The Vniversity of Oxfords plea refuted, or, A full answer to a late printed paper intituled, The priviledges of the University of Oxford in point of visitation together with the universities answer to the summons of the visitors ... / by William Prynne, Esq. ... Prynne, William, 1600-1669. This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A56225 of text R5306 in the English Short Title Catalog (Wing P4121). Textual changes and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life. The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish. This text has not been fully proofread Approx. 156 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 35 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. EarlyPrint Project Evanston,IL, Notre Dame, IN, St. Louis, MO 2017 A56225 Wing P4121 ESTC R5306 12378281 ocm 12378281 60652 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A56225) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 60652) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 223:14) The Vniversity of Oxfords plea refuted, or, A full answer to a late printed paper intituled, The priviledges of the University of Oxford in point of visitation together with the universities answer to the summons of the visitors ... / by William Prynne, Esq. ... Prynne, William, 1600-1669. Allestree, Richard, 1619-1681. Fell, John, 1625-1686. Langbaine, Gerard, 1609-1658. Waring, Robert, 1614-1658. [2], 64 p. Printed by T.B. for Michael Spark ..., London : 1647. The authorship of The priviledges of the University of Oxford in point of visitation has been variously attributed to Richard Allestree, John Fell, and Gerard Langbaine. Robert Waring claimed the authorship himself. Cf. Madan. Errata: p. 64. Reproduction of original in Yale University Library. eng University of Oxford. Priviledges of the University of Oxford in point of visitation. A56225 R5306 (Wing P4121). civilwar no The Vniversity of Oxfords plea refuted. Or, A full answer to a late printed paper, intituled, The priviledges of the Vniversity of Oxford in Prynne, William 1647 24389 286 0 0 0 0 0 117 F The rate of 117 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the F category of texts with 100 or more defects per 10,000 words. 2002-03 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2002-05 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2002-06 Kirk Davis Sampled and proofread 2002-06 Kirk Davis Text and markup reviewed and edited 2002-07 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion THE Vniversity of OXFORDS Plea refuted . OR , A full ANSWER to a late printed Paper , Intituled , The Priviledges of the Vniversity of Oxford in point of Visitation : Together with , the Vniversities Answer to the Summons of the Visitors . Manifesting the Vanity and Falsity of this pretended Vniversity Priviledge and Plea to the Visitors Jurisdiction ; That the right of Visiting the Vniversity of Oxford is onely in the Kings Majestie , and that it is exempt from all other Iurisdiction by its Foundation , Prescription , and severall Grants of Exemption . And insufficiency of all the Allegations and Authorities produced to support it . Published for the information of the Iudgements , and satisfaction of the consciences of all ingenuous Members of that Vniversitie , who onely out of Ignorance or Error , not Obstinacy or Malignity , have demurred to the Iurisdiction of the Visitors thereof , though appointed , authorized by Ordinance of Parliament , and Commission under the Great Seal of England . By William Prynne , Esq one of the said Visitors Prov. 19. 20. Heare Counsell , and receive Instruction , that thou maist he wise in in thy latter end . London , Printed by T. B. for Michael Spark , 1647. ROBERT : DAVIES of ILannerch● Denbighshire● The Vniversity of OXFORDS Plea refuted . THE ingenuous Answer of some of the Doctors , and both the Proctors of my Mother-University of Oxford , to the honourable standing Committee of Lords and Commons for its regulation , on the 16. of this instant November , ( before whom they were then personally convented , for demurring to the jurisdiction of the Visitors appointed them by both houses of Parliament ) to this effect : That they did in their former papers presented by the Proctors , October 8. by way of petition , onely represent their sense of their own priviledges , and their Obligations ( as they conceived ) by divers oaths for the maintaining of them , without circumscribing or limiting , much lesse denying or contemning the authority of the Lords and Commons , but purposely avoyding ( as still they did desire to avoyd ) all questions of so high and transcendent a nature ; it being possible that they might be in an errour , and yet to be obliged in conscience , not to do otherwise then they have done , till they are convinced of that errour . And therefore humbly d●sired convenient time to advise with councell , more fully to inform themselves , in a case so extraordinary , and of so great concernment , not onely to themselves , but to the whole Vniversity in present , and in future , &c. enduced me , not onely then to move this honourable Committee , that the University and they might be fully heard by their Counsel on a convenient day , to alledge whatever they could , both in maintainance of their respective Answers delivered in under their hands to some of the Visitors , and then by them there acknowledged , which was accordingly ordered in their favour ; But likewise to borrow some time from my other employments , to examine and refute all those pretended University priviledges , and false allegations to support them , in a Letter lately printed at Oxford ( by the Universities approbation , if I am not misinformed ) entituled , The Priviledges of the Vniversity of OXFORD in point of Visitation , &c. ( which hath seduced many to dispute and disobey the Visitors power ; ) wherein the substance of all their Objections against the Visitors jurisdiction in point of law or conscience , are comprised ; that so I might in a University way , by strength of argument and evidence , not by power and force , inform the misguided judgments , and satisfie the erronious consciences of all such members of this University , liable to our visitation , whose obstinacy or malignity shall not render them altogether incapable of better instruction , and consequently of any hopes of commiseration or pardon for their contumacy . I● is not my design in this summary Discourse , to enter into any large debate of the Sovereign power of both houses of Parliament , whose supream jurisdiction to visit , punish ; reform all abuses and corruptions in the Kings own Court , in the highest Courts of Justice , the greatest Officers of State , and in all Corporations and Societies of men whatsoever , within this Realm , I have largely vindicated in a other Treatises , seeing the University it self , and the parties convented , do willingly wave this dangerous Dispute , as fatall and destructive to them , if positively insisted on ; but onely to demonstrate to them the vanity and falsity of this their pretended Priviledge they peremptorily assert , and principally rely on , as their lawfull Inheritance and Birth-right , which they are obliged by oath and duty to maintain . That the right of visiting the Vniversity of Oxford is onely in the Kings Majesty , and that it is exempt from all other jurisdiction , both by foundation , prescription , and severall grants of exemption . This their claim and assertion , I shall irrefragably falsifie and refute by Histories and Records , which cleerly evidence ; First , That the University of Oxford was anciently of right for many ages , under the jurisdiction , if not visitation of the Bishop of Lincoln , as he was their Diocesan . Secondly , that it was anciently of right , and so continued till this Parliament , under the visitation & jurisdiction of the Archbishops of Canterbury as Metropolitanes ( who have frequently visited this University and Cambridge too ) as being within their Province , and have been acknowledged and adjudged by King Richard the second , King Henry the fourth , and an whole Parliament in his reign , and by King Charles himself , upon solemn debate , to be lawfull Visitors of it , de jure . And that these three Kings , and the Parliament of 13. H. 4. have by their Charters and Votes absolutely disclaimed the King's sole right of visiting the Universities , and alwayes resolved the contrary , when the Universities for their own ends have set it on foot , and laid claim unto it : no King of England before Henry the eight , ever visiting either of the Universities , for ought appears by any authentick Records . Thirdly , That the Pope by his Legat hath visited both Universities , without resistance , or any Plea put in to his jurisdiction , no longer since then Q. Maries reign ; and that the Universities are subject to their Chancellours jurisdiction and visitation too , by their own conffessions . Fourthly , That most particular Colledges and Hals in both Universities , as Colledges , Hals and Members of the University● have their particular Visitors appointed by the founders , to whose visitation and jurisdiction they are subject , and not to the King's alone . Fiftly , That their pretended grants of exemption were procured onely from Popes , not from the Kings of England ; that our Kings themselves & one Parliament , have damned them , as derogatory to the King's Prerogative , even in times of Popery , and the Vniversity it self disclaimed and renounced , them both before the King , and in full Convocation , as a grievance , not a priviledge , obtained against their wils , and without their privity , to their prejudice . When I have made good these positions , the whole University and their Delegates ( if not stupendiously obstinate ) must necessarily retract this their Plea as false and nugatory , and disclaim their imaginary Priviledge . For the first of these , it is as cleer as the noon● day Sun , that the University of Oxford was under the jurisdiction , if not visitation of the Bishops of Lincoln , as being their Diocesans : First , by the very Buls of Pope a Boniface the eight , and b Sixtus the fourth , cited in the third page of the Priviledges of the Vniversity of Oxford in poynt of Visitation ; in expresse termes exempting the University , ab omni jurisdictione Episcopali & a Visitatione : which needed no such exemption by two successive Popes , from the Bishops jurisdiction and visitation , if the University ( founded many hundred yeers before these Buls were granted ) had never been subject to , but exempted from it by foundation and prescription too , as is pretended ; it being then a meer superfluity for these Popes to grant , or the University to embrace , as a special priviledge and indulged favor . Next , by these ensuing cleer Historical passages : c Matthew Paris in anno dom . 1257. pag. 915 , 916. writes thus concerning the Bishop of Lincolns and University of Oxford's contest then happening between them about his jurisdiction and the Universities priviledges , which he endeavoured to infringe in the generall , without specifying the particulars , which difference was referred to the Parliament then at hand to determine . Eodem tempore , videlicet septimo idus Martii , venerunt ad sanctum Albanum quidam Magistri Oxoniae , circitèr novem Artistle , q●i querula voce coram Rege , in Capella Sancti Oswini reposuerunt querimoniam de Episcopo Lincolniensi , qui contra Statuta Universitatis antiqua & approbaca , nitebatur libertates Scholarium eneruare : & statutus est dies responsionis ad instans magnum Parliamentum , ut auditis partium rationibus , pacificarentur , &c. a Henry Lexinton was then Bishop of Lincoln . What the Parliament ( here made the proper Judge of the Universities priviledges by the Kings own referēce ) determined in this cōtroversie , or what the priviledges cōtroverted were , I find not in any Historian or Record : but certain it is , they determined nought against the Bishops jurisdiction over the University of Oxford , who had the better cause and right ; as appears by this passage of Matthew Parker , in his b Antiqu. Ecclesiae Brit. p. 204. in the life of Iohn Peckam , anno 1287. Hoc etiam tempore lis quaedam inter . Lincolniensem Episcopum & Universitat●m Oxon , aliquot innis de jurisdictione Episcopi in Scholares Universitatis agitata est . In qua Joannis Cantuariensis , cum SCHOLARIVM CAVSAM VACILLARE , NEC IVRA STARE POSSE intellexerat , Scholaribus rescripsit ; si in Jure contenderent , VINCI EOS ET SVPERARI NECESSE ESSE ; praesertim cùm his quibus uterentur Privilegiis A IURISDICTIONE EPISCOPALI IVRE COMMVNI STABILITA , EXIMI NEQVAQVAM POTVISSENT : c Oliver Sutton was then Bishop of Lincoln . Upon this advice , it seems the University submitted to the Bishop of Lincoln's jurisdiction , as their Diocesan , so far as to present their Chancellour to him for his approbation and confirmation ; as is evident by this History , recorded in Antiq. Eccles. Brit. p. 268. Anno 1350. Oxoniensis Universitatis Scholares Cancellarium suum , quendam Willihelmum de Palmorna elegerunt : Qui cùm ad Lincolniensem Episcopum , in cujus Diocaesi tunc ste●i● Oxonium confirmandus venisset , crebris procrastinationibus in aliud temporis ab Episcopo rejectus est : Id tàm Universitas Oxonien●is quàm ipse Cancella●ius electus indignè tulit . Qui facti querela coram A●●chiepiscopo ( Simone Islippe ) declarata , ab eo opem & remedium ad tam diutinam & voluntariam sine causa tollendam moram , petierunt . Archiepiscopus edicto Lincolniensi praecepit , Ut Cancellarium electum die quodam statuto confirmaret , aut coràm se compareret , dicturus causam , cur admitti & confirmari non debeat . Interea Archiepiscopus causam Johanni Coulton Cancellario suo , & Ecclesiae Cathedralis Wellensis Decano commisit . Die statuto aderant Cancellarius electus , & Oxoniensis Universitatis procuratores , qui confirmationem & consecrationem instanter petierunt ; Lincolniensis autem Episcopus non comparuit : in cujus absentis contumaciam Cantuariensis Cancellarius in negotio electionis legitimè procedens , eam legitimè ritèque celebratam , ac canonicam esse pronunciavit . Quo facto Archiepiscopus Cancellarium confirmavit , & eundem ad Universitatem Oxoniensem regendam admisit ; gregique Scholarium scripsit , ut ei jam admisso juxta Universitatis jura ac statuta obtemperent atque pareant . Ab hac admissione Lincolniensis Episcopus privilegie suo antedictó ( ut se suosque papali privilegio , quod Avinione à Papa Clemente magnis muneribus impetravit , ab hujus Archiepiscopi jurisdictione defenderet ) fretus , ad Papam appellavit . Archiepiscopus antem rejecta appellatione , eum ut suae jurisdictionis & Archiepiscopalis authoritatis contemptorem , ad sui tribunal vocavit , & non accedentis proterviam interdictis Ecclesiasticis in ejus terras praediaque latis mulc●avit : multa deinceps in hac lite coram Papa agitanda controversa sunt , in quibus Lincolniensis revocato suo privilegio a Cantuariensi victus succubuit . This great Contest happened in the time of Iohn Synwell Bishop of Lincoln , as d Godwin ( who relates it too ) informs us ; adding , That the Pope also granted at the same time unto the University , that the Chancellour should be onely elected by the Schollers themselves , and so presently authorized to govern them , without the admission of any other . But this I conceive is a cleer mistake ; for Matthew Parker ( out of whom he relates it ) records , That this exemption of the University of Oxford from the Bishop of Lincoln's jurisdiction , was procured by the intercession of William Wittlesey Archbishop of Canterbury , about the yeer 1375. ( and that from another Pope , not Clement but Vrban , some 25. yeers after this contestation ) which he thus expresseth , Antiqu. Eccles. Brit. p. 283. Hujus Archiepiscopi intercessione atque gratia Oxoniensis Academia à jurisdictione Lincolniensis Episcopi , per Urbanum Papam quintum EXEMPTAEST : & tàm libera potestas Cancellarium suum eligendi ●acta Scholaribus ut Cancellarius sine admissione quacunque simulatque electus sit magistratum inire atque gerere possit . An undeniable evidence , that till this Papall exemption procured , the University and Chancellour of Oxford were under the Bishops of Lincol●ns jurisdiction , as their Diocesans . After this , Thomas Hyndeman Chancellour of the University of Oxford , and Nicholas Faux his Commissary , procuring another exemption from the Pope [ BONIFACE the eighth , as some affirm ] of this University and the Schollers in it , both from Archiepiscopal and EPISCOPAL JURISDICTION ; the Schollers , and Doctors of Oxford complained of it to Archbishop Arundel , and the whole Convocation at London in the yeer 1396. and there openly renounced it , as non mod● in Metropolitani & ORDINARII , sed & ipsius Vniversitatis praejudicium atque gravamen : Whereupon it was damned by the whole Convocation ( as you may read at large in Antiqu. Eccles. Brit. p. 304 ) and likewise by King Richard the second , in the twentieth , and by Henry the fourth , and the Lords and Commons in Parliament in the 13th yeer of his reign : ( of which more anon : ) whereby the Bishop of Lincoln's jurisdiction over the University of Oxford was not onely acknowledged and revived , but likewise submitted to by the whole University of Oxford ; and this exemption from it by Popes Buls onely , declared to be a prejudice and grievance to the University it self , and the Bishop too : whose jurisdiction thus revived , was never afterwards impeached or abrogated by any subsequent Buls or Patents I can meet with , but continued its vigor till the erection of the Bishoprick of Oxford out of Lincoln by Act of Parliament , and Letters Patents of King Henry the eighth , in the yeer 1541. which abolished the Bishop of Lincoln's power , and translated this part of his Diocesse to the Bishop of Oxford , as the Patents of 33. & 37. H. 8 to the Bishop of Oxford demonstrate . In fine , Richard Flemming Bishop of Lincoln , in the yeer 1430 founded Lincoln Colledge in Oxford , and William Smith Bishop of Lincoln , anno 1513. founded Brasenose Colledge in Oxford ; of both which Colledges ( though members of the University ) and of some others , he and his Successors continued Visitors till this present Parliament . By all these evidences , I humbly conceive I have sufficiently fortified my first position , That the University of Oxford was subject to the jurisdiction , if not visitation of the Bishops of Lincoln ( as the University of Cambridge was to the Bishops of Ely , which I can fully evidence , were it pertinent ) and refuted the Universities and their Delegates false plea , That the right of visiting the Vniversity of Oxford is onely in the King's Majesty , and that it is exempt from all other jurisdiction , by its foundation , prescription , and severall grants of exemption . I shall now proceed to the proof of my second position , touching the Archbishops of Canterburies right & jurisdiction to visit the University of Oxford ( and Cambridge too ) as Metropolitans , being scituated within their province , by History , Records , and our Kings avowing of this their right , and disclaiming their own ONELY OR SOLE RIGHT TO VISIT THE UNIVERSITIES ; wherein I shall make use of non● bu● punctuall authorities . Godwin in his Catalogue of English Bishops p. 74. writes thus of Robert Kilwardly Archbishop of Canterbury ; That ( in the yeer 1278. ) he visited all his Province , and BOTH THE VNIVERSITIES ; in which he disputed excellently , and shewed himself in divers kinds of exercise . And Matthew Parker in his Ant. Eccles. Brit. p. 198. records of him , Totam Cantuar. Provinciam visitationis jure peragravit ; In hac VISITATIONE ACADEMIAS IPSAS METROPOLITICA AVTHORITATE INGRESSVS EST ; ( and that without any opposition or demurrer to his jurisdiction , for ought appeareth : ) & Oxonii in Scholis , non modò de Theologia , sed de Philosophia atque Logica argutè disp●tavit . In quibus artibus multas Oxoniensium opiniones & sententias tanquam minus probabiles reprehendit atque refellit . His next Successor Iohn Peckam , anno 1288. visited the University of Oxford by his Metropolitical right , without any resistance or dispute , Antiqu. Ecclef . Brit. p. 204. Ipseque perlustrata reliqua Provincia OXONIENSEM ACADEMIAM IURE METROPOLITICO VISIT ATVRVS ADLIT : In qua visitatione , quasdam philosophicas opiniones , quos errores , & a Roberto Kylwarby ante reprehens●s docuit , tanquam Haereses & à fide Christianâ abhorrentes è suggestu Latinè refellit . Simon Islippe Archbishop of Canterbury anno 1350. received an Appeal from the Chancellour-elect and Proctors of Oxford against the Bishop of Lincoln , who refused to admit and conform William Palmorin , whom they had elected and presented to him for their Chancellour ; upon whose default , he admitted and approved of his election , confirmed him in his Office , and wrote to the Schollers of the Vniversity to submit unto and obey him , according to the lawes and statutes of the Vniversity , as Antiq. Eccles. Brit. p. 258. and Godwin in his Catalogue of Bishops , p. 95. affirm , and * I have formerly manifested more at large : A pregnant evidence of his Metropolitical jurisdiction both over the Chancellour and University . Anno 1390. William Courtney Archbishop of Canterbury ( as Antiqu. Eccles. Brit. p. 302. informe us ) Visitationem totius Provinciae suscepit : and being strongly opposed by the Bishops of Exeter and Sarisbury , whom he enforced to cry peccavi , and to submit to his visitation at last ; reliquas tunc Diocaeses sine molestia visitavit : In Lincolniensi solummodo a visitatione quorundam Monachorum , gratia & intercessione Abbatis Albanensis , OXONII cessavit : ( visiting all the rest of the University . ) Ita visitatione peracta aliquantulum cessavit . And in the Register of Archbishop Arundel , fol. 46. the Doctors , Batchelours and Schollers of the University of Oxford , in their Articles exhibited against their Chancellour and Vice-chancellour , to Archbishop Arundel and the Convocation of the Clergy , recite and make this honourable mention of this Archbishop Courtney's visitation of the University ( where he was joyfully received without the least oppositiō , though forcibly resisted in other places ) Quod dictus Archiepiscopus IPSAM VNIVERSITATEM TAM IN CAPITE QVAM IN MEMBRIS , plura gravamina revocando , crimina corrigendo , excessus reformando , diversas personas ab act : scholasticis suspendendo , AVTHORITATE SVA METROPOLITICA VISITAVIT . These three Archbishops having visited the University of Oxford ( and Cambridge too ) in their Metropolitical visitations without the least contest or opposition ; Thomas Hyndeman their Chancellour , and Nicholas Faux his Commissary , without the Universities and Schollers consents , procured a Bull from the Pope , to exempt themselves , together with the University , Colledges and Schollers in it , from all Archiepiscopal and Episcopal jurisdiction and visitation : Whereupon Thomas Arundel Archbishop of Canterbury , intending to visit the University ( as his Predecessors had done ) in the yeer of our Lord 1396. was opposed by the Chancellour and Vice-Chancellour , who pleaded the self same plea against this Archbishops visitation , as the Universities Delegates and Doctors do now against the Visitors appointed by Ordinance of Parliament , and Commission under the great Seal ; namely , That the visitation of the Vniversity of Oxford , as a Vniversity , belonged onely and solely to the King , and not to the Archbishop , or any other : and that the Vniversity and Schollers in it , were by the Popes own Bull exempted from the Archbishops and Bishops jurisdiction and visitation . Whereupon the Doctors , Proctors and Schollers of the University complained to Archbishop Arundel and the Convocation against the Chancellour and Vice-Chancellour for procuring this Bull , which they renounced , and the Convocation then damned ; and the whole matter comming afterwards before King Richard the second , he disclaimed any such Priviledge and Prerogative of sole visiting the University , as they would fasten on him , acknowledged and ratified the Archbishops and Ordinaries jurisdiction over them , and nulled the Popes Bull of exemption . This is apparent by Archbishop Arundels Register , fol. 46 , 91 , 92. by Archbishop Parkers Register fol. 269. and these ensuing passages in Antiq. Eccles. Brit. transcribed out of it , pag. 304. Anno 1397. Januarii 19. Cleri Synodus Londini convenit . In hac Synodo Scholares Oxonienses quaerelam contra Thomam Hyndeman Universitatis Cancellarium , & Nicholaum Faux ejus Commissarium proposuerunt ; Quod exemptionis jura , quibus ab Archiepiscopali & Episcopali jurisdictione Universitas fiat immunis a Papa impetrassent , non modo in METROPOLITANI & Ordinarii , SED IN IPSIVS VNIVERSITATIS PRAEIVDICIVM ATQVE GRAVAMEN : Quod privilegium SERVITVTIS POTIVS QVAM LIBERTATIS INSTAR ESSE DOCEBANT . Cùm enim anteà si iniquis Cancellarii aut Procancellarii imperiis opprimerentur , aut injuriis afficerentur , appellationibus & Archiepiscopali aequitate subventum eis suit , nunc in unius potestatem redacti , a quo nec permissa esset provocatio , nec superioris jurisdictione possit coerceri , quasi perpetuae servituti subjacerent . Itaque ab Archiepiscopo petierunt , ut QVONIAM SVAM IN EOS IURISDICTIONEM AGNOSCERENT , & antecessoris sui Willielmi Courtney moderationem atque prudentiam CVM ACADEMIAM OXONIENSEM TAM IN CAPITE QVAM IN MEMBRIS VISIT ARET , experti essent , VT EA a Cancellario ejusque Commissario procurata PRIVILEGIA RESCINDRET ; QVIBVS IPSI , interposito ad id Michaele Sergeaux juris utriusque Doctore legitimo procuratore , EXPRESSE ATQVE PUBLICE IN SYNODO RENVNCIARVNT . Eam RENVNCIATIONEM Archiepiscopus RATAM HABVIT , ET EXEMPTIONIS OXONIENSIS PRIVILEGIA IRRITAET IN ANIA IVDICAVIT . Tum Cancellarius quasi furore actus petulanter ac immodestè se abdicavit Magistratu , Synodoque sine venia discessit ; sed Archiepiscopus eum edicto revocavir , ejusque proterviam atque audaciam repressit . In eadem Synodo DOCTORES OXONIENSES quosdam Joannis Wicly●●i opiniones exposuerunt , quas Synodus condemnavit . And pag. 309. anno 1413. Legatis autem ad concilium generale Pisis emissis , ARCHEPISCOPVS in ea Synodo Jura quaedam QUIBVS TAM CANTABRIGIENSIS QVAM OXONIENSIS ACADEMIAE TENERENTVR , condidit ; quoe in publicis constitutionibus continentur ; Nam & RICHARDUS REX , Thomae Arundel Cantuariensi Archiepiscopo , antequàm in exilium iret VTRASQVE ACADEMIAS , ETSI EXEMPTIONEM CLAM A PAPA OBTINVISSENT , SVBIECIT , ET OBTENTA PRIVILEGIA non minus ARCHIEPISCOPALI QVAM REGIAE AVTHORITATI PRAEIVDICIALIA , IDEOQVE RESCINDENDA , DECREVIT . This will yet more evidently and undeniably appear by the Patent of King Richard the second himself , recorded in the Patent-Rols , De anno Vicessimo Richardi secundi , parte 3. Memb. 9. and entred in the Registers of Archbishop Warham , fol. 111. and Archbishop Parker , fol. 269 , which for fuller satisfaction , I shall at large transcribe . Rex omnibus ad quos , &c. falutem . Sciatis quod cum quaedam dissentiones , lites & debatae nuper motae fuerunt & subortae inter Venerabilem Patrem Thomam Archiepiscopum Cantuariensem ex parte una , & Cancellarium Universitatis Oxoniensis , & QUOSDAM ALIOS ( not the whole body or major part ) ejusdem Universitatis ex altera , super ●su & exercitio jurisdictionis & VISITATIONIS dictae UNIVERSITATIS , clamante videlicet prae●ato Archiepiscopo & VENDICANTE JURISDICTIONEM ET VISITATIONEM HUJUSMODI AD IPSUM ET SUCCESSORES SUOS , AC ECCLESIAM SUAM PERTINERE , AC PERTINERE DEBERE , Praedecessoresque suos hujusmodi jurisdictionem ET VISITATIONEM IN UNIVERSITATE PRAEDICTA HABUISSE ET EXERCUISSE . Allegantibusque praefato Cancellario & aliis praedictis ( the very plea in terminis alledged by the Vniversity and their Delegates now ) Visitationem dictae Universitatis ut Universitatis , AD NOS SOLUM ET IN SOLIDUM PERTINERE , ET PERTINERE DEBERE ( the very first time that any such pretence or priviledge was insisted on without any authority or presidēt to back it ; ) Nos volentes hujusmodi dissentiones , lites & debatas , prout Regiae convenit Majestati ( attentis damnis & periculis quae inde verosimiliter evenire possint ) sedare & pacificare , ac pacem , quietem & tranquilitatem inter partes praedictas pro viribus con●overe ; ac considerantes , QUOD VISITATIO HUJUSMODI AD PRAEFATUM ARCHIEPISCOPUM ET SUCCESSORES SUOS , AC ECCLESIAM SUAM PRAEDICTAM DE JURE COMMUNI PERTINET , AC PERTINERE DEBET ; QUODQUE NOS AUT PROGENITORES NOSTRI CANCELLARIUM AC UNIVERSITATEM PRAEDICTAM RETROACTIS TEMPORIBUS MINIME VISITARE CONSUEVIMUS , ( a cleer evidence and fatall judgment against this pretended priviledge and feigned plea , which this King himself in terminis disclaimed , when first invented and alledged : ) Volumus & EX CERTA SCIENTIA DECLARAMUS , Quod VISITATIO Cancellarii & Procuratorum dictae UNIVERSITATIS qui pro tempore fuerint , necnon OMNIUM DOCTORUM , MAGISTRORUM REGENTIUM ET NON REGENTIUM , AC SCOLARIUM EJVSDEM VNIVERSITATIS , QVORVMCVNQVE eorum servientium , aliarum personarum QVARVMCVNQVE cujuscunque status vel conditionis extiterint , libertatibus ant privilegiis dictae Universitatis utentium● se● illis gaudere volentium ; NECNON VNIVERSITATIS PRAEDICTAE ETIAM UT VNIVERSITATIS , AD PRAEFATVM ARCHIEPISCOPVM , SVCCESSORES SVOS , AC ECCLESIAM SVAM PERTINET , ET PERTINERE DEBET , AC PERPETVIS FVTVRIS TEMPORIBVS PERTINEBIT . Salvis Nobis & Haeredibus Nostris omnibus aliis quibus in Vniversitate praedicta Nos & Progenitores Nostri uti consuevimus temporibus retroactis . In cujus , &c. Teste Rege apud Westm. primo die Iunii : Per ipsum Regem . An ancient royal Declaration and judgment in the present Controversie , so full and diametrally opposite against the Vniversities and Delegates present Plea and pretences , that nothing can be replyed thereunto . This Declaration and Resolution of King Richard the 2d , was afterward more fully recited , approved and ratified by King Henry the fourth , and the Lords and Commons in Parliament , as I shall presently manifest in its proper place . Not long after this Declaration and Patent , this Archbishop Thomas Arundel , in the yeer of our Lord 1407. visited the Vniversity of Cambridge , and the Colledges therein , thus summarily expressed by Matthew Parker in his Antiq. Eccles. Brit. p. 308 , 309. Post haec Archiepiscopus Cantabrigiensem Academiam JVRE METROPOLITICO VISITAVIT , multaque Collegiorum statuta ordinavit , pravas consuetudines delevit , facinora Scholarium castigavit , & cum visitationem remisit , omnia quae sibi in visitatione detecta fuerunt , causasque de quibus cognoscere ac inquirere caepit , suae jurisdictioni reservavit . The relaxation of this Metropolitical Visitation was not till Octob. 15. 1404. so as it depended three whole yeers or more , as is apparent by the Register of Arundel , 1. pars , f. 388 wherein the whole forme of his visitation of Cambridge Vniversity and Colledges , being at large recorded , fol. 491 , 492 , 493. it will neither be impertinent nor unprofitable to give you this account thereof , in the words of the Register , fol. 492 , &c. which may serve for a pattern of direction now . Item decimo septimo die mensis Septembris anno domini 1401. idem reverendissimus Pater Archiepiscopus supradictus , visitavit Cancellarium & Vniversitatem Cantabrigiae in domo Congregationis ejusdem Vniversitatis , comparentibus tunc ibidem coram eo Cancellario , a● omnibus & singulis Doctoribus & Magistris regentibus & aliis personis quibuscunque dictae Vniversitatis qui hujusmodi visitationi interesse tenebantur , & deberent de consuetudine vel de jure : & facta deinde collatione , ac proposito verbo Dei , & causis suae visitationis hujusmodi seriosè expositis ; Cancellarius Vniversitatis praedictae certificatorium de & super executione mandati . Sibi pro ipsa visitatione alias directi , coram eodem Reverendissimo Patre tunc ibidem exhibuit , sub eo qui sequitur verborum tenore . Reverendissimo in Christo patri ac Domino , Domino Thomae Dei gratia Cantuariensis Archiepiscopo , totius Angliae primati & Apostolici sedis Legato , ejusve Commissariis quibuscunque , suus humilis & devotus filius Cancellarius Vniversitatis Cantabrigiae , Eliensis Diocaesis , tàm debitam quàm devotam , obedientiam cum omni reverentia & honore debitis tanto Patri mandatum vestrum reverendum nuper recepi , tenorem continens subsequentem . Thomas permissione , &c. Dilecto filio Cancellario Vniversitatis Cantabrigiae , Eliensis Diocaesis , nostrae Provinciae Cantuariensis , salutem , &c. Quia nos in progressu visitationis nostrae Metropoliticae in dicta Diocaesi exercenda , vos & dictam Vniversitatem adjuvante Domino proponimus visitare ; vos tenore praesentium peremptorie Citamus & per vos omnes & singulos Doctores & Magistros regentes , & alias personas quascunque praedictae Vniversitatis qui nostri visitationi hujusmodi interesse tenentur de consuetudine vel de jure , citari volumus & mandamus , quod compareatis & compareant coram nobis in domo Congregationis Vniversitatis praedictae decimoseptimo die mensis Septembris proxime futuri , cum continuatione & prorogatione dierum tunc sequentium , visitationem nostram hujusmodi juxta juris exigentiam subituri , facturique ulterius & recepturi quod Canonicis conveni● institutis : & quid f●ceritis in praemissis nobis dictis die & loco debitè certificetis per literas vestras patentes , hunc tenorem , una cum nominibus & cognominibus omnium & singulorum per vos in hac parte Citatorum in schedula eisdem literis vest is annectenda descriptis habent●s , sigillo vestro consignata : Datum in Manerio nostro de Lambeth 18. die mensis Augusti , anno domini millesimo quadringentesimo primo , & nostrae translationis anno quinto . Cujus auctoritate mandati omnes & singulos doctores & magistros regentes & alias personas quascunque praedictae Vniversitatis tempore receptionis dicti mandati vestri , & nunc in dicta Vniversitate existentes , qui dictae visitationi vestrae hujusmodi interesse tenentur de consuetudine vel de jure personaliter inventos , peremptoriè Citavi , quod compareant coram vobis aut vesti is Commissariis dictis die & loco cum continuatione & prorogatione praedictis visitationem vestram hujusmodi juxta juris exigentiam subituri , facturique ulterius & recepturi quod in ea parte canonicis convenit institutis . Quantum verò ad personam meam , dictis die & loco cum continuatione & prorogatione consimili coram vobis seu vestris Commissariis annuente domino personaliter comparebo facturus humiliter & recepturus quod dictum mandatum vestrum exigit & requirit . Nomina vero & cognomina omnium & singulorum doctorum & magistrorum regentium , & aliarum personarum dictae Vniversitatis quarumcunque per me citatorum in schedula praesentibus annexa continentur : In cujus reitestimonium Sigillum officii mei praesentibus apposui ; Dat. Cantebrigiae quoad sigillationem praesentium . Idib . Septembris anno Domini supradicto . Quo certificatorio tunc ibidem incontinenti perlecto , idem reverendissimus Pater Archiepiscopus supradictus ab eisdem Cancellario , ac Doctoribus , magistris regentibus & personis aliis supradictis , & a singularibus personis eorundem obedientiam recepit canonicam . Et deinde examinavit dictum Cancellarium singulariter ac secret● & sub silentio dictis doctoribus & magistris regentibus & aliis personis supradictis seorsim separatis , super i●●is particulis , videlicet . An statuta & laudabiles consuetu●lines Vniversitatis abamnibus observentur ? Item , an sint aliqui scholares in dicta Vniversitate mandatis & monitionibus dicti Cancellarii obtemperare nolentes ? Item , an sint aliqui pacem & Vnitatem in dicta Vniversitate perturbantes ? Item , an communes cistae & pecuniae ac claves earundem fideliter conserventur ? Item , an Magistri , Doctores Bacchalaurei & scholares debi●è & fideliter perficiant formas suas , & meritis & scientia exigentibus ascendant gradus suos ? Item , an sint aliquae personae & suspectae de Lollardia vel de haeretica pravitate ? Item , si Doctores reputant & disputent publicè in scholis , & quotiens & quando ? Item , si sit numerus sociorum completus in Aulis sive Collegiis dictae Vniversitatis juxta ordinationem & voluntatem fundatorum ? Item , an sint aliqui scholares aliquo notorio crimine irretiti seu infamati , vel non proficientes in studio , aut impedientes alios quo minus proficiant ? Item , qualiter regitur eadem● Vniversitas , videlicet in victualibus & aliis necessariis ? &c. Et examinatus ●uit idem Cancellarius super aliis Articulis etiam in hujusmodi visitatione de jure requisitis . Aliis insuper Doctoribus , Magistris & personis aliis supradictis secundum quod de jure debuerunt secretè , & singulariter examinatis , & eorum dictis & depositis conscriptis in registro , idem reverendissimus Pater singula tunc ibidem successivè exercuit quae in hujusmodi visitatione de jure quomodolibet fuerunt requisita . Item , eodem die reverendissimus Pater per certos Commissarios suos visitavit Collegium sanctae Trinitatis Cantebrigiae , in capella ejusdem Collegii , comparentibus coram eisdem commissariis Gardiano sive custode , unà cum singulis suis consociis & scholaribus ejusdem collegii ; quibus singulariter & secretè examinatis super statu & regimine ipsius collegii , & aliis articulis in hujusmodi visitatione de jure requisitis , & eorum dictis & depositis conscriptis in Registro , ab eisdem & eorum singulis , vice & auctoritate dicti reverendissimi Patris , obedientiam receperunt canonicam , & singula exercuerunt ibidem quae de consuetudine vel de jure ulterius quomodolibet fuerint requisita ; & exhibitum suit certificatorum pro visitatione hujusmodi per Gardianum sive custodem supradictum continens hunc tenorem . Reverendissimo in Christo patri ac Domino suo Domino Thomae , &c. ejusve Commissariis quibuscunque suus humilis & devotus ●ilius Gardianus sive custos Collegii Sanctae Trinit●●is Cantebrigiae , Eliensis Diocaesis , tam debitam quam devotam obedientiam , cum omni roverentia & honore debito tanto Patri , mandatum vestrum reverendissimum nuper recepi , tenorem continens subsequentem . Thomas &c. dilecto in Christo filio Gardiano sive custodi Collegii Sanctae Trinitatis Cantebrigiae , Eliensis Diocaesis , nostraeque Cantuariensis provinciae salutem , &c. Quia nos in progressu visitationis nostrae Metropoliticae praedictae Diocaesis vos & Collegium vestrum in personis & rebus annuente Domino , visitare intendimus , tenore praesentium peremptoriè vos citamus , & per vos omnes & singulos consocios & scholares praedicti Collegii citare volumus & mandamus , quod compareatis & compareant coram nobis & Commissariis nostris in capella sive domo capitulari praedicti Collegii decimo septimo die mensis Septembris proxime futuri , cum continuatione & prorogatione dierum tunc sequentium , visitationem hujusmodi juxta juris exigentiam subituri , ulteriusque facturi & recepturi quod canonicis convenit institutis , & quid feceritis in praemissis nos aut Commissarios hujusmodi dictis die & loco debitè certificetis per literas vestras patentes , hunc tenorem , una cum nominibus & cognominibus omnium & singulorum sociorum & scholarium per vos in hac parte citatorum in schedula eisdem literis annectenda descriptis habentes . Dat. in manerio nostro de Lambeth 18. die mensis Augusti anno domini Millesimo quadringentesimo primo , & nostrae translationis anno quinto . Cujus auctoritate mandati omnes & singulos consocios & scholares praedicti collegii in eodem collegio tunc praesentes personaliter invētos , peremptoriè citavi , aliis vero tunc absentibus , infra tamen provinciam vestram existentibus , dictum mandatum vestrum & visitationem hujusmodi intimari et notificari , eosque praemuniri feci , quod dictis die et loco cum continuatione et prorogatione praedictis coram vobis seu vestris Commissariis compareant , visitationem vestram hujusmodi juxta juris exigentiam recepturi , facturique ulterius & recepturi quicquid dictum mandatum vestrum exigit & requirit ; caeteros autem consocios et scholares dicti Collegii ab eodem Collegio tunc et nunc absentes , & in diversis remotis partibus etiam extra dictam provinciam agentes , non citavi nec praemunivi prout nec pot●i quovismodo : Quantum ad personam meam , praedictis die & loco cum continuatione & prorogatione praedictis , coram vobis s●u Commissariis vestris , Dante Domino , personaliter comparebo , fecturasque humiliter & recepturus quod dictum , &c. In cujus rei testimonium Sigill●m commone dicti Collegii duxi praesentibus apponendum . Datum Cantebrigiae in dicto Collegio quoad consignationem praesentium 2● Id. Septembris , Anno Domini supradicto . Visitatio Collegii de Clara , Collegii beatae Mariae , Procratus Alborum Canonicorum Item , eodem die eisdem modo & forma idem Reverendissimus Pater visitavit per Commissarios suos Collegium de Clare Hall Cantebrigiae in capella ejusdem Collegii : Et Collegium Annunciacionis beatae Mariae Cantebrigiae in capella ejusdem Collegii ; ac Prioratum Alborum Canonicorum Cantebrigiae in ecclesia ejusdem Prioratus , recepta obedientia Canonica , & singulis aliis exercitis in et circa loca praemissa quae in visitationibus hujusmodi de jure fuerint quomodolibet requisita . Item decimo nono die dicti mensis Septembris idem reverendissimus Pater Archiepiscopus supradictus per certos Commissarios , quos ad hoc sufficienter deputavit , visitavit domum sive Prioratum Monialium Sanctae Radegundis Cantebrigiae , Priorissam , ac singulas consorores et commoniales suas in dicta domo capitulari ejusdem prioratus , recepta ab eisdem et earum singulis obedientia Canonica , et ipsis secretè et singulariter examinatis , earumque dictis et depositis conscriptis in registro ; similiterque aliis exercitis quae in hac parte de jure fuerint requisita , ac sub modo & forma in aliis locis hujusmodi superius observatis seu r●citatis . Item , eodem die modo et forma in aliis Collegiis superius observ●tis , Dominus visitavit per Commissarios suos Collegium Sancti Michaelis Cantebrigiae in capella ejusdem Collegii ; et eodem die per Commissarios hujusmodi visitatum suit Hospitale sive domus Sancti Iohannis Cantebrigioe in Ecclesia ejusdem Hospitalis ; & Collegium Sancti Petri in capella ejusdem Collegii ; ac Collegium de Pembroke Hall Cantebrigioe in capella ejusdem Collegii : et eodem die idem reverendissimus Pater iter ar●ip●it versus Ecclesiam Cathedralem Eliensem , pro sua visitatione hujusmodi inibi exercenda ; ubi eodem die a venerabili patre Domino Iohanne , Dei gratia Eliensi Episcopo , ad suum palatium Eliense cum se et suis honorificè fuit receptus . This Archbishop having thus peaceably without any resistance , visited the University , Colledges and Schollers of Cambridge by his meer Metropoliticall right , as being within the Diocesse of Ely , and part of his Province ( though in regard of their foundation and Buls of exemption from several Popes , they might have pleaded as ful an exemption from Archiepiscopal and Episcopal jurisdiction and visitation as the University of Oxford , which I could demonstrate , if material ) After this , in the yeer of our Lord 1411. he determined to visit the University of Oxford in the twelft yeer of King Henry the fourth his reign ; but comming thither to visit , was repulsed by the Chancellour Richard Courtney , Benedic●● Brent and Iohn B●rch Proctors , and some Schollers of their faction , which Thomas Walsingham in his Historia Angliae , and ●podigma Neust●iae too ( Anno Dom. 1411. thus relates : Dominus Cantuariensis dum ni●itur visitare Vniversitatem Oxoniarum , repulsam passus est . Whereupon the Archbishop complaining to the King of that affront , both parties referred themselves to his royall determination of this Controversie ; who after a full h●a●ing of both parties , the seventeenth day of December , in the twel●t yeer of his reign , by deliberate advice of his Councel , confirmed the Order ●ormerly made by King Richard the second , over-ruled the Chancellours and Proctors pretences , ( now revived and insisted on ) That the Vniversity was exempt from all Archiepiscopall and Epi●copall visitation by the Bull of Pope Boniface the eight ( which he d●clared null & prejudiciall to his crown , and they then renounced the second time ) and that the King was the onely and sole Visitor of the Vniversity as a Vniversity : which he then likewise disclaimed , and adjudged , That the Archbishops of Canterbury should and ought for ever after to visit the Vniversity , Chancellour , Proctors , and all Doctors , Schollers and Members of the Vniversity whatsoever ; and that if the Archbishops were hereafter disturbed in their Visitations of the Vniversity , all its Franchises , Liberties and Priviledges should be seised into the King's hands till their submission thereunto ; and they should likewise pay a thousand pound fine to the King for such their disturbance . Which resolution and proceedings before the King in this cause being drawn up in writing and presented to the King , Lords and Commons in the Parliament of 13. Henry 4. and there read before them , were they all ratified and confirmed by them , and enacted to be of as great vigor and effect , as if they had been done and made in Parliament ; which is evident by the Parliament Roll it self , An. 13. H. 4. num . 15. and by Archbishop Parkers Register , fol. 269. a true transcript whereof ( for the full conviction and satisfaction of all our present Opposers ) I shall here insert Memorandum , quod venerabilis in Christo Pater Thomas Archiepiscopus Cantuariensis in praesenti Parliamento nostro exhibuit quandam petitionem , una cum quadam schedula eidem annexa in haec verba . A Tressovereigne Sr. Nostre Sr. Le Roy Supplie humblement vostre humble chapellein Thomas Archevesque de Canterbiis , Que pleise a vous Tressovereign Sr. par assent de Signeurs Esperit aelx & Temporells , & les Comes in cest present Parlement , de graunteir approver , ratifier & confirmer tout cest quest compris en un cedul● , a cest bille annexe , & que meisme ceste cedule puisse se e●tre enrollee & enacte in cest presente Parlement selo●e la fourme & effecte de mesme le cedule , & que mesme la cedule & tout ceo quest compris e● icelle soient de taunt de force effecte & authorite , & mesme les force effecte & auctoritee eient & teignent , come ils ussent estre faict●● en ceste Parlement & per auctoritee de mesme le Parlement . Memorandum , Quod cum Richardus secundus , nuper Rex Angliae , propter diversas dissentiones , lites et discordias quondam habitas in Vniversitate Oxoniensi super jure & titulo visitationis dictae Vniversitatis , ac de quadam Bulla exemptionis praetensa ad excludendum Archiepiscopum Cantuariensem tunc existentem & Successores ●uos , ac quoscunque ali●s Ordinarios infra Vniversitatem praedictam , ac quoscunque fundatores dictae Vniversitatis ac Collegiorum ejusdem Vniversitatis a visitatione dictae Vniversitatis , & ab omni jurisdictione Ordinaria , per eosdem Archiepiscopum Ordinarium & fundator●s & suos successores ac commissarios suos in eadem Vniversitate fa●iond . & ex●rcend . Per breve su●m venire fecerit in Cancellaria sua apud Westmonasterium Bullam Praedictam ; & Cancellarius et Procuratores dictae Universitatis tunc existentes sufficiens Warrentum sigillo commune Universitatis praedictae ●igil . latum pro se et Universitate praedicta habentes , et secum in Cancellaria praedicta deferentes , ad exhibendum , publicandum ostendendum et praesentandum coram dicto nuper Rege in Cancellaria praedicta Bullam praedictam ; necnon ad respondendum ibidem , et ulterius faciendum et recipiendum quod per eundem nuper Regem & consilium suum ord●natum fuisset & definitum , prout de recordo in eadem Cancellaria plenius liquet : ac postmodum iidem Cancellarii , et Procuratores pro se & to●a Vniversitate praedicta submiserunt se de materiis praedictis Ordinationi et di●finitioni dicti nuper Regis : Q●i quidem nuper Rex , habita inde matura & pleniori deliberatione cum consilio suo , ac clarè considerans , Eullam praedictam fore impetratam in praejudicium ●o●onae suae , ac legum & con●uetudinum Regni sui enervationem , & in Haereticorum & Lollardorum , ac homicidiarum & aliorum male factorum favorem , & audaciam , dictaeque Vniversitatis verisimil●m destructionem ; Ordinavit , & per breve suum praecepit & inhibuit dicto Cancellario , Magistris , Doctoribus et Scholaribus Universitatis praedictae , in fide , Legeancia & dilectione quibus sibi tenebantur , ac sub poena amissionis privilegiorum Vniversitatis praedictae , & sub forisfactura omnium aliorum que sibi forisfacere poterant , ne dictam Bullam in aliqua sui part● exiqui , seu exercere , sue beneficium aliquod exemp●ionis per Bullam illam aliqualiter repor●are seu reciper● praesume●ent , sed omnibus exemptionibus & privilegiis in ea parte contentis , coram tune dil●cto clerico suo notorio Richardo Renhalle , quem ad eos ex causa praedicta destinavit , palam & publicè , pro imperpotuò renunciarent , ac super renunciationem hujusmodi quandam certificationem sibi sub sigillo dictae Universitatis , ac publica instrumenta fieri , er sibi per eundem Clericum suum transmitti facerent , sub poenis supradictis . Postmodum allegantur praefato Cancellario et aliis sibi adhaerentibus nomine Universitatis praedictae VISITATIONEN PRAE●DICTAM AD DICTUM RICHARDUM NUPER REGEM SOLUM ET INSOLIDUM PERTINERE ; consideransque , quod visitatio Vniversitatis praedictae ad praefatum Archiepiscopum & successores suos , ● ac ad eccles●am su●m Cantuarien●em PERTINUIT ET PERTINERE DEBUIT ; QUOD QUE IPSE AUT PROGENITORES SUI CANCELLARIUM AC UNIVERSITATEM PRAEDICTAM RETROACTIS TEMPORIBUS MINIME VISITARE CONSUEVERUNT . Voluit & ex certa scientia sua declaravit , quod visitatio Cancellarii ac Procuratorum dictae Vniversitatis qui pro tempore fuerint , necnon omnium Doctorum , Magistrorum Regentium & non Regentium , ac Schola●ium ejusdem Vniversitatis quorumcunque , eorumque servientum , aliarumque personarum cujuscunque status vel conditionis exstiteriat libertatibus aut privilegiis dictae Vniversitatis utentium seu illis gaudere valentium , NECNON UNIVERSITATIS PRAEDICTAE ETIAM UT UNIVERSITATIS , ad praefa●um Archiepiscopum & Successores suos , ac ecclesiam suam praedictam PERTINUIT ET PERTINERE DEBUIT , AC FUTURIS TEMPORIBUS PERTINERET . Postmodumque praedictus ●uper Rex per diversa Brevia sua Cancellario , Procuratoribus , cunctis Doctoribus & Scholaribus Vniversitatis praedictae praeceperat , quod ipsi Archiepiscopo praedicto & successoribus suis in visitatione sua praedicta in eadem Universitate facienda in omnibus sub poenis praedictis parerent et obedirent ; Postmodumque sicut datum fuit intelligi Domino nostro Regi Henrico quarto post conquestuw quod visitante Thoma Archiepiscopo Cantuari●nsi jure suo Metropolitico Diocaesi Lincoln . Anno Regni dicti Henrici Regis duodecimo , venit ad praedictam Vniversitatem Oxonii ad exequendam in forma juris ecclesiastici ibidem visitationem suam , Richardus Courtnay ad ●unc Cancellarius Universitatis praedictae , ac Benedictus Brent & Johannes Birch ad tunc Procuratores dictae Vniversitatis , ac quamplures alii eis adherentes , in eadem Vniversitate dictum Archiepiscopum de visitatione sua praedicta & jurisdictione ejusdem Archiepiscopi manuforti injuste impedierunt , et ei absque causa rationabili resistebant : super quo diversae lites dissentiones & discordiae inter ●r fatum Thomam Archiepiscopum & eosdem Cancellarium & Procuratores ac alios Scholares Universitatis praedictae eorumque fautores , de & super jure & impedimento visitationis , & jurisdictionis praedictarum , mot●● fuerint & exortae in Vniversitate praedictae , & super hoc praesente Thoma Comite Arundel , & aliis personis honorabilibus secum existentibus in Vniversitate praedicta , tam Praefatus Archiepiscopus pro se & Ecclesia sua praedicta quam praefatus Richardus Courtnay Cancellarius Vniversitatis praedictae & Benedictus Brent & Johannes Birch Procuratores ejusdem Vniversitatis , pro se et eorum adhaerentibus in m●teriis praedictis ac pro Vniversitate praedicta per assensum eorundem adhaerentium se submisserunt & concesserunt stare arbitrio judicio & ordinatione ac decreto illustrissimi Principis & Domini dicti Domini nostri Regis Henrici de & super jure & impedimento visitationis & jurisdictionis praedictarum per dictos Magistrum Richardum Cancellarium & sibi adhaerentes praestito● ac dissentionibus , Litibus & discordiis praedictis , & earum dependentiis , & super hoc dictus Dominus noster Rex Henric●s dictum Magistrum Richardum Courtney Cancellarium ac dictos Benedictum Brent & Iohannem Birch venire fecit coram eo in propria persona apud Lambeth in crastino Nativitatis beatae Mariae dicto anno Regni sui duodecimo , ad faciendum & recipiendum quod per cundem dictum Regem de advisamento Consilii sui foret consideratum in materiis praedictis ; & praedictus Archiepiscopus ibidem coram praefato Domino Rege comparuit , & tàm praefatus Archiepiscopus quam iidem Cancellarius & Procuratores ad tunc & ibidem coram dicto Domino Rege submissionem praedictam in omnibus ( ut praedictum est ) fore factum in forma praedicta recognoverunt , & ibidem concesserunt stare arbitrio , judicio & ordinacioni ejusdem Domini nostri Regis de & super jure & impedimento visitationis & jurisdictionis praedictorum ae aliis mate●iis & omnibus dependentiis earundem : Qui quidem Dominus Rex postea 17. die mensis Septembris dicto anno duode●imo apud Lambeth praedictū , auditis & intellectis tam allegationibus quam responsionibus partium praedictarum , & etiam habens considerationem ad dictam submissionem factam tempore dicti Regis RICHARDI , ac ordinationem judicium & determinationem super eandem submissionem , tangentem visitationem & jurisdictionem praedict. ac clare consid●rans , QVOD VISITATIO VNIVERSITATIS pra●dictae etiam us Vniversitatis , ET OMNIVM IN VNIVERSITATE PRAEDICTA COMMORANTIVM AD DICTVM ARCHIEPISCOPVM ET SVCCESSORES SVOS VT DE IVRE ECCLESIAE PRAEDICTAE PERTINET ET DE IVRE PERTINERE DEBERET , et quod iidem Cancellarius et Procuratores ac alii ●is in hac parte adhaerens●s ●undem Archiepiscopum de visitatione et jurisdictione praedictis INIVSTE & ABSQVE TITVLO SEV RATIONABILI CAVSA MANVFORTI IMPEDIERVNT , dictum judicium , ordina●ionem & determinationem praedicti Richardi nuper Regis ratificavit , approbavit , & confirmavit PRO IMPERPETVO duratura ; & ulterius tam authoritate sua Regia quàm virtute submissionis praedictae sibi factae ad ●uncibidem arbitratus fuit , ordinavit , consideravit , decrevit & adjudicavit , QVOD PRAEDICVS ARCHIEPISCOPVS ET SVCCESSORES SVI IMPERPETVVM HA●EANT VISITATI●NEM ET IVRISDICTIONEM IN VNIVERSITATE PRAEDICTATAM CANCELLARII● COMMISSARII , quàm Procurat●rum EIVSDEM VNIVERSITATIS QVI PRO TEMPORE FVERINT ; NECNON OMNIVM DOCTORVM , MAGISTRORVM RE●ENTIVM & non Regentium ac Scholarium ejusdem Universitatis quorumcunque , eorum servientium , aliarumque personarum cujuscunque status v●l conditioni● ex●iterint , ET ETIAM EIVSDEM VNIVERSITATIS VT VNIVERSITATIS ; & quod Cancellariu● , Commissarius , et Procuratores Universitatis praedic●ae qui pro tempore fuerint , eorum Successores , et omnes alii in dicta Universitate pro tempore commorantes , futuris temporibus eidem Archiepiscopo et Successoribus suis in visitatione et jurisdictione● Universitatis praedictae etiam ●t Universitatie , in omnibus pareant et obedi●nt ; et quod ne● aliqui● aliu● in Universitate praedicta● aliquod privilegium se●beneficium examptionis ad ex●ludendum praesatum Archiepiscopum seu . Success●res suo● de-visitatione et jurisdictione praedictis in Universitate praedicta colore alicujus Bullae seu alterius tituli cujuscunque erga praedictum Archiepiscopum seu Successores ●uos clameant , habeant seu vendicent ullo modo in futuro : et quod quotiens Cancellarius , Commissari●s vel locum tenens ipsorum , vel alicujus ipsorum , vel Procuratores di●tae Universit●tis , qui pro tempore fuerint , vel eorum Successores ; ●ive aliquis eorum impedierint , vel impedierit praefatum Archiepiscopum vel Successores suos aut ecclesiam suam praedictam , aut ipsorum vel alicujus ipsorum Commissarium vel Cōmissarios de hujusmodi visitatione seu jurisdictione dictae● Universitatis , vel in aliquo contravenerint dictis arbitrio , ordinationi ●ive judicio per praetatum Richardam nuper Regem factum , sive arbitrio , judicio , decreto , considerationi vel ordinationi ipsius Domini nostri Regis Hen●i●i in ●ac casu 〈…〉 aliquis dictae Universitatis in fut●●● impedierit dictum Archiepiscopum vel Successores suos , aut Ecclesiam suam praedictam , aut ipsorum vel alicujus ipsorum Commissarios vel Commissarium , de visitatione sua aut jurisdictione antedictis , vel in aliquo contravenerit d●cto arbicrio five judicio per praefatum Richardum nuper Regem in forma praedicta facto , vel arbitrio , judicio , decreto considerationi seu ordinationi ipsius Domini nostri Regis Henrici ; & quod Cancellarius , Commissarius Procuratores Universitatis praedictae tunc non fe●erint diligentiam & posse eorum ad adjuvandum dictum Archiepilcopum vel Successores suos aut Ecclesiam praedictam , seu Commissarium vel Commissario● de visitatione aut jurisdictione antedictis , vel in aliquo cōtravenerint dictis arbit●io ordinationi ●ive judicio per praefatum Richardum nuper Regem in forma praedicta factis , vel arbitrio , judicio , decre●o , considerationi seu ordinationi ipsius Domini nostri Regis Henr●● ; & quod Cancellarius , Commissarius & Procuratores Universitatis praedictae tunc non fecerint diligentiam & posse ●orum ad adjuvandum dictum Archiepiscopum & Successores suos aut Ecclesiam suam praedictam , seu Commissarium vel Commiss●●os suos in hujusmodi Casu , ac etiam ad puniendum hujusmodi impedientes & resistentes ; Quod to●iens omnes Franches●●e , lib●rta●es , ac omnia privilegia ejusdem Universitatis in manu● Domini Regis vel haeredum suorum seisiantur , in eisdem manibus ipsorum Domini Regis vel haeredum suorum remansura quo usque praedictus Archiepiscopus vel Successores sui pacificam visitationem ac jurisdictionem in forma praedicta in dicta Universitate habuerit vel habuerint , & etiam totiens Cancellarius , Commissarius , & Procuratores ejusdem Universitatis quo pro tempore fuerint & eorum Successores , ac Universitas praedicta solvant & teneantur , solvere ipso Domino nostro Regi Henrico & haeredibus suis mille libras legalis monetae Angliae : Quae quidem cedula visa ac cum matura & diligenti deliberatione examinata & intellecta , dictus Dominus Rex in pleno Parliamento asseruit & declaravit , omnia & singula in eadem schedula contenta per ipsum secundum quod in eadem continetur facta , arbitrata , ordinata , considerata , decreta & adjudicata in omnibus esse & ex●itisse : & sic de assensu Dominorum Spiritualium & Temporalium necnon Communitatis in eodem Parliamento existentium qui super eisdem pleniorem deliberationem similiter habuerunt & eisdem decreto & judicio plenariè consenserunt & agreaverunt , eandem cedulam & omnia & singula in eadem contenta concessit approbavit , ratificavit & confirmavit : Quodque eadem schedula in Rotulo parliamenti secundum formam & effectum ejusdem irrotularetur & inactaretur , ac etiam quod eadem schedula & omnia in ea contenta sunt tanti et talis valoris effectus et authoritatis , et eosdem valorem effectum et authoritatem habeant et teneant ac si in praesenti Parliamento , ac per auctoritatem ejusdem Parliamenti facta exti●issent . Et puis apres sur diverses matieres moeney par entre le dit Erceve●que et Lercevesque Deverwyke sur certaines privileges pretenses par le dit Ercevesque Deverwike pour le College appellee Queen-hall , en la Vniversity Oxenford , le dit Erchevesque de Canterbiis en presence du Roy et des Signeurs en le dit Parlement provist , que se le dit Erchevesque Deverwyck purroit sufficientment monstrer ascum privilege ●u especialtee de recorde perount le dit Er●evesque de Canterbiis ne deust user ne exercer s● visitation du dit College , il se vorroit eut abstinier ; Sauvant a Luj touteffois la visitation de les Escoliers demourantez en le dit College solone les juggementx & decrees faictz & donnez par le dit Roy Richard , & par nostre Signeur le Roy Henry prest come en le recorde eut fuit plus ple nement est declarez . This Act is likewise recorded even by Robert Hare himself , in his Collectio Libertatum & Privilegiorum Vniversitatis Oxon. Lo here a full and punctuall resolution of two successive Kings , Richard the second and Henry the fourth , and of the Lords and Commons in Parliament against the present pretended Priviledge and Plea of the University of Oxford and their Delegates , which subverts all the grounds of their feigned exemption from all other Visitors but the King , either by foundation , prescription or papall Buls and Grants . This Archbishop Arundel not onely visited the University of Oxford , but likewise held a Provinciall Councell therein Anno Dom. 1408. in which he made a constitution concerning the Heads and Wardens of the University , thus entituled , Gardiani principales & Praepositi Universitatis Oxoniensis , semel in singulis mensibus inquirant de moribus & Doctrina suorum Scholarium ( and that under pain of deprivation , in case of wilfull neglect ) which Constitution is recorded at large by Iohannis de Aton , Constitutiones Legit . fol. 154. Yea , * Phillip Repingdon Bishop of Lincoln sent forth his Citations for a visitation to the University of Oxford , as their Diocaesan , intended to be held by him in St Maries Church in Oxford , dated , apud Leicest . 12. Feb. Anno Dom. 1415. ( being the first yeer of Henry the fift his reign ) to which the University , as to some particulars readily submitted , as is evident by their answer to him , viz. That they intended to make PERSONAL APPEARANCE to his Summons at the time and place appointed , Recepturi quae ad Officium inquisitionis haereticae pravitatis duntaxat pertinere noscumtur . Sub hac tamen protestatione , quod per illam personalent comparitionem non intendimus in vos consentire SVPER QVIBVSCVNQVE ARTICVLIS . ( haereticae pravitatis duntaxat exceptis ) &c. Datum apud Oxon. 4● mensis Martii Anno Dom. 1413. A cleer evidence , that by the repeal of the Popes Buls of exemption in Parliament , 13. H. 4. not onely the Archbishops of Canterbury , but likewise the Bishops of Lincoln's jurisdiction over , and visitation of the University of Oxford as their Diocesan , was revived and submitted to , at least in cases of Heresie . And in this very yeer 1413. this Archb. Arundel made certain Statutes for the government of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge , as Antiqu. Eccles. Brit. relates , p. 309. the greatest badge of his jurisdiction over them . Anno Dom. 1417. Henry Chirbley Archbishop of Canterbury upon the frequent and grievous complaints of divers in both Vniversities , made a Constitution and Ordinance in full convocation , to endure for ten yeers , touching the promotion of Graduates in the Vniversities of Oxford and Cambridge , enrolled in his Register , fol. 13 , & 14. Iohn Morton Archbishop of Canterbury , in the yeer of our Lord 1490. visited divers Diocesses within his Province , and among others the Diocesse of Lincoln , wherein the Vniversity of Oxford then was , Antiq. Eccles. Brit. p. 342 , 343. in which visitation it is probable he visited the Vniversity , as part of that Diocesse , though I find no expresse mention of it . Anno Dom. 1557. Reginald Poole Archbishop of Canterbury , visited the Vniversities of Oxford and Cambridge by his Delegates , the History where of its recorded at large in Master Fox his Acts and Monuments , Vol. 3. Edit. 1640. p. 762. to 780. and epitomized in Antiqu. Eccles. Brit. p. 422. which Visitation some say he kept onely as Popes Legat , not in his Metropolitical right , though I conceive he visited in both those capacities ; altering and reforming the Statutes of both Vniversities , and making new ones of his own for them to observe , yet extant among their Records . An. 19. of Queen Elizabeths reign , Edmund Grindall Archbishop of Canterbury and his Commissary , received an Appeal from William Wylson elected Rector of Lincoln-colledge in Oxford , whom the Bishop of Lincoln and his Delegates ( Visitors of that Colledge ) refused to admit , and thereupon granted an Inhibition to the Bishop and his Visitors , and summoned them to appear before him to determine this election , as appears by the Queens Commission to examine this businesse , dated 23. Apr. 19. Eliz. endorsed on the Rolls of that yeer . In the twelft yeer of King CHARLES William Laud Archbishop of Canterbury intending to visit both Universities by his Metropolitical Right , the Universities revived this Plea against his jurisdictiō , which had rested in peace without any controversie from K. Henry the 4th his resolution , Anno 1612. till that very yeer 1635. The Universities alleaged , that the King onely was and ought to be their sole Visitor , and that they were exempt from all . Archiepiscopal and Episcopal visitation by foundation , prescription , papall Buls , royall Charters and expresse Statutes ; & the Vice-Chancellour , and Heads of the University of Cambridge , on the 24. of December 1635. presented this ensuing Paper to the Archbishop , against his Metropoliticall power to visit them ( comprizing in it whatever the University of Oxford hath alleaged , or can colorably object against their present visitation ) the Originall whereof I have in my custody , endorsed with the Archbishop's own hand . A Summary Brief or Extract of the REASONS wherefore the University of CAMBRIDGE is exempt both from Archiepiscopal and Episcopal Jurisdiction and VISITATION . IT being laid for a ground , that the Chancellour of the University as Ordinarius , hath , and of ancient time had ordinary jurisdiction within the Vniversity , as may appear , as well by the Letters patents of King Richard the second , under the great Seal of England , of a grant to the Chancellour , to make a significavit into the Chancery of his excommunications , as Bishops used to do ; whereupon the Writ of De excommunicato capiendo was to issue ; as also , by a multitude of presidents , of the exercise of spirituall Censures and Jurisdictions ; amongst which it doth appear , that in the time of King Edward the first , the Chancellour of the Vniversity did excommunicate the Builiffs of Cambridge for infringing the Priviledges of the Vniversity : and in the time of King Henry the eighth , Iohn Edmunds then Master of Peter-house , and Vice-Chancellour of the University did excommunicate Dr Cliffe , Chancellour to the Bishop of Ely , for excommunicating a priviledged man , and the matter comming before Cardinal Woolsey the Popes Legate , it was ordered for the University ; and Doctor Cliffe submitted to the said Vice Chancellour , and was absolved by him publikely in the Vniversity . In the first place , The Vniversity of Cambridge is Studium generale , and Communitas Clericorum ; and it is f one of the royall Prerogatives of the Kings of England , that where they are founders of Monasteries , Colleges , or other Religious places , such Religious places , so founded are eo ipso exempt from Episcopall and Archiepiscopall Iurisdiction , and are onely to be visited by persons delegated by the King's Majesty , by Commission under the great Seal of England . That the University is of the royall foundation of the King's Progenitors or Predecessors , it appears not onely by authentick Historians , but also by a Petition exhibited by the Chancellour and Schollers of the University , 5. R. 2. to the King in Parliament , concerning the Townsmen of Cambridge burning their Charters and other Writings and Muniments , &c. And the reason of the Petition is given , Cum dicta Vniversitas Cantebrigiae sit ex . ordinatione & fundatione illustrium Progenitorum vestrorum , propter honorem Dei & Sanctae Ecclesiae . which Petition was accepted , and a Decree thereupon made in Parliament against the Townsmen . 2. The Popes of Rome untill 26. H. 8. did usurp upon the Imperial Crown of the Realm , and did assume to themselves a superiority and supremacy in all matters of Ecclesiastical government , and in very g ancient times there were Grants , Rescripts or Buls to free the Vniversity from the jurisdiction of the Bishop of the Diocesse , and of the Archbishop . Pope Iohn the two and twentieth , in the eleveneh yeer of the reign of King Edward the second , and at his request , doth confirm to this Vniversity ( which he called Studium generale ) all manner of Priviledges and Indulgences before that time granted to it by any of his Predecessors , or any Kings of this Realm . The Prior of Barnwell also , Anno Dom. 1430. as delegate to Pope Martin the fift , by vertue of that power committed to him , confirmeth the jurisdiction and exemption of the Vniversity by an authentick instrument under the seal of the said Pryor and his Covent , called , Processus Barnwellensis , the Original whereof is still in Archivis Academia . Pope Eugenius Anno Dom. 1433. being 12. H. 6. reciting the Buls of Pope Honorius & Sergius primus ( the which were n seven hundred yeers before that time ) for the freeing of the Vniversity from the jurisdiction of the Bishop and Archbishop , and reciting the processe of Barnwell , doth confirm the same , and supplies all defects , as appeares by the Original in Parchment in Archivis Vniversitatis . 3. There is a o constant custome and prescription for the freeing of the Vniversity from the jurisdiction of the Bishop and Archbishop ; And a Prescription and Custome will prevail in this case , as well upon the canon Law , as it will upon the municipal and fundamental Lawes of the Kingdom : and the rather , because the canon Law had his force in this Realm by usage and custom : And to prove , that this Custome and Prescription was ancient in the time of Henry the sixt ; it appears by the foresaid instrument under the seal of the Prior of Barnwell , termed Processus Barnwellensis , that the Masters , Doctors and Schollers of the University , for the preserving of their immunities and exemptions from the Bishop and Archbishop ( their Charters and Buls from the Popes being lost or burnt ) did addresse themselves by Petition to Pope Martin the fift , who did make a Commission Delegate to the Prior of Barnwell and Iohn Deeping , and to either of them to enquire , &c. The Prior takes upon him the execution of the Commission ; the University in the Regent house make a Proctor under the common Seal : There are seven Witnesses examined who speak for the time of their memory , some of them for sixty yeers , that ( by all that time ) the Chancellour of the Vniversity had exercised Ecclesiastical jurisdiction within the University , and names Richard Scroop , and eleven other Chancellours of the Vniversity , and p that no Archbishop or Bishop did interpose ; and doth instance Doctor Fordham Bishop of Ely , comming to Cambridge with an intention to visit the University , when he understood of the Priviledge of the Vniversity , he did supersede . Sithence that Processe , being above two hundred yeers ago , . there have been fourteen Archbishops of Canterbury , and sixteen Bishops of Ely , and none of them have visited the Vniversity of Cambridge , notwithstanding they have visited their Diocesse and Province . 4. Not insisting on sundry p ancient Charters of former Kings ; King Edward the second , An. 11. of his reign , writes to Pope Iohn the two and twentieth for confirming the ancient Priviledges which the Vniversity then used , with augmentation of new ; the which is in the Tower of London , and was under the great Seal of England . And 22. Maii 36. Edw. 3. that King directeth Letter Patents to the Archbishops , Bishops and Ecclesiasticall persons by way of Prohibition , that Schollers should not be cited into Ecclesiasticall Courts out of the Vniversity : And 6. Hen. 5. when a Commission was granted for the enquiring and correcting of Hereticks , according to the Statute of 2. Hen. 5. there is this clause ; Nolumus tamen quod aliquis vestrum de aliquo praemissorum quae per privilegia & libertates Vniversitatis per Cancellarium ejusdem Vniversitatis solummodo corrigi & terminari debent , colore praesentis commissionis nostrae in aliquo intromittatis . In the Letters Patents of King Iames of blessed memory , in March 20. of his reign , he first declares his intention to confirm the Priviledges and Customes used in the Vniversity : Secondly , he doth in expresse terms confirm the jurisdiction as well spirituall as temporall , the Priviledges , Quietances and Exemptions , not onely by the Grants of his Progenitors , vel aliarum personarum quarumcunque , but also praetextu aliquarum Chartarum , donationum , consuetudinis , praescriptionis , &c. And thirdly , Grants that the Chancellour , and ( in his absence ) the Vice-chancellour shall visit Colledges which have no speciall Visitor , which Charter is also exmero motu & certa scientia . 5. It appears by the Statute of 25. H. 8. cap. 19. & 21. that albeit the supremacy in causes Ecclesiastical be resumed to the Crown from the Pope , yet no part of that power which the Pope or Archbishop of Canterbury ( as his Legat ) in any wise ever had , is invested In the Archbishop ; but it is q especicially provided , That in the case of Monasteries , Colleges , &c. exempt from Episcopall power , and immediately subjected to the Pope , the Visitation shall not be by the Archbishop , but by Commissioners to be nominated by the King by his commission under the great Seal . It is true , that by the Statute of 31. H. 8. in a proviso therein contained , there the Bishop and Archbishop have a power given unto them over Monasteries , Colledges , &c. which before were immediately subjected to the Pope ; but that enlarging of the power of the Archbishop doth extend onely to Religious houses dissolved ; it doth not extend to the Vniversity : and the Statute of 1. Phil. & Mary cap. 8. repealing the Statutes made against the Pope's Supremacy , and giving power to the Archbishop , &c. to visit in places exempt , hath a speciall proviso thereby , not to diminish the Priviledges of the Vniversities of Oxford and Cambridge , nor the Priviledges granted to the church of Westminster , Windsore , and the Tower . There is no new power given to the Archbishop by the Statute of 1. Elizabethae , and this appears evidently in the proviso therein touching the Visitation , for ( if he will visit ) he must be having jurisdiction , and he must visit onely within his jurisdiction , and the power is also given to Ordinaries within their jurisdictions . 6. i Presidents and examples in the very poynt ; wherein not to insist upon the president of any Archbishop before the time of 26. H. 8. in as much as the Pope then being reputed the Supream head of the church , and the Archbishop of Canterbury having a Legatine power , his acts then are not to be ensampled to the succeeding Archbishops , who have not any power in the poynt in question touching visitation , from the Pope ; but what hath been done sithence is most materiall , and that time hath taken up above an hundred yeers , which by the Canon Law is accounted not onely tempus antiquum , but tempus antiquissimum . The first Visitation of the University , sithence that time was 27. H. 8. when the Lord Cromwel was Chancellour of this University , and the same was by * commission under the great Seal of England ( to the Lord Cromwel Chancellour , and others ) according to the foresaid Statute of 25. H. 8. The second visitation was k 3. Edw. 6. and as it doth appear by the Letter of the Duke of Somerset the then Chancellour of the University , that visitatio Regia was , by reason that he was moved by the Letters of the University to send Visitors : he being then Protector was not in Commission . In the third and fourth yeer of the reign of Phillip and Mary ( the Pope being restored to his usurped power ) Cardinal Poole did visit the University ; but it appears in the processe , that it was as Legatus , by Commission from the Pope , cui Papa commisit visitationem & reformationem studiorum generalium : which clause , together with the proviso in the said Statute 1 , & 2. Phil. & Mary , proveth , that this Visitation was not authoritate Metropolitica . And lastly , there was a Royall Visitation 1. Eliz. by m Commission under the great Seal , to Sir William Cecill , then the Chancellour of the University , and to others : The Queens Letter before the said Visitation , to Sir William Cecill , is , Because the chief order and governance of Our Vniversity of Cambridge appertaineth to you , being the chancellour of the same , &c. Wee thought meet to will you in Our name to give signification , that We mean very shortly , with your advice , to visit the same by some discreet and meet persons . Yet notwithstanding all these reasons , presented by the Vniver . of Camb. & others of like nature sent from Oxf. amplified by councell , upon a full & deliberate hearing of both parties before the King himself & the Lords of the privy Counsel at Hampton court , the King and Lords resolved against the Universities claims and reasons , and confirmed the ancient Declarations and Resolutions of King Richard the second , and Henry the fourth , disclaiming this new revived Monopoly , of the King's sole right of visiting the Vniversities , they would attribute to him as his Royall Prerogative , and their grand Priviledge and Birthright ( which they are bound by oath and duty to maintain ) as this ensuing Charter of King Charles himself will demonstrate , to their eternall refutation . Anno duodecimo CAROLI , pars sexta Novemb 2. Commis. visitat . Archiepiscopo Cant. REX omnibus ad quos , &c. Suborta nuper lite & controversia inter Reverendissimum in Christo Patrem Archiepiscopum Cantuariensem , & Vniversitates nostras Oxonii & Cantebrigiae super jure & titulo visitationis Metropoliticae Universitatum praedictarum , praefato Archiepiscopo jus visitandi praedictas Universitates sibi & Ecclesiae suae Metropoliticae Christi Cantuariensi vendicante ; praefatisque Universitatibus se a visitatione praedicta exemptas esse pretendentibus ; liteque & controversia praedictis , ad Nos & judicium & sententiam nostram Regiam delatis , Nos ad stabiliendam pacem inter partes praedictas & ad tollendam in perpetuum bujusmodi controversiae materiam , Reverendissimum in Christo Patrem praedictum & perquàm fidelem Consiliarium nostrum Willielmum , providentia divina Archiepiscopum Cantuariensem totius Angliae Primatum & Metropolitanum , & Vniversitatis Oxonii Cancellarium , Necnon perdilectum & perquàm fidelem consanguineum & Censiliarium nostrum Henricum Comitem Holland , Vniversitatis Cantebrigiae Cancellarium , aliosque nonnullos a praedictis Universitatibus mandata sufficientia habentes , venire fecimus coram Nobis & Consiliariis Nostris in Aula Nostra apud honorem Nostrum de Hampton Court vicessimo primo die mensis Junii , Anno Regni Nostri duodecimo ; ibidemque auditis & intellectis quae per partes praedictas hinc inde dici & allegari potuerunt , habitaque cum praefatis Consiliariis Nostris deliberatione matura , ad definiendam & dejudicandam litem & controversiam praedictam processimus in modum fequentem . Primò & ante omnia per probationes legitimas & per confessionem utriusque partis , Nobs constabat , Nos jure Coronae nostrae Regni Angliae habuisse & habere potestatem visitandi Universitates praedictas quoties & quandocunque Nobis & Successoribus nostris visum ● fuerit : praefatumque Archiepiscopum jure Ecclesiae suae Metrop●●●ticae Christi Cantuariensis habuisse , & habere potestatem visitandi totam Provinciam suam Cantuariensem , in qua Universitates praedictae positae sunt . Cum verò ex parte Universitatum propositum esset , Universitates praedictas per quasdam Chartas nostras & Praedecessorum nostrorum , & Bullas Papales fuisse exemptas & immunes ab omni visitatione & jurisdictione Archiepiscopi praedicti , eandemque immunitatem ligitima temporis usu fuisse praescriptam ; ex parte praefati Archiepiscopi coram Nobis ostensum & probatum fuit , tres Praedecessores suos Archiepiscopos Cantuarienses actualiter visitasse Universitates praedictas jure Ecclesiae suae Metropoliticae Christi Cantuariensis , & non per potestatem legitimam ; ortaque olim lite inter Archiepiscopum Canturiensem & Universitatem Oxon. super jure visitationis praedictae tempore Richardi secundi Praedecessoris Nostri , Regis Angliae , eundem Praedecessorem Nostrum plenè auditis quae per partes utrinque proponi potuerint , pro Archiepiscopo & jure visitationis suae judicasse ; eademque controversia itorum emergente inter Archiepiscopum Cantuariensem & Universitatem Oxon. tempore Henrici quarti Praedecessoris Nostri Regis Angliae , eundem Praedecessorem Nostrum similiter pro Archiepiscopo praedicto & JURE VISITATIONIS SUAE PRAEDICTAE PRONUNCIASSE ET DETERMINASSE , EASDEMQUE SENTENTIAS ET DETERMINATIONES PER ACTUM PARLIAMENTI Anno tertiodecimo Henrici quarti fuisse ratificatas & confirmatas . Quinetiam Nobis constabat , praedictas exemptiones & immunitates a visitatione Metropolitica Archiepiscopi Cantuariensis , vel earum aliquam , per aliquam Chartam Nostram vel Praedecessorum Nostrorum non fuisse concessas , easdemque per Bullas Papales concedi non potuisse , nec per cursum temporis citra actuales visitationes Archiepiscoporum praedictorum fuisse legitimè praescriptas , nec de jure Nostro Ecclesiastico potuisse praescribi : praefatus●● Archiepiscopus coram Nobis protulit schedulam subscriptam manibus Magistrorum Collegiorum Universitatis Cantebrigiensts in qua Magistri pro se & Universitate sua , privilegiis & immuntatibus Papalibus Universitati praedictae concessis , renunciabant . Quibus omnibus per Nos consideratis , habitaque deliberatione cum praefatis consiliariis Nostris , JUDICAVIMUS ET DETERMINAVIMUS JUS VISITANDI CANCELLARIOS , MAGISTROS ET SCHOLARES UNIVERSITATUM PRAEDICTARUM , SUCCESSORUM SUORUM , EORVMQUE SERVIENTIUM , ALIARUMQUE PERSONARUM PRO TEMPORE EXISTENTIUM LIBERTATI ET PRIVILEGIIS UNIVERSITATUM PREFAT. UTENTIVM , NECNON UNIVERSITATUM PRAEDICTARVM VT VNIVERSITATES , SPECTARE ET PERTINERE ad praefatum Archiepiscopum & SVCCESSORES SVOS & Ecclesiam Metropoliticam praedictam , PER SE , COMMISSARIVM SEV COMMISSARIOS SVOS EXERCENDVM : Et quod praefati Cancellarii , Magistri , Scholares , & reliquae personae Privilegiis Vni . versitatum utentes , eorumque Successores , PERPETVIS FVTVRIS TEMPORIBVS EIDEM ARCHIEPISCCPO ET SVOCESSORIBVS SVIS , EORVMVE COMMISSARIIS IN VISITATIONE ET JVRISDICTIONE VNIVERSITATVM PRAEDICTARVM IN OMNIBVS PAREANT ET OBEDIANT . Cum vero coram Nobis praeterea proponeretur non satis constare quoties & visitatio praedictarum Vnivesitartum exerceri debeat , ad amputandas similes controversias in futuro , Ordinavimus , quod licebit praefato Archiepiscopo & Successoril us suis VISITARE VNIVERSITATES PRAEDICTAS NON TANTVM SEMEL IN VITA , sicut in reliquis partibus Provinciae Cātuariensis nuper visitat . suit , verii ETIAM QUOD LICEBIT IIS EORUMQUE SINGULIS POST PRIMAM VISITATIONEM METROPOLITICAM FINITAM PRAEDICTAS VNIVERSITATES PER SE VEL COMMISSARIOS SVOS VISITARE QVOTIESCVNQVE ILLVD NECESSARIVM PRAEFATIS ARCHIEPISCOPIS VISVM FVERIT EX CAVSA RATIONABILI ET LEGITIMA PER NOS ET SVCCESSORES NOSTRO SP RIMITVS APPROBANDA . Cumque praeterea coram Nobis proponeretur , ex parte Cancellarii praedicti , futurum valdè incommodum sibi & successoribus suis pro dignitate personarum suarum , si in visitationibus praedictis personaliter debeant comparere ; declaravimus , jure satis consultum esse eorum incommodis in hac parte , cum possint in visitationibus praedictis per Procuratores suos comparere . Denique per praefatum Archiepiscopum a Nobis humiliter petitum fuit , hoc Nostrum judicium & declaratio potestatis visitandi Vniversitates praedictas sibi & successoribus suis jure Ecclesiae Metropoliticae Christi Cantuariensis , competent . non possint in futuro extendi ad EPISCOPOS ET ARCHIDIACONOS LOCORVM IN QUIBUS VNIVERSITATES PRAEDICT. POSITAE SVNT : Et ut praefatae Vniversitates per praefatos Episcopos & Archidiaconos IMPOSTERVM NON POSSINT VISITARI : Et ut hoc nostrum judicium , ordinationem & determinationem sub magno sigillo Angliae concedere confirmari dignaremus : cujus petitioni annuentes , declaravimus , QVOD VNIVERSITATES PRAEDICTAE PER EPISCOPOS ET ARCHIDIACONOS PRAEDICTOS IMPOSTERVM NON VISITENTVR . Et hoc Nostrum judicium , ordinationem & declarationem sub magno sigillo Angliae communiri , & confirmari jussimus . Mandantes praefatis Cancellariis Magistris & Scholaribus Vniversitatum praedictarum ut VISITATIONI PRAEFATI ARCHIEPISCOPI ET SVCCESSORVM SVORVM SE SVBMITTANT , ET VT NVLLAM EXEMPTIONEM SEV IMMVNITATEM ADVERSVS VISITATIONEM PRAEDICTAM SIBI VENDICARE PRAESVMANT . In cujus rei , &c. T. R. apud Westm. tricessimo die Januarii , Anno Regni Caroli Regis Angl. &c. duodecimo . Per breve de privato Sigillo . By all these recited Histories and Records it is unquestionably apparent , both in point of fact and right too , That the Archbishops of Canterbury have from time to time visited the Universities both of Oxford and Cambridge , the severall Colledges and Hals in them , by their meer Metropolitical right . That this right of theirs , and jurisdiction over the Universities , was never opposed , nor this Plea or Priviledge of the King's sole right , ever pretended or insisted on till 20. R. 2. and that only by a factious party in the University of Ozford . That this King himself , on whom that Prerogative was first fixed , did by an expresse Charter and Decree absolutely disclaim , and adjudge it for the Archbishops , against the University of Oxford , upon a solemn reference of the whole businesse to him . That when the Vniversity of Oxford renewed it again , King Henry the fourth , to whose determination the Vniversity and Archbishop submitted the descision thereof , adjudged it for the Archbishops against the Vniversity , and disclaimed this pretended Prerogative of his sole visiting she Vniversities : which determination of his was ratified by the Lords and Commons in Parliament , as a binding Decree against the Vniversity , and their Successors : That the Archbishops of Canterbury enjoyed the Privilege of visiting the Vniversities without dispute , till 12. Caroli , who upon full hearing of both Vniversities and the Archbishop , before himself and his Councell , by his Letters Patents under the great Seal , confirmed the descisions of Richard the second , and Henry the fourth , and the Archbishops Metropolitical right of visiting the Vniversities , notwithstanding all Pleas , Buls and Charters alledged for their exemprion ; and likewise disavowed his own pretended right of sole visiting the Vniversities as Vniversities ; That the Popes Buls now insisted on for exempting the Vniversities from Episcopal and Archiepiscopal jurisdiction and visitation , have been renounced by the Vniversities themselves , and declared null and void by these three Kings , and the Parliament of 13. H. 4. and no bar at all to the Archbishops right then , much lesse to the Parliaments now : That no Kings of England ever visited the Vniversities till King Henry the eighth , and that neither his visitation of the Vniversity by his Commissioners ( if reall ) nor K. Edward the sixt by his , nor the Statutes of 26. H. 8. c. 1. 25 H. 8. c. 19 , 31. nor 1 & 2 Phil. & Mary c. 8. nor 1 Eliz. c. 1. did deprive the Archbishops of Canterbury of this jurisdiction , nor yet the Bishop of the Diocesse , whose jurisdiction continued till the twelft yeer of King Charles , as this clause in his Letters Patens , Declaramus quod Vniversitates praedictae per Episcopos & Archidiaconos IN POSTERVM NON VISITENTVR , intimates : which fully makes good my second , and fift position too , in every particuler branch . I shall be briefe in proof of my third . That Cardinal Poole Archbishop of Canterbury , in the third and fourth yeer of Queen Maries Reigne , as Popes Legat , visited both Vniversities , is thus related by Matthew Parker his immediate successor , Antiqu. Eccles. Brit. p. 422. Reginaldus Polus in LEGATIONE ADMINISTRANDA , quia ●um in vivis vix aliqui Evangelici quas flammis extingueret noti essent , in mortuos saevire decrevit . Ac primum Cantuariensem Diocaesim VISITAVIT ; deinde CANTEBRIGIENSEM ET OXONIENSEM ACADEMIAS , Johanni Christophersono Cicestrensi , & Cutberto Scoto Cestrensi Episcopis , necnon Colo , & maximè Ormaneto ( quem omnit us rebus praefecit ) LVSTRANDAS , & ad Pontificiam ●mussim atque normam reducendas commisit . Hi c●●m in collegi●s omnia perturbassent , novisque duris legibus multorum juvenum praeclar●s indoles a studiis prorsus alienassent , ne quid crudelitatis omitterent , mort●orum sepulchra violarunt , &c. The whole form and proceedings of their visitation of the Vniversity and Colledges of Cambridge , is at large recorded by Master Fox in his Acts and Monuments , Edit. 1640. Vol. 3. p. 762 , to 780. where those who please may read them at their leisure ; both the Vniversities submitting to his Visitors visitation of them , not onely as Archbishop , but Popes Legat too : cui Papa commisii visitationem & reformationem Studiorum generalium ; as he expressed in his Processe : This Cardinal altered the old , and made new Statutes for the Vniversities , rejecting those made by King Edward the sixt his authority , which Statutes of his are yet remaining among the Records of both Vniversities . That the Chancellours of both Universities have anciently , and at this day claimed a power of jurisdiction and visitation too ( in some cases ) over them , is confessed and argued by the University of Cambridge , in the Summary Brief of their Reasons , forecited , p. 29 , 32. they alledging this as one principall reason , why they should be exempt from all Episcopall and Archiepiscopall jurisdiction and visitation too , in some cases : and the University of Oxford , ( as is apparent by the words of the Commission of Queen Elizabeth , 23. Aprilis , 19 Eliz. ) made the se●● same Plea and suggestion against Archbishop Grinda●s jurisdiction in receiving an Appeal from William Wilson ( Rector elect of Lincoln-colledge in Oxford ) against the Bishop of Lincoln and his Visitors , who refused to admit him Rector of chat Colledge , That the Chancell●ur of the Vniversity of OXFORD , time out of mind , had been in quiet possession of this Priviledge among others : Quod Doctores , Magistri & Scholares omnes & singuli dictae & Academiae , ab omni jurisdictione , Dominio vel potestate quorumcunque Archiepiscoporum , etiam Legatorum natorum , necnon Episcoporum , aliorum Ordinariorum , & judicum quorumcunque quoad omnes Contractiones , vel quasi initos infra praedictam Vniversitatem , & quoad OMNIA CRIMINA , vel quasi & PVNITIONEM corundem ( exceptis prae-exceptis , mahemia , & felonia , & Assisis , & placitis de libero tenemento ) & quoad OMNES ACTVS SCHOLASTICOS , quamdi● degerint in e●dem Vniversitate , sunt exempti & totalitèr liberati , & praedicto CANCELLARIO SUBJECTI . Et quod CANCELLARIUS praedictae Vniversitatis OMNEM ET OMNIMODAM JURISDICTIONEM ECCLESIASTICAM ET SPIRITUALEM IN PRADICTOS SCHOLARES ET ALIAS PERSONAS EXERCERE LIBERE ET LICITE POSSIT ET VALEAT . The reality of which pretended exemption , priviledges and infringment of them by Wilson's Appeal , the Queen referred to the examination and determination of the Bishops of London and Rochester , Christopher Wray chief Baron of the Exchequer , Sir William Cordell Master of the Rols , Thomas Wilson Doctor of Law , one of the Masters of Request● , Iohn Gibbons , Doctor of Law , and one of the Masters of the Chancery , and Iohn Griffeth Doctor of Law , or any seven , six , five , four , three or two of them ; but what they did or determined therein is uncertain . If then the Popes Legats and the Chancellours of both Universities , have exercised , and time out of minde enjoyed such jurisdiction over the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge ; their pretence , of being subject onely to the King's visitation and jurisdiction , must necessarily be disclaimed , being directly contrary to their own expresse claims , in relation to their Chancellours . My fourth position , That the particular Colledges , Hals and Members of the Vniversity have their particular Visitors appointed by their founders and private Statutes , to whose visitation and jurisdiction they are subject , not to the King's alone ; is such a known truth , that I need not prove it , having given some touches upon it * already in Lincoln-colledge and Brasennose . The rather , because the author of the Priviledges of the University of Oxford , p. 6. makes this Argument against the Visitors present jurisdiction , We have yet a more strict and particular Obligation , being sworn by our respective Statutes , to allow and submit to no visitation but from those who are nominated by our Founders . And the common and Statute Law of England allows the Founders of any Colledge , Abbey , Hospital , Free-school or Free-Chappel , without cure of souls , to visit or nominate those who shall visit the same , as is evident by 8 Ass. 29. 8. E. 369. 13 Ass. 2. 11 H 4 12. 84. 27 E. 3 84. 6 H. 714. Fitz. Nat. Bre. 42. a. b. 50. 〈…〉 . Brook Praemunire 1. 5. H. 5. c. 1. 25 H. 8 c. 21. 43 Eliz. c. 4. Now of all the Colledges or Hals in the University of Oxford , as Doctor Fell ( the pretended Vice Chancellour alledged before the Committee of Lords and Commons for regulating the University ) there is none but Christ . Church onely , of which the King is immediate Visitor , ( and that originally founded by Cardinal Woolsey , not the Kings Progenitors ) and no more but it and * Orial colledge , and St. Mary-Hall ( founded by K. Edward the 2d ) and Iesus-colledge ( founded by Qu. Elizabeth ) whereof the King and his Progenitors have been Founders ; which three later have their particular Visitors appointed by their Founders Statutes : and no Colledge in the University of Cambridge but Kings-colledge , Trinity-colledge any Christs-colledge , whereof the King's Ancestors are immediate Founders ; how then the King can truly and really be stiled , the sole Founder or Visitor of both or either our Universities ( there being but three Colledges in Oxford , and three in Cambridge of his foundation , and but one of his visitation ) I desire the University at leisure to resolve , since this their Plea , We have yet a more strict & particular obligation , being sworn by our respective Statutes , to allow and submit TO NO VISITATION but from those who are appointed by our Founders , quite subverts their grand pretended Priviledge , and strongest Plea in Bar ( which the Author of The Priviledges of the Vniversity of Oxford undertakes to make good ) That the right of visiting the Vniversity of Oxford , is onely in the King's Majesty , and that it is exempt from all other jurisdiction , by its Foundation , Prescription and grants of Exemption ; when as I have proved it to be anciently and legally subject both to the jurisdiction and visitation of the Bishops of Lincoln , of the Archbishops of Canterbury , the Popes Legats , the Chancellour ; and the Colledges and Hals as Members of it , to sundry particular Visitors , appointed by their respective Statutes and Founders ; the two last whereof themselves acknowledge and urge too . Which fully refutes the King's pretended royall Monopoly of sole visiting the University , which himself and his Progenitors have severall times disclaimed and resolved against in expresse terms , as I have manifested . My fift position is * already substantially proved in every syllable , in the evidence for probat of the second ; which I shall not repeat , but only conclude , the Author of the Vniversities Priviledges was very ill advised to plead Popes exploded , illegal , antichristiā Buls in Bar against the jurisdiction of both houses , and the Visitors deputed by them , in these Anti-papal times of Reformation , which might justly induce them to suspect , that the Heads and Members of the University have a higher and more reverent esteem of the Popes usurped , abandoned authority , and illegal Buls , then of both houses rightfull Power and Ordinances , which they would have these voyd Papall Buls ( no better then the white Bull in Osny Tower ) controll , though the very Letter of them extends onely to exempt themselves from Archiepiscopal and Episcopal , not Parliamentary jurisdiction and visitation , no more then Regall . These five positions being all confirmed , and the Universities pretended grand Priviledge and false Plea thereby sufficiently refuted , I shall next examine and refeil the false grounds and impertinent Evidences produced by their advocate to make them good , and so leave them without excuse . The first ground in maintainance of this exemption is , That the Vniversity of Oxford wholly refers to the King , as its Originall & Founder ; That almest 800. yeers since , King Alured not onely founded publick Schools of Arts & Lectures , but their Priviledges & Immunities , having gotten them confirmed by the then Pope ; That the Vniversity ever submitted and she●●●red themselves under the title of the Kings Foundation & yet do . For which some Instruments of the University to K. Richard the 2d , and others , wherein they recite they are Vestrae fundationis & Patronqtus , are cited in the Margin : Now all Societies whereof the King or his Predecessors were Founders , are ONELY VISITABLE BY THE KING , by the common Law of this Realm 6 H. 7 f. 14. 2 H. 5 ( I suppose he intends the Statute of 2 H. 5 c 1. since there is nothing in the yeer book to that purpose . ) To this I answer , first , That the originall Founder of the University of Oxford is not certainly known : Secondly , That King Alured was not the first Founder of this Vniversity , or of Schools and Lectures in it , ( which had been time out of mind before , as Master Cambden in his Britiania , p. 378. proves out of Ass●r ) but onely the Restorer and Repairer of them , recalling the long banished Muses unto their own sacred cels , it being a Vniversity above three hundred yeers before at lest ; its Orders and Ordinances for Lectures , &c. being made and established by Gildas , Melkin , Ninnius , Kentigerne , and other godly and learned men , which Saint German wondrous well allowed of ● which the old Schoolmen of the Vniversity proved by the undoubted testimony of old Chronicles before King Alured , in their contest with Grimbald their Divinity Professor there : And it is one thing to be a Founder , another a Repairer or enlarger ; else every Founder of a new Colledge or School in the Vniversity , or Repairer of an old one , should be the Founder of the University and Colledge it self . Thirdly , That this King conferred any Priviledges or Immunities on this Vniversity , & got them confirmed by the Pope ; I find no satisfactory evidence : but admit he did , this makes him no more a Founder of the Vniversity , then Edward the 3d , Richard the 2d , King Henry the 8th , Queen Elizabeth , King Iames , or King Charles , who confirmed and allowed the Vniversities ancient priviledges . Fourthly , there are only three Colledges and one Hall in Oxford now remaining of the King's and his Predecessors foundation , and one of them Christ-church , was really founded by Cardinal Wool●ey as a Colledge , and by the * King onely as a Deanary and Cathedral ; all other Colledges and Hals , with the publike Schools and Library had other Founders ; therfore the King and his Progenitors cannot be properly stiled , the sole Founder of the whole Vniversity , and so the onely Visitors by the common Law . Fiftly , the Parliament it self ( to speak properly ) is the true reall Founder and establisher of both Vniversities , they being incorporated and made capable to sue , purchase and enjoy all their Priviledges and Lands without controversie , onely by an act of Parliament in the 13. yeer of Queen Elizabeth , rot. 36. the title whereof is onely mentioned in the printed Acts ; therefore the Parliament being the true Founders of it , have best right to visit it by the common Law , by us their Commissioners , as this Objection proves . Sixtly , this plea , That the Vniversity is of the King's foundation only , ( as the Objector grants ) is but the Vniversities own device , who anciently did , and yet do shelter themselves under the title of it , against their lawfull Visitors , and are very ill advised to fly to this false shelter now , since three Kings and one Parliament have severall times driven them from it , as the premises evidence . Seventhly , admit the antecedent true , that the King and his Predecessors were sole Founders of the Vniversity , yet the sequell is unfound : Ergo they only are the Visitors of it , and none others , seeing I have proved , that others have of right visited and had jurisdiction in and over it as a Vniversity from time to time , besides our Kings , and that of right , by our Kings and Parliaments resolutions , notwithstanding this pretext of being sole Founders . Eightly , the King and his progenitors by their Charters are as much Founders of every Corporation , every Company of Merchants and other Tradesmen in London and other Cities , as of the Vniversities ; will it therefore follow , Ergo , none must visit or regulate them but the King , and the houses of Parliament , the Committees for Trades , Complaints , Grievances , Clothiers , Weavers , &c. may not regulate nor reform them , much lesse the Lord Major and Court of Aldermen , as they have usually done . Ninthly , the Book of 6 H. 7 14. is no resolution , but a private opinion ; It only speaks of the Kings free Chappels without cure , which he or his Chancellours shall visit , not the Bishop , but by Commission ; not of Vniversities or Colledges , the thing in question ; nor yet of Monasteries , Churches and Chappels with cure of souls , which the Archbishop and Bishop of the Diocesse shall visit , though built , founded and endowed by the King himself , as this very Law-book [ 6 H. 7 14. ] grants ; whence most ancient Abbies founded by our Kings , were exempted from archiepiscopal and Episcopal visitation and jurisdiction by special Charters confirmed in * Parliament , and Popes Buls , the King's meer foundation and Charters alone being no legall exemption from their power by the common or Canon Law . As for the Statute of 2 H. 5 c. 1. it speaks only of Hospitals of the King's foundation , that the Ordinaries shall visit them by his Commission , not of Colledges or Vniversities ; without the words and intention of the act . Tenthly , this and other Law-books onely say , that the Bishop shall not visit Hospitals and Free-Chappels of the King's foundation ; but no Book avers , the Houses of Parliament may not visit them nor their Delegates : and to argue , the Bishop of the Diocesse may not visit the King's Free-Chappels or Hospitals ; Ergo , the Parliament may not do it ; is no better Logick then ; The Ordinary cannot visit nor reform the greatest Officers of State , the Cours of Justice at Westminster , the Kings own Court ; nor any civil abuses , and publike grievances : Ergo , the Houses of Parliament cannot do it . Yea , all our Books agree , that the Bishop by Commission , under the great Seal , may lawfully visit the Kings Freechappels & Foundations , and the stat . of 2. H. ● . c. 1. enacts as much : But we have such a Commission to visit the University , therefore we may lawfully do it . These answers , I suppose , have sufficiently shaken the sandy foundation of the Universities Exemption , the Kings Foundation of it , whereon they most rely . Yea , but the Objector learnedly replys , p. 3. Here you may please to consider , that the Foundation of the Vniversity being the Kings personal act , his interest lies not within the reach of that Beaten evasion , of a publike and politique Capacity . I answer , I understand not wel what he means by the Kings personal act : Unless the act of the King in his natural Capacity , as a Man , not in his Politick , as a King . If so , then it follows : 1. That the King and his Progenitors , as Kings in their publike and politick Capacities , were not founders of the University , but only in their natural , as private men ; which subverts his own assertion and foundation . 2. That this priviledg of a Founder is not annexed to the Kings publike and politick , but natural and personal Capacity , and so not descendible nor hereditary ; since personal actions , acts and priviledges , by the rules of the Law , * die with the person . If he mean by the Kings personal act ; that the King in person , laid the very first Foundation stone of the University with his own hands ; or writ and sealed the Patent or Charter that first founded it , himself , and not by any Substitutes or Officers : This wil b● hard for him to prove ; and the sequel wil be ; That the King only in his own Royal person , must visit the Vniversity now ; but net by any Commissioners or Delegates ; and so all his other Foundations , contrary to all former presidents , Statutes and Law-books , that he may visit them by Commissioners , which the Un●versities Answer acknowledgeth , and himself to● The next * Ground of Exemption urged , is pre-scription and Bulls of Popes ; both which being abandantly refuted in the premised positions , and no plea at all against both Houses of Parliament , or any power derived from them , ( not mentioned , nor included in , nor yet confinable by these Bulls ) though they might hold good against any ordinary or inferior Jurisdiction , if true , I shall here therefore pretermi● without further Answer . The 3d , ground of Exemption alleaged , it * grants of Exemption by Popes , allowed and confirmed by Charters from several Kings , both by themselves and in Parliaments ; to prove which , there are quoted in the Margin some Popes Buls , out of H●re , the old book of Oxford Statutes , and the Senior Proctors Book , with this addition , 25. H. 8. c. 21. All power of Visitation is given only to such , as shall have immediate Authority by the Kings Commission , under the great Seal of England , in places formerly exempted ; as COLLEDGES &c. All Letters , Patents heretofore made by the Kings Progenitors , in behalf of the Vniversities , are confirm'd by act of Parliament . 13. Eliz. & 19. Eliz. part . 13. in Dorso ; The Priviledges of the Vniversity are confirm'd in the very words of Boniface , 8. acknowledged they had them by prescription ; the immediate subjection of the Vniversity to the Authority and Iurisdiction of the Prince , and all their other Exemptions ratified ; and those acknowledged to be sworn to , in the Oath taken by every Graduate . These are all the evidences of moment produced to make good this ground . I answer . 1. That all these Popes Bulls of Exemption now insist●●●on , were so farr from being allowed and confirmed by Charters from several Kings , both by themselves and in Parliaments ; that King Richard the 2. and King Henry the 4. by both their Charters , and in Parliament , upon solemn debate , disallowed , ●ulled and declared them meerly void , and the University it self , absolutely renounced them as nullities and prejudicial , in both their Raigns : King Charles himself by his Charter , ratifying and approving their resolutions herein , as I have proved . Therefore this allegation is a most palpable falshood , there being no one Charter , nor Act of Parliament that ever allowed or confirmed them before or since these Kings Declarations of their nullity . And admit these Bulls so confirmed , yet they ex end only to exempt the University from Archiepiscopal , or Ordinaries Visitations and Jurisdictions , not from the Kings or Parliaments , not mentioned nor intended in them . I shall close up this with Matthew Parkers Authority , the first Arch Bishop of Canterbury , in Queen Elizabeths Raign . De Antiqu. Eccles. Brit. p. 35 , ( before the Arch-Bishops lives ) where thus he writes of the Jurisdiction of the Arch Bishop of Canterbury , even in this Queens Raign , & of these Popes Buls nullity . Episcopatus et Diocaeses suae Provinciae quandocunque , et quocunque ordine sibi videbitur expedire , visitat &c. Tamque latè patent hujus Archiepiscopatus privilegia , ut in loca firmissimi● septa ac munita privilegijs se insinuent . Multa onim loca quae a Metropolitica et Ordinaria Iurisdictione se eximi procurassent , ab hujus tamen Authoritate immunia ac tuta esse non poterant . Inter quae ILLAE CELEBRES CANTABRIGIENSIS ET OXONIENSIS in Anglia ACADEMIAE , quanquam peculiaria jura , et exemptionis privilegia sibi quondam á Papa concedi procurassent , illis tamen authoritate posteá Regia irriti● ac rescissis , IN CANTVARIENSIS ARCHIEPISCOPI AVTHORITATEM SESE REDDIDERVNT , et tam VISITATIONES SVAS SVBIRE COGVNTVR , quàm ad Synodalia sua concilia per Cancellarios acceduxt : In Cantabrigiae Collegio S. Petri , cujus Eleensts Episcopus est patronus , sede vacante , tàm Praefectum quàm socios admittit , et uni scholarium cui gratificare voluerit , vacantsem societatem confert . OXONII , Collegiorum omnium animarum , et Mertoniensis est Patronus , ac in utrisque Ordinariam et OMNIMODAM JVRISDICTIONEM EXERCET . So that he reputed this Jurisdiction of visiting the Vniversities , a Right belonging to the Arch-Bishops of Canterbury , notwithstanding any pretended exemptions , Charters or Statutes to the contrary , then in being ; or the Bulls of Pope Boniface the 8 , which Ioannes Cajus : De AntiqueCantabrig . Academiae , p. 71. confesseth to be abolished , by the Le●ters Patents of K. Richard the 2. made to Arch-Bishop Arundel , in the 20. year of his Raign , and after confirmed by King Henry the fourth , and an act of Parliament , in the 13 year of his Raign ; as the Premises at large demonstrate . 2. I answer , that the objected clause of the Act of Parliament 25. H. 8. c. 21. extends not at all to the Vniversity of Oxford , or any Colledges in it , as is most evident by the express words of the proviso , which I shal here transcribe . Provided always , that the said Arch-Bishop of Canterbury , or any other person or persons , shal have no power or authority , by reason of this act , to visit or vex any Monasteries , Abbies , Priories , Colledges , Hospitall , houses , or other places Religious . Which be or were exempt , before the making of this act , any thing in this act to the contrary thereof notwithstanding . But that Redress , Visitation and Confirmation shall be had by the Kings highness , his heires and successors , by Commission under the Great Seal , to be directed to such persons as shal be requisite for the same , in such Monaster●●s Colledges , Hospitals , Priories , houses and places Religious , exempt . So that no Visitation nor Confirmation shal from henceforth be had or made in , or at any such Monasteries , Colledges , Hospitals , Priories , houses and places Religious Exempt , by the said Bishop of Rome ; nor by any of his authority , nor by any out of the Kings Dominions ; nor that any person Religious , or other resiant in any the Kings Dominions , shal from henceforth depart out of the Kings Dominions , to or for any Visitation , Congregation , or assembly for Religion . But that all such Visitations , Congregations , and Assemblies shal be within the Kings Dominions . By this it is apparant . First , that this act extends only to such * Colledges , is were Religious Houses , consisting of Menks and Friors , not to Colledges of Schollars in the University , as the coupling it with Monasteries , Abbies , Priories , and other Places RELIGIOVS , and the last clause : Nor that ANY PERSON RELIGIOVS , depart out of the Kings D●minions , to or for any Visitation or Assembly FOR RELIGION , manifests : 2. That it excludes only the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury , his Commissaries , and under-Officers , formerly mentioned in the body of the Act ( the any other person or persons , intended in this clause ) from visiting these exempted Colledges and Religious Houses : and that not simply , but BY REASON OF THIS ACT : Not the Houses of Parliament , or any V●sitors of their appointment , 3. It extends only to Colledges , not to Vniversities , not once named or intended in this Law : And a Colledg ( especially of Monks and Religious persons as here ) is one thing , a Vniversity another , by the Objectors own concession . p. 6. 4. It reacheth only to such Colledges and Places Religious , as were exempt from Archiepiscopal and Episcopal Vis●●ation , AT , & BEFORE THE MAKING OF THIS ACT ; Therefore , not to the Universities and Colledges of Oxford and Cambridg , which at and before its making were not exempt , but subject both to the Arch-Bishops and Bishops Visitation and Jurisdiction , as I have largely proved , 5. Such exempt Colledges as are within this Act , are to be visited , not by the King in person , or such persons as he shall personally nominate , as the Objector dreams ( no such words being in this Act ) but , BY COMMISSION UNDER THE GREAT SEAL , TO SUCH PERSONS AS SHAL BE APPOINTED , and requisite for the same ; & that either by both houses of Parliament , or by the Keepers of the Great Seal , who usually nominate and appoint all Commissioners of the Peace , Sewers , Oyer and Terminer , for Visitations , Inquiries , and the like , not the King in person . And the present Visitors of Oxford , being thus appointed by Ordinance of both Houses , and by commission under the Great Seal ; are sufficiently authorized to visit the Vniversity and Colledges in it , admit them places exempt within this proviso , as they are not . 6. Admit all that can be ; it is clear , that both H●uses of Parliament by this Law conferred the Power of visiting Monasteries , Abbies , Priories , Colledges , Hospitals , houses , and other places Religious , exempt before this act , from Archiepiscopal and Ordinary Visitation , on the King , his heires and successors ; who could not confer it on themselves . Ergo , by the self-same reason , both Houses may now by Ordinance and Commission , lawfully conferre the like power of visiting the University , though formerly exempted , on the Visitors now appointed by them ; they being the supream Visitors and Reformers of all corruptions and abuses , both in Church and State , and appointing who shal be Visitors , and what person or person shal be visited , and what things inquired of in Visitations , in sundry other Acts of Parliament , as 31. E. 1. Rastal 304. 2 H. 5. c. 1. 25. H. 8. c. 21. 26. H. 8. c. 21. 26. H. 8. c. 1. 28. H. 8. c. 10. 31. H. 8. c. 13. 14. 2. E. 6. c. 1. 5. E. 6. c. 3. 1. & 2. Phil. & Mary , c. 1. 8. 1. Eliz. c. 1. 2. 14. Eliz. c. 5. 3. I answer , it is true , That the ancient Priviledges , Liberties and Franchises of the respective Vniversities of Oxford and Cambridge , heretofore granted , ratified and confirmed by the Queens Highness , and her most noble Progenitors , for the better increase of learning , and further suppressing of Vice , are confirmed by Act of Parliament , An 13. Eliz. rot . 36. which incorporates both Vniversities ; but it neither confirmed the Popes Bulls of exemption , nor gave them any Immunity from Archiepiscopal or Episcopal Jurisdiction and Visitation , it being no ancient Libertie , Priviledg , or Franchise , ratified or confirmed to them by the Queen , or any of her noble Progenitors , nor yet once mentioned or intended in the Large Patent of Priviledges , of King Henry the 8. bearing date the 10 , of April . in the 14 , year of his R●ign , made and granted to the Chancellor , and Schollars of Oxford , nor in Queen Elizabeths Patent to the Chancellor , Masters and Schollars of the University of Cambridge , bearing date the 26 , of April , in the 3 , years of her Raign , particularly confirmed by this Act. Therefore this Act makes nothing at all to purpose . 4. The Objected Commission in 19 , Eliz , part . 12. in dors● , pretends no exemption of the Vniversity and Colledges from Archiepiscopoll and Episcopall Visitation and Jurisdiction simply ; the thing not then in question ; neither doth it acknowledg or confirm the Vniversities Priviledges , and all other Exemptions , in the very words of Boniface the 8. and acknowledg they had them by prescription &c. as is untruly surmised . But first , it mentions divers priviledges then claimed by the Chancellor , Doctors and Schollars of the Vniversity , and some exemptions in causes wholly belonging to the Chancellors conusance ; and next it only complains of William Wilsons infringing these Priviledges and Exemptions contrary to his Oath , in complaining to the Deane of the Arches of Canterbury , and to Arch-Bishop Grindal , against the Bishop of Lincoln , and his Visitors of Lincoln Colledg in Oxford , for refusing to admit him to the Rectorship thereof to which he falsly pretended he was really and lawfully elected and presented ; and for sending Inhabitions and Citations thence to the Bishop and his Visitors ( who were Members of the Vniversity ) to appear in the Arches , and with taking the final Examination and Determination of this election unto themselves , which of right belonged to the Chancellor and University . Upon which bare suggestion and complaint , the Queen granted a Commission to two Bishops and six others , in a summary way ; without any noise or formal proceedings , according to the truth and meer equity of the cause , by the best and most effectual means they could ; De et super VERITATE PRAEMISSORVM et PRIVILEGIORVM et EXEMPTIONVM DICTAE VNIVERSITATIS , ac in causa et causis praedictis &c. procedere , et fine debito , omni appellatione et querela nuillitatis , et supplicatione quacunque remotis , terminare ; statutis , Canonibus , et consuetudinibus in contrarium editis , litisve pendentibus , in aliquo non obstante . So as this Commission doth no ways confirm the priviledges , nor ratifie the exemptions therein claimed by the Chancellor and Vniversity , by Charter , statutes and prescription ; for then it would have remitted this cause of Election from the Deane of the Arches , and Arch Bishops Delegates to the Chancellor and Vniversity ( to whom by ancient Priviledg they alleaged it did belong ) but only refers the Examination of the truth of the Premises , Priviledges , Exemptions , and Determination of this cause and controversy about this Election to certain Commissioners , thus summarily to determine , any Statutes , Canons , Customes , or suits depending to the contrary , notwithstanding , and so rather doubts of , and questions the truth of there alleaged Vniversity Priviledges and Exemptions , then confirms them , though procured by the Chancellors and Universities means , and drawn up by their own directions . But admit this Commission ratified and confirmed the Priviledges and Exemptions claimed in it by the Vniversity ; yet the substance of them is no more then this : That * all personal contracts , suits , controversies , and offences of Schollars and Priviledged persons arising within the precincts of the Vniversity ( except maihmes and fellonies ) are to be tried and determined in the Vniversity before the Chancellor only , not before any Arch-Bishops , Legates , Bishops , or Ordinary Judges , out of the Vniversity . Will it therefore follow ; Therefore the Vniversity cannot without multiplied perjury , acknowledg any Visitor but the King , and such as are immediately sent by him ; and is totally exempted , not only from all Archiepiscopal and Episcopal , but likewise from the Parliaments , and their Delegates Visitation ? No doubtless ; the rather , because King Charles himself , and his Couns●● resolved , that neither this Commission , nor * any other Charter of Priviledges or Exemptions , did free the Universities from the Arch-Bishop of Canterburies Metropolitical Visitation , much less then from both Houses Delegates , authorized by Ordinances and Commission for to visit it . The 4th . ground and argument urged for the Universities Exemption from our Visitation , is this . * That all visitations of the Vniversities ( except in Queen Maries Raign , by Cardinal Pool , as Popes Legat ) were held by the respective Princes authority , and the persons visiting were immediatly sent by them , only as their Representatives , and who ever sate , the King visited ; For which one Visitation , by K. Henry the 8. another by King Edward the 6. a third by Queen Elizabeths Visitors & Commissions are cited : therefore the Universities are exempt from all other Visitors , and those now appointed by both Houses , but not immediatly by the King . To this I answer : First , That no King of England before Henry the ● , did either in Person or by Commission visit the Universities ; and his once meer Visitation of them by Commissioners ( if true , since I find no such Commission extant after much inquiry ) was no exemption of them , in point of Law , from their former Visitors , no more then of the particular Colledges ( which they likewise visited ) from the Visitors designed them by their Founders . Secondly , King Edward the 6. his Commission , and Commissioners , for their Visitation , were made by the advice of the Lord Protector , and others of his privy Councel , ( He being then an infant but of 11. years of age ) & not made nor nominated personally and immediately by himself , as the Commissions themselves attest : And for any Commission under the great Seal of Queen Eliz. for the Vniversities Visitation , it is to me a meer non liquet , which I cannot find upon search after it . Thirdly , King Charl● himself and his Counsel resolved upon f●l d●bate● that those Royal Visitations of his Predecessors did not exempt them from the Archbishops Visitation by his metropolitical right . Therefore they can much less priviledg them against the present Visitors , commissioned under the great Seal and armed with both Houses right , from whom our Kings derived their power of Visitation at first . The 5. and principal Plea in point of conscience , most inculcated , is this : * That the Heads and Members of the Vniversity are sworn by their respective Statutes , to allow or submit to no Visitation , but fr●● those who are nominated by their Founder●● Therefore they cannot , without multiplied perjury , submit to the present Visitors . I answ : First , That this Oath obligeth them not as Members of the University , but only as fellows of particular Colledges or Hals : Therfore it cannot be pleaded against our visiting the University in general , but such particular Colledges only who are obliged by such an Oath . Secondly , This Oath was never made not prescribed with any intention to exempt those particular Colledges that take is from the Kings or his Commissioners Visitations , as the Objectors ( I presume ) wil grant , not yet from the Archbishops , ( which I have formerly proved ) though not appointed Visitors by the Founders , to both which these Colledges have submitted , without any perjury or violation of their Oath ; the end whereof was only to exclude all wrongful intrusions of co-ordinate or inferior visitors and persons , upon the Founders right , by way of usurpation , not any superior lawful Jurisdiction or Authority , which the Founders had neither power nor right to ab●idg . This is evident in the common case of Hospital ; which though bound by Oath and Sta●utes to admit no other Visitors but such as their Founders appoint ; yet the Ordinaries both by Statute , Common and Canon Law , 〈◊〉 and ought to visit them notwithstanding , as is evident by 2 H. 5. c. ● by vertue of their superintendent power . Thirdly , This Oath is like the Oath of Homage at the common Law , having an implied ●avi●g●● it , as that hath an express : I become your man from this day forwards of life and limb and of earthly worship , and unto you shal be true and faithful , and bear you faith for the Tenement that I claim to hold of you ; saving the faith that I ow unto our Soveraign Lord the King . O● , salva●fide Deo & terrae Principi . The reason of which Saving is , because the King is the Soveraign Land-lord & Paramount the Mean-lord . Which Oath of Homage . * Walter Bishop of Exon giving to his Tenants in Cornwal , nulla facta mentione de Homagio & Fidelitate Domino Regidebitis : thereupon one Michael de North exhibited an Information against , them in 6. E. 〈…〉 to the Kings Crown , ●i ad damnum & ded●cus ipsius Domino Regis , And upon the same ground it is , that if a man hold 〈◊〉 Ho●●ge of divers Lords , he 〈◊〉 say in the end of his Homage done savings he faith which I ow to our Lord the King ; 〈…〉 other Lord● . If a man should make ● solemn Vow ( having been overtaken with wine ) never to drink wine more ; 〈◊〉 one addicted to swearing , vow never to swear any more : yet these Vows would not extend to exclude him from drinking wine at the Lords Supper : or taking an oath upon summons or just occasion in any Court of Justice , or before a lawful Magistrate . So if a servant swear , not to bewray his masters secrets ; or a fellow of a Colledg , not to discover the secrets of the Ho●se , or a Grand-Ju●or , not to discover his fellows secrets ; yet these Oa●●● binde them not when they are called to discover them in a legal way , upon a just cause before a lawful Magistrate , upon any Action of Account , B●ls of discovery or trial ; it being not within the intention of these Oaths , nor in the power of those who prescribed them to restrain such legal discoveries , or abridg the superior Magistrates power to the obstructing of publick justice : upon which gro●nd , the Lords and others of the privy Councel heretofore , and this very Pa●l●ament in the case of the Earl of Strafford , when summoned as witness●● , have without pe●jury , or breach of trust discovered their Fellow-Councellors evil counsel & secret advice to his Majesty , contrary to the Letter of their Oaths . Fourthly , It is the Apostles express command , Col. 3. 20 , 22 , Children obey your Parents in all things , for this is wel-pleasing unto the Lord . Servants obey your Masters in all things according to the flesh : Yet all Divines , * Canonists , and Casuists , resolve : That if Parents and Masters command one thing ; and Kings , Magistrates or God himself command another thing ; Children and Servants in such a case ought rather to obey the Magistrates , King and God himself , then either their Parents or Masters ; notwithstanding these universal precepts of obeying them in all things ; which , have this implyed qu●lification involved in them , to wit , in all lawful things not contrary to the superior just commands of the King , Magistrate or God himself , which being the superior powers , ought principally to be obeyed before natural Parents and Masters . Hence is that known resolution of Augustine subscribed by * Gratian , and all Canonists . Quiresistit potestati De●●rdinations resistit . Sed quid 〈◊〉 Iubentur 〈◊〉 quod non , debe●● facere ? hic sanè conte●●● potestate● . 〈…〉 Legum grad●s adverte verte : Si aliquid ●uss●rit curator , faciendum est ; non tamen s● contra Proconsul jubeat . Non utique contemnis potestatem sed eligis majori servire ; nec hic debet minor irasci si maior pr●elatus est . Rursus , si ipse Consul aliquid jubeat , & aliud jubeat Imperator ; vel si aliud jubeat Imperator , et aliud Deus , quid i●dicatis ? Maior potestas De●s : da veniam ô Imperator : Tu carcerem , ille gehen●am mi●atur . Hic jam tibi assu●●nd● est ●ides tua tanqu●m scutum , in quo possis om●ia ignea iacula inimici oxtinguere . This resolve of his , wil dissolve the present Objection ; that these Oaths and Statutes of particular Colledges , wil exclude all other Visitors appointed by an equal or inferior , but not by a superior Authority , as the present V●sitors are . Fifthly , I find an express president in point . When * Cardinal Pool by his D●legates v●si●●d the Vniversity of Cambridg in Queen Maries days , Robert Brassy Master of Kings Colledg , ( aworthy old man both for his wisdom and hoar hairs ) hearing his own nam●●ecited next after the Vice-Chancellors , said . He was there present as all the other were ; neverthelesse for as much as the Reformation of his House was WHOLY RESERVED to the discretion of the Bishop of Lincoln , not only by the Kings Letters Pattents , but also by grant of confirmation of the Bishop of Rome himself , under a penalty , if he should suffer any stranger to intermed●e , he openly pro●essed in discharge of his duty , that ●nlesse their , Commission gave them Authority and Iurisdiction upon , the Colledg , either by * expresse words or manifest sense , he utterly exempted himself from being present . This his exception they took all in greas displeasure , alledging , that they were fully authorized for the order of the matter by the Cardinal , out of whose Iurisdiction no place nor person was exempted : wherefore he had done evil , to cal in question their Authority , so wel known to all men . The next day the Delegates going to visit this Colledg , Mr. Brassy the Master excusing himself , made the same exception to them then he had before . To which the Bishop of Chester , with a frowning look and angry coun●enance , said ; He needed not to repeat the things he had protested before , nor they to make answer any more to those things wherein they had sufficiently informed him before . He rather feared that their quarrel was not good , that they made such a do about it , and s●ught such starting ●ol●● . For so were diseased persons oft times wont to do , whe● for the pain and grief they are not able to abide a stronger medicine : As though that any ever were able to grant so strong a priviledg , as to withstand the Popes authority . As for the Popes Letters , they must needs make on his side and those that were with him , ( and could not in any wise be alledged against him . Therefore he admonished him to desist from his ●nprofitable altercation , and to conform himself and his to such things as were then in doing . Whereupon the Master and Schollers submitted to their Visitation , and were at sworn and examined to such interroga●●ries as were propounded them ; but some of them swore conditionally , so as their faith formerly given to the Colledg were not impeached thereby ; Which submission and president in print , in case of the Pope and his Legates Visitors should induce all these Oxonians whom it concerns , in like manner to submit to both Houses Visitors , ( having express power by Ordinance and Commission to visit all Colledges &c. ) notwithstanding these objected Oaths and Statutes . Having ( as I conceive ) satisfactorily answered all Objections against the Jurisdiction and Power of the Oxford Visitors , I shal briefly answer some allegations against their persons and proceedings . Their exceptions to all their persons in general ( and * that with wonder and just scorn ) is ; That they are their fellow-subjects ; When as for almost 800 years before they have been the care and stri●e of Princes . King Alured himself visits , An. 806. Edw. ● . & Rich. 2. descided Controversies in the Vniversity . The late Visitations performed by Commissioners , were by the chief Nobility of the Kingdom ; And his Maiesty that now is visited Christ Church personally , with 8 Lord● of the Councel . To others of them in particular ; That they 〈◊〉 their own members , who having sworn the observation of their Statutes , Liberties and Customs , cannot appear as Iudges over them without a violation of their Oaths , nor yet without a manifest opposition of Nature , where * part Iudg the whole ; and the Laws of Iustice too , especially if they consider the Interests and Engagements may often professions of the most active instruments of this work . To the fifth I answer ; First , that if these Objections were of moment , they might all be made against all proceedings of Justices of Ass●● , Justices of Peace , and Juries , at Assi●es and Sessions ; yea , against Magna Chart● , and the fundamental Laws of the Realm , which enact ; That no man shal be condemned or proceeded against , but by the Lawfull Iudgment of his PEERS , not of Kings and Nobles , of his Superior● ; And against all proceedings in the University it self , either in Congregation , Convocation or the Vice-Chancellors Court , where Schollars and others are judged and ordered by fellow-subjects , and the whole University , by some particular Members of it , without any guilt of perjury or violence offered , either to nature or common justice . 2. I answer , that though the Visitors nominated by the Houses , are but their fellow-subjects , and neither Kings nor Nobles , yet many of them are persons of quality and reputation , meet for such an imployment . Two of them are dignified with the honorable order of Knighthood , by the King himself ; * and one of them formerly in visiting as Vicar General to the late Arch-Bishop of Canterbury ( Chancellor of the University of Oxford ) who thought him worthy to visit the whole Province of Canterbury , and therefore fit and meet to visit the Vniversity . Others of them are Esqui●es by birth , place , or profession ; others dignified with the highest . Titles the Vniversitie could bestow upon them , where they have been ancient . Governors , and the meanest of them are sufficiently eminent both for piety and learning : Therefore , not to be slighted with wonder and just scorn , especially by their equals , or inferiors in all respects , as most in the University are 3. That King Alured himself visited the Vniversity in person , or any other of our Kings after him ; it is untrue ; as for King Charles and his Nobles visiting of Christ Church personally , otherwise then by resorting to it , to behold a Play , or Pastorall heretofore , or to lodg in it in these times of War ; I never heard of it til now : That King Alured , Edward the 1 , Richard the 2 , ( yea Henry the 4 , and King Charles too ) did themselves decide Controversies between the University and others about their Priviledges , and concerning the Arch-Bishops Metropoliticall Right to visit them , is true ; the distempers of the University requiring it , who would rest satisfied with no meaner parties decision ; yet no● her of them visited it in Person or by Commission . Thirdly in the Visitation of the Universities by the Kings Commissions , the Visitors named , were not all Princes and Nobles , as is suggested . There are but two such Commissions extant on record ; the one in 2 Ed. 6. pars . 3. in Dorso , for visiting the University of Cambridg ; wherein Sir William Paget , Contributor of the Kings houshold , Thomas Smith the Kings Secretary , Iohn Cheek the Kings Tutor●William Mayor Doctor of Law ; one of the Master of Requests , and Dean of Pauls , and Thomas W●●die the Kings Physitian , or any 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. or one of them were the sole Visitors , not one of them a Peer , much less of the chief Nobility . The other in 3 Edward 6. pars . 2. for visiting the University of Oxford ; wherein Iohn Earle of Warwick , high Chamberlain , Henry Bishop of Lincoln , and Richard Bishop of Rochester , William Paget , Controulor of the houshold , William Peter Knight , the Kings Secretary , Richard Fox the Kings Almoner and Tutor , Simon Heynes Dean of Ex●ter , Christopher Nevense Doctor of Law , and Richard Morison . Esquire , or any 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. or one of them were nominated Visitors ; the meanest of them only doing the work , without any exceptions to their inferior quality . What Delegates Cardinal ●●ole appointed to visit both Vniversities you have heard already ; and that our Arch-Bishops and Bishops have usually appointed as mean persons as any nominated by the Parliament , to visit their P●ovi●ces and Diocesses is wel known to all . In fine , the Visitors now appointed have no absolute definitive power in all things , but are subordinate to the Honorable Committee of Lords and Commons for regulating the University , to whom they are to certifie all their proceedings , & to whom there is liberty of appealing granted to any that deem themselves injured : so as this Honorable Committee , and both Houses are in truth , the real Visitors , the others but their Substitutes . Therefore these scorns against their persons ( which must reflect upon the Parliaments wisdom and judgment ) might have wel bin spared . As for any of their interests , engagements and professions , I shall beleeve they are all publike and syncere , til the contrary be demonstrated . The next exception is to their proceedings ; * That their power was not manifested by some legal way &c. I answer ; That this is untrue , ●or it was first manifested by a printed Ordinanos of both Houses , wherein their names and power were comprised . 2. In a publike Citation , subscribed by most of them , of which all the University , Colledges and Halls had legal notice . 3. By an additional Ordinance of both Houses , and a Commission under the Great Seal of England , of which they had a copy delivered to them upon their own request , by the Visitors that sate . The last Objection is , * That there is now no necessity nor want of a Visitation &c. I answer ; That this is to question the wisdom of both Houses , who deem a Visitation necessary ; and to prejudge the Visitors , who may find more enormities in the persons to be visited , then they can yet discern in themselves , who * are no competent Iudges in their own cause . However , if their Innocency be such as to evidence to the world , they are not those Monsters , that their Enemies Charactor would speak them ; Nor yet are altogether unworthy their Education , or their Founders Magnificance ; as the Objector blasons them ; they have then the lesse cause to refuse or decline the Visitors test , and wil come off with greater honor to themselves , and shame to their unjust Accusers , if they appear such after stricktest S●rutiny , then if they had not at all been brought to such a publike Tryal . I have now made good all my Positions , and answered all the Universities allegations in point of Law or Conscience against their present Visitors Jurisdiction ; not out of any design to diminish or infringe the Universities just Priviledges ( which I have been formerly sworn to maintain ) in the least title , but out of a real affection to the Universityes welfare , and a desire to rectifie the erronious Judgments , and satisfy the scrupelous Consciences of all present Opposers of the Visitors power , to prevent those tragicall effects which their Obstinacy and Contumacy in this high contest are like inevitably to produce , to their own and the Vniversities prejudice , if persisted in . I shal ever endeavour to my power , that the University may enjoy all her just Rights and Priviledges , with Subordination to both Houses superior Authority , and flourish more abundantly now then ever in piety , vertue , and all sorts of learning , which they cannot take unkindly at my hands . I shal only add : That as the Vniversity of Cambridg submitted to the Ordinance of both Houses of Parliament , made for its regulation , dated 22. Jan. 1643. which enabled the Honorable Ea●le of Manchester alone , to appoint a Committee under him , who should have full power to call before them all Provosts , Masters and Fellows of Colledges , Students and Members of that Vniversity , who were scandalous in their lives , or ill affected to the Parliament , or fomentors of these unnatural wars , or wilful refusers to obey the Ordinances of Parliament , or deserters of their places of residence and to send for witnesses , and examine any complaint or testimony against them upon Oath , and to certify their names with the Charge and proofs against them to the said Earle , who had power thereby given him to sequester and elect them . and put others in their places ; which he accordingly executed without any such publike opposition as we now find at Oxford : So I hope the Vniversity of Oxford wil receive so good satisfaction of their scruples , from the premises , as shal enduce them to a like submission to their present Visitors , authorized by both Houses Ordinances , and a Commission under the great Seal , without any further plea or demurrer , or else leave them without excuse to both Houses severest justice , for their wilful contempt of their Soveraign power , against which they have publikely ( in words ) disavowed the least opposi●ion or dispute , and yet strenuously oppose it in reallity , by this contest against their Visitors , upon meer groundles Pretences so frequently over-ruled against them heretofore , that it can be b●t meer obstinacy in them to insist upon them any longer now . The Statutes of 9. H. 5. c. 8. 1. H. 6. c. 3. 2. H. 6. c. 8. 14. H. 8. c. 2. 5. 21. H. c. ●6 . 1. E. 6. c. 14. 7. E. 6. c. 5. 1. Phil. & Mar. c. 3. 1. & 2. Phil. & Mar , c. 7. 8. 2. & 3. Phil. & Mar. c. 15. 1. El. c. 4. 5. El. c. 8. 13. El. c. 10. 12. 18. El. c. 6. 20. 3. Iac. c. 4. make mention of the Vniversities , and give them some priviledges , but no exemption from Visitations , and prescribe Laws unto them . ERRATA . P. 18. l. 9. read facturusque p. 20. l. 10 they were p. 23. l. 12. Ordinationi l. 31. pradictarum p. 25. l. 13. factis p. 31. l. 5. Academiae l. 38. university p. 38. l. 4. primitus . p. 40. l. 17. quos P. 27. l. 3 in the margin , Episo . p. 31. l. 18. 1407. FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A56225e-440 a The Sovereign Power of Parliaments and Kingdomes , Part 1 , 2. and the Appendix at the end of the fourth part . a About Anno 1300. b Anno 1475. c Tiguri 1589. a Godwin's Catalog●e of Bishops , p. 241 242. who likewise recites this controversie . b Londini 1572. c Godwins Catalog●e o● Bishops , p. 242. d Catalogue of Bishops , p 95 , 245. Godwin's Catalogue of Bishops , p. 246. * Pag. 5 , 6. * Ex memorand . Phillip Repingdon , Epist. Lincol . f. 196. f Note this , the very first Plea of our Oxonians now . g The same with the Oxenians second Plea , in words and substance . n I doubt these pr●●ended Bu●s were mcc● forgeries and bais indeed . o The xouians third Plea in words and substance . p This was direct perjury , since Archbishop Arunde● visited that University , & all Colledges in it An. 1477 not 30. yeers before , p. 3. 54. &c. p The Oxonians fourth Plea in substance and words . q Alledged by the Oxonians too . i The Oxonians Argument too . * There is no such Commission to be found . k This Commission is extant . m There is no such Commission extant in the Rols . * Pag. 7. * Speed's History , p. 1066 , 1085 , &c. * P. 9 , 10 , 11 , 21 , 36 , 38. Object . The Unversities Priviledge , p 2 , 3. Answ. * Godwins Catalogue of Bishops , p. 404. * Spelman Concil. Tom. 1. p. 631. to 635. Ioan. S●ldeni No●ae ad Eadmerum p. 165. * Actio personalis moritur cum persona . Object . 2. Object . 3. * Page 2. 3. 4. Answer . * See Speeds Catalogue of Religious houses , Colledges and Hospitals . * See the Charter of 36 E , 3 , pars . 1 , mem. 5 Rot , Claus. 9. R. 2 & 15 R 2 mem 17. in Tur. London . to this effect , & p 41 * Here p 36 Object . 4. * Page . 4. Answer . Object 5. * Page 6. Answ. Littleton l. 2. chap. 1● co●ks 1 Instit , f. 65 〈…〉 * See Gratian Caus. 11 , qu. 3 * Caus. 11. q. 3 * Fox Acts and Monuments Vol. 3. p. 765 , 766. * Our Ordinances and C●mmissions do so in express words . Obiect . 6. * Page 4 , 5. * Do not the King and Parliament , let parts judg the whole ? Answer . * Sir Natha . Brent . Object . 7. * Page . 5. Answer . Objection . * Page . 6. Answer . * unusquisque sui ipsius iniquus Iudex .