Distant Reader - author-laudWilliam-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-23 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 30 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 1,328,458 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 44,281 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 92. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

church, god, may, lord, will, one, yet, christ, non, king, shall, great, first, est, now, man, time, men, made, mr, make, must, faith, things, therefore, many, ad, de, much, good, well, might, scripture, say, people, true, amen, without, bishop, us, give, thing, haue, cause, house, day, holy, though, know, place

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are A replie to Iesuit Fishers answere to certain questions propou[n]ded by his most gratious Matie: King Iames By Francis White D: of Div· deane of Carlile, chaplaine to his Matie. Hereunto is annexed, a conference of the right: R:B: of St Dauids wth the same Iesuit*, A relation of the conference between William Laud, late Lord Arch-bishop of Canterbury, and Mr. Fisher the Jesuite by the command of King James, of ever-blessed memory : with an answer to such exceptions as A.C. takes against it., and The history of the troubles and tryal of the Most Reverend Father in God and blessed martyr, William Laud, Lord Arch-Bishop of Canterbury. vol. 1 wrote by himself during his imprisonment in the Tower ; to which is prefixed the diary of his own life, faithfully and entirely published from the original copy ; and subjoined, a supplement to the preceding history, the Arch-Bishop''s last will, his large answer to the Lord Say''s speech concerning liturgies, his annual accounts of his province delivered to the king, and some other things relating to the history..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

jesus christ, iesus christ, holy ghost, tells us, general councel, holy scripture, roman church, non est, true church, must needs, early english, english books, whole church, catholike church, humbly beseech, books online, mean time, lord arch, many things, sir william, present church, may see, id est, king charles, may bee, romane church, king james, high commission, non potest, page images, hoc est, particular church, god himselfe, great deal, haue beene, god forbid, generall councell, man may, text creation, new testament, may erre, creation partnership, much less, one mr, every man, god will, one thing, two things, one kind, protestant religion

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are A true relation of the Popish-plot against King Charles I and the Protestant religion. Seven sermons preached upon severall occasions by the Right Reverend and learned Father in God, William Laud, late Arch-Bishop of Canterbury, &c., and A letter sent from the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury (now prisoner in the Tower) to the Vice-Chancellor, doctors, and the rest of the convocation at Oxford, intimating his humble desires to His Majesty, for a speedy reconcilement between him and his high court of Parliament..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

god, lord, church, king, state, tcp, majesty, christ, religion, grace, spirit, parliament, letters, law, court, bishop, arch, answer, world, truth, thy, text, son, saviour, rule, roman, reason, psal, power, popish, plot, people, peace, majesties, kingdome, house, holy, england, communion, churches, bishops, act, word, william, vnity, trin, tradition, thee, temple, service

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be church, and A letter sent from the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury (now prisoner in the Tower) to the Vice-Chancellor, doctors, and the rest of the convocation at Oxford, intimating his humble desires to His Majesty, for a speedy reconcilement between him and his high court of Parliament. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, things, man, men, ad, people, thing, t, way, day, scripture, p., self, words, hath, part, place, reason, nothing, cause, cap, power, peace, life, quod, psal, order, truth, faith, religion, grace, end, name, others, word, charge, times, manner, heart, body, prayer, none, world, ca, hand, church, kings, fathers, king, selfe

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, was, are, have, were, had, did, made, do, make, being, said, been, say, give, know, come, done, see, take, am, according, let, given, pray, concerning, sent, set, says, put, think, found, came, 〈, taken, called, brought, ''s, hath, believe, haue, thought, hope, read, gave, beseech, go, went, bee

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

〉, ◊, 〈, church, god, c., lord, christ, king, s., est, d., mr., bishop, thou, de, majesty, faith, hath, house, law, england, q., l., lords, lib, non, parliament, rome, doctrine, holy, aug., a., sed, vt, c, cum, b, arch, ●, men, book, pope, sir, councel, university, qui, father, esse, text

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, i, his, he, my, they, me, them, their, you, him, our, your, we, thy, us, thee, her, himself, themselves, she, its, mine, theirs, ours, one, yours, vp, vnto, ye, ''s, yee, †, non, ‖, thou, l, hers, tamen, ib, us''d, urg''d, tollit, ne, lord, iu, hee, f, em, elias

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, great, same, such, many, true, own, good, more, first, whole, present, much, able, last, particular, full, holy, necessary, little, fit, common, non, least, greater, sufficient, former, second, most, better, very, infallible, next, new, sure, false, free, late, saith, best, right, several, ready, large, honourable, like, greatest, gracious, private, merciful

not, so, then, now, therefore, as, yet, most, very, here, first, well, more, too, there, also, up, only, ever, onely, never, much, out, secondly, in, thus, even, again, together, far, humbly, else, long, before, away, especially, indeed, down, all, thereof, thirdly, still, †, once, that, is, off, enough, no, on

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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