A sermon preached before the Honourable House of Commons at St. Margarets Westminster, January 30th 1677/8 by Thomas Sprat ... Sprat, Thomas, 1635-1713. 1678 Approx. 52 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 27 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2003-03 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A61173 Wing S5053 ESTC R16476 13153385 ocm 13153385 98121 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A61173) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 98121) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 751:36) A sermon preached before the Honourable House of Commons at St. Margarets Westminster, January 30th 1677/8 by Thomas Sprat ... Sprat, Thomas, 1635-1713. [3], 48 p. Printed by T.N. for Henry Brome ..., London : 1678. Reproduction of original in Duke University Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Church of England -- Sermons -- Early works to 1800. Bible. -- N.T. -- Matthew V, 10 -- Sermons. Sermons, English -- 17th century. 2002-10 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2002-11 SPi Global Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2003-01 Emma (Leeson) Huber Sampled and proofread 2003-01 Emma (Leeson) Huber Text and markup reviewed and edited 2003-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion A SERMON PREACHED before the HONOURABLE House of Commons At S t Margarets Westminster , January 30 th 1677 / 8 ; . By THOMAS SPRAT , D.D. Chaplain in Ordinary to His MAJESTY . LONDON , Printed by T. N. for Henry Brome , at the Gun in St. Pauls Church-yard , 1678. Mercurii 30 Die Jan. 1677 / 8 ; . ORdered , That the Thanks of this House be Returnd to Dr. Sprat , for his Sermon this day Preached before the House at St. Margarets Westminster : And that he be desired to Print his Sermon : And Sir Edmund Jennings , Sir Charles Wheeler , and Mr. Robert Wright , are to give him the Thanks of this House , and to Desire him to Print his Sermon . Will. Goldesbrough Cler. Dom. Com. A SERMON Preached before the HONORABLE HOUSE of COMMONS , At S t Margarets Westminster , on Ianuary 30 th 1677 / 8 ; . S t Mathew , 5. vers . 10. Blessed are they which are persecuted for Righteousness sake : for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven . WE are here Assembled to Lament the Death of one of the best Kings that ever Liv d , and the most Pious Martyrs , that ever Suffer'd . We are this Day to bewail a Crime so detested by God , and Man , that , unless this Day had been long since publickly appointed , by the Voice of the whole Nation , Pronounc'd by you the Representatives of it , for us , and our Posterity , to Bewail it Yearly , in this , and all future Ages ; the Guilty Memory of this Day had for ever remain'd , an Indelible Disgrace to the Present Age , and to the whole English Name it self . When we shall recollect the Afflictions , and the Virtues of that Blessed King ; and shall remember , that in his Virtues he Excell'd the most happy Princes ; in his Afflictions he Equall'd the most unfortunate Men : though it should not incline us to Murmur at the Divine Providence , whose Judgments are above our knowledge , and therefore ought not to come under our Censure : yet certainly , it cannot but make us abhor the terrible Effects of furious Zeal , when it mistakes Providence : it cannot but raise in us the greatest Hatred of Faction on a Pretence of Liberty ; and of Ambition , when it Counterfeits Religion . Should it not fill us all with Grief , and Amazement , that such a King could suffer , as a Tyrant ! who was , to His People , the most constant Defender of their antient Privileges , the greatest Author of New Ones : or as an Enemy of the True Religion ! who was in his Life the Great Ornament ; in his Death the most devout Example of it : or as unworthy to Govern ! who , not only by his Birth , had a Successive Right to the Crown , which he could not forfeit ; but also , by his Personal Virtues , might have deserv'd another Title to it , if His Crown had been Elective , and , as His Murderers impudently pretended , at the disposal of His Subjects . Whether we consider Him on the Throne , as he was there , too short a space , the Vice-Gerent of Gods Power ; or in the Church , as he alwayes imitated , and resembled the Divine Purity : or should we measure him , as we would any other Man : should we take His Picture , as He Himself delighted to be drawn , with His Crown and Scepter laid aside , and his Wife , and Children , or Servants by Him : whether we observe His Royal , and Christian , or His Private and Moral Excellencies ; we might find , in all , some Extraordinary Character of Greatness , and of that , which is the only true Greatness , such as was admirably Temper'd , and Adorn'd with Goodness . But those other more Resplendent parts of his Life , are a Subject fitter for a History than a Sermon . And , no doubt , if there shall be any Virtue , any Praise of Virtue in the Generations to come after us ; His Name will live , and be mention'd with Reverence in the Records of Honor : though not in the Large Roll of those Kings , who have been only Happy , Prosperous , and Victorous in this World : yet amongst the far smaller number , but much more Sacred , more truely Glorious Number of those Kings , that have been Saints , and Confessors , or Martyrs ; and therefore more than Conquerors . I confess , I might , and , give me leave to say it , I intended to have Complain'd , that the present Age had not made that Use of Him , which it ought ; His Enemies for their Repentance , and Amendment ; nor even His Friends for His Praise and Honor . But , blessed be God , I am happily prevented in one part of the Complaint : I have nothing now to wish , but that His Enemies would as well perform their Duty to Him , as , it must be acknowledg'd , you His Friends have done yours ; by that much Desir'd , long Expected , Yesterdayes Vote ; in which you have given a Resurrection to his Memory , by designing Magnificent Rites to his Sacred Ashes . So that now for the future , an English Man abroad will be able to Mention the Name of King CHARLES the First , without blushing : and His Heroick Worth will be deliver'd down to Posterity , as it alwayes deserv'd to be , not only freed from Calumny , or Obscurity ; but , in all things , most illustrious , in all things to be commended ; in most things to be imitated , in some things scarce imitable , and only to be admir'd . In confidence of this , I will leave the rest of His just Panegyrick to the Registers of Civil History : and I will only now employ that short time , your favor shall allow me , in representing to you that one particular Grace ; which , I believe , He had in as high a degree , as our Mortal Condition , of its self , is capable to Receive , His Magnanimity in Suffering . And , it will be best become this Religious Place , and Office , to recommend to you , from amongst His many other Virtues , that one Virtue of his Divine Patience , which he could learn from no other Principle , but his Religion . To this purpose , I have chosen to speak on these words of our Blessed Saviour ; wherein he proposes Persecution , which , to Nature , seems the greatest Evil , to be the greatest Good : such as all his Disciples ought , not only to endure well , as a nenessary Burthen , but to injoy as a Blessing . The Words themselves consist of Three Parts . First , This New , and Strange , Christian Paradox , that to be persecuted is a Blessing . Secondly , The only Qualification , that can make it to be so . It must be a Persecution for Rightneousness sake . Thirdly , The Great Reason , why it is a Blessing , because it is attended with the greatest Reward , The Kingdom of Heaven . I cannot now stay to insist distinctly on these Particulars , or to handle the Argument in my Text , as a Common place of Divinity . It will neither agree with the present temper of your Minds , or my own , to treat of it in such cold , and general terms . But what I shall say on this great , and Primitive Doctrine of Christianity , shall be only so much , as you may apply to the present occasion : that when I come to recount the Kings unparallel'd Sufferings ; you His Friends may be something comforted , in beholding the solid , and eternal Foundation of His Suffering so well ; which was no other than the Faith into which we were all Baptiz'd : and that therefore the Christian Faith , the Faith of the Church of England , may have the credit of that greatness of Mind , it Taught the King in His Extremity . That To be Persecuted is a Blessing , was a Doctrine never heard of , till our Saviour here first introduc'd it . No other Teacher , or Law-giver , ever went , or durst go so contrary to the interests and pleasures of Flesh and Blood. None else would have laid so much weight on Humane Nature : or could have made it so easie : none but He , that was God , as well as Man : He that , as Man , knew what it was to suffer and , as God , knew how to support those that Suffer'd . 'T is true , the power of bearing Persecution well , has been alwayes pretended to , by all Sects , and Nations , and Religions of Men. All History is full of such great Examples , amongst those , to whom the Gospel was never reveal'd . But have not the rest too generally gone , on the wrong , or tottering Principles , of empty Fame , of doubtful Philosophy , of False , of Imperfect Religions ? certainly seldome any truely Great , seldome any steddy , and unchangeable Comfort , little lasting relief , most certainly scarce any everlasting was to be found , till the appearance of our Saviour , to make Men , on just grounds , to Rejoyce , and Triumph in Pains , and Losses , and Miseries . Mankind , before that , was left detective in this most necessary Virtue , of which we have all a perpetual use . For , my Brethren , there is no Retirement so Secure , no Provision so Large , no Search so happy , as to find out that place , whither nor Cares , nor Misfortunes make their way . The Sweetest , the Fairest , the most plentiful , Alas ! you see , the most commanding condition is often times a greater burthen ; at best , is only a less , and a gentler misery , not any real hapiness . Of all those that built Houses in the Parable , the most rais'd them on the Sand : the best , and the wisest , could only found them on the Rock : on which , notwithstanding all their prudence , the Winds did blow , and the Sea did rage about them : all their advantage was not a full quiet ; but only that the Storms did beat on them in vain . And this is that for which we are only beholden to our Saviour Christ ; of whom , we may justly say , in respect of Mankind , as Augustus said of himself , and Rome , Lateritiam invenit , marmoream reliquit ; he found our Nature weak , and frail compos'd of Adams mouldring Earth ; but he made it , and left it of the finest , and most durable Marble . He himself came persecuted : but one of the chief ends of his coming , was to free all that believe on him , and obey his commands ; though not from all persecution , yet from all the Curse of it , nay , to do better , than if he had taken all persecution quite away , to make it a cause of Joy , and Felicity , a Blessing to those that are Persecuted . And , How feeble ! How deceitful ! How much like a broken Reed , which only pierces , where it should uphold , are all the other Motives , and Principles of Suffering well , in comparison to those , that He has Taught ! First . Some Men indeed may strive to endure Afflictions courageously , in a sence of Natural Decence ; by the force of some Natural Passion , or by the single Precepts of Natural Wisdom . But , What is the chief end , that such Men can propose to themselves ? Can it be much more , than the bare expectation of transitory Fame , and Honor in this World ? or some Temporary Interest , and Contentment here below ? And , What mighty Reliefs , or Rewards are these ? such Consolations , at best , can only stupify the Mind under pain ; they are far from turning the Pain into a Blessing . Such Recompences are imaginary , contemptible , perishing , whilst the Labors Men take for them , are great , and real : Whereas to a Christian Sufferer , the Labors are contemptible , compar'd to the inestimable greatness of the Recompence . Undoubtedly , nothing in this Life can make Afflictions tolerable , much less a Blessing , but a Belief , that there is another Life ; in comparison to the Joyes of which , the Miseries of this Life are of no consideration : nay , a belief , that we shall partake of the Joys of another Life , if we bear patiently the ordinary , and extraordinary Miseries of this : and that nothing can teach us to do the right way , but Religion ; nothing , but the Right Religion . For Secondly , There is also a strange Force , and Resolution of Mind , that may proceed from False Religions , and from the Principles of Enthusiasm . This kind must be confest far to exceed all Natural Courage in its effects : it may sometimes be hardly distinguishable from the True Patience , that is Taught by the True Religion it self . Yet there are very Material Distinctions between them : The chief this in my Text. The one is only for the True Righteousness sake : the other for a Counterfeit , Hypocritical Righteousness . And besides , they differ , in that the True Religion , rightly us'd , Teaches Men really to Believe , that to be Persecuted is a Blessing ; but never to Persecute . False Religion , and Enthusiasm may make Men Pretend to Believe , that to be Persecuted is a Blessing , but Really to Believe , that the Power of Persecuting is a Greater Blessing , and to Use that Power with the Greatest Cruelty , when they have got it ; as we have felt by Many Dismal Instances , especially that of This Black , and Guilty Day . However , it is too true , that Mistaken Zeal , and Deluding Inspirations , have oftentimes a Prodigious Influence on those Minds , that are Possest with them ; Possest in the Worst Sense of the Word : they can easily make Men despise all Dangers , and Terrors : they can fill their Proselytes with Heat , and Raptures enough to rush violently on Torments , to Glory in the false Presumption of Martyrdom , to do , as Empedocles of old , who cast himself willingly into the fiercest Flames , that he might be thought to go to Heaven . We have seen a Blind , Fanatical Zeal enrage Forty Men , to make War against a Mighty Nation , in full peace , in the midst of its Principal City . And since the Implacable Enemies of our Church and State have had , and still have such a dreadful offensive Weapon in their keeping , as all Zealous , though Erroneous Religion is : Should not this , my Brethren , be a serious Admonition to us , who profess our selves Friends to the Church and State , to make provision against them , by the better , more powerful , indeed invincible defensive Weapons of our Spiritual Warfare , that may be learnt from the True , and Unfeigned Religion ? Since they pretend to fetch their Armor from Heaven against our Cause : ought not we really to fetch ours from Heaven against theirs ? we cannot want all other means of defence ; we have Reason , and Justice , and Law , and Loyalty on our side : All those the Enemies of our Church and State must want : But let us beware , least if they have any Zeal , we none , they have something more forcible than any of the other . Most certainly nothing but Conscience well-inform'd can be an equal Match , for Conscience misguided : nothing but the power of Godliness ; nothing but True Zeal can break the force of False Zeal , and of the very form of Godliness . Wherefore , from that Fatal Example , how much the Name of Godliness , Hypocritically us'd , stood our Adversaries instead ; may we be instructed to Govern our Minds , and Strengthen our Hearts , and Reform our Lives , by the Directions and Precepts of the True Holiness ; to have our Consciences as much in earnest as theirs , but better Inform'd ; not only to hate the Hypocrisie , but to out-doe the warmth of their Zeal . And , if the very Shadow of Christ could do such wonderful things : What would not his Hand , his Tongue , his Body , his Life do . If by a sad experience , we have found a feigned , and Dissembled Piety , so outragiously strong , and too long irresistible : Should we not thence conclude , what greater Influence , what more durable Authority , the True Piety might have on our Minds , by the efficacy of its own True Promises , Rewards , and Comforts ? In which God has pitied the Infirmities of our weak Humanity : has supply'd them all in a gracious proportion to our defects : has provided the greatest happiness for our immortal , and mortal parts hereafter : has furnisht us with the best relief for our Mortal part here . But , that Religion should bestow the surest aid , and assistance in persecution , is the more strange : because at the first view , it seems to make persecution more grievous , by forbidding us many helps , and means of defence , which nature offers to the afflicted . Does not our Saviours Doctrine command us , to have the severest thoughts of our selves ? It tames the mind , as well as it requires the body , to be subservient to the mortification of the mind : It lays so much restraint on our intemperate pleasures , that to a carnal man it even seems to render prosperity a sort of persecution . It denies us the use of some kinds of resistance ; of all manner of revenge : of all actual revenge , which is the delight of the powerful ; of all revengeful thoughts , which may be esteemed some ease to the weak . How then can it be , that such a Doctrine should turn all persecution into a blessing ? yes most certainly : and for the most weighty reasons : of which the Two principal are here mention'd . In this life , it makes the suffering delightful , because it is for righteousness sake : in the next , it makes it our glory , and crown , because of it's just claim to the Kingdome of Heaven . First , I say , 't is this Doctrine only that prescribes such rules , and provides such helps , for the right ordering of all our thoughts , words and actions in this Life ; that if they be exactly followed , will put us into a condition of suffering for nothing but Righteousness sake . So much moderation it imposes on our injoyment of things in our power : So strictly it forbids all irregular desires of things in others power : So much it teaches an inoffensive meekness , and caution of not displeasing God , or injuring Man : that whoever lives accordingly , whatever his Persecution may be , he cannot but be innocent in it : And if he be innocent , the Persecution will be so too ; and will do him no manner of hurt . To a heart so Conscientiously prepar'd ; so certain of its Duty , so rightly secur'd in its Cause , the Afflictions of this World have quite another appearance , than to the rest of the World. They are presently found to be only the tender Trials of a Merciful Father ; to be not only his Trials , but Tokens , and Testimonies of his Love , and of our Adoption ; to Intitle us to the Privileges of Gods own People , and Children , to his Peculiar Care , to his Spiritual Joys , to his Kingdom . That is the other Contemplation , which completes the Blessing . And it is only the hope of that Kingdom , which our Lord Christ alone has Purchas'd for us , that can be Equal to the Wants and Wishes of our Immortal Souls . That only can Refresh the Distress'd , and ease the Heavy Laden , and Support the Living , and Rejoyce the Dying ; without that Expectation , the least Mortal Frailties , and Crosses , even Mortality it self , were an Intolerable Oppression : but , with it , the Cruellest Mortal Pains may be made light , and inconsiderable : without that Beliefe , as Christians of all Men , so Men of all Creatures , were most miserable . If there were no prospect of Heaven , even Earth it self were a kind of Hell : so dark , so uncomfortable , so dismally doubtful were the Condition of Mankind . But now there is a Heaven , so certain , so unquestionable , so near them , who believe it , and labor for it : to such there shall not only be no Hell ; but even Earth it self , amidst all their Earthly Calamities , becomes a kind of Heaven : so truely great is their Present Comfort : so unspeakably great will be their future Felicity . YOU now behold , the Character , Supports , and Benefits of that Persecution ; which , in the Religion , that all of us have embrac'd , is reckon'd as a Blessing . This infallibly is the Christian Doctrine . I come next to inforce , and illustrate it by a Christian Example . And , I might allege that of the Blessed Author of it , our Saviour himself : But , in him , it may be said , the Godhead did sustain the Humanity . I might urge the Apostles , and Primitive Disciples . But they also were immediately assisted by a Miraculous Power , enabling them to do , and to suffer . I might produce a Noble Army of Martyrs , in all Ages of the Christian Church . But it will now be enough , once for all , only to mention the blessed Pattern of that Saint-like King : whose wonderful Patience , in an Age , wherein Miracles were ceas'd , did almost seem to revive them : His magnanimous Suffering did evidence , how much Strength , and Lustre , the true Piety may add to the most Princely Mind : the Afflictions , that surrounded His Head , did not deface , but beautify His Life : as the Thorns , His Great Master wore at His Passion , they were intended by His Enemies for His Shame , and His Pain , but they were in Truth His Crown , His Fourth , more Precious Crown . When I seriously reflect on all the Sufferings of that Excellent Prince ; how little He deserv'd the least of them from any Man ; how much far otherwise he merited from many the chief Authors of them ; and yet by how many sad Circumstances they were still increast ; against how many fair hopes they still prevail'd ; and with what unshaken Constancy He bore them all : I cannot but conclude , that He was separated , and Consecrated , as it were , by Gods Special Appointment , to fall a Glorious Sacrifice ; to give a new Example of Christian , Passive Courage , to the decaying Virtue of this Age : and that , as the blood of Martyrs is truly said to be the Seed of the Church , so the Blood of one Martyr'd King , should be the perpetual Seed , both of the Church , and Monarchy of England . He succeeded to His Temporal Crowns , by the Conjunction , and Indisputable Right of many Royal ●ines . Yet he was so far from having the usual allowance , that seems due to Rightful , Sovereign Princes : from observing whose very faults too curiously their Subjects ought ; and in better times , their honorable Enemies were wont to retire with respect : so far He was from being thus us'd , that even His Virtues were Misinterpreted , and Scandalously Revil'd . His Gentleness was miscall'd defect of Wisdom ; His Firmness , Obstinacy ; His Regular Devotion , Popery ; His Decent Worship , Superstition ; His Opposing of Schism , Hatred of the Power of Godliness . Such was the remarkable aggravation of His unjust Persecutions ; that though He had manifestly the Right on His side , yet His Enemies , by their Artifices , had got over most of the good , and plausible words , to be on theirs . Whilst the worst of their Actions were Sanctify'd , and made Popular by the Specious Titles of Liberty , Purity , and Reformation : He Dy'd for the Laws , as a Malefactor ; for the Church , the best Reformed Church , as an Enemy to the Cause of God. To His People He was ever most Indulgent , still scattering amongst them the Royal Prerogatives , with a Liberality rather becoming the Mildness of the Giver , than due to the Ingratitude of the Receivers . For , in Answer to all His most Bountiful Concessions , He still met with Evil Surmises , Perverse Comments on all His Acts of Grace : and those seconded by Mutinous Petitions , Seditious Clamors , and Assaults , and at last an open Rebellion . What shall we say ? some strange fatality , some unusual unheard of Giddiness had unawares seiz'd on , and , in too great a part , infatuated the English Spirit : to make them grow discontented , and sick of their very Prosperity ; thus rashly to employ the Riches , and Plenty , they reap'd from the first happy part of His Reign , to render the latter part of it unhappy . Nor were the Calamities of His Fate only confin'd to Himself ; which , no doubt , a Mind of so much innocent tenderness , desir'd ; but they were Infectious to all about Him. That which , in any other Age , would have been thought a proof of the greatest Human Abilities , to Counsel Wisely , and Faithfully so Judicious a Prince : and a sign of the greatest Human Felicity to be b●loved by so great , and good a Prince : was then acertain Forerunner of Misfortune . Of His dearest Servants , the First , whom he receiv'd from His Father , and Himself long Protected from the blind Malice of Envy , was snatch'd from Him by the Hand of a base Assassinate . And whilst His Generous Heart was bleeding for the Loss , many thousands of His Subjects , with Secret Shews of Satisfaction , nay , with open Testimonies of Joy , Applauded the Horrid Murther of His Friend . His other best Servant ; a Minister , the most able of that time , both for Counsel and Action ; a Friend , one of the best which ever the Church of God had , since it needed such a Friend : Him he was constrain'd to give up as a Prey to Popular Tumults , or , which is as bad , to Popular Justice : nay , which was worse , and which ought not to have been mention'd , but that the King Himself often spoke , and writ of it , with such Solemn Remorse ; His Royal and guiltless Hand was made an unwilling Instrument of that unrighteous Action . But , the Justice this Parliament has done to the Earl of Strafford's Honor , has Vindicated the Name of Parliaments , in this Particular : and the Repentance of that Merciful King has paid an honorable Atonement to his Ghost . The Servants Innocence has been abundantly justify'd by the Masters so Passionately accusing His own Weakness , for yielding to his Death . It was indeed a Weakness , to which the Counsels of His disguis'd Enemies , or timerous Friends provok'd Him. Yet , he could never at last have been drawn to it , had He not been half perswaded , that 't was better for one Man to die , than for the whole People to perish . And , How justly may we think His Virtues to have been extraordinary ! when His greatest fault ( I make bold to call it His fault , and I believe it was His greatest ) had so good , and innocent a Foundation , as the Peace of three Kingdoms . Have we not great reason to suppose , that His Conscience was most strictly watch'd , and guarded from Sin ? Could any of His Enemies , notwithstanding all their boasts in this kind , shew us Proof of a Conscience so tender ? which did so Affectionately Lament , so Severely Repent of that Offence , as if the whole Guilt of it had been His own : whereas , at the worst , the Infirmity of it only was His , the Guilt belong'd to His Enemies . His own Family was at once Persecuted in many Quarters of the World. There was scarce a Great House in all Christendome , that had contracted Alliance with Him , which Gods Visitation did not seem to search out , and to reach in that Age. An observation , in which His Adversaries were wont much to Glory : As if he , and his whole Name had been utterly rejected by Heaven . But , success , and prosperity in this World , is rather a Turkish , than a Christian Proof of Gods favor : and adversity the like of his displeasure . Or else we might often since have confuted the very same Men with their own Argument . His only Sister had a long familiarity with unhappiness . Her he could never relieve in his most prosperous dayes . Nor was Providence rowzd to restore her Family , till about the very year of His Martyrdome . His own Queen was expos'd to all manner of Injuries : Rob'd of the Privileges due to Her Sex ; much more to her high Birth , and Condition : declar'd Traytor for doing the duty of a Wife : the Laws of Human Society violated , to keep His very Mind from her : his Letters to her intercepted , published , condemned , as Correspondence with the disaffected . His Children were driven from his Paternal care , in that Age , which most needed it : some bred up at home , under the Discipline of his Enemies ; of whom , even the Tender Mercies were cruel : others wandring abroad , and depending on the uncertain pity of His Neighbors . What one of the Ancients said of Pompey's fall , was too true of the Kings : One Country could not contain so great a ruine : the Shipwrack was cast on many Shores : not indeed to be buried there , as Pompey was ; but to Return again by a wonderful Restitution . Yet that satisfaction the King himself liv'd not to see : He only felt the severe side , their Separation , and Distresses : the comfortable part , their Restoration , His Blessed Spirit has injoy'd in Heaven , since His Death : and , by a strange , mysterious effect of the Divine Mercy , his very Death ought to be esteem'd the Principal Cause of their Restoration . Thus was he unjustly Persecuted , in one part of his Domestick Relations : There was another also ; in whose Ruine he was even yet more nearly concern'd : and that was the Church of England . For , Why may I not call our Church a Member of His Private Family ? seeing he cherish'd it so Familiarly , converst with it so constantly , provided for it so carefully : 'T were well if this were all : but I must add , he Dy'd for it so Zealously . For the Service , and Devotions of this Church , his Affections were so Inflam'd , his Judgment so confirm'd ; his Practise in them so Incessant ; that in all these , he was scarce equall'd by any of its own Ministers ; I am perswaded , he was outdone by none . We have undeniable instances , that neither his best Beloved Recreations ; nor one of the most Sorrowful Messages he ever receivd ; not his most Urgent Business ; not his Greatest Delights ; not his Greatest Grief could prevail with him , ever to Omit , or but for a Moment to interrupt his Dayly Solemn Prayers . From this Church he might justly have expected , and he had his last Comforts . But , alas ! when he most needed her help , he saw her in the greatest outward Desolation her self : Her Chief Prelate , one of the Most Innocent , Devout , and Magnificent Men of that Age , Beheaded in the view of Forty thousand Men ! and too many of them so Inhumane , as to Rejoyce at the Death of a Bishop ; against whom , their Chief Objection was , his being a Bishop . Of this Church , whose Preservation , and Prosperity had been alwayes his chief Study , he liv'd to see the Truth Question'd , the Glory Vanish'd , the Buildings Falling , the Revenues Devour'd : and so Devour'd , that he himself must be compell'd , either to confirm the Sacrilege by his Authority , or to make way for it by his Blood. Of which two Dreadful Extremes he chose the last : And so became our Churches Martyr , as he had been her Saint : A Saint incomparably more holy , than all the Enthusiastical Saints of the Sectaries : A Martyr , to be prefer'd before a whole Multitude of Martyrs that swell the Romish Calandar . Of this Church , in his Imprisonments , the Publick Offices were sometimes denied him : the attendance of his own Chaplains , sometimes forbid : seldom but precariously allow'd : Liberty of Conscience refus'd the King , by the meanest of his Subjects , who Claim'd it as their Own Due , both by Religion , and Nature , and made that the Chief Pretence of their Rebellion against him . His most Secret Duties of Piety were often disturb'd by the abuse and outrage of common Soldiers : hardly the Service of one of his Bishops was afforded him in his last Agony . Yet Providence so order'd it , that it was the very Bishop , whom , of all his Clergy , he had most employ'd in Secular Affairs . Nor could any thing more justify the Pious , and Conscientious Choice of his Ministers , both in Church , and State , than that the very same Man , who had Manag'd his Revenue , should be thought fittest to direct his Conscience ; that his best Treasurer should be his last Confessor . As to the Unnatural War against him , he made himself so naked to avoid it , that , when it was forc'd on him , he was not in a Capacity to Maintain his own Just Rights in it : He went so far to meet his Undutiful Subjects in a Peaceful Compliance ; that he devested himself of most of his own strengths , by which he might have supprest them . Why then did his Enemies so often tell heaven in their Prayers , that it was not the Arm of Flesh , which brought them Salvation ? when they had in their Usurp'd Possession the most considerable Forces , and Estates of their own Complices , or his Friends , his Fleets , his Magazines , his Revenue , and the far stronger part of all the Carnal Means of the Nation on their side . Why did they so often boast , in their Way of Vain-glorious humiliations , that they themselves were only dry bones , that a Divine Spirit animated them , and that God was their Confederate ? when it was so far from being a signal Providence , that the King was at last overcome ; that indeed it was rather a wonder he was not sooner : that You , and such as You , and Your Fathers , could so long support his declining Cause , against a power so much more mighty than his , and yours . But God thought fit to suffer him to be defeated . And , though the Divine Counsels were in this , as they are in many other things , unsearchable : yet , thus much we may safely pronounce , that it was not in Wrath to him , but in Mercy . It was indeed our Wound , and our Calamity , not his . For his Sufferings that followed his Defeat , redounded far more to his own glory , than if he had Triumph'd in War , or if his Life had smoothly slid away in Peace . His Reign , if it had continued quiet , must needs have been most happy . That goodness of temper , had it not been oppos'd , would sure have been admirable , seeing it was so great , when most bitterly offended . His Victory , if he had Conquer'd , would no doubt have been Mild , and Bloodless : None would have perish'd by it , but Arm'd , and in the Field . He had too great a Heart , to insult over the Miserable . He would certainly have laid no other Chains on the Vanquish'd , but those of Pardon , and Mercy : seeing He forgave them , and pitied them , amidst the Pride and Rudeness of their own Victory . This is a Truth undoubted . Yet still I must affirm , that 't was more for His own Personal Renown , he was overcome . Many others would have shar'd with Him , in the Honor of the Conquest . His Armies , His Commanders , and Fortune it self might have claim d some part in those Laurels . But , this was a Praise far Greater , much Rarer , more Christian , wholy Gods , and His Own : that , after His Soldiers routed , His Garisons yielded , His Friends reduc'd to the last Extremity , but Despair : And , Who but such Friends would not then have despair'd ? yet still He kept His own Mind unconquer'd , and made that naked , and alone , to incounter , and Triumph over all the Malice of His Enemies . We are now arriv'd at that , which , in the Worlds Opinion , was the most unfortunate : but , in a Christian Account , was the most Victorious part of the Kings Life . There is still behind a Lamentable Story ; to us Lamentable , though not to Him. But after so many sad Representations , 't is time the Veil be drawn . The deplorable remainder is only fit for such Salvages to hear , who could see it without Grief , and cause it without Remorse . Here therefore let us pass it by in Silence : Let us strive to overwhelm the Cruel , and Guilty Part of the Kings Martyrdom , which was His Enemies Part ; by the Contemplation of the Innocent , and Honorable part of it , that was His own . And this , my Brethren , is such a way of keeping the Thirtieth of Ianuary , as the Royal Martyr Himself most desir'd . This way of Observing it , is most Answerable to the first Design ; of Dedicating such Days to the Memories of departed Saints . For when the Primitive Christians first Met on such 〈…〉 , on the very Dayes , and 〈…〉 on the very Places , where some 〈…〉 Christian had suffer'd : they were not wont to spend their time in Cursing their Enemies , or Repeating the wretched Circumstances of their Cruelty ; but rather in Praying that God would Convert them , in declaring the Pious Works , and Admirable Patience of those , that had Suffered ; and in giving God the Glory of their Exemplary Sufferings . YOU have therefore heard enough , how this Blessed Martyr was unjustly Persecuted : though I have stopt my Narration on the very brink of the Precipice . Let us now see , how He made those Persecutions a Blessing : how He behav'd Himself , in those His last , and severest Conflicts : when the Whole World was a Spectator , too Calmly a Spectator , of the Last Part of His Life : whilst Wicked Men Furiously Pursu'd His Death : furiously ; for it was one time , or other , to be the Cause of their own Destruction : whilst Good Men Pray'd for Him , but could not otherwise help Him : nay His Enemies Pray'd too , and boldly Bely'd Heaven , in Presuming , that His Murther was the Return of their Prayers . But Heaven was on His side ; God supported Him ; the Angels Minister'd to Him ; the Devils Tempted , Him in vain , His Adversaries too Effectually . And , I beseech you , Where can there be found a Worthier , or more plentiful Subject for our Admiration ? than that so Great a King , who had Sway'd those Scepters , that are the Balance of all Europe , should come down from His High Estate , by so many easie , and deliberate Degrees ! should put off all the Ornaments of a just Soveraignty , to bear all the Indignities of His own Subjects Tyranny , with so little Reluctancy , with so much Contentment ! should prepare Himself still for thicker , and greater Afflictions , by a Glorious Disdain , and yet a Pious Improvement of all the former ! should have a Mind so Compassionate of others Misfortunes , even of His Enemies Offences , and yet so Serene amidst His own Dangers ! should have a greater Lustre , and Majesty of Countenance , as Moses had , and that not when he was performing an Act of Government , and Administring the Law ; but when He was dying , by the Unjust Pretence , of His having broken His own Laws ! For any Man to bear Miseries well , has been ever counted so great an Honor , that some of the Antient Heathens have too extravagantly thought , it equall'd Men to God Himself , who is not capable of Misery . That ( sayes one of them ) is truely Divine , to have the Frailties of a Man , the Security of a God. It is indeed , by all true Philosophy , esteem'd to proceed from the greatest strength of Nature ; by all true Christianity , from the highest degree of Grace . Can any other Virtue , so cleerly manifest , of what strong , and firm , and invulnerable a temper the heart is made ? Passive Courage is perform'd within , in the Soul it self : when Men are forlorn , oppress'd , despis'd , not so well as only forsaken : when they have no Flatterers , few Comforters , scarce any but Enemies near them . And therefore this Grace before was generally more found in the Poor , Low , and Obscure part of the World : 't was commonly excluded from Princes Courts , by a Thousand Delights , and by the Pompous Dreams of Human Greatness . 'T was almost enough Patience before in Great Men , to be only more moderate , and reserv'd in their Pleasures . From the Greatest , and Best of Kings before , Men us'd rather to take Examples how to Lead Armies , to Command Nations , to Distribute Justice , to cherish their Good Subjects , to subdue the Rebellious . These were the Arts of Empire . 'T was from the severe Practices of the Cottage , the Cell , and the Gown , and they usually fetch'd Instructions , and Examples , how to submit to hard Fate , to endure Mildly the Rigors of a stronger Power , to contemn the Melancholy , and Terrors of a Prison , to pardon , or to bear the Affronts of mean Conquerors ; and , by such hands to Dye a violent Death with Decence . What Praises then can be worthy of that King , who so much excell'd the upper , and the lower part of Mankind , in their different perfections ? who out-did the Upper in Righteousness and Mercy ; the Lower , in Meekness , and Long-suffering ? How shall we be able to Extol His Goodness ; who could 〈◊〉 readily lay down His own Life for His Subjects ? when it has been often esteem'd goodness enough in other Sovereigns , to spare sometimes the Lives of some of their Subjects , that have transgrest their Commands ! What Title shall we bestow on that Magnanimous Courage , which could endure all the Barbarous forms of such a Tryal , and Execution ; the Insolence of the Ignominious Judges ; the Horror of the Disguis'd Executioners ; nay , even ( pardon the Word , for He Pardon'd the Thing ) the Spitle of His Inhuman Persecutors : could suffer this , with as much unconcern'd easiness , as if it had been only the Pomp , and Solemnity of His Coronation ? To Witness all this , I might challenge the Testimony of those very Servants , that were , by His Adversaries , impos'd on Him in His Restraints : of whom , many were Converted by His Sufferings , who had been His most bitter Enemies , whilst He flourish'd . I might Allege His Speeches , His Conferences , His Personal Treaties , His Conversation , His Immortal Writings ; all Compos d in His Greatest Distresses ; some near the very sight of the Scaffold . They tell us , that when Caesar Swam for His Life amidst His Enemies , He had such Presence of Mind , as to Swim with one hand , and in the other to hold up His own Book , and save it from perishing . But , when the King was incompass'd with far greater , inevitable dangers , He not only preserv'd , but Wrote that Books ; to which , amongst all the Writings of Princes , I know none equal , but Caesar's , if His : none Superior , but Davids and Solomons . But , What need we seek farther , for a Proof of His Royal Courage , and Christian Patience , than to the very Men that Conquer'd Him ? And that not only now , when they have so many Reasons , to Condemn their own Cruelty towards Him : and , of all Reasons , two most unanswerable ones : I wish they would think so : His Own Pardoning them , and His Sons Confirming His Mercy . But we may even venture to appeal to their Opinions , and Censures of Him , when He was in His Lowest , they in their Highest , most Insulting Condition . His Enemies had Him long amongst them : long they had all His nearest Concernments open to their discovery : His Chambers , His Cabinets , His very Body , and Heart . The last part of His Life they forc'd Him to pass in a Camp , or Prison , or Hall , or Scaffold . There were no secret conveyances of a Palace ; no officious silence of Servants ; there all His behaviour was exposed to the view of all , and chiefly to those , that mortally hated Him. And what the least indecence or weakness did they discerne ? What the Greatest Resolution , and Heroick Spirit did they not see in Him ? Did , at any time , any word , or even murmur of discontent come from Him , for which He ought to have been jealous of His Enemies presence ? Nay rather might He not , in all , have wish'd for their most exact , and severe observation ? For what did , or could they observe ? What in all His Discourses , but great Truth oppress'd , and yet Gloriously Prevailing ? What in all His private Actions , but the most unaffected Modesty , and Devotion ? What in all His Publick , but Unmoveable Constancy , and , the most invincible thing in this World , an Humble Conscience well-assured ? How many various , distracting thoughts , of Hatred and Disdain , of natural Tenderness and Affection ( not to speak of Fear or desire of Life ) might often then have assaulted a weaker Heart , in any one of all the dismal degrees of His Passion ! was it not then enough to Discompose and Shake a Mind less Establish'd : or then when , instead of the most Flourishing Court of Europe , He saw Himself long abandon'd to silent Walls , or Rocks , and Seas , and yet more cruel Guards ? or then when in His Solitude He cast His thoughts back on His Travels abroad ; where He was the Love , and Delight of Forein Courts . and , on His Return Home , when the Whole Nation seem'd , for Joy , to go out beyond its own Shores to Meet Him : and , now to find , that the same Nation lay so quiet , and Astonish'd at His approaching Murther ? or then , when He reflected on the Spotless Innocence of His whole Life , and compar'd it as He well might , with other Princes His Contemporaries : and yet observ'd the strange Difference , that Heaven had made in their Fortunes ? or then when He found , that after the Greatest hopes of Peace , and Accommodation , He was so suddenly , so unexpectedly Hurried to Destruction , that even many of His Enemies , could not keep pace with the rest , in their Cruelty ? or when He saw , that all the second Attempts of His Loyal Friends had prov'd as unfortunate , as the first ? or , when He remember'd the Innocence , and the Calamities of the absent parts of Himself , and took His last leave of those His Children that were present ? or , when He beheld the places of His Trial , and Martyrdome ; the one the Chief Seat of His own Justice , the other of His former Splendor ? Or when — I can go no farther . For this can scarce be spoken without Tears : and Tears will not become a Death so Triumphant . Let it suffice , that , in all this , He was not without all Natural Affections ; nor can any Man , that is , be truly Magnanimous . Two things , indeed , came near His Heart : the Misfortunes of His Family , and Friends ; and the Slavery , in which , He saw His Subjects were going to be Inthrall'd . These only could touch , yet even these could not disorder His Soul , nor weaken His Faith in God ; to whom He Meekly Resign'd His Own Private , and the Publick Cause , which was His own too ; and by a Divine Spirit , Foretold the happy Recovery of both . Let therefore the present Age , and Posterity , let all his Friends and Admirers know , what his Enemies could not but confess ; that in all his Last Words , and Looks , and Actions ; He not only equall'd his former Greatness ; but he Did , and Spoke , and Look'd , as became the Glory he was going to possess . He parted from his Crowns , as not asham'd to have worn them , nor conscious of deserving to lose them , nor unwilling to leave them . He submitted not to the Unjust Sentence , as a King : he yielded to the Cruel Execution of it , as a Christian . The dishonorable part he refus'd ; the painful he accepted . He pleaded not for himself at his Enemies Bar , because it was below him : He Pleaded , and Pray'd for his Enemies , at the Bar of heaven , which only was above him . That Majesty which Nature gave him , he preserv'd , he improv'd : That humility , and charity , which Religion Taught him , he Practis'd , he adorn'd . What Comforter , in so great a Tempest , could have inspir'd him , with such Security , such Calmness , such Cheerfulness ? Who ? but He , whom the Winds and Seas obey'd , He , that walk'd Himself on the Roughest Waves ; suffer'd himself the greatest Torments , and was able to make His Disciples do the same . Of that Divine Teacher He learnt this Heavenly Truth , That Persecution is a Blessing : and , He behav'd Himself Conformable to that Blessed Example , as well as Doctrine . He was Persecuted for Righteousness sake ; whether we take Righteousness for Justice , or Religion : For both of which He was a Martyr : and , although his Persecutions might seem a Curse , to him , in this World , because they depriv'd him of an Earthly Diadem : yet they were a Real , Inexpressible Blessing to him : For he is abundantly , unmeasurably recompens'd in the Kingdom of Heaven . Whether the Kingdom of Heaven be taken , as usually it is in Scripture Language , for the Gospel of that Kingdom : those Truths , and Precepts , that shew the Way to it : or for the Joys of Heaven it self , to which they Lead : He certainly has had the blessings of both : He felt , out of question , the sincere Comforts of the Evangelical Doctrine in this World : his Life shewd it ; his Sufferings prov'd it ; his Death most evidently confirm'd it . And therefore we have a charitable , undoubted assurance , that he attain'd , at his Death , to the other more happy Sense of the Word : that ( as he himself the very Moment of his Expiring , said he should ) He has exchang'd his Corruptible , for an Incorruptible Crown : that the Text of the Sermon Preach'd before him , at his Coronation , though it then might seem unseasonable , has prov'd Prophetical : which was the latter part of those Words , Be thou faithful unto Death , and I will give thee a Crown of Life . We have now attended this Godlike Man , to the end of his Labors : and , as much as we can do , by our lmperfect Applauses , and Congratulations , we have brought him to the end of his Faith , his entrance into the Kingdom of Glory . But , I am sensible , that , in Zeal to perform my poor Office to his Ashes , I have too much Trespass'd on the Patience of this Great Assembly . Yet , I was led on by some kind of confidence , that , having this the Subject of my Discourse , I should not only have your Customary pardon , and more than ordinary Attention , but the most favourable Concurrence of your tenderest Passions , For though , on less , and private occasions , there is scarce any Sorrow , but may be wearied and dried up , by the distance of almost Thirty years : yet I could not but believe , and you your selves have given me the greatest reasons imaginable to believe it , that there are none here present , who came not hither still afresh , and most nearly concern'd in the Irreparable Loss of that excellent King. Perhaps some that have heard me this day , were his own Menial Servants ; and so were Domestick Witnesses of His incomparable goodness ; and had a share in His particular Kindness : many there may be here , who injoy'd the blessed fruits of His first Peaceful , most Gentle , most Religious Reign : many I see , who griev'd at His Ruin , and indeavour'd too to support His falling Greatness with the hazard of all , with the loss of much , that was near , and dear to them . Even the youngest of us , methinks , cannot but still , most sensibly regret His untimely Fall ; by which they were depriv'd of so perfect an Example of all Virtue , and Piety ; and were forc'd to pass away their first years , that else might have been most pleasant , amidst the Oppressions , and Confusions of their Country . And certainly , all of us together have just cause to be humbled , under a sense of Gods Wrath , and to Implore his Mercy , that this Royal Innocent Blood , which was spilt for the Church , and has cryed from under the Altar , may , at length , cease Crying ; not only against the Wretched Instruments of that Cruelty , for that also , in our own Charity , and by His Example , we ought to Pray for : but , that His Blood may cease Crying against the whole Nation it Self , which ( How shall I express it , without offence ? nay , How with a just resentment ? ) which certainly suffer'd it by their Negligence : Should I not add ? by their stupidity ; and too much hasten'd it by their Sins . And , if we are all Cordially thus affected , as , I doubt not , but we all are ; with such Indignation for his Undeserv'd Death ; such Veneration for His Never-dying Memory ; may we all endeavor to express these our Affections , not only by declaring our abhorrence of those Black Counsels , and Accursed Practises , which finish'd the last part of His Tragedy ; but even of those that did , any way , though at never so great a distance , in the least , Contribute towards it . May all of us , according to our several Stations and Abilities : and , Who can have Abilities to do this , if you here present have not ? May all of us be most industriously Watchful , that the same Schismatical Designs , and Antimonarchical Principles , which then lnspir'd so many ill Men , Misled some Good Men , and cost our Good King so Dear ; may not once more revive , and Insinuate themselves again , under the same , or Newer , and Craftier Disguises , and find an opportunity to attempt the like Mischiefs . For the Present , Let us all joyn in our hearty Prayers to Allmighty God , That he would be pleased to pardon to us , and to our Country , this Hainous , Publick Sin , by the same Infinite Compassion , by which we can only expect Forgiveness of Our own particular Sins ; By that Blood , which speaks better things than the Blood of the most Righteous Abel , or Charles ; By that Blood , which is more Precious than the Kings : By the Blood , and Merits , and Intercession of Iesus Christ Our Lord. Amen . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A61173-e300 Rev. 2.10