A sermon preach'd before the Queen at White-Hall, March the 7th, 1689/90 by John Tillotson ...
         Tillotson, John, 1630-1694.
      
       
         
           1690
        
      
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             A sermon preach'd before the Queen at White-Hall, March the 7th, 1689/90 by John Tillotson ...
             Tillotson, John, 1630-1694.
          
           [2], 32 p.
           
             Printed for Brabazon Aylmer ..., Will. Rogers ..., and John Tillotson ...,
             London :
             1690.
          
           
             Half-title: Dr. Tillotson's sermon before the Queen, March the 7th, 1689/90.
             Advertisement: p. 32.
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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           Bible. -- N.T. -- Matthew XXV, 46 -- Sermons.
           Sermons, English -- 17th century.
        
      
    
     
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           Dr.
           
           TILLOTSON's
           SERMON
           Before
           the
           QUEEN
           .
           
             March
             the
          
           7th
           .
           1689
           /
           90.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           A
           SERMON
           Preach'd
           before
           the
           QUEEN
           AT
           WHITE-HALL
           ,
           March
           the
           7th
           ,
           1689
           /
           90.
           
        
         
           By
           
             JOHN
             TILLOTSON
          
           ,
           D.
           D.
           Dean
           of
           St.
           
           Paul's
           :
           And
           Clerk
           of
           the
           Closet
           to
           His
           Majesty
           .
        
         
           
             Published
             by
             Their
             Majesties
             Special
             Command
             .
          
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           for
           
             Brabazon
             Aylmer
          
           ,
           at
           the
           
             Three
             Pigeons
          
           against
           the
           
             Royal
             Exchange
          
           in
           
             Cornhil
             :
             Will.
             Rogers
          
           ,
           at
           the
           Sun
           over-against
           St.
           
           Dunstan's
           Church
           in
           Fleet-street
           :
           and
           
             John
             Tillotson
          
           Bookseller
           in
           London
           .
           M
           DC
           XC
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           A
           SERMON
           Preached
           at
           White-Hall
           .
        
         
           
             MATTH
             .
             25.
             46.
             
          
           
             And
             these
             shall
             go
             away
             into
             everlasting
             punishment
             ,
             but
             the
             Righteous
             into
             life
             eternal
             .
          
        
         
           AMong
           all
           the
           arguments
           to
           Repentance
           and
           a
           good
           Life
           ,
           those
           have
           the
           greatest
           force
           and
           power
           upon
           the
           minds
           of
           men
           ,
           which
           are
           fetch'd
           from
           another
           World
           ;
           and
           from
           the
           final
           state
           of
           good
           and
           bad
           men
           after
           this
           Life
           .
           And
           this
           our
           Saviour
           represents
           to
           us
           in
           a
           most
           lively
           manner
           ,
           in
           that
           prospect
           which
           ,
           in
           the
           later
           part
           of
           this
           Chapter
           ,
           he
           gives
           us
           of
           the
           Judgment
           of
           the
           
             great
             Day
          
           ,
           namely
           ,
           that
           at
           the
           end
           of
           the
           World
           the
           
           
             Son
             of
             Man
             shall
             come
             in
             his
             glory
             ,
             with
             his
             Holy
             Angels
             ,
             and
             shall
             sit
             upon
             the
             Throne
             of
             his
             Glory
             ;
             and
             all
             Nations
             shall
             be
             gathered
             before
             him
             ,
          
           and
           shall
           be
           separated
           into
           two
           great
           Companies
           ,
           the
           Righteous
           and
           the
           Wicked
           ;
           who
           shall
           stand
           the
           one
           on
           the
           Right
           hand
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           on
           the
           Left
           of
           this
           great
           Judge
           ;
           who
           shall
           pronounce
           sentence
           severally
           upon
           them
           according
           to
           the
           actions
           which
           they
           have
           done
           in
           this
           Life
           :
           The
           Righteous
           shall
           be
           rewarded
           with
           eternal
           happiness
           ,
           and
           the
           Wicked
           shall
           be
           sentenc'd
           to
           everlasting
           punishment
           .
           
             And
             these
          
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           
             the
             Wicked
             ,
             shall
             go
             away
             into
             everlasting
             punishment
             ,
          
           but
           the
           Righteous
           into
           Life
           eternal
           .
        
         
           The
           Words
           are
           plain
           and
           need
           no
           explication
           .
           For
           I
           take
           it
           for
           granted
           ,
           that
           every
           one
           ,
           at
           first
           hearing
           of
           them
           ,
           does
           clearly
           apprehend
           the
           difference
           between
           the
           Righteous
           and
           the
           Wicked
           ,
           and
           between
           endless
           Happiness
           and
           Misery
           :
           But
           although
           these
           Words
           be
           so
           very
           easie
           to
           be
           understood
           ,
           they
           can
           never
           be
           too
           much
           consider'd
           by
           us
           .
           The
           Scope
           and
           design
           of
           them
           is
           ,
           to
           represent
           to
           us
           the
           different
           Fates
           of
           good
           and
           bad
           men
           in
           another
           World
           ,
           and
           that
           their
           Ends
           there
           ,
           will
           be
           as
           different
           ,
           as
           their
           Ways
           and
           doings
           have
           been
           here
           in
           this
           World
           :
           The
           serious
           consideration
           whereof
           is
           the
           greatest
           
           discouragement
           to
           Sin
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           powerful
           argument
           in
           the
           World
           to
           a
           holy
           and
           vertuous
           life
           :
           Because
           it
           is
           an
           argument
           taken
           from
           our
           greatest
           and
           most
           lasting
           interest
           ,
           our
           happiness
           or
           our
           misery
           to
           all
           Eternity
           :
           A
           concernment
           of
           that
           vast
           consequence
           ,
           that
           it
           must
           be
           the
           greatest
           stupidity
           and
           folly
           in
           the
           World
           for
           any
           man
           to
           neglect
           it
           .
        
         
           This
           eternal
           state
           of
           Rewards
           and
           Punishments
           in
           another
           World
           ,
           our
           
             Blessed
             Saviour
          
           hath
           clearly
           revealed
           to
           us
           .
           And
           as
           to
           one
           part
           of
           it
           ,
           viz.
           That
           good
           men
           shall
           be
           eternally
           happy
           in
           another
           World
           ,
           every
           one
           gladly
           admits
           it
           :
           But
           many
           are
           loth
           that
           the
           other
           part
           should
           be
           true
           ,
           concerning
           the
           eternal
           punishment
           of
           wicked
           men
           .
           And
           therefore
           they
           pretend
           that
           it
           is
           contrary
           to
           the
           Justice
           of
           God
           to
           punish
           temporary
           Crimes
           with
           eternal
           Torments
           :
           Because
           Justice
           always
           observes
           a
           proportion
           between
           Offences
           and
           Punishments
           :
           but
           between
           temporary
           Sins
           and
           eternal
           Punishments
           there
           is
           no
           proportion
           .
           And
           as
           this
           seems
           hard
           to
           be
           reconcil'd
           with
           Justice
           ,
           so
           much
           more
           with
           that
           excess
           of
           Goodness
           which
           we
           suppose
           to
           be
           in
           God.
           
        
         
           And
           therefore
           they
           say
           ,
           that
           though
           God
           seem
           to
           have
           declar'd
           that
           impenitent
           Sinners
           
           shall
           be
           everlastingly
           punish'd
           ,
           yet
           these
           declarations
           of
           Scripture
           are
           so
           to
           be
           mollified
           and
           understood
           ,
           as
           that
           we
           may
           be
           able
           to
           reconcile
           them
           with
           the
           essential
           perfections
           of
           the
           Divine
           nature
           .
        
         
           This
           is
           the
           full
           force
           and
           strength
           of
           the
           Objection
           .
           And
           my
           work
           at
           this
           time
           shall
           be
           to
           clear
           ,
           if
           I
           can
           ,
           this
           difficult
           Point
           .
           And
           that
           for
           these
           two
           Reasons
           .
           First
           ,
           For
           the
           vindication
           of
           the
           Divine
           Justice
           and
           Goodness
           .
           That
           God
           may
           be
           justified
           in
           his
           sayings
           ,
           and
           appear
           Righteous
           when
           he
           judgeth
           .
           And
           Secondly
           ,
           because
           the
           belief
           of
           the
           threatnings
           of
           God
           in
           their
           utmost
           extent
           is
           of
           so
           great
           moment
           to
           a
           good
           Life
           ,
           and
           so
           great
           a
           discouragement
           to
           Sin
           :
           For
           the
           sting
           of
           Sin
           is
           the
           terrour
           of
           eternal
           punishment
           ;
           and
           if
           men
           were
           once
           set
           free
           from
           the
           fear
           and
           belief
           of
           this
           ,
           the
           most
           powerful
           restraint
           from
           Sin
           would
           be
           taken
           away
           .
        
         
           So
           that
           in
           answer
           to
           this
           Objection
           ,
           I
           shall
           endeavour
           to
           prove
           these
           two
           things
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           That
           the
           eternal
           punishment
           of
           wicked
           men
           in
           another
           World
           is
           plainly
           threatned
           in
           Scripture
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           That
           this
           is
           not
           inconsistent
           either
           with
           the
           Justice
           or
           the
           Goodness
           of
           God.
           
        
         
         
           First
           ,
           That
           the
           eternal
           punishment
           of
           wicked
           men
           in
           another
           World
           is
           plainly
           threatned
           in
           Scripture
           ,
           namely
           ,
           in
           these
           following
           
             Texts
             ,
             Matth.
          
           18.
           8.
           
           
             It
             is
             better
             for
             thee
             to
             enter
             into
             Life
             halt
             and
             maimed
             ,
             than
             having
             two
             hands
             or
             two
             feet
             to
             be
             cast
             into
             everlasting
             fire
             .
          
           And
           Matth.
           25.
           41.
           
           
             Depart
             ye
             cursed
             into
             everlasting
             fire
             ,
             prepared
             for
             the
             Devil
             and
             his
             Angels
             .
          
           And
           here
           in
           the
           
             Text
             ,
             these
          
           ,
           that
           is
           the
           
             wicked
             ,
             shall
             go
             away
             into
             everlasting
             punishment
             .
          
           And
           Mark
           9.
           
           It
           is
           there
           three
           several
           times
           with
           great
           vehemency
           repeated
           by
           our
           
             Saviour
             ,
             where
             their
             worm
             dyeth
             not
             ,
             and
             the
             fire
             is
             not
             quenched
             .
          
           And
           2
           Thess.
           1.
           9.
           speaking
           of
           
             them
             that
             know
             not
             God
             and
             obey
             not
             the
             Gospel
             of
             his
             Son
             ,
          
           it
           is
           said
           of
           them
           ,
           
             who
             shall
             be
             punish'd
             with
             everlasting
             destruction
             .
          
        
         
           I
           know
           very
           well
           that
           great
           endeavour
           hath
           been
           us'd
           to
           avoid
           the
           force
           of
           these
           Texts
           ,
           by
           shewing
           that
           the
           words
           ,
           
             for
             ever
          
           and
           everlasting
           ,
           are
           frequently
           us'd
           in
           Scripture
           in
           a
           more
           limited
           sence
           ,
           only
           for
           a
           long
           duration
           and
           continuance
           .
           Thus
           ,
           
             for
             ever
          
           ,
           doth
           very
           often
           in
           the
           
             Old
             Testament
          
           only
           signifie
           for
           a
           long
           time
           and
           till
           the
           end
           of
           the
           Jewish
           Dispensation
           .
           And
           in
           the
           Epistle
           of
           St.
           
             Jude
             ,
             verse
          
           7th
           .
           The
           Cities
           of
           Sodom
           and
           Gomorrah
           are
           said
           to
           be
           
             set
             forth
             for
             an
             example
             ,
             suffering
             the
             vengeance
             of
             eternal
             fire
             ,
          
           that
           
           is
           ,
           of
           a
           fire
           that
           was
           not
           extinguish'd
           till
           those
           Cities
           were
           utterly
           consumed
           .
        
         
           And
           therefore
           to
           clear
           the
           meaning
           of
           the
           forementioned
           
             Texts
             .
             First
          
           ,
           I
           shall
           readily
           grant
           ,
           that
           the
           words
           ,
           
             for
             ever
          
           and
           everlasting
           ,
           do
           not
           always
           in
           Scripture
           signifie
           an
           endless
           duration
           ;
           and
           that
           this
           is
           sufficiently
           proved
           by
           the
           instances
           alledg'd
           to
           this
           purpose
           .
           But
           then
           ,
           Secondly
           ,
           it
           cannot
           be
           denyed
           on
           the
           other
           hand
           ,
           that
           these
           words
           are
           often
           in
           Scripture
           used
           in
           a
           larger
           sence
           and
           so
           as
           necessarily
           to
           signifie
           an
           interminable
           and
           endless
           duration
           .
           As
           where
           Eternity
           is
           attributed
           to
           God
           ,
           and
           he
           is
           said
           to
           
             live
             for
             ever
             and
             ever
          
           :
           And
           where
           eternal
           happiness
           is
           another
           World
           is
           promised
           to
           good
           men
           ,
           and
           that
           
             they
             shall
             be
             for
             ever
             with
             the
             Lord.
          
           Now
           the
           very
           same
           words
           and
           expressions
           are
           used
           concerning
           the
           punishment
           of
           wicked
           men
           in
           another
           life
           ,
           and
           there
           is
           great
           reason
           why
           we
           should
           understand
           them
           in
           the
           same
           extent
           :
           Both
           ,
           because
           if
           God
           had
           intended
           to
           have
           told
           us
           that
           the
           punishment
           of
           wicked
           men
           shall
           have
           no
           end
           ,
           the
           Languages
           wherein
           the
           Scriptures
           are
           written
           do
           hardly
           afford
           fuller
           and
           more
           certain
           words
           ,
           than
           those
           that
           are
           used
           in
           this
           case
           ,
           whereby
           to
           express
           to
           us
           a
           duration
           without
           end
           :
           And
           likewise
           ,
           which
           is
           almost
           a
           peremptory
           
           decision
           of
           the
           thing
           ,
           because
           the
           duration
           of
           the
           punishment
           of
           wicked
           men
           is
           in
           the
           very
           same
           sentence
           express'd
           by
           the
           very
           same
           word
           which
           is
           us'd
           for
           the
           duration
           of
           the
           happiness
           of
           the
           righteous
           :
           As
           is
           evident
           from
           the
           
             Text
             ,
             These
          
           ,
           speaking
           of
           the
           wicked
           ,
           
             shall
             go
             away
          
           ,
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           ,
           
             into
             eternal
             punishment
             ,
             but
             the
             righteous
             ,
          
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           ,
           
             into
             life
             eternal
          
           .
           I
           proceed
           to
           the
        
         
           Second
           thing
           I
           propos'd
           ;
           namely
           ,
           to
           shew
           that
           
           this
           is
           not
           inconsistent
           either
           with
           the
           Justice
           or
           the
           Goodness
           of
           God.
           For
           in
           this
           the
           force
           of
           the
           Objection
           lies
           .
           And
           it
           hath
           been
           attempted
           to
           be
           answered
           several
           ways
           ,
           none
           of
           which
           seems
           to
           me
           to
           give
           clear
           and
           full
           satisfaction
           to
           it
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           it
           is
           said
           by
           some
           ,
           that
           because
           sin
           is
           infinite
           in
           respect
           of
           the
           Object
           against
           whom
           it
           is
           committed
           ,
           which
           is
           God
           ,
           therefore
           it
           deserves
           an
           infinite
           punishment
           .
        
         
           But
           this
           I
           doubt
           will
           upon
           examination
           be
           found
           to
           have
           more
           of
           subtlety
           than
           of
           solidity
           in
           it
           .
           'T
           is
           true
           indeed
           ,
           that
           the
           dignity
           of
           the
           Person
           against
           whom
           any
           offence
           is
           committed
           is
           a
           great
           aggravation
           of
           the
           fault
           .
           For
           which
           reason
           all
           offences
           against
           God
           are
           certainly
           the
           greatest
           of
           all
           other
           .
           But
           that
           crimes
           should
           
           hereby
           be
           heighten'd
           to
           an
           infinite
           degree
           can
           by
           no
           means
           be
           admitted
           ;
           and
           that
           for
           this
           plain
           reason
           ;
           because
           then
           the
           evil
           and
           demerit
           of
           all
           sins
           must
           necessarily
           be
           equal
           ;
           for
           the
           demerit
           of
           no
           sin
           can
           be
           more
           than
           infinite
           :
           And
           if
           the
           demerit
           of
           all
           sins
           be
           equal
           ,
           there
           can
           then
           be
           no
           reason
           for
           the
           degrees
           of
           punishment
           in
           another
           World
           :
           But
           to
           deny
           that
           there
           are
           degrees
           of
           punishment
           there
           ,
           is
           not
           only
           contrary
           to
           reason
           ,
           but
           to
           our
           Saviours
           express
           assertion
           ,
           that
           some
           shall
           be
           
             beaten
             with
             many
             stripes
          
           and
           some
           with
           fewer
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           shall
           be
           
             more
             tolerable
             for
             some
             in
             the
             day
             of
             judgment
          
           than
           for
           others
           .
           Besides
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           same
           reason
           that
           the
           lest
           sin
           that
           is
           committed
           against
           God
           may
           be
           said
           to
           be
           infinite
           because
           of
           its
           object
           ,
           the
           least
           punishment
           that
           is
           inflicted
           by
           God
           may
           be
           said
           to
           be
           infinite
           because
           of
           its
           Author
           ;
           and
           then
           all
           punishments
           from
           God
           as
           well
           as
           all
           sins
           against
           him
           would
           be
           equal
           ;
           which
           is
           palpably
           absurd
           .
           So
           that
           this
           answer
           is
           by
           no
           means
           sufficient
           to
           break
           the
           force
           of
           this
           Objection
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           It
           is
           said
           by
           others
           ,
           that
           if
           wicked
           men
           lived
           for
           ever
           ,
           in
           this
           World
           they
           would
           sin
           for
           ever
           ,
           and
           therefore
           they
           deserve
           to
           be
           punish'd
           for
           ever
           .
           But
           this
           hath
           neither
           
           truth
           nor
           reason
           enough
           in
           it
           to
           give
           satisfaction
           .
           For
           who
           can
           certainly
           tell
           that
           if
           a
           man
           lived
           never
           so
           long
           he
           would
           never
           repent
           and
           grow
           better
           ?
        
         
           Besides
           ,
           that
           the
           Justice
           of
           God
           doth
           onely
           punish
           the
           sins
           which
           men
           have
           committed
           in
           this
           life
           ,
           and
           not
           those
           which
           they
           might
           possibly
           have
           committed
           if
           they
           had
           lived
           longer
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           it
           is
           said
           in
           the
           last
           place
           ,
           that
           God
           hath
           set
           before
           men
           everlasting
           Happiness
           and
           Misery
           ,
           and
           the
           sinner
           hath
           his
           choice
           .
           Here
           are
           two
           things
           said
           which
           seem
           to
           bid
           fairly
           towards
           an
           answer
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           that
           the
           reward
           which
           God
           promiseth
           to
           our
           obedience
           is
           equal
           to
           the
           punishment
           which
           he
           threatens
           to
           our
           disobedience
           .
           But
           yet
           this
           I
           doubt
           will
           not
           reach
           the
           business
           :
           Because
           though
           it
           be
           not
           contrary
           to
           Justice
           to
           exceed
           in
           Rewards
           ,
           that
           being
           matter
           of
           meer
           favour
           ;
           yet
           it
           may
           be
           so
           ,
           to
           exceed
           in
           Punishments
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           it
           is
           further
           said
           ,
           that
           the
           sinner
           in
           this
           case
           hath
           nothing
           to
           complain
           of
           ,
           since
           he
           hath
           his
           own
           choice
           .
           This
           I
           confess
           is
           enough
           to
           silence
           the
           sinner
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           him
           to
           acknowledge
           that
           his
           destruction
           is
           of
           himself
           ;
           but
           yet
           for
           all
           that
           ,
           it
           does
           not
           seem
           so
           clearly
           
           to
           satisfie
           the
           objection
           from
           the
           disproportion
           between
           the
           fault
           and
           the
           punishment
           .
        
         
           And
           therefore
           I
           shall
           endeavour
           to
           clear
           ,
           if
           it
           may
           be
           ,
           this
           matter
           yet
           a
           little
           further
           by
           these
           following
           Considerations
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           let
           it
           be
           consider'd
           ,
           that
           the
           measure
           of
           Penalties
           with
           respect
           to
           Crimes
           is
           not
           onely
           ,
           nor
           always
           ,
           to
           be
           taken
           from
           the
           quality
           and
           degree
           of
           the
           offence
           ,
           much
           less
           from
           the
           duration
           and
           continuance
           of
           it
           ,
           but
           from
           the
           ends
           and
           reasons
           of
           Government
           ;
           which
           require
           such
           penalties
           as
           may
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           possible
           ,
           secure
           the
           observation
           of
           the
           Law
           and
           deter
           men
           from
           the
           breach
           of
           it
           .
           And
           the
           reason
           of
           this
           is
           evident
           ,
           because
           if
           it
           were
           once
           declar'd
           that
           no
           man
           should
           suffer
           longer
           for
           any
           Crime
           than
           according
           to
           the
           proportion
           of
           the
           time
           in
           which
           it
           was
           committed
           ,
           the
           consequence
           of
           this
           would
           be
           that
           sinners
           would
           be
           better
           husbands
           of
           their
           time
           &
           sin
           so
           much
           the
           faster
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           have
           the
           greater
           bargain
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           might
           satisfie
           for
           their
           sins
           by
           a
           shorter
           punishment
           .
        
         
           And
           it
           would
           be
           unreasonable
           likewise
           upon
           another
           account
           ;
           because
           some
           of
           the
           greatest
           sins
           may
           perhaps
           be
           committed
           in
           the
           shortest
           time
           ;
           for
           instance
           ,
           Murther
           ;
           the
           act
           whereof
           may
           be
           over
           in
           a
           moment
           ,
           but
           the
           effects
           of
           it
           
           are
           perpetual
           .
           For
           he
           that
           kills
           a
           man
           once
           kills
           him
           for
           ever
           .
           The
           act
           of
           Murther
           may
           be
           committed
           in
           a
           trice
           ,
           but
           the
           injury
           is
           endless
           and
           irreparable
           .
           So
           that
           this
           objection
           of
           temporary
           Crimes
           being
           punish'd
           with
           so
           much
           longer
           sufferings
           is
           plainly
           of
           no
           force
           .
        
         
           Besides
           ,
           that
           whoever
           considers
           how
           ineffectual
           the
           threatning
           even
           of
           eternal
           torments
           is
           to
           greatest
           part
           of
           sinners
           ,
           will
           soon
           be
           satisfi'd
           that
           a
           less
           penalty
           than
           that
           of
           eternal
           suffering
           would
           to
           the
           far
           greatest
           part
           of
           mankind
           have
           been
           in
           all
           probability
           of
           little
           or
           no
           force
           .
           And
           therefore
           if
           any
           thing
           more
           terrible
           than
           eternal
           vengeance
           could
           have
           been
           threatned
           to
           the
           workers
           of
           iniquity
           ,
           it
           had
           not
           been
           unreasonable
           ,
           because
           it
           would
           all
           have
           been
           little
           enough
           to
           deter
           men
           effectually
           from
           sin
           .
        
         
           So
           that
           what
           proportion
           Crimes
           and
           Penalties
           ought
           to
           bear
           to
           each
           other
           ,
           is
           not
           so
           properly
           a
           consideration
           of
           Justice
           ,
           as
           of
           Wisdom
           and
           Prudence
           in
           the
           Lawgiver
           .
        
         
           And
           the
           reason
           of
           this
           seems
           very
           plain
           ,
           because
           the
           measure
           of
           Penalties
           is
           not
           taken
           from
           any
           strict
           proportion
           betwixt
           Crimes
           and
           Punishment
           ;
           but
           from
           one
           great
           end
           and
           design
           of
           Goverment
           ,
           which
           is
           to
           secure
           the
           observation
           of
           wholesome
           and
           necessary
           Laws
           ;
           and
           
           consequently
           whatever
           Penalties
           are
           proper
           and
           necessary
           to
           this
           end
           are
           not
           unjust
           .
        
         
           And
           this
           Consideration
           I
           desire
           may
           be
           more
           especially
           observed
           ,
           because
           it
           strikes
           at
           the
           very
           foundation
           of
           the
           objection
           .
           For
           if
           the
           appointing
           and
           apportioning
           of
           Penalties
           to
           Crimes
           be
           not
           so
           properly
           a
           consideration
           of
           Justice
           ,
           but
           rather
           of
           Prudence
           in
           the
           Lawgiver
           ;
           then
           whatever
           the
           disproportion
           may
           be
           between
           temporary
           Sins
           and
           eternal
           sufferings
           Justice
           cannot
           be
           said
           to
           be
           concern'd
           in
           it
           .
        
         
           Justice
           indeed
           is
           concern'd
           ,
           that
           the
           Righteous
           and
           the
           Wicked
           should
           not
           be
           treated
           alike
           ;
           and
           farther
           yet
           ,
           that
           greater
           sins
           should
           have
           a
           heavier
           punishment
           ,
           and
           that
           
             mighty
             sinners
             should
             be
             mightily
             tormented
          
           ;
           but
           all
           this
           may
           be
           consider'd
           and
           adjusted
           in
           the
           degree
           and
           the
           intenseness
           of
           the
           suffering
           ,
           without
           making
           any
           difference
           in
           the
           duration
           of
           it
           .
        
         
           The
           case
           then
           in
           short
           stands
           thus
           .
           Whenever
           we
           break
           the
           Laws
           of
           God
           we
           fall
           into
           his
           hands
           and
           lye
           at
           his
           mercy
           ,
           and
           he
           may
           without
           injustice
           inflict
           what
           punishment
           upon
           us
           he
           pleaseth
           :
           And
           consequently
           ,
           to
           secure
           his
           Law
           from
           violation
           ,
           he
           may
           beforehand
           threaten
           what
           penalties
           he
           thinks
           fit
           and
           necessary
           to
           deter
           men
           from
           the
           Transgression
           of
           it
           .
           
           And
           this
           is
           not
           esteemed
           unjust
           among
           men
           ,
           to
           punish
           Crimes
           that
           are
           committed
           in
           an
           instant
           with
           the
           perpetual
           loss
           of
           Estate
           ,
           or
           Liberty
           ,
           or
           Life
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           This
           will
           yet
           appear
           more
           reasonable
           when
           we
           consider
           ,
           that
           after
           all
           he
           that
           threatens
           hath
           still
           the
           power
           of
           execution
           in
           his
           own
           hands
           .
           For
           there
           is
           this
           remarkable
           difference
           between
           Promises
           and
           Threatnings
           ,
           that
           he
           who
           promiseth
           passeth
           over
           a
           right
           to
           another
           ,
           and
           thereby
           stands
           obliged
           to
           him
           in
           Justice
           and
           Faithfulness
           to
           make
           good
           his
           promise
           ;
           and
           if
           he
           do
           not
           ,
           the
           party
           to
           whom
           the
           promise
           is
           made
           is
           not
           onely
           disappointed
           but
           injuriously
           dealt
           withal
           :
           But
           in
           threatnings
           it
           is
           quite
           otherwise
           .
           He
           that
           threatens
           keeps
           the
           right
           of
           punishing
           in
           his
           own
           hand
           ,
           and
           is
           not
           obliged
           to
           execute
           what
           he
           hath
           threatned
           any
           further
           than
           the
           reasons
           and
           ends
           of
           Government
           do
           require
           :
           And
           he
           may
           without
           any
           injury
           to
           the
           party
           threatned
           remit
           and
           abate
           as
           much
           as
           he
           pleaseth
           of
           the
           punishment
           that
           he
           hath
           threatned
           :
           And
           because
           in
           so
           doing
           he
           is
           not
           worse
           but
           better
           than
           his
           word
           ,
           no
           body
           can
           find
           fault
           ,
           or
           complain
           of
           any
           wrong
           or
           injustice
           thereby
           done
           to
           him
           .
        
         
         
           Nor
           is
           this
           any
           impeachment
           of
           Gods
           truth
           and
           faithfulness
           ,
           any
           more
           than
           it
           is
           esteem'd
           among
           men
           a
           piece
           of
           falshood
           not
           to
           do
           what
           they
           have
           threatned
           .
           God
           did
           absolutely
           threaten
           the
           destruction
           of
           the
           City
           of
           Niniveh
           ,
           and
           his
           peevish
           Prophet
           did
           understand
           the
           threatning
           to
           be
           absolute
           ,
           and
           was
           very
           angry
           with
           God
           for
           employing
           him
           in
           a
           message
           that
           was
           not
           made
           good
           .
           But
           God
           understood
           his
           own
           right
           ,
           and
           did
           what
           he
           pleas'd
           notwithstanding
           the
           threatning
           he
           had
           denounc'd
           ,
           and
           for
           all
           Jonah
           was
           so
           touch'd
           in
           honour
           that
           he
           had
           rather
           have
           dyed
           himself
           ,
           than
           that
           Niniveh
           should
           not
           have
           been
           destroy'd
           ,
           onely
           to
           have
           verifi'd
           his
           message
           .
        
         
           I
           know
           it
           is
           said
           in
           this
           case
           ,
           that
           God
           hath
           confirm'd
           these
           threatnings
           by
           an
           Oath
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           certain
           sign
           of
           the
           immutability
           of
           his
           counsel
           ;
           and
           therefore
           his
           Truth
           is
           concern'd
           in
           the
           strict
           and
           rigorous
           execution
           of
           them
           .
           The
           Land
           of
           Canaan
           was
           a
           Type
           of
           Heaven
           ,
           and
           the
           Israelites
           who
           rebell'd
           in
           the
           Wilderness
           were
           also
           a
           Type
           of
           impenitent
           Sinners
           under
           the
           Gospel
           ;
           and
           consequently
           the
           Oath
           of
           God
           concerning
           the
           rebellious
           Israelites
           ,
           when
           
             he
             sware
             in
             his
             wrath
             that
             they
             should
             not
             enter
             into
             his
             rest
             ,
          
           that
           is
           ,
           into
           the
           Land
           of
           Canaan
           ,
           doth
           equally
           
           oblige
           Him
           to
           execute
           his
           threatning
           upon
           all
           impenitent
           Sinners
           under
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           that
           
             they
             shall
             never
             enter
             into
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             God.
          
           And
           this
           is
           very
           truly
           reason'd
           ,
           so
           far
           as
           the
           threatning
           extends
           ;
           which
           if
           we
           attend
           to
           the
           plain
           words
           of
           it
           ,
           beyond
           which
           threatnings
           are
           never
           to
           be
           stretch'd
           ,
           doth
           not
           seem
           to
           reach
           any
           further
           than
           to
           the
           exclusion
           of
           impenitent
           Sinners
           out
           of
           Heaven
           and
           their
           falling
           finally
           short
           of
           the
           Rest
           and
           Happiness
           of
           the
           Righteous
           :
           Which
           however
           ,
           directly
           overthrows
           the
           Opinion
           ascrib'd
           to
           Origen
           that
           the
           Devils
           and
           wicked
           men
           shall
           all
           be
           saved
           at
           last
           ;
           God
           having
           
             sworn
             in
             his
             wrath
             that
             they
             shall
             never
             enter
             into
             his
             rest
             .
          
        
         
           But
           then
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           ete●nal
           misery
           and
           punishment
           threatned
           to
           wicked
           men
           in
           the
           other
           World
           ,
           though
           it
           be
           not
           necessarily
           comprehended
           in
           this
           Oath
           that
           they
           
             shall
             not
             enter
             into
             his
             Rest
             :
          
           yet
           we
           are
           to
           consider
           ,
           that
           both
           the
           tenour
           of
           the
           Sentence
           which
           our
           Blessed
           Saviour
           hath
           assur'd
           us
           will
           be
           pass'd
           upon
           them
           at
           the
           Judgment
           of
           the
           Great
           Day
           ,
           
             Depart
             ye
             cursed
             into
             everlasting
             fire
          
           ;
           and
           likewise
           this
           Declaration
           in
           the
           Text
           ,
           that
           
             the
             Wicked
             shall
             go
             away
             into
             everlasting
             punishment
             ,
          
           though
           they
           do
           not
           restrain
           God
           from
           doing
           what
           he
           pleases
           ,
           yet
           they
           cut
           
           off
           from
           the
           Sinner
           all
           reasonable
           hopes
           of
           the
           relaxation
           or
           mitigation
           of
           them
           .
           For
           since
           the
           great
           Judge
           of
           the
           World
           hath
           made
           so
           plain
           and
           express
           a
           Declaration
           ,
           and
           will
           certainly
           pass
           such
           a
           Sentence
           ,
           it
           would
           be
           the
           greatest
           folly
           and
           madness
           in
           the
           world
           for
           the
           Sinner
           to
           entertain
           any
           hope
           of
           escaping
           it
           ,
           and
           to
           venture
           his
           soul
           upon
           that
           hope
           .
        
         
           I
           know
           but
           one
           thing
           more
           ,
           commonly
           said
           upon
           this
           Argument
           ,
           that
           seems
           material
           .
           And
           that
           is
           this
           ,
           That
           the
           words
           death
           and
           destruction
           and
           perishing
           ,
           whereby
           the
           punishment
           of
           wicked
           men
           in
           the
           other
           World
           is
           most
           frequently
           express'd
           in
           Scripture
           ,
           do
           most
           properly
           import
           annihilation
           and
           an
           utter
           end
           of
           Being
           ;
           and
           therefore
           may
           reasonably
           be
           so
           understood
           in
           the
           matter
           of
           which
           we
           are
           now
           speaking
           .
        
         
           To
           this
           I
           answer
           ,
           that
           these
           words
           ,
           and
           those
           which
           answer
           them
           in
           other
           Languages
           ,
           are
           often
           ,
           both
           in
           Scripture
           and
           other
           Authors
           ,
           used
           to
           signifie
           a
           state
           of
           great
           misery
           and
           suffering
           without
           the
           utter
           extinction
           of
           the
           miserable
           .
           Thus
           God
           is
           often
           in
           Scripture
           said
           to
           bring
           destruction
           upon
           a
           Nation
           when
           he
           sends
           great
           Judgments
           upon
           them
           ,
           though
           they
           do
           not
           exterminate
           and
           make
           an
           utter
           end
           of
           them
           .
        
         
           And
           nothing
           is
           more
           common
           in
           most
           Languages
           ,
           than
           by
           perishing
           to
           express
           a
           person's
           
           being
           undone
           and
           made
           very
           miserable
           .
           As
           in
           that
           known
           passage
           in
           Tiberius
           his
           Letter
           to
           the
           Roman
           Senate
           ,
           *
           
             Let
             all
             the
             Gods
             and
             Goddesses
             ,
          
           saith
           he
           ,
           destroy
           
             me
             worse
             than
             at
             this
             very
             time
             I
             feel
             my self
             to
          
           perish
           ,
           &c.
           in
           which
           Saying
           ,
           the
           words
           ,
           destroy
           and
           perish
           ,
           are
           both
           of
           them
           us'd
           to
           express
           the
           miserable
           anguish
           and
           torment
           which
           at
           that
           time
           he
           felt
           in
           his
           mind
           ,
           as
           Tacitus
           tells
           us
           at
           large
           .
        
         
           And
           as
           for
           the
           word
           Death
           ;
           a
           state
           of
           misery
           which
           is
           as
           bad
           or
           worse
           than
           death
           may
           properly
           enough
           be
           call'd
           by
           that
           name
           :
           And
           for
           this
           reason
           the
           punishment
           of
           wicked
           men
           after
           the
           Day
           of
           Judgment
           is
           in
           the
           Book
           of
           the
           Revelation
           so
           frequently
           and
           fitly
           call'd
           
             the
             second
             death
          
           .
           And
           
             the
             Lake
             of
             fire
          
           ,
           into
           which
           the
           wicked
           
             shall
             be
             cast
          
           to
           be
           tormented
           in
           it
           ,
           is
           expressely
           call'd
           
             the
             second
             death
          
           .
           
        
         
           But
           besides
           this
           ,
           they
           that
           argue
           from
           the
           force
           of
           these
           words
           ,
           that
           the
           punishment
           of
           wicked
           men
           in
           the
           other
           world
           shall
           be
           nothing
           else
           but
           an
           utter
           end
           of
           their
           Being
           ,
           do
           necessarily
           fall
           into
           two
           great
           inconveniencies
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           that
           hereby
           they
           exclude
           all
           positive
           punishment
           and
           torment
           of
           Sinners
           .
           For
           if
           
             the
             second
             death
          
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           destroy'd
           ,
           and
           to
           perish
           ,
           signifie
           nothing
           else
           but
           the
           Annihilation
           of
           Sinners
           
           and
           an
           utter
           extinction
           of
           their
           Being
           ;
           and
           if
           this
           be
           all
           the
           effect
           of
           that
           dreadful
           Sentence
           which
           shall
           be
           pass'd
           upon
           them
           at
           the
           
             Day
             of
             Judgment
          
           ,
           than
           the
           
             Fire
             of
             Hell
          
           is
           quench'd
           all
           at
           once
           ,
           and
           is
           only
           a
           frightful
           Metaphor
           without
           any
           meaning
           .
           But
           this
           is
           directly
           contrary
           to
           the
           tenour
           of
           Scripture
           ,
           which
           doth
           so
           often
           describe
           the
           punishment
           of
           wicked
           men
           in
           Hell
           by
           positive
           torments
           :
           And
           particularly
           our
           Blessed
           Saviour
           ,
           describing
           the
           lamentable
           state
           of
           the
           damned
           in
           Hell
           ,
           expressely
           says
           that
           
             there
             shall
             be
             weeping
             and
             wailing
             and
             gnashing
             of
             teeth
          
           ;
           which
           cannot
           be
           ,
           if
           Annihilation
           be
           all
           the
           meaning
           and
           effect
           of
           the
           Sentence
           of
           the
           Great
           Day
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           another
           inconvenience
           of
           this
           Opinion
           is
           ,
           that
           if
           Annihilation
           be
           all
           the
           punishment
           of
           Sinners
           in
           the
           other
           World
           ,
           then
           the
           punishment
           of
           all
           Sinners
           must
           of
           necessity
           be
           equal
           ,
           because
           there
           are
           no
           degrees
           of
           Annihilation
           or
           not-being
           .
           But
           this
           also
           is
           most
           directly
           contrary
           to
           Scripture
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           already
           shewn
           .
        
         
           I
           know
           very
           well
           that
           some
           who
           are
           of
           this
           Opinion
           do
           allow
           a
           very
           long
           and
           tedious
           time
           of
           the
           most
           terrible
           and
           intolerable
           torment
           of
           Sinners
           ,
           and
           after
           that
           they
           believe
           that
           there
           shall
           be
           an
           utter
           end
           of
           their
           Being
           .
        
         
         
           But
           then
           they
           must
           not
           argue
           this
           from
           the
           force
           of
           the
           Words
           before
           mentioned
           ,
           because
           the
           plain
           inference
           from
           thence
           is
           ,
           that
           Annihilation
           is
           all
           the
           punishment
           that
           wicked
           men
           shall
           undergo
           in
           the
           next
           Life
           ;
           And
           if
           that
           be
           not
           true
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           plainly
           shewn
           that
           it
           is
           not
           ,
           I
           do
           not
           see
           from
           what
           other
           words
           or
           expressions
           in
           Scripture
           they
           can
           find
           the
           lest
           ground
           for
           this
           Opinion
           ,
           that
           the
           torment
           of
           wicked
           men
           shall
           at
           last
           end
           in
           their
           Annihilation
           .
           And
           yet
           admitting
           all
           this
           ,
           for
           which
           I
           think
           there
           is
           no
           ground
           at
           all
           in
           Scripture
           ,
           I
           cannot
           see
           what
           great
           comfort
           Sinners
           can
           take
           in
           the
           thought
           of
           a
           tedious
           time
           of
           terrible
           torment
           ,
           ending
           at
           last
           in
           Annihilation
           and
           the
           utter
           extinction
           of
           their
           Beings
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           we
           may
           consider
           further
           ,
           that
           the
           primary
           end
           of
           all
           Threatnings
           is
           not
           punishment
           ,
           but
           the
           prevention
           of
           it
           .
           For
           God
           does
           not
           threaten
           that
           men
           may
           sin
           and
           be
           punish'd
           ,
           but
           that
           they
           may
           not
           sin
           ,
           and
           so
           may
           escape
           the
           punishment
           threatn'd
           .
           And
           therefore
           the
           higher
           the
           threatning
           runs
           ,
           so
           much
           the
           more
           mercy
           and
           goodness
           there
           is
           in
           it
           ;
           because
           it
           is
           so
           much
           the
           more
           likely
           to
           hinder
           men
           from
           incurring
           the
           penalty
           that
           is
           threatn'd
           .
        
         
           Fourthly
           ,
           Let
           it
           be
           consider'd
           likewise
           ,
           that
           
           when
           it
           is
           so
           very
           plain
           that
           God
           hath
           threatn'd
           eternal
           misery
           to
           impenitent
           Sinners
           ,
           all
           the
           prudence
           in
           the
           World
           obliges
           men
           to
           believe
           that
           he
           is
           in
           good
           earnest
           and
           will
           execute
           these
           threatnings
           upon
           them
           ,
           if
           they
           will
           obstinately
           stand
           it
           out
           with
           him
           and
           will
           not
           be
           brought
           to
           Repentance
           .
           And
           therefore
           in
           all
           reason
           we
           ought
           so
           to
           demean
           our selves
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           perswade
           others
           ,
           as
           knowing
           the
           terrour
           of
           the
           Lord
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           who
           wilfully
           break
           his
           Laws
           are
           in
           danger
           of
           eternal
           Death
           .
           To
           which
           I
           will
           add
           in
           the
        
         
           Fifth
           and
           lást
           place
           ,
           That
           if
           we
           suppose
           that
           God
           did
           intend
           that
           his
           threatnings
           should
           have
           their
           effect
           to
           deter
           men
           from
           the
           breach
           of
           his
           Laws
           ,
           it
           cannot
           be
           imagin'd
           that
           in
           the
           same
           Revelation
           which
           declares
           these
           threatnings
           any
           intimation
           should
           be
           given
           of
           the
           abatement
           or
           non-execution
           of
           them
           .
           For
           by
           this
           God
           would
           have
           weaken'd
           his
           own
           Laws
           ,
           and
           have
           taken
           off
           the
           edge
           and
           terrour
           of
           his
           threatnings
           :
           Because
           a
           threatning
           hath
           quite
           lost
           its
           force
           ,
           if
           we
           once
           come
           to
           beleive
           that
           it
           will
           not
           be
           executed
           :
           And
           consequently
           ,
           it
           would
           be
           a
           very
           impious
           design
           to
           go
           about
           to
           teach
           or
           perswade
           any
           thing
           to
           the
           contrary
           ,
           and
           a
           betraying
           men
           into
           that
           misery
           which
           had
           it
           been
           firmly
           believ'd
           might
           have
           been
           avoided
           .
        
         
         
           We
           are
           all
           bound
           to
           preach
           ,
           and
           You
           and
           I
           are
           all
           bound
           to
           believe
           the
           terrours
           of
           the
           Lord.
           Not
           so
           ,
           as
           sawcily
           to
           determine
           and
           pronounce
           what
           God
           must
           do
           in
           this
           case
           ;
           for
           after
           all
           ,
           He
           may
           do
           what
           he
           will
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           clearly
           shewn
           :
           But
           what
           is
           fit
           for
           us
           to
           do
           ,
           and
           what
           we
           have
           reason
           to
           expect
           ,
           if
           notwithstanding
           a
           plain
           and
           express
           threatning
           of
           
             the
             vengeance
             of
             eternal
             fire
          
           ,
           we
           still
           go
           on
           to
           
             treasure
             up
             to
             our selves
             wrath
             against
             the
             day
             of
             wrath
             ,
             and
             the
             revelation
             of
             the
             righteous
             Judgment
             of
             God
          
           ;
           and
           will
           desperately
           put
           it
           to
           the
           hazard
           ,
           whether
           ,
           and
           how
           far
           ,
           God
           will
           execute
           his
           threatnings
           upon
           Sinners
           in
           another
           World.
           
        
         
           And
           therefore
           there
           is
           no
           need
           why
           we
           should
           be
           very
           sollicitously
           concern'd
           for
           the
           honour
           of
           God's
           Justice
           or
           Goodness
           in
           this
           matter
           .
           Let
           us
           but
           take
           care
           to
           believe
           and
           avoid
           the
           Threatnings
           of
           God
           ;
           and
           then
           ,
           how
           terrible
           soever
           they
           are
           ,
           no
           harm
           can
           come
           to
           us
           .
           And
           as
           for
           God
           ,
           let
           us
           not
           doubt
           but
           that
           he
           will
           take
           care
           of
           his
           own
           Honour
           ;
           and
           that
           He
           ,
           
             who
             is
             holy
             in
             all
             his
             ways
             ,
             and
             righteous
             in
             all
             his
             works
             ,
          
           will
           do
           nothing
           that
           is
           repugnant
           to
           his
           eternal
           Goodness
           and
           Righteousness
           ;
           and
           that
           He
           will
           
           certainly
           so
           manage
           things
           at
           the
           Judgment
           of
           the
           Great
           Day
           ,
           as
           
             to
             be
             justified
             in
             his
             sayings
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             righteous
             when
             we
             are
             judged
             .
          
           For
           ,
           notwithstanding
           his
           Threatnings
           ,
           he
           hath
           reserved
           Power
           enough
           in
           his
           own
           hands
           to
           do
           right
           to
           all
           his
           Perfections
           :
           And
           therefore
           we
           may
           rest
           assur'd
           ,
           that
           he
           will
           
             judge
             the
             world
             in
             righteousness
          
           ;
           and
           if
           it
           be
           any
           wise
           inconsistent
           either
           with
           Righteousness
           or
           Goodness
           ,
           which
           He
           knows
           much
           better
           than
           we
           do
           ,
           to
           make
           Sinners
           miserable
           for
           ever
           ,
           that
           He
           will
           not
           do
           it
           .
        
         
           But
           let
           Sinners
           always
           be
           afraid
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           reckon
           upon
           it
           :
           And
           always
           remember
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           great
           Goodness
           and
           Mercy
           in
           the
           severity
           of
           God's
           Threatnings
           ;
           and
           that
           nothing
           will
           more
           justifie
           the
           infliction
           of
           eternal
           Torments
           ,
           than
           the
           foolish
           presumption
           of
           Sinners
           in
           venturing
           upon
           them
           ,
           notwithstanding
           such
           plain
           and
           terrible
           Threatnings
           .
        
         
           This
           ,
           I
           am
           sure
           ,
           is
           a
           good
           Argument
           to
           all
           of
           us
           ,
           to
           
             work
             out
             our
             Salvation
             with
             fear
             and
             trembling
          
           ;
           and
           with
           all
           possible
           care
           to
           endeavour
           the
           prevention
           of
           that
           misery
           which
           is
           so
           terribly
           severe
           ,
           that
           at
           present
           we
           can
           hardly
           tell
           how
           to
           reconcile
           it
           with
           the
           Justice
           and
           Goodness
           of
           God.
           
        
         
         
           This
           God
           heartily
           desires
           we
           would
           do
           ;
           and
           hath
           solemnly
           sworn
           ,
           that
           
             he
             hath
             no
             pleasure
             in
             the
             death
             of
             the
             wicked
             ,
             but
             rather
             that
             he
             should
             turn
             from
             his
             wickedness
             and
             live
             .
          
           So
           that
           here
           is
           all
           imaginable
           care
           taken
           to
           prevent
           our
           miscarriage
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           assurance
           that
           the
           God
           of
           Truth
           can
           give
           us
           of
           his
           unwillingness
           to
           bring
           this
           misery
           upon
           us
           .
           And
           both
           these
           ,
           I
           am
           sure
           ,
           are
           arguments
           of
           great
           Goodness
           .
           For
           what
           can
           Goodness
           do
           more
           ,
           than
           to
           warn
           us
           of
           this
           misery
           ,
           and
           earnestly
           to
           persuade
           us
           to
           prevent
           it
           ;
           and
           to
           threaten
           us
           so
           very
           terribly
           ,
           on
           purpose
           to
           deter
           us
           from
           so
           great
           a
           danger
           ?
        
         
           And
           if
           this
           will
           not
           prevail
           with
           us
           ,
           but
           we
           will
           still
           go
           on
           to
           
             despise
             the
             riches
             of
             God's
             goodness
             ,
             and
             long-suffering
             ,
             and
             forbearance
          
           ;
           what
           in
           reason
           remains
           for
           us
           ,
           
             but
             a
             fearful
             looking
             for
             of
             Judgment
             and
             fiery
             Indignation
             to
             consume
             us
             ?
          
           And
           what
           almost
           can
           Justice
           ,
           or
           even
           Goodness
           it self
           do
           less
           ,
           than
           to
           inflict
           that
           punishment
           upon
           us
           ,
           which
           with
           eyes
           open
           we
           would
           wilfully
           run
           upon
           ;
           and
           which
           no
           warning
           ,
           no
           persuasion
           ▪
           no
           importunity
           could
           prevail
           with
           us
           to
           avoid
           ?
           And
           when
           ,
           as
           the
           Apostle
           says
           ,
           
             knowing
             the
             Judgment
             of
             God
             ,
             that
             they
             which
             commit
             such
             things
             are
             worthy
             of
             death
          
           ;
           yet
           for
           all
           that
           ,
           we
           would
           venture
           to
           commit
           them
           .
        
         
         
           And
           therefore
           ,
           whatever
           we
           suffer
           ,
           we
           do
           but
           inherit
           our
           own
           choice
           ;
           and
           have
           no
           reason
           to
           complain
           of
           God
           ,
           who
           hath
           set
           before
           us
           Life
           and
           Death
           ,
           eternal
           Happiness
           and
           Misery
           ,
           and
           hath
           left
           us
           to
           be
           the
           Carvers
           of
           our
           own
           Fortune
           :
           And
           if
           ,
           after
           all
           this
           ,
           we
           will
           obstinately
           refuse
           this
           happiness
           ,
           and
           wilfully
           run
           upon
           this
           Misery
           ,
           
             Wo
             unto
             us
             !
             for
             we
             have
             rewarded
             evil
             to
             our selves
             .
          
        
         
           You
           see
           then
           ,
           by
           all
           that
           hath
           been
           said
           upon
           this
           Argment
           ,
           what
           we
           have
           all
           reason
           to
           expect
           ,
           if
           we
           will
           still
           go
           on
           in
           our
           Sins
           ,
           and
           will
           not
           be
           brought
           to
           Repentance
           .
           You
           have
           heard
           ,
           what
           a
           terrible
           Punishment
           the
           just
           God
           hath
           threaten'd
           to
           the
           Workers
           of
           Iniquity
           :
           and
           that
           in
           as
           plain
           words
           as
           can
           be
           used
           to
           express
           any
           thing
           .
           These
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           
             the
             wicked
             ,
             shall
             go
             away
             into
             everlasting
             Punishment
             ,
             but
             the
             righteous
             into
             Life
             eternal
             .
          
        
         
           Here
           are
           Life
           and
           Death
           ,
           Happiness
           and
           Misery
           set
           before
           us
           .
           Not
           this
           frail
           and
           mortal
           Life
           ,
           which
           is
           hardly
           worth
           the
           having
           ,
           were
           it
           not
           in
           order
           to
           a
           better
           and
           happier
           Life
           ;
           nor
           a
           temporal
           Death
           ,
           to
           get
           above
           the
           dread
           whereof
           should
           not
           me
           thinks
           be
           difficult
           to
           us
           ,
           
           were
           it
           not
           for
           the
           bitter
           and
           terrible
           consequences
           of
           it
           :
           But
           an
           eternal
           Life
           ,
           and
           an
           eternal
           enjoyment
           of
           all
           things
           which
           can
           render
           Life
           pleasant
           and
           happy
           ;
           and
           a
           perpetual
           Death
           ,
           which
           will
           for
           ever
           torment
           us
           ,
           but
           never
           make
           an
           end
           of
           us
           .
        
         
           These
           God
           propounds
           to
           our
           choice
           :
           And
           if
           the
           consideration
           of
           them
           will
           not
           prevail
           with
           us
           to
           leave
           our
           sins
           ,
           and
           to
           reform
           our
           lives
           ,
           what
           will
           ?
           Weightier
           Motives
           cannot
           be
           propos'd
           to
           the
           understanding
           of
           Man
           ,
           than
           
             everlasting
             Punishment
          
           ,
           and
           
             Life
             eternal
          
           ;
           than
           the
           greatest
           and
           most
           durable
           happiness
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           intolerable
           and
           lasting
           misery
           that
           human
           Nature
           is
           capable
           of
           .
        
         
           Now
           ,
           considering
           in
           what
           terms
           the
           Threatnings
           of
           the
           Gospel
           are
           express'd
           ,
           we
           have
           all
           the
           reason
           in
           the
           world
           to
           believe
           that
           the
           Punishment
           of
           Sinners
           in
           another
           world
           will
           be
           everlasting
           .
           However
           ,
           we
           cannot
           be
           certain
           of
           the
           contrary
           ,
           time
           enough
           to
           prevent
           it
           ;
           not
           till
           we
           come
           there
           ,
           and
           find
           by
           experience
           how
           it
           is
           :
           And
           if
           it
           prove
           so
           ,
           it
           will
           then
           be
           too
           late
           either
           to
           prevent
           that
           terrible
           Doom
           ,
           or
           to
           get
           it
           revers'd
           .
        
         
         
           Some
           comfort
           themselves
           with
           the
           uncomfortable
           and
           uncertain
           hope
           of
           being
           discharg'd
           out
           of
           Being
           ,
           and
           reduc'd
           to
           their
           first
           Nothing
           ;
           at
           least
           after
           the
           tedious
           and
           terrible
           suffering
           of
           the
           most
           grievous
           and
           exquisite
           Torments
           for
           innumerable
           Ages
           .
           And
           if
           this
           should
           happen
           to
           be
           true
           ,
           good
           God!
           how
           feeble
           ,
           how
           cold
           a
           comfort
           is
           this
           ?
           Where
           is
           the
           Reason
           and
           Understanding
           of
           Men
           ,
           to
           make
           this
           their
           last
           Refuge
           and
           Hope
           ;
           and
           to
           lean
           upon
           it
           as
           a
           matter
           of
           mighty
           consolation
           ,
           that
           they
           shall
           be
           miserable
           beyond
           all
           imagination
           ,
           and
           beyond
           all
           patience
           ,
           for
           God
           knows
           how
           many
           Ages
           ?
           
             Have
             all
             the
             workers
             of
             iniquity
             no
             knowledge
             ?
          
           No
           right
           sense
           and
           judgment
           of
           things
           ?
           No
           consideration
           and
           care
           of
           themselves
           ,
           no
           concernment
           for
           their
           own
           lasting
           Interest
           and
           Happiness
           ?
        
         
           Origen
           ,
           I
           know
           not
           for
           what
           good
           reason
           ,
           is
           said
           to
           have
           been
           of
           opinion
           ,
           That
           the
           punishment
           of
           Devils
           and
           wicked
           men
           ,
           after
           the
           Day
           of
           Judgment
           ,
           will
           continue
           but
           for
           a
           thousand
           years
           ;
           and
           that
           after
           that
           time
           ,
           they
           shall
           all
           be
           finally
           saved
           .
           I
           can
           very
           hardly
           persuade
           my self
           ,
           that
           so
           wise
           and
           learned
           a
           man
           as
           Origen
           was
           ,
           should
           be
           positive
           in
           an
           Opinion
           for
           which
           
           there
           can
           be
           no
           certain
           ground
           in
           Reason
           ,
           especially
           for
           the
           punctual
           and
           precise
           term
           of
           a
           thousand
           years
           ;
           and
           for
           which
           there
           is
           no
           ground
           at
           all
           ,
           that
           I
           know
           of
           ,
           from
           Divine
           Revelation
           .
        
         
           But
           upon
           the
           whole
           matter
           ,
           however
           it
           be
           ;
           be
           it
           for
           a
           thousand
           years
           ,
           or
           be
           it
           for
           a
           longer
           and
           unknown
           term
           ,
           or
           be
           it
           for
           ever
           ,
           which
           seems
           to
           be
           plainly
           threaten'd
           in
           the
           Gospel
           :
           I
           say
           ,
           however
           it
           be
           ,
           this
           is
           certain
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           infinitely
           wiser
           to
           take
           care
           to
           avoid
           it
           ,
           than
           to
           dispute
           it
           ,
           and
           to
           run
           the
           final
           hazard
           of
           it
           .
           Put
           it
           which
           way
           we
           will
           ,
           especially
           if
           we
           put
           it
           at
           the
           worst
           ,
           as
           in
           all
           prudence
           we
           ought
           to
           do
           ,
           it
           is
           by
           all
           possible
           means
           to
           be
           provided
           against
           :
           So
           terrible
           ,
           so
           intolerable
           is
           the
           thought
           ,
           yea
           the
           very
           least
           suspicion
           of
           being
           miserable
           for
           ever
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           give
           me
           leave
           to
           ask
           You
           ,
           as
           St.
           Paul
           did
           King
           
             Agrippa
             ,
             Do
             you
             believe
             the
             Scriptures
             ?
          
           And
           I
           hope
           I
           may
           answer
           my self
           as
           he
           did
           ,
           
             I
             know
             you
             do
             believe
             them
             .
          
           And
           in
           them
           these
           things
           are
           clearly
           revealed
           ,
           and
           are
           part
           of
           that
           Creed
           of
           which
           we
           make
           a
           solemn
           profession
           every
           day
           .
        
         
         
           And
           yet
           when
           we
           consider
           how
           most
           men
           live
           ,
           is
           it
           credible
           that
           they
           do
           firmly
           believe
           this
           plain
           Declaration
           of
           our
           Saviour
           and
           our
           Judge
           ,
           That
           
             the
             wicked
             shall
             go
             away
             into
             everlasting
             Punishment
             ,
             but
             the
             righteous
             into
             Life
             eternal
             ?
          
        
         
           Or
           if
           they
           do
           in
           some
           sort
           believe
           it
           ,
           is
           it
           credible
           that
           they
           do
           at
           all
           consider
           it
           seriously
           ,
           and
           lay
           it
           to
           heart
           ?
           So
           that
           if
           we
           have
           a
           mind
           to
           reconcile
           our
           belief
           with
           our
           Actions
           ,
           we
           must
           either
           alter
           our
           Bible
           and
           our
           Creed
           ,
           or
           we
           must
           change
           our
           Lives
           .
        
         
           Let
           us
           then
           
             consider
             ,
             and
             shew
             our selves
             men
             .
          
           And
           if
           we
           do
           so
           ,
           can
           any
           man
           to
           please
           himself
           for
           a
           little
           while
           be
           contented
           to
           be
           punish'd
           for
           ever
           ;
           and
           for
           the
           shadow
           of
           a
           short
           and
           imperfect
           happiness
           in
           this
           life
           ,
           be
           willing
           to
           run
           the
           hazard
           of
           being
           really
           and
           eternally
           miserable
           in
           the
           next
           World
           ?
        
         
           Surely
           this
           consideration
           alone
           ,
           of
           the
           extreme
           and
           endless
           misery
           of
           impenitent
           Sinners
           in
           another
           World
           ,
           if
           it
           were
           but
           well
           wrought
           into
           our
           minds
           ,
           would
           be
           sufficient
           to
           kill
           all
           the
           temptations
           of
           this
           World
           ,
           and
           to
           lay
           them
           dead
           at
           our
           feet
           ;
           and
           to
           make
           us
           deaf
           to
           all
           the
           Enchantments
           of
           Sin
           and
           Vice
           :
           Because
           they
           
           bid
           us
           so
           infinitely
           to
           our
           loss
           ,
           when
           they
           offer
           us
           the
           enjoyment
           of
           a
           short
           Pleasure
           ,
           upon
           so
           very
           hard
           and
           unequal
           a
           condition
           as
           that
           of
           being
           miserable
           for
           ever
           .
        
         
           The
           eternal
           Rewards
           and
           Punishments
           of
           another
           Life
           ,
           which
           are
           the
           great
           Sanction
           and
           Security
           of
           God's
           Laws
           ,
           one
           would
           think
           should
           be
           a
           sufficient
           weight
           to
           cast
           the
           Scales
           against
           any
           Pleasure
           ,
           or
           any
           Pain
           ,
           that
           this
           World
           can
           tempt
           ,
           or
           can
           threaten
           us
           withal
           .
        
         
           And
           yet
           ,
           after
           all
           this
           ,
           will
           we
           still
           go
           on
           to
           do
           wickedly
           ;
           when
           
             we
             know
             the
             terrours
             of
             the
             Lord
             ,
          
           and
           that
           we
           must
           one
           day
           answer
           all
           our
           bold
           violations
           of
           his
           Law
           ,
           and
           contempts
           of
           his
           Authority
           ,
           with
           the
           loss
           of
           our
           immortal
           Souls
           ,
           and
           by
           
             suffering
             the
             vengeance
             of
             eternal
             Fire
             ?
          
        
         
           What
           is
           it
           then
           that
           can
           give
           men
           the
           Heart
           and
           Courage
           ;
           but
           I
           recall
           that
           Word
           ,
           because
           it
           is
           not
           true
           Courage
           ,
           but
           fool-hardiness
           ,
           thus
           to
           outbrave
           the
           Judgment
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           to
           set
           at
           nought
           the
           horrible
           and
           amazing
           consideration
           of
           a
           miserable
           Eternity
           ?
           How
           is
           it
           possible
           that
           men
           that
           are
           awake
           ,
           and
           in
           their
           wits
           ,
           should
           have
           any
           ease
           in
           their
           minds
           ,
           or
           enjoy
           so
           much
           as
           one
           quiet
           hour
           ,
           whil'st
           so
           great
           a
           danger
           
           hangs
           over
           their
           heads
           ,
           and
           they
           have
           taken
           no
           tolerable
           care
           to
           prevent
           it
           ?
           If
           we
           have
           any
           true
           and
           just
           sense
           of
           this
           danger
           ,
           we
           cannot
           fail
           to
           shew
           that
           we
           have
           it
           ,
           by
           making
           haste
           to
           escape
           it
           ,
           and
           by
           taking
           that
           care
           of
           our
           Souls
           ,
           which
           is
           due
           to
           immortal
           Spirits
           that
           are
           made
           to
           be
           Happy
           or
           Miserable
           to
           all
           Eternity
           .
        
         
           Let
           us
           not
           therefore
           estimate
           and
           measure
           things
           as
           they
           appear
           now
           to
           our
           sensual
           and
           deluded
           and
           deprav'd
           Judgments
           ;
           but
           let
           us
           open
           our
           eyes
           ,
           and
           look
           to
           the
           last
           issue
           and
           consequence
           of
           them
           :
           Let
           us
           often
           think
           of
           these
           things
           ,
           and
           consider
           well
           with
           our selves
           ,
           what
           apprehensions
           will
           then
           probably
           fill
           and
           possess
           our
           minds
           ,
           when
           we
           shall
           stand
           trembling
           before
           our
           Judge
           ,
           in
           a
           fearful
           expectation
           of
           that
           terrible
           Sentence
           which
           is
           just
           ready
           to
           be
           pronounced
           ,
           and
           as
           soon
           as
           ever
           it
           is
           pronounc'd
           to
           be
           executed
           upon
           us
           :
           When
           we
           shall
           have
           a
           full
           and
           clear
           sight
           of
           the
           unspeakable
           Happiness
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           horrible
           and
           astonishing
           Miseries
           of
           another
           World
           :
           When
           there
           shall
           be
           no
           longer
           any
           Veil
           of
           Flesh
           and
           Sense
           to
           interpose
           between
           them
           and
           us
           ,
           and
           to
           hide
           these
           things
           from
           our
           eyes
           :
           And
           ,
           in
           a
           word
           ,
           when
           Heaven
           
           with
           all
           the
           Glories
           of
           it
           ,
           shall
           be
           open
           to
           our
           view
           ;
           and
           ,
           as
           the
           expression
           is
           in
           
             Job
             ,
             Hell
             shall
             be
             naked
             before
             us
             ,
             and
             Destruction
             shall
             have
             no
             covering
             .
          
        
         
           How
           shall
           we
           then
           be
           confounded
           ,
           to
           find
           the
           truth
           and
           reality
           of
           those
           things
           which
           we
           will
           not
           now
           be
           persuaded
           to
           believe
           ?
           And
           how
           shall
           we
           then
           wish
           ,
           that
           we
           had
           believed
           
             the
             terrors
             of
             the
             Lord
          
           ;
           and
           instead
           of
           quarrelling
           with
           the
           Principles
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           calling
           them
           into
           question
           ,
           we
           had
           lived
           under
           the
           constant
           sense
           and
           awe
           of
           them
           ?
        
         
           Blessed
           be
           God
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           yet
           
             hope
             concerning
             us
          
           ,
           and
           that
           we
           may
           yet
           
             flee
             from
             the
             wrath
             to
             come
          
           ;
           and
           that
           the
           Miseries
           of
           Eternity
           may
           yet
           be
           prevented
           in
           Time
           :
           And
           that
           for
           this
           very
           end
           and
           purpose
           ,
           our
           most
           Gracious
           and
           Merciful
           God
           hath
           so
           clearly
           revealed
           these
           things
           to
           us
           ,
           not
           with
           a
           mind
           to
           bring
           them
           upon
           us
           ,
           but
           that
           we
           being
           warned
           by
           his
           Threatnings
           ,
           might
           not
           bring
           them
           upon
           our selves
           .
        
         
           I
           will
           conclude
           all
           with
           the
           Counsel
           of
           the
           
             Wise
             Man
             ;
             Seek
             not
             Death
             in
             the
             errour
             of
             your
          
           
           
             Life
             ,
             and
             pull
             not
             upon
             your selves
             destruction
             with
             the
             works
             of
             your
             own
             hands
             .
             For
             God
             made
             not
             Death
             ,
             neither
             hath
             he
             pleasure
             in
             the
             destruction
             of
          
           
           
             the
             Living
             :
             But
             ungodly
             men
             with
             their
             works
             and
             words
             have
             called
             it
             down
             upon
             themselves
             .
          
           Which
           that
           none
           of
           us
           may
           do
           ,
           God
           of
           his
           infinite
           Goodness
           grant
           ,
           for
           his
           Mercies
           sake
           in
           
             Jesus
             Christ
          
           :
           To
           whom
           ,
           with
           Thee
           ,
           O
           Father
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Holy
             Ghost
          
           ,
           be
           all
           Honour
           and
           Glory
           ,
           Dominion
           and
           Power
           ,
           Thanksgiving
           and
           Praise
           ,
           both
           now
           and
           for
           ever
           .
           AMEN
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
           Books
           Published
           by
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           Reverend
           Dr.
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           ,
           Dean
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             The
             
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               of
               Faith
            
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             Mr.
             
               J.
               Serjeant
            
             ,
             by
             Dr.
             Tillotson
             .
             To
             which
             is
             adjoyned
             ,
             A
             Reply
             to
             Mr.
             
               J.
               S.
            
             his
             third
             Appendix
             ,
             &c.
             by
             
               Edward
               Stilling
               fleet
            
             ,
             D.
             D.
             late
             Dean
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             Paul's
             ,
             now
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             Right
             Reverend
             Bishop
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             .
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             ,
             on
             the
             31st
             of
             January
             1688.
             being
             appointed
             for
             a
             Publick
             Thanksgiving
             to
             Almighty
             God
             for
             having
             made
             His
             Highness
             the
             Prince
             of
             Orange
             the
             Glorious
             Instrument
             of
             the
             great
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             this
             Kingdom
             from
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             and
             Arbitrary
             Power
             .
             40.
             
          
           
             A
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             Preach'd
             before
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             at
             Whitehall
             .
             40.
             
          
           
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             before
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             .
             40.
             
          
        
         
           
             Printed
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           B.
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           ,
           and
           W.
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           .
        
         
           A
           Practical
           Discourse
           concerning
           Death
           ,
           by
           
             William
             Sherlock
          
           ,
           D.
           D.
           Master
           of
           the
           Temple
           .
           The
           Third
           Edition
           ,
           80.
           
           Printed
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           .
        
         
      
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A62603-e240
           
             II.
             
          
           
             *
             Ita
             me
             Dij
             Deaeque
             omnes
             ●ejùs
             perdant
             quàm
             hodiè
             perire
             me
             sentio
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             Rev.
             20.
             14
             ▪
             
          
           
             
               Wisd.
               of
               Solomon
            
             ,
             chap.
             1.
             ver
             .
             12
             ,
             13
             ,
             16.