Contemplations, the sixth volume. By Ios. Hall D. of D. Contemplations upon the principall passages of the Holy Storie. Vol. 6 Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656. 1622 Approx. 288 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 234 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2005-10 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A02531 STC 12657A ESTC S103671 99839419 99839419 3837 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A02531) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 3837) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 1273:2) Contemplations, the sixth volume. By Ios. Hall D. of D. Contemplations upon the principall passages of the Holy Storie. Vol. 6 Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656. [8], 448 p. Printed by I[ohn] H[aviland] for Nathaniel Butter, London : 1622. Books 16-17 on the Old Testament; includes book 3 on the New Testament. Printer's name from STC. The first volume was issued under the title: Contemplations upon the principall passages of the holy storie. Reproduction of the original in the British Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Bible. -- O.T -- Meditations -- Early works to 1800. Bible. -- N.T -- Meditations -- Early works to 1800. 2005-01 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2005-01 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2005-02 Judith Siefring Sampled and proofread 2005-02 Judith Siefring Text and markup reviewed and edited 2005-04 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion Contemplations , THE SIXTH VOLVME . By Ios. HALL D. of D. LONDON , Printed by J. H. for Nathaniel Butter . 1622. Contemplations . THE SIXTEENTH BOOKE . Containing Shimei Cursing . Achitophel . The death of Absalom . Shebaes Rebellion . The Gibeonites reuenged . The numbring of the people . TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE AND TRVLY NOBLE LORD , FRANCIS , Lord RVSSELL , Baron of THORNHAVGH all increase of Honour and Happinesse . RIGHT HO : You shall not need to impute it to any other reason besides your vertues , that I haue presumed to shroud this peece of my labours vnder your Noble Patronage . The world hath taken iust notice how much the Gospell is graced by your reall profession ; whom neither honor hath made ouerlie , nor wealth lauish , nor charge miserable , nor greatnesse licentious . Goe on happily in these safe and gainfull steps of goodnesse ; and still honour the God that hath honoured you ; In the meane time , accept from my vnworthy hands these poore Meditations , more hie for their subiect , then meane for their author ; Wherein SHIMEIES curses shall teach you how vnable either greatnesse , or innocence is to beare off the blowes of ill tongues ; and how basenesse euer molds it selfe according to the aduantage of times . ACHITOPHELS depth compared with his end shall shew how witlesse , and insensate craft is , when it striues against honestie ; and how iustly they are forsaken of their reason , that haue abandoned God ; The bloud of ABSALOM and SHEBA proclaime the ineuitable reuenge of rebellion , which neither in woods nor walls can finde safetie . The late famine of Israel for the forgotten violence offered to the Gibeonites , shewes what note God takes of our oathes , and what sure vengeance of their violation . DAVIDS muster seconded with the plague of Israel teaches , how highly God may be offended with sinnes of the least appearance , how seuere to his owne , how mercifull in that seueritie . If these my thoughts shall be approued beneficiall to any soule , I am rich . I shall vow my praiers to their successe ; and to the happinesse of your Honourable Familie , both in the root , and branches ; Whereto I am in all Humble dutie deuoted , IOS : HALL . Contemplations . SHIMEI cursing . WITH an heauy heart , and a couered head , and a weeping eie , and bare feet , is Dauid gone away from Hierusalem ; neuer did he with more ioy come vp to his citie , then now he left it with sorrow : how could he doe otherwise , whom the insurrection of his owne Sonne droue out from his house , from his throne , from the Arke of God ? and now , when the depth of this griefe deserued nothing but compassion , the foule mouth of Shimei entertaines Dauid with curses : There is no small crueltie in the picking out of a time for mischiefe ; That word would scarce gall at one season , which at another killeth . The same shaft flying with the winde pierces deepe , which against it , can hardly finde strength to sticke vpright . The valour , and iustice of children condemnes it for iniuriously cowardly to strike their aduersary when he is once downe . It is the murder of the tongue to insult vpon those , whom God hath humbled , and to draw bloud of that backe , which is yet blew from the hand of the Almightie . If Shimei had not presumed vpon Dauids deiection , he durst not haue beene thus bold ; now he that perhaps durst not haue lookt at one of those Worthies single , defies them all at once , and doth both cast , and speake stones against Dauid , and all his armie . The malice of a base spirits sometimes carries them further then the courage of the valiant . In all the time of Dauids prosperitie , we heard no newes of Shimei ; his silence and colourable obedience made him passe for a good subiect ; yet all that while was his heart vnsound , and trayterous . Peace and good successe hides many a false heart ; ( like as a snow-drift couers an heape of dung ) which once melting away descryes the rottennesse that lay within : Honor and welfare are but flattering glasses of mens affections ; aduersitie will not deceiue vs ; but will make a true report as of our owne powers , so of the dispositions of others . He that smiled on Dauid in his throne , curseth him in his flight ; if there be any quarrels , any exceptions to be taken against a man , let him looke to haue them laid in his dish when he fares the hardest . This practise haue wicked men learnt of their master to take the vtmost aduantages of our afflictions ; He that suffers had need to be double armed , both against paine , and censure . Euery word of Shimei was a slaunder ; He that tooke Sauls speare from his head , and repented to haue but cut the lap of his garment , is reproched as a man of bloud ; The man after Gods owne heart is branded for a man of Belial . He that was sent for out of the fields to be anointed , is taxed for an vsurper ; If Dauids hands were stained with bloud , yet not of Sauls house ; it was his seruant , not his master that bled by him ; yet is the bloud of the Lords anointed cast in Dauids teeth , by the spight of a false tongue . Did we not see Dauid ( after all the proofes of his humble loyaltie ) shedding the bloud of that Amalakite who did but say he shed Sauls ? Did we not heare him lament passionately for the death of so ill a master , chiding the mountaines of Gilboa on which he fell ; and angerly wishing that no dewe might fall where that bloud was powred out ; and charging the daughters of Israel to weepe ouer Saul , who had clothed them in scarlet ? Did we not heare and see him inquiring for any remainder of the house of Saul , that he might shew him the kindnesse of God ? Did we not see him honouring lame Mephibosheth with a princely seat at his owne table ? Did we not see him reuenging the bloud of his riuall Ishbosheth , vpon the heads of Rechab and Baanah ? What could any liuing man haue done more to wipe off these bloudy aspersions ? Yet is not a Shimei ashamed to charge innocent Dauid with all the bloud of the house of Saul . How is it likely this clamorous wretch had secretly traduced the name of Dauid , all the time of his gouernment , that dares thus accuse him to his face , before all the mightie men of Israel , who were witnesses of the contrary ? The greater the person is , the more open doe his actions lie to mis-interpretation , and censure . Euery tongue speakes partially according to the interest he hath in the cause , or the patient . It is not possible that eminent persons should be free from imputations ; Innocence can no more protect them , then power . If the patience of Dauid can digest this indignitie , his traine cannot ; their fingers could not but itch to returne iron for stones . If Shimei raile on Dauid , Abishai railes on Shimei ; Shimei is of Sauls familie , Abishai of Dauids ; each speakes for his owne ; Abishai most iustly bends his tongue against Shimei , as Shimei against Dauid , most vniustly ; Had Shimei been any other then a dog , he had neuer so rudely barked at an harmlesse passenger ; neither could he deserue lesse then the losse of that head which had vttered such blasphemies against Gods anointed ; The zeale of Abishai doth but plead for iustice , and is checked ; What haue I to doe with you ye sonnes of Zeruiah ? Dauid said not so much to his reuiler , as to his abettor : He well saw that a reuenge was iust , but not seasonable ; he found the present a fit time to suffer wrongs , not to right them : he therefore giues way rather meekly to his owne humiliation , then to the punishment of another ; There are seasons wherein lawfull motions are not fit to be cherished ; Anger doth not become a mourner ; One passion at once is enough for the soule . Vnaduised zeale may be more preiudiciall , then a cold remisnesse . What if the Lord for the correction of his seruant haue said vnto Shimei , Curse Dauid ; yet is Shimeies curse no lesse worthy of Abishaies sword ; the sinne of Shimeies curse was his owne , the smart of the curse was Gods ; God wils that as Dauids chastisement , which he hates as Shimeies wickednesse ; That lewd tongue moued from God , it moued lewdly from Satan . Wicked men are neuer the freer from guilt , or punishment , for that hand which the holy God hath in their offensiue actions ; Yet Dauid can say , Let him alone , and let him curse , for the Lord hath bidden him ; as meaning to giue a reason of his owne patience , rather then Shimeies impunitie ; the issue showd how well Dauid could distinguish betwixt the act of God , and of a traytor ; how he could both kisse the rod , and burne it ; There can be none so strong motiue of our meeke submission to euils , as the acknowledgement of their originall ; He that can see the hand of God striking him by the hand or tongue of an enemie , shall more awe the first mouer of his harme , then maligne the instrument . Euen whiles Dauid laments the rebellion of his sonne , he gaines by it ; and makes that the argument of his patience , which was the exercise of it . Behold , my sonne which came forth of my bowels seeketh my life ; how much more now may this Beniamite doe it ? The wickednesse of an Absalom may rob his father of comfort , but shall help to adde to his fathers goodnesse ; It is the aduantage of great crosses , that they swallow vp the lesse ; One mans sin cannot be excused by anothers , the lesser by the greater ; If Absalom be a traytor , Shimei may not curse and rebell : But the passion conceiued from the indignitie of a stranger may be abated by the harder measure of our owne ; If we can therefore suffer because we haue suffered , we haue profited by our affliction . A weake heart faints with euery addition of succeeding trouble ; the strong recollects it selfe , and is growne so skilfull that it beares off one mischiefe with another . It is not either the vnnaturall insurrection of Absalom , nor the vniust curses of Shimei , that can put Dauid quite out of heart . It may be that the Lord will looke on mine affliction , and will requite good for his cursing , this day . So well was Dauid acquainted with the proceedings of God , that he knew cherishing was euer wont to follow stripes ; after vehement euacuation , cordialls ; after a darke night , the cleere light of the morning : Hope therefore doth not only vphold , but cheere vp his heart , in the midst of his sorrow ; If we can looke beyond the cloud of our affliction , and see the Sun-shine of comfort on the other side of it , we cannot be so discouraged with the presence of euill , as hartened with the issue ; As on the contrary , let a man be neuer so mery within , and see paine and miserie waiting for him at the doore , his expectation of euill shall easily daunt all the sense of his pleasure ; The retributions of temporall fauours goe but by Peraduentures , It may be the Lord will looke on mine affliction ; of eternall , are certaine and infallible ; If we suffer , we shall raigne ; why should not the assurance of raigning make vs triumph in suffering ? Dauids patience drawes on the insolence of Shimei . Euill natures grow presumptuous vpon forbearance : In good dispositions , iniury vnanswered growes weary of it selfe , and dies in a voluntary remorse ; but in those dogged stomacks , which are only capable of the restraints of feare , the silent digestion of a former wrong prouokes a second ; Mercy had need to be guided with wisdome , lest it proue cruell to it selfe . Oh the base mindes of inconstant-Time-seruers ! Stay but a while , till the wheele be a little turned ; you shall see humble Shimei fall downe on his face before Dauid , in his returne ouer Iordan ; now his submission shall equall his former rudenesse ; his praiers shall requite his curses , his teares make amends for his stones , Let not my Lord impute iniquitie vnto me ; neither doe thou remember that which thy seruant did peruersly , the day that my Lord the King went out of Ierusalem , that the King should take it to heart ; for thy seruant doth know that I haue sinned ; False-hearted Shimei , had Absalom prospered , thou hadst not sinned , thou hadst not repented ; then hadst thou braggd of thine insultation ouer his miseries , whose pardon thou now beggest with teares . The changes of worldly mindes are thanklesse ; since they are neither wrought out of conscience , nor loue , but only by a slauish feare of a iust punishment . Dauid could say no more to testifie his sorrow ( for his hainous sinnes against God ) to Nathan , then Shimei saies of himselfe to Dauid ; whereto may be added the aduantage of a voluntarie confession in this offender , which in Dauid was extorted by the reproofe of a Prophet ; yet is Dauids confession seriously penitent , Shimeies craftily hypocriticall ; Those alterations are iustly suspected , which are shaped according to the times , and outward occasions ; the true penitent lookes only at God , and his sinne , and is changed when all other things are themselues . Great offences had need of answerable satisfactions ; As Shimei was the only man of the house of Beniamin that came forth and cursed Dauid in his flight , so is he the first man ( euen before those of the house of Ioseph , though neerer in situation ) that comes to meet Dauid in his returne with praiers and gratulation : Notorious offenders may not thinke to sit downe with the taske of ordinary seruices ; The retributions of their obedience must be proportionable to their crimes . Achitophel . SO soone as Dauid heard of Achitophels hand in that conspiracie , he falls to his praiers , O Lord , I pray thee turne the counsell of Achitophel into foolishnesse ; The knowne wisdome of his reuolted counsellor made him a dangerous and dreadfull aduersarie : Great parts mis-imployed cannot but proue most mischieuous : when wickednesse is armed with wit , and power , none but a God can defeat it ; when we are matched with a strong and subtile enmitie , it is hie time ( if euer ) to be deuout ; If the bountie of God haue thought good to furnish his creatures with powers to warre against himselfe , his wisdome knowes how to turne the abuse of those powers to the shame of the owners , and the glory of the giuer . Oh the policie of this Machiauell of Israel , no lesse deepe , then hell it selfe : Goe in to thy fathers concubines , which he hath left to keepe the house ; and when all Israel shall heare that thou art abhorred of thy father , the hands of all that are with thee shall be strong . The first care must be to secure the faction : There can be no safetie in siding with a doubtfull rebell ; if Absalom be a Traitor yet he is a sonne ; Nature may returne to it selfe ; Absalom may relent , Dauid may remit ; where then are we that haue helpt to promote the conspiracie : the danger is ours , whiles this breach may be peeced ; There is no way but to ingage Absalom in some further act , vncapable of forgiuenesse ; Besides the throne , let him violate the bed of his father ; vnto his treason let him adde an incest , no lesse vnnaturall ; now shall the world see that Absalom neither hopes , nor cares for the reconciliation of a father ; Our quarrell can neuer haue any safe end but victorie ; the hope whereof depends vpon the resolution of our followers ; they cannot be resolute , but vpon the vnpardonable wickednesse of their leader ; Neither can this villanie be shamefull enough , if it be secret . The closenesse of euill argues feare , or modestie ; neither of which can beseeme him that would be a succesfull traitor ; Set vp a tent on the top of the house , and let all Israel be witnesses of thy sin , and thy fathers shame ; Ordinary crimes are for vulgar offenders ; Let Absalom sinne eminently ; and doe that which may make the world at once to blush , and wonder . Who would euer haue thought that Achitophel had liued at the Court , at the Councell-table of a Dauid ? Who would thinke that mouth had euer spoken well ? Yet had he beene no other then as the Oracle of God to the religious Court of Israel ; euen whiles he was not wise enough to be good : Policie and grace are not alwaies lodged vnder one roofe ; This man whiles he was one of Dauids deepe Counsellors , was one of Dauids fooles that said in their hearts , There is no God ; Else he could not haue hoped to make good an euill with worse , to build the successe of treason vpon incest . Prophane hearts doe so contriue the plots of their wickednesse , as if there were no ouer-ruling power to crosse their designes , or to reuenge them : He that sits in heauen laughs them to scorne , and so farre giues way to their sinnes , as their sinnes may proue plagues vnto themselues . These two sonnes of Dauid met with pestilent counsell : Amnon is aduised to incest with his sister ; Absalom is aduised to incest with his fathers Concubines ; That by Ionadab , this by Achitophel : Both preuaile : It is as easie at least to take ill counsaile , as to giue it : Pronenesse to villanie in the great cannot want either proiectors to deuise , or parasites to execute the most odious and vnreasonable sinnes . The tent is spred ( lest it should not be conspicuous enough ) on the top of the house , The act is done ; in the sight of all Israel : The filthinesse of the sinne was not so great , as the impudencie of the manner : When the prophet Nathan came with that heauie message of reproofe , and menace to Dauid , after his sinne with Bathsheba , he could say from God , Behold I will raise vp euill against thee , out of thine owne house , and will take thy wiues before thine eies , and giue them vnto thy neighbour , and he shall lie with thy wiues , in the sight of this Sunne : For thou didst it secretly , but I will doe this thing before all Israel , and before this Sunne . The counsell of Achitophel , and the lust of Absalom haue fulfilled the iudgement of God. Oh the wisdome of the Almightie , that can vse the worst of euils , well ; and most iustly make the sinnes of men his executioners ! It was the sinne of Reuben that he defiled his fathers bed ; yet not in the same height of lewdnesse : what Reuben did in a youthfull wantonnesse , Absalom did in a malicious despight ; Reuben sinned with one ; Absalom with ten ; Reuben secretly , Absalom in the open eies of heauen and earth ; yet old Iacob could say of Reuben , Thou shalt not excell ; thy dignitie is gone ; Whiles Achitophel saies to Absalom , Thy dignitie shall arise from incest ; Climbe vp to thy fathers bed , if thou wilt sit in his throne ; If Achitophel were a politician , Iacob was a Prophet ; if the one spake from carnall sense , the other from diuine reuelation . Certainly , to sinne is not the way to prosper ; what euer vaine fooles may promise to themselues , there is no wisdome , nor vnderstanding , nor counsell against the Lord. After the rebellion is secured for continuance , the next care is that it may end in victorie ; this also hath the working head of Achitophel proiected . Wit and experience told him that in these cases of assault , celeritie vses to bring forth the happiest dispatch : whereas protraction is no small aduantage to the defendant . Let me ( saith he ) choose out now twelue thousand men , and I will vp , and follow after Dauid this night ; and I will come vpon him while he is wearie , and weak-handed . No aduice could be more pernicious : For , besides the wearinesse , and vnreadinesse of Dauid and his armie , the spirits of that worthy leader were daunted , and deiected with sorrow , and offered way to the violence of a sudden assault . The field had beene halfe won ere any blow striken . Achitophel could not haue beene reputed so wise , if He had not learned the due proportion betwixt actions and times : He that obserueth euery winde shall neuer sowe ; but he that obserues no Winde at all , shall neuer reape . The likeliest deuices doe not alwaies succeed ; The God that had appointed to establish Dauids throne , and determined Salomon to his succession , findes meanes to crosse the plot of Achitophel , by a lesse-probable aduice : Hushai was not sent backe for nothing : where God hath in his secret will decreed any euent , he inclines the wills of men to approue that which may promote his owne purposes : Neither had Hushai so deepe an head ; neither was his counsell so sure , as that of Achitophel , yet his tongue shal refell Achitophel , and diuert Absalom : The pretences were fairer ; though the grounds were vnsound ; First , to sweeten his opposition , he yeelds the praise of wisdome to his aduersarie in all other counsells , that he may haue leaue to denie it in this ; His very contradiction in the present insinuates a generall allowance . Then , he suggests certaine apparent truths concerning Dauids valour , and skill , to giue countenance to the inferences of his improbabilities ; Lastly , he cunningly feeds the proud humour of Absalom , in magnifying the power and extent of his commands , and ends in the glorious boasts of his fore-promised victorie ; As it is with faces , so with counsell , that is faire that pleaseth . He that giues the vttrance to words , giues also their speed : Fauour both of speech and men is not euer according to desert , but according to fore-ordination : The tongue of Hushai , and the heart of Absalom is guided by a power aboue their owne ; Hushai shall therefore preuaile with Absalom , that the treason of Absalom may not preuaile ; He that worketh all in all things , so disposeth of wicked men and spirits , that whiles they doe most oppose his reuealed will , they execute his secret , and whiles they think most to please , they ouerthrow themselues . When Absalom first met Hushai returned to Hierusalem , he vpbraided him pleasantly with the scoffe of his professed friendship to Dauid ; Is this thy kindnesse to thy friend ? Sometimes there is more truth in the mouth then in the heart , more in iest then in earnest ; Hushai was a friend , his stay was his kindnesse ; and now he hath done that for which he was left at Hierusalem , disappointed Achitophel , preserued Dauid ; Neither did his kindnesse to his friend rest here , but ( as one that was iustly iealous of him , with whom he was allowed to temporize ) he mistrusts the approbation of Absalom ; and not daring to put the life of his master vpon such an hazard , he giues charge to Zadok , and Abiathar of this intelligence vnto Dauid : we cannot be too suspicious when we haue to doe with those that are faithlesse : We cannot be too curious of the safetie of good Princes . Hushai feares not to descry the secrets of Absaloms counsell ; To betray a traitor is no other then a commendable worke ; Zadok and Abiathar are fast within the gates of Hierusalem ; their sonnes lay purposely abroad in the fields ; this message that concerned no lesse then the life of Dauid , and the whole kingdome of Israel , must be trusted with a maid : Sometimes it pleaseth the wisdome of God , who hath the varietie of heauen and earth before him , to single out weake instruments for great seruices ; and they shall serue his turne , as well as the best ; No counsailour of state could haue made this dispatch more effectually ; Ionathan and Ahimaaz are sent , descried , pursued , preserued ; The fidelitie of a maid instructed them in their message , the suttletie of a woman saued their liues . At the well of Rogel they receiued their message , in the Well of Bahurim was their life saued ; The sudden wit of a woman hath choked the mouth of her Well with dried corne , that it might not bewray the messengers ; and now Dauid heares safely of his danger , and preuents it ; and though weary with trauell , and laden with sorrow , he must spend the night in his remoue . Gods promises of his deliuerance , and the confirmation of his kingdome may not make him neglect the meanes of his safetie : If he be faithfull , we may not be carelesse ; since our diligence and care are appointed for the factors of that diuine prouidence ; The acts of God must abate nothing of ours ; rather must we ●abour , by doing that which he requireth , to further that which he decreeth . There are those that haue great wits for the publique , none for themselues : Such was Achitophel , who whiles he had powers to gouerne a state , could not tell how to rule his owne passions : Neuer till now doe we finde his counsell balked ; neither was it now reiected as ●ll , only Hushaies was allowed for better ; he can liue no longer now that he is beaten at his owne weapon : this alone i● cause enough to saddle his Asse● and to goe home , and put th● halter about his owne necke Pride causes men both to misinterpret disgraces , and to ouerrate them ; Now is Dauids praie● heard , Achitophels counsell is turned into foolishnesse ; Desperat● Achitophel , what if thou be no● the wisest man of all Israel● Euen those that haue not attained to the hiest pitch of wisdome , haue found contentment in a mediocritie ; what 〈◊〉 thy counsell were despised ? 〈◊〉 wise man knowes to liue happily in spight of an vniust contempt : what madnesse is this 〈◊〉 reuenge another mans reputation vpon thy selfe ? And whiles thou striuest for the hiest roome of wisdome , to run into the grossest extremitie of folly ? Worldly wisdome is no protection from shame and ruine . How easily may a man , though naturally wise , be made wearie of life : A little paine , a little shame , a little losse , a small affront can soone rob a man of all comfort , and cause his owne hands to rob him of himselfe ; If there were not hier respects then the world can yeeld , to maintaine vs in being , it should be a miracle if indignation did not kill more then disease : now , that God by whose appointment we liue here , for his most wise and holy purposes , hath found meanes to make life sweet , and death terrible . What a mixture doe we finde here of wisdome and madnesse ? Achitophel will needs hang himselfe , there is madnesse ; He will yet set his house in order ; there is an act of wisdome ; And could it be possible , that he who was so wise as to set his house in order , should be so mad as to hang himselfe ? That he should be carefull to order his house , who regarded not to order his impotent passions ? That he should care for his house , who cared not for either body or soule ? How vaine it is for a man to be wise , if he be not wise in God ? How preposterous are the cares of idle worldlings that prefer all other things to themselues , and whiles they looke at what they haue in their cofers , forget what they haue in their breasts . The Death of Absalom . THE same God that raised enmitie to Dauid from his own loines , procured him fauour from forrainers ; Strangers shall releeue him , whom his owne sonne persecutes ; Here is not a losse , but an exchange of loue : Had Absalom beene a sonne of Ammon , and Shobi a sonne of Dauid ; Dauid had found no cause of complaint : If God take with one hand , he giues with another : whiles that diuine bountie serues vs in , good meat , though not in our owne dishes , we haue good reason to be thankfull . No sooner is Dauid come to Mahanaim , then Barzillai , Machir , and Shobi refresh him with prouisions ; Who euer saw any childe of God left vtterly destitute ? Whosoeuer be the messenger of our aide , we know whence he comes ; Heauen shall want power , and earth meanes , before any of the houshold of faith shall want maintenance . He that formerly was forced to imploy his armes for his defence against a tyrannous father in law , must now buckle them on against an vnnaturall sonne : Now therefore he musters his men , and ordaines his commanders , and marshalls his troupes , and , since their loyall importunitie will not allow the hazard of his person , he at once incourages them by his eye , and restraines them with his tongue , Deale gently with the yong man Absalom , for my sake : How vnreasonably fauourable are the warres of a father ? O holy Dauid , what meanes this ill-placed loue , this vniust mercy ? Deale gently with a traytor ? but of all traytors with a sonne ? of all sonnes with an Absalom , the gracelesse dareling of so good a father ; and all this for thy sake , whose crowne , whose bloud he hunts after ? For whose sake should Absalom be pursued , if hee must be forborne for thine ? He was still courteous to thy followers , affable to sutors , plausible to all Israel , only to thee he is cruell : Wherefore are those armes , if the cause of the quarrell must be a motiue of mercy ? Yet thou saist , Deale gently with the young man Absalom , for my sake : Euen in the holiest Parents nature may be guilty of an iniurious tendernesse , of a bloudy indulgence . Or , whether shall we not rather thinke this was done in type of that vnmeasurable mercy of the true king , and redeemer of Israel , who prayed for his persecutors , for his murderers ; and euen whiles they were at once scorning and killing him , could say , Father forgiue them , for they know not what they do ? If we be sonnes , we are vngratious , we are rebellious , yet still is our heauenly Father thus compassionately regardfull of vs : Dauid was not sure of the successe ; there was great inequalitie in the number ; Absaloms forces were more then double to his ; It might haue come to the contrary issue , that Dauid should haue beene forced to say , Deale gently with the father of Absalom ; but , in a supposition of that victorie , which only the goodnesse of his cause bade him hope for , he saith , Deale gently with the young man Absalom ; as for vs , we are neuer but vnder mercy ; our God needs no aduantages to sweepe vs from the earth , any moment , yet he continues that life , and those powers to vs , whereby we prouoke him , and bids his Angels deale kindly with vs , and beare vs in their armes , whiles we lift vp our hands , and bend our tongues against heauen . O mercie past the comprehension of all finite spirits , and only to be conceiued by him whose it is : Neuer more resembled by any earthly affection then by this of his Deputie and Type , Deale gently with the young man Absalom , for my sake . The battell is ioyned ; Dauids followers are but an handfull to Absaloms ? How easily may the fickle multitude be transported to the wrong side ? What they wanted in abettors , is supplied in the cause . Vnnaturall ambition drawes the sword of Absalom , Dauids , a necessarie and iust defence . They that in simplicitie of heart followed Absalom , cannot in malice of heart , persecute the father of Absalom : with what courage could any Israelite draw his sword against a Dauid ? or on the other side , who can want courage to fight for a righteous Soueraigne , and father , against the conspiracie of a wicked sonne ? The God of hosts , with whom it is all one to saue with many or with few , takes part with iustice , and lets Israel feele , what it is to beare armes for a traiterous vsurper . The sword deuoures twentie thousand of them , and the wood deuoures more then the sword , It must needs be a very vniuersall rebellion , wherein so many perished ; What vertue or merits can assure the hearts of the vulgar , when so gracious a Prince findes so many reuolters ? Let no man looke to prosper by rebellion ; the very thickets , and stakes , and pits , and wild beasts of the wood shall conspire to the punishment of traitors ; Amongst the rest , see how a fatall oke hath singled out the ring-leader of this hatefull insurrection ; and will at once serue for his hangman and gallowes ; by one of those spreading armes snatching him away to speedy execution . Absalom was comely , and he knew it well enough ; His haire was no small peece of his beautie , nor matter of his pride : It was his wont to cut it once a yeere ; not for that it was too long , but too heauie ; his heart could haue borne it longer , if his necke had not complained ; And now , the iustice of God hath platted an halter of those lockes ; Those tresses , had formerly hangd loosely disheueld on his shoulders , now he hangs by them ; He had wont to weigh his haire , and was proud to finde it so heauie ; now his haire poyseth the weight of his bodie , and makes his burden his torment : It is no maruell if his owne haire turnd traitor to him , who durst rise vp against his father . That part which is misused by man to sinne , is commonly imployed by God to reuenge ; The reuenge that it worketh for God , makes amends for the offence , whereto it is drawne against God ; The very beast wheron Absalom sat , as wearie to beare so vnnaturall a burden , resignes ouer his lode to the tree of Iustice ; There hangs Absalom betweene heauen and earth , as one that was hated , and abandoned both of earth , and heauen : As if God meant to prescribe this punishment for traitors , Absalom , Achitophel , and Iudas die all one death : So let them perish that dare lift vp their hand against Gods anointed . The honest souldier sees Absalom hanging in the Oke , and dares not touch him ; his hands were held with the charge of Dauid , Beware that none touch the young man Absalom ; Ioab , vpon that intelligence , sees him , and smites him , with no lesse then three darts ; What the souldier forbore in obedience , the Captaine doth in zeale : not fearing to preferre his Soueraignes safetie , to his command ; and more tendering the life of a King , and peace of his Countrie , then the weake affection of a father ; I dare not sit Iudge betwixt this zeale and that obedience ; betwixt the captaine and the Souldier ; the one was a good subiect , the other a good Patriot : the one loued the King , the other loued Dauid ; and out of loue disobeyed ; the one meant as well , as the other sped : As if God meant to fulfill the charge of his Anointed , without any blame of his subiects , it pleased him to execute that immediate reuenge vpon the rebell , which would haue dispatcht him without hand , or dart : only the Mule and the Oke conspired to this execution ; but that death would haue required more leasure , then it was safe for Israel to giue ; and still life would giue hope of rescue ; to cut off all feares , Ioab lends the Oke three darts to helpe forward so needfull a worke of iustice : All Israel did not afford so firme a friend to Absalom , as Ioab had beene ; who but Ioab had suborned the wittie widow of Tekoah , to sue for the recalling of Absalom , from his three yeeres exile ? Who but he went to fetch him from Geshur to Ierusalem ? Who but he fetcht him from his house at Ierusalem ( whereto he had beene two yeeres confined ) to the face , to the lips of Dauid ? Yet now he that was his solicitour for the Kings fauour , is his executioner against the Kings charge : With honest hearts all respects either of bloud or friendship cease in the case of treason ; well hath Ioab forgotten himselfe to be friend to him who had forgotten himselfe to be a sonne . Euen ciuilly , the King is our common father ; our countrie our common mother ; nature hath no priuate relations which should not gladly giue place to these ; He is neither father , nor sonne , nor brother , nor friend that conspires against the common parent ▪ Well doth he who spake parables for his masters sonne , now speake darts to his Kings enemie ; and pierces that heart which was false to so good a father : Those darts are seconded by Ioabs followers ; each man tries his weapon vpon so faire a marke . One death is not enough for Absalom ; he is at once hanged , shot , mangled , stoned : Iustly was he lift vp to the Oke , who had lift vp himselfe against his father , and soueraigne ; Iustly is he pierced with darts , who had pierced his fathers heart with so many sorrowes ; Iustly is he mangled , who had dismembred and diuided all Israel ; Iustly is he stoned , who had not only cursed , but pursued his owne parent . Now Ioab sounds the retrait ; and calls off his eager troupes from execution ; howeuer he knew what his rebellious countrimen had deserued in following an Absalom ; Wise commanders know how to put a difference betwixt the heads of a faction , and the misguided multitude ; and can pittie the one , whiles they take reuenge on the other . So did Absalom esteeme himselfe , that he thought it would be a wrong to the world , to want the memoriall of so goodly a person . God had denied him sonnes ; How iust it was that hee should want a sonne , who had robd his father of a sonne , who would haue robd himselfe of a father , his father of a Kingdome ? It had beene pitty so poysonous a plant should haue beene fruitfull ; His pride shall supply nature , hee reares vp a stately piller in the Kings dale , and cals it by his owne name , that he might liue in dead stones , who could not suruiue in liuing issue ; and now , behold this curious pile ends in a rude heape , which speakes no language , but the shame of that carcasse which it couers : Heare this yee glorious fooles , that care not to perpetuate any memory of your selues to the world , but of il-deseruing greatnesse ; the best of this affectation is vanity ; the worst , infamy and dishonour ; whereas the memoriall of the iust shall be blessed ; and if his humility shall refuse an Epitaph , and chose to hide himselfe vnder the bare earth , God himselfe shall ingraue his name vpon the pillar of eternity . There now lies Absalom in the pit , vnder a thousand graue-stones , in euery of which is written his euerlasting reproch ; well might this heape ouer-liue that pillar ; for when that ceased to be a piller , it began to be an heape ; neither will it cease to be a monument of Absaloms shame , whiles there are stones to bee found vpon earth ; Euen at this day very Pagans and Pilgrims that passe that way , cast each man a stone vnto that heape , and are wont to say in a solemne execration ; Cursed be the paricide Absalom , and cursed be all vniust persecutors of their parents , for euer ; Fasten your eies vpon this wofull spectacle , ô all ye rebellious and vngratious children , which rise vp against the loynes and thighes from which ye fell : and know that it is the least part of your punishment , that your carcasses rot in the earth , and your name in ignominie ; these doe but shadow out those eternall sufferings , of your soules , for your foule and vnnaturall disobedience . Absalom is sped ; who shall report it to his father ? Surely Ioab was not so much afraid of the fact , as of the message ; There are busie spirits that loue to carry newes , though thanklesse , though purposelesse ; such was Ahimaaz , the sonne of Zadock ; who importunately thrusts himselfe into this seruice ; wise Ioab , who well saw , how vnwelcome tydings must be the burden of the first post , disswades him in vaine ; hee knew Dauid too well to imploy a friend in that errand . An Ethiopian seruant was a fitter bearer of such a message , then the sonne of the Priest. The entertainment of the person doth so follow the quality of the newes , that Dauid could argue afar off , He is a good man , he commeth with good tidings . Oh how welcome deserue those messengers to be that bring vs the glad tidings of saluation ; that assure vs of the foile of all spirituall enemies , and tell vs of nothing but victories , and Crownes , and Kingdomes ; If we thinke not their feet beautifull , our hearts are foule with infidelity , and secure worldlinesse . So wise is Ahimaaz growne by Ioabs intimation , that though he out-went Cushi in his pace , he suffers Cushi to out-goe him in his tale , cunningly suppressing that part , which hee knew must be both necessarily deliuered , and vnpleasingly receiued . As our care is wont to bee where our loue is ; Dauids first word is not , how fares the host , but how fares the young man Absalom : Like a wise , and faithfull messenger , Cushi answers by an honest insinuation , The enemies of my Lord the King , and all that rise against thee to doe thee hurt , be as that young man is ; implying both what was done , and , why Dauid should approue it being done ; How is the good King thunder-strooke with that word of his Black-moore ? who , as if he were at once bereaued of all comfort , and cared not to liue , but in the name of Absalom , goes and weepes , and cries out , O my sonne Absalom , my sonne , my sonne Absalom ; Would God I had died for thee , O Absalom , my sonne , my sonne . What is this we heare ? that he whose life Israel valued at ten thousand of theirs , should be exchanged with a traytors ? that a good King , whose life was sought , should wish to lay it downe for the preseruation of his murtherer ? The best men haue not wont to be the least passionate ; But what shall wee say to that loue of thine , ô Sauiour , who hast said of vs wretched traytors , not , Would God I had died for you ; But I will dye , I doe dye , I haue died for you ; Oh loue , like thy selfe , infinite , incomprehensible , whereat the Angels of Heauen stand yet amazed ; wherewith thy Saints are rauished , Turne away thine eyes from mee , for they ouercome me ▪ Oh thou that dwellest in the Gardens , the companions hearken to thy voyce , cause vs to heare it ; that wee may in our measure answere thy loue , and enioy it for euer . Shebaes Rebellion . IT was the doome which God passed vpon the man after his owne heart by the mouth of Nathan , that the sword should neuer depart from his house , for the bloud of Vriah ; After that wound healed by remission , yet this scarre remaines ; Absalom is no sooner cast downe into the pit , then Sheba the sonne of Bichri is vp in armes ; If Dauid be not plagued , yet he shall be corrected ; First by the rod of a sonne , then of a subiect : He had lift vp his hand against a faithfull subiect ; now a faithlesse dares to lift vp his hand against him ; Malice like some hereditarie sicknesse runs in a bloud ; Saul and Shimei , and Sheba were all of an house ; That ancient grudge was not yet dead ; The fire of the house of Iemini was but raked vp , neuer throughly out ; and now , that which did but smoke in Shimei , flames in Sheba ; Although euen through this chastisement it is not hard to discerne a Type , of that perpetuall succession of enmitie , which should be raised against the true King of Israel . O Sonne of Dauid , when didst thou euer want enemies ? How wert thou designed by thine eternall father , for a signe that should be spoken against ? How did the Gentiles rage , and the people imagine vaine things ? The Kings of the earth assembled , and the Rulers came together against thee ? Yea , how doe the subiects of thine owne kingdome daily conspire against thee ? Euen now whiles thou inioyest peace , and glorie at thy Fathers right hand , as soone shalt thou want friends , as enemies vpon earth . No eye of any traitor could espie a iust quarrell in the gouernment of Dauid , yet Sheba blowes the trumpet of rebellion ; and whiles Israel and Iudah are striuing who should haue the greatest part in their re-established Soueraigne , he sticks not to say , We haue no part in Dauid , neither haue we inheritance in the sonne of Ishai ; and whiles he saies , Euery man to his tents O Israel , he calls euery man to his owne ; So in proclaiming a libertie from a iust and loyall subiection , he inuites Israel to the bondage of an vsurper . That a lewd conspirator should breath treason , it is no wonder ; but is it not wonder and shame , that vpon euery mutinous blast Israel should turne traitor to Gods anointed ? It was their late expostulation with Dauid , why their brethren the men of Iudah should haue stollen him from them ; now might Dauid more iustly expostulate , why a rebell of their brethren should haue stolne them from him : As nothing is more vnstable then the multitude , so nothing is more subiect to distastes , then Soueraigntie ; for as weake mindes seeke pleasure in change ; so euery light conceit of irritation seems sufficient colour of change ; Such as the false dispositions of the vulgar are , loue cannot be securitie enough for Princes , without the awfulnesse of power ; What hold can there be of popularitie , when the same hands that euen now fought for Dauid to be all theirs , now fight against him , vnder the son of Bichri , as none of theirs ? As Bees when they are once vp in a swarme , are ready to light vpon euery bow , so the Israelites , being stirred by the late commotion of Absalom , are apt to follow euery Sheba ; It is vnsafe for any State , that the multitude should once know the way to an insurrection ; the least track in this kinde is easily made a path ▪ Yet , if Israel rebell , Iudah continues faithfull ▪ Neither shall the sonne of Dauid euer be left destitute of some true subiects in the worst of Apostasies : He that could command all hearts , will euer be followed by some ; God had rather glorifie himselfe by a remnant . Great commanders must haue actiue thoughts ; Dauid is not so taken vp with the embroiled affaires of his state , as not to intend domesticke iustice ; His ten concubines , which were shamelesly defiled by his incestuous sonne , are condemned to ward , and widow-hood ; Had not that constupration beene partly violent , their punishment had not beene so easie ; had it not also beene partly voluntarie , they had not beene so much punished ; But how much so euer the act did partake of either force , or will , iustly are they sequestred from Dauids bed ; Absalom was not more vnnaturall in his rebellion , then in his lust ; If now Dauid should haue returned to his owne bed , he had seconded the incest : How much more worthy of separation are they , who haue stained the mariage bed with their wilfull sinne ? Amasa was one of the witnesses , and abettors of Absaloms filthinesse , yet is he ( out of policie ) receiued to fauour and imployment , whiles the concubines suffer ; Great men yeeld many times to those things , out of reasons of state , which if they were priuate persons could not be easily put ouer ; It is no small wisdome to ingage a new reconciled friend , that he may be confirmed by his owne act : Therefore is Amasa commanded to leuie the forces of Iudah : Ioab after many great merits and atchieuements lies rusting in neglect : he that was so intire with Dauid as to be of his counsell for Vriahs bloud ; and so firme to Dauid , as to lead all his battels against the house of Saul , the Ammonites , the Aramites , Absalom is now cashiered , and must yeeld his place to a stranger , late an enemie : Who knowes not that this sonne of Zeruiah had shed the bloud of warre in peace ? But if the bloud of Absalom had not beene louder then the bloud of Abner , I feare this change had not been ; Now Ioab smarteth for a loyall disobedience ; How slippery are the stations of earthly honours , and subiect to continuall mutability ? Happy are they who are in fauour with him , in whom there is no shadow of change . Where men are commonly most ambitious to please with their first imployments , Amaza slackens his pace ; The least delay in matters of rebellion is perilous , may be irrecouerable ; The sonnes of Zeruiah are not sullen ; Abishai is sent , Ioab goes vnsent to the pursuit of Sheba . Amasa was in their way ; whom no quarrell but their enuy had made of a brother an enemy ; Had the heart of Amasa beene priuy to any cause of grudge , hee had suspected the kisse of Ioab ; now his innocent eyes looke to the lips , not to the hand of his secret enemy ; The lips were smooth , Art thou in health , my brother ; the hand was bloudie , which smote him vnder the fift ribbe ; That vnhappie hand knew wel this way vnto death ; which with one wound hath let out the Soules of two great Captaines , Abner and Amasa ; Both they were smitten by Ioab , both vnder the fift ribbe , both vnder a pretence of friendship . There is no enmity so dangerous as that which comes masked with loue ; Open hostility cals vs to our guard ; but there is no fence against a trusted trecherie : wee neede not be bidden to auoid an enemy , but who would runne away from a friend ? Thus spiritually deales the world with our soules ; it kisses vs , and stabs vs at once ; If it did not embrace vs with one hand , it could not murther vs with the other ; Onely God deliuer vs from the danger of our trust , and we shall be safe . Ioab is gone , and leaues Amasa wallowing in bloud ; That spectacle cannot but stay all passengers ; The death of great persons drawes euer many eyes ; Each man sayes , Is not this my Lord Amasa ? Wherefore doe we goe to fight , whiles our Generall lyes in the dust ? What a sad presage is this of our owne miscarriage ? The wit of Ioabs followers hath therefore soone both remoued Amasa out of the way , and couered him ; not regarding so much the losse , as the eye-sore of Israel . Thus wicked Politicks care not so much for the commission of villany , as for the notice ; Smothered euils are as not done ; If oppressions , if murders , if treasons may be hid from view , the obdured heart of the offender complaines not of remorse . Bloudy Ioab , with what face , with what heart canst thou pursue a traitor to thy King , whiles thy selfe art so foule a traytor to thy friend , to thy cozen-german , and ( in so vnseasonable a slaughter ) to thy Soueraigne , whose cause thou professest to reuenge ? If Amasa were now in an act of loyalty , iustly ( on Gods part ) payd for the arerages of his late rebellion , yet that it should be done by thy hand , then , and thus , it was flagitiously cruell ; Yet , behold Ioab runnes away securely with the fact , hasting to plague that in another , whereof himselfe was no lesse guilty ; So vast are the gorges of some consciences , that they can swallow the greatest crimes , and finde no straine in the passage . It is possible for a man to be faithful to some one person , and perfidious to all others ; I doe not finde Ioab other then firme and loyall to Dauid , in the middest of all his priuate falshoods ; whose iust quarrell he pursues against Sheba , through all the Tribes of Israel . None of all the strong Forts of reuolted Israel can hide the Rebell from the zeale of his reuenge ▪ The Citie of Abel lends harbour to that conspirator , whom all Israel would , and cannot protect ; Ioab casts vp a Mount against it , and hauing inuironed it with a siege , begins to worke vpon the wall ; and now , after long chase , is in hand to digge out that Vermin , which had earth'd himself in this borough of Beth-maachah . Had not the Citie been strong and populous , Sheba had not cast himselfe for succor within those wals ; yet of all the inhabitants , I see not any one man moue for the preseruation of their whole body : Onely a woman vndertakes to treat with Ioab , for their safety : Those men whose spirits were great enough to maintaine a traytor against a mighty King , scorne not to giue way to the wisdome of a matrone ; There is no reason that Sex should disparage , where the vertue and merit is no lesse then masculine : Surely the soule acknowledgeth no Sexe , neither is varied according to the outward frame ; How oft haue wee knowne female hearts in the brests of Men ▪ and contrarily manly powers in the weaker vessels ? It is iniurious to measure the act by the person , and not rather to esteeme the person for the act . Shee , with no lesse prudence then courage challengeth Ioab for the violence of his assault ; and laies to him that law which he could not be an Israelite , and disauow ; the Law of the God of peace ; whose charge it was , that when they should come neere to a Citie to fight against it , they should offer it peace ; and if this tender must be made to forrainers , how much more to brethren ? So as they must inquire of Abel , ere they batter'd it ; Warre is the extreme act of vindicatiue iustice ; neither doth God euer approue it for any other then a desperate remedy ; and if it haue any other end then peace , it turnes into publique murder . It is therefore an inhumane crueltie to shed bloud , where wee haue not profered faire conditions of peace : the refusall whereof is iustly punished with the Sword of reuenge . Ioab was a man of bloud , yet when the wise woman of Abel charged him with going about to destroy a mother in Israel ; and swallowing vp the inheritance of the Lord , with what vehemencie doth he deprecate that challenge , God forbid , God forbid it me , that I should deuoure , or destroy it ; Although that citie with the rest had ingaged it selfe in Shebaes sedition , yet how zealously doth Ioab remoue from himselfe the suspicion of an intended vastation ? How fearfull shall their answer be , who vpon the quarrell of their owne ambition haue not spared to waste whole tribes of the Israel of God ? It was not the fashion of Dauids Captaines to assault any citie ere they summond it ; here they did ; There be some things that in the very fact carrie their owne conuiction ; So did Abel in the entertaining , and abetting a knowne conspirator ; Ioab challenges them for the offence , and requires no other satisfaction then the head of Sheba ; This Matrone had not deserued the name of Wife , and faithfull in Israel , if she had not both apprehended the iustice of the condition , and commended it to her Citizens ; whom she hath easily perswaded to spare their owne heads , in not sparing a Traitors ; It had beene pittie those walls should haue stood if they had beene too hie to throw a Traitors head ouer . Spiritually , the case is ours : Euery mans brest is as a citie inclosed ; Euery sinne is a traitor , that lurkes within those walls ; God calls to vs for Shebaes head ; neither hath he any quarrell to our person , but for our sinne : If we loue the head of our Traitor , aboue the life of our soule , we shall iustly perish in the vengeance : we cannot be more willing to part with our sin , then our mercifull God is to withdraw his iudgements . Now is Ioab returned with successe , and hopes by Shebaes head to paie the price of Amasaes bloud ; Dauid hates the murder , entertaines the man , defers the reuenge ; Ioab had made himselfe so great , so necessarie , that Dauid may neither misse , nor punish him : Policie led the King to conniue at that which his heart abhorred ; I dare not commend that wisdome which holds the hands of Princes from doing iustice ; Great men haue euer held it a point of worldly state , not alwaies to pay where they haue beene conscious to a debt of either fauour , or punishment ; but to make Time their seruant for both ; Salomon shall once defraie the arerages of his father ; In the meane time Ioab commands and prospers ; and Dauid is faine to smile on that face , whereon he hath in his secret destination written the characters of Death . The Gibeonites reuenged . THE raigne of Dauid was most troublesome towards the shutting vp ; wherein both warre and famine conspire to afflict him ; Almost fortie yeeres had he sate in the throne of Israel , with competencie , if not abundance of all things ; now at last are his people visited with a long dearth ; we are not at first sensible of common euils ; Three yeeres drought and scarcitie are gone ouer ere Dauid consults , with God , concerning ▪ the occasion of the iudgement , now he found it hie time to seeke the face of the Lord ; The continuance of an affliction sends vs to God , and calls vpon vs to aske for a reckoning ; Whereas like men strucken in their sleep , a sudden blow cannot make vs to finde our selues ; but rather astonisheth , then teacheth vs. Dauid was himselfe a Prophet of God , yet had not the Lord all this while acquainted him with the grounds of his proceedings against Israel ; this secret was hid from him , till he consulted with the Vrim ; Ordinarie meanes shall reueale that to him , which no vision had discryed ; And if God will haue Prophets to haue recourse vnto the Priests , for the notice of his will ; how much more must the people ? Euen those that are the inwardest with God must haue vse of the Ephod . Iustly is it presupposed by Dauid that there was neuer iudgement from God , where hath not beene a prouocation from men ; therefore when he sees the plague , he inquires for the sinne . Neuer man smarted causelesly from the hand of diuine iustice ; Oh that when we suffer , we could aske what we haue done ; and could guide our repentance to the root of our euils . That God whose counsells are secret , euen where his actions are open , will not be close to his Prophet , to his Priest : without inquirie we shall know nothing ; vpon inquirie nothing shall be concealed from vs , that is fit for vs to know . Who can choose but wonder at once both at Dauids slacknesse in consulting with God , and Gods speed in answering so slow a demand ? He that so well knew the way to Gods Oracle , suffers Israel to be three yeeres pinched with famine , ere he askes why they suffer ; Euen the best hearts may be ouertaken with dulnesse in holy duties ; But oh the maruellous mercy of our God , that takes not the aduantage of our weaknesses ; Dauids question is not more slow , then his answer is speedie , It is for Saul , and for his bloudie house , because he slew the Gibeonites . Israel was full of sinnes , besides those of Sauls house ; Sauls house was full of sinnes besides those of bloud ; Much bloud was shed by them besides that of the Gibeonites ; yet the iustice of God singles out this one sinne of violence offered to the Gibeonites ( contrary to the league made by Ioshua , some foure hundred yeeres before ) for the occasion of this late vengeance . Where the causes of offence are infinite , it is iust with God to pitch vpon some ; it is mercifull not to punish for all : Welneere fortie yeeres are past betwixt the commission of the sinne , and the reckoning for it . It is a vaine hope that is raised from the delay of iudgement ; No time can be any preiudice to the ancient of daies ; When we haue forgotten our sinnes , when the world hath forgotten vs , he sues vs afresh for our arerages . The slaughter of the Gibeonites was the sinne not of the present , but rather the former generation ; and now posteritie paies for their forefathers ; Euen we men hold it not vniust to sue the heires and executors of our debters ▪ Eternall paiments God vses only to require of the person , temporarie oft-times of succession . As Saul was higher by the head and shoulders then the rest of Israel , both in stature and dignitie , so were his sinnes more conspicuous then those of the vulgar . The eminence of the person makes the offence more remarkable to the eies both of God and men . Neither Saul nor Israel were faultlesse in other kindes ; yet God fixes the eie of his reuenge vpon the massacre of the Gibeonites , Euery sin hath a tongue , but that of bloud ouer cries ▪ and drownes the rest . He who is mercy it selfe abhorres crueltie in his creature aboue all other inordinatenesse ; That holy soule which was heauie pressed with the weight of an hainous adulterie , yet cries out , Deliuer me from bloud , O God , the God of my saluation , and my tongue shall sing ioyfully of thy righteousnesse . If God would take account of bloud , he might haue entred the action vpon the bloud of Vriah spilt by Dauid ; or ( if he would rather insist in Sauls house ) vpon the bloud of Ahimelech the Priest ; and fourescore and fiue persons that did weare a linnen Ephod ; but it pleased the wisdome and iustice of the Almightie rather to call for the bloud of the Gibeonites , though drudges of Israel , and a remnant of Amorites ; Why this ? There was a periurie attending vpon this slaughter ; It was an ancient oath , wherein the Princes of the Congregation had bound themselues ( vpon Iosua●s league ) to the Gibeonites , that they would suffer them to liue ; an oath extorted by fraud , but solemne , by no lesse name , then the Lord God of Israel ; Saul will now thus late either not acknowledge it ; or not keepe it ; out of his zeale therefore to the children of Israel , and Iudah , he roots out some of the Gibeonites , whether in a zeale of reuenge of their first imposture , or in a zeale of inlarging the possessions of Israel , or in a zeale of executing Gods charge vpon the brood of Canaanites , he that spared Agag whom he should haue smitten , smites the Gibeonites whom he should haue spared : Zeale and good intention is no excuse , much lesse a warrant for euill ; God holds it an hie indignitie that his name should be sworne by , and violated . Length of time cannot dispense with our oathes , with our vowes ; The vowes and oathes of others may binde vs , how much more our owne ? There was a famine in Israel ; a naturall man would haue ascribed it vnto the drought ; and that drought perhaps to some constellations ; Dauid knowes 〈◊〉 looke higher ; and sees a diuine hand scourging Israel for some great offence ; and ouer-ruling those second causes to his most iust executions . Euen the most quick-sighted worldling is pore-blinde to spirituall obiects ; and the weakest eyes of the regenerate pierce the Heauens , and espy God in all earthly occurrences . So well was Dauid acquainted with Gods proceedings , that hee knew the remouall of the iudgement must begin at the satisfaction of the wronged ; At once therefore doth he pray vnto God , and treat with the Gibeonites ; What shall I doe for you , and wherewith shall I make the attonement , that I may blesse the inheritance of the Lord ? In vaine should Dauid ( though a Prophet ) blesse Israel , if the Gibeonites did not blesse them : Iniuries done vs on earth giue vs power in heauen ; The oppressor is in no mans mercy but his whom he hath trampled vpon . Little did the Gibeonites thinke that God had so taken to heart their wrongs , that for their sakes all Israel should suffer . Euen when we thinke not of it , is the righteous Iudge auenging our vnrighteous vexations ; Our hard measures cannot be hid from him , his returns are hid from vs ; It is sufficient for vs , that God can be no more neglectiue then ignorant of our sufferings . It is now in the power of these despised Hiuites to make their own termes with Israel ; Neither Siluer , nor Gold will sauour with them towards their satisfaction ; Nothing can expiate the bloud of their fathers , but the bloud of seauen sonnes of their deceased persecutor ; Here was no other then a iust retaliation ; Saul had punished in them the offence of their predecessours ▪ they will now reuenge Sauls sinne in his children . The measure we mete vnto others , is with much equitie re-measured vnto our selues . Euery death would not content them , of Sauls sonnes , but a cursed and ignominious , hanging on the Tree ; Neither would that death content them , vnlesse their owne hands might be the executioners ; Neither would any place serue for the execution but Gibeah , the Court of Saul ; neither would they doe any of this for the wreaking of their owne fury , but for the appeasing of Gods wrath , We will hang them vp vnto the Lord in Gibeah of Saul . Dauid might not refuse the condition : Hee must deliuer , they must execute : Hee chooses out seuen of the sonnes , and grand-children of Saul ; That House had raysed long an vniust persecution against Dauid ; now God payes it vpon anothers score . Dauids loue and oath to Ionathan , preserues lame Mephibosheth ▪ How much more shall the Father of all mercies doe good vnto the children of the faithfull , for the couenant made with their Parents ? The fiue sonnes of Adriel the Meholathite , Dauids ancient riuall in his first loue , which were borne to him by Merab , Sauls Daughter , and brought vp by her barren sister Michol , the wife of Dauid , are yeelded vp to death ; Merab was after a promise of marriage to Dauid , vniustly giuen away by Saul , to Adriel ; Michol seemes to abet the match in breeding the children ; now in one act ( not of Dauids seeking ) the wrong is thus late auenged vpon Saul , Adriel , Merab , Michol , the children : It is a dangerous matter to offer iniury to any of Gods faithful ones ; If their meeknesse haue easily remitted it , their God will not passe it ouer without a seuere retribution . These fiue , together with two sonnes of Rizpah , Sauls concubine , are hanged vp at once before the Lord ; yea and before the eies of the World ; No place but an Hill will serue for this execution ; The acts of iustice as they are intended for example , so they should be done in that eminent fashion that may make them both most instructiue , and most terrifying ; Vnwarrantable courses of priuate reuenge seeke to hide their heads in secresie ; The beautifull face of iustice both affects the light , and becomes it . It was the generall charge of Gods Law that no corps should remaine all night vpon the gibbet ; The Almighty hath power to dispense with his owne command ; so doubtlesse hee did in this extraordinary case ; these carcasses did not defile , but expiate . Sorrowfull Rizpah spreads her a Tent of Sackcloth vpon the rocke , for a sad attendance vpon those sons of her wombe ; Death might bereaue her of them , not them of her loue ; This spectacle was not more grieuous to her , then pleasing to God , and happy to Israel ; Now the clouds drop fatnesse , and the earth runs forth into plenty . The Gibeonites are satisfied , God reconciled , Israel relieued . How blessed a thing it is for any Nation that iustice is vnpartially executed euen vpon the mighty . A few drops of bloud haue procured large showres from Heauen . A few carcasses are a rich compost to the earth ; The drought and dearth remoue away with the breath of those pledges of the offender ; Iudgements cannot tyrannize where iustice raignes : as contrarily , there can be no peace where bloud cries vnheard , vnregarded . The Numbring of the people . ISRAEL was growne wanton and mutinous ; God pulls them downe first by the sword , then by famine , now by pestilence ; Oh the wondrous , and yet iust waies of the Almightie ! Because Israel hath sinned , therefore Dauid shall sinne that Israel may be punished ; Because God is angrie with Israel , therefore Dauid shall anger him more , and strike himselfe in Israel , and Israel through himselfe . The spirit of God else-where ascribes this motion to Satan , which here it attributes to God ; Both had their hand in the worke ; God by permission , Satan by suggestion ; God as a Iudge , Satan as an enemie : God as in a iust punishment for sin , Satan as in an act of sinne ; God in a wise ordination of it to good ; Satan in a malicious intent of confusion ; Thus at once God moued , and Satan moued ; Neither is it any excuse to Satan or Dauid , that God moued ; neither is it any blemish to God , that Satan moued ; The rulers sinne is a punishment to a wicked people : though they had many sinnes of their owne , whereon God might haue grounded a iudgement , yet as before he had punisht them with dearth for Sauls sinne , so now he will not punish them with plague , but for Dauids sin ; If God were not angrie with a people , he would not giue vp their gouernours to such euills as whereby he is prouoked to vengeance ; and if their gouernours be thus giuen vp , the people cannot be safe ; The body drownes not whiles the head is aboue the water ; when that once sinkes ▪ death is neere , Iustly therefore ere we charged to make praiers and supplications , as for all , so especially for those that are in eminent authoritie ▪ when we pray for our selues , we pray not alwaies for them , but we cannot pray for them , and not pray for our selues ; the publique weale is not comprised in the priuate , but the priuate in the publique . What then was Dauids sinne ? He will needs haue Israel and Iudah numbred : Surely there is no malignitie in numbers ; Neither is it vnfit for a Prince to know his owne strength ; this is not the first time that Israel hath gone vnder a reckoning ▪ The act offends not , but the mis-affection ; The same thing had beene commendably done out of a Princely prouidence , which now through the curiositie , pride , mis-confidence of the doer proues hainously vicious ; Those actions which are in themselues indifferent , receiue either their life , or their bane from the intentions of the agent . Moses numbreth the people with thankes , Dauid with displeasure : Those sins which carrie the smoothest forheads , and haue the most honest appearances , may more prouoke the wrath of God , then those which beare the most abomination in their faces . How many thousand wickednesses passed through the hands of Israel , which we men would rather haue branded out for a iudgement , then this of Dauids ? The righteous Iudge of the world censures sinnes , not by their ill looks , but by their soule hearts . Who can but wonder to see Ioab the Saint , and Dauid the trespasser ? No Prophet could speake better then that man of bloud ; The Lord thy God increase the people an hundred fold more then they be ; and that the eies of my Lord the King may see it ; But why doth my Lord the King desire this thing ? There is no man so lewd as not to be sometimes in good moods , as not to dislike some euill ; contrarily no man on earth can be so holy , as not sometimes to ouerlash , It were pittie that either Ioab or Dauid should be tried by euery act ; How commonly haue we seene those men ready to giue good aduice to others for the auoiding of some sinnes ; who in more grosse ▪ outrages haue not had grace to counsell their owne hearts ? The same man that had deserued death from Dauid for his trecherous cruelty , disswades Dauid from an act that carried but a suspition of euill ; It is not so much to be regarded who it is that admonisheth vs , as what he brings ; Good counsell is neuer the worse for the ▪ foule carriage ▪ There are some dishes that we may eate euen from sluttish hands . The purpose of sinne in a faithfull man is odious , much more the resolution : Notwithstanding Ioabs discreet admonition Dauid will hold on his course ; and will know the number of the people , only that he may know it ; Ioab and the Captaines addresse themselues to the worke : In things which are not in themselues euill , it is not for subiects to dispute but to obey ; That which authoritie may sinne in commanding , is done of the inferiour , not with safetie only , but with praise . Nine moneths and twentie daies is this generall muster in hand ; at last the number is brought in ; Israel is found eight hundred thousand strong , Iudah fiue hundred thousand ; the ordinarie companies which serued by course for the roiall gard ( foure and twentie thousand each moneth ) needed not be reckoned ; the addition of them with their seuerall Captaines raises the summe of Israel to the rate of eleuen hundred thousand . A power able to puffe vp a carnall heart ; but how can an heart that is more then flesh trust to an arme of flesh ? Oh holy Dauid , whither hath a glorious vanitie transported thee ? Thou which once didst sing so sweetly , Put not your trust in Princes , nor in the sonne of man , for there is no helpe in him . His breath departeth , and he returneth to his earth , then his thoughts perish ; Blessed is he that hath the God of Iacob for his helpe , whose hope is in the Lord his God ; How canst thou now stoope to so vnsafe and vnworthy a confidence ? As some stomackfull horse that will not be stopt in his career with the sharpest bit , but runs on heddily till he come to some wall , or ditch , and then stands still and trembles ; so did Dauid ; All the disswasions of Ioab could not restraine him from his intended course ; almost ten moneths doth he run on impetuously , in a way of his owne , rough and dangerous , at last his heart smites him ; the conscience of his offence , and the feare of iudgment haue fetcht him vpon his knees , O Lord I haue sinned exceedingly in that I haue done ; therefore now ▪ Lord , I beseech thee take away the trespasse of thy seruant , for I haue done very foolishly . It is possible for a sinne not to baite only , but to soiourne in the holiest soule ; but though it soiourne there as a stranger , it shall not dwell there as an owner . The renewed heart after some rouings of error will once ( ere ouer-long ) returne home to it selfe , and fall out with that ill guide , wherewith it was misled , and with it selfe for being misled ; and now it is resolued into teares , and breathes forth nothing but sighes , and confessions , and deprecations . Heere needed no Nathan by a parabolicall circumlocution to fetch in Dauid to a sight , and acknowledgement of his sin ; The heart of the penitent supplied the Prophet ; no others tongue could smite him so deep as his owne thoughts ; But though his reines chastisd him in the night , yet his Seer scourges him in the morning , Thus saith the Lord , I offer thee three things , choose thee which of them I shall doe vnto thee . But what shall we say to this ? When vpon the Prophets reproofe for an adulterie cloked with murder , Dauid did but say , I haue sinned , it was presently returned , God hath put away thy sinne ; neither did any smart follow , but the death of a mis-begotten infant ; and now when he voluntarily reproued himselfe for but a needlesse muster , and sought for pardon vnbidden with great humiliation , God sends him three terrible scourges , famine , sword , or pestilence ; that he may choose with which of them he had rather to bleed ▪ he shall haue the fauour of an election , not of a remission . God is more angred with a spirituall , and immediate affront offred to his Maiestie , in our pride , and false confidence in earthly things , then with a fleshly crime though hainously seconded . It was an hard and wofull choice ; of three yeeres famine added to the three fore-past ; or of three moneths flight from the sword of an enemie , or three daies pestilence ; The Almightie that had fore determined his iudgement , referres it to Dauids will as fully , as if it were vtterly vndetermined , God hath resolued , yet Dauid may choose ; That infinite wisdome hath foreseene the very will of his creature ; which whiles it freely inclines it selfe to what it had rather , vnwittingly wills that which was fore-appointed in heauen . We doe well beleeue thee , ô Dauid , that thou wert in a wonderfull straite ; this very libertie is no other then fetters ▪ Thou needst not haue famine , thou needst not haue the sword , thou needst not haue pestilence ; one of them thou must haue ; There is miserie in all , there is miserie in any ; thou and thy people can die but once ; and once they must die , either by famine , warre , or pestilence . Oh God , how vainely doe we hope to passe ouer our sinnes with impunitie , when all the fauour that Dauid and Israel can receiue is to choose their bane ? Yet behold , neither sinnes , nor threats , nor feares can bereaue a true penitent of his faith , Let vs fall now into the hands of the Lord , for his mercies are great . There can be no euill of punishment wherein God hath not an hand ; there could be no famine , no sword without him ; but some euils are more immediate from a diuine stroke ; such was that plague into which Dauid is vnwillingly willing to fal , He had his choyce of dayes , moneths , yeares in the same number ; and though the shortnesse of time prefixed to the threatned pestilence might seeme to offer some aduantage for the leading of his election , yet God meant ( and Dauid knew it ) herein to proportion the difference of time to the violence of the plague ; neither should any fewer perish by so few daies pestilence , then by so many yeares famine : The wealthiest might auoyd the dearth , the swiftest might run away from the Sword ; no man could promise himselfe safetie from that pestilence : In likelihood Gods Angell would rather strike the most guiltie ; How euer therefore Dauid might well looke to be in wrapped in the common destruction , yet he rather chooses to fal into that mercy which he had abused , and to suffer from that iustice which he had prouoked ; Let vs now fall into the hands of the Lord. Humble confessions , and deuout penance cannot alwaies auert temporall iudgements ; Gods Angell is abroad , and within that short compasse of time sweepes away seuentie thousand Israelites ; Dauid was proud of the number of his subiects , now they are abated ; that he may see cause of humiliation in the matter of his glory ; In what we haue offended , wee commonly smart ; These thousands of Israel were not so innocent , that they should onely perish for Dauids sinne ; Their sins were the motiues both of this sinne , and punishment ; besides the respect of Dauids offence , they die for themselues . It was no ordinary pestilence that was thus suddenly and vniuersally mortall ; Common eyes saw the botch , and the markes , saw not the Angell ; Dauids clearer sight hath espyed him ( after that killing peragration through the Tribes of Israel ) shaking his sword ouer Ierusalem , and houering ouer Mount Sion ; and now he who doubtlesse had spent those three dismall daies in the saddest contrition , humbly casts himselfe downe at the feete of the auenger , and layes himselfe ready for the fatall stroke of iustice ; It was more terror that God intended in the visible shape of his Angell , and deeper humiliation ; and what hee meant , hee wrought ; Neuer Soule could be more deiected , more anguished with the sense of a iudgement ; in the bitternesse whereof hee cryes out , Behold I haue sinned , yea I haue done wickedly ; But these Sheepe what haue they done ? Let thine hand , I pray thee , be against me , and against my fathers house . The better any man is , the more sensible hee is of his owne wretchednesse ; Many of those Sheepe were Wolues to Dauid ; What had they done ? They had done that which was the occasion of Dauids sinne , and the cause of their owne punishment ; But that gracious penitent knew his owne sinne , he knew not theirs ; and therefore can say , I haue sinned , What haue they done ? It is safe accusing , where we may be boldest , and are best acquainted , our selues . Oh the admirable charitie of Dauid , that would haue ingrossed the plague to himselfe , and his house , from the rest of Israel ; and sues to interpose himselfe betwixt his people and the vengeance ; Hee that had put himselfe vpon the pawes of the Beare , and Lion , for the rescue of his Sheepe , will now cast himselfe vpon the sword of the Angell , for the preseruation of Israel ; There was hope in those conflicts ; in this yeeldance there could be nothing but death ; Thus didst thou , O sonne of Dauid , the true and great Shepheard of thy Church , offer thy selfe to death for them who had their hands in thy bloud ; who both procured thy death , and deserued their owne . Here hee offred himselfe that had sinned , for those whom hee professeth to haue not done euill ; thou that didst no sinne , vouchsauedst to offer thy selfe for vs , that were all sinne ; He offered and escaped , thou offeredst , and diedst ; and by thy death wee liue , and are freed from euerlasting destruction . But , O Father of all mercies , how little pleasure doest thou take in the bloud of sinners ? it was thine owne pitty that inhibited the destroyer ; Ere Dauid could see the Angell , thou hadst restrayned him ; It is sufficient , hold now thine hand ; If thy compassion did not both withhold and abridge thy iudgements , what place were there for vs out of hell ? How easie and iust had it been for God to haue made the shutting vp of that third euening red with bloud ? His goodnesse repents of the slaughter ; and cals for that Sacrifice wherwith he will be appeased ; An Altar must bee built in the threshing-floore of Araunah the Iebusite ; Lo , in that very Hill where the Angel held the sword of Abraham from killing his Sonne , doth God now hold the Sword of the Angell from killing his people ; Vpon this very ground shall the Temple , after , stand ; heere shall be the holy Altar , which shall send vp the acceptable oblations of Gods people in succeeding generations . O God , what was the threshing-floore of a Iebusite to thee aboue all other soyles ? What vertue , what merit was in this earth ? As in places , so in persons , it is not to be heeded what they are , but what thou wilt ; That is worthiest which thou pleasest to accept . Rich and bountifull Araunah is ready to meete Dauid in so holy a motion ; and munificently offers his Sion for the place , his Oxen for the Sacrifice , his Carts and Ploughes , and other Vtensils of his Husbandry for the wood ; Two franke hearts are well met ; Dauid would buy , Araunah would giue ; The Iebusite would not sell , Dauid will not take : Since it was for God , and to Dauid , Araunah is loth to bargaine : Since it was for God , Dauid wisheth to pay deare , I will not offer burnt Offering to the Lord my God , of that which doth cost mee nothing ; Heroicall spirits doe well become eminent persons ; Hee that knew it was better to giue then receiue , would not receiue but giue ; There can be no deuotion in a niggardly heart ; As vnto dainty palates , so to the godly soule , that tastes sweetest that costs most ; Nothing is deare enough for the Creator of all things . It is an heartlesse piety of those base-minded Christians , that care onely to serue God good cheape . Contemplations . THE SEVENTEENTH BOOKE . Adonijah defeated . Dauids end and Salomons beginning . The execution of Ioab and Shimei . Salomons choice , with his iudgement vpon the two Harlots . The Temple . Salomon with the Queene of Sheba . Salomons Defection . TO MY WORTHILY MVCH HONOVRED FRIEND Sr HENRY MILDMAY Knight , Master of the Iewell-house ; all grace and peace . SIR , Besides all priuate obligations , your very name challengeth from me all due seruices of loue , and honour ; If I haue receiued mercy to beare any fruit , next vnder heauen , I may thanke the stocke wherein I was ymped ; which was set by no other then the happie hand of your right Honorable Grandfather ; How haue I so long forborne the publique Testimonie of my iust gratulations , and thankfull respects to so true an heire of his noble vertues . Pardon me that I pay this debt so late ; and accept of this parcell of my well-meant labours ; Wherein you shall see SALOMON both in his rising and setting ; his rising hopefull and glorious , his declination fearefull ; You shall see the proofes of his early graces ; of mercie , in sparing ADONIIAH , and ABIATHAR ; of iustice , in punishing that riuall of his , with IOAB , and SHIMEI ; of wisdome , in his award betwixt the two harlots , and the administration of his Court , and state : of pietie , in building and hallowing the Temple ; all dashed in his fall , repaired in his repentance . I haue no cause to misdoubt either the acceptation , or vse of these mine hie pitched thoughts ; which , together with your selfe , and your worthy and vertuous Lady , I humbly commend to the care and blessing of the hiest ; who am bound by your worth and merits to be euer Your syncerely , and thankfully deuoted in all obseruance , IOS : HALL . Contemplations . ADONIJAH Defeated . DAVID had not so carefully husbanded his yeeres , as to maintaine a vigorous age ; he was therefore what through warres , what with sorrowes , what with sicknesse , decrepit betimes ; By that time he was seuentie yeeres old , his naturall heate was so wasted , that his clothes could not warme him ; how many haue we knowne of more strength , at more age ? The holiest soule dwells not in an inpregnable fort ; If the reuenging Angell spared Dauid , yet age and Death will not spare him ; Neither his new altar , nor his costly sacrifice can be of force against decay of nature ; Nothing but death can preuent the weaknesses of age . None can blame a people if when they haue a good King , they are desirous to hold him ; Dauids seruants and subiects haue commended vnto his bed a faire young virgin ; not for the heat of lust , but of life ; that by this meanes they might make an outward supplie of fuell for that vitall fire which was well-neere extinguished with age . As it is in the market , or the stage , so it is in our life ; One goes in , another comes out ; when Dauid was withering , Adonijah was in his blossome ; That sonne , as he was next to Absalom both in the beautie of his body , and the time of his birth , so , was he too like him in practise ; He also taking aduantage of his fathers infirmitie , will be caruing himselfe of the kingdome of Israel ; That he might no whit vary from his patterne , he gets him also Charets and horse-men , and fiftie men to run before him : These two , Absalom and Adonijah were the darlings of their father ; Their father had not displeased them from their childhood , therefore they both displeased him in his age ; Those children had need to be very gracious , that are not marred with pampering ; It is more then God owes vs , if we receiue comfort in those children whom we haue ouer-loued ; The indulgence of parents at last paies them home in crosses . It is true that Adonijah was Dauids ▪ eldest sonne now remaining , and therefore might seeme to challenge the iustest title to the Crowne ; But the kingdome of Israel ( in so late an erection ) had not yet knowne the right of succession : God himselfe that had ordained the gouernment , was as yet the immediate elector ; He fetcht Saul from among the stuffe , and Dauid from the sheepfold ; and had now appointed Salomon from the ferule , to the Scepter . And if Adonijah ( which is vnlike ) had not knowne this , yet it had beene his part to haue taken his father with him in this claime of his succession ; and not so to preuent a brother , that he should shoulder out a father ; and not so violently to preoccupate the throne , that he should rather be a rebell , then an heire . As Absalom , so Adonijah wants not furtherers in this vsurpation , whether spirituall , or temporall ; Ioab the Generall , and Abiathar the Priest giue both counsell , and aid to so vnseasonable a challenge ; These two had beene firme to Dauid in all his troubles , in all insurrections ; yet now finding him fastned to the bed of age , and death , they shew themselues thus slipperie in the loose ; Outward happinesse and friendship are not knowne till our last act . In the impotencie of either our reuenge or recompence , it will easily appeare who loued vs for our selues , who for their owne ends . Had not Adonijah knowne that Salomon was designed to the kingdome both by God , and Dauid , he had neuer inuited all the rest of the Kings sonnes , his brethren , and left out Salomon ; who was otherwise the most vnlikely to haue beene his riuall in this honour ; all the rest were elder then he ; and might therefore haue had more pretence for their competition : Doubtlesse the Court of Israel could not but know , that immediately vpon the birth of Salomon , God sent him by Nathan the Prophet , a name and message of loue ; neither was it for nothing that God called him Iedidiah ; and fore-promised him the honour of building an house to his Name ; and ( in returne of so glorious a seruice ) the establishment of the throne of his kingdome ouer Israel for euer ; Notwithstanding all which , Adonijah backed by the strength of a Ioab , and the grauitie of an Abiathar , will vnder-worke Salomon , and iustle into the not-yet-vacant seat of his father Dauid . Vaine men , whiles like proud and yet brittle clay , they will be knocking their sides against the solid , and eternall decree of God , break themselues in peeces . I doe not finde that Adonijah sent any message of threats , or vnkindnesse to Zadok the Priest , or Nathan the Prophet , or Benaiah the sonne of Iehoiada , and the other worthies ; only he inuited them not to his feast with the Kings sonnes , and seruants ; Sometimes a very omission is an affront , and a menace . They well knew that since they were not called as guests , they were counted as enemies ; Ceremonies of curtesie , though they be in themselues sleight , and arbitrarie , yet the neglect of them in some cases may vndergoe a dangerous construction . Nathan was the man by whom God had sent that errand of grace to Dauid , concerning Salomon , assuring him both to raigne , and prosper ; yet now when Adonijahs plot was thus on foot , he doth not sit still , and depend vpon the issue of Gods decree , but he bestirres him in the businesse , and consults with Bathsheba how at once to saue their liues , and to aduance Salomon , and defeate Adonijah ; Gods pre-determination includes the meanes as well as the end ; the same prouidence that had ordained a crowne to Salomon , a repulse to Adonijah , preseruation to Bathsheba and Nathan , had fore-appointed the wise and industrious endeuours of the Prophet to bring about his iust , and holy purposes ; If we would not haue God wanting to vs , we must not be wanting to our selues : Euen when we know what God hath meant to vs , we may not be negligent . The Prophets of God did not looke for reuelation in all their affaires , in some things they were left to the counsell of their owne hearts ; the policie of Nathan was of vse as well as his prophecie : that alone hath turned the streame into the right channell ; Nothing could be more wisely contriued then the sending in of Bathsheba to Dauid , with so seasonable and forceable an expostulation , and the seconding of hers with his owne . Though lust were dead in Dauid , yet the respects of his old matrimoniall loue liued still ; the very presence of Bathsheba pleaded strongly ; but her speech more ; the time was , when his affection offended in excesse towards her being then anothers ; he cannot now neglect her being his owne ; and if either his age , or the remorse of his old offence should haue set him off ; yet she knew his oath was sure ; My Lord thou swarest by the Lord thy God vnto thine handmaid , saying , Assuredly Salomon thy sonne shall raigne after me , and he shall sit vpon my throne ; His word had beene firme , but his oath was inuiolable ; we are engaged if we haue promised , but if we haue sworne , we are bound . Neither heauen nor earth hath any gieues for that man that can shake off the fetters of an oath ; for he cares not for that God whom he dares inuoke to a falshood ; and he that cares not for God , will not care for man. Ere Bathsheba can be ouer the threshold , Nathan ( vpon compact ) is knocking at the doore . Gods Prophet was neuer but welcome to the bed-chamber of King Dauid ; In a seemiug strangenesse he falls vpon the same suit , vpon the same complaint with Bathsheba : Honest policies doe not mis-become the holiest Prophets ; She might seeme to speake as a woman , as a mother , out of passion ; the word of a Prophet could not be misdoubted ; He therefore that had formerly brought to Dauid that chiding and bloudy message concerning Bathsheba , comes now to Dauid , to sue for the life and honour of Bathsheba , and he that was sent from God ( to Dauid ) to bring the newes of a gracious promise of fauour vnto Salomon , comes now to challenge the execution of it from the hands of a father ; and he whose place freed him from suspicion of a faction , complaines of the insolent demeanure and proclamation of Adonijah ; What he began with an humble obeysance , shutting vp in a lowly and louing expostulation , Is this thing done by my Lord the King , and thou hast not shewed thy seruant who should sit on the Throne of my Lord the King after him ? As Nathan was of Gods counsell vnto Dauid , so was he of Dauids Counsell both to God , and the State ; As God therefore vpon all occasions told Nathan what he meant to doe with Dauid , so had Dauid wont to tell Nathan what he meant to doe in his holy and most important ciuill affaires . There are cases wherein it is not vnfit for Gods Prophets to meddle with matters of State ; It is no disparagement to religious Princes to impart their counsels vnto them , who can requite them with the counsels of God. That wood which a single yron could not riue , is soone splitted with a double wedge ; The seasonable importunitie of Bathsheba and Nathan , thus seconding each other , hath so wrought vpon Dauid , that now his loue to Adonijah giues place to indignation , nature to an holy fidelitie ; and now he renewes his ancient oath to Bathsheba with a passionate solemnitie ; As the Lord liueth , who hath redeemed my soule out of all aduersitie , euen as I sware vnto thee by the Lord God of Israel , saying , Assuredly Salomon thy sonne shall reigne after me , and he shall sit vpon my throne in my stead ; so will I certainly doe this day ; In the decay of Dauids body I finde not his intellectiue powers any whit impaired : As one therefore that from his bed could with a perfect ( if weake ) hand stere the gouernment of Israel ; he giues wise and full directions for the inauguration of Salomon ; Zadok the Priest , and Nathan the Prophet , and Benaiah the Captaine receiue his graue and Princely charge for the carriage of that so weightie a businesse . They are commanded to take with them the royall gard , to set Salomon vpon his fathers Mule , to carry him downe in state to Gihon , to anoint him with the holy oile of the Tabernacle , to sound the trumpets and proclaime him in the streets , to bring him backe with triumph and magnificence to the Court , and to set him in the royall Throne with all the due ceremonies of Coronation . How pleasing was this command to them who in Salomons glorie saw their owne safetie ? Benaiah applauds it , and not fearing a fathers enuie , in Dauids presence wisheth Salomons throne exalted aboue his ; The people are rauished with the ioy of so hopefull a succession ; and breake the earth , and fill the heauen with the noise of their Musicke and shoutings . Salomons guests had now at last better cheere then Adonijahs ; whose feast ( as all wicked mens ) ended in horror ; No sooner are their bellies full of meat , then their eares are full of the sound of those trumpets , which at once proclaime Salomons triumph , and their confusion ; Euer after the meale is ended comes the reckoning ; God could as easily haue preuented this iollitie , as marred it ; But he willingly suffers vaine men to please themselues for the time in the conceited successe of their owne proiects , that afterwards their disappointment may be so much more grieuous ; No doubt , at this feast there was many an health drunke to Adonijah , many a confident boast of their prospering designe , many a scorne of the despised faction of Salomon ; and now for their last dish is serued vp astonishment , and fearefull expectation of a iust reuenge . Ionathan , the sonne of Abiathar the Priest , brings the newes of Salomons solemne and ioyfull enthronization ; now all hearts are cold , all faces pale ; and euery man hath but life enough to run away ; How suddenly is this brauing troupe dispersed ? Adonijah their new Prince flies to the hornes of the Altar , as distrusting all hopes of life , saue the Sanctitie of the place , and the mercie of his riuall . So doth the wise and iust God befoole proud and insolent sinners in those secret plots , wherein they hope to vndermine the true sonne of Dauid , the Prince of peace ; he suffers them to lay their heads together and to feast themselues in a iocund securitie , and promise of successe ; at last , when they are at the height of their ioyes , and hopes , he confounds all their deuices , and laies them open to the scorne of the world , and to the anguish of their owne guiltie hearts . Dauids end , and Salomons beginning . IT well became Salomon to begin his raigne in peace . Adonijah receiues pardon vpon his good behauiour , and finds the throne of Salomon , as safe as the Altar . Dauid liues to see a wise sonne warme in his seat , and now hee that had yeelded to succession yeelds to nature . Many good counsels had Dauid giuen his heire ; now hee summes them vp in his end . Dying words are wont to be weightiest ; The Soule when it is entring into glory breathes nothing but diuine . I goe the way of all the earth ; How well is that princely heart content to subscribe to the conditions of humane mortalitie ; as one that knew Soueraigntie doth not reach to the affaires of nature ? Though a King , he neither expects , nor desires an immunity from dissolution ; making not account to goe in any other then the common tracke , to the vniuersall home of mankinde , the house of age ; Whither should earth but to earth ? and why should wee grudge to doe that , which all doe ? Be thou strong therefore , and shew thy selfe a man , Euen when his spirit was going out , he puts spirit into his Sonne ; Age puts life into youth , and the dying animates the vigorous . He had well found that strength was requisite to gouernment ; that he had need to be no lesse then a man that should rule ouer men ; If greatnesse should neuer receiue any opposition , yet those worlds of cares , and businesses that attend the chayre of State , are able to ouer-lay any meane powers ; A weake man may obey , none but the strong can gouerne . Gracelesse courage were but the whet-stone of tyranny ; Take heed therefore to the charge of the Lord thy God , to walke in his wayes , and to keepe his Statutes . The best legacy that Dauid bequeathes to his heire , is the care of piety ; himselfe had found the sweetnesse of a good conscience , and now hee commends it to his successor . If there be any thing that in our desires of the prosperous condition of our children , takes place of goodnesse , our hearts are not vpright . Here was the father a King , charging the King his sonne to keepe the Statutes of the King of Kings ; as one that knew greatnesse could neither exempt from obedience , nor priuiledge sinne ; as one that knew the least deuiation in the greatest and hiest Orbe , is both most sensible , and most dangerous : Neither would he haue his sonne to looke for any prosperity , saue onely from well-doing ; That happinesse is built vpon sands or Ice , which is raised vpon any foundation besides vertue . If Salomon were wise , Dauid was good ; and if old Salomon had well remembred the counsell of old Dauid , hee had not so foulely mis-carried . After the precepts of pietie , follow those of iustice ; distributing in a due recompence , as reuenge to Ioab and Shimei , so fauour to the house of Barzillai . The bloudinesse of Ioab had lien long vpon Dauids heart ; the hideous noyse of those treacherous murders , as it had pierced heauen , so it still filled the eares of Dauid ; He could abhorre that villanie , though hee could not reuenge it ; What hee cannot pay , he will owe , and approue himselfe at last a faithfull debtor : Now he will defray it by the hand of Salomon . The slaughter was of Abner , and Amasa , Dauid appropriates it ; Thou knowest what Ioab did to mee : The Soueraigne is smitten in the Subject ; Neither is it other then iust , that the arraignement of meane malefactors runnes in the stil● of wrong to the Kings Crowne and dignitie : How much more doest thou , O sonne of Dauid , take to thy selfe those insolencies which are done to thy poorest subiects , seruants , sonnes , members here vpon earth ? No Saul can touch a Christian here below , but thou feelest it in heauen , and complainest . But , what shall we thinke of this ? Dauid was a man of war , Salomon a King of peace ; yet Dauid referres this reuenge to Salomon , How iust it was that he who shed the bloud of warre in peace , and put the bloud of war vpon his girdle that was about his loynes , should haue his bloud shed in peace , by a Prince of peace ; Peace is fittest to rectifie the out-rages of Warre ; Or whether is not this done in type of that diuine administration , wherein thou , O Father of heauen , hast committed all iudgement vnto thine eternall sonne ? Thou who couldst immediately either plague , or absolue sinners , wilt doe neither but by the hand of a Mediator . Salomon learned betimes what his ripenesse taught afterwards , Take away the wicked from the King , and his Throne shall be established in righteousnesse ; Cruell Ioab , and malicious Shimei , must be therefore vpon the first opportunity remoued ; The one lay open to present iustice , for abetting the conspiracy of Adonijah ; neither needes the helpe of time for a new aduantage ; The other went vnder the protection of an oath from Dauid , and therefore must be fetcht in vpon a new challenge . The hoare head of both must be brought to the graue with bloud ; else Dauids head could not be brought to his graue in peace ; Due punishment of malefactors is the debt of authoritie ; If that holy King haue run into arerages ; yet as one that hates and feares to breake the banke , he giues order to his pay-master ; It shall be defraid , if not by him , yet for him . Generous natures cannot be vnthankfull : Barzillai had shewed Dauid some kindnesse in his extremitie ; and now the good man will haue posteritie to inherit the thankes . How much more bountifull is the Father of mercies , in the remuneration of our poore vnworthy seruices ? Euen successions of generations shall fare the better for one good parent . The dying words and thoughts of the man after Gods owne heart did not confine themselues to the straites of these particular charges , but inlarged themselues to the care of Gods publique seruice ; As good men are best at last , Dauid did neuer so busily , and carefully marshall the affaires of God , as when he was fixed to the bed of his age and death . Then did he lode his sonne Salomon with the charge of building the house of God ; then did he lay before the eies of his sonne the modell and patterne of that whole sacred worke whereof if Salomon beare the name , yet Dauid no lesse merits it : He now giues the platforme of the Courts , and buildings ; He giues the gold and siluer for that holy vse ; an hundred thousand talents of Gold , a thousand thousand talents of Siluer ; besides brasse and yron passing weight ; He weighes out those precious mettalls for their seuerall designements ; Euery future vessell is laid out already in his poise , if not in his forme ; He excites the Princes of Israel to their assistance , in so high a worke ; He takes notice of their bountifull offerings ; He numbers vp the Leuites for the publique seruice ; and sets them their taskes . He appoints the Singers , and other Musitians to their stations ; the Porters to the Gates that should be ; And now when he hath set all things in a desired order , and forwardnesse , he shuts vp with a zealous blessing of his Salomon , and his people , and sleepe with his fathers . Oh blessed soule , how quiet a possession hast thou now taken ( after so many tumults ) of a better Crowne ! Thou that hast prepared all things for the house of thy God , how happily art thou now welcomed to that house of his , not made with hands , eternall in the heauens ! Who now shall enuie vnto good Princes the honour of ouerseeing the businesses of God , and his Church ; when Dauid was thus punctuall in these diuine prouisions ? What feare can be of vsurpation where they haue so glorious a precedent ? Now is Salomon the second time crowned King of Israel ; and now in his owne right ( as formerly in his fathers ) sits peaceably vpon the Throne of the Lord ; His awe and power come on faster then his yeeres ; Enuie and ambition where it is once kindled , may sooner be hid in the ashes , then quite put out ; Adonijah yet hangs after his old hopes ; He remembers how sweet he found the name of a King ; and now hath laid a new plot for the setting vp of his crackt title ; He would make the bed a step to the throne ; His old complices are sure enough ; His part would gather much strength , if he might inioy Abishag the relict of his father , to wife ; If it were not the Iewish fashion ( as is pretended ) that a Kings widow should mary none but a King ; yet certainly the power both of the alliance , and friendship of a Queene must needs not a little aduance his purpose ; The craftie riuall dare not either moue the suit to Salomon , or effect the mariage without him ; but would cunningly vndermine the sonne by the suit of that mother , whose suit had vndermined him . The weaker vessells are commonly vsed in the most dangerous suggestions of euill . Bathsheba was so wise a woman that some of her counsels are canonized for diuine , yet she saw not the depth of this drift of Adonijah ; therefore she both entertaines the suit , and moues it : But what euer were the intent of the suitor , could she choose but see the vnlawfulnesse of so incestuous a match ? It is not long since she saw her late husband Dauid abominating the bed of those his Concubines , that had beene touched by his sonne Absalom ; and can she hold it lawfull that his son Adonijah should climbe vp to the bed of his fathers wife ? Sometimes euen the best eies are dimme , and discerne not those things which are obuious to weaker sights : Or whether did not Bathsheba well see the foulenesse of the suit , and yet in compassion of Adonijahs late repulse ( wherein she was the chiefe agent ) and in a desire to make him amends for the losse of the kingdome , she yeelds euen thus to gratifie him . It is an iniurious weaknesse to be drawne vpon any by-respects to the furtherance of faultie suits , of vnlawfull actions . No sooner doth Bathsheba come in place , then Salomon her sonne rises from his chaire of State and meets her and bowes to her , and sets her on his right hand ; as not so remembring himselfe to be a King , that he should forget he was a sonne . No outward dignitie can take away the rights and obligations of nature ; Had Bathsheba beene as meane , as Salomon was mightie , she had carried away this honour from a gracious sonne : Yet for all these due complements , Bathsheba goes away with a deniall , Reuerence she shall haue , she shall not haue a condescent . In the acts of Magistracie , all regards of naturall relations must giue way ; That which she propounded as a small request , is now , after a generall and confused ingagement reiected as vnreasonable . It were pittie we should be heard in all our suits . Bathsheba makes a petition against her selfe , and knowes it not ; her safetie and life depends vpon Salomons raigne , yet she vnwittingly moues for the aduancement of Adonijah . Salomon was too dutifull to checke his mother , and too wise to yeeld to her : In vnfit supplications wee are most heard when we are repelled . Thus doth our God many times answer our praiers with mercifull denials and most blesseth vs in crossing our desires . Wise Salomon doth not finde himselfe perplexed with the scruple of his promise ; he that had said Aske on , for I will not say thee nay , can now sweare , God doe so to me , and more also , if Adonijah haue not spoken this word against his owne life ▪ His promise was according to his supposition ; his supposition was of no other then of a suit , honest , reasonable , expedient ; now he holds himselfe free from that grant , wherein there was at once both sinne and danger . No man can be intangled with generall words against his own iust and honest intentions . The policies of wicked men befoole them at last ; this intercession hath vndone Adonijah , and in stead of the Throne , hastens his graue : The sword of Benaiah puts an end to that dangerous riualitie . Ioab and Abiatbar still held Champerty with Adonijah ; Their hand was both in his claime of the kingdome , and in the suit for Abishag ; There are crimes wherein there are no accessories , such is this of treason . Abiathar may thanke his burden that he liues ; Had he not borne the Arke of the Lord before Dauid , he had not now carried his head vpon his shoulders ; Had he not beene afflicted with Dauid , he had perished with Adonijah ; now though he were , in his owne merit , a man of death , yet he shall furuiue his partners , Get thee to Anathoth vnto thine owne fields ; The Priesthood of Abiathar , as it aggrauated his crime , so it shall preserue his life : Such honour haue good Princes giuen to the Ministers of the Sanctuarie , that their very coate hath beene defence enough against the sword of iustice ; how much more should it be of proofe against the contempt of base persons ? Besides his function , respect is had to his sufferings ; The father and brethren of Abiathar were slaine for Dauids sake , therefore for Dauids sake Abiathar ( though worthy of death ) shall liue ; He had beene now a dead man , if he had not beene formerly afflicted ; Thus doth our good God deale with vs ; by the rod he preuents the sword ; and therefore will not condemne vs for our sinnes , because we haue suffered . If Abiathar doe not forfait his life , yet his office he shall ; he must change Ierusalem for Anathoth , and the Priesthood for a retired priuacie . It was fourescore yeeres agoe since the sentence of iudgement was denounced against the house of Eli ; now doth it come to execution ; This iust quarrell against Abiathar ( the last of that line ) shall make good the threatned iudgement ; The wickednesse of Elies house was neither purged by sacrifice , nor obliterated by time : If God pay slowly , yet he paies sure ; Delay of most certaine punishment is neither any hindrance to his iustice , nor any comfort to our miseries . The execution of Joab , and Shimei . ABiathar shall liue though he serue not ; It is in the power of Princes to remit ( at least ) those punishments which attend the breach of humane Lawes ; good reason they should haue power to dispence with the wrongs done to their owne persons ; The newes of Adonijahs death , and Abiathars remouall cannot but affright Ioab ; who now runnes to Gibeon , and takes sanctuary in the Tabernacle of God ; all his hope of defence is in the hornes of the Altar ; Fond Ioab hadst thou formerly sought for counsell from the Tabernacle , thou hadst not now needed to seeke to it for refuge ; if thy deuotions had not beene wanting to that Altar , thou had'st not needed it for a shelter : It is the fashion of our foolish presumption to looke for protection , where we haue not cared to yeeld obedience . Euen a Ioab clings fast to Gods Altar in his extremity ; which in his ruffe and welfare hee regarded not ; The worst men would be glad to make vse of Gods ordinances , for their aduantage ; Necessitie will driue the most profane and lawlesse man to God ; But what do those bloudie hands touching the holy Altar of God ? Miserable Ioab , what helpe canst thou expect from that sacred pile ? Those hornes that were besprinkled with the bloud of beasts , abhorre to be touched by the bloud of men ; that Altar was for the expiation of sinne by bloud ; not for the protection of the sin of bloud . If Adonijah fled thither and escaped , it is murder that pursues thee more then conspiracie ; God hath no sanctuary for a wilfull Homicide . Yet such respect doth Benaiah giue to that holy place , that his Sword is vnwilling to touch him that touches the Altar : Those hornes shall put off death for the time ; and giue protraction of the execution , though not preseruation of life ; How sweet is life euen to those who haue beene prodigall of the bloud of others ? that Ioab shifts thus to hold it but some few houres ? Benaiah returnes with Ioabs answer , in stead of his head ; Nay , but I will die here ; as not daring to vnsheath his Sword against a man sheltered in Gods Tabernacle , without a new commission . Yong Salomon is so well acquainted with the Law of God , in such a case , that he sticks not at the sentence : Hee knew that God had enacted , If a man come presumptuously vpon his neighbour , to slay him with guile , thou shalt take him from mine Altar , that hee may die : He knew Ioabs murders had not beene more presumptuous , then guilefull , and therefore he sends Benaiah to take away the offender , both from God , and men , from the Altar , and the world . No Subiect had merited more then Ioab ; When proclamation was made in Israel , that who euer should smite the Iebusites first , he should be the Chiefe and Captaine ; Ioab was the man ; When Dauid built some part of Ierusalem , Ioab built the rest ; so as Ierusalem owes it selfe to Ioab , both for recouery , and reparation ; No man held so close to Dauid ; no man was more intent to the weale of Israel , none so succesfull in victories ; yet now is he cald to reckon for his old sinnes , and must repay bloud to Amasa , and Abner : It is not in the power of all our deserts to buy off one sinne , either with God , or man : where life is so deeply forfaited , it admits of no redemption . The honest simplicity of those times knew not of any infamy in the execution of iustice . Benaiah , who was the great Marshall vnder Salomon , thinkes not his fingers defiled with that fatall stroke . It is a foolish nicenesse to put more shame in the doing of iustice , then in the violating of it . In one act Salomon hath approued himselfe both a good Magistrate , and a good sonne ; fulfilling at once the will of a father , and the charge of God ; concluding vpon this iust execution , that , vpon Dauid , and vpon his seed , and vpon his house , and vpon his Throne there shall be peace for euer from the Lord ; and inferring , that without this there could haue beene no peace . Bloud is a restlesse suitor , and will not leaue clamoring for iudgement , till the mouth be stopped with reuenge . In this case fauour to the offender , is cruelty to the fauourer . Now hath Ioab paid all his arerages by the sword of Benaiah ; there is no suit against his corps ; that hath the honor of a buriall fit for a Peere of Israel , for the neere cozen to the King. Death puts an end to all quarrels ; Salomon strikes off the skore , when God is satisfied ; The reuenge that suruiues death and will not be shut vp in the Coffin , is barbarous , and vnbeseeming true Israelites . Onely Shimei remaines vpon the file ; his course is next , yet so , as that it shall be in his owne liberty to hasten his end ; Vpon Dauids remission , Shimei dwels securely in Bahurim , a towne of the tribe of Beniamin ; Doubtlesse , when he saw so round iustice done vpon Adonijah , and Ioab , his guiltie heart could not thinke Salomon message portended ought but his execution ; and now he cannot but be well pleased with so easie conditions , of dwelling at Ierusalem , and not passing ouer the brooke Kidron ; What more delightfull place could he choose to liue in , then that citie , which was the glorie of the whole earth ? What more pleasing bounds could he wish then the sweet bankes of Kidron ? Ierusalem could be no prison to him , whiles it was a Paradise to his betters ; and if he had a desire to take fresh aire , he had the space of six furlongs to walke from the citie to the brooke ; He could not complaine to be so delectably confined ; And besides , thrice euery yeere he might be sure to see all his friends without stirring his foot . Wise Salomon whiles he cared to seeme not too seuere an exactor of that , which his father had remitted ; prudently laies insensible twigs for so foule an offender ; Besides the old grudge , no doubt Salomon saw cause to suspect the fidelitie of Shimei ; as a man who was euer knowne to be hollow to the house of Dauid ; The obscuritie of a Countrie life would easily afford him more safe oportunities of secret mischiefe ; Many eies shall watch him in the citie ; he cannot looke out vnseene , he cannot whisper , vnheard : Vpon no other termes shall he inioy his life , which the least straying shall forfait . Shimei feeles no paine in this restraint ; How many Nobles of Israel doe that for pleasure , which he doth vpon command ? Three yeeres hath he liued within compasse ; limited both by Salomons charge and his owne oath ; It was still in his power ( notwithstanding Dauids Caueat ) to haue laid downe his hoare-head in the graue , without bloud ; The iust God infatuates those whom he meanes to plague ; Two of Shimeies seruants are fled to Gath ; and now he saddles his Asse and is gone to fetch them backe ; Either ( he thinkes ) this word of Salomon is forgotten , or in the multitude of greater affaires , not heeded ; or this so small an occurrence will not come to his eare : Couetousnesse and presumption of impunitie are the destruction of many a soule ; Shimei seekes his seruants , and loses himselfe ; How many are there who crie out of this folly , and yet imitate it ; These earthly things either are our seruants , or should be ; How commonly doe we see men run out of the bounds , set by Gods law , to hunt after them , till their soules incurre a fearefull iudgement ? Princes haue thousands of eies , and eares ; If Shimei will for more secrecie saddle his owne Asse , and take ( as is like ) the benefit of night , for his passage ; his iourney cannot be hid from Salomon ; How warie had those men need to be which are obnoxious ? Without delay is Shimei complained of , conuented , charged with violation both of the oath of God , and the iniunction of Salomon ; and that all these might appeare to be but an occasion of that punishment , whose cause was more remote , now is all that old venome laid before him , which his malice had long since spit at Gods anointed : Thou knowst all the wickednesse , whereto thine heart is priuie , that thou didst to Dauid my father . Had this old tallie beene striken off ; yet could not Shimei haue pleaded ought for his life ; For , had he said ; Let not my Lord the King be thus mortally displeased for so small an offence : Who euer died for passing ouer Kidron ? What man is the worse for my harmlesse iourney ? It had soone beene returned , If the act be small , yet the circumstances are deadly ; The commands of Soueraigne authoritie make the sleightest duties weightie ; If the iourney be harmlesse , yet not the disobedience ; It is not for subiects to poyse the Princes charge in the scales of their weake constructions ; but they must suppose it euer to be of such importance , as is pretended by the Commander . Besides the precept , here was a mutuall adiuration ; Shimei swore not to goe , Salomon swore his death if he went ; the one oath must be reuenged , the other must be kept : If Shimei were false in offending ; Salomon will be iust in punishing . Now therefore , that which Abishai the sonne of Zeruiah wished to haue done in the greenenesse of the wound , and was repelled ; after long festering Benaiah is commanded to doe , The stones that Shimei threw at Dauid , strucke not so deepe , as Benaiahs sword ; The tongue that cursed the Lords anointed hath paid the head to boot . Vengeance against rebells may sleepe , it cannot die ; A sure , if late , iudgement attends those that dare lift vp either their hand , or tongue against the sacred persons of Gods Vice-gerents . How much lesse will the God of heauen suffer vnreuenged the insolencies , and blasphemies against his owne diuine Maiestie ? It is a fearefull word , he should not be iust , if he should hold these guiltlesse . Salomons Choyce , with his iudgement vpon the two harlots . AFter so many messages and proofes of grace , Salomon begins doubtfully , both for his match , and for his deuotion : If Pharaohs daughter were not a Proselyte , his early choice was ( besides vnwarrantable ) dangerous : The hie places not only stood , but were frequented , both by the people , and King ; I doe not finde Dauid climbing vp those mis-hallowed hills , in an affectation of the varietie of Altars ; Salomon doth so , and yet loues the Lord , and is loued of God againe : Such is the mercy of our God , that he will not suffer our well-meant weaknesses to bereaue vs of his fauours : he rather pitties , then plagues vs for the infirmities of vpright hearts . Gibeon was well worthy to be the chiefe , yea the only hie-place ; There was the allowed Altar of God , there was the Tabernacle , though ( as then ) seuered from the Arke ; thither did young Salomon goe vp ; and , as desiring to begin his raigne with God , there he offers no lesse then a thousand sacrifices . Salomon worships God by day ; God appeares to Salomon by night ; Well may we looke to enioy God , when we haue serued him ; The night cannot but be happie whose day hath beene holy . It was no vnusuall course with God to reueale himselfe vnto his seruants by dreames ; So did he here to Salomon ; who saw more with his eies shut , then euer they could see open , euen him that was inuisible : The good King had offered vnto God a thousand burnt-sacrifices , and now God offreth him his option , Aske what I shall giue thee : He whose the beasts are on a thousand mountaines graciously accepts a small returne of his owne . It stands not with the munificence of a bountifull God to be indebted to his creature , we cannot giue him ought vnrecompensed ; There is no way wherein we can be so liberall to our selues , as by giuing to the possessor of all things . And art thou still , ô God , lesse free vnto vs thy meaner seruants vnder the Gospell ? Hast thou not said , Whatsoeuer ye shall aske the Father in my name , it shall be giuen you ? Only giue vs grace not to be wanting vnto thee , and we know thou canst not suffer any thing to be wanting vnto vs. The night followes the temper of the day ; and the heart so vseth to sleepe , as it wakes : Had not the thoughts of Salomon bin intent vpon wisdome by day , he had not made it his suit in his dreame : There needs no leisure of deliberation ; The heart was so fore-stalled with the loue , and admiration of wisdome , that not abiding the least motion of a competition , it fastens on that grace it had longed for ; Giue vnto thy seruant an vnderstanding hart , to iudge thy people . Had not Salomon beene wise before , hee had not knowne the worth of wisdome , he had not preferred it in his desires ; The dung-hill cocks of the World cannot know the price of this pearle ; those that haue it , know that all other excellencies are but trash , and rubbish vnto it . Salomon was a great King , and saw that he had power enough , but withall , he found that royalty , without wisdome , was no other then eminent dishonour ; There is no trade of life whereto there belongs not a peculiar wisdome ; without which there is nothing but a tedious vnprofitablenesse : much more to the hiest , and busiest vocation , the regiment of men ; As God hath no reason to giue his best fauours vnasked ; so hath he no will to withhold them where they are asked . He that in his cradle had the title of Beloued of God , is now beloued more in the Throne for the loue and desire of wisdome ; This soyle could neuer haue borne this fruit alone ; Salomon could not so much as haue dreamed of wisdome , if God had not put it into him ; and now God takes the suit so well , as if hee were beholden to his creature for wishing the best to it selfe : and because Salomon hath asked what he should , hee shall now receiue both what he asked , and what he asked not : Riches and honor shall be giuen him in to the match . So doth God loue a good choyse , that hee recompences it with ouer-giuing ; Could wee but first seeke the kingdome of God , and his righteousnes , all these earthly things should be super-added to vs ; Had Salomon made wealth his boone , hee had failed both of riches and wisdome ; now hee askes the best , and speeds of all ; They are in a faire way of happinesse that can pray well ; It was no dis-comfort to Salomon , that he awaked and found it a dreame ; for hee knew this dreame was diuine , and oracular ; and he already found in his first waking , the reall performance of what was promised him sleeping : Such illumination did he sensibly finde in all the roomes of his heart , as if God had now giuen him a new soule : No maruell if Salomon now returning from the Tabernacle to the Arke , testified his ioy and thankfulnesse by burnt-offerings , and peace-offerings , and publique feastings ; The heart that hath found in it selfe the liuely testimonies of Gods presence , and fauour , cannot containe it selfe from outward expressions . God likes not to haue his gifts lie dead where he hath confer'd them ; Israel shall soone witnesse that they haue a King inlightened from heauen ; in whom wisdome did not stay for heires ; did not admit of any parallel in his predecessors ; The all-wise God wil find occasions to draw forth those graces to vse , and light , which he hath bestowed on man. Two Harlots come before young Salomon with a difficult plea ; It is not like the Princes eare was the first that heard this complaint ; there was a subordinate course of iustice for the determination of these meaner incidences : the hardnes of this decision brought the matter , through all the benches of inferiour iudicature , to the Tribunall of Salomon ; The very Israelitish Harlots were not so vnnaturall as some now adayes that counterfait honesty ; These striue for the fruit of their wombe , ours to put them off ; One sonne is yet aliue , two mothers contend for him . The children were alike for features , for age ; the mothers were alike for reputation , here can be no euidence from others eyes ; Whethers now is the liuing Childe , and whethers is the dead ? Had Salomon gone about to wring forth the truth by tortures , he had perhaps plagued the innocent , and added paine to the misery of her losse ; the weaker had beene guilty , and the more able to beare , had carried away both the Childe , and the victory : The countenance of either of the mothers bewraied an equality of passion ; Sorrow possessed the one , for the sonne shee had lost ; and the other , for the sonne shee was in danger to leese : Both were equally peremptory , and importunate in their claime ; It is in vaine to think that the true part can be discerned by the vehemence of their challenge ; Falshood is oft-times more clamorous then truth ; No witnesses can be produced ; They two dwelt apart vnder one roofe ; and if some neighbours haue seene the children at their birth , and circumcision ; yet how little difference , how much change is there in the fauour of infants ? how doth death alter more confirmed lines ? The impossibility of proofe makes the guilty more confident , more impudent ; the true mother pleads that her childe was taken away at midnight by the other ; but in her sleepe ; She saw it not , she felt it not ; and if all her senses could haue witnessed it , yet , here was but the affirmation of the one , against the deniall of the other , which in persons alike credible doe but counterpoise . What is there now to leade the Iudge , since there is nothing either in the act , or circumstances , or persons , or plea , or euidence that might sway the sentence ? Salomon well saw that when all outward proofes failed , there was an inward affection , which if it could be fetcht out , would certainly bewray the true mother ; He knew sorrow might more easily be dissembled then naturall loue ; both sorrowed for their owne ; both could not loue , one , as theirs ; To draw forth then this true proofe of motherhood , Salomon calls for a sword ; Doubtlesse , some of the wiser hearers smiled vpon each other ; and thought in themselues , What , will the young King cut these knottie causes in peeces ? Will he diuide iustice with edge-tooles ? will he smite at hazard before conuiction ? The actions of wise Princes are riddles to vulgar constructions ; neither is it for the shallow capacities of the multitude to fadome the deepe proiects of Soueraigne authority : That sword which had serued for execution , shall now serue for triall ; Diuide ye the liuing childe in twaine , and giue the one halfe to the one , and the other halfe to the other ; Oh diuine oracle of iustice , commanding that which it would not haue done , that it might finde out that which could not be discouered ; Neither God , nor his Deputies may be so taken at their words , as if they alwaies intended their commands for action , and not sometimes for probation . This sword hath alreadie pierced the brest of the true mother ; and diuided her heart with feare , and griefe , at so killing a sentence ; There needs no other racke to discouer nature ; and now she thinkes , woe is me that came for iustice , and am answered with crueltie ; Diuide yee the liuing childe ? Alas , what hath that poore infant offended that it suruiues , and is sued for ? How much lesse miserable had I beene , that my childe had beene smothered in my sleepe , then mangled before mine eies ? If a dead carcasse could haue satisfied me , I needed not to haue complained ; What a wofull condition am I falne into , who am accused to haue beene the death of my supposed child already , and now shall be the death of my owne ? If there were no losse of my childe , yet how can I indure this torment of mine owne bowels ? How can I liue to see this part of my selfe sprawling vnder that bloudie sword ? And whiles she thinkes thus , she sues to that suspected mercie of her iust Iudge , Oh my Lord , giue her the liuing childe , and slaie him not : as thinking , if he liue , he shall but change a mother ; if he die , his mother loseth a sonne ; Whiles he liues , it shall be my comfort that I haue a sonne , though I may not call him so ; dying , he perisheth to both ; it is better he should liue to a wrong mother , then to neither : Contrarily , her enuious competitor as holding her selfe well satisfied that her neighbour should be as childlesse , as her selfe , can say , Let it be neither mine , nor thine , but diuide it ; Well might Salomon , and euery hearer conclude , that either she was no mother , or a monster , that could be content with the murder of her childe ; and that if she could haue beene the true mother , and yet haue desired the bloud of her infant , she had beene as worthy to be stript of her childe for so foule vnnaturalnesse , as the other had beene worthy to inioy him for her honest compassion . Not more iustly then wisely therefore doth Salomon trace the true mother by the footsteps of loue , and pittie ; and adiudgeth the childe to those bowels that had yearned at his danger . Euen in moralitie it is thus also ; Truth as it is one , so it loues intirenesse ; falshood , diuision : Satan that hath no right to the heart , would be content with a peece of it ; God that made it all , will haue either the whole , or none ; The erroneous Church striues with the true , for the liuing childe of sauing doctrine ; each claimes it for her owne ; Heresie conscious of her owne iniustice , could be content to goe away with a legge , or an arme of sound principles , as hoping to make vp the rest with her owne mixtures ; Truth cannot abide to part with a ioynt ; and will rather indure to leese all by violence , then a peece through a willing conniuencie . The Temple . IT is a weake and iniurious censure that taxeth Salomons slacknesse in founding the house of God ; Great bodies must haue but slow motions ; He was wise that said , the matters must be all prepared without , ere we build within ; And if Dauid haue laid readie a great part of the mettals and timber ; yet many a tree must be felled and squared , and many a stone hewne and polished , ere this foundation could be laid ; neither could those large Cedars be cut , sawne , seasoned in one yeere ; Foure yeeres are soone gone in so vast a preparation : Dauid had not beene so intire a friend to Hiram , if Hiram had not beene a friend to God ; Salomons wisdome hath taught him to make vse of so good a neighbour , of a fathers friend ; he knowes that the Tyrians skill was not giuen them for nothing ; Not Iewes onely , but Gentiles must haue their hand in building the Temple of God ; Onely Iewes medled with the Tabernacle , but the Temple is not built without the aide of Gentiles ; They , together with vs , make vp the Church of God. Euen Pagans haue their Arts from heauen ; how iustly may we improue their graces to the seruice of the God of Heauen ; If there be a Tyrian that can worke more curiously in gold , in siluer , in brasse , in yron , in purple , and blew silke , then an Israelite , why should not he be imployed about the Temple ? Their heathenisme is their own ; their skill is their makers ; Many a one workes for the Church of God , that yet hath no part in it . Salomon rayses a tribute for the work ; not of mony , but of men : Thirty thousand Israelites are leuied for this seruice ; yet not continuedly , but with intermission ; their labour is more generous , and lesse pressing ; it is enough if they keepe their courses one moneth in Lebanon , two at home ; so as euer ten thousand worke , whiles twenty thousand breathe . So fauourable is God to his creature , that he requires vs not to be ouertoyled in the works of his own seruice . Due respirations are requisite in the holiest acts . The maine stresse of the worke lies vpon Proselytes ; whose both number , and paines was herein more then the Natiues : An hundred and fifty thousand of them are imployed in bearing burdens , in hewing stones ; besides their three thousand , three hundred ouer-seers ; Now were the despised Gibeonites of good vse , and in vain doth Israel wish that the zeale of Saul had not robbed them of so seruiceable drudges . There is no man so meane but may be some way vsefull to the house of God ; Those that cannot worke in gold , and siluer , and silke , yet may cut and hewe ; and those that can doe neither , yet may carry burdens ; Euen the seruices that are more homely , are not lesse necessarie : Who can dis-hearten himselfe in the conscience of his owne insufficiency , when he sees God can as well serue himselfe of his labour , as of his skill . The Temple is framed in Lebanon , and set vp in Sion ; Neither hammer nor axe was heard in that holy structure ; There was nothing but noyse in Lebanon , nothing in Sion but silence and peace ; What euer tumults are abroad , it is fit there should be all quietnesse & sweet concord in the Church ; Oh God , that the axes of schisme , or the hammers of furious contentions should be heard within thy Sanctuary ! Thine house is not built with blowes , with blowes it is beaten downe : Oh knit the hearts of thy seruants together in the vnity of the spirit , and the bond of peace ; that we may minde and speake the same things , that thou who art the God of peace , maist take pleasure to dwell vnder the quiet roofe of our hearts . Now is the foundation laid , and the wals rising of that glorious fabricke , which all Nations admired , and all times haue celebrated ; Euen those stones which were laid in the Base of the building were not ragged and rude , but hewne and costly ; the part that lyes couered with earth from the eyes of all beholders , is no lesse precious , then those that are most conspicuous : God is not all for the eye , hee pleaseth himselfe with the hidden value of the liuing stones of his spirituall Temple ; How many noble graces of his feruants haue beene buried in obscurity ; not discerned so much as by their owne eyes ? which yet as he gaue , so he crowneth : Hypocrites regard nothing but shew ; God nothing but truth . The matter of so goodly a frame striues with the proportion , whether shall more excell ; Here was nothing but white Marble without ; nothing but Cedar and Gold within ; Vpon the Hill of Sion stands that glittering and snowy pile , which both inuiteth and dazeleth the eyes of passengers a farre off ; so much more precious within , as Cedar is better then stone , Gold then Cedar ; No base thing goes to the making vp of Gods house ; If Satan may haue a dwelling , he cares not though he patch it vp of the rubbish of stone , or rotten sticks , or drosse of mettals ; God will admit of nothing that is not pure and exquisite ; His Church consists of none but the faithfull , his habitation is in no heart but the gracious . The fashion was no other then that of the Tabernacle ; only this was more costly , more large , more fixed ; God was the same that dwelt in both , hee varied not , the same mystery was in both ; Onely it was fit there should be a proportion betwixt the worke and the builder ; The Tabernacle was erected in a popular estate , the Temple in a Monarchy ; it was fit this should fauour of the munificence of a King , as that of the zeale of a multitude ; That was erected in the flitting condition of Israel in the desert ; this , in their setled residence in the promised Land ; it was fit therefore that should be framed for motion , this for rest . Both of them were distinguished into three remarkable diuisions , whereof each was more noble , more reserued then other . But what doe we bend our eies vpon stone , and wood , and mettals ? God would neuer haue taken pleasure in these dead materials for their owne sakes , if they had not had a further intendment : Me thinkes I see foure Temples in this one . It is but one in matter , as the God that dwels in it is but one ; three yet more in resemblance : according to the diuision of them in whom it pleases God to inhabite ; For where euer God dwels , there is his temple ; Oh God , thou vouchsafest to dwell in the beleeuing heart : as we thy sillie creatures haue our being in thee , so thou the Creator of heauen and earth hast thy dwelling in vs. The heauen of heauens is not able to containe thee , and yet thou disdainest not to dwell in the strait lodgings of our renewed soule . So then , because Gods children are many , and those many diuided in respect of themselues , though vnited in their head , therefore this Temple which is but one in collection as God is one , is manifold in the distribution , as the Saints are many ; each man bearing about him a little shrine of this infinite Maiestie ; And for that the most generall diuision of the Saints is in their place and estate ; some strugling , and toyling in this earthly warfare , others triumphing in heauenly glorie , therefore hath God two other , more vniuersall Temples ; One the Church of his Saints on earth , the other , the hiest heauen of his Saints glorified . In all these , ô God , thou dwellest for euer , and this materiall house of thine is a cleere representation of these three spirituall ; Else what were a temple made with hands vnto the God of spirits ? And tho one of these was a true type of all , yet how are they all exceeded each by other ? This of stone , though most rich and costly , yet what is it to the liuing Temple of the holy Ghost , which is our body ? What is the Temple of this body of ours , to the Temple of Christs body which is his Church ? And what is the Temple of Gods Church on earth , to that which triumpheth gloriously in heauen ? How easily doe we see all these in this one visible Temple ? which as it had three distinctions of roomes ; the Porch , the Holy-place , the Holy of Holies ; so is each of them answered spiritually ; In the porch we finde the regenerate soule entring into the blessed societic of the Church ; In the holy place , the Communion of the true visible Church on earth , selected from the world ; In the holy of holies ( whereinto the hie-Priest entred once a yeere ) the glorious heauen , into which our true hie-Priest , Christ Iesus , entred once for all to make an attonement betwixt God , and man. In all these what a meet correspondence there is both in proportion , matter , situation ? In proportion ; The same rule that skilfull caruers obserue in the dutting out of the perfect statue of a man , that the height be thrice the breadth , and the breadth one third of the height , was likewise dulie obserued in the fabrike of the Temple ; whose length was double to the height , and treble to the breadth ; as being sixtie cubits long , thirtie hie , and twentie broad ; How exquisite a symmetrie hast thou ordained ( ô God ) betwixt the faithfull heart , and thy Church on earth , with that in heauen ; how accurate in each of these , in all their powers and parts compared with other ; So hath God ordered the beleeuing soule that it hath neither too much shortnesse of grace , nor too much height of conceit , nor too much breadth of passion ; So hath he ordered his visible Church , that there is a necessarie inequalitie , without any disproportion ; an height of gouernment , a length of extent , a breadth of iurisdiction duly answerable to each other ; So hath he ordered his triumphant Church aboue , that it hath a length of eternitie , answered with an height of perfection , and a breadth of incomprehensible glorie . In matter ; All was here of the best ; The wood was precious , sweet , lasting ; The stone beautifull , costly , insensible of age ; The gold pure and glittering ; So are the graces of Gods children , excellent in their nature ▪ deare in their acceptation , eternall in their vse : So are the ordinances of God in his Church , holy , comfortable , irrefragable . So is the perfection of his glorified saints incomparable , vnconceiuable . In Situation ; the outer parts were here more common , the inner more holy , and peculiarly reserued : I finde one Court of the Temple open to the vncleane , to the vncircumcised ; Within that ; another open only to the Israelites , and of them , to the cleane ; within that , yet another , proper only to the Priests and Leuites ; where was the Brazen Altar for sacrifice , and the Brazen sea for washings ; The eies of the Laitie might follow their oblations in hither , their feet might not . Yet more , in the couered roomes of the Temple , there is , whither the Priests only may enter , not the Leuites ; there is , whither the hie-priest only may enter , not his brethren . It is thus in euery renewed man , the indiuiduall temple of God ; the outward parts are allowed common to God and the world ; the inwardest and secretest , which is the heart , is reserued only for the God that made it . It is thus in the Church visible , the false and foule-hearted hypocrite hath accesse to the holy ordinances of God , and treads in his Courts ; only the true Christian hath intire and priuate conuersation with the holy one of Israel . He only is admitted into the Holy of holies , and enters within the glorious vaile of heauen . If from the walls we looke vnto the furniture ; What is the Altar whereon our sacrifices of praier and praises are offered to the Almightie but a contrite heart ? What the golden Candlesticks , but the illumined vnderstanding , wherein the light of the knowledge of God , and his diuine will shineth for euer ? What the Tables of Shew-bread , but the sanctified memorie , which keepeth the bread of life continually ? Yea , if we shall presume so farre as to enter into the very closet of Gods oracle ; Euen there , ô God , doe we finde our vnworthy hearts so honoured by thee , that they are made thy very Arke , wherein thy Royall law , and the pot of thine heauenly Manna is kept for euer ; and from whose propitiatorie , shaded with the wings of thy glorious Angels , thou giuest the gratious Testimonies of thy good spirit , witnessing with ours , that we are the children of thee the liuing God. Behold , if Salomon built a Temple vnto thee , thou hast built a Temple vnto thy selfe in vs ; We are not only through thy grace liuing stones in thy Temple , but liuing Temples in thy Sion : Oh doe thou euer dwell in this thine house ; and in this thy house let vs euer serue thee : Wherefore else hast thou a Temple , but for thy presence with vs , and for our worshipping of thee ? The time was , when , as thy people , so thy selfe ; didst lodge in flitting Tents , euer shifting , euer mouing ; thence thou thoughtest best to soiourne both in Shilo ; and the roofe of Obed-Edom ; After that , thou condescendedst to settle thine abode with men , and wouldst dwell in an house of thine owne , at thy Ierusalem . So didst thou in the beginning lodge with our first Parents as in a Tent ; Soiourne with Israel vnder the law ; and now makest a constant residence vnder the Gospell , in the hearts of thy chosen children ; from whence thou wilt remoue no more ; they shall remoue from the world , from themselues , thou shalt not remoue from them . Wheresoeuer thou art , ô God , thou art worthie of adoration ; Since thou euer wilt dwell in vs , be thou euer worshipped in vs ; Let the Altars of our cleane hearts send vp euer to thee the sweetly-perfumed smokes of our holy meditations , and faithfull praiers , and cheerefull thanks-giuings ; Let the pure lights of our faith , and godly conuersation shine euer before thee , and men , and neuer be put out ; Let the bread of life stand euer readie vpon the pure , and precious tables of our hearts . Locke vp thy Law , and thy Manna within vs ; and speake comfortably to vs from thy mercie-seat . Suffer nothing to enter in hither that is vncleane ; Sanctifie vs vnto thy selfe , and be thou sanctified in vs. Salomon , and the Queene of Sheba . GOD hath no vse of the darke lanternes of secret , and reserued perfections ; We our selues doe not light vp candles to put them vnder bushels . The great lights whether of heauen , or earth are not intended to obscuritie ; but as to giue light vnto others , so to be seene themselues ; Dan and Beersheba were too strait bounds for the fame of Salomon ; which now hath flowne ouer all lands and seas , and raised the world to an admiration of his more then humane wisdome . Euen so , ô thou euerlasting King of peace , thy Name is great among the Gentiles ; There is no speech , nor language , where the report of thee is not heard ; The sound of thee is gone forth through all the earth ; Thy name is an ointment powred out , therefore the virgins loue thee . No doubt many from all coasts came to learne and wonder ; none with so much note as this noble daughter of Cham : Who her selfe deserues the next wonder to him whom she came to heare , and admire ; That a woman , a Princesse , a rich and great Queene , should trauell from the remotest south , from Saba , a region famous for the greatest delicacies of nature , to learne wisdome , is a matchlesse example . We know Merchants that venture to either Indies for wealth ; Others we know daily to crosse the seas for wanton curiositie ; Some few Philosophers we haue knowne to haue gone farre for learning , and amongst Princes it is no vnusuall thing to send their Embassadors to farre-distant kingdomes , for transaction of businesses either of State , or commerce ; but that a royall Lady should in person vndertake and ouercome so tedious a iourney , only to obserue , and inquire into the mysteries of nature , art , religion , is a thing past both parallel , and imitation ; Why doe we thinke any labour great , or any way long to heare a greater then Salomon ? How iustly shall the Queene of the South rise vp in iudgement , and condemne vs , who may heare wisdome crying in our streets , and neglect her ? Certainly so wealthy a Queene , and so great a louer of wisdome could not want great schollers at home ; them she had first apposed with her enigmaticall demands ; and now finding her selfe vnsatisfied she betakes her selfe to this Oracle of God ; It is a good thing to doubt , better to be resolued : The minde that neuer doubts shall learne nothing ; the minde that alwaies doubts shall neuer profit by learning ; Our doubts only serue to stir vs vp to seeke truth ; Our resolutions settle vs in the truth we haue found . There were no pleasure in resolutions if we had not beene formerly troubled with doubts ; There were nothing but discomfort and disquietnesse in doubts , if it were not for the hope of resolution ; It is not safe to suffer doubts to dwell too long vpon the heart ; there may be good vse of them as passengers , dangerous as inmates : Happie are we if we can finde a Salomon to remoue them . Fame as it is alwaies a blab , so oft-times a lyer . The wise Princesse found cause to distrust so vncertaine an informer , whose reports are still either doubtfull , or fabulous ; and like windes , or streames , increase in passing : If very great things were not spoken of Salomon , fame should haue wrongd him ; and if but iust rumors were spread of his wisdome , there needed much credulitie to beleeue them . This great Queene would not suffer her selfe to be lead by the eares ; but comes in person to examine the truth of forraine relations . How much more vnsafe is it in the most important businesses of our soules , to trust the opinions and reports of others ? Those eares and eies are ill bestowed that doe not serue to choose and iudge for their owners . When we come to a rich treasure , we need not be bidden to carrie away what we are able . This wise Lady as she came far for knowledge , so finding the plentie of this veine , she would not depart without her full lode : There was nothing wherein she would leaue her selfe vnsatisfied : she knew that she could not euery day meet with a Salomon ; and therefore shee makes her best vse of so learned a master ; Now she empties her heart of all her doubts , and fils it with instruction . It is not good neglecting the oportunities of furnishing our soules with profitable , with sauing knowledge . There is much wisdome in mouing a question well , though there be more in assoyling it : What vse doe we make of Salomons teacher , if sitting at the feet of Christ we leaue our hearts either ignorant , or perplexed ? As if the errand of this wealthie Queene had beene to buy wisdome , she came with her Camels laden with Gold , and precious stones , and rich odors : Though to a mightie King she will not come to schoole emptie-handed ; If she came to fetch an inualuable treasure , she findes it reason to giue thankes vnto him that kept it . As he is a foole that hath a price in his hand to get wisdome , and wants an heart ; So is he vnthankfull that hath an heart to get wisdome , and hath no price in his hand ; A price , not counteruailable to what he seekes , but retributorie to him of whom he seekes . How shamefull is it to come alwaies with close hands to them that teach vs the great mysteries of saluation . Expectation is no better then a kinde enemy to good deserts . Wee leese those obiects which we ouer-looke . Many had been admired if they had not beene ouer-much befriended by fame ; who now in our iudgement are cast as much below their ranke , as they were fore-imagined aboue it . This disaduantage had wife Salomon with this stranger ; whom rumour had bid to look for incredible excellencies ; yet so wonderfull were the graces of Salomon , that they ouercame the hiest expectation , and the liberallest beleefe : So as when shee saw the architecture of his buildings , the prouisions of his tables , the order of his attendants , the religion of his sacrifices , shee confessed both her iniust incredulity in not beleeuing the report of his wisdome , and the iniury of report in vnderrating it . I beleeued not the words till I came , and mine eyes had seene it ; and loe the one halfe was not told mee . Her eyes were more sure informers then her eares . She did not so much heare as see Salomons wisdome in these reall effects . His answers did not so much demonstrate it , as his prudent gouernment . There are some whose speeches are witty , whiles their carriage is weake , whose deeds are incongruities , whiles their words are Apothegmes . It is not worth the name of wisdome that may be heard onely , and not seene ; Good discourse is but the froth of wisdome ; the pure and solid substance of it is in well-framed actions ; if wee know these things , happy are we if we doe them . And if this great person admired the wisdome , the buildings , the domesticke order of Salomon , and chiefly his stately ascent into the House of the Lord ; how should our soules be taken vp with wonder at thee ▪ O thou true sonne of Dauid , and Prince of euer-lasting peace , who receiuedst the spirit not by measure ? who hast built this glorious house , not made with hands , euen the heauen of heauens ? whose infinite prouidence hath sweetly disposed of all the family of thy creatures , both in heauen and earth ; and who lastly didst ascend vp on hie , and ledst captiuity captiue , and gauest gifts to men ? So well had this studious Lady profited by the Lectures of that exquisite Master , that now shee enuies , shee magnifies none but them who may liue within the ayre of Salomons wisdome : Happy are thy men , and happy are thy seruants , which stand continually before thee , and that heare thy wisdome ; As if she could haue beene content to haue changed her Throne for the foot-stoole of Salomon . It is not easie to conceiue how great a blessing it is to liue vnder those lips , which doe both preserue knowledge , and vtter it : If wee were not glutted with good counsell , we should finde no relish in any worldly contentment in comparison hereof ; But , hee that is full , despiseth an hony-combe . Shee , whom her owne experience had taught how happy a thing it is to haue a skilfull Pilote sitting at the sterne of the State , blesseth Israel for Salomon , blesseth God for Israel , blesseth Salomon and Israel mutually in each-other ; Blessed be the Lord thy God which delighted in thee , to set thee on the Throne of Israel . Because the Lord loued Israel for euer , therefore made hee the King to doe judgement and justice . It was not more Salomons aduancement to be King of Israel , then it was the aduancement of Israel to be gouerned by a Salomon . There is no earthly proofe of Gods loue to any Nation comparable to the substitution of a wise , and pious gouernour : to him wee owe our peace , our life , and which is deseruedly dearer , the life of our soules , the Gospell . But , oh God , how much hast thou loued thine Israel for euer , in that thou hast set ouer it that righteous Branch of Iesse , whose name is Wonderfull , Counsellor , the mightie God , the euerlasting Father , the Prince of peace : in whose dayes Iudah shall be saued , and Israel shall dwell safely ? Sing O heauen , and reioyce , O earth , and breake forth into singing , O mountaines , for God hath comforted his people , and will haue euerlasting mercie vpon his afflicted . The Queene of Sheba did not bring her gold and precious stones to looke on , or to re-carry , but to giue to a wealthier then her selfe . Shee giues therefore to Salomon an hundred and twenty talents of Gold , besides costly stones and odors . He that made siluer in Hierusalem as stones , is yet richly presented on all hands . The riuers still runne into the Sea ; To him that hath shall be giuen : How should wee bring vnto thee , O thou King of Heauen , the purest gold of thine owne graces , the sweetest odors of our obediences ? Was not this withall a type of that homage which should be done vnto thee , O Sauiour , by the heads of the Nations ? The Kings of Tarshish and the Iles bring presents ; the Kings of Sheba and Saba bring gifts ; yea all Kings shall worship thee , all Nations shall serue thee : They cannot inrich themselues but by giuing vnto thee . It could not stand with Salomons magnificence to receiue rich curtesies without a returne ; The greater the person was , the greater was the obligation of requitall ; The gifts of meane persons are taken but as tributes of dutie ; it is dishonourable to take from equalls , and not to retribute : There was not therefore more freedome in her gift , then in her receit ; Her owne will was the measure of both ; She gaue what she would , she receiued what soeuer she would aske ; And she had little profited by Salomons schoole , if she had not learned to aske the best : She returnes therefore more richly laden then she came ; she gaue to Salomon as a thankfull Client of wisdome ; Salomon returnes to her as a munificent Patrone , according to the liberalitie of a King ; We shall be sure to be gainers by whatsoeuer we giue vnto thee , ô thou God of wisdome and peace : Oh that we could come from the remote regions of our infidelitie , and worldlinesse , to learne wisdome of thee , who both teachest and giuest it abundantly , without vpbraiding , without grudging ; and could bring with vs the poore presents of our faithfull desires , and sincere seruices ; how wouldst thou receiue vs with a gracious acceptation , and sends vs away laden with present comfort , with eternall glorie ? Salomons defection . SInce the first man Adam , the world hath not yeelded either so great an example of wisdome , or so fearefull an example of Apostasie as Salomon : What humane knowledge Adam had in the perfection of nature by creation , Salomon had by infusion ; both fully , both from one fountaine ; If Adam called all creatures by their names , Salomon spake from the Cedars of Lebanon , to the mosse that springs out of the wall ; and besides these vegetables , there was no Beast , nor Fowle , nor Fish , nor creeping thing that escaped his discourse . Both fell , both fell by one meanes ; as Adam , so might Salomon haue said , The woman deceiued mee ; It is true indeed , that Adam fell as all ; Salomon as one ; yet so as that this one is the patterne of the frailty of all . If knowledge could haue giuen an immunity from sinne , both had stood : Affections are those feet of the soule , on which it either stands , or fals ; Salomon loued many out-landish women ; I wonder not if the wise King mis-carried ; Euery word hath bane enough for a man ; Women , many women , out-landish , idolatrous , and those not onely had , but doted on ; Sexe , multitude , nation , condition , all conspired to the ruine of a Salomon ; If one woman vndid all mankind , what maruell is it if many women vndid one ? yet had those many bin the daughters of Israel , they had tempted him onely to lust , not to mis-deuotion ; now they were of those Nations , whereof the Lord had said to the children of Israel , Goe not yee in to them , nor let them come in to you , for surely they will turne your hearts after their Gods ; to them did Salomon ioyne in loue ; who can maruell if they disioyned his heart from God ? Satan hath found this bait to take so well , that he neuer changed it since he crept into Paradise . How many haue wee knowne whose heads haue bin broken with their owne ribbe ? In the first world the sonnes of God saw the daughters of men , and tooke them wiues of all they liked ; they multiplied not children , but iniquities ; Balaam knew well if the dames of Moab could make the Israelites wantons , they should soone make them Idolaters : All lies open where the couenant is not both made with the eye , and kept . It was the charge of God to the Kings of Israel , before they were , that they should not multiply Wiues . Salomon hath gone beyond the stakes of the law , and now is ready to leese himselfe amongst a thousand bed-fellowes : Who so laies the reines in the necke of his carnall appetite , cannot promise where he will rest . Oh Salomon , where was thy wisdome , whiles thine affections run away with thee into so wilde a voluptuousnes ? What bootes it thee to discourse of all things , whiles thou misknowest thy selfe ? The perfections of speculation doe not argue the inward powers of selfe-gouernment ; The eye may be cleare whiles the hand is palsied . It is not so much to be heeded how the soule is informed , as how it is disciplined ; The light of knowledge doth well , but the due order of the affections doth better : Neuer any meere man since the first , knew so much as Salomon ▪ many that haue knowne lesse haue had more command of themselues ; A competent estate well husbanded , is better then a vast patrimony neglected . There can be no safety to that soule where is not a strait curbe vpon our desires ; If our lusts be not held vnder as slaues , they will rule as tyrans . Nothing can preuent the extremity of our mis-carriage but early and strong denials to our concupiscence : Had Salomon done thus , delicacie and lawlesse greatnesse had not led him into these bogs of intemperance . The waies of youth are steep and slipperie , wherein as it is easie to fall , so it is commonly releeued with pittie ; but the wanton inordinations of age are not more vnseasonable then odious ; yet behold Salomons younger yeeres were studious , and innocent , his ouer-hastened age was licentious and misgouerned ; For , when Salomon was old , his wiues turned away his heart after other Gods ; If any age can secure vs from the danger of a spirituall fall , it is our last ; and if any mans old-age might secure him , it was Salomons ; the beloued of God , the Oracle , the miracle of wisdome ; who would haue looked but that the blossoms of so hopefull a spring , should haue yeelded a goodly and pleasant fruit , in the Autumne of age ? yet behold euen Salomons old age vicious . There is no time wherein we can be safe , whiles we carrie this body of sinne about vs ; Youth is impetuous , mid-age stubborne , old age weake , all dangerous ; Say not now ; The furie of my youthfull flashes is ouer ; I shall henceforth finde my heart calme and impregnable ; whiles thou seest old Salomon doting vpon his concubines , yea vpon their Idolatrie . It is no presuming vpon time ▪ or meanes , or strength ; how many haue begun and proceeded well , who yet haue shamed themselues in their last stage ? If God vphold vs not , we cannot stand ; If God vphold vs , we cannot fall ; when we are at our strongest , it is best to be weake in our selues ; and when at our weakest , strong in him , in whom we can doe all things . I cannot yet thinke so hardly of Salomon , that he would proiect his person to Ashtaroth the Goddesse of the Sidonians , or Milchom the Idoll of the Ammonites , or Chemosh the abomination of Moab : He that knew all things from the shrub , to the Cedar , could not be ignorant that these statues were but stocks , or stones , or mettals , and the powers resembled by them , Deuils . It is not like he could be so insensate to adore such deities ; but so farre was the vxorious King blinded with affection , that he gaue not passage only to the Idolatrie of his heathenish wiues , but furtherance . So did he dote vpon their persons , that he humord them in their sins : Their act is therefore his , because his eies winkt at it ; his hand aduanced it ; He that built a Temple to the liuing God , for himselfe and Israel in Sion , built a Temple to Chemosh in the mount of Scandall , for his mistresses of Moab , in the very face of Gods house : No hill about Ierusalem was free from a Chappell of Deuils ; Each of his dames had their Puppets , their altars , their incense ; Because Salomon feedes them in their superstition , he drawes the sinne home to himselfe , and is branded for what he should haue forbidden . Euen our very permission appropriates crimes to vs ; We need no more guiltinesse of any sinne then our willing toleration . Who can but yearne , and feare to see the wofull wracke of so rich and goodly a vessell ? O Salomon , wert not thou he whose younger yeeres God honoured with a message and stile of loue ? To whom God twice appeared ; and in a gracious vision renewed the couenant of his fauour ? Whom he singled out from all the generation of men to be the founder of that glorious Temple which was no lesse cleerely the Type of heauen , then thou wert of Christ the Sonne of the euerliuing God ? Wert not thou that deepe Sea of wisdome which God ordained to send forth riuers and fountaines of all diuine , and humane knowledge to all nations , to all ages ? Wert not thou one of those select Secretaries , whose hand it pleased the Almightie to employ in three peeces of the diuine monuments of sacred Scriptures ? Which of vs dares euer hope to aspire vnto thy graces ? Which of vs can promise to secure our selues from thy ruines ? We fall , ô God , we fall to the lowest hell , if thou preuent vs not , if thou sustaine vs not : Vphold thou me according to thy word that I may liue , and let me not be ashamed of my hope . Order my steps in thy word , and let not any iniquitie haue dominion ouer me . All our weaknesse is in our selues , all our strength is in thee . O God be thou strong in our weaknesse , that our weake knees may be euer steddie in thy strength . But in the midst of the horror of this spectacle ( able to affright all the sonnes of men ) behold some glimpse of comfort : was it of Salomon that Dauid his father prophesied ; Though he fall , he shall not be vtterly cast downe ; for the Lord vpholdeth him with his hand ? If sensible grace , yet finall mercy was not taken from that beloued of God ; In the hardest of this winter ▪ the sappe was gone downe to the root , though it shewed not in the branches : Euen whiles Salomon remoued , that word stood fast , He shall be my Sonne , and I will be his Father . He that foresaw his sinne , threatned and limited his correction . If he breake my statutes , and keepe not my commandements ; then will I visit his transgression with a rodde , and his iniquitie with stripes ; Neuerthelesse my louing kindnesse will I not vtterly take from him , nor suffer my faithfulnesse to faile ; My Couenant will I not breake ; nor alter the thing that is gone out of my mouth ; Behold the fauour of God doth not depend vpon Salomons obedience ; If Salomon shall suffer his faithfulnesse to faile towards his God ; God will not requite him with the failing of his faithfulnesse to Salomon ; If Salomon breake his couenant with God ; God will not breake his Couenant with the father of Salomon , with the Sonne of Dauid ; He shall smart , he shall not perish . Oh gracious word of the God of all mercies , able to giue strength to the languishing , comfort to the despairing , to the dying , life . Whatsoeuer wee are , thou wilt be still thy selfe , O holy one of Israel , true to thy Couenant , constant to thy Decree ; The sinnes of thy chosen can neither frustrate thy counsell , nor out-strip thy mercies . Now I see Salomon of a wanton louer , a graue Preacher of mortification ; I see him quenching those inordinate flames with the teares of his repentance . Me thinkes I heare him sighing deeply betwixt euery word of that his solemne penance which he would needs inioyne himselfe before all the world , I haue applied my heart to know the wickednesse of folly , euen the foolishnesse of madnesse ; and I finde more bitter then death the woman whose heart is as nets and snares , and her hands as bands ; Who so pleaseth God shall be deliuered from her , but the sinner shall be taken by her . Salomon was taken as a sinner , deliuered as a penitent . His soule escaped as a bird out of the snare of the fowlers ; the snare was broken , and he deliuered ; It is good for vs that he was both taken , and deliuered ; Taken , that wee might not presume ; and that we might not despaire , deliuered . He sinned , that we might not sinne ; he recouered , that we may not sinke vnder our sinne . But , oh the iustice of God inseparable from his mercie ; Salomons sinne shall not escape the rod of men ; Rather then so wise an offender shall want enemies , God shall raise vp three aduersaries vnto Salomon , Hadad the Edomite , Rezon the King of Aram , Ieroboam the son of Nebat , whereof two were forraine , one domesticall : Nothing but loue and peace sounded in the name of Salomon ; nothing else was found in his raigne , whiles he held in good termes with his God ; But when once he fell foule with his maker , all things began to be troubled . There are whips laid vp against the time of Salomons fore-seene offence , which are now brought forth for his correction ; On purpose was Hadad the sonne of the King of Edom hid in a corner of Egypt from the sword of Dauid and Ioab , that he might be reserued for a scourge to the exorbitant sonne of Dauid : God would haue vs make account that our peace ends with our innocence : The same sinne that sets debate betwixt God and vs , armes the creatures against vs ; It were pittie we should be at any quiet whiles we are falne out with the God of peace . Contemplations VPON THE PRINCIPALL HISTORIES OF THE NEVV TESTAMENT . The third Booke . Containing The Widowes sonne raised . The Rulers sonne healed . The dumbe Deuill eiected . Matthew called . Christ among the Gergesens ; or Legion , and the Gadarene heard . TO MY RIGHT WORTHY AND WORSHIPFVLL FRIEND , Master IOHN GIFFORD of Lancrasse in Deuon , Esquire , All Grace and Peace . SIR , I hold it ( as I ought ) one of the rich mercies of GOD , that he hath giuen me fauour in some eies which haue not seene me ; but none , that I know , hath so much demerited me , vnknowne , as your worthy Familie : Ere therefore you see my face , see my hand willingly professing my thankfull Obligations : Wherewith may it please you to accept of this parcell of thoughts , not vnlike those fellowes of theirs , whom you haue entertained aboue their desert . These shall present vnto you our bountifull Sauiour , magnifying his mercies to men , in a sweet varietie ; healing the diseased , raising the dead , casting out the Deuill , calling in the Publican , and shall raise your heart to adore that infinite goodnesse ; Euery helpe to our deuotion deserues to be precious ; So much more , as the decrepit age of the world declines to an heartlesse coldnesse of pietie : That GOD , to whose honour these poore labours are meant , blesse them in your hands , and from them , to all Readers . To his protection I heartily commend you , and the right vertuous Gentlewoman , your worthy wife , with all the pledges of your happie affection , as whom you haue deserued to be Your truly thankfull and officious friend , IOS : HALL . The Widowes Sonne raised . THE fauours of our beneficent Sauiour were at the least contiguous . No sooner hath he raised the Centurions seruant from his bed , then he raises the Widowes sonne from his Beere . The fruitfull clouds are not ordained to fall all in one field ; Nain must partake of the bountie of Christ as well as Cana , or Capernaum : And if this Sunne were fixed in one Orbe , yet it diffuseth heat , and light to all the world ; It is not for any place to ingrosse the messengers of the Gospell , whose errand is vniuersall ; This immortall seed may not fall all in one furrow . The little citie of Nain stood vnder the hill of Hermon , neere vnto Tabor ; but now it is watered with better dewes from aboue , the doctrine and miracles of a Sauiour . Not for state , but for the more euidence of the worke , is our Sauiour attended with a large traine ; So entring into the gate of that walled Citie , as if he meant to besiege their faith by his power , and to take it ; His prouidence hath so contriued his iourney , that he meets with the sad pompe of a funerall ; A wofull widow attended with her weeping neighbours is following her only sonne to the graue ; There was nothing in this spectacle that did not command compassion . A young man in the flowre , in the strength of his age swallowed vp by death ; Our decrepit age both expects death , and solicites it ; but vigorous youth , lookes strangely vpon that grim sergeant of God ; Those mellow apples that fall alone from the tree we gather vp with contentment ; we chide to haue the vnripe vnseasonably beaten downe with cudgells . But more , a young man , the only sonne , the only childe of his mother : No condition can make it other then grieuous for a well-natu'rd mother to part with her owne bowells ; yet surely store is some mitigation of losse : Amongst many children one may be more easily missed ; for still we hope the suruiuing may supplie the comforts of the dead ; but when all our hopes and ioyes must either liue or die in one , the losse of that one admits of no consolation . When God would describe the most passionate expression of sorrow that can fall into the miserable , he can but say , Oh daughter of my people gird thee with sack-cloth , and wallow thy selfe in the ashes , make lamentation and bitter mourning , as for thine onely sonne ; Such was the losse , such was the sorrow of this disconsolate mother ; neither words , nor teares can suffice to discouer it . Yet more ; had she beene aided by the counsell and supportation of a louing yoke-fellow , this burden might haue seemed lesse intolerable ; A good husband may make amends for the losse of a sonne ; had the root beene left to her intire , she might better haue spared the branch ; now both are cut vp , all the stay of her life is gone ; and she seemes abandoned to a perfect miserie . And now when she gaue her selfe vp for a forlorne mourner , past all capacitie of redresse , the God of comfort meets her , pitties her , relieues her ; Here was no solicitor but his owne compassion ; In other occasions he was sought , and sued to ; The Centurion comes to him for a seruant , the Ruler for a sonne ▪ Iairus for a daughter , the neighbours for the Paralyticke ; here he seekes vp the patient , and offers the cure vnrequested ; Whiles we haue to doe with the Father of mercies , our afflictions are the most powerfull suitors . No teares , no praiers can moue him so much as his owne commiseration . Oh God , none of our secret sorrowes , can be either hid from thine eies , or kept from thine heart : and when we are past all our hopes , all possibilities of helpe ; then art thou neerest to vs for deliuerance . Here was a conspiration of all parts to mercie . The heart had compassion , the mouth said , Weepe not , the feet went to the Beere , the hand touched the coffin , the power of the Deitie raised the dead : What the heart felt was secret to it selfe , the tongue therefore expresses it in words of comfort , Weepe not ; Alas what are words to so strong and iust passions ? To bid her not to weepe that had lost her only sonne , was to perswade her to be miserable , and not feele it ; to feele , and not regard it : to regard , and yet to smother it ; Concealement doth not remedie but aggrauate sorrow : That with the counsell of not weeping therefore , she might see cause of not weeping ; his hand seconds his tongue : He arrests the coffin , and frees the Prisoner ; Young man I say vnto thee arise ; The Lord of life , and death , speakes with command ; No finite power could haue said so without presumption , or with successe : That is the voice that shall one day call vp our vanished bodies from those elements , into which they are resolued , and raise them out of their dust ; Neither sea , nor death , nor hell can offer to detaine their dead , when he charges them to be deliuered : Incredulous nature , what dost thou shrinke at the possibilitie of a resurrection , when the God of nature vndertakes it ? It is no more hard for that almightie Word which gaue being vnto all things , to say , Let them be repaired , then , Let them be made . I doe not see our Sauiour stretching himselfe vpon the dead corps , as Elias , and Elisha , vpon the sonnes of the Sunamite , and Sareptan , nor kneeling downe , and praying by the Beere , as Peter did to Dorcas , but I heare him so speaking to the dead , as if he were aliue , and so speaking to the dead that by the word he makes him aliue , I say vnto thee , arise ; Death hath no power to bid that man lie still , whom the Sonne of God bids Arise . Immediatly he that was dead sate vp . So at the sound of the last trumpet by the power of the same voice , we shall arise out of the dust , and stand vp glorious ; this mortall shall put on immortalitie , this corruptible , incorruption ; This bodie shall not be buried , but sowne ; and at our day shall therefore spring vp with a plentifull increase of glorie ; How comfortlesse , how desperate should be our lying downe , if it were not for this assurance of rising ? And now , behold , lest our weake faith should stagger at the assent to so great a difficultie , he hath alreadie by what he hath done , giuen vs tastes of what he will doe ; The power that can raise one man , can raise a thousand , a million , a world ; no power can raise one but that which is infinite ; and that which is infinite admits of no limitation ; Vnder the old Testament , God raised one by Elias , another by Elisha liuing , a third by Elisha dead ; By the hand of the Mediator of the new Testament he raised here the sonne of the widow , the daughter of Iairus , Lazarus , and , in attendance of his owne resurrection he made a gaole-deliuery of holy prisoners , at Ierusalem . He raises the daughter of Iairus from her bed ; this widowes sonne from his coffin ; Lazarus from his graue , the dead saints of Ierusalem from their rottennesse , that it might appeare no degree of death can hinder the efficacie of his ouer-ruling command ; He that keepes the keyes of death cannot only make way for himselfe through the common hall , and outer-roomes , but through the inwardest , and most reserued closets of darknesse . Me thinkes I see this young man who was thus miraculously awaked from his deadly sleepe , wiping and rubbing those eies that had beene shut vp in death ; and descending from the Beere , wrapping his winding sheet about his loines , cast himselfe downe in a passionate thankfulnesse , at the feet of his Almightie restorer ; adoring that diuine power which had commanded his soule backe againe to her forsaken lodging ; and though I heare not what he said , yet I dare say they were words of praise and wonder , which his returned soule first vttered ; It was the mother whom our Sauiour pittied in this act , not the sonne ; ( who now forced from his quiet rest must twice passe through the gates of death . ) As for her sake therefore he was raised , so to her hands was he deliuered ; that she might acknowledge that soule giuen to her , not to the possessor : Who cannot feele the amazement , and extasie of ioy that was in this reuiued mother , when her sonne now salutes her from out of another world ? And both receiues and giues gratulations of his new life ? How suddenly were al the tears of that mournfull traine dried vp with a ioyfull astonishment ? How soone is that funerall banquet turned into a new Birth-day feast ? What striuing was here to salute the late carcasse of their returned neighbour ? What awfull and admiring lookes were cast vpon that Lord of life , who seeming homely , was approued omnipotent ? How gladly did euery tongue celebrate both the worke , and the author ? A great Prophet is raised vp amongst vs , and God hath visited his people . A Prophet was the hiest name they could finde for him whom they saw like themselues in shape , aboue themselues in power ; They were not yet acquainted with God manifested in the flesh ; This miracle might well haue assured them of more then a Prophet ; but he that raised the dead man from the Beere would not suddenly raise these dead hearts from the graue of Infidelitie ; they shall see reason enough to know that the Prophet who was raised vp to them , was the God that now visited them , and at last should doe as much for them as he had done for the young man , raise them from death to life , from dust to glorie . The Rulers Sonne Cured . THE bountie of God so exceedeth mans , that there is a contrarietie in the exercise of it ; We shut our hands because we haue opened them ; God therefore opens his , because he hath opened them : Gods mercies are as comfortable in their issue , as in themselues ; Seldome euer doe blessings goe alone ; where our Sauiour supplied the Bridegroomes wine , there he heales the Rulers son ; He had not in all these coasts of Galilee done any one miracle but here ; To him that hath shall be giuen . We doe not finde Christ oft attended with Nobilitie ; here he is ; It was some great Peere , or some noted Courtier that was now a suitor to him for his dying sonne : Earthly greatnesse is no defence against afflictions : We men forbeare the mightie ; Disease and death know no faces of Lords , or Monarkes ; Could these be bribed , they would be too rich ; why should we grudge not to be priueledged , when we see there is no spare of the greatest ? This noble Ruler , listens after Christs returne into Galile ; The most eminent amongst men will be glad to harken after Christ in their necessitie : Happie was it for him that his sonne was sicke ; he had not else beene acquainted with his Sauiour , his soule had continued sicke of ignorance , and vnbeleefe ; Why else doth our good God send vs paine , losses , opposition , but that hee may bee sought to ? Are we afflicted , whither should we goe but to Cana , to seeke Christ ? whither but to the Cana of heauen , where our water of sorrow is turned to the wine of gladnesse , to that omnipotent Physitian , who healeth all our infirmities ; that we may once say , It is good for me that I was afflicted . It was about a daies iourney from Capernaum to Cana ; Thence hither did this Courtier come for the cure of his sonnes feuer ; What paines euen the greatest can be content to take for bodily health ? No way is long , no labour tedious to the desirous : Our soules are sicke of a spirituall feuer , labouring vnder the cold fit of infidelitie , and the hote fit of selfe-loue ; and we sit still at home , and see them languish vnto death . This Ruler was neither faithlesse , nor faithfull ; Had he beene quite faithlesse , he had not taken such paines to come to Christ. Had he beene faithfull , he had not made this suit to Christ , when he was come , Come downe , and heale my sonne , ere he die . Come downe , as if Christ could not haue cured him absent ; Ere he die , as if that power could not haue raised him being dead ; how much difference was here betwixt the Centurion , and the Ruler ; That came for his seruant , this for his sonne . This sonne was not more aboue that seruant , then the faith which sued for the seruant surpassed that which sued for the sonne ; The one can say , Master come not vnder my roofe , for I am not worthy , only speake the word ; and my seruant shall be whole ; The other can say , Master , either come vnder my roofe , or my sonne cannot be whole . Heale my sonne , had beene a good suit , for Christ is the only Physitian for all diseases ; but , Come downe , and heale him , was to teach God how to worke . It is good reason that he should challenge the right of prescribing to vs , who are euery way his owne ; it is presumption in vs to stint him vnto our formes : An expert workman cannot abide to be taught by a nouice ; how much lesse shall the all-wise God indure to be directed by his creature ? This is more then if the patient should take vpon him to giue a Recipe to the Physitian : That God would giue vs grace is a beseeming suit , but to say , Giue it me by prosperitie , is a saucie motion . As there is faithfulnesse in desiring the end , so modestie and patience in referring the meanes to the author . In spirituall things God hath acquainted vs with the meanes whereby he will worke , euen his owne sacred ordinances ; Vpon th●se , because they haue his owne promise , we may call absolutely for a blessing ; In all others , there is no reason that beggers should be choosers ; He who doth whatsoeuer he will , must doe it how he will ; It is for vs to receiue , not to appoint . He who came to complaine of his sonnes sicknesse , heares of his owne , Except ye see signes and wonders , yee will not beleeue . This noble man was ( as is like ) of Capernaum ; There had Christ often preached ; there was one of his chiefe residences : Either this man had heard our Sauiour oft , or might haue done ; yet because Christs miracles came to him only by heare-say ( for as yet we finde none at all wrought where he preached most ) therefore the man beleeues not enough ; but so speaks to Christ as to some ordinarie Physitian , Come downe and heale ; It was the common disease of the Iewes , incredulitie ; which no receit could heale but wonders ; A wicked and adulterous generation seekes signes . Had they not beene wilfully gracelesse ; there was alreadie proofe enough of the Messias ; the miraculous conception and life of the fore-runner ; Zacharies dumbnesse ; The attestation of Angels , the apparition of the Starre , the iourney of the Sages , the vision of the Shepherds , the testimonies of Anna and Simeon , the prophesies fulfilled , the voice from heauen at his baptisme , the diuine words that he spake ; and yet they must haue all made vp with miracles ; which though he be not vnwilling to giue at his owne times , yet he thinkes much to be tied vnto , at theirs ; Not to beleeue without signes , was a signe of stubborne hearts . It was a foule fault , and a dangerous one ; Ye will not beleeue : What is it that shall condemne the world but vnbeleefe ? What can condemne vs without it ? No sinne can condemne the repentant , Repentance is a fruit of faith ; where true faith is then , there can be no condemnation ; as there can be nothing but condemnation without it . How much more foule in a noble Capernaite , that had heard the Sermons of so diuine a Teacher ? The greater light we haue , the more shame it is for vs to stumble . Oh what shall become of vs , that reele and fall in the cleerest Sun-shine that euer looked forth vpon any Church ? Be mercifull to our sinnes , ô God , and say any thing of vs , rather , then , Ye will not beleeue . Our Sauiour tells him of his vnbeleefe ; he feeles not himselfe sicke of that disease ; All his minde is on his dying sonne ; As easily doe we complaine of bodily griefes , as we are hardly affected with spirituall . Oh the meeknesse and mercy of this Lambe of God ; When wee would haue lookt that he should haue punished this suitor for not beleeuing , he condescends to him , that he may beleeue : Goe thy way , thy sonne liueth . If we should measure our hopes by our owne worthinesse , there were no expectation of blessings , but if we shall measure them by his bountie , and compassion , there can be no doubt of preuailing . As some tender mother that giues the brest to her vnquiet childe , in stead of the rod , so deales he with our peruersnesses . How God differences men according to no other conditions , then of their faith ! The Centurions seruant was sicke , the Rulers sonne ; The Centurion doth not sue vnto Christ to come ; only saies , My seruant is sicke of a Palsie ; Christ answers him , I will come , and heale him : The Ruler sues vnto Christ that he would come , and heale his sonne , Christ will not goe ; only saies , Goe thy way , thy sonne liues ; Outward things carrie no respect with God ; The Image of that diuine Maiestie shining inwardly in the graces of the soule , is that which wins loue from him in the meanest estate ; The Centurions faith therfore could doe more then the Rulers greatnesse ; and that faithfull mans seruant hath more regard then this great mans sonne . The Rulers request was , Come and heale ; Christs answer was , Goe thy way , thy sonne liues ; Our mercifull Sauiour meets those in the end , whom he crosses in the way : How sweetly doth he correct our praiers , and whiles he doth not giue vs what we aske , giues vs better then we asked . Iustly doth he forbeare to goe downe with this Ruler , lest he should confirme him in an opinion of measuring his power by conceits of localitie , and distance ; but he doth that in absence , for which his presence was required with a repulse ; Thy sonne liueth ; giuing a greater demonstration of his omnipotencie then was craued ; How oft doth hee not heare to our will ; that he may heare vs to our aduantage ? The chosen vessell would be rid of tentations , he heares of a supplie of grace ; The sickeman askes release , receiues patience : life , and receiues glorie : Let vs aske what we thinke best , let him giue what he knowes best . With one word doth Christ heale two Patients , the sonne , and the father , the sonnes feuer , the fathers vnbeleefe ; That operatiue word of our Sauiour was not without the intention of a triall ; Had not the Ruler gone home satisfied with that intimation of his sonnes life , and recouerie , neither of them had beene blessed with successe : Now the newes of performance meets him one halfe of the way ; and he that beleeued somewhat ere he came , and more when hee went , grew to more faith in the way ; and when he came home , inlarged his faith to all the skirts of his familie ; A weake faith may be true , but a true faith is growing : Hee that boasts of a full stature in the first moment of his assent , may presume , but doth not beleeue . Great men cannot want clients ; their example swaies some , their authoritie more ; they cannot goe to either of the other worlds alone ; In vaine doe they pretend power ouer others , who labour not to draw their families vnto God. The dumbe Deuill eiected . THAT the Prince of our peace might approue his perfect victories , wheresoeuer hee met with the Prince of darknesse he foiled him , he eiected him ; He found him in heauen , thence did he throw him headlong ; and verified his Prophet , I haue cast thee out of mine holy mountaine ; And if the Deuils left their first habitation , it was because ( being Deuils ) they could not keepe it ; Their estate indeed they might haue kept , and did not ; their habitation they would haue kept , and might not ; How art thou falne from heauen ô Lucifer ? He found him in the heart of man ; ( for in that closet of God did the euill spirit after his exile from heauen shrowd himselfe ; Sinne gaue him possession , which he kept with a willing violence ) thence he casts him by his word , and spirit ; He found him tyrannizing in the bodies of some possessed men , and with power commands the vncleane spirits to depart . This act is for no hand but his : When a strong man keeps possession , none but a stronger can remoue it : In voluntarie things the strongest may yeeld to the weakest ; Sampson to a Dalilah ; but in violent , euer the mightiest carries it ; A spirituall nature must needs be in ranke aboue a bodily ; neither can any power be aboue a spirit , but the God of spirits . No otherwise is it in the mentall possession ; Where euer sinne is , there Satan is ; As on the contrarie , whosoeuer is borne of God , the seed of God remaines in him ; That euill one not only is , but rules in the sons of disobedience : in vaine shall we trie to eiect him , but by the diuine power of the Redeemer ; For this cause the Sonne of God was manifested , that he might destroy the workes of the Deuill ; Doe we finde our selues haunted with the familiar Deuils of Pride , selfe-loue , sensuall desires , vnbeleefe ? None but thou , ô Sonne of the euer-liuing God , can free our bosomes of these hellish guests ; Oh cleanse thou me from my secret sinnes , and keepe me that presumptuous sinnes preuaile not ouer me . O Sauiour , it is no Paradox to say that thou castest out more Deuils now , then thou didst whiles thou wert vpon earth ; It was thy word , When I am lifted vp , I will draw all men vnto me ; Satan weighes downe at the feet , thou pullest at the head , yea at the heart ; In euery conuersion which thou workest , there is a dispossession . Conuert me , ô Lord , and I shall bee conuerted ; I know thy meanes are now no other then ordinarie ; if we expect to be dispossessed by miracle , it would be a miracle if euer we were dispossessed ; Oh let thy Gospell haue the perfect worke in me , so only shall I be deliuered from the powers of darknesse . Nothing can be said to be dumbe , but what naturally speakes ; nothing can speake naturally , but what hath the instruments of speech ; which because spirits want , they can no otherwise speake vocally , then as they take voices to themselues , in taking bodies ; This deuill was not therefore dumbe in his nature , but in his effect ; The man was dumbe by the operation of that deuill , which possessed him ; and now the action is attributed to the spirit , which was subiectiuely in the man ; It is not you that speake , saith our Sauiour , but the spirit of your Father that speaketh in you . As it is in bodily diseases , that they doe not infect vs alike , some seaze vpon the humors , others vpon the spirits ; some assault the braine , others the heart , or lungs ; so in bodily and spirituall possessions ; In some the euill spirit takes away their senses , in some their limms , in some , their inward faculties ; like as spiritually they affect to moue vs vnto seuerall sinnes ; One to lust , another to couetousnesse , or ambition , another to crueltie , and their names haue distinguished them according to these various effects : This was a dumbe deuill ; which yet had possessed not the tongue only of this man , but his eare ; nor that only , but ( as it seemes ) his eies too . O suttle and tyrannous spirit , that obstructs all waies to the soule : that keeps out all meanes of grace both from the doores , and windowes of the heart ; yea that stops vp all passages whether of ingresse , or egresse ; Of ingresse at the eie , or eare ; of egresse at the mouth ; that there might bee no capacitie of redresse . What holy vse is thereof our tongue but to praise our Maker , to confesse our sins , to informe our brethren ? How rife is this dumbe Deuill euery-where , whiles he stops the mouthes of Christians from these vsefull and necessarie duties ? For what end hath man those two priueledges aboue his fellow creatures , Reason , and Speech , but , that , as by the one he may conceiue of the great workes of his Maker , which the rest cannot , so by the other he may expresse what he conceiues , to the honour of the Creator , both of them , and himselfe ; And why are all other creatures said to praise God , and bidden to praise him , but because they doe it by the apprehension , by the expression of man ? If the heauens declare the glory of God , how doe they it but to the eies , and by the tongue of that man , for whom they were made ? It is no small honour whereof the enuious spirit shall robbe his Maker , if he can close vp the mouth of his only rationall , and vocall creature ; and turne the best of his workmanship into a dumbe Idoll , that hath a mouth and speakes not ; Lord open thou my lips , and my mouth shall shew forth thy praise . Praise is not more necessarie then complaint ; praise of God , then complaint of our selues , whether to God , or men ; The only amends we can make to God , when we haue not had the grace to auoid sinne , is to confesse the sinne we haue not auoided : This is the sponge that wipes out all the blots and blurrs of our liues ; If we confesse our sinnes , he is faithfull and iust to forgiue vs our sins , and to cleanse vs from all vnrighteousnesse . That cunning man-slayer knowes there is no way to purge the sicke soule , but vpward by casting out the vicious humor wherewith it is clogged ; and therefore holds the lips close , that the heart may not disburden it selfe by so wholsome euacuation . When I kept silence , my bones consumed ; For day and night thy hand , ô Lord , was heauie vpon me ; my moisture is turned into the drought of Summer ; O let me confesse against my selfe my wickednesse vnto thee , that thou maist forgiue the punishment of my sinne . We haue a tongue for God , when we praise him ; for our selues , when we pray , and confesse ; for our brethren , when we speake the truth for their information ; which if we hold backe in vnrighteousnesse , we yeeld vnto that dumbe Deuill : where doe we not see that accursed spirit ? He is on the Bench , when the mute , or partiall Iudge speakes not for truth , and innocence : He is in the pulpit , when the Prophets of God smother , or halue , or adulterate the message of their master ; He is at the barre , when irreligious Iurors dare lend an oath to feare , to hope , to gaine : He is in the market , when godlesse chapmen for their pennie sell the truth , and their soule ; Hee is in the common conuersation of men , when the tongue belies the heart , flatters the guiltie , balketh reproofes euen in the foulest crimes : O thou , who only art stronger then that strong one , cast him out of the hearts , and mouthes of men ; It is time for thee , Lord , to worke , for they haue destroyed thy law . That it might well appeare this impediment was not naturall ; so soone as the man is freed from the spirit , his tongue is free to his speech : The effects of spirits as they are wrought , so they cease at once . If the Sonne of God doe but remoue our spirituall possession , we shall presently brake forth into the praise of God , into the confession of our vilenesse , into the profession of truth . But , what strange varietie doe I see in the spectators of this miracle , some wondring , others censuring , a third sort tempting , a fourth applauding ; There was neuer man , or action , but was subiect to varietie of constructions : What man could be so holy , as he that was God ? What act could be more worthy then the dispossession of an euill spirit ? yet this man , this act passeth these differences of interpretation : What can we doe to vndergoe but one opinion ? If we giue almes , and fast ; some will magnifie our charity , and deuotion , others will taxe our hypocrisie : If we giue not , some will condemne our hard-heartednesse , others will allow our care of iustice ; If we preach plainly , to some it will sauour of a carelesse slubbering , to others of a mortified sinceritie ; Elaborately , some will tax our affectation , others will applaud our diligence in dressing the delicate viands of God ; What maruel is it , if it be thus with our imperfection , when it fared no otherwise with him that was puritie , and righteousnesse it selfe ? The austere fore-runner of Christ came neither eating nor drinking , they say , He hath a Deuill ; The sonne of man came eating and drinking , they say , This man is a glutton , a friend of Publicans and sinners : and here one of his holy acts carries away at once wonder , censure , doubt , celebration . There is no way safe for a man but to square his actions by the right rule of iustice , of charitie ; and then let the world haue leaue to spend their glosses at pleasure . It was an heroicall resolution of the chosen vessell , I passe very little to be iudged of you , or of mans day . I maruell not if the people maruelled ; for here were foure wonders in one ; The blinde saw , the deafe heard , the dumbe spake , the demoniacke is deliuered ; Wonder was due to so rare , and powerfull a worke , and , if not this , nothing ; We can cast away admiration vpon the poore deuices , or actiuities of men , how much more vpon the extraordinarie workes of omnipotencie ? Whoso knowes the frame of heauen and earth shall not much be affected with the imperfect effects of fraile humanitie ; but shall with no lesse rauishment of soule acknowledge the miraculous workes of the same almightie hand . Neither is the spirituall eiection worthy of any meaner intertainment ; Raritie and difficultie are wont to cause wonder ; There are many things which haue wonder in their worth , and leese it in their frequence ; there are some which haue it in their strangenesse , and leese it in their facilitie ; Both meet in this . To see men haunted , yea possessed with a dumbe Deuill is so frequent , that it is a iust wonder to finde a man free ; but to finde the dumbe spirit cast out of a man , and to heare him praising God , confessing his sinnes , teaching others the sweet experiments of mercie , deserues iust admiration . If the Cynick sought in the market for a man amongst men , well may we seeke amongst men , for a conuert . Neither is the difficultie lesse then the rarenesse : The strong man hath the possession , all passages are blockt vp , all helpes barred , by the trecherie of our nature ; If any soule be rescued from these spirituall wickednesses , it is the praise of him that doth wonders alone . But whom doe I see wondring ? The multitude ; The vnlearned beholders follow that act with wonder , which the learned Scribes entertaine with obloquie : God hath reuealed those things to babes , which he hath hid from the wise , and prudent . With what scorne did those great Rabbins speake of these sonnes of the earth , This people that knowes not the Law is accursed ? Yet the mercie of God makes an aduantage of their simplicitie ; in that they are therefore lesse subiect to cauillation , and incredulitie ; as contrarily , his iustice causes the proud knowledge of the other to lie as a blocke in their way , to the readie assent vnto the diuine power of the Messias ; Let the pride of glorious aduersaries disdaine the pouertie of the clients of the Gospell ; it shall not repent vs to goe to heauen with the vulgar , whiles their great ones goe in state to perdition . The multitude wondered ; Who censured but Scribes great Doctors of the law , of the diuinitie of the Iewes ? What Scribes , but those of Ierusalem , the most eminent Academie of Iudea ? These were the men , who out of their deepe-reputed iudgement cast these foule aspersions vpon Christ. Great wits oft-times mis-lead both the owners and followers ; How many shall once wish they had beene borne dullards , yea idiots , when they shall finde their wit to haue barred them out of heauen ? Where is the Scribe , where is the disputer of this world ? Hath not God made the wisdome of the world foolishnesse ? Say the world what it will , a dramme of holinesse is worth a pound of wit ; Let others censure with the Scribes , let me wonder with the multitude . What could malice say worse , He casteth out Deuils through Beelzebub the Prince of Deuils ? The Iewes well knew that the Gods of the heathen were no other then Deuils ; Amongst whom for that the Lord of Files ( so called , whether for the concourse of flies to the abundance of his sacrifices , or for his aide implored against the infestation of those swarmes ) was held the chiefe , therefore they stile him , The Prince of Deuils . There is a subordination of spirits ; some hier in degree , some inferiour to others ; Our Sauiour himselfe tels vs of the Deuill , and his Angels ; Messengers are inferiour to those that send them : The seuen Deuils that entred into the swept , and garnished house , were worse then the former ; Neither can Principalities , and Powers , and Gouernours , and Princes of the darknesse of this world designe other then seuerall rankes of euill Angels ; There can be no being , without some kinde of order , there can be no order in paritie ; If wee looke vp into heauen , there is The King of Gods , The Lord of Lords ; hier then the hiest . If to the earth , There are Monarchs , Kings , Princes , Peeres , people ; If we looke downe to hell , There is the Prince of Deuils ; They labour for confusion that call for paritie ; What should the Church doe with such a forme , as is not exemplified in heauen , in earth , in hell ? One deuill ( according to their supposition ) may be vsed to cast out another : How farre the command of one spirit ouer another may extend , it is a secret of infernall state , too deepe for the inquirie of men : The thing it selfe is apparent ; vpon compact , and precontracted composition , one giues way to other for the common aduantage ; As we see it in the Common-wealth of Cheaters , and Cut-purses ; one doth the fact , another is feed to bring it out , and to procure restitution : both are of the trade ; both conspire to the fraud ; the actor falls not out with the reuealer ; but diuides with him that cunning spoile . One malicious miscreant sets the Deuill on worke to the inflicting of disease , or death ; another vpon agreement , for a further spirituall gaine , takes him off ; There is a Deuill in both ; And if there seeme more bodily fauour , there is no lesse spirituall danger in the latter ; In the one Satan wins the agent , the suitor in the other ; It will be no cause of discord in hell , that one deuill giues ease to the body which another tormented , that both may triumph in the gaine of a soule . O God , that any creature which beares thine Image , should not abhorre to be beholden to the powers of hell for aid , for aduice ? Is it not because there is not a God in Israel , that men goe to inquire of the god of Ekron ? Can men be so sottish to thinke that the vowed enemie of their soules can offer them a baite , without an hooke ? What euill is there in the citie which the Lord hath not done , what is there which he cannot as easily redresse : He wounds , he heales againe ; And if he will not , it is the Lord , let him doe what seemes good in his eies ; If he doe not deliuer vs , he will crowne our faithfulnesse in a patient perseuerance . The wounds of a God are better then the salues of Satan . Was it possible that the wit of Enuie could deuise so hie a slander ? Beelzebub was a God of the heathen ; therefore herein they accuse him for an Idolater ; Beelzebub was a Deuill to the Iewes , therefore they accuse him for a coniurer ; Beelzebub was the chiefe of Deuils , therefore they accuse him for an Arch-exorcist , for the worst kinde of Magician ; Some professors of this blacke Art , though their worke be deuillish , yet they pretend to doe it in the name of Iesus , and will presumptuously seeme to doe that by command , which is secretly transacted by agreement ; the Scribes accuse Christ of a direct compact with the Deuill ; and suppose both a league and familiaritie , which by the law of Moses ( in the very hand of a Saul ) was no other then deadly ; Yea so deepe doth this wound reach , that our Sauiour , searching it to the bottome , findes no lesse in it then the sinne against the Holy-ghost ; inferring hereupon that dreadfull sentence of the irremissiblenesse of that sinne vnto death : And if this horrible crimination were cast vpon thee , ô Sauiour , in whom the Prince of this world found nothing , what wonder is it if we thy sinfull seruants be branded on all sides with euill tongues ? Yea ( which is yet more ) how plaine is it that these men forced their tongue to speake this slander against their owne heart ? Else , this blasphemie had beene only against the sonne of man , not against the holy Ghost ; but now , that the searcher of hearts findes it to be no lesse then against the blessed spirit of God , the spight must needs be obstinate ; their malice doth wilfully crosse their conscience . Enuie neuer regards how true , but how mischieuous ; So it may gall , or kill , it cares little , whether with truth , or falshood ; For vs , Blessed are we when men reuile vs , and say all manner of euill of vs , for the name of Christ ; For them : What reward shall be giuen to thee , thou false tongue ? Euen sharpe arrowes with hote burning coles ; Yea those very coles of hell from which thou wert enkindled . There was yet a third sort that went a mid-way betwixt wonder , and censure ; These were not so malicious as to impute the miracle to a Satanicall operation ; they confesse it good , but not enough ; and therefore vrge Christ to a further proofe ; Though thou hast cast out this dumbe Deuill , yet this is no sufficient argument of thy diuine power ; Wee haue yet seene nothing from thee like those ancient miracles , of the times of our fore-fathers . Iosua caused the Sunne to stand still ; Elias brought fire downe from heauen ; Samuel astonisht the people with thunder and raine in the midst of haruest ; If thou wouldst command our beleefe , doe somewhat like to these ; The casting out of a Deuill , shewes thee to haue some power ouer hell ; shew vs now , that thou hast no lesse power ouer heauen . There is a kinde of vnreasonablenesse of desire , and insatiablenesse in infidelitie ; it neuer knowes when it hath euidence enough ; This which the Iewes ouer-looked , was a more irrefragable demonstration of diuinitie , then that which they desired . A Deuill was more then a Meteor , or a parcell of an element ; to cast out a Deuill by command , more then to command fire from heauen : Infidelitie euer loues to be her owne caruer . No sonne can be more like a father , then these Iewes to their progenitors in the desert ; that there might be no feare of degenerating into good , they also of old tempted God in the Wildernesse : First , they are wearie of the Egyptian bondage , and are readie to fall out with God , and Moses , for their stay in those fornaces : By ten miraculous plagues they are freed , and going out of those confines ; the Egyptians follow them , the sea is before them ; now they are more afflicted with their libertie , then their seruitude ; The sea yeelds way , the Egyptians are drowned ; and now , that they are safe on the other shore , they tempt the prouidence of God for water ; The rocke yeelds it them ; then , no lesse for bread and meat ; God sends them Manna , and Quailes , they crie out of the food of Angels ; Their present enemies in the way are vanquished , they whine at the men of measures , in the heart of Canaan ; Nothing from God but mercie ; nothing from them but Temptation . Their true brood both in nature and sinne had abundant proofes of the Messiah ; if curing the blinde , lame , diseased , deafe , dumbe , eiecting deuils , ouer-ruling the elements , raising the dead could haue beene sufficient ▪ yet still they must haue a signe from heauen ; and shut vp in the stile of the Tempter , If thou be the Christ. The gracious heart is credulous ; Euen where it sees not , it beleeues ; and where it sees but a little , it beleeues a great deale ; Neither doth it presume to prescribe vnto God what , and how he shall worke ; but takes what it findes , and vnmoueably rests in what it takes . Any miracle , no miracle serues enough for their assent , who haue built their faith vpon the Gospell of the Lord Iesus . Matthew called . THE number of the Apostles was not yet full , One roome is left void for a future occupant ; who can but expect , that it is reserued for some eminent person ? and behold , Matthew the Publican is the man : Oh the strange election of Christ ; Those other disciples , whose calling is recorded , were from the Fisher-boat , this from the Tole-booth , They were vnlettered , this infamous ; The condition was not in it selfe sinfull , but as the taxes , which the Romans imposed on Gods free people , were odious , so the Collectors , the Farmers of them abominable ; Besides , that it was hard to hold that seat without oppression , without exaction ; One that best knew it , branded it with poling , and sycophancie : And now , behold a griping Publican called to the familie , to the Apostle-ship , to the Secretary-ship of God ; Who can despaire in the conscience of his vnworthinesse ; when he sees this patterne of the free bountie of him that calleth vs ? Merits doe not carrie it in the gracious election of God , but his meere fauour . There sate Matthew the Publican busie in his Counting-house , reckoning vp the summes of his Rentalls ; raking vp his arerages , and wrangling for denied duties , and did so little thinke of a Sauiour , that he did not so much as looke at his passage , but , Iesus , as he passed by , saw a man sitting at the receit of custome , named Matthew ; As if this prospect had beene sudden and casuall , Iesus saw him in passing by ; Oh Sauiour , before the world was , thou sawst that man sitting there , thou sawst thine owne passage ; thou sawst his call in thy passage ; and now thou goest purposely that way , that thou mightst see , and call : Nothing can be hid from that piercing eie ; one glance whereof hath discerned a Disciple in the clothes of a Publican ; That habit , that shop of extortion cannot conceale from thee a vessell of election ; In all formes thou knowest thine owne ; and in thine owne time shalt fetch them out of the disguises of their foule sins , or vnfit conditions ; What sawst thou , ô Sauiour , in that Publican , that might either allure thine eie , or not offend it ? What but an hatefull trade , an euill eie , a griple hand , bloudie tables , heapes of spoile ? yet now thou saidst , Follow mee ; Thou that saidst once to Ierusalem , Thy birth and natiuitie is of the land of Canaan ; Thy father was an Amorite , thy mother an Hittite ; Thy nauell was not cut , neither wert thou washed in water , to supple thee , thou wast not salted at all ; thou wast not swadled at all ; None eie pittied thee , but thou wast cast out in the open fields , to the loathing of thy person , in the day that thou wast borne ; And when I passed by thee , and saw thee polluted in thine owne bloud , I said vnto thee , Liue , yea , I said vnto thee , when thou wast in thy bloud , Liue ; Now also , when thou passedst by , and sawst Matthew sitting at the receit of custome , saidest to him , Follow mee ; The life of this Publican was so much worse , then the birth of that forlorne Amorite , as , Follow mee , was more then , Liue ; What canst thou see in vs , ô God , but vglie deformities , horrible sins , despicable miseries , yet doth it please thy mercie to say vnto vs , both , Liue , and , Follow mee ? The iust man is the first accuser of himselfe ; whom doe we heare to blazon the shame of Matthew , but his owne mouth ? Matthew the Euangelist tells vs of Matthew the Publican ; His fellowes call him Leui , as willing to lay their finger vpon the spot of his vnpleasing profession ; himselfe will not smother , nor blanche it a whit , but publishes it to all the world , in a thankfull recognition of the mercie that called him ; as liking well that his basenesse should serue for a fit foile to set off the glorious lustre of his grace by whom he was elected ; What matters it how vile we are , ô God , so thy glorie may rise in our abasement ? That word was enough , Follow mee ; spoken by the same tongue , that said to the corps , at Nain , Young man I say to thee , Arise ; He that said , at first , Let there be light , saies now , Follow me : That power sweetly inclines which could forceably command ; the force is not more vnresistible , then the inclination ; When the Sun shines vpon the Isicles , can they choose but melt , and fall ? When it lookes into a dungeon , can the place choose but be inlightened ? Doe we see the Iet drawing vp strawes to it , the Load-stone yron , and doe we maruell if the omnipotent Sauiour , by the influence of his grace , attract the heart of a Publican ? He arose and followed him . We are all naturally auerse from thee , ô God ; doe thou but bid vs Follow thee ; draw vs by thy powerfull word , and we shall run after thee . Alas , thou speakest , and we sit still ; thou speakest by thine outward word to our eare , and we stir not , speake thou by the secret , and effectuall word of thy spirit , to our heart ; The world cannot hold vs downe , Satan cannot stop our way , we shall arise , and follow thee . It was not a more busie then gainfull trade that Matthew abandoned to follow Christ into pouertie ; and now he cast away his counters , and strucke his tallies , and crossed his books , and contemned his heapes of cash in comparison of that better treasure , which he fore-saw lie open in that happie attendance . If any commoditie be valued of vs too deare to be parted with , for Christ , we are more fit to be Publicans , then Disciples ; Our Sauiour inuites Matthew to a Disciple-ship ; Matthew inuites him to a feast . The ioy of his call makes him to begin his abdication of the world , in a banquet . Here was not a more cheerefull thankfulnesse in the inuiter , then a gracious humilitie in the guest : The new seruant bids his master , the Publican his Sauiour , and is honoured with so blessed a presence . I doe not finde where Iesus was euer bidden to any table , and refused ; If a Pharisee , if a Publican inuited him , he made not daintie to goe ; Not for the pleasure of the dishes ; what was that to him who began his worke in a whole Lent of daies ? But ( as it was his meat and drinke to doe the will of his Father , ) for the benefit of so winning a conuersation . If he sate with sinners , he conuerted them ; If with conuerts , he confirmed and instructed them ; If with the poore , he sed them ; If with the rich in substance , he made them richer in grace . At whose board did he euer sit , and left not his host a gainer ? The poore Bridegroome entertaines him , and hath his water-pots filled with wine : Simon the Pharisee entertaines him , and hath his table honoured with the publique remission of a penitent sinner , with the heauenly doctrine of remission : Zacheus entertaines him , saluation came that day to his house , with the author of it ; that presence made the Publican a sonne of Abraham ; Matthew is recompenced for his feast with an Apostle-ship : Martha , and Mary entertaine him , and besides diuine instruction receiue their brother from the dead ; O Sauiour , whether thou feast vs , or we feast thee , in both of them is blessednesse . Where a Publican is the Feast-master , it is no maruell if the guests be Publicans , and sinners ; whether they came alone out of an hope of that mercie , which they saw their fellow had found ; or whether Matthew inuited them to be partners of that plentifull grace , whereof he had tasted , I inquire not : Publicans and sinners will flocke together ; the one , hatefull for their trade , the other for their vicious life . Common contempt hath wrought them to an vnanimitie ; and sends them to seeke mutuall comfort in that societie , which all others held loathsome and contagious . Moderate correction humbleth , and shameth the offender ; whereas a cruell seueritie makes men desperate ; and driues them to those courses , whereby they are more dangerously infected ; How many haue gone into the prison faultie , and returned flagitious ? If Publicans were not sinners , they were no whit beholden to their neighbours . What a table full was here ? The Sonne of God beset with Publicans , and sinners : O happie Publicans , and sinners , that had found out their Sauiour ; Oh mercifull Sauiour , that disdained not Publicans and sinners . What sinner can feare to kneele before thee , when he sees Publicans and sinners sit with thee ? Who can feare to be despised of thy meeknesse , and mercy , which didst not abhorre , to conuerse with the out-casts of men ? Thou didst not despise the theefe confessing vpon the crosse , nor the sinner weeping vpon thy feet , nor the Cananite crying to thee in the way , not the blushing adulteresse , nor the odious Publican , nor the forswearing Disciple , nor the persecutor of Disciples , nor thine owne executioners , how can we be vnwelcome to thee , if we come with teares in our eies , faith in our hearts , restitution in our hands ? Oh Sauiour , our brests are too oft shut vpon thee , thy bosome is euer open to vs ; we are as great sinners as the consorts of these Publicans , why should we despaire of a roome at thy Table ? The squint-eid Pharisees look a-crosse at all the actions of Christ ; where they should haue admired his mercie , they cauill at his holinesse ; They said to his Disciples ; why eateth your master with Publicans , and sinners ? They durst not say thus to the Master , whose answer ( they knew ) would soone haue conuinced them ; This winde ( they hoped ) might shake the weake faith of the Disciples ; They speake where they may be most likely to hurt ; All the crue of Satanicall instruments haue learnt this craft of their old Tutor in Paradise : Wee cannot reuerence that man , whom we thinke vnholy ; Christ had lost the hearts of his followers , if they had entertained the least suspicion of his impuritie ; which the murmur of these enuious Pharisees would faine insinuate ; He cannot be worthy to be followed that is vncleane ; He cannot but be vncleane that eateth with Publicans and sinners : Proud and foolish Pharisees , ye fast whiles Christ eateth ; ye fast in your houses , whiles Christ eateth in other mens ; ye fast with your owne , whiles Christ feasts with sinners ; but if ye fast in pride , whiles Christ eats in humilitie ; if ye fast at home , for merit , or popularitie , whiles Christ feasts with sinners for compassion , for edification , for conuersion , your fast is vncleane , his feast is holy , ye shall haue your portion with hypocrites , when those Publicans , and sinners shall be glorious . When these censurers thought the Disciples had offended , they speake not to them , but to their Master ; Why doe thy Disciples that which is not lawfull ? now , when they thought Christ offended , they speake not to him , but to the Disciples ; Thus , like true make-bates they goe about to make a breach in the familie of Christ , by setting off the one from the other ; The quicke cie of our Sauiour hath soone espied the packe of their fraud , and therefore he takes the words out of the mouthes of his Disciples , into his owne ; They had spoke of Christ to the Disciples ; Christ answers for the Disciples concerning himselfe , The whole need not the Physitian , but the sicke . According to the two qualities of pride ; scorne , and ouer-weening , these insolent Pharisees ouer-rated their owne holinesse , contemned the noted vnholinesse of others ; As if themselues were not tainted with secret sinnes , as if others could not be cleansed by repentance ; The searcher of hearts meets with their arrogance , and findes those iusticiaries sinfull , those sinners iust ; The spirituall Physitian findes the sicknesse of those sinners wholsome , the health of those Pharisees desperate : that , wholsome , because it calls for the helpe of the Physitian , this , desperate , because it needs not . Euery soule is sicke ; those most , that feele it not ; Those that feele it , complaine , those that complaine , haue cure ; those that feele it not , shall finde themselues dying ere they can wish to recouer . Oh blessed Physitian , by whose stripes we are healed , by whose death we liue , happie are they that are vnder thy hands , sicke , as of sin , so of sorrow for sin ; it is as vnpossible they should die , as it is vnpossible for thee to want either skill , or power , or mercy ; Sin hath made vs sicke vnto death , make thou vs but as sicke of our sinnes , we are as safe , as thou art gracious . Christ among the Gergesens , or Legion , and the Gadarene heard ▪ I Doe not any where finde so furious a Demoniacke , as amongst the Gergesens ; Satan is most tyrannous , where he is obeyed most . Christ no sooner sailed ouer the lake , then he was met with two possessed Gadarenes ; The extreme rage of the one hath drowned the mention of the other ; Yet in the midst of all that crueltie of the euill spirit , there was sometimes a remission , if not an intermission , of vexation ; If , Oft-times Satan caught him , then , sometimes , in the same violence , he caught him not . It was no thanke to that malignant one , who as he was indefatigable in his executions , so vnmeasurable in his malice ; but ▪ to the mercifull ouer-ruling of God , who in a gratious respect to the weaknesse of his poore creatures , limits the spightfull attempts of that immortall enemie ; and takes off this Mastiue , whiles we may take breath : Hee who in his iustice giues way to some onsets of Satan , in his mercie restraines them ; so regarding our deseruings , that withall he regards our strength : If way should be giuen to that malicious spirit , we could not subsist ; no violent thing can indure ; and if Satan might haue his will , we should no moment be free ; He can be no more weary of doing euill to vs , then God is of doing good : Are we therefore preserued from the malignitie of these powers of darknesse , Blessed be our strong helper that hath not giuen vs ouer to be a prey vnto their teeth : Or if some scope haue beene giuen to that enuious one , to afflict vs , hath it beene with fauourable limitations , it is thine only mercy , ô God , that hath ▪ chained and muzzled vp this band-dog , so as that he may scratch vs with his pawes , but cannot pierce vs with his fangs . Farre , far is this from our deserts , who had too well merited a iust abdication from thy fauour , and protection , and an interminable seisure by Satan , both in soule and bodie . Neither doe I here see more matter of thankes to our God , for our immunitie from the externall iniuries of Satan , then occasion of serious inquirie into his power ouer vs , for the spirituall . I see some that thinke themselues safe from this ghostly tyrannie , because they sometimes finde themselues in good moods , free from the suggestions of grosse sins , much more from the commission ; Vaine men , that feed themselues with so false and friuolous comforts ; will they not see Satan , through the iust permission of God , the same to the soule , in mentall possessions , that he is to the body , in corporall ? The worst demoniack hath his lightsome respites ; not euer tortured ; not euer furious ; betwixt whiles he might looke soberly , talke sensibly , moue regularly ; It is a wofull comfort that we sinne not alwaies : There is no master so barbarous as to require of his slaue a perpetuall vnintermitted toyle ; yet , though he sometimes eate , sleepe , rest , he is a vassall still ; If that wicked one haue drawne vs to a customarie perpetration of euill , and haue wrought vs to a frequent iteration of the same sinne , this is gage enough for our seruitude , matter enough for his tyrannie , and insultation ; He that would be our tormentor alwaies , cares only to be sometimes our Tempter . The possessed is bound , as with the inuisible fetters of Satan , so with the materiall chaines of the inhabitants ; What can bodily force preuaile against a spirit ? Yet they indeuour this restraint of the man , whether out of charitie , or iustice ; Charitie , that he might not hurt himselfe ; Iustice , that he might not hurt others ; None doe so much befriend the Demoniacke as those that binde him ; Neither may the spiritually possessed be otherwise handled ; for though this act of the enemie be plausible , and , to appearance , pleasant , yet there is more danger in this deare , and smiling tyrannie ; Two sorts of chaines are fit for outragious sinners ; Good lawes , vnpartiall executions ; That they may not hurt , that they may not be hurt to eternall death . These yron chaines are no sooner fast , then broken ; There was more then an humane power in this disruption ; It is not hard to conceiue the vtmost of nature , in this kinde of actions ; Sampson doth not breake the cords , and ropes like a threed of towe , but God by Sampson ; The man doth not breake these chaines , but the spirit . How strong is the arme of these euill angels , how farre transcending the ordinarie course of nature ? They are not called Powers for nothing ; what flesh and bloud could but tremble at the palpable inequalitie of this match , if herein the mercifull protection of our God did not the rather magnifie it selfe , that so much strength , met with so much malice , hath not preuailed against vs : In spight of both we are in safe hands ; Hee that so easily brake the yron fetters , can neuer breake the adamantine chaine of our faith ; In vaine doe the chafing billowes of hell beate vpon that rocke , whereon we are built ; And though these brittle chaines of earthly mettall be easily broken by him , yet the sure-tempered chaine of Gods eternall decree , he can neuer breake ; that almightie Arbiter of heauen , and earth , and hell , hath chained him vp in the bottomlesse pit , and hath so restrained his malice , that ( but , for our good ) wee cannot be tempted ; we cannot be foyled , but for a glorious victorie . Alas it is no otherwise with the spiritually possessed ; The chaines of restraint are commonly broken by the furie of wickednesse ; What are the respects of ciuilitie , feare of God , feare of men , wholsome lawes , carefull executions to the desperately licentious , but as cobwebs to an harnet ? Let these wilde Demoniacks know , that God hath prouided chaines for them , that will hold , euen euerlasting chaines vnder darknesse ; these are such as must hold the Deuils themselues ( their masters ) vnto the iudgement of the great day , how much more those impotent vassals ? Oh that men would suffer themselues to be bound to their good behauiour , by the sweet , and easie recognizances of their dutie to their God , and the care of their owne soules , that so they might rather be bound vp in the bundle of life . It was not for rest , that these chaines were torne off , but for more motion ; This prisoner runs away from his friends , he cannot run away from his Iaylor ; He is now carried into the wildernesse ; Not by meere externall force , but by internall impulsion ; Carried by the same power that vnbound him , for the oportunitie of his Tyrannie , for the horror of the place , for the affamishment of his 〈◊〉 for the auoidance of all meanes of resistance . Solitarie deserts are the delights of Satan ▪ It is an vnwise zeale that moues vs to doe that to our selues , in an opinion of merit , and holinesse , which the Deuill wishes to doe to vs for a punishment , and conueniencie of tentation . The euill spirit is for solitarinesse ; God is for societie ; He dwells in the assembly of his Saints , yea , there he hath a delight to dwell ; Why should not we account it our happinesse that we may haue leaue to dwell , where the author of all happinesse loues to dwell ? There cannot be any miserie incident into vs , whereof our gracious Redeemer is not both conscious , and sensible ; without any intreatie therefore of the miserable Demoniack , or suit of any friend ; the God of spirits takes pittie of his distresse ; and , from no motion but his owne , commands the ill spirit to come forth of the man : O admirable precedent of mercy , preuenting our requests , exceeding our thoughts , forcing fauours vpon our impotence ; doing that for vs , which we should , and yet cannot desire . If men vpon our instant solicitations would giue vs their best aid , it were a iust praise of their bountie , but it well became thee , ô God of mercie , to goe without force , to giue without suit ; And doe we thinke thy goodnesse is impaired by thy glory ? If thou wert thus commiseratiue vpon earth , art thou lesse in heauen ? How doest thou now take notice of all our complaints , of all our infirmities ? How doth thine infinite pittie take order to redresse them ? What euill can befall vs which thou knowest not , feelest not , relieuest not ? How safe are we that haue such a Guardian , such a Mediator in heauen ? Not long before had our Sauiour commanded the windes , and waters , and they could not but obey him ; now , he speakes in the same Language to the euill spirit ; he intreats not , he perswades not , he commands ; Command argues superioritie , He only is infinitely stronger then the strong one in possession ; Else , where powers are matcht , though with some inequalitie , they tugge for the victorie ; and without a resistance yeeld nothing . There are no fewer sorts of dealing with Satan , then with men ; Some haue dealt with him by suit , as the old Satanian heretickes , and the present Indian Sauages , sacrificing to him , that he hurt not : Others by couenant , condicioning their seruice vpon his assistance , as Witches and Magicians , Others by insinuation of implicite compact , as charmers and Figure-casters ; Others by adiuration , as the sonnes of Sceua , and moderne Exorcists , vnwarrantably charging him by an hier name then their owne ; None euer offred to deale with Satan by a direct and primarie command , but the God of spirits ; The great Archangel , when the strife was about the body of Moses , commanded not , but imprecated rather , The Lord rebuke thee , Satan ; It is only the God that made this spirit an Angel of light , that can command him , now that he hath made himselfe the Prince of darknesse . If any created power dare to vsurpe a word of command , he laughs at their presumption ; and knowes them his vassals whom he dissembles to feare as his Lords ; It is thou only , ô Sauiour , at whose becke those stubburne Principalities of hell yeeld , and tremble : no wicked man can be so much a slaue to Satan , as Satan is to thee ; the interposition of grace may defeat that dominion of Satan ; thy rule is absolute , and capable of no let . What need we to feare , whiles we are vnder so omnipotent a commander ? The waues of the deepe rage horribly , yet the Lord is stronger then they ; Let those Principalities and powers doe their worst ; Those mightie aduersaries are vnder the command of him , who loued vs so well as to bleed for vs , What can we now doubt of ? His power , or his will ? How can we professe him a God , and doubt of his power ? How can we professe him a Sauiour , and doubt of his will ? He , both can , and will command those infernall powers ; we are no lesse safe , then they are malicious . The Deuill saw Iesus by the eies of the Demoniack ; For the same saw , that spake ; but it was the ill spirit , that said , I beseech thee torment me not ; It was sore against his will that he saw so dreadfull an obiect ; The ouer-ruling power of Christ dragged the foule spirit into his presence . Guiltinesse would faine keepe out of sight ; The limmes of so wofull an head shall once call to the hills , and rockes to hide them from the face of the Lambe ; such Lyon-like terror is in that milde face , when it lookes vpon wickednesse : Neither shall it be one day the least part of the torment of the damned , to see the most louely spectacle that heauen can afford : He , from whom they fled in his offers of grace , shall be so much more terrible , as he was , and is more gracious ; I maruell not therefore that the Deuill , when he saw Iesus , cryed out ; I could maruell that he fell downe , that he worshipped him : That which the proud spirit would haue had Christ to haue done to him , in his great duell , the same he now doth vnto Christ , fearfully , seruilely , forcedly ; Who shall henceforth bragge of the externall homage he performes to the Sonne of God , when he sees Satan himselfe fall downe , and worship ? What comfort can there be in that , which is common to vs with Deuils ; who as they beleeue , and tremble , so they tremble , and worship ? The outward bowing is the body of the action , the disposition of the soule is the soule of it ; therein lies the difference from the counterfait stoopings of wicked men , and spirits : The religious heart serues the Lord in feare , and reioyces in him with trembling ; What it doth is in way of seruice ; In seruice to his Lord , whose soueraintie is his comfort , and protection ; In the feare of a sonne , not of a slaue ; In a feare tempered with ioy ; In a ioy , but allaied with trembling ; whereas the prostration of wicked men , and deuils is only an act of forme , or of force ; as to their Iudge , as to their tormentor , not as to their Lord ; in meere seruilitie , not in reuerence , in an vncomfortable dulnesse , without all delight ; in a perfect horror , without capacitie of ioy ; These worship without thankes , because they fall downe without the true affections of worship . Who so maruells to see the Deuill vpon his knees , would much more maruell to heare what came from his mouth ; Iesa the sonne of the most high God ; A confession , which if wee should heare without the name of the author , we should aske , from what Saint it came . Behold , the same name giuen to Christ by the Deuill , which was formerly giuen him by the Angell , Thou shalt call his name Iesus ; That awfull name , whereat euery knee shall bow , in heauen , in earth , and vnder the earth , is called vpon , by this prostrate Deuill : and lest that should not import enough , ( since others haue beene honoured by this name in Type , ) he addes , for full distinction , The Sonne of the most hie God , The good Syrophenician , and blinde Bartimeus could say , The Sonne of Dauid ; It was well to acknowledge the true descent of his pedigree , according to the flesh ; but this infernall spirit lookes aloft , and fetcheth his line out of the most heauens , The Sonne of the most hie God ; The famous confession of the prime Apostle ( which honoured him with a new name to immortalitie , ) was no other then , Thou art the Christ , the Sonne of the liuing God ; and what other doe I heare from the lips of a fiend ? None more diuine words could fall from the hiest Saint ; Nothing hinders but that the veriest miscreant on earth , yea the foulest Deuill in hell may speake holily : It is no passing of iudgement vpon loose sentences ; So Peter should haue beene cast for a Satan , in denying , forswearing , cursing ; and the Deuill should haue beene set vp for a Saint , in confessing , Iesus the Sonne of the most hie God ; Fond hypocrite , that pleasest thy selfe , in talking well , heare this Deuill , and when thou canst speake better then he ; looke to fare better ; but in the meane time know , that a smooth tongue , and a foule heart , carries away double iudgements . Let curious heads dispute whether the Deuil knew Christ to be God ; In this I dare beleeue himselfe , though in nothing else ; he knew what he beleeued , he beleeued what he confessed , Iesus the Sonne of the most hie God ; To the confusion of those semi-Christians , that haue either held doubtfully , or ignorantly misknowne , or blasphemously denied what the very Deuils haue professed . How little can a bare speculation auaile vs in these cases of Diuinitie ? So farre this Deuill hath attained , to no ease , no comfort . Knowledge alone doth but puffe vp ; it is our loue that edifies ; If there be not a sense of our sure interest in this Iesus , a power to applie his merits , and obedience , we are no whit the safer , no whit the better ; only we are so much the wiser , to vnderstand who shall condemne vs. This peece of the clause was spoken like a Saint , Iesus the Son of the most hie God ; the other peece , like a Deuill , What haue I to doe with thee ? If the disclamation were vniuersall , the latter words would impugne the former ; for whiles he confesses Iesus to be the Sonne of the most hie God , he withall confesses his owne ineuitable subiection ; Wherefore would he beseech , if he were not obnoxious ; Hee cannot , he dare not say , What hast thou to doe with mee ; but , What haue I to doe with thee ; Others indeed I haue vexed , thee I feare ; in respect then of any violence , of any personall prouocation , What haue I to doe with thee ? And doest thou aske , ô thou euill spirit , what thou hast to doe with Christ , whiles thou vexest a seruant of Christ ? Hast thou thy name from knowledge , and yet so mistakest him whom thou confessest , as if nothing could be done to him , but what immediately concernes his owne person ? Heare that great , and iust Iudge sentencing vpon his dreadfull Tribunall ; In as much as thou didst it vnto one of these little ones , thou didst it vnto mee ; It is an idle misprision to seuer the sense of an iniurie done to any of the members , from the head . He that had humilitie enough to kneele to the Sonne of God , hath boldnesse enough to expostulate , Art thou come to torment vs before our time ? Whether it were , that Satan , who vseth to inioy the torment of sinners , whose musicke it is to heare our shriekes , and gnashings , held it no small peece of his torment , to be restrained in the exercise of his tyrannie ; Or , whether the very presence of Christ were his racke : For , the guiltie spirit proiecteth terrible things , and cannot behold the Iudge , or the executioner without a renouation of horror , Or , whether ( as himselfe professeth ) he were now in a fearefull expectation of being commanded downe into the deepe , for a further degree of actuall torment , which he thus deprecates . There are tortures appointed to the very spirituall natures of euill Angels ; Men , that are led by sense , haue easily granted the body subiect to torment , who yet , haue not so readily conceiued this incident to a spirituall substance : The holy Ghost hath not thought it fit to acquaint vs with the particular manner of these inuisible acts , rather willing that we should herein feare , then inquire ; but , as all matters of faith , though they cannot be proued by reason ( for that they are in an hier sphere ) yet afford an answer able to stop the mouth of all reason , that dares barke against them , ( since truth cannot be opposite to it selfe ) so , this of the sufferings of spirits ; There is therefore both an intentionall torment incident to spirits , and a reall : For , as in blessednesse the good spirits finde themselues ioyned vnto the chiefe good ; and , hereupon feele a perfect loue of God , and vnspeakable ioy in him , and rest in themselues , so contrarily , the euill spirits perceiue themselues eternally excluded from the presence of God , and see themselues setled in a wofull darknesse ; and , from the sense of this separation arises an horror not to be expressed , not to be conceiued ; How many men haue we knowne to torment themselues with their owne thoughts ? There needs no other gibbet then that , which their troubled spirit hath erected in their owne heart : and if some paines begin at the body , and from thence afflict the soule in a copartnership of griefe , yet others arise immediately from the soule , and draw the body into a participation of miserie ; Why may we not therefore conceiue meere and separate spirits capable of such an inward excruciation ? Besides which , I heare the Iudge of men and Angels say , Goe ye cursed into euerlasting fire , prepared for the Deuill , and his Angels ; I heare the Prophet say , Tophet is prepared of old ; If with feare , and without curiositie we may looke vpon those flames ; Why may we not attribute a spirituall nature to that more then naturall fire ? In the end of the world , the elements shall be dissolued by fire : and if the pure quintessentiall matter of the skie , and the element of fire it selfe , shall be dissolued by fire , then that last fire shall be of another nature , then that which it consumeth ; what hinders then but that the omnipotent God hath from eternitie created a fire of another nature proportionable euen , to spirituall essences ? Or why may we not distinguish of fire , as it is it selfe , a bodily creature , and , as it is an instrument of Gods iustice , so working , not by any materiall vertue , or power of it owne , but by a certaine height of supernaturall efficacie , to which it is exalted by the omnipotence of that supreme and righteous Iudge ? Or lastly , why may we not conceiue that though spirits haue nothing materiall in their nature , which that fire should worke vpon , yet by the iudgement of the almightie Arbiter of the world , iustly willing their torment , they may be made most sensible of paine , and , by the obedible submission of their created nature , wrought vpon immediately by their appointed tortures ; Besides , the very horror , which ariseth from the place , whereto they are euerlastingly confined : For if the incorporeall spirits of liuing men may be held in a loathed , or painfull body , and conceiue sorrow to be so imprisoned ; Why may we not as easily yeeld that the euill spirits of Angels , or men may be held in those direfull flames , and much more abhorre therein to continue for euer ? Tremble rather , ô my soule , at the thought of this wofull condition of the euill Angels ; who , for one only act of Apostasie from God , are thus perpetually tormented , whereas we sinfull wretches multiplie many , and presumptuous offences against the Maiestie of our God ; And withall admire , and magnifie that infinite mercie to the miserable generation of man ; which , after this holy seueritie of iustice to the reuolted Angels , so graciously forbeares our hainous iniquities , and both suffers vs to be free for the time , from these hellish torments , and giues vs oportunitie of a perfect freedome from them for euer ; Praise the Lord , ô my soule , and all that is within mee , praise his holy name , who forgiueth all thy sinnes , and healeth all thine infirmities ; Who redeemeth thy life from destruction , and crowneth thee with mercie and compassions . There is no time wherein the euill spirits are not tormented ; there is a time , wherein they expect to be tormented yet more ; Art thou come to torment vs before our time ? They knew that the last Assises are the prefixed terme of their full execution ; which they also vnderstood to be not yet come ; For though they knew not when the day of Iudgement should be ; ( a point concealed from the glorious Angels of heauen ) yet they knew when it should not be ; and therefore can say , Before the time . Euen the very euill spirits confesse , and fearfully attend a set day of vniuersall Sessions ; They beleeue lesse then Deuils , that either doubt of , or denie that day of finall retribution . Oh the wonderfull mercie of our God , that both to wicked men , and spirits , respites the vtmost of their torment ; He might vpon the first instant of the fall of Angels , haue inflicted on them the hiest extremitie of his vengeance ; He might vpon the first sinnes of our youth ( yea of our nature ) haue swept vs away , and giuen vs our portion in that fierie lake ; he staies a time for both ; Though , with this difference of mercie to vs men , that here , not only is a delay , but , may be , an vtter preuention of punishment , which to the euill spirits is altogether impossible ; They doe suffer , they must suffer ; and though they haue now deserued to suffer all they must , yet they must once suffer more then they doe . Yet , so doth this euill spirit expostulate , that hesues ; I beseech thee torment me not . The world is well changed , since Satans first onset vpon Christ ; Then , he could say , If thou be the Sonne of God ; now , Iesus , the Sonne of the most hie God ; then , All these will I giue thee if thou wilt fall downe , and worship me ; now , I beseech thee torment mee not ; The same power , when he lists , can change the note of the Tempter , to vs ; How happie are we that haue such a Redeemer as can command the Deuils to their chaines ? Oh consider this ye lawlesse sinners , that haue said , Let vs breake his bonds , and cast his cords from vs ; How euer the Almightie suffers you , for a iudgement to haue free scope to euill , and ye can now impotently resist the reuealed will of your Creator , yet the time shall come , when ye shall see the very masters , whom ye haue serued , ( the powers of darknesse ) vnable to auoide the reuenges of God ; How much lesse shall man striue with his Maker ; man , whose breath is in his nosthrills , whose house is clay , whose foundation is in the dust ? Nature teaches euery creature to wish a freedome from paine : the foulest spirits cannot but loue themselues ; and this loue must needs produce a deprecation of euill ; Yet , what a thing is this , to heare the Deuill at his praiers ? I beseech thee torment me not ; Deuotion is not guiltie of this , but feare ; There is no grace in the suit of Deuils , but nature ▪ no respect of glory to their Creator , but their owne ease ; They cannot pray against sinne , but against torment for sinne . What newes is it now , to heare the profanest mouth , in extremitie , imploring the sacred name of God , when the Deuils doe so ? The worst of all creatures hates punishment , and can say , Lead me not into paine ; only the good heart can say , Lead me not into temptation ▪ If we can as heartily pray against sinne , for the auoiding of displeasure , as against punishment , when we haue displeased , there is true grace in the soule : Indeed , if we could feruently pray against sinne , we should not need to pray against punishment ; which is no other then the inseparable shadow of that body ; but if we haue not laboured against our sinnes , in vaine doe we pray against punishment ; God must be iust ; and the wages of sinne is death . It pleased our holy Sauiour , not only to let fall words of command vpon this spirit , but to interchange some speeches with him : All Christs actions are not for example : It was the error of our Grand-mother to hold chat with Satan ; That God , who knowes the craft of that old Serpent , and our weake simplicitie , hath charged vs not to inquire of an euill spirit ; surely , if the Disciples returning to Iacobs Well , wondred to see Christ talke with a woman , well may we wonder to see him talking with an vncleane Spirit ; Let it be no presumption , ô Sauiour , to aske vpon what grounds thou didst this , wherein we may not follow thee : We know , that sinne was excepted in thy conformitie of thy selfe to vs ; we know there was no guile found in thy mouth , no possibilitie of taint in thy nature , in thine actions ; Neither is it hard to conceiue how the same thing may be done by thee without sinne , which we cannot but sinne in doing . There is a vast difference in the Intention , in the Agent ; For , on the one side , thou didst not aske the name of the spirit , as one that knew not , and would learne by inquiring ; but , that by the confession of that mischiefe , which thou pleasedst to suffer , the grace of the cure might be the more conspicuous , the more glorious ; so , on the other , God and man might doe that safely , which meere man cannot doe , without danger ; thou mightest touch the leprosie , and not be legally vncleane , because thou touchedst it to heale it , didst not touch it with possibilitie of infection ; So mightest thou , who by reason of the perfection of thy diuine nature , wert vncapable of any staine , by the interlocution with Satan , safely conferre with him , whom corrupt man , predisposed to the danger of such a pearle , may not meddle with , without sinne , because not without perill ; It is for none but God to hold discourse with Satan ; Our surest way is to haue as little to doe with that euill one , as we may ; and if he shall offer to maintaine conference with vs by his secret tentations , to turne our speech vnto our God , with the Archangell , The Lord rebuke thee Satan . It was the presupposition of him that knew it , that not only men but spirits haue names ; This then he askes ; not out of an ignorance , or curiositie ; nothing could be hid from him who calleth the starres , and all the hosts of heauen by their names ; but , out of a iust respect to the glory of the miracle he was working ; whereto the notice of the name would not a little auaile : For , if without inquirie , or confession , our Sauiour had eiected this euill spirit , it had passed for the single dispossession of one onely Deuill , whereas now , it appeares there was a combination and hellish champertie in these powers of darknesse , which were all forced to vaile vnto that almightie command . Before , the Deuill had spoken singularly of himselfe , What haue I to doe with thee ; and , I beseech thee torment me not ; Our Sauiour yet , knowing that there was a multitude of Deuils lurking in that brest , who dissembled their presence , wrests it out of the Spirit by this interrogation , What is thy name ? Now can those wicked ones no longer hide themselues ; He that asked the question , forced the answer , My name is Legion . The author of discord hath borrowed a name of warre : from that militarie order of discipline ( by which the Iewes were subdued ) doth the Deuill fetch his denomination ; They were many , yet they say , My name , not , Our name ; though many , they speake as one , they act as one , in this possession : There is a maruellous accordance euen betwixt euill spirits ; that Kingdome is not diuided , for then it could not stand ; I wonder not that wicked men doe so conspire in euill ; that there is such vnanimitie in the brochers , and abettors of errors , when I see those deuils , which are many in substance , are one in name , action , habitation ; Who can bragge too much of vnitie , when it is incident into wicked spirits ? All the praise of concord is in the subiect ; if that be holy , the consent is Angelicall , if sinfull , deuillish . What a fearfull aduantage haue our spirituall enemies against vs ? If armed troupes come against single straglers , what hope is there of life , of victorie ? How much doth it concerne vs to band our hearts together , in a communion of Saints ? Our enemies come vpon vs like a torrent ; Oh let not vs run asunder like drops in the dust ; All our vnited forces will be little enough , to make head against this league of destruction . Legion imports Order , number , conflict . Order , in that there is a distinction of regiment , a subordination of Officers ; Though in hell there be confusion of faces , yet not confusion of degrees ; Number ; Those that haue reckoned a Legion at the lowest , haue counted it six thousand ; others , haue more then doubled it ; though here it is not strict , but figuratiue , yet the letter of it implies multitude ; How fearfull is the consideration of the number of Apostate-Angels ? And if a Legion can attend one man , how many must we needs thinke are they , who , all the world ouer , are at hand to the punishment of the wicked , the exercise of the good , the tentation of both ; It cannot be hoped there can be any place , or time , wherein we may be secure from the onsets of these enemies ; Be sure , ye lewd men , ye shall want no furtherance to euill , no torment for euill ; Be sure , ye godly , ye shall not want combatants to trie your strength , and skill ; Awaken your courages to resist , and stirre vp your hearts to make sure the meanes of your safetie ; There are more with vs then against vs ; The God of heauen is with vs , if we be with him ; and our Angels behold the face of God ; If euery deuill were a Legion , we are safe : Though wee walke through the valley of the shadow of death , we shall feare no euill ; Thou , ô Lord , shalt stretch forth thine hand against the wrath of our enemies , and thy right hand shall saue vs. Conflict ; All this number is not for sight , for rest ; but for motion , for action ; Neither was there euer houre , since the first blow giuen to our first parents , wherein there was so much as a truce betwixt these aduersaries . As therefore strong frontier-Townes , when there is a peace concluded on both parts , breake vp their garrison , open their gates , neglect their Bull-warkes ; but , when they heare of the enemie mustering his forces , in great and vnequall numbers , then they double their guard ; keepe Sentinell , repaire their Sconces , so must we , vpon the certaine knowledge of our numerous , and deadly enemies , in continuall aray against vs , addresse our selues alwaies to a warie and strong resistance . I doe not obserue the most to thinke of this gostly hostilitie ; Either they do not find there are tentations , or those tentations hurtfull ; they see no worse then themselues ; and if they feele motions of euill , arising in them , they impute it to fancie , or vnreasonable appetite ; to no power , but natures ; and ; those motions they follow , without sensible hurt ; neither see they what harme it is to sinne : Is it any maruell that carnall eies cannot discerne spirituall obiects ? That the world who is the friend , the vassall of Satan , is in no warre with him ? Elishaes seruant , when his eies were opened saw troupes of spirituall soldiers , which before he discerned not ; If the eies of our soules be once enlightened by supernaturall knowledge , and the cleere beames of faith , we shall as plainly descrie the inuisible powers of wickednesse , as now our bodily eies see heauen , and earth . They are , though we see them not , wee cannot be safe from them , if we doe not acknowledge , not oppose them . The Deuils are now become great suitors to Christ ; That he would not command them into the deepe ; that he would permit their entrance into the swine . What is this deepe but hell ? both for the vtter separation from the face of God ; and for the impossibilitie of passage to the region of rest and glory ? The very euill spirits , then , feare , and expect a further degree of torment ; they know themselues reserued in those chaines of darknesse for the iudgement of the great day ; There is the same wages due to their sinnes , and to ours ; neither are the wages paid till the worke be done ; they , tempting men to sinne , must needs sinne grieuously in tempting ; as with vs men those that mislead into sinne , offend more then the actors ; not till the vpshot therefore of their wickednesse shall they receiue the full measure of their condemnation : This day , this deepe they tremble at ; what shall I say ▪ of those men that feare it not ? It is hard for men to beleeue their owne vnbeleefe : If they were perswaded of this fierie dungeon , this bottomlesse deepe , wherein euery sinne shall receiue an horrible portion with the damned , durst they stretch forth their hands to wickednesse ? No man will put his hand into a fierie crucible to fetch gold thence , because he knowes it will burne him ; Did we as truly beleeue the euerlasting burning of that infernall fire , we durst not offer to fetch pleasures , or profits , out of the midst of those flames . This degree of torment they grant in Christs power to command ; they knew his power vnresistible ; had he therefore but said , Backe to hell , whence ye came , they could no more haue staid vpon earth , then they can now climbe into heauen . O the wonderfull dispensation of the Almightie ; who though he could command all the euill spirits downe to their dungeons in an instant ; so as they should haue no more oportunitie of temptation , yet thinkes fit to retaine them vpon earth ; It is not out of weaknesse , or improuidence of that diuine hand , that wicked spirits tyrannzie here vpon earth , but out of the most wise , and most holy ordination of God , who knowes how to turne euill into good ; how to fetch good out of euill ; and by the worst instruments , to bring about his most iust decrees : Oh that we could adore that awfull , and infinite power , and cheerefully cast our selues vpon that prouidence , which keepes the Keyes euen of hell it selfe , and either lets out , or returnes the Deuils to their places . Their other suit hath some maruell in mouing it , more in the grant ; That they might be suffred to enter into the heard of Swine . It was their ambition of some mischiefe , that brought forth this desire ; that since they might not vexe the bodie of the man , they might yet afflict men in their goods ; The malice of these enuious spirits reacheth from vs , to ours ; It is sore against their wills , if we be not euery way miserable : If the Swine were legally vncleane for the vse of the table , yet they were naturally good ; Had not Satan knowne them vsefull for man , he had neuer desired their ruine ; But as Fencers will seeme to fetch a blow at the legge , when they intend it at the head ; so doth this deuill ; whiles he driues at the Swine , he aimes at the soules of these Gadarens ; by this meanes , he hoped well ( and his hope was not vaine ) to worke in these Gergesens a discontentment at Christ , an vnwillingnesse to entertaine him , a desire of his absence ; he meant to turne them into Swine , by the losse of their Swine : It was not the rafters , or stones of the house of Iobs children , that he bore the grudge to , but to the owners ; nor to the liues of the children so much , as the soule of their father ; There is no affliction wherein he doth not strike at the heart ; which , whiles it holds free , all other dammages are light ; but a wounded spirit ( whether with sinne or sorrow ) who can beare ? What euer becomes of goods , or limmes , happie are wee if ( like wise souldiers ) we gard the vitall parts ; whiles the soule is kept sound from impatience , from distrust , our enemy may afflict vs , he cannot hurt vs. They sue for a sufference ; not daring other then to grant that without the permission of Christ , they could not hurt a very swine ; If it be fearfull to thinke how great things euill spirits can doe with permission ; it is comfortable to thinke how nothing they can doe without permission : We know they want not malice to destroy the whole frame of Gods worke ; but of all , man ; of all men , Christians ; but if without leaue they cannot set vpon an hogge , what can they doe to the liuing Images of their Creator ? They cannot offer vs so much as a suggestion , without the permission of our Sauiour ; And can he that would giue his owne most precious bloud for vs , to saue vs from euill , wilfully giue vs ouer to euill ? It is no newes that wicked spirits wish to doe mischiefe , it is newes that they are allowed it ; If the owner of all things should stand vpon his absolute command , who can challenge him for what he thinkes fit to doe with his creature ? The first Fole of the Asse is commanded , vnder the law , to haue his necke broken , what is that to vs ? The creatures doe that they were made for , if they may serue any way to the glory of their Maker ; But , seldome euer doth God leaue his actions vnfurnished with such reasons , as our weaknesse may reach vnto . There were sects amongst these Iewes that denied spirits , they could not be more euidently , more powerfully conuinced then by this euent : Now shall the Gadarens see from what a multitude of Deuils they were deliuered ; and how easie it had beene for the same power to haue allowed those spirits to seaze vpon their persons , as well as their Swine ; Neither did God this without a iust purpose of their castigation ; His iudgements are righteous , where they are most secret ; though we cannot accuse these inhabitants of ought , yet hee could ; and thought good thus to mulct them : And if they had not wanted grace to acknowledge it , it was no small fauour of God , that he would punish them in their Swine , for that , which he might haue auenged vpon their bodies , and soules : Our goods are furthest off vs ; If but in these we smart , we must confesse to finde mercie . Sometimes it pleaseth God to grant the suits of wicked men , and spirits , in no fauour to the suitors : Hee grants an ill suit , and withholds a good ; He grants an ill suit in iudgement , and holds backe a good one , in mercie ; The Israelites aske meat ; hee giues Quailes to their mouthes , and leanenesse to their soules ; The chosen vessell wishes Satan taken off , and heares only , My grace is sufficient for thee : Wee may not euermore measure fauour by condescent ; These Deuils doubtlesse receiue more punishment for that harmefull act , wherein they are heard . If we aske what is either vnfit to receiue , or vnlawfull to begge , it is a great fauour of our God to be denied . Those spirits which would goe into the Swine by permission , goe out of the man by command ; they had staied long , and are eiected suddenly ; The immediate workes of God are perfect in an instant , and doe not require the aid of time for their maturation . No sooner are they cast out of the man , then they are in the Swine ; They will leese no time , but passe without intermission from one mischiefe to another ; If they hold it a paine not to be doing of euill ; Why is it not our delight to be euer doing good ? The impetuousnesse was no lesse , then the speed , The heard was carried with violence from a steep-downe place into the lake , and was choked . It is no small force that could doe this ; but if the Swine had beene so many mountaines , these spirits , vpon Gods permission , had thus transported them : How easily can they carrie those soules ( which are vnder their power , ) to destruction ? Vncleane beasts that wallow in the mire of sensualitie , brutish drunkards , transforming themselues by excesse , euen they , are the swine , whom the Legion carries headlong to the pit of perdition . The wicked spirits haue their wish ; The Swine are choked in the waues ; What ease is this to them ? Good God ; that there should be any creature that seekes contentment in destroying , in tormenting the good creatures of their Maker ! This is the diet of hell ; Those fiends feed vpon spight ; towards man so much more , as he doth more resemble his Creator : Towards all other liuing substances , so much more as they may be more vsefull to man. The Swine ranne downe violently , what maruell is it if their keepers fled ; that miraculous work which should haue drawne them to Christ , driues them from him : They run with the newes ; the countrie comes in with clamour ; The whole multitude of the countrie about , besought him to depart ; The multitude is a beast of many heads ; euery head hath a seuerall mouth , and euery mouth hath a seuerall tongue , and euery tongue a seuerall accent ; Euery head hath a seuerall braine , and euery braine thoughts of their owne ; so as it is hard to finde a multitude , without some diuision : At least seldome euer hath a good motion found a perfect accordance ; it is not so infrequent for a multitude to conspire in euill ; Generalitie of assent is no warrant for any act ; Common error carries away many ; who inquire not into the reason of ought , but the practise : The way to hell is a beaten road through the many feet that tread it ; when vice growes into fashion , singularitie is a vertue . There was not a Gadarene found , that either dehorted their fellowes , or opposed the motion ; it is a signe of people giuen vp to iudgement , when no man makes head against proiects of euill . Alas , what can one strong man doe against a whole throng of wickednesse ? Yet this good comes of an vnpreuailing resistance , that God forbeares to plague , where he findes but a sprinkling of faith : Happie are they , who ( like vnto the celestiall bodies , which being carried about , with the sway of the hiest sphere , yet creepe on their owne waies ) keepe on the courses of their owne holinesse , against the swinge of common corruptions : They shall both deliuer their owne soules , and helpe to withhold iudgement from others . The Gadarenes sue to Christ for his departure ; It is too much fauour to attribute this to their modestie , as if they held themselues vnworthie of so diuine a guest ; Why then did they fall vpon this suit in a time of their losse ? Why did they not taxe themselues , and intimate a secret desire of that , which they durst not begge ? It is too much rigor to attribute it to the loue of their hoggs , and an anger at their losse ; then , they had not intreated , but expelled him ; It was their feare that moued this harsh suit : A seruile feare of danger to their persons , to their goods , Least hee that could so absolutely command the Deuils , should haue set these tormentors vpon them ; Least their other Demoniacks should be dispossessed with like losse . I cannot blame these Gaderens that they feared ; This power was worthy of trembling at ; Their feare was iust , the vse of their feare was vniust ; They should haue argued , This man hath power ouer men , beasts , Deuils , it is good hauing him to our friend ; his presence is our safetie & protection ; Now they contrarily mis-inferre , Thus powerfull is he , it is good he were further off ; What miserable and pernicious misconstructions do men make of God ; of diuine attributes , and actions ? God is omnipotent , able to take infinite vengeance of sinne , Oh that he were not ; He is prouident , I may be carelesse ; He is mercifull , I may sinne ; He is holy , Let him depart from me , for I am a sinfull man ; How wittie sophisters are naturall men to deceiue their owne soules , to rob themselues of a God ? Oh Sauiour , how worthy are they to want thee that wish to be rid of thee ? Thou hast iust cause to be wearie of vs , euen whiles we sue to hold thee ; but when once our wretched vnthankfulnesse growes wearie of thee , who can pittie vs to be punished with thy departure ? Who can say it is other then righteous , that thou shouldst regest one day vpon vs , Depart from mee yee wicked . FINIS .