The remedy of discontentment, or, A treatise of contentation in whatsoever condition fitted for sad and troubled times / by Jos. Hall ... Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656. 1684 Approx. 123 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 90 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2006-06 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A45310 Wing H405 ESTC R42064 23360940 ocm 23360940 109547 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A45310) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 109547) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 1701:28) The remedy of discontentment, or, A treatise of contentation in whatsoever condition fitted for sad and troubled times / by Jos. Hall ... Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656. The fourth edition. [12], 165 p., 1 leaf of plates : port. Printed by G. Larkin for Obadiah Blagrave ..., London : 1684. Contains frontispiece portrait of author. Reproduction of original in the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus). Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Contentment -- Religious aspects -- Christianity. Christian life -- Early works to 1800. 2005-11 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2005-11 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2006-01 Jonathan Blaney Sampled and proofread 2006-01 Jonathan Blaney Text and markup reviewed and edited 2006-04 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion THE REMEDY OF DISCONTENTMENT : OR , A TREATISE OF Contentation . in whatsoever Condition . Fitted for sad and troubled Times . By Jos. Hall D. D. and B. N. The Fourth Edition . Phil. 4. 11. I have learned in whatsoever estate I am , therewith to be content . 12. I know how to be abased , and I know how to abound ; Every where , and in all things , I am instructed both to be full and to be hungry , both to abound and to want . LONDON : Printed by G. Larkin for Obadiah Blagrave at the Bear in St. Pauls Church-yard . 1684. Vera Effigies Reverendi Do ni : Josephi Hall Norwici nuper Episco : TO THE CHRISTIAN READER . Grace and Peace . WHat can be more seasonable , then at this time , when all the world is sick of Discontentment , to give counsels & Receits of Contentation : Perhaps the Patient will think it a time ill chosen for Physick , in the midst of a Fit : But in this case we must do as we may . I confess , I had rather have stayed till the Paroxism were happily over ; that so the humors being somwhat setled , I might hope for the more kindly operation of this wholsom Medicine . But , partly my age & weakness , despairing to out-live the publick distemper ; and partly my judgment ( crossing the vulgar opinion for the season of some kind of Receipts ) have now put me upon this safe and useful Prescription : God is my witness , that I wrote this in the depth of mine own afflictions , ( the particulars whereof , it were unseasonable to trouble the world withal ) as one that meant to make my self my own Patient , by enjoyning my self that course of remedies , that I prescribe to others , and , as one , who by the powerful working of Gods Spirit within me , labour to find my heart framed to those holy dispositions which I wish and recommend to every Christian soul , If there be no remedy but the worst of outward troubles must afflict us ; it shall be happy yet , if we may find inward peace in our bosoms : which shall be , if we can reconcile our selves to our offended God ; and calm our spirits to a meek undergoing of those sufferings , which the divine Providence hath thought fit to measure forth unto us : This is the main drift of this ensuing labour . Now the same God , who hath , in these blustring times , put into my heart these quiet thoughts of holy Contentation , bless them in every hand that shall receive them and make them effectual to the good of every soul , that shall now , and hereafter entertain them : that so their gracious proficiency may , in the day of the appearance of our Lord Jesus , add to the joy of my account ; Who am the unworthiest of the servants of God , and his Church , J. N. THE CONTENTS OF the several Sections following . Sect. I. THe excellency of Contentation ; and how it is to be had . p. 1. § II. The contrariety of estates wherein it is to be exercised . 3 § III. Who they are that know not how to want , and be abased . 7 § IV. Who they are that know how to want . 14 § V. Considerations leading to Contentation ; and first the consideration of the fickleness of life , and of all earthly commodities ; Honor , Beauty , Strength , &c. p. 17 § VI. Considerations of the unsatisfying condition of these worldly things . 28 § VII . The danger of the too much estimation of these earthly comforts . 33 § VIII . The consideration of the divine Providence , ordering , and over-ruling all events . 36 § IX . The consideration of the worse condition of others . 41 § X. The consideration of the inconveniencies of great estates ; and therein first their cares . 46 § XI . The danger of the distempers , both bodily , and spiritual , that follow great means ; and the torment in parting with them . p. 53 § XII . Consideration of the benefits of Poverty . 59 § XIII . Consideration of how little will suffice Nature . 65 § XIV . Consideration of the inconveniencies and miseries of discontentment . 70 § XV. The gracious vicissitudes of Gods favours and afflictions . 77 § XVI . Consid . of the great examples of Contentation , both without and within the Church of God. 85 § XVII . Contentment in death it self . 96 § XVIII . The miseries and inconveniencies of the continued conjunction of the soul and body . 104 § XIX . Holy dispositions fer contentment ; the first whereof , Humility . 111 § XX. 2. Self-resignation . 119 § XXI . 3. The true inward riches . 126 § XXII . Holy resolutions : and 1. That the present estate is best for us . 131 § XXIII . 2. Resolution , to abate our desires . 139 § XXIV . 3. Resolution , to inure our selves to digest smaller discontentments . 147 § XXV . 4. Resolution , to be frequent and fervent in Prayer . 155 § XXVI . The difficulty of knowing how to abound ; & the ill consequences of the not knowing it . 158 THE REMEDY OF Discontentment . SECT . I The excellency of Contentation ; and how it is to be had . IF there be any happiness to be found upon earth , it is in that which we call Contentation : This is a flower that grows not in every Garden : The great Doctor of the Gentiles tells us that he had it ; I have learned ( saith he ) in what estate soever I am , therewith to be content ; I know how to be abased , & I know how to abound : Lo , he could not have taken out this lesson if he had not learn'd it ; and he could not have learnt it of any other then his Master in heaven : What face soever Philosophy may set upon it , all Morality can not reach it ; neither could his learned Gamaliel , at whose feet he sate , have put this skill into him ; no , he learn'd it since he was a Christian ; & now professeth it ; So as it appears , there is a divine art of Contentation to be attained in the School of Christ ; which whosoever hath learnt , hath taken a degree in heaven , and now knows how to be happy both in want , & abundance . SECT . II. The contrariety of Estates wherein Contentation is to be exercised . THe nature of man is extreamly querulous ; we know not what we would have , and when we have it , we know not how to like it : we would be happy , yet we would not die ; we would live long , yet we would not be old ; we would be kept in order , yet we would not be chastised with affliction ; we are loth to work , yet are weary of doing nothing ; we have no list to stir , yet find long sitting painful ; we have no mind to leave our bed , yet find it a kind of sickness to lie long ; we would mary , but would not be trobled with houshold cares ; when once we are married , we wish we had kept single ; If therefore grace have so mastered nature in us , as to render us content with what ever condition , we have attained to no small measure of perfection . Which way soever the wind blows , the skilful Mariner knows how to turn his sails to meet it ; the contrariety of estates to which we lie open here , gives us different occasions for the exercise of Contentation : I cannot blame their choice , who desire a middle estate betwixt want and abundance , and to be free from those inconveniencies which attend both extreams : Wise Solomon was of this diet ; Give me neither poverty nor riches : feed me with the food of my meet allowance ; Lo , he that had all , desired rather to have but enough : and if any estate can afford contentment in this life , surely this is it , in the judgment and experience of the wisest Heathen ▪ But forasmuch as this equal poise is hardly attainable by any man , and is more proper for our wishes , and speculation , then for our hopes ; true wisdom must teach us so to compose our selves that we may be fit to entertain the discontentments and dangers of those excesses , and defects , which we cannot but meet with in the course of our mortal life : And surely we shall find that both extreams are enemies to this good temper of the soul : prosperity may discompose us , as well as an adverse condition . The Sun-shine may be as troublesom to the traveller as the wind or rain ; neither know I whether is more hard to manage of the two , a dejected estate , or a prosperous ; whether we may be more incomodated with a resty horse , or with a tired one : Let us begin with that which nature is wont to think most difficult ; that contrary to the practice of learners , we may try to take out the hardest lesson first . Let us therefore learn in the first place how to want . SECT . III. How many do not know how to want . COuld we teach men how not to want , we should have Disciples enow ; every man seeks to have , and hates to lack : could we give an Antidote against poverty , it would be too precious : And why can we not teach men even this lesson too ? The Lord is my shepherd , saith David therefore can I lack nothing & most sweetly elsewhere , O fear the Lord ye that be his Saints ; for they that fear him , lack nothing ; The Lions do lack and suffer hunger ; but they which seek the Lord shall want no manner of thing that is good ; Let God be true , and every man a lyer , Certainly , if we were not wanting to God in our fear of him , in our faithful reliance upon him , in our conscionable seeking of him , he whose the earth is , and the fulness of it would not suffer our careful endevors to go weeping away : But if it so fall out that his most wise providence finds it better for us to be held short in our worldly estate , ( as it may be the great Physitian sees it most for our health to be kept fasting ) it is no less worth our learning to know how to want ; For there is many a one that wants , but knows not how to want , and therefore his need makes him both offensive and miserable . There are those that are poor and proud ; one of the wise mans 3 abominations ; foolish Laodiceans that bear themselves for rich , encreased with goods , and lacking nothing , when they are no other then wretched , and miserable , and poor , and blind , and naked ; These men know not how to want , their heart is too big for their purse ; & surely pride , though every where odious , yet doth no where so ill as in rags . There are those that are poor & envious ; looking with an evil eye on the better fare of others ; as surely this vice dwels more commonly in Cottages then Palaces . How displeasedly doth the beggar look upon the larger almes of his neighbour ; grudging to another what ever falls besides himself , and misliking his own dole , because the next hath more ; whose eye with the discontented labourers , is evil , because his master is good ; Neither do these men know how to want . There are those that want distrustfully ; measuring the merciful provision of the Almighty by the line of their own sense ; as the Samaritan Peer , when in the extremity of a present famine he heard the Prophet foretel a suddain plenty ; Behold , if the Lord would make windows in heaven , might this thing be ? There are those that want impatiently ; repining at Gods dealing with them , & making their own impotent anger guilty of a further addition to their misery ; as the distressed King of Israel , in a desperate sense of that grievous dearth ; Behold , this evil is of the Lord , what should I wait on the Lord any longer ? And those wretched ones , who when the fourth Angel had poured out his vial upon the Sun , being scorched with the extremity of the heat , blasphemed the God of heaven : In this kind was that sinful techiness of Jonah : when I see a poor worm that hath put it self out of the cool cell of the earth wherein it was lodged , and now being beaten upon by the Sun-beams , lies wrigling upon the bare path , turning it self every way in vain ; and not finding so much as the shade of a leaf to cover it ; I cannot but think of that fretting Prophet ; when wanting the protection of his gourd he found himself scalded with that strong reflection ; and looking up wrathfully towards that Sun from whom he smarted , could say to the God that made it , I do well to be angry , even to the death . Lastly , there are those that are poor & dishonest even out of the very suggestion of their want ; It was the danger hereof that made Agur the Son of Jakeh pray against penury ; Lest I be poor , and steal : and ( by for swearing it ) take the name of God in vain . SECT . IV. Who they are that know how to want . THese & perhaps others do and must want , but in the mean time they do that which they know not how to do ; there is a skill in wanting which they have not ; Those only know how to want , that have learnt to frame their mind to their estate ; like to a skilful Musitian , that can let down his strings a peg lower when the tune requires it ; or like to some cunning Spagirick , that can intend or remit the heat of his furnace according to occasion . Those , who when they must be abased , can stoop submissly ; like to a gentle reed , which when the wind blows stiff , yeilds every way ; those that in an humble obeysance can lay themselves low at the foot of the Almighty , & put their mouth in the dust ; that can patiently put their necks under the yoak of the Highest ; & can say with the Prophet , Truly this is my sorrow , and I must bear it ; Those that can smile upon their afflictions , rejoicing in tribulation , singing in the Jail with Paul and Silas at midnight ; Lastly , those that can improve misery to an advantage , being the richer for their want , bettered with evils , strengthned with infirmities : and can truly say to the Almighty I know that of very faithfulness thou hast afflicted me ; Never could they have comne out so pure metal , if they had not passed under the hand of the Refiner ; never had they proved so toward children , if they had not been beholden to the rod : These are they that know how to want , and to be abased ; and have effectually learned to be content with the meanest condition : to which happy temper that we may attain , there will be use of 1. Certain Considerations ; 2. Certain Dispositions : 3. Certain Resolutions : These three shall be as the grounds , and rules of this our Divine Art of Contentation . SECT . V. The Consideration of the fickleness of life , and all earthly Commodities . THE first Consideration shall be of the just valuation of all these Earthly things ; which doubtless is such , as that the wise Christian cannot but set a Low price upon them , in respect first , of their transitoriness ; secondly , of their insufficiency of satisfaction : thirdly , the danger of their fruition . At the best , they are but glassy stuff , which the finer it is , is so much more britle ; yea , what other then those gay bubbles , which Children are wont to raise from the mixed sope and spittle of their Walnutshell , which seems to represent pleasing colours , but in their flying up instantly vanish ? There is no remedy ; either they must leave us , or we must leave them . Well may we say that of the Psalmist , which Campian was reported to have often in his mouth ; My soul is continually in my hands ; and who knows whether it will not expire in our next breathing ? How many have shut their eies in an healthful sleep , who have waked in another World ? We give too large scope to our account , whilst we reckon seven years for a Life ; a shorter time will serve ; whilst we find the revolution of less then half those years to have dispatched * five Caesars , and five Popes ; nay , who can assure himself of the next moment ? It is our great weakness , if we do not look upon every day , as our last ; why should we think our selves in a better condition , then the chosen vessel , * who deeply protested to dye daily ? What a poor complaint was that of the great Conqueror of the Jews , Titus Vespasian , who putting his head out of his sick litter , querulously accused Heaven , that he must dye , and had not deserved it ; when he might have found it guilt enough that he was a man ; and therefore by the very sentence of nature condemned I know not whether to live or dye . Indeed , what can we cast our eyes upon , that doth not put us in mind of our frailty ? All our fellow-creatures dye for us , and by us : The day dies into night ; the trees and all other plants of the earth suffer a kind of Autumnal mortality ; the face of that common Mother of us all , doth at the least in Winter , resemble Death ; But if the Angel of Death ( as the Jews term him ) shall respite , and reprive us for the time ; alas ! how easily may we have over-lived our comforts ? If Death do not snatch us away from them , how many thousand means of casualties , of enemies , may snatch them away from us ? He that was the greatest man of all the Sons of the East , within a few days became a spectacle and proverb of penury , which still sticks by him , and so shall do to the worlds end , As poor as Job , The rich plain of Jordan , which over-night was as the Garden of the Lord , is in the morning covered over with brimston , & salt , and burning ; Wilt thou cause thine eies to fly upon that which is not ? saith wise Solomou : For Riches certainly make themselves wings , they fly away as an Eagle towards Heaven : if we have wings of desire to fly after them , they are nimbler of flight to outstrip us and leave us no less miserable in their loss , then we were eager in their pursuit . As for Honour , what a meer shadow it is ? upon the least cloud interposed , it is gone , and leaves no mention where it was : The same Sun sees Haman adored in the Persian Court , like some earthly Deity ; and like some base vermine waving upon his Gibbet : Do we see the great , and glorious Cleopatra , shining in the pompous Majesty of Egypt ? stay but a while , and ye shall see her in the dust , & her two Children , whom she proudly stiled the Sun , and the Moon , driven like miserable Captives , before the Chariot of their Conqueror : Man being in honour abideth not , saith the Psalmist , he perisheth , but his greatness ( as more frail then he ) is oftentimes dead and buryed before him , and leavs him the surviving executor of his own shame . It was easie for the captive Prince , to observe in the Chariot-wheel of his Victor , that when one spoak rose up , another went down & both these in so quick a motion , that it was scarce distinguished by the Eye . Well therefore may we say of Honour , as Ludovicus Vives said of Scholastical Divinity : Cui fumas est pro fundamento : It is built upon smoak , how can it be kept from vanishing ? As for Beauty , what is it but a dash of Natures tincture laid upon the skin , which is soon washt off with a little sickness ? what but a fair blossom , that drops off , so soon as the fruit offers to succeed it ? what but a flower , which with one hot Sun gleam weltreth & falls ? He that had the choice of a thousand Faces , could say , Favour is deceitful , and Beauty is Vanity Lastly , for Strength , and vigour of Body , if it could be maintained till our old age , alas , how soon is that upon us , ere we be aware ! how doth it then shrivel our flesh and loosen our sinews , and cripple our joynts ! Milo , when he lookt upon his late brawny armes , and saw them now grown lanck and writhled , le ts fall tears , and bewraies more weakness of minde , then he had before bodily strength : but how often doth sickness prevent the debilitations of age ; pulling his strongest Man upon the knees , and making him fess , that youth , as well as child-hood , is Vanity . As for Pleasure , it dies in the birth , and is not therefore worthy to come into this bill of Mortality . Do we then upon sad consideration see and feel the manifest transitoriness of Life , Riches , Honour , Beauty , Strength , Pleasure , and whatever else can be dear and precious to us in this world , and can we dote upon them so , as to bee too much dejected with our parting from them ? Our Saviour bids us consider the Lillies of the field ? And he that made both tells us , that Solomon in all his glory was not arayed like one of these Surely , full well are they worth our considering . But if those Beauties could be as permanent , as they are glorious , how would they carry away our hearts with them ? Now , their fading condition justly abates of their value ; would we not smile at the weakness of that man , that should weep and howl , for the falling of this Tulip , or that Rose , abandoning all comfort for the loss of that , which he knows must flourish but his month ? It is for Children to cry for the falling of their house of Cards , or the miscariage of that painted gewgaw , which the next showr would have defaced . Wise Christians know how to apprize good things according to their continuance , and can therefore set their hearts only upon the invisible Comforts of a better Life , as knowing that the things which are not seen , are Eternal . SECT VI. Consideration of the unsatisfying condition of all worldly things . BUt were these earthly things exempted from that fickleness , which the God of Nature hath condemned them unto , were they ( the very memory wherof perisheth with their satiety ) as lasting , as they are brittle , yet what comfort could they yield for the Soul to rest in ? Alas ! their efficacy is too short to reach unto a true Contentation ; yea , if the best of them were perpetuated unto us , upon the fairest conditions , that this Earth can allovv how intollerable tedious would it prove in the fruition ? Say that God were pleased to protract my life to the length of the age of the first founders of Mankind , and should ( in this state of body ) add hundreds of years to the dayes of my pilgrimage : Woe is me , how weary should I be of my self , and of the World ? I that now complain of the load of seventy one years , how should I be tired out , ere I could arrive at the age of Parre ? but before I could climb up to the third Century of Johannes de Temporihus , how often should I call for death , not to take up , but to take off my burthen , & with it , my self ? But if any , or all these earthly blessings could bee freed from those grievances , wherewith they are commonly tempered , yet how little satisfaction could the Soul find in them ; What are these outward things , but very luggage , which may load our backs , but can not lighten our Hearts ? Great , & wise Solomon , that had the full command of them all , cries out , Vanity of Vanities , and a greater Monarch then he shuts up the Scene with , I have been all things , & am never the better : All these are of too narrow an extent , to fill the capacious soul of Man ; the desires whereof are inlarg'd with injoying , so as the more it hath , the less it is satisfied , neither indeed can it be otherwise ; The Eye , and the Ear are but the Purveyors for the Heart , if therefore the Eye be not satisfied with seeing , nor the ear with hearing , how shall the heart say , It is enough ? Now , who would suffer himself to be too much disquieted with the losse of that , which may vex him , but cannot content him ? We do justly smile at the folly of that vain Lord , of whom Petrarch speaks , who when an Horse which hee dearly loved , was sick , laid that Steed of his , on a silken bed , with a wrought pillow under his head , and caused himself ( then afflicted with the Gout ) to be carryed on his servants shoulders to visit that dear patient ; and upon his decease , mourned solemnly for him , as if it had been his Son. We have laught at the fashion of the Girles of Holland , who having made to themselves gay and large Babies , and laid them in a curious cradle , fain them to sicken and dye , and celebrate their funeral with much passion : So fond are we , if having med to our selves imaginary Contentments here , in the World , we give way to immoderate grief in their miscarriage . SECT . VII . The danger of the love of these earthly comforts . NEither are these earthly comforts more defective in yeilding full satisfaction to the soul , then dangerous in their over-dear fruition : For too much delight in them , robs us of more solid Contentments ; The World is a cheating gamester , suffering us to win at the first , that at last he may go away with all , Our very Table may be made our snare ; and those things which should have been for our wealth , may be unto us an occasion of falling : Leo the fourth Emperour of Constantinople , delighted extreamly in pretious stones , with these he imbellishes his Crown , which being worn close to his Temples , strikes such a cold into his head , that causeth his bane yea , how many with the too much love of these outward things have lost , not their lives only , but their Souls ? No man can be at once the Favourite of God and the World ; as that Father said truly : or as our Saviour in fuller tearms , No man can serve two Masters , GOD and Mammon : Shortly , the World may be a dangerous enemy , a sure friend it cannot be . If therefore we shall like wise men , value things at their due prizes , since we are convinced in our selves , that all these earthly comforts are so transitory in their Nature , so unsatisfying in their use , and so dangerous in their enjoying , how little reason have we to be too much affected with foregoing them ? Our blood is dear to us , as that wherein our life is , yet if we find that it is either infected , or distempered , we do willingly part with it in hope of better health ; How much more , with those things which are farther from us , and less concerning us ? SECT . VIII . Consideration of the Divine Providence ordering all events . THe second Consideration is of that All-wise Providence which ordereth all events both in Heaven and Earth , allotting to every Creature his due proportion ▪ so over-ruling all things to the best , that we could not want , if he knew it better for us to abound : This Station he hath set us in , this measure hee hath shared out to us whose will is the rule of good ; what we have therfore , cannot but be best for us . The World is a large Chess-board , every man hath his place assigned him : one is a King , another a Knight , another a Pawn , and each hath his several motion , without this variety , there could be no game played ; A skilful Player will not stir one of these Chips , but with intention of an advantage ; neither should any of his men either stand , or move , if in any other part of that Checker , it might be in more hope to win . There is no estate in this World which can be universally good for all , one mans meat may be another mans medicine , and a third mans poyson ; A Turk finds health and temper in that Opium , which wonld put one of us into our last sleep . Should the Plow-man bee set to the Gentlemans fare , this Chicken , that Partridge or Phesant , would ( as over-slight food ) bee too soon turned over , and leave his empty stomach to quarrel for stronger provision : Beef is for his dyet ; and if any sauce needs besides his hunger , Garlick : Every man hath , as a body so a mind of his own ; what one loves is abhorred of another ; the great House-keeper of the world knows how to sit every palat with that which either is or should be agreeable to it , for salubrity , if not for pleasure : Lay before a Child a Knife , and a Rod , & bid him take his choyce , his hand will be straight upon that edge tool , especially , if it be a little guilded and glittering ; but the Parent knows the Rod to bee more safe sor him , & more beneficial ; We are ill carvers for our selves , he that made us , knows what is fit for us , either for time , or measure , without his Providence not an hair can fall from our heads ; We would have bodily health , I cannot blame us ; what is the world to us without it ? He whose we are , knows sickness to be for the health of the Soul ; whether should we in true judgment desire ? we wish to live , who can blame us ? life is sweet , but if our Maker have ordained , that nothing but Death can render us glorious , what madness is it to stick at the condition ? Oh our gross infidelity , if we do not believe that great Arbiter of the World , infinitely wise to know what is best for us , infinitely merciful to will what he knows best , infinitely powerful to do what he will ! And if we be thus perswaded , how can we , but in matter of good , say with blessed Mary : Behold thy Servant , best unto me according to thy Word : And in matter of evil , with good Eli : It is the Lord , let him do vvhat he vvill ? SECT . IX . Consideration of the worse Condition of others . IN the third place , it will be requisite for us to cast our eyes upon the vvorse condition of others , perhaps better deserving then our selves for if vve shall whine & complain of that weight , which others do run avvay chearfully withal , the fault will appear to be not in the heavinesse of the load , but in the vveakness of the bearer : If I be discontented with a mean dwelling , another man lives merrily in a thatched Cottage ; If I dislike my plain fare , the four captive children feed fair and fat with pulse and water . If I be plundred of my rich suits , I see a more chearful heart under a russet Coat , then great Princes have under purple Robes , If I do gently languish upon my sick bed , I see others patient under the torments of the Cholick , or Stone , or Strangury : If I be clapt up within four walls , I hear Petronous profess , he had rather be in Prison with Cato , then at liberty with Caesar : I hear Paul and Silas sing like Nightingales in their cages : Am I sad , because I am childless ? I hear many a parent wish himself so : Am I banished from my home ? I meet with many of whom the world was not worthy , wandring about in Sheep-skins , in Goat-skins , in deserts , and in mountains , and in dens , and caves of earth : What am I that I should speed better then the miserablest of thee patients ? What had they done , that they should fare worse then I ? If I have little , others have less ; If I feel pain , some others , torture : If their sufferings be just , my forbearances are merciful ; my provisions to theirs , liberal : It is no ill counsel therefore , and not a little conducing to a contented want , that great persons should sometimes step aside into the homely Cottages of the poor , and see their mean stuffe , course fare , hard lodgings , worthlesse utensils , miserable shifts ; and to compare it with their own delicate and nauseating superfluities : Our great and learned King Alfred was the better all his life after , for his hidden retiredness in a poor Neat-heards Cabbin , where he was sheltred , and sometimes also chidden by that homely Dame : Neither was it an ill wish of that wise Man , that all great Princes might first have had some little taste , what it is to want , that so their own experience might render them more sensible of the complaints of others . Man , though he be absolute in himself , and stand upon his own botom , yet is he not a little wrought upon by examples , and comparisons with others ; for in them he sees what he is , or may be , since no events are so confined to some special subjects , as that they may not be incident to other men . Merit is a poor plea for any mans exemption , whilst our sinful infirmities lay us all open to the rod of divine Justice : and if these dispensations be meerly out of favour , why do I rather grudge at a lesser misery , then bless God for my freedom from a greater judgement ? Those therefore that suffer more then I , have cause of more humbling , and I that suffer lesse then they , have cause of more thankfulness ; even mitigations of punishment are new mercies , so as others torments doe no other then heighten my obligations , let me not therefore repine to be favourably miserable . SECT . X. Consideration of the inconveniences of great estates : and first of their cares , that they expose us to envy , and then macerate us with cares . THe fourth Consideration shall be of the inconniences which do oftentimes attend a fulnesse of estate ; such , and so many as may well make us sit down content with a little ; wherof , let the first be envy : a mischief not to be avoided of the great ; This shadow follows that body inseparably ; All the curs in the street are ready to fall upon that dogg that goes away with the bone ; and every man hath a Cudgel to fling at a wel-loaded Tree ; wheras a mean condition is no eye-sore to any beholder : Low shrubs are not wont to be stricken with Lightning , but tall Oaks & Cedars feel their flames ; Whiles David kept his fathers sheep at home , hee might sing sweetly to his Harp in the fields , without any disturbance : But when he once comes to the Court , and finds applause and greatness creep upon him , now emulation , despight and malice , dog him close at the heels wheresoever he goes : Let him leave the Court , and flee into the Wilderness , there these bloodhounds follow him in hot suit ; Let him run into the Land of the Philistins , there they find him out , and chase him to Ziklag ; and if at the last , he hath climbed up to his just Throne , and there hopes to breathe him after his tedious pursuit , even there he meets with more unquietness then in his desert , and notwithstanding all his Royalty , at last cries out , Lord remember David , and all his troubles : How many have we known , whom their wealth hath betray'd , and made innocent malefactors ? who might have slept securely upon a hard bolster , and in a poor estate out-lived both their Judges , and Accusers . Besides , on even ground a fall may be harmless ; but he that falls from on high , cannot escape bruising : He therefore that can think the benefits of Eminence can countervail the dangers which haunt greatness , let him affect to overtop others ; for me , let me rather be safely low , then high with perill : After others envy , the next attendant upon greatness is our own cares ; how do these disquiet the Beds , and sawce the Tables of the wealthy ? breaking their sleeps , galling their sides , embittering their pleasure , shortning their days : How bitterly do we find the holiest men complaining of those distractions , which have attended their earthly promotions ? Nazianzen cries out of them as no other then the bane of the Soul ; and that other Gregory , whom we are wont to call the last of the best Bishops of Rome , and the first of the bad , passionately bewails this clogge of his high preferment : I confess saith he , that whiles I am outwardly advanced , I am inwardly fallen lower : this burdensome honour depresses me , and innumerable cares disquiet me on all sides ; my mind ( grown almost stupid with those temporall cares which are ever barking in mine ears ) is forced upon earthly things ; thus he : There are indeed cares which as they may be used , may help us on towards Heaven ; such as Malancthon owns to his Camerarius ; My cares , saith he , send me to my prayers , and my prayers dispel my cares ; but those anxieties which commonly wait upon greatness , distract the mind , and impare the body . It is an observation of the Jewish Doctors , that Joseph the Patriarch was of a shorter life then the rest of his brethren ; and they render this reason of it , for that his cares were as much greater , as his place was higher : It was not an unfit comparison of him , who resembled a Coronet upon the Temples , to a Paile upon the Head ; We have seen those who have carryed full and heavy vessels on the top of their heads , but then they have walked evenly , and erect under that load ; we never saw any that could dance under such a weight ; if either they bend , or move vehemently , all their cariage is spilled : Earthly greatness is a nice thing , and requires so much chariness in the managing , as the contentment of it cannot requite ; He is worthy of honey , that desires to lick it off from thorns ; for my part , I am of the mind of him who professed , not to care for those favours , that compelled him to lie waking . SECT . XI . Danger of distemper , both bodily and spiritual , that commonly follows great means : and torment in parting with them . IN the next place , I see greatness not more pale , and worn with cares , then swoln up , and sickly with excess ; Too much oyl poured in , puts out the Lamp ; Superfluity is guilty of a world of diseases , which the spare diet of poverty is free from ; How have we seen great mens eyes surfeited at that full Table , whereof their palate could not taste , and they have risen discontentedly glutted with the sight of that , which their stomach was uncapable to receive ; and when , not giving so much law to nature , as to put over their gluttonous meal , ( their wanton appetite charging them with a new variety of curious morsels , and lavish cups ) they find themselves overtaken vvith feaverous distempers , the Physitian must succeed the Cook ; and a second sickness must cure the first : But alas , these bodily indispositions are nothing to those spiritual evils , vvhich are incident unto secular greatness . It is a true word of S. Ambrose , seconded by common experience , that an high pitch of honour is seldom held up without sin ; And S. Jerome tells us , it was a common Proverb in his time , That a rich man either is wicked , or a wicked mans heir : Not , but that rich Abraham may have a bosom for poor Lazarus to rest in , and many great Kings have bin great Saints in Heaven , and there is still room for many more ; but that commonly great temptations follow great estates , & oftentimes overtake them ; neither is it for nothing , that riches are by our blessed Saviour styled the Mammon of Iniquity , and wealth is by the holy Apostle branded with deceitfulness ; such as cheat many millions of their Souls . Add unto these ( if you please ) the torment of parting with that pelf , and honour , which hath so grosly bewitched us ; such as may well verifie that which Lucius long since wrote to the Bishops of France , and Spain , that one houres mischief makes us forget the pleasure of the greatest excess . I marvel not at our English Jew , of whom our story speaks , that would rather part with his teeth , then his bags : how many have we known that have poured out their life together with their gold , as men that would not outlive their earthen god ; yea ( woe is me ) how many souls have been lost in the sin of getting , and in the quarrel of losing this thick clay , as the Prophet terms it ? But lastly , that which is yet the sorest of all the inconveniences , is the sadness of the reckoning , which must come in after these plentifull entertainments ; for there is none of all our cares here , but must be billed up ; and great Accompts must have long Audits : how hard a thing it is in this case , to have an Omnia aequè ? In the failing whereof , how is the Conscience affected ? I know not whether more tormented , or tormenting the miserable soul ; so as the great Owner is but ( as witty Bromiard compares him ) like a weary Jade , which all the day long hath been labouring under the load of a great treasure ; and at night lies down with a galled back . By that time therefore we have summed up all , and find here envy , cares , sicknesses both of body & soul , torment in parting with , and more torment in reckoning for , these earthly greatnesses ; we shall be convinced of sufficient reason to be well apaid with their want . SECT . XII . Consideration of the benefits of Poverty . LEt the fifth Consideration be , the benefits of Poverty ; such , and so great , as are enough to make us in love with having nothing . For first , what an advantage is it , to be free from those gnawing cares , which ( like Tityus his Vulture ) feed upon the Heart of the Great ? Here is a man that sleeps ( Aethiopian-like ) with his doors open ; no dangers threaten him , no feares break his rest ; he starts not out of his bed at midnight , and cries Theeves , he feels no rack of ambitious thoughts , he frets not at the disappointment of his false hopes , he cracks not his brain with hazardous plots , he mis-doubts no undermining of emulous rivals , no traps of hollow friendship , but lives securely in his homely Cottage , quietly enjoying such provision , as Nature and honest Industry furnish him withall ; for his drink , the neighbour Spring saves him the charge of his Excise ; and when his better earnings have fraught his trencher with a warm and pleasing morsel , and his cup with a stronger liquor , how chearfully is he affected with that happy variety ; and in the strength of it digests many of his thinner meals ? Meales usually sawced with an healthfull hunger , wherein no incocted Crudities oppress Nature , and cherish disease : Here are no Gouts , no Dropsies , no Hypochondriack passions , no Convulsive fits , no distempers of Surfets , but a clear and wholsome vigor of body , and an easie putting over the light tasks of digestion , to the constant advantage of health . And as for outward dangers , what an happy immunity doth commonly bless the poor man ? How can he fear to fall , that lies flat upon the ground ? The great Pope , Boniface the seventh , when he saw many stately Buildings ruined with Earthquakes , is glad to raise him a little Cabin of boards in the midst of a Meadow , and there findes it safest to shelter his triple Crown . When great men hoist their Top-sail , and launch forth into the deep , having that large clew which they spread , expos'd to all windes , and weathers , the poor man sails close by the Shore ; and when he foresees a storm to threaten him , puts into the next Creek ; and wears out in a quiet security that Tempest , wherein he sees prouder Vessels miserably tost , and at last , fatally wrecked . This man is free from the peril of spightful machinations ; No man whets his Axe to cut down a shrub , it is the large Timber of the world that hath cause to fear hewing : Neither is he less free inwardly from the galling stroaks of a self-accusing Conscience ; here is no remurmuring of the heart for guilty subornations , no checks for the secret contrivances of publique villanies ; no heart-breaking for the failings of bloudy designes ; or late remorse for their success ; but quiet & harmless thoughts of seasonable frugality , of honest recreation , with an un interrupted freedom of recourse to Heaven . And if at any time , by either hostile , or casual means , he be bereft of his little , he smiles in the face of a theef ; and is no whit astonished to see his thatch on a flame , as knowing how easie a supply will repair his loss . And when he shall come to his last close , his heart is not so glewed to the world , that he should be loth to part ; his soul is not tyed up in bags , but flies out freely to her everlasting Rest . Oh the secret vertue and happiness of Poverty ! which none but the right disposed mind knows how to value ! It was not for nothing that so many great Saints have embraced it , rather then the rich profers of the world ; That so many great Princes have exchanged their Thrones for quiet Cells ; VVho so cannot be thankful for a little , upon these conditions , I wish he may be punished with abundance . SECT . XIII . Considering how little will suffice Nature . NEither will it a little avail to th' furtherance of our Contentation , to consider how little will suffice Nature , and that all the rest is but matter of Opinion : It is the Apostles charge , Having food and raiment , let us be therewith content : Indeed what use is there of more , then what may nourish us within , and cover us without ? If that be wholsome , and agreeable to our bodily disposition , whether it be fine , or course , Nature passes not ; it is meerly VVill that is guilty of this wanton , and fastidious choice ; It is fit that Civility should make difference of clothings ; and that weaknesse of body , or eminence of Estate should make difference of diets ; Else , why not Russet as vvell as Scarlet ? Beef , as Phesant ? the Grashopper feeds on dew , the Chameleon on air , what care they for other Viands ? Our Books tell us , that those Anachorets of old , that went aside into Wildernesses , and sustained themselves with the most spare diet , such as those deserts could afford , out lived the date of other mens lives , in whom Nature is commonly stifled with a gluttonous variety : How strong , and vigorous above their neighbour Grecians , were the Lacedemonians held of old ? who by the Ordinance of their Law-giver , held themselves to their black broth , which when Dionysius would needs taste of , his Cook truly told him , that if he would relish that fare , he must exercise strongly , as they did , and wash in Eurotus : Who knows not that our Island doth not afford more able Bodies , then they that eat , and drink Oates ? And whom have we seen more healthful and active , then the Children of poor men , trayned up hardly in their Cottages with fare as little , as course ? Do I see a poor Indian husbanding one tree to all his houshold uses ; finding in that one Plant ; Timber , Thatch , Meat , Medicine , Wine , Honey , Oyl , Sauce , Drink , Utensils , Ships , Cables , Sayls ? and do I rove over all the latitude of Nature for contentment ? Our appetite is truely unreasonable , neither will know any bounds : We begin with necessaries , as Pliny justly observes , and from thence we rise to excess , punishing our selves with our own wild desires ; whereas , if we were wise , we might find mediocrity an ease . Either extream is a like deadly ; he that over afflicts his body , kills a Subject ; he that pampers it , nourishes an Enemy . Too much abstinence turns vice , and too much ingurgitation is one of the seven , and at once destroyes both Nature and Grace . The best measure of having or desiring , is not what we would , but what we ought : Neither is he rich that hath much ; but he that desires not much : A discreet frugality is fittest to moderate both our wishes , and expences ; which if we want , we prove dangerously prodigal in both ; if we have , we do happily improve our stock to the advantage of our selves , and others . SECT . XIV . Considering the inconveniences , and miseries of discontentment . THe next inducement to Contentation , shall be the serious consideration of the miserable inconveniences of the contrary disposition ; Discontentment is a mixture of anger , and of grief ; both which are wont to raise up fearful tempests in the Soul ; He teareth himself in his anger , saith Bildad , concerning that mirrour of patience ; And the sorrow of the World worketh death , saith the chosen vessel : so as the Male-content , whether he be angry or sad , mischieves himself both wayes ; There cannot be a truer word then that of wise Solomon , Anger resteth in the bosom of fooles ; What can be more foolish then for a man , because he thinks God hath made him miserable by crosses , to make himself more miserable by his own distempers ; If the clay had sense , what a mad thing were it for it to struggle with the Potter ? and if a man will spurn against strong Iron-pikes , what can he hope to carry away but wounds ? How witless a thing it is for a man to torment himself with the thoughts of those evils , that are past all remedy ? What wise beholder would not have smiled with pitty and scorn , to have seen great Augustus , after the defeat of some choyce troopes , to knock his head against the Wall , and to hear him passionately cry out ; O Varus , restore me my lost Legions ? Who would not have been angry with that cholerick Prophet to hear him so furiously contest with his maker for a withered Gourd ? What an affliction was it to good Jacob ( more then the sterility of a beloved wife ) to hear Rachel say ; Give me Children , or else I dye ? yea , how ill did it sound in the mouth of the Father of the Faithful ; Lord God , what wilt thou give me , seeing I go Childless ? Yet thus froward and techy is nature in the best ; if we may not have all we would have , all that we have is nothing ; if we be not perfectly humored , we are willfully unthankful ; All Israel is nothing worth to Ahab , if he may not have one poor Vineyard : How must this needs irritate a munificent God to see his bounty contemned out of a childish pettishness ? How can he forbear to take away from us his sleighted Mercies ? How can he hold his hand from plaguing so ingrateful disrespects of his Favours ? As for that other passion of grief , what woful work doth it make in ungoverned minds ? How many have we known , that out of thought for unrecoverable losses , have lost themselves ? how many have run from their wits ? how many from their lives ? Yea , how many , that out of an impatience to stay the leasure of vengeance , have made their own hands , their hasty Executioners ? And even where this extremity prevails not , look about , and ye shall see men that are not able matches to their passions , wofully macerating themselves with their own thoughts , wearing out their tedious days upon the rack of their own hearts ; and making good that observation of the wise man ; By the sorrow of the heart , the spirit is broken . Now all these mischiefs might have been hapily prevented by a meek yieldance of our selfs to the hands of an All-Wise , and an All-Merciful God , and by an humble composure of our affections to a quiet suffering ; It is the power of patience to calm the heart in the most blustering trials ; and when the vessel is most tossed , yet to secure the fraight : This , if it do not abate of our burden , yet it addes to our strength , and wins the Father of Mercies both to pitty , and retribution . Whereas murmuring Israelites can never be free from judgments ; and it is a dreadful word that God speaketh of that chosen Nation ; Mine heritage is unto me as a Lion in the forest , it , still , yelleth against me , therefore have I hated it . A Child that struggles under the rod , justly doubles his stripes , and an unruly Malefactor draws on , besides Death , tortures . SECT . XV. Consider the vicissitudes of Favours and Afflictions . FUrthermore , it is a main help towards Contentation , to consider the gracious vicissitudes of Gods dealing with us : How he intermixes Favours with his crosses ; tempering our much hony , with some little gall ; the best of us are but shrewd Children , yet he chides us not always , saith the Psalmist : he smiles often , for one frown ; and why should we not take one with another ? It was the answer wherewith that admirable pattern of patience stopped the querulous mouth of his tempting Wife ; What ? shall we receive good at the hand of God , and shall we not receive evil ? It was a memorable example which came lately to my knowledge of a worthy Christian , who had lived to his middle age in much health , and prosperity , and was now for his two last years miserably afflicted with the Strangury ; who in the midst of his torments could say , Oh my Lord God , how gracious hast thou been unto me ! thou hast given me eight and forty years of health , and now but two years of pain ; thou mightest have caused me to lie in this torture all the days of my life ; and now thou hast caried me comfortably through the rest , and hast Mercifully taken up with this last parcel of my torment ; blessed be thy Name for thy Mercy in forbearing me , and for thy justice in afflicting me . To be thankful for present blessings is but ordinary , but to be so thankful for Mercies past , that the memory of them should be able to put over the sense of present miseries , is an high improvement of Grace . The very Heathens by the light of Nature and their own experience , could observe this interchange of Gods proceedings ; and made some kind of use of them accordingly : Camillus , after he had upon ten years siege , taken the rich City Veios , pray'd that some mishap might befal himself and Rome to temper so great an happiness ; when one would have thought the prize would not countervail the labour , and the loss of time and blood . And Alexander the Great , when report was made to him of many notable Victories , atchieved by his Armies , could say ; O Jupiter , mix some mis-fortune with these happy news : Lo , these men could tell that it is neither fit , nor safe for great blessings to walk alone , but that they must be attended with their Pages , afflictions why should not we Christians expect them with patience , and thanks ? They say , Thunder and Lightning hurts not , if it be mixed with Rain . In those hot Countries , which lie under the scalding Zone . When the first showres fall after a long drought , it is held dangerous to walk suddenly abroad ; for that the earth so moistned sends up unwholsome steams ; but in those parts where the Rain and Sun-shine are usually interchanged , it is most pleasant to take the air of the earth newly refreshed with kindly showres ; Neither is it otherwise in the course of our lives ; this medley of good and evil conduces not a little to the health of our Souls : One of them must serve to temper the other ; and both of them to keep the heart in order . Were our afflictions long , and our comforts rare and short , we had yet reason to be thankful ; the least is more then God owes us : but now , when if heaviness endure for a night , joy commeth in the morning , and dwells with us , so , that some fits of sorrow are recompensed with many months of joy ; how should our hearts overflow with thankfulness , and easily digest small grievances , out of the comfortable sense of larger blessings ? But if we shall cast up our eyes to Heaven , and there behold the glorious remuneration of our sufferings , how shall we contemn the worst that earth can do unto us ? There , there is glory enough to make us a thousand times more then amends for all that we are capable to endure ; Yea , if this Earth were Hell , and Men Devils , they could not inflict upon us those torments , which might hold any equality with the glory which shall be revealed ; and even of the worst of them we must say with the blessed Apostle ; Our light affliction which is but for a moment , worketh for us a far more exceeding , eternal weight of glory : When the blessed Proto-Martyr Stephen had stedfastly fixed his eyes on Heaven , and ( that Curtain being drawn ) had seen the Heavens opened , and therein the glory of God , and Jesus standing on the right hand of God ; do we think he cared ought for the sparkling eyes , and gnashed teeth , and killing stones of the enraged multitude ? Oh poor impotent Jews , how far was that divine Soul above the reach of your malice ? how did he triumph over your cruelty ? how did he by his happy evolation make all those stones precious ? SECT . XVI . Consider the Examples of Contentation , both without , and within the Church of God. LAstly , it cannot but be a powerful motive unto Contentation , that we lay before us the notable Examples of men , whether worse , or better then our selves , that have been eminent in the practice of this vertue ; men , that out of the meer strength of morality , have run away with losses , and Poverty as a light burden ; that out of their free choice have fallen upon those conditions , which we are ready to fear , and shrink from : What a shame is it for Christians to be out-stripped herein by very Pagans ? If we look upon the ancient Philosophers ; their low valuation of these outward things , and their willing abdication of those comforts , wherewith others were too much affected , made them admired of the multitude ; Here do I see a Cynick housed in his Tub , scorning all wealth and state ; and making still even with his Victuals and the day ; who , when he was invited to supper to one of Alexanders great Lords , could say ; I had rather lick salt at Athens , then feast with Craterus : Here I meet with him , whom their Oracle styled the wisest of men , walking barefoot in a patcht thred-bare cloak , contemning honours , and all earthly things ; and when that garment would hang no longer on his back , I can hear him say , I would have bought a Cloak , if I had had money ; after which word , saith Seneca , whosoever offered to give , came too late ; Apollodorus , amongst the rest , sends him a rich mantle towards his end , and is refused ; With what Patience doth this man bear the loud scoldings of his Xantippe ? making no other of them , then the creaking of a Cart-wheel : with what brave resolution doth he repel the proffers of Archelaus , telling him how cheap the Market afforded meal at Athens , and the Fountains Water ? Here I meet with a Zeno , formerly rich in his traffique for purple , now impoverisht by an ill Sea-voyage , and can hear him say , I sailed best when I Ship-wrackt : Here I see an Aristippus drowning his gold in the Sea , that it might not drown him : Here I can hear a Democritus , or Cleanthes , when he was asked how a man should be rich ? Answer , If he be poor in desires . What should I speak of those Indian Sophists , that took their name from their nakedness ; whom we hear to say , The Sky is our House , and the Earth our Bed : we care not for Gold , we contemn Death : One of them can tell Onesicritus : As the Mother is to the Child , so is the Earth to me : The Mother gives Milk to her Infant , so doth the Earth yield all necessaries to me : And when gold was offered to him , by that great Conquerour ; Perswade ( said he ) if thou canst these birds to take thy silver and gold , that they may sing the sweeter ; and if thou canst not do that , wouldst thou have me worse then them ? Adding moreover in a strong discourse ; Natural hunger , when we have taken food , ceaseth ; and if the mind of man did also naturally desire gold , so soon as he hath received that which he wished , the desire and appetite of it would presently cease ; but so far is it from this satiety , that the more it hath , the more it doth , without any intermission , long for more ; because this desire proceeds not from any motion of Nature , but only out of the wantonness of mans own will , to which no bounds can be set . Blush , O Christian Soul , ( whosoever thou art , that readest these lines ) to hear such words falling from Heathen lips , when thou seest those that profess godliness , doat upon these worthless metals , and transported with the affectation and cares of these earthly provisions . If from these patterns of men that should be below our selves , we look up to the more noble precedents of Prophets and Apostles ; Lo , there we find Elijah fed by Ravens ; Elisha boarding with his poor Sareptan Hostess ; And an hundred Prophets fed by fifty in a Cave , with bread and water ; The Sons of the Prophets for the enlarging of their over-strait lodgings , hard at work ; they are their own Carpenters , but their tools are borrowed ; There we shall find a few barly loaves , and little fishes , the houshold provision of our Saviours train : Yea , there we find the most glorious Apostle , the great Doctor of the Gentiles , employing his hands to feed his belly ; Busily stitching of skins for his Tent-work : Yea , what do we look at any or all of these , when we see the Son of God , the God of all the World , in the form of a Servant ? Not a Cratch to cradle him in , not a Grave to bury him in , was his own ; and he that could command Heaven and Earth , can say , The Foxes have holes , the Birds have nests , but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head . Who now can complain of want , when he hears his Lord and Saviour but thus Provided for ? He could have brought down with him a Celestial House , and have pitcht it here below , too glorious for earthen eyes to have lookt upon : He could have commanded all the precious things that lie shrouded in the bowels of the Earth , to have made up a Majestical Palace for him , to the dazling of the eyes of all beholders : He could have taken up the stateliest Court that any Earthly Monarch possessed , for his peculiar habitation : But his greatness was Spiritual and Heavenly : And he that owned all would have nothing , that he might Sanctifie want unto us ; and that he might teach us by his blessed example , to sit down contented with any thing , with nothing . By that time therefore we have laid all these things together , and have seriously considered of the mean valuation of all these earthly things , for their transitoriness , Unsatisfaction , Danger ; of the over-ruling Providence of the Almighty , who most wisely , justly , Mercifully disposeth of us and all events that befall us ; of the worse condition of many thousand others ; of the great inconveniences that attend great and full estates ; of the secret benefits of Poverty ; of the smalness of that pittance that may suffice Nature ; of the miseries that wait upon discontentment ; of the Merciful vicissitudes of Favours , wherewith God pleaseth to interchange our sufferings ; and lastly , the great examples of those , as well without ▪ as within the bosom of the Church , that have gone before us , and led us the way to Contentation : our judgment cannot chuse but be sufficiently convinced , that there is abundant reason to win our hearts to a quiet and contented entertainment of want , and all other outward afflictions . SECT . XVII . Of Contentment in Death it self . BUt all these intervenient miseries are slight in comparison of the last , and utmost of Evils , Death ; Many a one grapples chearfully with these trivial afflictions , who yet looks Pale , and trembles at the King of Fear : His very Name hath Terrour in it , but his looks more : The courageous Champion of Christ , the blessed Apostle : And with him , every Faithful Soul , makes his challenge universal , to whatsoever Estate he is in ; to the Estate of Death , therefore no less then the afflictive incidence of Life : When therefore this gastly Giant shall stalk forth , and bid defiance to the whole Host of Israel ; and when the timorous unbeleevers shall run away at the fight of him , & endevour to hide their Heads from his presence ; the good Soul armed , not with the unmeet and cumbersome Harness of Flesh and Blood , but with the sure ( though invisible ) armour of God , dares comes forth to meet him , and in the name of the Lord of Hosts , both bids him battle , and foils him in the Combat ; and now having laid him on the ground , can Triumphingly say , O Death , where is thy sting ? O Grave , where is thy Victory ? Five smooth pebles there are , which if we cary in our scrip , wee shall be able to quel , not only the power of Death , but the terrour too . Whereof the first is a sure apprehension of both the unavoidable necessity , and certain benefit of death : A necessity , grounded upon the just and eternal Decree of Heaven : It is appointed to all men once to die ; and what a madness were it , for a Man to think of an exemption from the common condition of mankind ? Mortality is , as it were , essential to our Nature ; neither could we have had our Souls but upon the terms of a re-delivery , when they shall be called for ; If the Holiest Saints , or the greatest Monarchs sped otherwise , we might have some colour of repining : Now , grieve if thou wilt , that thou art a Man ; grieve not , that being Man , thou must die . Neither is the benefit inferiour to the necessity ; Lo here the remedy of all our cares , the Physick for all our maladies , the rescue from all our fears and dangers , earnestly sued for by the painful , dearly welcome to the distressed : Yea , lo here the Cherub that keeps the Gate of Paradise ; there is no entrance , but under his hand : In vain do we hope to pass to the Glory of Heaven , any other way then through the Gates of Death , The second is the Conscience of a well-led Life ; Guiltinefs will make any Man cowardly , unable to look danger in the face , much more Death ; whereas the innocent is bold as a Lion : What a difference therefore there is betwixt a Martyr , and a Malefactor ; this latter knows he hath done ill , and therefore if he can take his Death but patiently , it is well ; the former knows he hath done well , and therfore takes his Death not patiently onely , but chearfully . But because no mortal Man can have so innocently led his Life , but that he shall have passed many offences against his most Holy and Righteous God ; here must be , Thirdly , a final Peace firmly made betwixt God and the Soul. Two Powerful Agents must mediate in it ; a Lively Faith , and a serious Repentance ; for those Sins can never appear against us , that are washed off with our tears ; and being justified by Faith , we have Peace with God , through our Lord Jesus Christ . Now , if we have made the Judge our Friend , what can the Sergeant do ? The fourth is the Power , and efficacy of Christs Death applyed to the Soul : Wherefore dyed he , but that we might Live ? Wherefore would he , who is the Lord of Life , die , but to sanctifie , season , and sweeten death to us ? Who would go any other way then his Saviour went before him ? Who can fear that enemy , whom his Redeemer hath Conquered for him ? Who can run away from that Serpent , whose sting is pulled out ? Oh Death ! my Saviour hath been thy Death , and therefore thou canst not be mine . The fifth , is the comfortable expectation , and assurance of a certain resurrection , and an immediate Glory : I do but lay me down to my rest , I shall sleep quietly , and rise gloriously : My Soul , in the mean time , no sooner leaves my body , then it enjoys God ; It did lately through my bodily Eyes see my sad Friends , that bad me farewel with their Tears ; now it hath the blisse-making Vision of God : I am no sooner lanched forth , then I am at the Haven , where I would be ; Here is that which were able to make amends for a thousand Deaths ; a Glory , Infinite , Eternal , Incomprehensible . This Spiritual Ammunition shall sufficiently furnish the Soul for her encounter with her last Enemy ; so as she shall not only endure , but long for this Combat ; and say with the chosen Vessel , I desire to depart , & to be with Christ . SECT . XVIII . The miseries and inconveniences of the continued conjunction of the Soul & Body . NOw for that long conversation causeth entireness , and the parting of Old Friends and Partners ( such the Soul and Body are ) cannot but be grievous , although there were no actual pain in the dissolution : It will be requisite for us , seriously to consider the state of this conjunction ; & to enquire what good offices the one of them doth to the other , in their continued union ; for which they should be so loth to part : And here we shall find that those two , however united to make up one Person , yet ( as it fals out in Cross matches ) they are in continual domestique jars one with the other , and entertain a secret familiar kind of Hostility betwixt themselves ; For the Flesh lusteth against the Spirit , and the Spirit against the Flesh , and these are contrary the one to the other . One says well , that if the Body should implead the Soul , it might bring many foul impeachments against it ; and sue it for many great injuries done to that Earthly part : And the Soul again hath no fewer quarrels against the Body : Betwixt them both there are many brawles , no Agreement . Our Schools have reckoned up therefore eight main incommodities , which the Soul hath cause to complain of in her conjunction with the Body : whereof the first is the defilement of Original Sin , wherewith the Soul is not tainted as it proceeds , alone , from the pure hands of its Creator , but as it makes up a part of a Son of Adam , who brought this guilt upon Humane nature ; so as now this composition , which we call Man , is corrupt : Who can bring a clean thing out of that which is unclean ? Saith Job . The second is a proneness to Sin , which , but by the meeting of these partners had never been ; the Soul , if single , would have been innocent ; thus matched , what Evil is it not apt to entertain ? An ill consort is enough to poyson the best disposition . The difficulty of doing well is the third ; for how averse are we by this conjunction from any thing that is good ; This clog hinders us from walking roundly in the ways of God : The good that I would do , I do not , saith the chosen Vessel . The fourth is the dulness of our understanding , and the dimness of our mental Eyes , especially in the things pertaining unto God ; which now we are forced to behold through the vail of Flesh : If therefore we mis-know , the fault is in the mean , through which we do imperfectly discover them . The fifth is a perpetual impugnation , and self-conflict , either part labouring to oppose and vanquish the other . This field is fought in every mans bosom , without any possibility of peace , or truce , till the last moment of dissolution . The sixth is the racking solicitude of cares , which continually distract the Soul , not Suffering it to rest at ease , whiles it carries this Flesh about it . The seventh is the multiplicity of passions which daily bluster within us , and raise up continual Tempests in our Lives , disquieting our Peace , and threatning our Ruine . The eight is the retardation of our Glory ; for Flesh , and Blood cannot inherit the Kingdom of God ; we must lay down our load if we would enter into Heaven : The seed cannot fructifie unless it Die. I cannot blame Nature if it could wish not to be unclothed , but to be clothed upon : But so hath the Eternal Wisdom Ordered , that we should first lay down , ere we can take up ; and be devested of Earth , ere we can partake of Heaven . Now then , sith so many & great discommodities do so unavoidably accompany this match of Soul & Body , and all of them cease instantly in the act of their dissolution ; what reason have we to be too deeply affected with their parting ? Yea , how should we rather rejoyce that the Hour is come , wherein we shall be quit both of the Guilt , and Temptations of Sin ; wherein the clogg shall be taken away from our heels , and the vail from our Eyes ; wherein no intestine Wars shall threaten us , no cares shall disquiet us , no passions shall torment us ; and lastly , wherein we may take the free possession of that Glory , which we have hitherto lookt at only a far off from the top of our Pisgah ? SECT . XIX . Holy dispositions for Contentment : And first , Humility . HItherto , we have dwelt in those Powerful considerations which may work us to a quiet Contentment with whatsoever adverse estate , whether of Life or Death ; after which , we address our selves to those meet dispositions , which shall render us fully capable of this blessed Contentation ; and shall make all these considerations effectual to that happy purpose . Whereof the first is true Humility , under-valuing our selves , and setting an high rate upon every Mercy that we receive ; For , if a Man have attained unto this , that he thinks every thing too good for him , and himself less then the least Blessing , and worthy of the heaviest judgment ; he can not but sit down thankful for small Favours , & meekly content with mean afflictions : As contrarily , the proud Man stands upon points with his Maker , makes God his debter ; looks disdainfully at small Blessings ; as if he said , What , no more ? and looks angerly at the least crosses ; as if he said , Why thus much ? The Father of the Faithful hath practically taught us this Lesson of humility , who comes to God with dust and ashes in his mouth : And the Jewish Doctors tell us truly , that in every Disciple of Abraham , there must be three things : a good eye , a meek spirit , and an humble soule ; His Grandchild Jacob , the Father of every true Israelite , had well taken it out ; whiles he can say to his God , I am not worthy of the least of all the mercies , and of all the truth which thou hast shewed unto thy servant : And indeed , in whomsoeever it be , the best measure of Grace is Humility ; for the more Grace still , the greater Humility ; and no Humility , no Grace : Solomon observed of old ; and Saint James took it from him . That God resisteth the proud , and giveth Grace to the Humble ; so as he that is not humble , is not so much as capable of Grace ; and he that is truly Humble , is a fit subject for all Graces , and amongst the rest , for the Grace of Contentation : Give me a man therefore , that is vile in his own Eyes , that is sensible of his own wretchedness , that knows what it is to Sin , and what belongs to that Sin whereof he is guilty ; this Man shall think it a Mercy that he is any where out of Hell ; shall account all the evils that he is free from , so many new Favours ; shall reckon easie corrections amongst his blessings , & shall esteem any blessing infinitely obliging . Whereas contrarily , the proud beggar is ready to throw Gods almes at his Head , and swels at every lash , that he receives from the Divine Hand . Not without great cause therefore doth the Royal Preacher oppose the patient in Spirit , to the proud in Spirit ; for the proud Man can no more be patient , then the patient can be discontent with whatsoever hand of his God. Every toy puts the proud Man beside his Patience ; If but a flie be found in Pharaohs cup , he is straight in rage , ( as the Jewish tradition lays the quarrel ) and sends his Butler into durance : And if the Emperour do but mistake the Stirrup of our Countrey-Man Pope Adrian , he shall dance attendance for his Crown : If a Mardochee do but fail of a courtesie to Haman , all Jews must bleed to Death ; And how unquiet are our vain Dames , if this curle be not set right , or that Pin be mis-placed ? But the meek Spirit is incurious ; and so throughly subacted , that he takes his load from God ( as the Camel from his Master ) upon his knees : And for Men , if they compell him to goe one mile , he goes twain ; if they smite him on the right cheek , he turns the other , if they sue away his Coat , he parts with his Cloake also ▪ Heraclius the Emperour , when he was about to passe through the golden gate , & to ride in Royal State through the streets of Jerusalem , being put in mind by Zacharias the Bishop there , of the humble and dejected fashion wherein his Saviour walked through those streets , towards his passion , strips off his rich robes , lays aside his Crown , and with bare head , and bare feet , submissly paces the same way that his Redeemer had carried his Cross towards his Golgotha . Every true Christian is ready to tread in the deep steps of his Saviour , as well knowing that if he should descend to the Gates of Death , of the Grave , of Hell , he cannot be so humbled , as the Son of God was for him : And indeed , this , and this alone , is the true way to Glory ; He that is Truth it self , hath told us , that he who humbles himself shall be exalted ; And wise Solomon , Before Honour is Humility . The Fuller treads upon that cloth which he means to whiten : And he that would see the Stars by day , must not climbe up into some high Mountain , but must descend to the lower Cells of the earth . Shortly , whosoever would raise up a firm building of Contentation , must be sure to lay the foundation in Humility . SECT . XX. Of a Faithful Self-resignation . SEcondly , to make up a true Contentment with the most adverse estate , there is required a Faithfull Self-resignation into the hands of that God , whose we are ; who , as he hath more right in us , then our selves , so he best knows what to do with us : How graciously hath his mercy invited us to our own ease ? Be careful ( saith he ) for nothing ; but in every thing by prayer and supplication , with thanksgiving , let your requests be made known unto God : we are naturally apt in our necessities to have recourse to greater powers then our own ; even where we have no engagement of their help ; how much more should we cast our selves upon the Almighty , when he not only allows , but solicits our reliance upon him ? It was a question that might have befitted the mouth of the best Christian , which fell from Socrates , Since God himself is careful for thee , why art thou solicitous for thy self ? If evils were let loose upon us , so as it were possible for us to suffer any thing that God were not aware of , we might have just cause to sink under adversities ; but now , that we know every dram of our affliction is weighed out to us , by that all-wise , and all-merciful Providence ; Oh our infidelity , if we doe make scruple of taking in the most bitter dose ! Here then is the right use of that main duty of Christianity , to live by faith : Brute creatures live by sense , meer men by reason , Christians by faith . Now faith is the substance of things hoped for ; the evidence of things not seen ; In our extremities we hope for Gods gracious deliverance , faith gives a subsistence to that deliverance , before it be : The mercies that God hath reserved for us , do not yet show themselves ; faith is the evidence of them , though yet unseen : It was the Motto of the learned and godly Divine Mr. Perkins , Fidei vita vera vita ; The true life , is the life of faith ; a word which that worthy servant of God did both write and live ; neither indeed is any other life truly vital , but this ; for hereby we enjoy God in all whatever occurrences : Are we abridged of means ? we seed upon the cordial Promises of our God : Do we sigh and groan under varieties of grievous persecutions ? out of the worst of them we can pick out comforts ; whiles we can hear our Saviour say , Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness sake ; for theirs is the Kingdome of Heaven ; Are we deserted , and abandoned of friends ? we see him by us , who hath said , I will never leave thee , nor forsake thee : Do we droop under spiritual desertions ? we hear the God of truth say , For a small moment have I forsaken thee , but with great mercy will I gather thee ; In a little wrath I hid my face from thee , but with everlasting kindness will I have mercy on thee , saith the Lord , thy Redeemer : Are we driven from home ? If we take the wings of the morning , and remain in the uttermost parts of the Sea ; even there also shall thine hand lead us , and thy right hand shall hold us : Are we dungeoned up from the sight of the Sun ? Peradventure the darkness shall cover us ; but then shall our night be turned into day ; yea , the darkness is no darkness with thee : Are we cast down upon the bed of sickness ? He that is our God , is the God of salvation ; and unto God the Lord belong the issues from death . It cannot be spoken how injurious those men are to themselves , that will be managing their own cares , and plotting the prevention of their fears ; and projecting their own , both indemnity , and advantages ; for , as they lay an unnecessary load upon their own shoulders , so they draw upon themselves the miseries of an unremediable disappointment ; Alas , how can their weakness make good those events which they vainly promise to themselves , or avert those judgments they would escape , or uphold them in those evils they must undergoe ? Whereas if we put all this upon a gracious God , he contrives it with ease ; looking for nothing from us , but our trust , and thankfulness . SECT . XXI . Of True inward Riches . IN the third place , it will be most requisit to furnish the soul with true inward riches ; I mean not of meer moral vertues , ( which yet are truly precious when they are found in a good heart ) but of a wealth as much above them , as gold is above dross ; Yea , as the thing which is most precious , is above nothing : And this shall be done , if we bring Christ home to the soul ; if we can possess our selves of him , who is God al-sufficient ; For such infinite contentment there is in the Son of God made ours , that whosoever hath tasted of the sweetness of this comfort is indiffererent to all earthly things ; and insensible of those extream differences of events , wherewith others are perplexed ; How can he be dejected with the want of any thing , who is possessed of him that possesseth all things ? How can he be over-affected with trivial profits , or pleasures , who is taken up with the God of all comfort ? Is Christ mine therefore ? How can I fail of all contentment ? How can he complain to want light , that dwels in the midst of the Sun ? How can he complain of thirst , out of whose belly flow rivers of living water ? What can I wish , that my Christ is not to me ? Would I have meat and drink ? My flesh is meat indeed ; and my blood is drink indeed : Would I have cloathing ? But , put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ , saith the Apostle : Would I have medicine ? He is the Tree of life , the leaves whereof are for the healing of the Nations : Would I have safety , and protection ? He truly is my strength , and my salvation ; he is my defence , so as I shall not fall ; in God is my health and my glory ; the Rock of my might , and in God is my trust : Would I have direction ? I am the way , and the truth : Would I have life ? Christ is to me to live ; I am the Resurrection and the Life : Would I have all spiritual good things ? We are in Christ Jesus , who of God is made unto us Wisdome , and Righteousness , and Sanctification , and Redemption . Oh the happy condition of the man that is in Christ , and hath Christ in him ! Shall I account him rich , that hath store of Oxen , and Sheep , and Horses , and Camels ; that hath heaps of metals , and some spots of ground ? and shall I not account him infinitely more rich , that owns and enjoyes him whose the earth is , and the fulnesse of it ; whose Heaven is , and the glory of it ? Shall I justly account that man great , whom the King will honor , and place near to himself ; and shall I not esteem that man more honourable , whom the King of Heaven is pleased to admit unto such Partnership of glory , as to profess ; To him that overcommeth will I grant to sit with me in my Throne , even as I also overcame , and am set down with my Father in his Throne ? It is a true word of Saint Augustine , that every soul is either Christs Spouse , or the Devils Harlot : Now if we be matched to Christ , the Lord of glory ; what a blessed union is here ? What can he withhold from us , that hath given us himself ? I could envy the devotion of that man ( though otherwise mis-placed ) whom S. Bernard heard to spend the night in no other words then , Deus meus & omnia ; My God , and all things ; Certainly , he who hath that God , hath more then all things ; he that wants him ( whatever else he seems to possess ) hath less then nothing . SECT . XXII . Holy resolutions : 1. That our present estate is best for us ▪ AFter these serious considerations , and meet dispositions , shall in the last follow certain firm resolutions for the full actuating our contentment : And first , we must resolve ( out of the infallible grounds of divine Providence , formerly spoken of ) that the present estate wherein weare , is certainly the best for us ; and therefore we must herein absolutely captivate our understanding , and will , to that of the highest : How unmeet Judges are flesh and blood of the best fitness of a condition for us ? As some palates ( which are none of the wholsomest ) like nothing but sweet meats , so our nature would be fed up with the only delicacies of pleasures ; and prosperity ; according to the false principle of Arristippus , that he only is Happy , which is delighted ; but the All-wise God knows another diet more fit for our Health , and therefore graciously tempers our dishes with the tart sauces of affliction : The Mother of the two Sons of Zebedee , and her ambitious Children , are all for the chief Peerage in the Temporal Kingdom of Christ ; but he calls them to a bitter Cup , and a bloody Baptism rather ; and this was a far greater Honour then that they sued for : There is no Earthly Estate absolutely good for all Persons ; like as no gale can serve for all Passengers . In Africk , they say , the North wind brings Clouds , and the South wind clears up : That plant which was starved in one Soil , in another prospers ; Yea , that which in some climate is poyson , proves wholsome in another : Some one Man if he had anothers blessings , would run wild ; and if he had some other Mans Crosses , would be desperate ; The infinite wisdom of the great Governour of the World allots every one his due proportion ; The fitches are not threshed with a threshing instrument ; neither is a Cart-wheel turned about upon the Cummin ; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff , and the Cummin with a rod , saith Esay . And no otherwise in matter of prosperity ; Josephs Coat may be party-coloured , and Benjamins mess may be five times so much as any of his Brethren . It is marvel if they who did so much envy Joseph for his dream of Superiority , did not also envy Benjamin for so large a service , and so Rich gifts at his parting ; this it seems gave occasion for the good Patriarchs fear , when he charged them , See that you fall not out by the way ; But there had been no reason for so impotent an envy ; whiles the gift is free , and each speeds above his desert , who can have cause to repine ? It is enough that Joseph knew a just reason of so unequal a distribution , though it were hidden from themselves . The Elder Brother may grudge the fat Calf , and the prime Robe to the returned Unthrift , but the Father knows reason to make that difference . God is Infinitely just , and Infinitely Merciful in dispensing both his Favours and Punishment . In both kinds every Man hath that which is fittest for him , because it is that which Gods will hath designed to him ; and that will is the most absolute rule of justice : Now if we can so frame our will to his , as to think so too , how can we be other then Contented ? Do we Suffer ? There is more intended to us then our smart : It was a good speech of Seneca , though a Heathen , ( what pity it is that he was so ? ) I give thanks to my infirmity , which forces me not to be able to do that , which I ought not will to do ; If we lose without , so as we gain within ; if in the perishing of the outward Man , the inward Man be renued , we have no cause to complain , much to rejoyce : Do I Live in a mean Estate ? If it were better , I should be worse ; more proud , more careless ; and what a woful improvement were this ? What a strange Creature would Man be , if he were what he would wish himself ? Surely , he would be wickedly pleasant , carelesly Prophane , vainly proud , proudly oppressive , dissolutely wanton , impetuously self-willed ; and shortly , his own Idol , and his own Idolater ; His Maker knows how to frame him better ; it is our ignorance and unthankfulness , if we submit not to his good pleasure : To conclude , we Pray every day , Thy will be done ; What Hypocrites are we , if we Pray one thing , and Act another ? If we murmur at what we wish ? All is well between Heaven and us , if we can think our selves Happy to be what God will have us . SECT . XXIII . Two Resolutions to abate of our desires . SEcondly , we must resolve to abate of our desires ; for it is the illimitedness of our ambitious , and covetous thoughts , that is guilty of our unquietness ; Every Man would be , and have more then he is ; and is therefore Sick of what he is not . It was a True word of Democritus , If we desire not much , we shall think a little much : And it is sutable to one of the rules of S. Augustine ; It is better to need less , then to have more : Paul , the richest Poor man , ( as Ambrose well ) could say , As having all things , yet possessing nothing : It is not for a Christian to be of the Dragons temper , which they say is so ever thirsty , that no water will quench his drought ; and therefore never hath his mouth shut ; nor , with the daughters of the Horse-leach to cry always , Give , Give ; He must confine his desires ; and that , to no over large compass ; and must say to them , as God doth to the Sea , Hitherto shalt thou come , and no further ; and here shall thy proud Waves be stayed . What a cumber it is for a Man to have too much ? to be in the case of Surena the Parthian Lord ▪ that could never remove his Family with less then a thousand Camels ? What is this , but Tortoise-like , to be clogg'd with a weighty shel , which we cannot drag after us , but with pain ? Or like the Ostrich , to be so held down with an heavy body , that we can have no use of our Wings ? Whereas the nimble Lark rises , & mounts with ease , and Sings chearfully in her flight . How many have we known , that have found too much flesh a burden ? And when they have found their Blood too rank , have been glad to pay for the letting it out ? It was the word of that old and famous Lord Keeper Bacon , the eminent Head of a noble , and witty family , Mediocria firma : There is neither safety , nor true pleasure in excess : It was a wise and just answer of Zenò the Philosopher , who reproving the superfluity of a Feast , and hearing by way of defence that the Maker of it was a great Rich Man , and might well spare it , said ; If thy Cook shall over-salt thy broth , and when he is chid for it , shall say , I have store enough of Salt lying by me , wouldst thou take this for a fair answer ? My Son , eat thou honey , saith Solomon ; because it is good : But , to be sure , for the preventing all immoderation , he adds soon after ; Hast thou found Hony ? Eat so much as is sufficient for thee , lest thou be filled therewith : If our appetite cary us too far , we may easily surfet ; this ( which is the emblem of Pleasure ) must be tasted ( as Dionysius the Sophist said of old ) on the tip of the Finger ; not be sup't up in the hollow of the hand ; It is with our desires , as it is with weak Stomachs , the quantity offends , even where the Food is not unwholsome ; and if heed be not taken , one bit draws on another , till Nature be overlaid ; Both Pleasures and profits ( if way be given to them ) have too much power to debauch the mind , and to work it to a kind of insatiableness ; there is a thirst that is caused with drunkenness ; and the wanton appetite , like as they said of Messalina , may be wearied , but cannot be satisfied ; It is good therefore to give austere repulses to the first overtures of inordinate desires , and to give strong denials to the first unruly motions of our Hearts ; For , S. Chrysostome well ; Pleasure is like a Dog , which being coyed , and stroaked , follows us at the Heels , but if rated , and beaten off , is driven away from us with ease . It is for the Christian Heart to be taken up with other desires such as wherein there can be no danger of immoderateness : These are the Holy longings after grace and goodness ; This only Covetousness , this ambition is pleasing to God , and Infinitely beneficial to the Soul. Blessed are they which Hunger and Thirst after Righteousness , for they shall be filled : Spiritual Blessings are the true Riches , whereof we can never have enough . S. Ambrose said truly , No Man is indeed wealthy , that cannot carry away what he hath with him : What is left behind , is not ours , but other Mens ; Contemn thou whiles thou art alive , that which thou canst not enjoy when thou art Dead . As for this Earthly trash , and the vain delights of the flesh , which we have so fondly doted on ; we cannot carry them indeed away with us , but the sting of the guilty mis-enjoying of them will be sure to stick by us ; and , to our sorrow , attend us both in Death and Judgment : In summ therefore , if we would be truly Contented , & Happy , our Hearts can never be enough enlarged in our desires of Spiritual and Heavenly things , never too much contracted in our desires of Earthly . SECT . XXIV . 3. A Resolution to inure our selves to digest smaller discontentments . OUr Third Resolution must be to inure our selves to digest smaller Discontentments ; and by the exercise thereof , to enable our selves for greater : As those that drink Medicinal Waters , begin First with smaller quantities , & by degrees arise , at last , to the highest of their prescribed measure ; or as the wise Lacedemonians , by early scourgings of their Boys , inured them in their riper Years to more painful Sufferings : A strong Milo takes up his Calf at first , and by continual practice is now able to cary it when it is grown a Bull. Such is our self-love , that we affect ever to be served of the best ; and that we are apt to take great exceptions at small failings : We would walk always in smooth and even Paths , and would have no hinderances in our passage ; but , there is no remedy , we must meet with rubs ; and perhaps cross shinnes , and take falls too in our way : Every one is willing and desirous to enjoy ( as they say the City of Rhodes doth ) a perpetual Sun-shine ; but we cannot ( if we be Wise ) but know , that we must meet with change of weather ; with rainy days , & sometimes storms and tempests ; it must be our wisdom to make Provision accordingly : And some whiles to abide a wetting ; that , if need be , we may endure a drenching also . It was the policy of Jacob , when he was to meet with his Brother Esau ( whom he feared an Enemy , but found a Friend ) to send the droves first , then his Hand-maids , and their Children ; then Leah , with her Children , and at last , came Joseph and Rachel ; as one that would adventure the less dear in the first place , and ( if it must be ) to prepare himself for his dearest loss . S. Pauls companions in his perilous Sea-voyage , first lighten the Ship of less necessaries , then they cast out the tackling , then the Wheat ; and in the last place , themselves . It is the use that wise Socrates made of the sharp Tongues of his cross and unquiet Wives , to prepare his patience for publique Sufferings . Surely , he that cannot endure a frown , will hardly take a blow ; and he that doubles under a light Cross , will sink under a heavier ; and contrarily , that good Martyr prepares his whole Body for the Faggot , with burning his Hand in the Candle . I remember Seneca , in one of his Epistles , rejoyces much to tell with what patient temper he took it , that comming inexpectedly to his Countrey-House , he found all things so discomposed , that no provision was ready for him ; finding more contentment in his own quiet apprehension of these wants , then trouble in that unreadiness : And thus , should we be affected upon all occasions ; Those that promised me help , have disappointed me : That Friend , on whom I relyed , hath failed my trust : The summ that I expected , comes not in at the day : My Servant slackens the business injoyned him : The Beast that I esteemed highly , is lost : The Vessel in which I shipped some commodities , is wrackt : My diet and attendance must be abated ; I must be dislodged of my former habitation ; how do I put over these occurrences ? If I can make light work of these lesser Crosses , I am in a good posture to entertain greater . To this purpose , it will be not a little expedient , to thwart our appetite in those things wherein we placed much delight ; and to torture our curiosity in the delay of those Contentments , which we too eagerly affected : It was a noble and exemplary Government of these passions , which we find in King David , who being extreamly thirsty , and longing for a speedy refreshment , could say ; Oh that one would give me drink of the water of the Well of Bethlehem ! but when he saw that Water purchased with the hazard of the lives of three of his Worthies , when it was brought to him , he would not drink it , but poured it out unto the Lord. Have I a mind to some one curious dish above the rest ? I will put my knife to my Throat , and not humour my Palate so far as to taste of it : Do I receive a Letter of News from a farr Countrey , over-night ? It shall keep my pillow warm till the morning : Do my importunate recreations call me away ? They shall , against the hair , be forcibly adjourned till a further leisure : Out of this ground it was , that the ancient Votaries observed such austerity , and rigor in their Diet , Clothes , Lodging ; as those that knew how requisite it is that Nature should be held short of her demands ; & continually exercised with denials ▪ lest shee grow too wanton , and impetuous in her desires : That which was of old given as a rule to Monastick Persons , is fit to be extended to all Christians ; They may not have a Will of their own , but must frame themselves to such a condition , and cariage , as seems best to their Superiour ; If therefore it please my God to send me some little Comfort , I shall take that as an earnest of more ; and if he exercise me with lesser Crosses , I shall take them as preparatives to greater ; and endeavour to be thankful for the one , and patient in the other ; and contented with Gods hand in both . SECT . XXV . 4. A Resolution to be frequent and fervent in Prayer . OUr last Resolution must be , to be frequent and fervent in our Prayers to the Father of all Mercies , that he will be pleased to Work our Hearts by the Power of his Spirit , to this constant state of Contentation ; without which we can neither consider the things that belong to our inward Peace , nor dispose our selves towards it , nor resolve ought for the effecting it ; without which , all our Considerations , all our Dispositions , all our Resolutions , are vain and fruitless . Justly therefore doth the blessed Apostle , after his charge of avoiding all Carefulness for these earthly things , enforce the necessity of our Prayers and Supplications , and making our requests known unto God ; who both knows our need , and puts these requests into our Mouths : When we have all done , they are the requests of our Hearts , that must free them from cares , and frame them to a perfect Contentment : There may be a kind of dull and stupid neglect , which possessing the Soul may make it insensible of Evil Events , in some natural dispositions ; but a true temper of a quiet and peaceable estate of the Soul upon good grounds can never be attained without the inoperation of that Holy Spirit , from whom every good gift , and every perfect giving proceedeth : It is here contrary to these Earthly Occasions : With Men , he that is ever craving , is never contented ; but with God , he cannot want Contentment that prays always . If we be not unacquainted with our selves , we are so conscious of our own weakness , that we know every puff of Temptation is able to blow us over ; they are only our Prayers that must stay us from being carried away with the violent assaults of Discontentment ; under which , a Praying Soul can no more miscarry , then an Indevout Soul can enjoy safety . SECT . XXVI . The difficulty of knowing how to abound ; and the ill consequences of not knowing it . LEt this be enough for the Remedy of those distempers which arise from an adverse Condition ; As for Prosperity , every man thinks himself wise and able enough to know how to govern it , and himself in it ; an happy estate ( we imagine ) will easily manage it self without too much care ; Give me but Sea-Room , faith the confident Mariner , and let me alone , what ever tempest arise : Surely , the great Doctor of the Gentiles had never made this holy boast of his divine skill , [ I know how to abound ] if it had been so easie a matter as the World conceives it : Meer Ignorance , and want of Self-experience , is Guilty of this Errour . Many a one abounds in Wealth and Honour , who a no less in miseries and vexation : Many a one is caried away with an unruly greatness , to the destruction of Body , Soul , Estate ; The World abounds every where with Men that do abound , and yet do not know how to abound : And those especially in three ranks ; The Proud , the Covetous , the Prodigal ; The Proud is thereby transported to forget God ; the Covetous , his Neighbour ; the Prodigal , Himself . Both Wealth and Honour are of a swelling Nature ; raising a Man up not above others , but above himself ; equalling him to the Powers Immortal ; yea , exalting him above all that is called God ; Oh that vile dust and ashes should be raised to that height of Insolence as to hold contestation with its Maker ! Who is the Lord ? Saith the King of Egypt : I shall be like to the Highest ; I am , and there is none besides me , saith the King of Babylon ; The Voice of God , and not of Man , goes down with Herod : And how will that Spirit trample upon Men , that dare vie with the Almighty ? Hence are all the heavy oppressions , Bloody Tyrannies , imperious domineerings , scornful insultations , merciless outrages , that are so rife amongst Men , even from hence , that they know not how to abound . The Covetous Man abounds with bags , and no less with sorrows ; verifying the experience of Wise Solomon ; There is a fore evil which I have seen under the Sun , Riches kept for the owners thereof , to their hurt ; what he hath got with unjustice , he keeps with care , leaves with grief , and reckons for with torment ; I cannot better compare these Money-mongers then to Bees ; they are busie gatherers , but it is for themselves ; their Masters can have no part of their Honey till it be taken from them ; and they have a sting ready for every one that approaches their Hive ; and their lot at the last is burning . What maceration is there here with feares and jealousies ▪ what cruel extortion and oppression exercised upon other ? And all from no other ground then this , that they know not how to abound ? The Prodigal feasts and sports like an Athenian , spends like an Emperour ; and is ready to say as Heliogabalus did of Old , Those Cates are best , that cost dearest ; caring more for an empty reputation of a short gallantry , then for the comfortable subsistence of himself , his Family , his Posterity : Like Cleopes the Vain Egyptian King , which was fain to prostitute his Daughter for the finishing of his Pyramid : This Man lavisheth out not his own meanes alone , but his poor neighbours ; running upon the score with all Trades that concern back or belly ; undoing more with his debts , then he can pleasure with his entertainments ; none of all which should be done , if he knew how to abound . Great skill therefore is required to the Governing of a plentiful and prosperous Estate , so as it may be safe and comfortable to the owner , and beneficial unto others ; Every Corporal may know how to Order some few Files , but to marshal many Troops in a Regiment , many Regiments in a whole Body of an Army , quires the skill of an experienced General . But the rules and limits of Christian moderation , in the use of our Honours , Pleasures , Profits , I have at large laid forth in a former Discourse ; thither I must crave leave to send the benevolent Reader ; beseeching God to bless unto him these and all other Labours , to the Happy furtherance of his Grace and Salvation . Amen . * ⁎ * FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A45310-e930 Phil. 4. 11. Notes for div A45310-e1000 Si sedeas requies est magna laboris ; Si multum sedeas , labor est . Tert. Carm. Pro. 30 8. Senec. de Tranquil . Notes for div A45310-e1130 Psal . 23. 1. Psalm . 34 9 , 10. Eccles . 25. 2. Rev. 3. 17. Mat. 20. 15. 2 Kings 7. 2. 2 King. 6. 33. Rev , 36. 9. 11. Jonah 4 9. Pro. 30. 5. Notes for div A45310-e1430 Jer. 10. 19. Notes for div A45310-e1570 * Galba Otho Vitellius Ael , Pertinax Didius . Anno D. 1275. 1276. Gregor . 10 Innocent 5 Hadrian 5 Johan . 20 vel 21 Nicolaus 3 ▪ * 1 Cor. 15. 31. Gen 15. 10 Deut. 29. 23. Prov. 23. 5. Psal . 29. 4. Ludo. Vives in 3. De Civit censura notatus Vellosillo . Prov. ult . Penult . Ecc. 11. 10. Mat. 6. 28. Notes for div A45310-e2390 Psa . 69. 22 Notes for div A45310-e2630 Dan. 1 , 12. 13. Heb. 11. 38. Notes for div A45310-e3050 Ps . 132. 1. G. Naz. Carm. de calam . suis . Greg , l. 7. Epi. 12. 7. In vita Melanct. Shicardus . Notes for div A45310-e3270 Ambros . 〈…〉 . Epist . 29. Hieron . Ep. ad Hedibium . 1. Tim. 6. Ep. Lucii ad Episc . Gall. & Hisp . Notes for div A45310-e3610 1 Tim. 6. 9. Paulo primo Eremitae in spelunca viventi palma & cibum & vestimentum praebebat ; quod cum impossible videatur , Jesum testor & Angelos vidisse me Monachos , de quibus unus per 30. annos clausus , herdeaceo pane & lutulenta aqua vixit . Hieron . de vita Pauli . Revelatur Antonio nonagenario , de Paulo agente jam 113. annum , esse alium se sanctiorem Monachum , ibid. Plin. l. 26. c. 6. Hugo . Instit . Mona . Reg. S. Columb . Senec. Epist . 88. Notes for div A45310-e3850 Job 18. 4. Eccles . 7. 9. Gen. 30. 1. Gen. 15. 2. Pro. 15. 13. Ps . 37. 7. Jam. 5. 7. Jer. 12. 8. Notes for div A45310-e4090 Ps . 103. 9. Job . 2. 10. Livius . 2 Cor. 4. 17. Acts 7. Notes for div A45310-e4300 Inter opera Ambrosii D●moribus Brachmannorum . 1 Kings 18. 13. 2 Kings 6. 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , Mat. 8. 20. Notes for div A45310-e4590 Heb. 9. 27. Rom. 5. 1. Phil. 1. 23. Notes for div A45310-e4730 Gal. 5. 17. Job . 14. 4. Rom. 7. 19. 2 Cor. 5. 4. Notes for div A45310-e4910 Gen. 18. 27 Pirke Av●oth . Gen. 32. 10. Pro. 3. 34. Jam. 4. 6. Mat. 5. 39. 40. Pro. 85. 33. Notes for div A45310-e5180 Phil 4. 6. Heb. 11. 1. Mat. 5. 10. Heb. 13. 5. Esa . 54. 7 , 8. Psal . 139. 8 , 9. ver . 10 , 11 Ps . 68. 20. Notes for div A45310-e5330 Joh. 7. 38. Joh. 6. 55. Rom. 13. 14. Rev. 22. 2. Ps . 62. 6 , 7. Phil. 1. 27. Joh. 11. 25. 1 Cor. 1. 30. Rev. 3. 23. Notes for div A45310-e5520 Rom. 7. 19. Esa . 28. 27. Gen. 43. 34. Gen. 45. 24. 2 Cor. 4. 16. Notes for div A45310-e5760 Ambros . de vitiorum & virtutum conflictu . Pro. 30. 15. Job . 38. 11. Pro. 24. 13. Pro. 25. 16. Pro. 25. 16. Mat. 5. 6. Ambros . Epist . 27. Notes for div A45310-e6070 Gen. 32. 26. & 33. 5 , 6. &c. Act. 27. 18 , 19. 2 Sam. 23. 15 , 16 , 17. Notes for div A45310-e6320 Phil. 4. 6. Jam. 1. 17. Notes for div A45310-e6380 Exod. 5. 2. Esa . 14. 14. Act. 12. 22 Eccl. 5. 13. Aelius Lamprid.