The copies of certaine letters vvhich haue passed betweene Spaine and England in matter of religion Concerning the generall motiues to the Romane obedience. Betweene Master Iames Wadesworth, a late pensioner of the holy Inquisition in Siuill, and W. Bedell a minister of the Gospell of Iesus Christ in Suffolke. Wadsworth, James, 1572?-1623. 1624 Approx. 350 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 87 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2003-07 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A14614 STC 24925 ESTC S119341 99854548 99854548 19974 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A14614) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 19974) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 1044:14) The copies of certaine letters vvhich haue passed betweene Spaine and England in matter of religion Concerning the generall motiues to the Romane obedience. Betweene Master Iames Wadesworth, a late pensioner of the holy Inquisition in Siuill, and W. Bedell a minister of the Gospell of Iesus Christ in Suffolke. Wadsworth, James, 1572?-1623. Bedell, William, 1571-1642. aut Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656. [12], 162, [2] p. Printed by William Stansby for William Barret and Robert Milbourne, London : 1624. Edited by Bedell, who signs the dedication. Includes a letter from Joseph Hall. The first leaf is blank. With a final errata leaf. A variant (STC 24925a) has "Milburne" in imprint. Reproduction of the original in the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery. 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Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Catholic Church -- Controversial literature -- Early works to 1800. 2003-03 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2003-04 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2003-05 Rina Kor Sampled and proofread 2003-05 Rina Kor Text and markup reviewed and edited 2003-06 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion THE COPIES OF CERTAINE LETTERS WHICH HAVE passed betweene SPAINE and ENGLAND in matter of RELIGION . Concerning the generall Motiues to the Romane obedience . Betweene Master IAMES WADESWORTH , a late Pensioner of the Holy Inquisition in Siuill , and W. BEDELL a Minister of the Gospell of Iesus Christ in SVFFOLKE . LONDON Printed by William Stansby for William Barret and Robert Milbourne . 1624. TO THE MOST HIGH AND EXCELLENT PRINCE , PRINCE CHARLES . I Should labour much in my excuse , euen to mine owne iudgement , of the highest boldnesse , in daring to present these Papers to your Highnes , if there were not some releeuing circumstances , that giue mee hope , it shall not be disagreeable to your higher goodnesse . There is nothing can see the light , which hath the name of Spaine in it , which seemes not now properly yours , euer since it pleased you to honor that Countrie with your presence . And those very Motiues to the Romane obedience , which had beene represented vnto you there , in case you had giuen way to the propounding them , are in these Letters charitably and calmly examined . Betweene a couple of friends , bred in the same Colledge ( that of the foundation of Sir WALTER MILDMAY of blessed memorie , whom with honor and thankfulnesse I name ) chosen his Schollers at the same election , lodged in the same Chamber , after Ministers in the same Diocesse . And that they might bee matchable abroad as well as at home , attendants in the same ranke as Chaplaines , on two Honorable Ambassadors of the Majestie of the King your Father in forraine parts ; the one in Italie , the other in Spaine . Where , one of them hauing changed his profession , and receiued a pension out of the holy Inquisition house , and drawne his wife and children thither , was lately often in the eyes of your Highnesse : very ioyfull I suppose to see you there , not more I am sure , then the other was solicitous to misse you here . These passages betweene vs I haue hitherto forborn to divulge , out of the hope of further answer from Master Wadesworth according to his promise ; though since the receipt of my last ( being silent to my selfe ) he excused him in sundrie his Letters to others by his lack of health . Nor should I haue changed my resolution , but that I vnderstand that presently after your Highnesse departure from Spaine , hee departed this life . Which newes though it grieue me as it ought in respect of the losse of my friend , yet it somewhat contenteth me , not to haue beene lacking in my endeauour , to the vndeceiuing a well-meaning man touching the state of our differences in Religion ; nor as I hope to haue scandalized him in the manner of handling them . And conceiuing these Copies may be of some publike vse , the more being li●ted vp aboue their owne meannesse by so high patronage , I haue aduentured to prefixe your Highnesse name before them . Humbly beseeching the same , that if these reasons be too weake to beare vp the presumption of this Dedication , it may bee charged vpon the strong desire some way to expresse the vnspeakeable joy for your Highnesse happy returne into England , of one amongst many thousands , Of your Highnesse most humble and deuoted seruants W. BEDELL . THE CONTENTS . 1. A Letter of Master Wadesworth , contayning his Motiues to the Romane obedience . Dated at Seuill in Spaine , April 1. 1615. printed as all the rest out of his owne hand-writing . pag. 1. 2. Another Letter from him requiring answere to the former , from Madrid in Spaine , April 14. 1619. pag. 16. 3. The answere to the last Letter , Dated Aug. 5. 1619. pag. 17. 4. A Letter from Master Wadesworth vpon the receipt of the former . From Madrid . Dated Oct. 28. 1619. receiued May 23. 1620. pag. 23. 5. The answere to the last Letter . Iune 15. 1620. pag. 25. 6. A Letter from Master Wadesworth , from Madrid , Iune 8. 1620. pag. 29. 7. A Letter of Master Doctor Halls sent to Master Wadesworth , and returned into England with his marginall notes . pag. 30. 8. A Letter returning it inclosed to Master Doctor Hall. pag. 36. 9. A Letter sent to Master Wadesworth , together with the Examination of his Motiues . Octob. 22. 1620. pag. 36. 10. The Examination of the Motiues in the first Letter . pag. 39. The heads of the Motiues reduced vnto twelue Chapters , answering vnto the like figures in the Margint of the first of Master WADESWORTHS Letters . Chap. I. OF the Preamble . The Titles Catholike , Papist , Traytor , Idolater . The vniformitie of Faith in Protestant Religion . pag. 39. Chap. II. Of the contrarietie of Sects pretended to be amongst Reformers . Their differences , how matters ●f Faith. Of each pretending Scripture , and the holy Ghost . pag. 44. Chap. III. Of the want of a humane externall infallible Iudge and Interpreter . The obiections answered . First , that Scriptures are oft matter of controuersie . Secondly , that they are the Law and Rule . Thirdly , that Princes are no Iudges . Fourthly , nor a whole Councell of Reformers . The Popes being the Iudge and Interpreter ouerthrown by reasons ; And by his palpable misse-interpreting the Scriptures in his Decretals . The style of his Court. His Breues about the Oath of allegeance . p. 50. Chap. IIII. Of the state of the Church of England , and whether it may be reconciled with Rome . Whether the Pope be Antichrist , PAVLO V. VICE-DEO , OVR LORD GOD THE POPE : the Relation de moderandis titulis , with the issue of it . pag. 72. Chap. V. Of the safenesse to ioyne to the Romane being confessed a true Church by her Opposites . Master P. Wottons peruersion printed at Venice . The badge of Christs sheepe . pag. 82. Chap. VI. Of fraud and corruption in alledging Councels , Fathers , and Doctors . The falsifications imputed to Morney , Bishop Iewell , Master Fox , Tyndals Testament : Parsons foure falshoods in seuen lines . A taste of the for●eries of the Papacy . In the ancient Popes Epistles , Constantines Donation , Gratian ; The Schoolemen and Breuiaries by the complaint of the Venettan Diuines . The Father 's not vntoucht . Nor the Hebrew Text. pag. 91. Chap. VII . Of the Armies of euident witnesses for the Romanists . Whence it seemes so to the vnexpert Souldier . The censure of the Centurists touching the Doctrine of the Ancients . Danaeus of Saint Augustines opinion touching Purgatorie . An instance or two of Imposture in wresting Tertullian , Cyprian , Augustine . p. 108. Chap. VIII . Of the inuisibilitie of the Church said to bee an e●asion of Protestants . The promises made to the Church , and her glorious Titles , how they are verified out of Saint Augustine ; falsly applied to the whole visible Church , or representatiue , or the Pope . pag. 118. Chap. IX . Of lack of vniformitie in matters of Faith in all ages and places . What matters of Faith the Church holds vniformely ; and so the 〈◊〉 . Of Wicliffe and Hus , &c. whether they were martyrs . p. 12● . Chap. X. Of the originall of Reformation in Luther , C●luin , Scotland , England Whether King Henrie the eight were a good head of the Church . Of the Reformers in France and Holland . The originall growth and supporting of the Popes Monarchie considered . pag. 122. Chap. XI . Of lacke of Succession , Bishops , true Ordinations , Orders , Priesthood . The fabulous Ordination at the Nags-head examined . The Statute 8. Elizabeth . Boners sleighting the first Parliament , and Doctor Bancrofts answere to Master Alablaster . The forme of Priesthood inquired of . pag. 139. Chap. XII . Of the Conclusion . Master Wadesworths agonies and protestation . The protestation and resolution of the Author , and conceipt of Master Wadesworth , and his accompt . pag. 158. The Copies of certaine Letters , which haue passed betweene Spaine and England in matter of RELIGION . Salutem in Crucifi●o ▪ To the Worshipfull my good friend Mr. WILLIAM BEDE●● ▪ &c. Master Bedell , MY very louing friend After the old plaine fashion , I salute you heartily , without any new fine complements or affected phrases . And by my inquirie , vnderstanding of this Bearer that after your being at 〈◊〉 ▪ you had passed to Con●tantinop●e . and were returned to Saint 〈◊〉 , in 〈◊〉 and with health , I was exceeding glad thereof ▪ for I wish you well as to my selfe : and hee telling mee further that to morrow , God willing ▪ he was to depart from hence to imbarke for England , and offering me to deliuer my Letters if I would write vnto you , I could not omit by these hastie scribled lines to signifie vnto you the continuance of my sincere loue , neuer to be blotted out of my brest ( if you kill it not with vnkindnesse like Master Ioseph Hall ) neither by distance of place , nor successe of time , nor difference of Religion . For ( contrarie to the slanders raysed against all , because of the offences committed by some ) wee are not taught by our Catholike Religion , either to diminish our naturall obligation to our natiue Countrie , or to alter our morall affection to our former friends . And although for my change becomming Catholique , I did expect of some Reuilers to be termed rather then prooued an Apostata , yet I neuer looked for such termes from Master Hall , whom I esteemed either my friend , or a modester man ; whose flanting Epistle I haue not answered , because I would not foile my hands with a Poeticall Rayler , more full with froth of Wordes then substance of Matter , and of whom according to his beginning , I could not expect any sound Arguments but vaine Flourishes , and so much , I pray , let him know from me if you please . Vnto your selfe , my good friend , who doe vnderstand better then Master Hall , what the Doctors in Schooles doe account Apostasie , and how it is more and worse then Heresie , I doe referre both him and my selfe , whether I might not more probably call him Heretike , then he terme me at the first dash Apostata : but I would abstaine from such biting Satyres . And if he , or any other , will needes fasten vpon me such bitter termes , let them first prooue that in all points of faith I haue fallen totally from Christian Religion , as did Iulian the Apostata : For so is Apostasie described and differenced from Heresie . Apostasia est error , h●minis baptizati , contrarius fidei Catholicae ex toto : and , Haeresis est error pertinax , hominis baptizati , contrarius ●idei Catholicae ex parte . So that hee should haue shewed , first , my errors in matters of Faith ; not any error in other Questions , but in decreed matters of Faith ( as Protestants vse to say ) necessarie vnto saluation . Secondly , that such errors were maintayned with obstinate pertin●cy , and pertinacy is , where such errors are defended against the consent and determination of the Catholik ▪ Church ; and also knowing that the whole Church teacheth the contrarie to such opinions , yet will persist in them : and yet further , if there bee any doubt , he must manifest vnto me which is the Catholique Church . Thirdly , to make it full Apostasie , he should haue conuinced mee to haue swarued and back-slidden ( as you know the Greeke word signifies ) like Iulian renouncing his baptisme , and forsaken totally all Christian Religion ▪ a horrible imputation , though false , nor so easily prooued as declaymed : But I thanke God daily that I am become Catholique , as all our Ancestors were till of late yeeres , and as the most of Christendome still be at this present day , with whom I had rather bee mis-called a Papist , a Traytor , an Apostata , or Idolater , or what he will , then to remayne a Protestant with them still For in Protestant Religion I could neuer finde vniformitie of a settled faith , and ●o no quietnesse of conscience , especially for three or foure yeeres before my comming away , although by reading , studying , praying , and confe●ring , I did most carefully and diligently labour to finde it among them . But your contrarietie of Sects and opinions of 〈◊〉 , Zwinglians , Caluinists , Protestants , 〈◊〉 , Cartwrightists , and Brownists , some of them damning each other ; many of them auouching their Positions to be matters of Faith ( for if they made them but Schoole questions of opinion onely , they should not so much haue disquieted mee ) and all these being so contrarie , yet euery one pretending Scriptures , and arrogating the Holy Ghost in his fauor . And aboue all ( which did most of all trouble me ) about the deciding of these and all other Controuersies which might arise , I could not finde among all these Sects any certaine humane externall Iudge , so infallibly to interpret Scriptures , and by them and by the assistance of the Holy Ghost so vndoubtedly to define questions of Faith , that I could assure my selfe and my soule , This Iudge is infallible ; and to him thou oughtest in conscience to obey and yeeld thy vnderstanding in all his determinations of Faith , for he cannot erre in those points . And note that I speake now of an externall , humane , infallible Iudge . For I know the Holy Ghost is the Diuine internall and principall Iudge ; and the Scriptures be the Law or Rule by which that humane externall Iudge must proceede . But the Holy Scriptures being often the Matter of Controuersie and somtime questioned which be Scriptures , and which bee not , they alone of themselues cannot be Iudges : and for the Holy Ghost likewise euery one pretending him to bee his Patron , how should ● certainly know by whom he speaketh , or not ? For to Men we must goe to learne , and not to Angels , nor to God himselfe immediately . The Head of your Church was the Queene ( an excellent notable Prince ) but ● Woman , not to speake , much lesse to be Iudge in the Church ; and since a learned King , like King Henrie the eight , who was the first temporall Prince that euer made himselfe Ex Regio jure , Head of the Church in spir●tuall matters , a new strange Doctrine , and therefore iustly condemned by Caluin for monstrous . But suppose hee were such a Head , yet you all confesse that hee may erre in matters of Faith. And so you acknowledge may your Archbishops and Bishops , and your whole Clergie in their Conuocation-house euen making Articles and Decrees : yea , though a Councell of all your Lutherans , Cal●●●nists , Protestants , &c. of Germanie , France , Engiana , &c. were all ioyned together , and should agree all ( which they neuer will doe ) to compound and determine the differences among themselues , yet by your ordinarie Doctrine of most Protestants they mig●t in such a Councell erre , and it were possible in their Decrees to be deceiued . But if they may erre , how should I know and be sure when and wherein they did or did not erre ? for though on the one side ● posse ad esse non valet semper consequentia . yet 〈◊〉 valet , and on the other side 〈…〉 potentia , quae nunquam ducitur in actu● . So that 〈◊〉 neither in generall nor in particular , in puo●●que 〈◊〉 priuate , in head nor members , ioynely nor ●euerally you haue no visible , externall , humane , infallible Iudge , who cannot erre , and to whom I might haue recourse for decision of doubts in matters of faith . ● pray let Master Hall tell me , where should I haue fixed my foot ? for God is my witnesse , my soule was like Noah Dou● , a long time houering & desirous to discouer land , but seeing nothing but moueable and troublesome deceiueable water , I could find no quiet center for my conscience , nor any firme foundation for your faith in Protestant Religion . Wherfore hearing a sound of harmon●e and consent , that the Catholique Church could not erre , and that onely in the Catholique Church , as in Noahs Arke was infallabilitte and possibilitie of saluation ; I was so occasioned , and I thinke had important reason , like Noahs Doue , to seeke out , and to enter into this Arke of Noah . Hereupon I was occasioned to doubt , whether the Church of England were the true Church , or not ▪ For by consent of all , the true Church cannot erre ; but the Church of England , head and members , King , Clergie , and People , as before is said , yea a whole Councell of Protestants by their owne grant may erre , ergo , no true Church . If no true Church , no saluation in it ; therefore come out of it : but that I was loath to doe . Rather I laboured mightily to defend it , both against the Puritanes , and against the Catholiques : But the best arguments I could vse against t●e Puritanes from the Authoritie of the Church , and of the ancient Doctors interpreting Scriptures against them , when they could not answere them , they would reiect them for Popish , and f●ye to their owne arrogant spirit , by which forsooth they must controll others This I found on the one side most abs●rd , and ●o b●eede an Anarchy of confusion : and yet when I come to answere the Catholique Arguments on ●he other side against Protestants , ●rging the like Authority and vniformity of the Church , I perceiued the most Protestants did frame euasions , in effect like those of the Puritanes inclining to ●heir priuate spirit , and other vncertainties . Next therefore I applied my selfe to follow their opinion , who would make the Church of England and the Church of Rome still to be all one ●n essentiall points , and the diff●rences to be accidentall . confessing the Church of Rome to be a true Church though sicke , or corrupted , and the Protestants to be deriued from it and reformed : and to this end I laboured much to reconcile most of our particular controuersies : But in truth I found such contrar●eties , not onely betweene Catholiques and Protestants , but euen among Protestants themselues that I could neuer settle my selfe fully in this opinion of some reconciliation , which I know many great Schollers in England did fauour . For considering so many opposite great points , for which they did excommunicate and put to death each other , and making the Pope to be Antichrist , proper or improper , it could neuer sinke into my braine how these two could be descendent , or members ●ound nor vnfound participant each of other Rather I concluded , that ●eeing many of the best learned Protestants did grant the Church or Rome 〈…〉 true Church , though 〈…〉 And contrarily , not onely the Catholiques , but also the Puritanes , Anabaptists , Brownists , &c. did all denie the Church of England to be a true Church : therefore it would be more safe and secure to become a Romane Catholique , who haue a true Church by consent of both parties , then to remaine a Protestant , who doe alone plead their owne cause , hauing all the other against them : For the testimony of our selues , and our contraries also , is much more sufficient , and more certaine then to iustifie our selues alone . Yet I resisted and stood out still : and betooke my selfe againe to reade ouer and examine the chiefest controuersies , especially those about the Church , which is , cardo negotij ( and herein because the Bearer ●taies now a day or two longer , I will inlarge my selfe more then I purposed ) and so I would needes peruse the Originall quotations and Texts of the Councels , Fathers , and Doctors , in the Authors , themselues which were alleadged on both parts , to see if they were truely cited , and according to the meaning of the Authors : a labour of much labor , and of trauell sometime to finde the Books , wherein I found much fraud committed by the Protestants ; and that the Catholiques had farre greater and better armies of euident witnesses on their sides , much more then the Protestants ; in so much , that the Centurists are faine often to censure and reiect the plaine testimonies of those Ancients , as if their new censure were sufficient to disaucthorize the others auncient sentences . And so I remember Danaeus in Commentarijs super D. Augustin Enchirid ▪ ad Laurentium . Where Saint Augustin plainely auoucheth Purgatory : he reiects Saints Augustines opinion , saying , hic est naeuus Augustini : but I had rather follow Saint Augustins opinion , then his ce●sure ; for who are they to controll the Fathers ? There are indeede some few places in Authors , which prima facie seeme to fauour Protestants , as many Heretiques alleadge some texts of Scriptures , whose sound of words seeme to make for their opinions : but being well examined and interpreted , according to the analogie of faith , and according to many other places of the same Authours where they doe more fully explaine their opinions ; so they appeare to be wrested , and from the purpose . In fine , I found my selfe euidently conuinced , both by many Authorities , and by many Arguments , which now I doe not remember all , nor can here repeate those which I doe remember : but onely some few arguments I will relate vnto you which preuailed most with me , besides those afore mentioned . First , therefore I could neuer approue the Protestants euasion by Inuisibility of their Church : For though sometime it may be diminished and obscured , yet the Catholique Church must euer be visible , set on a hill , and not as light hid vnder a Bushell ; for how should it enlighte●●nd teach her children , if inuisible , or how should Strangers , and Pagans , and others , be conuerted vnto her ? or where should any finde the Sacraments , if inuisible ? Also the true Church in all places and all ages , euer holds one vniformitie and concord in all matters of Faith , though not in all matters of ceremony or gouernment : But the Protestants Church hath not in all ages , nor in all places such vniforme concord , no not in one age , as is manifest to all the world , and as Father Parsons proued against Foxes martirs , Wickliffe , Husse , and the res● : ergo the Protestants Church , not the true Church . Againe , by that saying , Haereses ad originem reuocasse est refutasse ; and so considering Luthers first rancour against the Dominicans , his disobedience and contempt of his former Superiours , his vowe breaking , and violent courses , euen causing rebellion against the Emperour , whom he reuiles , and other Princes most shamefully , surely such arrogant disobedience , scisme , and rebellions , had no warrant nor vocation of God to plant his Church , but of the Deuill to begin a scisme and a sect . So likewise for Caluin , to say nothing of all that D. Bolsecus brings against him . I doe vrge onely what Master Hooker , Doctor Bancroft , and Sarauia doe proue against him , for his vnquietnesse and ambition , reuoluing the Common-wealth , and so vniu●tly expelling and depriuing the Bishop of Geneua , and other temporall Lords of their due obedience , and ancient inheritance . Moreouer , I referre you to the stirres , broiles , sedition , and murders which Knoxe and the Geneua Gospellers caused in Scotland against their lawfull Gouernours , against their Queene , and against our King , euen in his Mothers belly . Nor will I insist vpon the passions which first moued King Henrie violently to diuorce himselfe from his lawfull wife , to fall out with the Pope his friend , to marrie the Lady Anne Bullen , and soone after to behead her ; to disinherite Queene Mary , and enable Queene Elizabeth ; and presently to di●inherit Queene Elizabeth , and to restore Queene Mary ; to hang Catholiques for traitors , and to burne Protestants for heretiques , to destroy Monasteries , and to pill Churches : were these fit beginnings for the Gospell of Christ ? I pray was this man a good head of Gods Church ? for my part , I beseech our Lord blesse me from being a member of such a head , or such a Church . I come to France and Holland , where you know by the Hugenots and Geuses all Caluinistes , what ciuill wars they haue raised , how much bloud they haue shed , what rebellion , rapine , and desolations they haue occasioned principally for their new Religion , founded in bloud like Draecos lawes : But I would gladly know whether you can approue such bloudy broiles for Religion , or no ? I know Protestants de facto , doe iustifie the ciuill warres of France and Holland for good against their Kings , but I could neuer vnderstand of them quo lure : if the Hollanders be Rebels ( as they are ) why did we support them● if they be no rebels , because they fight for the pretended liberty of their ancient priuiledges , and for their new Religion ; we see it is an easie matter to pretend liberties , and also why may not others as as well reuolt for their old Religion : Or I beseech you , why is that accounted treason against the State in Catholiques , which is called reason of State in Protestants ? I reduce this argument to few words , That Church which is founded and begun in ma●ice disobedience , passion , bloud , and rebellion , cannot be the true Church : but it is euident to the world that the Protestant Churches in Germanie , Franc● , Holland , Geneua , &c. were so founded , and in Geneua and Holland are still continued in rebellion : ergo , they are not true Churches . Furthermore , where is not Succession both of true Pastors and of true Doctrine , there is no true Church : But among Protestants is no succession of true Pastors , ( for I omit here to treate of Doctrine ) ergo , no true Church . I prooue the minor : where is no consecration nor ordination of Bishops and Priests , according to the due forme and right intention required necessarily by the Church and ancient Councels , there is no succession of true Pastors ▪ but among Protestants the said due forme and right intention are not obserued , ergo , no succession of true Pastors . The said due forme and right intention are not obserued among Protestants in France , Holland , nor Germanie , where they haue no Bishops , and where Lay men doe intermeddle in the making of their Ministers . And for England , whereas the Councels require the ordines minores of Subdeacon and the rest , to goe before Priesthood ; your Ministers are made per saltum without euer being Subdeacons . And whereas the Councels require three Bishops to assist at the consecration of a Bishop , it is certaine that at the Nags-head in Cheap-side where consecration of your first Bishops was attempted but not effected ( whereabout I remember the controuersie you had with one ) there was but one Bishop , and I am sure there was such a matter : and although I know and haue seene the Records themselues , that afterward there was a consecration of Doctor Parker at Lambeth , and three Bishops named , viz. Miles Couerdall of Exceter , one Hodgeskin Suffragan of Bedford , and another whose name I haue forgotten , yet it is very doubtfull that Couerdall being made Bishop of Exceter in King Edwards time ( when all Councels and Church Canons were little obserued ) he was neuer himselfe Canonically consecrated ; and so if he were no Canonicall Bishop , he could not make another Canonicall : and the third vnnamed , as I remember ( but am not sure ) was onely a Bishop Elect , and not consecrated , and so was not sufficient . But hereof I am sure , that they did consecrate Parker by vertue of a Breue from the Queene as Head of the Church , who indeed being no true Head and a Woman , I cannot see how they could make a true consecration grounded on her authoritie . Furthermore , making your Ministers you keepe not the right intention ; for neither doe the Orderer nor the Ordered giue nor receiue the Orders as a Sacrament ; nor with any intention of Sacrificing . Also they want the matter and forme with which according to the Councels and Canons of the Church holy Orders should be giuen ; namely for the matter , Priesthood is giuen by the deliuerie of the Patena with bread , and of the Chalice with wine : Deaconship by the deliuerie of the booke of the Gospels ; and Subdeaconship by the deliuerie of the Patena alone , and of the Chali●e emptie . And in the substantiall forme of Priesthood you doe faile most of all , which forme consists in these wordes , Accipe potestatem offerendi sacrificium in Ecclesia pro viuis & mortuis , which are neither said no● done by you , and therefore well may you bee called Ministers , as also Lay men are , but you are no Priests . Wherefore I conclude , wanting Subdeaconship , wanting vndoubted Canonicall Bishops , wanting right intention , wanting matter and due forme , and deriuing euen that you seeme to haue from a Woman the Head of your Church , therefore you haue no true Pastors , and consequently no true Church . And so to conclude , and not to wearie my selfe and you too much , being resolued in my vnderstanding , by these and many other Arguments , that the Church of England was not the true Church , but that the Church of Rome was and is the onely true Church , because it alone is Ancient , Catholique , and Apostolique , hauing Succession , Vnitie , and Visibilitie , in all ages and places ; yet what agonies I passed with my will , here I will ouer-passe . Onely I cannot pretermit to tell you , that at last hauing also mastered and subdued my will to relent vnto my vnderstanding , by meanes of prayer , and by God Almighties grace principally , I came to breake through many tentations and impediments , and from a troubled vnquiet heart to a fixed and peaceable tranquilitie of minde , for which I doe most humbly thanke our sweet Lord and Sauiour Iesus , before whom with all reuerence I doe auouch and sweare vnto you , as I shall answere it in the dreadfull day of iudgement when all hearts shal be discouered , that I forsooke Protestant Religion for very feare of damnation ; and became a Catholique with good hope of saluation ; and that in this hope I doe continue and increase daily : and that I would not for all the world become a Protestant againe . And for this which here I haue written vnto you in great haste , I know there bee many Replyes and Reioynders wherewith I could neuer be satisfied ; nor doe I desire any further Disputation about them , but rather to spend the rest of my life in deuotion ; yet in part to giue you , my deare good friend , some account of my selfe , hauing now so good an occasion and fit a messenger , and by you if you please to render a reason of my Faith to Master Hall , who in his said printed Epistle in one place desires to know the motiues thereof , I haue thus plainly made relation of some points among many . Whereunto if Master Hall will make any Reply , I doe desire it may bee directly & fully to the points and in friendly termes , vpon which condition I doe pardon what is past : and of you I know I neede not require any such circumstances . And so most seriously intreating and praying to our gracious Lord to direct and keepe vs all and euer in his holy Truth , I commend you vnto his heauenly grace , and my selfe vnto your friendly loue . Seuill in Spaine , this first day of Aprill . 1615. Your very affectionate and true louing friend , IAMES WADDESWORTH . To the Worshipfull his respected friend Master WILLIAM BEDELL , at his house in Saint Edmundsbury , or at Horinger , be there deliuered in Suffolke . Kinde Master BEDELL , MIne old acquaintance and friend hauing heard of your health and worldly well-fare , by this Bearer Master Austen your neighbour , and by him hauing opportunitie to salute you with these few Lines , I could not omit ; though some fewe yeeres since I wrote you by one who since told mee certainly hee deliuered my Letters , and that you promised answere , and so you are in my debt , which I doe not claime not vrge so much , as I doe that in truth and before our Lord I speake it , you doe owe me loue in all mutuall amitie , for the heartie affectionate loue which I haue and euer did beare vnto you with all sinceritie . For though I loue not your Religion ( wherein I could neuer finde solide Truth , nor firme hope of saluation , as now I doe being a Catholique , and our Lord is my witnesse who shall be my iudge ) yet indeed I doe loue your person , and your ingenuous , honest , good , morall condition , which euer I obserued in you : nor doe I desire to haue altercations with Master Ioseph Hall ( especially if he should proceede as Satyrically as he hath begun with me ) nor with any other man , and much lesse would I haue any debate with your selfe , whom I doe esteeme and affect as before I haue written : nor would I spend the rest of my life ( which I take to be short , for my lungs are decaying ) in any Questions , but rather in deuotion , wherein I doe much more desire to bee hot and feruorous , then in Disputations , beseeching our Lord to forgiue my coldnesse , yea my neglect therein , and to pardon and free me from all sinne , and to guide and keepe you in all happinesse euen as I wish for mine owne soule , through the Redemption of our sweet Sauiour , and by the inter●ession of his holy Mother , and all Saints , Amen . Written in haste from Madrid , 14. Aprill . 1619. Your assured true friend , IAMES WADDESWORTH . Receiued I●ne 4. 1619. To the Worshipfull my very good friend Master IAMES WADDESWORTH at Madrid , deliuer this . Salutem in Christo Iesu. THe late receipt of your Letters ( good Master Waddesworth ) did diuersly affect me with ioy and shame ; and I know not with whether most . I was glad to heare of you , and your prosperous state , much more to receiue a kinde Letter from you . Ashamed , therein to be called vpon for debt ; who haue euer endeuoured to liue by that rule of the Apostle ; Owe nothing to any man. Yet not so much for that which you must vrge the debt of loue , sith by that Text it appears , that it can neuer be so discharged , as there should not be more behinde to pay . And your selfe who challenge this of me , doe owe me as much or well more . For let me tell you , I haue the aduantage of you herein by my profession , for where your loue is to me as to a man , or to an honest man , nor can by your present perswasion goe any further , I can and doe loue you as my deare brother , and fellow member in the mysticall body of our Lord Iesus Christ. And from this ground ( to his knowledge I doe appeale ) I doe heartily pray for you , and beare with you , and as the Apostle enioynes , Rom. 15. 7. Receiue you with a true brotherly affection . I am not therefore ashamed of this debt , but doe reioyce as much in the owing of it , as in the payment . But my shame growes from the being behinde with you in the office of writing . Wherein yet heare my honest and true excuse . Neither will I goe about to set off one debt with another . For you may remember how at our parting you promised to write to me touching the state of Religion there , which if wee shall make out a perfect reckoning , I account to be a good debt still . But this I say , when your Letters of the first of April , 1615 ▪ came to my hands , I purposed to returne answere by the same B●arer , who as hee told mee , was to returne about the Midsommer following . But I had a sodaine and extraordinarie iourny which came betweene , and kept me from home till after the Commencement , so as that opportunitie was lost . Besides , vpon the reading of your Letters , I perceiued your intention was to haue them imparted to Doctor Hall , expecting in a sort some reply from him . To him threfore did I send them . After some moneths I receiued this answere , which though I had once purposed to conceale , as not willing to be the meane of any exasperation betweene you , yet now hoping of your wisedome and patience I send you inclosed , that it may be some euidence of my true excuse . Vpon the receipt of it , I began to frame an answere to the points of your Letter , according to your desire , full , and in friendly termes . I had well-nigh finished it , when I was presented to this Benefice , and thereby entered into a world of distractions . These , together with the labour of writing it ouer , and vncertaintie of safe conueighing my Letters to you , did make mee procrastinate my payment , till now to my shame you should neede to demand it . And that I may by the more shaming my selfe obtaine a more easie penance from you ; I confesse to you , I was sometime halfe in the minde ( hauing especially differred it so long ) to suppresse it altogether . First , out of mine owne naturall disposition , who haue euer abhorred contention : and whereas in matters of Religion there ought to be the fairest wars , I could neuer yet meete with any of that side of so patient a minde , but by opposition he would be vnsetled . For your selfe , though I knew your former moderate temper , and ( as I remember I wrote to Doctor Hall ) beleeued you in that which you protest , that out of conscience you were such as you professe ; yet me thought I perceiued by your quick manner to him , and some passages in the conclusion of your Letter , you were rather desirous to enioy the quiet possession of your owne opinion , then come to any fur●her disputation whose is the right . And in truth the time of that triall had beene proper , before your departure : nor you had to● farre engaged your selfe ; and were to iustifie by your constancie , the wisedome of your change . Besides , since the sum of the errour of that side , as I haue euer conceiued it , is beleeuing rather too much , then failing in any point necessary to saluation , that notable place of the Apostle , Rom. 14. 1. came to my minde , especially after that I had once occasion to preach of it , where he forbids controuersies of disputations with those that are infirme in faith . Who art thou ( saith he ) that iudgest another mans seruant ? he standeth or falleth to his owne Master . Why should I grieue you , and perhaps make my friend mine enemy ( as Saint Paul the Galathians ) by saying the truth . The world is full enough of contentious writings , which as by your letter appeares you had seen ere ye resolued . If those had not satisfied you , what could I hope to adde to them ? These things moued me ; but as you say , they did not yet satisfie me . For all men are interessed in the defence of truth , how much more he that is called to be a Preacher of it ? All Christians are admonished by Saint Iude , to fight for the faith once giuen to the Saints ; how much more those that are leaders in this warfare : How could I say I loued our Lord Iesus Christ , if his honour being questioned I should be silent ? How could I approue to mine owne soule that I loued you , if I sufered you to enioy your owne error , suppose not damnable . Besides that , you and perhaps others also might be confirmed in it , perhaps interpreting my silence for a confession that your Motiues were vnanswerable . But therein I was not onely resolued selfe to the contrary , but thought it so easie to resolue any indifferent minde , as me thought it was more shame not to haue done it at the first , then praise to doe it at the last . As for the successe of my endeauour , I was to leaue it to God. Many and secret are the wayes of his Prouidence , which serueth it selfe sometimes euen of our errours , to the safer conduct of vs to our finall happinesse . Some I had known , and heard of more , who being at first carried away with the shewes of Vnity , Order , Succession , Infallability ; when they found them emptie of Truth , and the cloakes of Pride , ambition , coue●ousnesse , ioyned with an obstinacie to defend all corruptions how palpable so euer , by finding the difference of these Hulles from their Fathers Table , had with the prodigall Son returned home againe . To conclude , I accounted my selfe still in debt , and was I confesse to you unwilling to die in it ; and somtimes vowed to God , in the middest of my troubles , if I might once see an end of them , to endeuour to discharge it . And now hauing by his mercy not onely attained that , but a new occasion presented me presently thereupon , by your calling for satisfaction to pay it , and meanes offered me to send it safely : I take this motion to proceede from God , and doe humbly desire his Maiesty to turne it to good . It remaines therefore , good Master Wadesworth , that I doe intreat your pardo● of that slacknesse that is past , and gentlenesse to take it as I shall be able to pay it . My employments both ordinary and extraordinary are many : the bulke of it is to great to conuey in one Letter , consisting of sundry sheetes of paper ; and at this present there lies an extraordinary taske vpon me , so as I cannot presently writ it out . I doe therefore no more now but acknowledge the debt , and promise speedy paiment . Vnlesse I shall adde this also , that I doe vndertake to pay interest for the forbearance ; and according as I shall vnderstand by Master Austen shall be fittest , and safest , to send it in parts , or all at once . To the conclusion of your last Letter , wherein you professe your desire to spend the rest of your life rather in the heate of deuotion , then of disputation , desiring pardon of coldenesse that way , and of all other your sinnes , and that it would please God to guide and keepe me in all happinesse as your selfe , through the redemption of our sweete Sauiour , and by the intercession of his holy mother and all Saints . I doe most thankefully and willingly subscribe Amen : returning vnto you from my heart your owne best wishes . Neither is it my purpose to call into question the soliditie of truth , or firmenesse of the hope of saluation , which you finde in your present way . This onely I say . * Et pro nobis Christus mortuus est , & pro nostra Redemptione sanguinem suum fudit . Peccatores quidem , sed de ipsius grege sumus , & inter eius ouiculas numeramur : This is my tenet . And if the doctrine of the holy Bible doe containe solid truth , and beleeuing in the name of the Son of God doe giue firme hope of saluation , according to Gods own record , 1 Iohn 5. 10. 11. 12. we are perswaded we haue both . I will adde this more ; We know that wee are translated from death to life , because wee loue our brethren . With this Oyle in our Lampes , which we desire may be alwayes in store in our Vessels also our hearts , we attend the comming of the Bridegroome ; and say cheerefully , * Etiam veni Domine Iesu. To whose gracious protection I doe most hartily commit you , and doe rest , Your assured friend and louing Brother , W. BEDELL . Horningesherth this fifth of August 1619. To the Worshipfull Master WILLIAM BEDELL at Horningesherth neere Saint Edmundsbury in Suffolke , these . Salutem in Crucifix● . WORTHY SIR , I Was exceeding glad to perceiue by your kinde , modest , and discreete Letters of 5. of August last , that you are still permanent in your own good nature , and constant in your loue to me : not like Master Ioseph Hall , neither bitterly reuiling nor flourishing impertinently . Vnto whom I pray you returne ▪ his scoffing railing Letter , with these few marginall noates . I pray God forgiue him , and make him a more humbler and meeker man. And I for my part doe freely pardon all his foule tearmes against me . And though in gratitude and iustice I am bound and so doe loue and respect you more then him , for your greater curtesie to me , and for your better value in your selfe ; yet euen him I can and doe and am bound to loue not onely as an enemy , or a creature of God , or as I doe you for an honest , morall , good , discreete man , but euen further and beyond that which you seeme to vnderstand that we cannot by our doctrine proceede in loue : viz. as men hauing soules for whom our Sauiour hath died ; and so as possible members though indeede not actuall branches of his misticall body : yea for such as may come to be ingrafted and beare fruite in him , when we may be withered , cut off , or fallen away . As for your serious Apologie and excuse for not answering my first Letters all this while , I doe easily admit it , and assure my selfe that all the circumstances , impediments , and occasions were such , as you affirme : nor did I expect , nor vrge , in my first nor second Letters any answere about Controuersies in Religion ( for I euer said we could say nothing of substance which before had not beene said ) but onely gaue you by Masters Hals occasion some few reasons of my faith , wherein still I protest I had rather be deuout then be troubled to dispute , not for feare or doubt , but because I am so fully resolued in my selfe , and do think it a very superfluous labour toties & melius ab alijs actum agere . So that I desired rather answere of curtesie then of controuersie , which now by Master Astons meanes I receiued , and doe much esteeme it , and hartily thanke you for it . Neuerthelesse , when your Replie vnto my plaine and few reasons come , I will for your sake both read them ouer , and according to my little health , lesse leisure , and my poore abilitie ( which is least of all ) returne you some such short reioynder as it shall please almighty God to enable me , being glad to perceiue by your last that you doe subscribe to our Intercession by our blessed Lady , and other holy Saints ; which also I hope and wish you would fully extend to our Inuocation of Saints as Intercessors , not as Redeemers , for that were Blaspemie indeede and Idolatrie ; from which our sweete Sauiour deliuer vs , and euer keepe you my good deere friend , as I desire . Madrid , in haste , 26. Octob. 1619. IAMES WADDESWORTH . To the worshipfull my very good friend M. IAMES WADDESWORTH , at Madrid , deliuer this . Salutem in Christo Iesu. YOur Letters of the 26. of October ( beloued Master Waddesworth ) were long vpon the way and came not to my hands till the 23. of May. In them I receiued your curteous acceptation of my excuse for my former silence , & censure of Doctor Hall Letter with the profession of your loue to me and him , further then I accounted you could by your Doctrine proceede , viz. as redeemed by Christ , and possible members of his mysticall body . Truely Sir , I will not change words with you here abouts , but I account still to be an honest man , restraineth from that , to be redeemed by our Sauiour , since that is as large as humane nature , this is giuen to fewer , of whom a man may say as our Lord doth of one in the Gospell , that they are not far from the Kingdome of God. Howsoeuer , I haue still my intention that wee out of our profession may loue you better then you can vs : since it is more to be an actuall , then a possible member of Christ ; and the Communion of Saints is a staighter bond , then Redemption by Christ , and possibilitie of being ingrafted and bearing fruite in his mysticall body . And I would to Christ that of all other Controuersies this were the vehementest betweene vs , which should loue each other most . Wherein although I would striue and doe my best to haue the better , yet see how equally I would contend . For both I would acknowledge freely , my selfe farre short of that which I may by my profession doe in this kinde , and perswade my selfe better of your secret affection to vs , then you may by your pofession expresse . I will not easily beleeue that you can finde in your heart to count that man a Dogge , and out of the Church , and in state of damnation , that stedfastly beleeueth in our Lord Iesus Christ , and by him in the B. Trinitie ; that confesseth all the Doctrine of holy Scriptures , the summe whereof is in the Creede ; that lastly , with a charitable affection embraceth all that hold this faith , throughout the world , yea euen those that hate and persecute him to the death . Wherein I forbeare for the present to enlarge , because I speake more of it in my answere to your first Letters ; which Master Aston giues me hope that himselfe ere long will consigne into your hands . Now by his direction , I send you onely aduice of the receipt of your last , with heartie thankes for them , desirous not to runne further in arrerages with you in this office of writing . This one thing I adde , that where you write you are glad I doe subscribe to your intercession by the Saints , wishing me fully to extend it to inuocation of Saints as Intercessors , though not as Redeemers ; I should be very glad if I could as well content you in all other points , as that one : comming thus prepared in all controuersies with you , and all men , to yeelde whatsoeuer I may , sauing the truth . But as I conceiue it , there is great oddes betweene these two . To desire God to grant vs this or that good thing by the intercession of the Saints ; and , To vse inuocation of themselues . The one supposeth onely that the Saints in glory generally knowing the warfare of those on earth , are carefull for them , and omit not this act of neuer failing charitie to pray for them . These praiers it hopes , and desires of God may be helpefull to vs , by the onely merit of our Lord Iesus Christ ; in the same sort as those of the Saints wheresoeuer on earth ; as 2 Cor. 1. 10. 11. Ephes. 6. 1. Philem. ver . 22. The other , that the Saints departed know our wants , and states in particular , and heare our prayers , and by consequent know our hearts : which is flatly contrarie to the Scriptures 2 Chron. 6. 30. Esay 63. 16. To omit now that you doe not onely desire them to pray for you , but aske at their hands grace and glory , trust in them , vow to them , sweare by them , offer and receiue the sacrifice of the New Testament to their honour and glory , and desire it may be accepted by their patronage . Wherefore as I am glad to perceiue that you doe reuerse those blasphemies indeede , Salua me Saluatrix ; Redime me Redemptrix ; and will not subscribe to those words of Bellarmine , non erit absurdum si sancti viri redemptores nostri aliquo modo , id est secundum aliquid , non simpliciter ; & largo modo ; non in rigore verborum esse dicantur : and againe , cur inepte dicantur Sancti viri aliquo modo passionibus suis delicta nostra posse redimere ? so I hope and wish you would doe the like for calling vpon them , and presenting their merits vnto God ; and as yee may more safely and sweetely speake vnto our Iesus , who is our Aduocate with the Father , entered into the Holy of Holies to appeare before God for vs. To his gracious protection I commit you , and doe rest Horningshearth this 15. of Iune , 1620. Your assured friend and louing Brother W. BEDELL . To the worshipfull his much respected friend Master WILLIAM BEDELL at Horningshearth by Saint Edmundsbury in Suffolke , these . My very good Friend MAster BEDELL , my last vnto you was by a Gentleman who went from hence about sixe moneths since ; but I haue vnderstood hee fell sicke at Paris , by the way , and so was first hindered there in his iourney , and afterward againe at Brussels fell to a relapse , which detained him so long , that although now very lately I heare he is recouered and gone forward into England , yet in so long delayes & so often sickenesses , I know not whether hee haue lost or forgotten my former Letters : wherefore out of this consideration , and by the opportunitie of this Bringer , and by the true harty affection which I beare you , being desirous to signifie vnto you the continuance of my sincere loue , I could not pretermit this so good an occasion , though hereby I haue nothing else to say , nor intreate , but if wee haue ●arres , yet our dissention may be rather in the matter and cases , then betwixt our persons , as discreete Lawyers vse to pleade vehemently each for his Clyents iustice , and yet remaine betwixt themselues without breach of amitie , and abstaining from opprobrious iniurie ; wherein I haue great confidence that you will proceede both more moderately in all the circumstance , and to better purpose in the substance then Master Ioseph Hall , vnto whose Letter directed to you , and by you sent vnto me , I wrote certaine Marginall Notes onely , and so returned the same by the aboue named Gentleman , whereof also ( if it returne to your hands ) I would intreate you to send me a Copie both of his Text and my Glosse , for then being in haste I remained with neither . Our Lord keepe you , and guide vs all to his truth , and to heauen . Madrid , 8. Iune , 1620. IAMES WADDESWORTH . The Letter of Master D. HALL , mentioned in the formerwith Master WADDESWORTHS marginall notes . GOod Master Bedell , what a sorry crabbe hath Master Waddesworth at last sent vs from Siuill ? I pittie the a impotent malice of the man ; sure that hot Region , and a sulphurous Religion are guiltie of this his choler . For ought I see hee is not onely turned Papist but Spaniard too . Ibi vi●itur ambitiosa paupertate : The great man would not foyle his fingers ( for that is his word ) with such an aduersarie as my selfe ; hee should haue found this conflict his foyling indeede ; but hee scornes the match ; and what wonder if he that hath all this while b sat on Father Creswels staires , scorne the vnworthinesse of him whom an English Vniuersitie scorned not to set in the chaire of Diuinitie ? But whence is this my contempt ? I see but two vices to cleare my selfe of ; Poetry and c Railing ; of the latter you shall acquit mee if you will but reade that my poore Epistle which he sleights thus : Let your eyes iudge whether euer any thing could be written more mildely , more modestly , more louingly . Of the former I must acquit my selfe ; Cuius vnum est sed magnum vitium Poesis : what were I the worse if I were still a louer of those studies ? If he could haue had leisure to tend vpon any thing besides that Fathers Packets , he might haue seene most of the renowned and holy Fathers of the Church eminent in that profession for which I am scornd ; amongst many others Tertullian , Lactantius , Nazianzen , Prudentius , Fulgentius , Apollinarius , Nonnus , Hilarius , Prosper , and now in the vpshot d deuout Bernard , and why should their honour be my disgrace ? But the truth is , these were the recreations of my minoritie ; nun● oblita mihi . And if Poetrie were of the deadly sinnes of their Casuists , I could smart for it in my 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 : Is this a fit scandall to ●ake vp from so farre ? What my proficiencie hath beene in serious studies , if the Vniuersitie and Church hath pleased to testifie : what neede I stand at the mercie of e a fugitiue . But if any of f his Masters should vndertake me in the cause of God , he should finde I had studied prose . As for these vaine flourishes of mine , if he had not taken a veny in them , and found it smart , he had not strooke again so g churlishly ? Was it my Letter that is accused of Poetry ? there is neither number , nor ryme , h nor fiction in it : Would the great Schoole man haue had me to haue packt vp a Letter of syllogismes ? which of the Fathers ( whose high steppes I haue desired to tread in ) haue giuen that example ? what were to be expected of a Monitorie Epistle which intended onely the occasion if he had pleased of a future discourse ? Wee I slanders i list not learne to write Letters from beyond the Pyrenees . Howsoeuer , I am not sorry that his scorne hath cast him vpon an aduersarie more able to conuince him ; I am allowed onely a looker on ; therefore I will neither ward nor strike ; his hands are too full of you : my onely wish is , that you could beare him sound againe ; whereof I feare there it little hope . There was neuer aduersarie that gaue more aduantage : hee might haue serued in th●se Coleworts neerer home . I professe I doe hartily k pittie him ; and so if it please you let him know from me . What Apostacie ( which is the onely hard word I can be charged with ) l impute to the Roman Church I haue professed to the world in the first Chapter of my Roma Irreconciliabilis : if I offend not in too much charitie , there is no feare : say what you will for me , I haue done , and will onely pray for him that answers me with contempt : farewell , and commend mee to Master Sotheby , and your other louing and reuerend Societie ; and know mee euer , Your truely louing friend and fellow labourer , IOS . HALL . Waltam . Ian , 10. 1615. Good Master Bedell , this Letter hath lien thus long by me for want of carriage . I now heare you are setled at Horningsherth . whereby I wish you much ioy . I am appointed to attend the Ambassador into France , whither I pray you follow me with your praiers . May 15. To my Reuerend and worthy friend Master Doctor HALL , at Waltham deliuer this . SAlutem in Christo. Good Master Doctor , this Letter of yours since my receipt of it , hath beene a traueller , further then you or I ; which being some moneths since returned into England , I returne to you that it may relate what entertainment it hath found in forraine parts . It is now a yeare and more that I receiued a Letter from Master Waddesworth , challenging an old debt of me , an answere to his Letters which occasioned this of yours . I wrote backe , and among other things enclosed this your Letter , which he hath censured as you see . His answere by reason of the sicknesse of the Gentleman that brought it , first at Paris , and after at Bruxels came not to me till the latter end of May , and now lately another I receiued from him , wherein he desires a Copie both of your Text and his Glosse , as he cals it , as hauing reserued none for haste . I haue not yet sent him my answere to his Motiues which hath long layen by me for lacke of leisure to copie it out , and meanes safely to conuey it , being well towards a quire of Paper . My auncient fault , tediousnesse . But the Gentleman that brought me his former Letter , hath vndertaken ere long to consigne it into his hands . Therein I endeauour to vse him with the best respect I can deuise , onely oppugning the Papacy and Court of Rome . Now Sir , that which I would entreate of you , is this : You know the Precept of the Apostle touching them that are fallen , lend me your hand to set him in ioynt againe . And be pleased not onely not to reflect vpon the weakenesse of his Glosse , but not so much as vpon the strength of his stomacke ● though that bee also weakenesse , as Saint Augustine well cals it , * infirmitas animositatis Writ a letter to him in the Character 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Which shall either goe with mine , or be sent shortly after . Who can tell what God may worke ? Surely , at least we shall heape coales of fire vpon his head . Although if all be true that I heare , it is not to be despaired but he may be deliuered out of the snare of error , the rather because he hath not that reward or contentment which he expected . He liues now at Madrid with the Persian Ambassador Sir Robert Sherly , and hath good maintenance from him , being as his Steward , or Agent . The kinde vsage of his ancient friends , may perhaps bring him in loue with his countrie againe , &c. This for that businesse . Now. &c. October 2 ▪ 1620. To the worshipfull my very good friend Master IAMES WADDESWORTH at Madrid deliuer this . Salutem in Christo Iesu. SIr , I receiued by Master Fiston your letters of the eight of Iune , and as I hope ere this time you vnderstand , the former which I mention in them : to which I wrote in answere , and deliuered the same to Master Aston the 15. of the same Moneth . Doctor Hals letter with your marginall Notes which in your last you require , I send you herein enclosed . Though if I may perswade or intreate you both , neither should the Text nor Glosse make you multiply any more words thereabout . Vpon the receipt of your Letter I spake with Master Aston , who told me that he held his resolution for Spaine , whereupon I resolued also to send by him mine answer to your first : as thinking it better to doe it more safely , though a a little later , then sooner , with lesse safetie . And here Sir at length you haue it . Wherein as to my moderation for the manner , I hope you shall perceiue that setting aside our difference in opinion , I am the same to you that I was when we were either Schollers together in Emmanuell Colledge , or Ministers in Suffolke . For the substance , I doe endeauour still to write to the purpose , omitting nothing materiall in your Letters . If sometimes I seeme ouerlong , and perhaps to digresse somewhat from the principall point more then was necessary , I hope you will pardon it , sith you required a full answere , and the delay it selfe had neede to bring you some interest for the forbearance . And because you mention the vehemencie of discreete Lawyers ( although me thinkes we are rather the Clients themselues , that contend , since our faith is our owne and our best freehold ) let me entreate of you this ingenuitie ) which I protest in the sight of God I bring my selfe . ) Let vs not make head against euident reason , for our owne credit , or fashion , and factions sake , as Lawyers sometimes are wont . Neither let vs thinke we loose the victory , when truth ouercomes . We shall haue part of it rather , and the better part , since errour the common enemy to vs both , is to vs more dangerous . For truth is secure and impregnable ; we , if our Errour be not conquered , must remaine seruants to corruption . It is the first praise , saith Saint Augustine , to hold the true opinion , the next to forsake the false . And surely that is no hard masterie to doe , when both are set before vs , if we will not be either retchlesse , or obstinate . From both which our Lord of his mercy euermore helpe vs , and bring vs to his euer lasting Kingdome . Amen . Horningshearth , Octo. 22. 1620. Your very louing Brother W. BEDELL . THE COPIES OF CERTAINE LETTERS , &c. Salutem in Christo Iesu. CHAP. I. Of the Preamble . The titles Catholique , Papist , Traytor , Idolater . SIr , I doe first returne you heartie thankes , for the truth and constancie of your loue , and those best effects of it , your wishing mee as well as to your selfe , and reioycing in my safe returne out of Italy . For indeede further I was not : though reported to haue beene both at Constantinople and Ierusalem , by reason of the neerness● of my name to one Master William Bidulph , the Minister of our Merchants at Aleppo , who visited both those places . I thanke you also , that your ancient loue towards mee , hath ( to vse that word of the Apostle ) now flourished againe , in that after so many yeeres , you haue found opportunitie to accomplish your promise of writing to mee : though not as ye vndertooke of the state of Religion there , yet which I confesse I no lesse desired , the Motiues of the forsaking that you had professed here . Whereof since it hath pleased you , as yee write , now to giue mee an account , and by me to Master Doctor Hall , with some expectation also as it appeares of reply from one of vs , I will vse the libertie which you giue me , and as directly as I can for the matter , and in Christian termes for the manner , shew you mine opinion of them , wherein I shall endeauour to obserue that Precept of the Apostle ; 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , whether it be to be interpreted , louing sincerely , or seeking truth louingly . Neither soothing vntruth for the dearnesse of your person , nor breaking charitie for diuersitie of opinion . With this entrance , my louing friend , and if you refuse not that old Catholike name , my deare brother , I come to your Letter . Wherein though I might well let passe that part which concernes your quarrell with Master Doctor Hall , with aetatem habet ; yet thus much out of the common presumption of charitie , which thinkes not euill , giue mee leaue to say for him , I am verily perswaded he neuer meant to charge you with Apostasie in so horrible a sense as you count , viz. a totall falling from Christian Religion , like that of Iulian , an obstinate pertinacy ●n denying the principles of the Faith necessarie to saluation , or a renouncing your Baptismee The terme Apostasie , as you know , doth not alwaies sound so hainously . A Monke forsaking his Order , or a Clerke his habit , is in the Decretals stiled an Apostata . Granatensis saith not vntruly , that euery deadly sinne is a kinde of Apostasie . The Apostle Saint Paul speaking of Antichrists times , saith , there must come an Apostasie before Christs second comming : and how this shall be he shewes elsewhere . Men shall giue heede to spirits of error , and doctrines of Deuils , and such as speake falsehood in hypocrisie● Whereby it seemes that Antichrist himselfe shall not professedly renounce Christ and his Baptisme . His Kingdome is a mysterie of iniquitie ; a reuolt therefore , not from the outward profession , but inward sinceritie and power of the Gospel . This kinde of Apostasie might bee that which Master Hall was sory to finde in you , whom hee thought fallen from the truth , though not in the principles of Christian doctrine , yet in sundry conclusions which the reformed Churches truely out of them maintaine . He remembred our common education in the same Colledge , our common oath against Popery , our common calling to the same sacred function of the Ministery , he could not imagine vpon what reasons you should reuerse these beginnings . And certainly , how weightie and sufficient soeuer they be , wee are not taught by our Catholicke religion to reuenge our selues , and render reproch for reproch with personall termes ; much lesse to debase and auile the excellent gifts of God , as is Po●sie , the honour of Dauid and Salom●n , by the testimony of the holy Ghost himselfe . These courses are forbidden vs when wee are reiled vpon , and calumniated ; how much more when as Saint Peter speakes , wee are beaten for our faults ; as it falls out in your case , if these motiues of yours be weake and insufficient ; which we shall anon consider . You say , you are become Catholicke . Were you not then so before ? The Creed whereinto you were baptized , is it not the Catholicke faith ? The conclusion ●ertes of Athanasius Creed , which is but a declaration thereof , saith , Haec est fides Catholica . Or is not he a Catholick that holds the Catholicke faith ? That which was once answered , touching the present Church of England , to one in a Stationers shop in Venice , that would needs know what was the difference betwixt vs and the Catholickes . It was told him none : for we accounted our selues good Catholicks . When he vnwilling to bee put of in his answer , for lacke of due forme in his question , pressed to know what was the difference betwixt vs and them there . He was a swered , This ; that wee beleeued the Catholicke faith conta●ned in the Creed , but did not beleeue the thirteenth Ar●●cle which the Pope had put to it . When he knew not of any such Article ; the Extrauagant of Pope Boniface was brought , where hee defines●● to bee altogether of necessitie to saluation , to euery humane creature to bee vnder the Bishop of Rome . This thirteenth Article , of the thirteenth Apostle , good Master Wadesworth , it seemes you haue learned , and to are become , as some now speake and write Catholike Romane . That is in true interpretation Vniuersall-particular● which because they cannot bee equalled , the one ●estraining and cutting off from the other , take heed that by streightning your faith to Rome , you haue not altered it , and by becomming Romane , left off to bee Catholike . Thus , if you say , our ancestors were all till of late yeeres . Excuse mee Sir , whether you call our ancestors the first Christian Inhabitants of this I le , or the ancient Christians of the Primitiue Church ; neither those , nor these were Roman-Catholikes ; Namely , the Fathers of the African Councell , and amongst these Saint Augustine : and therefore by Pope Boniface his sentence bee vndoubtedly damned for taking vpon them , by the Deuils instinct ( if wee beleeue another * Pope Boniface ) to waxe proud against the Church of Rome . Such Catholikes , if yee meane the most of Christendome be at this day . Beware of putting your selfe vpon that issue . Beleeue mee , either yee must frame a new Cosmography , yes , a new world , or else yee are gone if it come to most voyces in Christendome . Touching the names of Papist , Traytor , Idolater . The first is no mis-calling you , as comprizing the very character that difference●h you from all other Catholikes . Neither by our Rhemists aduice should you be ashamed of it , sith to be a Papist , by their interpretation is nothing else , but to bee a Christian man , a childe of the Church , and subiect to Christs V●car . The wise State of Venice haue a little different notion of their Papaelines , excluding from sundry their consultations vnder that name , such of the Nobilitie as are obliged to the Pope by Ecclesiasticall promotions . True it is that they apply it also to Papalines in faction , such as are superstitiously deuoted to the maintaining of all the Popes vsurped authoritie ; in which sense shope you are no Papist . A Traytor I am assured M●ster Doctor Hall will neuer call you , vnlesse hee know that you haue drunke so deepe of the Cup of error , as to beleeue the Pope ●y depose your Prince ; that you are not bound to obey him being so deposed ; that in that case , it is lawfull , yea meritorious to kill him ; that they are Mar●yrs that are executed 〈◊〉 plotting to blow him vp with Gun-powder , though vndeposed ; hoping it would bee no lesse agreeable to hi● Holinesse , then ( that which hee desired ) to haue kep● him from comming to the Crowne at first . If you be thus perfectly a Papist , not onely wee here in England , but I beleeue his Catholicke Maiestie , vnder whose obedience now ye liue , whensoeuer he should be that Prince , would account you a Traytor , and punish you accordingly . I hope you are farre from these furies . For Idolatry , if to giue diuine honour to creatures , deserue that name , consider how you can defend or excuse those prayers to the Blessed Virgin , Tu no● ab ●oste protege . & ●or â mortis suscipe . And to the Crosse , Augepus ●●stitiam re●sque dona veniam : I omit to speake of the Popes Omnipotencie . I hope also you keepe your selfe from this Idolatry . In Protestant religion , you say , you coui● neuer ●●nae V●●formitie of a settled Faith. How so ? when you had that same * one onely immoueable and vnreforma●ie ●nie of ●aith as Tertullian calls it , euery Lords day recited ●n your ●earing , if not by your mouth . I meane the Creea , of which Irenaeus * saith , that hee which is able to say much of 〈◊〉 exceeds it not , nor hee that lesse 〈◊〉 . which Saint Augustine cals the rule common to great and 〈◊〉 ; which mig●● well enough haue settled and quieted 〈◊〉 conscience . wh●lest you laboured to finde the truth in all doubtfull questions . Whereto how carefully and diligently you vsed the meanes of reading , studying , and praying for three or foure yeeres , God and your conscience best know . For conferring , I cannot yeeld you any testimonie , notwithstanding our familiaritie , and that we were not many miles asunder , and you were also priuie , that I had to doe in these controuersies with some of that side , and saw some sample of the worke . I come now to your motiues . CHAP. II. Of the Contrarietie of Sects pretanded to bee amongst Reformers . IN the front whereof is the comm●on exception , to our contrar●etie of sects and opinions , &c. First , what are all these to the Church of England , which followeth none but Christ ? Then , if it be a fault of the reformed Churches , that there is strife and diuision amongst them , as who will iustifie it ; yet let it finde pardon , if not for Corinths sake , and the Prim●tiue Churches what time Themistius was faine to excuse it with an Oration to Valens the Emperour , yet euen for Romes : where also you cannot but know , that in very many and most important points , Diuines hold one thing and Canonists another ; The French , and lately also the Venetian Diuines , resist to his face , him , that others say no man may bee so hardie as to aske , Domine cur ita facus ? though he should draw with him innumerable soules to hell . Your Spanish Prelates and Diuines , would neuer acknowledge in the Councell of Trent ( the mysteries whereof are come out at last ) that Episcopall authoritie was deriued from him , nor consent to that circum●enting clause Proponentibus Legatis , &c. and were strong that residence is , de iure diuino ; howsoeuer they were ouerruled by the Italian faction : whether they haue yet changed their mindes , you can better tell then I. The old faction of the Thomists and Scotists is yet a foot , as I perceiue by Rada his Controuersies . In the beginning whereof the Censor of the Booke hath this sentence . Qua prop●er audiendi nullatonus sunt , qui has Theologicas contentiones è medio omnino expl●dendas arbitrantur . There is another lately risen betweene the Dominicans and the Iesuites ; both in as great matters , and pursued with as great vehemencie , as those of the reformed Churches , excepting onely a few fierie spirits of Saxony . But in the Church of England , as reformation was not brought in by any one man , but by the ioynt consent of the whole , so it is yet continued . Lutherans , Zuinglians , Caluinists , are not knowne among vs , saue by hearesay . Whereof it is some signe , that your selfe doe not know them well , as it seemes , when you distinguish them from Protestants . A name first giuen to the Princes and free Cities of Germany , that sought reformation in the Diet at Spire , Anno 1529. and from them passed to vs and other Countries where it was effected . Who are then Protestants , if the Lutherans and Zuinglians bee not ? For of both these there were in that Diet ; the Heluetians and parts adioyning of Germany , hauing beene reformed at home , first by the preaching of Zuinglius ; the Saxons , and the remnant of Luther . Who much about one time and without any correspondence , began to oppose the Popes Indulgences , and differed not for ought that euer I could yet vnderstand , saue in the manner of Christs presence in the Eucharist . Yea , in that also taught vniformely , that the bodie and bloud of our Sauiour are present ; not to the Elements , but to the receiuer , in the vse , and without Transubstantiation . As for those whom you call Caluinists ; and the rest Puritanes , Cartwrightists , and Brownists , tell mee in good sooth , Master Wadesworth , how doe they differ from the reformed Churches in Helueti● , or the Church of England , saue in the matter of gouernment onely ? See th●n all this contrarietie of Sects meetly well reconclled . For Puritanes , Cartwrightists , and Brownists , are in substance of Doctrine all one with Caluinists , and these with Zwinglians , who were of the first Protestants , and differ litle or nothing from those whom yee call Lutherans . Whereof this may bee a sensible proofe , that commonly their Aduersaries and your selfe after call them by the same name , the Protestant Churches in Germanie , France , Holland , and Geneua . And Pope Leo the tenth in his condemnatorie Bull ; and likewise Charles the fifth in his Imperiall Edict , doe reflect wholly vpon Luther and his followers , without any mention of the other at all . To conclude this matter ; as it is vndoubtedly a signe of a good minde to dislike contention , and diuersities of opinions , and it may haue pardon to apprehend sometimes more then there is indeed ; like to the melancholike old man in the Comedie , whose suspition makes him to multiply on this manner . Qui mihi intromisisti in aedes quingentos coquos , so to muster vp emptie names , without any reall difference , as Pur●tans , Cartwrightists , Brownists ; to make differences in a few opinions about Gouernment or Sacraments , Sects and contrarieties , hath not the character of ingenuous and sincere dealing , which from you Master Waddesworth , I did and doe expect . But some of these damne each other , auouching their Positions to be matters of Faith , not Schoole questions of opinion only . Here indeed there is fault on all sides in this Age , that we cannot be content with the bounds which the ancient Church hath set , but euery priuate opinion must be straight-wayes an Article of Faith. Euery decision of a Pope , euery Decree of a Councell . And then as men are easily enamored of their owne conceits , and as Gerson wisely applies that of the Poet , Qui amant sibi somnia fingunt ; as if the very marrow of Religion consisted in those points , those that thinke otherwise are Heretikes , and in state of damnation . The Roman faction goes further , to Fire and Faggot , and all exquisite torments , as if those things that make against the Papacie , were more seuerely to bee punished then the blasphemies of the Iewes , or Mahumetisme it selfe . I doe not excuse the reformers of this bitternesse , wherein after your departure out of England , my namelesse Aduersarie that vnder-tooke Master Alablasters quarrell , giuing me ouer in three of his demands , ran riot in the first , about this point of opposition among our selues , and raked together all the vehement speeches of Luther , and some of his followers , against those whom they call the Sacramentaries . Why , who will vndertake to defend Lutbers speeches , or all that falls from contentious pens ? But euen out of those testimonies , which himselfe brings for the worst that hee could on the contrarie part ; it appeares , this eagrenesse is not mutuall . And in truth , both we in England , and the Helue●ians , and French , doe maintaine a brotherly affection towards them of Saxonie , how spitefully soeuer some of them write of vs. And euen of those whom he calls Lutherans , as I perceiued while I was at Norimberg , the moderater sort are alike affected towards vs. But as touching the auouching our opinions to be matters of Faith ( which exception is common to you with him ) that which I should haue answered him , if I had found in him any thing but spite and scorne , I will say now to you . Verily in some sort euen the least conclusions in Diuinitie are matters of Faith. For both Faith hath to doe with them , and they are fetched by discourse , from the first Principles holden by Faith , whence our whole Religion is called by Saint Iude , the Faith once deliuered to the Saints . And the least error in them , by consequence ouerthrowes the same principles whence they are deduced . That makes some , to mooue attention in their Readers to say , The questions are not about small matters , but of the principall Articles of Religion , euen about the foundation . As Cu●aeus whom he cites , saith , the question is of two Articles of Faith. First , of that which teacheth that in Christ two natures are vnited . Secondly , of the Article , He ascended into Heauen . Why ? doe not both sides agree to these ? Yes . But one side fetches arguments against vbiquitie from these places , and thereupon saith , the question is about these Articles ; perhaps also chargeth the other to denie them . Hee cites Pappus writing thus , Agitur inter nos de Omnipotentia Dei , &c. The controuersie betwixt vs , is about the Omnipotencie of God. The personall vnion of the two natures in Christ. The communication of properties . The glorious body of our Sauiour , &c. Loe againe , euery place of argument or defence is made the matter of Controuersie . Out of these and such like confessions on either side , my namelesse Aduersarie will needes enforce , with great pompe and triumph ; what thinke yee ? That such sanctified men ( this is his scoffing language ) goe not together by the eares for Moon-shine in the water . Againe , That all those Myrmidonian fights and bloudie encounters bee not de lanâ Caprinâ aut de vmbrâ asini — Why , who said they were ? I will set downe here my wordes , that you may iudge of the conscience of this man , and haue with all the substance of my answere to this obiection . And what if some outragious spirits on each side , trans●ported with passion in their oppositions , haue vsed most bitter and vnbeseeming speeches to their Aduersaries , and sometimes haue shewed each other small humanitie ; are you so simple as not to discerne betweene the choller of some few opinionate men , and the consequence of their opinions ? Haue you forgotten Saint Hierome and Ruffinus deadly foe-hood , which was rung ouer the world ? or Epiphanius and Chrysostomes , or Victors and the Greeke Bishops ? which proceeded so farre about a trifle , that hee excommunicated them ; which is little lesse I thinke then to condemne to the pit of Hell. And yet if I should put it to your iudgement , I am perswaded you would grant they held all truth necessarie to saluation . For you must remember Pope Boniface had not yet coyned the new Article of the Faith , that I mentioned before . What shall I speake of Saint Paul and Barnabas , which grew to such bitternesse , and that about a very little question of conueniency , that though they were sent out together by the Holy Ghost , they brake off companie . These be humane passions , which wisedome would we should pittie , when they grow to such extremities , vpon so small cause ; rather then from their outrage to gather there is iust cause to encrease . Doe we not see that euen naturall brethren doe sometimes defie one another , and vse each other with lesse respect then strangers ? Now from hence would you conclude they bee not brethren ; and hearten them on , and say to the one , that sith his halfe brother is not so neere to him , as he with whom he is thus at oddes , hee must fall out worse with him . You should well so deserue the hate of God , for a make-hate betweene brethren . These were all my wordes set downe in answere to his obiecting our owne contentions and condemning each other , to proue that therefore we could not hold continuitie with the ancient Church of England , from which we dissented much more . I held as you may perceiue , that neither amongst our selues , nor from our predecessors wee disagree in any truth necessarie to saluation . Hee makes me to say , our dissentions are about Moone shine , and de vmbrâ asini , & de la●â caprinâ , and tr●fles , and matters of no consequence . To returne to you , good Master Waddesworth , let men auouch as confidently as they will touching their owne positions , Est de Fide. N●hil certius apud Catholicos , and of their contraries crie out . They are Heretikes , renew ancient heresies , race the foundation , denie the Articles of the Creede , Gods ●●●ipoteney , &c. all because themselues by discourse , can ( as they thinke ) fasten such things vpon them : A sober Christian must not giue heede to all that is said in this kinde . These things must be examined with right iudgement , and euer with much charitie , and patience , remembring that our selues know in part , and prophesie in part . In a word● this should not haue so much disquieted you . Nor yet that which you adde , That euery one pretends Scripture . Best of all , saith Saint Chrysostome , For if wee should say we beleeue humane reasons , thou mightest with good reason 〈◊〉 troubled , but when as we receiue the 〈◊〉 , and they bee simple and true , it will 〈…〉 thing for 〈◊〉 to i●dge , &c. And to what purpose indeed serues the facultie of ●●●son perfected and polished with learning ? wherefore the supernaturall light of Faith ? wherefore the gift of God in vs Ministers con●erred by the imposition of hands ? but 〈◊〉 which side handles the Word of God deceitfully , which sincerely . But here againe , Each side arrogates the Holy Ghost in his fauour . What then ? If wee our selues haue the anointing , we shall be able as we are bidden to trie the spirits , whether they bee of God or no ? For wee will not b●leeue them , because they say they haue the Spirit , or cannot bee deceiued , but because their Doctrine is consonant to the principles of heauenly Truth , which by the writings inspired by himselfe , the Holy Ghost hath grauen in our hearts . Which writings are well acknowledged by you , to be the Law and Rule , according whereunto , in iudgement of Religion we must proceede . CHAP. III. Of the want of a humane externall infallible Iudge and Interpreter . AS to that you say , did about all trouble you , the want of a certaine humane externall infallible Iudge to interpret Scripture , and define Questions of Faith without error . What if you found not an externall humane Iudge , if you had an internall diuine one ? And hauing an infallible Rule by which your humane Iudge should proceede , why should you trust another mans applying it , rather then your own , in a matter concerning your owne saluation ? But i● God haue left vs no such externall Iudge , if Antiquitie knew 〈◊〉 , if Religion neede none , it was no iust motiue to leaue vs , that you could finde none , amongst all those Sects which 〈…〉 . And how much lesse if you haue 〈…〉 amended your selfe where you are ; which we shall consider by and by ? I say then first , that to make this your motiue of any moment , it must be shewed , that God hath appointed such a Iudge in his Church . Let that appeare out of some passage of holy Scripture . For your conceit or desire that such a Iudge there should be , to whom you might in conscience obey , and yeeld your selfe , because he could not err● , doth not proue it . You would know the Truth , onely by the authoritie , and sole pronouncing of the Iudges mouth . A short and easie way , which to most men is plausible , because it spares the paines of studie and discourse . To such especially , as either out of weaknesse dare not trust their owne iudgement , or account it shall haue the merit of humilitie , to bee led by their Teachers . But what now if God will haue you call no man your Father vpon earth ? If he will send you to his Word ? and after you haue receiued the Faith by the Churches testimonie out of the easie and plaine places thereof , bid you search the Scriptures , to finde the Truth in the remnant , and pick it out by your owne industrie . The rich man being in hell torments ( in whose wordes I doubt not but our Sauiour doth impersonate and represent the conceits of many men liuing in this world ) presumes that if one were sent from the dead his Kinsmen would hearken to him , but he is remitted to Moses and the Prophets . The Iewes as I perceiued by speech with some of them at Venice , make it one of their motiues , that our Lord Iesus is not the Christ. He should not , say they , haue come in such a fashion , to leaue his owne Nation in doubt and suspence ; and scandalize so many thousands ; but so as all men might know him to be what he was . Miserable men ! that will giue lawes to God. Of which fault be you a ware also ( good Master Waddesworth ) and be content to take , not to prescribe the meanes by which you will be brought vnto the knowledge of the Truth ▪ to vse what hee hath giuen , not to coniecture and diuine what he must giue . But God failes not his Church in such meanes as be necessarie . Let vs therefore consider the necessitie of this Iudge . Where I beseech you consider ( for I am sure you cannot but know it ) that all things necessary to saluation are euidently set downe in holy Scripture ? This both the Sciptures themselues doe teach , and the Fathers auouch , namely Saint Augustine and Saint Chrysostome , and others . I forbeare to set downe their words , or further to confirme this Lemma , which I proued at large against another aduersarie , and shall at all times make good if it be questioned . Besides these points , there are a great manie other though not of such necessitie , yet euidently laid downe also in the same Scriptures , by occasion of them . Manie by iust discourse may be cleared from these , and the former . If any thing yet remaine in suspence , and vnknowne , yea or if you will erred in , so it be not wilfully and obstinately , yet shall it be euer without perill of damnation to him that ▪ receiueth what the holy Ghost hath plainely deliuered . What necessitie then of your imaginarie Iudge ? Yes ▪ for Vnitie is a goodly thing , not onely in matters necessarie , but vniuersally in all . Controuersies must not bee endlesse . But how comes it to passe then that your Iudge , whosoeuer hee be , doth not all this while decide the question touching the Conception of the Blessed Virgin , that is betweene the Dominicans , and Franciscans , nor that betweene the Dominicans and Iesuites touching Grace and Free-will ; and all other the points that are controuerted in the Schooles ; to spare contention and time ( a precious commoditie among wise men ) and giue this honour to Diuinitie alone , that in ●t all doubts should be reduced to certainties ? Or if it seeme no wisedome to bee hastie in deciding such questions ; wherein wittie and learned men are engaged , least in stead of changing their opinions , they should fall to challenge not onely the infallibilitie , but which were more dangerous the authoritie of their Iudge : If it be thought better to leaue scope to opinions , opposition it selfe profitably seruing to the boulting out of the truth . If vnitie in all things bee as it seemes despaired of , by this your Gellius himselfe ; why are wee not content with vnitie in things necessary to saluation , expresly set downe in holy Scripture : and anciently thought to suffice , reseruing infallibilitie as an honour proper to God speaking there ? Why should it not be thought to suffice , that euery man hauing imbraced that necessarie truth , which is the rule of our faith , thereby trie the spirits whether they be of God or no. If hee meete with any that hath not that doctrine , receiue him not to house , nor salute him . If consenting to that , but otherwise infirme or erring , yet charitably beare with him . This for euery priuate man. As for the publike order & peace of the Church , God hath giuen Pastors and Teachers , that we should not bee carried about with euery winde of doctrine , and amongst them appointed Bishops , to command that men teach no other or forraine doctrine , which was the end of Timothy his leauing at Ephesus , 1. Tim. 1. 3. Then , the Apostles themselues by their example , haue commended to the Church the wholsome vse of Synodes , to determine of such controuersies as cannot by the former meanes be composed ; but still by the holy Scriptures , the Law or Rule , as you say well , by which all these Iudges must proceede . Which if they doe not , then may they be deceiued themselues , and deceiue others as experience hath shewed , yet neuer bee able to extinguish the truth . To come to Antiquitie . There is not any one thing belonging to Christian Religion , if wee consider well , of more importance , then how the puritie of the whole may bee maintayned . The Ancients that write of the rest of Christian Doctrine , is it not a miracle , had they knowne any such infall●ble Iudge , in whose Oracle the securitie of all , with the perpetuall tranquillitie of the Church is contayned , they should say nothing of him ? There was neuer any Age wherein there haue not beene heresies , and sects ▪ to which of them was it euer obiected that they had no infallible Iudge ? How soone would they haue fought to amend that defect , if it had beene a currant doctrine in those times , that the true Church cannot bee without such an Officer ? The Fathers that dealt with them , why did they not lay aside all disputing , and appeale them only to this Barre ? Vnlesse perhaps that were the let which Cardinall Bellarmine tells the Venetians , hindered Saint Paul from appealing to Saint Peter , l●st they should haue made their Aduersaries to laugh at them for their labour . Well : howsoeuer the Cardinall hath found out a merrie reason for Saint Paules appealing to Caesars iudgement , not Peters , lest hee should expose himselfe to the laughter of Pagans : what shall wee say when the Fathers write professedly to instruct Catholike men , of the forepleadings and aduantages to bee vsed against Heretikes , euen without descending to triall by Scriptures ? or of some certaine generall and ordinarie way to discerne the Truth of the Catholike Faith from the prophane nouelties of heresies ? Had they knowne of this infallible Iudge , should wee not haue heard of him in this so proper a place , and as it were in a cause belonging to his owne Court. Nay , doth not the writing it selfe of such bookes shew , that this mattter was wholly vnknowne to Antiquitie ? For had the Church beene in possession of so easie and sure a Court to discouer and discard heresies , they should not haue needed to taske themselues to finde out any other . But the truth is , infallibilitie is , and euer hath beene accounted proper to Christs iudgement . And as hath beene said , all necessarie Truth to saluation hee hath deliuered vs in his Word . That Word , himselfe tells vs , shall iudge at the last day . Yea , in all true decisions of Faith , that Word euen now iudgeth , Christ iudgeth , the Apostle sits Iudge ▪ Christ speakes in the Apostle . Thus Antiquitie . Neither are they moued a whit with that obiection : That the Scriptures are often the matter of Controuersies . For in that case the remedie was easie which Saint Augustine shewes to haue recourse to the plaine a places , and manifest such b as should need no interpreter : for such there bee , by which the other may bee cleered . The same may be said , if sometimes it be questioned , which bee Scriptures , which not . I thinke it was neuer heard of , in the Church , that there was an externall infallible Iudge , who could determine that question . Arguments may be brought from the consent or dissent with other Scriptures , from the attestation of Antiquitie , and inherent signes of diuine authoritie , or humane infirmitie : but if the Auditor or Aduersarie yeeld not to these , such parts of necessitie must needes be laid aside . If all Scripture be denied ( which is as it were exceptio in iudicem ante litis contestationem ) Faith hath no place , onely Reason remaines . To which I thinke it will scarce seeme reasonable , if you should say , though all men are liers , yet this Iudge is infallible ; and to him thou oughtest in conscience to obey and yeeld thy vnderstanding in all his det●rminations , for hee cannot erre . No not if all men in the world should say it . Vnlesse you first set downe there is a God , and stablish the authoritie of the bookes of holy Scripture , as his voyce , and thence shew if you can , the warrant of this priuiledge . Where you offi●me , the Scriptures to be the law and the rule , but alone of themselues cannot bee Iudges ; if you meane , without being produced , applied , and heard ; yee say truth . Yet Nicodemus spake not a●isse , when hee demanded , Doth our law iudge any man , vnlesse it heare him first ? hee meant the same which Saint Paul , when hee said of the high Priest , thou sittest to iudge me according to the law : and so doe we when wee say the same . Neither doe wee send you to Angels , or God himselfe immediately , but speaking by his spirit in the Scriptures , and ( as I haue right now said ) alledged , and by discourse applied to the matters in question . As for Princes , since it pleased you to make an excursion to them , if wee should make them infallible Iudge , or giue them authoritie to decree in religion as they list , as Gardiner did to King Henry the eight , it might well bee condemned for monstrous , as it was by Caluin , As for the purpose , Licere Regi interdicere populo vsum calicis in Coena , Quarè ? Potestas . 〈◊〉 . summa est penes Regem , quoth Gardiner . This was to make the King as absolute a Tyrant in the Church , as the Pope claimed to bee . But , that Princes which obey the truth , haue commandement from God , to command good things , and forbid euill , not onely in matters pertaining to humane societie , but also the religion of God , this is no new strange doctrine , but Calums , and ours , and S. Augustines , is so many words . And this is all the Head-ship of the Church wee giue to Kings . Whereof a Queene is as well capable as a King , since it is an Act of authoritie , not Ecclesiasticall Ministery ; proceeding from eminencie of power , not of knowledge , or holinesse . Wherein not onely a learned King , as ours is ; but a good old woman ( as Queene Elizabeth , besides her Princely dignitie was ) may excell as your selues confesse , your infallible Iudge himselfe . But in power hee saith , hee is aboue all : which not to examine for the present , in this power Princes are aboue all their subiects I trow ; and Saint Augustine saith plainly , to command and forbid , euen in the religion of God , still according to Gods Word , which is the touchstone of good and euill . Neither was King Henry the eight , the first Prince that exercised this power , witnesse Dauid , and Salomon , and the rest of the Kings of Iudah before Christ , And since that Kings were Christians ▪ the affaires of the Church haue depended vpon them , and the greatest Synodes haue beene by their Decree , as Socrates , expresly saith . Nor did King Henry claime any new thing in this Land , but restored to the Crowne the ancient right thereof , which sundry his predecessors had exercised as our Historians and Lawyers with one consent affirme . The rest of your induction of Archbishops , Bishops , and whole Clergie in their Conuocation house , and a Councell of all Lutherans , Caluinists , Protestants , &c. is but a needlesse pompe of words , striuing to win by a forme of discourse , that which gladly shall bee yeelded at the first demand . They might all erre , if they were as many as the sand on the sea shoare , if they did not rightly apply the rule of holy Scriptures , by which , as you acknowledge the externall Iudge , which you seeke , must proceed . As to your demand therefore , how you should be sure when , and wherein they did , and did not erre ; where you should haue fixed your foot ? to forbeare to skirmish with your confirmation ( That though , à posse ad esse non valet semper consequentia , yet , aliquando valet : & , frustra dicitur potentia quae nunquam dueitur in actum . ) To the former whereof I might tell you , that without question , nunquam valet : and to the second , that I can verie well allow , that errandi potentia , among Protestants be euer frustra . This I say freely , that if you come with this resolution to learne nothing by discourse , or euidence of Scripture , but only by the meere pronouncing of a humane externall Iudges mouth , to whom you would yeeld your vnderstanding in all his determinations : if , as the Iesuites teach their Schollers , you will wholly deny your owne iudgement , and resolue , that if this Iudge shall say , that is blacke , which appeares to your eyes white , you will say it is blacke too ; you haue posed all the Protestants ; they cannot tell how to teach you infallibly . Withall I must tell you thus much , that this preparation of minde in a Scholler , as you are , in a Minister , yea in a Christian , that had but learned his Creed , much more that had from a childe knowne the holy Scriptures , that are able to make vs wise to saluation , through the faith that is in Christ Iesus , were too great weakenesse , and to vse the Apostles phrase childishnesse of vnderstanding . But at length you heard a sound of harmony and consent , that in the Catholike Church , as in Noahs Arke was infallibilitie , and possibilitie of saluation ; which occasioned you to seeke out , and to enter into this Arke of Noah . The sound of consent and infallibilitie is most pleasing and harmonious , and vndoubtedly euer and onely to bee found in the Catholike Church , to wit , in the rule of Faith , and in the holy Scriptures , and such necessarie doctrine as perfectly concordeth with the same . But as in song many discords doe passe in smaller notes , without offence of the eares , so should they in smaller matters of opinion in the Church , without the offence of iudicious and charitable mindes . Which yet I speake not to iustifie them ; nay , I am verily of the minde , that this is the thing that hath marred the Church musicke in both kindes , that too much libertie is taken in descant to depart from the gound , and as one saith , notae nimium denigrantur . The fault of the Italians : though they thinke themselues the onely songsters in the world . But to returne to you , tell me , I beseech you ( good Master Wadesworth ) was this the harmonie that transported you . The Pope himselfe saith , I cannot erre , and to mee thou oughtest to haue recourse for decision of doubts in matters of faith . And whereas this is not onely denied by Protestants , but hath beene euer by the French , and anciently I am sure by the Spanish , lately by some Italian Diuines also , vnlesse hee vse due meanes to finde the truth ; yea , whereas it is the issue of all the Controuersies of this age ; in this snare you fastned your foot , this was the Center that settled your conscience , this the solid and firme foundation of your faith . What ? and did it not moue you , that some limit this infallibilitie of the Pope thus , if hee enter Canonically , if hee proceed aduisedly , and maturely , vsing that diligence that is fit to finde out the truth ; that is ( as you said before ) proceeding by the rule , the Scriptures ? Albeit to the Fathers of the African Councell it seemed incredible ( as they write in their Synodall Epistle to P. Coelestine standing for appeales to himselfe ) that God can inspire the right i● t●iall to one , denying it to many Bishops in a Councell . Tell vs then , who made you secure of these things ? or did you in truth , neuer so much as make question of them , but hearing this harmonious sound ; The Pope is the infallible Iudge , you trusted the new Masters of that side , Gregory de Valentia , and Bellarmine , that whether the Pope in defining doe vse diligence or no , if hee doe define , hee shall define infallibly . Alas Sir ! if this were the rest you found for the soale of your foot , instead of moueable water , you fell vpon mire and puddle ; Or rather like to another Doue mentioned in Scripture , columba seducta non habens cor , by the most chaffie shrap that euer was set before the eyes of winged Fowle , were brought to the doorefall . Excuse my griefe , mixed I confesse with some indignation , but more loue to you , though I thus write . Many things there be in Poperie inconuenient , and to my conceit weakely and vngroundedly affirmed , to say no more ; but this is so absurd and palpably a flatterie , as to omit to speake of you , for my part I cannot bee perswaded that Paulus the fifth beleeues it himselfe . For consider I pray , what needed anciently the Christian Emperours , and sometimes at the request of the Bishops of Rome themselues , to haue gathered together so many Bishops from so diuers parts of the world to celebrate Councells , if it had beene knowne and beleeued then , that one mans sentence might haue cleered all controuersies , and put all heresies to silence ? How durst sundrie holy , and learned men haue reiected his decisions , whether right or wrong is not now the question , vnchristianly out of doubt on their parts , if hee had beene then holden the infallible Oracle of our religion ? As when Polycrates , with the Bishops of Asia , and Irenaeus also yeelded not to Victor , excommunicating the Easterne Churches about the celebration of Easter , when Saint Cyprian , with the first Councell of Carthage of eightie sixe Bishops had decreed , that such as were baptized by heretickes , should bee rebaptized , and certified Stephanus of this Decree , and he opposed it , and would haue nothing innouated , would Cyprian after that haue resisted and confuted Stephanus his letter , had he knowne him for infallible ? And how doth hee confute him ? as erring , writing impertinently , contrarie to himselfe . Yea , let it bee obserued , that hee doth not onely not account Stephanus infallible , but not so much as a Iudge ouer any Bishop . See the Vote of Cyprian , and note those wordes . Neque enim quisquam nostrum Episcopum se esse Episcoporum constituit , an t tyrannico terrore ad obsequendi necessitatem collegas suos adigit , quando habeat omnis Episcopus pro licentia libertatis & potestatis suae , arbitrium proprium , tanquam iudicari ab alio non possit cum nec ipse possit alterum i●dicare . Sed exspectemus vniuersi iudiciū Domini nostri Iesu Christi , qui vnus & solus habet potestatē & praeponendi in Ecclesiae suae gubernatione , & de actis nostro iudicandi . A passage worthy to bee noted also , for the cleering of the independence of Episcopall authoritie from the Pope , which I now let passe . Neither was Saint Cyprian herein alone : Firmilianus , and the Easterne Bishops , resisted Stephanus no lesse , as appeares by his Epistle , which in the Romane edition of Manutiu● ▪ set forth by the command of Pius the fourth , with the suruey of foure Cardinalls , whereof one is now a Saint , with exquisite diligence ; is wholly left out . And Pamelius saith hee thinkes purposely , for himselfe is of the minde that it had beene better it had neuer come forth . But to returne to our purpose . The Fathers of the Councell of Africke , and Saint Augustine amongst them , resist three Popes succeeding each other , Zosimus , Boniface , and Coelestinus , about appeales to Rome ; shall we thinke they would euer haue done it , if they had knowne or imagined them to be the supreme and infallible Iudges in the Church ? I let passe the Schisme betweene the Greeke and the Latin Church , which had not happened , if this doctrine had beene anciently receiued . Nay , it is verie plaine in storie , that the Bishop of Romes lifting vp himselfe to bee Vniuersall Bishop chiefly caused it . To conclude , neither Liberius , nor Honorius , to omit many other Bishops of Rome , had euer beene taxed of heresie , if this had anciently beene currant , that the Pope is infallible . I will not stand now to examine the shamefull defence that Bella●mine makes for the latter of these , bearing downe Fathers , Councells , Stories , Popes themselues , as all falsified or deoeiued herein . Wherein because hee is learnedly refuted by Doctor Raynolds , I insist not vpon it . This I presse , that all those Writers and Councels , and amongst them Pope Leo the second accursing Honorius , did not then hold , that which by Pighius and the Iesuites is vndertaken , that the Pope is infallible . Euen the Councell of Basil , deposing Eugenius ( for obstinately resisting this truth of the Catholike faith , That the Councell is aboue the Pope ) as an Heretike , doth shew the sense of Christendome euen in these latter times how corrupt soeuer , both in rule , and practice . And because you make this infallible Iudge to be also an infallible Interpreter of holy Scripture , how happens it that Damasu● Bishop of Rome consults with Hierome about the meaning of sundrie Texts of Scripture , when it seems himselfe might haue taken his pen , and set him downe quickly , that which should haue taught both him and the whole Church , not onely without danger but euen possibilitie of error ? Sure wee are little beholding to the diligence of our Ancestors , that haue not more carefully registred the Commentaries ( or because they haue had for sundrie Ages small time to write iust Commentaries ) the expositions which in their Sermons , or otherwise the Bishops of Rome haue made of holy Scripture . A worke which if this Doctrine were true , were more worth then all the Fathers ; and would iustifie that blasphemie of the Canon Law , where by a shamefull corruption of Saint Augustine , the Decretals of Popes are inrolled amongst the Canonicall Scriptures . I am alreadie too long in so plaine a matter : yet one proofe more which is of all most sensible . Being admonished by this your conceit of an infallible Interpreter , I chanced to turne ouer the Popes Decretals , and obserued the interpretation of Scriptures . What shall I say ? I finde them so leud , and cleane beside the purpose , yea oftentimes so childish & ridiculous , both in giuing the sense , and in the application , that I protest to you in the presence of God , nothing doth more lothe me of Poperie , then the handling of holy Scripture by your infallible Interpreter alone . Consider a few of the particulars , and especially such as concerne the Popes owne authoritie . To iustifie his exacting an oath of fealtie of an Archbishop , to whom he grant● the Pall , is brought our Lord Iesus Christ who committing the ●are of his Sheepe to Peter , did put too a condition , saying , Sid diligis me pasce oues meas . Christ said , if thou louest me feede my sheepe ; Why may not the Pope say , If you will sweare me fealtie , you shall haue the Pall. But first hee corrupts the Text : Christ said not , If thou louest mee : Then , Christ puts not Peters loue as a condition of feeding , but feeding as a proofe and effect of his loue . And if the feeding of Christs sheepe were sought , loue to him and them might suffice to be professed , or if he would needs haue more then Christ required , to be sworne . What is this to the oath of fealtie ? Straight after to the obiection , that all oathes are prohibited by Christ , nor any such thing can bee found appointed by the Apostles after the Lord , or in the Councels , he vrges the wordes following in the Text , Sweare not at all ; quod ampli●s est à malo est , that is saith hee , Euill compels vs by Christs permission to exact more . It is not euill to goe from the Popes obedience ? to condemne Bishops without his priuitie ? to translate Bishops by the Kings commandement ? See the place , and tell me of your Interpreters infallibilitie . Treating of the translation of Bishops , or such as are elected vnto other Sees , hee saith : That since the spirituall Bands is stronger then the carnall , it cannot be doubted but Almightie God hath reserued the dissolution of the spirituall marriage that is betwixt a Bishop and his Church , to his owne iudgement alone ; charging that whom God hath ●oyned man seuer not . For it is not by humane but rather diuine power that spirituall marriage is dissolued , when as by translation or cession by the authoritie of the Bishop of Rome ( whom it is plaine to bee the Vicar of Iesus Christ ) a Bishop is remoued from his Church . An admirable interpretation of the Text , Quos Deus coni●nxit ! by which the Pope not onely challengeth that which is proper to Gods iudgement onely , as hee saith , viz. to dissolue the bond of spirituall wedlock ; but because that is the stronger , of ●arnall it seemes also ; when it shall please him . The anointing of a Prince since Christs comming is translated from the head to the shoulder , by which Principalitie is fitly designed , according to that which is read , Factus est principatus super humorum eius ; for signifying also whereof , Samuel caused the shoulder to be set before Saul . Who should euer haue vnderstood these Texts , if your infallible Interpreter had not declared them ? But this is nothing yet to the exposition of those Texts which the Pope interprets in his answere to the Emperor of Constantinople , as Subditi estote omni humanae oreaturae propter Deum , &c. He tells him that Saint Peter wrote that to his owne Subiects , to prouoke them to the merit of humilitie . For if he had meant thereby to lay the yoke of subiection vpon Priests , it would follow that euery seruant were to rule ouer them , since it is said , omni humanae creaturae . After , Iris not barely set downe , Regi praecellenti , but there is put betweene , perhaps not without cause ; tanquam ; And that which followes , ad vindictam malefactorum , laudem vero bonorum , is not to bee vnderstood that the King or Emperor hath receiued the power of the sword vpon good and euill men ; saue onely those who vsing the sword are committed to his iurisdiction according to that which the Truth saith , They which take the sword shall perish with the sword . For no man ought or can iudge anothers seruant , since the seruant according to the Apostle standeth or falleth to his owne Lord. For the loue of God consider this interpretation , and compare it with Saint Chrysto●e vpon Rom. 13. Nay doe but reade the Text attentiuely , and iudge of the infallibilitie of your Interpreter . Straight after hee tells the Emperor , that hee might haue vnderstood the prerogatiue of Priesthood out of that which was said , not of euery man but of God , not to the King but to the Priest , not to one descending of the Royall stocke but of the Priestly linage of the Priests , to wit , which were in Anathot . Behold , I haue set you ouer nations and kingdomes , to pull vp , and destroy , to build and to plant . See the prerogatiue of the Priesthood out of Ieremies calling to bee a Prophet . O if hee had beene high Priest ! This had beene a Text for the nonce . But hee goes on . It is said in Gods Law also , * Dijs non detrabes , & Principem populi tui non maledices . Which setting Priests before Kings cals them Gods , and the other Princes . Compare this exposition with Dauids and Paules , Psal. 82. and Act. 23. 5. and yee shall see how the Interpreter hath hit the marke . Againe , yee ought to haue knowne , quod fecit Deus duo magna luminaria , &c. See the exposition , and the difference betweene the Pope and Kings both in the Text and Glosse . Now although the Glosse writer were no excellent Calculator , yet out of Clauius the account may bee cleared : who tells vs the Sunne exceedes the Moone 6539. times and 〈◊〉 I let passe the collection out of Pasce oues meas , that ●e belongs not to Christs fold that doth not acknowledge Peter and his Successors his Masters and Pastors : out of Quodcuinque ligaueris , that nothing is excepted . Indeed the Pope excepts nothing , but looseth Vowes , Contracts , Oathes , the bond of Allegeance and Fealtie betweene Subiects and their Princes : The Commandement of Christ , Drinke yee all of this , &c. But our Lord expounds himselfe , Iohn 20. Whose sinnes yee remit , they are remitted , &c. Ex ore sedentis in throno procedebat gladius his acutus . This is , saith the Pope , the sword of Salomon , which cuts on both sides giuing euery man his owne . Wee then who albeit vnworthy bold the place of the true Salomon , by the fauour of God , doe wisely exercise this Sword , when such causes as in our audience are lawfully canuassed , wee doe with iustice determine . This interpretation first corrupts the Text , for it hath not , out of the mouth of him that sate on the Throne , but that sate on the Horse ; next , it peruerts it , for it is not the sword of Iustice but of Christs Word , which is more piercing then any two-edged sword that issueth out of his mouth . As for that of Iustice , he neuer assumed it , but renounced it rather , when hee said . Man who made mee a diuider to you ? Luk. 12. 14. To proue that in other Regions besides the patrimonie of the Church , the Pope doth casually exercise temporall iurisdiction , it is said in Deuteronomie , Si difficile sit & ambiguum , &c. And because Deuteronomie is by interpretation ●he second Law , Surely by the force of the Word it is proued , that what is there decreed should bee obserued in the New Testament . For the place which the Lord did choose is knowne to bee the Apostolike See. For when as Peter fleeing went out of the Citie , the Lord minding to call him backe to the place hee had chosen , being asked of him , Lord whither goest thou ? answered , I goe to Rome to bee crucified agai●e . The Priests of the Tribe of Leus are the Popes coadiutors . The high Priest or Iudge , he to whom the Lord said in Peter Quodcunque ligaueris , &c. His Vicar who is a Priest for euer after the order of Melchisedeck , appointed by God the Iudge of quicke and dead . He that contemnes the Popes sentence is to bee excommunicated , for that is the meaning of being commanded to be put to death . Doth not this well ●ollow out of the word Deuteronomie ? And Rome is the place that Christ did choose , because he went , he said , to bee crucified there . Onely there is a scruple of the high Priest , for as much as he that is high Priest after Melchisedecks order 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 hath a Priesthood that passes not into another , Heb. 7. He addes there , that Paul that hee might declare the fulnesse of power , writing to the Corinthians saith : Know yee not that yee shall iudge the Angels ? how much more the things of the world ? Is this then the Popes plenitude of Power , to iudge secular things ? or was Corinth the Apostolike See , and so many Popes there euen of the meanest of the Church ? What shall we say to that exposition of the famous Text. T●● es Petrus & super ha●● petram a edificabo Ecclesiam mea● : The Lord ( he saith ) taking peter i●to the fellowship of the vndiuided Vnitie , would haue him to bee called that , which hee was himselfe , that the building of the eternall Temple might by the maru●llous gift of God consist in Peters firmenesse . What is this vndiuided Vnitie ? Not of the Trinitie , I trow , or Natures in Christ. What then ? his office ? of which hee said a little before out of the Apostle , that no man can lay any other foundation but Iesus Christ. Yes : that from Peter as a certaine head hee should as it were powre abroad his gifts into his whole body . That the Church might stand vpon Peters firmenesse . This foundation Saint Paul knew not , when hee blamed I am of Ceph●s . Peters infirmitie cannot beare vp the weight of such a building , much lesse ( which we must remember the Romanists vnderstand by this Iargon ) the Papes his Successors . Such another interpretation is that of Pope Boniface , that makes Vnum Ouile & vnus Pastor , the Church and the Pope . But it is plaine our Sauiour alludes to the prophesies , Ezek. 34. 23. & 37. 24. where the Lord cals that one Pastor his seruant Dauid . What blasphemie is this , thus to vsurpe Christs Royalties ? What Father , what Councell , what Catholike man euer interpreted this Text on this manner ? By which the Pope while hee seekes the name of the Sheepherd , shuts himselfe out of Christs fold ? Yea the same Pope cals the Church his Spouse also , and so other Popes since . Saint Iohn the Baptist tels them , that he that hath the Bride is the Bridegroome . Saint Paul prepared her to one husband Christ , If shee bee the Popes Spouse with her will , shee is a Harlot : if against her will , hee is a Rauisher , and our Lord Iesus Christ will deliuer her out of his leud embracements , crying out of the violence which shee suffers , as it is to be hoped shortly . That in the Churches power are two swords , the spirituall and temporall , we are taught by the wordes of the Gospell , saith the same Boniface . For when the Apostles said , Behold , there be two swords here ( to wit , in the Church ) when the Apostles spake thus , the Lord answered not that is was too much , but enough . Certainly , hee that denies the temporall sword to be in Peters power , doth ill obserue the speech which our Lord vtters , Put vp thy sword into the sheath . No doubt an infallible interpretation ; by which it should appeare that both the swords that were in our Sauiours companie , hung by Saint Peters side , or else that some other had the spirituall , leauing none to Saint Peter , but that which he might not vse . The exposition is Saint Berenards , you will day , But in an Epistle paraeneticall to the Pope himselfe ; Saint Bernard might haue leaue to vse allusions , and after his manner to bee liberall of all that the See of Rome challenged , that he might haue the more authoritie to reforme the abuses of it . As to grant Peter the temporall sword , but so , as hee must not vse it . Quid tu gladium denno vsurpare tentes , quem semel iussus es ponere in vaginam ? and he shews how these two swords bee the Churches . The one to bee drawne out for the Church , the other also by the Church . This by the Priests , that by the Souldiers hand , but at the beck of the Priest , and bidding of the Emperor . But the Pope in a Decretall Epistle , pretending to teach the world , in a point as he pronounces necessarie to saluation , with such an interpretation as this ; argues little reuerence to the Word of God , and a very meane opinion of the iudgements and consciences of christen men , if they could not discerne this to be a strangers voice , not Christs . Besides that , he changes Saint Bernards wordes , and cleane peruerts his meaning . For , exerendus , he puts in exercendus . For , ille Sacerdotis , is militis manu , sed sanè ad nutum Sacerdotis & iussum Imperatoris . Pope Boniface thinking iussum to absolute in the Emperor , makes him to bee the executioner and ioynes him with the Souldier , on this manner . Ille Sacerdotum , is manu Regum & Militum sed ad nutum & patientiam Sacerdotis . Saint Bernard makes the executiue power to be in the Souldier , the directiue in the Priest , the commanding in the Emperor . Pope Boniface makes the Kings and Souldiers to haue only the executiue , the directiue & permissiue to be in the Priest. Yea sword , he saith , must be vnder sword . For where the Apostle saith , There is no power but of God , que autem sunt , à Deo ordinata sunt ; more fully in the originall text , the powers that are , are ordained , that is , appointed of God : the Interpreter here dreames of order and subordination , and cities a saying of Dionysius , that the lowest things are reduced to the highest by the middlemost ; a conceit that makes nothing to the purpose of the Apostle in that place . Hee proceeds and tells vs , that of the Church and power Ecclesiasticall , is verified the prophecie of Ieremy . Behold I haue set thee this day ouer Kings and Kingdomes , &c. Tell me , good Master Wadesworth , what is to peruer● the Scriptures , if this bee not , to apply to the power Ecclesiasticall , that which is spoken of the word and calling Propheticall ? Yet more , The earthly power , if it swerue out of the way shall bee iudged of the power spirituall , but if the spirituall , that is lesser ; of that which is superiour to it . But if the highest , it may bee iudged of God onely , not of man , the Apostle witnessing the spirituall man iudgeth all things , but himselfe is iudged of none . Wee are come at length , as it were to the fountaines of Nilus to the originall of the infallibilitie of your Iudge ; and if hee haue here rightly interpreted Saint Paul , we learne that no earthly power , no Magistrate is a spirituall man , vnlesse hee bee one of the Popes spiritualtie . For these be Saint Pauls spirituall men , that iudge all things . Yet this must receiue limitation . For no man may iudge the Pope , the supreme Spirituall man , for of him it seemes Saint Paul meant it , his authoritie hee saith is not humane , but diuine , by the diuine mouth giuen to Peter , and his successors , when the Lord said to him , Quodcunque ligaueris . For conclusion , whosoeuer resists this power thus ordered of God , resists the ordinance of God , vnlesse as Manichaeus he faine two beginnings : which ( saith hee ) wee iudge to bee false and hereticall , sith by Moses record , not in the beginnings , but in the beginning God created Heauen and Earth . Who would not acknowledge the diuine authoritie and infallibilitie of your Interpreter , both in confirming his purpose , and conuincing heresies from so high a beginning , as this first sentence of holy Writ ? What rests now , but after so many testimonies he inferre ▪ Furthermore , to be vnder the Bishop of Rome we declare , say , define , and pronounce that to euery humane creature it is altogether of necessitie of saluation . Thus saith your infallible Iudge and Interpreter of Scripture , the center of your conscience , and foundation of your Faith , not as a priuate Doctor , but as Pope , in his owne Law , intending to informe and bind the Church , and that in matters with him of the greatest importance that may bee , touching his owne authoritie , and as hee pretends absolutely necessarie to saluation , to all the sonnes of Adam . I might heape vp many more , but these may suffice for a sample . You may ( and so doe by your selfe I beseech you ) obserue these kind of interpretations in other points also , and in other the Decretals & Breues of Popes ; which as I heare , are lately come forth in great volumes . You shall finde many mysteries in your faith , that perhaps you know not of , as , a That you cannot please God because you are married : for so is that place of the Apostle interpreted , qui in carne viuunt Deo placere non possunt . That not onely the wine in the Chalice , but the water also is transubstaniated first into wine , then into Christs bloud . That it was b not watry moisture , but the true element of water which issued out of Christs side . You shall finde c confession of sins to the Priest , proued by the text , Corde creditur a'd iustitiam , ore autem fit confessio ad salutem . d That the good ground , that receiued the seed in the Gospel , is the religion of the Friers Mi●●rs . e That this is that pure and immaculate religion with God and the Father , which descending from the Father of lights , deliuered , exemplariter & verbaliter , by the Sonne , to his Apostles , and then inspired by the holy Ghost , into Saint Francis aud his followers , containes in it selfe the testimony of the Trinitie . This is that , which as Saint Paul witnesseth , no man must be troublesome vnto , which Christ hath confirmed with the prints of his Passion . The text is , f decaetero nemo mihi molestus sit , ego . n. stigmata Domini Iesu in corpore nemo porto . It is maruell , if Saint Paul were not of the order of Saint Frances . That when Christ said , * Ecce ego vobiscum sum omnibus diebus , hee meant it of remaining and being with them euen by his bodily presence . Saint Augustine vpon the same text denies this , and saith , that according to the presence of his body hee is ascended into heauen , and is not here . That g. the Father of the childe christened , and his Godfathers wife may not marry , because , according to the Lords word , the husband ▪ and the wife are made one flesh by marriage . h That the number of Foure , doth well agree to the degrees prohibited in corporall marriage , of which the Apostle saith , The man hath not the power of his owne body , but the woman , nor the woman power of her body , but the man , because there are foure humours in the body , which consist of the foure Elements . For conclusion , you shall finde it by a commodious interpretation concluded , contrarie to many texts of Scripture , out of Scripture it selfe , that i no simple and vnlearned man presume to reach to the subtility of the Scripture , because , well it was enacted in the law of God , that the beast which should touch the mountaine should be stoned . For it is written , Seeke not things higher then thy selfe . For which cause the Apostle saith , Be not more wise then it behooueth , but be wise to sobrietie . One thing more also you shall finde , that now adayes this spirituall man and sole infallible interpreter of Scripture , seldome interprets Scripture , or vses it in his Decretalls and Br●●es , Nay the stile of his Court hath no manner of smack or sauour of it . A long compasse of a sentence , intricate to vnderstand , yea , euen to remember to the end , full of swelling words of vanitie , with I know not how many ampliations and alternatiues ; after the fashion of Lawyers in Ciuill Courts , not of sober Diuines , much lesse of the Spirit of God in his Word . Some man would perhaps thinke this proceeds from an affectation of greatnesse , and the desire of retaining authoritie , which seemes to bee embased by alledging reason , or Scripture , and interpreting texts . For my part , I account it comes as much from necessitie . For it is notorious , that neither the Popes themselues , nor those of the Court the Secretaries and Dataries , which pen their Bull and Breues , haue any vse or exercise in holy Scripture , or soundnesse in the knowledge of Diuinitie , or skill in the originall tongues , wherein Gods Word is written ; all which are necessarie to an able Interpreter . And therefore it is a wise reseruednesse in them , not to intermedle with that wherein they might easily fault ; especially in a learned age , and wherein so many watchfull eyes ate continually vpon them . And to this very pouertie and cautelousnesse I do imp●te it , that the present Pope in his Breues about the Oath of Alleageance , vseth not aword of Scripture : But tells his faction , that they cannot without most euident and grieu●us iniury of Gods honour take the Oath , the tenor whereof hee sets downe word for word ; and that done , addes . Quae cum ita sint , &c. Which things ( saith hee ) since they bee so , it must needs be cleere vnto you out of the wordes themselues , that such an oath cannot bee taken , with the safetie of the Catholike faith , and of your soules , sith it containeth many things which are apparantly contrary to faith and saluation . Hee instances in no one thing , brings neither Scripture nor reason , but a Quae cum ita sint , without any premisses . Which loose and vngrounded proceeding , when as it is occasioned the Arch-Priest here , and many other of that side , to thinke those letters forged , or gotten by surreption ; hee sends another of the same tenor , with this further reason . Haec aut●● est mera pura , integraque volunt as nostra . This is now to be more then an Interpreter , euen to be a Lord ouer the faith of his followers , to make his will a reason . What would ye haue him doe ? to alleadge a better he could not , a weake and vnsufficient one he was ashamed , hee thought it best to resolue the matter into his sole authoritie . Whereby he hath proued himselfe a fallible both Iudge and Interpreter , yea a false witnesse against God and the truth ; commanding by the Apostle Christian men to be subiect , and to giue euery man their dues , feare to whom feare , honour to whom honour ; and much more ( if there be any difference ) allegiance to whom allegiance . CHAP. IIII. Of the state of the Church of England , and whether it may be reconciled with Rome . BVt of your interpreters infallibilitie enough . Your next doubt , whether the Church of England were of the true Church or no , was resolued with a Paralogisme , partly by reason of equi●ocation , and diuers acception of the tearmes the Church , and to erre , partly by composition and diuision in the connexion of these by those Verbes [ can , or may . ] Let vs examine the seuerall parts of your Syllogisme . The Proposition . The true Church cannot erre , is confirmed by the consent of all . Excuse me Sir , if I withhold my consent , without some declaration and limitation . I say first it must bee declared whether you meane the Catholike Church , or a atrue part of the Catholike Church . For there is not the like reason of these to error . Against the Catholike Church , hell gates shall not preuaile ; against particular , when Christ doth remoue the Candlesticke out of his place , they doe . Witnesse the Churches of Africke , sometimes most Catholike . And thus it seemes you must take this tearme , since your doubt was whether the Church of England be of the true Church or no , Besides , I must desire to know , what manner of errours you meane ; whether euen the least , or onely deadly , and such as barre from saluation , which the Apostle cals 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , heresies of perdition , 2 Pet. 2. 1. Take now your owne choise ; for if you speake of euery errour , the proposition is false , euen of the Catholike Church , much more of any particular Church . Yea , I adde further , not onely of the Catholike Church by denomination from the greatest part , or by representation , as the Pastors or Prelates thereof met in a Councill , which is still the mixt Church , but euen that which is Christs true body , whereof he is the Sauiour , and which shall be with him for euer . As for deadly and damnable errors , this true and properly called Church , both in the whole and euerie part of the mixt Church , is yet priuiledged from them finally : for it is kept by the power of God to saluation , it is not possible the Elect should thus be seduced . Truth it is , that by such errors particular visible assemblies , vniuersally and obstinately defending them , become falsely called Churches , from which wee are to seperate our selues . Example in the Synagogue , and in Churches of the Arians . Now let vs see your Assumption . But the Church of England , head , and members , King , Clergie , and people , yea awhole Councell of Protestants may erre by your owne grant . I answer , the Church of England that is the Elect in the Church of England , which onely are truely called the Church , can neuer deadly erre . This no Protestant will grant yee . The mixt Church of England , head , members , King , Clergie , and the residue of the people , and a whole Councell of Protestants , may erre damnably , and therefore much more ●all into lesser errors . This they grant . And if they shall so erre obstinately , they shall deseruedly loose the name of a true Church . But they denie they doe thus err ; yea they denie that they erre de facto , at all . What followes in conclusion ? Ergo , No true Church . This shortnesse in suppressing the verbe , would make a man thinke you ment to couer the fault of your discourse . And indeede you might by that meanes easily beguile another , but I cannot be perswaded you would willingly beguile your selfe . Sure you were beguiled , if you ment it thus . Ergo , it is no true Church . See your Argument in the like : A faithfull witnesse cannot lye . But Socrates or Aristides may lye by his owne grant . Ergo , no faithfull witnesse . He that stands vpright cannot fall : but you Master Waddesworth by your owne grant may fall , Ergo , stand not vpright . Perhaps your meaning was , Ergo , it may become no true Church , to wit , when it shall so erre damnably . But then it followes not , There is now no saluation in it , and therefore come out of it now . When you shew that , I shall account you haue done wisely to goe out of it . Shew that in anie one point , and take me with you . In the meane while , for my part , I shall sooner trust that chapman that shall say to me , Loe here is a perfect yard , I will measure as truely as I can , and when I haue done take the yard and measure it your selfe ; then him that shall say here is thus much , yee shall not neede to measure it , but take it on my word : yea though one of his Apprentices should stand by and say , he could not deceiue mee though hee would ; as Benedictus a Benedictus , tels the present Pope , Volens nolens errare non potes . Where you relate , your endeauour to defend the Church of England , and tell of the Puritanes reiecting those Arguments you could vse from the authoritie of the Church , and of the ancient Doctors interpreting Scriptures against them , flying to their owne arrogant spirit : I cannot excuse them for the former , nor subscribe to your accusation in the latter . Perhaps you haue met with some more fanaticall Brownists or Anadaptists , whom here you call Puritans . But these that are commonly so called , which differ from the Church of England about Church gouernment and ceremonies onely , giue indeede to little to the authoritie of men , how holy , learned , or ancient soeuer . Which is their fault , and their great fault , especially in matters of this nature ; yet they flye not to their owne spirit as you charge them . That which you adde that you perceiued the most Protestants did frame the like euasions when you came to answere the Arguments against them on the other side ; when you shall shew this in particulars , I shall beleeue it . In the meane while I beleeue you thought so ; for commonly mediocrities are aggrauated with the hatred , & slandered with the names of both extreames . But in the question betweene the Popish faction and vs , you might easily haue discerned why the argument from bare authoritie , is not of such validitie . For ceremonies and matters of order may be ordered by wise men , & are not the worse , but the better if they be ancient , yea if they be common to vs with Rome , which Puritans will by no meanes allow . In doctrin , if holy men , yea if an Angell from heauen shall innouate any thing , wee are not to admit it . Now the controuersies betweene the Romanists and vs , are most about doctrine , and they exceede as much in extolling the authoritie of the ancients in their priuate opinions and incommodious and strained speeches , as the Puritans in depressing them . We hold the meane , and giue as much to the authoritie and testimonies of the Fathers , as may stand with the truth of holy Scriptures , and as themselues deferre to the writing of others , or require to be giuen to their owne . Next you tell , of your following their opinion who would make the Church of England and the Church of Rome still to be all one in Essentiall points , and the differences to be accidentall . Confessing the Church of Rome to be a true Church , though sicke , or corrupted , and the Protestants to be derined from it , and reformed . This opinion is not onely as you write fauoured of many great Schollers in England , but is the common opinion of all the best Diuines of the reformed Churches that are or haue beene in the world , as I shewed in part of another worke , which as I remember you had a sight of . Wherein yet I feare you mistake the tearme , accidentall , which doth no● import that our differences are but sleight and of small confideration , but that all those opinions and abuses which we reforme and cut off , are not of the Faith , but superfluous and ●oraine , yea hurtfull and noisome to it , as the weedes are to the corne , which ouer-grow and choake it . And to follow this similitude , the state of the Church vnder the Romane obedience , and that part which is reformed , is like a field ouergrowne all with weedes , thistles , tares , cockle : some part whereof is weeded and clensed , some part remaines as it was before ; which makes such a difference to the view , as if it were not the same corne . But being better considered , it will be found all the difference is , from the weedes , which remaine there , and here are taken away . Yet neither here perfectly , nor all where a like , but ac●ording to the industrie of our weeders , or conueniencie of the worke , with care of the safetie of the good corne . By this Parable , you may see what is to be hoped of your labour to reconcile most of our particular controuersies . For although I doubt not but in some it may be performed , where the difference is rather verball then reall ; and in the manner of teaching , rather then in the substance of doctrine . And if moderate men had the matter in handling the flame of contention in a great many more might be troden downe and slaked , suppose the sparkes not all extinct ; yet in some other , it is as possible to make the weede and corne-friends , as your and our opinions ; where there is none other remedy but that of our Sauiour , Euery plant that my heauenly Father hath not planted , shall be rooted out . Neither doth this impossibilitie arise more out of the nature of the things , then the affection of the persons . For the Pope and the Court of Rome , which are those that domineere on that side , doe no lesse out of the feare of their owne ruine deadly detest all reformation , then the reformed out of their present view and former feeling , the tyrannie of the Papacie , which they see doth excommunicate , and put to cruell death all that are of this way . And which is a prodigious thing , where they tolerate the blasphemous and professed enemies of Christ , euen with allowance of the publike exercise of their Religion , there doe they burne men professing Christs religion , according to the ancient and common rule thereof , with that vprightnesse of conscience , that if they had as many liues as there be Articles thereof , they would giue them all rather then renounce any of them . As for the Protestants making the Pope Antichrist , I know it is a point that inrageth much at Rome . But if the Apostle Saint Paul , if Saint Iohn in the Reuelation , describe Antichrist so , as they that doe but looke vpon the Pope well , must be forced to say as the people did of the blinde man in the Gospell , some , this is ●e ; others , he is very like him ; if himselfe and his flatterers doe , and speake such things , as if all others should hold their peace , doe in a sort proclaime , I am he ; what can the Protestants doe with the matter ? I will take the liberty here to relate to you , what I saw while I was in Venice , the rather because it is not impertinent to our present purpose . And though perhaps you may haue heard somewhat of it , yet the particulars are I suppose vnknowne in those parts . And yet it doth more import they were knowne there then otherwhere , being occasioned by a subiect of the Crowne , though of a name and family whereto it is not much beholding . In the yeare 1608. F. Thomas Maria Carafa , of the order of the Friers Preachers , Reader of Philosophy in Naples , printed a thousand Theses to be disputed thrice ; once at Rome in the Church of Saint Marie super Mineruam , twice in Saint Dominickes at Naples . Of these fiue hundred were in Logicke , Naturall Philosophy , Metaphysicke , and Mathematickes ; fiue hundred more in Diuinitie , amongst which that was one . Solus Petrus & success●res in totam Ecclesiam illimitatam iurisdictionem habent . These were all included in the forme of a Tower , and dedicated with an Epistle to the present Pope Paulus the fift , to whose armes alluding he saith , idem Draco biceps qui vtrumque polum amplexus imperio ad Ecclesiae pomoerium tanquam ad amaenissimos Hesperidum hortos peruigil excubat , nullius Herculis vim metuens , turris etiam mea sit custos . On the top of his Tower , was this representation curiously and largely cut . An Altar , with two Columnes , and their ornaments , according to the rules of Architecture . In the middest for the Altar peece was the Popes picture , very liuely portraied to the breast . Ouer his head was the word , Vultu portendebat imperium . Aboue on the toppe of the front , in three compartiments his armes thus . On the one side the spread Eagle alone , the word Ipse mihi fert tela pater . On the other a Dragon , and by it Meliora seruo . In the middest both together in one scutchion with the crosse Keyes and triple crown in the crest . On either side of these colums were depending Crownes and Scepters , whereof sixe were on the right hand after the Christian fashion . The Imperial aboue , other vnderneath , and lowest the Corno of the Duke of Venice , so they call a certaine Cap the Prince vseth to weare being of Gold Embroderie , and somewhat resembling a horne . There were also Turkish Turbanes , and Diadems of diuers fashions , as many on the left side . By these on either side of the columnes , were two of the foure parts of the world . Europe and Afrike on the one , Asia and America on the other , in the habite of Ladies sitting vpon their proper beasts couchant , each offering vnto him that was aboue the Altar of their commodities , Corne , Fruits , Incense , &c. On the base of the columne on the Christian and Europaean side , was the word , Et erunt Reges nutritij tui . On the other , Vultu in terram demisso puluerem pedum tuorum lingent , Esai . 49. Agreeable whereto there was made flying ouer their heads two Angels , on each side , one with these sentences in their hands . That ouer Europe and Africk ; Gens & regnum quod non seruierit illi , in gladio & in fame , & in peste visitabo super gentem illam ait Dominus , Hier. 27. That ouer Asia and America : Et dedit ei Dominus potestatem & regnum , & omnes populi ipsi seruient : potestas eius potestas aeterna quae non auferetur & regnum eius quod non corrumpetur , Dan. 7. Now iust vnderneath the picture of the Pope , on the foreside of the Altar , was this inscription , PAVLO V. VICE DEO CHRISTIANAE REIP. MONARCHAE INVICTISSIMO ET PONTIFICIAE OMNIPOTENTIAE CONSERVATORI ACERRIMO . The Copies of these Theses were sent as Nouelles from Rome , and did the more amuse men at Venice , because of the controuersie that State had with the Pope a little before , and the seeing their Dukes Corno hanged vp among his Trophees , vnder all other Princes Crownes . But most of all the new title Vice-Deo , and the addition of Omnipotencie gaue matter of wonder . The next day it was noised about the Citie , that this was the picture of Antichrist ; for that the inscription P A V 5 L 50 O V. 5 V 5 I 1 C 100 E-D 500 E O , contayned exactly in the numerall Letters the number of the beast in the Reuelation 666. What anger and shame this was to the Popish faction , I leaue it to you to esteeme . But whom could they blame , but themselues , who had suffered so presumptuous and shamelesse a flatterie to come forth , with publike approbation , annexing also so blasphemous an inscription , as vnawares to them by the prouidence of God , should so plainly characterize Antichrist ? But to heale vp this matter againe , not long after we had fresh newes went about , that Antichrist was borne in Babylon , had done many miracles , was comming toward Christendome with an Armie . Wee had an Epistle stampt at Venice , pretended to bee written at Rome , An. 1592. by the Reuer . D. Valentinus Granarensis touching the birth of Antichrist his stocke , progenie , countrie habitation , power , maruels , life , and death , out of the holy Scriptures , and Fathers , printed Cum priuilegio . And as for the Title Vice-Deus , as if they would haue it in despite of all men : one Benedictus à Benedictis a subiect of the Venetian State , setting out a Booke against Doctor Whitakers position , De Antichrist● , at Bologn● ( for at Venice it was not suffered to bee printed ) reuiues it with aduantage . Hee dedicates it thus , Paulo Quinto Pontifici Vniuersalis Ecclesiae Oecumenico , summo totius Orbis Episcopo atque Monarchae & supremo Vice-Deo . These Titles he heapes vpon the Pope againe , and againe , and that yee may iudge of his wit by one place , in the conclusion , exhorting Doctor Whitakers to repentance ; hee tels him , that by his example his King , and with the same King Iames the first , many Englishmen , conuertentur ad Dominum Deum , & ipsius loco ad Vice-Deum confugient . And pag. 135. hee saith of Gregorie the Great . Totum mundum quasi Monarcha ac Vice-Deus optimè & irreprehensibiliter rexit , &c. Hee might haue learned of him , that his other Title Oecumenicus Pontifex , is the very name of Antichrist , the name of blaspheme , by which hee doubts not to presage , that Antichrist was neere , and an Armie of Priests readie to attend vpon him . In this if euer in any thing , it seemes your Iudge was infallible . It will bee said here , it is not in the Popes power what his followers will say of him , he stiles himselfe the Seruant of Gods Seruants . If the Canonists will call him , Our Lord God the Pope , first , it may be denyed . Secondly , it may be laid to the ouer-sight of the Writers or Printers . Thirdly , if it bee shewed to bee left standing still in the Glosse of the Canon Law , by them that were appointed to ouer-see and correct it , what maruell if one word escaped them , through negligence , or wearinesse , or much businesse ? And yet if they thought the sense of the word not so vsuall indeed in the ordinarie talke of Christians , but not differing from the custome of Scripture was to bee allowed to an ancient Writer , the matter deserues not such outcryes . But the Pope , such is his modestie , neuer vsurped this Title full of arrogancy , neuer heard it with patient eares . To this , let it first bee considered , that the Censors of such things as come to the Presse , are not to bee imagined such Babes , as not to know what will please or displease his Holinesse . Especially in writings dedicated to himselfe , a man may be sure they will allow nothing the second time , and after some exception and scandal taken at it , but what shall bee iustified . How much more in the Popes owne Towne of Bologna , and when his Chaplaine could not bee allowed to print it at home . But to let all these goe ; wee may haue a more sensible proofe how the Pope tastes these Titles . That which hee rewards hee approues : Benedictus was shortly after made for his paines Bishop of Caorli . How worthily hee deserued it you shall iudge by his booke ; which at my request vouchsafe to reade ouer , and if there be any merit , you shall sure get great meede of patience in so doing . That you may not doubt of the Popes iudgement concerning these Titl●s , you shall further know , that the matter being come to the knowledge of the Protestants in France , and England , made them talke and write of it broadly , namely the Lord of Plessis , in his Mysterium iniquitatis , and the Bishop of Chichester in his Tortura Torti . This gaue occasion to the Cardinall Gieurè , to relate in the Officio Santo at Rome of the scandall taken hereat , and to make a motion , De moderandis titulis . It was on foot sundrie moneths . At last the Pope reuoking it to himselfe , blamed those that had spoken against these Titles , and said , they were no whit greater then the authoritie of S. Peters Successor did beare . To returne thither whence I haue a litle digress●d . In the question whether the Pope bee the Antichrist or no , for my part I despaire of all reconciliation . For neither doth there appeare any inclination at all in the Pope to reforme any thing in Doctrine or Gouernment , nay he encroacheth daily more and more vpon all degrees euen among his owne subiects , and resolues to carry all before him at the brest , with his Monarchy and infallibilitie . On the other side , the Reformers partly emboldned with successe , partly enforced by necessitie , chiefly tyed with band of conscience , and perswasion of truth , are not like to retract what they haue affirmed in this behalfe , and whatsoeuer their differences be in other things , in this point they haue a maruellous vn●tie amongst them . These in France hauing beene molested for calling the Pope Antichrist haue beene occasioned ( as I haue heard ) some few yeares since to take it into their Confession , thereby to iustifie themselues accor●ing to th' Edicts of Pacification giuing them libertie to pro●esse their Religion . In England as you know it is no part of the doctrine of our Church , yet a commonly receiued opinion . Howbeit this is so farre from hindering , that the reformed Chu●ches and those which heretofore were , or at this present are vnder the Popes obedience be one Church , that is , all members of the Catholike ; that the Protestants without this cannot make good the other . For Antichrist must sit in the Temple of God , and that is in the Church , as Chrysostome and Theophylact interpret it , and Gods people could not be commanded to goe out of Babell , if he had none there . CHAP. V. Of the safenesse to ioyne to the Roman being confessed a true Church by her opposites . BVt you concluded hence , that seeing many of the best learned Protestants did grant the Church of Rome to be a true Church , though faultie in some things ; and contrarily not onely the Romanists , but Puritanes , Anabaptists , and Brownist denie the Church of England to be so , therefore it would be more safe and secure to become a Roman Catholike , &c. This discourse hath a pret●e shew at the first blush , and perhaps was vsed to you since your comming to Spaine , as it was to some there before . At my comming to Venice I fell vpon certaine letters and reports , set forth as it was told me by F. Posseuine , and not vnlike by his mindefulnesse to all occasions to aduance the credit of his societie . Amongst them there is one said to be a true Relation of the manner how M. Pickering Wotton was conuerted to the Catholike Roman faith , indited as it is said and subscribed by himselfe before his death . In which by a certaine Father of the companie of Iesus an Englishman by nation , the like discourse was vsed , as it is said , to him . That hee should consider well , that he and other Protestants did not denie that the Catholikes might be saued in their faith , whereas all the Catholikes that either liued at the present , or euer were , hold it as a most certaine Article of Faith , that the Protestants and other heretickes cannot be saued out of the Catholicke Church ; therefore if he should become a Catholike , he should enter into that way which was safe , by the consent of both parts . This consideration be saith moued him not much then . But after praying to God , as he was also aduised by that Father , to direct him into the right way , if hee were out of it , suddenly hee saw a certaine light very clearely before his eyes in forme of a crosse . Whereupon incontinently there was offered vnto him such a heape of reasons and arguments by which was shewed that the Catholike faith is the onely way of saluation , and that of the Protestants on the contrarie most absurd and abominable , that most euidently he was conuinced , without any the least doubt . And these reasons which then offered themselues to him , were for the most part such as hee did not remember that he had euer heard them in all his life . Thereupon with vnspeakeable ioy he called backe the Father , told him what had hapned , praied him to heare his confession , and he examining him vpon all the heads of the Catholike religion , which he most firmely and entirely beleeued , heard his confession , &c. But this narration deserues little credit . First creating Master W●tton for the greater glorie of their triumph a Baron ▪ vnlesse the Fathers in Spaine , or Posseuine in Italie haue a ●acultie to create Barons . Next it is a very improbable thing that Master Wotton dying of a Calenture should haue so good a memorie , as to indite so exact and artificiall a Narration , with such formalitie , and enforcements in fit places , as any Reader of vnderstanding must needes perceiue , came out of a diligent forge , and needed more hammering and fyling then so . But that of all other is most Legendlike , that howsoeuer this motiue of yours is vsed , yet it is not made the effectuall inducement , but a heape of reasons in the twinkling of an eye , and causing him not onely to beleeue in the grosse , but to be able to giue ac●ount of all the heads of the Catholike religion ( that is all the points of controuersie at this day , betweene the Romists and the reformed Churches ) in a fit of an Ag●e , in the twinkling of an eye ? Excuse mee : this is beyond the blinde begger that recouered his sight at Saint Albans that could tell the names of all colours as soone as hee saw them . What then ? Was not Master Wotton reconciled ? and saw he not a light in forme of a crosse ? Yes : and this your motiue was vsed to him also , and perhaps moued him more then all the heape of reasons besides . But shall I tell you here what I haue heard from the mouth of one that was himselfe then in Spaine , that both could know the truth of this matter , and had no reason to tell me a lye , sith what hee said came freely from himselfe , without feare , or hope , or almost enquirie ? The Gentleman being sicke , and weake in his braine , the Father that Posseuine tels of , brought vnder his gowne a picture , and vpon a sudden presented it before him : this might be the light in forme of a crosse ( perhaps a very image of Christ crucified ) which together with the lightnesse of his fancie , occasioned that your motiue though it selfe also very light , might carrie him : as a little weight is able to sway much , where the beame it selfe is false . If this be true ( as I take the liuing God to record I faine no thing , but doe relate what hath beene told me ) as on the one side I doubt not , but God in his mercie did interpret of the Gentlemans religion , according to his right iudgement and perswasion in his health , and not according to the erronious apprehension of his fancie in his sicknesse ( which euen in his best health was euer very strong in his sleep ) as some that haue conuersed with him haue tolde mee : So on the other side , they shall bea●e their iudgement whosoeuer they were , that would with so cru●ll a craftinesse take aduantage of his infirmitie , and make his storie after a stale to draw on others . As for the heape of Arguments to conuince the Protestants faith to bee absurd ( that must bee by the way the Articles of the Creed ) Posseuines Catholike Hyperboles are well enough knowne in Venice , and hee hath beene there told to his head , That if in things past , whereof hee might haue beene informed , hee proues a most lying Historian , it might more easily fall out , that hee should proue a most false and ridiculous prophet in things to come . And in truth he hath proued so hitherto . Wherefore , I reckon these garnishments of Master Wottons peruersion , to bee like the rest of his newes , touching the Conquest of Moscouia by Demetrius that Impostor , whom he boasteth in a manner to haue been the Scholler of his Societie . W●ere hee tells the world that the army cried out often . God and the prayers of our Fathers ( the Iesuites ) haue subdued the hearts of our enemies , and inclined them vnder our Noble Prince Demetrius . That Demetrius turning to the Priests of the company of Iesus , was heard to say [ Loe that which you foretold mee , O Fathers , in the time of that sorrowfull flight of ours , is now come to passe , to wit , that as the Lord God had afflicted mee much , so on the contrary hee would much comfort mee , and that therefore I should not doubt of a full victory . ] These wordes Posseuine stamps in his former Relation in Capitall letters . But when this bold enterprise was ouerthrowne , and this suborned fugitiue slaine and shamefully dragged vp and downe the streets of Mosco , then loe the repors were , That a light was seene ouer his body in the night time , &c. Let them that walke in darknesse follow such lights as these be . Wee are no children of the night , nor of darkenesse . Leauing therefore those vnheard of Arguments , which Posseuine hath not onely cunningly drawne a veyle ouer , that wee may not see them , but exempted by priuiledge of a miracle that wee may not try them , this which he hath shewed vs , let vs bring it a little to the cleere day-light . And euen at the first view it is apparent that this Argument is meerely forraine ; not drawne from any thing , à par●e rei , as what the true Church is , what it teacheth , or such like , but from opinion and testimony . What men say of that of Rome , and of the Reformed Churches , &c. Now opinions are no certaine grounds of truth , no not in naturall and ciuill matters , much lesse in religion . So this Argument at the most is but Topicall and probable . Let vs see the parts of it . And first that ground . The testimony of our selues , and of our contraries is much more sufficient and certaine then to iustifie our selues alone . Surely neither the one nor the other is sufficient , or certaine . It is true , that if other proofe faile , and we will follow coniectures . hee is in probabilitie an honester man , that others beside himselfe say well of , then hee that alone testifieth of himselfe . And yet according to truth , this latter may bee a right honest man , and dwel , as we say , by ill neighbours , or where he is not knowne , or requires not the testimony of other men : Whereas the other being indeed a knaue , is either cunning to conceale it , or hath suborned other like himselfe to say for him , or dwells b● honest men that iudge and say the best . And in this very kind , our Sauiour attributes so little to testimony , as he pronounces a woe to them that all men speake well of . So in our case it is more probable I grant , if there were no other Argument to cleere it , but opinion , and most voyces , that you haue the true Church , and are in the way of saluation then wee because we giue you a better testimony then you doe vs. But it is possible we are both deceiued in our opinions , each of other ; wee through too much charitie , and you and others through ignorance or malice . Herein vndoubtedly we haue the aduantage of you and the rest , and doe take that course which is more safe and sure to auoid sinne , that if we doe faile of the truth , yet we be deceiued with the error of loue , which as the Apostle saith , hopeth all things , and is not puffed vp . Wee auoid at the least that gulfe of rash iudgement , which , mee thinkes , if the case bee not too to cleere wee should all feare , With what iudgement yee iudge , yee shall bee iudged . Thou that iudgest another condemnest thy selfe . But that you may a little be ter consider the weaknesse of this discourse , if the testimony of our selues and our contraries were sufficient and certaine to make tru●h , and euer more safe and secure to follow that side which hath that testimony , it had beene better to haue become a Iewish Proselyte , in the Apostles times then a Christian ● For the Christ●ans acknowledged the Iewes to be the people of God , heires of the promises , and of Christ , and stiled them Brethren , notwithstanding their zeale to the ceremonies , and tradi●ions of their Fathers , excused their ignorance , bare with them , laboured to giue them content in all things . Whereas they to the contrarie called those that professed Christ , Heretickes and Sectaries , accursed them , drew them out of ●heir Synagogues , scourged them , cast them in prison , compelled them to blaspheme : as you doe now Protestants to adiu●e , though in other cruelties I confesse you goe farre beyond them . By like reason a Pagan in Saint Augustines time , should rather haue made himselfe a Christian among the Donatists , then with the Catholikes . For the Catholikes granted the Donatists Baptisme to bee true , accoun●ed them Brethren . The Donatists to the contrary renounced their Brother-hood and Baptisme both , rebaptized such as fell to their side , vsed these formes to their friends , Saue thy Soule , become a Christian : like to those vsed by your Reconcilers at this ●ay . Lastly consider , if this ground of the testimony of our contraries for our part , and their lack of ours , for theirs be sure ; you haue iustified the cause of the Protestants in the maine question , which is the better religion . For whatsoeuer a Protestant holds , as of Faith , you cannot deny to bee good and Catholike , nor any Christian man else . For hee binds him to his Creed , to the holy Scriptures , and goes no further : and in these he hath your testimony for him . But hee denies many things which you beleeue , and accounts them forreine , yea repugnant to Faith , as the Popes infallibilitie , Transubstantiation , Purgatory , worshipping of Images , inuocation of Saints . In all these you speake onely for your selues , in some of these you haue not vs onely , but all other Christians your opposites , to say nothing of the Iewes and Turkes , whom I might as well chocke you withall , as you doe the Protestants with Anabaptists . So by this reason our profession is more safe and secure , and questionlesse is more Catholike then yours . Neither haue wee in this discourse the Argument onely as you see very appliable and fauourable to vs , but ( which I would entreate you by the way to obserue ) the conclusion it selfe often gran●ed by moderate and sober men of your owne side , viz. that our course is in sundry things more safe then yours . As in making no Image of God. In trusting onely in the merits of Christ. In worshipping none but the Trinitie . In directing our prayers to our Lord Iesus Christ alone . In allowing Ministers to marry . In di●ers other points also many of your side say the same with the Protestants , and defend vs from the imputations which others of you lay vpon vs , as is shewed in the Catholike Apologie , by the Reuerend Bishop of Chester . This to the proposition . Let vs come to the Assumption , where you mince too much the Protestants opinion touching the Church of Rome , when you make them say , It is peraduenture faultie in some things : Nay without peraduenture , they say , It is corrupt in doctrine , superstitious and Idolatrous in religion , tyrannicall in gouernment , defiled in manners , from the crowne of the head to the soale of the foot no soundnes in it , as the Prophet saith of another like it ; yet the vitall parts not perished , readie to die , yet not dead . A true Church though neither the Catholike Church , nor yet a sound member of the same . That also is false in the assumption , that the Puritans denie the Church of England to bee a true Church . Vnlesse the Puritans and Brownists bee with you all one , which you haue made diuers Sects aboue , and then are you to blame as to multiply names ( whereof I haue told you ) before , so now againe to confound them . What is now the Conclusion ? It would be more safe and secure to become a Roman Catholike . But the Proposition wil not inferre thus much simply , but onely in this respect . For Topicall arguments ( as you know ) hold onely , caeteris paribus . We must then inquire if there be no other intrinsecall arguments by which it may bee discerned , whether cause bee the better , whether pretence to the Church and Truth , more iust , more euident . Whether it may bee warranted to returne to Babell , because God hath some people there ; when as he commands those that are there to come out of it . How safe it may bee willingly to ioyne with that part of the Church , which is more corrupt in Doctrine and Manners , when wee may continue with that which is reformed . These points were to haue been scanned , ere you concluded and executed as you did . And such Arguments there want not . Christ our Lord hath giuen vs amongst others , two infallible Notes to know his Church . My Sheepe , saith hee , heare my voice : and againe , By this shall all men knowe that yee are my Disciples if yee loue one another . What shall wee stand vpon coniecturall Arguments from that which men say ? We are partiall to our selues , malignant to our opposites . Let Christ bee heard who bee his , who not . And for the hearing of his voice , O that it might be the issue ! But I see you decline it , Therefore I leaue it also for the present . That other is that which now I stand vpon : the badge of Christs sheepe . Not a likelihood , but a certaine token , whereby euery man may know them . By this , saith he , shall all men know that yee are my Disciples , if yee haue charitie one towards another . Thanks be to God : This marke of our Sauiour is in vs , which you with our Schismatikes , and other enemies want . As Salomon found the true Mother by her naturall affection , that chose rather to yeeld to her Aduersaries plea clayming her childe , then endure it should bee cut in peeces , so may it soone bee found at this day , whether is the right Mother . Ours , that saith , giue her the liuing child , and kill him not ; or yours , that if shee may not haue it , is content it bee killed , rather then want of her will. Alas , saith ours , euen of those that leaue her , these be my children , I haue borne them to Christ in Baptisme , I haue nourished them as I could with mine owne breasts his Testaments . I would haue brought them vp to mans estate , as their free birth and parentage deserues . Whether it bee their lightnesse or discontent , or her enticing wordes and gay shewes , they leaue me , they haue found a better Mother . Let them liue yet , though in bondage . I shall haue patience ; I permit the care of them to their Father ; I beseech him to keepe them that they doe none euill ; if they make their peace with him , I am satisfied , they haue not hurt me at all . Nay but , saith yours , I sit alone as Queene and Mistris of Christs family ; hee that hath not me for his Mother , cannot haue God for his Father . Mine therefore are these , either borne or adopted : and if they will not bee mine they shall bee none . So without expecting Christs sentence , shee cuts in peeces with the temporall sword , hangs , burnes , drawes those that shee perceiues inclined to leaue her , or haue left her alreadie . So shee kils with the spirituall sword , those that subiect not to her , yea thousands of soules that not onely haue no meanes so to doe , but many which neuer so much as haue heard whether there be a Pope of Rome or no. Let our Salomon be Iudge between them : yea iudge you ( Master Waddesworth ) more seriously and maturely , not by ghesses , but by the very marke of Christ , which wanting your selues , you haue vnawares discouered in vs , iudge I say without passion , and partialitie , according to Christs Word ; which is his Flock , which is his Church . CHAP. VI. Of fraud and corruption in alleaging Councels , Fathers , and Doctors . YOur next Motiue was , That in examining the questions especially about the Church , where you laboured to peruse the originall Quotations and Texts of the Councels , Fathers , and Doctors , you found , as you say , much fraud committed by the Protestants . This imputation of fraud is very vsuall and common to both sides ; and verily I beleeue some on both sides are faultie . For whether out of humane infirmitie , mistaking the meaning of Authors , or slips of memorie , trust of other mens Q●otations , who tie not themselues to the wordes , but giue the sense they conceiue ; how easily may testimonies bee alleaged cleane besides the Authors mindes ? Hee that hath strongly conceited any thing , findeth it in all that euer he readeth , or falleth vpon . Too much heat in contention , and desire of victorie , blindeth the iudgement , and maketh a man heedlesly lay hold vpon any thing , that hee thinkes may serue his turne . As wee see sometimes in the writings of the Fathers , which had to deale with ancient Heretikes , alleaging the Scriptures themselues besides the purpose . Sometimes haste and desire of contracting makes one cut off some wordes , and explaine and presse those that make for him ; and perhaps leaue out something materiall ▪ presently the other side cries out clipping , forgerie , falsification , and what not ? But although all this may bee called fraud in respect of the Reader , who is by this meanes deceiued in his euidence , and therefore if he be not aware may pronounce amisse , yet is it nothing to that kinde , when with an euill conscience and of set purpose falshood is set forth , and Truth out-faced . Wherein I cannot tell what you haue found . I could haue desired , and doe yet if your leisure may serue , you would shew the particulars . I doe professe here to you , that I haue seene and euen felt with my fingers such dealing in the Romish faction , as I cannot resolue whether I should account them more shamefull slanderers , and false accusers of others , of fraudulent handling ; or bold and shamelesse , in the practizing of it themselues . When the Lord of Plessis his booke of the Sacrament came out , how was it calumniated in this kind , with falsification ? Du Puy in a publike Chartell offered , that of 306. passages in the Preface , he would shew as cleere as the Sunne at noone day , 283. were falsified , corrupted , and mangled , and the rest of no importance . The Bishop of Eureux after Cardinall , vndertooke to shew in the booke it selfe 500. enormous falsities by ●ale , and without hyperbole . The matter was brought to a triall before the King of France , and nine places examined of this number . And as was before-hand promised the Popes Nuncio , the businesse should be so carried that the aduantage should remaine on the part of the Church of Rome , and the Pope receiue contentment , & in these very words the lie should rest with the Heretikes . Morney was borne downe . The Kings letters to the Duke of Espernon of this victorie , were blowne ouer France , sent to Rome , printed with a discourse thereabout , set forth at Antwerp , and translated into English , with some alteration and Turksing by F. Parsons ▪ Wherein hee saith a French Iesuit Fronto Duc●us discouered in it at least a thousand falshoods for his part . Hee accuseth Bishop Iewell , and Master Fox of the like crime ; hee saith that in two onely leaues of his booke , a certaine learned Scholler did discouer thirtie wilfull and voluntarie corruptions and falsifications that cannot be excused , and himselfe besides these thirtie , noted so many other plaine falsehoods and manifest wilfull lies , as might well double the former number . And by Arithmetick hee multiplies this number with the number of the leaues , the number hee saith will rise to 30000. by which Iohn Fox his booke will as much exceede Iohn Sleidans storie in number of lies ( in which were found onely 11000 ) as it doth in bulke and bignesse . This manner of writing of these men , brings to my minde that which Sir Thomas More writes of Tyndals New Testament , wherein hee saith , were founden and noted wrong and falsely translated aboue a thousand Texts by tale . The language is like , and the cause is the same . Men were loath these bookes should be read . The substance of them was such as could not be controlled ; the next remedie was to forestall the Readers mindes with a prejudice of falsification , that so they might not regard them , but cast them out of their hands of their owne accord . The Vulgar sort would be brought out of conceit at the first hearing , with vehement accusation . Euen wise men would suppose though there should not bee any thing neere so many wilfull faults , yet surely there must needes bee a very great number , and that could not happen but with a very bad meaning ; this admitted , who would vouchsafe them the reading ? And in truth among those that fauour the reformed part , I haue me● with some that out of this buzze of falsification in the Lord of Plessis booke , cared not for reading it ; whereby may bee thought in what account it should bee with all those who esteeme all F. Parsons Libels to bee Oracles . But shortly : Sith neither the Cardinall Perone , nor F. Parsons haue had the meanes , or will , to decypher those hundreds and thousands of falsifications in Sleidan , Bishop Iewell , Master Fox , or Plessis , in these so many yeeres , as haue run since they wrote ; and as for the last , he hath set forth the booke againe , with all the authorities at large in the margent , in the Authors owne words , and hath answered all those that bayed at it , till they are silent , what remaines but that we count this multiplying of F. Parso●s , may be ioyned with Aequi●ocation , to make vp the arte of falsehood ; wherein he and his faction may iustly claime to be the worthiest Professors in the world . But without any multiplication or other Arithmeticke , in the fift page of that Relation of his , in the seuen first lines are foure notorious , I will not say lies or falsifications , but falshoods by tale . The first : That the triall being begun vpon the first place , that was found false . The French discourse printed at Antwerp cum priuilegio , and approbation of the Visitor of bookes , saith : And as to the said first Article , nothing was iudged thereabout by the said Commissioners , nor pronounced by my said Lord the Chancellor , and the King said that it should be remitted to another time to deliberate thereabout . The second : Hee ( that is , Plessis ) would haue passed to the second , but the Bishop refused so to doe , except the Ministers and Protestants there present would first subscribe and testifie that this first place was falsified . Hee said in the page before , that Plessis appeared at last with some foure or fiue Ministers on his side . There were no Ministers appeared with him on his side . No Protestants , no creature did subscribe , or was required so to doe . The third : Which at length they did , viz. subscribe , this place was falsified . A vtter vntruth . Whereof there is not a word in the said printed Narration . The fourth : as well in this as in all the rest . There was no subscription , as I said , at all . The Commissioners were all of the Roman profession , sauing Causabon ; and he no Minister . They neuer pronounced , much lesse subscribed that any of those places examined were falsified . Of the first place of Scotus they pronounced nothing . Of the second , of Durand , That the opposition of Durand was alleaged for the resolution . And this they would haue remitted also as the former to another time , saue that the Bishop insisted , saying , it was in vaine to dispute if they would not iudge , addressing his speech diuers times to the King , to the intent hee should signifie his pleasure to the Commissioners ; and then his Maiestie drawing neere to them , they gaue their opinions vpon that Article as before . This was that which F. Parsons stumbled at when hee wrote , The Ministers and Protestants there present subscribed and testified , that it was falsified , and so all the rest . For being ouerioyed with this newes which hee did not well vnderstand ( to thinke the charitablest of him ) hee thought the Commissioners had beene part at least Protestants , and Ministers : and had subscribed , whereas they pronounced their sentence viua voce , by the mouth of the Chancellour , neuer vsing the tearme falsification ; yea in some of the rest they acquited the L. of Plessis , as in the passage of P. Crinitus though they said Crinitus was deceiued . In that of Bernard , that it had beene good to distinguish the two passages of Saint Bernard out of the same booke with an et caetera . Not to stand now vpon that , that in the rest of the places he hath a reasonable and iust defence with indifferent men , for the omissions he was charged with in Chrysostome , Hierome , Bernard , and Theodorit : and in that of Cyril , the King himselfe said aloud , that both sides had reason ▪ but F. Parsons not hauing as it appeares receiued perfect information of the particularities of this affaire , was so hastie to write according to the partiall intelligen●e he receiued at Rome , that hee faults himselfe in the same kinde , that hee imputes to another . And if he should meete with some seuere aduersarie , that would multiplie his falsehoods by his leaues and lines , as he dealeth with Master Fox , and then extend by proportion his pamphlet to the bignesse of Master Fox his Booke of Martyrs , he would finde , that he prouides very ill for himselfe that is to rigorous and censorious to other men . But I leaue him , and come to the fidelitie of the Popish faction , whereof I shall desire you to take a taste in one of the questions which you name about the Church , euen that which is indeede cardo negotij , as you say , the controuersie of the Popes authoritie . For the establishing whereof : First , the Epistles of the ancient Bishops of Rome for the space of about 300. yeares after Christ are counterfeited . The Barbarous not Latine but lead of the stile , and the likenesse of them all one to another , the deepe silence of antiquitie concerning them ; the Scriptures alleadged after Hieromes translation , doe conuince them of falshood . And by whose practice and procurement we cannot doubt , if wee aske but as Cassius was wont Cui bono ? For at euery bout the authoritie of the Pope , and priuiledges of the Roman See are extolled and magnified . Next , the Donation of Constantine is a sencelesse forgerie ; and so blazed by some of the learnedest of the Roman Church . Reade it aduisedly , either in Gratian , or in the Decrees of Syluester , with the Confession , and Legend of Constantines baptisme , and say out of your owne iudgement if euer any thing can be more fraudulent , more sottish ? And because I haue mentioned Gratian , his whole compilation is f●ll of falsification , and corruption of Antiquitie : take an example or two in the matter wee haue in hand . The Mileuitene and after the Africane Councils vnderpaine of Excommunication prohibit appeales beyond the Seas . Which Canons were made purposely to meet with the vsurpations of the Bishops of Rome , of which I haue spoken some what before . Now in the citing this Canon , Gratian addes this goodly explication ; nisi forte Romanam sedem appellauerint ; thus excepting that abuse which these Councels directly sought to prohibit . Againe , Saint Augustine to informe a Christian man what Scriptures hee should hold for Canonicall , bids Gratian●its ●its it thus , inter qu●● ( Scripturas ) sane illae sunt quas Apostolica sedes habere & ab ea alij meru●runt accipere Epistolas : and accordingly , the 〈◊〉 of that Canon is ; Inter Canonicas , The Decretall Epistles are numbred amongst the Canonicall Scriptures . True it i● , that in the end of the next Canon , Gratian addes a good limitation , and worth the remembering , that this must be vnderstood of such Decrees , in which there is nothing found contrary to the Decrees of the Fathers foregoing , nor the precepts of the Gospell . Belike euen in Gratians time it was not holden impossible , that in the Sanctions and Decretals of Popes , something might be decreed contrary to the Gospel , which may be added to your Iudges infallibility , which hath beene touched before . But these be old trickes of the Champions of the Papacie . At this day perhaps it is better : yes , and that shall ye vnderstand by the words of the children of the Church of Rome themselues the Venetians . But first ye are to know , that among certaine Propositions set forth in defence of the state , there was one , the fourth in number of eight , That the authoritie promised by our Sauiour Christ to Saint Peter vnder the metaphor of the Keyes is meerely spirituall . For confirmation whereof after other proofe was said , that the authoritie of the highest Bishop is ouer sinne and ouer soules onely ; according to the words of that prayer of the Church about Saint Peter — qui B. Petro animas ligandi atque soluendi Pontificium tradidisti . Cardinall Bellermine vndertooke to answere these Propositions , and comming to this place , he saith ; that peraduenture Gods prouidence to take away such deceipts , whereby the author of these Propositions would deceiue the simple , with the words of the holy Church misunderstood , inspired into the reformers of the Breuiarie that they should take out of that Prayer the word ( animas ) as anciently it was not there , nor ought to be ; because that prayer was formed out of the words of the Gospell . Quodcunque ligaueris , & quodcunque solueris . Now marke the reioinder that is made to him by Iohannes Marsilius , who numbering vp his errors in the defence of euery proposition , roundly tels him ? Erra XIIII . perche dice , &c. He erres in the XIV . place for that he saith , that those which haue taken out of the Breuiarie the word ( animas ) were inspired by the holy Ghost . I 〈…〉 Quodcunque 〈◊〉 , with the word ( 〈◊〉 ) by that text which explaineth them , 〈…〉 ; sinnes being in the soule and not in the body , least any should beleeue that the Pope were , Domi●●s in 〈◊〉 & spiritualibus , of goods , of bodies , and of soules , and that he might loose and binde euery thing , as it seemes the L. Cardi●all beleeueth . And they explained them with the word 〈◊〉 , by which explication a remedy is put vnto all those discords which may arise betweene the Pope and Princes 〈◊〉 & tuo , Whereas those which haue lat●ly taken it away out of the Breuiarie , 〈◊〉 a new stirred vp occasion of discords and cont●●tions . Besides that , it is a thing knowne of all men , that in the Bookes of the Councels , of the Canons , of other Doctors , in a word , 〈◊〉 in the very Br●maries and Missals there haue beene and are taken away those things which are in fauour of Princes of the Laitie , to see if at length there might be established the opinion de illimita●a Potestate Pontificis in t●mporalibus . 〈…〉 he as ●e that compar●s together the Bookes printed in the year● 30. in 50. and those at this day , as well of the Councels as others , ●uidently 〈◊〉 the vintage , that 〈◊〉 it is , that we post vindemia● , haue found some few clusters for the defence of our gracious Prince . This is a meanes if it goe on further , to make all writings to loose their credit , and to ruine the Church of God. Be it spoken by the occasion that the Lord Cardinall hath giuen ●e thereof ▪ and for charities 〈◊〉 , and for the desire that these writings be no more touched ; which be also said with all humilitie and reuerence . He erres in the XV. place , for that he saith ●hat in the ancient Breuiaries there was not the word animas . And I haue seene Breuiaries written with 〈◊〉 abou● 200. yeares agoe , and printed aboue an hundred ; in them is the word animas ; and if it were not ▪ yet ought it to be put in , to take away the occasions of discord● . Thus he there ; As for the Prayer corrected , or corrupted rather ; if you looke the old Breuiaries , yea euen that set forth by Pi●s the Fifth , printed by Plantine , with the Priuiledge of the Pope , and his Catholike Maiest●e , Anno 77. vpon the nine & twentieth of Iune , yee shall find it to runne thus . Deus qui B. Petro Apostolo ●uo collatis clauibus r●gui coelestis animas ligandi atque solu●ndi Ponti●icium tradid●st● , concede vt intercessionis eius auxilio peccator ●m nostrorum nexibus liberemur . Per Dominum ▪ Now in the late correction animas , is left out , and wee vnderstand the reason . In the end of the same booke there is ●n aduertisement to the Reader , the beginning whereof I will not sticke to set downe verbatim ; it is this . Because in this Defence I haue often said , that Authors are made to recant , and that out of their bookes many things are taken away sincerely said , in fauour of the power of Temporall Princes , to stablish by these meanes the opinion , De supremâ authoritate Papae in temporalibus ; I haue thought good to aduise the R●ader , that the quotations by mee brought , are taken , ad verbum , out of those bookes which are incorrupt , and containe the opinion of the Authors sincerely . And that the more ancient the Copies bee , and further from these our times , so much ●he better they bee . And in particular I desire that hee bee aduertised , that the Cap. Nouit de iudicijs , printed in Rome the yeere 1575. by Ioseph de Angelis , with licence of Superiours , it the text which was followed by the Author of the eight Positions , and by mee ; which containes sincerely the opinion of Na●arrus , and of the Parisians . Which in the bookes printed since , is changed in such manner as it is no more the same , but is become the contrary , to wit , that of 〈◊〉 , &c. Tell mee , good Master Wad●sworth , in the ●ight of God , what is fraud , if this be not . And thus not onely the Authors of this age any way inclining to reformation , as Erasmus , Rhe●anus , Cassander , F●rus ; but , Vines , Faber , Caietane , Pol. Virgil , Guicciardine , Petrarch , Dante , yea Authors of six or seuen hundred yeeres old , are set to Schoole to learne the Romane language , and agree with the Trent●aith ●aith . For it is not the authoritie and Monarchy of the Pope alone that is sought , though that bee Summa summarum , whereunto all comes at last , but no voyce must be heard discenting from that which he teaches . Therefore it is , that Bertramus Presbyter is appointed by your Spanish Index printed at Madrid , to bee wholly abolished . The former had catechized him to say in stead of visibiliter , inuisibiliter , with many other pretie explications , as where he saith , the Elements in the Lords Supper , Secundum creaturarum substantiam , quod prius fuerant ante consecrationem , hoc & post consistunt , the explication is , secundum externas species Sacramenti . But the surest way was to take him cleane away : and so indeed in the Bibliotheca Patrum hee is , and that purp●sely , as Marguerinus de la Bigne confesseth in his Preface . The Ancient Fathers are perhaps free . For the Councell of Trent appointed , that in the writings of the ancient Catholikes nothing should bee changed , sa●e where by the fraud of heretikes a manifest error is crept in . But who shall bee the Iudge of that ? The Inquisitors and Censors themselues . For my part , I cannot say that I haue spent many houres in the triall of this point , nor haue I had ancient Copies thereto requisite . But I will intreat you to consider with mee one example , or rather two or three in one Father , and in the matter that I named , whereby you may ghesse at the rest . In Saint Cyprians Workes imprinted at Rome , by P. Manutius , sent for to Venice by Pius the Fourth , to set forth the Fathers , as himselfe saith , most perfectly clensed from all spots , the Epistle of Firmilianus Bishop of Caesarea , beginning , Accepimus per Rogatianum , is wholly left out ; and Pamelius thinkes purposely , and addes , perhaps it had beene more wisdome it had beene neuer set out at all . Saint Cyprian was not of that minde , who translated it into Latin , as the stile it selfe witnesses , and Pamelius also is enforced to confesse . The matter is , it is to quicke and vehement against Stephanus Bishop of Rome . Hee saith hee is moued with iust indignation , at the manifest folly of Stephanus , that boasting so much of the place of his Bishopricke , and that hee hath the succession of Peter , vpon whom the foundations of the Church were set , brings in many other Rockes , &c. Hee saith hee hath stirred vp contentions and discords throughout the Churches of the whole world . Bids him not deceiue himselfe , he hath made himselfe a Schismaticke , by separating himselfe from the Communion of the Ecclesiastical vnity , for while he thinks he can separate all from his communion , he hath separated himselfe onely from all . He taxes him for calling Saint Cyprian a false Christ , a false Apostle , and a deceitfull workeman , which being priuy to himselfe that these were his owne due , preuentingly hee obiected to another ! No maruell if this geare could not passe the Presse at Rome . In S. Cyprians Epistle , De Vnitate Ecclesiae , these words , & Primatus Petro datur , &c. & after , Vnam Cathedram constituit : and againe , Et Cathedra vna , are foisted into the text in that Romane edition . In that of Pamelius also besides these , another clause is added , forsooth , out of Gratian , and a Copie of the Cambron Abby [ Qui Cathedram Petri super quam fundata est Ecclesia deserit . ] These patches being all left out , the sense is neuerthelesse complete and perfect : and for the last , which speaks most for the Popes Chaire , the Superuisors themselues of the Canon Law , by the commandement of Gregory the thirteenth , acknowledge , that in eight Copies of Cyprian entire , in the Vaticane Librarie this sentence is not found : but besides these there is one wherein his opuscula alone are contained , and another at Saint Sauiours in Bologna , in which it is found . But what account they make of it appeares by this , that supplying the whole sentence in another place of Gratian , they leaue it out . Wherein as their conscience is to bee commended , and Manuti●● his modestie , or theirs who surueied that edition , that would not follow one Copie against eight ; so is Pamelius boldnesse to be corrected , that out of one , and that not fully agreeing with Gratian , neither shames not ( as himselfe sayes , veriti non sumus ) to force in this reading into the text , against all the rest printed and manuscript , which he vsed aboue twentie in number , as he sets them downe in a Catalogue in the beginning of his edition . It is now little more then two hundred yeeres agoe , that Frier Thomas of Walden wrote against Witcleff . He in the second Booke of his first Tome , the first Article , and second Chapter , cites this verie place of Cyprian , and cites it to fort●fie Witclefs assertion of his owne minde . For hauing recited Witclefs words , he concludes them thus ; Haec ibi , and then proceeds . Addam●t & nos quod Cyprianus dicit omnes Apostolos pares fuisse & pote●tate & ho●●re . Addamus quod Hieronymus dicit , super omnes Apostolos ex aequo fortitudo solidatur Ecclesiae , &c. Yet , neither in that Chapter , nor in that whole discourse doth he once mention these words , now conueied into Cyprian , nor any where else that I can find in all his Work , though hee cite this Tractate often vnder the name of Liber contra haereticos & schismaticos . How fit had it beene to answere the obiection out of Cyprian by Cyprian , if hee had not found that Gratian after his manner had been too bold or negligent in this passage . The same Author in his third Tome De Sacramentalibus , Doct. 10. cites a long place out of this same Treatise beginning at those words . An esse sibi cum Christo videtur qui aduersum Sace●dotem Christi facit , &c. Againe , Cap. 81. two places ; one immediately before the sentences charged with those former wordes , another after . The one beginning , Loquitur Dominus ad Petrum ▪ Ego tibi dico quia tu es Petrus , &c. the other Vnitatem tenere ●irmiter & vendi●are debemus , &c. Certainely vnlesse Waldens●s meant by fai●t-pleading to betray the cause hee vndertooke , hee would neuer haue omitted so pregnant pass●ges as these be , for Peters Primacie , and the Popes Chaire , had they beene extant in Cyprians worke when hee wrote , But wee cannot doubt of his good affection to the See of Rome , either for his orders sake , o● his dedicating that worke to Pope Marti●e the Fi●th , or his approbation of the two first Tomes , which hee saith , hee caused to bee seene and examined , per sollennes viros , and testifies of to bee commended of all , encouraging him to write the third . It remaines therefore that Cyprian hath receiued this garnishment since Waldens time . And here with this occasion of his silence about those things which are thrust into Cyprian , I will , though besides my purpose ▪ vse his testimony about a certaine sentence of the Author of the imperfect worke vpon Matthew , ascribed to Saint Chrysostome , which the Romish faction will needs race out . It is in the eleuenth Homily , about the middle . The words are these : Si enim vasa sanctificata ad priuat●s vsus transferre peccatum est & periculum , sicut docet Balthasar qui bibens in calicibus sacris de regn● depositus est & de vita . Si ergo haec vasa ad priuatos vsus transferre sic 〈◊〉 est [ in quibus non est verum corpus Christi 〈◊〉 mysterium ●orporis eius continetur ] quanto magis vasa corporis nostri quae sibi Deus ad habitaculum praeparan●● non debemus locum dare Diabolo agend● in ijs quae vult . In this sentence the wordes that I haue e●closed from the rest are inserted saith Bellarm●e by some Schol●er of Berengarius , for they are not in all Copies . No maruell . That is more maruell that they are in any , since the Canonizing of Trans●bstantiation . But in Walde●s time , and before , the words were th●s read , for in his third Tome , Cap. 30. they are thus cited , saue tha● by the error of the print ministerium , is put for mysterium , and hee addes there . 〈…〉 But , saith Bellarmine , These words 〈◊〉 not to the matter in hand , for the Author of the 〈◊〉 spake of the holy vessels of Salomons Temple , which 〈…〉 ; and in those vessels , neither was the Lords true body , nor yet the mystery thereof . Well , if they be not to the purpose , if they speake of the vessells of Salomons Temple , let them stand in the Text still . What need yee purge them out of the newer editions at Antwerpe , and Paris . Belike Father Iohn Matthews saw further into this matter then Bellarmine , for hee casts out this sentence with the dregs of the Arians , although there bee no Arianisme in it that I can perceiue . The truth is , the Author speakes of the Vessels vsed in the Lords Supper in his owne time . For those wordes , sicut docet Balthasar , &c. are brought in by the way , for a confirmation from a like example , the sense hanging in the meane while , which is resumed againe when hee goes on , Si ergo haec vasa , as any indifferent Reader may perceiue . Yea , take away these words , & the sinewes of the sentence are cut , for the force of the argument lies in the comparison of the prophaning of the holy vessels , and of our bodies ; That is a sin , yet Christs body is not contained in them , but the mystery therof : but God himselfe dwels in these . These examples , to omit some other , doe make mee thinke , that howsoeuer the corrupting of the texts of the Fathers , is not perhaps so vsuall , as of other Writers , and good reason why , they know that many looke narrowly to their ●ingers , neither is there any place almost , that is of speciall pith , that hath not beene obserued and vrged in the handling of the controuersies of this age , by some one or other ; yet where there is any colour of differing Copies , or any aduantage to bee taken that way , it is not slipped . And who knowes not , that sometimes the change of a Letter , yea , of a Point or Accent ; makes the whole sentence of another meaning ? As for example● that of Saint Augustine , Qui fecit te sine te , non iustificat te sine te . Read it interrogatiuely , and it is as strong for 〈◊〉 and the 〈◊〉 , as if it be read assertiuely , for Cathar●●● and the 〈◊〉 . And in very deede when I consider the eagernesse of these men , to win their purposes , and their fearfull boldnesse with the holy Word of God , I know not how a man should looke for conscience or respect at their hands in the writings of men . For to omit that the Trent-Fathers haue canonized the Vulgar Latin Edition , which so many times departeth from the originall inspired by the holy Ghost , adding , detracting , changing , often to a diuerse , sometimes to a contrarie sense . To let passe also how Sixtus V. and Clemens VIII . doe tyrannize oue● and delude the Faith of their followers , about that Edition , binding them vnto two diuerse Copies , and sometimes flat contradictorie ; and so , as the forme of each must bee inuiolably obserued , without the least particle of the Text added , changed , or detracted . The former , derogating all Faith and authoritie from whatsoeuer Bibles hand●written , or printed , of the Vulgar edition , which did not agree with that which hee set forth ad verbum & ad literam . The latter , telling , that when the same Pope endeuoured to set it out , hee perceiued not a few things to haue crept into the holy Bible , through the fault of the Presse , and that it needed a second care , whereupon he decreed to bring the whole worke againe to the Anuile , had he not beene preuented by death ; so derogating all Faith from the ●ormer . Whereas the truth is Sixt●● did not onely endeuour to set out his Bible , but prefixed his Bull before it ad perpetuam rei memoriam , and sent one of the Copies to the State of Venice ( as I heard at my being there ) howsoeuer since it was cunningly recouered againe , set it to sale publikely , and saith in his Bull , that he corrected the faults of the Presse with his owne hand , and ( which most of all conuinceth Pope Clements Preface of falshood ) the difference of these Editions is not in fault of the prints , but in that the one followes the old erroneous reading , the latter the reading of other Manuscripts ac●ording with the Hebrew , Chaldee , Greeke , or the Latin edition of the Catholike Kings Bible , obserued by the industrie of the Diuines of Lo●aine . But to forbeare to vrge this contradiction in the very foundation of beliefe , which some man peraduenture would presse so farre , as to inferre , that the Romanists haue no faith ( for hee that beleeues contradictories beleeues nothing . ) What shall we say of that impietie , to corrupt the originall Text according to the vulgar Latin ? See an example hereof in the first promise of the Gospell , Gen. 3. where the Serpent is threatned , that the seede of the Woman shall crush his head . The vulgar Edition leauing here the Hebrew , the Seuentie , and Saint Hierome himselfe , as appeares by his questions vpon Genesis , tran●●ates Ipsa . Shee shall bruise thy head . So it stands now in the authenticall Scripture of the Church of Rome , and herein Sixtus and Clemens are of accord . The Diuines of Louaine obserue , that two Manuscript Copies haue Ipse . That the Hebr●w , Chaldie , and Greeke , haue it so likewise . Why then did not either Sixtus or Clemens , or they themselues hauing Copies for it , correct it , and make it so in the authenticall Text ? I will tell you . By colour of this corruption , the Deuill enuying Christs glorie , like an obstinate enemie rather yeelding himselfe to any then his true Conqueror , hath giuen this honour to the Virgin Mary . To her it is attributed in that worke which I thinke to bee the most vngodly and blasphemous that euer saw the Sunne : The Ladies Psalter , wherein that which is spoken of God by the Spirit of God is writhed to her . In the 51. Psalme , Quid gloriaris in malitia , ô maligne Serpens , &c. Why boastest thou in malice , ô thou malignant Serpent and infernall Dragon , Submit thy head to the Woman , by whose valour thou shalt be drowned in the deepe . Crush him , ô Lady , with the foot of thy valour , arise and scatter his malice , &c. And in the 52. speaking to the same Serpent . Noli extolli , &c. Bee not lifted vp for the fall of the Woman , for a Woman shall crush thy head , &c. So in that Anthem : Haec est mulier virtutis quae contri●it caput Serpentis . Yea which I write with griefe and shame , to her doth good Bernard apply it , Hom. 2. super Missus est , and which is more strange , expounds it , not of her bearing our Sauiour , but , Ipsa proculdubio , &c. Shee doubtlesse crushed that poisonfull head , which brought to nought all manner of suggestion of that wicked one , both of temptation of the flesh and of pride of minde . To her doth the learned and deuout Chancelor of Paris apply it . Has pestes vniuersas dicimus membra Serpentis antiqui , cuiu● caput ipsa virgo contriuit . And what maruell in those times , when the plaine Text of the Scripture ran so in the foeminine gender , of a woman , and few or none had any skill of the Greeke or Hebrew ? Who should that SHEE be , but shee that is blessed among women ? Now although that thankes be to God , it is knowne that this is a corrupt place , out of the Fountains , yea out of the Riuers also the testimonies of the Fathers , referring this to Christ , as Irenaaus , Iustine , Cyprian , Clemens Alexandrinus , Hierome , yea Pope Leo himselfe , yet because no error of the Church of Rome may bee acknowledged , how palpable soeuer ; they haue cast how to shadow this corruption , and set some colour vpon it , that howsoeuer this reading cannot bee true , yet it may bee made like to truth . Loe in the Interlinear Bible set forth by the authoritie of King Philip the father of his Majestie that now reignes with you , the Hebrew Text is reformed according to the Latine , IPSA . There was some opportunitie hereunto , by reason that the Letters of the Text without pricks would beare both readings . For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 may be read 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 hu , or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 hiu . And this selfe-same word for the Letters the base of reading , is so pointed in this Chapter verse 19. and applied to Eue Shee is the mother of all liuing . And so elsewhere , as Gen. 28. 1. and 21. Hereunto perhaps was added , that the pricks are a late inuention of the Rabbines , as many thinke , and no part of the Hebrew Text. And that not onely Leo Castro , and such as accuse the present Hebrew Copies as fal●ified , but those that defend them also , doe many of them confesse . Hereupon it was resolued , as it seemes , to point this place 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . For that it was not by mistaking but purposely done ▪ Franciscu● Lucas in his Annotations vpon the place doth assure vs ; and saith it was Guido Fabricius his deede . And indeede other things there bee in that worke , which sauour not of the learning and integritie of Arias Montanus , as for example , the Etymologie of Missa from the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . But as Boldnesse is not alwayes as prouident , as Ignorance or Malice is bold , these Correctors marked not , that the gender of the Verbe , and the affixe of the Noune following , are both Masculine . So although the Orthographie would bee framed to consent , yet the Syntaxe doth crie out against this Sacriledge . And yet our Rhemists , as I am informed , in their lately set forth Bible , with a long note vpon this place , defend the applying of this Text to the blessed Virgin , and the old reading Ipsa . What should a man say ? Necessitie makes men desperate , and as the Apostle saith , Euill men and deceiuers shall waxe worse and worse , deceiuing and being deceiued . These be fraudes indeed , in the strictest sense , wilfully corrupting the Texts of good Authors , wilfully maintayning them so corrupted ; not abstayning from the holy Scriptures themselues . For as to that other kinde , deprauing the sense , retayning the wordes ; it were endlesse to cite examples . Bellarmine alone , as I beleeue , passeth any two Protestants that euer set pen to paper , perhaps all of them put together . CHAP. VII . Of the Armies of euident witnesses for the Romanists . WHere you adde that you found the Catholikes had farre greater and better Armies of euident witnesses then the Protestants , it might perhaps seeme so to you , as your minde was prepared , when you had met with such cunning muster-Masters as the Romanists are . Who sometimes bring into the fi●ld to make their number seeme more , after the old stratagem of warre , a sort of Pages and Lackeis , vnworthy to hold any ranke in the host of God , vnder the names of the Fathers . Sometimes to confirme their part , giue out a voice confidently , that all the ●orces which they see aloofe in the field are on their side , whereas when it comes to the battell they shall finde that they wil turne their armes against them . Somtimes they change the quarrell it selfe ; in which case how easie is it to bring Armies , as you say , into the field , to fight against No-bodie and euident witnesses , to proue that which no man denies ? For the purpose , that the Bishops of Rome hath had a primacie of honour , and authoritie ; when as the question is about a Monarchie , and infallible Iudgement , an vncontrolable Iurisdiction . Herein if you please , see how Bellarmine alleages the Fathers , Greeke and Latine , in the 15. and 16. Chapters of his first Booke , de Summo Pontifice . So for proofe of the veritie of Christs Bodie and Bloud in the Lords Supper , hee spends a whole Booke onely in citing the testimonies of the Fathers . To what purpose ? When the question is not of the truth of the Presence , bu● of the manner ; whether it be to the Teeth and Belly , or Soule and Faith of the Receiuer . Sometimes they will beare downe the vnexpert Souldier their Reader , that hee sees the Fathers fight for them ; as Pighius and Bellarmine come in often with their Vides in the end and application of a testimonie . Whereby it comes to passe that the Scholler if he be of a plyable disposition , or loath to bee counted dimme-sighted , yeelds himselfe to his Teacher , and sees in the Fathers that which they neuer dreamed of . But surely , Sir , had you giuen that honour to the holy Scriptures , which of the Iewes was giuen to them , and our Lord Iesus Christ allowes it in them ; and then employed as much trauell in the searching and looking into them , as you professe to haue done in the perusing the Councels and Fathers , perhaps God had opened your eyes , as those of El●sha his seruant , to haue seene , that there are more on our side then against vs , horses indeede and charets of fire , able to put to flight and scatter neuer so great armies of humane authorities and opinions . But this place of the Scriptures hath no place amongst all your motiues . As touching that which you say of the Centurists often consuring and reiecting the plaine testimonies of the Ancients . It is true , that in the title De Doctrina , they note a part , the singular and incommodious opinions the stubble and errors of the Doctors . Wherein to tell you my fancie , if they commit any fault , it is , that they are to rigid and strict , referring into this Catalogue , euery improper and excessiue speech , which being seuered from the rest of the discourse , may often seeme absurd : as it may also seeme strange that our Sauiour should teach a man to hate his Father and Mother , or pull out his eyes , or giue him his cloake that hath bereaued him of his coate . Whereas these and the like haue in the place where they stand , admirable force and grace , being taken with an equall and commodious interpretation . But it is are cleare as the noone day , that sundry such errors and singular opinions there be in the Fathers , as cannot be iustified . They speake not alwaies to your own mindes , not onely prima facie , and in sound of words , but being neuer so well examined and salued . Witnesse Sixtus Senensis in the fift and sixt Bookes of his Bibliotheca . Witnesse Pamelius , Medina ( though blamed for confessing so much by Bellarmine ) yea witnesse Bellarmine himselfe . Wherefore if the bare authoritie of the Fathers must binde vs , vndergoe the same law yee giue , if as your Belgick Index confesseth , you beare in them with many errors , extenuate them , excuse them , by deuising some shift , often denie them , and giue them a c●modious sense , when they are opposed in disputations , giue the libertie ye take . Or if ( as we thinke ) these be base courses and vnbeseeming the ingenuitie of true Christian mindes , acknowledge this honour as proper to the Scriptures , to be without controuersie receiued , examine by the true touchstone of diuine authoritie all humaine writings , how holy soeuer their Authors haue beene . Try all things , as the Apostle commands , hold fast that which is good . Your instance in Danaeus his Commentaries , super D. Aug. Euchiridion ad Laurentium , was not all the best chosen . For neither doth Saint Augustine in that booke treating professedly of Purgatory , auouch it plainely , or yet obscurely . Nor doth Danaeus reiect his opinion with those words , Hic est nae●us Augustini , or the like . The heads of Saint Augustines discourse are these . I. That whereas some thought that such as are baptized and holde the Faith of Christ , though they liue and die neuer so wickedly , shall be saued , and punished with a long but not eternall fire , he thinkes them to be deceiued , out of a certaine humane pit● ; for this opinion is flatly contrarie to other Sc●rptures . II. He interprets the place of Saint Paul , touching the trying of euery mans worke by fire , of the fire of tribulation , through which as well he that builds gold and siluer , that is , mindes the things of God , as he that builds hay and stubble , that is , too much mindes the things of this life must passe . III. He saith that it is not incredible , that some such thing is done after this life also ; and whether it be so or not , may be enquired of . IIII. But whether it be found or no , that some faithfull people , according as they haue more or lesse , loued these perishing things , are later or sooner saued : yet not such as of whom it is said , that they shall not possesse the Kingdome of God , vnlesse repenting as they ought , they obtaine forgiuenesse ; as for the purpose , be fruitfull in almes ; which yet will not serue to purchase a licence to commit sinne . V. That the daily and lighter sinnes , without which we are neuer in this life , are blotted out by the Lords Prayer . And so the greater also , if a man leaue them , and forgiue others his enemies ; which is a worthy kinde of almes : but the best of all is a sinners amending of his life . Loe how plainly Saint Augustine auo●cheth Purgatorie , Of which he doubts whether any such thing can be found or no. Expounds that Scripture that seemes most strong for it , all otherwise , and so as it cannot agree thereunto . If it be found , is sure it will not serue for greater sinnes . And for lesser defects , yea the greatest shewes , another a surer remedy , which intruth makes Purgatory superfluous . In this doctrine , Danaeus is so farre from controuling Saint Augustine , that he applauds him ; and saith , that declaring his owne opinion of Purgatorie , he pronounceth plainely , that the whole defining of this matter is vncertaine , doubtfull , and rash ; which since that Augustine wrote being now an old man , certainely it cannot be doubted but that hee did altogether reiect Purgatorie : yea and he shewes this fire it selfe to be vnprofitable . Thus Danaeus there . But the censure that was in your minde , I beleeue is that vpon another passage of Saint Augustine in the same Booke , where hee treates , whether the soules of the dead are eased by the pietie of their friends that are liuing . And thus he determines it . That when the Sacrifices either of the Altar , or of whatsoeuer almes are offered for all such as are deceased after Baptisme , for such as are very good folke , they are thankesgiuings ; for such as are not very euill , they are propitiations : for those that are very euill , though they be no helpes to the dead , yet they are consolations , such as they be to the liuing . And to such as they are profitable vnto , it is either that they may haue full remission , or that their very damnation may be more tollerable . Vpon this Chapter thus saith Dan●us . Hoc totum caput continet 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Augustini , and after hee addes , Itaque hic foenum & stipulam aedificat vir pius & magnus . But you , yee say , had rather follow Saint Augustines opinion then his censure . Perhaps as one saith , rather erre with Plato , then hold the truth with others . If that be your resolution , what should we vse any more words ? Beleeue then if you please , that the commemoration of Christs sacrifice in the Lords Supper , or the oblations of the faithfull , are to be made for all that decease after Baptisme , in the attempting of whatsoeuer sinne they die , yea suppose in finall impenitence of any deadly crime . That such as be damned may thereby haue their damnation made more tollerable . Beleeue that without any improprietie of speech , the same forme of words may be a thanksgiuing for one , and an appeasing of Gods wrath for another . Beleeue also ( if you can beleeue what you will ) that Saint Tecla deliuered the soule of Falconilla out of hell , and Saint Gregorie the soule of Traian , and that as may seeme saying Masse for him , sith he was forbidden thence forth to offer any hoste for any wicked man. Bele●●e that Macarius continually praying for the dead , and very desirous to know whether his prayers did them any good , had answere by miracle from the scull of a dead man an Idolater , that by chance was tumbled in the way . O Macarius when tho● offerest prayer's for the dead , we feele some ease for the time . Beleeue that on Easter euen all the damned spirits in hell keep holy day , and are free from their torments . Saint Augustine , such is his modestie , will giue you leaue to beleeue 〈◊〉 , as well as Purgatorie , if you please , as hee is not vnwilling to giue , as large scope to other mens opinions as may be , so they reuerse not the plaine and certaine grounds of holy Scripture . In all these you may if you please follow authors also ; as Saint Damasce●● , Paladius , Prudentius , Sigebert , and others . But giue the same libertie to others that yee take . Compell no man to follow your opinion , if he had rather follow Danaeus reasons . For my selfe , I would sooner with Saint Augustine himselfe , whose words touching Saint Cyprian , Danaeus here borrowed , confesse this to be , 〈…〉 coopertum 〈…〉 , then be bound to iustif●e his conceit touching the commemoration of the dead in the Lords Supper . And as hee saith of Saint Cyprian , so would I adde , Ego h●ius libri authoritate non teneor , 〈…〉 Augustini non vt Canonicas habeo , sed eas ex Canonic●s considero ; & quod in ijs 〈◊〉 scriptur 〈…〉 cum 〈…〉 quod non congruit cum pace eius resp●● . Which words I doe the rather set downe , that they may be Luthers iustification also against F. Parsons , who thinkes he hath laid sore to his charge when hee cites very solemnely his Epistle ad Equitem Germ. Anno Domini 1521. where he saith , he was tyed by the authority of no Father , though neuer so holy , if hee were not approued by the iudgement of holy Scripture . Surely this is not to denie and contemne , as he cals it , or as you to controll the Fathers , to account them subiect to humane infirmities , which themselues acknowledge . But the contrary is to boast against the truth , to seeke to fore iudge it with their mistakings , which needes not so much as require their testimonies . I will forbeare to multiply words about that , whether the testimonies of Antiquitie which fauour the Protestants be many or few : whether they doe indeede so , or onely seeme , prima facie ; whether they be wrested or to the purpose ; whether all this may not by iust or reason be affirmed of the passages cited by 〈◊〉 Romanists out of Antiquitie , setting aside matters of ceremony , and gouernment ( which your selfe confesse by and by may be diuers , without empeaching vnitie in Faith ) and opinions , euer to be subiected to the triall of Scriptures , by their owne free consent and desire . Iudge by an instance or two , that this matter may not be a meere skirmish of generalities . Tertullian in his latter times , whether as Saint Hierome writes through the enuie and reproach of the Roman Clergie , or out of the too much admiring chastitie and fasting , became a Montanist , and wrote a Booke de Pudicitia , blaming the reconciling of Adulterers and Fornicators . In the very entrance almost thereof , he hath these words . Audio etiam edictum esse propositum , & quidem peremptorium . Pontifex scil . Maximus Episcopus Episcoporum dicit . Ego & maechis & fornicationis delict a paenitentiâ functis dimitto . Pamelius in his noate vpon this place , writes thus , Bene habet : & annotatu dignum quod etiamiam in haeresi constitutus , & aduersus Ecclesia●● scribens , Pontifice● Romanum Episcopum Episcoporum nuncupet , & infra Cap. 13. bonum Pastorem , & benedictum Papum & Cap. 21. Apostolicum . Thus Pamelius ; and presently la●ches forth into the Priuiledges of the See of Rome , and brings a number of testimonies for that forgery of Constantines donation . The like note hee hath in the life of Tertullian , where hee makes the Pope that set forth the former Edict to haue beene Zephyrinus ; quem , saith hee , Pontificem Maximum etiam iam haereticus Episcopum Episcoporum appellat . Baronius also makes no small account of this place , and saith , The title of the Pope is here to bee noted . And indeed , prima facie ( as you say ) they haue reason . But hee that shall well examine the whole web of Tertullians discourse , shall finde that hee speakes by a most bitter and scornefull Ironie , as Elias doth of Baal , when hee saith , hee is a God. The word scilicet might haue taught them thus much . Yea , the title Pontifex Maximus , which in those dayes , and almost two ages after , was a Pagan terme , neuer attibuted to a Christian Bishop , first laid downe by Gratian the Emperour , as Baronius also notes , in the yeere of our Lord , 383. because it ●auoured of Heathenish superstition , though it had beene , as a title of Royalty vsed by the former Christian Emperours , till that time . This title , I say , might haue made them perceiue Tertullians meaning ; vnlesse the immoderate desire of exalting the Papacie did so blind their eyes , that seeing , they saw , and yet perceiued not . In the same character , though with more mildnesse and moderation , is the same title for the other part of it , vsed by Saint Cyprian , in his Vote in the Councell of Carthage . Neque . n. quisquam nostrum se esse Episcopum Episcoporum constituit aut tyrannico terrore ad obsequendi necessitatem Collegas suos adigit . Bellarmine saith , hee speakes here of those Bishops that were in the Councell of Carthage ; and that the Bishop of Rome is not included in that sentence , who is indeed Bishop of Bishops . What! and doth hee tyranniously inforce his Colleagues to obedience also . For it is plaine that Cyprian ioynes these together , the one as the presumptuous title , the other as the iniurious act answering thereto , which hee calls plaine tyranny . And as plaine it is out of Firmilianus Epistle , which I vouched before , that Stephanus Bishop of Rome heard ill for his arrogancie and presuming vpon the place of his Bishopricke , Peters Chaire , to seuer himselfe from so many Churches , and breake the bond of peace , now with the Churches of the East in Asia , now of the South in Africke . And hee was in as ill conceit with Cyprian for his breaking good order , and communicating with Basilides and Martialis iustly depriued in Spaine ; as Saint Cyprian was with him , when he stiled him , a false Christ , and a false Apostle . But the holy Martyr was of a more patient and calme spirit , then to be moued with such reproaches ; nay , hee tooke occasion , as it should seeme , thereby to write of patience . From this mildnesse it was , that hee so closely taxed the presumption of him , that made himselfe Bishop of Bishops , and by terror ( which what it was Firmilianus Epistle shewes , threatning Excommunication ) would compell his Colleagues to his owne opinion . None of vs saith he , doth thus . As the Apostle , we preach not our selues ; we commend not our selues ; Wee are not as many , that adulterate the Word of God , &c. Bellarmine takes the first kindly . No maruell , saith hee , for this the Bishop of Romes due . But they goe together , hee must be content to take both , or leaue both . Such another place there is in Saint Augustines Epist. 86. the wordes are , Petr●● etiam inquit Apostolorum Capu● , coeli 〈◊〉 , & Ecclesia fundamentum . Where in the Margent , the Diuines of Louaine , the ouerseers of Plantines edition , set this note , Petrus Ecclesia fundamen●●m . Why might they not ? The words yee will say of the text . But these words of the text be not Saint Augustines , whose opinion is well enough knowne , That it is Christ confessed by Peter ; that is the foundation of the Church ; but they are the words of an vndiscreet railer * of the Citie of Rome , against whom Saint Augustine in all that Epistle most vehemently inueighs . This arrogant Author endeauours so to defend the Romane custome of fasting on the Saturday , as hee reproaches all other Churches that vsed otherwise . And that we may see with what Spirit he was led , he brings the same text that is brought , in Pope Siricius , and Innocentius Epistles , against the marriage of Clergie men , Qui in carne sunt Deo placere non possunt , and many other Scrip●ures wrested , and farre from the purpose ; at last comes the authoritie of Peter , and his tradition very Pope-like alledged , Peter , he saith , the head of the Apostles , porter of heauen , and foundation of the Church , hauing ouercome Simon the Sorc●rer , who was a figure of the Deuill , not to be ouercome but by fasting , thus taught the Romanes ; whose faith is famous in the whole world . I remit you to Saint Augustines answere to this tradition . This I note , that where your Censors do race out of the Margents of former editions , such notes as do expresse the very opinions of the ancients , and in their owne wordes , here they can allow and authorize such marginall notes , as are directly contrary to their meaning . Yea , which are earnestly oppugned by them ; when they seeme to make for the authoritie of the Pope . Good sir , examine well this dealing , and iudge if this bee not wresting the Fathers , and applying them cleane from their purpose . In fine , you found your selfe , you say , euidently conuinced . Perswaded , I beleeue , rather then conuinced . Else if the force and euidence of the Arguments , and not the pliablenesse of your minde were the cause of your yeelding , mee thinkes they should worke like effect in others , no lesse seriously seeking for truth , and setting all worldly respects aside , earnestly minding their owne saluation then your selfe . Which I well know they do not , neither those which hitherto haue beene examined , nor those which yet remaine to be considered in the rereward . CHAP. VIII . Of the Inuisibilitie of the Church , said to bee an euasion of Protestants . THe first whereof is , the dislike of the Protestants euasion , as you call it , by the inuisibilitie of their Church . Giue mee leaue here to tell you plainly , yee seeme to mee not to vnderstand the Protestants doctrine in this point . Else yee would haue spared all that , The Catholike Church must euer be visible , as a Citie set on a hill , otherwise how should shee teach her children , conuert Pagans , dispence Sacraments ? All this is yeelded with both hands . The Congregations of which the Catholike Church doth consist are visible . But the promise made to this Church , of victory against the gates of hell , the titles , of the house of God , the base and piller of Truth ( an allusion , as I take it , to the bases and pillers that held vp the veile or curtaines in the Tabernacle ) the body of Christ , his Doue , his vndefiled , are not verified of this Church in the whole visible bulke of it , but in those that are called according to Gods purpose , giuen to Christ , and kept by him to bee raised vp to life at the last day . This doctrine is Saint Augustines in many place● , which it would bee too tedious to set downe at large . In his third booke , De doctrina Christiana , among the rules of Tychonius , there is one which hee corrects a little for the tearmes , De Domini corpore bipertito ; which he saith , ought not to haue beene called so , for in truth that is not the Lords body , which shal not be with him for euer , but he should haue said of the Lords true body and mixt , or true and fained , or some such thing . Because not onely for euer , but euen now , hypocrites are not to be said to be with him , though they seeme to be in his Church . Consider those resemblances taken out of the holy Scripture , wherein that godly Father is frequent , of chaffe and wheat in the Lords floore , of good and bad fishes in the net , of spots and light in the Moone . Of the Church carnall and spirituall , of the wicked multitudes of the Church , yet not to be accounted in the Church . Of the lilly and the thornes ; those that are marked which mourne for the sinnes of Gods people , and the rest which perish , which yet beare his Sacraments . Consider the last Chapter of the booke , De Vnitate Ecclesiae , and that large Treatise which he hath of that matter , Epist. 48. The place is long , which deserues to bee read , for the obiection of the Vniuersality of Arianisme ( like to that of Papisme in these last ages ) which Saint Augustine answeres in the fifth booke , De Baptismo contra Donatistas cap. 27. That number of the iust , who are called according to Gods purpose , of whom it is said , The Lord knoweth who are his , is the inclosed garden , the sealed fountaine , the well of liuing waters , the orchard with Apples , &c. The like hee hath . l. 5. c. 3. & 23. he concludes , that because such are built vpon the Rocke , as heare the Word of God and doe it , and the rest vpon the sand : now the Church is built vpon the Rocke , all therefore that heare the Word of God and doe it not , are out of question without the Church . In the seuenth booke , cap. 51. Quibus omnibus consideratis● — Read and marke the whole Chapter . Out of these and many more like places , which I forbeare to mention , it appeares , that albeit the true Catholike Church is such as cannot bee hid , yet considering that it consists of two sorts of people , the one , which is the greater part , who doe not indeed properly belong to it : the other , the fewer , truely and properly so called , to whom all the glorious things spoken of the Church doe agree . The face therefore of the mixt Church may be ouer-run with scandals , as in all times almost . The greatest number may sometime bee Idolaters , as in the Kingdome of Israel vnder Achab. The principallest in authoritie may bee false teachers , as the Priests and Prophets in Ieremies time : the sonnes of pestilence may sit in Moses Chaire , as they did in Christs time . Yet still the Church is the ground and piller of Truth in the Elect : Ipsa est praedestinata columna & firmamentum veritatis . The Sheepe heare not Seducers , Iohn 10. 8. to wit , finally , and in any damnable point . Thus was it before Christ , thus since , thus in the Church of England , before , yea , and since it was reformed . Thus in that of Rome it selfe at this day . There is a distinction of Thomas , of those that be in the Church , which rightly ● interpreted agrees fully herewith . There are some , De Ecclesia numero tantum . Some , numero & merito . The former are such as haue onely fidem informem , the latter formatam . Now though the persons of such , as be in the Church be visible , yet the Faith and Charitie of men wee see not , and to argue from the priuiledges of the Church , numero & merito , to the Church , numero tantum , is a perpetuall , but a palpable para●ogisme of the Romish faction : which is grosser , yet when they argue to the Church representatiue ; and grossest of all when one man is made the Church , and he ( as themselues grant may fall out ) a Deuill incarnate . CHAP. IX . Of lacke of Vniformitie in matters of Faith , in all ages and places . ANd in this selfe same Paralogisme you were beguiled with , in the next point of Vniformitie and concord in matters of Faith. The true Church , yee say , ●uer holds such Vniformitie . It is vtterly false in the Visible and mixt Church , both before Christ and since . It is false in the Church of Rome it selfe ; whose new-coyned faith , patched to the Creed , by Pius the Fourth , came in peece-meale out of priuate opinions and corrupt vsages , nor euer was in any age vniformely holden , or taught as matter of Faith , euen in it , as it is at this day . So by your owne discourse it should be no true Church . And taking matters of faith so largely as it seemes you doe , in opposition to such things as bee cer●m●nies or of gouernment ; it is vntrue also of the Church of the Elect , or properly so called . For though the Faith in the principles thereof bee euer the same , yet many conclusions of Faith haue sometimes lien vnsearched out , and like some parts of the world vnknowne , till by the industrie of Gods seruants , occasioned also by the importunitie and opposition of Heretikes , they were discouered . Sundrie common errours also there haue beene , which in succeeding ages haue beene cleered and reformed : as , the ●hiliastes . That Angels haue bodies : That children after they be baptized are to be communicated : That Heretikes are to be rebaptized . To the Assumption First , the Protestants challenge not to themselues any Church as their owne ; which I must aduertise you of here , because formerly also you doe vse this phrase . The Church is Christs , both the visible and inuisible . Next , taking matters of Faith for foundations or articles of Faith necessarie to saluation , the Church of Christ hath in all ages had vniforme concord with the Protestants at this day in such matters , as appeareth by the common rule of Faith the Creede ; and so hath also the Church vnder the Popes tyrannie . As to the Trent-additions they are forraine to the Faith , as neither principles nor conclusions thereof : neither can your selues shew vniforme consent and concord in them ( and namely , in the 11. of them ) in any one age , especially as matters of saluation , as now they are canonized . How much lesse can yee shew it in all other conclusions of Faith ; whereabout there haue beene among you , as are now among vs , and euer will bee differences of opinions , without any prejudice for all that vnto the vnitie of the Faith of the Church , and title to the name of it . As for Wicliffe , Hus , and the rest , if they haue any of them borne record to the Truth , and resisted any innouation of corrupt Teachers in their times , euen to bloud , they are iustly to be termed Martyrs , yea albeit they saw not all corruptions , but in some were themselues carried away with the streame of error . Else , if because they erred in some things , they bee no Martyrs , or because wee dissent from them in some things , we are not of the same Church , both you and we must quit all claime to Saint Cyprian , Iustine Martyr , and many more whom wee count our Ancients , and Predecessors , and bereaue them also of the honour of Martyrdome , which so long they haue enjoyed : You see , I hope , by this time the weaknesse of your Argument . CHAP. X. Of the originall of reformation in Luther , Caluin ; Scotland , England , &c. IN your next Motiue taken from the originall of Reformation , before I come to answere your Argument shortly coucht in forme , I must endeuour to reforme your iudgement in sundrie points of storie , wherein partly you are misse-led and abused by Parsons and others of that spirit , partly you haue mistaken some particulars , and out of a false imagination framed a like discourse . First for Luther , it was not his ran●our against the Dominicans that stirred him vp against the Pope , but the shamefull merchandize of Indulgences , set to sale in Germanie , to the aduantage of Magdalen , sister to Pope Leo X. Beleeue herein if not Sleidan yet G●●cciardine l. 13. And of all that mention those affaires , it is acknowledged , that at the first , and for a good time he shewed all obedience , and reuerence to the Pope . The new Historie of the Councell of Trent , written by an Italian a subiect and part of the Church of Rome , as should appeare by the Epistle Dedicatorie of the Reuerend and learned Archbishop of Spalato , prefixed to his Maiestie , speaketh thus of the matter . Questo diede occasione , &c. This gaue occasion to Martin , to passe from Indulgences to the authoritie of the Pope , which being by others proclaymed for the highest in the Church , by him was made subiect to a Generall Councell lawfully celebrated . Whereof hee said that there was neede in that instant , and vrgent necessitie . And as the heat of disputation continued , by how much the more the Popes power was by others exalted , so much the more was it by him abased , yet so as Martin contayned himselfe within the termes of speaking modestly of the person of Leo , and sauing sometimes his iudgement . Againe , After his departure from the presence of Cardinall Cajetan at Augusta , hee saith , hee wrote a letter to the Cardinall , confessing that hee had beene too vehement , and excusing himselfe by the importunitie of the Pardoners , and of those that had written against him , promising to vse more modestie in time to come , to satisfie the Pope , and not to speake any more of Indulgences , prouided that his aduersaries would doe the like . This was Luthers manner at the first , till the Bull of Pope Leo came out , dated the ninth of Nouember , 1518. Wherein he declared the validitie of Indulgences , and that hee as Peters Successor and Christs Vicar had power to grant them for the quicke and dead ; that this is the doctrine of the Church of Rome , the Mother and Mistris of all Christians , and ought to bee receiued of all that would bee in the Communion of the Church . From this time forward Luther began to change his stile , And ( saith he ) as before hee had for the most part reserued the person and iudgement of the Pope , so after this Bull he resolued to refuse it , and thereupon put forth an Appeale to the Councell ▪ &c. You see then how submissiuely Luther at first carried himself . But extreme tyrannie ouer-comes often a well prepared patience . Touching his causing rebellion also against the Emperour , yee are misse-informed : his aduice was asked about the association of the Protestants at Smalcald , hee said plainly , hee could not see how it could bee lawfull , further then for their owne defence , Ioh. Bodin , in his second Booke de Repub . cap. 5. hath these wordes . We reade also that the Protestant Princes of Almaine before they tooke armes against the Emperour , demanded of Martin Luther if it were lawfull . He answered freely that it was not lawfull , whatsoeuer tyrannie , or impietie were pretended . He was not beleeued ; so the end thereof was miserable , and drew after it the ruine of great and illustrious houses of Germanie . As for the warre in Germanie it began not till after Luthers death , neither was it a rebellion of the Protestants ; the truth is they stood for their liues . The Emperour with the helpe of the Popes both mony and armes , intended to roote them out ; and although at the first the Emperour did not auow his raysing armes against them to be for Religion , yet the Pope in his Iubilee published vpon this occasion , did not let to declare to the world , that himselfe and Caesar had concluded a league to reduce the H●retikes by force of armes to the obedience of the Church , and therefore all should pray for the good successe of the warre . That Luther euer reuiled the Emperour , I did neuer till now heare or reade , and therefore would desire to know what authors you haue for it . Touching other Princes , namely , King Henrie the eighth , I will not defend him , who condemned himselfe thereof . It is true that he was a man of a bold and high stomacke , and specially fitted thereby through the prouidence of God , to worke vpon the heauie and dull disposition of the Almaines , and in so generall a Lethargie , as the world then was in , hee carried himself ( as fell out somtimes ) very ●oisterously . But arrogancie , sch●sme , rebellion , were as farre from him , as the intention itself to plant a Church . As to his Vow-breaking lastly , if that Vow were foolishly made and sinfully kept , it was iustly broken : perhaps also charitably , if hee would by his owne example reforme such , as liued in whoredome , and other vncleannes , and induce them to vse the remedie that God hath appointed for the auoiding of them , to wit , honorable marriage . All this matter touching Luther , vnlesse I be ●eceiued , you haue taken from 〈◊〉 Harding ; that at least touching his rancour against the Dominicans , for it is his very phrase . But Master Harding both in this , and many things else discouereth his passion , and lack of true information in this affaire . When with one breath he affirmeth , that , first , it was a Pardon of a Croisade against the Turkes which was preached whereas it was an Indulgence to those that should put their helping hands for the building of Saint Peters Church at Rome , as the Articles of this Pardon printed in English , one of the Copies whereof I haue my selfe , doe shew . Secondly , next hee saith the preaching hereof was granted to Friar Iohn Tetzet . It was Friar Iohn Thecel , or Tecel . Thirdly , hee saith , the Elector of Mentz Albert granted this to T●ecel and the Dominicans , whereby Luther was bereft of the gaine hee exspected . The truth is , it was Aremboldus a Bishop liuing at the Court of Rome , whom ( hauing before been a Merchant of Genoa ) Magdalen the Popes sister put in trust with this merchandize , that appointed the Dominicans to bee the retaylers of these Pardons . The Archbishop of Mentz had nothing to doe with it , otherwise then to allow and suffer it , which occasioned Luther to write to him , as to the Bishop of Brandenburgh , and to Leo himselfe , to represse the impudence of the Pardoners . And Luther saith further in one place , that the Archbishop vndertooke to giue countenance to this businesse , with that condition , that the halfe of the prey should goe to the Pope , and himselfe might haue the other halfe to pay for his Pall. By these errors hea●ed together it may appeare what credit it is like Master Hardings tale be wort●y of , touching the remnant , that of rancour and malice against the Dominicans , and because hee was bereaued of that sweet morsell , which in hope hee had almost swallowed downe , Luther made this st●rre . A hard thing mee thinks it is , for any that liued at that day to set downe what was in Luthers heart , what were his hopes , his desires , rancour , and spleene ; much more for Master Harding , most of all for you and mee . When the actions of men haue an appearance of good , Charitie would hope the best , Pietie would reserue the iudgement of the intention to God. Let vs come to Caluin , touching whom I maruell not much that you say nothing of all that which Bolseck brings against him , who being by his meanes chased out of Geneua , discouereth as I remember in the verie enetance , that hee was requested by some of his good Masters to write against him . I once saw the book while I liued in Cambridge ; it hath no shew of probabilitie that Caluin would goe about to worke a miracle to confirme his doctrine , who teacheth that miracles are no sure and sufficient proofe of doctrine . I maruell rather that euen in reading Doctor Bancroft , Master Hooker , and Sarauia , all opposites to Cal●in in the question of Church Discipline , and therefore not all the fittest to testifie of him or his actions , all late Writers , and strangers to the Estate and affaires of Geneua : of whom therefore besides their bare word , sufficient proofe were to bee required of what they say , you not onely receiue whatsoeuer they bring , but more then they bring . You say , they proue what neuer came in their mindes ; and what is not onely vtterly vntrue , but euen vnpossible . As that Caluin by his vnquietnes and ambition reuolued the State of Geneua , so vni●stly expelling and depriuing the Bishop of Geneua , and other Temporall Lords , of their due obedience , and ancient inheritance . When as the Bishop and Clergie of Geneua , vpon the throwing downe Images there by popular tumult , departed in an anger , seuen yeeres ere euer Caluin se● foot within the gates of that Citie . A thing not onely cleere in storie , by the Writers of that time , and since , Sleidan , Bodine , Caluins Epistles , and life , but set down by those whom yee cite . Master Hooker in his Preface speaking of Caluin . Hee fell at length vpon Geneua , which Citie the Bishop and Clergie thereof , had a little before , as some doe affirme , forsaken , being of likelyhood frighted with the peoples sudden attempt for the abolishment of Popish Religion . And a little after . At the comming of Caluin thither , the forme of their Regiment was popular , as it continueth at this day , &c. Doctor Bancroft . The same yeere that Geneua was assaulted viz. by the Duke of Sauoy , and the Bishop , as he had said before , Page 13. ) which was Anno 1536. Master Caluin came thither . If Caluin at his comming found the forme of the gouernment popular , If hee came thither the same yeere that the Bishop made war vpon Geneua to recouer his authoritie , being indeede either affrighted , or hauing forsaken the Towne before , how could Caluin expel him ? And in truth Bodine in his second Booke , De Rep. Chapter sixt , affirmeth , That the same yeere Genoa was established in a State Aristocraticall , which was , hee saith , Anno 1528. Geneua was changed from a Monarchy Pontificall , into an Estate Popular , gouerned Aristocratically , although that long before the Towne pretended to bee free , against the Earle , and against the Bishop , &c. What Sarauia hath written touching this point I cannot tell , as not hauing his Booke . But in Beza his answere to him , there is no touch vpon any such thing . He ioynes with his complaint , of the sacrilegious vsurping Ecclesiasticall goods , in answere to his Proême . He dissents in that Sarauia accounts the Seniors of the reformed Churches like to that kinde which Saint Ambrose speakes of , brought in out of wisdome onely , to rule the disorderly . Beza saith , they were not introducti , but reducti , Cap. 12. For the rest in all that answere there is nothing of Caluin , or any such reuoluing of the state as you accuse him of . Which makes mee thinke , that herein your memorie deceiued you . It may be that in your younger time , falling vpon these Authors , by occasion of the question of Discipline , which was then much tossed , ere euer your iudgement were ripened , you formed in your minde a false impression of that which they say of Caluin . You conceited them out of your zeale in the cause , to say more then they do , & thus possible vnawares receiued the seeds of dislike of the doctrine of Caluin , as well as his discipline , which haue since taken root in you . But you shall doe well to remember , the difference you put a little before of these two ▪ Christian doctrine is vniforme and euer the same ; gouernment is changeable in many circumstances , according to the exigence of times and persons . And euen the same men that write somewhat eagerly against Master Caluin , yet giue him the pra●se of wisdome to see what for that time and state was necessarie . Master Hooker saith of him , That he thinkes him incomparably the wisest man that euer the French Church did enioy since the houre it enioyed him , and of his platforme of discipline , after hee hath laid downe the summe of it . This deuice I see not how the wisest at that time liuing could haue bettered , if wee duely consider what the present state of Geneua did then require . But bee it ( and for my part I thinke no lesse ) that herein hee was mistaken , to account this to bee the true forme of Church policie , by which all other Churches , and at all times ought to bee gouerned ; let his error rest with him , yea , let him answere it vnto his Iudge ; but to accuse him of ambition , and sedition , and that falsly , and from thence to set that brand vpon the reformation , whereof he was a worthy instrument ( though not the first either there , or any where else ) as if it could not bee from God , being so founded ; for my part I am afraide you can neuer bee able to answere it , at the same Barre ; no , nor euen that of your owne conscience , or of reasonable and equall men . For the stirres , broiles , seditions , and murthers in Scotland , which you impute to Knox and , and the Geneua Gospellers , they might be occasioned perhaps by the reformers there , as the broiles which our Lo●d Iesus Christ saith he came to set in the world by the Gospell . Possible also , that good men out of incōsiderate zeale , should do some things rashly . And like enough the multitude which followed them , as being foreprepared with a iusthatred of the tyrannie of their Prelates , and prouoked by the opposition of the aduerse faction , & emboldned by success● , ran a great deale further then either wise men could foresee , or tell how to restraine them . Which was applauded and fomented by some politicke men , who tooke aduantage of those motions to their owne ends . And as it happens in naturall bodies , that all ill humors runne to the part affected , so in ciuill , all discontented people when there is any sorance runne to one or other side ; and vnder the shew of common griefes , pursue their owne . Of all which distempers , there is no reason to lay the blame vpon the seekers of reformation , more then vpon the Phisitians , of such accidents as happen to the corrupted bodies which they haue in cure . The particulars of those affaires are as I beleeue alike vnknown to vs both , and since you name none , I can answere to none . For as for the pursuing our King euen before his birth , that which his Maiestie speakes of some Puritans , is ouer-boldly by you referred to Master Knox and the Ministers , that were authors of Reformation in Scotland . Briefely , consider and suruey your owne thoughts , and see if you haue not come by these degrees● First , from the inconsiderate courses of some to plant the pretended Discipline in Scotland , to conceiue amisse of the Doctrine also . Then to draw to the encreasing of your ill conceit thereof , what you finde reported of any of the Puritans , a faction no lesse opposed by his Maiesty in Scotland then with vs in England . So when we speake of religion ( though that indeede be all one ) yee diuide vs into Lutherans , Zwinglians , Caluinists , Protestants , Brownists , Puritans , & Cartwrightists , whensoeuer any disorder of all this number can be accused , then loe are we all one , and the faul● of any faction is the slander of all , yea of the Gospell it selfe , and of reformation . Iudge now vprightly if this be indifferent dealing . From Scotland you come to England . Where because you could finde nothing done by popular tumult , nothing but by the whole state in Parliament , and Clergie in Conuocation , you fall vpon King Henries passions , you will not insist vpon them you say ; and yet you doe , as long as vpon any one member of your induction , though it matters little whether you doe or no , since F. Parsons will needes auerre that hee liued and died of your religion . Here first you mention , his violent diuorcing himselfe from his lawfull wife . Wee will not now debate the question how his Brothers wife could bee his lawfull wife : you must now say so . Whatsoeuer the Scriptures , Councels , almost all Vniuersities of Christendome determined . Yet mee thinkes it should moue you that Pope Clement himselfe had consigned to Cardinal Campegius a Breue formed to sentence for the King , in as ample manner as could be , howsoeuer vpon the successe of the Emperours affaires , in Italie and his own occasions , he sent a special messenger to him to burn it . But what violence was this that you speake of ? The matter was orderlie and iudiciouslie by the Arch-bishop of Canterbury with the assistance of the learnedest of the Clergie according to the ancient Canons of the Church , and lawes of the Realme heard and determined . That indeede is more to be maruelled at , what moued him to fall out with the Pope his friend in whose quarrell he had so far engaged himselfe , as to write against Luther , of whom also he was so rudelie handled as you mention before ; hauing receiued also for some part of recompence , the title of the Defender of the Faith , hauing beene so chargeablie thankefull to the Pope for it . All these things considered , it must be said , this vnkindnesse and slipperie dealing of Clement with him was from the Lord , that hee might haue an occasion against the Pope , and that it might appeare that it was not humane counsell , but diuine prouidence that brought about the banishment of the Popes tyrannie from among vs. His marriage with the Ladie Anne Bullen , her death , and the rest which you mention of the abling or disabling her issue to inherit the Crown , I see not what it makes to our purpose . The suppression of the Monasteries , was not his sole Act , but of the whole State , with the consent also of the Clergie , and taken out of Cardinall Wolsey his example , yea , founded vpon the Popes authoritie granted to him , to dissolue the smaller houses of religion , on pretence to defray the charges of his sumptuous buildings at Oxford and l●swich , wherein if it pittie you ( as I confesse it hath sometimes mee ) that such goodly buildings are defaced and ruined , wee must remember what God did to Sh●loh , yea to Ierusalem it selfe , and his Temple there . And that Oracle , Euery tree that beareth not good fruit shall be cut downe , and cast into the fire . You demand , If this man , King Henry , were a good head of Gods Church ? What if I should demand the same touching Alexander the Sixth , Iulius the Second , Leo the Tenth , or twentie more of the Catalogue of Popes , in respect of whom King Henry might bee canonized for a Saint ? But there is a storie in Tullies Offices of one Lutatius , that laid a wager that he was ( bonus vir ) a good man ; and would bee iudged by one Fimbria , a man of Consular dignitie . Hee , when he vnderstood the case , said , Hee would neuer iudge that matter , least either hee should diminish the reputation of a man well esteemed of , or set downe that any man was a good man ; which hee accounted to consist in an innumerable sort of excellencies and praises . That which hee said of a good man , with much more reason may I s●y , of a good King , one of whose highest excellencies is to bee a good head of the Church . And therefore it is a question which I will neuer take vpon mee to answere , whether King Henry were such or no , vnlesse you will before hand interpret this word as fauourably , as Guicciardine doth tell vs men are wont to doe in the censuring your heads of the Church . For Popes , he saith , now adayes are praised for their goodnesse , when they exceed not the wickednesse of other men . After this description of a good head of the Church , or if yee will that of Cominaeus , which saith hee is to bee counted a good King , whose vertues exceeds his vices . I wil not doubt to say King Henry may be enrolled among the number of good Kings . In speciall , for his executing that highest dutie of a good King , the imploying his authoritie in his Kingdome , to command good things , and forbid euill , not onely concerning the ciuill estate of men , but the religion also of God. Witnesse his authorizing the Scriptures ●o be had and read in Churches in our Vulgar tongue , enioyning the Lords Prayer , the Creed , and ten Commandements to bee taught the people in English , abolishing superfluous Holy-dayes , pulling downe those iugling Idols , whereby the people were seduced , namely , the Rood of Grace , whose eyes and lips were moued with wires , openly shewed at Pauls Crosse , and pulled asunder by the people . Aboue all , the abolishing of the Popes tyranny , and merchandise of Indulgences , & such like chafer out of England . Which Acts of his whosoeuer shall vnpartially consider of , may well esteeme him a better head to the Chur●h of England , then any Pope these thousand yeeres . In the last place you come to the Hugenots and Geuses , of France and Holland . You lay to their charge , the raising of ciuill warres , shedding of bloud , occasioning rebellion , rapine , desolations , principally for their new religion . In the latter part you write , I confesse , somewhat reseruedly , when you say , occasioning , not causing , and principally , not onely and wholly , for religion . But the words going before , and the exigence of your argument require , that your meaning should be , they were the causers of these disorders . You bring to my minde a story , whether of the same Fimbria that I mentioned before , or another , which hauing caused Quintus Scaeuola to bee stab'd ( as F. Paulo was , while I was at Venice ) after he vnderstood that he escaped with his life , brought his action against him , for not hauing receiued the weapon wholly into his body . These poore people hauing endured such barbarous cruelties , massacres , and martyrdomes , as scarce the like can be shewed in all stories , are now accused by you as the Authors of all they suffered . No , no , Master Wadesworth , they bee the Lawes of the Romane religion , that are written in bloud . It is the bloudy Inquisition , and the perfidious violating of the Edicts of Pacification , that haue set France and Flanders in combustion . An euident argument whereof may b●e , for Flanders , that those Geuses that you mention , were not all Caluinists ( as you are mis-informed ) the chiefe of them were Romane Catholikes ; as namely , Count Egmond , and Horne , who lost their heads for standing , and yet onely by petition , against the new impositions , and the Inquisition , which was sought to bee brought in vpon those Countries . The which when the Vice-roy of Naples , D. Petro de Toledo would haue once brought in there also , the people would by no meanes abide , but rose vp in Armes to the number of 50000. which sedition could not bee appeased , but by deliuering them of that feare . The like resistance , though more quietly carried , was made when the same Inquisition should haue beene put vpon Millaine , sixteene yeeres after . Yet these people were neither Geuses nor Caluinists . Another great meanes to alienate the mindes of the people of the Low-countries from the obedience of the Catholike Maiestie , hath beene the seueritie of his Deputies there , one of which leauing the gouernment after hee had in a few yeeres put to death * 8000. persons , it is reported to haue been said , the Countrie was lost with too much lenitie . This speech Meursius concludes his Belgick history with all . And as for France , the first broiles there , were not for religion , but for the preferring the house of Guis● , and disgracing the Princes of the bloud . True it is that each side aduantaged themselues by the colour of religion , and vnder pretence of zeale to the Romane , the Guisians murthered the Protestants , being in the exercise of their religion assembled together , against the Kings Edict , against all Lawes and common humanitie . And tell ●ee in good sooth ▪ Master Wadesworth , doe you approue such barbarous crueltie ? Doe you allow the butchery at Paris ? Doe you thinke subiects are bound to giue their throates to bee cut by their fellow subiects , or to their Princes at their meere wills against their owne Lawes and Edicts ? You would know , quo iure , the Protestants warres in France and Holland are iustified . First , the Law of Nature , which not onely alloweth , but inclineth and inforceth euery liuing thing , to defend it selfe from violence . Secondly , that of Nations , which permitteth those that are in the protection of others , to whom they owe no more but an honourable acknowledgement , in case they goe about to make themselues absolute Souereignes , and vsurpe their libertie , to resist and stand for the same . And if a lawfull Prince ( which is not yet Lord of his Subiects liues and goods ) shall attempt to despoile them of the same , vnder colour of red●cing them to his owne religion after all humble remonstrances , they may stand vpon their owne guard , and being assailed , repell force with force , as did the Macchabees vnder Antiochus . In which case notwithanding , the person of the Prince himselfe , ought alwaies to be sacred and inuiolable , as was Sauls to Dauid . Lastly , if the inraged Minister of a lawfull Prince , will abuse his authoritie against the fundamentall Lawes of the Countrie , it is no rebellion to defend themselues against force , reseruing still their obedience to their Souereigne inuiolate . These are the Rules of which the Protestants that haue borne Armes in France and Flanders , and the Papists also both there and elsewhere , as in Naples , that haue stood for the defence of their liberties , haue serued themselues . How truely I esteeme it hard for you and mee to determine , vnlesse we were more throughly acquainted with the Lawes and Customes of those Countries , then I for my part am . Once for the Low-Countries , the world knowes that the Dukes of Burgundy were not Kings or absolute Lords of them , which are holden partly of the Crowne of France , and partly of the Empire . And of Holland in particular they were but Earles . And whether that title carries with it such a Souereigntie , as to bee able to giue new Lawes , without their consents , to impose tributes , to bring in garisons of strangers , to build Forts , to assubjects their honors and liues to the dangerous triall of a new Court , proceeding without forme or figure of iustice , any reasonable man may well doubt ; themselues doe vtterly denie it . Yet you say boldly they are Rebels , and aske why wee did support them ? It seemes to some that his Catholike Maiestie doth absolue them in the treatie of the Truce , An. 1608. of all imputation of rebellion . And if they were Rebels , especially for heresie , why did the most Christian King support them ? As for Queene Elizabeth , if shee were aliue , shee would answer your question with another . Why did Spaine concurre in practice and promise aide to that detestable conspiracie that was plotted against her by Pius V. as you may see at large in his life , written by Girolamo Catena ? It is , you say , an easie matter to pretend priuiledges . But it is no hard matter to discerne pretended priuiledges from true , and Treason from Reason of State , and old corruptions from old Religion . But to take armes to change the Lawes by the whole Estate established , is treason whatsoeuer the cause or colour be : and therefore is was treason in the Rebels of Lincolnshire and Yorkshire in King Henries dayes , and in the Earles of the North in Queene Elizabeths , though they pretended their old Religion : and the same must bee said of all Assasinates attempted against the persons of Princes , as Parryes , Someruilles , Squires , against Queene Elizab●th , and the late powder-plot the eternall shame of Poperie against King Iames. To your Argument therefore in forme , admitting that it is no true Church , which is founded and begun in malice , disobedience , passion , bloud , and rebellion , no nor yet a true reformation of a Church ( for in truth the Protestants pretend not to haue founded any . ) The Assumption is denyed in euery part of it . And here I must needes say you haue not done vnwisely to leaue out the Church of England , as against which you had no pretence , all things hauing been carried orderly , and by publike counsell . But you haue wronged those which you name , and either lightly beleeued , or vnjustly surmised your selfe , touching Luther , Caluin , Knox , the French , and the Hollanders , when you make them the raysers of rebellion and shedders of bloud . Whose bloud hath beene shed like water in al parts of those countries , against all Lawes of God and Man against the Edicts and publike Faith , till necessitie enforced them to stand for their liues . Yet you presume that all this is euident to the world , whereas it is so false and improbable , yea in some parts impossible , as I wonder how your heart could assure your hand to write it . Giue me here leaue to set down by occasion of this your motiue , that which I professe next to the euidence of those corruptions which the Court and faction of Rome maintaynes , hath long moued my selfe . And thus I would enlarge your Proposition . That Monarchie ( as now without lisping it cals it selfe ) which was founded , supported , enlarged , and is yet maintayned by pride , ambition , rebellion , treason , murthering of Princes , warres , dispensing with perjurie , and incestuous marriages , spoiles and robberie of Churches , and Kingdomes , worldly policie , force and falshood , forgerie , lying , and hypocrisie , is not the Church of Christ , and his Kingdome , but the tyrannie of Antichrist . The Papacie falsely calling it selfe the Church of Rome is such . Erg● . The Assumption shall bee proued in euery part of it , and in truth is alreadie by the learned and truly noble Lord of Plessis in his Mysterium iniquit at is . But his booke I suppose you cannot view , and it would require a iust volume to shew it , though but shortly . It shall bee therefore , if you will , the taske of another time . And yet because I doe not loue to leaue things wholly at randon , consider a few instances in some of these . Pope B●niface III. obtayned that proud and ambitious title of Oecumenicall , so much detested by Saint Gregorie . Pope Constantine and Gregorie the second , reuolted Italie from the Greeke Emperours obedience , forbidding to pay tribute or obey them . Pope Zacharie animated Pipine high Steward of France , to depose Chilperick his Lord , and dispensed with the oathes of his subiects . Pope Stephen II. most treacherously and vniustly perswaded the same Pipine not to restore the Exarchate of Ranenna to the Emperour , after he had recouered it from Astulfus King of Lombards , but to giue it to him . Pope Nicholas II. and Gr●gorie VII . parted the prey with the Normans in Calabria , and Apulia , creating them Dukes thereof , to hold the Emperour of Constantinoples countrie in vassallage of them . This latter also was the first as all Historians accord , that euer attempted to depose the Emperour , against whom hee most impiously stirred vp his owne children , which most lamentably brought him to his end . Pope Paschal II. would not suffer ( for the full accomplishment of this Tragedie ) his sonne to burie him . Pope Adrian IV. demanded homage of the Emperor Frederick , Alexander III. trode on his neck . Celestine III. crowned Henrie VI. with his feet . Innocent IV. stirred vp Fredericke the seconds owne seruants to poison him , practised with the Sultan of Aegypt to breake with him . This is that Innocent , of whose extortions Matthew Paris relates so much in our storie ; whom the learned , zealous , and holy Bishop of Lincolne on his death-bed proued to be Antichrist , and in a vision strooke so with his Crosier-staffe that hee died . Boniface VIII . challenged both swords , pretended to be superiour to the King of France in temporall things also . Clement V. would in the vacancie of the Empire , that all the Cities and Countries thereof should be vnder his disposition , made the Duke of Venice , Dandalus , couch vnder his Table with a chaine on his neck like a dogge , ere he would grant peace to the Venetians . This Clement the V. commanded the Angels to carrie their soules to heauen , that should take the Crosse to fight for the holy Land. What shall I say more ? I am wearie with writing thus much , and yet in all this I doe not insist vpon priuate and personall faults , blasphemies , perjuries , necromancies , murthers , barbarous cruelties , euen vpon one another , aliue and dead , nor on whoredomes , incests , sodomies , open pillages , besides the perpetuall abuse of the censures of the Church . I insist not vpon these , more then you did vpon King Henries passions . I tell you not of him that called the Gospell a fable , or another that instituted his Agnus Deis to strangle sinne like Christs bloud . Of him that dispensed with one to marrie his owne sister ( for the vncle to marrie with the neece , or a woman to marrie two brothers , a man two sisters by dispensation , is no rare thing at this day . ) The facultie to vse Sodomie , the storie of Pope Ioane , are almost incredible , and yet they haue Authors of better credit then Bolseck . It may bee said that Iohn the two and twentieth called a deuill incarnate , that Alexander VI. the poisoner of his Cardinals , the adulterer of his sonne in lawes bed , incestuous defiler of his owne daughter , and riuall in that villanie to his sonne , sinned as men , which empeacheth not the credit of their office . That Paulu● V. Vice-deus takes too much vpon him , when hee will bee Pope-almightie ; but the chaire is without error . Wherein , not to insist for the present , but admitting it as true that wickednesse of mens persons doth not impeach the holinesse of their functions , which they haue receiued of God , nor make Gods ordinances , as his Word and Sacraments of none effect . But tell me for Gods loue , Master Waddesworth , is it likely that this Monarchie thus sought , thus gotten , thus kept , thus exercised , is of God ? Are these men that wholly forsaking the feeding of the flocke of God dreame of nothing now but Crowns and Scepter● , serue to the Church to no vse in the world , vnlesse it be to breake the ancient Canons , and oppresse with their power all that shall but vtter a free word against their ambition and tyrannie , are they , I will not say with you , good heads of Gods Church , but members of it , and not rather limbes of Satan ? Consider those Texts : My Kingdome is not of this world , Vos autem non sic . Consider the charge which Saint Peter giues to his fellow Presbyters , 1. Pet. 5. 2 , 3 , 4. Now I beseech our Lord deliuer his Church from this tyrannie , and blesse you from being a member of such a Head. CHAP. XI . Of lacke of succession , Bishops , true Ordinations , Ord●rs , Priesthood . I Come now to your motiue from succession . Where I maruell first , that leauing the succession of Doctrine , which is farre more proper and intrinsecall to the Churches being , you stand vpon that of Persons and Offices . Yea , and about them too , immediately passe from that which is of Essence , to the externall formalities in consecration and ordination , according to the ancient Councels . Haue you forgotten what you said right now , that matters of ceremonie and gouernment are changeable ? Yea , but in France , Holland , and Germanie , they haue no Bishops . First , what if I should defend they haue ? because a Bishop and a Presbyter are all one , as Saint Ierome maintaines , and prooues out of holy Scripture , and the vse of Antiquitie . Of which iudgement , as Medina confesseth , are sundrie of the ancient Fathers , both Greeke and Latine● Saint Ambrose , Augustine , Seduliu● , Primasius , Chrysostome , Theodorit , Oecumenius , and Theophylact : which point I haue largely treated of in another place , against him that vndertooke Master Alablasters quarrell . Besides , those Churches in Germanie haue those whom they call Superintendents , and generall Superintendents , as out of Doctor Bancroft by the testimonie of Zanchius , and sundrie Germane Diuines , you might perceiue . Yea , and where these are not , as in Geneua ; and the French Churches , yet there are , saith Zanchius , ●sually certaine chiefe men that doe in a manner beare all the sway , as if order it selfe and necessitie led them to this course . And what are these but Bishops indeede , vnlesse wee shall wrangle about names , which for reason of State those Churches were to abstaine from . As for that you say Lay men intermed●le there with the making of their Ministers , if you meane the election of them , they haue reason ; for anciently the people had alwayes a right therein , as Saint Cyprian writes to the Churches of Leon and Astorga there in Spaine , Plebs ipsa maxime habet potestatem vel eligendi dignos Sacerdotes vel indignos recusandi ; and in sundrie places of Italie this vsage doth continue to this day . If yee meane it in Ordination , yee are deceiued , and wrong these Churches , as Bellarmine himselfe will teach you , lib. De Cl●ricis , cap. 3. For amongst the Lutherans and Caluinists also , saith hee , which haue taken away almost all Ecclesiasticall rites , they onely lay on hands and make Pastors and Ministers , who though they be not Pastors and Bishops indeede would be so accounted and called . In England you misse first the lesser orders , and say , we are made Ministers per saltum , as if all that are made Priests among you were Psalmists , Sextens , Readers , Ex●rcists , Torch-bearers , Subdeacons , and Deacons before . Remember I pray what the Master of the Sentences saith of Deaconship and Priesthood . Hos solos primitiu● Ecclesia legitur habuisse , & de his solis praeceptum Apostoli habemus . Hee meanes in the Epistles to T●●othy and Titus . Againe , Subdiaeonos vere & Acolythos precede●te tempore Ecclesia sibi constituit . What ? and were the Primitiue and Apostolike Churches no true Churches ? or neede wee to bee ashamed to bee like them ? Besides , those Councels that yee speake of , it should seeme were of no great either antiquitie or authoritie , when not onely Presbyters , without passing through any order , but Bishops without being so much as baptized , were ordayned . As Nectarius of Constantinople , Synesius of Cyrene , Ambrose of Millaine , Constantine II. of Rome it selfe . This therefore is a very sleight exception . Your next is well worse , touching the Ordination at the Nags-head , where the Consecration of our first Bishops , as you say was attempted , but not effected . It is certaine , you say , and you are sure there was such a matter , although you know , and haue seene the records themselues , that afterward there was a Consecration of Doctor Parker at Lambeth . Alas Master Wadesworth , if you bee resolued to beleeue lies , not onely against publike Acts , and your owne eye-sight , but against all probabilitie , who can helpe it ? I had well hoped to haue found that ingenuitie in you , that I might haue vsed your testimony vnto others of that side , touching the vanitie of this fable , as hauing shewed you the Copie of the record of Doctor Parkers consecration , which I had procured to bee transcribed out of the Acts , which your selfe also at your returne from London , told mee you saw in a blacke Booke . Now I perceiue by your perplexed writing , and enterlining in this part of your Letter , you would faine discharge your conscience , and yet vphold this lie , perhaps , as loth to offend that side where you now are : and therefore you haue deuised this temper , that the one was attempted , the other effected . But it will not bee . For first of all , if that at the Nags-head were but attempted , what is that to the purpose of our Ordinations , which are not deriued from it , but from the other , which as you say was effected at Lambeth ? And are you sure there was such a matter ? How are you sure ? Were you present there in person , or haue you heard it of those that were present ? Neither of both I suppose : but if it were so that some bodie pretending to haue beene there present told you so much , how are you sure that hee lied not in saying so ; much more when you haue it but at the third , or fourth hand , perhaps the thirtieth or fortieth . But consider a little , is it probable that men of that sort , in an action of that importance , and at the beginning of the Queenes reigne , when especially it concerned both them and her to prouide , that all things should bee done with reputation , would bee so hastie and heedlesse , as to take a Tauerne for a Church ? Why might they not haue gone to the next Church as well ? They thought to make the old Catholike Bishop drunken . Thus the Wisbich and Framyngham Priests were wont to tell the tale . Is it likely that they would not forethinke that possible this good old man would not drinke so freely as to bee drunken , and if hee were , yet would not be in the humour to doe as they would haue him ? for who can make any foundation vpon what another would doe in his cups ? What a scorne would this bee to them ? Men are not alwaies so prouident in their actions . True , but such men are not to bee imagined so so●tish , as to attempt so solemne an action , and ioyned commonly with some great feast , and as you obserued well out of the Acts , with the Queens mandate for the action to be done , and hang all vpon a drunken fit of an old man. Besides , how comes it to passe that wee could neuer vnderstand the names of the old Bishop , or of those whom hee should haue consecrated , or which consecrated themselues , when hee refused to doe it . For so doe your men giue it out ; howsoeuer you say , it was not there effected . And in all the space of Queene Elizabeths reigne , wherein so many set themselues against the reformation by her established , is it possible wee should neuer haue heard word of it , of all the English on that side the Seas , if it had beene any other then a flying tale ? After fortie fiue yeeres , there is found at last an Irish Iesuite that dares put it in print , to proue by it as now you doe , that the Parliamentary Pastors lacke holy orders . But he relates sundry particulars , and brings his proofes . For the purpose , this ordainer or consecrater , hee saith , was Laudasensis Episcopus home senex & simplex . His name ? Nay , that yee must pardon him . But of what Citie or Diocesse was hee Bishop ? for wee haue none of that title . Here I thought once that by errour it had beene put for Landaffensis of Landaffe in Wales , saue that three times in that Narration it is written La●dasensis ; which notwithstanding , I continued to bee of the same minde , because I found Bishop Boners name twice alike false written Bomerus . But loe in the Margent a direction to the Booke , De Schismate fol. 166. where hee saith this matter is touched , and it is directly affirmed , that they performed the Office of Bishops , without any Episcopall consecration . Againe , that great labour was vsed without an Irish Arch-bishop in prison at London to ordaine them , but hee could by no meanes be brought thereto . So it seemes we must passe out of Wales into Ireland , to finde the See of this Bishop or Archbishop . But I beleeue we may saile from thence to Virginia to seeke him ; for in Ireland we shal not find him . Let vs come to those that he should haue ordained , what were there names ? Candidati , if that wil content you , more yee get not . Why they might haue been remembred as well as the Nags-head , as well as Boners name , and his See , and that hee was Dean● of the Bishops , hee meanes of the Archbishopricke , sede vacante , and that he sent his Chaplaine ( his name also is vnknowne ) to forbid the Ordination . At least their Sees . To cut the matter short . Quid plura ? Scoraeus Monachus post Herefordensis pseudo-episcopus coeteris , ex coeteris quidam , Scor aeo manus imponunt : fiuntque sine patre fili● & pater à fili●s procreatur , res seculis omnibus inauditae . Here is at length some certaintie : some truth mingled among , to giue the better grace , and to be as it were the Vehiculum of a lie . For Iohn Scory , in King Edward his times , Bishop of Chichester , and after of Hereford , was one of those that ordained Doctor Parker , and preached at his ordination . But that was the ordination effected as you call it : wee are now in that which was not effected , but attempted onely . And here wee seeke againe , who were these quidams that laid hands on S●ory ? Wee may goe looke them with La●dasensis the Archbishop of Ireland . Well ; heare the proofes . Master Thomas Neale , Hebrew Reader of Oxford , which was present , told thus much to the ancient Confessors , they to F. H●lywood . This proofe by Tradition as you know is of little credit with Protestants , and no maruell : for experience shewes that reports suffer strange alterations in the carriage , euen when the reporters are not interessed . Iremeus relates from the ancient Confessors , which had seene Iohn the Disciple , and the other Apostles of the Lord , and heard it from them , that Christ our Sauiour was betweene fortie and fiftie yeeres of age before his passion . I doe not thinke you are sure it was so . For my part , I had rather beleeue . Irenaeus and those ancients hee mentions , and the Apostles ; then F. Haliwood and his Confessors , and Master Neale . But possible it is , M. Neale said , hee was present at Matthew Parkers ordination by Iohn Scory . These Confessors being before impressed , as you are , with the buzze of the ordination at the Nags-head made vp that tale ; and put it vpon him for their Author . Perhaps Master Neale did esteeme Iohn Scory t● bee no Bishop , and so was scandalized though causelesly , at that action . Perhaps Master Neale neuer said any such word at all . To helpe to make good this matter , hee saith , It was after inacted in Parliament , that these Parliamentary Bishops should be holden for lawfull . I looked for some thing of the Nags-head Bishops , and the Legend of their ordination . But the lawfulnesse that the Parliament prouides for , is ( according to the authoritie the Parliament hath ) ●iuill , that is , according to the Lawes of the Land. The Parliament neuer intended to iustifie any thing as lawfull , iure diuino , which was not so ; as by the Preamble it selfe of the Statute may appeare . In which it is said , That diuers questions had growne vpon the making and consecrating of Arch-bishops and Bishops , within this Realme , whether the same were , and bee duely and orderly done according to the Law or not , &c. And shortly to cut off F. Halywoods surmises , the case was this , as may bee gathered by the bodie of the Statute . Whereas in the fiue and twentieth of Henry the Eight , an Act was made for the electing and consecrating of Arch-bishops and Bishops within this Realme . And another in the third of Edward the Sixth , for the ordering and consecrating of them , and all other Ecclesiasticall Ministers , according to such forme as by sixe Prelates , and sixe other learned men in Gods Law to bee appointed by the King should bee deuised , and set forth , vnder the great Seale of England . Which forme in the fifth of the same Kings reigne , was annexed to the Booke of Common Prayer , then explained , and perfected ; and both confirmed by the authoritie of Parliament . All these Acts were 1. Mariae & 1. & 2. Philippi & Mariae repealed ; together with another Statute of 35. Henr. 8. touching the stile of supreame Head to bee vsed in all Letters Patents and Commissions , &c. These Acts of repeale in the 1. Elizabeth were againe repealed , and the Act of 25. Hen. 8. reuiued specially . That of 3. Edwar. 6. onely concerning the Booke of Common Prayer , &c. without any particular mention of the booke or forme of ordering Ministers and Bishops . Hence grew one doubt , whether ordinations and consecrations according to that forme were good in Law or no. Another was , Queene Elizabeth in her Letters Patents touching such Consecrations , Ordinations had not vsed as may seeme , besides other generall words importing the highest authoritie in causes Ecclesiasticall , the title of Supreame Head , as King Henry , and King Edward in their like Letters Patents were wont to d● : & that notwithstanding the Act of 35. Hen. 8. after the repeale of the former repeale might seeme ( though neuer specially ) reuiued . This as I ghosse was another exception , to those t●at by vertue of those Patents were Consecrated . Whereupon the Parliament declares . First , that the Booke of Common Prayer , and such order and , form● for consecrating of Archbishops and● Bishops , &c. as was set forth in the time of King Edward the Sixth , and added thereto and authorised by Parliament , shall stand in force and be obserued . Secondly , That all Acts done by any person about any consecration , confirmation , o● in●esting of any elect to the Office or Dignitie of Arch-bishop or Bishop , by vertue of the Queenes Letters Patents or Commission , since the beginning of her reigne bee good● Thirdly , That all that haue beene ordered or consecrated Archbishops , Bishops , Priests , &c. after the said forme and order , be rightly made , ordered , and consecrated , any Statute , Law , Canon , or other thing to the contrary notwithstanding . These were the reasons of that Act ; which as you see doth not make good the Nags-head-ordination as F. Halywood pretends , vnlesse the same were according to the forme in Edward the Sixth dayes . His next proofe is , that Bo●er Bishop of London while hee liued , alwayes set light by the Statutes of the Parliaments of Queene Elizaboth , alleadging that there wanted Bishops , without whose consent by the Lawes of the Realme there can no firme Statuee bee made . That Boner despised and set not a straw by the Acts of Parliament in Queene Elizabeths time , I hold it not impossible , and yet there is no other proofe thereof , but his bare word , and the ancient Confessors tradition , of which we heard before . Admitting this for certaine , there might bee other reasons thereof , besides the ordination at the Nags-head . The stiffenesse of that man was no lesse in King Edwards time , then Queene Elizabeths . And indeed the want also of Bishops might be the cause , why he little regarded the Acts of her first Parliament . For both much about the time of Queene Maries death dyed also Cardinall Poole , and sundry other Bishops : and of the rest some for their contemptuous behauiour in denying to performe their dutie in the Coronation of the Queene were committed to prison , others absented themselues willingly . So as it is commonly reported to this day , there was none or very few there . For as for Doctor Parker and the rest , they were not ordained till December , 1559. the Parliament was dissolued in the May before . So not to stand now to refute Boners conceit , that according to our Lawes there could bee no Statutes made in Parliament without Bishops ( wherein our Parliament men wil rectifie his iudgement ) F. Halywood was in this report twice deceiued , or would deceiue his Reader . First , that he would make that exception which Boner laid against the first Parliament in Queen Elizabeths time , to be true of all the rest . Then , that he accounts B. Boner to haue excepted against this Parliament , because the Bishops there were no Bishops as not canonically ordained : where it was , because there was no Bishops true or false there at all . His last proofe is . That D. Bancroft being demanded of M. Al●blaster , whence their first Bishops receiued their orders ? answered , that hee hoped a Bishop might bee ordained of a Presbyter in time of necessity . Silently granting , that they were not ordained by any Bishop : and therefore , saith he , the Parliamentary Bishops are without order Episcopall , & their Ministers also no Priests . For Priests are not made but of Bishops , whence Hierome . Qu●d facit , &c. What doth a Bishop , sauing ordination , which a Presbyter doth not ? I haue not the meanes to demand of D. Alablaster , whether this be true or not . Nor yet whether this be all the answere he had of D. Bancroft . That I affirme , that if it were , yet it followes not , that D. Bancroft silently granted they had no orders of bishops . Vnlesse he that in a false discourse , both where propositions be vntrue , denies the Maior , doth silently grant the Minor. Rather he iested at the futilitie of this Argument , which admitting all this lying Legend of the Nags-head , and more to ; suppose no ordination by any Bishops had beene euer effected , notwithstanding shewes no sufficient reason why there might not be a true consecration , and true Ministers made , and consequently a true Church in England . For indeed necessitie dispences with Gods owne positiue Lawes , as our Sauiour shewes in the Gospel much more then with mans : and such by Hieromes opinion are the Lawes of the Church , touching the difference of Bishops and Presbyters , and consequently touching their ordination by Bishops onely . Whereof I haue treated more at large in another place , for the iustification of other reformed Churches , albeit the Church of England needs it not . To confirme this Argument , it pleaseth F. Halywood to add● , That King Edward the Sixth , tooke away the Catholike rite of ordaining , and in stead of it , substituted a few Caluinisticall prayers . Whom Queene Elizabeth followed , &c. And this is in effect the same thing which you say , when you adde , that Couerdale being made Bishop of Exceter in King Edwards time , when all Councells and Church Canons were little obserued , it is very doubtfull hee was neuer himselfe canonically consecrated , and so if hee were no canonicall Bishop , hee could not make another canonicall . To F. Halywood I would answere , that King Edward tooke not away the Catholike rite of ordaining , but purged it from a number of idle and superstitious rites prescribed by the Popish Pontifical . And the praiers which he scoffes at if they were Caluinisticall , sure it was by prophecie , for Caluin neuer saw them●ill Queene Maries time ; when by certaine of our English exiles , the Booke of Common Prayer was translated and shewed him ; if he saw them then . Some of them , as the Let any , and the Hymne Veni Creator , &c. I hope were none of Caluins deuising . To you , if you name what Councells and Church Canons you meane , and make any certaine exception , either against Bishop Couerdale , or any of the rest as not canonicall Bishops , I will endeauour to satisfie you . Meane while remember I beseech you , that both Law , and reason , and Religion should induce you in doubtfull things to follow the most fauourable sentence , and not rashly out of light surmises to pronounce against a publike and solemne ordination , against the Orders conferred successiuely from it , against a whole Church . Wherein I cannot but commend Doctor Carriers modestie , whose words are these . I will not determine against the succession of the Clergie in England , because it is to mee very doubtfull . And the discretion of Cudsemius the Iesuire , which denies the English Nation to be Heretickes , because they remaine in a perpetuall succession of Bishops . And to take away all doubt from you , that some of these Ordayners were onely Bishops elect , and vnconsecrated ; besides Miles Couerdale , in King Edwards time Bishop of Exceter , cast in prison by Queene Mary , and released and sent ouer Sea to the King of Denmarke , know that William Barlow was another ; in King Edwards dayes Bishop of Bath and Welles , in Queene Maries beyond the Seas in the companie of the Duchesse of Suffolke and Master B●rtie her husband ; at the time of Doctor Parkers ordination Elect of Chichester . A third was , Iohn Scorie , in King Edwards time Bishop of Chichester , and at the time of the said ordination Elect of Hereford . A fourth was Iohn Hodgeskin , Suffragan of Bedford . And these foure , if they were all ordained according to the forme ratified in King Edwards dayes , were presented by two Bishops at least to the Archbishop , and of him and them receiued imposition of hands , as in the said forme is appointed . One scruple yet remaines which you haue , in that these men did consecrate Doctor Parker by vertue of a Breue from the Queene , as head of the Church who being no true head , and a woman , you see not how they could make a true consecrationr grounded on her authoritie . But to cleare you in this also , you must vnderstand the Queenes mandate serued not to giue power to ordaine ( which those Bishops had before in●rinsecally annexed to their office ) but leaue and warrant to apply that power to the person named in that Mandate . A thing , vnlesse I haue beene deceiued by reports , vsed in other Countries , yea in the Kingdomes of his Catholike Maiestie himselfe . Sure I am by the Christian Emperours in the primitiue Church , as you may see in the Ecclesiasticall histories , and namely , in the ordination of Nectarius , that I spake of before . Yea , which is more in the consecration of the Bishops of Rome , as of Leo VIII . whose Decree , with the Synode at Rome touching this matter , is set downe by Gratian , Dist. 63. c. 23. taken from the example of Hadria● , and another Councell which gaue to Charles the Great , Ius & potestatem eligendi Pontificem , & ordinandi Apostolicam sedom , as you may see in the Chapter next before . See the same Dist. c. 16. & 17. & 18. and you shall finde , that when one was chosen Bishop of Reate , within the Popes owne Prouince , by the Clergie and people , and sent to him by Guido the Count to be consecrated , the Pope durst not doe it till the Emperours licence were obtained . Yea , that hee writes to the Emperour for Colonus , that receiuing his licence hee might consecrate him either there , or in the Church of Tusculum , which accordingly vpon the Emperors bidding he performed . Yet another exception you take , to the making our Ministers , that wee keepe not the right intention . First , because we neither giue nor take Orders as a Sacrament . By that reason we should haue no true marriages amongst vs neither , because we count not Matrimonie a Sacrament . This Controuersie depends vpon the definition of a Sacrament , which if it be put to be a signe of a holy thing , these be both so , and a many more then seuen . If a seale of the New Testament , so are there but those two , which we properly call Sacraments ; Baptisme , and the Lords Supper . In which last , as to the intention of sacrificing , surely , if yee allow the doctrine of the Master of the Sentences , that it is called a Sacrifice and Oblation , which is offered and consecrated by the Priest , because it is a memorie and representation of the true Sacrifice and holy immolation made on the Altar of the Crosse. And , that Christ once dyed on the Crosse , and there was offered vp in himselfe , but is daily offered vp in a Sacrament , because in the Sacrament there is a remembrance of that which wa● once done ; which he there confirmes by the authorities of the Fathers , cited by Gratian in the Canon Law. If this Doctrine , I say , may yet passe for good , and this bee the Churches intention , wee want not this intention of sacrificing . Adde to this the confession of Melchior Canus , who saith , the Lutherans doe not wholly denie the sacrifice , but grant a Sacrifice of thanks giuing , which they call the * Eucharist : they will haue none for sinne which they call propitiatorie . If he had put hereto , vnlesse it bee in a mysterie , hee had rightly expressed the opinion of the Protestants . Thirdly yee object , wee want the matter and forme with which orders should be giuen : namely , for the matter in Priesthood the deliuerie of the Patena with bread , and the Chalice with wine : in Deaconship the deliuerie of the booke of the Gospell , &c. By which reason the seuen first Deacons had no true ordination , for then there was no Gospell written to be deliuered them . Nor those Priests whom the Pope shall make by his sole word , saying , Esto Sacerdos . Whom notwithstanding sundrie famous Canonists hold to bee well and lawfully ordained ; and Innocentius himselfe saith , that if these formes of Ordination were not found out , any other Ordainer might in like manner make Priests , with those words , or the like : for as much as these formes were in processe of time appointed by the Church . And if wee list to seeke for these Metaphysicall notions of matter and forme , in Ordination , which at the most can bee but by Analogie , how much better might wee assigne the persons deputed to sacred functions to be the matter ( as those that contract are by your selues made the matter in matrimonie ) and the imposing of hands , with the expressing the authoritie and office giuen to bee the forme ? In Dionysius though falsly called the Areopagite , yet an ancient Author , yee shall finde nothing else ; nor which I may tell you by the way , any other orders , saue Bishops , Priests , and Deacons . And to come to that wherein you say wee faile most of all , the substantiall forme of Priesthood , tell mee ingenuously , good Master Wadesworth , how doe you know that our Lord Iesus Christ made his Apostles , or they others Priests with this forme , which hath no mention or footstep in the Gospell , or otherwhere in holy Scripture ! Nor so much as in the Councell of Carthage ; that from whence the manner of giuing other orders is fetched , nor in Gratian , nor in any other ancient Author that I can finde , saue in the Pontificall onely . And is the present Pontificall of such authoritie with you , as the forme of Priesthood , the substantiall forme , can subsist in no other wordes then those that bee there expressed ? To omit the late turkesing whereof , consider what Augustinus Patritius writes in his Preface before that which at Pope Innocent VIII . his commandement he patched together : That there were scarce two or three bookes found that deliuered the same thing : Quot libri tot varietates . Ille deficit , hic superabundat , alius nihil omnino de eâre habet , raro ant nunquam conueniunt ; saepe obscuri , implicati , & librariorum vitio plerung mendosi . And in truth in this your essentiall forme of Priesthood , the old Pontificals before that which he set forth , either had other words at the giuing of the Chalice and Paten as may seeme ; or wanted both that forme and the matter also together . The Master of the Sentences declaring the manner of the Ordination of Priests , and the reason why they haue the Chalice with wine , and Paten with hosts giuen vnto them , saith it is , Vt per hoc sciant se accepisse potestatem placabiles Deo hostias offerendi . Hugo in like manner , Accipiunt & Calicem cum vino , & Patenam cum hostia de mann Episcopi , quatenus potestatem se accepisse cognoscant , placabiles Deo hostias offerendi . Stephanus Eduensis Episcopus , in the same wordes : Datur eis Calix cum vino , & Patena cum hostia , in quo traditur ijs potestas ad offerendum Deo placabiles hostias . So Iohannes Ianuensis in his Summe , intituled , Catholicon , verbo Presbyter . If yee ascend to the higher times of Rabanus , Alcuinus , Isidorus , you shall finde that they mention no such matter , of deliuering Chalice or Paten , or wordes vsed at the deliuerie ; and no maruell , for in the Canons of the fourth Councel of Carthage they found none . Diony●ius falsly called Areopagita , whom I mentioned before , setting downe the manner of ordaining in his time . The Priest vpon both his knees before the Altar with the Bishop● right hand vpon his head , is on this manner sanctified by his Consecrator with holy inuocations . Here is all , s●ue that he saith , after he hath described that also which pertaines vnto the Deacon , that euery one of them is signed with the crosse when the Bishop blesseth them , and proclaimed , and saluted by the Consecrator himselfe and euery one of that sacred Order that is present . The Greeke Schol●ast very l●uely shewes the meaning and manner of this proclaiming . Her saith , The Ordayner pronounceth by name when hee signeth him , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Such a man is consecrated from bein● Presbyter to be a Bishop in the name of the father , &c. and s. in the Presbyter and Deacon . Clemens Romanus ● F. Turrian and the rest of the Romish ●action deceiue vs 〈…〉 be not deceiued themselues , in attributing to him the 〈◊〉 bookes of the Apostolike Constitutions that 〈…〉 name ) cuts the matter yet more short , and without 〈◊〉 crossing or proclaiming , appoints the Bishop to lay his 〈◊〉 vpon him , in the presence of the Presbyterie and the Deacor● vsing a Prayer , which you may see at length in him ; 〈◊〉 the increase of the Church , and of the number of them that by word and worke may edifie it : for the partie elected vnto ●he ●●fice of Priesthood , that being filled with the operations of healings , and word of Doctrine , he may instruct Gods people with meeknesse and serue him sincerely with a pure minde , and willing heart , and performe holy seruices without spot for his people through his Christ , to whom &c. These last words which are in the Greeke , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Carol●● Bouius Bishop of 〈◊〉 interprets , & sacrificia pro populo tuo immaculata 〈◊〉 . Maruell that he added not , tam pro 〈◊〉 quam pro defunctis . Sure if Saint Paul , Rom. 15. 16. had not added the word ' 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , hee had sacrificed also . This was the ●●cient and Apostolike manner of ordination , if the Author be worthy of credit . But that ye may perceiue what tampering there hath beene to bring ordinations to the forme which the present Pontificall prescribes , consider with me the words of Amalarius Bishop of Triers in his second Booke de Ecclesiast . Offic●s , where in the office of the Subdeacon thus hee writes ; Miror quâ de re sumptus vsus in Ecclesia , &c. I maruell whence the vse was taken in our Church , that very often the Subdeacon should reade the Lesson at Masse , since this is not found committed vnto him , by the Ministry giuen him in consecration , nor by the Canonicall writings , nor by his name . And straight after , Nam primaro tempore ; For in ancient time the Deacon read not the Gospell which was not yet written ; but after it was enacted by our Fathers , that the Deacons should reade the Gospell , they appointed also that the Subdeacon should reade the Epistle or Lesson . It appeares , then that in Amalarius time , who liued with Charles the great and Lewes his Sonne , that ridiculous fo●me was not in the Pontificall , where the Booke of the Epistles is giuen to the Subdeacons , and power to reade them in the holy Church of God , as well for the quicke as the dead . The same Author comming to speake of Deacons , telleth of their consecration by praier , and imposition of hands , & confuteth that in the present Pontificall ( which he saith he found in a little Booke of holy Orders ) made he knowes not by what Author , that the Bishop alone should lay hands on the Deacon . At last he addes , There is one Ministrie added to the Deacon , viz. to reade the Gospell , which he saith , doth well befit him , quia Minister est . But of the deliuerie of the Booke of the Gospels , with authoritie to reade the Gospell for the quicke and dead , not one word . In the next Chapter of Presbyters hee expounds their name , and saith further , hunc morem tenent Episcopi nostri . Our Bishoppes haue this fashion , they annoint the hands of Presbyters with oyle , which ceremonie he declares ; touching imposition of hands vpon them , he remit●●s to that he said before in the Deacon . Then he shewes out of Ambrose , and Hierome , that these are all one Order with Bishops , and ought to gouerne the Church in common , like Moses with the seuentie Elders : as for deliuerie of Chalice and Wine , or Paten and Host , with power to sacrifice so well for the quicke as the dead , he makes no mention . Iudge you whether these were thought to be the matter and essentiall forme of Priesthood in his time . Yet one Author more wil Iname in this matter , not onely because hee is a famous Schooleman , and one of Luthers first aduersaries , and therefore ought to be of more account with that side , but because he professeth the end of his writing to be , circa Sacramentum ordinis cautos reddere , ne pertinax quisquam aut leuis sit circa modum tradendi aut recipiendi ordines . It is Cardinall Caietane , in the second Tome of his Opuscula , Tit. De modo tradendi seu recipiendi Ordines . Reade the whole where these things I obserue for our present purpose . 1. If all be gathered together which the Pontificals , or which reason or authoritie hath deliuered , the nature of all the rest of the orders except Priesthood onely , will appeare very vncertaine . 2. The lesser Orders and Subdeaconship according to the Master of the Sentences , were instituted by the Church . 3. The Deacons instituted by the Apostles , Act. 6. were not Deacons of the Altar , but of the Tables & Widdowes . 4. In Deaconship there seemes to be no certain forme for according to the old Pontificals , the laying of hands vpon the Deacon hath no certaine forme of words , but that prayer . Emitte q●aesumus in eos S. Sauctum : which according to the new Pontificals is to be said after the imposition of hands . For the giuing of the Booke of the Gospels , hath indeede a forme of words , but that impresseth not the Character for before any Gospell was written , the Apostles ordained Deacons by imposition of hands . 5. In the Subdeaconship also there is no Pontificall which hath not the matter without forme , viz. the deliuery of the emptie Chalice , &c. These things with more which hee there sets downe he would haue to serue to the instruction of the learned touching the vncertaintie of this whole matter to ●each men to be wise to sobrietie , that is , euery man to be content with the accustomed Pontificall of the Church wherein he is ordained . And if ought be omitted of those things which be added out of the new Pontificals , as for example , that the Booke of the Epistles was not giuen , with those words ( Take authoritie to reade the Epistles as well for the quicke as the dead ) there is no neede of supplying this omission by a new ordination , for such new additions make no new law . Learne then of your owne Caietane , that the new additions of deliuery of the Chalice with wine , and Paten with Hosts , and authoritie to offer sacrifice for the quick and dead make no new Law. Learn to be content with the Pontificall of the Church , wherein you were ordained . Wherein first is verbatim all that which your Pontificals had well taken out of the holy words of our Sauiour , Accipe Spiritum Sanctum quorum remisseris peccata remittuntur eis & quorum retinueris retenta sunt . Which me thinkes you should rather account to containe the essentiall forme of Priesthood then the former , both because they are Christs owne words , and ioyned with that ceremonie of laying on hands , which anciently denominated this whole action , and do expresse the worthiest and principallest part of your Commission , which the Apostle cals the Ministry of reconciliation , 2 Cor. 5. 18. 19. Then , because this office is not onely deputed to consecrate the Lords body , but also to preach & baptize ( which in your Pontificall is wholly omitted ) in a larger , and more conuenient forme , is added out of Saint Paul , 1 Cor. 4. 1. and be thou a faithfull dispenser of the word of God and of his holy Sacraments . In the name of the Father , &c. As to that you adde , that we offer no sacrifice for the quicke and dead , and therefore well may be called Ministers , as all lay men are , but are no Priests . I haue met with sundry that pull this roape as strongly the other way , and affirme that because by the very forme of your ordination you are appointed Sacrificers for the quicke and dead , well may ye be Masse-Priests as ye are called , but Ministers of the New Testament , after S. Pauls phrase ye are none . For that office stands principally in preaching the word , whereof in your ordination there is no word said . And as little there is in Scrip●ure of your sacrifice , which makes Christ not to be a Priest after the order of Melchisedech , &c. with much more to this purpose . Where my defence for your Ministrie hath beene this , that the forme Receiue the holy Ghost , whose sinnes ye remit they are remitted , &c. doth sufficiently comprehend the authoritie of preaching the Gospell . Vse you the same equitie toward vs , and tell those hot spirits among you , that stand so much vpon formalities of words , that to be a dispenser of the word of God and his holy Sacraments , is all the dutie of Priesthood . And to you I adde further , that if you consider well the words of the Master of the Sentences which I vouched before , how that which is consecrated of the Priest is called a Sacrifice and oblation , because it is a memoriall and representation of the true sacrifice and holy offering made on the altar of the Crosse , and ioyne there to that of the Apostle , that by that one offering Christ hath perfected for euer them that are sanctified , and as he saith in another place , through that bloud of his Crosse reconciled vnto God all things whether in earth or in heauen ; you shall perceiue , that we do offer sacrifice for the quick and dead , remembring , representing & mystically offering that sole Sacrifice for the quicke and dead , by the which all their fins are meritoriously expiated , and desiring that by the same , wee and all the Church may obtaine remission of sinnes , and all other benefits of Christs passion . To the Epilogue therefore of this your last motiue , I say in short . Sith we haue no neede of Subdeaconship , more then the Churches in the Apostles times , & in truth those whom wee call Clerkes and Sextens performe what is necessarie in this behalfe . Sith we haue Canonicall Bishops , and lawfull succession . Sith we neither want due intention to depute men to Ecclesiasticall functions , nor matter or forme in giuing Priesthood ; deriuing from no man or woman the authoritie of ordination , but from Christ the head of he Church ; yee haue alleadged no sufficient cause , why we should not haue true Pastors , and consequently a true Church in England . CHAP. XII . Of the Conclusion . Master Waddesworths agonies and protestation , &c. YEt by these ( you say ) and many other arguments , you were resolued in your vnderstanding , to the contrary . It may well be that your vnderstanding out of it owne heedlesse haste , as that of our first Parents while it was at the perfectest was induced into errour , by resoluing too soone out of seeming arguments , and granting too forward assent . For surely , these which you haue mentioned , could not conuince it , if it would haue taken the paines to examine them throughly , or had the patience to giue vnpartiall hearing to the motiues on the other side . Bu● as if you triumphed in your owne conquest , and captiuitie , you adde that which passeth yet all that hitherto you haue set downe , viz. That the Church of Rome was and is the onely true Church , because it alone is Ancient , Catholike , and Apostolike , hauing succession , vnitie , and visibilitie in all ages , and places . Is it onely ancient ? To omit Hierusalem , are not that of Antioch , where the Disciples were first called Christians , and Alexandria , Ephesus , Corinth , and the rest mentioned in the Scriptures ancient also ? and of Antioch ancienter then Rome . Is it Catholike and Apostolike onely ? Doe not these and manie more hold the Catholike faith receiued from the Apostles , as well as the Church of Rome ? For that it should be the Vniuersall Church , is all one as yee would say the part is the whole , one Citie the world . Hath it onely succession ? where to set aside the inquirie of Doctrine , so manie Simoniacks , and intruders haue ruled , as about fiftie of your Popes together , were by your owne mens confession Apostaticall , rather then Apostolicall ? Or Vnitie , where there haue beene thirtie Schismes , and one of them which endured fiftie yeares long , and at last grew into three heads , as if they would share among them the triple Crowne ? And as for diffentions in Doctrine , I remit you to Master Doctor Halls peace of Rome , wherein hee scores aboue three hundred mentioned in Bellarmine alone ; aboue threescore in one onely head of Penance out of Nauarrus . As to that addition , in all ages and places ▪ I know not what to make of it , nor wher●o to refer it . Consider , I beseech you , with your wonted moderation what you say , for sure vnlesse you were begu●led , I had almost said bewitched , you could neuer haue resolued to beleeue and professe , that which all the world knowes to be as false , I had ( welnigh ) said as God is true , touching the extent of the Romish Church to all ages and places ? Concerning the agonies you passed , I will say onely thus much , if being resolued though erroniously that was truth , you were withholden from professing it with worldly respects , you did well to breake through them all . But if besides these , there were doubt of the contrarie ( as me thinks needes must be ) vnlesse you could satisfie your selfe touching those many and knowne exceptions against the Court of Rome , which you could not be ignorant of ) take heede , lest the rest insuing these agonies were not like Sampsons sleeping on Dal●lahs knees , while the locks of his strength were shauen , whereupon ( the Lord departing from him ) he was taken by the Philistims , had his eyes put out , and was made to grinde in the prison . But I doe not despaire , but your former resolutions shall grow againe . And as I doe beleeue your religious asseueration , that for very feare of damnation you forsooke vs ( which makes mee to haue the better hope and opinion of you , for that I see you doe so seriously minde that which is the end of our whole life ; ) so I desire from my heart the good hope of saluation you haue in your present way may be as happie , as your feare I am perswaded was causelesse . For my part , I call God to record against mine owne soule , that both before my going into Italie , and since , I haue still endeauoured to finde and follow the truth in the points controuerted betweene vs , without any earthly respect in the world . Neither wanted I faire opportunitie had I seene it on that side , easily , and with hope of good entertainment to haue adioyned my selfe to the Church of Rome , after your example . But ( to vse your words ) as I shall answere at the dreadfull day of iudgement , I neuer saw , heard , or read any thing , which did conuince me : nay , which did not finally confirme me daily more and more , in the perswasion , that in these differences it rests on our part . Wherein I haue not followed humane coniectures from forraine and outward things ( as by your leaue mee thinkes you doe in these your motiues , whereby I protest to you in the sight of God , I am also much comforted and assured in the possession of the truth ) but the vndoubted voice of God in his word , which is more to my conscience then a thousand Topicall Arguments . In regard whereof I am no lesse assured , that if I should forsake it I should be renounced by our Sauiour , before God and his Angels , then in the holding it be acknowledged and saued ; which makes me resolue , not onely for no hope if it were of 10000. worlds , but by the gracious assistance of God , without whom I know I am able to doe nothing , for no terrour or torment euer to become a Papist . You see what a large distance there is betweene vs in opinion . Yet for my part , I doe not take vpon me to foreiudge you , or anie other that doth not with an euill minde and selfe condemning conscience onely to maintaine a faction , differ from that which I am perswaded is the right . I account we hold one and the same faith in our Lord and Sauiour Iesus Christ , and by him in the blessed Trinitie . To his iudgement we stand or fall . Incomparably more and of more importance are those things wherein wee agree ; then those wherin we dissent . Let vs follow therefore the things of peace , and of mutuall edification . If any be otherwise minded then he ought , God shall reueale that also to him . If any be weake or fallen , God is able to rai●e him vp . And of you good M. Waddesworth , and the rest of my Masters and Brethren of that side , one thing I would againe desire , that according to the Aposiles profession of himselfe , you would forbeare to be Lords ouer our Faith , nor straightway condemne of heresie , our ignorance or lacke of perswasion concerning such things as wee cannot perceiue to be founded in holy Scripture . Enioy your owne opinions ; but make them not Articles of our Faith : the analogie whereof is broken as well by addition as subtraction . And this selfe same equitie we desire to find in positiue Lawes , Orders , and Ceremonies . Wherein as euerie Church hath full right to prescribe that which is decent and to edification , and to reforme abuse ; so those that are members of each are to follow what is enioyned , till by the same authoritie it be reuersed . And now to close vp this Account of yours , whereof you would haue Doctor Hall and me to be as it were examiners and Auditors . Whether it be perfect and allowable or no , looke you to it . I haue here told you mine opinion of it , as directly , plainely , and freely as I can ; and as you required fully , if not tediously . I list not to contend with you about it . Satisfie your owne conscience , and our common Lord and Master , and you shall easily satisfie me . Once yet by my aduice review it , and cast it ouer againe . And if in the particulars you finde you haue taken manie nullities for signifying numbers , manie smaller signifiers for greater ▪ correct the totall . If you finde namely that out of desire of Vnitie , and dislike of contention , you haue apprehended our diuersities to be more then they are : conceiued a necessitie of an externall infallible Iudge , where there was none : attributed the priuiledge of the Church properly called , to that which is visible and mixt . If you finde the reformed Churches more charitable , the proper note of Chists sheepe : The Roman faction more fraudulent , and that by publike counsell , and of politicke purpose , in framing not onely all later writers , but some ancient , yea the holy Scriptures for their aduantage : If you finde you haue mistaken the Protestants doctrine touching inuisibilitie , your own also touching vniformitie in matters of Faith : If you haue beene misinformed and too ha●●ie , of credit touching the imputations laid to the beginners of reformation : For as touching the want of Succession and the fabulous Ordination at the Nags head , I hope you will not be stiffe , and persist in your errour , but confesse and condemne it in your selfe : If ( as I began to say ) you finde these things to be thus ; giue glorie to God , that hath heard your praier , entreating direction in his holy truth ; and withhold not that truth of his in vnrighteousnesse . Vnto him that is able to restore and establish you , yea to consummate and perfect you according to his almightie power and vnspeakeable goodnesse , toward his elect in Christ Iesus , I doe from my heart commend you : and rest you , Your very louing brother in Christ Iesu , W. BEDELL . FINIS . Faults escaped . PAge 3. line 30. for them reade him . p. 6. l. 17. for 〈◊〉 V. p. 7. l. 4. for come r. came . p. 33. l. 19. for whereby r. whereof . p. 49. l. 36. for them r. thee . p. 54. l. 35. for Court r. course . p. 55. l. 4. for 〈◊〉 b E●●l . r. ●ate Ecclesiast . p. 63. l. 14. for bumorum r. humerum . p. 64. l. 7. for you r. thee . p. 65 l. 8. for To prooue r. ● . To prooue . p. ●8 . l. 31. side , one r. side one , p. 82 l. 3. for These r. Those . p. 83. l 1. for to all r. to take all . p. 85. l. 36. for report r. reports . p. 87. l. 24. for adiure r. abiure . p. 90. l. 32. for word r. sword . p. 97. l. 15. for the state r. that State. l. 3. for Gratian , neither r. Gratian neither , ibid. l. 1. for force r. farce . p. 103. l. 32. for sernone r. ser●●●● . p. 108. l. 1. for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For. r. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 hi● . For. p. 109. l. 13. for Bishops r. Bishop . p. 112. l. 4. for greatest shewes , r. greatest , shewes another . p. 114 l. 16. for iust or r. iuster . ibid. l. 13. for maechis r. maechiae . p. 116. l. 13. 〈◊〉 But the r. But that , ibid. l. ●26 . for Such . r. ● . Such . p. 11● . l. 72. for whererein-frequent r. wherein-frequent . p. 119. l. for Com. 1. r. Cou● . 1. p. 120. l. 13. for grosser , yet r. grosser yet , ibid. l. 19. for and in this r and this . p. 130. l. 10. for affaires , in Italy r. affaires in Italy , p. 135. l. 1. for a ubiects r. assubiect . p. 147. l. 22. for both where r. where both p. 148. l. 19. for Letany r. Litany . p. 151. l. 33. for Gospell r. Gospel p. 154. l. 9. for primaro r. primaero . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A14614-e1030 * Euen for vs also hath Christ died , and for our redemption hath hee shed his bloud . Sinners indeed we are , but of his flocke , and among his poore sheepe are we numbred . * Euen so come Lord Iesus . a I pray see within how short a compasse he proues himself a Poeticall rai●er by his Epithets , not onely against me , but ●euiling a whole Nation , and the Religion of the best part of all Christendome . a I pray see within how short a compasse he proues himself a Poeticall rai●er by his Epithets , not onely against me , but ●euiling a whole Nation , and the Religion of the best part of all Christendome . b This m●cke if it were true yet would I reioyce in ●t , not onely to ●it on his staires , but to m●ke cleane his shoe●s . c I tearmed him a Poeticall Ra●ler , not accusing nor 〈◊〉 him for a Poet 〈◊〉 taxing him for raising poe●●cally vsing the word as sometimes it is in the worst sense when it is abused : neither condemning Poetrie nor ●o●rouing him for a Poet ▪ out a po●ticall Ra●●er : as he doth ●●●selfe by that Epistle 〈…〉 better Letter . d I willingly pardon 〈◊〉 is pe●●icall railing and false ●pithites , for that one true word 〈…〉 Bernard to be deuout . e Pardon for S. Bernards sake . f A braue man a● armes , &c. g Pardon for S. Bernards sake . h I would there were not . i Satis pro imperio . k This ap●eares by your railing on him , as hee that iustified himselfe from swearing , by ●●wd swearing By God hee did not 〈◊〉 . l This were in pro●e one a●surdi●y by a greater & to vndert● be that some one Text of Scripture is false or f●ged because all the whole Bible is 〈◊〉 Or hauing called one a Iew or Bas●ard &c. to make him amends by ●elling him all his kinred were such . But that Book● and Chapter is indeede ●ittifully professed : And by it and 〈◊〉 nuating here 〈◊〉 offence of ●oo much chari●e may be easily 〈◊〉 the ●●stance of your proficiencie on 〈◊〉 . * 〈…〉 Notes for div A14614-e6570 This is the Ca●holike 〈◊〉 . * 〈…〉 . 〈…〉 * 〈…〉 * 〈…〉 . 1. Cor. 3. 3. Socrat. 1. 4. c. 2● . Plaut . Aulular . Hom. 33. 〈◊〉 Act. 1. Ioh. 2. 20. 27 & 4. 1. Luke 16. Cic. ● . de Legibus . 〈…〉 Act. 15. 6. Rispos●a ad vn● lettera , &c. Tertull. de Praescript . &c. Vincent . Lyrine●s . a Lib. de Vaitate . b Eccles. c. 5. & . 19. Ioh. 1. 51. Institut . l. 4. c. 20. August . contr . Crescō . l. 3. c. 51. Proëmiol . 5. Regula 1. & 1● . 1. Tim. 3. 15. 1. Cor. 14. 20. Analyst Fidei Cathol . pa 8. Oseae , 2. 1● ▪ Epistol● ad Pompe●um . ● . in 〈◊〉 Dist. 19. Significasti de electione . Ioh. 21. 15. Matth. 5. 34. Inter corpor . De translatione Episcopi . Matth. 19. 26. De sacra Vnctione . Esay 9. 6. 1. Sam. 9. 24. Solicite . De maioritate . 1. Pet , 2. 13. Vers. 14. Matth. ●6 . 5● . Ierem. ● . 10. Exod. 22. ●8 . * Thou shalt not raile on the Gods , nor curse the Prince of ● thy people . Gen. 1. 16. Io● . 21. 16. Matth. 16. 19. 3 Ex ore . De his quae fiunt , Tit. 11. Heb. 4. 12 ▪ 4 Per venerabil●m . Qu● filij sint legitim● . Deu● . 17. 8. 1. C●r . 6. ● . Matth. 16. 18. Cap. Fundament● de Elect. in 6. Ioh. 10. 16. Extra Vnum Testam . Cant. 4. 9. c. quoniam . De Immunitate . Luk. 22. 38. Rom. 13. 1. Ierem. 1. 10. 1. Cor. 2. 15. Rom. 12. 2. Gen. 1. 1. a Rom. 8. 8. Syricius Epist. 4 ▪ & Innocent . Ep. 2. b Ioh. 19. 34. c. Inter cunctas . c Rom. 10. 10. d Matth. 13 ▪ 8. e Iam. 1. 27. f Gal. 6. 17. * Matth. 28. 20. Loe I am with you , &c. Clem. 3. de Reliq . Tract . in Iob 50. g. C. Ma●●nus De cognat . spirit . 4. Mat. 19. 5. h C. non debet De consang . 1. Cor. 7. 4. i Cum ex . De. ●aeretici● 5. Heb. 12. 20. Exod. 19. 13. Ecclu . 3. 22. Rom. 12. 3. Math. 16. Reuel . 2. 5. 〈…〉 〈…〉 Apologia pro Garneto , c. 5. A●uertiment●al P Ant Posseuino . p. 7. & 14. Luk● . 6. 26. Matth. 7. 6. Rom. 2. 1. Aug. Epist. 4● . & 〈…〉 . ●9 . De 〈◊〉 l. ● . c. 7. Abulensis . Bellarmine . Faber . Erasmus . Cassander . Hofmeister . Aeneas Syluius . Isai 1. 6. Doctor Raynolds . Thes. 5. Iob 10. 27. Chap. 13. 35. Reuel . 18. 7. Dialog . l. 3. c. 8. Dist. 96. c. Constantinus . Concil . Mile● . ● . 72. Concil . A●ric . c. 12. c. placuit . qu. 9. 6 De doctrina . Christt . l. 2. Ex Decreto 5 ▪ . Conc●l . T●d . De Sacram. Euch. l. 2. c. 32. De Verbis Domini , Serm. 15. c. 11. Serm. de Natiui●ate Mar. Virginis . See D. 〈◊〉 Conf. with Hart. c. 6. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . 3. 13. Relation 〈…〉 * Vrbici cuinsd●m . De Vnitate Eccl. c. 24. Euarrat . in Psal. 103. com . 1. 2. 2. q. 2. ar . 9. Pag. 6. Pag. ● . Pag. ● . Sleidan l. ● . 〈◊〉 7. 12. Matth. 〈…〉 Lib. 16. An. 1547. 1563. * 18000. He●ri● 〈…〉 Cap. 8. ●●ristophorus à Sacro bosco Dubliniensis . Lib. 2. c. 29. 〈…〉 Mark 〈…〉 Pag. 7. De des●erata 〈◊〉 causa . ● . 11. C. Lectis . C. Reatina . C. Nobis . Lib. 4. dist . 12. De Consecrat . dist . 2. L●c. The● . lib. 12. cap. 12. * f. Fucharisticum . Heb. 10. 〈◊〉 2 Cor. 8. 24.