id sid tid token lemma pos 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 1 87208811 87208811 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 2 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 3 A a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 4 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 5 Moonshot moonshot NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 6 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 7 assessment assessment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 8 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 9 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 10 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 11 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 13 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 15 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 16 main main JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 17 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 18 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 19 saturation saturation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 20 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 21 transfer transfer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 22 difference difference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 23 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 24 spectroscopy spectroscopy NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 25 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 26 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 27 Anastassia Anastassia NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 28 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 29 Kantsadi1 Kantsadi1 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 31 Emma Emma NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 32 Cattermole1 Cattermole1 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 34 Minos Minos NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 35 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 36 Timotheos Timotheos NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 37 Matsoukas2 Matsoukas2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 38 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 39 Georgios Georgios NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 40 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 41 Spyroulias2 Spyroulias2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 42 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 43 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 44 Ioannis Ioannis NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 45 Vakonakis1 Vakonakis1 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 46 * * NFP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 47 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 48 1Department 1department CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 49 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 50 Biochemistry Biochemistry NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 51 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 52 University University NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 53 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 54 Oxford Oxford NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 55 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 56 South South NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 57 Parks Parks NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 58 Road Road NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 59 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 60 Oxford Oxford NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 61 OX1 OX1 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 62 3QU 3QU NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 63 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 64 United United NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 65 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 66 Kingdom Kingdom NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 67 7 7 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 68 2Department 2department CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 69 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 70 Pharmacy Pharmacy NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 71 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 72 University University NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 73 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 74 Patras Patras NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 75 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 76 Panepistimioupoli Panepistimioupoli NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 77 Campus Campus NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 78 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 79 GR-26504 GR-26504 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 80 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 81 Greece Greece NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 82 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 83 * * NFP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 84 To to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 85 whom whom WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 86 correspondence correspondence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 87 should should MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 88 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 89 addressed address VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 90 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 91 e e NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 92 - - NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 93 mail mail NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 94 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 95 ioannis.vakonakis@bioch.ox.ac.uk ioannis.vakonakis@bioch.ox.ac.uk UH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 96 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 97 Tel Tel NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 1 98 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 1 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 2 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 3 +44 +44 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 4 1865 1865 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 5 275725 275725 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 7 Fax fax NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 8 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 9 +44 +44 ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 10 1865 1865 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 11 613201 613201 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 12 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 13 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 14 Short short JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 15 title title NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 16 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 17 Assessment Assessment NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 18 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 19 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 20 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 21 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 22 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 23 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 24 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 25 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 26 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 27 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 28 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 29 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 30 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 31 Keywords Keywords NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 32 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 33 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 34 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 35 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 36 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 37 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 38 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 39 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 40 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 41 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 42 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 43 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 44 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 45 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 46 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 47 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 48 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 49 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 50 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 51 molecular molecular JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 52 13 13 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 53 dynamics dynamic NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 54 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 55 MD MD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 56 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 57 competition competition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 58 14 14 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 59 15 15 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 60 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 61 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 62 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 63 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 64 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 65 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 66 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 67 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 68 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 69 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 70 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 71 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 72 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 73 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 74 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 75 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 76 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 77 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 78 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 79 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 80 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 81 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 82 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 83 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 84 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 85 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 86 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 87 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 88 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 89 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 90 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 91 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 92 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 93 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 94 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 2 95 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 24 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 25 Abstract Abstract NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 26 16 16 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 27 Severe severe JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 28 acute acute JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 29 respiratory respiratory JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 30 syndrome syndrome NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 31 coronavirus coronaviru NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 32 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 33 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 34 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 35 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 36 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 37 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 38 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 39 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 40 etiological etiological JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 41 cause cause NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 42 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 43 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 44 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 45 coronavirus coronavirus NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 46 disease disease NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 47 2019 2019 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 48 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 49 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 50 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 51 no no DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 52 effective effective JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 53 therapeutics therapeutic NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 54 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 55 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 3 56 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 2 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 4 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 5 main main JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 6 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 7 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 9 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 10 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 11 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 12 essential essential JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 13 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 14 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 15 replication replication NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 16 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 17 constitutes constitute VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 18 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 19 promising promising JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 20 therapeutic therapeutic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 21 target target NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 4 22 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 1 Many many JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 2 19 19 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 3 efforts effort NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 4 aimed aim VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 5 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 6 deriving derive VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 7 effective effective JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 8 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 9 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 10 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 11 currently currently RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 12 underway underway JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 14 including include VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 15 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 16 international international JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 17 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 18 open open JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 19 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 20 science science NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 21 discovery discovery NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 22 project project NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 24 codenamed codenamed NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 25 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 26 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 5 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 1 As as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 2 part part NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 4 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 5 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 7 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 8 used use VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 9 21 21 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 10 saturation saturation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 11 transfer transfer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 12 difference difference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 13 nuclear nuclear JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 14 magnetic magnetic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 15 resonance resonance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 16 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 17 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 18 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 19 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 20 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 21 spectroscopy spectroscopy VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 22 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 23 assess assess VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 25 22 22 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 26 binding binding NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 27 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 28 putative putative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 29 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 30 ligands ligand VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 31 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 32 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 33 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 34 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 35 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 36 including include VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 37 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 38 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 39 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 40 23 23 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 41 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 42 fragment fragment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 43 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 44 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 45 novel novel JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 46 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 47 designed design VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 48 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 49 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 50 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 6 51 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 2 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 3 24 24 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 4 manner manner NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 6 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 7 aimed aim VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 8 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 9 complement complement VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 10 enzymatic enzymatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 11 activity activity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 12 assays assays RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 14 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 15 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 16 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 17 other other JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 18 groups group NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 19 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 20 25 25 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 21 information information NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 22 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 23 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 24 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 7 25 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 1 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 2 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 5 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 6 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 7 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 8 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 9 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 10 publicly publicly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 11 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 8 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 1 Here here RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 3 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 4 26 26 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 5 provide provide VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 6 detailed detailed JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 7 information information NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 8 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 10 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 11 protocols protocol NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 12 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 13 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 14 challenges challenge NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 15 faced face VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 17 thereby thereby RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 18 placing place VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 19 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 20 27 27 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 21 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 22 into into IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 23 context context NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 9 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 2 goal goal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 3 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 4 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 5 assist assist VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 7 interpretation interpretation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 8 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 9 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 10 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 12 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 13 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 15 thereby thereby RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 16 accelerating accelerate VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 17 28 28 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 18 ongoing ongoing JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 19 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 20 design design NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 21 efforts effort NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 10 22 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 1 29 29 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 2 30 30 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 3 31 31 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 4 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 5 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 6 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 7 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 8 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 9 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 10 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 12 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 13 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 14 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 15 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 16 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 17 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 18 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 19 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 20 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 21 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 23 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 24 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 25 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 27 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 28 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 29 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 30 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 31 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 32 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 33 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 34 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 36 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 37 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 38 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 11 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 21 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 24 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 25 Introduction introduction NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 26 32 32 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 27 Infections Infections NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 28 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 29 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 30 severe severe JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 31 acute acute JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 32 respiratory respiratory JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 33 syndrome syndrome NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 34 coronavirus coronaviru NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 35 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 36 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 37 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 38 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 39 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 40 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 41 resulted result VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 42 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 43 33 33 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 44 approximately approximately RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 45 1.8 1.8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 46 million million CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 47 deaths death NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 48 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 49 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 50 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 51 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 52 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 53 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 54 led lead VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 55 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 56 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 57 coronavirus coronavirus NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 58 2019 2019 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 59 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 60 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 61 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 62 pandemic pandemic NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 63 34 34 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 64 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 65 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 66 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 67 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 68 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 12 69 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 1 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 3 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 4 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 5 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 6 zoonotic zoonotic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 7 betacoronavirus betacoronavirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 8 highly highly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 9 similar similar JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 10 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 11 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 12 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 13 CoV CoV NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 14 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 15 MERS MERS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 16 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 17 CoV CoV NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 19 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 20 35 35 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 21 caused cause VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 22 outbreaks outbreak NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 23 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 24 2002 2002 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 25 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 26 2012 2012 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 28 respectively respectively RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 30 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 31 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 32 7 7 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 33 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 13 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 1 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 3 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 4 encodes encode VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 6 proteome proteome NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 7 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 8 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 9 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 11 36 36 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 12 positive positive JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 14 sense sense NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 16 linear linear JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 17 RNA RNA NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 18 molecule molecule NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 19 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 20 ~30 ~30 . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 21 kb kb NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 22 length length NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 25 majority majority NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 26 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 27 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 28 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 29 ~21.5 ~21.5 NFP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 30 kb kb NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 31 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 32 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 33 translated translate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 34 37 37 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 35 into into IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 36 two two CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 37 polypeptides polypeptide NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 38 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 39 pp1a pp1a NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 40 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 41 pp1ab pp1ab NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 42 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 43 via via IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 44 ribosomal ribosomal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 45 frame frame NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 46 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 47 shifting shifting NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 48 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 49 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 50 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 51 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 52 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 14 53 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 1 Key key JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 2 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 3 enzymes enzyme NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 4 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 5 38 38 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 6 factors factor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 8 including include VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 9 most most JJS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 10 proteins protein NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 13 reverse reverse JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 15 transcriptase transcriptase NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 16 machinery machinery NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 18 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 19 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 20 host host NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 21 translation translation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 22 39 39 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 23 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 24 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 25 signalling signal VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 26 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 27 host host NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 28 cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 29 survival survival NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 31 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 32 released release VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 33 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 34 pp1a pp1a NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 35 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 36 pp1ab pp1ab NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 37 via via IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 38 post-40 post-40 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 39 translational translational JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 40 cleavage cleavage NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 41 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 42 two two CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 43 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 44 cysteine cysteine NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 45 proteases protease NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 46 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 47 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 48 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 15 49 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 1 These these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 2 proteases protease NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 4 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 5 papain papain NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 7 like like JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 8 enzyme enzyme NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 9 41 41 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 10 cleaving cleave VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 11 pp1ab pp1ab NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 12 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 13 three three CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 14 sites site NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 16 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 17 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 18 3C 3c NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 19 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 20 like like JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 21 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 22 cleaving cleave VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 23 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 24 polypeptide polypeptide NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 25 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 26 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 27 sites site NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 28 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 29 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 30 primary primary JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 31 42 42 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 32 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 33 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 35 development development NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 36 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 37 antiviral antiviral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 38 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 16 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 1 43 43 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 2 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 3 3C 3c NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 5 like like JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 6 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 8 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 10 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 12 also also RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 13 known know VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 14 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 15 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 16 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 17 main main JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 18 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 19 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 20 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 21 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 23 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 24 been be VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 26 44 44 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 27 target target NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 28 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 29 intense intense JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 30 study study NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 31 owing owe VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 32 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 34 centrality centrality NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 35 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 36 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 37 replication replication NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 17 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 1 Mpro mpro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 2 studies study NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 3 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 4 benefited benefit VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 5 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 6 45 45 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 7 previous previous JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 8 structural structural JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 9 analyses analysis NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 10 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 12 SARC SARC NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 14 CoV CoV NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 15 3C 3c NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 16 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 17 like like JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 18 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 21 earlier early JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 22 development development NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 23 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 24 46 46 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 25 putative putative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 26 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 27 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 28 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 29 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 30 14 14 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 31 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 18 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 2 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 3 sites site NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 5 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 6 proteases protease NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 7 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 8 highly highly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 9 conserved conserve VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 11 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 12 47 47 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 13 peptidomimetic peptidomimetic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 14 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 15 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 16 against against IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 17 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 18 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 19 also also RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 20 potent potent JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 21 against against IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 23 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 24 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 25 CoV CoV NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 26 3C 3c NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 27 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 28 like like JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 29 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 30 48 48 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 31 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 32 15 15 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 34 16 16 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 35 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 19 36 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 1 However however RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 3 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 4 date date NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 5 no no DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 6 Mpro mpro NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 7 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 8 targeting target VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 9 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 10 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 11 been be VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 12 validated validate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 13 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 14 clinical clinical JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 15 trials trial NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 20 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 2 order order NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 3 49 49 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 4 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 5 accelerate accelerate VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 6 Mpro mpro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 7 inhibitor inhibitor NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 8 development development NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 10 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 11 international international JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 13 crowd crowd NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 15 funded fund VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 17 open open JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 18 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 19 science science NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 20 project project NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 21 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 22 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 23 formed form VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 24 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 26 banner banner NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 27 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 28 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 29 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 30 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 31 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 32 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 34 combining combine VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 35 high high JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 36 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 37 throughput throughput NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 38 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 39 51 51 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 40 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 41 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 42 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 43 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 44 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 45 computational computational JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 46 chemistry chemistry NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 47 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 48 enzymatic enzymatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 49 activity activity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 50 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 51 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 52 mass mass JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 53 spectroscopy spectroscopy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 54 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 55 19 19 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 56 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 57 52 52 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 58 among among IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 59 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 60 many many JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 61 methodologies methodology NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 62 contributed contribute VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 63 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 64 collaborating collaborate VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 65 groups group NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 21 66 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 1 53 53 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 2 As as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 3 part part NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 5 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 6 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 8 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 9 utilised utilise VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 10 saturation saturation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 11 transfer transfer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 12 difference difference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 13 nuclear nuclear NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 14 magnetic magnetic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 15 54 54 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 16 resonance resonance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 17 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 18 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 19 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 20 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 21 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 22 spectroscopy spectroscopy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 23 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 24 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 25 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 26 22 22 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 27 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 28 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 29 investigate investigate VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 30 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 31 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 32 binding binding NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 33 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 34 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 35 initially initially RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 36 55 55 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 37 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 38 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 39 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 40 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 41 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 42 as as RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 43 well well RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 44 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 45 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 46 designed design VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 47 specifically specifically RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 48 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 49 non non JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 50 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 51 covalent covalent JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 52 56 56 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 53 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 54 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 55 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 56 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 22 57 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 2 goal goal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 3 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 4 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 5 provide provide VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 6 orthogonal orthogonal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 7 information information NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 8 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 9 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 10 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 11 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 12 that that DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 13 57 57 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 14 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 15 could could MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 16 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 17 gained gain VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 18 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 19 enzymatic enzymatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 20 activity activity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 21 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 22 conducted conduct VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 23 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 24 parallel parallel NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 25 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 26 other other JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 27 groups group NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 23 28 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 1 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 3 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 4 58 58 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 5 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 7 proven prove VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 8 method method NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 10 characterising characterise VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 12 binding binding NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 14 small small JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 15 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 16 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 17 biological biological JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 18 macromolecules macromolecule NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 20 59 59 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 21 able able JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 22 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 23 provide provide VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 24 both both DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 25 quantitative quantitative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 26 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 27 information information NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 28 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 29 structural structural JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 30 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 31 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 32 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 33 proximity proximity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 34 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 35 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 36 60 60 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 37 chemical chemical NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 38 groups group NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 39 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 40 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 41 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 24 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 1 Here here RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 3 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 4 provide provide VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 5 detailed detailed JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 6 documentation documentation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 7 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 9 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 10 protocols protocol NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 11 61 61 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 12 used use VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 13 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 14 record record VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 15 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 16 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 17 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 18 highlight highlight VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 19 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 20 advantages advantage NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 22 limitations limitation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 23 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 24 assumptions assumption NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 25 underpinning underpin VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 26 62 62 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 27 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 28 approach approach NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 25 29 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 2 aim aim NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 3 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 4 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 5 assist assist VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 7 comparison comparison NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 8 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 9 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 10 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 12 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 13 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 14 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 15 other other JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 16 quantitative quantitative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 17 63 63 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 18 measurements measurement NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 20 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 21 facilitate facilitate VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 23 consideration consideration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 24 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 25 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 26 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 27 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 28 designing design VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 29 future future JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 30 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 31 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 26 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 1 64 64 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 2 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 3 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 4 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 5 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 6 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 7 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 8 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 9 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 10 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 11 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 12 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 13 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 14 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 15 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 16 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 17 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 18 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 19 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 21 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 22 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 23 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 25 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 26 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 27 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 28 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 29 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 30 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 31 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 32 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 33 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 34 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 35 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 36 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 27 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 24 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 25 Materials Materials NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 26 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 27 Methods method NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 28 65 65 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 29 Protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 30 production production NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 31 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 32 purification purification NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 33 66 66 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 34 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 35 created create VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 36 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 37 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 38 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 39 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 40 Mpro mpro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 41 genetic genetic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 42 construct construct NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 43 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 44 pFLOAT pfloat JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 45 vector vector NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 46 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 47 23 23 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 48 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 49 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 50 encoding encode VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 51 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 52 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 53 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 54 67 67 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 55 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 56 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 57 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 58 N N NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 59 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 60 terminal terminal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 61 His6-tag His6-tag NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 62 separated separate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 63 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 64 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 65 modified modify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 66 human human NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 67 rhinovirus rhinovirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 68 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 69 HRV HRV NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 70 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 71 3C 3c NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 72 protease protease VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 73 68 68 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 74 recognition recognition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 75 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 76 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 77 designed design VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 78 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 79 reconstitute reconstitute VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 80 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 81 native native JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 82 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 83 N N NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 84 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 85 terminus terminus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 86 upon upon IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 87 HRV HRV NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 88 3C 3c NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 89 cleavage cleavage NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 28 90 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 2 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 3 69 69 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 4 construct construct NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 5 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 6 transformed transform VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 7 into into IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 8 Escherichia Escherichia NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 9 coli coli NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 10 strain strain VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 11 Rosetta(DE3 rosetta(de3 ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 12 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 13 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 14 Novagen Novagen NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 15 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 16 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 17 transformed transform VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 18 70 70 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 19 clones clone NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 20 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 21 pre pre VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 22 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 23 cultured cultured JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 24 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 25 37 37 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 26 ° ° , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 27 C C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 28 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 29 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 30 h h NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 31 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 32 lysogeny lysogeny JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 33 broth broth NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 34 supplemented supplement VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 35 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 36 appropriate appropriate JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 37 71 71 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 38 antibiotics antibiotic NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 29 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 1 Starter starter NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 2 cultures culture NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 3 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 4 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 5 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 6 inoculate inoculate VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 7 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 8 L l NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 10 Terrific Terrific NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 11 Broth Broth NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 12 Autoinduction Autoinduction NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 13 Media Media NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 14 72 72 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 15 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 16 Formedium Formedium NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 17 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 18 supplemented supplement VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 19 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 20 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 21 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 22 v v NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 23 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 24 v v NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 25 glycerol glycerol NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 26 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 27 appropriate appropriate JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 28 antibiotics antibiotic NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 30 29 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 1 Cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 2 cultures culture NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 3 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 4 73 73 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 5 grown grow VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 6 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 7 37 37 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 8 ° ° , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 9 C C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 10 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 11 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 12 h h NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 13 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 14 then then RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 15 cooled cool VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 16 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 17 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 18 ° ° , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 19 C C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 20 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 21 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 22 h. h. NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 23 Bacterial bacterial JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 24 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 25 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 26 harvested harvest VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 27 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 28 74 74 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 29 centrifugation centrifugation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 30 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 31 5,000 5,000 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 32 x x SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 33 g g NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 34 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 35 15 15 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 36 min min NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 31 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 1 75 75 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 2 Cell Cell NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 3 pellets pellet NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 4 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 5 resuspended resuspend VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 6 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 7 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 8 mM mm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 9 trisaminomethane trisaminomethane NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 10 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 11 Tris)-Cl Tris)-Cl NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 12 pH pH NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 13 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 15 300 300 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 16 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 17 NaCl NaCl NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 19 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 20 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 21 76 76 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 22 imidazole imidazole NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 23 buffer buffer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 25 incubated incubate VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 26 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 27 0.05 0.05 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 28 mg mg NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 29 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 30 ml ml NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 31 benzonase benzonase NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 32 nuclease nuclease NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 33 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 34 Sigma Sigma NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 35 Aldrich Aldrich NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 36 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 37 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 38 lysed lyse VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 39 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 40 77 77 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 41 sonication sonication NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 42 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 43 ice ice NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 32 44 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 1 Lysates lysate NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 2 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 3 clarified clarify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 4 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 5 centrifugation centrifugation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 6 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 7 50,000 50,000 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 8 x x SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 9 g g NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 10 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 11 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 12 ° ° , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 13 C C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 14 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 15 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 16 h. h. NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 17 Lysate Lysate NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 18 78 78 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 19 supernatants supernatant NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 20 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 21 loaded load VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 22 onto onto IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 23 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 24 HiTrap HiTrap NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 25 Talon Talon NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 26 metal metal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 27 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 28 column column NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 30 GE GE NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 31 Healthcare Healthcare NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 32 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 33 pre-79 pre-79 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 34 equilibrated equilibrate VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 35 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 36 lysis lysis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 37 buffer buffer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 33 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 1 Column column NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 2 wash wash NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 3 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 4 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 5 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 6 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 7 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 8 Tris Tris NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 10 Cl Cl NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 11 pH pH NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 12 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 14 300 300 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 15 mM mm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 16 NaCl NaCl NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 17 80 80 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 18 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 19 25 25 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 20 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 21 imidazole imidazole NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 23 followed follow VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 24 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 25 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 26 elution elution NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 27 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 28 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 29 same same JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 30 buffer buffer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 31 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 32 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 33 imidazole imidazole NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 34 gradient gradient NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 35 81 81 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 36 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 37 25 25 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 38 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 39 500 500 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 40 mM mm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 41 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 34 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 2 His6-tag His6-tag NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 3 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 4 cleaved cleave VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 5 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 6 home home NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 7 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 8 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 9 HRV HRV NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 10 3C 3c NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 11 protease protease VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 35 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 2 82 82 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 3 HRV HRV NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 4 3C 3c NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 5 protease protease VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 7 His6-tag His6-tag NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 9 further further JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 10 impurities impurity NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 11 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 12 removed remove VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 14 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 15 reverse reverse JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 16 HiTrap HiTrap NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 17 Talon Talon NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 18 column column NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 36 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 1 83 83 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 2 Flow flow NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 4 through through RP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 5 fractions fraction NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 6 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 7 concentrated concentrate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 9 applied apply VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 10 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 12 Superdex75 Superdex75 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 13 26/600 26/600 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 14 size size NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 15 exclusion exclusion NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 16 84 84 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 17 column column NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 18 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 19 GE GE NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 20 Healthcare Healthcare NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 21 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 22 equilibrated equilibrate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 23 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 24 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 25 buffer buffer NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 26 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 27 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 28 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 29 NaCl NaCl NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 31 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 32 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 33 Na2HPO4 Na2HPO4 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 34 pH pH NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 35 7.4 7.4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 36 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 37 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 1 85 85 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 2 86 86 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 3 Nuclear nuclear JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 4 magnetic magnetic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 5 resonance resonance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 6 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 7 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 8 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 9 spectroscopy spectroscopy VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 10 87 87 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 11 All all DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 12 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 13 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 14 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 15 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 16 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 17 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 18 950 950 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 19 MHz MHz NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 20 solution solution NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 21 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 22 state state NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 23 instrument instrument NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 24 comprising comprise VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 25 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 26 88 88 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 27 Oxford Oxford NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 28 Instruments Instruments NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 29 superconducting superconducte VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 30 magnet magnet NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 31 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 32 Bruker Bruker NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 33 Avance Avance NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 34 III iii CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 35 console console NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 36 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 37 TCI TCI NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 38 probehead probehead NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 38 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 1 A a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 2 Bruker Bruker NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 3 89 89 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 4 SampleJet SampleJet NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 5 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 6 changer changer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 7 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 8 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 10 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 11 manipulation manipulation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 39 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 1 Experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 2 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 3 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 4 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 5 90 90 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 6 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 7 processed process VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 8 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 9 TopSpin TopSpin NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 10 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 11 Bruker Bruker NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 12 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 40 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 1 For for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 2 direct direct JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 3 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 5 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 6 measurements measurement NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 8 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 9 comprised comprise VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 10 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 11 91 91 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 12 μM μM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 13 Mpro mpro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 14 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 15 variable variable JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 16 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 17 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 18 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 19 μM μm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 20 – – : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 21 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 22 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 23 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 24 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 25 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 26 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 27 formulated formulate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 28 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 29 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 30 92 92 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 31 buffer buffer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 32 supplemented supplement VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 33 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 34 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 35 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 36 v v NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 37 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 38 v v NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 39 D2O d2o NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 40 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 41 deuterated deuterated JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 42 dimethyl dimethyl NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 43 sulfoxide sulfoxide NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 44 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 45 D6-DMSO d6-dmso UH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 46 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 47 99.96 99.96 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 48 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 49 D d NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 50 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 51 93 93 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 52 Sigma Sigma NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 53 Aldrich Aldrich NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 54 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 55 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 56 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 57 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 58 v v NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 59 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 60 v v NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 61 final final JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 62 D6-DMSO D6-DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 63 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 41 64 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 2 competition competition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 3 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 5 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 6 94 94 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 7 comprised comprise VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 8 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 9 μM μM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 10 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 12 0.8 0.8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 13 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 15 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 16 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 17 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 18 variable variable JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 19 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 20 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 21 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 22 – – : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 23 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 24 μM μM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 25 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 26 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 27 competing compete VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 28 95 95 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 29 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 30 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 31 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 32 buffer buffer NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 33 supplemented supplement VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 34 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 35 D2O d2o NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 36 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 37 D6-DMSO D6-DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 38 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 39 above above RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 42 40 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 1 Sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 2 volume volume NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 3 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 4 140 140 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 5 96 96 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 6 .CC .cc CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 7 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 8 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 9 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 10 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 11 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 12 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 13 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 14 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 15 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 16 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 17 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 18 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 19 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 20 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 21 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 22 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 23 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 25 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 26 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 27 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 28 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 29 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 30 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 31 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 32 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 33 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 34 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 35 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 36 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 37 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 38 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 39 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 40 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 43 41 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 24 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 25 μL μL NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 26 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 27 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 28 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 29 loaded load VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 30 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 31 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 32 mm mm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 33 outer outer JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 34 diameter diameter NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 35 SampleJet SampleJet NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 36 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 37 tubes tube NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 38 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 39 Bruker Bruker NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 40 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 41 placed place VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 42 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 43 96 96 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 44 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 45 97 97 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 46 tube tube NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 47 racks rack NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 44 48 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 45 1 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 45 2 tubes tube NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 45 3 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 45 4 sealed seal VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 45 5 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 45 6 POM POM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 45 7 balls ball NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 45 8 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 1 98 98 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 2 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 4 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 5 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 6 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 7 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 8 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 9 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 10 oC oC NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 11 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 12 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 13 pulse pulse NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 14 sequence sequence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 15 described describe VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 16 previously previously RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 17 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 18 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 19 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 20 99 99 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 21 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 22 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 23 excitation excitation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 24 sculpting sculpt VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 25 water water NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 26 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 27 suppression suppression NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 28 scheme scheme NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 30 24 24 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 31 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 46 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 1 Protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 2 signals signal NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 3 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 4 suppressed suppress VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 5 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 6 STD-100 std-100 JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 7 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 8 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 10 application application NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 12 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 13 30 30 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 14 msec msec NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 15 spin spin NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 16 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 17 lock lock NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 18 pulse pulse NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 47 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 1 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 2 collected collect VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 3 time time NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 5 domain domain NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 6 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 8 16,384 16,384 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 9 101 101 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 10 complex complex JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 11 points point NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 12 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 13 41.6 41.6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 14 μsec μsec NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 15 dwell dwell NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 16 time time NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 17 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 18 12.02 12.02 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 19 kHz kHz NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 20 sweepwidth sweepwidth NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 21 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 48 22 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 1 Data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 2 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 3 collected collect VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 4 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 5 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 6 102 102 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 7 interleaved interleaved JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 8 pattern pattern NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 10 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 11 on- on- NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 12 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 13 off off IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 15 resonance resonance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 16 irradiation irradiation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 17 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 18 separated separate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 19 into into IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 20 16 16 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 21 blocks block NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 22 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 23 16 16 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 24 103 103 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 25 transients transient NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 26 each each DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 27 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 28 256 256 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 29 total total JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 30 transients transient NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 31 per per IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 32 irradiation irradiation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 33 frequency frequency NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 34 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 49 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 1 Transient transient JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 2 recycle recycle NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 3 delay delay NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 4 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 5 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 6 sec sec NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 7 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 8 104 104 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 9 on- on- NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 10 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 11 off off IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 12 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 13 resonance resonance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 14 irradiation irradiation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 15 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 16 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 17 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 18 0.1 0.1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 19 mW mW NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 20 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 21 power power NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 22 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 23 3.5 3.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 24 sec sec NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 25 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 26 0.5 0.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 27 ppm ppm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 28 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 29 26 26 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 30 105 105 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 31 ppm ppm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 32 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 33 respectively respectively RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 35 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 36 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 37 total total JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 38 experiment experiment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 39 time time NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 40 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 41 approximately approximately RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 42 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 43 minutes minute NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 50 44 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 1 Reconstructed reconstruct VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 2 time-106 time-106 JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 3 domain domain NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 4 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 5 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 7 difference difference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 8 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 9 on- on- NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 10 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 11 off off IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 12 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 13 resonance resonance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 14 irradiation irradiation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 15 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 16 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 17 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 18 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 19 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 20 only only RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 22 off-107 off-107 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 23 resonance resonance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 24 irradiation irradiation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 25 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 26 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 27 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 28 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 29 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 30 processed process VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 31 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 32 applying apply VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 33 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 34 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 35 Hz Hz NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 36 exponential exponential JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 37 line line NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 38 108 108 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 39 broadening broadening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 40 function function NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 41 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 42 2-fold 2-fold CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 43 zero zero CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 44 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 45 filling filling NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 46 prior prior RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 47 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 48 Fourier Fourier NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 49 transformation transformation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 51 50 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 1 Phasing phase VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 2 parameters parameter NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 3 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 4 109 109 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 5 derived derive VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 6 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 7 each each DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 8 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 9 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 11 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 12 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 13 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 14 copied copy VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 15 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 17 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 18 spectra spectra NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 52 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 1 1H 1H NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 2 peak peak NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 3 110 110 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 4 intensities intensity NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 5 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 6 integrated integrate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 7 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 8 TopSpin TopSpin NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 9 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 10 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 11 local local JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 12 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 13 baseline baseline NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 14 adjustment adjustment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 15 function function NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 53 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 1 Data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 2 fitting fitting JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 3 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 4 111 111 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 5 extract extract NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 6 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 7 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 8 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 9 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 10 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 11 OriginPro OriginPro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 12 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 13 OriginLab OriginLab NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 14 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 54 15 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 2 folded fold VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 3 state state NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 5 M m NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 6 pro pro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 7 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 9 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 10 112 112 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 12 each each DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 13 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 14 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 15 verified verify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 16 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 17 collecting collect VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 18 1H 1h JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 19 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 20 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 21 similar similar JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 22 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 23 Fig Fig NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 55 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 1 1A 1a CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 2 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 3 all all DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 4 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 5 ahead ahead RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 7 113 113 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 8 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 10 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 11 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 56 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 1 114 114 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 2 115 115 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 3 Ligand Ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 4 handling handle VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 5 116 116 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 6 Compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 9 initial initial JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 10 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 12 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 13 assessment assessment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 15 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 16 fragment fragment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 17 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 18 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 19 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 20 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 21 117 117 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 22 provided provide VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 23 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 25 XChem XChem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 26 group group NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 27 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 28 Diamond Diamond NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 29 Light Light NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 30 Source Source NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 31 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 32 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 33 form form NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 34 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 35 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 36 384-well 384-well CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 37 plated plate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 38 library library NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 39 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 40 DSI-118 dsi-118 PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 41 poised poise VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 42 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 43 Enamine Enamine NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 44 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 45 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 46 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 47 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 48 dissolved dissolve VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 49 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 50 D6-DMSO D6-DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 51 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 52 500 500 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 53 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 54 nominal nominal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 55 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 57 56 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 1 1 1 LS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 2 μL μL NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 4 119 119 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 5 dissolved dissolve VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 6 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 7 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 8 aspirated aspirate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 9 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 10 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 11 library library NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 12 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 13 immediately immediately RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 14 mixed mix VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 15 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 16 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 17 μL μl NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 18 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 19 D6-DMSO D6-DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 20 120 120 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 21 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 22 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 23 final final JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 24 fragment fragment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 25 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 26 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 27 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 28 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 30 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 31 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 32 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 33 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 34 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 35 formulated formulate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 58 36 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 1 For for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 2 121 121 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 3 titrations titration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 6 same same JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 7 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 8 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 9 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 10 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 11 procured procure VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 12 directly directly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 13 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 14 Enamine Enamine NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 15 122 122 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 16 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 17 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 18 form form NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 19 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 20 lyophilized lyophilized JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 21 powder powder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 23 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 24 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 25 dissolved dissolve VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 26 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 27 D6-DMSO D6-DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 28 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 29 derive derive VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 30 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 31 stocks stock NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 32 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 33 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 34 123 123 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 35 mM mm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 36 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 37 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 38 mM mm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 39 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 40 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 41 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 42 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 43 formulation formulation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 59 44 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 1 124 124 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 2 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 4 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 5 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 7 bespoke bespoke NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 8 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 9 ligands ligand VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 10 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 11 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 12 commercially commercially RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 13 synthesised synthesise VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 14 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 15 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 16 125 125 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 17 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 60 18 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 1 These these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 2 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 3 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 4 provided provide VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 5 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 6 us -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 7 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 9 XChem XChem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 10 group group NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 11 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 12 96-well 96-well CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 13 plates plate NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 15 containing contain VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 16 0.7 0.7 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 17 126 126 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 18 μL μL NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 19 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 20 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 21 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 22 D6-DMSO D6-DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 23 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 24 disolved disolve VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 25 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 26 per per IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 27 well well RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 61 28 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 1 Plates plate NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 2 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 3 created create VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 4 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 5 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 6 Echo Echo NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 7 liquid liquid NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 8 127 127 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 9 handling handling NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 10 robot robot NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 11 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 12 Labcyte Labcyte NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 13 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 14 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 15 immediately immediately RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 16 sealed seal VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 17 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 18 frozen freeze VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 19 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 20 -20 -20 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 62 21 oC. oC. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 1 For for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 2 use use NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 4 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 5 plates plate NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 6 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 7 128 128 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 8 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 9 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 10 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 11 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 12 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 13 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 14 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 15 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 16 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 17 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 18 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 19 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 20 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 21 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 22 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 23 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 24 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 25 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 26 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 27 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 28 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 29 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 31 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 32 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 33 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 34 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 35 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 36 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 37 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 38 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 39 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 40 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 41 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 42 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 63 43 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 21 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 24 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 25 thoroughly thoroughly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 26 defrosted defrost VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 27 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 28 room room NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 29 temperature temperature NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 30 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 31 spun spin VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 32 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 33 3,500 3,500 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 34 g g NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 35 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 36 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 37 minutes minute NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 64 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 2 single-129 single-129 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 3 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 4 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 5 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 6 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 7 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 9 140 140 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 10 μL μL NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 12 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 13 pre pre JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 14 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 15 formulated formulated JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 16 mixture mixture NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 17 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 18 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 20 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 21 buffer buffer NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 22 130 130 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 23 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 24 D2O d2o NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 25 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 26 D6-DMSO D6-DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 27 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 28 added add VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 29 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 30 each each DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 31 well well NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 32 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 33 create create VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 35 final final JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 36 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 37 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 65 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 1 For for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 2 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 4 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 5 131 131 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 6 competition competition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 7 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 9 0.5 0.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 10 μL μl NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 12 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 13 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 14 aspirated aspirate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 15 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 17 plates plate NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 18 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 19 immediately immediately RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 20 mixed mix VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 21 132 132 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 22 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 23 19.5 19.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 24 μL μL NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 25 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 26 D6-DMSO D6-DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 27 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 28 final final JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 29 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 30 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 31 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 32 0.5 0.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 33 mM mm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 34 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 35 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 36 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 37 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 38 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 39 133 133 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 40 formulated formulate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 66 41 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 1 134 134 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 2 135 135 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 3 Molecular Molecular NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 4 dynamics dynamic NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 5 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 6 MD MD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 7 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 8 simulations simulation VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 9 136 136 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 10 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 11 monomeric monomeric JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 12 complexes complex NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 14 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 15 bound bind VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 16 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 17 chemical chemical NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 18 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 19 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 20 obtained obtain VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 21 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 23 RCSB RCSB NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 24 137 137 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 25 Protein Protein NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 26 Data Data NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 27 Bank Bank NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 28 entries entrie VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 29 5R81 5r81 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 30 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 31 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 32 x0195 x0195 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 33 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 35 5REB 5REB NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 36 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 37 x0387 x0387 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 38 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 39 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 40 5RGI 5RGI NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 41 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 42 x0397 x0397 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 43 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 44 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 45 5RGK 5RGK NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 46 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 47 x0426 x0426 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 48 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 49 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 50 5R83 5r83 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 51 138 138 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 52 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 53 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 54 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 55 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 56 5REH 5REH NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 57 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 58 x0540 x0540 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 59 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 60 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 61 MD MD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 62 simulations simulation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 63 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 64 GROMACS GROMACS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 65 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 66 2018 2018 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 67 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 68 25 25 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 69 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 70 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 71 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 72 139 139 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 73 AMBER99SB AMBER99SB NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 74 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 75 ILDN ILDN NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 76 force force NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 77 field field NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 78 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 79 26 26 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 80 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 67 81 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 1 All all DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 2 complexes complex NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 3 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 4 inserted insert VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 5 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 7 pre pre JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 8 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 9 equilibrated equilibrated JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 10 box box NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 11 containing contain VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 12 140 140 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 13 water water NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 14 implemented implement VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 15 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 17 TIP3P TIP3P NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 18 water water NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 19 model model NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 20 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 21 26 26 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 22 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 68 23 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 1 Force force NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 2 field field NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 3 parameters parameter NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 4 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 6 six six CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 7 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 8 141 141 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 9 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 10 generated generate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 11 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 13 general general JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 14 Amber Amber NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 15 force force NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 16 field field NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 17 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 18 HF/6 HF/6 NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 19 – – : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 20 31 31 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 21 G g NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 22 * * NFP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 23 – – : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 24 derived derive VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 25 RESP RESP NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 26 atomic atomic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 27 charges charge NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 28 142 142 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 30 27 27 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 31 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 69 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 2 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 3 system system NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 4 consisted consist VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 7 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 10 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 12 ~31,400 ~31,400 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 13 water water NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 14 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 16 95 95 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 17 Na Na NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 18 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 19 143 143 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 20 95 95 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 21 Cl Cl NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 22 ions ion NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 23 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 24 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 25 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 26 x x SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 27 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 28 x x SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 29 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 30 Å å JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 31 simulation simulation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 32 box box NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 34 resulting result VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 35 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 36 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 37 total total JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 38 number number NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 39 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 40 ~98,000 ~98,000 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 41 atoms atom NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 70 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 1 Each each DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 2 144 144 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 3 system system NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 4 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 5 energy energy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 7 minimized minimize VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 9 subsequently subsequently RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 10 subjected subject VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 11 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 12 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 13 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 14 ns ns IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 15 MD MD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 16 equilibration equilibration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 18 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 19 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 20 145 145 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 21 isothermal isothermal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 22 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 23 isobaric isobaric JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 24 ensemble ensemble JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 25 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 26 isotropic isotropic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 27 pressure pressure NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 28 control control NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 30 28 28 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 31 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 32 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 33 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 34 positional positional JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 35 restraints restraint NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 36 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 37 146 146 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 38 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 39 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 40 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 41 coordinates coordinate NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 71 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 2 resulting result VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 3 equilibrated equilibrate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 4 systems system NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 5 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 6 replicated replicate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 7 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 8 times time NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 9 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 10 147 147 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 11 independent independent JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 12 200 200 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 13 ns ns IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 14 MD MD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 15 trajectories trajectory NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 16 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 17 produced produce VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 18 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 19 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 20 time time NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 21 step step NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 22 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 23 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 24 fs f NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 26 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 27 constant constant JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 28 temperature temperature NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 29 148 148 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 30 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 31 300 300 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 32 K K NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 34 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 35 separate separate JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 36 v v NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 37 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 38 rescale rescale NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 39 thermostats thermostat NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 40 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 41 28 28 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 42 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 43 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 44 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 45 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 46 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 47 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 48 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 49 solvent solvent NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 50 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 72 51 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 1 149 149 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 2 Lennard Lennard NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 4 Jones Jones NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 5 interactions interaction NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 6 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 7 computed compute VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 8 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 9 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 10 cut cut NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 12 off off NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 14 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 15 Å Å NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 16 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 17 electrosta electrosta NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 18 � � . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 19 c c NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 20 interac interac NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 21 � � NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 22 ons ons NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 23 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 24 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 25 treated treat VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 26 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 27 particle particle NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 28 mesh mesh NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 29 Ewald Ewald NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 30 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 31 29 29 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 32 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 33 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 35 same same JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 36 real real JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 37 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 38 space space NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 39 cut cut NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 40 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 41 off off RP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 73 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 1 Analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 2 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 4 resulting result VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 5 151 151 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 6 trajectories trajectory NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 7 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 8 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 9 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 10 MDAnalysis mdanalysis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 11 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 12 30 30 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 14 31 31 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 15 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 74 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 75 1 Structures structure NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 75 2 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 75 3 visualised visualise VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 75 4 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 75 5 PyMOL PyMOL NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 75 6 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 75 7 32 32 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 75 8 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 75 9 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 1 152 152 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 2 153 153 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 3 Notes note NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 4 154 154 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 5 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 6 enzymatic enzymatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 7 inhibition inhibition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 8 potential potential NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 10 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 11 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 13 measured measure VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 14 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 15 RapidFire RapidFire NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 16 mass mass NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 17 spectroscopy spectroscopy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 18 155 155 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 19 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 20 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 21 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 23 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 24 retrieved retrieve VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 25 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 26 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 27 Collaborative Collaborative NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 28 Drug Drug NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 29 Discovery Discovery NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 30 database database NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 31 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 32 33 33 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 33 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 76 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 1 156 156 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 2 157 157 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 3 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 4 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 5 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 6 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 7 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 8 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 9 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 10 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 11 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 12 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 13 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 14 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 15 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 16 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 17 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 18 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 19 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 20 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 22 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 23 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 24 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 26 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 27 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 28 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 29 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 30 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 31 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 32 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 33 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 35 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 36 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 37 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 77 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 21 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 24 7 7 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 25 Results result NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 26 158 158 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 27 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 28 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 29 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 30 assays assays RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 31 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 32 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 33 pro pro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 34 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 35 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 36 159 159 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 37 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 38 forms form NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 39 dimers dimer NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 40 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 41 crystals crystal NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 42 via via IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 43 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 44 extensive extensive JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 45 interaction interaction NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 46 interface interface NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 47 involving involve VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 48 two two CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 49 domains domain NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 50 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 51 15 15 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 52 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 78 53 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 1 160 160 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 2 Mpro mpro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 3 dimers dimer NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 4 likely likely RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 5 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 7 sub sub JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 8 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 9 μM μm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 10 solution solution NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 11 dissociation dissociation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 12 constant constant NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 13 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 14 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 15 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 16 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 17 analogy analogy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 18 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 19 previously previously RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 20 studied study VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 21 161 161 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 22 3C 3c NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 23 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 24 like like JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 26 proteases protease NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 27 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 28 34 34 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 29 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 79 30 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 1 At at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 3 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 4 μM μM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 5 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 6 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 8 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 9 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 10 assays assays RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 11 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 12 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 14 162 162 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 15 thus thus RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 17 expected expect VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 18 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 19 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 20 dimeric dimeric JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 21 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 22 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 23 estimated estimate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 24 molecular molecular JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 25 weight weight NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 26 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 27 nearly nearly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 28 70 70 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 29 kDa kDa NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 80 30 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 1 Despite despite IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 3 163 163 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 4 relatively relatively RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 5 large large JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 6 size size NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 8 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 10 solution solution NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 11 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 13 1H 1h JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 14 spectra spectra NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 15 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 17 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 18 readily readily RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 19 showed show VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 21 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 22 164 164 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 23 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 24 multiple multiple JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 25 up up JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 26 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 27 field field NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 28 shifted shift VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 30 < < XX 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 31 0.5 0.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 32 ppm ppm NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 33 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 34 peaks peak VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 35 corresponding correspond VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 36 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 37 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 38 methyl methyl NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 39 groups group NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 40 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 41 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 81 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 82 1 1A 1a LS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 82 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 82 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 2 165 165 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 3 addition addition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 4 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 5 demonstrating demonstrate VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 6 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 7 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 8 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 9 folded fold VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 10 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 12 conditions condition NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 13 tested test VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 15 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 16 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 17 allowed allow VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 18 us -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 19 166 166 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 20 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 21 identify identify VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 23 chemical chemical NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 24 shifts shift NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 25 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 26 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 27 methyl methyl NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 28 groups group NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 29 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 30 may may MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 31 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 32 suitable suitable JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 33 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 34 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 35 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 36 resonance resonance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 37 167 167 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 38 irradiation irradiation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 39 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 40 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 41 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 42 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 43 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 83 44 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 1 Trials trial NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 2 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 3 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 5 resonance resonance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 6 irradiation irradiation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 7 applied apply VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 8 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 9 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 10 methyl methyl NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 11 168 168 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 12 group group NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 13 peaks peak NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 14 showed show VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 15 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 16 irradiating irradiate VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 17 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 18 0.5 0.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 19 ppm ppm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 20 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 21 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 84 22 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 1 1A 1a LS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 3 produced produce VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 5 strongest strong JJS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 6 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 7 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 8 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 9 169 169 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 10 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 11 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 13 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 15 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 17 while while IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 18 simultaneously simultaneously RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 19 avoiding avoid VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 20 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 21 excitation excitation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 22 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 23 would would MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 24 yield yield VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 25 170 170 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 26 false false JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 27 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 28 positive positive JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 29 signals signal NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 30 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 32 absence absence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 33 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 34 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 35 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 36 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 85 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 86 1 1B 1B NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 86 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 86 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 1 Further further RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 3 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 4 noted note VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 5 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 6 small small JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 7 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 8 171 171 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 9 abundant abundant JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 10 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 12 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 13 but but CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 14 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 15 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 16 specifically specifically RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 17 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 18 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 20 such such JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 21 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 22 DMSO DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 24 produced produce VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 25 pseudo-172 pseudo-172 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 26 dispersive dispersive JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 27 residual residual JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 28 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 29 lineshapes lineshape NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 30 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 31 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 32 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 34 while while IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 35 true true JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 36 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 37 ligands ligand VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 38 produced produce VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 39 peaks peak NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 40 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 41 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 42 173 173 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 43 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 44 absorptive absorptive JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 45 1H 1h JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 46 lineshapes lineshape NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 87 47 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 1 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 2 surmised surmise VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 3 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 4 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 5 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 6 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 7 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 8 suitable suitable JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 10 screening screen VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 11 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 12 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 13 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 14 174 174 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 15 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 17 requiring require VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 18 relatively relatively RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 19 small small JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 20 amounts amount NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 21 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 22 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 23 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 24 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 25 μgr μgr NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 26 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 27 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 28 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 29 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 30 time time NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 31 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 32 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 33 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 34 hour hour NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 35 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 36 per per IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 37 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 38 175 175 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 39 studied study VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 88 40 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 1 176 176 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 2 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 3 strength strength NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 5 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 6 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 7 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 8 quantified quantify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 9 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 10 calculating calculate VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 12 ratio ratio NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 14 integrated integrate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 15 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 16 intensity intensity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 17 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 18 177 177 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 19 peaks peak NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 20 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 22 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 23 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 24 over over IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 25 that that DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 26 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 27 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 28 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 29 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 30 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 31 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 32 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 89 33 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 2 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 3 factor factor NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 4 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 5 178 178 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 6 inversely inversely RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 7 proportional proportional JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 8 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 9 ligand ligand VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 10 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 12 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 13 � � NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 14 � � , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 15 � � NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 16 � � VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 17 � � VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 18 � � VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 19 � � VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 20 � � VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 21 � � VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 22 � � VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 23 � � VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 24 � � VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 25 � � NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 26 � � NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 27 where where WRB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 28 [ [ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 29 L l NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 30 ] ] -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 31 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 32 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 33 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 90 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 1 179 179 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 2 Measuring measure VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 3 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 4 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 5 over over IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 7 range range NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 8 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 9 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 10 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 11 allows allow VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 12 fitting fitting NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 15 proportionality proportionality NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 16 180 180 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 17 constant constant JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 18 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 19 calculation calculation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 20 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 21 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 22 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 91 23 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 1 However however RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 3 time time NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 4 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 5 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 7 amount amount NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 8 considerations consideration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 10 including include VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 11 181 181 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 13 limited limited JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 14 availability availability NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 15 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 16 bespoke bespoke NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 17 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 18 synthesized synthesize VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 19 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 21 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 22 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 23 project project NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 25 made make VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 26 182 182 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 27 recording record VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 28 full full JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 29 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 30 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 31 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 32 titrations titration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 33 impractical impractical JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 34 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 35 screening screen VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 36 hundreds hundred NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 37 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 38 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 92 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 1 Thus thus RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 3 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 4 evaluated evaluate VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 5 183 183 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 6 whether whether IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 7 measuring measure VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 9 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 10 value value NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 11 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 12 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 13 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 14 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 15 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 16 may may MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 17 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 18 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 19 informative informative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 20 184 184 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 21 alternative alternative NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 22 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 23 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 25 provided provide VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 26 restraints restraint NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 27 could could MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 28 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 29 placed place VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 31 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 32 example example NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 34 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 36 proportionality proportionality NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 37 constant constant JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 93 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 1 185 185 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 2 Theoretical theoretical JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 3 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 4 practical practical JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 5 considerations consideration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 6 suggested suggest VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 7 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 8 three three CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 9 parameters parameter NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 10 influence influence VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 12 186 186 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 13 evaluation evaluation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 15 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 16 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 17 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 18 STDratio stdratio NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 19 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 20 towards towards IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 21 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 22 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 23 context context NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 94 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 1 Firstly firstly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 4 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 5 187 187 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 6 factor factor NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 7 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 8 affected affect VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 9 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 11 efficiency efficiency NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 12 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 13 NOE NOE NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 14 magnetisation magnetisation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 15 transfer transfer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 16 between between IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 17 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 18 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 19 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 21 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 22 188 188 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 23 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 24 turn turn NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 25 depends depend VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 26 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 27 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 28 proximity proximity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 29 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 30 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 31 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 32 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 33 groups group NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 35 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 36 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 37 chemical chemical NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 38 nature nature NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 39 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 40 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 41 189 189 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 42 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 43 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 44 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 45 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 46 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 47 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 48 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 49 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 50 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 51 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 52 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 53 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 54 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 55 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 56 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 57 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 58 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 59 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 60 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 61 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 62 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 63 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 64 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 65 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 66 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 67 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 68 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 69 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 70 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 71 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 72 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 73 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 74 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 75 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 76 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 95 77 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 24 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 25 groups group NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 26 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 27 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 28 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 29 22 22 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 30 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 96 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 1 To to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 2 minimize minimize VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 4 influence influence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 6 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 7 factors factor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 8 across across IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 9 diverse diverse JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 10 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 12 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 13 sought seek VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 14 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 15 190 190 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 16 quantify quantify VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 17 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 18 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 19 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 20 only only JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 21 aromatic aromatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 22 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 23 groups group NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 25 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 26 only only RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 27 consider consider VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 28 those those DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 29 showing show VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 30 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 31 strongest strong JJS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 32 191 191 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 33 STD std NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 34 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 35 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 36 thus thus RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 37 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 38 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 39 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 40 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 41 closest close JJS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 42 proximity proximity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 43 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 44 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 45 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 97 46 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 1 Second second JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 3 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 5 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 6 assays assays RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 7 require require VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 8 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 9 192 192 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 10 exchange exchange NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 11 between between IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 12 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 14 bound bind VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 15 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 16 -free -free JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 17 states state NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 18 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 19 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 20 timeframe timeframe NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 21 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 23 experiment experiment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 24 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 25 strongly strongly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 26 193 193 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 27 bound bind VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 28 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 29 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 30 dissociate dissociate VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 31 very very RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 32 slowly slowly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 33 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 35 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 36 would would MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 37 yield yield VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 38 reduced reduced JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 39 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 40 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 41 194 194 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 42 compared compare VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 43 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 44 weaker weak JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 45 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 46 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 47 dissociate dissociate VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 48 more more RBR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 49 readily readily RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 98 50 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 1 Structures structure NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 3 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 4 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 5 many many JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 6 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 7 195 195 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 8 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 9 show show VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 10 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 12 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 13 conformation conformation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 14 does do VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 15 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 16 change change VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 17 upon upon IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 18 complex complex JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 19 formation formation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 20 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 21 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 23 196 196 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 24 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 25 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 26 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 27 fully fully RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 28 solvent solvent VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 29 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 30 exposed expose VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 31 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 32 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 33 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 35 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 36 suggests suggest VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 37 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 38 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 39 association association NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 40 can can MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 41 proceed proceed VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 42 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 43 high high JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 44 197 197 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 45 rate rate NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 46 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 47 107 107 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 48 – – : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 49 108 108 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 50 M-1s-1 m-1s-1 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 51 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 99 52 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 1 Under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 2 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 3 assumption assumption NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 6 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 7 dissociation dissociation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 8 rate rate NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 9 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 11 primary primary JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 12 determinant determinant NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 13 198 198 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 15 interaction interaction NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 16 strength strength NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 100 17 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 1 Given give VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 3 duration duration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 6 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 7 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 8 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 9 experiment experiment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 10 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 12 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 14 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 15 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 16 ratios ratio NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 17 199 199 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 18 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 19 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 20 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 21 protein protein NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 22 used use VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 24 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 25 estimated estimate VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 26 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 27 significant significant JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 28 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 29 – – : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 30 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 31 exchange exchange NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 32 will will MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 33 take take VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 34 place place NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 35 even even RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 36 200 200 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 38 interactions interaction NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 39 as as RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 40 strong strong JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 41 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 42 low low JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 43 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 44 μM μm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 45 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 101 46 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 1 Finally finally RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 3 uncertainties uncertainty NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 4 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 5 errors error NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 6 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 7 nominal nominal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 8 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 9 201 201 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 10 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 11 skew skew VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 13 correlation correlation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 15 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 16 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 17 compound compound VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 18 affinities affinity NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 19 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 20 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 21 shown show VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 22 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 23 Fig Fig NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 102 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 1 S1 S1 NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 3 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 4 202 202 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 5 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 6 increase increase VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 7 strongly strongly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 8 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 9 very very RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 10 small small JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 11 amounts amount NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 12 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 13 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 14 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 15 assessed assess VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 103 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 1 Thus thus RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 3 overly overly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 4 large large JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 5 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 6 203 203 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 7 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 8 may may MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 9 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 10 measured measure VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 11 if if IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 12 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 13 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 14 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 15 significantly significantly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 16 lower low JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 17 than than IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 18 anticipated anticipate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 104 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 1 204 204 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 2 205 205 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 3 Quantitating Quantitating NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 4 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 5 pro pro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 6 binding binding NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 8 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 9 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 10 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 11 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 12 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 13 206 206 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 14 Mindful mindful JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 15 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 17 limitations limitation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 18 inherent inherent JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 19 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 20 measuring measure VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 21 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 22 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 23 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 24 STDratio stdratio NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 25 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 27 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 28 prior prior RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 29 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 30 207 207 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 31 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 32 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 33 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 34 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 35 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 36 evaluate evaluate VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 37 bespoke bespoke NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 38 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 39 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 40 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 41 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 42 used use VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 43 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 44 method method NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 45 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 46 assess assess VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 47 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 48 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 49 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 50 208 208 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 51 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 52 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 53 small small JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 54 chemical chemical NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 55 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 56 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 57 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 58 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 59 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 60 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 61 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 62 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 63 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 105 64 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 2 209 209 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 3 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 4 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 5 campaigns campaign NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 7 other other JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 8 target target NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 9 proteins protein NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 10 such such JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 11 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 12 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 13 seen see VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 14 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 15 have have VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 16 210 210 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 17 very very RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 18 weak weak JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 19 affinities affinity NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 20 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 21 > > XX 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 22 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 23 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 24 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 106 26 e.g. e.g. RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 1 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 2 35 35 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 3 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 4 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 6 thereby thereby RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 7 satisfying satisfy VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 9 exchange exchange NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 10 criterion criterion NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 11 set set VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 12 out out RP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 13 above above RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 107 14 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 1 39 39 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 2 211 211 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 3 non non JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 4 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 5 covalent covalent JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 6 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 7 interactors interactor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 8 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 9 part part NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 10 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 12 DSI DSI NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 14 poised poise VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 15 fragment fragment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 16 library library NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 17 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 18 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 19 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 20 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 21 given give VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 22 212 212 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 23 access access NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 25 comprising comprise VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 26 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 27 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 28 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 29 binders binder NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 31 two two CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 32 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 33 targeting target VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 35 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 36 dimerisation dimerisation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 37 interface interface NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 38 213 213 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 39 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 40 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 41 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 42 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 43 elsewhere elsewhere RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 44 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 45 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 46 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 47 surface surface NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 48 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 49 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 50 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 108 51 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 1 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 2 initially initially RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 3 recorded record VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 4 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 5 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 6 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 7 214 214 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 8 spectra spectra NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 9 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 10 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 11 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 12 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 13 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 14 absence absence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 15 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 16 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 17 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 18 confirm confirm VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 19 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 20 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 21 obtained obtain VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 22 no no DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 23 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 24 minimal minimal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 25 215 215 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 26 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 27 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 28 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 29 protease protease NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 30 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 31 omitted omit VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 32 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 33 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 34 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 35 verify verify VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 36 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 37 identity identity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 38 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 39 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 40 1H 1H NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 41 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 109 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 1 Five five CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 2 216 216 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 3 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 4 gave give VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 5 no no DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 6 solution solution NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 7 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 8 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 9 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 10 produced produce VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 11 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 12 1H 1h CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 13 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 14 inconsistent inconsistent JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 15 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 17 217 217 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 18 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 19 chemical chemical NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 20 structure structure NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 21 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 22 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 23 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 24 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 25 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 26 evaluated evaluate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 27 further further RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 110 28 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 1 Samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 3 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 4 μM μM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 5 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 6 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 7 218 218 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 8 0.8 0.8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 9 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 10 nominal nominal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 11 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 12 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 13 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 14 then then RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 15 formulated formulate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 16 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 17 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 18 remaining remaining JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 19 34 34 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 20 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 21 219 219 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 22 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 23 Table table NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 24 S1 S1 NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 25 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 27 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 28 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 29 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 30 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 31 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 32 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 33 recorded record VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 35 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 36 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 37 only only RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 38 aromatic aromatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 39 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 40 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 41 signals signal NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 42 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 43 220 220 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 44 considered consider VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 45 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 46 further further JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 47 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 111 48 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 1 221 221 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 2 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 3 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 4 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 5 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 6 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 7 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 8 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 9 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 10 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 11 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 12 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 13 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 14 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 15 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 16 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 17 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 18 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 19 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 21 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 22 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 23 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 25 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 26 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 27 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 28 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 29 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 30 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 31 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 32 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 33 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 34 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 35 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 36 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 112 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 24 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 25 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 26 observed observe VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 27 large large JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 28 variations variation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 29 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 30 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 31 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 32 intensity intensity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 33 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 34 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 35 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 36 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 37 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 38 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 39 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 40 M m NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 41 pro pro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 42 222 222 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 43 across across IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 44 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 45 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 46 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 113 47 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 1 2A 2a LS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 3 B b NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 4 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 5 Table table NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 6 S1 S1 NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 7 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 9 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 10 many many JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 11 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 12 producing produce VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 13 little little JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 14 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 15 no no DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 16 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 17 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 19 223 223 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 20 suggesting suggest VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 21 substantial substantial JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 22 differences difference NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 23 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 24 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 25 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 26 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 27 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 28 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 114 29 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 1 However however RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 3 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 4 also also RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 5 noted note VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 6 224 224 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 7 that that DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 8 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 9 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 10 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 11 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 12 substantially substantially RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 13 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 14 intensity intensity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 15 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 16 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 115 17 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 1 2C 2C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 4 despite despite IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 5 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 6 being be VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 7 225 225 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 8 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 10 same same JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 11 nominal nominal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 12 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 116 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 1 Integrating integrate VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 2 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 3 peaks peak NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 4 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 5 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 6 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 7 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 8 revealed reveal VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 9 226 226 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 10 differences difference NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 11 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 12 per-1H per-1h NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 13 intensity intensity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 15 up up IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 16 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 17 ~15-fold ~15-fold NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 19 indicating indicate VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 20 significant significant JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 21 variation variation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 22 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 23 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 24 227 227 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 25 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 26 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 27 solution solution NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 28 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 29 Table table NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 30 S1 s1 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 31 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 117 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 1 Such such JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 2 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 3 differences difference NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 4 could could MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 5 arise arise VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 6 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 7 errors error NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 8 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 9 228 228 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 10 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 11 formulation formulation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 12 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 13 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 14 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 15 inconsistencies inconsistency NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 16 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 17 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 18 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 19 library library NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 118 20 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 1 To to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 2 evaluate evaluate VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 4 229 229 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 5 former former JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 6 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 7 also also RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 8 integrated integrate VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 10 residual residual JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 11 1H 1h JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 12 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 14 D6-DMSO D6-DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 15 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 16 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 17 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 18 spectra spectra NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 20 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 21 found find VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 22 it -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 23 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 24 230 230 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 25 vary vary VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 26 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 27 less less JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 28 than than IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 29 35 35 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 30 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 31 across across IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 32 any any DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 33 pair pair NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 34 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 35 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 36 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 37 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 38 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 39 average average JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 40 deviation deviation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 41 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 119 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 1 As as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 2 DMSO DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 3 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 4 added add VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 5 231 231 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 6 alongside alongside RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 7 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 8 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 9 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 10 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 12 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 13 concluded conclude VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 14 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 15 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 16 formulation formulation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 17 may may MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 18 have have VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 19 contributed contribute VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 20 232 232 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 21 errors error NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 22 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 23 compound compound JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 24 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 25 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 26 up up IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 27 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 28 ~1/3 ~1/3 . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 30 but but CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 31 did do VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 32 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 33 account account VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 34 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 36 ~15-fold ~15-fold JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 37 differences difference NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 38 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 39 233 233 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 40 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 41 observed observe VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 120 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 1 234 234 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 2 Given give VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 3 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 4 differences difference NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 5 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 6 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 7 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 8 can can MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 9 skew skew VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 11 relative relative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 12 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 13 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 15 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 16 235 235 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 17 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 18 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 121 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 1 S1 S1 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 4 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 5 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 6 such such JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 7 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 8 differences difference NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 9 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 10 also also RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 11 observed observe VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 12 among among IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 13 newly newly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 14 designed design VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 15 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 16 236 236 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 17 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 18 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 19 see see VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 20 below below RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 21 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 23 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 24 questioned question VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 25 whether whether IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 26 recording record VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 27 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 28 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 29 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 30 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 31 conditions condition NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 32 can can MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 33 237 237 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 34 provide provide VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 35 useful useful JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 36 information information NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 122 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 1 To to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 2 address address VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 3 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 4 question question NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 5 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 6 attempted attempt VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 7 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 8 quantify quantify VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 10 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 12 238 238 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 13 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 14 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 15 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 16 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 18 selecting select VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 19 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 20 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 21 showed show VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 22 clear clear JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 23 differences difference NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 24 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 25 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 26 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 27 239 239 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 28 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 29 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 30 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 31 above above RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 32 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 33 focusing focus VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 34 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 35 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 36 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 37 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 38 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 39 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 40 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 41 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 42 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 43 hence hence RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 44 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 45 that that DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 46 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 47 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 48 240 240 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 49 potential potential JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 50 interest interest NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 51 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 52 inhibitor inhibitor VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 53 development development NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 123 54 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 1 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 2 performed perform VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 3 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 4 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 5 titrations titration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 6 monitored monitor VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 7 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 8 STD-241 STD-241 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 9 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 10 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 11 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 12 x0195 x0195 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 14 x0354 x0354 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 16 x0426 x0426 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 17 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 18 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 19 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 20 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 21 μM μM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 22 – – : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 23 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 24 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 25 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 26 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 27 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 124 28 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 1 S2 s2 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 4 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 5 242 242 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 6 noted note VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 7 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 8 only only RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 9 compounds compound VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 10 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 11 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 12 x0195 x0195 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 14 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 15 show show VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 17 highest high JJS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 18 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 19 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 20 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 125 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 1 2A 2a LS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 4 bound bind VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 5 243 243 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 6 strongly strongly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 7 enough enough JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 8 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 9 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 10 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 11 constant constant JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 12 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 13 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 14 estimated estimate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 15 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 16 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 17 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 18 1.6 1.6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 19 ± ± CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 20 0.2 0.2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 21 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 22 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 23 1.7 1.7 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 24 ± ± CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 25 0.2 0.2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 26 mM mM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 28 244 244 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 29 respectively respectively RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 30 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 126 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 2 contrast contrast NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 5 titrations titration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 7 x0354 x0354 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 9 x0426 x0426 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 11 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 12 yielded yield VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 13 lower low JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 14 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 15 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 17 245 245 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 18 could could MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 19 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 20 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 21 fit fit JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 22 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 23 extract extract VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 24 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 25 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 26 indicating indicate VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 27 weaker weak JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 28 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 29 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 30 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 31 pro pro NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 127 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 1 246 246 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 2 To to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 3 further further RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 4 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 5 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 7 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 8 assessed assess VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 10 binding binding NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 12 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 13 x0195 x0195 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 15 x0387 x0387 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 17 x0397 x0397 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 19 x0426 x0426 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 21 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 22 247 247 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 23 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 24 x0540 x0540 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 25 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 26 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 27 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 28 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 29 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 30 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 31 quadruplicate quadruplicate JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 32 atomistic atomistic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 33 molecular molecular JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 34 dynamics dynamic NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 35 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 36 MD MD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 37 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 38 simulations simulation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 39 248 248 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 40 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 41 200 200 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 42 nsec nsec JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 43 duration duration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 128 44 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 129 1 As as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 129 2 shown show VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 129 3 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 129 4 Fig Fig NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 129 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 1 S3A s3a NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 3 B b NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 5 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 6 Movies movie NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 7 S1 S1 NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 9 S2 s2 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 11 fragments fragment VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 12 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 13 high high JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 14 STDradio stdradio NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 15 249 249 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 16 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 17 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 18 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 20 x0195 x0195 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 21 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 22 always always RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 23 located locate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 24 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 26 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 27 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 28 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 29 despite despite IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 30 exchanging exchange VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 31 between between IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 32 250 250 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 33 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 34 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 35 conformations conformation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 36 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 37 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 130 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 1 S4 S4 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 4 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 5 average average JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 6 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 7 root root NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 8 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 9 mean mean JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 10 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 11 square square JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 12 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 13 deviation deviation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 14 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 15 RMSD RMSD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 17 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 18 251 251 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 19 3.2 3.2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 20 Å å NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 21 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 22 5.1 5.1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 23 Å å NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 24 respectively respectively RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 25 after after IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 26 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 27 first first JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 28 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 29 nsec nsec JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 30 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 31 simulation simulation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 131 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 1 Medium Medium NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 2 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 3 value value NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 4 fragments fragment VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 5 252 252 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 6 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 7 x0426 x0426 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 9 x0540 x0540 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 11 Fig Fig NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 132 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 1 S3C S3C NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 3 D d NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 5 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 6 Movies Movies NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 7 S3 S3 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 9 S4 S4 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 10 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 11 show show VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 12 average average JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 13 RMSDs rmsd NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 15 approximately approximately RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 16 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 17 Å å NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 18 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 19 253 253 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 21 same same JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 22 simulation simulation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 23 timeframe timeframe NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 25 frequently frequently RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 26 exchanging exchange VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 27 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 28 alternative alternative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 29 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 30 poses pose NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 31 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 32 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 33 x0540 x0540 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 34 254 254 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 35 occasionally occasionally RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 36 exiting exit VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 37 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 38 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 39 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 40 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 133 41 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 2 contrast contrast NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 4 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 5 showing show VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 6 very very RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 7 little little JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 8 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 9 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 10 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 11 255 255 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 12 .CC .CC , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 13 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 14 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 15 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 16 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 17 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 18 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 19 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 20 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 21 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 22 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 23 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 24 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 25 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 26 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 27 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 28 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 29 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 30 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 31 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 32 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 33 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 35 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 36 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 37 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 38 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 39 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 40 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 41 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 42 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 43 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 44 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 45 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 46 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 134 47 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 21 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 24 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 25 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 26 x0397 x0397 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 27 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 28 x0387 x0387 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 30 Fig Fig NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 135 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 1 S3E S3E NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 3 F F NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 5 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 6 Movies Movies NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 7 S5 S5 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 9 S6 s6 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 10 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 11 regularly regularly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 12 exit exit VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 13 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 14 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 15 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 16 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 17 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 18 show show VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 19 256 256 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 20 average average JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 21 RMSDs rmsd NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 22 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 23 excess excess NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 24 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 25 15 15 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 26 Å å NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 27 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 28 very very RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 29 limited limited JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 30 stability stability NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 136 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 1 Combining combine VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 3 quantitative quantitative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 4 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 5 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 6 MD MD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 7 257 257 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 8 information information NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 9 above above RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 11 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 12 surmised surmise VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 13 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 15 despite despite IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 16 limitations limitation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 17 inherent inherent JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 18 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 19 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 20 type type NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 21 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 22 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 23 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 24 258 258 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 25 uncertainties uncertainty NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 26 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 27 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 28 amounts amount NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 30 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 31 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 32 recorded record VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 33 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 34 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 35 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 36 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 37 can can MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 38 act act VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 39 259 259 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 40 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 41 proxy proxy JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 42 measurements measurement NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 43 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 44 Mpro mpro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 45 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 46 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 47 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 137 48 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 1 260 260 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 2 261 261 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 3 Assessment Assessment NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 5 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 6 pro pro NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 7 binding binding JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 8 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 9 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 10 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 11 ligands ligand VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 12 262 262 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 13 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 14 proceeded proceed VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 15 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 16 characterise characterise VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 17 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 18 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 19 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 20 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 22 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 23 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 24 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 25 bespoke bespoke NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 26 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 27 created create VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 28 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 29 part part NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 30 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 31 263 263 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 32 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 33 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 34 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 35 project project NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 36 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 37 designed design VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 38 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 39 act act VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 40 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 41 non non JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 42 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 43 covalent covalent JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 44 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 45 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 46 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 47 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 48 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 49 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 50 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 138 51 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 1 264 264 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 2 Similar similar JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 3 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 5 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 7 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 8 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 9 above above RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 11 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 12 focused focus VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 13 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 14 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 15 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 16 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 17 signals signal NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 18 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 19 265 265 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 20 aromatic aromatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 21 moieties moiety NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 22 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 23 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 24 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 25 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 26 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 27 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 28 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 29 side side NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 30 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 31 extracted extract VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 32 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 33 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 34 only only RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 35 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 36 266 266 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 37 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 38 strongest strong JJS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 39 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 40 peaks peak NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 139 41 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 1 Once once RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 2 again again RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 4 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 5 noted note VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 6 substantial substantial JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 7 differences difference NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 8 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 9 apparent apparent JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 10 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 11 267 267 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 12 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 14 judging judge VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 15 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 16 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 17 1H 1H VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 18 spectral spectral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 19 intensities intensity NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 20 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 21 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 140 22 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 1 3A 3A NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 4 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 5 could could MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 6 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 7 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 8 268 268 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 9 attributed attribute VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 10 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 11 errors error NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 12 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 13 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 14 preparation preparation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 15 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 17 standard standard JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 18 deviation deviation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 19 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 20 residual residual JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 21 1H 1h JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 22 intensity intensity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 23 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 25 269 269 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 26 D6-DMSO D6-DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 27 peak peak NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 28 did do VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 29 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 30 exceed exceed VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 31 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 32 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 34 any any DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 35 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 36 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 37 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 38 batches batch NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 39 tested test VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 141 40 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 1 Crucially crucially RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 3 out out IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 5 650 650 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 6 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 7 270 270 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 8 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 9 tested test VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 11 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 12 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 13 35 35 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 14 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 15 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 16 7.6 7.6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 17 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 18 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 19 contained contain VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 20 no no DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 21 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 22 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 23 86 86 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 24 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 25 13.2 13.2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 26 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 27 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 28 very very RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 29 little little JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 30 271 271 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 31 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 32 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 33 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 142 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 143 1 3A 3A NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 143 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 143 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 2 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 3 cases case NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 5 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 6 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 7 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 8 repeated repeat VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 9 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 10 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 11 separate separate JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 12 batch batch NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 14 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 15 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 16 272 272 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 17 however however RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 19 96.2 96.2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 20 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 21 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 22 repeat repeat NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 23 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 24 yielded yield VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 26 same same JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 27 outcome outcome NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 28 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 29 no no DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 30 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 31 very very RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 32 little little JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 33 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 34 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 36 273 273 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 37 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 38 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 144 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 1 274 274 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 2 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 3 measured measure VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 4 STDratio stdratio NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 5 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 6 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 7 samples sample NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 8 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 9 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 10 produced produce VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 11 sufficiently sufficiently RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 12 strong strong JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 13 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 14 1H 1h CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 15 275 275 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 16 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 17 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 18 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 19 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 20 readily readily RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 21 visible visible JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 23 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 24 deposited deposit VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 25 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 26 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 27 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 28 associated associate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 29 raw raw JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 30 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 31 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 32 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 33 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 34 276 276 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 35 Collaborative Collaborative NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 36 Drug Drug NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 37 Discovery Discovery NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 38 database database NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 39 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 40 33 33 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 41 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 145 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 1 Some some DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 3 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 4 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 5 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 6 assessed assess VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 7 independently independently RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 8 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 9 277 277 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 10 enzymatic enzymatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 11 inhibition inhibition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 12 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 13 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 14 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 15 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 16 mass mass NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 17 spectroscopy spectroscopy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 18 method method NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 19 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 20 part part NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 21 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 23 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 24 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 25 278 278 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 26 collaboration collaboration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 27 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 28 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 29 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 146 30 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 1 Where where WRB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 2 both both DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 3 parameters parameter NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 4 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 5 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 7 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 8 compared compare VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 10 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 11 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 12 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 13 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 14 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 15 279 279 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 16 inhibition inhibition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 17 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 18 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 19 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 20 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 21 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 22 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 23 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 147 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 148 1 As as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 148 2 shown show VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 148 3 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 148 4 Fig Fig NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 148 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 1 3B 3B NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 3 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 4 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 5 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 6 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 7 show show VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 8 280 280 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 9 weak weak JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 10 correlation correlation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 11 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 12 R2=30 r2=30 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 13 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 14 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 15 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 16 most most JJS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 17 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 18 tested test VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 19 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 20 however however RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 22 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 23 subset subset NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 24 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 25 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 26 displayed display VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 27 281 281 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 28 conspicuously conspicuously RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 29 low low JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 30 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 31 even even RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 32 no no DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 33 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 34 signals signal NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 35 considering consider VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 37 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 38 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 39 Mpro mpro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 40 activity activity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 41 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 42 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 43 presented present VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 44 282 282 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 45 themselves -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 46 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 47 outliers outlier NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 48 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 49 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 50 correlation correlation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 51 graph graph NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 149 52 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 1 As as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 2 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 3 outlier outli JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 4 ligands ligand VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 5 had have VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 6 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 7 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 8 below below IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 9 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 10 μM μM NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 12 283 283 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 13 suggesting suggest VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 14 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 16 affinities affinity NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 17 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 19 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 20 may may MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 21 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 22 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 23 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 24 μM μM . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 25 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 26 region region NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 28 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 29 considered consider VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 30 whether whether IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 31 284 284 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 32 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 33 approach approach NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 34 gives give VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 35 rise rise NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 36 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 37 false false JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 38 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 39 negative negative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 40 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 41 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 42 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 43 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 44 example example NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 45 through through IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 46 slow slow JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 47 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 48 dissociation dissociation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 49 285 285 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 50 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 51 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 150 52 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 1 286 286 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 2 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 3 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 4 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 5 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 6 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 7 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 8 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 9 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 10 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 11 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 12 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 13 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 14 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 15 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 16 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 17 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 18 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 19 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 21 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 22 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 23 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 25 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 26 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 27 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 28 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 29 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 30 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 31 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 32 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 33 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 34 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 35 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 36 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 151 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 24 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 25 To to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 26 address address VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 27 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 28 question question NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 30 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 31 derived derive VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 32 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 33 assay assay NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 34 whereby whereby WRB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 36 bespoke bespoke NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 37 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 38 high high JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 39 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 40 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 41 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 42 inhibitor inhibitor NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 43 287 287 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 44 would would MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 45 outcompete outcompete VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 46 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 47 lower low JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 48 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 49 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 50 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 51 known know VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 52 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 53 provide provide VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 54 strong strong JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 55 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 56 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 57 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 58 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 59 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 60 288 288 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 61 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 62 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 152 63 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 2 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 3 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 5 lower low JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 7 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 8 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 9 would would MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 10 act act VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 11 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 12 ‘ ' `` 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 13 spy spy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 14 ’ ' '' 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 15 molecule molecule NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 16 whose whose WP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 17 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 18 289 289 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 19 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 20 reduces reduce NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 21 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 22 function function NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 23 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 24 inhibitor inhibitor NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 25 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 153 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 1 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 2 used use VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 3 fragment fragment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 4 x0434 x0434 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 6 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 7 yields yield VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 8 290 290 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 9 substantial substantial JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 10 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 11 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 12 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 13 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 14 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 15 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 154 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 1 1B 1B NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 2 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 3 2A 2A NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 4 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 6 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 7 ‘ ' `` 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 8 spy spy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 9 ’ ' '' 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 11 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 12 tested test VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 13 protease protease NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 14 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 15 EDJ EDJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 16 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 17 MED-291 MED-291 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 18 a364e151 a364e151 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 19 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 20 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 22 LON LON NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 23 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 24 WEI WEI NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 25 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 26 ff7b210a-5 ff7b210a-5 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 28 CHO CHO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 29 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 30 MSK-6e55470f-14 MSK-6e55470f-14 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 31 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 32 LOR LOR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 33 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 34 NOR-30067bb9 NOR-30067bb9 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 35 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 36 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 37 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 38 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 39 292 292 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 40 competitors competitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 155 41 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 1 Of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 2 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 3 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 5 EDJ EDJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 7 MED MED NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 8 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 9 a364e151 a364e151 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 10 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 11 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 12 gave give VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 13 rise rise NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 14 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 15 substantial substantial JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 16 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 17 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 18 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 19 earlier early JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 20 293 293 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 21 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 23 whereas whereas IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 25 remaining remain VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 26 produced produce VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 27 little little JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 28 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 29 no no DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 30 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 31 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 32 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 33 yet yet CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 35 all all DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 36 four four CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 37 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 38 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 39 reported report VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 40 294 294 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 41 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 42 have have VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 43 low low JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 44 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 45 μM μm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 46 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 47 sub sub NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 48 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 49 μM μM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 50 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 51 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 52 based base VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 53 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 54 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 55 pro pro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 56 enzymatic enzymatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 57 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 156 58 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 2 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 3 competition competition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 4 295 295 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 5 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 7 both both CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 8 EDJ EDJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 10 MED MED NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 12 a364e151 a364e151 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 14 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 15 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 16 LON LON NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 17 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 18 WEI WEI NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 19 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 20 ff7b210a-5 ff7b210a-5 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 21 yielded yield VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 22 Kd Kd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 23 parameters parameter NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 24 296 296 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 25 comparable comparable JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 26 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 27 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 28 reported report VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 29 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 30 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 31 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 32 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 157 33 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 1 S5A s5a RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 3 B b NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 4 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 6 showing show VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 7 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 8 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 9 least least JJS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 10 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 12 case case NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 14 LON LON NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 15 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 16 WEI-297 WEI-297 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 17 ff7b210a-5 ff7b210a-5 VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 19 absence absence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 20 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 21 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 22 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 23 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 25 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 26 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 27 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 28 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 29 assays assays RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 30 above above RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 31 represented represent VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 32 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 33 298 298 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 34 false false JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 35 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 36 negative negative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 37 result result NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 158 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 2 contrast contrast NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 4 CHO CHO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 5 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 6 MSK-6e55470f-14 MSK-6e55470f-14 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 7 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 8 LOR LOR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 10 NOR-30067bb9 NOR-30067bb9 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 11 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 12 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 13 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 14 unable unable JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 15 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 16 299 299 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 17 compete compete VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 18 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 19 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 21 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 22 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 23 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 24 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 25 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 159 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 1 S5C s5c LS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 3 D D NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 4 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 6 suggesting suggest VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 7 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 8 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 9 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 10 two two CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 11 cases case NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 13 300 300 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 14 reported report VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 15 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 16 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 17 do do VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 18 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 19 reflect reflect VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 20 inhibitor inhibitor NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 21 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 22 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 23 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 24 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 26 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 27 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 28 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 29 weak weak JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 30 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 31 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 32 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 33 301 301 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 35 initial initial NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 36 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 37 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 38 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 39 better well JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 40 proxy proxy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 41 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 42 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 160 43 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 1 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 2 surmised surmise VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 3 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 4 although although IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 5 some some DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 6 low low JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 7 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 8 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 9 302 302 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 10 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 11 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 12 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 13 may may MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 14 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 15 accurately accurately RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 16 reflect reflect VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 17 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 18 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 19 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 21 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 23 such such JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 24 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 25 can can MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 26 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 27 303 303 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 28 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 29 discounted discount VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 30 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 31 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 32 whole whole NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 33 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 34 they -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 35 may may MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 36 correspond correspond VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 37 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 38 non non JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 39 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 40 binding binding JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 41 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 161 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 1 304 304 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 2 305 305 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 3 306 306 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 4 307 307 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 5 308 308 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 6 309 309 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 7 310 310 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 8 311 311 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 9 312 312 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 10 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 11 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 12 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 13 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 14 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 15 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 16 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 17 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 18 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 19 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 20 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 21 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 22 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 23 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 24 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 25 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 26 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 27 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 28 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 29 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 30 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 31 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 32 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 33 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 34 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 35 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 36 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 37 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 38 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 39 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 40 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 41 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 42 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 43 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 44 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 162 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 24 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 25 Discussion Discussion NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 26 313 313 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 27 Fragment Fragment NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 28 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 29 based base VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 30 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 31 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 32 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 33 tried try VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 34 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 35 tested test VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 36 method method NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 38 reducing reduce VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 39 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 40 number number NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 41 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 42 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 43 314 314 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 44 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 45 need need VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 46 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 47 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 48 assessed assess VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 49 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 50 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 51 against against IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 52 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 53 specific specific JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 54 target target NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 55 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 56 order order NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 57 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 58 sample sample VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 59 chemical chemical NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 60 space space NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 61 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 62 36 36 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 63 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 163 64 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 1 315 315 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 2 Combined combine VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 3 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 4 X x NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 5 - - NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 6 ray ray NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 7 crystallography crystallography NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 10 provides provide VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 11 information information NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 12 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 13 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 14 target target NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 15 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 16 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 17 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 18 316 316 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 19 pose pose NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 20 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 21 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 23 initial initial JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 24 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 25 can can MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 26 quickly quickly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 27 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 28 iterated iterate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 29 into into IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 30 potent potent JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 31 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 32 specifically specifically RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 33 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 34 interacting interact VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 35 317 317 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 36 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 164 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 2 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 3 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 4 collaboration collaboration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 5 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 6 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 7 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 8 took take VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 9 advantage advantage NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 10 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 11 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 12 fragment-318 fragment-318 . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 13 based base VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 14 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 15 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 16 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 17 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 18 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 19 initiate initiate VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 21 design design NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 22 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 23 novel novel JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 24 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 25 targeting target VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 26 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 27 essential essential JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 28 main main JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 29 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 30 319 319 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 31 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 32 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 33 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 34 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 35 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 36 coronavirus coronavirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 37 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 38 however however RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 39 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 40 structures structure NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 41 do do VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 42 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 43 report report VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 44 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 45 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 46 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 47 320 320 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 48 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 49 inhibitory inhibitory NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 50 potency potency NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 51 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 52 enzymatic enzymatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 53 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 54 does do VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 55 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 56 always always RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 57 correlate correlate VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 58 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 59 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 60 binding binding NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 165 61 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 1 Thus thus RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 3 321 321 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 4 supplementing supplement VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 5 these these DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 6 methods method NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 7 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 8 solution solution NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 9 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 10 tools tool NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 11 highly highly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 12 sensitive sensitive JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 13 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 14 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 15 binding binding NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 16 can can MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 17 provide provide VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 18 322 322 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 19 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 20 powerful powerful JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 21 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 22 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 23 orthogonal orthogonal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 24 information information NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 25 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 26 assurance assurance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 27 against against IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 28 false false JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 29 starts start NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 166 30 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 1 323 323 LS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 2 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 3 showed show VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 4 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 5 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 7 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 8 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 9 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 10 suitable suitable JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 11 method method NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 12 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 13 characterising characterise VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 14 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 15 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 16 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 17 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 19 allowing allow VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 20 324 324 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 21 us -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 22 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 23 assess assess VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 24 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 25 interactions interaction NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 26 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 27 relatively relatively RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 28 small small JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 29 amounts amount NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 30 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 31 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 32 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 33 in in RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 34 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 35 one one CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 36 hour hour NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 37 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 38 325 325 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 39 experiment experiment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 40 time time NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 41 per per IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 42 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 43 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 44 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 167 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 168 1 1B 1B NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 168 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 168 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 1 However however RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 3 screening screen VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 4 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 5 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 7 high high JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 8 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 9 throughput throughput NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 10 manner manner NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 11 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 12 326 326 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 13 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 14 compatible compatible JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 15 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 17 time- time- NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 18 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 19 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 20 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 21 amount amount NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 22 requirements requirement NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 23 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 24 full full JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 25 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 26 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 27 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 28 titrations titration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 169 29 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 1 Thus thus RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 3 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 4 327 327 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 5 resorted resort VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 6 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 7 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 8 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 9 unconventional unconventional JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 10 metric metric NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 13 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 15 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 16 STDratio stdratio NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 17 value value NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 19 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 20 proxy proxy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 21 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 22 328 328 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 23 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 24 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 170 25 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 1 Although although IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 2 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 3 metric metric NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 4 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 5 limitations limitation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 6 due due JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 7 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 9 dependency dependency NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 10 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 11 magnetisation magnetisation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 12 transfer transfer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 13 329 329 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 14 between between IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 15 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 16 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 17 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 20 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 21 relatively relatively RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 22 rapid rapid JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 23 exchange exchange NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 24 between between IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 26 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 27 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 28 free free JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 29 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 30 -bound -bound JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 31 330 330 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 32 states state NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 34 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 35 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 36 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 37 it -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 38 can can MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 39 nevertheless nevertheless RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 40 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 41 informative informative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 171 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 1 Specifically specifically RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 4 relative relative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 5 STDratio stdratio NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 6 331 331 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 7 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 8 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 9 chemical chemical NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 10 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 11 bound bind VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 12 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 13 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 14 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 15 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 16 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 17 provided provide VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 18 insight insight NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 19 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 20 fragment fragment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 21 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 22 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 23 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 172 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 1 332 332 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 2 2A 2a NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 3 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 5 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 6 crosschecked crosschecke VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 7 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 8 quantitative quantitative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 9 titrations titration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 10 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 11 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 173 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 174 1 S2 s2 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 174 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 174 3 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 174 4 MD MD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 174 5 simulations simulation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 174 6 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 174 7 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 174 8 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 175 1 S3 S3 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 175 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 175 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 3 333 333 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 4 STDratio stdratio NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 5 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 7 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 8 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 9 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 10 held hold VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 12 weak weak JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 13 correlation correlation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 14 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 15 enzymatic enzymatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 16 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 17 parameters parameter NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 18 334 334 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 19 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 20 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 176 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 1 3B 3B NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 4 although although IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 5 false false JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 7 negative negative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 9 -positive -positive JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 10 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 11 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 12 both both DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 13 methods method NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 14 contribute contribute VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 15 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 16 multiple multiple JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 17 335 335 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 18 outliers outlier NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 177 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 1 Thus thus RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 3 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 5 view view NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 7 biggest big JJS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 8 limitation limitation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 10 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 12 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 14 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 15 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 16 value value NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 17 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 18 336 336 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 19 metric metric JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 20 relates relate VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 21 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 23 supra supra JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 24 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 25 linear linear JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 26 sensitivity sensitivity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 27 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 28 ligand ligand VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 29 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 30 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 31 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 178 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 1 S1 S1 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 4 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 5 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 6 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 7 337 337 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 8 here here RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 9 can can MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 10 vary vary VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 11 substantially substantially RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 12 across across IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 13 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 14 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 15 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 16 large large JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 17 project project NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 18 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 19 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 179 20 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 180 1 3A 3A NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 180 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 180 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 1 338 338 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 2 How how WRB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 3 then then RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 4 should should MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 6 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 7 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 8 recorded record VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 9 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 10 part part NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 12 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 13 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 14 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 15 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 181 16 ? ? . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 1 Firstly firstly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 3 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 4 showed show VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 5 339 339 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 6 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 7 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 8 least least JJS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 10 some some DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 11 bespoke bespoke NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 12 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 13 ligands ligand VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 15 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 16 value value NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 17 obtained obtain VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 18 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 19 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 20 better well JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 21 proxy proxy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 22 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 23 340 340 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 24 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 25 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 26 compared compare VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 27 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 28 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 29 parameters parameter NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 30 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 31 enzymatic enzymatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 32 assays assays RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 33 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 34 Fig fig NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 182 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 183 1 S5 S5 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 183 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 183 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 1 This this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 3 inherently inherently RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 5 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 6 341 341 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 8 value value NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 10 employing employ VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 11 orthogonal orthogonal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 12 methods method NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 13 thereby thereby RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 14 minimizing minimize VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 15 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 16 number number NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 17 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 18 potential potential JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 19 false false JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 20 342 342 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 21 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 184 22 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 1 Thus thus RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 3 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 4 one one NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 5 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 6 considering consider VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 7 existing exist VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 8 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 9 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 10 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 11 base base VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 13 design design NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 15 future future JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 16 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 18 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 19 343 343 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 20 high high JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 21 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 22 value value NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 23 as as RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 24 well well RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 25 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 26 low low JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 27 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 28 parameters parameter NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 29 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 30 both both RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 31 desirable desirable JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 185 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 1 Second second JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 3 due due IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 4 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 6 344 344 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 7 aforementioned aforementioned JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 8 limitations limitation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 10 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 12 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 13 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 14 value value NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 15 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 16 proxy proxy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 17 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 18 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 20 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 22 345 345 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 23 .CC .CC , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 24 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 25 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 26 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 27 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 28 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 29 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 30 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 31 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 32 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 33 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 34 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 35 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 36 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 37 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 38 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 39 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 40 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 41 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 42 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 43 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 44 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 45 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 46 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 47 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 48 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 49 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 50 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 51 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 52 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 53 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 54 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 55 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 56 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 57 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 186 58 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 24 13 13 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 25 influence influence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 26 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 27 uncertainties uncertainty NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 28 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 29 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 30 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 31 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 32 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 33 believe believe VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 34 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 35 comparisons comparison NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 36 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 37 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 38 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 39 346 346 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 40 derivatives derivative NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 41 differing differ VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 42 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 43 less less JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 44 than than IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 45 ~50 ~50 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 46 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 47 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 48 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 49 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 50 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 51 meaningful meaningful JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 187 52 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 1 Rather rather RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 3 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 4 propose propose VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 5 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 7 347 347 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 8 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 9 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 10 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 11 M m NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 12 pro pro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 13 ligands ligand VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 14 measured measured JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 15 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 16 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 17 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 19 CDD CDD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 20 database database NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 21 should should MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 22 be be VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 23 treated treat VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 24 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 25 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 26 348 348 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 27 qualitative qualitative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 28 metrics metric NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 29 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 30 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 31 affinity affinity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 188 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 1 349 349 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 2 In in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 3 conclusion conclusion NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 5 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 6 presented present VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 7 here here RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 8 protocols protocol NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 11 assessment assessment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 12 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 13 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 15 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 16 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 17 ligands ligand VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 18 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 19 350 350 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 20 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 21 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 22 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 23 spectroscopy spectroscopy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 25 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 26 evaluated evaluate VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 27 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 28 relative relative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 29 qualitative qualitative JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 30 affinities affinity NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 31 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 32 chemical chemical NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 33 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 34 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 35 351 351 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 36 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 37 designed design VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 38 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 39 part part NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 40 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 41 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 42 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 189 43 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 1 Although although IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 2 development development NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 4 novel novel JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 5 antivirals antiviral NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 6 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 7 352 352 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 8 combat combat NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 9 COVID-19 COVID-19 , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 10 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 11 still still RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 12 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 13 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 14 early early JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 15 stage stage NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 17 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 18 hope hope VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 19 that that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 20 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 21 information information NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 22 will will MD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 23 prove prove VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 24 valuable valuable JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 25 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 26 353 353 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 27 groups group NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 28 working work VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 29 towards towards IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 30 such such JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 31 treatments treatment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 190 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 1 354 354 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 2 355 355 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 3 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 4 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 5 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 6 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 7 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 8 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 9 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 10 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 11 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 12 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 13 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 14 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 15 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 16 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 17 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 18 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 19 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 20 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 22 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 23 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 24 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 26 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 27 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 28 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 29 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 30 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 31 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 32 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 33 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 35 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 36 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 37 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 191 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 24 14 14 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 25 References reference NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 26 356 356 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 27 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 28 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 29 WHO who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 192 30 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 193 1 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 193 2 disease disease NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 193 3 2019 2019 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 193 4 [ [ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 193 5 Available available JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 193 6 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 193 7 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 193 8 357 357 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 193 9 https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 193 10 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 194 1 358 358 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 194 2 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 194 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 1 Kucharski Kucharski NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 2 AJ AJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 4 Russell Russell NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 5 TW TW NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 7 Diamond Diamond NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 8 C C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 10 Liu Liu NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 11 Y Y NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 13 Edmunds Edmunds NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 14 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 16 Funk Funk NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 17 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 195 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 1 Early early JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 2 dynamics dynamic NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 4 359 359 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 5 transmission transmission NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 6 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 7 control control NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 8 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 9 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 10 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 12 mathematical mathematical JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 13 modelling modelling NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 14 study study NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 196 15 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 197 1 Lancet Lancet NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 197 2 Infect Infect NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 197 3 Dis Dis NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 197 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 198 1 360 360 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 198 2 2020;20(5):553 2020;20(5):553 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 198 3 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 198 4 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 198 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 199 1 361 361 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 199 2 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 199 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 1 Wu Wu NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 2 F F NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 4 Zhao Zhao NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 5 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 7 Yu Yu NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 8 B B NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 10 Chen Chen NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 11 YM YM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 13 Wang Wang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 14 W W NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 16 Song Song NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 17 ZG ZG NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 200 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 1 A a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 2 new new JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 3 coronavirus coronavirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 4 associated associate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 5 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 6 362 362 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 7 human human JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 8 respiratory respiratory JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 9 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 10 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 11 China China NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 201 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 202 1 Nature nature NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 202 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 203 1 2020;579(7798):265 2020;579(7798):265 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 203 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 203 3 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 203 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 204 1 363 363 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 204 2 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 204 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 1 Zhu Zhu NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 2 N N NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 4 Zhang Zhang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 5 D D NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 7 Wang Wang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 8 W W NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 10 Li Li NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 11 X X NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 13 Yang Yang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 14 B B NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 16 Song Song NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 17 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 205 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 1 A a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 2 Novel novel JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 3 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 4 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 5 Patients Patients NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 6 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 7 364 364 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 8 Pneumonia Pneumonia NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 9 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 10 China China NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 12 2019 2019 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 206 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 207 1 N N NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 207 2 Engl Engl NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 207 3 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 207 4 Med Med NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 207 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 208 1 2020;382(8):727 2020;382(8):727 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 208 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 208 3 33 33 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 208 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 209 1 365 365 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 209 2 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 209 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 1 Bermingham Bermingham NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 2 A A NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 4 Chand Chand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 5 MA MA NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 7 Brown Brown NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 8 CS CS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 10 Aarons Aarons NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 11 E E NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 13 Tong Tong NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 14 C C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 16 Langrish Langrish NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 17 C C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 210 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 1 Severe severe JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 2 respiratory respiratory JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 3 366 366 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 4 illness illness NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 5 caused cause VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 6 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 7 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 8 novel novel JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 11 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 12 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 13 patient patient NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 14 transferred transfer VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 15 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 17 United United NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 18 Kingdom Kingdom NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 19 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 21 367 367 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 22 Middle Middle NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 23 East East NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 25 September September NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 26 2012 2012 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 211 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 212 1 Euro Euro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 212 2 Surveill Surveill NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 212 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 213 1 2012;17(40):20290 2012;17(40):20290 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 213 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 214 1 368 368 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 214 2 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 214 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 1 Kuiken Kuiken NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 2 T T NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 4 Fouchier Fouchier NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 5 RA RA NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 7 Schutten Schutten NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 8 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 10 Rimmelzwaan Rimmelzwaan NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 11 GF GF NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 13 van van NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 14 Amerongen Amerongen NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 15 G G NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 17 van van NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 18 Riel Riel NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 19 D D NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 21 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 22 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 215 23 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 1 369 369 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 2 Newly newly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 3 discovered discover VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 4 coronavirus coronavirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 5 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 7 primary primary JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 8 cause cause NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 10 severe severe JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 11 acute acute JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 12 respiratory respiratory JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 13 syndrome syndrome NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 216 14 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 217 1 Lancet Lancet NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 217 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 218 1 370 370 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 218 2 2003;362(9380):263 2003;362(9380):263 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 218 3 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 218 4 70 70 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 218 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 219 1 371 371 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 219 2 7 7 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 219 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 1 Zaki Zaki NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 2 AM AM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 4 van van NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 5 Boheemen Boheemen NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 6 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 8 Bestebroer Bestebroer NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 9 TM TM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 11 Osterhaus Osterhaus NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 12 AD AD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 14 Fouchier Fouchier NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 15 RA RA NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 220 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 1 Isolation isolation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 3 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 4 novel novel JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 5 372 372 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 6 coronavirus coronavirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 7 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 8 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 9 man man NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 10 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 11 pneumonia pneumonia NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 12 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 13 Saudi Saudi NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 14 Arabia Arabia NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 221 15 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 222 1 N N NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 222 2 Engl Engl NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 222 3 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 222 4 Med Med NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 222 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 223 1 2012;367(19):1814 2012;367(19):1814 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 223 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 223 3 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 223 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 224 1 373 373 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 224 2 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 224 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 1 Thiel Thiel NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 2 V V NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 4 Ivanov Ivanov NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 5 KA KA NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 7 Putics Putics NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 8 A A NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 10 Hertzig Hertzig NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 11 T T NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 13 Schelle Schelle NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 14 B B NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 16 Bayer Bayer NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 17 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 225 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 226 1 Mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 226 2 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 226 3 enzymes enzyme VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 226 4 374 374 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 226 5 involved involve VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 226 6 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 226 7 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 226 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 226 9 genome genome JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 226 10 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 226 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 227 1 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 227 2 Gen Gen NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 227 3 Virol Virol NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 227 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 228 1 2003;84(Pt 2003;84(Pt NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 228 2 9):2305 9):2305 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 228 3 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 228 4 15 15 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 228 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 229 1 375 375 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 229 2 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 229 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 1 Bredenbeek bredenbeek JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 2 PJ PJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 4 Pachuk Pachuk NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 5 CJ CJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 7 Noten Noten NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 8 AF AF NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 10 Charite Charite NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 11 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 13 Luytjes Luytjes NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 14 W W NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 16 Weiss Weiss NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 17 SR SR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 230 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 2 primary primary JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 3 376 376 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 4 structure structure NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 5 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 6 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 9 second second JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 10 open open JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 11 reading reading NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 12 frame frame NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 15 polymerase polymerase NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 16 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 17 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 19 377 377 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 20 coronavirus coronavirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 21 MHV MHV NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 22 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 23 A59 A59 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 24 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 25 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 26 highly highly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 27 conserved conserve VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 28 polymerase polymerase NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 29 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 30 expressed express VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 31 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 32 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 33 efficient efficient JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 34 ribosomal ribosomal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 35 378 378 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 36 frameshifting frameshifting NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 37 mechanism mechanism NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 231 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 232 1 Nucleic Nucleic NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 232 2 Acids Acids NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 232 3 Res Res NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 232 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 233 1 1990;18(7):1825 1990;18(7):1825 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 233 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 233 3 32 32 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 233 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 234 1 379 379 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 234 2 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 234 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 1 Hilgenfeld Hilgenfeld NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 2 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 3 From from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 4 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 5 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 6 MERS MERS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 7 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 8 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 9 studies study NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 10 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 11 coronaviral coronaviral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 12 proteases protease NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 13 enable enable VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 14 380 380 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 15 antiviral antiviral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 16 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 17 design design NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 235 18 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 236 1 FEBS FEBS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 236 2 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 237 1 2014;281(18):4085 2014;281(18):4085 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 237 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 237 3 96 96 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 237 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 238 1 381 381 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 238 2 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 238 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 1 Ghosh Ghosh NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 2 AK AK NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 4 Xi Xi NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 5 K K NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 7 Grum Grum NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 8 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 9 Tokars Tokars NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 10 V V NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 12 Xu Xu NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 13 X X NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 15 Ratia Ratia NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 16 K K NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 18 Fu Fu NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 19 W W NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 21 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 22 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 239 23 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 1 Structure structure NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 3 based base VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 4 design design NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 6 synthesis synthesis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 8 382 382 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 9 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 10 biological biological JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 11 evaluation evaluation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 12 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 13 peptidomimetic peptidomimetic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 14 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 15 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 16 CoV CoV NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 17 3CLpro 3clpro CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 18 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 240 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 241 1 Bioorg bioorg NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 241 2 Med Med NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 241 3 Chem Chem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 241 4 Lett Lett NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 241 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 242 1 383 383 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 242 2 2007;17(21):5876 2007;17(21):5876 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 242 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 242 4 80 80 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 242 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 243 1 384 384 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 243 2 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 243 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 1 Verschueren Verschueren NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 2 KH KH NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 4 Pumpor Pumpor NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 5 K K NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 7 Anemuller Anemuller NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 8 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 10 Chen Chen NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 11 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 13 Mesters Mesters NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 14 JR JR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 16 Hilgenfeld Hilgenfeld NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 17 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 18 A a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 19 structural structural JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 20 view view NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 21 385 385 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 22 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 23 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 24 inactivation inactivation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 25 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 26 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 27 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 28 coronavirus coronavirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 29 main main JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 30 proteinase proteinase NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 31 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 32 benzotriazole benzotriazole NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 33 esters ester NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 244 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 245 1 Chem Chem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 245 2 Biol Biol NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 245 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 246 1 386 386 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 246 2 2008;15(6):597 2008;15(6):597 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 246 3 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 246 4 606 606 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 246 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 247 1 387 387 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 247 2 13 13 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 247 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 1 Yang Yang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 2 H H NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 4 Yang Yang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 5 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 7 Ding Ding NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 8 Y Y NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 10 Liu Liu NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 11 Y Y NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 13 Lou Lou NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 14 Z Z NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 16 Zhou Zhou NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 17 Z Z NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 248 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 2 crystal crystal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 3 structures structure NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 5 severe severe JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 6 acute acute JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 7 388 388 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 8 respiratory respiratory JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 9 syndrome syndrome NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 10 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 11 main main JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 12 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 13 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 15 complex complex NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 16 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 17 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 18 inhibitor inhibitor NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 249 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 250 1 Proc Proc NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 250 2 Natl Natl NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 250 3 Acad Acad NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 250 4 Sci Sci NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 250 5 U U NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 250 6 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 250 7 A. a. NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 251 1 389 389 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 251 2 2003;100(23):13190 2003;100(23):13190 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 251 3 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 251 4 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 251 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 252 1 390 390 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 252 2 14 14 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 252 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 1 Yang Yang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 2 H H NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 4 Xie Xie NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 5 W W NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 7 Xue Xue NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 8 X X NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 10 Yang Yang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 11 K K NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 13 Ma Ma NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 14 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 16 Liang Liang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 17 W W NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 253 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 1 Design design NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 3 wide wide JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 5 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 6 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 7 391 391 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 8 targeting target VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 10 main main JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 11 proteases protease NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 254 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 255 1 PLoS PLoS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 255 2 Biol Biol NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 255 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 256 1 2005;3(10):e324 2005;3(10):e324 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 256 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 257 1 392 392 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 257 2 15 15 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 257 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 1 Zhang Zhang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 2 L L NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 4 Lin Lin NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 5 D D NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 7 Sun Sun NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 8 X X NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 10 Curth Curth NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 11 U U NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 13 Drosten Drosten NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 14 C C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 16 Sauerhering Sauerhering NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 17 L L NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 258 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 1 Crystal crystal JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 2 structure structure NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 4 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 5 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 6 CoV-393 CoV-393 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 7 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 8 main main JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 9 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 10 provides provide VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 12 basis basis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 13 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 14 design design NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 15 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 16 improved improve VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 17 alpha alpha NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 18 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 19 ketoamide ketoamide NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 20 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 259 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 260 1 Science science NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 260 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 261 1 394 394 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 261 2 2020;368(6489):409 2020;368(6489):409 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 261 3 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 261 4 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 261 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 262 1 395 395 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 262 2 16 16 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 262 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 1 Rut Rut NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 2 W W NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 4 Groborz Groborz NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 5 K K NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 7 Zhang Zhang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 8 L L NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 10 Sun Sun NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 11 X X NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 13 Zmudzinski Zmudzinski NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 14 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 16 Pawlik Pawlik NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 17 B B NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 263 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 1 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 3 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 4 M(pro M(pro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 5 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 6 396 396 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 7 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 9 activity activity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 10 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 11 based base VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 12 probes probe NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 13 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 14 patient patient JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 15 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 16 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 17 imaging imaging NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 264 18 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 265 1 Nat Nat NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 265 2 Chem Chem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 265 3 Biol Biol NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 265 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 266 1 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 266 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 1 397 397 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 2 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 3 . . CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 5 Achdout Achdout NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 6 H H NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 8 Aimon Aimon NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 9 A A NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 11 Bar Bar NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 12 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 13 David David NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 14 E E NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 16 Barr Barr NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 17 H H NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 19 Ben Ben NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 20 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 21 Shmuel Shmuel NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 22 A A NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 24 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 25 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 267 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 1 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 2 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 3 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 4 Open open VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 5 398 398 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 6 Science Science NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 7 Discovery Discovery NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 8 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 9 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 10 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 11 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 12 Main Main NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 13 Protease Protease NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 14 Inhibitors Inhibitors NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 15 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 16 Combining combine VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 17 Crowdsourcing Crowdsourcing NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 19 High-399 High-399 NFP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 20 Throughput throughput NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 21 Experiments Experiments NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 23 Computational Computational NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 24 Simulations Simulations NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 26 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 27 Machine Machine NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 28 Learning Learning NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 268 29 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 269 1 bioRxiv biorxiv NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 269 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 270 1 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 270 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 271 1 400 400 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 271 2 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 271 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 1 Douangamath Douangamath NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 2 A A NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 4 Fearon Fearon NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 5 D D NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 7 Gehrtz Gehrtz NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 8 P P NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 10 Krojer Krojer NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 11 T T NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 13 Lukacik Lukacik NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 14 P P NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 16 Owen Owen NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 17 CD CD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 272 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 1 Crystallographic Crystallographic NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 2 401 401 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 3 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 4 electrophilic electrophilic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 5 fragment fragment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 6 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 9 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 10 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 11 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 12 main main JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 13 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 273 14 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 274 1 Nat Nat NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 274 2 Commun Commun NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 274 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 275 1 402 402 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 275 2 2020;11(1):5047 2020;11(1):5047 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 275 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 1 403 403 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 2 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 3 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 4 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 5 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 6 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 7 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 8 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 9 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 10 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 11 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 12 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 13 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 14 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 15 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 16 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 17 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 18 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 19 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 21 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 22 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 23 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 25 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 26 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 27 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 28 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 29 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 30 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 31 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 32 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 33 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 34 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 35 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 36 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 276 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 24 15 15 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 25 19 19 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 277 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 1 El El NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 3 Baba Baba NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 4 TJ TJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 6 Lutomski Lutomski NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 7 CA CA NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 9 Kantsadi Kantsadi NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 10 AL AL NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 12 Malla Malla NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 13 TR TR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 15 John John NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 16 T T NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 18 Mikhailov Mikhailov NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 19 V V NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 21 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 22 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 278 23 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 1 Allosteric Allosteric NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 2 Inhibition inhibition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 3 404 404 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 6 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 7 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 8 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 9 Main Main NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 10 Protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 11 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 12 Insights insight NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 13 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 14 Mass Mass NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 15 Spectrometry Spectrometry NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 16 Based Based NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 17 Assays Assays NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 279 18 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 280 1 Angew angew VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 280 2 Chem Chem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 280 3 Int Int NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 280 4 405 405 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 280 5 Edit Edit NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 280 6 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 281 1 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 281 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 282 1 406 406 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 282 2 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 282 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 283 1 Mayer Mayer NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 283 2 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 283 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 283 4 Meyer Meyer NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 283 5 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 1 Characterization Characterization NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 3 Ligand Ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 4 Binding Binding NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 5 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 6 Saturation Saturation NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 7 Transfer Transfer NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 8 Difference Difference NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 9 407 407 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 10 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 11 Spectroscopy Spectroscopy NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 284 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 285 1 Angew angew VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 285 2 Chem Chem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 285 3 Int Int NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 285 4 Ed Ed NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 285 5 Engl Engl NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 285 6 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 286 1 1999;38(12):1784 1999;38(12):1784 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 286 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 286 3 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 286 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 287 1 408 408 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 287 2 21 21 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 287 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 1 Becker Becker NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 2 W W NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 4 Bhattiprolu Bhattiprolu NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 5 KC KC NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 7 Gubensak Gubensak NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 8 N N NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 10 Zangger Zangger NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 11 K. K. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 12 Investigating Investigating NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 13 Protein Protein NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 15 Ligand Ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 16 Interactions Interactions NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 17 409 409 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 18 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 19 Solution Solution NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 20 Nuclear Nuclear NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 21 Magnetic Magnetic NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 22 Resonance Resonance NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 23 Spectroscopy Spectroscopy NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 288 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 289 1 Chemphyschem Chemphyschem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 289 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 290 1 2018;19(8):895 2018;19(8):895 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 290 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 290 3 906 906 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 290 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 291 1 410 410 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 291 2 22 22 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 291 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 1 Walpole Walpole NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 2 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 4 Monaco Monaco NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 5 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 7 Nepravishta Nepravishta NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 8 R R NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 10 Angulo Angulo NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 11 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 12 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 13 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 14 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 15 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 16 technique technique NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 17 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 18 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 19 screening screen VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 20 411 411 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 21 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 22 structural structural JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 23 studies study NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 292 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 293 1 Methods method NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 293 2 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 293 3 Enzymology Enzymology NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 293 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 294 1 615 615 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 294 2 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 294 3 Elsevier elsevier NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 294 4 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 294 5 2019 2019 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 294 6 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 294 7 p. p. NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 294 8 423 423 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 294 9 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 294 10 51 51 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 294 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 295 1 412 412 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 295 2 23 23 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 295 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 1 Rogala Rogala NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 2 KB KB NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 4 Dynes Dynes NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 5 NJ NJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 7 Hatzopoulos Hatzopoulos NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 8 GN GN NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 10 Yan Yan NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 11 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 13 Pong Pong NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 14 SK SK NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 16 Robinson Robinson NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 17 CV CV NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 296 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 2 Caenorhabditis Caenorhabditis NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 3 413 413 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 4 elegans elegan NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 5 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 6 SAS-5 sas-5 JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 7 forms form NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 8 large large JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 9 oligomeric oligomeric JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 10 assemblies assembly NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 11 critical critical JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 12 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 13 centriole centriole NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 14 formation formation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 297 15 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 298 1 Elife elife NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 298 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 299 1 414 414 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 299 2 2015;4 2015;4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 299 3 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 299 4 e07410 e07410 XX 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 299 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 300 1 415 415 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 300 2 24 24 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 300 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 301 1 Hwang Hwang NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 301 2 TL TL NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 301 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 301 4 Shaka Shaka NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 301 5 AJ AJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 301 6 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 1 Water water NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 2 Suppression Suppression NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 3 That that IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 4 Works Works NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 5 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 6 Excitation excitation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 7 Sculpting sculpt VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 8 Using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 9 Arbitrary Arbitrary NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 10 416 416 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 11 Wave Wave NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 12 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 13 Forms Forms NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 14 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 15 Pulsed Pulsed NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 16 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 17 Field Field NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 18 Gradients Gradients NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 302 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 303 1 Journal Journal NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 303 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 303 3 Magnetic Magnetic NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 303 4 Resonance Resonance NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 303 5 Series Series NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 303 6 A. a. NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 304 1 1995;112(2):275 1995;112(2):275 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 304 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 304 3 417 417 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 304 4 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 304 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 305 1 418 418 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 305 2 25 25 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 305 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 1 Abraham Abraham NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 2 MJ MJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 4 Murtola Murtola NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 5 T T NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 7 Schulz Schulz NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 8 R R NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 10 Páll Páll NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 11 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 13 Smith Smith NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 14 JC JC NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 16 Hess Hess NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 17 B B NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 306 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 1 GROMACS GROMACS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 2 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 3 High high JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 4 419 419 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 5 performance performance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 6 molecular molecular JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 7 simulations simulation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 8 through through IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 9 multi multi JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 10 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 11 level level JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 12 parallelism parallelism NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 13 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 14 laptops laptop NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 15 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 16 supercomputers supercomputer NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 307 17 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 308 1 420 420 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 308 2 SoftwareX. SoftwareX. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 309 1 2015;1:19 2015;1:19 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 309 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 309 3 25 25 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 309 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 310 1 421 421 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 310 2 26 26 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 310 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 1 Lindorff Lindorff NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 3 Larsen Larsen NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 4 K K NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 6 Piana Piana NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 7 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 9 Palmo Palmo NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 10 K K NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 12 Maragakis Maragakis NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 13 P P NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 15 Klepeis Klepeis NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 16 JL JL NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 18 Dror Dror NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 19 RO RO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 21 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 22 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 311 23 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 1 Improved improve VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 2 side-422 side-422 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 3 chain chain NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 4 torsion torsion NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 5 potentials potential NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 6 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 8 Amber Amber NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 9 ff99SB ff99SB NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 10 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 11 force force NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 12 field field NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 312 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 313 1 Proteins protein NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 313 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 314 1 2010;78(8):1950 2010;78(8):1950 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 314 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 314 3 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 314 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 315 1 423 423 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 315 2 27 27 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 315 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 1 Bayly Bayly NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 2 CI CI NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 4 Cieplak Cieplak NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 5 P P NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 7 Cornell Cornell NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 8 W W NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 10 Kollman Kollman NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 11 PA PA NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 13 A a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 14 well well RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 15 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 16 behaved behave VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 17 electrostatic electrostatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 18 potential potential NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 19 based base VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 20 424 424 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 21 method method NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 22 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 23 charge charge NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 24 restraints restraint NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 25 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 26 deriving derive VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 27 atomic atomic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 28 charges charge NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 29 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 30 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 31 RESP RESP NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 32 model model NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 316 33 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 317 1 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 317 2 Phys Phys NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 317 3 Chem Chem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 317 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 318 1 425 425 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 318 2 1993;97(40):10269 1993;97(40):10269 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 318 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 318 4 80 80 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 318 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 319 1 426 426 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 319 2 28 28 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 319 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 1 Bussi Bussi NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 2 G G NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 4 Zykova Zykova NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 5 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 6 Timan Timan NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 7 T T NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 9 Parrinello Parrinello NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 10 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 11 Isothermal Isothermal NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 12 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 13 isobaric isobaric JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 14 molecular molecular JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 15 dynamics dynamic NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 16 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 17 427 427 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 18 stochastic stochastic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 19 velocity velocity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 20 rescaling rescaling NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 320 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 321 1 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 321 2 Chem Chem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 321 3 Phys Phys NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 321 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 322 1 2009;130(7):074101 2009;130(7):074101 LS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 322 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 323 1 428 428 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 323 2 29 29 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 323 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 1 Darden Darden NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 2 T T NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 4 York York NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 5 D D NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 7 Pedersen Pedersen NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 8 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 9 Particle Particle NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 10 mesh mesh NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 11 Ewald Ewald NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 12 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 13 An an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 14 N⋅ n⋅ JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 15 log log NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 16 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 17 N n NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 18 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 19 method method NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 20 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 21 Ewald Ewald NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 22 sums sum VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 23 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 24 429 429 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 25 large large JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 26 systems system NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 324 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 325 1 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 325 2 Chem Chem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 325 3 Phys Phys NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 325 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 326 1 1993;98(12):10089 1993;98(12):10089 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 326 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 326 3 92 92 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 326 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 327 1 430 430 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 327 2 30 30 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 327 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 1 Michaud Michaud NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 3 Agrawal Agrawal NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 4 N N NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 6 Denning Denning NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 7 EJ EJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 9 Woolf Woolf NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 10 TB TB NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 12 Beckstein Beckstein NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 13 O. O. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 14 MDAnalysis MDAnalysis NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 15 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 16 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 17 toolkit toolkit NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 18 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 19 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 20 431 431 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 21 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 22 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 23 molecular molecular JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 24 dynamics dynamic NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 25 simulations simulation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 328 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 329 1 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 329 2 Comput Comput NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 329 3 Chem Chem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 329 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 330 1 2011;32(10):2319 2011;32(10):2319 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 330 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 330 3 27 27 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 330 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 331 1 432 432 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 331 2 31 31 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 331 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 1 Gowers gower NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 2 RJ RJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 4 Linke Linke NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 5 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 7 Barnoud Barnoud NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 8 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 10 Reddy Reddy NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 11 TJE TJE NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 13 Melo Melo NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 14 MN MN NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 16 Seyler Seyler NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 17 SL SL NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 19 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 20 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 21 . . NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 23 editors editor NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 332 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 1 MDAnalysis mdanalysis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 2 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 3 A a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 4 433 433 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 5 Python Python NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 6 package package NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 9 rapid rapid JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 10 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 12 molecular molecular JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 13 dynamics dynamic NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 14 simulations simulation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 333 15 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 1 15th 15th NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 2 Python Python NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 3 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 4 Science Science NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 5 434 434 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 6 Conference Conference NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 7 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 8 2016 2016 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 9 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 10 Austin Austin NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 12 TX TX NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 334 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 335 1 435 435 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 335 2 32 32 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 335 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 336 1 DeLano DeLano NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 336 2 WL WL NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 336 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 337 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 337 2 PyMOL PyMOL NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 337 3 Molecular Molecular NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 337 4 Graphics Graphics NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 337 5 System System NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 337 6 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 338 1 DeLano DeLano NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 338 2 Scientific Scientific NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 338 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 338 4 San San NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 338 5 Carlos Carlos NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 338 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 338 7 CA CA NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 338 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 338 9 USA USA NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 338 10 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 339 1 436 436 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 339 2 http://www.pymol.org.2002 http://www.pymol.org.2002 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 339 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 340 1 437 437 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 340 2 33 33 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 340 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 1 Collaborative Collaborative NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 2 Drug Drug NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 3 Discovery Discovery NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 4 database database NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 5 public public JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 6 access access NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 7 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 8 [ [ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 9 Available available JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 10 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 11 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 12 438 438 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 341 13 https://www.collaborativedrug.com/public-access/. https://www.collaborativedrug.com/public-access/. . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 342 1 439 439 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 342 2 34 34 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 342 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 1 Grum Grum NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 3 Tokars Tokars NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 4 V V NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 6 Ratia Ratia NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 7 K K NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 9 Begaye Begaye NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 10 A A NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 12 Baker Baker NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 13 SC SC NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 15 Mesecar Mesecar NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 16 AD AD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 343 17 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 1 Evaluating evaluate VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 3 3C 3c NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 5 like like JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 6 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 7 440 440 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 8 activity activity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 10 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 12 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 13 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 14 recommendations recommendation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 15 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 16 standardized standardized JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 17 assays assays RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 18 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 19 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 20 discovery discovery NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 344 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 345 1 Virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 345 2 441 441 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 345 3 Res Res NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 345 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 346 1 2008;133(1):63 2008;133(1):63 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 346 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 346 3 73 73 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 346 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 347 1 442 442 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 347 2 35 35 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 347 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 1 Davies davy NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 2 TG TG NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 4 Wixted wixte VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 5 WE WE NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 7 Coyle Coyle NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 8 JE JE NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 10 Griffiths Griffiths NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 12 Jones Jones NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 13 C C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 15 Hearn Hearn NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 16 K K NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 18 McMenamin McMenamin NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 19 R R NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 21 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 22 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 348 23 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 1 Monoacidic Monoacidic NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 2 443 443 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 3 Inhibitors Inhibitors NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 6 Kelch Kelch NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 7 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 8 like like JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 9 ECH ECH NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 10 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 11 Associated Associated NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 12 Protein Protein NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 13 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 14 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 15 Nuclear Nuclear NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 16 Factor Factor NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 17 Erythroid Erythroid NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 18 2-Related 2-Related NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 19 Factor Factor NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 20 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 21 444 444 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 22 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 23 KEAP1 keap1 RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 24 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 25 NRF2 nrf2 JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 26 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 27 Protein Protein NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 28 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 29 Protein Protein NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 30 Interaction Interaction NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 31 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 32 High High NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 33 Cell Cell NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 34 Potency Potency NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 35 Identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 36 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 37 Fragment Fragment NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 38 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 39 Based base VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 40 445 445 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 41 Discovery Discovery NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 349 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 350 1 J J NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 350 2 Med Med NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 350 3 Chem Chem NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 350 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 351 1 2016;59(8):3991 2016;59(8):3991 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 351 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 351 3 4006 4006 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 351 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 352 1 446 446 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 352 2 36 36 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 352 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 1 Erlanson Erlanson NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 2 DA DA NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 4 Fesik Fesik NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 5 SW SW NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 7 Hubbard Hubbard NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 8 RE RE NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 10 Jahnke Jahnke NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 11 W W NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 13 Jhoti Jhoti NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 14 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 15 Twenty Twenty NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 16 years year NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 17 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 18 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 19 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 20 impact impact NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 21 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 22 447 447 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 23 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 24 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 25 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 26 discovery discovery NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 353 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 354 1 Nat Nat NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 354 2 Rev Rev NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 354 3 Drug Drug NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 354 4 Discov Discov NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 354 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 355 1 2016;15(9):605 2016;15(9):605 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 355 2 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 355 3 19 19 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 355 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 1 448 448 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 2 449 449 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 3 450 450 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 4 .CC .cc CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 5 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 6 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 7 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 8 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 9 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 10 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 12 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 13 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 14 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 15 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 16 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 17 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 18 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 19 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 20 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 21 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 23 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 24 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 25 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 27 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 28 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 29 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 30 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 31 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 32 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 33 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 34 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 36 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 37 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 38 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 356 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 21 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 24 16 16 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 25 Acknowledgements acknowledgement NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 26 451 451 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 27 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 28 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 29 grateful grateful JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 30 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 31 Nick Nick NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 32 Soffe Soffe NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 33 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 34 maintenance maintenance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 35 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 36 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 37 Oxford Oxford NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 38 Biochemistry Biochemistry NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 39 solution solution NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 40 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 41 facility facility NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 42 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 43 452 452 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 44 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 45 Claire Claire NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 46 Strain Strain NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 47 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 48 Damerell Damerell NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 49 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 50 Petra Petra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 51 Lukacik Lukacik NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 52 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 53 Martin Martin NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 54 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 55 Walsh Walsh NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 56 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 57 advice advice NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 58 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 59 Mpro mpro JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 60 production production NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 61 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 62 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 63 453 453 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 64 Anthony Anthony NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 65 Aimon Aimon NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 66 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 67 Frank Frank NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 68 von von NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 69 Delft Delft NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 70 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 71 providing provide VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 72 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 73 DSI DSI NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 74 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 75 poised poise VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 76 fragment fragment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 77 library library NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 78 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 79 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 80 Adrián Adrián NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 81 García García NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 82 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 83 454 454 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 84 Nil Nil NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 85 Casajuana Casajuana NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 86 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 87 Clàudia Clàudia NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 88 Llinàs Llinàs NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 89 del del NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 90 Torrent Torrent NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 91 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 92 advice advice NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 93 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 94 MD MD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 95 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 96 tools tool NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 97 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 98 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 99 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 100 Leonardo Leonardo NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 101 455 455 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 102 Pardo Pardo NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 103 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 104 providing provide VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 105 access access NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 106 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 107 high high JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 108 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 109 performance performance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 110 computing computing NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 111 facilities facility NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 357 112 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 1 This this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 2 work work NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 3 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 4 supported support VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 5 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 6 456 456 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 7 philanthropic philanthropic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 8 donations donation NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 9 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 11 University University NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 12 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 13 Oxford Oxford NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 14 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 15 Research Research NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 16 Response Response NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 17 Fund Fund NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 18 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 19 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 20 457 457 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 21 Oxford Oxford NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 22 Glycobiology Glycobiology NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 23 Institute Institute NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 24 Endowment Endowment NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 358 25 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 2 Oxford Oxford NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 3 Biochemistry Biochemistry NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 4 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 5 facility facility NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 6 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 7 supported support VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 8 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 9 458 458 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 11 Wellcome Wellcome NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 12 Trust Trust NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 13 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 14 094872 094872 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 15 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 16 Z/10 Z/10 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 17 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 18 Z Z NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 19 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 22 Engineering Engineering NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 23 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 24 Physical Physical NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 25 Sciences Sciences NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 26 Research Research NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 27 Council Council NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 28 459 459 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 30 EP EP NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 31 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 32 R029849/1 R029849/1 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 33 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 36 Wellcome Wellcome NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 37 Institutional Institutional NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 38 Strategic Strategic NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 39 Support Support NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 40 Fund Fund NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 41 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 42 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 43 EPA EPA NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 44 Cephalosporin Cephalosporin NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 45 Fund Fund NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 46 460 460 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 47 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 48 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 49 John John NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 50 Fell Fell NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 51 OUP OUP NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 52 Research Research NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 53 Fund Fund NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 359 54 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 1 This this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 2 work work NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 3 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 4 also also RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 5 supported support VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 6 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 8 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 9 Reinforcement reinforcement NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 10 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 11 461 461 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 12 Postdoctoral Postdoctoral NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 13 Researchers Researchers NNPS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 15 2nd 2nd NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 16 Cycle cycle NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 17 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 18 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 19 MIS-5033021 MIS-5033021 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 20 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 22 implemented implement VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 23 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 25 Greek Greek NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 26 State State NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 27 Scholarships Scholarships NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 28 462 462 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 29 Foundation Foundation NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 30 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 31 ΙΚΥ ΙΚΥ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 32 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 360 33 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 1 463 463 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 2 464 464 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 3 465 465 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 4 .CC .cc CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 5 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 6 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 7 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 8 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 9 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 10 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 12 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 13 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 14 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 15 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 16 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 17 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 18 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 19 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 20 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 21 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 23 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 24 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 25 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 27 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 28 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 29 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 30 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 31 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 32 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 33 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 34 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 36 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 37 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 38 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 361 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 24 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 25 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 26 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 27 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 28 1D 1D NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 29 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 30 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 31 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 32 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 33 spectra spectra NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 34 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 35 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 36 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 37 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 38 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 39 pro pro NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 362 40 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 1 A a LS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 3 Methyl methyl NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 4 regions region NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 5 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 6 1H 1h JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 7 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 8 spectra spectra NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 10 466 466 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 11 recombinant recombinant JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 12 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 14 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 15 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 363 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 2 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 3 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 5 left left NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 6 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 7 recorded record VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 8 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 9 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 10 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 11 μM μm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 12 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 13 467 467 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 14 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 15 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 16 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 17 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 18 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 19 mm mm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 20 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 21 tube tube NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 22 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 23 25 25 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 24 oC oC NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 25 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 26 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 27 excitation excitation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 28 sculpting sculpt VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 29 water water NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 30 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 31 suppression suppression NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 32 468 468 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 33 method method NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 34 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 35 24 24 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 36 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 364 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 1 512 512 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 2 acquisitions acquisition NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 3 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 4 recycle recycle NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 5 delay delay NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 7 1.25 1.25 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 8 sec sec NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 9 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 10 averaged average VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 12 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 13 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 14 total total JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 15 experiment experiment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 16 469 469 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 17 time time NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 18 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 19 just just RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 20 over over IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 21 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 22 min min NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 365 23 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 2 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 3 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 5 right right NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 6 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 7 recorded record VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 8 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 9 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 10 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 11 μM μM NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 12 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 13 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 14 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 15 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 16 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 17 470 470 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 18 mm mm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 19 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 20 tube tube NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 21 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 22 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 23 oC oc CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 25 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 26 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 27 same same JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 28 pulse pulse NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 29 sequence sequence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 30 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 31 acquisition acquisition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 32 parameters parameter NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 366 33 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 1 For for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 2 both both DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 3 471 471 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 4 spectra spectra NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 6 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 7 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 8 processed process VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 9 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 10 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 11 quadratic quadratic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 12 sine sine NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 13 function function NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 14 prior prior RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 15 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 16 Fourier Fourier NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 17 transformation transformation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 367 18 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 1 Protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 2 472 472 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 3 resonances resonance NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 4 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 5 weaker weak JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 6 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 8 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 9 oC oC NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 10 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 11 due due IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 12 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 13 lower low JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 14 temperature temperature NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 15 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 17 reduced reduce VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 18 amount amount NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 19 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 20 473 473 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 21 sample sample NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 22 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 23 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 24 acquisition acquisition NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 25 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 26 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 27 smaller small JJR 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 28 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 29 tube tube NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 368 30 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 2 position position NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 3 where where WRB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 4 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 5 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 6 resonance resonance NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 7 irradiation irradiation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 8 474 474 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 9 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 10 applied apply VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 11 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 12 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 13 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 14 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 15 indicated indicate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 369 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 1 B b NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 3 Vertically vertically RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 4 offset offset VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 5 1H 1h JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 6 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 7 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 8 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 9 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 10 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 11 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 12 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 13 475 475 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 14 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 15 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 16 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 370 17 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 2 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 3 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 4 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 5 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 6 black black NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 7 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 9 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 11 H2O h2o NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 12 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 13 DMSO DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 14 1H 1H NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 15 resonances resonance NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 16 476 476 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 17 indicated indicate VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 371 18 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 2 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 3 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 5 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 6 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 8 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 10 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 11 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 12 shown show VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 13 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 14 red red JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 15 while while IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 16 that that DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 17 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 19 477 477 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 20 absence absence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 21 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 22 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 23 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 24 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 25 green green JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 372 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 1 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 2 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 3 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 4 scaled scale VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 5 up up RP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 6 64x 64x NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 7 compared compare VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 8 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 10 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 11 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 373 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 1 478 478 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 2 Bottom bottom JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 3 panels panel NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 4 correspond correspond VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 5 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 6 magnified magnified JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 7 views view NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 8 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 10 indicated indicate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 11 spectral spectral JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 12 regions region NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 14 with with IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 15 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 16 479 479 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 17 resonances resonance NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 18 assigned assign VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 19 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 20 chemical chemical JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 21 groups group NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 22 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 23 that that DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 24 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 25 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 26 shown show VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 374 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 1 480 480 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 2 481 481 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 3 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 4 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 5 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 6 Assessment assessment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 8 fragment fragment NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 9 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 10 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 11 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 12 pro pro NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 375 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 1 A a LS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 3 STDratio stdratio NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 4 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 5 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 6 chemical chemical NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 7 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 8 identified identify VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 9 482 482 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 10 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 11 crystallographic crystallographic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 12 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 13 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 14 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 15 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 16 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 17 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 18 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 19 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 376 20 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 1 Ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 2 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 3 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 5 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 6 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 7 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 8 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 9 483 483 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 10 coloured colour VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 11 orange orange NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 13 at at IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 15 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 16 dimer dimer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 17 interface interface NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 18 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 19 red red NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 21 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 22 elsewhere elsewhere RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 23 on on IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 25 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 26 surface surface NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 27 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 28 blue blue NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 377 29 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 1 B b NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 3 484 484 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 4 Overlay Overlay NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 6 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 7 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 8 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 9 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 10 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 11 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 12 x0305 x0305 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 14 x0387 x0387 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 15 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 16 x434 x434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 18 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 19 bind bind VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 21 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 22 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 23 site site NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 25 485 485 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 26 showing show VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 27 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 28 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 29 aromatic aromatic NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 30 region region NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 31 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 32 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 33 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 34 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 35 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 378 36 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 379 1 Spectra Spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 379 2 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 379 3 colour colour NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 379 4 coded code VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 379 5 per per IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 379 6 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 379 7 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 379 8 486 486 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 379 9 indicated indicate VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 379 10 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 1 As as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 2 seen see VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 5 three three CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 6 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 7 yield yield VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 8 significantly significantly RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 9 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 10 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 11 signal signal NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 12 intensities intensity NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 13 captured capture VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 14 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 15 487 487 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 17 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 18 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 19 shown show VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 20 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 21 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 22 A a NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 23 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 380 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 1 C C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 3 Overlay overlay NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 5 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 6 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 7 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 8 fragments fragments NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 9 x305 x305 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 11 x376 x376 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 12 and and CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 13 x540 x540 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 15 488 488 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 16 showing show VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 17 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 18 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 19 aromatic aromatic NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 20 region region NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 381 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 1 Peak peak NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 2 intensities intensity NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 3 vary vary VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 4 substantially substantially RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 6 suggesting suggest VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 7 significant significant JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 8 489 489 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 9 differences difference NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 10 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 11 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 12 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 382 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 383 1 490 490 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 383 2 491 491 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 383 3 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 383 4 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 383 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 1 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 3 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 5 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 6 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 7 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 8 binding bind VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 9 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 10 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 11 pro pro NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 384 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 1 A a LS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 3 Overlay overlay NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 5 reference reference NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 6 spectra spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 7 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 8 492 492 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 10 indicated indicate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 11 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 12 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 13 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 15 showing show VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 17 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 18 aromatic aromatic NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 19 region region NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 20 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 21 each each DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 22 case case NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 385 23 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 386 1 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 386 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 386 3 493 493 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 386 4 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 386 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 386 6 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 386 7 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 387 1 Spectra Spectra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 387 2 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 387 3 colour colour NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 387 4 coded code VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 387 5 per per IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 387 6 ligand ligand NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 387 7 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 387 8 indicated indicate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 387 9 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 1 As as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 2 seen see VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 4 peak peak JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 5 intensities intensity NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 6 vary vary VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 7 494 494 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 8 substantially substantially RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 10 suggesting suggest VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 11 significant significant JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 12 differences difference NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 13 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 14 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 15 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 388 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 1 Peaks Peaks NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 3 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 4 EDJ EDJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 5 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 6 MED-495 MED-495 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 7 c8e7a002 c8e7a002 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 8 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 9 1 1 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 10 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 11 green green NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 12 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 13 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 14 indicated indicate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 15 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 16 arrows arrow NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 18 ligand ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 19 EDJ EDJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 20 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 21 MED MED NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 22 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 23 e4b030d8 e4b030d8 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 24 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 25 12 12 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 26 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 27 red red NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 28 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 29 produced produce VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 30 no no DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 31 peaks peak NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 32 496 496 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 35 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 36 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 389 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 1 B b NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 3 Plot Plot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 5 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 6 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 7 from from IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 8 COVID COVID NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 9 Moonshot Moonshot NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 10 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 11 assessed assess VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 12 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 13 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 15 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 16 497 497 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 17 against against IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 19 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 20 value value NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 21 estimated estimate VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 22 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 23 RapidFire RapidFire NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 24 mass mass NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 25 spectroscopy spectroscopy NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 26 enzymatic enzymatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 27 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 28 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 29 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 30 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 390 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 1 Ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 2 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 3 498 498 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 4 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 5 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 6 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 7 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 8 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 9 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 10 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 12 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 13 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 14 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 15 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 16 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 17 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 18 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 19 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 20 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 21 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 23 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 24 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 25 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 27 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 28 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 29 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 30 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 31 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 32 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 33 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 34 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 36 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 37 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 38 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 391 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 24 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 25 blue blue JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 26 show show NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 27 weak weak JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 28 correlation correlation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 29 between between IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 30 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 31 two two CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 32 methods method NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 33 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 34 red red JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 35 line line NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 36 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 37 corresponding correspond VBG 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 38 to to IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 39 an an DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 40 exponential exponential JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 41 499 499 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 42 function function NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 43 along along IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 44 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 45 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 46 dimension dimension NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 47 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 392 48 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 1 Ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 2 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 3 grey grey NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 4 represent represent VBP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 5 outliers outlier NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 8 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 10 NMR NMR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 11 or or CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 12 enzymatic enzymatic JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 13 500 500 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 14 method method NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 15 as as IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 16 discussed discuss VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 17 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 19 text text NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 393 20 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 1 501 501 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 2 502 502 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 3 503 503 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 4 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 5 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 6 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 7 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 8 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 9 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 10 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 12 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 13 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 14 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 15 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 16 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 17 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 18 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 19 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 20 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 21 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 23 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 24 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 25 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 27 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 28 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 29 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 30 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 31 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 32 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 33 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 34 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 36 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 37 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 38 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 394 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 24 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 25 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 26 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 27 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 28 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 29 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 30 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 31 H2O h2o CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 32 DMSO DMSO NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 33 Reference Reference NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 34 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 35 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 36 + + CC 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 37 Mpro Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 38 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 39 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 40 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 41 -Mpro -Mpro NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 42 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 43 B b NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 44 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 45 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 46 STD STD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 47 irradiation irradiation NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 48 A a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 49 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 50 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 51 25 25 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 52 oC oc CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 53 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 54 oC oC NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 55 δ δ NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 56 1H 1H NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 57 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 58 ppm ppm NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 59 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 60 N N NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 61 NH NH NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 62 NH NH NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 63 O o NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 64 x0434 x0434 NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 65 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 66 δ δ NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 67 1H 1H NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 68 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 69 ppm ppm NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 70 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 71 δ δ NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 72 1H 1H NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 73 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 74 ppm ppm NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 75 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 76 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 77 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 78 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 79 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 80 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 81 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 82 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 83 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 84 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 85 .CC .cc CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 86 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 87 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 88 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 89 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 90 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 91 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 92 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 93 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 94 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 95 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 96 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 97 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 98 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 99 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 100 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 101 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 102 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 103 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 104 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 105 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 106 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 107 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 108 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 109 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 110 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 111 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 112 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 113 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 114 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 115 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 116 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 117 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 118 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 119 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 395 120 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 24 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 25 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 26 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 27 30 30 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 28 40 40 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 29 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 30 60 60 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 31 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 32 x0195 x0195 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 33 x0540 x0540 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 34 x0426 x0426 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 35 x0305 x0305 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 36 x0072 x0072 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 37 x0161 x0161 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 38 x0107 x0107 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 39 x1249 x1249 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 40 x0395 x0395 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 41 x0354 x0354 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 42 x0387 x0387 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 43 x0397 x0397 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 44 x1187 x1187 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 45 x0390 x0390 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 46 x0194 x0194 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 47 X X NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 48 1086 1086 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 49 X x NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 50 1237 1237 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 51 X X NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 52 0350 0350 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 53 x1226 x1226 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 54 X X NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 55 1235 1235 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 56 X x NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 57 0669 0669 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 58 x0398 x0398 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 59 x0478 x0478 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 60 X X NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 61 1119 1119 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 62 X x NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 63 0177 0177 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 64 X x NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 65 0376 0376 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 66 X x NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 67 1132 1132 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 68 X x NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 69 0499 0499 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 70 X x NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 71 1101 1101 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 72 X X NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 73 1163 1163 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 74 x0464 x0464 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 75 X X NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 76 0336 0336 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 77 X x NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 78 0165 0165 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 79 x0425 x0425 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 80 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 81 TD TD NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 82 ra ra NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 83 tio tio NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 84 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 85 x x DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 86 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 87 0- 0- SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 88 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 89 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 90 Ligand Ligand NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 91 fragments fragment NNS 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 92 x0305 x0305 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 93 x0387 x0387 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 94 x0434 x0434 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 95 [ [ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 96 ppm ppm NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 97 ] ] -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 98 8.5 8.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 99 8.0 8.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 100 7.5 7.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 101 7.0 7.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 102 6.5 6.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 103 δ δ NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 104 1H 1H NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 105 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 106 ppm ppm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 107 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 108 B b NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 109 A a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 110 [ [ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 111 ppm ppm NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 112 ] ] -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 113 8.0 8.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 114 7.5 7.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 115 7.0 7.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 116 6.5 6.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 117 6.0 6.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 118 5.5 5.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 119 x0305 x0305 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 120 x0376 x0376 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 121 x0540 x0540 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 122 C C NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 123 .CC .CC , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 124 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 125 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 126 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 127 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 128 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 129 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 130 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 131 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 132 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 133 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 134 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 135 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 136 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 137 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 138 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 139 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 140 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 141 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 142 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 143 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 144 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 145 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 146 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 147 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 148 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 149 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 150 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 151 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 152 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 153 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 154 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 155 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 156 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 157 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 396 158 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 PRP$ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 24 [ [ -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 25 ppm ppm NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 26 ] ] -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 27 8.0 8.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 28 7.5 7.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 29 7.0 7.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 30 6.5 6.5 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 31 6.0 6.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 32 RAL RAL NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 33 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 34 THA-6b94ceba-1 THA-6b94ceba-1 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 35 LOR LOR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 36 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 37 NOR NOR NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 38 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 39 c954e7ad-2 c954e7ad-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 40 EDJ EDJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 41 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 42 MED MED NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 43 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 44 c8e7a002 c8e7a002 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 45 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 46 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 47 EDJ EDJ NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 48 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 49 MED MED NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 50 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 51 e4b030d8 e4b030d8 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 52 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 53 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 54 A a NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 55 δ δ NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 56 1H 1h NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 57 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 58 ppm ppm NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 59 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 60 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 61 0.1 0.1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 62 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 63 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 64 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 65 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 66 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 67 200 200 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 68 300 300 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 69 400 400 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 70 500 500 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 71 R r NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 72 ap ap UH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 73 i -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 74 d d FW 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 75 Fi Fi NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 76 re re IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 77 IC IC NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 78 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 79 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 80 µ µ NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 81 M M NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 82 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 83 STDratio STDratio NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 84 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 85 x x SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 86 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 87 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 88 3)B 3)B NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 89 R2=30 R2=30 NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 90 % % NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 91 .CC .CC , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 92 - - : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 93 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 94 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 95 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 96 licenseavailable licenseavailable NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 97 under under IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 98 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 99 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 100 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 101 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 102 not not RB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 103 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 104 by by IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 105 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 106 review review NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 107 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 108 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 109 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 110 author author NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 111 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 112 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 113 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 114 who who WP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 115 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 116 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 117 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 118 a a DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 119 license license NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 120 to to TO 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 121 display display VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 122 the the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 123 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 124 in in IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 125 perpetuity perpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 397 126 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 5 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 6 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 9 preprintthis preprintthis NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 10 version version NN 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 11 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 12 January January NNP 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 13 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 15 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 18 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679doi ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 19 : : : 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 20 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 21 preprint preprint JJ 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 22 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.156679 ADD 10_1101-2020_06_17_156679 398 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ADD