The great impostor laid open in a sermon at Grayes Inne, Febr. 2.1623. By Ios. Hall D.D. Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656. 1623 Approx. 63 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 38 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A02537 STC 12665 ESTC S116594 99851810 99851810 17102 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A02537) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 17102) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 1104:01) The great impostor laid open in a sermon at Grayes Inne, Febr. 2.1623. By Ios. Hall D.D. Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656. [4], 63, [1] p. Printed by J. Haviland for Nath. Butter, London : 1623. Several pages stained. Reproduction of the original in the Yale University. Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Sermons, English -- 17th century. 2005-11 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2006-04 SPi Global Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2007-04 Ali Jakobson Sampled and proofread 2007-04 Ali Jakobson Text and markup reviewed and edited 2008-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion THE GREAT Impostor , LAID OPEN in a SERMON at GRAYES INNE , Febr. 2. 1623. By IOS . HALL D. D. LONDON , Printed by J. Havilano for Nath. Butter . 1623. TO THE MOST NOBLE , AND WORTHILY Honoured Societie OF GRAYES INNE : AT WHOSE BARRE This IMPOSTOR was openly arraigned : J. H. HVMBLY DEDICATES THIS PVBLIKE LIFE OF HIS WEAKE AND VNWORTHY LABOVR . THE GREAT IMPOSTOR , Laid open , out of IER . 17.9 . The heart is deceitfull aboue all things . I Know where I am ; in one of the famous Phrontisteries of Law , and Iustice : wherfore serues Law and Iustice , but for the preuention or punishment of fraud and wickednesse ? Giue me leaue therefore to bring before you , Students , Masters , Fathers , Oracles of Law and Iustice , the greatest Cheator and Malefactor in the world , our owne Heart . It is a great word that I haue said , in promising to bring him before you ; for this is one of the greatest aduantages of his fraud , that he cannot be seene : That as that old Iugler Apollonius Thyanaeus , when he was brought before the Iudge , vanished out of sight ; so this great Impostor , in his very presenting before you , dispeareth and is gone ; yea so cunningly , that he doth it with our owne consent , and we would be loth that he could be seene : Therefore as an Epiphonema to this iust complaint of deceitfulnesse , is added Who can know it ? It is easie to know that it is deceitfull , and in what it deceiues , though the deceits themselues cannot bee knowne , till too late ; As wee may see the ship , and the sea , and the ship going on the sea , yet the way of a ship in the sea ( as Salomon obserues ) wee know not : God askes , and God shall answer ; What he askes by Ieremie , he shall answer by S. Paul , Who knowes the heart of man ? Euen the spirit of man that is in him . If then the heart haue but eyes enow to see it selfe by the reflection of thoughts , it is enough : Ye shall easily see and heare enough ( out of the analogie and resemblance of hearts ) to make you both astonished and ashamed . The heart of man lies in a narrow roome , yet all the world cannot fill it ; but that which may be said of the heart , would more than fill a world : Here is a double stile giuen it ; of deceitfulnesse ; of wickednesse ; either of which knowes no end , whether of being , or of discourse . I spend my houre , and might doe my life , in treating of the first . See then , I beseech you , the Impostor , and the Imposture ; The Impostor himselfe , The heart of man ; The Imposture , Deceitfull aboue all things . As deceitfull persons are wont euer to goe vnder many names , and ambiguous , and must be exprest with an [ aliàs ] so doth the heart of man ; Neither man himselfe , nor any part of man hath so many names , as the heart alone ; For euery facultie that it hath , and euery action it doth , it hath a seuerall name : Neither is there more multiplicitie , than doubt in this name ; Not so many termes are vsed to signifie the heart , as the heart signifies many things . When ye heare of the heart , ye thinke straight of that fleshie part in the center of the body which liues first , and dies last ; and whose beatings you finde to keepe time all the body ouer ; That is not it which is so cunning ; Alas , that is a poore harmelesse peece ; meerely passiue ; and if it doe any thing , as the subministration of Vitall spirits , to the maintenance of the whole frame , it is but good ; no , it is the spirituall part that lurkes in this flesh , which is guilty of such deceit . We must learne of witty Idolatry to distinguish betwixt the stocke and the inuisible powers that dwell in it . It is not for me to be a sticklor betwixt the Hebrewes , and the Greeke Philosophers , and Physitians , in a question of naturall learning , concerning the 〈◊〉 of the soule ; nor to insist vpon the reasons why the spirit of God rather places all the spirituall powers in the heart , than in the braine ; Doubtlesse in respect of the affections there resident , whereby all those speculatiue abilities are drawne to practise ; It shall suffice vs to take things as we finde them , and to hold it for granted , that this Monosyllable ( for so it is in many languages ) comprises all that intellectiue and affectiue world which concerneth man ; and in plaine termes to say , that when God saies The heart is deceitfull , he meanes , the vnderstanding , will , affections are deceitfull . The vnderstanding is doubly deceitfull ; It makes vs beleeue it knowes those things which it doth not ; and that it knowes not those things which it doth : As some foolish Mountebanke , that holds it a great glory to seeme to know all things ; or some presuming Physitian , that thinkes it a shame not to professe skill in any state of the body , or disease ; so doth our vaine vnderstanding ; therein framing it selfe according to the spirits it meets withall ; if they be proud and curious , it perswades them , they know euery thing ; if carelesse , that they know enough . In the first kinde ; What hath not the fond heart of man dared to arrogate to it selfe ? It knowes all the starres by their names ; Tush , that is nothing ; It knowes what the stars meane by their verie lookes , what the birds meane by their chirping , as Apollonius did ; What the heart meanes , by the features of the face ; it knowes the euents of life by the lines of the hand : the secrets of Art , the secrets of Nature , the secrets of State , the secrets of others hearts , yea the secrets of God in the closet of heauen ; Yea , not only what God hath done , but what he will doe : This is ( Sapiens stultitia ) a wise folly , as Irenaeus said of his Valentinians ; All Figure-casters , Palmesters , Physiognomers , Fortune-tellers , Alchymists , fantasticke proiectors , and all the rabble of professors of those 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , not so much curious as idle Arts , haue their word giuen them by the Apostle , Deceiuing and deceiued ; neither can these men make any worse fooles , than their hearts haue made themselues ; and well may that Alexandrian taxe bee set vpon them in both names , whether of actiue , or passiue folly : And ( as it commonly fals out , that superfluous things rob the heart of necessary ) in the meane while , those things which the heart may and should know , it lightly mis-knowes : As our senses are deceiued by distance , or interpositions , to thinke the stars beamie and sparkling , the Moone horned , the Planets equally remote , the Sunne sometimes red , pale other some : so doth also our vnderstanding erre , in mis-opinion of diuine things ; It thinkes it knowes God , when it is but an Idoll of fancy , as Sauls messengers , when they came into the roome , thought they had the true Dauid , when it was but a Wispe ; it knowes the will of God , when it is nothing but grosse mis-construction : so as the common knowledge of men , though they thinke it a Torch , is but an Ignis Fatuus to leade them to a ditch : How many thousand Assyrians thinke they are in the way to the Prophet , when they are in the midst of Samaria ? How many millions thinke they walke fairely on to heauen , when indeed they are in the broad way that leads to destruction ? Oh poore blind Pagans , halfe-sighted Turkes , bleare-eied Iewes , blind-folded Papists , Squint-eied Schismaticks , purblind ignorants , how well doe they finde themselues pleased with their deuotion , and thinke God should bee so too ; when it is nothing but a mixture of mesprison , superstition , conceitednesse ; and ( according to the seldome-reuerently-vsed prouerb ) whiles they thinke they haue God by the finger , they hold a deuill by the toe ; and all this , because their heart deceiues them . If carelesse , and loth to bee at the paines of knowing more , it perswades them they know enough ; that they cry out of more , as he did on the ointment , ( Vt quid perditio haec ? ) What needs all this waste ? and makes them as conscionable for knowledge , as Esau was for cattle , I haue enough , my brother , keepe that thou hast to thy selfe ; or as contentedly-resolute , as the Epicure in the Gospell : Soule take thy ease , thou hast knowledge enough laid vp for many yeeres . From whence it is , that too many rest simply ( yea wilfully ) in their owne measure , not so much as wishing more skill in Soule-matters ; applauding their owne safe mediocritie ; like the credulous blinde man that thought he now saw a shimmering of the Sunne-beames , when indeed his backe was towards it : Hence it is that they scoffe at the foolishnesse of preaching , scorne the forward bookishnesse of others , fearing nothing but a surfet of Manna , and hating to know more than their neighbours , than their fore-fathers ; & thus are led on muffled vp in an vnfelt ignorance , to their graue , yea , ( without the mercy of God ) to their hell . And as in these things there is a presumption of knowing what we doe not ; so contrarily , a dissimulation and concealement of the knowledge of what we doe vnderstand ; The heart of man is a great lier to it selfe this way ; Saint Paul saies that of Pagans , which I may boldly say of Christians , they haue the effect of the law written in their hearts ; yet many of them will not bee acknowne of one letter ingrauen there by the finger of God : Certaine common principles there are ( together with this law ) interlinearily written in the tables of the heart , as that we must doe as we would be done to ; That there is a God ; That this God is infinite in iustice and truth , and must be serued like himselfe ; these they either blot out , or lay their finger on , that they may not bee seene , purposely , that they may sinne freely ; and faine would perswade themselues they neuer had any such euidence from God : so putting off the checks of conscience with bold denyalls ; like the harlot of Iericho , ( but worse than she ) that hath hid the Spies , and now out-faces their entertainment : Wherein the heart doth to it selfe , that which Nahash the Ammonite , would haue done to Israel , put out his owne right eie , that it may not see that law whereby it might be conuinced , and finde it selfe miserable . Thus the vnderstanding of man is euery way deceitfull in ouerknowing , mis-knowing , dissembling ; in all which it is like an euill and vnfaithfull eye , that either will be seeing by a false glasse , or a false light , or with distortion ; or else wilfully closes the lids that it may not see at all ; and in all this deceiues vs. The will is no lesse cunning ; which though it make faire pretences of a generall inclination to good , yet ( hîc & nunc ) in particulars , hangs towards a pleasing euill ; Yea though the Vnderstanding haue sufficiently informed it of the worthinesse of good , and the turpitude of euill , yet being ouercome with the false delectablenesse of sinne , it yeelds to a misse-assent ; Reason being ( as Aquinas speakes ) either swallowed vp by some passion , or held downe by some vicious habit : It is true , still the Will followes the Reason , neither can doe otherwise ; but therefore , if Reason mis-led be contrary to Reason , and a schisme arise in the soule , it must follow that the Will must needs be contrary to Will and Reason ; Wherein it is like a Planet , which though it be carried about perpetually by the first mouer , yet slily creepes on his owne way , contrary to that strong circumuolution : And though the minde be sufficiently conuinced of the necessitie , or profit of a good act , yet for the tediousnesse annexed to it , in a dangerous spirituall acedie , it insensibly slips away from it , and is content to let it fall ; As some idle , or fearfull Merchant , that could be glad to haue gold , if it would come with ease , but will not either take the paines , or hazard the aduenture to fetch it : Thus commonly the Will ( in both respects ) Water-man-like lookes forward , and rowes backward ; and vnder good pretences doth nothing but deceiue . The affections are as deceitfull as either ; whether in misse-placing , measure , or manner . Mis-placing : They are fiery where they should be coole ; and where they should burne , freeze ; Our heart makes vs beleeue it loues God , and giues him pledges of affection ; whiles it secretly doats vpon the world ; like some false strumpet , that entertaines her husband with her eyes , and in the meane time treads vpon the toe of an Adulterer vnder the board : That it loues iustice , when it is but reuenge ; That it grieues for the missing of Christ , when indeed it is but for the loaues and fishes ; That it feares God , when indeed it is but afraid of our owne torment ; That it hates the sinne , when it is the person ; That it hates the world , when it thrusts God out of doores to lodge it . Measure : That we loue God enough , and the world but enough , when as indeed the one loue is but as the cold fit of an ague , the other an hot ; we chill in the one , no lesse than we glow in the other ; when wee make God only a stale to draw on the world ; That wee doe enough hate our corruptions , when ( at our sharpest ) we doe but gently sneape them , as Hely did his sons ; or as some indulgent parent doth an vnthriftie darling , whom he chides , and yet feeds with the fewell of his excesse ; That we haue grieued enough for our sinnes , when they haue not cost vs so much as one teare , nothing but a little fashionable winde , that neuer came further than the roots of our tongue ; That we doe enough compassionate the afflictions of Ioseph , when we drinke wine in bowles ; That wee feare God more than men , when wee are ashamed to doe that in presence of a childe , which wee care not to doe in the face of God. Manner : That our heart loues , and hates , and feares , and ioyes , and grieues truly , when it is an hypocrite in all ; That it delights constantly in God , and holy things , when it is but an Ephraims morning dew ; That our anger is zealous , when it is but a flash of personall malice , or a superstitious furie ; That we feare as sonnes , when it is as cowards , or slaues ; That we grieue as Gods patients , when we fret , and repine , and struggle like franticks against the hand of our Maker . Thus ( to summe vp all ) the heart of man is wholly set vpon cozenage ; the vnderstanding ouer-knowing , mis-knowing , dissembling ; The will pretending , and inclining contrarily ; The affections mocking vs in the obiect , measure , manner ; and in all of them the heart of man is deceitfull . Ye haue seene the face of this Cheater ; looke now at his hand ; and now ye see who this Deceiuer is , see also the sleights of his deceit ; and therein , the fashion , the subiect , the sequell of it ; from whence we will descend to our Demeanure towards so dangerous an Impostor . The fashion of his deceit is the same with our ordinary Iuglers ; either cunning conueyance , or false semblance . Cunning conueyance , whether into vs , in vs , from vs. The heart admits sinne , as Paradise did the Serpent ; There it is , but by what chinkes or cranies it entered , we know not ; so as we may say of sinne as the Master of the feast in the Gospell said to his slouenly guest , Quomodo intrasti ? How camest thou in hither ? Corruption doth not eat into the heart as our first Parents did into the apple , so as the print of their teeth might bee seene , but as the worme eats into the core , insensibly ; Neither is there lesse closenesse when it is entered ; I would it were as vntrue a word , as it is an harsh one , that many a professedly-Christian heart , lodges a deuill in the blinde roomes of it , and either knowes it not , or will not be acknowne of it ; euery one that harbours a willing sinne in his brest , doth so : The malicious man hath a furious deuill ; the wanton an vncleane deuill , a Beelphegor , or a Tammuz ; the proud man a Lucifer , the couetous a Mammon ; Certainly , these foule spirits are not more truly in hell , than in a wicked heart ; there they are , but so closely , that I know not if the heart it selfe know it ; it being verified of this citadell of the heart , which was said of that vast Niniue , that the enemie had taken some parts of it , long ere the other knew it : What should I speake of the most common , and yet most dangerous guest , that lodges in this Inne of the heart , Infidelity ? Call at the doore , and aske if such a one host not there ; They within make strange of it , deny it , forsweare it ; Call the officers , make priuy search , you shall hardly finde him : Like some Iesuite in a Popish dames chamber , he is so closely contriued into false floores , and double walls , that his presence is not more easily knowne , than hardly conuinced , confessed . How easie is it to say , that if infidelity did not lurke in the hearts of men , they durst not doe as they doe ; they could not but doe , what they doe not ? Durst they sin if they were perswaded of an hell ? durst they buy a minute of pleasure with euerlasting torments ? Could they so sleight heauen if they beleeued it ? Could they be so loth to possesse it ? Could they thinke much of a little painfull goodnesse to purchase an eternity of happinesse ? No , no , men , fathers , and brethren ; if the heart were not Infidell , whiles the face is Christian , this could not bee . Neither doth the heart of man more cunningly conuey sinne into , and in it selfe , than from it ; The sin that ye saw euen now openly in the hands , is so swiftly past vnder the board , that it is now vanished ; Looke for it in his forehead , there it is not ; looke for it vnder his tongue , there is none ; looke for it in his conscience , ye finde nothing ; and all this by the legier-de-maine of the heart : Thus Achan hath hid his wedge , and now he dares stand out to a lot ; Thus Salomons Harlot hath wip't her mouth , and it was not she : Thus Saul will lie-out his sacriledge , vntill the very beasts out-bleat , and out-bellow him ; Thus the swearer sweares , and when he hath done , sweares that hee swore not ; Thus the vncleane fornicator bribes off his sinne , and his shame , and now makes challenges to the world of his honesty . It cannot be spoken how peeuishly witty the heart of man is this way ; neither doubt I but this wilinesse is some of the poyson that the subtile serpent infected vs with in that fatall morsell : They were three cunning shifts which the Scripture recordeth of three women ( as that sex hath beene euer noted for more sudden pregnancie of wit ) Rachel , Rahab , and the good wife of Bahurim ; The first hiding the Teraphim with a modest seat , the second , the spics with flaxe-stalkes , and the third Dauids scouts with corne spred ouer the Well ; but these are nothing to the deuices that nature hath wont to vse for the cloaking of sinne ; God made man vpright , saith Salomon , but he sought many inuentions : Is Adam challenged for sinne ? Behold all on the sudden it is passed from his hand , to Gods ; The woman that thou gauest me : Is Saul challenged for a couetous and disobedient remissenesse ? the sinne is straight passed from the field to the Altar ; I saued the fattest for a sacrifice to the Lord thy God ; So the one begins his sinne in God , and the other ends it in him : Is Dauid bewitched with lust to abuse the Wife ? the Husband must bee sent home drunke , to hide it , or if not that , to his long home , in a pretended fauour of his valour : Is a griping Vsurer disposed to put his money together to breed a monster ? hee hath a thousand quirks to cozen both law and conscience : Is a Simoniacall Patron disposed to make a good match of his peoples soules ? it shall be no bargaine , but a gift : hee hath a liuing to giue , but an horse to sell . And sure I thinke in this wise age of the world , Vsurers and Simonists striue who shall finde the wittiest way to hell : What should I speake of the secret frauds in contracts , booties in matches , subornation of instruments , hiring of oathes , feeing of officers , equiuocations of answers , and ten thousand other tricks that the heart of man hath deuised for the conueiances of sinne ; in all which it too well approues it selfe incomparably deceitfull . The false semblance of the heart is yet worse ; for the former is most-what for the smothering of euill ; this is for the iustifying of euill , or the disgrace of good ; In these two doth this act of falshood chiefly consist ; in making euill good , or good euill . For the first ; The naturall man knowes well how filthy all his brood is , and therefore will not let them come forth , but disguised with the colours and dresses of good ; so as now euery one of natures birds is a Swan ; Pride is handsomnesse , desperate fury , valour ; lauishnesse is noble munificence , drunkennesse ciuility , flattery complement , murderous reuenge , iustice ; the Curtizan is bona foemina , the Sorcerer a wise man , the oppressor a good husband ; Absolom will goe pay his vowes ; Herod will worship the Babe . For the second ; such is the enuy of nature , that where shee sees a better face than her owne , she is ready to scratch it , or cast dirt in it ; and therefore knowing that all vertue hath a natiue beauty in it , she labours to deforme it by the foulest imputations . Would the Israelites be deuout ? they are idle ; Doth Dauid daunce for ioy before the Arke ? he is a foole in a Morris : Doth Saint Paul discourse of his heauenly Vision ? too much learning hath made him mad . Doe the Disciples miraculously speake all the tongues of Babel ? They are full of new wine : Doe they preach Christs Kingdome ? they are seditious ; The resurrection ? they are bablers . Is a man conscionable ? he is an Hypocrite : Is he conformable ? he is vnconscionable : Is he plaine dealing ? he is rudely vnciuill : Is he wisely insinuatiue ? he is a flatterer : In short , such is the wicked craft of the heart , that it would let vs see nothing in it owne forme ; but faine would shew vs euill faire , that we might be inamored of it , and vertue vgly , that we might abhorre it ; and as it doth for the way , so doth it for the end ; hiding from vs the glory of heauen , that is laid vp for ouer-commers , and shewing vs nothing but the pleasant closure of wickednesse ; making vs beleeue that hell is a palace , and heauen a dungeon , that so we might be in loue with death ; and thus both in cunning conueyance , and false semblance , The heart of man is deceitfull aboue all things . Ye haue seene the fashion of this deceit ; cast now your eies vpon the subiect : And whom doth it then deceiue ? It doth deceiue others , it can deceiue it selfe , it would deceiue Sathan , yea God himselfe . Others , first : How many doe we take for honest and sound Christians , who yet are but errant hypocrites ? These Apes of Sathan haue learned to transforme themselues into Angels of light ; The heart bids the eies looke vpward to heauen , when they are full of adultery ; It bids the hands to raise vp themselues towards their Maker , when they are full of bloud ; It bids the tongue wagge holily , when there is nothing in the bosome but Atheous profanenesse ; It bids the knee to bow like a Camel , when the heart is stiffe as an Elephant ; yea if need bee it can bid a teare fall from the eie , or an almes or iust action fall from the hand , and all to gull the world with a good opinion ; In all which , false chapmen and horse-coursers doe not more ordinarily deceiue their buyers in shops and faires , than wee doe one another in our conuersation : Yea , so crafty is the heart that it can deceiue it selfe ; By ouer-weening his own powers , as the proud man ; by vnder-valuing his graces , as the modest ; by mis-taking his estate , as the ignorant ; How many hearts doe thus grossely beguile themselues ? The first thinkes hee is rich , and fine , when hee is beggerly and naked ; so did the Angell of Laodicea : The second is poore in his owne spirit , when he is rich of Gods spirit : The third thinkes that he is a great fauorite of heauen , when he is rather branded for an out-cast ; that he is truly noble , when he is a slaue to that , which is baser than the worst of Gods creatures , sinne : Let the proud and ignorant worldling therefore know , that though others may mocke him with applauses , yet that all the world cannot make him so much a foole as his owne heart . Yea , so cunning is the heart , that it thinkes to goe beyond the deuill himselfe : I can ( thinks it ) swallow his bait , and yet auoid his hooke ; I can sinne , and liue ; I can repent of sinning , and defeat my punishment by repenting ; I can runne vpon the score , and take vp the sweet and rich commodities of sinfull pleasure ; and when I haue done , I can put my selfe vnder the protection of a Sauiour , and escape the arrest : Oh the world of soules that perish by this fraud , fondly beguiling themselues , whiles they would beguile the Tempter . Yet higher : Lastly , as Satan went about to deceiue the Son of God ; so this foolish consort and client of his goes about to deceiue God himselfe : The first paire of hearts that euer was , were thus credulous , to thinke they should now meet with a meanes of knowledge and Deifying , which God either knew not of , or grudged them , and therefore they would be stealing it out of the side of the apple , without God , yea against him : Tush , none eye shall see vs ; Is there knowledge in the most high , saith the sottish Atheist ? Lord , haue not we heard thee preach in out streets ? haue not we cast out Deuils in thy name ? sayes the smoothing hypocrite ; as if he could fetch God ouer for an admission into heauen . Thou hast not lied to man , but to God , saith S. Peter to Ananias . And pettish Ionas , after hee had beene cooled in the belly of the Whale , and the Sea , yet will be bearing God downe in an argument to the iustifying of his idle choler , I doe well to be angry to the death . But as the greatest Politicians are oft ouertaken with the grossest follies ( God owes proud wits a shame ) the heart of man could not possibly deuise how so much to be foole it selfe , as by this wicked presumption : Oh yee fooles , when will ye vnderstand ? He that formed the eye , shall he not see ? Hee that teacheth man knowledge , shall not he vnderstand ? The Lord knoweth the thoughts of man , that they are vanitie . A rod for the backe of fooles , yea a rod of iron for such presumptuous fooles , to crush them in peeces like a Potters vessell . Ye haue seene the fashion and the subiect of this deceit : the sequell , or effect followes ; euery way lamentable ; For hence it comes to passe that many a one hath had his heart in keeping fortie , fiftie , threescore yeeres , and more , and yet is not acquainted with it ; and all because this craft hath kept it at the Priscillianists locke , Tu omnes , te nemo ; It affects to be a searcher of all men , no man is allowed to come aboard of it ; And if a man whether out of curiositie , or conscience , bee desirous to inquire into it ( as it is a shame for a man to be a stranger at home ; Know ye not your owne hearts , saith the Apostle ; ) it casts it selfe , Proteus-like , into so many formes , that it is very hard to apprehend it . One while the man hath no heart , ( 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ) saith Salomon ; Then hee hath ( 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ) an heart , and an heart , saith Dauid ; and one of his hearts contradicts another ; and then how knowes he whether to beleeue ? And what certainty , what safety can it be for a man to liue vnacquainted with himselfe ? O● this vnacquaintance , secondly , arises a dangerous mes-prison of a mans selfe , in the nature and quantity of his sinne , in the quality of his repentance , in his peace and intirenesse with God , in his right to heauen , and ( in a word ) in his whole spirituall estate . Of this mes-prison , thirdly , arises a fearefull disappointment of all his hopes , and a plunging into vnauoidable torments : Wherein it is miserable to see , how cunningly the traiterous hearts of many men beare them in hand all their liues long ; soothing them in all their courses , promising them successe in all their waies , securing them from feare of euills , assuring them of the fauour of God , and possession of heauen ( as some fond Bigot would bragge of his Bull , or Medall , or Agnus Dei ; or , as those Priests that Gerson * taxes , who made the people beleeue that the Masse was good for the eye-sight , for the mawe , for bodily health , and preseruation ) till they come to their death-beds ; But then when they come to call forth the comforts they must trust to , they finde them like to some vnfaithfull Captaine , that hath all the while in Garrison filled his purse with dead paies , and made vp the number of his companies with borrowed men ; and in time of ease shewd faire ; but when hee is called forth by a sudden alarum , bewraies his shame and weaknesse , and failes his Generall when he hath most need of him ; right thus doe the perfidious hearts of many , after all the glorious bragges of their security , on the bed of their last reckoning , finde nothing but a cold despaire , and a wofull horror of conscience ; and therefore too iustly may their hearts say to them , as the heart of Apollodorus the Tyran seemed to say vnto him ; who dreamed one night that hee was fleaed by the Scythians , and boyled in a Caldron ; and that his heart spake to him out of the kettle ( 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ) It is I that haue drawne thee to all this . Certainly neuer man was , or shall bee frying in hell , but cries out of his owne heart , and accuses that deceitfull peece as guilty of all his torment : For let Satan be neuer so malicious , and the world neuer so parasiticall , yet if his owne heart had beene true to him , none of these could haue hurt him . Let the rest of our enemies doe their worst , only from the euill of our owne hearts , good Lord deliuer vs. It were now time for our thoughts to dwell a little vpon the meditation , and deploration of our owne danger and misery , who are euery way so inuironed with subtlety . If wee looke at Satan , his old title is , that old Serpent ; who must needs therefore now , by so long time and experience , bee both more old and more Serpent . If we looke at sinne , it is as crafty as he ; Lest any of you be hardened through the deceitfulnesse of sinne : If at our owne hearts , we heare ( that which we may feele ) that the heart is deceitfull aboue all things . Oh wretched men that we are , how are we beset with Impostors on all hands ; If it were more seasonable for vs to bewaile our estate , than to seeke the redresse of it ; But since it is not so much worth our labour to know how deepe the pit is , into which wee are fallen , as how to come out of it , heare rather ( I beseech you ) for a conclusion , how wee may auoid the danger of the deceit of our false heart ; euen iust so as we would preuent the nimble feates of some cheating Iugler , Search him , watch him , Trust him not . Looke well into his hands , pockets , boxes , sleeues , yea , vnder his very tongue it selfe ; There is no fraud so secret , but may be descried ; were our hearts as crafty as the deuill himselfe , they may be found out ; We are not ignorant ( saith Saint Paul ) of Satans deuices ; much more then may we know our owne ; Were the hearts of men ( as Salomon speakes of Kings ) like vnto deepe waters , they haue a bottome , and may be fathomed ; Were they as darke as hell it selfe , and neuer so full of windings , and blind waies , and obscure turnings , doe but take the lanthorne of Gods law in your hand , and you shall easily finde all the false and foule corners of them ; As Dauid saith of the Sun , nothing is hid from the light thereof ; Proue your selues , saith the Apostle ; It is hard if falshood be so constant to it selfe that by many questions it bee not tripped : Where this duty is slackened , it is no wonder if the heart bee ouer-run with spirituall fraud ; Often priuy searches scarre away vagrant , and disorderly persons , where no inquiry is made , is a fit harbour for them ; If yee would not haue your hearts , therefore , become the lawlesse Ordinaries of vncleane spirits , search them oft ; Leaue not a straw vnshaken to finde out these Labanish Teraphim that are stolne , and hid within vs ; And , when wee haue searched our best , if we feare there are yet some vnknowne euills lurking within vs ( as the man after Gods owne heart prayes against secret sinnes ) let vs call him in that cannot be deceiued ; and say to God with the Psalmist , Search thou me ô Lord , and trie me ; Oh let vs yeeld our selues ouer to bee ransackt by that all-seeing eye , and effectuall hand of the Almighty . All our daubing , and cogging , and packing , and shuffling lies open before him , and he only can make the heart ashamed of it selfe . And when our hearts are once stript naked , & carefully searcht , let our eyes be euer fixedly bent vpon their conueyances , and inclinations ; If we search and watch not , wee may be safe for the present , long wee cannot ; for our eye is no sooner off , than the heart is busie in some practise of falshood ; It is well if it forbeare whiles wee looke on , for The thoughts of mans heart are only euill continually ; and many a heart is like some bold and cunning theefe , that lookes a man in the face , and cuts his purse : But surely , if there be any guardian of the soule , it is the eye ; The wise mans eye ( saith Solomon ) is in his head ; doubtlesse , on purpose to looke into his heart : My sonne , aboue all keepings keepe thy heart , saith he ; If we doe not dogge our hearts then in all our wayes , but suffer our selues to lose the sight of them , they run wilde , and we shall not recouer them till after many slippery tricks on their parts , and much repentance on ours . Alas , how little is this regarded in the world ? wherein the most take no keepe of their soules , but suffer themselues to run after the wayes of their owne hearts , without obseruation , without controlement ; What should I say of these men , but that they would faine be deceiued , and perish ? For after this loose licentiousnesse ( without the great mercy of God ) they neuer set eye more vpon their hearts , till they see them either fearfully intoyled in the present iudgements of God , or fast chained in the pit of hell , in the torments of finall condemnation . Thirdly , If our searches and watches should faile vs , wee are sure our distrust cannot ; It is not possible our heart should deceiue vs , if we trust it not ; Wee carry a remedy within vs of others fraud ; and why not of our owne ? The Italians not vnwisely pray God ( in their knowne prouerbe ) to deliuer them from whom they trust ; for wee are obnoxious to those we relie vpon , but nothing can leese that which it had not ; Distrust therefore can neuer be disappointed : If our hearts then shall promise vs ought ( as it hath learned to profer largely , of him that said , All these will I giue thee ) although with vowes & oathes , aske for his assurances ; if he cannot fetch them from the euidences of God , trust him not : If he shall report ought to vs , aske for his witnesses ; if he cannot produce them from the records of God , trust him not : If he shall aduise vs ought , aske for his warrant ; if he cannot fetch it from the Oracles of God , trust him not ; And in all things so beare our selues to our heart , as those that thinke they liue amongst theeues and cozeners ; euer iealously and suspiciously ; taking nothing of their word , scarce daring to trust our owne senses ; making sure worke in all matters of their transactions . I know I speake to wise men , whose counsell is wont to be asked , and followed , in matter of the assurances of estates ; whose wisdome is frequently imployed in the triall , euiction , dooming of malefactors : Alas , what shall it auaile you that you can aduise for the preuention of others fraud , if in the meane time you suffer your selues to be coz●●●d at home ? What comfort can you finde in publike seruice to the state against offenders , if you should carry a fraudulent and wicked heart in your owne bosomes ? There is one aboue whom wee may trust , whose word is more firme than heauen ; When heauen shall passe , that shall stand ; It is no trusting ought besides , any further than he giues his word for it . Mans Epithet is , Homo mendax , and his best part , the hearts , deceitfull . Alas , what shall wee thinke , or say of the condition of those men , which neuer follow any other aduice than what they take of their owne heart ? Such are the most ; that make not Gods Law of their counsell ; As Esay said of Israel , Abijt vagtis in viacordis sui : Surely they are not more sure they haue an heart , than that they shall be deceiued with it , and betraied vnto death ; Of them may I say , as Salomon doth of the wanton foole , that followes an harlot ; Thus with her great craft she caused him to yeeld , and with her flattering lips she intised him : And he followed her straightwayes , as an Oxe that goes to the slaughter , or as a foole to the stocks for correction . Oh then , deare Christians , as euer yee desire to auoid that direfull slaughter-house of hell , those wailings , and gnashings , and gnawings , and euerlasting burnings , ●●●ke carefully to your owne he●rts ; and what euer suggestions they shall make vnto you , trust them not , till you haue tried them by that vnfaileable rule of righteousnesse , the royall law of your Maker , which can no more deceiue you , than your hearts can free you from deceit . Lastly , that wee may auoid not onely the euents , but the very enterprises of this deceit , let vs countermine the subtill workings of the heart . Our Sauiour hath bidden vs be wise as Serpents ; What should bee wise but the heart ? And can the heart be wiser than it selfe ? 〈…〉 wisdome of the heart remedie the craft of the heart ? Certainly it may . There are two men in euery regenerate brest , the old and the new ; And of these ( as they are euer plotting against each other ) wee must take the better side , and labour that the new man , by being more wise in God , may out-strip the old : And how shall that be done ? If we would dispossesse the strong man that keepes the house , our Sauiour bids vs bring in a stronger than hee ; and if wee would ouer-reach the subtiltie of the old man , yea , the old Serpent , bring in a wiser than hee , euen the Spirit of God , the God of wisdome ; 〈◊〉 would haue Achitophels wicked counsels crossed , set vp an Hushai within vs : The foolishnesse of God is wiser than the wisdome of men . Could wee but settle God within vs , our craftie hearts would bee out of countenance , and durst not offer to play any of their deluding tricks before him from whom nothing is hid ; and if they could bee so impudently presumptuous , yet they should be so soone controlled in their first motions , that there would bee more danger of their confusion , than of our deceit . As yee loue your selues therefore , and your owne safetie , and wo●ld bee free from the perill of this secret broaker of Satan , your owne hearts , render them obediently into the hands of God ; giue him the keyes of these closets of his owne making ; beseech him that hee will vouchsafe to dwell and reigne in them ; so shall wee be sure that neither Satan shall deceiue them , nor they deceiue vs ; but both wee and they shall be kept safe and inuiolable , and presented glorious to the appearance of our Lord IESVS CHRIST : To whom with the FATHER , and the HOLY GHOST ●e all honour and glor●● for euer and euer AMEN . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A02537-e120 1 Cor. 2.11 . Acts 19.19 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Psal . 94.10 , 11. Psal . 12. * Qui publicè volunt dogmatizarescupraedicare popu●o , quod si quis audit missam in illo die non 〈◊〉 coe●us , nec moriet●r morte subitanea , nec carebit sufficienti sustetatione , &c 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Esa . 57.17 . Pro. 7.21 .