVIII XVIII VBD 39831 960 6 Early early JJ 39831 960 7 stages stage NNS 39831 960 8 of of IN 39831 960 9 the the DT 39831 960 10 splash splash NN 39831 960 11 of of IN 39831 960 12 a a DT 39831 960 13 rough rough JJ 39831 960 14 sphere sphere NN 39831 960 15 ( ( -LRB- 39831 960 16 diam diam NN 39831 960 17 . . . 39831 961 1 1·5 1·5 NNP 39831 961 2 centim centim NNP 39831 961 3 . . . 39831 961 4 ) ) -RRB- 39831 962 1 falling fall VBG 39831 962 2 281 281 CD 39831 962 3 centim centim NN 39831 962 4 . . . 39831 963 1 ( ( -LRB- 39831 963 2 about about IN 39831 963 3 9 9 CD 39831 963 4 feet foot NNS 39831 963 5 ) ) -RRB- 39831 963 6 into into IN 39831 963 7 water water NN 39831 963 8 . . . 39831 964 1 1 1 CD 39831 964 2 T t NN 39831 964 3 = = SYM 39831 964 4 0 0 CD 39831 964 5 2 2 CD 39831 964 6 0·003 0â·003 NN 39831 964 7 sec sec NNP 39831 964 8 . . . 39831 965 1 3 3 CD 39831 965 2 0·005 0·005 NNP 39831 965 3 sec sec NNP 39831 965 4 . . . 39831 966 1 4 4 LS 39831 966 2 ] ] -RRB- 39831 966 3 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 39831 966 4 : : : 39831 966 5 [ [ -LRB- 39831 966 6 K k NN 39831 966 7 ] ] -RRB- 39831 966 8 I -PRON- PRP 39831 966 9 can can MD 39831 966 10 recommend recommend VB 39831 966 11 any any DT 39831 966 12 reader reader NN 39831 966 13 who who WP 39831 966 14 is be VBZ 39831 966 15 not not RB 39831 966 16 afraid afraid JJ 39831 966 17 of of IN 39831 966 18 being be VBG 39831 966 19 late late JJ 39831 966 20 for for IN 39831 966 21 breakfast breakfast NN 39831 966 22 to to TO 39831 966 23 keep keep VB 39831 966 24 a a DT 39831 966 25 bag bag NN 39831 966 26 of of IN 39831 966 27 marbles marble NNS 39831 966 28 in in IN 39831 966 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 39831 966 30 bath bath NN 39831 966 31 - - HYPH 39831 966 32 room room NN 39831 966 33 . . . 39831 967 1 PRINTED print VBN 39831 967 2 BY by IN 39831 967 3 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNPS 39831 967 4 BRENDON BRENDON NNP 39831 967 5 AND and CC 39831 967 6 SON SON NNP 39831 967 7 , , , 39831 967 8 LTD LTD NNP 39831 967 9 PLYMOUTH PLYMOUTH NNP 39831 967 10 [ [ -LRB- 39831 967 11 Transcriber Transcriber NNP 39831 967 12 's 's POS 39831 967 13 Note note NN 39831 967 14 : : : 39831 967 15 The the DT 39831 967 16 following follow VBG 39831 967 17 changes change NNS 39831 967 18 have have VBP 39831 967 19 been be VBN 39831 967 20 made make VBN 39831 967 21 to to IN 39831 967 22 the the DT 39831 967 23 original original JJ 39831 967 24 text text NN 39831 967 25 . . . 39831 968 1 Page page NN 39831 968 2 10 10 CD 39831 968 3 : : : 39831 968 4 " " `` 39831 968 5 the the DT 39831 968 6 same same JJ 39831 968 7 in in IN 39831 968 8 1 1 CD 39831 968 9 , , , 39831 968 10 3 3 CD 39831 968 11 and and CC 39831 968 12 4 4 CD 39831 968 13 " " `` 39831 968 14 changed change VBN 39831 968 15 to to IN 39831 968 16 " " `` 39831 968 17 the the DT 39831 968 18 same same JJ 39831 968 19 in in IN 39831 968 20 1 1 CD 39831 968 21 , , , 39831 968 22 2 2 CD 39831 968 23 and and CC 39831 968 24 4 4 CD 39831 968 25 " " `` 39831 968 26 Page Page NNP 39831 968 27 66 66 CD 39831 968 28 : : : 39831 968 29 " " `` 39831 968 30 ·04 ·04 NNP 39831 968 31 of of IN 39831 968 32 a a DT 39831 968 33 gram gram NN 39831 968 34 " " '' 39831 968 35 changed change VBN 39831 968 36 to to IN 39831 968 37 " " `` 39831 968 38 0·4 0â·4 NN 39831 968 39 of of IN 39831 968 40 a a DT 39831 968 41 gram gram NN 39831 968 42 " " `` 39831 968 43 Page page NN 39831 968 44 77 77 CD 39831 968 45 : : : 39831 968 46 Added add VBN 39831 968 47 full full JJ 39831 968 48 stop stop NN 39831 968 49 to to IN 39831 968 50 image image NN 39831 968 51 caption caption NN 39831 968 52 9 9 CD 39831 968 53 " " `` 39831 968 54 0·042 0·042 NNP 39831 968 55 sec sec NNP 39831 968 56 . . . 39831 968 57 " " ''