The captive-captain, or, The restrain'd cavalier drawn to his full bodie in these characters ... presented and acted to life in a suit of durance, an habit suiting best with his place of residence. Brathwaite, Richard, 1588?-1673. 1665 Approx. 244 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 99 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2003-07 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A29225 Wing B4258 ESTC R34274 14173438 ocm 14173438 102167 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A29225) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 102167) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 1565:6) The captive-captain, or, The restrain'd cavalier drawn to his full bodie in these characters ... presented and acted to life in a suit of durance, an habit suiting best with his place of residence. Brathwaite, Richard, 1588?-1673. [7], 189 p. Printed by J. Grismond, London : 1665. Attributed to Brathwait by Wing and NUC pre-1956 imprints. "Choice cabinet counsel" has half-title page. Imperfect: faded and tightly bound with loss of print. Reproduction of original in the British Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng 2003-02 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2003-03 SPi Global Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2003-04 Olivia Bottum Sampled and proofread 2003-04 Olivia Bottum Text and markup reviewed and edited 2003-06 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion THE CAPTIVE-CAPTAIN : OR , THE RESTRAIN'D CAVALIER ; Drawn to his full BODIE in these CHARACTERS ; I. Of a Prison . II. The Anatomy of a Iayler . III. A Iaylers Wife . IV. The Porter . V. The Century . VI. The Fat Prisoner . VII . The Lean Prisoner . VIII . The restrain'd Cavalier , with his Melancholy fancy . Presented , and ACTED to LIFE in a Suit of Durance ; an HABIT suiting best with the Place of his Residence . Nullus extra te Carcer . London Printed by I. Grismond , 1665. FOR THE WORTHILY HONOURED , RICHLY ACCOMPLISHED ; AND ABSOLUTELY COMPLEATED , Sir THO. PRESTON , BARONET ; HIS MOST AFFECTIONATELY OBLIGED SERVANT R. B. PRESENTS THESE CHARACTERS : ( BEING NATIVE & GENUINE DISPLAYERS of the HUMOURS OF THESE TIMES ; ) IN LIEU OF THOSE GRACEFULL RESPECTS , SO AMICABLY and AMPLY RENDERED ; And by the AUTHOR HUMBLY ACKNOWLEDGED . The Number and Order of these CHARACTERS , interlac'd with sundry other emergent Subjects , properly and ingenuously dilating on the Humours of these Times . I. THe Character of a Prison . Page 1 II. The Anatomy of a Iaylor . 3 III. A Iaylors Wife . 5 IV. The Porter . 7 V. The Century . 9 VI. The Fat Prisoner . 10 VII . The Lean Prisoner . 13 VIII . The restrained Cavalier , with his Melancholy Fancy . 15 I. Advice to a Peer . 21 II. Advice to a Pesant . 24 III. Advice to a Landlord . 28 IV. Advice to a Farmer . 32 V. Advice to a simple Countrey Curat . 36 VI. Advice to a Countrey Iustice. 40 VII . Advice to an Heir . 43 VIII . Advice to a younger Brother . 47 IX . Advice to a Gallant . 50 X. Advice to his Mistris . 54 XI . Advice to him that will take it . 58 I. A Countrey-Commissioner . 70 II. A State-Competitor . 77 A Phanatick . 92 The Black Rod. 101 State-Dimensions . 115 A smart Reply . 116 Letters of Advice ; or , The Friendly Monitor . 119 A Defensive Letter . 143 To a Malignant . 151 Vpon the late Plot. 155 Vpon the Face of Rebellion . 159 A Farewel Carol. 161 The Sequestrees Sonnet . 165 No Mean , no Man. 167 The Interest of Westmerland . 171 The Interest of Cumberland . 181 THE CAPTIVE CAPTAIN : OR , The Restrained Cavaliere . IN VIII . CHARACTERS . I. The Character of a Prison . A Prison is a Cage of unclean Birds ; not that they are unclean of themselves , but that their nasty Attendants desire to have them appear unclean Beasts like themselves . Augeus Stables had dainty Grooms , if compar'd to their Chamberlains . The whole Prospect of this forlorn Room is a Grate ; where through every transenn , every stancher , those incaged Birds may take a view of the Iron Age. They say , Spirits walk there ; but very few Spirits to entertain the least portion of Compassion . This Cacus Cave is compar'd to the Lions Den ; Turn once the Ward , — Et vestigia nulla retrorsum . Her Walls , instead of Darnicks , Arras , and Tapistry , are commonly interwoven with Ariadnes Cawls , Spider-webs , and such like over-worn Trophies of Antiquity . The Cimmerians in their Dwellings , resemble these in their Lodgings ; onely their Lights are different : Those receive some scattered Beamlings by their Mountain-Crannies ; these by their forlorn Loop-holes . Her constant Inhabitants , to their dis-comfort , retain such Back-biters , that though they give them sustenance , yet they startle them sleeping and waking with their too obsequious adherence . The Musique of this House , holds in consort with the Trapezites , all Iron . If her Meniey were as constant in their Affection , as in their Mansion ; as firmly link'd in the bonds of fidelity , as in their Links of a necessitated Society , they were a brave amicable Family . Either her own parcimony , or her In-mates penury is such , as she keeps no Open-house . So short is she in her wages , and so spare in her solace , as her Servants are weary of her before an end of their first quarters service . She 's careless from whence they come , but infinitely cautious how they goe away . And if they goe away without her favour , they are in great danger to break their necks for their labour . II. The Anatomy of a Iaylor . HE is a brave boisterous Blade ; one who has made a contract with his tongue and look : with the latter to look ugly ; with the other to speak harshly . He is a cunning Falconer ; and with his imperious Whistle keeps his mu'd fowl in such command , as they hold themselves blessed when they are without the sound of his call . He is active in the exercise of his Mannacles , Boults , and Fetters . He binds his Apprentices to such hard conditions , as some are enforced with the loss of their lives to purchase their freedom . He is so richly disciplined in the Aray of Oaths and Curses , as he has learn'd to damn his unhappy Family with no less facility than felicity . This makes the Devil hugg him Morning and Evening , charging him to go on in his Work , and he shall be sure of his Wages . His onely Fees derive their gratuities from the sins of the people . If you tell him of the Iaylor in the Acts ; he either believes not the Story : or he calls him a White-liver'd Officer to make Conscience his Commander . He is of such a base quality , as to feed himself , he starves his Meniey . Shreeks , groans and Lachrymae are his delicious harmony . He has so dis-used himself to Civility , as he cannot utter one word of comfort , to gain him a Kingdom . If his poor famished family receive a reward ; it returns to his Ward . While they , poor Souls , pray for their Benefactors : He becomes whole Sharer . The poor Prisoners Box is his Exchequer ; his Prisoners , his Spongies ; their ruine , his raising ; their famine , the improvement of his fortune . All his Keyes are made for Spring-locks ; they will shut of themselves , but never open . This surly Mastive glories in nothing more than in displeasing ; and where he dare not bite , to be snarling . He makes more disheartned Spirits tremble one day , than he did for his sins all his life . His onely triumph is over misery : and his resolution to exclude mercy . He hath no time to pray , lest he should neglect his charge . Yet for a fat bribe in a Corner , he will not stick to truck with his well-lin'd Prisoner : though by his voluntary escape he hazard an halter . Generally , he never looks up to heaven , but when he is posting to hell : and now the unaccustomed thought of his sins makes his Journey seem long and heavy : but let him comfort himself ; it is all down-bank , and that will make it seem more easie . III. A Iaylors Wife . WE have done with Pluto ; we are now to pluck one feather from the Wing of his dainty Duckling Proserpina . Would you have her Picture drawn to life ? That curious Holland Artist Hans Carvile , though he had the absolutest fancy in pourtraying the Devil , could not do it if he were living : yet we will shadow , though we cannot to her full body so exquisitely limn her . For her Constitution and Composition , they suit as neerly with her Iaylors Disposition , as Charon and Acheron . Since the very hour that she put her Wedding-ring on her knotty finger , it has been her highest ambition to mould her self to her surly Husbands humor : and to observe his deportment in every posture . The Wheel of her tongue is of a perpetual motion ; yet generally she spits as much as she speaks ; wherein I must caution you to keep your distance ; and not to come within the compass of her Sent ; for the very steam which drills from her fluets , retains more venome than the foam of a mad Dogg . She 's an intollerable Slut ; yet he that should venture to call her so , might be sure to have a dark Lobby for his lodging . Any one may smell her , before he see her ; so strongly is she chafed with Kitching pomander . She has usually more fat on her skirts , than many of her starv'd Meniey have on their Ribs . Her A pricock Nose is a common Sewer , ever runing ; so as her tongue cannot be more active , than that is fluent . To save a Faggot , every Winter Morn , she makes fuell of her Maids ; bestowing more basting of them , than she doth on her meat . Her complexion ( lest you should neglect her when you see her ) holds near resemblance to a parcel of scorched Lard : yet she has a conceit there is not a morsel about her , but infinitely deserves love . If she take notice of an handsom well-timbered Prisoner , that promiseth ability in his feature ; She will not stick to reserve some of her best reversions for him , and cram him , not by way of Alms , but for her own benevolence . She changeth not her Clothes half so often as she doth her Maids . For her heavy houshold , though their appetite be strong , their repast is weak . Thus in a double restraint these poor wretches suffer ; air and fare ; thraldom and hunger ; and in these , He has vow'd to keep them as short in the One , as She means to abridge them in the Other . Yet it is strange ; amidst all these dis-gusts , She 's infinitely dear to her Guests . Now to bring her to bed , if her Iaylor lose her , you may be confident who will have her . But I perceive her diving , like the Spirit in the Vault ; we will leave her to her long sleep ; and thrice happy had many of her In-mates been if she had never wakt . IV. The Porter . ALL hail to Cerberus ! how desperately the Tartarian Cur looks ? His uncertain revenues consist wholly of rewards : and these his unhallow'd Keys keep in the circumference of their Wards . He has no other vails to support him ; so as he becomes no less unnecessarily lasie , than necessarily lousie . The onely way to act Malevolo , is to fall into poverty . And he is already fallen upon that Rock . He cannot speak affably , if you should hang him ; unless he observe an hopeful visitant approaching his Gate : and then he labors to strain courtesie with his ingenerous inbred quality ; and to open to him with an unmannerly congy . He is infinitely weary in doing nothing ; and yet should you take him from his unprofitable vocations , he would adventure to do somthing worse than nothing . He sleeps as much as he either eats or drinks : but that 's not his fault , but his slow Benefactors : for he has Ericthous bowels to receive , if he had any open-hearted Vitellius to give . He counterfeits a pleasant shrug , upon the admittance of a well-crammed Prisoner ; and his first morning visit must be reserv'd for his Chamber . Now , you must not conceive this to be out of any love to his Guest ; but meerly for his Morning Draught and a Canonical Toast : which many times ( bar basket reversions ) serves him for his whole days repast . This Dogg in a doublet , should he be called to an account of his life , you should hear such a reckning as would partake more of Cannibal than Christian. He had retyred hours enough to say his Prayers in : but he held Devotion such an Antipos to his profession , as he mightily feared he should lose his place , by inuring his idle hours to any such pious pratice . And now after his long useless service , wherein neither he himself reaped much profit , nor his Prisoners solace ; looking with the Swan upon his feet , he perceives he has purchased something that will stick near him , when all his acquaintance leave him : Gout and Dropsie , which hale him along from his Porters-lodge to a lower Century . V. The Century . ARe men of the Livery . Red-coats , Blew-coats , Green-coats , White-coats ; nay , Turn-coats in hope of better pay . They are as vigilant and as prudent ( for ought I know ) as those watchful Birds of the Capitol . They are sufficiently indoctrinated in their words of command ; which they use upon all occasions : Stand , who goes there ? — Corporall ! They are principally versed in Parades and Reliefs . They hold themselves privileged men by the Law of Arms : and scorn the repulse of a stranger , so long as they cling together . Night rovers are their best Benefactors . These , what occasion soever they pretend , must untruss , or let them be sure to suffer disgrace . Now should you single them out , and put them to any Interogatories , you were not to expect from them any resolutions in affairs of discipline ( wherein they are generally better fed than taught : ) for they hold it sufficient knowledge to return an account under what Captain they serve . For any other questions , it were needless for you to demand : seeing they are bound to answer no more than they know . Those Golden and Silver Shields in the Athenian Guards , were to their glory none of this Century . These are onely known to their Country Arms : which they mean more ordinarily than orderly to manage upon any State-service . Some of these , to save their Hamlet an unnecessary charge ; by their provident husbanding of their Powder ; have not discharged their Muskets , since their first admittance to that military Order . They hold shedding of blood , be the quarrel never so fair nor cause just , to be a crying sin ; therefore to clear their innocent souls from that soil , they have religiously vow'd never to draw ( unless it be upon great advantage ) in their own defence . Yet like Garden-Doggs , they are very fierce on the night ; especially if they be backt , and find a remisseness of spirit in their Assailant . Yet I would have their Spectators retain this opinion of them ; that they are brave metall'd Blades , Sparks of honor ; and such as will make their Centuries smoak again to display their vallour . There is nothing but it may be usefully imployed to some end or other : this makes these terrible Myrmidons use their Match instead of Tinder , while others ( more active in tossing a Pipe than a Pike ) receive light from their labor . But nights are cold and long ; and if Moon-light , fuller of danger ; for then Trees send forth their shadows , which at first fight resemble enemies : But perceiving those shady Bushes to be no Foes , but meer Apparitions to delude them , they are content before their Reliefs to take a Nap ; where we do leave them . VI. The fat Prisoner . IS one that is given to the flesh , as the flesh is given to him ; for if otherwise , he might be as thin as other of his fellow-Rats , who feed on the same Commons , but batten not so well , for want of concoction ; or in that they have not such merry hearts to allay their affliction . This May-Bird can sing as sweetly in a Cage , as if he were in a Forrest . He accounts his imprisonment the Embleme of his life : and his life neither unhappier nor shorter by being a Prisoner . He findes freedom in his greatest restraint ; and that inward liberty which many Libertines who have the wide world to walk in , could never purchase . But these are Contemplative men , who make Heaven their Object ; and consequently , whatsoever is here below , their Subject . Now , there be other fatlings who cram themselves in security . Their Pot , Pipe and merry company so besots them , as they make no difference at all betwixt bondage and liberty . These have put off all cares ; and like Porkets in a Sty , feed without thought of provision ; and like loose Epicures , turn from their Troughs without thansgiving . Wherein , though they ow to God for their Ordinary ; yet such debts retain least hold in their memory . You may see the world here drawn up in a small Epitome . This Prison holds as much as the world : all her inhabitants are either good or bad . Here is a good Prisoner ; and he makes contemplation his reflection : Divine Service is his Souls Solace . Nothing can confine him , because he finds nothing fit to entertain him , that Earth may afford him . This apprehension moves him to esteem of a Prison as a place of more freedom than the world ; because he finds fewer inducements to decline him from pursuit of his future liberty , than he found in the world . Whereas that bad fatling or sensual Prisoner is content with any place , that may be-lull his cloudy understanding in a careless sleep . Freedom and bondage are indifferently equal to his fruitless pilgrimage ; being neither beneficial to himself nor his neighbour in the One nor the Other . Now he who fats himself with true Hearts-ease , feeds his appetite with diviner hopes , than to satisfie it with the Prodigals husks . VII . The Lean Prisoner . HE is a living Sceleton ; a breathing Ghost ; the remainder of a greater work ; or the wasted portion of his Purveyors provision ; or a shadow that has lost his substance . This Iack-a-Lent , an old In-mate in that ancient Fabrick of Iohn a Gant , promiseth at the first sight as if he had put on the habit of some Hermit or Anachorite ; having procured such a divorce from his flesh , as he had onely entred into Covenant with his spirit . But all is not Gold that glisters . Sanctity is not wholly confined to an Hermitage , nor Mortification to lean Chops and a pale visage . Spare bodies may have strong appetites . Cambletes was lean , though gluttonous ; and Camillus fat , though abstemious . Wood of Kent had sere ribs , but a sore stomack . The lean , with Pharaohs Kine , are apt to devour the fat . But let us judge the best ; for if his weak exhausted feature proceed from the defective reversions of a trencher , he merits pity , bearing the Characters of his penury in such dying colours in his physnomy ; but if marrow-eating Envy bring him to this infirmity , he may thank himself for his own malady . Now you shall take this for a constant rule , by how much more this Scare-crow is estranged from the flesh ; by so much neerer is he allyed to the Spirit : you shall scarcely find one in an age to parallel Galba's constitution , to have a quick enlivened brain , and a gross corpulent bulk . The leanest body , the activest spirit . Nay generally partaking most of that ingenious humor of Melancholy , he becomes a singular proficient in Machavels policy . Brutus was fatter than Cassius ; but less dangerous . But our poor Mammet , as he depends upon the Basket , so he studies no Maxims of State. He proves that Axiom good , It is more miserable to have a stomach without meat , than to have meat without a stomach . Now his dogged Jaylor , according to his wonted humor , will tell you , that he fares as well as the rest , but he has a Caninum appetitum , which makes him eat more than he can digest . But believe no such Cheats ; he could digest far more than he eats . But having long ago left his flesh ; he is now bethinking himself to leave the world . That was a burden he did so little love , as he desired to leave ; and now loath any longer to live : next to his sins , he repents himself of nothing more , but that He , who has held all his time for an upright Dealer , should now for want of flesh , become a Worm-cheater . VIII . The restrained Cavaliere , with his Melancholy Fancy . IS Iohn for the King in all parts of the Kingdom . He had a brave spirit before he was impounded ; and now in his restraint he has a desire to fight ; but Fetters instead of Indentures have so bound him to good behaviour , as his appetite is cooled ; his approved valour must thaw and resolve to vapor , and content himself with the recollected honour of being once a Souldier ; yet like gumm'd Grogram , he will fret , though he cannot fight ; and if his Genius be so happy , conjure up all the Muses to assist him in his Satyrical humor , and twist him some whip-cords to lash his unconscionable flint-hearted Jaylor ; and this he does metally , like a daring Retainer : Didst thou but know , dogg'd Iaylor , whom thou hast In those vast jaws of thy damp Prison plac't ; With cheerful rays thou'dst look upon thy guest , And hold thy Mansion by his seizure blest . Pure Nectar Rivolets drain'd from our brains Like Aqua fortis shall eat through thy chains . Grumble not , Island Curr ! Here is a man Would hook thy Nose , were 't thou Leviathan . Wits sleight restraint ! our Spirits never felt Cares of those keys hang dangling at thy belt . Thus this impaled Minotaur domineers within his own Grate ; while looking about him , and observing his mean accommodation , he begins to take a more curious survey of his incurious Lodging ; which he calls The Captains Cage ; and with a Jaylors curse , in this sort he anatomizeth his despicable case . A Captive-Captain lay in such a room , He held his Bed the Embleme of his Tombe . Dark as a Charnel-house : no spirit did move But Rats and Mice below , and rain above : So as he need't not wash his Couch with tears , Such streaming showrs drill'd down about his ears . Besides , an Herd of grunting Hoggs so nigh , None could discern his Lodging from their Stye . A kennel too of bawling Curs lay there , Which all night long were yelping in his ear . Near this a chimney that would keep no fire ; " Thus did his passive pensive hours expire . " If this a thraldom might not stiled be , " Prisons are Paradoxes unto me . It is great pity that his friends and fortunes should so neglect him ; or his own meriting parts become such strangers to him , as he can neither finde the one to comfort , nor the other to support him . He concludes therefore , that it is a Mad world ; and those that fawn on it , the maddest fools in it . He hears of Sallies , Skirmishes , and Battels ; but what are these to his Bolts ? The report of the change of a Prisoner would enliven him far better . But Valour must not be redeemed with Copper . Though his Field-actions deserved Praise , yet must they not purchase his person freedome without a Price . And poor restrained Cavalier , he 's as far from giving as lending . He remains dis-roab'd , and dis-arm'd : his onely shift then must be Best-be-trust , or he must stay there without Bayl. Others may be enlarged by Publique Faith , which he cannot . Well , this is his comfort , though he be restrain'd in body , he has deriv'd from his mind that liberty , as he can fight without Arms , and conquer his Passions in their highest extremity . Let him then dying , be honour'd with an Hearse , whose living valour was never rewarded worse . Nay , should his Body want the honour of a Shrine , yet let his Memory live in the Kalendar of Fame , while we indorse this Inscription upon his neglected Grave . CHOICE CABINET COUNSEL . Aperiatur Scrinium , Ut reperiatur Consilium . Proclus . Sperate Miseri , Cavete Foelices . What precious treasures best inrich the mind , Vnlock this Cabinet , and you shall find . Gemms may be stoln , or lustre lose with rust ; But these more pure than to resolve to dust . CHOICE CABINET COUNSEL . SALVIAN . O calame adjuro te , ne literam trahas nec lineam ; in qua pro viribus non delineas Dei gloriam . I. Advice to a Peer . YOU are a Person of Descent ; ennoble it with actions of Desert . There is nothing that detracts more from the splendour of an eminent Family , than to be ignorant in that which may most and in the liveliest colours pourtray it self noble . The antient Roman Peerage became not onely distinguishable by their House or Coat , but by one peculiar virtue or other lineally descendent and inherent to that Race : As the Publicolae for Curtesy ; the Scaevolae for Sobriety ; the Lentuli for Liberality ; the Gracci for Gravity ; the Appii for Equity ; the Coriolani for Majesty ; the Aureliani for Piety ; and the Marii for Magnanimity . Which ornaments dignify'd them much more than all that blood which ran through their veins . I have been known to some persons equal to you in rank , and equipage of State , though different in their Extraction . For some of these were Born , others Made great . And in these may be found as great a difference in their Humour , as was in the lineal derivation or accidental constitution of their Honour . The one had receiv'd a native freedome , such a genuine and unaffected comportment , as his very Carriage might play the Herauld , and deblazon his Linage . The other equally great , but his demean so levell'd that greatness , as it laid it flat , and mis-shap'd the person for acception of any such state . So as , it had been much better for that surreptitious Mushrom to have held still to his slow , but safe private growth ; than by his undeserved rise to expose his pittifull grandeur to a scornfull censure . Some of these we have known , even in the flowrishingst States , who during their times of privacy , liv'd in fair repute ; more lov'd than envy'd , though after swoln high , more envy'd than lov'd : and never less pitied , than when they stood in most need on 't . These , likewise , in their first Entrance to State-Affairs , were accounted Grave and Prudential Men ; and , in the opinion of those who perused the Draught of their Actions , Passages and Debates , held most fitting to become great , before they came to be great . This was the opinion which most men had of Galba , whose unexpected Ascent to Honour , had so estrang'd him from his native humour , as he appeared not the same Man in Command , which he shewed himself to be when Commanded : And no doubt , but this change of disposition took it's origen from some sociable infection , by consorting with such , whose Applauses deluded him ; and by their palpable Parasitism so madded him , as it made him forgetful of his Rise , and unmindful of his Fall. Whence I collect , that there is nothing that may improve , or disadvantage Greatness more , ( whether it be derived from eminence of Life , or dignity of Place ) than the Company which he frequents . It is an excellent Advice therefore of that Divine Moral , in wishing us to make choice of such Companions , in whose Society we have hope , either to better them , or be better'd by them . Stains are ever most discernible in purest Cloaths . Neither can Greatness in a Civil State become any subterfuge to Guiltiness : whence it was , that the Spartans held ever the Crime of a Peer most worthy of imparallel'd punishment . And hence it was , that their Great Men were call'd Optimates : Great , because Good. Peers , sayes that antient Sage , as they over-peer others in Greatness , so should they surmount others in Goodness ; otherwise they build a Low Story upon an High Foundation . Now , as Ambition can find you no wings to mount up higher ; so be it your care to prepare you Arches to make your high-rais'd Structures appear stronger ; let Amity be your best Monopoly , which is procur'd with least cost , and at best hand by debonair Carriage and Affability . Add to these , Acts of Piety ; being seasonably perform'd , they will incomparably become you . Go to the Forest ; it will inform you : The highest Trees give the fairest Umbrage ; They stand for Shrouding , not Crushing their Inferiours . II. Advice to a Pesant . LEt not the lowness of thy present Condition inslave thee to a Pesantly resolution . If thou really partake of Man , thou wilt lose nothing of thy dimension . Thou canst not be outwardly so despicably low ; as thy rightly-aspiring thoughts shall not make thee intellectually high . Though * Codrus had ragg'd Cloaths , he could imbroder them with Royal thoughts . It is only in thee , that has power to ennoble thee , and imbellish thy poverty with a rich and graceful Livery . But , methinks I see thee , like a poor Male-content , throwing thine Eyes abroad ; as if thou sentst them forth as spyes , or scouts , to make a discovery of all the Estates of such Persons as confine , or neighbour near thee . And , what return do these envious Centinels render thee ? In their Relations , I must no less freely than friendly tell thee , how infinitely they abuse thee : These suggest unto thee ( and such Counsellors be the worst Consorts ) that Nature has played the part of a niggardly and unjust Step-Dame with thee , in drawing in the Breasts of her Bounty towards thee and thy Relations ; and so freely laying them open unto others . And is this all those Corrupt Agents can whisper to thee ? Let me advise thee , lest thou become depraved before thou converse with Reason . A perswasive Enemy , under pretence of a palliated Amity , may make his surprize of thee , and that with small difficulty , when he finds no considerable Force to resist his Fury . Admit thou wer't the poorest and contemptiblest wretch that ever breathed ; born naked , and born to a naked Fortune : yet , for all this , thou canst not live so naked as thou wer 't born . Thou wantedst then the strength of those active faculties which thou now enjoyest , appearing then so helpless , as thou wantedst Native Supplies to help thy self . Tell me ; what wantest thou in thy self , unless thou want the injoyment of thy self ? And , what is it that deprives thee of this essential Liberty ? I shall briefly inform thee in that , which may infinitly improve thee . There is a webb in thine eye ; which attracts unto it the steam of Envy . This brings thee to expostulate too arrogantly with thine own thoughts , and to over-value thy self in the Ballance of Native worth ; above others whose Descent or Providence has rais'd them to more Wealth . Let not this grieve thee : these may harbour more needy and beggarly thoughts than thy self ; unless Discontent have thrown thee below thy self . It is the property of humane felicity , to involve those who hugg it , in mazy and inextricable precipices of misery . Forerunning times do not only afford us plenty of Tragical Examples : but if we look homeward , we shall find variety of such deplorable Objects and surviving Presidents of Our own . Such , who have tasted bitterly of this Wormwood-Lecture , and sensibly felt how the grandeur of Surreptitious Honour , purchased more by the hand of Fate , than any visible act of Merit , has become destructive to the Safety of the Pursuer , and an inevitable Snare to the Enjoyer . For , having their wings once dipt in the Birdlime of Ambition ; the more they struggled with it , the more they were enwreathed by it . A serious Consideration of our own Condition would perfect the Work ; and fortifie his Resolves , who in the Eye of the World is most despicable , against all the insults and braves of Fortune : nay , make him such a Compleat Man , as his outward contempt may beget in him an inward content . The Way is short and easie ; and not only so , but of a dayly presidential occurrency : there is no corner in any Street , nor walk in any Field , that will not afford thee a Receipt ; the fault is thine , if thou make not Application for thy Cure. Thou art sick to see others whole : and in opinion most poor , when thou seest an other rich . This is a dangerous Eye-sore , and requires a soveraign Eye-salve . To have ones eye evil , because an other 's good , is an Emblem of extremest envy . To bring thee then to partake more of Man than Sathan , for no fury more Satanical ; wheresoever thou sojournest , look not upon the state nor style of the mighty ; but on the shroud , and skrip of the needy . Not on the Highest , but on the Lowest : and then ballance thy condition with his . Peruse this Lecture seriously , and it will highly improve thee . Thou hast received more than thou deservedst : and in an ampler manner , and greater measure , than those who were much better . And know thus much , for no knowledge more advantagious , that by getting Mastery over thy self , thou becom'st Master of the whole World : And though thou be but a Little One , yet by reducing those Passions in thee , and making them loyal subjects to thy Soveraignty , the Commander of the Vniverse , as HE styl'd himself , might not compare with thee . He is no Pesant but a Prince , who can subdue himself , and make him affections his Vassals . III. Advice to a Landlord . YOu are a Man in Command : and a petty Prince within your own Mannor . You say to one , Go , and he goeth : and to another , Come , and he cometh . Do not abuse your power . Confine it , lest you be confined by it . It was an excellent Lesson ; and if you follow it , the practice will redound much to your benefit . Live after that manner with your Inferiours , as you would have your Superiours live with you . It would disgust you to be insulted over by another : Observe the same Rule , it will guard you in your height , and secure you from hate . There is no danger more incident to Greatness , than to be blown up by the Bladder of their opinionate grandeur ; which with a Lethaean draught , brings them to forget their friends , but themselves most . It is Honours that changeth Manners ; and in short time thaws those Mannors which chang'd their Manners , into nothing . Promotion is a perilous bait to an insolent and inconsiderate spirit : who can better lord it , than define it . He no sooner begins to nible , than the Hook fastneth on his Gills , exposing him for a Prey , to what he meant to make his Prey on . There be two menacing Shelves , which it were fitting Persons of Quality and Command in their Sea-Fare , should be cautious of : 1. Light Counsel . 2. Loose Company . Of these I shall advise our young Masters , who , Lapwing-like , be newly crept out of the thin shell of their Guardianship , to carry their eyes about them , and by timely prevention divert a surprize . It shall be your fortune sometimes to incounter such Counsel , as under shady and plausible pretences , seconded with Ceremonial Protests , will go along with you in the quest of your own fancy . These cunning Coy-ducks are so well train'd in the Discipline of Youth , as they have got the Art of Diving , and in the next place of complying with any humour : and to mould themselves in all Formality , to their temper . If Sensual , Sense is the only string they strike on . They will Chalk out a way to this Prodigal Sensualist to compleat al his illimited desires , by satisfying all his Sense in the Epicureal injoyment of one Nights dalliance : whereof a debaucht rioting Ranter , within the Walls of this City not many years ago left to Posterity a fearful Example : bestowing on his five Senses on one Night , by the perswasive suggestion of his vicious Consorts , five hundred pounds : Which profuse spending brought him to leap at a Crust before his dying . Thus did this lavish Landslord by his over-eager hunting and hugging of his own Humour , not only detract from his Native Honour , but by his careless course become the last of his House : Flying out of his Estate , before his wings had rais'd his flight to half his age . But though Examples be held so moving , a they ever leave the deepest impression : yet Moral Advice operates strongly upon the Affections , being rendred by a modest Pen , and without colour of Self interest ; being the only Coloquintida that disrelisheth this Service ; making it most suspected , where it should be most imployed . The safest and securest way then , that you can possibly walk in , is with a circumspect eye to reflect upon your own condition ; and in no wise to suffer either the pravity of Counsel , nor corruption of Society to have that influence over you , as to mis-guide you , or make you swell above your self ; which many have done , and willingly perished under their own weight : and fatal is that Burden which crusheth down the Bearer . Let me then advise you ( for your attention to it may be infinitly useful to you ) not to magnifie your self in the Priority of your Place , nor Precedency of Command . Your Tenants be your Oeconomick Servants ; play you the part of a discreet and temperate Master . Make them yours by the Cement of Love , not the extremity of Law ; for that were the way to crush them , rather than cherish them . They hold on you ; uphold them who rely on you . It were very rare to see indigent Farmers to have a thriving Landlord . Oppression is such a Ring-worm , as it spreads all over the face of his Estate , and blemisheth the beauty of it . If your desire be to live well and happily , let them live well and peaceably that are ranked under you . That Master either imprudently or parcimoniously manageth his Family , who suffers his Meniey to starve through penury . What is it , or whereto avails it to command Men without hearts ? The way to gain their Affections , is to acquit them of Exactions . Affability is the Adamant to attract them ; and Bounty the Balm to preserve them . Dead Flies spoil the sweetest Ointments : Breathless and feeble Offices in their Chief , beget disesteem in his Relations . IV. Advice to a Farmer . YOu are call'd to a Vocation ; and it is such a commendable Station , as no Commonwealth , whereto Monarchies are oftimes reduced , can possibly subsist without it . The Royal Pale , sayes the Italian Proverb , must receive it's nourishment from the Milk payl . It is not so low ; but that the High may derive , not only an usual Supportance , but an essential Subsistence from it . Gordian , Probus , Timoleon , and Codrus might promise themselves much more composedness of mind , and happy retirement from the various bickerings of this Surging Main , the World , I mean , in their injoyment of privacy , wherein they were educated ; than the attainment of an higher Estate , whereto they were afterwards advanced . I would not , said that Tarentine Farmer , change my Cultre for a Sceptre . Content is worth a Crown : for many Crowns fall short of Content . Now in this homely condition , wherein you are stated , it behoves you to walk warily , lest you make your too sollicitous care your greatest enemy . Be it your Principal Design then ( seeing every Vocation , be it Publick or Private , is measur'd forth by its own proper line , or dimension ) to consider the aim and end of your Calling . Your sole Management consists in Manuring , Maturing and Cultivating your Ground : and accommodating your Grainge , the Seat of your Family , with all Accommodations suitable to a Person of your quality ; concluding handsomely with the Poet : † " Neat be my House , my Pastures richly grown , " My Corn-Fields till'd by no hand but mine own . But in this care of their culture , you have an Inner Field that must not be forgotten . Your security or neglect in this , would argue your remissness of Husbandry in all . You have your Weedhooks , with other necessary Instruments , for ridding your ground of all noxious or unprofitable Weeds . Not a Brake , Thorn , nor Bramble , must stand in your way , to hinder the increase of better fruits . Now , Weeds are but the Emblems of Vices ; just as the purest grains , or choicest flowers are the representatives of Vertues . Let no Misselto spread near your Vine ; no Ivy intwist your Elm ; no Darnel infect your Field . * If Thou wilt Sow in the Soil of mine heart ( said that Glory of the Eastern Church ) the Seeds of Vertues ; needfull it will be , that thou first weed out of mine heart the Thorns of Vices . Whence you may gather , that it is your Inward Culture that conduceth most to your honour : and that good Manners lay the best foundation to any Mannor . But , as all rubbish is to be remov'd , before the Ground-work be lay'd ; so in your Cultivage , there be three Infectious Seeds , wherewith you are never to be acquainted , if ever you expect success , or a fair account from your harvest . It has been the constant custom of some Farmers , in imitation of that miserable Bithinian ; to carry ever about them an Erra Pater , to inform their Sollicitous Knowledg what years are , by that erring Divination , probably conjectur'd to prove dear , or cheap . If dear , the Farmer , to increase his profit , makes it his Design to raise the Market , by digressing from the Course of a Farmer , and playing the part of a Forestaller , or Ingrosser . But this advantageous Contractor of Mammon , many times dis-inherits him of his future hopes in Sion : when his mouth shall be filled with gravel , how empty shall those Barns appear to his infinite thoughts , which were lately so much inlarged ? Let it be then your happiness to confine your desires , by making them suitable to your Calling . Covetousness is such a spreading Tetter , as it blemisheth the favour of the Owner . The Postil of Content is an excellent Lesson ; not only to improve , but compleat the Work of your Vocation . There is another Locust which feeds oft on the fruits of your Providence ; and seazeth on you when least suspected . You see your Neighbours Pastures look more cheerfully ; his Corn-fields promise more plentuously ; his Vineyards , Hop-yards , with whatsoever else may appear most commodious , increasing more fruitfully : and these beget in you Envy . Estrange this from you ; let your eye rejoyce in the Welfare of your Neighbour : it will redound richly in Success to your Labour . Lastly , should Passion transport you , may Architas temper lessen your Anger , who told his lazy Hind , He would have beaten him , if he had not been angry with him . Be it your care to continue and end the Lease of your Farm for Life , with this constant Rule , To keep a good Conscience in all things , both towards God and Man. Acts 24.16 . V. Advice to a simple Countrey Curat . I Am doubtful now whether I speak to a Mechanick , or a Scholar . If to the former , a good homely Homily is the highest pitch of his Divinity : which , having read Understandingly , Distinctly , and Audibly ; he rests confident that he has sufficiently perform'd a Curats duty . Small Tithes exact small Pains . These Places be for most part bestow'd on such , who remain destitute of all Places : And like some poor maimed Hospitallers , become ravished with Devotion ; not so much with it , as to it : being forc'd thereto rather through need than zeal . These , as they know not what metall Latin is made on : so their greatest study is ( unless it be the Art of catching of Flyes with Domitian , or some other trifling pursute ) to keep their shallow Sconces warm . Numerous Night-caps must secure them : for those Night Mounteroes reach to the highest purchase , unless it be a neighbourly-morning Noggin , which wheels about with much cheerfulness : drilling along with no less freedom in frivolous impertinences . For the Curat , as it is his least care to Teach ; so is it in the lowest of his Fellows desires to be taught . Doctrine and Vse they never heard of : and for Application , they know not what it means . Though this Countrey-Coridon Curat , never heard of a Peripatetick all his time , he resembles him much in his gradual-motion . For , he walks circularly , sits rarely ; fearing , belike , it might bring him into an acquaintance with a Study ; wherewith he has ever held distance , as an Enemy to his Health , and an unseasonable Guest to his House . Night-watchings , intending Studies , are held dangerous ; but these are such strangers to him , as he has profest to all his penurious Family , that they shall never trouble his sleep : nor procure disquiet to his ignorant Meneiy . Now , to acquaint the World , that he partakes of a Scribe ( for his creeping thoughts fall many paces below a Pharise ) his illiterate Girdle is constantly furnish'd with Pen and Inkhorn : which he usually imploys upon occasion ( and with a glad welcom entertains he such occasions ) of making Last Wills and Testaments ; whereof , though he retain some antiquated Presidents , he acts so illegally , and errs so egregiously , as his Pen occasioneth much expence : As many Lines ; so many grounds of Sutes . Much like the Spanish Curat ; who could set down large Legacies , but find no means , from whence those Legacies should arise . The Annual , Revenue of these Contingences , though they be but small : his hopes are , they will prove more permanent than Tithes . These have been oft-times questioned , and whether legal or no , stoutly and strongly canvased : But his Instruments never , unless by the Testators , and that concern'd not him . This unscholiastick Curat , as he never took breath from an Academy ; So it is vehemently to be suspected , that he was some Mechanick Bungler , before he was raised to the Degree of a Reader : which you shall easily discover by the Impression , or colourable Character of his finger ; which usually leaves the mark , or badge of his Profession , upon his Homily , or accustomed place of his Reading . The Privilege of his Ignorance , being no Companion to late Studies , secures his Person from three notable inconveniences . For , in the first place , it is the least of his fears to lose his sight with too much Reading ; or lose his wits with too long plodding ; or be tax'd of maintaining either Scism or Heresie , by his subtilty in disputing . Besides these three Assurances , he has one advantage more above the Rank of his higher qualified Brethren : for , as his Patron needs not fear any Lapse , so his poor Clark stands in no fear at all of a Competitor : so bare is the Pasture as he 's an hungry Pastor that would seek it : Yet were it sitting to help him , by way of Advice ; though he need small assistance for gathering his Tithe . The Advice I shall give you , my Shallow Teacher , shall be this : You pretend to no Learning in the Pulpit ; do not senselesly vapour it in the Alehouse : For a Puppy to act the part of a Rabby , were a daring fancy , or madding frenzy , which would admit no office in the Sanctuary . If you mean either to save your self or others by your Book ; deliver nothing by the Book . Sow no Pillows under your Patrons Elbows . As you are taken for an ungifted and unordinated Man ; be it your Gift ; while others Preach , but will not say the Lords Prayer ; to say the Lords Prayer , though you cannot Preach . Neither must you in this Trace the steps of that Timing Preacher , who to please the Lord of the Mannor , was perswaded to continue his Pater Noster , so long as his Patron continued his ten pound Pension : which was an Action of Price , but no Devotion . Be it your care to be of the number of those Ignorant Ones , who catch Heaven by their honest Simplicity ; rather than those Learned Ones , who purchase Hell by their too subtile Curiosity . VI. Advice to a Countrey Iustice. WE are now to give Advice to One , who , by vertue of his Place , if that vertue be not vitiated , nor the Eminency of his Condition debased , might pretend justly to the Power of a Iudicial Monitor , in giving Advice unto others . But seeing how no Progress incountereth with more dangerous By-ways , than the Circuit of Iustice ; our design shall be this : First , to propose a Directory in the Course of his Proceeding ; and in the second place , to caution him of some perillous Occurrences , which not declined , might ingage his repute to an irreparable contempt , and his judgment to an apparent dis-esteem . Neither is it our meaning in this Draught to inlarge our Discourse , by defining , or dilating on the Office of Iustice : seeing there be more Subjects under that Notion published , and by that Title distinguished , than usefully observed , or practically administred . His Division was well approv'd , who , in his Itineray held , that the Duty of a Iustice wholly depended on these two particulars ; 1. Execution of Justice ; 2. Exhibition of Mercy . In the former , Consideration is to be had of the Quality of the Offender . Hope of Conversion in a young bashful Transgressor , not only begs , but exacts remission : at least a mitigation of Punishment , in comparison of an antient Offender , whose habitual misdemeanure has made him a stranger to Hope , and a Decoy to the follies of our Time. This Distinction requires great Discretion in a Countrey Iustice : Let me then advise him , for his better avoiding of a more dangerous precipice , to cloath his countenance sometimes with a cheerful aspect , and shew a mild spirit to a penitent Peccant . Let him act the indulgent Barnabas , rather than a severe Bonarges . No Son of thunder ; but of a calm and compassionate temper : Especially , where dispositions appear farr apter to be won by mildness , than reform'd by roughness : For , these menacing and violent Reclaimings , do generally harden , rather than soften an indulgent and ingenuous nature . I have sometimes heard of a fiery-furious Iustice , who usually breathed nothing but Whipping and Commitment ; and from the Authority of his Place , publickly protested before the face of the Countrey , That if he might be designed any long time to sit on that Bench , he would so secure the Countrey from Felony , as a Bush should keep a Sheep ; Yet , that very night , was an Ambush lay'd for this severe Iustices Horse , and stoln out o' th' Pasture . Whence we conclude with that Excellent Moral , That Justice mixt with Mercy wins most hearts , and reclaims vice best . Draco's Laws being writ in blood , dispatcht more than they reform'd . Yet shall I ever firmly adhere to that Position : That too much indulgence shown to the Evil , redounds ever to the prejudice of the Good. There be three fearful Eye-sores which darken the Light , and blemish the Sight of Iustice. Amity , Enmity , base Lucre , by prostituting Justice as a Mercenary Commodity . This caus'd the Athenians to Emblematize Iustice with Blind Eyes , and Lame Hands . Blind , that She might not distinguish Persons : Lame , that She might not receive Bribes . Whence our Countrey Iustice may collect , how derogatory those Noble Assertors held it to be to their Profession , to corrupt Justice for Reward ; much more to divide Stakes , or admit of Sharing with their Puny Clarks . Now to compleat him ; that he may appear not only a Reader of Statutes at Large , but an approv'd Practiser of what he Professeth , we shall present to him such a President , whose Example , if he imitate to life , he shall need no other advice to direct him , no other line to regulate him . His resolution in the course of his Profession was this : I have offred my Sacrifice on the Altar of Themis : and I mean to perform what I have already profest . Mine Ear shall be open to the Orphans Cause ; mine Hand ready to wipe off the Widdows Tear. Active shall every Faculty be to promote Justice , remove Injuries , and to render every one his due . Observe this exactly , and you shall acquit your self , not only a Iustice , but a Patriot of your Countrey . VII . Advice to an Heir . HEre am I to bestow my Advice on an Heir ; or a Thing that partakes more of Ayr than any other substance : Yet furnish'd with substance more than enough to pursue feathers in the Ayr. Give me leave now , after the long-wish'd departure of your Father , to offer to you some Directions , which the heat and height of your vast hopes would never till now afford you time to consider . Now , in your Entrance into the World , this gorgeous Theatre of humane glory ; where , if you please , you may act the part of the Prodigal Son , without hope of returning to your Father : I should advise you to take special care of your inward cure . You think all is well with you : and from thence ariseth your greatest danger . A disease insensible , is ever most incurable . Youth is a malady of it self , till it be purged of those malignant humours which deprave it : and strengthned with such Soveraign Receipts as may preserve it . But , to no condition is youth more troublesome than to his , who is advanced to fortunes . Every Place to him is a Snare . No object of Beauty , but an attractive Lure to Fancy : and an Ingredience to a Frenzy . Various faces beget in him distracted affections . Privacy and Retirement breeds in his troubled thoughts sundry discontents . He understands his Pupillage to be past , and that hee 's become his own Guardian : which makes his Cinque Ports so weakly guarded . For Acquaintance he needs not hunt after them ; the report of his over-swoln fortunes playes the Coy , and brings them in Sholes to his Store-house : And these angle cunningly after his humour . They will oppose him in nothing that may delight him . He must be their Prince so long as his Conduit flowes : the decrease whereof he either mindes not , or disvalues . Thus is this Paphlagonian Partridge no sooner sprung , than catch't in every Springe . Yet though he has lost himself , we intend not to lose him ; so long as there appears the least hope of retriving him , or any probable means of recovering him . Let us then apply a timely cure to this violent distemper . I shall not wonder much at his boundless expence ; it hath been ever observed , that a great Scatterer is the usual Successour of a great Gaherer . We may imagin that this young Heir had such a Providor , as he left him a Nest well feathred , before he adventur'd to flicker in the World. All was got to his hand ; which made him more ready to spend , what never troubled his sleep to get , nor wrought upon his providence to keep . He has heard , perchance , his Father say , that he had taken more delight in Sparing , than ever his Heir could do in Spending . And to make an Experiment of his Fathers Observation , he meant to take a Tryal in this Seed-fur of his fortunes . Now , what is all this but a Career of Youth ; an Excursion so familiar , as it growes quite expung'd out of the Catalogue of Serious Errors ? yet some Receipts must be us'd , lest too much indulgence abuse his youth . Go to then , Wilde-Oats , we must of necessity deal a little roughly with you : We are to injoyn you a restraint . And Confinement being so Common a Censure , cannot abridge much the pursute of your pleasure . Retain that Maxim , for it holds infallible : One Months liberty depraves Youth more , than a whole Years discipline will reform . The benefit of Retirement , and recess from Society , we shall not need to press much , variety of Instances may illustrate it . Grave and Reverend Patriots have we had here within our Pale , whose Native dispositions moulded them Libertines ; but by a prudent coercion of their straying affections , they became high improvers of their Knowledg ; and in the end , such expert State-Pilots , as they were held fitting to sit at the Stern of the State. This it is , at retired hours to read men ; not such as the freedom of folly has acquainted you withall ; for those were attractive Lures to train you to lightness : and expose your malleable nature to all loosness . The Perusal of those whom I recommend to your choice , will season your youth so maturely , as folly shall become a stranger to your fancy : All Extravagancy a Reformade in your family . This will make you an Heir of fame , as well as fortune . Hold such an even poize in the management of your Estate , as you may constantly observe this Rule : Never to spend , where honest frugality bids you spare : nor spare , where reputation bids you spend . This shall render you discreetly generous in both . VIII . Advice to a younger Brother . NAture hath brought you the later into the World , not to your disadvantage , but improvement . He only appears seated above the World , who intermedleth least with the World. He only has the Earth at his command , who sphears his divine thoughts above the command of Earth . Your fortunes have exempted you from too much incumbrance with these Inferiours : and consequently inlarged your affections to those Superiour . From a Survey of your Extraction , you find your self behind your Brother in nothing but time . And this redounds highly too , to your advantage . For it is observed in Births , as well as Plants , that the later growths render the maturest and fullest fruits . You know your self to be a Cyen of the same Stock and Mould , and generally of a more purely-refin'd and rarifi'd Minde : ( without vanity or arrogance in relation to your quality be it spoken ) if the liberty of your own disposition , or some other malignant effects , impede not the proficience of those Innate Seeds originally sown in you . Those Privileges and Indowments given you by Nature , to parallel the Revenues of your Elder Brother , are rich and exquisite . Pregnancy of Wit ; Promptness in Conceipt ; Quickness of Apprehension ; and Happiness of Memory in reteining . These abilities be generally intailed on you , to supply other temporary defects , which the Poet handsomly glanced at , saying : Nature by secret influence held it fit , That th' younger Brood should have the elder Wit. What dishonour then were it unto you to debase , or debauch those Native Parts , so richly imbellished , either by the foyl of worthless Society , or by an ungenerous Education , which is a Second Nature , and usually corrupts the Spring-head with some impure mixture ? Our Calidonian Neighbour is to be commended in this ( and really in little else ; ) where , if he be a qualified Person , he will not suffer his younger Sons to nestle long under their Mothers Wings ; but sends them abroad to be Educated : and consequently by Language , Discourse and Carriage so inabled , as their Demean appears graceful , their Society grateful in all their Addresses . Which Improvement , by help of Education ( if we may believe ingenuous Barclay ) raiseth it self to a Story higher in his Countrey , than any other Nation in Europe : which he attributes to the apprehensive capacity , observation and confidence of his own Natives , in these words : For Education of their youngre Sons , the Nobility and Gentry of our Countrey are praise-worthy ; for , in stead of Mannors at home , it is their care to furnish them with Manners abroad . No convenient cost is debarred them , nor divertisement admitted them , that may any way obstruct their proficiency . Wherein their Native ingenuity , furthered by an industrious docility , acts so happily ; As , what Studies soever they encline to , they prosper in them with wonderfull success . None are more patient of Military duties , nor more valiant in Fight , being led on by confident Leaders . Nor do the Muses ever appear more beautifull , than when they inspire the breasts of * Scots . They are capable also of City-business , and can fit their industry to any kind , either of Life or Fortune . But those that travel , or rather wander in a poor fashion , and rely upon no other meanes , than going to the Houses of their Countreymen , which are grown rich in other Lands ; and demand , as it were , the tribute of their Countrey , as they partake not of that generous Rank , so are they most intollerable in their proud beggery . But there is nothing wherein they deserve more praise , than in their providing so for the younger , as they shall never need to be pinn'd on the sleeve of the Elder . A great fault in our English Gentry , who usually make their younger Sons their elder Brothers Falconers : or expose them to such desperate fortunes , and withall so incapable of any serviceable imployment , as for want of a better way , they oftimes make the High-Way their Calling . Be it your principal care then , hopeful Sir , ( for so must I hold you , till vanity lose my hopes in you ) that as by course of Nature through your Minority , there is left to you less , so by your pious industry you would improve it more . This will inlarge the fame of your Discretion , as well as Fortune ; And raise a fair Fabrick to a younger House . IX . Advice to a Gallant . YOur Profession is Gallantry : and standing on that Punto , you look to be handled more softly and tenderly . Otherwise , you mean to act the Rantor , though no Hector ( for your thoughts have dispenc'd long ago with that Complement of valour ) in a phantastick shrug , or an impertinent vapour . Yet will not all this avert a considerate Pen from coping with your dangling Plume . Neither shall we lay our disgust , so much upon the vanity of your Habit ; for that may suit with the levity of our time : as that Epidemical Habit of Vice sufficiently discovered in your fruitless expence of time . Shall we trace your Steps from Morn to Night ? we shall find in your Wals and By-wayes a continued Night . The first Idol you adore is your Glass ; wherein you court your self in such an accurate mean , as if Narcissus were reviv'd , and presented there , purposely to admire his own shadow . What a tricking and trimming , purfling and poudring , painting and perfuming bestow you on the Case , while you neglect the Instrument ! which adulterate daubing makes Nature appear a stranger to her self . And whereto tends all this ? Truth is , I may safely conclude with that serious * Cynick : If it be done for your self , it is madness : and if for another , it is sin . By this time we are to imagin you compleatly accoutred for the visit of your Ladies chamber ; which to your honour , flies quickly open , to give the freer admittance to your amorous encounter . Present access promiseth no less prosperous success : which , though it be sometimes in your thoughts to expedite to your advantage ; yet falling doubtful in your resolves , whether to suit her for a Wife , or a Mistriss , you grow cooler in your pursuit , than you were in the beginning . This troubles you more , than the recollection of your mis-spent hours . Let me draw near you ; what do you pitch upon in this Contest ? Have you weigh'd her ? Is she too light for a Wife : and too cunning for a Mistriss ? Leave her , before your thoughts be too impressively fixed on her : lest she , indeed , play the Mistriss , and become your Commandress . Alcides was as strong as you ; and Omphale made him her slave . So imperious is licentious Love. But , having taken leave of your Love-sick Lady ( who at least pretends so ) with promise of an evening visit ; your next Address must be to the Ordinary ; where you incounter with more variety of dishes to give relish to your luscious appetite ; than any useful discourse to improve your knowledg . Nay , should occasion be offer'd , ( as there will be some ever who take care to satisfie their Brains as well as their Bellies ) of helps that way ; your Conceipt , by running a wool-gathering after lighter fancies , sends you away as empty as you came . Gaming , Tennis , Baloun , Bilyard , with other light dalliance , have so forestall'd your unsetled judgment , as they will give no free admittance to the intervene of any Serious Discourse . Neither could any thing more be expected from you ; seeing the Principles of those who had the greatest influence on you , and nearest interest in you , could make you no dangerous person for Designs : nor accurate for matter of Discourse , Your Mercer , Milliner , Taylor , and Perfumer , though they made you a neat Outward Man , they could not with all their Art so compleat you , as to present you Inwardly suitable to an Intelligible Company . It is your Ambition too , frequently to visit the Court ; whereto usually you no sooner come , than you are pitifully caught . Court-Baits are cunningly laid : and your youthful eyes cannot discover them , till you are taken in them . Masks , Presentments , Revels , and Reer-Bankets , have been in our calmer times , attractive Lures to gallant Fancies : which once set on fire , were not quickly quench't . There is one thing likewise , that you have been much noted for , in your very gate : None who past by you , could do you a greater injury than not to observe you . Such was your conceipt , that a gallant Posture could attract nothing less than the Eye of an Admirer . But this is such an easie error , as humane frailty weav's it's Apology . Your thoughts in this aim at no more than a debonair regreet : And , that Man is well bought , who costs but a Salutation . As the Cinamon-Tree may be your emblem , whose Bark is better than the Body ; so may you expect justly for most honour to be done to that part , which your esteem holds most worthy . Thus Sir , have you heard your distemper : and the way to cure you , is to wound you . No Sin-salve without sense of Sin. Corrosives must be used , before Cordials be applyed . You are to be launced , before the Cicatrice be closed . Your wilde affections spread so broad , they must be pruned . Your Ancestors have left you a vast Estate : this should not make you a Libertine ; but Liberal to those that be indigent . Would you be call'd a Gallant ? let your gallant actions proclaim you worthy of that Style . He who goes forth to see a Man aray'd in soft Raiment , disparageth his Judgment , in preferring the Cabinet before the Iewel inclosed in it . X. Advice to his Mistriss . Mistriss ; YOu have got a gallant Platonick ; but in relation to that Title , question may be made whether you or your spruce Servant understand it . The Style is lately minted : and strangely rendred . Plato , though he lov'd to go neat , he was too wise , to appear phantastickly garish : Neither was he so effeminate , as to give free reigns to his affections : though his desires sometimes cloz'd in this period . So he might have his Eyes to read with , his conceipt to apprehend what he read , his memory to retein what he had read and conceiv'd , and a Woman with her necessary attendance to serve him ; whatsoever might befall him , should not perplex him . Which sociable assistance holds concurrence with that best and most infallible Directory : and may serve for a Rule to every distinct Family or Society . He who saw all things , saw with his Providential Eye , That it was not good for Man to be alone . And therefore gave him a Fellow-helper . This divine † Ethnick having attained the happiness ( as is generally thought ) of perusing the Book of the Old Law ; and of conference too with the profoundest Rabbies , might be sufficiently informed touching the authority of this Precept : and so captivate his understanding to the Letter of the Law , in honour to the Law-giver . But , make search through every Coast , Creek and Corner of his Platonick Commonweal ; and find me one passage in it , that authorizeth you , my lovely Mistriss , being Married , to entertain any Platonick , or affectionate Confident . Or any such Allowance as Alimony by a discontented Lady petitioned : or any such suit by the Court of the Areopagites , Ephorists , or Roman Conclave admitted . Defects in an Husband were in those times held so excusable to a Wife ; that if the Man chanc'd to have a * stinking breath , the Woman , out of an honest simplicity , thought every Man had the like . No deformity could estrange their fancy , after Hymen had ty'd the Knot . Now Madam , how differently play you your Game with these amorous Coyes ! Neither is one Favourite sufficient for your various appetite . Recollect yourself ; and value that most , which becomes a Woman best . Modesty is the choicest Ornament that Beauty can put on . It takes in more Lovers and Admirers in an hour , than wanding eyes can purchase in a year . I would woo thee , if thou didst not prevent me , said that witty Suter . How many lose themselves by sending forth loose eyes ? Had Dinah never stragled , she had kept her fame unblemished . It was an antient custom among the Romans , for the Married Women , upon their first return home , and entrance into their Houses , to put off their Shooes ; implying , that they were no more to roam abroad , but keep within doors . Whence it was , that the † Snayl became the Huswifes Emblem , carrying her house alwayes about with her . But it may be , Mistriss , you to whom I direct my Discourse , and intend my Advices , have not yet entred into that Honourable State. I will speak to you therefore as to a Maiden-Mistriss , in which rank , howsoever it be with you , you desire to be numbred : and acquaint you with some Caveats , which may highly improve you , being duely observed . Supposing you to be such a Person , as hath a disposing power of your self and Fortunes ; beware that you make not your own breast a treacherous Guardianess in betraying your trust . And herein your Sex oftimes suffers through too much Credulity . Pretenders to love are dangerous Orators to taking Eares . If Vows , Protests , or if need require , Decoys Dam's may work the feat , they will not fall a grain short of Perdition , to purchase your indanger'd affection : Whereof , should they once become Masters , They would render you of all others , the unhappiest Mistrisses . No sooner lov'd than loath'd , and in that notion lost for ever . But admit , Mistriss , you were of another humour : and could stand strongly upon your Guard , in defiance to all Assailants . Yet suffering Death to enter in by the Windows , you may unawares make your self a Prey to a pleasing Pretender , and become his Slave , who , with all his heart would have been your Servant . An handsome feature , I confess , is the Object of Fancy : and this it is , you say , has brought you to thraldom : and a Tyrant to your self . Nay , so farr estrang'd you from what you were , as it has brought you to be a Suter , where you were before a Commander . By falling into this precipice , you should irreparably lose your self . For Women to woo Men detracts from the honour of Women . This Task lies properly on the Mans side , as it is wittily made good by that antient Arabian Aphorism : where this Question being ask't , why Man should rather seek the Woman , than Woman the Man ? It is answered ; Because Man has lost more by Woman , than Woman by Man : having lost his Rib , he goes to seek it . In one word , he contracted the Excellency of a Woman in a short , but exact Epitome , who set forth his Mistriss in these words : She is Modest , and knows her self . Which President might make you a Compleat Mistriss ; and your Servant fortunate in his Choice . XI . Advice to him that will take it . WE are now to open our Mindian gate a little wider , by reason of the Confluence of all sorts that are now to enter . As for those who appear so opinionately wise , as they hold themselves sphear'd above the Tropical Point of Advice ; we shall leave them , without exception , to themselves , to negotiate like active Brain-worms in their Vtopian State ; where their Conclusions may pass for Current , and exempt from Censure ; being wrapt up in such Cloudy Dictats , as like those Aegyptian Hieroglophicks , drained from Polyarchus Cave , they surpass the understanding both of the Speaker and Hearer . * May Apuleius in his Golden Ass become their Tutor : for our Genius has dis-claim'd the Charge of any such unprofitable Teacher . We intend therefore our Advice to such only , who , according to the Title of this Essay , will take it . Neither shall we presume to give our Advice to the Counsellor , whose Profession consists in Advice , ( though much might be spoken in it ) how fat fees open his Lungs ; and discover his Receipts by the Eagre pursuit of his Clients Cause ; which Aeschines censur'd highly in Demosthenes Pleadings : arguing an Oxe to be in his mouth when he pleaded for an indigent Client , saying , Lean Fees begot Low Friends . This might allude to a pleasant Passage obviously occurring betwixt two eminent Counsellors in our time ; no less facetiously answered than tartly objected : The one having receiv'd for his Fee a rich Chariot and four gallant Barbs bravely equipag'd , was twitted by his Adversary , saying , Stay Brother , drive not so fast ; which the other no less pregnantly than presently retorted in this sort : Give me leave Brother , I ride not Poast . Covertly jerking at his Office , who by his Poast-Masters Place had vastly inhanc'd his Revenues . But so truly meriting be sundry Persons of Quality in this Profession , as their alacrity in the prosecution of a poor Mans Cause , being grounded on Justness , vindicates their uprightness from any such imputation . Let us then divert our Course from Him , and make our Application to his Client ; who with a potent Purse labours to support an impotent Cause . Our Advice to this litigious Agent then shall be this : that he be cautious in the fulness of his Fortunes , of such Pursutes . Admit , he proceed , and by the assistance of a Cramm'd Purse , prosperously succeed ; that Success will prove a Canker : for , by injoying of what which is not his own , he shall ruine that which is his own ; and make his Posterity suffer , through his scandalous usage of so injurious a Possessor . Many Rich Fathers have by this means made their Heirs die Beggers . A Predecessors care avails nothing , unless it be seconded by a Superiour Blessing . Our Advice to Persons of Quality , whose Descents and Estates have enstyl'd them eminent in their Countrey , shall cloze in this . Let their Breeding be a Signal Evidence of the Family from whence they came . Education is the best Cognizance of an antient Extraction . None can gather from what we wear , what we are , or what we were . It is our language and demean that deblazon us best . Metall upon Metall is false Heraldry : and so be all garish imbellishments to the real Constitution of Gentry . We might observe even in these later times , wherein Persons of Rank and Quality are to be compleatly accoutred to the refinement of this Age wherein they live ; how much they prejudice those Native Abilities wherewith they were at first indowed ; as likewise that Splendor of an Antient Family , from whence they descended ; by being left to themselves , and bestowing the first-fruits of their time , those prime Flowers of their Youth ( wherein the choisest and generoust Seeds are not only sown , but spring to their best proficience ; ) upon debaucht Societies and unbred Consorts much below themselves . Their acquaintance with a Countrey Can , quickned with the pleasing Title of a Brave Lord , or a Gallant young-Master , madds them above measure . Whereas , if they frequented Company suitable to their quality , they might find with less expence , and more useful experience , what would best become them both in Places of Pleasure and Judicature . Now to propose them to whom we direct our Polemical Discourse , Places of Improvement ; as Vniversities are fittest for laying the foundation ; So Inns of Courts be the properest for Civil Mean and Deportment . The one for grounding , the other for maturing . Scholastical Breeding , if it rise no higher , may be accounted Pedantical ; but being compleated by Conference , and choice Conversation , it becomes graceful . There was nothing that could move Democritus to more vehement laughter , than to hear the amorous discourse of a Stoical Scholar . His Passion was presented with such unbecoming expressions , as if Pallas had been his Venus , or Minerva his Mistriss . For Travel , it is such an Ornament to Gentry , as it affords in Table-treats a voluble tongue ; whereas a want of it begets silence : unless Ignorance assume to it self so much confidence as to discourse of what it knows not ; and consequently discover want of Sense , without apprehension of shame . An intelligent Traveller is the Expeditest Mathematician ; for he carries his Globe alwayes about him . But some we have , who no sooner lose the sight of their Countrey , than they lose themselves . These learn Forein Fashions , but never how to fashion themselves . They retein the Garb , but not the essential Grace of Travel . But set these Shools of Learning , Law and Travel aside ; if our Gentry have a thought of improving their knowledg at home ( for all dispositions are not for lanching the Depths ) our own Metropolis , ( having now recovered her long-sequestred Wits ) is such an Academy , as it may furnish you with a various Society , stor'd with Wits of all sizes , humours and composures : Not only apt to return pleasing accents to the Ear , but rich notions to the Intellect . In which Allay , if your discretion make you so happy , as to entertain into your intimacy the best : such I mean , as may rather improve you , than delude you , and by their subtile impostures , usually practised by our late Trap'nners , surprize you . From which prudent Election , in relation to Society , you shall reap this benefit : it will so clearly distinguish your quality , and in your better parts so exquisitly accommodate you , that not one hour shall pass by you , which may not highly redound to your advantage . Such Acquaintance will beget in you no Repentance . It will appear by your demean , that you have read men ; the usefull'st knowledg for a Gentleman . Books are excellent means to steal away hours ; but serious Consorts render you the best Illustrations on them : These return Spectacles for all Sights . Representing more true Lights than all our New Lights can render . * For these effuse no deceiving , but an intellective splendor , operating strongly upon the faculties of the Soul ; and dilating their effects , not onely to the direction of themselves , but instruction of others . There is an observable Error in this Nation , ( which we could wish were a stranger to it ; ) Many of our Pen-feathred youngsters be no sooner mounted to their Fathers Saddles , than they become eagre hunters after Good-fellows : and to ingratiate them the more , will make them rather their Pensioners , than lose the benefit of their unnecessary Acquaintance . Their only care is , with the Cumin of their inconsiderate bounty to lure those Wild Pigeons to their Coat . Too fruitless a Charge to bestow on such a Covy . It were easie to make a Dish of Meat worth a groat , at a crowns expence ; or to use that strict Laconian adage : It is an hard purchase to gain a Friend with the Sale of a Farm. We shall conclude him then to have forfeited his Judgment , who in his pursute of Friends or Companions , entertains such a Choice as may admit a Change. A Bushell of Salt antiently was held a Measure little enough to Season Acquaintance : It were too rash confidence then to make a Companion at first sight his Secretary , or Bosome Friend . This hath been the ruine of many . Persons of all conditions may experimentally instance it . Now for those who are cry'd up for the Wits of the time ; we would advise them to be well known to those with whom they converse facetiously , or vent their Conceipts . Of all Creatures , none more dangerous than Satyrs : who , while they brush great Mens Cloaths , they fearfully trench upon their own safety , by exposing their freedom to the various construction of the Company . Some there be , who would rather lose their Friend than their Iest. But such Conceipts cost too dear . These had need of many Friends , or their Wits will protest against them , and return them Bankrupts . It is the infelicity of some petulant wits to bring their Owners Heads under the Hearers Girdle , by their indiscreet Flashes . To be merry and wise is a good Rule ; but many through intemperance , or too much confidence , usually transgress that bound . That Sage Precept deserves your remembrance : Be Stoical to none ; affable to all ; but open thy breast to few . By which means , he may sleep without fear , and awake without affront . Of such we may justly conclude , that they have attained to an happy Period in their Progress ; who can look upon the World with contempt , and entertain their Condition with content . These can fix the eye of their Contemplation with a cheerful aspect upon Heaven , as their only Land-mark . Whatsoever is below them , they hold them such contemptible Objects , as they deserve not their Enterview . These know how to put in practice that excellent Advice , in shutting up the Windows , that their House may Shine . Their Eyes , those Windows of the Body must not be imployed in any Office that may unbecome them . Nor any other Sense in that which may detract from her honour that commands them . Such a Regiment cannot chuse but atchieve brave acts , wheresoever ingaged . It is an infallible Maxim , that he who lives so as every day were his last , must necessarily take his leave of the World without a Sigh : and entertain the Summons of Death with a Smile . The Consequence holds , that he who sets his rest upon the Place of true rest , neglects not his Work , but makes Spiritual Labour his Convoy to eternal rest : Such a Work-man is no Idler in the Market-place ; but at the first hour of the day goes down into the Vineyard : and having cheerfully performed the Course of his imployment , he makes the Evening his dayes Accomptant : closing his nightly return with this useful question : O my Soul , what hast thou done this day ? A mind so Devotionally exercised , makes the Natural Sun his Spiritual Emblem : The Sun , as it shines brighter at its setting , than its rising ; so the splendor of his exemplary Life appears Clearest at his Ending . There is nothing more inglorious to Age , than for an Old Man to have no other Argument to prove his years , than his Gray Hairs . Like an Almanack out of date ; a neglected Address , or a defac'd Record , he appears in every Conference , or Passage of Consequence . Though his many mis-spent years have made him an Elder in the Ward where he lives : and the Revestry admit him a voice in the Election of a Lecturer ; others , less old , but more ripe , supply the number ; while he is left to himself with leasure enough to wipe his reverend beard , and content his weak sense with the place of a Cipher . These would make rare Elders for deciding Doctrinal Controversies : or Stating Cases of Conscience . What numerous emergent Errors have we known to have been broached from the Principles of such pretending Rabbies ; whose reverend esteem lay only in the Colour of their Hair ? Such advantage had Time given them , as their years authorized them with an ignorant confidence to set up , what the succession of many years could not pull down . Hence it was , that one of our Modern States-Men , from his long Experience in sitting at the Stern of the State , wisely concluded , That he never knew any Constitutions all his time more inconsistent with a Politick State , than those which came from a Gray Head , and a Green Brain . A face of gravity made them appear what they were not ; but a clear judgment would present them in their own shape , and discover to the World what they were . In Arguments of Discourse , the recollection of our own thoughts , assisted by the observation of others , is the only way to gain Wisdom . He that loves to hear himself talk , seldom improves his Knowledg . Many by too much talk have lost themselves ; few or none by silence . Harpocrates with his finger on his Mouth was held the Wisest Sign in Athens . That Spartan Sage seriously observing how one sufficiently ripe in years , spake like a young Man : I should have adjudged you ( said he ) worthy to sit in the Highest Place , till I heard you speak ; but your tongue has dishonoured your age : come then down , and give that young Man room , whose downy Chin pretends more to age in his express , than you to Sense , with all your aged Experience . It is the tongue that either betrays , or improves the Iudgment . A Member better ordinated for Service than Command . Our Advice should now descend from the Laity to the Clergy ; which admits sundry Divisions . But those many Scisms and Divisions among themselves , may save me that labour . Be it their Task to Preach both by Word and Work : that , what their tongue speaks to others , their exemplary life may Preach to themselves and others . A Lamp stored with such oyl , will burn with pure Zeal . One Accent breathing on the heart , is worth a thousand sounding in the Ear. TWO CHOICE CHARACTERS Suitable to these TIMES . 1. A Countrey Commissioner . 2. A State-Competitor . 1. A Countrey Commissioner IS an Instrument pretending to Peace ; and by his long imployment might effectually advance it , if his twilight Judgment could either contrive the way of composing it , or some self-interest , or partial respect ( dangerous Eye-sores in all Commissional Courses , ) did not obstruct his Proceedings in this Path-way to Peace . Now there be two Instrumentals of this Profession , who run descant on different keys . The one would seem to know more than they do : the other to know more than they seem . It would make a Stoick laugh , were his thoughts never so clowdy , nor confin'd to an unsociable privacy , to observe the Posture of that seeming-wise Commissioner ; how demurely he stroaks his reverend Beard : and with a grave politick nod , shaking his shallow nodle , ( having heard an Intergotory , which he understands not ) most authentically concludes : — There lies the knot of the business . But it partakes too much Gordian for his numm'd fingers to unty . Nor skills it much how the Commission runs ; who bolder than blind Baiard ? His confidence will boulster out his Non-sense , and make him appear to the judgment of those , whose brains were pounded in the same Morter with his own ; and whose conceipts might be found by a measuring cast of equal size , a Sage Sophy . His return home informs the whole Family with his Commissionary Carriage ; how he canvas'd the Cause ; puzled the Witnesses , and made black appear white to the amazement of his Hearers . So highly transported is this Countrey Dottrell with his wants , as he holds them for unparallel'd Parts . It was my fortune , in my younger years , to be known to one of these Shallops ; a Person of a strong-pretending design , but weak dispatch . There was nothing that contented him more , than to have an Oar in every ones Boat : his Sickle in anothers Harvest . As for Commissionary Employments , though poorly vers'd in such addresses , this officious Pragmatist would ever make one , if either his Personal Application to the Parties interessed , or the free offer of himself would procure his admittance . It hapned one day , that this obsequious Agent , who usually bestowed many dayes to small purpose , was nominated a Commissioner in a business of Consequence , and distance to the place of his dwelling : which quickned his morning awake for his more seasonable attendance . Yet , in his way , resolving to call on his Neighbour , a down-right Boor , and never acquainted with such imployments ; Are you asleep , said this wise Arbitrator , that all things are so husht and quiet about you ? Yes truly , answered his Neighbour , I am taking my morning nap , for I have little else to do . O well are you , reply'd this Sir Politick Pol , that God has lent you so small a Talent of understanding ; you may take your rest , while my abilities will not suffer me to sleep : One or other is ever relying on my head-piece ! Now tell me , was not this a brave Arbitrary Squib to compose differences ? And should many of these wise Pretenders pass the Inquisition , we might find them falling into the same rank or file : onely deluded with Self-opinion , and consequently in the Ballance of Iudgment , wherein all human actions are equally poized , deservingly sleighted and disvalued . But such simple arrogance is ever most noxious to it self . He who would be thought wiser than he is , and to have those Parts which he has not , lesseneth himself in the weak discovery of those he has . Iugurth had a great advantage of Hyemsal . He had the happiness to speak little , and do much : whereas the other had the property to speak much , and do little . That Client gave good advice to his Advocate , in telling him roundly , If he stood for him , let him speak materially , or not at all . Those who over-doe the work , generally in affairs of this nature , pull down more than they set up : and by their Superstructure give their Adversary ground for erecting a Story higher than he intended : or upon the weakness of such a foundation he could have probably expected . But , such as these are fearless Bugbears in Commissionary Causes ; they love to hear themselves talk ; which gives occasion to their solid Opponent , to use those words with an acute , but composed passion , which Aeschines return'd to Pithias : Good God , when will this long-lung'd wittall leave his babling ! The only office of these self-wits consists in a fruitless appearance to their behalf , for whom they are nam'd ; but much to the Parties prejudice for whom he appears : being no less ignorant than arrogant in returning what he should , or discussing what he ought to his benefit ; for whom , to his honour , he sat like a Cypher , without advancing his cause for whom he stood . Good Causes stand in need of wiser Commissioners , or they will in a Terme or two dwindle to nothing ; and shape the Plaintiffs Suit to the neglected habit of a Forma Pauperis : and so leave him like Plato's naked Man , with two feet , but without feathers . A pitifull pittiless Spectacle in a Court of Justice ! We are now to return you the character of a Spirit more genuine , and of a stronger temper . The last we presented on the Stage , spake much , but knew little ; but you shall hear one now , who , though he speak little , knows much . Empty Vessels send forth ever the shrillest sound : whereas deepest Foords stream a-long with the calmest course . And experimentally shall that Man find this close Politician , who takes occasion to imploy him , no less full of danger , than he is of depth . He has a self-interest in every Commission : and can angle cunningly in troubled waters : and to display him in his native colour , Reward holds such influence over him , as it has power to over-byas him ; by tracing the steps of Coelius , who pleaded best with his left hand . Such State-Cheats , though covertly carryed , be frequently practised . Hope of profit , said that divine Cynick , beats strongly upon the pulse of honesty . His previous intentions may be clear and integrious ; his resolves for whom he deals , rightly byassed , and equally ballanced ; but some friendly advertisements , inclosed in gilt paper , quite turn the hinges , and drive those honest resolves upon nibling at a dangerous attractive bait , soon out of doors . It was sometimes disputable , whether it were better for one , in a Case of Judicature , to make choice of an Agent , who would betray his Cause through simplicity ; or of such an one , who would make a prey of him by his subtilty . Neither of them is good ; but the determination of this intricate question closeth in this : whether it were easier to digest ( though they be both meats of hard concoction ) suffering under an apparent foe , or a pretending friend ? Thus have we found you two Commissioners , both appearing , but neither worthy approving . For , as the one might by his ingenuous simplicity betray your Cause , wherein he is interessed : So might the other , by his partial-gilt subtilty , expose your credulity to prejudice , where you least suspected . To decline these precipices , no course clearer nor safer , than to make choice of such , whom your own assiduate experience , or repute of the Countrey wherein they live , inform you sufficiently , both of their honesty and knowledg . And distinct notions you may easily find in these , whether they in that qualification , merit your approvement or no. For , if honest , they will return you that Answer which that antient Sage gave to his Son-in-Law , in a case of like nature : I am yours in just Causes onely . Neither will these Commissioners ( presupposing them honest ) make it their onely work to sit upon Examination of Witnesses ( though of principal concern to their office ) but to address Proposals of Peace ; and pursue those Motions with that discreet moderation , as it may produce effect , unless the spirit of contention , usually reigning in litigious Plaintiffs , obstruct it : It is a grounded Maxim , that the best Commissioners be the effectuall'st Peace-makers . They erect a Chancery within themselves , and conscientiously compose the quarrel . As for Knowledg , being the second requisite ; Practical Experience is the best Directory ; chalking him forth the way wherein he is to walk ; which accompanied with Integrity , compleats the Work. 2. A State-Competitor IS an High-Flyer ; hatcht in an airly Ayry ; apt to mount before he find wings ; bred to the disquiet of all , but most to himself . For the Triumphs of Miltiades will not suffer Themistocles to sleep . He is all quick-silver , and in his career , of such a perpetual motion ; as Phaeton-like , he gallops over the twelve Signs in a moment : but resolves his ayry grandure like a Squib , with the presentment of a Flash , to nothing . * Having left the Countrey , breathing too foggy vapours for his queazy stomack , his resolves hold for traversing the Court : where he takes notice of an early State-Favourite , who by his timely rising had out-run him : but he means , if his designs fail him not , to win ground on him , and out-strip him too ; by fishing so artfully with his golden hook , and strength of assisting Relations . He has so much wit as to humour the Times : and to attempt with a conscientious indifferency whatsoever may advance his own interest . But for as much as one must creep before he go ; he treads the Pallace-yard at first gingerly ; talks demurely : and in every Posture composeth his counterfeat garb to that gravity , as if Ambition were his Alien , and Stoicall Civility his Darling . But , finding the way of being great is to become popular ; he makes it his onely work to ingratiate himself first with the Pedantry : and by their applause , easily acquir'd by a gracefull aspect , and arguments of bounty , to mount one story higher . Hot Embers cannot lye long raked up in ashes , some sparks will break forth , and discover their confined heat . Suppose him then entring the Lobby ; where he acquaints himself with some necessary Appendices to the Court ; laying his Project , how by their means he may raise his infant hopes to their intended height . And it falls out seasonably ; for by their conduct he makes way for his future preferment . In the mean time he moves slowly . Weak wings impt with such slender helps cannot promise any speedy nor successive flight : He must not then rest here . Neither can he expect by his early rise to find any firm footing . He has read of Mazarella's fate ; and by his example , loth would he be , that his fore-noon honour should be crush'd down by an after-noon fall : or suffer his infant-Glory to set in a Cloud . But his attentive Ears open to all reports that may any way conduce to his advantage ; no less opportunately than fortunately hear of a late-mounted Lord , highly advanced , but meanly gifted . One , who by his immerited growth , having over-swoln himself , makes an Idol of his Titular Honour . Yet this self-conceipted Pharisee stands in needs of a Scribe , to supply his defects ; having nothing to subscribe him great , saving an illegible mould of dis-joynted Letters ; which presents a name above the apprehension of a Reader . This Place , though far below his aims , this fresh-water Courtier accepts : and within few Months , by his dextrous Pen , and the Grace his insinuation has got , he becomes too big for his Place : and what might be wondred at , Competitor to his Master : whom he oft-times out-strips , leaving him as bare in esteem as he was of merit . But , no great Competition can be observed in this : we are to climb higher ; and in our ascent make choice of such Subjects , who appear equally seated in a sphear of Greatness ; but jealous of one anothers rising ; contrive wayes of undermining them ; though the issue tend to their own ruine . And this we derive from the Main Wheels , and Principal Movers in State-affairs : wherein every one sitting near the Stern , transported with the height of ambition , and immoderate heat of preeminent desires , has made a private contract by way of Covenant , with his endeered thoughts , that he will either appear absolute in his commands , or fall under his own burden . And to accomplish his ends ( which many times bring him to an untimely end ) he neglects no opportunity , nor declines any difficulty . Relations in these ambitious contests are wholly dis-valued . The neerer they be in blood , these Competitions generally procure them more hate ; which seldom ends without blood . Of so high an estimate is the purchase of Honour , as it challengeth a Prerogative above affinity , amity , or what may seem dearest to Humane Society ▪ Caesar will admit of no Competitor . Two Suns cannot shine in one Sphear : nor two Eagles sharers in one Prey . It is above belief to observe how Rivolets of blood , streaming from one vein , should divide their course into severall Chanels : and by their impetuous motion , make their influences appear so brackish and distastfull one to another . Cast your eye aside , and you shall see what a coil this State-negotiator makes , to make himself envy'd ! Sleep is a stranger to his eyes , and Rest an alien to those fruitless Projects of his active Brain . He suspects a Foe , though he see none ; but truth is , he has reason to be jealous of none more than himself . For , Ambition hath been held the onely self-betrayer of her Master . Any one might justly wonder , how Man , indu'd with reason , and highly inabled by conference , should suffer himself to be so deluded with the shadow of Greatness : which his Experience sufficiently informs him , to be the most incentive fuell for kindling Enmity , and the greatest disturber of Bosomquiet and security . For , how should those sacred Palms of Peace flourish , where this Endive is planted ? Neither is it the fortune of these rising Gourds , by their premature growth , to beget Foes ; but to make Foes of their best Friends , and that deservingly : for the acquisition of those immerited Honours usually so deprave their manners , and disorder their affections , as their grandure makes them forgetful of themselves ; and with a slight aspect to pass by their antient Acquaintance . Philotas , when his Friend , who might have formerly challenged an interest in him , preferred his Sute unto him , hoping by his powerful mediation to prevail in his address , he neglectfully rejected him ; telling him , " He knew him not : But after that this Petitioner had return'd him sundry signal evidences of their former familiarity ; O , said that high-swoln Favourite , I must confess , I did sometimes know you ; but I am not the same I was then . Too much familiarity with Persons of your quality might make me lose my self : and consequently eclipse that splendor which the Princes favour has bestow'd on me . This it was , which made that Divine Moralist to define Honour an Imposture , because apt to delude the Owner ; by moulding numerous fancies in his brain : and by too eagre a pursute , and acquiesce to his humour ; which in short time exposeth his distemper'd Fancy to that incurable Frenzy , as he becomes his own Idolater : He holds himself secure , when most at distance with security : holding that most dear unto him , which proves his assiduate enemy . Thus in this State-Contest , it is their onely labour to shoulder out one another ; where the stronger wins the Prize ; whiles his disheartned Competitor sinks down with dishonour : So as he may properly use those words , which Eumenes did to Demetrius : I had been equal to thee in Honour , if thy Shoulders had not weighed heavier . But what advantage gains the Conqueror by this Master-prize ? A disguise onely , and an undermining danger . His Disguise puts on a vizard of State gallantry , shrouded with converse , and acquaintance from strangers ; wherein he grows an infinite Proficient , both for Dress and Language : Having got the Spanish Shrug , and the French Cringe , with all those Courtly Garbs and Postures that may most estrange him from the knowledg of his Familiars . His quaint Complement too has so well school'd him , as he can cross Proverbs , and tell the World that Interest can lie : For , his aims , in advantage to his own Interest , have altered his shape , by moulding him much like Tiberius , walking in the Clouds , and dissembling a guize unknown to his best Friends ; seeming in appearance least , what he is is really most . But it fares with him in his unexpected fall , as it doth usually with all State-Favourites in their decline . For , as they slighted their Friends in their rising ; they find none to commiserate their condition at their setting . By shewing to their Inferiours a scornful contempt in their Height ; they became contemptible to their deserted Acquaintance in their Ebb. His allusion was not improper , who resembled State-Competitors to Court Combatants . Whence it was , that that Heavenly Dog ( for so Laertius calls him ) being askt what was done at Court ? told them , That they were tripping up one anothers heels . Now for that undermining danger , whereto ( as we formerly toucht ) they are most incident ; they appear commonly nearest to it , when they hold themselves most distanc'd from it . Though Damocles Sword hang over his head by an hair ; the sweetness of Soveraignty deludes him with the britle promise of Security . This rising Sprig sprung up to a surreptitious growth , though numerous Competitors , like cunning Pioners , labour to undermine him ; and his timing followers dayly fall from him ( for such Rats will not stay long , when they see their House fall to decay ) but in quest of better Masters swim with the stream , pursuing the current of that time , which may afford to their hungry hopes most advantage . Yet this secure Favourite , I say , is so belulled with the Lethargy of his expiring honour , as he takes no notice of these previous signals , nor divining Notions of his ensuing ruine : but conceipts that he has clipt the wings of Fortune , and that she has no power to fly from him . Mean while , his feathers fall from him ; finding by degrees that his seam-rent Estate falls neither under any Predicament of quantity ; nor his declining Honour under any Predicament of quality : but both shrunk down into a desperate precipice , without remedy , or hope of recovery . And so good night Competitor . The Court-gate is shut , and no hope of admittance . A PHANATICK IS a State-Empyrick , who pretends , and prescribes too , sundry preposterous , or adventitious ( and to himself most advantagious Cures ) to all diseases , but effects no Cure. Yet the unbounded impudence of this Mercenary Mountebank is such , as he must of necessity paste his poysonous Bills on every Post : and like a cunning Impostor , disperse them in every blinde Corner . He pretends to Architecture , but acts more for Superstructure than Foundation . He would play the Navigator too , but without direction of Card , use of Stern , or Rudder : which must no less necessarily , than fatally , expose his misguided Vessell to an inevitable danger . He has such Aery Crotchets in his Whymsicall brain , as he dare not safely discover , lest Common Sense should convince him of Error : notwithstanding all this , he holds fast to his Phanatick Principles , and maugre all opposition , scorns to bough a foot of ground from his groundless Positions . He partakes of no Humour less than Loyalty : having profest himself a Mortal Enemy to all Rules and Rights of Soveraignty . Yet should it be left to his Choice to give Laws to a Nation , or Mould Principles for the Settlement of a new Government ; what an Vtopian State would he shape us ? Our late cry'ddown RVMP would appear a rare Common-wealth unto it ! He 's a Bird of so changable an Ayry , as he cannot hold to one Nest : Neither can he for a World make his latter hour an approver of what he resolv'd on in the former . He attests his Life to be a constant Duel ; wherein for want of a Combatant , he will not stick to present a Challenge to himself : and ingage his own Person to be his own Assailant , aspersing a dishonour on himself , should he chance to fail in answering this self-quarrell : being incomparably at more distance with himfelf than any other Creature . Were he a Master of Musick he would fix much upon Ayrs , wherewith his unsetled brain is more than sufficiently stored . His only Musical Lecture would run wholly on Division ; the highest Rapsody of his Fancy . He holds it an impossibility for any Common-wealth to derive its Essence of Government from Order : He findes no such Rule in his Syntaxis . For recreation-sake he loves Fishing , but it must be in Troubled waters . Wherein if it be his fortune to catch any nibbling too greedily at his Bait ; he handles them , and hales them to that Precipice , whereto his distractions have irreparably thrown him . By this time , his irregular impudence has dragg'd him to that desperate madness , as he starts at the name of a KING , as if it were some Prodigious Title ; and so it has ever appear'd to his Anarchial Conceptions . Would you have him discovered in his own posture ? Trust me , he were a rare Limner that could do it . Protean shapes cannot vye with his for variety . Sometimes like a melancholy Don , with his armes a Kembo , he walkes as if he went to quarrel with his own Shaddow . The Ayr breaths unkindly on him . The Sun too untimely cloaths his Beauty in a Cloud , purposely to dis-relish him : nothing suits well with his humour , because he personates to life a Man quite out of his humour . But truth is , he has lost himself , by losing the Issue of his Designs . Either was his Plot too high for his Pate , or his Pate too open for his Plot , as both fail'd him in his hopefullest addresses . Again , should you see him in the Career of his successfull Projects strut along like a Man of a new mold , or rather like one made up of Wainscot , you would take him for a nice Representative , formally modish all o're ; for as his look appears so supercilious , as it redarts every eye with a scorn ; so be his joynts so inflexible , as they will submit to no Civil-Salute . But thanks to his sinister Stars , seldom , or never be his hateful Assays accompanied with such success , as it may afford him occasion long to rejoyce : or for Good Men who abhor his Designs greatly to repine . States appear ever in their fullest Orb , and highest Splendor , when this State-shark by a vertical Swinge , is at his lowest Ebb , and quite driven out of his humour . Neither yet could any Sage , or apprehensive Head-piece hold such a Shallop as this , a Person of considerable danger to any well-managed State. For , observe him generally , and you shall find him without much Scrutiny , that though he make villany his Minion , and Treachery his Bosom-Companion : yet he becomes so unfaithfull a Secretary to his own Counsells , as they either betray him , or he circumvents himself by discovering them . It was my fortune sometimes to be known to a Stirring Spirit of this Leven ; who , beside his transcendent dexterity in designing ( the prime faculty of this latter age ) pretended to be a Person singularly gifted in the smooth art of a Pen-Man ; and to compleat the work which his Address shap't him to , he had a Reserved Character of such intricacy as none ever attained the Use , or Clavis of it beside himself . But see how farr he went beside himself ! For that artful secrecy whereof he was foolishly confident , that by the Agency of his Rebellious Sectaries , might procure him a badge of honour ( as the Tide turn'd ) twicht up his blasted hopes in an halter . This was a Phanaticks fate of high prize . May all such who nere leave a Civil State without a Flame , Perish in the like Nouze . Now to distinguish him , and display his native quality in his own posture and colour ; I shall give you the trouble to render you this troublesome Creature in a clearer Character . That as the Leper in the Old Law was to proclaim his dangerous Infection , by crying out , I am unclean , I am unclean ; or , as upon the Door of any Person , whose house was visited with the Plague , this has been , and is usually writ in fair Rubrick-Letters , Lord have Mercy upon us : so this Contagious Member , whose Factious Nature out-strips the malignity of the worst infectious distemper , may be publickly discovered , and his hatefull Society timely avoided : which , unless severely censured , might bring to that State which he labours to imbroil , an Epidemical Infection . It is neither the least , nor lowest of his mischiefs , wherewith his seditious Forge is plentuously stored ; of having the faculty of playing the State-Libeller : And he holds correspondence with his Instrumental Ingles to disperse those Tart Papers . Wherein it is the endeavour of these Phanatick Malecontents to vilifie the Quality of those Persons , whom in Loyalty they are obliged to serve . And , from whence Originally springs this Anarchial Spleen ? Either from a private disgust , of being crost in the pursute of their Preferment ; which their daring confidence brought them into an easie belief , that their Parts , and Qualities well deserved : or from an imbred hate to such who were preferred before them . This begot amongst the antient Ethnicks that ingenuity of fancy , in their height and heat of Ambition , and violent torrent of Competition , as they in short time practis'd the art of teaching their incaged Birds articulately to prate , and in their taught Diallect scornfully to jeer their Contestees , whether they were in quest of Fancy or Honour . This it was that made that egregious Buffoon of Mantua to prefer a Bill of Inditement against a Scandalous Bird , as he call'd her , for impeaching his Fame ; for which dammage , said he , the roguish Bird could never make him amends . But we have here other Phanatick Fools to supply the office of those Canting Fowls , who play the Night-walkers ( for their works hate the light ) making it their only design to asperse dishonour upon Persons of Honour : nay , to blast Soveraignty with an ignominious touch ; purposely to weaken Loyalty , by alienating the fluctuant affections of such Timists from their Allegiance ; whose malleable temper might have prov'd sound enough , if those poysonous Ingrediences had not corrupted their Principles . And to effect their Essay , it is the usual Custom of these Phanaticks , to lay plausive , and attractive Baits to catch those unwary Novices . Privileges of Right ; Liberty of Subject ; and a Levelling Line , Chalking forth a way to the freedom of a Platonick Common-weal , are specious inducements to State-Libertines . They are weary of the Yoak of Subjection ; and hold it an Aegyptian Bondage ; till a legal Censure , or some other Contingency ( which must be of a corroding quality ) reclaim them from their folly . Truth is , this Phanatick , whose ranting humour convicts him a Phrentick , having already forfeited his Wits , and expos'd his Interest to all hazards , has so desperately suffered that small pittance of Iudgment whereto he pretended ( if any were extant ) to be over-sway'd , and over-swoln with Passion , as his distemper admits small hopes of recovery . Neither is this turbulent Spirit onely predominant over him ; for it has begot in him such a self-opinionate madness , as he would hold it a madder Parliament than that antient Session at Oxford , if he were not made sole - Chairman in it : yet were he design'd for that Place , he would vary so much in his distracted Judgment , from what he had formerly stated , as if he had gon to Bedlam for some new advice . He would play his part bravely with the Antipodes : for it has been ever his course to walk in a Tract contrary to other Men : resembling none so nearly as Damocles , whose use it was to sweat in the Shade , and shake in the Sun. He is naturally affected to no humour more than an unsociable kind of Stoicism : and would gladly play the down-right Cynick , if he had so much wit as to present the Moral Dog in his right posture . But , having neither read Books to inform him , nor Men to improve him , he falls off pitifully , discovering his defects in all . For all this , that un-steady Anvile of his Brain must be alwayes set a-working ; which , though it prove no less useless to himself , than obnoxious to the State ; that day passeth not over his head , which affords not new matter for some occasional Project or other : but so imprudently carried , as in stead of the States , it falls out happily the Projectors Traitor . Shall we now suppose this Grand-Gull catcht in his own Gin ? But let him expect no Reprieve , nor least hope of Indemnity . That Politick Tiberius who could walk so covertly in the Clouds ; and disguise his designs beyond the reach of discovery ; after his detection , and detention of some notorious Persons of this quality , though he were much sollicited by his nearest Favourites for their inlargement , he return'd them this unsatisfactory Answer : Lions and Leopards may be kept in their Grates without fear ; but so cannot these State-Whifflers : for those wilde-Beasts are satisfied with their prey without further designing ; whereas these Tame-Beasts prey upon the fat of the Estate , and act our Ruine by their undermining . Designs come from Reason ; which no Grate can confine : whereas Creatures govern'd by sense are by restraint secure . Whence we may gather , that no Art , nor Experiment , be it never so exquisite , may apply any Cure to this Sore ; nor Cordial to allay this Malady ( acting so strongly for disloyalty ) saving that Licinian Cord which prepared a nouze for a Phanatick Neck , to secure that indanger'd State from the attempts of a bosom Foe , and fatal issue of a grounded fear . In his perusal of those Divine Counsells , which should ( if his Brains were rightly setled ) have especial influence over him , there is no one Precept he relisheth worse , than that of Fearing God , Honouring the King , and from medling with seditious Men. It was never his happiness to be vers'd in these Principles , and consequently of hard digestion to his crude Stomack . He is highly discontented , both with our Government of Church and State ; yet can his ravell'd judgment find no just exception to quarrell with either . He has his constant Emissories , whom , if his Fortunes mount so high , he makes his Pensioners : but , in very short time they either grow weary of their Master , or he of them : the honesty of the one , or jealousie of the other procures a divorse betwixt them . Yet this foreslows not his work : he can Swim , and hold up his Head in those Waters of Division , without help ; unless the Bladder of vain-glory hoise him up ; which by a fatal overture unexpectedly , makes him Sink under his Burden , by intangling himself in the weeds of inextricable ruine . The onely News which take him in the reading of any Diurnall , is the Variance , and Dissention of States . No Countrey-Cormorant can delight more in the prediction of a Dearth , than he of a Princes Death : or some dangerous imbroilment in the mis-management of Publick Affairs . He makes himself most known by three discoveries ; Habit , Company , and Discourse . In the first as phantastick , as his Brain is Phanatick . Some quaint humerous device or other must help to distinguish him by a special Badge , or Cognizance , from Persons of other Subsistence . We have had here domineering among us our Titere Tuu's , and Bugle Blew's . Hectors , and Blades of Metall these pretended to be , and , without doubt , had prov'd so , if their Courage had kept Correspondence with their Countenance . But these two stood at such distance , as Camp Valour , and Carpet Honour could not in their Scutcheons shew more difference . None more generally daring in tongue , nor more provoking in affronts , nor less performing in actions of Challenge . That word of reputation appears at first sight a Notion of high Consequence ; Life is but a vapour in Competition with it : yet will they vapour out , rather than ingage their Persons for preserving it . Opinion is as close to them as their Garment : Both which they usually put off at night : but the change of the one is at more charge than the other : the one may keep its place , while the other is at pawn . Where the disposure of his Raiment , in all Mens esteem , redounds more to his honour , and renders him the sweeter savour : for his Opinion is distastfull to Common sense , while the Credit of his Habit lies in Lavender . For his Company , he makes choice of such , as none would make choice of but himself . Whether antient Separists , or fresh Proselites , they are boulted from the same Bran , and unleaven'd Lump , whereof himself was moulded . Birds of a Feather flock together . A dangerous Communion ( trust me ) for a Civil Society to mix with . These , for want of better imployment ( for baser Stuff cannot be vended , nor to the Brokers disadvantage more exposed ) pull out their wilde , and illiterate Notes ; which upon their unhappy perusal retein the like concurrence , and concordance , as their harsh , and disharmonious Spirits which Pen'd them . These , in the Production of their dis-joynted Annotations ( if their Extemporal Spirits will spare them so much time , as to deliver their giddy Conceptions in Writing ) pretend to infinite humility ; yet in their Conventual Assemblies , they cannot so cunningly palliate their Hypocrisie , but a supercilious immeriting Conceipt of their own Parts ( holding themselves incomparably Gifted-Men ) makes their Ambition burst out ; and after some frivolous , fruitless disputes , without the least tincture of Wit , or vigour of Judgment , many times fall from breaking Priscians head ( a most dispensable Error ) to break Peace with their own . Each of them would play the Rabbi ; yet , though they be of a Iewish Nature , they cannot possibly acquire that Honour ; seeing neither Civil Carriage , nor Language will afford any of them the repute of a Scholar . Thus ends their Convention generally with Contention ; their Society with Civil Warr , for want of Civility . Their Pharisaical Pride will admit no Shroud ; an eagre pursute after Preeminence leaves them incapable of shame : undeservingly high , being of more estimate with them , than deservingly low . To descend to their Discourse , it is egregiously Course : Circularly prodigious , having neither head nor foot . Ridiculously impertinent , yet ever hinting at faction , to discover the malignity of their disposition . " They have heard how Kings are bound by their Piety , and by no other Obligation . But they hold this for no Authentick Assertion : they would have the wayes of Princes chalked forth by their Line ; and by their Judgment to rise or fall . They hold their Clandestine Counsells in extent farr above all Arbitrary Power . This scrues them up to that Confidence , as it brings them to knock , with that saucy Rocheller , at his Princes Gate , and like one of our New-illuminated Saintlings , rapt with a Phanatick Fury , cry out : Keep not back Counsel when it may do good . Well , said the Prince , if it be good I will take advice of mine own heart , and so try the goodness of it ; for I have heard , Sir , to answer to your Scripture ; Take Counsel of thine own heart , for there is none more faithful unto Thee than it . This still'd the Phanatical Separist , leaving him to his Cabinet Counsel , without any farther unmannerly addresses . Again , some of these impostur'd Furies have such Worms in their Brains , that though they have frequently heard , how , He that provoketh a King to anger sinneth against his own Soul ; Yet will not these tumultuary Incendiaries stick to exasperate his indignation , not onely by their Seditious Doctrine , but by their Statizing Libels ; which sufficiently manifests their Qualification , and from what Spirits such phrensies arise . But these may be thought to pass under the Notion of Ranters ; we will return to our profest , or rather possest Phanatick , that Mock-Sun , or New-Light ; who , by his Incredible Illuminations , Inspirations , Revelations , and Enthusiastick Rapsodies , intranceth his deluded Followers . This Gloworme , with his deceiving Splendor , and Adulterate Fervor , holds nearer resemblance to none , than the Pharisaical Gnostick , who pretends to be as perfect as any Apostle . Or like the Frontless Mounte Qank , who takes the Confidence , with a Mimick gesture to delude simple People with his Sophisticated Druggs . So this Doctrinal quack cheats his weak Auditory by the Decoy of Specious Spiritual Titles . Copper all over , though they bear an Orient Colour . These Whited Walls are all for Faith ; grounding their Subsistence on other Mens Works . Active Zelots in pursute of gain , wherein they prove such useful Saduces , as they get no Proselite without a gainful Contract . Conscience is their only Impost , which they scrue up to their highest Interest : wherein they trace the thriving steps of a cunning Prostitute , who will make sure work to have something in hand before he deal . Thus makes our Phanatick such use of his angling , without much useful Doctrine , as his Temporal Purchase farr surmounts the value of his Spiritual Practice . For this over-fed Porket has been so fatned in his Sty , so highly improv'd in the grandeur of his State ; as he is now resolv'd to bid his Soul take her rest . But , sleep she may in her Scism , and slumber without sense of her Sin ; but rest she cannot . To limn this Phanatick to his full body : and display him in his native Hypocritical Quality , would require much art , and more expence of time , than a discreet Pen would willingly bestow on such an ayry Subject ; whose Principles disown the Interest of a Subject . THE BLACK ROD , A DIALOGUE . CALANUS . ATREUS . CAlanus . How now Atreus ! what 's become of your Black Rod ? Is it grown out of request ? or is it your Consuls Iubile year , that we must have no more Whipping ? Atreus . You are i th' right on 't Calanus ; it fares with me as it does with Schoolmasters at Solemn Times ; who are bound by Orders to lay up their Rods for a season . But my hope is , the House of Correction will not be alwayes shut . We have great Peccants , if they durst be discovered : and such , as by a Chymical Application would turn every Sprig of my Sable Rod into pure Ophir Gold. O the dayes that I have seen ! Calanus . Golden dayes , no doubt , Atreus , those were for your Office , and fit for a Comitial Service ; when the Doves went down , and our Kites mounted up . Your only fishing was in troubled waters . No matter for the Spaun , so the Lobsters throve . Atreus . What mean you by those Lobsters , Calanus ? we had none such in our Pool . Calanus . Then had your Pool falln down : and the Good Old Cause utterly ruin'd without redemption . Tush Sir , your long Personal imployment cannot suffer you to be ignorant of those many Ebbs and Flows which our brave Capitol , since it lost his Head , has grapled withall : and in their Civil Domestick Wars , made their Consul House ( to their Honour be it spoken , being what no Record can sufficiently commemorate ) for want of forein Foes , to quarrel with it self . Atreus . This is all true ; But what did these brawls advantage my Place ? What Fees came by all their bustling to the authority of my Rod ? These Corrections which one gave another did not benefit me an hair . As one Member was ejected , another came presently elected . Like Hydra's heads , no sooner was one cut off , than another started up . Or like Iacks in a Virginal , that string which lately sounded slowest and stillest , rose next turn to that height , as it vapour'd sharpest and quickest . But , what was all this to my Rod ? Not one word of Commitment all this while . All these being State-Delinquents , and in the highest qualification : ( for two Parliamentary Apprentice Ships at least had most of those Lobsops sat at their Gamaliel Pims feet , to inable them in Principles of Dis-allegiance , maintaining Arguments of Treason to the advantage of the dis-affected party ) were feathers of one Wing ; and would not adventure to accuse one another : Being all Brethren in iniquity , and equally guilty . Besides , their Parity pleaded their Impunity ; for Equals are not permitted legally to inflict punishment upon their fellows . Which made their Legion compleat . Uncleaner Spirits could not be caften out than what they had taken in . Calanus . Howsoever the World went , Atreus , that righteous Synagogue having Hell so nearly neighbouring it ; and their associating Forces upon Free quarter so closely billetted , it could not want fresh supplies to recrute and furnish their State-Store-house with Complices active enough for their purpose : and highly useful for settlement of their Vtopian Government , or Anarchial Purchase . Atreus . If you mean of our Hell under Westminster , though that victualling Fire be hot , it were happy for some of those ravenous Kite's if they had not an hotter Fire within them . But to fill up those vacancies , which Mortality , or their mutinous spirits have occasioned , there may be moulded Supplies enow to furnish their Augean Stables with fresh Furies ; and in stead of their Secluded Members ; whereof , there be some , I dare positively avouch , have as conscientious hearts , though not organical ears , as any of that Pharisaical Leven can really pretend to ; unkennel such a Triennial Tribe , as may make up their late breaches , and repair the defects of their dwindling Rump , to their infinite advantage . For , though one make no Number ; nay , though Vnity has been a long stranger to their Consumptive Assembly ; yet there is a Mercury Vein that bubleth up ; and with a surreptitious heat , like another Promethean Fire , enliveneth those decayed Members ; which otherwise would have resembled that frost-bitten Snake in the Fable ; that had utterly perished , had not a timely warmth unexpectedly ( and by the Snake unthankfully ) revived it . Calanus . No more Sir , I can without the help of any Mineralist , dive into your Vein . A subtile seditious Volpone as ever wrought under ground . Catiline and Cethegus were but Novices to that Politick Pioner . Atreus . It seems you know him by his Character . Calanus . Know him ! why , all Albion knows him for a Persidious , Perjur'd , Pernicious Mushroom Peer . One who has resolv'd his Conscience to such a Wax-like-temper , as it can mold it self to any feature . No shape but it can assume , to serve his Masters turn . Sinon was a Saint to this Gipsy . This was he , ( and he shall be marked with a Theta to all Posterity ) who swore away the life of the Wisest Statist that ever breath'd in Britany . I have many times wondred upon recollection of his numerous rogueries , what Privilege that Prodigy of Men could challenge to himself from evading the Censure of your Rod ! His unexemplary Exorbitance , being exposed to all mischief , deserved the extremest punishment that any National Law could inflict upon him . Atreus . It is confest ; and that might be conceiv'd the onely Cause why he escaped my Lash . For his imparallel'd impiety might have justly holden my Black-Rod an Instrument of impunity . Higher and heavier Judgments are reserved for him ; which his Anabaptisticall zeal , were it thrice dipt in his Phanatical Iordan , might not decline , nor with all his hypocritical elevation of Eyes , possibly divert . Some of which Wormwood Iudgments have lately befaln his execrable Family . The Top-branch whereof was fearfully lopt off with an Hatchet of Despair ; and his Chaplain near the very same time took a resolution to confine his Doctrinal Honour to the strait circumference of a Self-twisted Halter . Thus decayed the Spaun ; but the Head of these Cantarides survives , which either Exile , or a fatal end will no doubt speedily abridge ; by staying his course from poysoning any more this distracted State with his hateful Principles . Calanus . What might the cause be of his inveterate Splene towards the Person of Strafford ; being one so eminent both for Courage and Counsel , as no State could render it self more happy , than in the injoyment of so prudent and resolute a Consul ? Surely his absolute demean might rather deserve a pious emulation , or judicious admiration , than any malignant endevour of detracting from such a Complement of Honour . This was such animosity in an Enemy , as it admits no President . Atreus . You must know , Calanus , that the Bee and Spider are of different nature . From Flowers of the same influence or operation , the one sucks honey , the other poyson . What in others merited Approbation and Imitation , begot in him Envy and Detraction ; the poysonous fruits of his Serpentine Ambition . It was his grief , to see Goodness grow great . Neither was this all . He understood ( which was an ementitious conceipt , not worth harbouring in an honest breast ) that some of those Titles bestowed on him for his incomparable service to his Prince , and high improvement to the State , had relation by way of Denomination to one of his usurped Mannors : from which groundless occasion , this rankling heat of that raging Rabby broke forth into that unmanly fury , as he found a way ( a way leading to Death ) of dispensing with the ruine of his perjur'd Soul , upon condition he might bereave his supposed Enemy of life . And all this was acted in the Capitol : and yet unreveng'd . Calanus . He was a Person , doubtless , of high accomplishment : nay , such an one as Nature and Art might seem to have contended whether of them should have more obliged him to their endeerments : So amply had they contributed in their several offices to the compleating of that States-Man . So , as it was my fortune one day to hear this positively asserted in a Company of unquestion'd judgments : That if he had surviv'd the various distempers of those times , and the subtile practices of his profest Enemies , by whom he became treacherously surprized ; and when he least suspected , unawares attach'd ; he had not onely secured his unfortunate Master from all ensuing danger ; and preserv'd the safety and union of the State to his succeeding honour ▪ but likewise in the management of State-Affairs , as far over-topt OLIVER , for all his jugling compliance with MAZARENE ; as ever Mazarene did the short-Mushroom honour of hair-brain'd Mazarella . Never was Head-piece more richly stor'd , nor more undeservedly lopped . Which was strongly attested by that Politick Cardinal ; who , upon the report of his Execution , used these words : Had that mad seditious Isle but one Wise Man in it , and could it render him no better reward , nor find other imployment for his Head , than to put it up in a Bagg , and confine his Wisdom to so early a Shroud ! This States-Mans jeer might have brought those who were Principal Actors in contriving his death , to a deep resentment of that irreparable wound they had given to their Countrey , in their relentless pursuance of his Tragedy : But , hope of reward , or desire of revenge had so preoccupated their thoughts , as it had steel'd them with that wilde Irish antient resolution , Never to hold themselves secure from their Foe , till they might play at foot-ball with his head . Atreus . That was the onely way indeed to catch the Old One : But some of those diving Didappers have since that time no less unfortunatly catch't themselves . It had been much better for them to have falln gently under the lash of my Rod , than desperately to have twisted nouzes for their own necks , as some of those Achitophels have lately done . Calanus . And it was done to their honour , for it sav'd the Hangman a labour . But , in earnest tell me Atreus , how will this fagging Rump be made up ; how will it be piec'd and supply'd ? Atreus . I must confess , Calanus , our gelded Synodal , or Parliament . Epitome , maintains Rules contrary to the Principles of all Philosophy ; for they have hitherto most resolutely held a Vacuum ; whereof , though Pryn , with other more Auricular Members , labour'd strongly to continue them ; their opinions , ( because Legal and Loyal ) would not be admitted ; the doors of that Self-mad-House were commanded to be shut against them , and those Excepted Members wholly Secluded ; and in part so confin'd , as they became debarred from challenging their just and lawful Privilege in the House ; which by antient Prescription , and successive Concession , they might duely pretend to . But those few scattered Gleanings that remain shaking and shuddring within , have good cause to be more feverish than those who are shut out . For they cannot chuse but hear a muttring of a Change : and then woe be to them if the Tide turn . For , then take heed that the Capitol be not metamorphosed into a Scaffold . Where those peremptory pragmatical Coxcombs , so much inraged with spleen , or transported with Disloyalty of spirit , must be brought forth of those Tyring-houses , wherein they have been so long disguising themselves , to act their last Parts in the closing Scene of a pittiless Tragedy , to their own surviving Shame , and Dishonour of their Countrey . Calanus . O brave times , when Treason shall hang like a Ball in the Ayr ! Atreus . Mean time , it is thought we must call up a Francepane Fry of Green Wits , as a merry Greek term'd them , to fill up that shatter'd Vacancy with a fresh supply of pitiful Ratlebrains . Calanus . Howsoever , till that Breach be made up ; it remains a Broken Company . A Consort which runs wholly upon Divisions , without the least Ear-pleasing accent of harmony . Atreus . A Bankrupt Factory , trust me ; protested against in every Countrey but our own : and in our own too , if we had as much Spirit , as we have private Splene to discover it . Calanus . This would prove a brave gainful time for you , Atreus , if the Power of your Authority were not eclypsed . Atreus . Not at all Sir ; The Multiplicity of Offenders would soon wear out my Rod. When the Members of a Whole House are to be call'd to the Barr , who will be left to censure them ? They might be accounted fools in the highest measure , if they should fall flat under their own Censure ; or pronounce Sentence upon themselves without recognizance of their Speaker . Calanus . It is true ; but have you not had sometimes Persons ( and those eminent Ones ) of that Leven under your Lash ? Atreus . Never Sir ; my Black Rod observed ever that regular discipline , as it became a State-Academy for all degrees , Sciences and Professions . We had Learned Laud ; nay , the little Wren could not evade my Gyn ; and these were my Chaplains in Ordinary for Divinity . Bacon for Courtship and Oratory . Eliot and Seymour for State-Policy . Bridgman and Palmer for legal Authority . Thus was my Oeconomy held an Vniversity , while the Capitol held up his head , and exalted his horns to the distressed Members of this Nation . These knew how to Suffer ; and how to gain honour by their suffering . These knew how to kiss the Rod meekly , receive their Censure mildly , and pay my Fees freely . Calanus . That was an Age indeed , Atreus , for Midas to turn all into Gold. But how came you to be so unhappily Iack out of Office ? you became either too high for your Place ; or your Place too hot for you . Atreus . O Sir , have you not heard a Story ; which though it be a fiction , yet it retains a singular Moral ; how Proserpine had her Misset , as well as Pluto his Cerberus ; but it was ever observ'd that the poor Misset was husht , and gave not a yelp , when that Hellish Mastiff begun to roar ! So fared it with me and my Officials . No sooner was the High Court of Iustice erected , and with poor Cavaliers blood imbrued , than my Black Rod became untwisted . It was not for us inferiour Groundlings to mutter , much less to murmur , when that terrible Minotaur begun to thunder . The Gibbet grew farr above the height of my Rod. The Tower-Hill Axe soon cut in pieces those blasted Sprigs of my dis-authorized Lash . Calanus . But now the State , like a late-recover'd Bedlam , is rid of both . Atreus . 'T is true ; there is no Lunacy so violent , but it has its Lucida Intervalla ; but one forein drop of Coloquintida strengthned with a Spanish , French , or Imperial Ingredience may utterly spoil the Concoction of our English broath . 'T were good to be merry and wise . But wise we cannot be , so long as we have Foes within and without us , to exercise their fury , or practise their designs upon us . Calanus . But is there any such fear ? Atreus . Such fear , as it is falln into a Quotidian Ague . I am sure there appear many Banks in Holland , as if they had been gilded over by the yellow Streams of Tagus , or Pactolus ; and all these built up and deposited for fear of an Inland Breach , in the hands of their confident Trustees , by our rich Coffemen , those well-lin'd Consuls of our Capitol . Calanus . They suspect a change then . Atreus . Assure your self , Sir , they sweat for 't : and if it prov'd otherwise , all our Nation would find cause to sweat ; the danger appearing so Epidemical . For , though we subsist like Monstrous Members without an * Head ; yet the revolution of some few years has so habituated us to misery , as many of us are become wholly so stupid and senseless , as if we had never injoyed an Head , nor we subject to that Head. Calanus . The Fable of the Frogs and their King will be e're long verifi'd in us : we have been so jealous of our own ; or made our own so contemptible to us ; as we have given way to those who had no property in us , to pretend a Title to that which most concern'd us . The sad consequence whereof has brought us to that desperate Condition , as no man may safely challenge a propriety in his own . The onely way to live peaceably , is to suffer patiently : and with a pleasing smile ( though there be no cause for 't ) to entertain the affronts of an imperious Incroacher with such indifference ; as neither the Agent may take occasion of picking a quarrel at his Murmuring ; nor the Patient prejudice his Cause by his remediless Contesting . Atreus . We have a gallant Cow'd State in the mean time ; when just Men must suffer , because they want power to preserve their right . Surely , those Viceroys which we have lately had , were Mock-Protectors ; for , whereas they should have protected the Subject from injury , they became so taken up with Self-interest , as they minded onely their own Soveraignty . Calanus . And to whom might the blame hereof be more properly imputed , than to our Degenerate Peerage ? whose Descent seem'd to partake more of Coach-man , Page , or Usher , than the Linage of a noble Progenitor , — These deserv'd your Rod more than any Delinquent . Atreus . It is true ; but they so innocently Courted their Peace , as my indulgence granted them ease : and deservingly brought me to the loss of my Place . A QUEST of INQUIRY , Without hope of RECOVERY . WHere 's now your Burleygh , Cicil , Walsingham , Brave Furbisher , Drake , Hawkins , Nottingham ? Their hush't in Clay . These that your Isle affords Are Silken-Civet-comfet-Curtain-Lords , Brisk-cringing Senatours as Apius was , Who spent the Morn in courting of his Glass . THese Dimensions following were Writ in Vindication of the Honour of our Island , and those Eminent and thrice-Noble Commanders now in Imployment : In Answer to a Forein Critical Pasquil. Mean while , our Royal Marine Martialists fear little , but that their Albyon Embarg shall transform their Spungy Satyrs into Sea-Souc't Naiades : and in short time make them serviceable Negro's , to dive and fish for Pearls . A REPLY . HOld Critick , hold ; — We have as gallant men For Valour and brave Discipline as then . Take a Survey of our Victorious Fleet , With which should Neptune with his Convoy meet , They 'd veil their Top-Sails , shouting , let 's give room , " St. George with his stout Myrmidons are come " To Scour the Seas ; 't were fitting we gave way " When Regents of the Ocean bear sway . How pale does Tethis look , fearing to be Made Captive to our glorious Soveraignty ? A Navy more magnanimous never came To slice the surface of the Ocean . Steered by expert Mariners ; th' Event Must needs prove prosperous when High Descent Co-centre with brave spirits : — This will take , And make a greater State than Holland shake . Eye those renowned Dukes , winged with youth , With what deep scorn they look on Carpet slouth ! They 'r all Elyxir'd in their vernal age , Hugging no News like to a quick Ingage . These be Mars Sons , and must to Honour rise , While Others are for catching Butterflyes ▪ Nor do I fear but I shall one day hear Their Fames as Large as Guy's or Godfrey's were ; And mount their spreading Wings from Gath to Dan , And cause the Turk renounce his Alcoran . Cease Critick then ; of Heroes boast no more , We have as Royal Sparks as e're before . TO HIS KNOWING FRIEND R. P. A COMMISSIONER For The SVBSIDY . FRiend ( for a more really amicable Title I cannot give you ) we hear you are named a Commissioner for the Subsidies : wherein you may appear by your even and unbianc'd Carriage , instrumentally Serviceable both to Prince and Subject . For your better accommodation wherein , take along with you these necessary Cautions : which conscientiously observ'd , will bring you off fairly in the discharge of that Office whereto you are deputed : and return you honest ; which in all Commands , Publick or Private , reteins in it that high concernment , as it is principally to be valued . Now in the Execution of Offices of this nature , as they are justly and legally grounded , because from satisfactory Principles derived ; there arise many times sundry grand inconveniences from the inconsiderate Election of our Deputies . While some ambitiously affected , pursue nothing more eagerly than to have a Name in the Roul ; though they know not what to do in it , either in relation to their Prince or Countrey . To be thought Great , or Wise , is their summary End ; though their indiscreet Carriage merit neither of those attributes . It was my fortune lately to be present at One of these Sessionary Commissions ; where One of that Knowing Brotherhood desiring nothing more than to be held by the Commonty an eminent awful Man , suddenly starting up , took a great Oath , ( even by his rich Plume of Feathers ) that if the Subsidy Men then and there assembled did not forthwith pay in their Moneys , He would smook them . Whereto , one no less Metally than Wittily answered him : Sir , by smooking us , you may chance to singe your own Feather , and so darnish the colour of your Oath ; which were a great pity , being the handsomst thing about you . Which smart Answer begot such a general laughter in the Court , as Silence could not be procur'd , though often commanded , a long time after . Was not this fair-plum'd Commissioner of a quick dispatch ? yes sure , but of a weak brood ; rightly numbred amongst those Hymerian Flyes , or Picene Emmets , hatcht before they got shape . These Rhadamantades , who scatter their brains in the Ayr , should be used like that Florentine Fool ; who , holding himself the best Man in Florence , was sentenc'd to be Whipt out of his humour by two Dwarfs , till wearied with their lashings , he no less senselesly than pitifully avouched , that Dwarfs were taller than Gyants ; and that high Men were the lowest men in Florence : which absurdity sav'd him from further Correction . Howsoever , to perfect the Cure in these Ayry Ranters , whom this Age looks upon as the infinitest Pretenders , confident'st Undertakers , and Profusest Scatterers in all our Island ; it were not amiss if they were put to School ( if capable of such useful Knowledg ) before they be admitted to Publick Interests . Assistants in these should not be of a low level . It was antiently decreed by the Ephori , in that flourishing State of Athens ; that no Beardless Person , were he of what quality or descent soever , should be call'd as Assistant in any Publick Service of State ; though that was by maturer deliberation , mainly opposed , alleging , how many might be young in years , who were old in houres . How incapable then are they who appear neither old in years nor houres , for management of any Publick Affair conducing to the welfare of the State ? Were it not a great madness , said our Soveraign King Iames , ( a Prince whose constant addresses were beautified with Palms of Peace ) for the Master of a Team of Horses , being furnish'd with some of a clearer sight , to set a blind Horse before ? We have store of quick-sighted Men ; let such be deputed , leaving these Ayry-Spirited Lapwings , who leave their Nests before they 'r taught to fly . Such flickering Birds , by reason of their untimely flight , have been ever held incapable of publick imployments : Persons of prudent and composed tempers are the properest Engines for such Affairs , and the discreetest Moderators betwixt Prince and Subject ; by rendring to the One what he by his Prerogative may justly demand ; and informing the other what he ought duely to perform . In your Personal Execution of which Office , you are to imitate the course of an expert and experient'st Pilot , by avoiding such perilous Shelves as may probably indanger your Commissionary Passage . These are briefly toucht in the Act it self , by which you are to be directed ; and expresly taught , to do nought either for Fear , Favour , or Hatred . Being the very same which our best Ethnicks exactly observed in their Course of Justice ; commanding , that nothing should be acted to the dishonour of their Proceedings , either for Amity , Enmity , or Commodity : Such an even and equal Scale poized the Conduct of their Actions . And this they did , without any future hope of a fruition of further glory , than their Poetical fancy of those Elysian Fields , and their imaginary Fame to Posterity ; the sole aims of their Eternity . That small glimpse , or beamling , which they had received from the Light of Nature , without any farther influence , produc'd these rare effects ; which might justly beget a shame in those , who more divinely illumined , though they believe an Eternity , and the End of their Creation , Supreme Felicity ; fall incomparably short of those Naturalists in the Course of Judicature , nay , even of Civil Morality . Store of Instances might be return'd you in this , deserving no less your admiration than imitation . Rake up the Records of former times , wherein true Native Honesty flourished , and Political Designs ( of the Teeming Birth whereof every Nation sadly laboureth ) appeared Strangers ; and you shall find sundry imitable Mirrors of this kind ; whose uprightness in the management of State-Affairs needed no other Annal , nor Monument to Memorize them , than the continued Fame of their unquestion'd deportment ; which begot to them a reverence , and an unsought for advancement in the Common-Weal where they were seated . As in the first place , to insist upon every particular that may obstruct your Course in the Execution of your Office , whereto you are designed ; you shall find one of those Ethnicks , though a firm Professor , and Preserver of Amity , neglect the sollicitancy of his Friend in an action of Favour , saying , Dear is my Friend , but dearer is my Reputation : I may have many Friends , though I lose thee ; but in losing God , I can have no more : there is but one God. He is a treacherous Friend , who makes his Friend a Foe to himself . Neither were these less armed against the fury of Revenge . Enmity , though never so mortal , could not decline them , no more than Amity could over-byas them in the direct line and path of their proceedings . One of them could say , like a brave Commander of his own Affections , I shall accompt it the lowest of my Scene , to take Revenge of mine Enemy to my own disadvantage . Neither do I intend to play so much the Fools part , to ingage a Publick reproach for a Private revenge . He does himself the greatest wrong , who labours to right himself , by doing his Enemy wrong . In Publick Places , where Offices of Justice are to be Administred , and what is due to every one justly distributed , not so much as the least thought of a bosom-injury is to be fomented , much less discovered . He deserves not the Place where he sits , who sits only to take revenge of him whom he hates . That discreet * Sage well deserved to be called to the Dignity of one of the Ephori , who knew ( by the attest of the whole Senat ) how to bear and digest injuries : and in what manner to demean himself on the Seat of Iustice ; neither by eying his Friend with a countenance of Favour , nor his Foe with an intentional displeasure . Whence it was , that in Athens were set up in their High Court of Judicature , Astraeas Scale , and Tidaeus Shield : the one to ballance the justness of the Cause ; the other to support it . For Experience , our best Mistriss , in the process of Humane Affairs , may sufficiently inform us ; that though Justice bestow her strength and utmost endeavour , the best Cause may suffer , wanting a powerful Fortress to support her . There is another Shelf too , no less dangerous than either of the former ; and this is Commodity ; being such an universal Leprosie , as we may worthily accompt him a rare Man , that is advanc'd to a Place of Profit , or Receipt of Custom , and has got the faculty of holding his mercenary hand from taking . This self-interest is a perillous Copes-mate ; apt to infect where it consorts . Nay , such an absolute Commandress over this Little World , Man , as it is held the Wheel ; that with its career turns the course of all his actions . O how many have inconsiderately perished by the poysonous Pills of this familiar and bosom-nurs'd Impostor ! We shall little need to travel far for Instances of this kind : our own Coast can furnish us with plentious store , and in high Place , and of eminent quality : Persons excellently gifted , who , miserably depraved by that infectious malady of corrupt Gehezi , suffer'd themselves to ingage their honour for shameful lucre : nay , to aggravate their folly , how many have we known , who , continent enough in their own desires , through an ambitious humour of maintaining their riotous followers in a deportment above their rank or quality , have patiently endur'd to see themselves with open eyes palpably cousen'd , and abused , by those Officious Lerchers , and Licentious Lechers , to their irreparable dishonour , without gain to themselves ! Now for this Office whereto you are deputed , much cannot be expected , because little will be offered ; yet as Petilarceny by our Law is punishable , as well as Higher Felony , though in a lower quality : so there be sundry petty abuses which may usually occurr , in the Execution of these Offices , which by a superiour Power , deserve due Censure . And , from what source may these Obliquities arise , but from your easie connivence towards those Puny Clarks imployed under you ? These , though they know little , they can find out the way of exacting Fees , where none are due . No Discharge nor Acquittance must pass upon Receipt without advantage : wherein , though it redound to the Clarks Gain , it may be properly call'd the Masters Crime . Neither can I be less than jealous of the Officers themselves , but that some of them , through their indigence of spirit , will not stick to become Master-Sharers in these imposed Exactions . But , this is contriv'd so covertly , that they know how to wipe their Mouths when they have eaten the sacrifice : resting secure from the confidence they have , that none sees them . Thus the Subject not onely prayes , but pays for the tender of his own ; returning dis-satisfied in all , in that he cannot receive from the penurious Clark an Acquittance for what he has pay'd , unless he inlarge the Accompt above what the Act injoyns the Subject to pay , or the Officer to receive . Such as these deserve well to have that punishment inflicted on them , which that Sicilian Rogue had pronounced on him for abusing the State with his Forgeries , and counterfeat Declarations : being Sentenc'd to have his skin flaid ▪ and made Parchment on ; whereon was to be writ in fair Capitals all such abusive Cheats as he had used : and to have it hung up in the Publick Court for an Annual Record , or Caveat to Posterity ▪ to deterr others from practising the like . Neither is it to be doubted , but if due Examination were taken at this time of the mis-carriage of our Officials , there might be found more than a good number guilty in this kind . Nor is there any thing more seriously considerable in these Publick Accompts , than an exact inquisition after these self-interested men ; whose corrupt demeanure too usually foments a disgust betwixt Prince and Subject . This the Historian well observed , saying , That Vespatians Collectors of his Vrine Money discontented the Romans more , than the Imposition . Wherein one no less smartly than wittily reply'd to a Tax-Master , upon his exaction of Fees : It seems , Friend , by your high demands , that we must pay more than our Water comes to : We are well contented with paying Caesar for distilling our Water , but not with you for casting it . These Casters are such Castawayes , as they oft-times cast down the Governor under whom they live , and by whose Command they are deputed to such tempting Offices . Tempting I may justly term them ; for , methinks , I hear them ingenuously confess with that corrupt Factor , They could be as honest as any Mortals breathing , if profit did not tempt them . Which aery excuse the notorioust Way-man may make , in defence of his taking Trade , as well as these ; for were there no hope of gain , the Thief would take no pleasure in his peremtory Way-dialect of Stand and Deliver . Neither can I see why a severer Sentence should be pronounced on an High-way Taker , than a State-Iugler . Their desires are grounded on equal Principles ; the onely difference in their course of Practice is this : the one playes his tricks more covertly than the other . The one wears his Visard on his Face , the other on his Breast . But much less Art is requir'd in that Work of the Way , than Designs of the Pate . This relyes much on an active spirit ; that on a subtile brain . Now I must tell you , Sir , how I have sometimes in my imployment in these Services , usually observed how the indigence of Agents , bestow'd on these Affairs , works strange effects in the current of all Publick Proceedings . Honesty is dangerously incountred , when accosted by Poverty . Ships Sail safely , and hold their road calmly , when they meet with no surging waves to combat with , nor contrary winds to play , and apply their fury on their Top-sails . In these times , where Corruption has crept so subtilely into every Official Corner , and with a strange kind of confidence rides on its foot-Cloath , as if it had got a privilege to abuse Iustice with impunity ; it were a rare sight to see a Person of that even temper , whom Fortune cannot conquer , nor hope of preferment alter . The thoughts of a better World become such strangers to Man , as they un-man him , and make him forgetful of his Primitive honour , or of rising hopes hereafter . It were easie to present to your view , with out any artificial Scean at all , to display them , sundry Persons desertlesly made great , how they have laid a rust on their gilded Honour ; as if they intended by a just fate , through their abusive Cheats , and dangerous Designs , to throw themselves down to the dust from whence they were raised . These might be compared to that unadvis'd Numidian , who being advanc'd from a Flax-man to a Place of Quality ; but resting dis-satisfi'd with that Preferment , by playing the cunning Jugler , he was adjudged to have his new-purchas'd Honour twich't up in a Flaxen Halter , from whence he had his first Rise and Vocation . That wise Politician gave us a singular Caution in the Election of Persons fit to bear Offices . Never to make choice of such as are found either weak in Estate , Judgment , or suspected Fidelity . And he confirms his Assertion with impregnable Reasons . Cursorily and methodically then to dilate on all these , with the inconveniences that usually befall in the Election of such as are lyable to any of those foresaid prejudices : In the first place , I cannot chuse but call to mind the ingenuous confession of that faulty Pretorian , who being not onely accused , but impeached of sundry corrupt proceedings in the Execution of his Office , appear'd so unwilling to clear himself of those Crimes , whereof he was accused , as he freely acknowleged ; That the Corruption , for which he became censur'd , sprung not from any depraved affection , but from the weakness of his condition , concluding ; That he would have been honest enough , if his want had given him leave . Those times , no doubt , resembled these we live in : Poverty was too low a step to raise any one to Preferment . The Court-gate was shut to them who knock'd with an empty hand : which our * Modern Poet wittily shadowed at , saying : Curia Pauperibus clausa est : Hic solus honores Aulicus emeruit qui Satur aere fuit . He that is poor Must stand at Door Though loyal to the King ; While One more base , Swoln great by 's Place , May boldly enter in . It is the property of these to make use of those old English Proverbs , By making Hay while the Sun shines : and Striking while the Iron is hot . Now , would you know from whence this intentiveness usually proceeds ? This ariseth from a jealousie they apprehend from their own Carriage : They fear the discovery of their actions : and consequently deprival of their Places ; for depravation can expect no less than deprivation . This quickneth their endeavours in hope to be rich : and store their ravenous Nests with others Feathers . These be those Kings-fishers who prey both by Land and Water . They take all for Fish that comes to Net : without sticking at small game before they stand out . And , whereas they are advertis'd by some of their Confidents ( for these must have their Coys , or they shall play Bankrupts in their Office ) that their reign is not likely to be long , in regard , the Eyes of those Counties , where they officiate , have taken Notice of their Shuffling : their onely way then to thrive , is , to play at Catch-doult , and to gather up his Crums before the Table be drawn : and so be call'd to Accompt , before he has had sufficient time , either to receive his full share , or discharge the Audit. But in these , as in Places of higher Command , and richer Imployment , Those , who cordially wish their Security , apply this seasonable counsel to their distemper'd brains and occasional fears : presently after the full Receipts of their rackt Fees , or Commissionary Bribes , to make recourse to their Countrey House , and play least in sight ; till the Storm be past , and the State-Inquisition run out of breath . But if they be found egregiously Criminal , they have Presidents in their Pockets , instrumental enough for rebating the edge of Justice . It is not so long since but they can well remember ( and may those Sanguinary times be ever ached in Rubrick Letters ) how those plump Assassinats , who had inlarged their Babel Buildings many Stories high upon our ruines , had mounted their Banks in forein Nations ; hoping by that means , if it should chance that times should change , and Rebellion fall from it self , to support their decays by those transported , but extorted treasures , which they had there imbursed : So wise was Treason in providing for its own supportance and security against a time of Extremity . But their Crocodile Eggs prov'd adle ; and their Hatchers miserable : may the like Issue befall these indigent Corrupt Commissioners , who officiate onely for Self-interest , to the dishonour of their Soveraign , and prejudice of his People . Neither can we less than doubt but that these close Pioneres of our State , by Plowing deep with our own Heyfers , have been the occasion of sowing the Seed of Sedition in our late-imbroiled Nation . So dangerous it is to exasperate a Multitude in raising and levying Assesses ( be they never so legal ; ) by prolling avaricious Officers , who make it their Vocation to abuse the Subject , to inrich themselves : and lay a Ground-work , by their seldom-thriving providence , for their succeeding , but successless Posterity . So quickly was the flame of their rising fortunes quenched , and to ashes pittilesly reduced . What fearful Consequences these Needful Agents have produc'd , Records in all times will manifest . High Taxes are sufficient foments to Division , without such offensive Instruments , who too often estrange stirring spirits from their Allegeance . Neither be those to be made choice on for Commissioners , in raising , ordering , and collecting of these Subsidies , or any dispensatory Act , who are of a weak or shallow Iudgment . These may be Men of a good meaning , but wanting discretion to manage their meaning , they suffer themselves to be involved in many inextricable Windings , and gross Errors ; which their easie apprehensions and indulgent humours expose them to : being so unable to proportion a Charge , as they usually lay the heaviest load on the weakest back : all which they doe without the least intention of injury , but meerly forth of ignorance , or simplicity : which might have been covertly , and without discovery shrouded , if their ambitious weakness could have been contented with privacy , and wisely retired from the pursuance of Publick imployment . * For , as Preferment is the best Herald in displaying the temper of the enjoyer ; so Publick Ingagements discover best the abilities of the Undertaker . Galba was held worthy of an Empire , till he became an Emperour : and Caelius to be Consul , till he was made a Consul . We know not what men be , nor how they may prove , untill the Places , or Offices , whereto they are deputed , take off their Visards , and present them naked . That Divine Cynick , one no less wise than surly , being one day at a Feast ( un-invited , I suppose , for his inbred incivility rendred him unsuitable for such Meetings ) observing a Guest amongst the rest to sit silent , whil'st others appear'd more free in their discourse ; with a rough brow addressed his speech unto him in this manner : If Wise , thou art a Fool in holding thy peace ; If a Fool , thou art wise in holding it . Such Weaklings as these , who are of a Pen-feather'd Iudgment , might make good use of this Observation : ever looking on Harpocrates Signe , with his finger on his mouth : For more Wisdom is shown in not speaking at all , than in speaking to no purpose . Of which impertinency we shall hear many of our Commissionary Rank highly conscious . This might be instanc'd in that ignorant Want-brain ; who , assuming to himself the Authority of Examining a Clark of the Market ( an Office , doubtlessly , more abused than any other throughout the Kingdom ) made this simple demand in a Publick Assembly , Whether by the vertue of his Office he was to weigh the Bakers bread by Troys Weight , or Haver de Poy ? Whereto the Clark no less ingeniously answered : Your Worship might as well ask me , why Broad Cloath should not be measur'd as well by the Bushel , as by the Yard . The Chusing of such Empty Casks , which sound lowdest when emptiest , redounds ever to the dishonour of the Undertaker , the Scandal of the Preferrer , and Prejudice of all such as stand lyable to the ignorance of their Censure . But to insist no longer on these , I am briefly to give a touch of a more dangerous and untunable Instrument , for the managery of State-Affairs , than either of the other . For , neither he whose Estate is indigent : Nor he who is of a weak and defective Iudgment , can possibly appear so fatally noxious in the blameless discharge of their Duties , as he who retains such a Coar in his heart , as it can afford no room to lodge Fidelity in to his Prince . For the other two , as the one had more Policy than Honesty ; the other more simple Honesty than prudent Policy : So he , whom we are now to speak of , and whom we are , like an impartial Herald , to deblazon in his own native colours , is an Engine of Treachery . Under a fair and loyal Habit , he ever lodgeth a Seianus spirit . He is never found fishing in calm Waters : being the onely Incendiary to blow the Coals of Division in every peaceable State. Neither is he onely treacherously Ambitious , but malitiously Envious . As one of these Seditious innovating spirits lately used one of his Fellow-Commissioners , far honester than himself , accusing him to be a Red-Letter'd Man , ( meaning a Roman Catholick ) and consequently incapable of any such Commission . But being brought to their Book by One discreeter than them both , they were so equally learn'd , as neither of them could distinguish a Red Letter from a Black. Howsoever , though some of these be no Book-men , they have designing Pates , apt to Mint and Mould Mischief to their future advantage , be the Ground-work never so Sandy whereon they build . I shall not need to strengthen your opinion in this point with variety of Instances ; we have had sufficient store hovering at our own Gates ; the sad shares whereof , even to this day , appear in the ruines of many loyal Subjects . If we should sound these State-Whiflers to the bottom , ( and no Inquisition more necessary ) we might find them under the counterfeit pretence of loyal Service , from which their disjoynted affections have been long estranged , seemingly to bemoan the heavy condition of a Subject , and how compassionately They suffer'd in that behalf , seeing him crusht with the insupportable burden of his Pressures . And whereto tends all this , but to exasperate the Subject against his Soveraign : and under the colour of a gracious Commissioner , act the part of a graceless Traitor ? All which , to trace the Observation of a judicious and well-studied States-Man , occasionally ariseth from the security of a remiss , or libertine Prince , who indulgeth his affections so much , as they beget in him a Lethargy to the Affairs of State : which might be instanc'd in Domitian , Vitellius , and Decian . Whereas Divine Providence has return'd us such a Prince , who by his vigilant inspection over his Military and Civil concerns , and timely remove of all such pernicious Instruments , as never ingaged for their Soveraign , yet had so much impudence , as to expect Honours , with other advantagious helps , the least whereof they neither merited , nor by derserving Favourites pursued : Has hereby revived our late depressed Spirits , by shutting his Royal Gates of these abusive Court-ingles : and by consequence , his Highness , I say , has his loyal Subjects in their Primitive security , and his Sacred Person in a calm and peaceful safety . Such is the assured confidence of all loyal Spirits , whose known fidelity can abide the touch , and whose integrity never incurred taint . Nor can it be imagined , much less feared , but that the royal gratitude of so gracious a Master will amply gratifie their gallant Service , who have ingaged their Lifes , Freedoms , and Fortunes in defence of his Cause , and Preservation of his Person . So as those treacherous Assassins could not be more mischievous in plotting his ruine , than Sacred Providence appear'd each where propitious , in preparing an Hollow Oak for his Shelter , in a time of necessity : but loyal Hearts to succour in his height of extremity . Which gracious and unexemplary Deliverance , may it be writ with the Point of a Diamond in the Memories both of Prince and People ; that our Thankfullness may never incurr an Act of Oblivion to Posterity , for such a signal Evidence of Mercy . But leaving these dangerous Tetters which we formerly touched , and wherewith Publick Commissions have been usually tainted ; holding them the refuse of a corrupt State , and as we ought , in an incapacity to any Magisterial Service ; my conclusive Cloze shall be an Address to Your self , for whose use , in this Your Commissionary Charge , I prepared these Advertisements . Sir , It is well known to your Countrey , wherein you have shown your self an eminent and faithful Member , that you are liable to none of those Exceptions above-mention'd . For , in the First Place , your fulness of Estate has free'd you from being indigent ; and consequently no way necessitated to take rewards . Nor by those excellent helps of your Education and Natural Parts , so weak in Iudgment , as to appear ignorant of what you ought to do . Nor in the Principles of Loyalty so deficient , as to swerve the least Iota from your Allegiance . Being thus furnish'd , what less can be expected , but that you will go on with honour : and to your Reputation hold that Dimension , as may suit with a Person of your Quality , a deserving Branch of your Family , by clearing your self from jealousie , and rendring content with all indearment to your Countrey ? Neither is it sufficient to approve your self onely blameless in your own deportment , which ought to be Exemplary : but to rectifie others of your Society , if in any point blame-worthy . For that Position will ever hold water : He , who holds in Competition , or stands joyntly impowr'd by Commission ; and in that parity , or equality of Command , understands his Fellow to be in the irregular course of his Proceedings an Offender ; makes himself guilty of the Offence , if he act not by his best Endevour to reform that Error . In a word , look on your Subsidy Men with an equal eye ; the serious survey whereof will present an Act of Justice and Piety . Post-script . WE heard of late that you were grown eminent in the Eye of the Court. Play the rare Phoenix , an Honest Man. Abuse not the Princes Favour , to inhance your own honour . The Court is no place of permanence . This day one story higher ; next day so low , as none can fall lower . The onely way to remain long Great , is by a deserving Mean to attain and retein Grace . To beg a Pardon from Heaven , for preferring , or begging any unjust Sute in the Court of Earth . Neither can any Clawing Courtier gain so much by his Compliance on Earth , as he loseth by his thoughts Non-residence in Heaven . Remember this , and you shall thrive as well , though you Clime not so high , as the best . Your Constant PHILOCLES . A DEFENSIVE LETTER , IN VINDICATION OF HIS FRIENDS HONOVR : Occasioned upon our late ASSESSES . FAme has been ever held of a more lavish tongue and swift wing , than just in her Relations : This I hope the World will find verified in you . Your Countrey has made choice of you for her Patriot ; do not betray her trust . Accompt it your highest Preferment , and without boasting , your prime glory , to advance the Conveniencies of your Countrey . And , to the end your knowing endeavours may appear more instrumental herein , take an exact survey of the accomodations and advantages properly conducing to that County , Burrough , or Mannor , whereof you stand elected , and deputed an assistant Member . Neither is it onely to fall into your consideration , how , by your discreet addresses , you may advance the interests of that Place for which you stand ingaged , nay Conscientiously obliged ; but , how you may by a prudent and provident inspection avoid all obstructive wayes that shall occasion any dis-advantage in the improvement of it . This should be the constant Task of all your fellow Consuls , whose study ought not to be imployed about fishing in troubled waters , as our Factious-fiery Spirits are usully affected : whose frisking humours hunt onely after a Change : making it the least of their care , or fear , if the State became a Bedlam , so it were an House of their Foundation ; or a Political dis-joynted Body of their own Constitution . Nor like Court-Fauns , complying with the Current of the time : and making Self-ends their primary designs . These have their Hooks trimm'd with the pleasantest , but the perilousest Baits . Honours and Places be the attractive Adamants of these Eminent Favourites . Countrey relations , with whatsoever is held most dear to conscientious Men , must fall under the Grand Inquisition ; or what is worse , incurr that Epidemical prejudice to all Royalists , a perpetual Act of Oblivion . Preferments are personal concerns , and must take place before Countrey Debates , or Publick Interests , else must these Cabinet Agents , who officiate for themselves , lose by the bargain . Dear Friend , our long acquaintance , seconded with such mutual regreets , have deeply ingag'd me to the precious tender of your repute . Some will not stick to say , that your Name is in the Class of those Court-shadows : and the pursute after Honour has made you forget the Place from whence you came , or the Errand for which you were sent . Trust me , I should rather wish you dead to Earth , than live to such Fame . But , I hope , the World does bely you , otherwise shall the world make me a stranger to you . Dead Flyes corrupt the precioust Ointments : and vicious Agents are fatally noxious to the best imployments . Therefore was it antiently observed in the Athenian State , that none were to be Elected one of the Ephori , a Place of Consular Dignity , unless he were a Person of unquestion'd fame , and whose eyes were shut from rewards , or admiring Greatness . It is not long since ( for we retein yet the scarrs of those Civil wounds and Warrs amongst us ) your self was inrowled a Martial Commander in His defence , to whom we owe our Allegeance . In which service , what clear evidences of your prowess and valour were manifested to the World , I shall , as one known to your native Modesty , be sparing to relate ; leaving it to the attest of your Countrey , where your actions purchas'd that surviving glory . Onely let me put you in mind of that Morning Canto , which , amidst all your dangers and disasters , you so cheerfully breathed . The rising Sun shines gracefully on me , Because a Subject sworn to Loyalty . Now , upon what grounds could it be imagined , how the gallantry of such an active spirit should so eagerly nibble at the light bait of fading honour , or the deceiving hope of Preferment ; which generally begets more Foes than Friends , and in the end leaving the Projector weary of his purchase , renders him a spectacle of scorn to his sleighted Family ? Let us search the Records of all such Men as have taken their rise by indirect wayes in these State-Assemblies ! we may , perchance , find them , like Isis Ass , loaden with Honour ; so richly has their Complyance with Persons of Place gilded their New foundations , for moulding , or advancing pernicious Designs . But mark the issue of these timing Wits , with the usual Catastrophe that attends them ! They fall into such contempt by the purchase of their Mercenary and Immerited Honour , as they are usually entertained by their abused Countrey , in stead of applause and approbation , with scorn and derision . Hence it was , that the Stoick accompted the Lackquey more happy than his Master that road on his foot-Cloath . Though the one be fuller of State , the other rests more secure . For the higher stands ever most exposed to danger . In publick imployments ( if his abilities ingage his attendance in them ) his actions become liable to censure : wherein , if any Proposal , or definite conclusion appear out of square , the Instrument must be question'd . Admit it be never so lightly devious , it must undergo the test . And though formal in most , if defective in one , a severe interpretation will accompany it . One drop of Coloquintida will spoil a whole Pot of Pottage . Especially in Publick Concerns ; where the voice of the People sounds loud . Every Tax , or Assess , becomes their Phlebotomist ; extracting blood from their veins : and native heat from the vital parts . One small Chick snatcht by the Kite , begets more passion in a Pesant , than the loss of an herd of Cattel suffer'd by a Community . This Individual Man , as he is his own Sharer , so in his suffrings he finds no equal Partner . Of others wounds nor wrongs he has no resentment , so he injoy his own welfare and freedom . But when not onely one limb , but the whole Body Politick groans under a burden of suitable nature , it acts in the sufferers a communicable distemper . Then , like our quaking Separatists ▪ they find out retiring Places to vent their discontents in . Then they discover their Conditions , ballanc'd with their insupportable pressures : but principally their joynt practises , how they might inflict due revenge ( so implacable is popular fury ) upon the Designers of their sufferings : who , no doubt , if they should fall into their clutches , would expect no better usage than Absyrtus receiv'd from the remorceless hands of Medea , to be rent piece-meal . Nor than , that cunning , but cruel Artist , in that Tyrannick reign of Phalaris , who commanded , that the Inventor should be first tortur'd in his own Engine . Just it is , that those whose onely study is Complacency : and whose supreme ends are self-ends , should close their dayes in misery , weaving up their Comical Court-Jubile in an Epilogue ; breathing nothing but disconsolate ayrs of an ensuing Tragedy . Such was the fate of Philotas : and may the like Issue personat the constant office of an Vsher to every Court-Sycophant : who , under a seeming pretence of feeding the Exchequer , starves the State. It is observ'd how that insinuating Favourite of Vespasian , having closely whisper'd into the Emperours eares , what vast advantage that unbecoming Tax of Vrin-Money would bring into his Coffers ; as one whose minde was naturally addicted to a pursute of profit : He hugged his design , promising him an ample Reward for his ingenious contrivance of so useful a way ( atrack never trod before ) for inhancing the Revenues of his Treasury . But , afterwards advertis'd , how this Claw-Back pursu'd his own Interest , making it his endeavour to become Contractor for that Grand Imposition , and consequently not onely abuse the Subject , but cheat the Emperour ; his hateful Projections brought him into such general contempt , as he was not onely discarded the Court , where he had such eminent reception : but in his Countrey too , where he had forfeited his Reputation : being not onely scorn'd , but houted at , and Stigmatiz'd with this Mark of distinction : * Behold how proudly and hatefully that Piss-pot of Vespasian struts along ! Sundry instances of this ungracious kind might be found , both in our own time , and Climes , who appear'd eminent Ornaments in the Seats of Justice , in their Countrey ; but , no sooner call'd up by Publick Votes , to do their Prince and Countrey Service , than a Surreptitious hope of Preferment made them forgetful of their just imployment ; by playing the Crickets , and hatching their Crocodile Eggs in Chimney Corners ; and Moulding Strange Assesses to dis-gust the People , for their own interest . But , a general contempt abridg'd most of these Mens days with a languishing discontent . Where I leave them . Be it your care , as I have justifi'd your carriage in Publick Places , to come off fair in your Deportment and Demeanure , that in this Recourse , you may return into your Countrey with Honour . TO A MALIGNANT , Disswading HIM from HIS RESOLUTION . DEar Sir ; If any considerate reflection upon your Estate , Repute , the Affectionatest Wishes of your Intimatest Friends , or a fair compliance with those , who are nearest to you in blood , or dearest in your esteem , may prevail with you : timely consider your own hazardous condition . In your Ahderence and Loyalty to your Prince , it can never repent you : you Walk in a smooth Conscientious Path : wherein , howsoever some Occurrents may , through a distemper'd Surfet of Peace , interpose themselves ; they cannot perplex a Spirit Loyally affected . Pure and Integrious Minds are compared to sweet Odours : the more pounded , the more redolent . Now , if this pretended Cause of Publick safety , or State-security , counterpoize your Friends perswasions : Discuss every Motive , and your discreeter judgment shall find every Argument that may be Objected by the Malignant Party , infinitly defective . Their Propositions , like Draco's Maxims , writ all in blood . Aspersions thrown upon our Politick and Ecclesiastick Government , without ground : Nothing desired by them , that may conduce to the Publick good ; but by his Majesty with much alacrity seconded . So as , unless a Well-Planted , and long-flourishing Monarchy should be reduc'd to an Aristocracy , or which is more to be fear'd , an absolute Anarchy ; What could be with more facility inclin'd to , to satisfie the Votes and Voices of a small remainder : who seem rather to stand upon singularity of Opinion , than advancement of their Countreys honour ? What Miserie 's these wofull Distractions have brought to our State , there is no eye , unless prejudicate , but apparently sees , and seeing suffers . This , even many of those who nearliest sided with them , have lately observed , and so sensibly apprehended ; as they have interceded an Accommodation : wherein , perceiving an averseness in some few Parliamentaries , ( and those who have run so deep an hazard upon his Majesties Displeasure , as they find themselves hopeless , by their Disloyal and Malapert passages , to recover their impeach'd honour ) They have since wholly declin'd from adhering to them : and , with a Zealous Loyalty , applyed themselves to his Majesties Commands : with a resolute desertion of all such , whose Propositions trenched upon such desperate ends . Besides , the very City , which has been the Parliaments Exchequer , has of late , upon Maturer Consideration , withdrawn their Contribution ; perceiving clearly , how it neither suited with their Profit nor Honour ; but the utter ruine and extinction of both together . Now , if you reserve your Eye for Events ; excepting these late * Lancashire Defeats , you shall see their York-shire Forces defeated and dispersed ; Or , if you will look nearer the Sun , you shall collect , by a more just and credible discovery , than any Diurnal Relation , ( which , for the Stationers Profit , and Parliamentaries Credit , becomes generally a Mint of untruths , and unjustificable fictions ) how his Majesties Forces daily increase , and the Parliaments decrease : So , as now , success begins to smile upon the Justness of his Cause . Dear Sir , with an unequal and uninteressed eye fix upon these : suffer your self to be undeceived ; and compose the residue of your Resolves to such fair and noble Presidents , whose timely aversion from pertinacy , and conversion to Loyalty , have begot them esteem ; to their States and Persons safety : those individual fruits of Allegiance and Fidelity . The least acquiescence whereto , seconded by your own Pen , shall incomparably cloze with the desires of Your most Affectionate well-wisher , Vpon Retractation of your convinc'd error , And Reliction of your Phanatick Humour . Upon the LATE PLOT . HOw is it Zimries , that you thus do Plot ; And ne're content you with the Preys you 've got ? Look to your Ravenous Claws expos'd to pillage , On every Loyal State , Grange , Mansion , Village ! Could not your Harpyes-fury be content With good Mens rapine , ruine , banishment , Nor all the Miseries that Sea or Land By th' Tyranny of your licentious hand Could lay upon us , satisfie your thirst , Nor move remorse for what you did at first ; But Breath fresh veins , and make the festring wound Larger and deeper than your Agents found In their Persidious Practise ; when no doubt Their aime was to destroy both Branch and Root ? Yet , what was done against you for all this ? A fair Act of Oblivion Signed is For your Indemnity : and by it rest Safe , having richly feather'd your Nest With Spoile of Royallists , who , well-affected ; Came short in Reaping th' Harvest they expected . " Some Honours they might get , but , all the while " Revenues wanted to support their Style : And , as th' Weakest ever goes to th' Wall , These had been fitter for an Hospital ; And there remain Immur'd , secure , at ease , Than receive Honours when they want their Fees Thrice-happy Knights of Windsor who have go Both States and Styles for which you ventur'd not Nor felt hard Duties , such as we have done , Yet most of us blink-ey'd are look upon . Maugre these storms , our thoughts be calm and still As if we were rewarded to our Will. So loyal and so faithfull try'd were we , Wee 'd fight for th' King in spite of poverty . Our Resolution could not be compar'd With theirs , who fought to purchase a reward , And that unjustly gain'd : for your delights Were to make us poor naked Adamites . Prowess and Prudence chalked forth our way , Scorning those Craving Spirits fought for Pay , So long as they 'd Revenues of their own , Or self-supportance to rely upon : They bearded danger , and for honour fought , Accompting Life a Tribute that they ought . This was right Gallantry ; for it did bring , Midst all Extremes , some comfort to our King : For in his service having spent their Store , They spent their blood , what could a Sov'raign more ? How much have you abus'd his Clemency , Who , having granted you Impunity For your mischievous pillage , must be forc't To have your new Conspiracies indor'st In Sanguine Characters , so deep imbru'd As they display your high ingratitude ; And , make you Prodigies in after times , Blushing at you who blush'd not at your Crimes ? How often have I in my Pastures known A Rogue Prance on a Horse that was mine own , And , in a brave insulting frontless sort , Yet , durst I not call him in question for 't ? How often have I seen my Fatlings kill'd ? My Grounds and Medows by your Heifers till'd ? How often have I by mine own Door gone , And seen my Pales and Houses trampled down : The Owner quite estranged from his Nest , As if he had therein no Interest ? Rebells , what would you have ? - I 'd have you teacht , As to us Cavaliers Hugh Peters Preacht . Would you enjoy our Lands , our Stock , our Store , Or what 's most deare to us : what would you more ? Take it ; nay , in your seazure you 'r so speedy , As like Bould Men yee'ave taken it already . Let our Estates your Beggary advance , Onely reserve us our Allegeance Which you ne'r car'd for : our sole task was toyl , Restraint , hard duties , you receiv'd the Spoyl . And , after all this , when we were made bare And lean , as ever Pharaohs Cattel were ; Such large Indulgence your brave Acts receive , You 'r free'd from Stigma's , none dare call you Knave , Roundhead , or Crop-ear , but be entertain'd For Friends , when you have our Possessions gain'd . Yet , while we must not call you this nor that , We needs must hold you th' Assassins o th' State. But , this we utter not , for wee 'r become To speak more with our thoughts than with our tongue . Now , would not such desertless tyes as these , Keep you from acting New Conspiracies ? " By this , you knew to Justice what belong'd , " To leave your States to them whom you had wrong'd . Howsoe're Heav'ns Iudgments shown , your own hand delves , What Grace remitted , ruine to your selves . Those whom Heav'n means to shatter , those it mads , As may appear by these Rebellious Lads . Upon the FACE of REBELLION : By the Hand of a ROYALLIST , ARTFULLY DEBLAZON'D . REbellion headed Faction in this sort , But prais'd be Heav'n , some Heads were set up for 't ; May Treason thrive so . - Seldom seen we have Sedition go gray-headed to the Grave . A Beast of Many Heads ; we well may call That Monsterous , which grows Anarchical : Who kick at Princely Power , & spurn a Crown , Yet could brook wel to wear one of their own . These were those Nimrod-Nemeses of wrath , Who beggar'd their Friends by Publick Faith ; Grinding them to th' Bare Bones ; much time mis-spent , To make their Parliament a Iackalent , Or a Shrove-Cock , a whirle-gig of State , For ev'ry Wag to throw his Cudgel at . These could not chuse , but they might clearly see , No Station manag'd without Soveraignty . Rivers owe their Allegeance to their Spring , And , these , who had their Influence from the King Became his Tyrants . — But , that Scean is done , " May ne're such Acts stain th' face of Albion . " And may our Scutchions still Distinction bear , " Betwixt a Rebell and a Cavaliere . A FAREVVELL - CAROL , To All COMMITTEE CARLES . FArewell Committee Men , if ye be Men , For , I 'd be loath to dedicate my Pen To Savages ; though I must tell you too , Th' uncivil Arabs would forbear to do , As you have done , to any Neighbours State , To pill him , and confine him to a Grate . But , of your goodness , I retein a Sense , By whom I 've purchased such Patience , As I shall wish , that you may have the grace To have the like , when you are in like case : And , in like case you must , or else our State Must grow Anarchial and desperate . But , I must startle you , how e're it please , And cure you of your Lethargies disease . " It spoils the operation of a Pill , " For to apply it to the Patients will. Lend then your Eares , ye zealous Tribe of Gad , Since you have squeaz'd the substance that I had ; I 'm late-resolv'd , by th' benefit of art , To act with Dennis , the School-Masters Part. Of Rod and Custos I've provision made , For fit materials , to set up my Trade . And , with You first I purpose to proceed , For , some of you can neither write nor read ; To ope the door of your intelligence , At least , to teach you how to conster sense . I will not School you in Rules of Division , Christs Cross was late enacted Superstition . My Discipline more novell points affords , As , first , for the due joyning of your words : Wherein , your Censures have so conscious been , As , those who heard you , knew not what they mean : Belching forth words of such stupendious wonder , Who heard you blest them from you , as from thunder . For Numbers too , though they be onely two , Yet , in your Summing , you displace them so ; The Private ne're throve better , Publick worse ; For , th' Publick creeps into the Private purse . For Gerunds , they 'r Diurnals , and pretends All must be Supines that are CHARLES his friends . For Cases , they 'r so strangely ordered here , The Vocative sounds onely Cavaliere . For Articles , their credit 's so decay'd , That they are broke so soon as they are made . For Genders , I must tell you , yee 'r such Men , I 'de have you hold that Rule of Origen ; Your Genitals meer Ablatives , Dear Brother , That none hereafter may beget another . For Pronouns , Nouns , Verbs , Adverbs , Participles , They 'r all become Apocrypha's Disciples ; The Loyal ranked amongst Adjectives , Who stand for Parliament Noun-Substantives . For your Declining , in this madding time , You teach the well-affected to decline ; Other Declensions ye never seek , But hold them in your Conclave Heathen Greek . For Interjections , Blades of pure affections In their advance meet still with Interjections : So , as if two Suns shine within one Sphere , Then in one Realm Round-head and Cavaliere . For Persons , there is no respect , save those Who are the Senats friends , and Scepters foes : And by these you may guess how the World goes , For Scepter Friends are ever out at toes . For Praepositions , those are set before As Lucky Birds , who th' Capitol adore : For weekly Packets these Relations bring , That Prae rides for the State , Post for the King. For Concords , to produce them were a Ridle , The squeaking Bagpipe suits not with the Fidle : Yet there 's some hope this harmony may take , Seeing Divisions our best Musick make . For Conjugations , after times may sing , " The Conjugal Estate has lost her Ring : With our late Presbyterian Translation , Changing our Font into a Peuter Bason . For your Conjunctions , never hope to see Any use of them while these Factions be : But , for Disjunctions , they are freely sown 'Twixt Sire and Son in every Countrey Town . I shall not trouble you with Moods and Tences , England has banish'd them with her five Sences . Time was , Time is ; but so it comes to pass , The present Tence is not the same it was . These Principles , and Elements of art I shall inform you in with all my heart ; But , being Scholars , you must be corrected , Which you would hardly brook o th' well-affected . For , it will scarcely be believ'd of any , You should be whipt , when you have lasht so many . But , if to learn , your Roundheads have no will , In Gods name be meer Ignoramus still . But , if these Rudiments to you seem dimmer , Let th' Parliament inform you by their Primer . From my Private School near New - Bridewell . THE SEQUESTERES SONNET . COme , come and tell me thou quaint thing , Late sequestred for the King , What needst thou care , since thou mayest share In freedom of the cheerfull'st ayr ? Such liberty may give content to Subjects , When their Princes are injoyned to restraint . Thou hast a Cell , an impal'd Croft , Shady Arbour , downy toft , And , where is he , Sequesters thee , Or dare tax thy libertie ? Loves liberty , which gives content to Subjects , While Princes stand debarr'd from fancy by restraint . Can I be poor , or feel annoy , When I am rich in earthly joy ? Shall I pule , cry , moan , pine or dye , Or put finger in mine eye , Because State-sharks collect the rent of Subjects , Vnto their loss , and Soveraigns discontent ? Shall I , fond I , throb Lachrymae , Or act part of Malevole With folded armes , surpriz'd with charms , Or bemoan my forfet Farms ? An estrang'd Alien to content of Subjects , Who suffer in their Soveraigns late restraint ? Yes , that I swear may drain a tear , Else all the World should not hear Me moan my self , though run on shelf , For a patch of worldly pelf : A little portion gives content to Subjects , Who wish no more of all their store , Than KINGS Infranchisement . No Mean , No Man. WHat is this Pomp , this Port , this flowr of glory , But a meer pageant , or a naked story , Presenting Man what his extraction is , And , what an unblest State is humane bliss ? If rich , hee 's proud ; if poor , he envies them Who swell with more estate , or more esteem . If Fool , should he all Ophirs oar possess , The more he has , he does injoy the less . If wise , his own house cannot him contain , Some forein projects must surprize his brain ; Where , while he feeds on hopes , and seekes to prey On others fall , his own falls to decay : For , how should he retein least hope , to come To wealth abroad , that cannot thrive at home ? But , if Ambition wing our ayry flight , Look not how high we fly , but where we light . Who to his own State can his thoughts confine , He in his Croft enjoyes an Indian Mine . TO THE HIGHLY HONOURED AND GENEROUSLY ACCOMPLISH'D , Sr PHILIP MVSGRAVE ; GOVERNOUR OF CARLISLE : A PERSON , Whose LOYALTY to his SOVERAIGN ; CONSTANCY to his COVNTREY ; INTIMACY to his OWN ; INTEGRITY to ALL ; Have Rendered Him EMINENT in the Acception of his PRINCE ; DEAR in the Estimate of the STATE ; R. B. HIS most AFFECTIONATE KINSMAN , and SERVANT , PRESENTS the ADDRESS of these TWO COVNTREY-INTERESTS . THE INTEREST OF WEST MERLAND . THis County stands highly ingaged to her own Interest : a People frugal and tenacious : naturally inclined to Industry ; which may be an Argument of Her Frugality ; made good by that Italian Maxim , That which we get with our own hands , we ever forego with heavy hearts . Hence it is , that there is no way readier to ingratiate their Commonty , than to claw them with an opinion of moderating their Charge : or declining the face of hostility without cost . They are infinitely sensible of the emptying of their own pail , be they never so lightly milkt . For the Publick , it is a Star of such a Magnitude above them , or distance from them , that albeit they derive all their light from that Orbe ; yet so individually cemented are these to their own , as they hold the Publick proficience , or deficience , smally concerns them . A little Tax foments such distaste , as it operates more violently upon the pulse of their spirit , than a precipice of the whole State. ( The Pesants and Plebeians we onely hint at ) for the Gentry are generally of that clear and candid nature , and grounded on such loyal Principles , as might be instanced in those sad-wasting times of our late distractions , where it was observed , that never any of Quality , within the whole Barony , was ever known to take up Arms against his Sacred Majesty ; or , for their own security , contract with an Associate County . This County consists of two sorts ; and in these two , dissorted into different opinions . The Gentry and Commonty . For Nobility , some antient Structures she reteins , as Monuments , or Trophies of their owners quality ; but either by the irrevocable decree of fate , or deplorable violation of their faith , they are divided from their Countrey ; leaving onely those main and massy piles for Land-marks , or aged reliques of their pristine Magnificence and Glory . The Gent. here , are generally well-bred ; though in times of distraction , more apt to Command than to be obey'd . There is nothing that begets more breaches in their Society , nor discords in their harmony , than that deluding bait of popularity : Which puts me in mind of that State-axiom , He cannot be justly regular , that desires to be popular . Self-opinion , drawn from the propriety of their own worth , or a reflexion to their Family or Birth , become inducements many times to ambitious and elated spirits , to quarrel with Authority : For a supposed parity , cannot brook priority . This makes Propositions concluded in the Evening , to lose their vigour and validity in the Morning . While the distasted precedency of the person , not the inequality of the proposition , occasions this opposition . This County holding such gradual distance from the Sun ; I mean , the face of the Court ; has been in publick Assemblies , where the protection of Counties was debated , and with great deliberation carefully secured ; as an inconsiderable place , dis-regardfully sleighted ; nothing in it worthy to be valued : it was left to support it self , or suffer : The Sun shining then in a clear Zodiack , would not dart one small beamling on her . Yet , it is admirable to observe , how this obscure and deserted Angle , in times of greatest distemper ; even then , when men , and all things so miserably jarring , had seem'd to change their nature ; stood ever firm , and immutable in her fidelity ; and resolute in contemning those assassinate braves and threats of a confining Enemy . Besides , never did County , to her succeeding glory , in testimony of her Piety , open her bosom more freely to return hospitality to such , as were pursued by the Enemy . Being a Nook , in comparison of other Shires ; yet One of the very last Counties that veil'd to their over-powerful Enemy : and upon such Signal Conditions , as , that Foe to Fidelity could not glory much in the purchase of his Mercenary and ignominious victory . And , to give a further addition to their unquestion'd valour and renown , it has been reported , how at that time , when that Handfull of Men ( being held a narrow and inconsiderate County ) spit defiance in the face of their Enemy ; making this their constant Impreze : INTACTA EST WESTRIA VIRGO ; Which , ( being without derogation to their Honour afterwards subdu'd , or rather compounded with to lay down their Arms ) They changed into this : VITIATA EST WESTRIA VIRGO . Which unexpected , but necessitated Overture , wrought such distempers upon some of their Commanders ; as they could not endure to remain any longer in those polluted Nests , wherein such Ravenous Fowls pretended an Interest . Mean time , those loyal-hearted Souldiers left behind , though discomfited , they were not discouraged ; for , though the insulting Enemy was more in number , They never durst incounter them without great advantage , such was their valour . It has been reported , that even at such time as those late Malignants , who bounded near her , and by a daily recruit of their numerous Forces , might probably perplex her ; when their powers increased , and their Victories vain-gloriously dispersed ; yet , the very Colonels , and chief Commanders of their Enemies Faction seriously interceded their Association ; so formidable was the prowess of this small County to a populous Army , a victorious Enemy . Yet could neither Promises nor Menaces make a breach upon that impregnable Fortress of their Loyalty . They disclaimed all concurrence with State-competitors : when Crowns and Scepters lay at Stake ; they neither held it safe , nor honourable , to admit least acquiescence , much less adherence to such fomenters of debate . This enforced the Enemy to stand continually upon his Guard , to his great disadvantage : which , though it injoyned this County to a constant charge , yet it conduced highly to their safety , and preservation of their honour . Howbeit , some scattered aspersions have lately spread themselves ; which , at the first blush , may seem to some prejudicate opinions , detractive from the reputation of this County : but upon more mature and serious discussion of every particular ( though my Person be a stranger to those Parts , which may imply an impartial Pen ) I have heard it amply debated , and unanimously concluded , that no action was committed , nor design omitted , that might any way derogate from their Honour : for , by labouring to surprize an Enemy , as was apparently proved , they might , at that time , have made way for the Enemy to seize upon the Rendevouz for that County ; which would not have been so easily repriz'd , being once possessed ; by reason of the Inhabitants within it , and places adjacent to it ; whose affections were dangerously corrupted . It was held by an excellent refined judgment , for a gallant action , if they could decline the fury of a powerful neighbouring Enemy , without forein Protection : which , by their Commanders care , hath been bravely performed : crowning the issue of their actions with undaunted resolution . The Souldiers , who are designed to keep Garrison in these Parts , are Men of proper Personage , and strong Constitutions : and , no doubt , of stout and resolute Courage , if they were put to it . But , their near adjoyning service to their own doors , makes them more remiss in their attendance . This Opinion has been generally retein'd of them : Better Souldiers , if they were well disciplin'd , and farther distanc'd from home , never March'd into any Field : but their thought of home , and a neglected Family , makes them less intentive to Affairs Military . This Shire is divided into two parts ; but the Baronry is the Beauty and Glory of the County , for her more civiliz'd Commonty . For the other part of the County , their Commons are more servile , but less civil : and , to the happiness of their Commanders , not so ready to argue , as to obey . Whereto , they have been so inured from their infancy ; as Obedience is more acceptable to them than Soveraignty . The Shire-Town is Apleby , which merits preeminence onely for antiquity : for Kendall , being the Garrison-Town for the County , has been ever renowned for her affluence of commerce , and confluence of People : Being a Burgess highly fam'd for her Manufactory in Woolwork : which , by their experienc'd industry , became infinitely commodious to the Corporation and Parts adjacent : though of late much decreasing . Which , it were to be wish'd , that it might be timely supply'd , and cheerfully reviv'd , by the assistance and application of those Members in the High Court of Parliament , who stand obliged , upon their Election , to promote the Interests of their Countrey ; by removing all probable occurrencies that may obstruct the improvement of it . An imployment , no doubt , more corresponsive to their Place , whereto they are , by the Votes and Voices of their Countrey , deputed ; than any Self-seeking-Interest , wherewith , I hope , that sharp Northern ayr will not suffer them to be infected . Neither has it been the least of her happiness , to have enjoyed such loyal and circumspect Magistrates ; as by their vigilancy and fidelity , made it their prime terrestrial task , to intercept these Enemies of the State. Such Centinels deserve cherishing , and high approvement ; especially in these times so anxiously shaking and shuddring . Neither can too much circumspection be used , in regard of the Dis-affectionates in that Place ; their private desertion of the Publick Cause ; and their aversion from all accommodation or intention to Peace . The beauty of Sodoms Aples was onely in their colour : and , the purity of these , onely in their tinsell-zeal lustre . Their seeming compliance in the Cause , cannot palliat the Core of their heart . Sin ever retains the sting of shame : Neither can it be such a faithful Secretary to it self , but it must , when least expected , and less importuned , discover its guilt . Many private passages present admittance to this Town of Garrison : but , no In-lets more dangerous than * ill-hearts , where the poyson of dis-affection has instill'd that infusion , as , no spirit holds more influence over some pretended Zelots of them , than that viperous fury of Rebellion . Well may the Malignants promise to themselves a grateful harvest to their Labours , when they plough their accursed Ground with their Enemies Heifers . But , these Brambles are not so many , but they might be quickly Weeded , did not Impunity thaw Authority ; and leave Delinquents more presumingly indurate . Sundry Forts , Rampires , and Barricadoes have been in the most convenient and incursive places lately erected , by the care of those Governours successively imployed in Garrison : amongst which , One of principal concernment , being an antient artificial Mount , and in form resembling one of those Pyrenaean Mountains , dividing France from Spain ; and distinguished by a Device or Model , like a Cap of Maintenance , upon the top : a Work , certainly , of incomparable art , ingenuity and consequence . This stands as a Counter-mure , by an equal level , and opposal to the Castle ; which Castle , though ruinous and demolished , is shortly to be Fortified , if all designs proceed , as are intended . But , now those hopes of reparation have run themselves quite out of breath : Peace and Unity being the safest Ports , and securest Forts that Human Policy can erect . In a word , if this County be at unity within it self , it will prove a grievous Eye-sore to the strongest Assailant : neither can this Sacred Chain of Union be dissolved but by two means : First , By a surreptitious Envy , fomented in some of the Gentry , towards the Persons that are in Command : Or , this particular respect in the Commonty ( a too Epidemical Malady ) wherein private gain must over-ballance the Publick good . To cure these , no Receipt more soverain , than , in the first place , for the Gentry , without reluctancy , or private agency , to submit their Wills to the fair Commands of those , who derive from their Superiours a legal precedency : And , in the next place , for the Commonty to decline their own opinion , and , to adhere wholly to their Commanders ; by whose advice , they may not onely be regulated , wherein their own discretion cannot supply them ; But so compleatly furnished , as timely prevention , the life of Policy , may hereafter secure them . THE INTEREST OF CVMBERLAND . A Cunning cautelous People ; Patient of Labour ; and plyable to Commands : Which observance in them , is rather to be imputed to the discreet carriage of their Gentry , than the innate affection , or disposition of the Commonty . Who , if a prudent awe did not subdue them , could be easily induced to play the Masters . Neither was it possible for them to confine so long upon a subtile neighbouring Nation , but they must necessarily receive some tincture from them , and retein it in them . They are pithy in their discourse , and nimble in their bargaining . Antiently , this County , as our former was , has been much ingaged to * Border service : in the pursute whereof , by freedom of booties , it returned generally more gainer than loser . The Gentry of this County has been ever much addicted to Recreation ; as Hunting , Hawking , Horse-races , and the like gentile pleasures . Now , by the late breaking in of these Distractions and uncivil quarrels , to their Honour , they address'd their imployments wholly to the Discipline of Armes . Many of these have received several Commands ; some of Centuries , others of Colonies , and others of select quality , of Brigades . Certain differences ( upon the prevalency of some dis-affected spirits , who itched after nothing more than Innovation ) sprung up dangerously in the beginning : but , the Serpent was nipt in the head : and the Gockatrice broken in the egg , before it was hatched . Some dangerous Instruments we have obviously heard of in our travel to those parts ; who were , by their peculiar Places and Offices , highly interessed in the Counties Affairs ; and these , to the great dishonour of their Place and Person , made Marchandize of their Offices : preferring the receipt of a sordid servile profit , before the estimation of their Family , conscience or credit . Alexander Severus would have smoak'd such mercenary venders of smoke . Xerxes would have pulled their skin over their eares . But , this official corruption is such a contagion , as it cannot conceal its poyson . The Partridge is said to make her nest of stoln Egges , which she hath not layed ; but , as soon as the Birds are hatched , the true Mother calls them all away from their theevish step-Dame ; the Story needs no Oedipus . The prime Seat , or Garrison for this County , is Carlisle ; a dainty , free and fertile soyl . Yet , either through sloath of the Inhabitants , or some other occult cause ( notwithstanding the delicacy and fruitfulness of the Seat ) the People are generally poor and necessitous : preferring a sleepy supine life , before any industrious gain . Their near adjacency to that disloyal and ungrateful People , the Scots , with their constant Traffick and commerce with them , has begot in some of them , too near a congruence , and concurrence in their affections . Hence it is , that diverse Factious Separatists , who desire nothing more than Division , or rather a privation in all Government ; have familiarly repaired to those parts , and freely , no doubt , communicated to them their counsels . So dangerous is the stream of dis-allegeance , when it interveines it self in any descending line of blood , or to use their own word for it , of Clan . And , as the Snow-ball gathers by rowling : so These , by pretending plausive ends , many times find Assistants and ready Agents to further their Designs . Religion is a specious pretence ; but , for illiterate and undisciplinary Persons to be reducers and reformers of a long-establish'd Church-Government ; and , to find false wards in that Key , which has so freely and fruitfully opened the door , for so many Ages , to People of all Conditions : it is such an Anathematiz'd Doctrine , as he that inclines to it , cannot but acknowledg himself miserably deluded . To labour a seasonable prevention of these , it was the especial care of the Gentry of both Counties , to levy their Forces timely , and by applying a present Remedy , to decline an approaching Malady . In this , they all concurred , and happily succeeded . For , upon the very first appearance of Force , these groundless Malignants had the Manners to lay down their Arms , and to embrace Loyalty . So easily were they to be reclaimed , whom lightness of opinion had so weakly ensnared : and a precipitate assent to indiscreet counsel , so unadvisedly perswaded . Yet , for all this , no Vintage so carefully intended , but some Clusters will be left ungathered ; no Harvest so painfully earned , but some Eares left ungleaned : though the main Fabrick were demolished , there appeared some Refuse , or Rubbish , arising from those Ruines , which might supply fresh Materials to erect a new Pile of mischief , if it were not prevented . The opinion which is held of the Agent , whether his designs aym at Loyalty , or dis-Allegiance , works wonderful impressions : This might be collected by the passages of one Gentleman , too deeply interested in these Civil Divisions : whose moral honesty had so possest him of a good opinion generally , as his precipicious actions received the better construction , by means of this opinion . It is true ; that our best Men , being deluded , and imployed upon ill business , do ever the worst Offices . A debaucht Slave , who has sold himself to all impiety , can never find many Favourites , nor Followers ; unless they be such as are casten in the same Mould : Civil reserved Men , who carry their eyes about them , will be jealous of the Design , by reason of the Agent . Catiline may find a Cethegus ; but , to see him associated , either by a Cato , or a Brutus , were a miracle . Let evil Men then be put upon ill actions : for , when good Men are seen in them , or consort with those that appear for them ; they attract many Shadows ; and make those practises , which in their own native Simples , are poysonous , seem to deluded judgments , who are mis-led , by their opinion of the Agents , cordial and commodious . We shall not need here to distinguish Him by any nearer or clearer Character : the knowledg of his * Person has aspired to that growth with most men in those Parts ; as these may present him in his full body , without any farther discovery . It were to be wished , that , as mis-understanding has seduced him , so some clear , solid , and dis-ingaged judgment may reduce him ; which by these calmer times has been effected : rendring him both morally and conscientiously Loyal . But , we have retraited too farr from the Interess of this County . Their Shire-Town is strongly fortified ; with useful Ordnance furnished : and by an experienced Governour * Commanded : So , as though the continual attendance of Troops of Horse , and maintenance of a constant Garrison , may appear a burden to the County : yet , in regard of the vicinity of the Enemy , who is apt to entertain all opportunate advantages of hostility , this charge becomes their Sanctuary . Nor is it to be omitted , what Zeal their Magistrate , with other Countrey Officers , have expressed to the Publick Cause ; and in it , how they have manifested their affections to such , who had deserted their Countrey , by bogling at Authority : labouring to reduce them by gratulatory Letters , and Messages of Amity ; but , see the ingratitude of Malignants ! So far were they from being perswaded , as these honest Officers were , by them , uncivilly answered ; twiting them with the vices wherewith they had known them formerly to be acquainted : Wishing one of them to look to his Wench ; another to his Bribe : and to leave them to their Fortunes . To conclude this , let us reflect upon their Quality , and Harmony in Commands . Although they have a Commander in Chief , designed over both the Counties : who , out of his candor and affability , is pleased , in all freedom and familiarity to communicate his Counsels to them ; yet some resulting spirits there have been , who varied much from the antient Israelites disgust : for , their desire pitched upon this , to have a Stranger Ruler over them ; rather than One who was Born and Bred among them . But , so equally were his thoughts composed , as by none of these affronts could he suffer himself to be distempered ; seeing , it fares generally with the most Military Agent , or any other active Instrument of State , as it does with a Prophet , not to be esteemed in his own Countrey . It was an excellent observation of a compassionate Roman , touching Scipio African : O what a gallant General were African , if he were in any Countrey but his own ! But , brave actions , grounded upon pure intentions , cannot lose their guerdon . The Sun , after it has wrastled with a Cloud , shews his beauty in more fullness . For , the affections of the Gentry become more clear than they were , being wonn by their Commanders affability , his infatigable care for the Publick , his dis-regard to his own profit . Vertitur Aquilonis auspicium mutando Proverbium : " Ab Aquilone omne bonum , " Nobile nobis dedit donum , " Regi vitam & coronam ; " Aulam nitidam , & Stabilem Thronum , " Pacis palmam , aureum pomum . " Mittat per orbem vaga fama sonum ; " Matura pensans messe Colonum : " Miretur Auster nunc Aquilonem . AN ADVERTISEMENT TO THE PERUSER . BE pleased , Candid Reader , to bestow your eye upon the Order of the Characters methodically digested , and analogically couched ; principally intended and artfully disposed for the benefit and pleasure of any Competent and unbyassed Reader . The strength of whose appetite commonly becomes allay'd by tedious Tables , Indexes , and intricate Preambles . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A29225-e4110 * The like we read of Abdolominus in Curtius . lib. 4. † Sit mihi compta domus ; sit frugibus aptus agellus ; Sint meà culturae praedia nota meae . Alem. * Aug. Med. c. 36. * Barcley * Diog. Cyn. † Plato . * Plutarch . in vit . Macrel . in Saturn . † Dom. po●● . * Nunc loqu●●●●bus , & pronunciantibus plenus est orbis : Docent quae non didicerunt . Magist : sunt , cum discipuli ante non suerunt . Hier. * Communicable knowledg the fittingst Chair-Man in publick Societies and private Families . Notes for div A29225-e12130 * Ambition , saith wise Montpellier , though it have a strong Constitution , it has a squeamish Stomack . Notes for div A29225-e16200 * Relating to the Raging Reign of our late Protector . Notes for div A29225-e20460 * Cleob. * Camp. In Sylv. * Ambition cloathed with Ignorance , falls ever short of its Expectance . Notes for div A29225-e24120 * Ecce quàm fastuosè & fastidiosè Vespasiani lasanum prodit ! Notes for div A29225-e24910 * Relating to those late Parliamentary Imbroilments . Notes for div A29225-e29900 * Pretending Zealots , the mainest Fomenters of Rebellion : relating ever to our late distracted times . Notes for div A29225-e30650 * The 〈◊〉 Foundation of a Tenant-Right . * A Gentleman highly valued for his discreet Government in those times . * If a precipicious Passion , or an impropriation to opinion transport him not ; whereto maturity of time , advice , and long experience , have seasonably made him a stranger .