A sermon preached before the King, at Whitehall, on the second of December, 1697. Being the day of thanksgiving for the peace. / By the Right Reverend Father in God, Gilbert, Lord Bishop of Sarum. Burnet, Gilbert, 1643-1715. 1698 Approx. 56 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 20 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2005-10 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A30451 Wing B5907 ESTC R21499 12683145 ocm 12683145 65701 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A30451) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 65701) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 682:16 or 1923:8) A sermon preached before the King, at Whitehall, on the second of December, 1697. Being the day of thanksgiving for the peace. / By the Right Reverend Father in God, Gilbert, Lord Bishop of Sarum. Burnet, Gilbert, 1643-1715. [4], 31, [1] p. Printed for Ri. Chiswell, at the Rose and Crown in St. Paul's Church-yard., London : MDCXCVIII. [1698] Advertisement: p. [1] at end. Wing B5909 mis-identified as a "second" edition. Cf. ESTC. Item at reel 682:16 identified as Wing B5907; item at reel 1923:8 identified as B5909. Reproduction of original in Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery and British Museum. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. 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A SERMON Preached before the KING , At WHITEHALL , On the Second of DECEMBER , 1697. BEING The Day of Thanksgiving For the PEACE . By the Right Reverend Father in God , GILBERT , Lord Bishop of SARUM . LONDON : Printed for Ri. Chiswell , at the Rose and Crown in St. Paul's Church-yard . MDCXCVIII . THE Bishop of SALISBURY'S THANKSGIVING-SERMON For the PEACE . 2 CHRON. IX . 8. Blessed be the Lord thy God , which delighted in thee , to set thee on his throne to be King for the Lord thy God : because thy God loved Israel , to establish them for ever , therefore made he thee King over them , to do judgment and justice . THESE are the words of an Arabian Queen , who was so moved with a Noble Curiosity , raised by the same of Solomon's Wisdom , that she undertook a Journey from the utmost parts of the earth , furnished her self both with an Equipage and Presents suitable to her Rank , and also with Questions , by which she might judge whether Fame had not too much heightned this great King's Character . She could not believe the half of what she had heard ; and having probably a good opinion of her own Understanding , she resolved to try His with those Questions that puzzled her self . But when she came , and found that Report , instead of magnifying matters , had been very defective ; when she observed the compass of his Knowledge , with the depth of his Mind , and that he applied his Speculations to the Arts of Government , as well as to the Contemplations of Nature ; when she saw his vast Designs of Buildings ( his own as well as God's House ) so wonderfully executed ; the Treasures he was heaping up , and the Methods of Trade he was setting on , for procuring constant and fresh Supplies ; and that he could join the Magnificence that belonged to his Character , with the more Real Greatness of his own Comprehensive Mind : So that while he employed his Thoughts in the Sublimest Enquiries , he did not neglect even those Lesser ones , of External Grandeur , which how inconsiderable soever they may seem , to a Soul capable of vaster things , yet are necessary to maintain those Impressions of Awe and Respect which give Authority to Government : When she saw the State in which he was served , the Pomp of his Retinue , and his glorious Processions to the Temple , she was overcome with Wonder ; she despised her own Dignity and Kingdom : And thought that the Subjects and Servants of such a Prince , were happier than the Sovereigns of other Nations . Her admiration of this being above all ordinary Expressions , she vents it in those Raptures that I have read . She adores the Great Jehovah of the Jews , who had taken pleasure in advancing One who so well deserved it , and who imployed it so worthily , in raising the Honour of that God who had so eminently exalted him : From hence she concluded , That certainly God loved that Nation , whom he had blessed with such a Prince , by whose Wisdom and Conduct they were in all probability to be established on the firmest Basis : The best Principles and Measures of Government , which would make them Sure and Lasting . Establish them for ever . For she could not think but that so extraordinary a Blessing must be designed for great Ends. Such a King would certainly govern them both with Judgment and Justice . Two words that seem to signify the same thing ; yet the Masters of that Language put this difference , That the former relates to the Rewarding , and the latter to the Punishing part of Justice . So wise a King would maintain a severe Execution of Law against Offenders , and be no less careful to find out the Men of Merit , and to trust , advance , and reward these . Certainly such a Prince , and such an Administration are so great Blessings , and so much the greater , because so little Common , so few Instances of them occurring , either in the Observation of the present Age , or the Records of past times ; that wheresoever we meet them , we ought to acknowledge they are the special Favours of Heaven , and the most distinguishing Marks of God's loving a Nation . The Blessings we now enjoy , and that great One which at this time we do particularly Acknowledge , do so naturally carry us to Devotions like those in my Text , that all my Hearers must be beforehand with me in the Application . But in our Case there are some Specialties that give it a peculiar Exaltation : Solomon had his Crown , his Treasures and Armies transmitted down to him ; Conquests were made for him , he himself had gone through none of those Scenes of Horror , but had an easy Inheritance conveyed from his Father , without Battels or Blood , Fatigue or Danger : He was Bred up to the Maxims of Government and acquainted with all his Father's Secrets , his Designs as well as his Conduct ; so that he began upon great Advantages : David's Long and Glorious Reign before him , had prepared Peoples Hearts to Love and Obey him , who was God's Choice as well as his Father's . The Building so Magnificent a Temple in the beginnings of his Quiet and Auspicious Reign , made him the Delight and Wonder of his People . Thus the Causes of his being so Great and Prosperous , were very visible . If then the Queen of Sheba was so struck with seeing Solomon in all his glory , with how much louder Accents ought we to carry on the Hallelujahs of This Day , who see a Prince Raised and Conducted by such a special train of Amazing Providences , without any of those Supports , that every Step he has made , carries in it Characters of a particular Direction from Heaven ! He has , indeed , the Blood of Sovereigns in him , but his Crowns are the Gifts of Heaven . The Two Great Heroes of the last Age , the Defenders of Religion , and the Patrons of Liberty , were proper Sources to give Life and Descent to One , in whom their Characters were to be Exalted , as well as their Dignity was to be Raised . They were Both of a Race of Sovereigns : One was of the First Form ; but what might be wanting in the Extent of their Territories , and the Lustre of their Coronets , was fully made up in those truly Royal Accomplishments of their Minds . They were Capable of the greatest things , and Acted in a Sphere suited to their Capacity : They Talked little , but did Wonders : They had all the Gravity , as well as all the Virtues of Religion in them , without the Affectations of Shew or Hypocrisy : They had none of the Arts of Flattery or Insinuation , yet could bring vast Multitudes to Depend on them , to Trust to them , and to Obey them . They had Souls of so peculiar a Make , that they seemed Born to Animate whole Nations to a pitch of their own Courage , to a like Zeal for Religion , and a like Love of Liberty . They lived Great , but died Greater ; the greater for the conjunction of their Descent , the mixing those Noble Qualities of their Minds , as well as their Blood. The Issue of such a Union was designed to Perfect the Work which they had begun ; That seemed Buried with them , but was to have a second and nobler revival in One , whose Composition from such Principles gave a just hope to expect all that we do now see . One Character belonged to them both so equally , that no wonder if in the Conjunction it is carried to a further Perfection . They wrestled through great Difficulties , and as great Misfortunes , but with so firm a Constancy , that no cross Adventures could ever damp them , or sink them even to the hearkning to any Propositions , other than what they had pretended to in their most prosperous Condition . So little Power had Fortune over their Minds , unless it was to animate them with so fresh a Courage , that they rose by Misfortunes : They never had better Armies about them , than soon after they had met with such Checks , that their Enemies look'd on them as lost , without a Possibility of Recovery . The Two greatest Powers then in Europe , after they had found them too hard for them in the Gallanter Methods of War , were not ashamed to betake themselves to the Baser ones of Treachery and Assassination . Souls so Brave and so Candid as theirs , were not capable of believing their Enemies so black , as they , or rather as their Friends , felt them to be . But so entire was their Love to Religion and their Countrey , that as they Both perished in the Cause , so One of them in the Agony into which the Fatal Bullet put him , having but a Minute for one single Thought , he ended his Life as he had led it ; he died praying for that People for whom he had lived so long : Feeling he could live no longer , he expired with this Word in his Mouth , Have Mercy on this People . Yes , Great Soul , thy Prayer was heard ; and from thee One springs , in whom God signalizes his Mercy , not to that People only , but to a great many others , who share with them in this Extraordinary Grace ; the more extraordinary for this , that it is not restrained to one single Nation , but is a Deliverance to Mankind . These Advantages meeting in One Person , set him indeed above the common Level . A Greatness that passed down through Three Successors , who maintained the Lustre of the First Raiser of that State , with a Glory suitable to its wonderful Beginnings , was at last brought under a Cloud , that so the Favour of Heaven might shine the brighter on Him in whom it was to be revived . The Accession of Royal Blood had indeed exalted the Race , and seemed to bring it nearer to that Imperial Dignity , with which it had shined some Ages ago ; but it raised Jealousy , as much as it advanced their Scutcheon . The Ruins of Monarchy here , helped to draw down a Family allied to it ; but the Restoration of it did not contribute to its Recovery . That was to be the immediate Care and Work of Heaven . An Inundation of Conquest and Calamity , forced a sinking State to seek for Shelter to the Issue of that Race to which it owed its first Rise . An ordinary Courage would have sunk at the Undertaking . It look'd like the raising one up only to bear the Burthen and Reproach of their Ruin. The Prospect was on all hands so black , that Posterity will reckon their Recovery with that of the Romans after Cannae . If it were proper for this Place , it were easy to shew that theirs was the much more desperate State of the two : The Turn was signal , the Effects of it were soon visible , though the Conclusion may seem to have come on but slowly ; for now we see a Career run of almost Six and twenty Years , to which we may challenge the Histories of all Ages to give a Parallel . A Mighty Power , Great Armies , well Commanded , an Uncontroul'd Authority , full of Treasure , and accustomed to Victory , was an Enemy , as it were marked out to raise the Character of Him , who with unequal Forces , and feebler Assistances , put a Stop to a Progress that amazed the World ; and made the greater part even of Princes to conclude , It was in vain to maintain the Struggle any longer ; it was better to prevent the Violence of Conquest , by submitting to what Terms could be got , none being thought worse than what was like to be the Issue of the War. No Life could be of more Importance than this , which seemed the Soul of the whole Alliance ; and yet none was more freely exposed , not only in the constant Fatigue of perpetual Journeys and Voyages , in the worst Seasons , with such an uninterrupted Continuance of lengthen'd Campaigns , that these alone might have worn out the firmest Stock of Health and Strength ; but in all the Adventures of War , in the greatest Heat of Action , and in the most desperate Posts . This was a fair offering himself to Danger : Gallant Men knew where to find him . In this only he seemed to forget the great Concern that others had in him , and exposed them all too much , while with a Noble Intrepidity , as one insensible of Danger , he past through many new Scenes of them ; but in which Heaven shewed so particular a Watchfulness , that the single Relation of them all , with his Deliverances out of them , would make a History . The surest as well as the swiftest Messenger of Death , attacking him in the View of Two Armies , and on the Eve of a deciding Day , seemed to be sent on purpose to let so many Witnesses see what an Invisible Guard was about him ; and that how near soever the greatest of all Dangers might come to him , yet it was to do him no other Hurt , than to leave so slight an Impression , as seemed only made to prove the Truth of so unusual an Accident ; that without an uncontested Evidence it could not easily be believed . But while Angels kept Guard about him on all Honourable Occasions , they were no less watchful in discovering and disappointing Blacker Methods , and Baser Designs . Those who thought not fit to venture on him in the Day of Battel , betook themselves to the most Infamous Practices . Designs of Assassination were pursued with such unrelenting Eagerness , that as soon as one failed , another was set on foot . A Mind not capable of these , was almost as little capable of believing them in others , as of practising them himself . There was no extraordinary Caution used , neither for penetrating into such Secrets , nor of keeping so strict a Guard , as appeared afterwards was necessary . Discoveries were made by a Particular Hand of Heaven : Men who were thought capable of executing the worst Designs , could not bear the Horror that This gave them . Those who were appointed to be the Instruments of our Ruin , proved the Means of our Preservation : I say , Our Preservation , because we owe it to the Influence of that Sacred Life . And now at last , after so hard a Struggle , such a lengthned War , so vast a Consumption of Men and Treasure , we celebrate the happy Peace and Tranquility that we , and the greatest part of Europe do now enjoy , through his means . Have we not reason to conclude that This is the day which the Lord has made ; that this is the Man whom he has made strong for himself , whom he has delighted to set on his Throne ? It is his doing , and it is wonderful in our eyes . The Characters of God's Care of his Affairs have been no less Signal , than those relating to his Person . Good Seasons and favourable Winds have attended constantly upon him . The critical Turns of those Winds that brought him first hither , were so amazing , that those who observed them , can never reflect on it without a constant freshness of Admiration . All the many Passages that he and his Forces have since that time made on the Seas , have been not only successful , but smooth and quick . On two great Occasions , Nature seemed to go out of its Course to cover us from Invasion . In the first , the calmest Month in the Year was a continued Storm , till we were ready to make use of fairer Weather , and then we had it ; and by a great variety of Circumstances , as happy to us as cross to our Enemies , we had the most glorious Day that ever the Channel saw ; Beacons of a new form ; Fires from the Sea carried the dismal Tidings to the adverse Shores , and scattered the Army lying ready to invade us . That seemed to put an end to all Dangers from that Element ; we were restored to our Empire on this Sea , which recovered and established our then sinking Reputation . We found at another time , a no less unusual reversing of Seasons ; we had a Winter that seemed to anticipate the Spring ; the Wind stood all the while in the warm Corner , and broke the designs of sending a great part of our Naval Strength from us . We little knew our danger , and that all this was stopt by a watchful Interposition , to cover us from a second Design of Invasion ; we were uneasy to see the Season so obstinately good , so contrary to our Intentions , and to what was to be expected at that time ; but we afterwards had large opportunities to observe the kind Direction of Heaven that made the Seasons wait on us , and as it were conspire to break their own Laws , rather than suffer a Breach to be made upon Us. Other favourable Circumstances shewed us also how God delighted to maintain him on the Throne , under whose Shadow we are all to sit safe . Plenty at home made us easy under all the Charge of the War ; and while our Neighbours ( for we have now no more any Enemies ) were much pressed with even the extremities of Want , under those vast Impositions that lay on them , we had enough and to spare ; to furnish the rest of the World , and to supply that great waste of Treasure , which came back in some Years faster then it went out . And after all the unconceivable Expence of the War , with all the Losses we made in it , yet if it had not been for the wicked Practises of those Corrupters of our Coin at home , with all the Train of mischievous Consequences that have followed upon them , which was an Evil of our own growth , and that had no relation to the Affairs abroad , we had gone through it without feeling any uneasy pressure by it . But that we have been able to provide effectual Remedies to the one , while at the same time we have so gloriously maintained , and now so happily finished the other , is a secret Indication of the Power and Riches of the Nation , in this Reign , of which perhaps the most Sanguine could not have been convinced , if they had not seen it . Add to all this , the noble Triumphs of Liberty . One of the Common Topicks of the Enemies of Publick Liberty , is , That upon great occasions , the Divisions in Councils , and the length of Debates that do naturally arise in Free Assemblies , bring such a backwardness and slowness on their Deliberations , that the best Opportunities of acting are lost while they are consulting . Here the Publick Interest was so visible , that a concurrence beyond all former Examples , has appeared in supporting Undertakings that seemed above the Strength and Wealth of the Nation . Nor could such a Treasure have been raised by all the Efforts of Arbitrariness ; for nothing but the Certainties of the Faith given by the Body of the Nation , could have created the Credit that was necessary in such unusual Supplies . These went on with that Unanimity and Heartiness , that we have reason to put this among the great Articles of that over-ruling Providence that has watched over us . If at any time insuperable Difficulties made the Publick Consultations go heavily , the Season was stopt , the Course of Nature seem'd to stand still , till we were ready for it . So wonderful a Conduct has appeared both at home and abroad , and in all the Elements , as if every thing had been set at Work , either to do us Good , or at least to shelter us from Evil. I reckon not among the happy Instances of God's Care of us , our being preserved from the restless Attempts of some wretched Incendiaries among our selves , those Betrayers of Religion and their Country . They are too inconsiderable , to be ranked among the Occasions for which we do now celebrate the Blessings of Heaven . If their Power and Skill had been equal to their Malice , we should indeed have had great reason to rejoice that we have been preserved from a Race of Men , whose Tongues have been set on Fire , while the Poyson of Asps seemed to lie under their Lips : but the one has proved as contemptible , as the other was odious . They ought not to be mentioned in a time of rejoycing , in which , Objects that give Horror , ought to be kept out of sight ; yet , how little reason soever we may have either to value , or to love them , we ought still to pity them , and to pray for them , that if possible , they may be recovered out of the Gall of Bitterness , and the Bond of Iniquity . Let us turn to Nobler Objects , and rejoice in the Glory of God , and in our own Happiness , while we see who is the Man whom God delights to honour : whom by a concurrence of many Providences he first led to his Throne , and whom he has hitherto maintain'd on it by as many more : and has now given him as full an Establishment upon it , as Humane things are capable of . He has made his Enemies to be at Peace with him : and while the much greater half of Europe own him to be its Recoverer and Restorer , the rest do now unanimously call him that , which He is , Independent on all Foreign Acknowledgments , THE RIGHTFVL AND LAWFVL KING OF THESE REALMS . And to make the Parallel to my Text run exactly , a much greater King , lying at a vaster Distance , leaves his Throne and Dominions in the midst of War , struck with the Fame , and amazed at the Actions of this Prince . Instead of a little Southern Queen , a mighty Northern Emperour , cover'd with Laurels , and us'd to Victories , resolving to raise his Nation , and enlarge his Empire , comes to learn the best Methods of doing it , and goes away full of Wonder , possessed with truer Notions of Government . But while we humbly adore those Instances of the good Pleasure of our God towards his Anointed ; let us also with the same holy Gratitude observe how he has shewed that he loved us , as well as that he delighted in him , who now sits on the Throne . We are separate from the Continent ; and were cut off from the great Affairs of the World , till Navigation and Trade brought us into them , with the more advantage ; because our Situation keeps us at a Distance from the Confusions of War , and secures us from the Inroads and Depredations of Enemies ; while the Sea that covers us , gives us also a Passage to let in their Wealth among us , and to pour out our Force upon them . Our Seas and our Fleets are both our Fences and our Mines : which others seem to work for us , and give us no other trouble about them , but that of a safe Conveyance . All this , how flourishing soever , yet gave us but a melancholy Prospect , while we saw a mighty Rival so near us , rising up to an Equality with us , in that which was our Strength as well as our Glory . The Counsels at home were then employ'd in Designs of another nature : they were laying down Methods to subvert our Constitution , to corrupt our Senate , and destroy such as were above their Practice . The Laws of England , the Charters of our Towns , as well as the Great Charter of the Nation , our Religion and Liberty , were all the Conquests that were then projected : while the Safety of the Whole at home , and the Security of our Neighbours about us , were abandoned . So the beloved Design prospered , it seemed to be laid down for a Maxim , That it was better to Reign at the Discretion of a mighty Prince , than under the Restraint of Laws , which was called the Reigning at the Discretion of Subjects . So infatuated we were , that a Competition , or rather a Superiority , in that which hitherto we claimed as a Property , gave us no Jealousie ; we seemed pleased with it , and were glad to promote it . We had so far retir'd our selves from that Share which we naturally ought to have in the Publick Concerns of Europe , that we seemed to forget them : We had so much Work at home , that there was no room for Foreign Speculations . We had been engaged once and again into Wars with those , who , as they are our near Neighbours , so have been in all Ages our faithfullest Allies : We fell into Contentions at home , by the Direction of our Enemies , who plaid us so dexterously one against another , that they hoped to have done the best half of their Work , by making us first hate and then destroy one another ; while they were ever ready to support those , whose Passions and Circumstances might contribute the most for carrying on their Designs . All this seemed too slow , to those who thought they lost time ; and therefore began to quicken their Pace , and make a little more haste in destroying us . Then it was fit for God to interpose , when All was struck at . There was no Prospect of Deliverance , but from one single Corner , and even that seemed doubtful . It was the Reverse of Elijah's Vision ; one Hand breadth of a Cloud in a clear Sky gave him the welcome Hopes of the Rain he pray'd for : Here the whole Sky seemed set for Storms and Thunder , while but one Speck of Blue appeared in the whole Horizon : Who could have thought that this should have conquered all the Clouds , and have given the Heavens and the Earth a new Face ? All Eyes turned that way , because it was plain there was no other Hope left us : Yet many thought it was too great an Attempt to be expected from the cold and cautious Counsels of a State , naturally slow , and apprehensive Danger . The Interpositions of Providence were not wanting in this Extremity ; many favourable Accidents concurr'd ; Popular Assemblies agreed then so unanimously together , that there was not Opposition enough made to create Delays . The STATES seemed to rejoyce , that an Opportunity offer'd it self in this Age , for them to repay what they had been owing to England ever since the last . And they were willing to perish with us , if we could not both flourish together . An advanced Season made the Sea less practicable : All was to be put to hazard ; because all lay at stake . A long Course of cross Winds and rough Weather in the beginning , looked like the Frowning of Heaven . The first Attempt was unprosperous : This would have shaken any Mind less firm than that which animated the whole Undertaking . A Constancy was then observed so steady and inflexible , that not so much as an Inequality of Temper could be discovered . The Unsuccessfulness of the first Step would have damped a Mind that was either feeble or superstitious ; tho' our returning all safe after three Days tossing in a Storm , was an Earnest of a particular Care even in that seeming Disappointment . But after the Roughness of the Season had continu'd long enough , to teach us all to depend a little more on Providence , and to apply our selves more earnestly to him that rules the Seas , and the Winds at his pleasure , and after there was a full and visible Experiment made of the Steadiness of him , on whose Mind Seas nor Storms could make no Impression , then God commanded the Winds , and rebuked the Seas , and after that first Rub , all our Affairs were so conducted , that every thing succeeded , beyond our Hopes , I had almost said , beyond our VVishes . An orderly March of a friendly tho' foreign Army , an unstained Victory , an overturning of that which had design'd all our Ruine , by their own Counsels and Practices , a sinking of Heart and a Giddiness of Head among them , made the way smooth . Then we saw that Success , in its turn , had as little power to exalt , as Misfortunes had to depress a Soul , raised above both . An abandon'd Nation sought for shelter to him , to whom the chief of them had before sought for Relief . All Men were left to the Freedom that became such important Deliberations , without any disturbance . Neither Violence nor Threatnings were used , no not so much as the secret Arts of Practice or Insinuation . Some thonght there was a Coldness of Behaviour express'd on that occasion , that seemed too Indifferent : but the Directions of Providence were depended on ; Men were left to themselves , or rather to that invisible Chain which encompasses and governs all things here below . We pass'd from the Extremities of Danger , to an entire Establishment , without those Intervals of Confusion , that may be well look'd for in so great a Turn . When we reflect on all this , and on what has happened since , which must be too present to our Thoughts to need any further Enlargement , have we not reason to conclude , that God loved our Nation ; and that because he has loved us , he has set such a King over us ? Indeed it is much easier to observe , how God has loved us , than to find out the Reason of his doing it , When we look at our selves , at what we were then , and what we have been ever since , and continue still to be , we can hardly give our selves any good Account of those Distinctions of Providence , in which we have had so large a share . It is true , our Religion , our Doctrines , our Worship , and our Constitution are pure : but those we owe to the last Age , and to the Laws then made about them . All that belongs to us from them , is the Reproach of corrupting our selves under such Advantages : and our refining upon the Immoralities that are but too common to Mankind at all times , by the Profanations and Impieties of the present Age. A new Species of Wickedness , that perhaps has never appeared with such Impudence , and in such bold Instances as among us ; and yet God has loved this Nation . We must without any Compliment acknowledge , it is not for our sake , for any Worth or previous Merit in us : but we may allow our selves to hope , that tho' we have no Title to this Love , and that it did not find us worthy of it , yet it will have those Effects on us , that may engage us to answer its Design , so far at least that we may not quite forfeit it . Who knows the Secrets of God's Counsels , or what lies hid under all that train of extraordinary Circumstances that we have seen ? Whether we are at last to be reformed by them , and to be made the Instruments of spreading the Light of the Gospel in its Purity , to other Nations , as we have been already honoured to be the Instruments in this Glorious Reign , to give the Affairs of Europe another Face , a truer Balance , and the Prospect of a firmer Establishment ? For let the Men of Envy and Ill-nature look thro' our whole History , and see where they can find , in any Age since we were a Nation , that we appear'd with so much Glory , and made so great a Figure , not only over our Neighbourhood , but over the whole VVorld , as we do in this Reign . This disposes a Man to hope , that the whole Designs of Heaven are not yet accomplished : but that what we have seen is a Noble Pledge of somewhat further , that is yet hid in the Counsels of God , but is to break out in due time . There is no need of great Meditation , of much searching into History , and a depth of Thought , to comprehend this , That Good and Bad Princes are among the chief Instances , in which the Love or Anger of Heaven do discover themselves . What greater Blessings can be hoped for on Earth , than from the Reign of PRINCES , that have in them the true Elevations of Greatness , tempered with the Bowels and Compassions of good Nature ; that are faithful Observers of their Promises , and are severe Lovers of Truth ; that not only maintain the Sacred Regards that are due to Equity and Justice , but do generously reward those whom Merit distinguishes , how little soever they may press forward themselves , being as modest as they are deserving . PRINCES , I say , who treasure up the Services of their People , and surprise them with such Rewards as become Royal Minds : So that the Fortunes of their Subjects are owing to the Value they set on them , without those Abatements that will always be made in the Acknowledgment s , when Importunity or Intercessions are thought to have a large share in the Success . A PRINCE , who observes well and thinks much , who descends oft to the Equalities of Friendship with his Subjects ; who hears the Petitions of the oppressed , and hearkens to the Suggestions of the wise and good ; a PRINCE , who has the Just and Noble Ambition of meriting Fame and Glory , without the troublesome Vanity of shewing it ; who deserves all the Returns of Duty and Gratitude from his People , without being fond of hearing or seeing it express'd , tho' in the highest Forms of a Just Magnificence ; who is satisfied with this , that it is apparent what all Men must think , tho' it is not easie to them to find out the properest Methods of setting that forth ; which sometimes may shew greater , when Surprize does so fill the Mind , that Men must be silent , because they feel that Language is not copious enough to furnish suitable Expressions to such an overcoming Joy ; such a PRINCE as this , will still be owned as one of the best Gifts of Heaven . Forced Rhetorick , and hired Panegyricks lie thick in the Lives of some Princes who have deserved them the least . Perhaps Commodus had as many Flatterers , as his Incomparable Father had silent Admirers . The best Princes are those who feel the pleasure of making their People happy most sensibly , and yet are uneasie and in pain , when in compliance with what is not only decent but almost necessary on Solemn Occasions , they submit to hear it acknowledged , tho' in Strains far below the Dignity and Majesty of the Subject . But the Happiness of good Government is then best felt , when set in opposition to all that Train of Blood and Cruelty , of Injustice and Rapine , of a dissolution of Morals , and a scorn of Religion that blacken a bad Reign . Princes who have a wrong set of Mind , wrong Notions of Government , and worse of Religion , who are corrupted by their own Principles , and more by the Power that they suffer others to have over them , are apt to grow to Excesses that are as insufferable to Mankind , as they themselves are incapable of Cure. Accidents , how unusual soever , cannot reform them , they grow rather the worse for them . Justinian the Second , delivered himself up to Tyranny and to Favourites ; to whom he gave such an unbounded Authority , that his nearest Relations felt a large measure of it , and that in barbarous Instances . He was carried so far , as to deliver Constantinople to them to be a Scene of Horrour and Massacre . Such a pitch in Cruelty animated the World against him : He was judged incapable of Government . He had a mark set on him indeed , but he was sent to live in Exile , where he continued ten Years . Two Emperours reigned in that Interval ; Discontents arose at last , and a proper Season appear'd for him to attempt again . A great Party of Justinianites was formed in Constantinople , who invited him over ; when he crossed the Sea , a Storm had well nigh saved that effusion of Blood that was occasiond by his Restoration . One about him ventur'd in that Extremity , to suggest to him that he should vow , that if God would deliver him from that imminent Danger , he would pardon all his Enemies : But so fierce a thing is a Savage Tyrant , that even under all those Fears , he could not be softned for one single minute , but said , may I perish in this Storm , if I ever pardon one of them : He was as good as his Word . After his Party had made him Master of the Empire , he discharged his first Fury on those who had possessed the Throne : He made two of them to be brought to him ; he had the Brutality to trample on their Necks , repeating these Words of the Psalmist , Thou shalt tread upon the Lion and the Adder : And after some other Inventions of infamous Usage , he put them cruelly to death ; tho' they had let him live , when he was in their Power . Next , he gave scope to his Rage against all those who had been concern'd in the Revolution ; both they and their Children were destroy'd , without either Mercy or the Forms of Justice : And because he had been ill used in the place of his Exile , the Country now Inhabited by the Crim-Tartars , he resolved to destroy , or to use a Modern word , to execute the whole Country . His Army thought they had obeyed his Cruel Commands , when they had Murdered all , both Men and Women : They indeed spared the Children ; they thought they could not be within their Orders ; they might be sold for Slaves , or trained up to War. They were bloody enough , but not to the pitch of a Tyrant's Cruelty . He resolv'd to satiate his Revenge , even with the blood of Innocents ; and ordered them all to be shipt and brought to him . They were upwards of Seventy Thousand . A Storm fell upon them , they all perished in the Euxine , where they found a milder Fate than was prepared for them : This gave him great joy , because they had all perished ; it had been greater , if he had glutted his own Eyes with so inhumane a sight ; but the Pleasure lasted not long ; he had now raised all Mankind against him , his own Army abhorr'd him . The second Revolt ended more Tragically ; they were not then contented to stigmatize him as before , both he and his Son were cruelly put to death . This Meditation may seem to go too far from the joyfulness of the present Occasion ; but perhaps nothing can make us feel it so sensibly , as the remembring that we have been deliver'd from , and the considering what might have been the Consequences of a fatal Relapse . It remains that we look at the Ends of Government as they are express'd by the Queen in my Text. The two great ones are in these words , with relation to God , to be King for the Lord thy God , and with relation to the People , to establish them for ever : Then follows the standing Maxims of a good King , in the course of his Administration , to do Judgment and Justice ; to execute Law , to punish and reward , leaving the severer part to Just and Impartial Judges , and taking the Nobler one of Rewarding , under his own Care and management . To be King for the Lord his God , is plainly to Govern in God's stead : To consider Power and Authority as a derivation from him , which will be then best applied , when the first and chief of the Princes cares is , to Maintain and raise the Honour of Religion . Solomon began his Reign with the Executing David's Designs , and the employing his Treasures , in building a Temple of that Glory and Magnificence , that it may be justly reckoned among the Wonders of the World. This was suitable to Natural Religion , and more particularly to that Dispensation then Instituted by God ; which was to have its last Finishing , in this great Structure , and in the exact Observance of all those Rules and Orders that had been settled by David . In all this , he was to Reign for the Lord his God , to reduce the People that was so fond of outward State and Solemnity , that they were thereby much disposed to Idolatry , and to make them delight the more in the Worship of God , by such a compliance with their Inclinations . But the chief Instances in which he was to Rule for the Lord his God , were the recommending Piety and Holiness by his own Example , and the encouraging it by his Authority . His Prayer in Dedicating the Temple , gives a Noble Instance of the Impressions that Religion had made upon his own Mind . Certainly those who reckon the Title of Defender of the Faith one of the peculiar Glories of the Crown , will apply their Thoughts with a particular Zeal to every thing that may promote Religion , both in their own Dominions , and out of them . The Decencies as well as the Solemnities of the Worship of God , will not be thought below their Care. But above all things , the Contempt and Scorn of Sacred matters , is that against which they will turn their indignation with the warmest Zeal , and against those who do , as it were , attack Heaven , and make War upon it , who Study to render Religion as Contemptible to others , as they have made it look to themselves . What Prince cou'd suffer a subordinate Magistrate under him , who should bear with all the Affronts put on Majesty , as long as the lower respects due to himself were observed . This may teach them with how just a Zeal they should punish those bold Attempts against Heaven , tho' made by some who pretend to Zeal and Affection to themselves . Such Persons instead of Supporting the Throne , pull it down , by engaging Heaven against all that they undertake . It is a degree of Compliance with thei● wickedness , to be pleased with them , to trust them or to shew them favour . But it is not enough not t● seem to be of the side of those who fight against God or to abett them . Princes who Rule for God , enter into all the true Concerns of Religion , tho' not indeed into the Passions and Violences of those who espouse it : While they check these , they will promote the other in the most effectual manner . An unblemish't Pattern set by themselves in the Purity and Probity of their own Deportment , will give the fullest Authority to all their other Designs . Next to their Persons , their chief Care will be the reforming of their Court and Houshold , and the letting it appear that Vertue and Religion are reckoned among the first and most indispensible Qualities of those who may pretend to Favour : And that Vice and Impiety are insuperable barrs in the way to it . Princes who Govern so , that they Rule for God , may justly expect that he will Watch over them and Protect them : That he will make their Crown sit sure and easie , and their Thrones safe and fix'd under them . The Second Design for which such Kings are raised up , is , because God loves their People , that by their means they may be established for ever , that is , in the Jewish Phrase for a long time . A Happy tempering of Government at Home , a subduing of Enemies abroad , and a ballancing of Neighbours so equally , that none of them may grow beyond their pitch , are the surest Methods for arriving at a fixed Establishment . We were so shaken at Home , that the Foundations of our Government seem'd to be undermined ; not only by open and violent Attacks upon Liberty and Property , but likewise by the more cover'd , tho' no less dangerous Invasions , made under the pretences of Law , but against the plainest Intentions of it . Colours were oft given to excuse that , which in it self carried such a Face of Injustice , that without those Masks , it could not have passed upon a free People . Success in some of these Attempts encouraged the Contrivers to a further prosecuting of them ; so that there was scarce any part of our Law left , which those Harpies had not touch'd , and by touching defil'd . The happiness of this Reign is , that in it all those Attempts made on Law and Liberty , have been stigmatiz'd , as they well deserv'd to be , but with such mildness towards those who had offended , hurried on in the Croud , or betray'd by their Fears , that those who understand not how boundless a thing Royal Clemency ought to be , have , from thence , pretended to infer , That the not punishing Offenders , was a Confession , that their actings were Legal and Innocent : But a Government that was Merciful as well as Just , was as gentle in punishing past : Offences , as it intended to be exact to provide against the like for the future . The Laws have been fortified by new Explanations , which assure us of their true meaning . These have deliver'd us for the future , from the Practices of those Corrupters ▪ of Justice , and Enemies to Liberty ; nor is this all , but where our Ancient Constitution seem'd defective , and had not guarded enough against the Fraud of Sycophants , it has been fortify'd by the addition of further Securities , which as Buttresses were judged necessary to support the Fabrick . The bringing matters on the other side of the Sea , to juster proportions , the raising of some depressed Princes , and the limiting others that were over-grown , has laid the Fears that the World had fall'n under , of being overpower'd by a New Monarchy , and has provided for our own quiet , by stopping the progress that was made upon our Neighbours , by which we have secured to our selves , all the returns of gratitude , acknowledgment , and dependence , that can be expected in such cases . Both Ancient and Modern Writers have thought that Theodosius Conquering Maximus , and Restoring Valentinian the Second , not only his own share of the Empire , but to Gratian's likewise , was a Subject fit for Rhetorick : Yet that cost him but one Campaign , and in it there were only two days of Action , neither the Charge nor the Danger were extraordinary . Besides , that it was a just gratitude to Gratian's Memory , who had raised him to a Partnership with him in the Empire , to revenge his Death , and to Restore his Brother . How much juster is the Panegyrick ! when we see a Prince in a course of many Years carry on a War thro' infinite Dangers , and at an inestimable Charge , and that only to preserve the States of Neighbouring Princes , without any other Advantage , but the Pleasure of having Protected the Oppressed , and of having secured the Neighbourhood ; not reserving any one Place , either as a Pledge upon his Allies , or an encrease of Dominion to himself . In all Ages Princes have been ready to assist their Neighbours with Auxiliary Troops , and sometimes with hired Armies ; but it is the peculiar glory of this Age , that we see a King , who has maintain'd a long War , led the Armies , and exposed himself to innumerable hazards , only to maintain others in their Right . If this adds nothing to his Crown , yet as it makes it fit the firmer , so it must be acknowledged , that it makes it shine the brighter : The Gems of it have a peculiar Lustre , a Glory of which former Ages cannot boast . This is indeed to answer that Character to which all Princes pretend , how few soever of them study to deserve it , of being God's Representatives , and Vicegerents , who takes pleasure in delivering the Oppressed , setting him at liberty from him that puffeth at him . Thus we see what are the two great Ends of Government , as they are set forth by this Southern Queen : Next let us view the Measures to be kept in the Administration ; to do Judgment and Justice . The Generosities as well as the Severities of Government , are believed to be implyed in these two . The rigour of Punishment being the harder part , not so natural to Minds of the best Mold , is to be left to the Persons of that Robe , who ought to be so chosen , that they be Men fearing God , hating Gifts , and eschewing Covetousness . They minister in the less acceptable part ; and to them it ought to be left , except when the interposition of a just Mercy softens the rigour of strict Justice . I say a just Mercy , for there are Mercies that are cruel . When upon false suggestions , Blood is cover'd , or encouragement is given to enormous Criminals , when they have the hopes of Favour , especially when they see that it may be purchased , this will soon dissolve the Strength as well as the Order of Societies . Princes , by so doing , render themselves , in some sort , accessary to all the Crimes that happen to be committed afterwards , by those whom , thro' a feebleness of Grace , they have rescued from deserved Punishment . Judgment is the more acceptable part . The Branches of this are the distributing of Trusts and Rewards , the delivering the Oppressed , and the relieving the Necessitous , beginning at those who are brought low by a heavy share in common Calamities , especially those of War , which entitle them to more special degrees of the Prince's Favour and Bounty . There is in all this such a shadow of Divinity , that in it lies the Noblest part of a King's Prerogative . It is not he but the Law that punishes the Bad ; but the distinguishing , the employing , the honouring and rewarding of those who deserve well of him and the Publick , is singly in him . All must owe this only to the Bounty of the Prince ; yet the whole is a Trust from Heaven ; and those who Rule for God and the good of their People , will manage this , as knowing that they must answer it to the King of Kings . This Subject is too tender to be enlarged on by any Person below that High Dignity , let us then hear the Resolutions of a Good , as well as a Warlike King , when he found himself setled on the Throne , to which his Son had , no doubt , a particular regard . I will behave my self Wisely in a perfect Way : I will walk within my House with a perfect Heart : I will set no wicked Thing before mine Eyes , a froward Heart shall depart from me : I will not know a wicked Person . Who so privily slandereth his Neighbour , him will I cut off ; him that hath a high Look , and a proud Heart , will I not suffer ▪ Mine Eyes shall be upon the Faithful in the Land , that they may dwell with me : He that walketh in a perfect Way he shall serve me : He that worketh Deceit , shall not dwell in my House : He that telleth Lies , shall not tarry in my sight . I add not the words that follow , for they seem too severe for the milder State of the Gospel : I will early destroy all the Wicked of the Land : There would be little occasion for this , if the former Resolutions were exactly maintain'd : Kings have a Dialect peculiar to themselves ; they will understand one anothers Language , and penetrate into their Thoughts ; therefore I will not presume to add to these Words either Paraphrase or Inferences . But now having looked over all that compass of Thoughts , to which this Noble Devotion of the Royal Traveller led us : It remains that we conclude , in turning the whole to Solemn Adorations , and to the Celebrating the goodness of God both to King and Kingdoms . Our Hearts are now so full of Joy , and our Mouths so full of Praise , that these will inflame us to Hallelujahs , equal , if not to the Occasion , for what can rise up to that ! yet to our strength , which will naturally carry us to the highest Transports , the loudest Acclamations , and the perfectest Harmony that we are capable of . This will go easily ; we can hardly restrain our selves from it : Our Thanksgivings must go further . We must study to express them in more valuable , as well as more lasting Instances . Let us remember and pay all the Vows that we made to God in our Days of Fasting and Prayer : Let us now resolve to live as a Nation deliver'd and Redeem'd of God , and blessed with the most special favour of Heaven : Let us walk suitably to that Light , and to those Advantages that we enjoy beyond all other Nations . Under God , the Fountain of our Life , as well as the giver of our Peace , let us make all the humblest returns of Duty and Gratitude , of Fidelity and Zeal , to our Great Deliverer . Let us continue our most earnest Prayers , as well as our highest Thansgiving to God for him . I will not suggest so Melancholy a Thought , as the change in Solomon's Reign : The difference between its bright Beginning and dark Conclusion . None , how Great , or how Wise soever , are so established in the ways of Vertue , as to be above Prayers , and beyond Temptations . Let us all therefore Pray that God may long Preserve the King whom he has set over us , and the Peace that by his means is procured to us . May his Reign of Peace be as Glorious , as his Course in War has been , but of a much longer continuance . May he be long the Delight of his People , the Arbiter of Europe , the Patron of Justice , and the Maintainer of Right all the World over . May the Nation still Flourish , and the Church be ever Glorious , by his Conduct and Care : And may he be as Happy in the Love of his Subjects , as he has made them safe under his Protection . To Conclude , in a Devotion Dictated by a Royal , as well as an Inspired Author . The Lord hear thee in the Day of Trouble , Send thee help from his Sanctuary , Grant thee according to thine own heart , and fulfil all thy Councels . The Lord fulfil all thy Petitions . We will rejoyce in thy Salvation . Now we know that the Lord saveth his Anointed : He will hear him from his holy Heaven . And we will remember the name of the Lord our God , for we are risen , and stand upright . O Lord save the King. And Mercifully hear us when we call upon thee . FINIS . Books lately Printed for Richard Chiswel . REelections upon a Libel Lately Printed ; Entituled ; [ The Charge of Socinianism against Dr. 〈◊〉 , 〈◊〉 . 〈◊〉 . The Church History of Ethiopia ; wherein , among other things , the two great splendid Roman Missions into that Empire are placed in their true Light ; to which are added an Epitome of the Dominican History of that Church . And an Account of the Practices and Conviction of Maria of the Annunciation , the Famous Nun of Lisbon . Composed by Michael Geddes , D. D. Chancellour of the Cathedral Church of Sarum , 8 vo . Mr. Whitefoot's Discourse of Charity , on 1 Peter 4. 8. Mr. Wharton's 14 Sermons before A. Bp Sancroft , in 1688 , 1689. with the Author's Life . Dr. John Conam's Sermons , in 2 Volumes . Published by Dr. Williams , now Lord Bishop of Chichester . The Fathers Vindicated : Or Animadversions on a Late Socinian Book , Entituled . [ The judgment of the Fathers touching the Trinity , against Dr. Bull 's Defence of the Nicene Faith. ] By a Presbyter of the Church of England , 8 vo . Dr. William ●● tram's 20 Sermons . Published by Dr. Gardener , now Ld. Bp. of Lincoln . The Present State of Germany , Written in Latin by the Learned Samuel Puffendorss , under the Name of Severinus de Monzabano Veronensis . Made English and continued by Edmund Bobun Esquire , 8 vo . Four Volumes of Archbishop Tillotson's Sermons . Published from the Originals by Ralph Barker D. D His Graces Chaplain . A Commentary on Genesis , Exodus , and Leviticus , by the R. R. Symon , Lord Bishop of Ely , in three Volumes , 4 to . A Map of the Diocess of Canterbury , with an Alphabetical Table of all the Rectories , Vicariges , Curacles , Peculiars , Chappels and Desolate Churches in the said Diocess , with the First Fruits . Drawn by the R.R. Dr. John Williams , Ld. Bp. of Chichester . In the Press A Fifth Volume of His Grace , Archbishop Tillotson's Sermons . Published by his Chaplain Dr. Barker . A Second Vol. of Mr. H. Wharton's Sermons before A. Bp. Sancroft , in the Year 1690. [ Which with the First Vol. lately . Published , are all the Preached . ] Primitive Christianity : Or the Religion of the Ancient , Christians in the first Ages of the Gospel . In three Parts , by William Cave , D. D. the Fifth Edition , 8 vo . A New Account of India and Persia in Eight Letters , being Nine Years Travel , begun in 1672. Containing a Description of the Countries , together with the Natural History of Vegetables ; Minerals , Jewels , and also a Collection of Coins and Weights usual in those places of Trade , By John Fryer , M. D. Cantabrig . SCRIPTORUM ECCLESIASTICORUM Historia Literaria , facili & pers icud methodo digesta . Pars Altera . Qua plusquam .... ▪ Scriptores novi , tam Edi● i quam Manuscripti recensentur Prioribus plurima adduntur ; breviter aut abscure dicta illustrantur ; recte asseria vindicantur . Accedit ad finem cujusois Saculi CONCILIORUM omnium tum Generalium tum Particuliarium Historica Notitia . Ad Calcem vero Op● ris Dissertationes tres , ( 1. ) De Scriptoribus Ecclesiasticis incerta aetatis . ( 2. ) De Libris & officiis Ecclesiasticis Gracorum . Adjecti sunt Indices utilissimi Scriptorum & Concitiorum Alphabetico-Chronologici . Studie & labore GULIELMI CAV● . S. T. P. Ganon . Windesoriersis . Fol. * This Book will be finished in Hillary . Term next , ( or Easter Term at farthest ) and is intended to be Published by Subscription , with advantage to the Buyer . Propo●●●● will be shortly published . Or sometime before the Book will be Extant . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A30451-e200 William Prince of Orange , Gaspar de Coligny , Admiral of France . Una morientis ad Deum vox , Miserere Popish , Grot. Annal. lib. 4. Rhinotmel . Cedrenus , Theophanes . Psalm 101. Psal. 21.