Farther additions to a small treatise called Salt-water sweetned shewing the great advantages both by sea and land of sea-water made fresh : together with the Honourable Mr. Boyle's letter and the approbation of the Colledge of Physicians of the wholesomeness of this water.
         Fitzgerald, R. (Robert)
      
       
         
           1684
        
      
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             Farther additions to a small treatise called Salt-water sweetned shewing the great advantages both by sea and land of sea-water made fresh : together with the Honourable Mr. Boyle's letter and the approbation of the Colledge of Physicians of the wholesomeness of this water.
             Fitzgerald, R. (Robert)
             Boyle, Robert, 1627-1691.
             Fitzgerald, R. (Robert). Salt-water sweetned.
          
           
             The ninth edition, Octob. 13.
          
           [6], 21 p.
           
             Printed by John Harefinch ...,
             London :
             1684.
          
           
             Written by Robert Fitzgerald. Cf. BM.
             Reproduction of original in Bodleian Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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           Fitzgerald, R. -- (Robert). -- Salt-water sweetned.
           Seawater -- Distillation -- Early works to 1800.
           Saline water conversion -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           Farther
           Additions
           To
           a
           Small
           TREATISE
           Called
           Salt-Water
           SWEETNED
           :
           SHEWING
           
             The
             Great
             Advantages
          
           BOTH
           BY
           SEA
           and
           by
           LAND
           ,
           OF
           SEA-WATER
           made
           FRESH
           .
        
         
           TOGETHER
           In
           the
           Honourable
           Mr.
           BOYLE'S
           Letter
           ,
           and
           the
           Approbation
           of
           the
           COLLEDGE
           of
           PHYSICIANS
           ,
           of
           the
           Wholsomness
           of
           this
           WATER
           .
        
         
           The
           Ninth
           Edition
           ,
           Octob.
           13.
           
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           by
           
             John
             Harefinch
          
           in
           Mountague-Court
           in
           
             Little
             Brittain
          
           .
           1684.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           TO
           THE
           KING'S
           Most
           Excellent
           Majesty
           .
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
        
         
           WHEN
           Mr.
           Boyle
           ,
           with
           my
           Partners
           ,
           and
           my self
           attended
           Your
           Majesty
           with
           the
           Experiment
           of
           Reducing
           
             Salt
             Water
          
           into
           
             Fresh
             ;
             Your
             Majesty
          
           seem'd
           so
           well
           pleased
           with
           an
           Invention
           of
           that
           Vniversal
           Benefit
           ,
           that
           we
           cannot
           but
           with
           our
           Humblest
           Duty
           acknowledge
           Your
           Gracious
           Reception
           of
           it
           ;
           However
           ,
           as
           Your
           Great
           Wisdom
           and
           Judgment
           is
           not
           easie
           to
           be
           surpriz'd
           ,
           and
           Your
           Royal
           Approbation
           never
           known
           to
           be
           Your
           hasty
           Act
           of
           Grace
           ;
           
           Your
           Favour
           and
           Patronage
           was
           not
           fully
           obtain'd
           ,
           till
           with
           the
           strictest
           Scrutiny
           you
           had
           first
           examin'd
           those
           Hopes
           and
           Probabilities
           ,
           you
           vouchsaf'd
           to
           incourage
           in
           Vs
           .
        
         
           But
           ,
           when
           upon
           jurther
           consideration
           ,
           We
           had
           obviated
           all
           Difficulties
           ,
           and
           solv'd
           all
           Objections
           against
           this
           Vndertaking
           ,
           (
           which
           We
           hope
           will
           appear
           in
           this
           Printed
           Paper
           ,
           )
           Your
           Majesty
           was
           Graciously
           pleas'd
           to
           give
           us
           your
           Approbation
           ,
           and
           to
           order
           us
           your
           
             Letters
             Patents
          
           ;
           which
           Grace
           and
           Favour
           ought
           to
           be
           ,
           and
           is
           receiv'd
           by
           Vs
           with
           the
           deepest
           sense
           of
           our
           humble
           Acknowledgments
           and
           Gratitude
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           the
           Fruits
           of
           your
           Royal
           Grant
           has
           not
           hitherto
           been
           deriv'd
           to
           Vs
           ,
           't
           is
           partly
           by
           some
           Obstacles
           we
           met
           from
           the
           suggestions
           of
           a
           private
           Person
           ,
           but
           more
           especially
           by
           the
           late
           
             Horrid
             Conspiracy
          
           ,
           when
           ,
           not
           only
           our
           Loyal
           Apprehensions
           for
           your
           Majesties
           Danger
           ,
           diverted
           our
           Thoughts
           from
           all
           other
           Concerns
           ,
           but
           likewise
           we
           judged
           it
           a
           part
           of
           our
           Duty
           not
           to
           be
           pressing
           on
           your
           Majesties
           Goodness
           ,
           or
           on
           your
           Ministers
           of
           State
           ,
           in
           so
           Important
           a
           juncture
           of
           Affairs
           :
           But
           having
           now
           
           regained
           Leisure
           and
           Fredom
           ,
           after
           the
           dissipation
           of
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           our
           Fears
           ,
           We
           presume
           a
           second
           time
           to
           lay
           these
           Endeavours
           at
           your
           Feet
           ,
           as
           best
           Entituled
           to
           the
           Patronage
           of
           so
           great
           an
           Vndertaking
           by
           your
           own
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           best
           able
           to
           Recommend
           it
           to
           the
           World
           by
           your
           Royal
           Approbation
           .
        
         
           This
           Experiment
           is
           in
           a
           great
           degree
           owing
           to
           the
           Eminent
           Mr.
           Boyle
           ,
           and
           indeed
           well
           worthy
           so
           Ingenious
           a
           Promoter
           being
           so
           much
           the
           more
           the
           Favorite
           of
           his
           happy
           Genius
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           Vniversally
           useful
           to
           Mankind
           ;
           But
           whatever
           Advantages
           this
           Country
           ,
           or
           indeed
           the
           World
           ,
           may
           receive
           by
           it
           ,
           his
           whole
           Ambition
           is
           bounded
           in
           the
           publick
           .
           Profit
           ,
           contenting
           himself
           with
           no
           other
           Benefit
           from
           it
           ,
           than
           the
           satisfaction
           and
           pleasure
           of
           seeing
           it
           accomplish'd
           by
           his
           Friends
           .
        
         
           The
           Advantages
           in
           regard
           to
           Navigation
           ,
           especially
           in
           long
           Voyages
           ,
           which
           are
           subject
           (
           through
           often
           Calms
           ,
           and
           on
           several
           other
           accounts
           ,
           )
           to
           distress
           for
           want
           of
           Water
           ,
           and
           the
           Benefits
           to
           Sea-Towns
           ;
           which
           are
           incommodated
           by
           Brackish
           Waters
           ,
           
           Together
           with
           the
           Easiness
           ,
           Cheapness
           ,
           and
           Wholsomness
           of
           this
           prepared
           Water
           ,
           are
           the
           principal
           scope
           of
           these
           ensuing
           Papers
           ,
           which
           are
           Humbly
           Dedicated
           to
           Your
           Majestys
           Perusal
           ,
           Favour
           ,
           and
           further
           Approbation
           ,
           by
        
         
           
             Your
             Majesties
             most
             Dutisul
             and
             Obedient
             Subject
             ,
             R.
             FITZGERALD
             .
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           The
           fore-going
           Dedication
           ,
           Humbly
           offered
           to
           His
           Majesty
           ,
           having
           discovered
           the
           Intention
           of
           this
           undertaking
           ;
           it
           remains
           now
           to
           satisfie
           all
           Reasonable
           Scruples
           which
           have
           been
           raised
           concerning
           the
           Wholesomness
           and
           Cheapness
           of
           Water
           thus
           prepared
           .
        
         
           
             The
             Queries
             and
             Answers
             follow
             .
          
           
             
               Quest
               .
               1
               IF
               this
            
             Water
             can
             be
             made
             in
             sufficient
             quantities
             to
             serve
             the
             Vses
             of
             any
             Ship
             at
             Sea
             ?
          
           
             Ans
             .
             About
             Ninety
             Gallons
             may
             be
             Prepared
             in
             every
             Twenty
             four
             Hours
             by
             an
             Instrument
             of
             33
             Inches
             Diameter
             ,
             which
             will
             stand
             under
             the
             Deck
             of
             any
             Ship
             ;
             and
             it
             's
             computed
             that
             less
             than
             three
             Quarts
             is
             a
             good
             Allowance
             for
             any
             man
             in
             that
             time
             :
             And
             if
             a
             large
             Ship
             ,
             wherein
             there
             are
             many
             men
             aboard
             ,
             should
             require
             more
             Water
             ,
             then
             two
             or
             more
             of
             the
             Instruments
             may
             be
             had
             upon
             reasonable
             Terms
             ,
             and
             one
             man
             may
             attend
             several
             of
             them
             .
          
           
             
               Quest
               .
               2.
               
               In
               case
               the
               Operation
               be
               by
            
             Fire
             ,
             
               it
               may
               require
               a
               Skilful
            
             Chymist
             ,
             
               or
               one
               knowing
               in
               such
               Operations
               ,
               to
               be
               on
               Board
               every
               Shi
               ,
               who
               will
               require
               great
               Wages
               .
            
          
           
             Ans
             .
             There
             will
             be
             no
             occasion
             for
             any
             such
             Person
             ,
             for
             any
             Sea-man
             may
             be
             Instructed
             in
             an
             Hour
             or
             two
             to
             prepare
             this
             Water
             .
          
           
           
             Quest
             .
             3.
             
             
               It
               's
               probable
               that
               the
            
             Engine
             
               may
               be
               frequently
               out
               of
               Order
               ,
               and
               being
               so
               at
               Sea
               ,
               where
               Artificers
               and
               Tools
               are
               wanting
               to
               repair
               it
               ,
               there
               must
               necessarily
               follow
               want
               of
            
             Water
             ,
             
               which
               will
               be
               of
               Ill
               Consequence
               .
            
          
           
             Ans
             .
             This
             Engine
             is
             of
             such
             Contrivance
             ,
             that
             it
             's
             never
             likely
             to
             be
             out
             of
             Order
             .
          
           
             Q.
             4.
             
             Can
             this
             Engine
             be
             of
             use
             in
             Stormy-weather
             ?
          
           
             Ans
             .
             Since
             a
             sufficient
             quantity
             of
             Fresh-water
             may
             be
             so
             easily
             had
             by
             this
             Engine
             ,
             the
             Mariners
             will
             be
             careful
             to
             make
             a
             good
             Provision
             of
             it
             before-hand
             ;
             however
             ,
             't
             is
             not
             to
             be
             doubted
             ,
             but
             it
             will
             answer
             the
             worst
             Accidents
             of
             the
             greatest
             Storms
             ,
             and
             have
             its
             Effect
             sufficiently
             in
             the
             worst
             Weather
             ,
             especially
             considering
             that
             in
             such
             desperate
             Extremities
             men
             must
             be
             content
             with
             smaller
             Allowances
             .
          
           
             Quest
             .
             5.
             
             
               The
               Operation
               being
               by
            
             Fire
             ,
             
               it
               may
               endanger
               the
               Ship
               ,
               and
               the
               Smoak
               be
               very
               offensive
               ?
            
          
           
             Ans
             .
             The
             Engine
             may
             easily
             be
             placed
             in
             any
             Ship
             without
             danger
             of
             Fire
             ,
             offence
             of
             Smoak
             .
          
           
             Quest
             .
             6.
             
             
               Will
               not
               the
               Charge
               of
               this
               Instrument
               and
               Materials
               belonging
               to
               it
               be
               very
               great
               ?
            
          
           
             Ans
             .
             It
             is
             difficult
             to
             make
             exact
             Answer
             to
             this
             ,
             but
             an
             Instrument
             of
             the
             largest
             Size
             ,
             with
             all
             the
             Materials
             belonging
             to
             it
             ,
             will
             not
             amount
             to
             above
             18
             pound
             ,
             and
             may
             last
             many
             years
             ,
             and
             according
             to
             the
             Rates
             of
             Ships
             ,
             they
             may
             be
             proportion'd
             both
             in
             Bulk
             and
             Price
             .
             And
             where
             it
             may
             be
             thought
             necessary
             to
             make
             use
             
             of
             this
             Experiment
             on
             Shore
             ,
             for
             Brewing
             ,
             or
             other
             uses
             of
             a
             Family
             ,
             Instruments
             and
             Materials
             may
             be
             very
             large
             ,
             and
             very
             much
             cheaper
             on
             Shore
             than
             at
             Sea.
             
          
           
             Quest
             .
             7.
             
             
               Will
               not
               the
               Fewel
               be
               very
               Chargeable
               ,
               and
               take
               up
               much
               room
               in
               the
               Ship
               ?
            
          
           
             Ans
             .
             The
             quantity
             of
             about
             ninety
             Gallons
             of
             Water
             may
             be
             prepared
             with
             less
             than
             three
             pecks
             of
             Coals
             ,
             and
             proportionally
             with
             any
             other
             Fire
             ;
             and
             the
             whole
             Room
             that
             will
             be
             taken
             up
             in
             the
             Fire
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             few
             Casks
             to
             be
             imployed
             in
             the
             making
             and
             receiving
             this
             Water
             ,
             will
             be
             less
             than
             the
             tenth
             part
             of
             Stowage
             now
             employed
             for
             Water
             only
             ,
             and
             upon
             a
             strict
             Computation
             made
             by
             the
             Persons
             concern'd
             in
             this
             Grant
             ,
             the
             whole
             charge
             of
             Water
             will
             come
             to
             about
             a
             farthing
             per
             Gallon
             .
          
           
             Quest
             8.
             
             
               Will
               not
               the
               Ingredients
               take
               up
               much
               Room
               ,
               and
               be
               very
               Chargeable
               ?
            
          
           
             Ans
             .
             A
             Vessel
             less
             then
             a
             Barrel
             may
             contain
             enough
             of
             the
             Ingredients
             to
             catty
             a
             Ship
             to
             the
             East
             Indies
             and
             back
             again
             ;
             and
             the
             Ingredients
             for
             near
             one
             hundred
             Gallons
             of
             this
             Sea-water
             will
             not
             amount
             to
             above
             12
             Pence
             ,
             and
             will
             be
             cheaper
             when
             great
             quantities
             are
             used
             at
             Land.
             
          
           
             Quest
             .
             9.
             
             Admitting
             this
             Preparation
             of
             Water
             may
             be
             made
             ,
             and
             insufficient
             Quantities
             ,
             it
             may
             be
             doubted
             whether
             it
             be
             wholsome
             ?
          
           
           
             Ans
             .
             The
             Famous
             Lord
             Bacon
             ,
             having
             written
             learnedly
             of
             this
             Subject
             ,
             had
             not
             the
             least
             thought
             that
             the
             Sea-water
             ,
             after
             it
             had
             been
             Dis-salted
             ,
             without
             any
             Noxious
             addition
             ,
             was
             Unwholesom
             :
             and
             it
             neither
             now
             is
             ,
             nor
             ever
             was
             really
             doubted
             whether
             it
             were
             wholesom
             ;
             However
             ,
             because
             invidious
             Persons
             ,
             who
             are
             no
             well-wishers
             to
             Ingenious
             Designs
             ,
             may
             possibly
             raise
             Scruples
             ,
             the
             Gentlemen
             who
             are
             concerned
             in
             this
             Grant
             ,
             have
             purposely
             ,
             to
             give
             Publick
             Satisfaction
             ,
             sent
             a
             large
             quantity
             of
             this
             Water
             to
             Doctor
             King
             ,
             a
             very
             Ingenious
             Physician
             ,
             who
             is
             a
             Member
             of
             the
             Colledge
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             
               Royal
               Society
            
             ;
             who
             finds
             ,
          
           
             1.
             
             That
             it
             is
             Lighter
             than
             most
             of
             the
             Waters
             about
             the
             Town
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             That
             it
             is
             without
             Sediment
             ,
             and
             Transparent
             as
             any
             other
             Waters
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             That
             it
             Lathers
             (
             as
             they
             call
             it
             )
             with
             Wash-Ball
             or
             Soap
             ,
             better
             than
             other
             Water
             ,
             and
             with
             less
             Soap
             .
          
           
             4.
             
             That
             Sugar
             dissolveth
             sooner
             in
             it
             ,
             than
             in
             other
             Water
             .
          
           
             5.
             
             That
             it
             Evaporates
             sooner
             than
             common
             Water
             .
          
           
             6.
             
             That
             whereas
             common
             Water
             Putrifies
             and
             yields
             a
             Stinking
             Smell
             within
             a
             few
             Weeks
             ,
             this
             has
             continued
             Sweet
             and
             unaltered
             several
             Months
             ,
             and
             may
             yet
             do
             so
             much
             longer
             ,
             being
             still
             in
             as
             good
             condition
             as
             it
             was
             above
             Eight
             
             Months
             ago
             ,
             November
             the
             Fifteenth
             ,
             1683.
             
          
           
             7.
             
             That
             it
             makes
             Gellies
             as
             firm
             and
             good
             as
             any
             Water
             .
          
           
             8.
             
             That
             it
             Boils
             Pease
             to
             Tenderness
             ,
             Beef
             ,
             Mutton
             ,
             Fish
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             Meat
             ,
             without
             giving
             it
             an
             ill
             Taste
             or
             Colour
             .
          
           
             9.
             
             That
             it
             has
             no
             kind
             of
             ill
             Taste
             in
             it self
             ,
             and
             Boils
             in
             Milk
             ,
             without
             Curdling
             .
          
           
             10.
             
             That
             
               Flowers
               ,
               Plants
            
             ,
             and
             all
             Vegetables
             grow
             in
             it
             at
             least
             as
             well
             as
             any
             other
             Water
             .
          
           
             11.
             
             And
             that
             small
             Animals
             live
             and
             grow
             in
             it
             .
          
           
             Several
             men
             of
             great
             Quality
             ,
             viz.
             The
             Earls
             of
             
               Shrowsbury
               ,
               Westmorland
               ,
               Mulgrave
            
             and
             Burlington
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Dunbar
             ,
             Lord
             Lumley
             ,
             Lord
             Falconbridge
             ,
             and
             Lord
             Chumley
             ,
             besides
             very
             many
             Gentlemen
             of
             Quality
             ,
             who
             frequently
             drink
             Water
             ,
             Officers
             of
             Sea
             ,
             and
             Physicians
             ,
             have
             Drunk
             of
             this
             Water
             ,
             without
             being
             in
             the
             least
             indispos'd
             after
             it
             ;
             but
             ,
             lest
             any
             doubts
             may
             remain
             after
             this
             ,
             of
             the
             Salubrity
             of
             the
             said
             Water
             ,
             the
             following
             Testimonial
             of
             these
             Learned
             and
             Eminent
             Physicians
             ,
             is
             here
             inserted
             .
          
           
             Since
             the
             former
             Editions
             of
             this
             Treatise
             ,
             most
             of
             the
             Foreign
             Ministers
             ,
             several
             Persons
             of
             Quality
             ,
             eminent
             Merchants
             ,
             Seamen
             ,
             and
             others
             ,
             have
             eat
             of
             Pease
             ,
             Fish
             ,
             and
             Flesh
             boyled
             in
             this
             prepar'd
             Water
             ;
             and
             some
             hundreds
             have
             drunk
             of
             it
             often
             ,
             and
             in
             great
             quantities
             ,
             without
             the
             least
             ill
             effect
             by
             it
             ;
             and
             several
             of
             the
             East
             and
             
               West
               India
            
             
             Ships
             now
             ready
             to
             sail
             ,
             have
             already
             agreed
             with
             the
             Patentees
             ,
             and
             have
             taken
             Engines
             from
             them
             :
             and
             some
             since
             they
             have
             had
             them
             on
             board
             their
             Ship
             ,
             have
             made
             Tryal
             in
             the
             Downs
             of
             the
             Operation
             of
             the
             said
             Engine
             at
             Sea
             ,
             to
             the
             great
             satisfaction
             of
             several
             Persons
             residing
             in
             and
             about
             Deal
             ,
             and
             other
             Maritime
             Places
             near
             the
             Downs
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Approbation
             of
             the
             Colledge
             of
             Physicians
             ,
             and
             other
             Doctors
             of
             Physick
             ,
             Practising
             in
             and
             about
             London
             .
          
           
             WHereas
             we
             have
             received
             an
             account
             in
             a
             Gazet
             published
             some
             Months
             since
             ,
             that
             the
             Honourable
             
               Robert
               Fitz
               Gerald
            
             ,
             Esq
             ;
             hath
             found
             out
             the
             way
             and
             means
             of
             reducing
             Salt-water
             into
             Fresh
             ,
             in
             quantities
             sufficient
             to
             serve
             Ships
             at
             Sea.
             And
             for
             as
             much
             as
             some
             Persons
             may
             possibly
             make
             a
             doubt
             ,
             if
             the
             said
             Water
             be
             wholsome
             after
             the
             Salt
             is
             taken
             out
             of
             it
             .
             We
             therefore
             ,
             considering
             of
             what
             general
             Advantage
             this
             useful
             Experiment
             may
             be
             ,
             having
             fully
             inform'd
             our selves
             from
             Mr.
             Boyle
             ,
             that
             the
             said
             Experiment
             is
             made
             by
             Fire
             .
             And
             having
             also
             seen
             an
             account
             of
             some
             Experiments
             made
             by
             some
             Members
             of
             our
             own
             Body
             ,
             do
             declare
             our
             Opinion
             ,
             that
             We
             believe
             the
             said
             Water
             is
             very
             wholesome
             ,
             and
             may
             be
             safely
             used
             .
             And
             being
             further
             acquainted
             by
             the
             said
             Mr.
             Boyle
             ,
             that
             the
             very
             few
             ingredients
             
             made
             use
             of
             in
             the
             said
             Operation
             ,
             are
             fixed
             in
             the
             Fire
             ,
             and
             give
             no
             noxious
             quality
             to
             the
             Water
             ;
             We
             are
             therefore
             of
             Opinion
             ,
             that
             the
             same
             may
             be
             safely
             used
             ,
             and
             is
             at
             least
             as
             healthy
             as
             any
             other
             Water
             us'd
             at
             Sea.
             All
             which
             we
             certifie
             (
             at
             the
             Request
             of
             the
             Honourable
             
               Robert
               Fitz-Gerald
            
             .
             )
          
           
             
               Dr.
               Cox
               ,
               President
               ,
            
             
               Sir
               C.
               Scarborough
               ,
               Knt.
               
            
             
               Dr.
               Daniel
               Whistler
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Weatherly
               .
            
             
               Dr.
               Will.
               Deuton
               .
            
             
               Sir.
               T.
               Millington
               ,
               Knt.
               
            
             
               Dr.
               Walter
               Needham
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Thomas
               Short
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Thomas
               Allen
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Edmund
               Dickingson
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               William
               Croone
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Richard
               Lower
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               John
               Windebank
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Daniel
               Cox
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               James
               Rufine
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Charles
               Conquest
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Edmund
               King
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Willoughby
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Tho.
               Sydenham
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Edward
               Tyson
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Nehemiah
               Grew
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               David
               Abercromby
               ,
            
             
               Dr.
               Andrew
               Creagh
               .
            
          
           
             Though
             Physick
             has
             always
             flourished
             in
             this
             Kingdom
             ,
             yet
             in
             this
             Age
             it
             is
             in
             greater
             Perfection
             than
             ever
             ;
             being
             improv'd
             ,
             both
             as
             to
             the
             Practical
             and
             Speculative
             part
             ,
             by
             the
             present
             Fellows
             of
             the
             Famous
             Colledge
             of
             Physicians
             ,
             who
             ,
             being
             Men
             of
             great
             Practise
             and
             Eminent
             Learning
             ,
             cannot
             but
             give
             full
             satisfaction
             to
             all
             such
             as
             inquire
             concerning
             the
             healthfulness
             of
             this
             Water
             ;
             Their
             Opinion
             being
             ,
             in
             this
             particular
             ,
             the
             more
             valuable
             ,
             
             because
             it
             is
             to
             their
             own
             Disadvantage
             ,
             since
             the
             Brackish
             Waters
             of
             the
             Sea-Coast
             ,
             and
             the
             pu●●ifying
             Waters
             made
             use
             of
             at
             Sea
             ,
             might
             probably
             have
             afforded
             them
             a
             great
             number
             of
             Patients
             ,
             which
             may
             hereafter
             be
             lessened
             by
             the
             use
             of
             this
             wholesome
             Water
             .
          
           
             Since
             the
             first
             Edition
             of
             these
             Papers
             ,
             his
             Majesty
             has
             been
             pleas'd
             to
             see
             some
             Experiments
             ,
             which
             has
             so
             convinc'd
             his
             Majesty
             of
             the
             healthfulness
             of
             this
             Water
             ,
             that
             he
             has
             resolved
             to
             have
             it
             generally
             made
             use
             of
             in
             his
             Sea-Port
             Garrisons
             ;
             of
             which
             an
             account
             has
             been
             given
             in
             several
             Guzetts
             ,
             by
             His
             Majesties
             special
             Order
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Benefits
             and
             Advantages
             of
             Sea-Water
             made
             Fresh
             .
          
           
             MUch
             Stowage
             will
             be
             saved
             ,
             so
             that
             a
             Ship
             of
             50
             or
             60
             Tun
             ,
             and
             proportionably
             of
             greater
             Bulk
             ,
             may
             take
             in
             several
             Tuns
             of
             Goods
             more
             than
             formerly
             they
             used
             to
             carry
             ;
             which
             will
             considerably
             advance
             the
             Trade
             of
             all
             Merchants
             ,
             and
             be
             of
             vast
             profit
             to
             the
             Masters
             or
             Owners
             of
             Ships
             .
          
           
             The
             Charge
             of
             Casks
             is
             very
             considerable
             ,
             especially
             when
             bound
             with
             Iron
             ,
             as
             all
             Sea-Casks
             must
             be
             ;
             And
             by
             means
             of
             this
             Engine
             ,
             three
             fourths
             of
             that
             charge
             will
             be
             saved
             .
          
           
             The
             tear
             and
             wear
             of
             Boats
             often
             going
             from
             Ship
             board
             ,
             and
             frequent
             loss
             of
             the
             Boats
             
             and
             men
             in
             Stormy
             Weather
             ,
             and
             the
             Opportunity
             of
             the
             Sea-mens
             being
             Drunk
             on
             shoar
             ;
             by
             which
             many
             fatal
             accidents
             do
             happen
             ,
             (
             by
             means
             of
             having
             this
             Water-Engine
             )
             will
             be
             prevented
             .
          
           
             Ships
             in
             long
             Voyages
             have
             been
             forc'd
             to
             run
             many
             Leagues
             from
             their
             intended
             course
             ,
             which
             much
             retards
             their
             Voyage
             ,
             and
             makes
             them
             lose
             fair
             Winds
             ,
             and
             maintain
             more
             Sea-men
             at
             charges
             of
             Diet
             and
             Wages
             than
             they
             have
             occasion
             for
             ;
             which
             inconveniencies
             may
             be
             prevented
             by
             having
             Water
             within
             themselves
             .
          
           
             Ships
             are
             often
             forc'd
             to
             leave
             their
             Anchors
             and
             Cables
             behind
             them
             ,
             by
             being
             forc'd
             into
             dangerous
             Shoars
             upon
             account
             of
             taking
             in
             Fresh
             Water
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             
               African
               ,
               East
            
             and
             
               West
               India
            
             Voyages
             ,
             great
             quantities
             of
             Fresh
             Water
             are
             necessary
             ,
             which
             the
             Sea-men
             are
             forc'd
             to
             put
             above
             Deck
             for
             want
             of
             room
             ,
             which
             is
             great
             hindrance
             to
             a
             Ships
             Sailing
             ,
             and
             much
             endangers
             and
             weakens
             a
             Ship.
             
          
           
             In
             case
             of
             Calms
             ,
             which
             often
             happen
             in
             the
             narrow
             Seas
             ,
             but
             especially
             near
             the
             Line
             ,
             this
             Instrument
             will
             be
             of
             vast
             advantage
             ,
             by
             affording
             fresh
             and
             wholsome
             Water
             ,
             instead
             of
             that
             which
             is
             unwholsome
             and
             offensive
             .
          
           
             
               Essex
               ,
               Kent
            
             ,
             all
             other
             the
             Sea-Coasts
             ,
             in
             any
             part
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             that
             want
             wholesome
             
             Water
             ,
             may
             be
             easily
             and
             and
             cheaply
             supplied
             by
             this
             means
             ;
             as
             also
             
               Venice
               ,
               Amsterdam
               ,
               Roterdam
            
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             Towns
             or
             Places
             that
             lye
             near
             the
             Sea
             ,
             and
             either
             want
             good
             ,
             or
             have
             Brackish
             Water
             .
          
           
             In
             time
             of
             War
             ,
             whole
             Navies
             may
             be
             relieved
             by
             this
             Engine
             ,
             and
             Opportunity
             given
             of
             making
             the
             greatest
             Discoveries
             imaginable
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             further
             to
             be
             considered
             ,
             that
             hitherto
             the
             richest
             and
             ablest
             bodied
             Sea-men
             have
             been
             averse
             horn
             undertaking
             long
             Voyages
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             endangering
             their
             Healths
             ,
             and
             Lives
             ,
             by
             making
             use
             of
             putrified
             Water
             ,
             which
             inconvenience
             is
             not
             now
             to
             be
             feared
             ,
             there
             being
             such
             hopes
             of
             useful
             Fresh
             Water
             by
             the
             use
             of
             this
             Engine
             ;
             and
             possibly
             a
             smaller
             number
             of
             men
             may
             serve
             the
             use
             of
             Ships
             than
             do
             at
             present
             ,
             by
             which
             much
             Charges
             will
             be
             saved
             to
             the
             Masters
             and
             Owners
             of
             Ships
             ;
             and
             Merchants
             may
             Trade
             upon
             easier
             Terms
          
           
             In
             
               Portsmouth
               ;
               Rochester
            
             ,
             the
             Fenns
             of
             Lincolnshire
             ,
             and
             any
             other
             places
             near
             the
             Sea
             ,
             where
             Waters
             are
             Brackish
             ,
             and
             consequently
             unwholsome
             ,
             this
             Engine
             ,
             &c.
             may
             be
             very
             useful
             ,
             and
             where
             there
             is
             room
             enough
             to
             place
             it
             ,
             very
             great
             quantities
             of
             Water
             may
             be
             had
             for
             the
             use
             of
             whole
             Families
             ,
             and
             the
             Ingredients
             when
             used
             in
             great
             quantities
             may
             be
             afforded
             at
             a
             cheaper
             Rate
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             A
             LETTER
             of
             Mr.
             BOYLE's
             to
             the
             Learned
             Dr.
             JOHN
             BEALE
             ,
             Fellow
             of
             the
             Royal
             Society
             ,
             concerning
             Fresh-water
             made
             out
             of
             Sea-water
             :
             Printed
             at
             the
             desire
             of
             the
             Patentees
             .
          
           
             
               SIR
               ,
            
          
           
             TO
             give
             you
             a
             short
             Account
             (
             suitable
             to
             the
             little
             time
             I
             have
             to
             do
             it
             in
             ,
             )
             of
             the
             Transaction
             ,
             which
             I
             suppose
             must
             have
             given
             he
             rise
             to
             the
             Mention
             made
             of
             my
             Name
             in
             the
             publick
             Gazette
             :
             I
             must
             inform
             you
             ,
             that
             one
             of
             my
             nearest
             Relations
             ,
             (
             Captain
             Fitz-Gerald
             )
             and
             some
             other
             Worthy
             Gentlemen
             ,
             having
             acquainted
             his
             Majesty
             ,
             that
             They
             had
             an
             Invention
             for
             making
             Sea-water
             sweet
             and
             wholsom
             in
             great
             quantity
             ,
             and
             with
             small
             charge
             ,
             and
             that
             I
             had
             examin'd
             ,
             and
             did
             approve
             the
             Water
             so
             prepar'd
             ;
             His
             Majesty
             was
             pleas'd
             with
             very
             Gracious
             Expressions
             ,
             to
             command
             Me
             to
             attend
             him
             with
             a
             further
             and
             more
             particular
             Information
             .
             Having
             readily
             obey'd
             this
             Order
             ,
             and
             been
             made
             acquainted
             with
             the
             Objections
             the
             King
             thought
             fit
             to
             make
             against
             the
             Practicableness
             of
             the
             Invention
             ;
             which
             (
             tho
             a
             private
             Man
             had
             urg'd
             them
             )
             I
             should
             think
             the
             moll
             Judicious
             that
             have
             been
             fram'd
             against
             it
             ;
             I
             humbly
             presented
             to
             him
             ,
             that
             I
             look't
             upon
             this
             Invention
             as
             comprizing
             two
             differing
             things
             ;
             a
             Mechanical
             part
             ,
             which
             related
             to
             the
             Engine
             it self
             ,
             and
             the
             use
             of
             it
             a
             Ship-board
             ,
             and
             a
             Physical
             part
             ,
             which
             concerns
             
             the
             Potableness
             and
             Wholsomness
             of
             the
             Liquour
             .
             About
             the
             former
             of
             these
             I
             did
             not
             pretend
             to
             clear
             the
             Difficulties
             ,
             especially
             such
             strong
             ones
             ,
             as
             His
             Majesty
             had
             propos'd
             ;
             but
             left
             it
             to
             the
             Patentees
             to
             give
             him
             Satisfaction
             ,
             which
             they
             were
             in
             a
             readiness
             to
             offer
             .
             But
             as
             to
             the
             Wholsomness
             of
             the
             prepar'd
             Water
             ,
             I
             had
             made
             some
             Tryals
             upon
             the
             Liquour
             ,
             which
             gave
             me
             not
             just
             Crounds
             of
             suspecting
             it
             to
             be
             unwholsom
             ,
             but
             several
             Motives
             to
             believe
             it
             well
             condition'd
             and
             of
             great
             use
             to
             Navigators
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             them
             only
             .
             And
             having
             hereupon
             briefly
             acquainted
             His
             Majesty
             with
             the
             chief
             Tryals
             I
             had
             made
             to
             examin
             this
             
               Sweetned
               Water
            
             ,
             He
             was
             pleas'd
             to
             look
             upon
             them
             as
             Satisfactory
             ,
             and
             vouchsafed
             on
             that
             occasion
             to
             Discourse
             ,
             as
             a
             virtuoso
             ,
             of
             the
             Sea
             and
             Brackish-maters
             ,
             and
             gave
             me
             some
             new
             ,
             as
             well
             instructive
             Observations
             about
             them
             :
             and
             in
             conclusion
             ,
             dismiss'd
             the
             Patentees
             with
             a
             Gracious
             Promise
             of
             his
             Royal
             Protection
             ,
             and
             peculiar
             Favour
             .
          
           
             To
             this
             short
             Narrative
             it
             now
             remains
             ,
             that
             I
             briefly
             Subjoyn
             the
             chief
             things
             that
             perswaded
             me
             of
             the
             Salubrity
             of
             this
             Water
             ,
             (
             whence
             may
             be
             justly
             and
             easily
             inferr'd
             ,
             the
             Utility
             the
             Publick
             may
             receive
             by
             a
             cheap
             and
             easie
             way
             of
             preparing
             it
             .
             )
             First
             ,
             then
             I
             consider'd
             that
             almost
             all
             the
             Rain-water
             that
             falls
             from
             the
             Clouds
             on
             the
             Main
             Ocean
             ,
             and
             which
             (
             except
             perhaps
             in
             very
             few
             Places
             in
             Torrid
             Climates
             )
             is
             unquestionably
             receiv'd
             as
             wholsom
             ,
             must
             be
             afforded
             by
             the
             Sea
             ,
             and
             consequently
             
             be
             but
             Sea-water
             freed
             from
             its
             Salt
             ,
             (
             according
             to
             the
             famous
             Motto
             ,
             
               Redit
               Agmine
               dulci.
            
             )
             Next
             I
             found
             ,
             (
             as
             his
             Majesty
             himself
             had
             done
             ,
             )
             that
             the
             Liquour
             was
             well
             tasted
             ,
             and
             without
             any
             sensible
             Brackishness
             ;
             and
             some
             of
             it
             continued
             for
             between
             4
             or
             5
             Months
             in
             a
             large
             Christal
             Bottle
             ,
             that
             I
             purposely
             kept
             unstopt
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             most
             part
             in
             a
             South
             Window
             ,
             where
             it
             neither
             did
             ,
             not
             probably
             in
             a
             long
             time
             ,
             will
             putrifie
             ,
             or
             so
             much
             as
             appear
             troubled
             or
             less
             transparent
             ;
             during
             which
             time
             ,
             it
             was
             with
             Approbation
             tasted
             and
             smell'd
             by
             several
             Learned
             Physicians
             of
             the
             famous
             Colledge
             of
             
               London
               .
               Thirdly
            
             ,
             I
             found
             it
             laver
             very
             well
             ,
             which
             most
             Pump-waters
             ,
             and
             many
             others
             that
             have
             some
             little
             (
             tho
             unperceiv'd
             )
             common
             Salt
             in
             them
             ,
             will
             not
             do
             .
             Fourthly
             ,
             this
             Water
             will
             boyle
             Pease
             tender
             ,
             which
             amongst
             Seamen
             is
             one
             of
             the
             principal
             signs
             of
             good
             Water
             .
             Fifthly
             ,
             In
             very
             good
             Ballances
             ,
             with
             an
             Instrument
             that
             I
             purposely
             caus'd
             to
             be
             made
             for
             the
             nice
             weighing
             of
             Liquours
             ,
             I
             found
             this
             Water
             far
             less
             heavy
             than
             one
             would
             expect
             ;
             for
             if
             it
             differ'd
             at
             all
             in
             weight
             from
             the
             like
             quantity
             of
             undistill'd
             Water
             ,
             (
             I
             speak
             with
             an
             If
             ,
             because
             it
             is
             far
             more
             difficult
             to
             be
             exact
             in
             such
             nice
             Tryals
             ,
             than
             the
             unpractic'd
             will
             imagine
             )
             the
             difference
             was
             not
             considerable
             ,
             being
             but
             one
             part
             in
             400
             ,
             and
             that
             difference
             is
             very
             small
             in
             comparison
             of
             that
             which
             Navigators
             and
             learned
             Authors
             relate
             to
             be
             observable
             in
             natural
             Waters
             ,
             all
             of
             them
             good
             and
             
             potable
             :
             I
             might
             tell
             you
             on
             this
             Occasion
             ,
             that
             the
             last
             Great
             Duke
             of
             Tuscany
             ,
             who
             was
             an
             Eminent
             Virtuoso
             ,
             and
             the
             Patron
             of
             the
             celebrated
             Academy
             of
             the
             
               Lyncean
               Philosophers
            
             ,
             is
             affirm'd
             ,
             among
             other
             prudent
             Courses
             that
             he
             took
             for
             his
             Health
             ,
             whereof
             he
             was
             very
             Sollicitous
             ,
             to
             have
             constantly
             made
             use
             of
             distill'd
             Water
             ,
             when
             he
             us'd
             any
             Water
             ,
             for
             his
             own
             Drinking
             .
             And
             I
             could
             add
             other
             things
             favourable
             enough
             to
             the
             
               Patentees
               Water
            
             ,
             if
             Haste
             ,
             and
             perhaps
             Discretion
             too
             ,
             did
             not
             oblige
             me
             to
             leave
             them
             yet
             unmention'd
             ,
             that
             I
             might
             now
             have
             time
             to
             say
             somewhat
             of
             the
             main
             thing
             of
             all
             that
             convinced
             me
             of
             the
             Saltlessness
             of
             the
             
               Water
               I
            
             speak
             of
             .
             I
             consider'd
             then
             ,
             Sixthly
             ,
             that
             the
             thing
             that
             was
             aim'd
             at
             by
             those
             ingenious
             men
             ,
             that
             at
             differing
             times
             ,
             and
             in
             several
             Countries
             have
             attempted
             to
             make
             Sea-water
             sweet
             ,
             and
             the
             thing
             that
             was
             requir'd
             by
             proposing
             Recompences
             ,
             or
             otherwise
             to
             encourage
             the
             Makers
             of
             such
             Attempts
             ,
             was
             to
             free
             the
             Sea-water
             from
             the
             Brackishness
             without
             any
             noxious
             Additament
             :
             so
             that
             on
             all
             sides
             it
             was
             taken
             for
             granted
             ,
             that
             the
             only
             thing
             that
             kept
             the
             Sea-water
             from
             being
             safely
             Potable
             ,
             was
             its
             Brackishness
             .
             From
             which
             reflection
             it
             was
             natural
             for
             Me
             to
             infer
             a
             Condition
             very
             favourable
             to
             our
             prepar'd
             Water
             .
             For
             having
             long
             since
             written
             a
             short
             Discourse
             of
             the
             Saltness
             of
             the
             Sea
             ;
             I
             had
             been
             industrious
             to
             devise
             ways
             of
             comparing
             Waters
             in
             point
             of
             Brackishness
             .
             And
             by
             these
             I
             found
             the
             
             Patentees
             water
             to
             be
             more
             free
             from
             Common-salt
             than
             Waters
             that
             are
             usually
             drunk
             herein
             London
             ,
             of
             which
             I
             remember
             I
             shewed
             those
             Gentlemen
             an
             experiment
             that
             surpriz'd
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             convinc'd
             them
             .
             And
             that
             which
             more
             satisfi'd
             me
             myself
             ,
             was
             a
             Tryal
             that
             I
             carefully
             made
             ,
             by
             a
             way
             ,
             which
             having
             mention'd
             ,
             but
             not
             yet
             (
             for
             want
             of
             opportunity
             )
             disclos'd
             to
             His
             Majesty
             ,
             the
             Respect
             I
             owe
             Him
             forbids
             me
             to
             impart
             without
             His
             leave
             :
             On
             which
             account
             I
             hope
             you
             'll
             be
             content
             to
             be
             at
             present
             assur'd
             of
             these
             two
             Things
             ;
             One
             ,
             that
             by
             this
             way
             of
             Tryal
             ,
             I
             found
             ,
             (
             what
             possibly
             you
             will
             think
             strange
             ;
             )
             that
             if
             there
             were
             in
             Water
             ,
             so
             much
             as
             one
             Grain
             of
             Salt
             ,
             in
             above
             two
             Ounces
             of
             Water
             I
             could
             readily
             discover
             it
             :
             The
             other
             ,
             that
             even
             by
             this
             critical
             Examen
             ,
             I
             could
             not
             detect
             so
             much
             as
             a
             thousandth
             part
             of
             Salt
             in
             Our
             Prepar'd
             Water
             ;
             whereas
             I
             found
             by
             Tryals
             purposely
             and
             carefully
             made
             ,
             that
             our
             English
             Sea-water
             contain'd
             a
             44
             ,
             or
             45th
             part
             of
             good
             dry
             Salt
             ;
             or
             ,
             which
             is
             all
             one
             ,
             that
             44
             Pints
             ,
             or
             near
             so
             many
             Pounds
             of
             Marine
             Water
             ,
             would
             yield
             about
             one
             Pound
             of
             dry
             Common-Salt
             .
          
           
             Thus
             Sir
             ,
             you
             have
             a
             short
             and
             Art-less
             Account
             ,
             such
             as
             my
             haste
             will
             permit
             ,
             and
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             Subject
             requires
             ,
             of
             my
             Part
             in
             promoting
             this
             prositabl
             Invention
             ;
             to
             which
             I
             own
             my self
             a
             great
             well-wisher
             ,
             not
             out
             of
             any
             private
             Interest
             (
             tho
             that
             was
             obligingly
             proffer'd
             me
             by
             the
             Patentees
             ,
             )
             but
             as
             I
             think
             the
             bringing
             it
             into
             general
             use
             ,
             may
             prove
             a
             real
             Service
             to
             Mankind
             ,
             upon
             the
             
             Score
             of
             divers
             Utilities
             and
             Advantages
             ,
             which
             yet
             ,
             (
             tho
             I
             had
             leisure
             ,
             )
             I
             should
             think
             very
             needless
             to
             enumerate
             to
             so
             discerning
             a
             Person
             as
             Dr.
             B.
             to
             whom
             I
             shall
             therefore
             hasten
             to
             subscribe
             my self
             ,
          
           
             
               SIR
               ,
            
             A
             very
             Affectionate
             Friend
             ,
             and
             Humble
             Servant
             ,
             
               R.
               BOYLE
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             AFter
             so
             many
             forcible
             and
             convincing
             Testimonies
             in
             favour
             of
             this
             great
             Design
             ,
             I
             shall
             make
             an
             Addition
             of
             the
             Approbation
             of
             His
             Majesty
             of
             
               Great
               Brittain
            
             ;
             who
             ,
             after
             the
             publication
             of
             the
             first
             Impression
             ,
             having
             seen
             the
             convincing
             Proofs
             of
             the
             healthful
             Quality
             of
             this
             Water
             ,
             hath
             resolv'd
             to
             have
             the
             same
             to
             be
             made
             use
             of
             in
             all
             his
             Sea-Port
             Garrisons
             ;
             The
             which
             he
             caused
             to
             be
             published
             by
             express
             Order
             ,
             in
             several
             Gazetts
             ,
             and
             particularly
             in
             that
             of
             
               Munday
               ,
               Novemb.
            
             5.
             1683.
             
          
           
             
             
               An
               ABSTRACT
               out
               of
               the
               Gazette
               ,
               Numb
               .
               1676.
               
            
             
               HIS
               Majesty
               was
               pleas'd
               to
               Command
               the
               Honourable
               Mr.
               
               Boyle
               to
               attend
               Him
               ,
               to
               give
               His
               Majesty
               an
               Ocular
               Proof
               of
               the
               Nicety
               of
               his
               way
               of
               examining
               the
               freshness
               and
               saltness
               of
               Water
               ,
               and
               to
               apply
               it
               to
               the
               Sea-Water
               ,
               prepar'd
               according
               to
               the
               Patentees
               Invention
               ;
               which
               being
               done
               before
               His
               Majesty
               ,
               his
               Royal
               Highness
               ,
               and
               the
               Duke
               of
               Grafton
               ,
               several
               Persons
               or
               Quality
               being
               also
               present
               ,
               it
               was
               made
               apparent
               ,
               by
               a
               certain
               prepar'd
               Liquid
               which
               Mr.
               Boyle
               had
               brought
               with
               him
               ,
               that
               a
               Discovery
               could
               be
               made
               if
               there
               were
               so
               much
               as
               a
               thousandth
               pare
               of
               Salt
               in
               a
               propos'd
               Water
               :
               By
               which
               Trval
               His
               Majesty
               ,
               finding
               that
               the
               Prepar'd
               Sea-Water
               ,
               for
               which
               he
               has
               granted
               his
               Royal
               Patent
               ,
               was
               at
               least
               as
               free
               from
               Salt
               as
               the
               best
               Waters
               used
               in
               this
               Town
               :
               received
               such
               Satisfaction
               as
               to
               the
               wholsomness
               of
               the
               said
               Water
               ,
               that
               He
               was
               pleased
               to
               declare
               his
               Royal
               Intentions
               both
               to
               encourage
               the
               said
               Invention
               ,
               and
               to
               have
               the
               said
               Water
               made
               use
               of
               in
               his
               several
               Maritime
               Garrisons
               ,
               which
               Nature
               has
               not
               furnished
               with
               wholsom
               Water
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             A
             Copy
             of
             a
             Letter
             from
             Captain
             Macdonnel
             ,
             from
             aboard
             his
             Majesties
             Ship
             the
             Greybound
             ,
             near
             the
             Coast
             of
             Spain
             ,
             to
             one
             of
             the
             Patentees
             of
             Sea-Water
             .
          
           
             
               SIR
               ,
            
          
           
             FOR
             these
             Four
             Months
             past
             ,
             I
             kept
             your
             Sea-water
             (
             for
             its
             better
             Tryal
             )
             Buried
             in
             my
             Ships
             Hold
             ,
             where
             ,
             had
             it
             not
             been
             extraordinary
             good
             ,
             it
             must
             infallibly
             have
             been
             of
             no
             use
             ,
             and
             offensive
             ,
             but
             I
             'll
             assure
             you
             it
             prov'd
             quite
             contrary
             ;
             for
             yesterday
             ,
             having
             several
             both
             of
             Sea
             and
             Land
             Officers
             on
             board
             for
             me
             ,
             I
             made
             them
             insensibly
             taste
             of
             your
             Water
             ,
             which
             I
             pretended
             to
             be
             from
             a
             Spring
             I
             watered
             my
             Ship
             at
             ,
             Ten
             Leagues
             to
             the
             Southward
             of
             Sallie
             ;
             they
             all
             affirm'd
             it
             to
             be
             as
             good
             as
             Tangier
             Water
             ,
             the
             very
             best
             counted
             in
             the
             Streights
             ,
             but
             when
             I
             discovered
             the
             Water
             to
             be
             yours
             ,
             they
             hardly
             would
             give
             it
             Credit
             ,
             and
             approv'd
             of
             it
             (
             as
             really
             it
             is
             ,
             as
             good
             as
             can
             be
             drank
             )
             which
             they
             desired
             me
             to
             let
             you
             know
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Novemb.
                 3.
                 1683.
                 
              
            
             I
             am
             
               Your
               Humble
               Servant
               Rand.
               Macdonnel
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             Extremity
             of
             the
             last
             Winter
             having
             occasioned
             the
             loss
             of
             the
             President
             ,
             a
             Rich
             East-India
             Ship
             ,
             and
             many
             other
             of
             His
             Majesties
             Ship
             and
             Subjects
             to
             perish
             for
             want
             of
             Provision
             and
             Fresh-Water
             at
             Sea
             ,
             His
             Majesty
             ,
             for
             prevention
             of
             the
             like
             Misfortune
             ,
             was
             pleased
             to
             Order
             the
             following
             Advice
             to
             be
             inserted
             in
             the
             Gazette
             of
             March
             6.
             1683.
             
          
        
         
           
           
             White-Hall
             ,
             
               Feb.
               28.
               
            
          
           
             HIS
             Majesty
             having
             heard
             several
             Relations
             of
             die
             great
             Distress
             some
             of
             his
             Subjects
             have
             lately
             been
             in
             at
             Sea
             for
             want
             of
             fresh
             Water
             ,
             hath
             been
             pleased
             for
             their
             Relief
             in
             such
             Cases
             ,
             to
             command
             the
             Patentees
             for
             the
             new
             Invention
             of
             making
             Sea-water
             Fresh
             ,
             to
             give
             the
             most
             publick
             notice
             they
             can
             of
             the
             Usefulness
             of
             the
             said
             Invention
             ,
             of
             which
             his
             Majesty
             has
             received
             so
             great
             satisfaction
             ,
             that
             his
             Majesty
             is
             pleased
             that
             those
             Instruments
             shall
             be
             provided
             for
             his
             Ships
             and
             Garrisons
             ,
             where
             they
             ate
             not
             naturally
             provided
             with
             good
             Water
             .
             And
             in
             obedience
             to
             His
             Majesties
             Order
             ,
             the
             Patentees
             do
             hereby
             give
             notice
             ,
             That
             two
             Treatises
             have
             been
             written
             on
             this
             subject
             ,
             which
             may
             be
             had
             at
             the
             Ship
             against
             the
             
               Royal
               Exchange
            
             ,
             and
             at
             the
             Marine
             Coffee
             house
             ,
             whereunto
             all
             Persons
             are
             referred
             for
             more
             particular
             Information
             ;
             in
             which
             the
             great
             benefit
             and
             many
             Conveniences
             of
             this
             Invention
             ,
             the
             casiness
             ,
             both
             as
             to
             the
             Trouble
             and
             Expence
             ,
             of
             making
             the
             Salt
             Water
             fresh
             ,
             and
             the
             Wholsomness
             thereof
             ,
             is
             clearly
             demonstrated
             by
             the
             Testimony
             of
             many
             Eminent
             Physicians
             .
             To
             which
             is
             added
             ,
             a
             Letter
             written
             by
             the
             Honourable
             Mr.
             Boyle
             ,
             by
             which
             he
             
             assures
             the
             Wholsomness
             ,
             Durableness
             ,
             and
             Sweetness
             of
             this
             Water
             .
             And
             a
             Letter
             from
             Captain
             
               Rand.
               Macdonnel
            
             ,
             of
             the
             third
             of
             November
             1683.
             from
             on
             Board
             the
             Grey-hound
             Frigat
             ,
             near
             the
             Coast
             of
             Spain
             ;
             wherein
             he
             affirms
             ,
             that
             he
             kept
             of
             the
             Patentees
             Water
             ,
             some
             that
             was
             given
             him
             ,
             in
             his
             Ships
             Hold
             ,
             from
             his
             leaving
             England
             ,
             being
             four
             Months
             ,
             and
             then
             having
             several
             Officers
             on
             Board
             him
             ,
             gave
             them
             a
             taste
             of
             it
             ,
             pretending
             it
             to
             be
             of
             the
             Spring
             near
             Sally
             ,
             where
             he
             had
             watered
             ,
             and
             which
             is
             as
             good
             as
             the
             best
             in
             the
             Streights
             ,
             and
             they
             drank
             of
             it
             as
             such
             ,
             till
             he
             discovered
             what
             it
             was
             ;
             and
             then
             they
             approved
             of
             it
             to
             be
             as
             good
             as
             could
             be
             drank
             .
          
           
             FINIS
             .
          
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A39594-e350
           
             White-Hall
             Novemb.
             2.
             1683.