author-essexRobertDevereuxEarlOf-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 27 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 39,125 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 1,449 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 86. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

text, essex, parliament, shall, english, earl, earle, early, robert, books, commons, letter, great, army, men, will, online, tcp, london, printed, sir, images, many, wing, lord, devereux, majesty, sent, forces, horse, excellency, king, without, two, page, phase, proofread, markup, changes, souldiers, support, transcribed, xml, aim, encoded, textual, god, majesties, england, thomason

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The copy of a letter sent from His Excellencie Robert, Earle of Essex, to Mr. Pym, a member of the House of Commons also a order for the printing of Edw. Nicholas his letter, His Majesties secretary, to Sir Will. Boswell His Majesties resident with the States of the United Provinces ... together with the true relation of the passages at Sherbourn-Hill, which have relation to the aforesaid letters., The letters from His Maiesty, and from the officers of His Majesties army, to the Earle of Essex at Lestithen, inviting him to peace and his refusall thereof, and A letter from His Excellencje the Earl of Essex to the gentlemen, freeholders, and other well-affected people in the county of Essex. Also, an order of the House of Commons in Parliament for a contribution for sick souldiers under the command of his excellencie. Together with two other orders of the committee of the House of Commons and Citie of London, for reducing Newcastle, and the parts adjacent. Ordered by the Commons in Parliament assembled, that these be forthwith printed and published. Hen: Elsynge Cler. Parl. D. Com..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

english books, early english, books online, robert devereux, textual changes, page images, defects per, great britain, enriched version, images scanned, preserves archaic, professional end, pfs batch, encoded text, stationer meant, proquest page, archaic forms, metadata enrichments, xml conversion, creative commons, notre dame, collaborative curation, includes standard, tcp digital, tcp assigned, iv tiff, providing financial, proofread approx, computationally tractable, text transcribed, online text, title catalog, end users, earlyprint project, enrichments aim, changes aim, batch review, linguistically annotated, short title, standardized format, tiff page, fully proofread, financial support, encoded edition, creation partnership, project evanston, english short, annotation includes, based collaborative, text creation

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Tvvo proclamations by His Excellency Robert Earl of Essex .... Terrible nevves from York declaring the barbarous actions of the cavaliers at Yorke in plundering the houses, seizing the goods and imprisoning the persons of those citizens that refuse to contribute money to maintaine a war against the Parliament : having already plundered above twenty citizens houses and imprisoned diverse of the aldermen for not contributing money to maintain the foresaid war : also how they cruelly threaten to kill diverse godly and religious ministers in the said city if they will not preach as they would have them : also the Earle of Essex his instructions to the counties of Derby, Northampton, Warwick, and diverse other counties, to stand upon their guard and raise the power of the counties to withstand the cavaliers and prevent the like miseries and calamities in other parts of this Kingdome., and Prince Robert his speech to the Earle of Essex the morning before hee marched forth with his forces and his excellences answer thereunto : also the manner of his marching out with his forces from Northampton on Munday Sept. 19 and the numer thereof : likewise the manner of the disarming of the papists and ill-affected persons in Lincolnshire, by the Earl of Lincoln and gentry of the county, and causing them to subscribe for money and horse for the King and Parliament with the like proceedings in Yorkshire..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

parliament, essex, commons, earle, earl, robert, majesty, london, excellency, army, tuesday, sir, reading, peace, majesties, king, joshua, ireland, highnesse, god, excellence, english, england, enemy, early, cavaliers

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be text, and A proclamation by His Excellency Robert Earle of Essex, &c. Captaine Generall of the army imployed for the defence of the Protestant religion, King, Parliament, and kingdome. Together with a letter from a gentleman of quality residing in the army, concerning the advancement of the army towards Oxford. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

1. text - The letters from His Maiesty, and from the officers of His Majesties army, to the Earle of Essex at Lestithen, inviting him to peace and his refusall thereof
2. text - The copy of a letter sent from His Excellencie Robert, Earle of Essex, to Mr. Pym, a member of the House of Commons also a order for the printing of Edw. Nicholas his letter, His Majesties secretary, to Sir Will. Boswell His Majesties resident with the States of the United Provinces ... together with the true relation of the passages at Sherbourn-Hill, which have relation to the aforesaid letters.
3. oxford - Exceeding joyfull nevves from the Earl of Essex, being a true and reall relation of his incompassing the Kings army neare the city of Oxford, Decemb. 7, and the great skirmish which they had at the same time also how Sir John Meldrum, and Collonell Langham drew out their two regiments of Blewcoaths, seven troops of horse, and 9 pieces of ordnance, and got beyond Oxford : and there set their men in battle array, raising two half-moons and planting their ordnance against the cavaleers : likewise the proceedings of the E. of Essex since his departure from the Earl of Northumberland, E. of Holland, E. of Pembroke, and the Lord Sey, at Windsor, Decemb. 5, and what skirmishes he had in his march towards Oxford.

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

1. text, shall, essex - A letter from the Earl of Essex to His Highnesse Prince Rupert concerning the putting to death of souldiers come out of Ireland taken prisoners : with His Highnesse answer thereunto.
2. text, essex, robert - The copy of a letter sent from His Excellencie Robert, Earle of Essex, to Mr. Pym, a member of the House of Commons also a order for the printing of Edw. Nicholas his letter, His Majesties secretary, to Sir Will. Boswell His Majesties resident with the States of the United Provinces ... together with the true relation of the passages at Sherbourn-Hill, which have relation to the aforesaid letters.
3. text, parliament, 1642 - Terrible nevves from York declaring the barbarous actions of the cavaliers at Yorke in plundering the houses, seizing the goods and imprisoning the persons of those citizens that refuse to contribute money to maintaine a war against the Parliament : having already plundered above twenty citizens houses and imprisoned diverse of the aldermen for not contributing money to maintain the foresaid war : also how they cruelly threaten to kill diverse godly and religious ministers in the said city if they will not preach as they would have them : also the Earle of Essex his instructions to the counties of Derby, Northampton, Warwick, and diverse other counties, to stand upon their guard and raise the power of the counties to withstand the cavaliers and prevent the like miseries and calamities in other parts of this Kingdome.
4. text, king, peace - The letters from His Maiesty, and from the officers of His Majesties army, to the Earle of Essex at Lestithen, inviting him to peace and his refusall thereof
5. oxford, decemb, army - Exceeding joyfull nevves from the Earl of Essex, being a true and reall relation of his incompassing the Kings army neare the city of Oxford, Decemb. 7, and the great skirmish which they had at the same time also how Sir John Meldrum, and Collonell Langham drew out their two regiments of Blewcoaths, seven troops of horse, and 9 pieces of ordnance, and got beyond Oxford : and there set their men in battle array, raising two half-moons and planting their ordnance against the cavaleers : likewise the proceedings of the E. of Essex since his departure from the Earl of Northumberland, E. of Holland, E. of Pembroke, and the Lord Sey, at Windsor, Decemb. 5, and what skirmishes he had in his march towards Oxford.

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

text, men, letter, images, books, xml, page, changes, end, horse, time, defects, transcription, day, forces, order, souldiers, image, words, history, power, work, life, annotation, purposes, p., walks, version, users, terms, support, stationer, spellings, review, reuse, phase, pfs, permission, network, microfilm, metadata, markup, manner, keying, kb, institutions, group, forms, format, enrichments

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

be, is, have, are, been, was, were, being, has, sent, encoded, aim, had, taken, do, according, said, performed, made, read, concerning, making, given, publish, take, having, owned, make, distributed, assigned, asking, tokenized, support, scanned, reviewed, restoring, providing, proofread, printed, preserves, modified, meant, includes, give, edited, described, copied, coded, co, civilwar

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

essex, parliament, earle, earl, robert, commons, tcp, london, sir, english, army, lord, devereux, majesty, wing, text, king, excellency, transcribed, god, england, thomason, printed, kingdome, majesties, house, prince, generall, houses, religion, oxford, lords, hath, great, britain, universal, title, tiff, st., short, sampled, qc, proquest, project, phase, partnership, online, notre, morphadorner, mo

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

his, i, their, they, them, your, it, our, he, we, you, my, him, me, us, themselves, himself, vvith, yours, theirs, her, vp, severall, ours, ''em

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

early, other, english, many, great, such, textual, same, true, good, easier, tractable, suitable, standardized, standard, seekest, professional, markup, keyboarded, financial, enriched, digital, commercial, collaborative, available, last, severall, own, like, humble, proofread, more, full, known, common, ready, much, greatest, first, present, late, diverse, particular, most, least, wicked, speedy, happy, few, confident

not, so, online, also, very, more, now, even, up, fully, then, above, about, linguistically, computationally, therefore, well, most, likewise, out, early, together, away, there, thereof, as, hereby, here, ever, still, onely, forth, whatsoever, further, already, much, long, too, therein, proofread, hereafter, yet, presently, just, ill, otherwise, never, neere, in, faithfully

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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