Epistles. The third and last volume containing two decades / by Ioseph Hall ... Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656. 1611 Approx. 186 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 128 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2007-10 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A02536 STC 12663.4 ESTC S4691 23742112 ocm 23742112 26853 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A02536) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 26853) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 725:1c or 1833:9) Epistles. The third and last volume containing two decades / by Ioseph Hall ... Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656. [12], 124, [2], 114 [i.e. 116] p. Printed by E. Edgar, and A. Garbrand, at the Wind-mill in Pauls Church yard, London : 1611. In two pts. "The sixt decade of epistles" has special t.p., with 1610 imprint. Signatures: A6, B-H8, I4, K2, 2A-G8, H4 (last leaf blank). Title within architectural border. Errata: p. [12]. Errors in paging: p. 68 and 70 of pt. 1 misnumbered 56 and 60 respectively; p. 77-78 of pt. 2 repeated in the numbering. Reproductions of originals in the British Library and University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus). Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Christian life. 2005-11 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2005-12 Apex CoVantage Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2006-10 Ali Jakobson Sampled and proofread 2006-10 Ali Jakobson Text and markup reviewed and edited 2007-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion EPISTLES , THE THIRD AND LAST VOLVME . CONTAINING two Decades . By IOSEPH HALL Doctor of Diuinitie . LONDON Printed for E. Edgar , and A. Garbrand , at the Wind-mill in Pauls Church yard . 1611. TO THE MOST HIGH AND EXCELLENT PRINCE , HENRIE , Prince of Wales , all happinesse . Most Gracious Prince , LET mee not ( whiles I desire to be dutifull ) seeme importunate , in my dedications . I now bring to your Highnesse these my last , and perhaps most materiall Letters : wherein , if I mistake not , ( as , how easily are wee deceiued in our owne ? ) the pleasure of the varietie shall striue with the importance of matter . There is no worldly thing , I confesse , whereof I am more ambitious then of your Highnesses contentment , which that you place in goodnesse , is not more your glory , then our ioy : Do so still , and heauen and earth shall agree to blesse you , and vs in you . For me , after this my officious boldnesse , I shall betake myselfe in silence , to some greater worke , wherein I may approue my seruice to the Church , and to your Highnes , as her second ioy and care . My heart shall be alwaies , and vpon al opportunities , my tong and pen , shall no lesse gladly bee deuoted to my gracious Master , as one Who reioyce to be your Highnesses ( though vnworthy , yet ) faithfull and obsequious Seruant . IOS . HALL . THE SVMME OF THE SEVERALL EPISTLES . DECAD . V. EP. I. TO my Lord Bishop of Bath and Wels. Discoursing of the causes and means of the increase of Popery . 1. EP. II. To my Lord B. of Worcester Shewing the differences of the present Church , from the Apostolicall ; and needlesnesse of our conformity thereto in all things . 21. EP. III. To my Lady MARY DENNY . Containing the discription of a Christian , and his differences from the worldling . 33. EP. IIII. To my L. HONORIA HAY. Discoursing of the necessity of Baptisme ; and the estate of those which necessarily want it . 43. EP. V. To Sir RICHARD LEA , since deceased . Discoursing of the comfortable remedies of all afflictions . 57. EP. VI. To Master PETER MOVLIN Preacher of the Church at Paris . Discoursing of the late French occurrents , and what vse God expects to be made of them . 69. EP. VII . To M. THOMAS SVTTON . Exciting him , and ( in him ) all others to early and chearefull beneficence : shewing the necessity and benefit of good workes . 77. EP. VIII . To E. B. Dedicated to Sir GEORGE GORING . Remedies against dulnes and hartlesnesse in our callings , and encouragements to chearefulnesse in labour . 91. EP. IX . To S. H. I. Discussing this Question . Whether a man and wife after some yeares mutuall , and louing fruition of each other , may vpon consent , whether for secular , or religious causes , vowe and performe a perpetuall separation from each others bed , and absolutely renounce all carnall knowledge of each other for euer . 101 EP. X. To M. WILLIAM KNIGHT ; Incouraging him to persist in the holy calling of the ministery , which vpon conceit of his insufficiency , and want of affection , he seemed inclining to forsake , and change . 115 DECAD . VI. EP. I. TO my Lord DENNY . A particular account how our dayes are , or should be spent , both common and holy . 1 EP. II. To M. T. S. Dedicated to Sir FVLKE GREVILL . Discoursing how wee may vse the world without danger . 13 EP. III. To S. GEORGE FLEETVVOOD . Of the remedies of sinne , and motiues to auoide it . 21 EP. IIII. To M. Doctor MILBVRNE . Discoursing how farre , and wherein Popery destroieth the foundation . 31. EP. V. Written long since to I. W. Disswading from separation : and shortly oppugning the grounds of that errour . 41. EP. VI. To Master I. B. A complaint of the mis-education of our Gentry . 65 EP. VII . To Master IONAS REIGES BERGIVS in Zeland . Written some whiles since , concerning some new opinions then broaced in the Churches of Holland ; and vnder the name of Arminius ( then liuing : ) perswading all great wits to a studie and care of the common Peace of the Church , and disswading from al affectation of singularity . 75 EP. VIII . To W. I. condemned for murder Effectually preparing him , and ( vnder his name ) whatsoeuer Malefactor , for his death . 83. EP. IX . To Master IOHN MOLE , of a long time now prisoner vnder the Inquisition at Rome . Exciting him to his wonted constancie , and incouraging him to Martyrdome . 93. EP. X. To all Readers . Containing Rules of good aduice for our Christian and ciuill carriage . 107. Errata . DECAD . V. PAge 3. line 11. read setlednes for seelednes . p. 12. l. 16. read their for they , p. 14. l. 4. r. stales for stalls . p. 17. l. 13. r. great , oppugnation for Great oppugnation , p. 23. l. 15. r. person for persons , p. 27. l. 19. r. Fastes for Facts , p. 28. vlt r. concluding for concluding , p. 37. l. 9 , r. ingrosses for ingrosse , p. 44. l. 2. read heard for hard , p. 72. l. 10. r. Duels for Doels , p. 72. l. 20. r. Cotton for Cotten , p. 74. l. 12. r. holy for wholy , p. 84. penult . r. death-bed for dead bed , p. 92. l. 4. r. more weake for more weaker p. 98. 7. r. our price for our pride , p. 104. l. 12. r. then euer forthen neuer , p. 110. l. 1. r. matrimoniall for matrimonicall , p. 115. l. 8. r. I am not more for I am more , p 116. l. r. 20 appose vs for oppose vs : DECAD . VI. PAge 39. l. 6. r. Judges for Iudge . p. 66. l. 19. r. Ruffians for ruffianlike , p. 73. l. 5. r. glad for gald , p. 87. l. 20. r. let for lets , p. 110. l. 12. r. yeeld for yeelds . p. 112. l. 11. r. probation for prouation , The fifth Decade . EPISTLE . I. To my Lord Bishop of Bathe and Wels. EP. I. Discoursing of the causes and means of the increase of Popery . BY what meanes the Romish religion hath in these latter times preuailed so much ouer the world , ( Right Reuerend and honourable ) is a consideration both weighty , and vse-full : for hence may we frame our selues either to preuent , or imitate them : To imitate them in what wee may ; or preuent them in what they should not . I meddle not with the meanes of their first risings : the munificence of Christian Princes , the honest deuotions of wel-meaning Contributers , the diuision of the Christian world , the busie indeauours of forward Princes , for the recouery of the holy land , with neglect of their owne , the ambitious insinuations of that sea , the same and large dominiō of those seuen hils ; the compacted indulgence , and conniuence of some treacherous , of other timorous rulers ; the shameles flattery of parasites , the rude ignorance of Times ; or if there be any other of this kinde ; My thoughts and wordes shall be spent vpon the present , and latest age . All the world knowes , how that pretended chayre of Peter tottered , and cracked , some threescore yeares agoe , threatning a speedy ruine to her fearefull vsurper : How is it that still it stands , and seemes now to boast of some setlednesse ? Certainely , if hell had not contriued a new support , the Angell had long since saide , It is fallen , it is fallen ; and the Merchants , Alas , Alas , the great Citie . The brood of that lame Loyola shall haue this miserable honour , without our enuie ; that if they had not beene , Rome had not beene . By what meanes , it rests now to enquire . It is not so much their zeale for falshood ; which yet wee acknowledge , and admire not . If Satan were not more busie then they , we had lost nothing . Their desperate attempts , bold intrusions , importunate solicitations haue not returned empty ; yet their policy hath done more then their force . That Popish world was then foule , and debauched , as in doctrine , so in life ; and now beganne to be ashamed of it selfe ; when these holy Fathers , as some Saints drop't out of heauen , suddenly professed an vnusuall strictnesse , sad piety , resolued mortification ; and so drew the eyes , and hearts of men after them , that poore foules beganne to thinke it could not be other then diuine , which they taught ; other then holy , which they touched . The very times ( not seldome ) giue as great aduantage , as our owne best strength : and the vices of others giue glory to those which eyther are , or appeare vertuous . They saw how ready the world was to bite at the baite , and now followed their successe , with new helps . Plenty of pretended miracles must blesse , on all sides , the in deauours of this new Sect ; and calls for both approbation , and wonder . Those things by the report of their owne pennes ( other witnesses I see none ) haue beene done by the ten Patriarcks of the Iesuitish Religion , both aliue and dead , which can hardly bee matched of him , whose name they haue vsurped . And now the vulgar can say , If these men were not of God , they could doe nothing : How can a man that is a sinner do such miracles ? not distrusting either the fame , or the worke , but applauding the Authors , for what was said to bee done . But now lest the enuie of the fact should surpasse the wonder , they haue learned to cast this glory vpon their woodden Ladies , & to communicate the gaine vnto the whole Religion : Two blocks at Hale and Scherpen-heuuell , haue saide and done more for Popery , then all Fryers , euer since Francis wore his breeches on his head . But because that praise is sweete , which arises from the disgrace of a riuall , therefore this holy society hath besides , euer wont to honor it selfe by the brokage of shameles vntruthes against the aduerse part ; not caring how probable any report is , but how odious . A iust volume would not containe those willing lies , wherewith they haue purposely loded religion , and vs ; that the multitude might first hate vs , and then enquire : and these courses are helde not tollerable , but meritorious . So the ende may be attayned , all meanes are iust ; all wayes straight . VVhom we may , we satisfie : but wounds once giuen , are hardly healed with out some scarres : and commonly accusations are vocall , Apologies dumbe . How easie is it to make any cause good , if we may take liberty of tongue , and conscience ? Yet lest some glimpse of our truth and innocence should perhaps lighten the eyes of some more inquisitiue Reader , they haue by strict prohibitions , whether of bookes , or conference , restrained all possibility of true informations ; Yea their owne writings , wherein our opinions are reported with confutation , are not alowed to the common view , lest if it should appeare what we hold , our meere opinion should preuaile more then their subtilest answere . But aboue all , the restraint of Gods booke hath gained them most ; If that might be in the hands of men , their religion could not be in their hearts ; now , the concealement of Scriptures breeds ignorance , and ignorance superstition . But because forbiddance doth but whet desire , and worke a conceite of some secret excellence in things denyed ; therfore haue they deuised to affright this dangerous curiosity , with that cruell , butcherly , hellish Inquisition . Wherein yet there is not lesse craft then violence . For since they haue perceiued the blood of Martyrs to bee but the seed of the Church , and that these perfumes are more dispersed with beating ; they haue now learned to murder without noyse , and to bring forth ( if , at least , they list sometimes to make the people priuie to some examples of terror ) not men but carcasses . Behold , the constant confessions of the dying Saints haue made them weary of publique executions : None but bare walls shalll now testifie the courage and faith of our happy Martyrs . A disguised corps is onely brought forth to the multitude either for laughter , or feare . Yet because the very dead speake for truth in a loude silence ; these spectacles are rare ; and the graues of heretickes are become as close as their death . Yet lest ( since neither liuing mouthes , nor faithfull pens may be suffered to insinuate any truth ) those speeches should perhaps be receiued from the Ancients , which in vs were hereticall ; the monuments of vnpartial antiquity must be depraued , all witnesses that might speake against them must be corrupted , with a fraudulent violence ; and some of them purged to the death . So whiles ours are debarred , and the Ancients altered , posteritie shal acknowledge no aduersarie . What should I speake of those plausible deuices ; which they haue inuented to make superstitious , and foolish Proselytes ? Their proud vaunts of antiquity , vniuersality , succession , and the name of their fore-fathers , doe not only perswade , but amaze , and besot an ignorant heart . The glorious shews of their processions , the gaudy ornaments of their Altars , the pompe and magnificence of the places , and maner of their Seruices , the triumphes of their great Festiuals , are enough to bewitch any childish , simple , or vaine beholders . VVho knowes not that nature is most led by sense ? Sure , children and fooles ( such are all meere naturall men ) cannot be of any other religion . Besides all these , their personall vndertakings , what for cunning , what for boldnes , could promise nothing but successe . They can transforme themselues into all shapes ; and in these false formes thrust themselues into al Courts , and companies , not oftner changing their habit , then their name . They can take the best opportunities to worke vpon those which are either most vnable to resist , or most like to bestead them . That I may not speake of the wrongs of vnseasonable trauell : wherein many vnsettled heads haue met dangers , and solicited errors : who like fond and idle Dinahs , going abroad to gaze , haue beene rauished ere they returne . Neuer any bird was so laide for , by the ne●s and cals of the fowler , as the great heire of some noble family , or some fiery wit , is by these impostors . They know that greatnesse is both lawlesse , and commaunding ; if not by precept , yet by example : their very silence is persuasory , and imperious . But alas for that other sexe : Still the diuel begins with Eue ; still his assault is strongest , where is weakest resistance . Simon Magus had his Helena , Nicholas the Deacon had his choros foemineos ( as Hierome cals them . ) Marcion had his Factoresse at Rome ; Appelles his Philumena , Montanus his Prisca and Maximilla ; Arrius his Constantines-sister , Donatus his Lucilla , Elpidius his Agape , Priscillianus his Galla : and our Iesuites haue their painted Ladies ( not dead , but liuing ) both for obiects and instruments . VVhen they saw they could not blow vp religion with French powder into heauen , they now try by this Moabitish plot to sinke it downe to hell . Those silly women , which are laden with sinnes , and diuers lusts , must now bee the stalls of their spiritual fornications : But for that these enterprises want not danger ; that both parts may securely succeede , beholde publike liberty of dispensations , whether for dissembled religion , or not vnprofitable filthinesse . These meanes are ( like the Authors ) dishonest , and godlesse . Adde ( if you please ) hereto , those which pretend more innocent policy : their common dependances vpon one commaunder , their intelligences giuen , their charges receiued , their rewards and honors ( perhaps of the Calender , perhaps of a red hat ) duely conferred . Neither may the least helpe be ascribed to the conference of studies ; ( the conioyned labours of whole Societies directed to one end , and shrouded vnder the title of one Author : ) to large maintenances , raised from the death-beds of some guilty benefactors : from whence flow both infinite numbers , and incomparable helpes of Students . Vnder which head , for the time past , not a fewe are mooued by the remembrance of the bounteous hospitality of the religious ; who hauing ingrossed the world to themselues , seemed liberal in giuing something ; like vnto some vaineglorious theeues , which hauing robbed wealthy Merchants , bestow some pence vpon beggars . Further , the smothering , if not composing of their frequent strifes , and confining of brawles within their owne thresholds ; with the nice men aging of their knowne oppositions , hath wonne many ignorant friends . Lastly , the excellent correspondence of their doctrines vnto nature , hath been their best solicitor . Wee haue examined particulars in a former Epistle : wherein we haue made it euident , that Popery affects nothing but to make nature either proud , or wanton : it offers difficulties , but carnall ; and such as the greatest louer of himselfe would easily imbrace for an aduantage . That we may therefore summe vp all ; I neede not accuse our carelesnesse , indifferency , idlenesse , loose carriage ; in all which , would God we had not aided them , and wronged our selues ; Nor yet their zeale and forwardnesse ; worse meanes are guily of their gaine . In short , the faire outside which they set vpon Religion , which sure is the best they haue , if not all ; their pretended miracles , wilfull vntruths , strait prohibitiōs , bloody & secret inquisitiōs , deprauations of Ancient witnesses , expurgation of their owne ; gay and gairish sights , glorious titles , crafty changes of names , shapes , habits , conditions ; insinuations to the great oppugnation of the weaker sexe ; falshood of answers , and oathes , dispensatons for sinnes , vniting of forces , concealing of differences , largenesse of contributions , multitude of actors , and meanes , accordances to mens naturall dispositions : Where wee on the contrary care not to seeme but to bee , disclaime miracles , dare not saue the life of religion with a lie ; giue free scope to all pennes , to all tongues , to all eyes ▪ shed no blood for religion : suffer al writers to speake like themselues ; shew nothing but poore simplicity in our deuotions , got euer , and looke as wee are ; teach the truth right-downe in an honest plainenesse , take no vantage of imbecillity : sweare true , though we die ; giue no hope of indulgence for euill ; studie each retyred to himselfe , & the muses ; publish our quarrels and aggrauate them ▪ anger nature , and conquer it . Such gaine shall be grauell in their throates : such losses to vs ( in our not daring to sinne ) shall bee happy and victorious ; in all other regards are both blame worthy , and recouerable . What dulnesse is this ? Haue we such a King , as in these lists of Controuersie , may dare to grapple with that great infallible Vicar , for his triple crown : Such Bishops as may iustly challenge the whole Consistory of Rome ; so many learned Doctors , and Diuines , as no nation vnder heauen , more ; so flourishing Vniuersities as Christendome hath none ; such blessed opportunities , such encouragements ; and now when we want nothing else , shal we be wanting to our selues ? Yea aboue all these , the God of heauen fauours vs ; and doe wee languish ? The cause is his , and in spight of the gates of hell shall succeede , though wee were not : our neglect may slacken the pace of truth , cannot stay the passage . VVhy are we not as busie , as suttle , more resolute ? Such spirits , and such hands as yours ( reuerend Lord ) must put life into the cold brests of this frozen generation , and raise them vp to such thoughts and indeuors , as may make the emulation of our aduersaries equall to their enmitie . To my Lord Bishop of Worcester . EP. II. Shewing the differences of the present Church from the Apostolicall ; and needlesnesse of our conformity thereto in all things . I Feare not to say those men are but superstitiously curious , ( Right Reuerend , and honorable ) which would call backe all circumstances , to their first patternes . The Spouse or Christ hath been euer cloathed with her owne rites : And as apparrell , so Religion hath her fashions , variable according to ages , and places : To reduce vs to the same obseruations which were in Apostolicall vse , were no better then to tye vs to the sandals of the Disciples , or the seamlesse coate of our Sauiour . In these cases , they did , what we need not : and we may , what they did not God meant vs no bondage in their example : their Canons binde vs whether for maners , or doctrine , not their Ceremonies . Neither Christ , nor his Apostles did all things for imitation : I speake not of miraculous Acts. We neede not be silent before a Iudge , as Christ was ; wee need not take a towel , and gird our selues , and wash our seruants feet , as Christ did ; we need not make tents for our liuing as Paul , nor go armed as Peter ; nor cary about our wiues , as he , and the other Apostles . I acknowledge the ground not onely of separation , but Anabaptisme ; and wonder that these conceits doe not answere themselues who can choose but see a manifest difference betwixt those lawes , which Christ and his great Ambassadors made for eternall vse , and those rituall matters , which were confined to place , and time ? Euery Nation , euery persons sinnes that obserues not those ; These for the most part , are not kept of the most ; and are as well left without sinne by vs , as vsed without prescription or necessity by the Authors . Some of them we cannot doe ; others wee neede not : which of vs can cast out diuels by command ? Who can cure the sicke by ointment , and imposition of hands ? The Disciples did it . All those Acts which proceeded from supernaturall priuiledge , ceased with their cause : who now dare vndertake to continue them ? Vnlesse perhaps some bold Papists , who haue brought in grosse magicke instead of miraculous authoritie ; and daube very chrcasses instead of healing diseases . There be more yet , which we neede not doe : VVhat neede wee to choose Ministers by Lot ? VVhat neede we to disclaime all peculiarity in goods ? VVhat need wee to Christen in riuers ; or to meete vpon their bankes ? VVhat need wee to receiue Gods Supper after our owne ? VVhat to leane in each others bosome while we receiue it ? what to abhorre leauen in that holy Bread ? what to celebrate loue feasts vpon the receipt ? what to abstaine from all strangled and bloud ? what to depend vpon a maintenance arbitrary , and vncertaine ? what to spend our daies in a perpetuall pererration , as not onely the Apostles but the Prophets and Euangelists some ages after Christ ? whosoeuer would impose all these on vs , he should surely make vs , not the Sonnes , but the slaues of the Apostles . Gods Church neuer helde her selfe in such seruile termes ; yea Christ himselfe gaue at first some precepts of this nature , which he reuersed ere long : when hee sent the Disciples to preach , hee charges , take not gold , nor siluer , nor money in your girdles ; afterwards Iudas carried the bag . He charges , not to take so much as a staffe ; yet after behold two swords : should the Disciples haue held their master to his owne rule ? Is it necessary that what he once commaunded , should be obserued alwayes ? The very next age to these Christian Patriarcks , neither would nor durst haue so much varied her rites , or augmented them if it had found it selfe tyed either to number , or kind : As yet it was pure , chast , and ( which was the ground of all ) persecuted . The Church of Rome distributed the sacramentall Bread : the Church of Alexandria permitted the people to take it : the Churches of Affricke and Rome , mixed their holy wine with water ; other colder regions dranke it pure . Some kneeled in their prayers , others fell prostrate ; and some lifted vp eies , hands , feet towards heauen : some kept their Easter according to the Iewish vse the foureteenth of March ; the French ( as Nicephorus ) the eight of the Calends of Aprill , in a set solemnity : the Church of Rome the Sunday after the fourteenth Moone ; which yet ( as Socrates truly writes ) was neuer restrained by any Gospell , by any Apostle . That Romish Victor ouercame the other world in this point , with too much rigour ; whose censure therfore of the Asian Churches was iustly censured , by Irenaeus . VVhat should I speake of their difference of facts ? there can scarce bee more variety in daies , or meates . It hath euer beene thus seene , according to our Anselmes rule , that the multitude of different ceremonies in all Churches , hath iustly commended their vnitie in faith . The French Diuines preach couered ( vpon the same rule which required the Corinthians to be vncouerd ) we bare : The Dutch sit at the Sacrament , we kneele ; Geneua vseth wafers , wee leauened bread ; they common vestures in Diuine seruice , we peculiar : each is free : no one doth either blames , or ouer rule others . I cannot but commend those very Nouatian Bishops ( though it is a wonder any precedent of peace should fall from schismaticks ) who meeting in Councel together , enacted that Canon of indifferency , when the Church was distracted with the differences of her Paschall solemnities ; conluding how insufficient , this cause was to disquiet the Church of Christ . Their owne issue ( our Separatists ) will needes be vnlike them in good ; and striue to a further distance from peace : whiles in a conceit not lesse idle , thē scrupulous , they presse vs to an vniforme cōformity in our fashions to the Apostles . Their owne practise condemnes them : They call for some , and yet keepe not all : yet the same reason enforces all , that pleads for some : and that which warrants the forbearance of some , holds for all . Those tooles which serue for the foundation , are not of vse for the roof . Yea the great master builder chose those workmen for the first stones which he meant not to imploy in the walls . Doe wee not see all Christs first agents extraordinary Apostles , Euangelists , Prophets ; Prophetesses ? See wee not fiery and clouen tongues descending ▪ What Church euer since boasted of such founders ; of such meanes ? Why wol●d God begin with those which he meant not to continue , but to shew vs we may not alwayes looke for one face of things ? The nurse feeds and tends her child at first ; afterward hee is vndertaken by the discipline of a Tutor ; must he be alwaies vnder the spoone , and ferule , because hee began so ? If he haue good breeding , it matters not by whose hands . VVho can deny , that we haue the substance of all those royall Lawes , which Christ and his Apostles left to his Church ? what do we how thus importunately catching at shadows ? If there had beene a necessity of hauing what we want , or wanting what we haue , let vs not so farre wrong the wisedome and perfection of the law-giuer , as to thinke he would not haue enioined that , and forbidden this . His silence in both argues his indifferency , and cals for ours ; which while it is not peaceably intertayned , there is clamour without profite , malice without cause , and strife without ende . To my Lady Mary Denny . EP. III. Contayning the description of a Christian , and his differences from the worldling . MADAM . IT is true that worldly eyes can see no difference , betwixt a Christian , & another man ; the out-side of both is made of one clay , and cast in one mould ; both are inspired with one common breath : Outward euents distinguish them not ; those , God neuer made for euidences of loue , or hatred . So the sēses can perceiue no difference , betwixt the reasonable soule , & that which informes the beast : yet the soul knows there is much more , then betwixt their bodies . The same holds in this : Faith sees more inward diffrence , then the eye sees outward resemblance . This point is not more high , then material : which that it may appeare , let me shew , what it is to be a Christian : You that haue felt it , can secōd me with your experience ; and supply the defects of my discourse . He is the liuing temple of the liuing God , where the deity is both resident & worshipped . The highest thing in a man is his owne spirit ; but in a Christian the spirit of God , which is the God of spirits . No grace is wanting in him ; & those which there are , want not stirring vp . Both his hart & his hands are cleane : All his outward purity flowes from within ; neither doth he frame his soul to counterfait good actiōs , but out of his holy dispositiō , commands and produces them , in the sight of God. Let vs begin with his beginning , and fetch the Christian out of his nature , as another Abraham from his Chaldea : whiles the wordling liues and dies , in nature , out of God. The true conuert therfore after his wilde and secure courses puts himselfe ( through the motions of gods spirit ) to schoole vnto the lawe ; there he learnes what he should haue done , what hee could not do , what he hath done , what he hath deserued . These lessons , cost him many a stripe , and many a teare , and not more griefe then terror : For this sharpe master makes him feele what sinne is , and what hell is : and in regard of both , what himselfe is . When he hath well smarted vnder the whip of this seuere vsher , and is made vile enough in himselfe , then is he led vp into the higher schoole of Christ , & there taught the comfortable lessons of grace ; there he learnes , what belongs to a Sauiour , what one hee is , what he hath done , and for whom , how he became ours , we his ; & now finding himselfe in a true state of danger , of humilitie , of neede , of desire , of fitnes for Christ , he brings home to himself al that he learns , and what he knowes he applies . His former Tutor he feared , this hee loueth ; that shewed him his wounds , yea made them : this binds and heales them : that killed him , this shewes him life , and leades him to it . Now at once he hates himselfe , defies Satan , trusts to Christ , makes account both of pardon and glory . This is his most precious Faith , whereby he appropriates , yea in grosses Christ Iesus to himselfe : whence hee is iustified from his sinnes , purified from his corruptions , established in his resolutiōs , comforted in his doubts , defended against temptations , ouercomes all his enemies . Which vertue , as it is most imploied , and most opposed , so carries the most care from the Christian hart , that it be sound , liuely growing : Sound , not rotten , not hollow not presumptuous : sound in the Act ; not a superficiall conceit , but a true , deepe , and sensible apprehension ; an apprehension , not of the braine , but of the heart , and of the heart not approuing , or assenting , but trusting , and reposing Sound in the obiect , none but Christ : he knows , that no friendship in heauen can do him good , without this ; The Angells cannot : God will not : Ye beleeue in the Father , beleeue also in me . Liuely ; for it cannot giue life , vnlesse it haue life ; the faith that is not fruitfull is dead : the fruits of faith are good workes : whether inward , within the roofe of the heart , as loue , awe , sorrow , piety , zeale , ioy , and the rest ; or outward towards God , or our bretheren : obedience and seruice to the one : to the other reliefe and beneficence : These he beares in his time : sometimes all , but alwayes some . Growing : true faith cannot stand still , but as it is fruitfull in workes , so it increaseth in degrees ; from a little seede it proues a large plant , reaching from earth to heauen , and from one heauen to another : euery showre and euery Sun addes something to it . Neither is this grace euer solitary , but alwaies attended royallie : For hee that beleeues what a Sauiour hee hath , cannot but loue him : & he that loues him cannot but hate whatsoeuer may displease him : cannot but reioice in him , & hope to inioy him , and desire to enioy his hope , and contemne all those vanities which he once desired and enioyed . His minde now scorneth to grouell vpon earth , but soareth vp to the things aboue , where Christ sits at the right hand of God : and after it hath seene what is done in heauen , looks strangely vpon al worldly things . He dare trust his faith aboue his reason , and sense ▪ and hath learned to weane his appetite from crauing much : Hee stands in awe of his owne conscience and dare no more offend it , then not displease himselfe . Hee feares not his enemies , yet neglects them not ; equally auoiding security , and timorousnesse : Hee sees him that is inuisible ; and walks with him awfully , familiarly . He knowes what he is borne to , and therefore digests the miseries of his wardship , with patience : hee findes more comfort in his afflictions , then any worldling in pleasures . And as hee hath these graces to comfort him within , so hath hee the Angels to attend him without ; spirits better then his owne , more powerfull , more glorious ; These beare him in their armes , wake by his bed , keepe his soule while hee hath it and receiue it when it leaues him . These are some present differences , the greatest are future , which could not bee so great , if themselues were not witnesses ; no lesse then betwixt heauen and hell , torment and glory , an incorruptible crowne , and fire vnquēchable . Whether Infidels be leeue these things or no , we know them : so shall they , but too late . What remaynes but that wee applaud our selues in this happines ; & walke on clearly in this heauenly professiō ? acknowledging that God could not do more for vs ; & that we cānot do enough for him . Let others boast ( as your Ladiship might with others ) of ancient and noble houses , large Patrimonies , or dowries , honourable commaunds ; others of famous names , high and enuied honors , or the fauors of the greatest ; others of valor or beauty , or some perhaps of eminent learning and wit ; it shall bee our pride that we are Christians . To my Lady Honoria Hay . Ep. IIII. Discoursing of the necessity of Baptisme ; and the estate of those which necessarily want it . MADAME . MEthinks children are like teeth , troublesome both in the breeding , and loosing , & oftentimes painful while they stand : yet such , as we neither would , nor can well be without . I goe not about to comfort you thus late , for your losse , I rather congratulate your wise moderation , & Christian care of these first spirituall priuiledges ; desiring only to satisfie you in what you hard as a witnesse ; not in what you needed as a mother . Children are the blessings of Parents , and baptisme is the blessing of children , and parents : Wherein , there is not only vse , but necessity ; Necessity , not in respect so much of the end , as of the precept : God hath enioyned it , to the comfort of parents , and behoofe of children : which therefore , as it may not be superstitiously hastened , so not negligently differred . That the contempt of baptisme damneth , is past all doubt ; but that the constrained absence thereof , should send infants to hel , is a cruell rashnesse . It is not their sinne to die early : death is a punishment , not an offence ; an effect of sinne , not a cause of torment ; they want nothing but time ; which they could not cōmand . Because they could not liue a while longer , that therfore they should die euerlastingly , is the hard sentence of a bloody religion . I am onely sorry , that so harsh an opinion should bee graced with the name of a father , so reuerend , so diuine : whose sentence yet , let no man pleade by halues . He who helde it vnpossible for a child to be saued vnlesse the baptismall water were powred on his face , held it also as vnpossible , for the same infant , vnlesse the sacramētal bread were receiued into his mouth . There is the same ground for both , the same error in both , a weaknes fit for forgetfulnes ; seeyet how ignorāt , or il meaning posterity , could single out one half of the opinion for truth : and condemne the other of falshood . In spight of whom , one part shall easily conuince the other ; yea without al force , since both cannot stand , both will fall together , for company . The same mouth , which said , vnlesse ye be borne againe of water , and the holy Ghost , said also , Except yee eate the flesh of the Sonne of man , and drinke his blood : An equall necessity of both . And lest any one should plead different interpretations , the same Saint Austin auerres this later opinion also , concerning the necessary communicating of children , to haue beene once the common iudgement of the Church of Rome : A sentence so displeasing , that you shall finde the memory of it noted with a blacke coale , & wip't out in that infamous bill of Expurgations . Had the ancient Church held this desperate sequele , what strange , and yet wilful cruelty had it bene in them , to deferre baptisme a whole yearelong : till Easter , or that Sunday , which hath his name ( I thinke ) from the white robes of the baptised ? Yea what an aduenture was it in some , to adiourne it till their age ( with Constantine ) if being vnsure of their life , they had beene sure the preuention of death wold haue inferred damnation ? Looke vnto that legall Sacrament of circumcision , which ( contrary to the fancies of our Anabaptists ) directly answeres this Euangelicall . Before the eight day they could not bee circumcised : before the eight day they might die . If dying the seuenth day , they were necessarily condemned : eyther the want of a day is a sinne , or God sometimes condemneth not for sin : Neither of them possible , neither according with the iustice of the Law-giuer . Or if from this parallell , you please to looke either to reason or example , the case is cleare . Reason ; No man that hath faith , can bee condemned ; for Christ dwels in our harts by faith : and he in whom Christ dwels cannot bee a reprobate . Now it is possible a man may haue a sauing saith , before baptisme : Abraham first beleeued to iustification : then after receiued the signe of circumcision , as a seale of the righteousnes of that faith , which he had when he was vncircumcised : Therefore some dying before their baptisme , may , yea must be saued . Neither was Abrahams case singular ; he was the Father of all them also , which beleeue , not being circumcised : these , as they are his Sons in faith , so in righteousnesse ; so in saluation : vncircumcision cannot hinder , where faith admitteth ; These following his steps of beleefe before the sacrament , shal doubtlesse rest in his bosome , without the sacrament ; without it , as fataly absent , not as willingly neglected . It is not the water , but the faith : not the putting away the filth of the flesh ( saith Saint Peter ) but the stipulation of a good conscience ; for who takes Baptisme without a ful faith ( saith Hierome ) takes the water , takes not the spirit ; VVhence is this so great vertue of the water , that it should touch the body , and cleanse the heart ( saith Austen ) vnlesse by the power of the word , not spoken , but beleeued ? Thou seest water ( saith Ambrose : ) euery water heales not , that water onely heals which hath the grace of God annexed ; And if there bee any grace in the water ( saith Basill ) it is not of the nature of the water , but of the presence of the spirit . Baptisme is indeed , as S. Ambrose stiles it , the paune and image of our resurrection , yea ( as Basil ) the power of God to resurrectiō : but ( as Ignatius expoundes this phrase aright ) beleeuing in his death , wee are by baptisme made partakers of his resurrection . Baptisme therefore without faith cannot saue a man , and by faith doth saue him ; and faith without baptisme ( where it cannot be had ; not where it may be had , and is contemned ) may saue him : That Spirit which workes by meanes , will not bee tyed to meanes . Examples . Cast your eyes vpon that good theefe : good in his death , though in his life abhominable : hee was neuer washed in lordan , yet is receiued into Paradise ; his soble was foule with rapines , and iniustice , yea bloody with murders : and yet being scouted onely with the blood of his Sauiour , not with water of baptisme ; it is presented glorious to God. I say nothing of the soules of Traian , and Falconella , meere heathens , liuing and dying without Christ , without baptisme : which yet their honest Legend reports deliuered from hell , transported to heauen , not so much as scorched in Purgatorie : The one by the prayers of Gregory , the other of Tecla . VVhat partiality is this to deny that to the children of Christians , which they grant to knowne , infidels ? The promise is made to vs , and our seed ; not to those that are without the pale of the Church . Those Innocents which were massacred for Christ , are by them canonized for Saints , and make one day in their Calendar ( each yeare ) both holy , and dismall ; whereof yet scarce any liued to know water , none to know baptisme . Yea , all Martyrs are here priuiledged ; who are Christened in their owne blood , instead of water : but where hath God saide , All that die without baptisme , shall die for euer , except Martyrs ? why not , except beleeuers ? It is faith that giues life to Martyrs ; which if they should want , their first death could not auoyde the second . Ambrose doubted not to say , his Valentinian was baptised , because hee desired it ; not because he had it : he knew the minde of God , who accounts vs to haue what we vnfaynedly wish . Children cannot liue to desire baptisme , if their parents desire it for them , why may not the desire of others be theirs , as well as ( according to Austins opinion ) the faith of othērs beleeuing , and the mouth of others confessing ? In these cases therefore of any soules but our owne , it is safe to suspend , and dangerous to passe iudgement . Secret things to God : Hee that made all soulesv , knowes what to doe with them , neither will make vs of counsaile : But if we define either way , the errors of charity are inoffensiue . wee must honour good meanes and vse them , and in their necessarie want depend vpon him , who can worke , beyond , without , against meanes . Thus haue I endeauoured your Ladiships satisfaction in what you heard , not without some scruple . If any man shall blame my choice in troubling you with a thorny , and scholasticall discourse , let him know that I haue learned this fashion of St. Hierome the Oracle of Antiquitie , who was wont to entertaine his Paula , and Eustochium , Marcella , Principia , Hedibia , and other deuout Ladies , with learned canuases of the deep pointes of Diuinity . This is not so perplexed , that it need to offend : nor so vnnecessary , that it may bee vnknowne . To Sir Richard Lea , since deceassed . EP. V. Discoursing of the comfortable remedies of all afflictions . WIse men seeke remedies before their disease : sensible patients , when they beginne to complaine : fooles , too late . Afflictions are the common maladies , of Christians : These you feele , and vpon the first grones seeke for ease . VVherefore serues the tongue of the learned , but to speake wordes in season ? I am a scholer of those that can comfort you : If you shall with mee , take out my lessons , neither of vs shall repent it . You smart and complaine , take heed least too much : There is no affliction not grieuous : the bone that was disioynted , cannot bee set right without paine . No potion can cure vs , if it worke not : it workes not , except it make vs sicke : wee are contented with that sickenesse , which is the way to health . There is a vexation without hurt : such is this : We are afflicted , not ouer-pressed ; needy , not desperate ; persecuted not forsaken , cast downe but perish not . How should we , when all the euil in a Citie comes from the prouidence of a good God ; which can neither be impotent , nor vnmercifull ? It is the Lord , let him doe what he will. VVoe were vs if euils could come by chance ; or were let loose to alight where they list : now they are oueruled ; wee are safe . The destinie of our sorrowes is written in heauen by a wise and eternall decree : Behold he that hath ordained , moderates them . A faithfull God , that giues anissue with the tentation : An issue , both of their end , and their successe . He chides not alwayes , much lesse striketh ; Our light afflictions are but for a moment , not so long , in respect of our vacancy ; and rest . If we weepe somtimes , our teares are precious ; As they shall neuer be dry in his bottle , so they shall soone be dry vpon our cheekes . Hee that wrings them from vs , shal wipe them off : how sweetly doth he interchange our sorrows , and ioyes , that wee may neither be vaine , nor miserable ? It is true ; to be strooke , once in anger , is fearefull : his displeasure is more then his blow : In both , our God is a consuming fire . Feare not , these stripes are the tokens of his loue : hee is no Son , that is not beaten ; yea till he smart , and cry ; if not till he bleed : no parent corrects anothers child , and he is no good parent , that corrects not his owne . Oh rod worthy to be kissed , that assures vs of his loue , of our adoption ! VVhat speake I of no hurt ? short prayses doe but discommend , I say more , these euills are good : looke to their effects . What is good if not patience ? affliction is the mother of it ; tribulation bringeth forth patience . VVhat can earth or heauen yeeld better then the assurance of Gods spirit ? Afflictions argue , yea seale this to vs. Wherein stands perfect happinesse , if not in our neare resemblance of Christ ? VVhy was man created happy , but because in Gods image ? The glory of Paradise , the beauty of his body , the duty of the creatures , could not giue him felicity without the likenesse to his creator . Behold , what we lost in our height , we recouer in our misery ; a conformity to the Image of the Sonne of God : hee that is not like his elder brother , shall neuer be coheire with him . Lo his side , temples , hands , feet , all bleeding : his face blubbred ghastly , & spitted on : his skin al pearled with a bloody sweate , his head drouping , his soule heauy to the death : see you the worldling merry , soft , delicate , perfumed , neuer wrinkled with sorrow , neuer humbled with afflictions ? What resemblance is here , yea what contrariery ? Ease slayeth the foole ; it hath made him resty , and leaues him miserable . Be not deceiued ; No man can follow Christ without his Grosse ; much lesse reach him and if none shall reigne with Christ , but these that suffer with him ; what shall become of these iolly ones ? Go now thou dainty worldling , and please thyselfe in thy happines , laugh alwaies , and bee euer applauded ; It is a wofull felicity that thou shalt find in opposition to thy redeemer : He hath saide , woe to them that laugh ; Beleeuest thou , and dost not weepe at thy laughter ? and with Salomon , condemne it of madnes ? And againe , with the same breath , Blessed are ye that weepe : who can beleeue this , and not reioyce in his owne teares , and not pitty the faint smiles of the godlesse ? Why blessed ? For ye shal laugh : Behold we that weepon earth , shal laugh in heauen : wee that now weepe with men , shall laugh with Angels ; while the fleering worldling , shal be gnashing , and howling with diuels : we that weepe for a time , shall laugh for euer : who would not be content to differ his ioy a little , that it may be perpetuall , and infinite ? VVhat mad man would purchase this crackling of thornes ( such is the wordlings ioy ) with eternal shrieking & tormēt ? he that is the dore and the way , hath taught vs , that through many afflictions wee must enter into heauen . There is but one passage , and that a strait one : It with much pressure wee can get through , and leaue but our superfluous rags as torne from vs in the crowd ; we are happy . Hee that made heauen , hath on purpose thus framed it ; wide when we are entred ; and glorious narrow and hard in the entrance : that after our paine , our glory might be sweeter . And if before hand you can climbe vp thither in your thoughts ; looke about you , you shall see no more palmes , then crosses : you shall see none crown'd , but those that haue wrestled : with crosses and so rows , to sweat , yea to blood ; and haue ouercome . All runs here to the ouercommer , and ouercomming implies both fighting , and successe . Girde vp your loynes therefore , and strengthen your weake knees , resolue to fight for heauen , to suffer in fighting , to persist in suffering ; so persisting you shall ouercome , and ouercomming you shall bee crowned . Oh reward truely great , aboue desert , yea , aboue conceit . A crowne for a fewe groanes : And eternall crowne of life and glory , for a short and moment any suffering : How iust is Saint Pauls account , that the afflictions of this present life are not worthy of the glory which shall be shewed vnto vs ? O Lord let me smart that I may reigne ; vphold thou me in smarting , that thou mayest holde mee worthy of reigning . It is no matter how vile I be , so I may be glorious . VVhat say you ? would you not bee afflicted ? VVhether had you rather mourne for a while , or for euer ; One must bee chosen : the election is easie : Whether had you rather reioyce for one fit or alwayes ? You would doe both . Pardon me ; it is a fond couetousnes , and idle singularity to affect it . What ? That you alone may fare better then all Gods Saints ? That God should strew Carpets for your nice feet onely , to walke into your heauen , and make that way smooth for you , which all Patriarks , Prophets , Euangelists , Confessors , Christ himselfe , haue found rugged and bloody ? Away with this selfe loue ; and come downe you ambitious Sonne of Zebedee : and ere you thinke of sitting neare the throne , bee content to bee called vnto the Cup. Now is your tryall ; Let your Sauiour see how much of his bitter potion you can pledge ; then shall you see how much of his glory he can afford you . Be content to drinke of his Vineger , and gall , and you shall drinke new wine with him in his kingdome . To Master Peter Moulin , Preacher of the Church at PARIS . EP. VI. Discoursing of the late French occurrents , and what vse God expects to be made of them . SInce your trauels here with vs , wee haue not forgotten you ; but since that , your witty and learned trauels in the common affaires of Religion haue made your memory both fresh , and blessed . Beholde , whiles your hand was happily busie in the defence of our King , the heads and hands of traitors were busie in the massacring of your owne . God doth no memorable , and publick act , which he would not haue talked of , read , construed of all the world . How much more of neighbours , whom scarce a sea seuereth from each other ? how much yet more of brethren , whom neither land , nor sea , can seuer ? Your dangers , and feares , and griefes haue beene ours : All the salt water that runs betwixt vs , cannot wash off our interest in all your common causes : The deadly blow of that miscreant ( whose name is iustly sentenced to forgetfulnesse ) pierced euen our sides . VVho hath not bled within himselfe , to thinke that he , which had so victoriously out-liued the swordes of enemies , should fall by the knife of a villaine ? and that he should die in the peaceable streets , whom no fields could kil ? that all those honorable and happy triumphs should end in so base a violence ? But oh our idlenesse , and impietie , if we see not a diuine hād from aboue , striking with this hand of disloyalty . Sparrows fall not to the ground without him much lesse Kings ; One dyes by a tyle-sheard , another by the splinters of a Launce , one by Lice , another by a Fly , one by poyson , another by a knife ; VVhat are all these but the executioners of that great God , which hath saide , Ye are Gods , but ye shall die like men ? Perhaps God saw ( that wee may guesse modestly at the reasons of his acts ) you reposed too much , in this arme of flesh ; or Perhaps he saw this scourge would haue beene too early , to those enemies , whose sin , though great , yet was not full : or perhaps hee saw , that if that great spirit had beene deliberately yeelded in his bed , you shold not haue slept in yours : Or perhaps the auncient conniuence at those streames of bloud , from your too common deels , was now called to reckning ; or , it may be , that weake reuolt from the truth . He whos 's the rod was , knows why he strooke : yet may it not passe without a note , that he fell by that religion , to which he fell . How many ages might that great monarch haue liued ( whatsoeuer the ripe head of your more then mellow Cotton could imagine ) ere his least finger should haue bled , by the hand of an Huguenot ? All religions may haue some monsters ; but blessed be the God of heauen , ours shall neuer yeeld that good Iesuite , either a Mariana to teach treason , or a Rauillac to act it . But what is that we heare ? It is no maruell : That holy Society is a fit Gardian for the hearts of kings : I dare say , none more loues to see them : none takes more care to purchase them . How happy were that Chappell ( think they ) if it were full of such shrines ? I hope all Christian Princes haue long , and well learned ( so great is the courtesie of these good Fathers ) that they shall neuer ( by their willes ) neede bee troubled with the charge of their owne heartes . An heart of a KING in a Iesuites hand , is as proper , as a wafer in a Priests . Iustly was it written of old , vnder the picture of Ignatius Loyola , Cauete vobis Principes ; Be wise O ye Princes , and learne to be the keepers of your owne hearts . Yea rather , O thou keeper of Israel , that neither slumbrest nor sleepest , keepe thou the hearts of al Christian Kings , whether aliue or dead , from the keeping of this traiterous generation ; whose very religion is wholy rebellion , and whose merits bloody . Doubtlesse , that murderer hoped to haue stabbed thousands with that blow , and to haue let out the life of religion , at the side of her collapsed Patron : God did at once laugh and frowne at his proiect ; and suffred him to liue to see himselfe , no lesse a foole then a villaine : Oh the infinite goodnesse of the wise , and holy gouernor of the world ; who could haue looked for such a calme in the middest of a tempest ? who wold haue thought that violence could beget peace ? Who durst haue conceiued that King Henry should die alone ? and that Religion should loose nothing but his person ? This is the Lords doing , and it is marueilous in our eyes . You haue now parallel'd vs : Out of both our feares hath God fetched security : oh that out of our security , we could as easily fetch feare : not so much of euill , as of the Author of good ; and yet trust him in our feare , and in both magnifie him . Yea , you haue by this act gained some conuerts , against the hope of the agents : neither can I without many ioyfull congratulations , thinke of the estate of your Church ; which euery day honours with the accesse of new clients ; whose teares and sad confessions make the Angels to reioyce in heauen , & the Saints on earth . Wee should giue you example , if our peace were as plentifull of goodnesse as of pleasure . But how seldom hath the Church gained by ease ? or lost by restraint ? Blesse you God for our prosperity , and wee shall praise him for your progresse . To Master THOMAS SVTTON . EP. VII . Exciting him , and ( in him ) all others to early and chearfull beneficence : shewing the necessity and benefit of good workes . SIR , I trouble you not with reasons of my writing , or with excusds : If I doe ill , no plea can warrant mee ; If well , I cannot bee discouraged with any censures . I craue not your pardon , but your acceptation . It is no presumption to giue good counsell ; and presents of loue feare not to bee ill taken of strangers . My pen and your substance are both giuen vs for one end , to doe good : These are our talents , how happy are we if wee can improue them well : suffer me to doe you good with the one that with the other , you may doe good to many , and most to your selfe . You cannot but know , that your full hand , and worthy purposes haue possessed the world with much expectation : what speake I of the world ? whose honest and reasonable claymes yet , cannot bee contemned with honour , nor disappointed without dishonour . The God of heauen , which hath lent you this aboundance , and giuen you these gracious thoughts of charity ; of piety , looks long for the issue of both : & wil easily complaine either of too little or too late . Your wealth and your will are both good , but the first is onely made good by the second for if your hand were ful , and your heart empty , we who now applaud you , should iustly pitty you , you might haue riches , not goods , not blessings : your burthen should be greater , then your estate ; and you should be richer in sorrowes , then in mettalls . For ( if wee looke to no other world ) what gaine is it to be the keeper of the best earth ? That which is the common cofer of all the rich mines , we doe but tread vpon ; and account it vile , because it doth but holde , and hide those treasures . Whereas the skilfull metalist that findeth , and refineth those precious veines , for publick vse , is rewarded , is honoured . The very basest Element yeeldes golde ; the sauage Indian gets it , the seruile prentise workes it , the very Midianitish Camell may weare it , the miserable worldling admires it , the couetous lew swallowes it , the vnthrifty Ruffian spends it : what are al these the better for it ? Onely good vse giues praise to earthly possessions . Here in therfore you owe more to God , that he hath giuen you an heart to doe good a will to bee as rich in good workes , as great in riches . To be a friend to this Mammon , is to be an enemie to God : but to make friends with it , is roiall , and Christian . His enemies may be wealthie , none but his friends can either be good , or doe good : Da & accipe , saith the wise man. The Christian which must imitate the hie patterne of his creator , knows his best riches to be bounty ; God that hath all , giues all ; reserues nothing . And for himselfe ; he well considers , that God hath not made him an owner , but a seruant : and of seruants a seruant , not of his goods but of the giuer ; not a treasurer , but a Steward : whose praise is more to lay out well , then to haue receiued much . The greatest gaine therfore that he affects , is an euen reckning , a cleare discharge : which since it is obtained by disposing , not by keeping , he counts reseruation losse , and iust expence his trade , and ioy ; he knowes , that Well done faithfull seruant , is a thousand times more sweet a note , then Soule take thine ease ; for that is the voyce of the master recompencing , this of the carnall heart presuming : and what follows to the one , but his masters ioy ? what to the other , but the losse of his soule ? Blessed bee that God which hath giuen you an heart to fore thinke this , and in this dry , and dead age , a will to honour him with his own : and to credit his Gospell , with your beneficence ; Lo we are vpbrayded with barrennesse : your name hath beene publikly opposed to these challenges , as in whom it shall be seene , that the truth hath friends that can giue . I neither distrust , nor perswade you , whose resolutions are happily fixed on purposes of good : onely giue mee leaue to hasten your pace a little , and to excite your Christian forwardnesse , to begin speedily , what you haue long and constantly vowed . You would not but doe good ; why not now ? I speake boldly , the more speede , the more comfort : Neither the times are in our disposing , nor our selues : if God had set vs a day , and made our wealth inseparable , there were no danger in delaying ; now our vncertainty either must quicken vs , or may deceiue vs. How many haue meant wel , and done nothing , and lost their crowne with lingring ? whose destinies haue preuented their desires , and haue made their good motions the wards of their executors , not without miserable successe : to whō , that they wold haue done good , is not so great a praise , as it is a dishonor that they might haue done it : their wracks are our warnings , we are equally mortal , equally fickle . Why haue you this respite of liuing , but to preuent the imperious necessity of death ? it is a woful and remedilesse complaint , that the end of our dayes hath ouer-runne the beginning of our good workes . Early beneficence hath no danger , many ioies : for the conscience of good done , the prayers and blessings of the releeued , the gratulations of the Saints , are as so many perpetuall comforters , which can make our life pleasant , and our death happy our euill dayes good , and our good better . All these are lost with delay , few and cold are the prayers for him that may giue : & in lieu , our good purposes fore flowed , are become our tormenters vpon our dead-bed . Little difference is betwixt good differred , and euill done : Good was meant , who hindered it , will our conscience say ? there was time enough , meanes enough , neede enough , what hindered ? Did feare of enuy , distrust of want ? Alas what bugs are these to fright men from heauen ? As if the enuy of keeping , were lesse then of bestowing : As if God were not as good a debtor , as a giuer : he that giues to the poore lendes to God , saith wise Salomon ; If hee freely giue vs what wee may lend , and grace to giue ; will he not much more pay vs what wee haue lent ; and giue vs because wee haue giuen ? That is his bounty , this his iustice ▪ Oh happy is that man that may be a creditor to his maker : Heauen and earth , shall be empty before he shall want a royall payment . If wee dare not trust God whiles we liue , how dare we trust men when we are dead ? Men that are still deceitfull , and light vpon the ballance , light of truth , heauy of selfe-loue . How many executors haue proued the executioners of honest wills ? how many haue our eies seen , that after most carefull choise of trustie guardians , haue had their children and goods so disposed , as if the parents soule could returne to see it , I doubt whether it could be happy ? How rare is that man that prefers not himselfe to his dead friend ? profit to truth ? that will take no vantage of the impossibility of account ? What euer therefore men either shew , or promise , happy is that man that may bee his owne auditor , superuisor , executor . As you loue God and your selfe , be not afraid of being happie too soone . I am not worthy to giue so bolde aduice , let the wise sonne of Syrach speake for me . Do good before thou die , and according to thine ability stretch out thine hands , and giue : Defraud not thy selfe of thy good day ; and let not the portion of thy good desires ouerpasse thee : Shalt thou not leaue thy trauels to another , and thy labours to them that will deuide thine heritage ? Or let a wiser then he , Salomon : Say not , tomorrow I will giue , if thou now haue it : for thou knowest not what a day will bring forth . It hath beene an old rule of liberality , he giues twise that giues quickly , whereas slow benefites argue vnchearefulnesse , and lose their worth . Who lingers his receits is condemned as vnthriftie : he that knoweth both , saith , it is better to giue , then to receiue . If we be of the same spirit , why are we hasty in the worse , and slacke in the better ? Suffer your selfe therfore good Sir , for Gods sake , for the Gospels sake , for the Churches sake , for your soules sake , to bee stirred vp by those poore lines , to a resolute and speedy performing of your worthy intentions : and take this as a louing inuitation sent from heauen , by an vnworthie messenger . You cānot deliberate long of fit obiects for your beneficence , except it be more for multitude , then want : the streets , yea the world is full ; How doth Lazarus lie at euery dore ? how many Sons of the Prophets in their meanely-prouided Colledges may say , not , Mors in olla , but Fames ? how many Churches may iustly pleade , that which our Sauiour bad his Disciples , The Lord hath need ? And if this infinite store hath made your choyce doubtfull , how easie were it to shew you , wherein you might oblige the whole Church of God to you , and make your memoriall both eternall , and blessed ; or , if you had rather , the whole common wealth ? But now I find my selfe too bold and too busie , in thus looking toward particularities : God , shall direct you , and if you follow him , shall crowne you : howsoeuer , if good be done , and that be times : he hath what hee desired , and your soule shall haue more then you can desire . The successe of my weake yet hearty counsell , shall make me as rich , as God hath made you with all your aboundance . That God blesse it to you , and make both our recknings chearfull in the day of our common audit . To E. B. Dedicated to Sir GEORGE GORING . EP. VIII . Remedies against dulnesse and hartlesnesse in our callings , and encouragements to chearefulnesse in labour . IT falls out not seldom ( if we may mesure all by one ) that the mind ouer layed with worke , grows dull , and heauy : and now doth nothing , because it hath done too much ; ouer lauish expence of spirits hath left it heartlesse : As the best vessell with much motion and vent , becomes flat , and dreggish . And not fewer ( of more weaker temper ) discourage themselues with the difficultie of what they must doe : some trauailers haue more shrunke at the Mappe then at the way ? Betwixt both , how many sit stil with their hands folded ; and wish they knew how to be rid of time ? If this euill bee not cured , we become miserable losers , both of good houres , and of good parts . In these mentall diseases , Empiricks are the best Phisitians . I prescribe you nothing but out of feeling : If you will auoide the first : moderate your own vehemencie ; suffer not your selfe to do all you could do : Rise euer from your deske , not without an appetite . The best horse will tire soonest , if the reine lie euer loose in his necke : Restraints in these cases are incouragements : obtaine therefore of your selfe to deferre , and take new daies : How much better is it to refresh your selfe , with many competent meales , then to buy one daies glutonie : with the fast of many ? And if it be hard to call off the mind , in the midst of a faire and likely flight ; know that all our ease and safetie begins at the commaund of our selues : hee can neuer taske himselfe wel , that cannot fauour himselfe . Perswade your heart that perfection comes by leasure : and no excellent thing is done at once : the rising and setting of many Sunnes ( which you thinke slackens your worke ) in truth ripens it . That gourd which came vp in a night , withered in a day ; whereas those plants which abide age , rise slowly . Indeede , where the heart is vnwilling , prorogation hinders : what I list not to doe this day , I loath the next ; but where is no want of desire , delay doth but sharpen the stomach . That which we doe vnwillingly leaue , we long to vndertake , & the more our affection is , the greater our intention , and the better our performance . To take occasion by the foretop , is no small point of wisedome ; but to make time ( which is wilde and fugitiue ) tame and pliable to our purposes , is the greatest improuement of a man : All times serue him , which hath the rule of himselfe . If the second , thinke seriously of the conditiō of your being : It is that we were made for ; the birde to flie , and man to labour . What doe wee here if wee repine at our worke ? we had not beene , but that we might be still busie ; if not in this taske we dislike , yet in some other of no lesse toile : There is no act that hath not his labor , which varies in measure according to the will of the doer . This which you complaine of , hath beene vndertaken by others , not with facilitie only , but with pleasure ; & what you choose for ease , hath beene abhorred of others , as tedious . All difficultie is not so much in the worke , as in the Agent . To set the minde on the racke of long meditation ( you say ) is a torment : to follow the swift foote of your hound alday long , hath no wearinesse : what would you say of him that finds better game in his studie , then you in the fielde , and would account your disport his punishment ? such there are , though you doubt and wonder . Neuer think to detract from your businesse , but adde to your will. It is the policie of our great enemie , to driue vs with these feares , from that hee fore-sees would grow profitable : like as some inhospitall Sauages make fearefull delusions by sorcery , vpon the shore , to fright strangers from landing . Where you find therfore motions of resistance , awaken your courage the more , & know there is some good that appeares not ; vaine indeauors find no opposition . Al crosses implie a secret commoditie : resolue then to will because you begin not to will : and either oppose your selfe , as Satan opposes you , or else you doe nothing . We pay no price to God for any good thing , but labour ; if we higgle in that , we are worthy to lose our bargaine . It is an inualuable gaine , that we may make in this trafique : for God is bountifull , as well as iust , and when he sees true indeauour , doth not only sell , but giue : whereas idlenes neither gets nor saues , nothing is either more fruitlesse of good , or more fruitfull of euill ; for we doe ill whiles wee doe nothing , and lose , whiles we gaine not . The sluggard is senselesse , and so much more desperate , because hee cannot complaine : but ( though hee feele it not ) nothing is more precious then time , or that shall abide a reckning more strict and fearefull : yea this is the measure of all our actions , which if it were not abused , our accounts could not be but euen with God : so God esteemes it ( what euer our pride be ) that he plagues the losse of a short time , with a reuenge beyond all times . Houres haue wings , and euery moment flies vp to the author of time , and carries newes of our vsage : All our prayers cannot intreate one of them either to returne , or slacken his pace : the mispense of euery minute is a new record against vs in heauen . Sure , if we thought thus , wee would dismisse them with better reports , and not suffer them either to goe away empty , or laden with dangerous intelligence ; how happy is it that euery houre should conuey vp , not only the message , but the fruits of good , and stay with the Ancient of daies , to speake for vs before his glorious throne ? know this and I shall take no care for your pains , nor you , for pastime . None of our profitable labours shall be transient , but euen when wee haue forgotten them , shall welcome vs into ioy : wee thinke wee haue left them behind vs , but they are forwarder then our souls , and expect vs where wee would be . And if there were no crowne for these toiles , yet without future respects there is a tediousnesse in doing nothing . To man especially , motion is natural : there is neither minde , nor eie , nor ioint which mooueth not : And as company makes way short , houres neuer goe away so merrily , as in the fellowship of worke . How did that industrious heathen draw out water by night , and knowledge by day , & thoght both short , euer labouring onely that he might labour ? Certainely if idlenesse were enacted by authoritie , there would not want some , which would pay their mulct , that they might worke and those spirits are likest to heauen , which moues alwaies , and the freest from those corruptions , which are incident to nature : The running streame cleanseth it selfe , whereas standing ponds breede weedes , and mud . These meditations must hearten vs to that we must do : whiles we are cheareful , our labours shall striue whether to yeeld vs more comfort , or others more profit . To S. H. I. EP. IX . Discussing this Question . Whether a man and wife after some yeares mutuall , and louing fruition of each other , may vpon consent , whether for secular , or religious causes , vowe and performe a perpetuall separation from each others bed , and absalutely renounce all carnall knowledge of each other for euer . I Wish not my selfe any other aduocate , nor you any other aduersarie , then Saint Paule who neuer gaue ( I speake boldly ) a direct precept , if not in this : his expresse charge whereupon I insisted , is Defraude , not one another , except with consent for a time , that you may giue your selues to fasting and praier , and then againe come together , that Satan tempt you not , for your incontinency . Euery word ( if you weigh it well ) opposes your part , and pleads for mine : By consent of al Diuines ancient , & moderne , ( defrauding ) is refraining frō matrimonical conuersation : see what a word the Spirit of God hath chosen for this abstinence : neuer but taken in ill part . But there is no fraud in consent , as Chrysostom , Athanasius , Theophilact , expound it : true ; therefore Saint Paule addes ( vnlesse with consent ) that I may omit to say , that in saying ( vnlesse with consent ) he implies , both that there may bee a defrauding without it , and with consent a defrauding , but not vnlawfull : but see what hee addes ( For a time , ) consent cannot make this defrauding lawfull , except it be temporary : No defrauding without consent , no consent for a perpetuity . How long then , and wherefore ? Not for euery cause , not for any length of time , but onely for a while , and for deuotion ( vt vacetis , &c. ) Not that you might pray onely ( as Chryso stome notes iustly ) but that you might ( giue your selues to praier . ) In our marriage Societie ( saith he ) against that paradoxe of Hierome , we may pray , and woe to vs it we doe not ; but we cannot ( vacare orationi . ) But we are bidden to pray continually : yet not I hope , euer to fast and pray . Marke how the Apostle addes ( that you may giue you selues to fasting and praier ; ) It is solemne exercise , which the Apostle here intends , such , as is ioined with fasting , and externall humiliation ; wherin al earthly comforts must be forborne . But what if a man list to taske himselfe continually , and wil be alwaies painfully deuote : may hee then neuer abstaine ? No : ( Let them meete together againe ) saith the Apostle , not as a toleratiō , but as a charge ? But what if they both can liue safely thus seuered ? This is more then they can vndertake : there is danger , saith our Apostle , in this abstinence ( lest Satan tempt you for your incontinencie ) what can be more plaine . Neither may the maried refraine this conuersation without cōsent : neither may they with consent , refraine it for euer . What can you now vrge vs with , but the examples , and sentences of some Ancients ? Let this stand euicted for the true and necessary sense of the Apostle , and what is this , but to lay men in the ballance with God ? I see and confesse how much some of the Fathers admited virginitie ; so farre , that there wated not some , which both detested mariage as vicious , and would force a single life vpon marriage , as commendable : whose authoritie should moue me , if I saw not some of them opposite to others , and others no lesse to Saint Paule himselfe . How oft doth Saint Austin redouble that rule , and importunately vrge it to his Ecdicia , in that serious Epistle , that without consent the continence of the maried , cannot bee warrantable : teaching her ( from these words of Saint Paule which he charges her , in the contrary practise , not to haue read , heard , or marked ) that if her husband should containe , and shee would not , he were bound to pay her the debt of marriage beneuolence ; & that God would impute it to him for continence not withstanding . Hence is that of Chrysostome , that the wife is both the seruant and the Mistresse of her husband , a seruant to yeeld her body , a Mistresse to haue power of his : who also in the same place determines it forbidden fraude , for the husband , or wife to containe alone : according to that of the Paraphrast Let either both containe , or neither . Hierome contrarily , defines thus : But if one of the two ( saith he ) considering the rewarde of chastity , will containe , he ought not to assent to the other which containes not , &c. because lust ought rather to come to continencie , then continencie decline to lust , concluding that a brother , or sister is not subiect in such a case ; and that God hath not called vs to vncleannesse , but to holines . A strange glosse to fall from the pen of a Father : which yet I durst not say , if it were more boldnes for me to dissent from him , then for him to dissent from all others . He that censures Saint Paule to argue grosly to his Galatians , may as well taxe him of an vnfit direction to his Corinthians : It shall be no presumption to say , that in this point all his writings bewray more zeale , then truth : whether the conscience of his former slip caused him to abhorre that sexe ; or his admiration of virginitie transported him to a contempt of marriage . Antiquitie will afford you many examples of holy men voluntarily sequestred from their wiues : Precepts must bee our guides , and not patternes . You may tell me of Sozomens Ammon , that famous Monke , who hauing perswaded his bride the first day to continuance of virginitie , liued with her 18. yeares in a seuerall bed : and in a seuerall habitation , vpon the mountaine Nitria , 22. yeares , you may tell me of Ieromes Malchus , Austens Ecdicia , and ten thousand others : I care not for their number , and suspect their example : Doe but reconcile their practise with Saint Paules rule ; I shall both magnifie and imitate them . I professe , before God and men : nothing should hinder me but this law of the Apostle : whereto consider , I beseech you , what can be more opposite then this opinion , then this course of life . The Apostle saies , Refraine not but with consent for a time : your words , and their practise saith , Refraine with consent foreuer : hee saith ( meete together againe ) you say , neuer more : hee saith ( meete lest you bee tempted ) you say , meete not though you bee tempted . I willingly grant with Athanasius , that for some set time , especially ( as Anselme interprets it ) for some holy time , we may , and ( in this latter case ) we must forbeare all matrimonical acts , & thoughts : not for that they are sinfull , but vnseasonable . As marriage must be alwaies vsed chastly , and moderately : so sometimes it must be forgotten . How many are drunke with their owne vines , and surfet of their owne fruits ? either immodestie , or immoderation in man or wise , is a dulterous . If yet I shall further yeeld , that they may conditionally agree , to refrain frō each other , so long till they bee perplexed with temptations , on either part : I shall goe as farre as the reach of my warrant , at least perhaps beyond it : since the Apostle chargeth , Meete againe lest you bee tempted ; not , meete when you are tempted ? But to say , absolutely , and for euer renounce ( by consent ) the conuersation of each , other , what temptation soeuer assault you , is directly , not beyond , but against Paules diuinitie , no lesse then my assertion is against yours . The ground of all these errors in this head of Matrimony , is an vnworthie conceit of some vnchristian filthinesse in the marriage bed . Euery man will not vtter , but too many holde that conclusion of Hierome : It is good for a man not to touch a women , therefore to touch her , is euill ; whom I doubt not , but Saint Austin meant to oppose , while he writes , Bonum inquam sunt nuptiae , & contra omnes calumnias possunt sanâ ratione defendi : Marriage ( I say ) is a good thing , and may by sound proofe bee defended , against all slaunders : well may man say that is good , which God saith , is honorable ; and both good and honourable must that needs be , which was instituted by the honourable author of goodnesse , in the state of mans perfect goodnesse : Let vs take heede of casting shame vpon the ordinance of our maker . But there was no carnall knowledge in Paradise . But againe , in Paradise God said , increase and multiply : there should haue beene , if there were not . Those that were naked without shame should haue beene conioined without shame , because without sinne . Meates and drinks , and acts of marriage ( saith Austin ) ( for these hee compares both in lawfulnes , and necessitie ) are , as they are vsed , either lawful , veniall , or damnable . Meates are for the preseruation of man : marriage acts for the preseruation of mankind : neither of them are without some carnall delight : which yet , if by the bridle of temperance it bee held to the proper , and natural vse , cannot be termed lust . There is no ordinance of God , which either is of more excellent vse , or hath suffered more abuse in all times : the fault is in men , not in marriage : Let them rectifie themselues , their bed shal bee blessed . Here need no separation from each other , but rather a separation of brutishnes , & close corruption from the soule ; which whosoeuer hath learned to remoue , shall finde the crowne of matrimonicall chastitie , no lesse glorious , then that of single continence . To Master WILLIAM KNIGHT . EP. X. Incouraging him to persist in the holy calling of the ministery , which vpon conceit of his insufficiency , and want of affection , he seemed inclining to forsake , and change . I Am more glad to heare from you , then sorry to heare of your discontentment : whereof , as the cause is from your selfe , so must the remedy . Wee Schollers are the aptest of all others to make our selues miserable : you might be your owne best counsellor were you but indifferent to your selfe : It I could but cure your preiudice , your thoughts would heale you : And indeed the same , hand that wounded you , were fittest for this seruice . I need not tell you , that your calling is honourable ; If you did not thinke so , you had not complained . It is your vnworthinesse , that troubles you : Let mee boldly tell you , I know you in this case better then your selfe ; you are neuer the more vnsufficient , because you thinke so : If wee will bee rigorous , Paules question ( 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ) will appose vs all : but according to the gracious indulgence of him that calls things which are not as if they were , wee are that wee are , yea , that we ought ; and must be thankefull for our any thing . There are none more fearefull then the able , none more bold then the vnworthy : How many haue you seene and heard , of weaker graces ( your owne heart shall bee the iudge ) which haue sate without palenesse , or trembling , in that holy chaire , and spoken as if the wordes had beene their owne : satisfying themselues , if not the hearers ? And doe you ( whose gifts many haue enuied ) stand quaking vpon the lowest staire ? Hath God giuen you that vnusuall varietie of tongues , skill of Artes , a stile worth emulation , and ( which is worth all ) a faithfull and honest heart ; and doe you now shrinke backe , and say , send by him by whom thou shouldst send ? Giue God but what you haue ; he expects no more : This is enough to honour him , and crowne you . Take heede while you complaine of want , least pride shroude it selfe vnder the skirts of modestie ; How many are thankfull for lesse ? You haue more then the most ; yet this contents you not ; it is nothing vnlesse you may equall the best , if not exceede ; yea I feare how this might satisfie you , vnlesse you may thinke your selfe such as you would bee : What is this but to grudge at the bestower of graces ? I tell you without flatterie , God hath great gaines by fewer talents : set your heart to imploie these , and your aduantage shall bee more then your masters . Neither do now repent you of the vnaduisednesse of your entrance ; God called you to it vpon an eternall deliberation , and meant to make vse of your suddennes , as a meanes to fetch you into his worke , whom more leasure would haue found refractarie : Full little did the one Saul thinke of a kingdom , when he went to seeke his Fathers straies in the land of Shalishah ; or the other Saul of an Apostleship , when hee went with his commission to Damascus : God thought of both ; & effected what they meant not ; Thus hath hee done to you ; Acknowledge this hand , and follow it . Hee found and gaue both facultie & opportunitie to enter ; finde you but a will to proceede , I dare promise you aboundance of comfort . How many of the Ancients , after a forceable Ordination , became not profitable onely , but famous in the Church ? But , as if you sought shifts to discourage your selfe , when you see you cannot maintaine this hold of insufficiencie , you flie to alienation of affection ; In the truth wherof , none can contoll you but your owne heart ; in the iustice of it , we both may , and must . This plea is not for Christians ; we must affect what we ought , in spight of our selues ; wherefore serues religion if not to make vs Lords of our owne affections ? If wee must bee ruled by our slaues , what good should we do ? Can you more dislike your station , then wee all naturally distast goodnesse ? Shall we neglect the pursuit of vertue , because it pleases not , or rather displease , and neglect our selues , till it may please vs ? Let mee not aske whether your affections be estranged , but wherefore ? Diuinitie is a mistresse worthie your seruice : All other Artes are but drudges to her , alone : Fooles may contemne her who cannot iudge of true intellectual beautie ; but if they had our eies ; they could not but bee rauished with admiration . You haue learned ( I hope ) to contemn their contempt , and so pitty their iniurious ignorance . She hath chosen you as a worthy client , yea a Fauorite , and hath honored you with her commaunds , and her acceptations ; who but you would pleade strangenesse of affection ? How many thousand sue to her ; and cannot be look't vpon ? you are happy in her fauours , and yet complaine : Yea so far , as that you haue not stucke to thinke of a change : No word could haue falne from you more vnwelcome . This is Satans policie to make vs out of loue with our callings , that our labours may be vnprofitable , and our standings tedious . Hee knows that all changes are fruitlesse , and that whiles we affect to be other , we must needs be weary of what we are : That there is no successe in any indeauor without pleasure ; that there can bee no pleasure where the mind longs after alterations . If you espie not this craft of the common enemy , you are not acquainted with your selfe : Vnder what forme soeuer it come , repell it : and abhorre the first motion of it , as you loue your peace , as you hope for your reward . It is the misery of the most men , that they cannot see when they are happie ; and whiles they see but the out-side of others conditions , preferre that which their experience teaches them afterwardes to condemne , not without losse and teares . Farre be this vnstablenesse from you , which haue been so long taught of God. All vocations haue their inconueniences , which if they cannot be auoided , must be digested . The more difficulties , the greater glory : Stand fast therefore , and resolue that this calling is the best , both in it selfe , and for you : and know that it cannot stand with your Christian courage to run away from these incident euills , but to encounter them . Your hand is at the plough ; if you meete with some tough clods , that will not easily yeeld to the share , lay on more strength rather ; seeke not remedie in your feet by flight , but in your hands , by a constant indeauor . Away with this weake timorousnesse , and wrongful humilitie : Be chearfull and couragious in this great worke of God ; the end shall be glorious your selfe happy , and many in you . THE SIXT DECADE Of EPISTLES . LONDON , 1610. The Sixt Decade . EPIST. I. To my LORD DENNY . ¶ A particular account how our dayes are , or should be spent , both common and holy . EVery day is a little life , and our whole life is but a day repeated : whence it is , that old Iacob numbers his life by dayes , and Moses desires to be taught this point of holy Arithmeticke , to number not his yeares , but his dayes : Those therefore that dare loose a day , are daungerously prodigall ; those that dare mis-spend it , desperate . We can best teach others by our selues : Let mee tell your Lordship , how I would passe my dayes , whether common or Sacred ; that you ( or whosoeuer others , ouer-hearing me ) may eyther approoue my thriftinesse , or correct my errors : To whom is the account of my houres either more due , or more knowne ? All dayes are his , who gaue time a beginning , and continuance ; yet some he hath made ours , not to command , but to vse . In none may we forget him , in some we must forget all , besides him . First therefore , I desire to awake at those houres , not when I will , but when I must : pleasure is not a fit rule for rest , but health : neyther doe I consult so much with the Sunne , as mine owne necessity , whither of body , or , in that , of the minde . If this vassall could welserue mee waking , it should neuer sleepe : but now , it must bee pleased , that it may bee seruiceable . Now , when sleepe is rather driuen away , then leaues mee ; I would euer awake with God ; my first thoughts are for him , who hath made the night for rest , and the day for trauell : and as he giues , so blesses both . If my heart be earely seasoned with his presence , it will sauour of him all day after . While my body is dressing , not with an effeminate curiosity , nor yet with rude neglect ; my minde addresses itselfe to her insuing Task ; bethinking what is to be done , and in what order ; and marshalling ( as it may ) my houres with my work : That done after some whiles Meditation , I walke vp to my Maisters & companions , my bookes ; and sitting down amongst them , with the best contentment , I dare not reach forth my hand to salute any of them , till I haue first looked vp to Heauen , and craued fauour of him to whom all my Studies are duly referred : without whome , I can neither profit , nor labour . After this , out of no ouer-great variety , J call forth those , which may best fit my occasions ; wherein , I am not too scrupulous of age : Somtimes I put my selfe to Schoole , to one of those Auncients , whom the Church hath honoured with the name of Fathers ; whose Volumes , I confesse , not to open , without a secret reuerence of their holinesse , and grauitie : Sometimes , to those later Doctours , which want nothing but age to make them classicall : Alwayes to GODS Booke . That day is lost , wherof some houres are not improued in those Diuine Monuments : Others I turn ouer out of choyse , these out of duty . Ere I can haue sat vnto wearinesse , my family , hauing now ouercome all household-distractions , inuites mee to our common deuotions ; not without some short preparation . These hartily performed , send mee vp , with a more strong and chearefull appetite to my former worke , which I find made easie to me by intermission , and variety : Now therefore , can I deceiue the houres with change of pleasures , that is , of labours . One while mine eyes are busied , another while my hand , & sometimes my minde takes the burden from them both : Wherein , I would imitate the skilfullest Cookes , which make the best dishes with manifold mixtures : one houre is spent in Textuall Diuinity , another in Controuersy ; histories relieue them both . Now , when the minde is weary of others labors , it begins to vndertake hir owne ; sometimes it meditates , and windes vp for future vse ; sometimes it layes foorth her conceits into present discourse ; sometimes for it selfe , ofter , for others . Neither know I whether it workes or playes in these thoughts : I am sure no sport hath more pleasure , no work more vse : Only the decay of a weake body , makes me thinke these delights insensibly laborious . Thus could I all day , ( as Ringers vse ) make my selfe Musicke with chaunges , and complain sooner of the day for shortnesse , then of the businesse for toyle ; were it not that this faint moniter interrupts me stil in the midst of my busie pleasures , and inforces me both to respite & repast I must yeeld to both ; my body and mind are ioyned together in these vnequal couples , the better must follow the weaker . Before my meales therefore , and after , I let my selfe loose from all thoughts , and now , would forget that I euer studyed : A full minde takes away the bodies appetite , no lesse then a full body makes a dull and vnweildy minde : Company , discourse , recreations , are now seasonable and welcome ; These prepare me for a diet , not gluttonous , but medicinall ; The Palate may not be pleased , but the stomack ; nor that for it owne sake : Neither woulde I thinke any of these comforts woorth respect in themselues , but in their vse , in their end ; so farre , as they may inable me to better things , If I see any dish to tempt my Palate , J feare a Serpent in that Apple , and would please my selfe in a wilfull denyall : I rise capable of more , not desirous not now immediately from my Trencher , to my Booke ; but after some intermission . Moderate speede is a sure helpe to all proceedings , where those things which are prosecuted with violence of indeuour , or desire , either succeed not , or continue not . After my latter meale , my thoughts are slight , onely my memorie may be charged with her Taske , of recalling what was committed to her custodie in the day , and my heart is busie in examining mine hands and mouth , & all other sences of that dayes behauiour . And now the Euening is come , no Trades-man doth more carefully take in his Wares , cleare his Shoppeboord , and shut his Windowes , then J would shut vp my thoughts , & clear my minde . That Student shall liue miserably , which like a Camell lies down vnder his burden . All this done , calling together my familie , we end the day with God. Thus do wee rather driue away the time before vs , then follow it . I graunt , neither is my practise worthy to be exemplarie , neither are our callings proportionable . The lyues of a Nobleman , of a Courtier , of a Scholler , of a Cittizen , of a Countreyman , differ no lesse then their dispositions : yet must all conspire in honest labour . Sweat is the destiny of all trades , whether of the browes , or of the minde . God neuer allowed anie man to do nothing . How miserable is the condition of those men , which spend the time as if it were giuen thē , and not lent : as if houres were waste Creatures , and such as should neuer be accounted for ; as if GOD would take this for a good Bil of reckoning ; Item , spent vpon my pleasures , fortie yeares . These men shal once finde , that no bloud can priuiledge idlenes ; and that nothing is more precious to God , then , that which they desire to cast away , Tyme . Such are my common daies : but Gods day cals for another respect . The same Sunne arises on this day , and enlightens it ; yet because that Sun of righteousnesse arose once vpon it , & gaue a new life vnto the world in it , & drew the strength of Gods moral precept vnto it , therfore iustly do we sing with the psalmist ; This is the day which the Lorde hath made . Now , I forget the world , and in a sort , my selfe ; and deale with my wonted thoughts , as great men vse , who , at sometimes of their priuacie , forbid the accesse of all suters . Prayer , Meditation , reading , hearing , preaching , singing , good conference , are the businesses of this day ; which I dare not bestow on anie worke , or pleasure , but heauenly . J hate superstition on the one side , and loosenesse on the other ; but I finde it harde to offend in too much deuotion , easie in profanenesse . The whole Week is sanctified by this day , and according to my care of this , is my blessing on the rest . I show your Lordship , what I would do , and what I ought : I commit my desires to the imitation of the weake , my actions to the censures of the Wise and Holye ; my weakenesses to the pardon and redresse of my mercifull God. EPIST. II. To Mr. T. S. Dedicated to Sir Fulke Greuill . ¶ Discoursing how wee may vse the Worlde without daunger . HOwe to liue out of the daunger of the Worlde is both a great & good care , and that which troubles too fewe . Some , that the World may not hurt them , run frō it ; & banish themselues to the toppes of solitary Mountaines : changing the Cities , for Deserts , houses , for Gaues , and the societie of men for beasts ; and least their enimy might insinuate himselfe into their secrecy , haue abridged themselues of dyet , cloathing , lodging , harbour , fit for reasonable creatures ; seeming to haue left off themselues , no lesse then companions . As if the Worlde were not euery where ; as if wee could hide our selues from the Diuel ; as if solitarinesse were priuiledged from Temptations ; as if wee did not more violently affect restrained delights ; as if these Hieromes did not finde Rome in their hart , when they had nothing but rockes & trees in their eye . Hence these places of retyrednesse , founded at first vppon necessity mixt with deuotion , haue proued infamously vnclean ; Cels of lust , not of piety . This course is preposterous ; If I were worthy to teach you a better way , learne to bee an Hermit at home : Begin with your owne heart , estraunge and weane it from the loue , not from the vse of the world : Christianity hath taught vs nothing , if wee haue not learned this distinction ; It is a great weakenesse not to see , but wee must be inamored : Elisha , saw the secret state of the Syrian court , yet as an enemy : The blessed Angelles see our earthly affayres , but as strangers : Moses his body was in the Court of Pharaoh , amongest the delicate Egiptians , his heart was suffering with the afflicted Israelites . Lot tooke part of the fayre Medowes of Sodom , not of theyr sinnes . Our blessed Sauiour sawe the glory of al Kingdomes , & contemned them : and cannot the world look vpon vs Christians , but wee are be witched ? We see the Sun daily , & warme vs at his beames , yet make not an Idol of it ; doth any man hide his face , least he should adore it ? All our safetie or danger therefore , is from within . In vaine is the body an Anachoret , if the heart be a Ruffian : And if that bee retyred in affections , the body is but a Cipher : Lo then the eyes will looke carelessely and strangely in what they see , and the tongue will sometimes answere to that was not asked . We eate and recreate , because wee must , not because we would : and when wee are pleased , wee are suspicious : Lawfull delights , we neyther refuse , nor dote vpon , and all contentments goe and come like strangers . That all this may be done , take vp your hart with better thoughts ; be sure it will not be empty , if Heauen haue fore-stalled all the roomes , the Worlde is disappointed , and eyther dares not offer , or is repulsed . Fixe your selfe vpon the glory of that eternity , which abides you after this short pilgrimage . You cannot but contemne what you find in comparison of what you expect . Leaue not til you attaine to this , that you are willing to liue , because ye cannot as yet be dissolued : Be but one halfe vppon earth , let your better part conuerse aboue whence it is , and enioy that whereto it was ordained . Thinke how little the World can doe for you and what it doth , how deceitfully : vvhat stings there are with this Hony , vvhat farewell succeeds this Welcome . When this Iael brings you Milk in the one hand , know shee hath a nayle in the other . Aske your heart what it is the better , what the merrier , for all those pleasures where with it hath befriended you : let your own trial teach you contempt ; Thinke how sincere , how glorious those ioyes are , which abide you elsevvhere , and a thousand times more certaine ( though future ) then the present . And let not these thoughts be flying , but fixed : Jn vaine do we meditate , if were solue not : when your hart is once thus setled , it shall commaund all things to aduantage . The World shall not betray , but serue it ; and that shall be fulfilled which God promises by his Salomon ; VVhen the wayes of a man please the Lord , he wil make his enimies also at peace with him . Sir , this aduice my pouerty affoorded long since to a weake friend ; I Write it not to you , any otherwise , then as Schollers are woont to say their part to their Maisters . The world hath long and iustly both noted and honoured you for eminence in wisedome and learning , and I aboue the most ; I am ready with the awe of a Learner , to embrace all precepts from you : you shall expect nothing from me , but Testimonies of respect and thankefulnesse . EPIST. III. To S George Fleetwood . ¶ Of the remedies of sinne , and motiues to auoyde it . THere is none , either more common , or more troblesom guest , then Sin. Troublesome , both in the solicitation of it , and in the remorse . Before the act , it wearies vs with a wicked importunity ; after the act it torments vs with feares , and the painful gnawings of an accusing Conscience : Neyther is it more irkesome to men , then odious to God ; who indeed neuer hated any thing but it ; and for it any thing . How happy were we , if we could be rid of it ? This must be our desire , but cannot be our hope ; so long as wee carry this bodie of sinne and death about vs : yet ( which is our comfort ) it shall not carry vs , though wee carry it : It will dwell with vs , but with no commaund ; yea , with no peace : Wee grudge to giue it house-roome , but wee hate to giue it seruice . This our Hagar wil abide many strokes , ere she be turned out of doores ; she shall go at last , and the seede of promise shall inherit alone . There is no vnquyetnesse good , but this : and in this case , quietnesse cannot stand with safetie : neither did euer warre more truly beget peace , then in this strife of the soule . Resistance is the way to victory , and that , to an eternall peace and happynesse . It is a blessed care then , how to resist : sinne , how to auoyd it : and such as I am glad to teach and learne . As there are two grounds of all sin , so of the auoydance of Sinne ; Loue , and Feare : These if they be placed amisse , cause vs to offend : if aright , are the remedies of euill : The Loue must be of God ; Feare , of Iudgement . As he loues much , to whom much is forgiuen , so hee that loues much , will not dare to dooe that which may neede forgiuenesse . The heart that hath felt the sweetnesse of Gods mercies , will not abide the bitter rellish of sinne : This is both a stronger motiue then Fear , and more Noble ; None but a good heart is capable of this grace : which who so hath receyued , thus powerfully repelles tentations . Haue I found my God so gracious to me that hee hath denyed mee nothing , eyther in earth or heauen : and shal not J so much as deny my owne will for his sake ? Hath my deare Sauiour bought my soul at such a price , and shall he not haue it ? Was hee crucified for my sinnes , and shall I by my sinnes crucifie him againe ? Am J his in so many bonds , and shall J serue the Diuel ? O God! is this the fruit of thy beneficence to me , that J should wilfully dishonor thee ? Was thy blood so little worth , that I should treade it vnder my feete ? Dooth this become him that shall be once glorious vvith thee ? Hast thou prepared heauen for me , and do I thus prepare my selfe for heauen ? Shall I thus recompence thy loue , in dooing that which thou hatest ? Satan hath no Dart ( I speak confidently ) that can pierce this Shielde : Christians are indeed to oft surprized , ere they can holde it out : there is no small pollicy in the suddainenesse of temptation : but if they haue once setled it before their brest , they are safe , and their enemy hopelesse . Vnder this head therefore , there is sure remedie against sinne , by looking vpwardes , backwards , into our selues , forwards . Vpwards , at the glorious Maiesty , and infinite goodnesse of that God whom our sinne would offend , and in whose face we sin : whose mercies , & whose holynesse is such , that if there were no hel , we would not offend . Backwards , at the manifold fauours , whereby we are obliged to obedience . Into our selues , at that honourable vocation , wherewith he hath graced vs , that holy profession we haue made of his calling , and grace , that solemne vowe & Couenant , whereby we haue confirmed our profession ; the gracious beginnings of that spirit in vs , which is grieued by our sinnes , yea quenched . Forwards , at the ioy which will follow vpon our forbearance , that peace of conscience , that happy expectation of glory , compared with the momentary and vnpleasing delight of a present sinne ; All these , out of Loue ; Fear is a retentiue , as necessary , not so ingenuous . Jt is better to be wonne , then to be frighted from sinne : to be allured , then drawne . Both are little inough in our pronesse to euil : Euil , is the onely obiect of feare . Heerein therefore , wee must terrifie our stubburnnesse , with both euils ; Of losse , and of sence : that if it be possible , the honor of the euent may counteruaile the pleasure of the tentation : Of losse , remembering that now we are about to loose a God ; to cast away all the comforts & hopes of ano her world ; to rob our selues of all those sweete mercies we inioyed ; to thrust his spirit out of doores ( which cannot abide to dwell within the noysom stench of sinne ) to shut the doores of heauen against our selues . Of sence ; That thus we giue satan a right in vs , power ouer vs , aduantage against vs. That wee make God to frowne vpon vs in heauen ; That we arme all his good creatures against vs on earth ; That we do as it were take Gods hand in ours , & scourge our selues with all Temporall plagues ; and force his curses vpon vs , and ours : That we wound our owne consciences with sins , that they may wound vs with euerlasting torments ; That we do both make an hell in our breasts before hande , and open the gates of that bottomlesse pit , to rereceiue vs afterwards : That wee doe now cast Brimstone into the Fire ; and least we should faile of tortures , make our selues our owne fiends : These , & vvhat euer other terrors of this kinde , must be layde to the soule : vvhich , if they be throughly vrged to an heart , not altogether incredulous , Wel may a man aske himselfe , how he dare sin ? But if neyther this Sunne of mercies , nor the tempestuous Winds of iudgement can make him cast off Peters cloake of vvickednesse ; hee must bee clad vvith confusion , as vvith a cloak , according to the Psalmist . I tremble to thinke hovv many liue , as if they vvere neyther beholden to God , nor affrayde of him ; neyther in his debt , nor daunger : As if their heauen and hell vvere both vpon earth ; Sinning not onely vvithout shame , but not vvithout mallice ; It is theyr least ill to do euill ; Behold they speake for it , ioy in it , boast of it , inforce to it ; as if they vvould send challenges into heauen , & make loue to destruction : Their leudnesse cals for our sorrowe , and zealous obedience ; that our God may haue as true Seruants , as enimies : And as vvee see naturall qualities , increased vvith the resistaunce of theyr contraries : so must our grace vvith others sinnes : We shal redeeme somvvhat of Gods dishonour by sinne , if vve shal thence grovv holye . EPIST. IIII. To Mr. Doctor Milburne . ¶ Discoursing , how farre , and wherein Popery destroyeth the foundation . THe meane in all thinges is not more safe then hard : whether to finde or keep : & as in al other morality , it lyeth in a narrow roome ; so most in the matter of our censures , especially concerning Religion : wherein we are wont to be eyther carelesse , or too peremptory : How farre , and wherein Popery raceth the foundation , is worth our inquiry : I neede not stay vpon wordes . By foundation , we mean the necessary groundes of Christian faith . This foundation Papistry defaces , by laying a new ; by casting downe the old . In these cases , addition destroyes : he that obtrudes a new worde , no lesse ouerthrowes the Scripture , then hee that den̄yes the olde , yea this , very obtrusion denies : he that sets vp a newe Christ , reiects Christ : Two foundations cannot stand at once : The Arke and Dagon : Now Papistry layes a double how foundation : The one , a new rule of faith , that is , a new word : The other , a new Author , or guide of Faith , that is , a newe head besides Christ God neuer layde other foundation , then in the Prophets and Apostles : vpon their Diuine writing , he meant to build his Church ; which hee therefore inspired , that they might be like ( himselfe ) perfect and eternall : Popery buildes vppon an vn-written word , the voyce of old ( but doubtful ) Traditions . The voyce of the present Church , that is , as they interpret it , theyrs ; with no lesse confidence and presumption of certainety , then any thing euer Written by the finger of God ; If this be not a new foundation , the old was none . God neuer taught this holy Spouse to knowe any other husband , thē Christ ; to acknowledge any other head ; to followe any other Shepheard , to obey any other King : he alone may be inioyed without iealousie , submitted to without danger , without errour beleeued , serued without scruple : Popery offers to impose on Gods Church a King , shepheard , head , husband , besides her owne : A man ; a man of sin . He must know all things , can erre in nothing : direct , inform , animate , cōmand , both in earth and Purgatory , expounde Scriptures , cannonize Saints , forgiue Sins : create new Articles of Faith ; and in all these , is absolute and infallible as his Maker ; who sees not , that if to attribute , these things to the son of God , bee to make him the foundation of the Church ; Then to ascribe them to another , is to contradict him that sayde , Other foundation can no man lay , then that which is layde , which is Iesus Christ. To lay a new foundation , doth necessarily subuert the old : yet see this further actually done in particulars : wherein yet this distinction may cleare the way : The foundation is ouerthrowne two wayes ; either in flat tearmes , when a mayne principle of faith is absolutely denyed : as the deity and consubstantiality of the sonne by Arrius , the Trinity of persons by Sabellius and Seruetus , the resurrection of the bodye by Himeneus and Philetus , the last Iudgement by Saint Peters Mockers ; Or secondly , by consequent ; when anie opinion is maintained , which by iust sequell ouer turneth the trueth of that principle , which the defendant professes to holde ; yet so , as hee will not graunt the necessity of that deduction ▪ so the Ancient M●n●i , of whom Ierom speaketh , while they vrged Circumcision , by consequent according to Paules rule , reiected Christ : so the Pelagians , while they defended a full perfection of our righteoushes in our selues , ouerthrew Christes iustification : and in effect sayde , I beleeue in Christ , and in myselfe : so some Vbiauitaries , while they hold the possibility of the conuersion , and saluation of reprobates , ouerthrow the Doctrine of Gods eternall decree , and immutability . Popery comes in this latter rank ; and may iustly be tearmed heresie , by direct consequent : Though not in their graunt , yet in necessarie proofe and inference . Thus it ouerthrowes the truth of Christs humanity , while it holds his whole humaine body locally circumscribed in heauen , & at once ( the same instant ) wholy present in ten thousand places on earth , without circumscription : That whole Christ is in the formes of bread , with all his dimensions , euery part hauing his own place and figure : and yet so , as that he is wholly in euery part of the breade . Our iustification , while it ascribes it to our owne workes : The Al-sufficiency of Christs owne Sacrifice , whiles they reiterate it daily by the handes of a Priest . Of his satisfaction , while they holde a payment of our vtmost farthings , in a deuised Purgatory . Of his mediation , while they implore others to ayde them , not only by their intercession , but their merites ; suing not onely for their Prayes , but their gifts : The value of the Scriptures , whiles they hold them insufficient , obscure , in points essentiall to saluation , & bind them to an vncertaine dependance vpon the Church . Besides hundreds of this kind , there are heresies in actions , contrary to those fundamentall practises which God requires of his : As prohibitions of Scriptures to the Laity : Prescriptions of deuotion in vnknowne tongues : Tying , the effect of Sacraments and Prayers to the externall worke : Adoration of Angels , Saints , Bread , Reliques , Crosses , Jmages : All which , are as so many reall vnderminings of the sacred foundation , which is no lesse actiue , then vocall . By this , the simplest may see , what we must holde of Papists ; neyther as no Heretiques , nor yet so palpable as the worst : If any man aske for theyr conuiction . In the simpler sort , I grant this excuse fayre and tollerable : Poore soules , they cannot bee any otherwise informed , much lesse perswaded : Whiles in trueth of heart , they hold the maine principles which they know , doubtlesse , the mercie of God may passe ouer their ignorant weakenesse , in what they cannot know . For the other , I feare not to say , that many of their errours are wilfull . The light of truth hath shined out of heauen to them , and they loue darkenesse more then light . Jn this state of the Church : hee shall speake and hope idly , that shall call for a publique and vniuersall euiction : How can that be , when they pretend to bee Iudges in their owne cause ? Vnlesse they wil not be aduersaries to themselues , or iudge of vs , this course is but impossible : As the Diuell , so Antichrist , will not yeelde : both shall bee subdued ; neyther will treat of peace : what remains , but that the Lorde shall consume that wicked man ( which is now clearely reuealed ) with the breath of his mouth , & abolish him with the brightnes of his cōming . Euen so , Lord Iesus come quickly . This briefly is my conceit of Popery , which I willingly refer to your clear & deepe iudgement , being not more desirous to teach the ignoraunt ▪ what I knowe , then to learne of you what I should teach , & know not . The Lord direct all our thoughts to his glory , & the behoofe of his Church . EPIST. V. Written long since to Mr. I. VV. ¶ Disswading from seperation : & shortly oppugning the grounds of that errour . IN my former Epistle ( I confesse ) J touched the late seperation vvith a light hand : onely setting downe the iniurie of it ( at the best ) not discussing the groundes in common ; now your daunger drawes me on to this discourse : it is not much lesse thanke-woorthy , to preuent a disease , then to cure it : you confesse that you doubt ; I mislike it not , doubting is not more the way to errour , then to satisfaction ; lay downe first , all pride and preiudice , and I cannot fear you : I neuer yet knew any man of this way , which hath not bewraide himselfe far gone with ouer-weening : and therefore it hath beene iust with God , to punish their selfe loue with error : an humble spirit is a fit subiect for trueth : prepare you your heart , and let mee then answere , or rather God for mee ; you doubt whether the notorious sin of one vnreformed , vncensured , defile not the whole Congregation ; so as we may not without sinne communicate therewith : & why not the whole Church ? wo were vs , if we should thus liue in the daunger of all men : haue we not sins enow of our own , but we must borrow of others ? Each man shal beare his own burden : is ours so light , that we cal for more waight , & vndertake what God neuer imposed ? It was enough for him that is God & man to bear others iniquities ; it is no taske for vs , which shrink vnder the least of our owne : But it is made ours , you say ( thogh anothers ) by our toleration & conniuence : indeede , if we consent to them ; encourage them , imitate or accompany them in the same excesse of ryot ; yet more , the publicke person , that forbeares a knowne sin , sinneth ; but if each mans known sinne be euery mans , what difference is betwixt the roote and the braunches ? Adams sinne spread it selfe to vs , because wee were in him , stood or fell in him ; our case is not such . Do but see how God scorneth that vniust Prouerbe of the Iewes , That the fathers haue eaten sower Grapes , and the childrens teeth are set on edge ? How much lesse are straungers ? Js any bond so neere as this of blood ? Shall not the childe smart for the Parent ; and shall wee ( euen spiritually ) for others ? You obiect Achans stealth , & Israels punishment : an vnlike case , & extraordinary : for see how direct Gods charge is . Be ye ware of the execrable thing least ye make your selues execrable , and in taking of the execrable thing , make also the hoast of Israell execrable and trouble it . Now euery man is made a party , by a peculiar iniunction , and not onely all Israell is as one man : but euery Israelite is a publicke person in this act ; you cannot shewe the like in euery one , no , not in any : it was a lawe for the present , not intended for perpetuity : you may as well challenge the Trumpets of Rammes-hornes , and seauen dayes walke vnto euery siedge . Looke else , where the Church of Thyatira suffers the Woman Iezabel to teach and deceyue . A great sinne , Yet to you ( saith the spirit ) the rest of Thyatira , as many as haue not this learning : I will put vpon you none other burden , but that which you haue , holde fast ; Hee saith not , Leaue your Church , but Hold fast your owne . Look into the practise of the Prophets , ransacke their burdens , and see if you find this there ; yea , beholde our best patterne , the sonne of God. The Iewish Rulers in Christ time were notoriously couetous , proud , oppressing , cruel , superstitious , our Sauiour feared not polluting , in ioyning with them ; and was so far frō seperating himselfe , that he called & sent others to them . But , a little Leauen Leauens the whole lumpe : it is true , by the infection of it ; sinne , where it is vnpunnished , spreadeth ; it so wreth al those whose hands are in it , not others . If we dislike it , detest , resist , reproue , and mourn for it ; we cannot be tainted : the Corinthian loue-feasts had grosse and sinfull disorder : yet you heare not Paul say , Abstaine from the Sacrament till-these bee reformed ; Rather he enioynes the act , and controules the abuse : GOD hath bidden you heare and receiue : shew me , where he hath sayd , except others be sinfull . Their vncleannesse can no more defile you , then your holinesse can excuse them . But while J communicate ( you say ) I consent ; God forbid . It is sinne not to cast out the deseruing ; but not yours : who made you a Ruler & a Iudge ? The vnclean must be seperated , not by the people : I Would you haue no distinction betwixt priuate and publicke persons ? What strange confusion is this ? And what other then the olde note of Corah and his company , Ye take too much vpon you , seeing all the Congregation is holy , euery one of them , and the Lord is among them : wherfore , then lift you vp your selues aboue the congregation of the Lorde ? What is ( if this bee not ) to make a monster of Christs body : hee is the heade , his Church the body , consisting of diuers limbes ? All haue their seuerall faculties and imployments ; not euery one , al ; who would immagine any man so absurd , as to say , that this body shold be al toong , or al hands ; euery man a Teacher , euery man a Ruler ? As if Christ had sayde to euery man , Goe teach , and whose sinnes ye remit : Howe Sencelesse are these two extreames ? Of the Papists , that one man hath the Keyes : Of the Brownists , that euerie man hath them . But these priuiledges and charges are giuen to the Church ▪ True ; to be executed by hir Gouernours , the faculty of speech is giuen to the whole man , but the vse of it to the proper Instrument . Man speaketh ; but by his toong ; if a voice should be heard from his hand , eare , foote , it were vnnaturall . Now if the tongue speak not when it ought , shall we be so foolish as to blame the hand ? But you say ; If the tongue speake not , or speak ill , the whole man smarteth ; the man sinneth : I graunt it , but you shall set the naturall body on too hard a racke , if you straine it in all thinges , to the likenesse of the spirituall , or ciuill . The mēbers of that being quickned by the same soule , haue charge of each other , and therefore either stand or fall together : It is not so in these . If then notwithstanding vnpunnished sinnes wee may ioyne with the true Church : Whether is ours such ? You doubt , and your solicitors deny : surely if wee haue many enormities , yet none worse then rash and cruel iudgment ; let them make this a colour to depart from themselues : there is no lesse woe to them that cal good , euil : To iudge one man is bold and daungerous : Iudge then , what it is to condemne a whole church : God knowes , as much without cause , as without shame , Vaine men may libel against the spouse of Christ : her husband neuer diuorc't her : No , his loue is still aboue their hatred , his blessinges aboue their censures : Do but ask them , were we euer the true church of God ? If they deny it , Who then were so ? Had God neuer Church vpon earth , since the Apostles time , till Barrow & Greenwood arose ? And euen then scarce a number ? nay , when or where was euer any man in the worlde ( except in the Schooles perhaps of Donatus or Nouatus ) that taught their Doctrine ; and now still hath hee none , but in a blind lane at Amsterdam ? Can you thinke this probable ? If they affirme it , when ceased we ? Are not the pointes controuerted still the same ? The same Gouernment , the same doctrine ? Their minds are changed , not our estate : Who hath admonished , euinced , eccommunicated vs ; and when ? All these must be done ; Will it not be a shame to say , that Francis Iohnson , as he tooke power to excommunicate his Brother , and Father ; so had power to excōmunicate his Mother , the Church ? How base and idle are these conceits ? Are we then heretickes condemned in ourselues , wherin ouerthroew wee the foundation ? What other God , Sauiour , Scriptures , Iustification , Sacraments , Heauen , do they teach beside vs ? Can al the Maisters of seperation , yea can al the churches in Christendome , set forth a more exquisite and woorthy confession of Faith , then is contained in the Articles of the Church of England ? Who can hold these , and be hereticall ? Or , from which of these are we reuolted ? But to make this good , they haue taught you to say , that euery trueth in Scripture is fundamentall ; so fruitfull is errour of absurdities ; Whereof stil one breedes another more deformed then it selfe . That Trophimus was left at Miletum sicke , that Pauls Cloake was left at Troas , that Gaius Paules hoast , saluted the Romaines , that Naball was drunke ; or that Thamar baked Cakes , and a thousand of this nature are fundamentall : how large is the separatists Creed , that hath all these Articles ? If they say al Scripture is of the same author , of the same authority : so say we , but not of the same vse : is it as necessary for a Christian to knowe that Peter hosted with one Simon a tanner in Ioppd , as that Iesus Christ the son of God was born of the Virgin Mary . What a mōster is this of an opiniō , that al trueths are equal ? that this spiritual house should be all foundation , no wals , no roofe ? Can no man be saued but hee that knowes euery thing in scripture ? Then both they and we , are excluded : heauē wold not haue so many , as their Parlor at Amsterdam : Can any man be saued that knowes nothing in Scripture ? It is far frō them to bee so ouercharitable to affirm it : you see thē that both al truths must not of necessity be known , & some must : & these we iustly call fundamental : which who so holdeth , al his hay & stubble ( through the mercy of God ) condemn him not : stil he hath right to the church on erth , & hope in heauē : but whither euery truth be fundamētal , or necessary : discipline ( you say ) is so : indeed necessary to the wel-being of a church , no more : it may be true without it , not perfect . Christ cōpares his spouse to an army with banners : as order is to an army , so is Discipline to the Church : if the troups be not well marshalled in their seuerall ranks , & moue not forward , acording to the discipline of warre , it is an army stil : cōfusion may hinder their succes , it cannot bereaue thē of their name : it is , as beautiful proportiō to the body , an hedge to a vineyard , a wal to a Citty , an hem to a garment , seeling to an house . It may be a body , vineyard , Citty , garment , house , without them : it cannot be wel and perfect : yet which of our aduersaries vvill say wee haue no Discipline ? Some they graunt , but not the right : as if they sayde ? Your Citty hath a Bricke-wall indeede , but it should haue one of hewen stone ; your Vineyard is hedged , but it should be paled & ditched : while they cauill at what wee want , wee thanke God for what wee haue ; and so much we haue , in spight of all detraction , as makes vs both a true Church , and a worthy one . But the mayn quarrel is against our Ministery , and forme of worship : let these be examined ; this is the Circle of their censure . No Church , therefore no Ministery : and no Ministery , therefore no Church : vnnatural sons , that spit in the face of those spirituall Fathers that be got them , and the Mother that bore them . What woulde they haue ? Haue wee not competent guifts from aboue , for so great a function ? Are we all vnlearned , vnsufficient ? Not a man that knowes to deuide the word aright ? As Paul to the Corinthes , is it so that there is not one wise man amongest vs ? No man vvill affirm it : some of them haue censured our excesse in some knowledge ; none , our defect in all : What then ? Haue we not a true desire to do faithful seruice to God and his Church ? No zeal for Gods glory ? Who hath beene in our harts to see this ? Who dare vsurp vpon God , & condemn our thoughts ? Yea , we appeale to that only Iudge of harts , whether he hath not giuen vs a sincere longing for the good of his Syon : he shall make the thoughts of al hearts manifest : and then shall euerie man haue praise of God : if then wee haue both ability and will to do publick good : our inward calling ( which is the mayne poynt ) is good and perfect : for the outward , what want wee ? Are we not first ( after good triall ) presented & approued by the learned , in our Colledges : examined by our church-gouernors , ordaind by imposition of hāds of the eldership , alowed by the congregations , we are set ouer : do we not labor in word & doctrine ? do we not carefully administer the sacraments of the Lord Iesus ? haue we not by our publick means won many soules to God ? what shuld we haue & do more ? Al this , & yet no true Ministers ? we passe very little to be iudged of thē , or of mans day : but our ordainers ( you say ) are Antichristian : surely our censurers are vnchristian : tho we shold grant it : some of vs were baptized by hereticks : is the sacrament annihilated , and must it bee redoubled ? How much lesse ordination , which is but an outward admission to preach the gospel ? God forbid that we shold thus condemne the innocent : more hands were laid vpon vs , then one : & of them , for the principall , except but their perpetual honor , & som few immateriall rites , let an enemy say what they differ , from Super-intendents ? & can their double honor make them no elders ? Jf they haue any personal falts , why is their calling scourged ? Looke into our Sauiours times : what corruptions were in the very Priesthood ? It was now made annual , which was before fixed & singular . Christ saw these abuses , & was silent : heere was much dislike , and no clamour ; we for lesse , exclaim & seperate : euen personal offences are fetcht into the condemnation of lawfull courses . God giue both pardon and redresse to this foule vncharitablenesse . Alas ! how ready are wee to tosse the fore-part of our Wallet , whiles our owne faultes are ready to breake our neckes behinde vs : all the world sees and condemnes their ordination to be faulty , yea none at all , yet they cry out first on vs , craftily ( J thinke ) least wee should complaine : that Church-gouernours should ordaine Ministers , hath beene the constant practise of the Church , from Christs time , to this houre . I except onely in an extreame desolation , meerely for the first course : that the people shoulde make their Ministers , was vnheard of in al ages & Churches till Bolton , Browne , and Barrow : and hath neyther coulour nor example : Dooth not this comparison seeme strange and harsh ? Their Tradesmen may make true Ministers , our Ministers cānot : who but they wold not be ashamed of such a position ? Or who but you woulde not thinke the tyme mispent in answering it ? No lesse friuolous are those exceptions that are taken against our worshippe of God , condemned for false and Idolatrous , whereof Volumnes of Apologies are written by others : we meet together , pray , read , heare , preach , sing , administer , and receiue Sacraments : wherein offend we ? How many Goddes do we pray to ? Or to whom but the true God ? In what words but holy ? whom do we preach but the same Christ with them ? what point of faith , not theirs ? What sacraments but those they dare not but allow ? Where lyes our Idolatry , that we may let it out ? Jn the maner of performing : in set Prayers , Antichristian Ceremonies of crossing , kneeling , &c , For the former : what sinne is this ? The Original and truth of Prayer is in the heart : the voyce is but as accidentall : if the heart may often conceiue the same thought , the tongue her seruant may often vtter it , in the same words : and if daily to repeat the same speeches be amisse , then to entertaine the same spirituall desires , is sinnefull : to speak once without the heart is Hypocriticall : but to speake often the same request vvith the heart , neuer offendeth . What intollerable boldnesse is this ; to condemne that in vs which is recorded to haue beene the continuall practise of Gods Church in all successions ? Of the Iewes , in the time of Moses , Dauid , Salomon , Iehosophat , Ezekiah , Ieremie : Of the auncient Christian assemblies , both Greek and Latine , and now at this day of all reformed churches in Christendom ; yea , which our Sauiour himselfe so directly allowed , & in a manner prescribed : & the blessed Apostles Paul & Peter in all theyr formall salutations ( which were no other then set prayers ) so commonlie practised : for the other ( least I exceed a letter ) tho wee yeild thē such as you imagine ; worse they cannot be : they are but Ceremonious appendances : the body & substāce is sound . Blessed be God that we can haue his true Sacraments at so easie a rate , as the payment ( if they were such ) of a few circumstantiall in conueniences : Howe many deer children of God in al ages , euen neere the Golden times of the Apostles , haue gladly purchased them much deerer , & not complained : but see howe our Church imposes them : not as to bind the Conscience , otherwise then by the common bonde of obedience ; not as actions ; wherein Gods worship essentially consisteth , but as themselues , Ceremonies : comely or couenient , not necessarie ; whatsoeuer : is this a sufficient ground of seperation ? Howe many moderate and wiser spirits haue we , that cannot approue the Ceremonies , yet dare not forsake the Church ? And that holde your departure far more euill , then the cause . You are inuited to a feast , if but a Napkin or Trencher bee misplaced , or a dish ill carued , do you run from the Table , and not stay to thank the hoast ? Eyther be lesse curious , or more charitable . Woulde God both you , and all other , which either fauor the seperation , or professe it , coulde but read ouer the auncient Stories of the Church , to see the true state of things and times ; the beginninges , proceedings , increases , encounters yeildings , restaurations of the Gospell , what the holy Fathers of those first times , were glad to swallow , for peace ; what they helde , practised , found , left : whosoeuer knowes but these things cannot seperate : and shal not be contented onely , but thankful : God shall giue you still more light : in the meane time , vpon the perril of my soule , stay , and take the blessed offers of your God , in peace : And since Christ sayeth to you by my hand , wil you also go away ? Answere him with that worthy Disciple , Maister whether shall I go from thee , thou hast the words of eternall life ? EPIST. VI. To Mr. I. B. ¶ A complaint of the mis-education of our Gentry . I Confesse , I cannot honor blood without good qualities , not spare it ; with ill . There is nothing that I more desire to be taught , then what is true Nobilitie : What thanke is it to you that you are borne wel ? If you could haue lost this priuiledge of Nature , I feare you had not beene thus far Noble : That you may not plead desert , you had this before you were ; long ere you could either know or preuent it ; you are deceiued if you thinke this any other then the body of Gentility , the life and soule of it , is in noble and vertuous disposition , in gallantnesse of spirit , without hautinesse , without insolence , without scornfull ouer lynesse : shortly , in generous qualities , carriage , actions . See your error , and know that this demeanor dooth not aunswere an honest byrth : If you can follow all fashions , drinke all healths , weare fauours and good cloths , consort with Ruffians , companions , swear the biggest Oaths , quarrell easily , fight desperately , game in euery inordinate Ordinary , spend your patrimony ere it fall , looke on euery man betwixt scorne and anger ; vse gracefully some gestures of apish complement ; talke irreligiously , dally with a Mistris , or ( which tearme is plainer ) hunt after Harlots , take smoake at a Play-house , and liue as if you were made all for sport , you thinke you haue doone enough , to merit , both of your blood , and others opinions . Certainly , the world hath no basenesse , if this be generosity : Wel-fare the honest and ciuill rudenesse of the obscure sonnes of the earth , if such be the graces of the eminent : The shame whereof ( methinkes ) is not so proper to the wildnesse of youth , as to the carelesnesse or vanity of Parents : I speake it boldly ; our land hath no blemmish comparable to the mis-education of our Gentry ; Infancy and youth are the seed-times of al hopes : if those passe vnseasonably , no fruit can be expected from our age , but shame and sorrow : who should improue these , but they which may commaund them : I cannot altogether complaine of our first yeares . How like are wee to children , in the training vp of our children ? Giue a childe some painted Babe ; he ioyes in it at first sight : and for some daies wil not abide it out of his hand or bosome ; but when hee hath sated himselfe with the newe pleasure of that guest , hee now ( after a while ) casts it into Corners , forgets it , and can look vpon it , with no care : Thus do we by ours . Their first times finde vs not more fond , then carefull : we doe not more follow them with our loue , then ply them with instruction : When this delight beginnes to grow stale , we begin to grow negligent . Nothing that I know can be faulted in the ordering of Child-hood , but indulgence Foolish Mothers , admit of Tutors , but debarre rods ? These , while they desire their Children may learne , but not smart , as is sayde of Apes , kill theyr young ones with loue ; for what can worke vpon that age , but feare ? And what feare without correction ? Now at last , with what measure of Learning their owne wil would vouchsafe to receiue , they are too earely sent to the Common Nurseries of Knowledge ; There ( vnlesse they fal vnder carefull tuition ) they study in iest , and play in earnest . In such vniuersal meanes of Learning , all cannot fal besides them ; what their company , what their recreation would either instil or permit , they bring home to their gladde parents . Thence are they transplanted to the Collegiate Jnnes of our common Lawes : and there too manie learne to be lawlesse , and to forget their former little . Paules is their VVestminster , their Study , an Ordinary , or Play-house , or Dauncing Schoole ; & some Lambert their Polydon . And now after they haue ( not without much expence ) learned fashions and licentiousnesse , they returne home , full of welcomes and gratulations . By this time some blossomes of youth appearing in their face , admonish their Parents to seeke them some seasonable match ; Wherein the Father inquires for Wealth , the Sonne for Beautie , perhappes the Mother for parentage , scarce any for Vertue , for Religion . Thus setled , What is their care , theyr discourse ; yea , their Trade , but eyther an Hound , or an Hawke ? And it is wel , if no woorse : And now , they so liue , as if they had forgotten that there were Bookes : Learning is for Priests , and Pedants ; For Gentlemen , pleasure . Oh! that eyther wealth , or wit should bee cast away thus basely : That euer Reason should growe so debauched , as to thinke any thinge more worthy then knowledge : with what shame and emulation may wee looke vpon other Nations ( whose Apish fashions we can take vppe in the Channelles , neglecting their immitable examples ) and with what scorn do they looke vpon vs ? They haue their solemne Academies for all those qualities , which may accomplish Gentility : from which they returne richly furnished , both for action and speculation . They account knowledge and ability of discourse as essential to great nesse , as bloud : neither are they more aboue the vulgar in byrth , then in vnderstanding : They trauel with iudgement , and return with experience : so do they followe the excercises of the body , that they neglect not the culture of the mind . From hence growes ciuility , and power , to mannage affayres either of Iustice or State ; From hence incouragement to learning , & reuerence from inferiors . For those onely can esteeme knowledge , which haue it ; and the common sort frame either their obseruance , or contempt out of the example of their leaders . Amongst them , the sons of Nobles scorne not , either Marchandise , or learned professions ; and hate nothing so much , as to do nothing : I shame & hate to thinke , that our gallants hold there can be no disparagement , but in honest callings . Thus perhaps I haue abated the enuy of this reproofe , by cōmunicating it to more ; which J had not done , but that the generality of euil importunes redresse . I wel see that either good or euil descends : In vain shall we hope for the reformation of the many , while the better are disordered . Whome to solicit heerein , J know not , but all : How gald should I be , to spend my light to the snuffe , for the effecting of this ? I can but perswade and pray ; these I will not fayle of : The rest to him that both can amend and punish . EPIST. VII . To Mr. Ionas Reigesbergius in Zeland . ¶ Written some whiles since , concerning some new opinions then broached in the Churches of Holland ; and vnder the name of Arminius ( then liuing ) perswading al great wits to a study and care of the common Peace of the Church , and disswading from al affect ation of singularity . I Receiued lately , a short relation of some newe Paradoxes from your Leiden ; you would know what we thinke : I feare not to be censured , as medling : your truth is ours : The Sea cannot deuide those Churches whom one faith vnites . I know not howe it comes to passe , that most men , while they too much affect ciuility , turne flatterers ; and plaine trueth is most where counted rudenesse . Hee that tels a sicke friend he looks il , or termes an angrie tumour the Gowt , or a waterish swelling , Dropsy ; is thought vnmannerly . For my part , I am glad that I was not borne to feed humors : How euer you take your owne euils , I must tell you , wee pittie you , and thinke you haue iust cause of deiection , and we for you : not for any priuate cares , but ( which touch a Christian neerest ) the Common-wealth of God. Behold , after all those hilles of carcasses , and streames of bloud , your ciuill sword is sheathed , wherein wee neither congratulate , nor feare your peace ; lo now , insted of that , another while , the spiritual sword is drawn and shaken , & it is wel if no more . Now the politick State sits stil , the church quarrels : Oh! the insatiable hostility of our great enemy , with what chaunge of mischiefes dooth he afflict miserable man ? No sooner did the Christian world begin to breath frō persecution but it was more punished with Arrianisine : when the red dragon cānot deuour the child , he tries to drowne the mother ; & when the waters fail , he raises war. Your famous Iunius had nothing more admirable thē his loue of peace : when our busy separatists apealed him , with what a sweet calmnes did he reiect them , & with a graue importunity cal'd thē to moderation . How it wold haue vexed his holy soule ( now out of the danger of passions , to haue forseene his chaire troblesom . God forbid that the Church should find a challenger , instead of a Champion : Who would thinke but you should haue beene taught the benefite of peace , by the long want ? but if your temporal state ( besides either hope , or beleefe ) hath growne wealthy with War , like those Fowles which fatten with harde weather : yet be too sure , that these spiritual broyles , cannot but impouerish the Church ; yea , affamish it . Jt were pitty that your Holland should be stil the Amphitheatre of the worlde , on whose Scaffoldes , all other Nations should sit , and see variety of bloudie shewes , not vvithout pitty , and horror . Jf I might challenge ought in that your acute , and Learned Arminius ; I vvould thus solicit , and coniure him : Alas ! that so Wise a man should not know the vvorth of peace ; that so noble a Sonne of the Church , shoulde not be brought to light , without ripping the wombe of his Mother ! what meane these subtle Nouelties ? If they make thee famous , and the Churche miserable ; who shall gain by them ? Is singularity so precious , that it should cost no lesse , then the safety and quiet of our common mother ? If it be truth thou affectest ; what alone ? Coulde neuer any eyes ( till thine ) bee blessed with this obiect ; where hath that Sacred verity hid her self thus long from all her carefull Inquisitors , that shee now first shewes her head to thee vnsought ? Hath the Gospel shined thus long , and bright , and left some Corners vnseene ? Away with all newe truths ; faire and plausible they may be , sound they cannot : some may admire thee for them ; none shall blesse thee . But graunt that some of these , are no lesse true , then nice poyntes ; What doe these vnseasonable Crochets and quauers trouble the harmonious plain-songs of our peace ? Some quiet error may bee better then some vnruly truth . Who binds vs to speak all we thinke ? So the Church may be still , would God thou wert wise alone ? Did not our aduersaries quarrell enough before , at our quarrels ? Were they not rich enough with our spoils ? By the dear name of our common parents , what meanest thou , Arminius ? Whether tend these new-rais'd dissentions ? Who shall thriue by them , but they which insult vpon vs , & rise by the fall of truth ? who shall be vndone , but thy Brethren ? By that most precious , and bloudy ransome of our Sauiour , and by that awefull appearance , we shall once make before the glorious Tribunall of the son of God , remember thy selfe , and the poore distracted limbes of the Church , let not those excellent parts , wherewith God hath furnished thee , lye in the narrow way , and cause any weake one , eyther to fall , or stumble , or erre . For Gods sake , either say nothing , or the same . How many great wittes haue sought no By-paths , and now are happy with their fellowes . Let it be no disparagement to goe with many to heauen . What could hee reply to so playne a charge ? No distinction can auoid the power of simple truth . I know hee hears not this of me first : Neither that learned and woorthy Fran. Gomarus , nor your other graue fraternity of reuerend Diuines , haue beene silent in so mayne a cause . I feare rather too much noyse in any of these tumults : There may too many contend ; not intreat . Multitude of sutors , is commonly powerfull ; howe much more in iust motions , But if either hee , or you , shall turne me home , and bid me spend my little moisture vppon our owne brandes , I graunt there is both the same cause , and the same neede . This Counsell is no whit further from vs , because it is directed to you : Any Reader can chaunge the person : I lament to see , that euery where peace hath not many Clients , but fewer louers ; yea , euen many of those that praise her , follow her not . Of old , the very Nouation men , Women , Children , brought stones and morter ( with the Orthodox ) to the building of the Church of the Resurrection , and ioyned louingly with them , against the Arrians : lesser quarrels diuide vs ; and euery diuision ends in blowes , and euery blow is returned ; and none of al lightes beside the Church : Euen the best Apostles dissented ; neither knoledge , nor holynesse can redresse all differences : True , but wisedome and charity could teach vs to auoyde their preiudice . If we had but these two vertues ; quarrels should not hurt vs , nor the Church by vs : But ( alas ) self-loue is too strong for both these : This alone opens the flood-gates of dissention , and drownes the sweet , but low valley of the Church . Men esteem of opinions , because their owne ; & will haue truth serue , not gouerne ; What they haue vnder-taken , must be true : Victory is sought for , not satisfaction ; Victory of the Authour , not of the cause : Hee is a rare man that knowes to yeeld , as wel to argue : what shold we do then , but bestow our selues vpon that which too many neglect , publicke peace ; first , in Prayers that we may preuaile , then in teares that we preuaile not ? Thus haue I beene bold to chat with you of our greatest and common cares . Your old loue , & late Hospitall entertainment in that your Island , called for this rememberance ; the rather to keepe your English tongue in breath , which was wont not to bee the least of your desires . Would God you could make vs hapy with newes not of Truce , but sincere amity & vnion ; not of Prouinces , but spirits . The God of Spirits effect it both heere and there , to the glory of his Name and Church . EPIST. VIII . To W. I. condemned for Murder . ¶ Effectually preparing him , and ( vnder his name ) whatsoeuer Malefactor , for his death . IT is a bad cause that robbeth vs of al the comfort of friendes ; yea , that turnes their remēbrance into sorrow . None can do so , but those that proceed from our selues ; For outward euils , which come from the infliction of others , make vs cleaue faster to our helpers , and cause vs to seeke and finde ease in the very commisseration of those that loue vs : whereas those grieses which arise from the iust displeasure of Conscience , will not abide so much , as the memory of others affection ; or if it do , makes it so much the greater corrasiue , as our case is more vncapeable of their comfort . Such is yours . You haue made the mention of our names tedious to your selfe , and yours to vs. This is the beginning of your payne , that you had frends : If you may now smart soundly from vs , for your good , it must be the onely ioy you must expect , and the finall dutie wee owe to you . It is both vaine and comfortlesse to heare what might haue beene ; neither would J send you backe to what is past , but purposely to increase your sorrow ; who haue caused al our comfort to stand in your teares . If therefore our former Counsailes had preuailed , neyther had your hands shed innocent bloude , nor Iustice yours . Now , to your great sinne , you haue done the one , and the other must be done to your paine , and we your welwillers , with sorrow and shame liue to be witnesses of both . Your sin is gone before , the reuenge of Iustice wil follow : Seeing you are guilty , let GOD be iust ; Other sinnes speake , this cryeth ; and will neuer be silent , till it bee answered with it selfe : For your life ; the case is hopeles ; feed not your selfe with vaine presumptions , but settle your selfe to expiate anothers bloude vvith your owne . Would God your desert had beene such , that we might vvith any comfort haue desired you might liue . But now , alas , your fact is so heynous , that your life can neyther bee craued without in-iustice , nor bee protracted without inwarde torment . And if our priuate affection shoulde make vs deafe to the shouts of bloud , and partiality should teach vs to forget all care of publicke right , yet resolue , there is no place for hope . Since then you could not liue guiltlesse , there remaines nothing but that you labour to dye penitent ; and since your bodye cannot bee saued aliue , to endeuour that your soule may bee saued in death . Wherein , howe happye shall it bee for you , if you shall yet giue care to this my last aduice ; too late indeede for your recompence to the Worlde , not too late for your selfe . You haue deserued death , and expect it ; Take heede least you so fasten your eyes vppon the first death of the body , that you should not look beyond it , to the second , which alone is worthy of trēbling , worthy of teares . For this , though terrible to Nature , yet is common to vs , with you . You must dye : What doe wee else ? And what differs our end from yours , but in hast and violence ? And vvho knowes whether in that ? It may bee a sickenesse as sharpe , as suddaine , shal fetch vs hence : It may bee the same death , or a worse , for a better cause : Or if not so , There is much more miserie in lingering : Hee dies easily , that dyes soone : But the other , is the vtmost vengeaunce that GOD hath reserued for his enemies : This is a matter of long feare , and short payne . A few panges lets the soule out of prison ; but the Torment of that other is euerlasting ; after tenne thousand yeares scorching in that flame , the payne is neuer the neerer to his ending . No time giues it hope of abating ; yea , time hath nothing to do with this eternity . You that shall feele the paine of one minutes dying , thinke what paine it is to be dying for euer and euer . This , although it bee attended with a sharpe paine , yet is such as some strong spirits haue indured without shew of yeildance . I haue herd of an Irish Traitor , that when he lay pining vppon the wheele with his bones broke , asked his friend if hee changed his countenance at all : caring lesse for the paine , then the shew of feare . Few men haue dyed of greater paines , then others haue sustained and liue . But that other ouer-whelms both body and soule , and leaues no roome for any comfort in the possibility of mitigation . Heere , men are executioners , or diseases ; there fiends . Those diuels that were ready to tempt the gracelesse vnto sinne , are as ready to follow the damned with tortures . Whatsoeuer becom of your carcasse , saue your soule from these flames : and so mannage this short time you haue to liue , that you may die but once . This is not your first sinne ; yea , God hath now punnished your former sins with this : A fearefull punishment in it selfe , if it deserued no more : your cōscience ( which now beginnes to tell trueth ) cannot but assure you , that there is no sinne more worthy of hell , then murder ; yea , more proper to it . Turne ouer those holy leaues ( which you haue too much neglected , & now smart for neglecting ) you shall finde Murderers among those that are shut out from the presence of God : you shall finde the Prince of that darknes , in the highest stile of his mischief , termed a Man-slayer . Alas ! how fearefull a case is this , that you haue heerein-resembled him , for whome Topheth was prepared of old , and imitating him in his action , haue endangered your self to partake of his tormēts . Oh , that you coulde but see what you haue done , what you haue deserued ; That your heart could bleed enough within you , for the bloud your handes haue shed : That as you haue followed Satan our common enemy in sinning , so you could defye him in repenting : That your teares could disapoint his hopes of your damnation . What an happy vnhappinesse shall this be to your sad friendes , that your better part yet liueth ? That frō an ignominious place , your soule is receyued to glory ? Nothing can effect this but your Repentance , and that can do it . Feare not to looke into that horrour , which should attend your sinne , and bee now as seuere to your selfe , as you haue beene cruell to another . Thinke not to extenuate your offence with the vain Titles of man-hood ; what praise is this , that you were a valiaunt Murderer ? Strike your owne breast ( as Moses did his Rooke ) and bring down Riuers of tears to wash away your bloud-shed . Do not so much feare your iudgment , as abhorre your sinne ; yea , your selfe for it : And with strong cries lift vppe your guilty hands to that God whom you offended , and say : Deliuer mee from blood-guiltines O Lord. Let me tell you , as without repentance there is no hope , so with it , ther is no condemnation . True penitence is strong , & can grapple with the greatest sin , yea with all the powers of hell . What if your hands be red with blood ? Behold , the blood of your Sauiour , shall wash away yours : If you can bath your selfe in that ; your Scarlet soule shall be as white as Snow . This course alone shal make your Crosse the way to the Paradice of God. This plaister can heale all the sores of the foul , if neuer so desperate : Onely , take heede that your heart bee deepe enough pierced , ere you lay it on ; else vnder a seeming skinne of dissimulation , your soule shall fester to death . Yet ioy vs vvith your true sorrowe , whome you haue grieued with your offence ; & at once comfort your friends , and saue your soule . EPIST. IX . To Mr. Iohn Mole , of a long time nowe prisoner vnder the Inquisition at Rome . ¶ Exciting him to his wonted Constancie , and incouraging him to Martyrdome . WHat passage can these lines hope to finde into that your straight and curious thraldome ? Yet who would not aduenture the losse of this paines for him , which is ready to loose himself for Christ ? what do we not ow to you which haue thus giuen your self for the cōmon faith ? blessed be the name of that God who hath singled you out for his Champion , & made you inuincible : how famous are your bonds ? How glorious your constancy ? Oh , that out of your close obscurity , you could but see the honour of your suffring , the affections of Gods Saints , & in som , an holy enuy at your distressed hapines . Those wals cannot hide you : No man is attended with so many eyes from earth & heauen : The Church your Mother beholdes you , not with more compassion , then ioy : Neither can it bee sayde , how shee at once pitties your misery , and reioyces in your patience : The blessed Angels looke vpon you with gratulation and applause . The aduersaries with an angry sorrowe to see themselues ouercome by their captiue , their obstinate cruelty ouer-matched with humble resolution , and faithfull perseuerance . Your Sauiour sees you from aboue , not as a meer spectator , but as a patient with you , in you , for you ; yea , as an agent in your indurance & victory , giuing new courage with the one hād , and holding out a Crowne with the other ; Whom would not these sights incorage ? who now can pitty your solitarinesse ? The harts of all good men are with you . Neither can that place be but full of angels , which is the continuall obiect , of so many Prayers , yea the God of heauen was neuer so near you , as now ye are remooued from men . Let me speake a bold , but true worde . Jt is as possible for him to bee absent from his Heauen , as from the prisons of his Saints . The glorified spirits aboue sing to him ; the persecuted soules below , suffer for him , and crie to him ; he is magnified in both , present with both ; the faith of the one , is as pleasing to him , as the triumph of the other ; Nothing obligeth vs men so much , as smarting for vs ; words of defence are woorthy of thankes , but pain is esteemed aboue recompence . How do we kisse the woundes which are taken for our sakes , and professe that we would hate our selues , if wee did not loue those that dare bleed for vs : How much more shal the God of mercies be sensible of your sorrowes , and crowne your patience ? To whom you may truely sing that ditty of the Diuine Psalmist , Surely for thy sake am I slaine continually , and am counted as a Sheepe for the slaughter . What neede I to stir vp your constancy , which hath already amazed , and wearied your persecutors ? No suspition shall driue me heereto ; but rather the thirst of your praise . He that exhorts to persist in well-doing , whiles he perswades , commendeth . Whether shoulde I rather send you , then to the sight of your own Christian fortitude ? which neither Prayers , nor threats , haue bin able to shake : Heere stands on the one hand , Liberty , Promotion , Pleasure , life , and ( which easily exceeds al these ) the deare respect of wife and children ( whome your onely resolution shall make Widdow and Orphanes ) these with smiles , and vowes , and teares , seeme to importune you . On the other hand , bondage , solitude , horror , death ( and the most lingering of all miseries ) ruine of posterity : these with frowns and menaces labour to afright you : Betwixt both , you haue stoode vnmooued ; fixing your eyes either right forward vpon the cause of your suffering , or vpwards vppon the Crowne of your reward : It is an happy thing when our owne actions may be either examples , or arguments of good . These blessed proceedings call you on to your perfection ; The reward of good beginnings prosecuted , is doubled ; neglected , is lost . How vaine are those temptations , vvhich ( would make you a looser of all this praise ; this recompence ? Go on therfore happily ; keepe your eies where they are , and your heart cannot bee , but where it is , and where it ought : Looke still , for what you suffer , & for whom : For the truth , or Christ : what can be so precious as truth ? Not life it selfe . All earthly things are not so vile to life , as life to truth ; Life is momentary , Truth eternall ; Life is ours , the Truth , Gods : Oh happy purchase , to giue our life for the Truth . What can we suffer too much for Christ ? He hath giuen our life to vs ; he hath giuen his own life for vs. What great thing is it , if he require what he hath giuen vs , if ours for his ? Yea , rather , if he cal for what he hath lent vs ; yet not to bereue but to chaunge it ; giuing vs Gold for our clay , glory for our corruption . Behold that Sauiour of yours weeping , & bleeding , & dying for your alas ! our soules are too strait for his sorrowes ; we can be made but paine for him ; He was made sin for vs : we sustain for him , but the impotent anger of men , hee strugled with the infinite wrath of his Father for vs. Oh , who can endure enough for him , that hath passed thorough Death and hell for his Soule ? Thinke this , and you shall resolue with Dauid , I will bee yet more vile for the Lord. The woorst of the despight of men , is but Death ; and that , if they inflict not , a disease wil ; or if not that , Age. Heere is no imposition of that which would not be but an hastening of that which will bee : An hastening , to your gaine . For behold , their violence shall turne your necessity , into Vertue and profit . Nature hath made you mortall , none but an enemie can make you a Martyr ; you must die , though they will not ; you cannot die for Christ , but by them : How coulde they else deuise to make you happie ? Since the giuer of both liues hath said , Hee that shall loose his life for my sake , shall saue it . Loe , this alone is lost with keeping , and gained by losse . Say you were freed , vppon the safest conditions , and returning : ( As how welcome should that newes be , more to yours , then to your selfe . ) Perhappes , death may meete you in the way , perhaps ouer-take you at home : neither place , nor time , can promise immunitie from the common destinie of men : Those that may abridge your houres , cannot lengthen them ; and while they last , cannot secure them from vexation ; yea themselues shall followe you into their dust ; and cannot auoide what they can inflicte ; death shal equalie tirannize by them , and ouer them : so their fauors are but fruitlesse , their malice gainefull . For , it shall change your prison into heauen , your Fetters into a Crown , your Iailours to Angels , your misery into glory . Looke vppe to your future estate , and reioyce in the present : Beholde the Tree of Life , the hidden Manna , the Scepter of Power , the Morning-Starre , the white garment , the newe name , the Crowne , and Throne of Heauen are adressed for you . Ouercome and enioy them : oh glorious condition of Martyrs , whom conformity in death , hath made like their Sauiour in blessednesse ; whose honour is to attend him for euer , whō they haue ioyed to imitate . VVhat are these which are arayd in long white robes , and whence came they ? These are ( saies that Heauenly Elder ) they which came out of great Tribulation , and vvashed their long Robes , and haue made their long Robes white , in the bloude of the Lambe . Therefore they are in the presence of the Throne of GOD , and serue him day and night in the Temple : and hee that sitteth on the Throne , will dwel among them , and Gouerne them , and leade them vnto the liuelie Fountaines of waters , and GOD shall wipe all teares from their eyes . All the elect haue Seales in theyr fore-heades : But Martyrs haue Palme in theyr handes : All the elect haue White Robes ; Martyrs , both white and long . White , for their Glorie , long for the largenesse of their Glorie . Once redde with theyr owne bloude ; now white with the bloude of the Lambe : There is nothing in our bloude , but weake obedience ; nothing but merrit in the Lambes-bloud . Behold , his merite makes our obedience Glorious . You doo but sprinckle his feet with your bloude ; Loe , hee washes your long white Robes , with his . Euerie droppe of your bloude is answered with a streame of his ; and euerie droppe of his , is woorth Riuers of ours : Precious in the sight of the Lorde , is the Death of his Saintes : Precious in preuention ; Precious in acceptation , precious in remuneration . Oh , giue willingly that which you cannot keepe , that you may receyue what you cannot leese . The way is steepe , but now you breath towardes the top . Let not the want of some few steps , loose you an eternall rest . Put too the strength of your owne Fayth ; The Prayers of Gods Saints shall further your pace ; & that gracious hand that sustaines heauen and earth , shall vphold , and sweetly draw you vp to your glory . Go on to credite the gospell with your perseuerance , and shew the false-hearted Clients of that Romayne-Court , that the Trueth yeildes reall and heartie professours ; such as dare no lesse smart , then speake for her . Without the wals of your restraint , where can you looke beside encouragements of suffering ? Beholde in this , how much you are happier then your many predecessors . Those haue found friends , or wiues , or children , the most dangerous of al tempters . Suggestions of weakenes , when they com masked with loue , are more powerfull to hurt . But you , all your manie friendes , in the valour of their Christian loue , wish rather a blessed Martyr , then a liuing and prosperous reuolter : yea , your deare wife ( worthy of this honour , to be the wife of a Martyr ) preferres your faith , to her affection ; and in a courage beyond hir Sex , contemnes the worst miserie of your losse ; professing she woulde redeeme your life with hirs , but that she would not redeeme it with your yeildance : and while shee lookes vppon those manie pawns of your chast loue , your hopefull Children , wishes rather to see them fatherlesse , then their Father vnfaithfull : The greatest part of your sufferings are hers . She beares them with a cheerefull resolution . She diuides with you in your sorrowes , in your patience ; she shall not bee diuided in your glory : For vs we shall accompanie you , with our Prayers , and followe you with our thankefull commemorations ; vowing to Write your name in red Letters , in the Kalenders of our hearts ; and to Register it in the monuments of perpetual Records , as an example to all posteritie , The memoriall of the iust shal bee blessed . EPIST. X. To all Readers . ¶ Containing Rules of good aduise for our Christian and ciuill carriage . I Grant , Breuitie where it is neyther obscure nor defectiue , is very pleasing , euen to the daintist iudgments . No maruaile therefore , if most men desire much good coūsel in a narrow room ; as some affect to haue great personages , drawne in little Tablets , or , as we see worlds of Countreyes described in the compasse of small Mappes : Neither do I vnwillingly yeild to sollowe them ; for both the powers of good aduice are the stronger , when they are thus vnited ; and breuitie makes counsell more portable for memorie , and readier for vse . Take these therefore for more ; which as I would faine practise , so am I willing to commend . Let vs begin with him who is the first and last : Informe your selfe aright concerning God , without whome , in vaine do we know all things : Bee acquainted with that Sauiour of yours , which paid so much for you on earth , and now sues for you in heauen ; without whom , wee haue nothing to doe with God , nor he with vs. Adore him in your thoughts , trust him with your selfe : Renew your sight of him euerie day ; and his of you : Ouer-look these earthly things , & when you do at any time cast your eyes vppon heauen , thinke , there dwels my Sauiour , there I shall be . Call your selfe to often reckonings , cast vp your debts , paiments , graces , wants expences , imploiments , yeeld not to thinke your set Deuotions troublesome : Take not easie denialles from your selfe ; yea , giue peremptory denials to your selfe ; Hee can neuer bee good that flatters himselfe : hold nature to her allowaunce ; and let your wil stand at curtesy : happy is that man , which hath obtained to be the Maister of his owne heart : Thinke all Gods outward fauors and prouisions the best for you ; your own abilities , and actions the meanest . Suffer not your minde to bee either a Drudge or a wanton ; exercise it euer , but ouerlay it not : In al your businesses look throgh the world , at God ; whatsoeuer is your leuell , let him bee your scope : Euery day take a view of your last , and thinke either it is this , or may be : Offer not your selfe either to honour , or labour ; let them both seeke you : Care you onely to be woorthy , and you cannot hide you from God ; so frame your self to the time & companie , that you may neyther serue it ; nor sullenly neglect it ; and yeeld● so far , as you may neither betray goodnesse , nor countenance euil . Let your words bee few , and digested ; It is a shame for the tongue to cry the heart mercie , much more to cast it selfe vpon the vncertaine pardon of others eares . There are but two things which a Christian is charged to buy , and not to sell , Time and Truth ; both , so precious , that we must purchase them at anie rate . So vse your friends , as those which should be perpetuall , may bee chaungeable ; while you are within yourselfe , there is no daunger : but thoughts once vttered must stande to hazard . Do not hear from your selfe , what you would be loath to hear from others . In al good thinges giue your eye and eare the ful scope , for they let into the minde ; restraine the tongue , for it is a spender ▪ fewe men haue repented them of silence : In all serious matters take counsel of daies , & nights and friends & let leasure ripen your purposes : neither hope to gain ought by suddennesse : The first thoughtes may be confident , the second are wiser . Serue honestie euer , though without apparant wages : she wil pay sure , if slow : As in apparell , so in actions , know not what is good , but what becomes you : how manie warrantable acts haue mishapen the Authors . Excuse not your owne ill , aggrauate not others : and if you loue peace , auoide Censures , comparisons , contradictions : out of good men chuse acquaintance , of acquaintance , friends , of friends ; familiars ▪ after probacion admit them , & af●e● admittance cha●ge them not . Age commendeth friendship . Do not alwayes your best ; it is neither wise , nor safe for a man euer to stand vpon the top of his strength ▪ If you would be aboue the expectation of others 〈…〉 your selfe . 〈…〉 after your p●●●● ; not after your minde ▪ 〈◊〉 To where you may deny ; except vpon Confidence of de●●●● , or hope to require ▪ Eyther frequent ●●li●s , or complaints , are wearisome to any friende : Rather smother your griefes and wantes a● you may , then be either querulous , or importunate . Let not your face belye your heart , nor alwaies tell tales out of it ; he is fit to liue amongst frends or enimies , that can be ingenuously close : Giue freely , sell thriftily : Change seldome your place , neuer your state : either 〈…〉 conueniences , or swallow them , rather theen you should run from your selfe to auoide them . In al your reckonings for the world , cast vp some crosses that appeare not ; either those will come , or may : Let your suspicions bee charitable ; your trust fearfull ▪ your censures sure , Giue way to the anger of the great : The Thunder and Cannon will abide no fence . As in throngs we are affraid of losse ; so while the world comes vpon you , look wel to your soule ; There is more danger in good , then in euil : I fear the number of these my rules ; for Precepts are wont ( as nayles ) to driue out one another : but these , intended to scatter amongest many : and I was loath that anie guest should complain of a niggardly hand ; Daintie Dishes are woont to be sparingly serued out ; homely ones , supply in their bignesse , what they want in their worth . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A02536-e1820 Index Expurg . Homil. in 1. Cor. 7. De bono coniugij , cap. 19. De bono . coniug . c. 9. &c. 16.