id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 2 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 5 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 6 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 7 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 8 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 11 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 12 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 13 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 15 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 16 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 18 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 19 Set set NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 21 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 24 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 25 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 26 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 29 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 30 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 32 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 33 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 34 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 35 redirects redirect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 36 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 1 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 3 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 4 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 6 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 7 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 8 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 10 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 2 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 3 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 3 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 3 3 uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 3 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 3 5 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 3 6 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 3 7 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 3 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 3 9 disambiguation disambiguation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 3 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 3 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 2 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 3 Region Region NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 4 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 5 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 6 Native Native NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 7 speakers speaker VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 8 225 225 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 9 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 11 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 12 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 14 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 17 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 18 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 19   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 21 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 22 census)[1 census)[1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 24 25.6 25.6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 25 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 26 L2 l2 JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 27 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 29 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 32 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 33 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 35 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 37 Language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 38 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 39 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 40 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 41 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 42 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 43 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 44 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 45 Ingvaeonic Ingvaeonic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 46 Anglo Anglo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 47 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 48 Frisian frisian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 49 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 50 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 51 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 52 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 53 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 54 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 55 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 56 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 57 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 58 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 59 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 60 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 61 17th 17th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 62 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 63 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 64 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 65 Writing Writing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 66 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 67 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 68 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 69 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 70 alphabet alphabet NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 71 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 72 Unified Unified NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 73 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 74 Braille[2 Braille[2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 75 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 76 Official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 77 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 78 Official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 79 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 80   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 81 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 82 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 83 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 84 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 85 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 86 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 87 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 88 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 89 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 90 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 91 territories[a territories[a NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 92 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 93 Language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 94 codes code VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 95 ISO ISO NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 96 639 639 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 97 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 98 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 99 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 100 Glottolog Glottolog NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 101 None None NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 102 IETF IETF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 103 en en FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 104 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 105 US[3][4 us[3][4 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 106 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 107 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 108 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 109 contains contain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 110 IPA ipa JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 111 phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 112 symbols symbol NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 4 113 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 1 Without without IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 2 proper proper JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 3 rendering rendering JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 4 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 6 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 7 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 8 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 9 question question NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 10 marks mark NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 12 boxes box NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 15 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 16 symbols symbol NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 17 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 19 Unicode Unicode NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 20 characters character NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 5 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 2 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 3 introductory introductory JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 4 guide guide NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 6 IPA ipa JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 7 symbols symbol NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 9 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 10 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 12 IPA IPA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 6 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 1 Speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 3 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 4 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 7 female female NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 9 Georgia Georgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 12 General general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 13 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 14 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 16 Alice Alice NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 17 Walker Walker NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 7 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 8 1 Problems problem NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 8 2 playing play VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 8 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 8 4 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 8 5 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 9 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 9 2 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 9 3 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 9 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 1 Speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 3 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 4 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 7 male male NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 9 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 12 General general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 13 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 14 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 16 Conrad Conrad NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 17 Anker Anker NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 10 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 11 1 Problems problem NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 11 2 playing play VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 11 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 11 4 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 11 5 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 12 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 12 2 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 12 3 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 12 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 2 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 4 AmE AmE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 6 AE AE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 8 AmEng AmEng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 10 USEng USEng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 12 en en NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 14 US),[b us),[b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 16 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 17 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 18 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 19 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 20 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 21 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 22 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 23 English,[5][6 english,[5][6 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 24 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 27 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 29 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 32 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 33 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 34 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 35 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 37 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 38 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 13 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 2 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 4 Currently currently RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 6 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 7 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 10 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 11 influential influential JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 12 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 14 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 15 worldwide worldwide RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 14 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 2 8][9][10][11][12][13 8][9][10][11][12][13 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 7 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 8 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 9 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 10 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 13 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 14 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 18 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 19 facto facto FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 20 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 21 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 22 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 23 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 25 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 27 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 28 governments government NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 32 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 33 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 34 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 35 laws law NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 37 compulsory compulsory JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 38 education education NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 39 presume presume VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 40 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 41 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 43 primary primary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 44 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 15 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 1 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 3 explicitly explicitly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 4 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 5 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 6 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 8 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 11 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 12 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 13 governments government NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 16 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 2 14][15 14][15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 4 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 6 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 7 courts court NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 9 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 10 divisions division NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 13 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 14 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 15 grant grant VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 16 equivalent equivalent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 17 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 19 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 20 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 22 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 23 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 24 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 26 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 28 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 30 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 32 Puerto Puerto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 33 Rico Rico NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 34 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 35 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 36 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 37 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 39 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 40 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 41 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 43 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 44 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 45 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 46 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 47 matters matter NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 48 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 49 referred refer VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 50 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 52 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 53 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 54 district district NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 55 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 56 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 57 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 58 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 17 59 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 4 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 5 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 6 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 7 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 8 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 9 patterns pattern NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 11 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 13 vocabulary vocabulary NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 15 grammar grammar UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 18 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 19 spelling spell VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 21 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 22 unified unify VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 23 nationwide nationwide JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 24 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 25 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 26 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 27 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 28 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 29 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 30 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 32 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 18 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 4 Any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 5 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 7 Canadian canadian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 8 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 9 perceived perceive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 11 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 13 noticeably noticeably RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 14 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 16 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 19 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 20 markers marker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 22 popularly popularly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 23 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 25 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 29 Standard Standard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 31 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 34 fairly fairly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 35 uniform uniform JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 36 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 37 continuum continuum JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 38 native native NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 39 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 40 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 41 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 44 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 46 associated associate VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 47 nationally nationally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 48 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 49 broadcast broadcast NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 50 mass mass NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 51 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 52 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 53 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 54 educated educate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 55 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 19 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 3 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 5 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 6 linguistic linguistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 7 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 8 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 9 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 10 support support VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 12 notion notion NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 14 there there RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 15 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 16 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 17 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 19 mainstream mainstream JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 21 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 22 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 20 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 2 18][19 18][19 LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 5 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 7 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 8 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 9 continues continue VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 11 evolve evolve VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 14 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 15 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 16 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 17 disappearing disappear VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 20 several several DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 21 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 22 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 23 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 24 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 25 emerged emerge VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 28 20th 20th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 29 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 21 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 4 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 6 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 7 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 8 Phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 9 2.1 2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 10 Conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 11 phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 12 2.2 2.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 13 Innovative innovative JJ 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en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 36 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 37 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 38 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 39 See see VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 40 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 41 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 42 Notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 43 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 44 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 45 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 46 Bibliography bibliography NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 47 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 48 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 49 reading read VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 50 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 51 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 52 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 53 History[edit history[edit VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 54 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 55 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 56 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 57 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 58 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 59 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 60 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 61 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 62 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 63 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 64 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 65 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 66 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 67 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 68 colonization colonization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 69 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 70 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 71 Americas Americas NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 22 72 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 2 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 3 wave wave NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 5 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 7 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 8 settlers settler NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 9 arrived arrive VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 11 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 12 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 13 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 15 17th 17th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 16 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 18 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 20 further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 21 migrations migration NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 24 18th 18th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 26 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 27 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 23 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 3 17th 17th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 4 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 6 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 8 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 9 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 10 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 12 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 13 existed exist VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 15 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 16 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 17 colony colony NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 19 allowing allow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 21 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 23 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 24 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 25 mixture mixture NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 27 leveling leveling NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 29 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 30 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 31 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 32 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 34 colonies colony NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 35 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 36 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 37 homogeneous homogeneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 38 compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 39 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 40 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 42 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 24 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 2 21][22 21][22 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 5 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 6 predominated predominate VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 9 colonies colony NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 10 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 13 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 16 17th 17th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 17 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 18 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 19 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 20 massive massive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 21 immigration immigration NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 23 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 24 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 25 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 26 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 28 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 30 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 33 firsthand firsthand JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 34 descriptions description NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 37 fairly fairly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 38 uniform uniform JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 39 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 40 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 41 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 42 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 43 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 45 mid-18th mid-18th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 46 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 25 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 4 Since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 5 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 7 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 8 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 9 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 10 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 11 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 12 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 13 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 14 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 16 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 17 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 18 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 19 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 22 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 23 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 25 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 26 minor minor JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 27 influences influence NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 30 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 31 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 32 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 33 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 34 successive successive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 35 waves wave NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 37 immigrant immigrant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 38 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 40 diverse diverse JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 41 languages,[24 languages,[24 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 42 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 43 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 44 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 45 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 26 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 4 Phonology[edit phonology[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 6 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 7 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 8 phonemes phoneme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 10 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 11 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 13 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 14 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 15 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 16 § § -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 17   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 18 Phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 27 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 3 phonologies phonology NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 5 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 6 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 7 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 9 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 10 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 11 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 12 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 13 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 14 phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 28 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 1 Compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 2 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 3 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 5 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 8 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 9 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 11 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 12 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 13 English[26 english[26 ADD en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 16 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 17 homogeneous homogeneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 19 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 20 phonologically phonologically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 21 unremarkable unremarkable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 22 North north JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 23 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 24 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 26 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 29 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 30 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 29 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 30 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 30 2 section section NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 30 3 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 30 4 refers refer VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 30 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 30 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 30 7 General general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 30 8 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 30 9 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 30 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 1 Conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 2 phonology[edit phonology[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 4 Studies study NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 6 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 7 usage usage NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 9 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 11 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 13 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 14 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 17 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 18 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 19 suggest suggest VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 20 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 21 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 22 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 23 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 24 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 25 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 26 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 27 deviate deviate VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 28 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 29 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 30 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 31 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 32 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 34 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 35 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 36 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 38 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 39 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 41 preserving preserve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 42 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 43 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 44 contemporary contemporary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 45 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 46 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 47 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 48 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 49 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 31 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 4 Full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 5 rhoticity rhoticity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 8 R r NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 10 fulness fulness NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 13 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 15 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 16 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 18 pronouncing pronounce VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 20 phoneme phoneme NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 21 /r/ /r/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 23 corresponding correspond VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 26 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 27 ⟨r⟩ ⟨r⟩ CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 30 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 31 environments environment NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 33 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 34 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 35 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 37 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 38 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 40 pearl pearl NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 42 car car NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 45 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 32 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 2 28][29 28][29 LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 4 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 5 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 6 rhotic rhotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 7 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 8 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 10 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 11 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 12 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 13 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 14 pronounce pronounce VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 15 ⟨r⟩ ⟨r⟩ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 16 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 17 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 19 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 21 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 23 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 24 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 25 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 26 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 28 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 29 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 32 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 33 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 35 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 36 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 38 Southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 41 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 42 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 43 vernacular vernacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 44 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 46 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 47 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 48 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 49 noticed notice VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 50 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 51 General general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 52 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 53 listeners listener NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 54 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 55 perceived perceive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 56 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 57 sound sound VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 58 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 59 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 61 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 63 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 64 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 65 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 66 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 67 fashioned fashioned JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 68 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 33 69 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 2 28][30][31 28][30][31 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 4 Rhoticity Rhoticity NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 6 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 8 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 9 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 10 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 12 yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 13 nowadays nowadays RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 14 rare rare JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 16 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 19 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 21 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 23 17th 17th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 25 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 26 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 27 colonization colonization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 29 nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 30 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 31 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 33 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 34 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 35 rhotic rhotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 38 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 39 North north JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 40 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 41 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 42 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 43 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 44 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 45 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 34 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 2 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 5 preservation preservation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 7 rhoticity rhoticity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 9 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 10 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 13 supported support VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 15 continuing continue VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 16 waves wave NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 18 rhotic rhotic RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 20 accented accent VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 21 Scotch scotch JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 23 Irish irish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 24 immigrants immigrant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 26 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 27 intensely intensely RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 28 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 30 18th 18th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 31 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 34 moderately moderately RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 35 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 37 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 38 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 39 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 40 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 42 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 44 Scotch Scotch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 45 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 46 Irish Irish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 47 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 48 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 49 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 50 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 51 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 52 seventh seventh JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 53 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 55 colonial colonial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 56 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 35 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 1 Scotch scotch VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 3 Irish irish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 4 settlers settler NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 5 spread spread VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 6 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 7 Delaware Delaware NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 9 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 10 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 12 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 13 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 14 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 15 Atlantic atlantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 16 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 19 inland inland NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 20 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 22 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 24 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 26 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 28 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 30 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 32 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 33 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 34 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 35 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 36 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 37 consistently consistently RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 38 resisted resist VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 39 upper upper JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 40 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 41 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 42 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 43 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 44 rhotic rhotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 45 influences influence NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 47 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 48 consequently consequently RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 49 remain remain VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 50 rhotic rhotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 51 today today NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 36 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 2 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 5 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 7 ⟨r⟩ ⟨r⟩ CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 10 postalveolar postalveolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 11 approximant approximant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 12 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 13 ɹ̠ ɹ̠ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 16 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 19 retroflex retroflex NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 20 approximant approximant NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 21 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 22 ɻ ɻ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 25 listen),[34 listen),[34 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 27 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 29 unique unique JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 30 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 31 bunched bunched JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 32 tongue tongue NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 33 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 34 variant variant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 37 approximant approximant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 38 r r NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 39 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 40 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 41 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 42 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 43 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 45 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 46 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 48 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 49 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 50 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 51 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 53 Midwest Midwest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 54 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 55 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 56 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 37 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 4 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 5 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 6 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 7 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 8 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 9 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 10 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 11 undergone undergo VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 13 cot cot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 14 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 15 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 16 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 19 lexical lexical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 20 sets set NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 21 LOT LOT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 23 THOUGHT THOUGHT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 26 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 27 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 28 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 29 retained retain VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 31 LOT LOT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 32 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 33 CLOTH CLOTH NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 34 split split NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 35 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 37 17th 17th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 39 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 40 split split NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 42 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 43 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 44 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 46 labeled label VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 47 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 49 CLOTH cloth JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 50 lexical lexical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 51 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 53 separated separate VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 54 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 55 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 56 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 57 LOT LOT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 58 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 38 59 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 2 split split NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 4 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 6 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 7 reversed reverse VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 9 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 10 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 11 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 13 simultaneously simultaneously RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 14 shifts shift VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 15 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 16 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 17 recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 18 CLOTH CLOTH NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 19 set set VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 20 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 22 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 25 THOUGHT THOUGHT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 27 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 29 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 39 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 1 Having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 2 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 3 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 4 prior prior RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 7 unrounding unrounding NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 10 cot cot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 11 vowel vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 13 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 14 results result VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 16 lengthening lengthening NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 18 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 19 raising raise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 21 merging merge VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 23 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 24 recently recently RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 25 separated separate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 26 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 27 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 29 THOUGHT THOUGHT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 30 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 33 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 34 environments environment NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 35 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 36 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 37 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 38 instances instance NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 40 /f/ /f/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 42 /θ/ /θ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 45 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 46 /s/ /s/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 47 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 48 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 49 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 50 Austria Austria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 52 cloth cloth NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 54 cost cost NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 56 loss loss NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 58 off off RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 60 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 61 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 62 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 40 63 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 4 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 5 instances instance NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 6 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 7 /ŋ/ /ŋ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 11 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 13 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 15 wrong wrong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 19 variably variably RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 21 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 23 speaker speaker NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 25 gone go VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 27 on on RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 30 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 31 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 32 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 41 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 5 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 6 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 8 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 9 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 11 Received Received NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 12 Pronunciation Pronunciation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 14 RP RP NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 17 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 18 evolved evolve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 20 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 21 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 22 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 24 compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 26 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 27 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 28 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 29 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 30 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 31 remained remain VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 32 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 33 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 34 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 36 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 37 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 39 regarding regard VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 40 today today NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 41 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 42 RP RP NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 43 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 45 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 46 trap trap NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 47 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 48 bath bath NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 49 split split NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 50 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 52 fronting fronting NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 53 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 54 /oʊ/ /oʊ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 56 neither neither DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 57 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 58 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 59 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 60 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 61 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 62 General general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 63 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 64 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 42 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 1 Moreover moreover RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 3 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 4 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 5 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 7 participate participate VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 9 H h NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 11 dropping dropping NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 14 innovative innovative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 15 feature feature NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 16 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 17 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 18 characterizes characterize VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 19 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 21 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 24 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 25 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 27 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 43 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 1 Innovative innovative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 2 phonology[edit phonology[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 4 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 6 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 7 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 9 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 10 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 12 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 13 innovative innovative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 14 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 16 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 18 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 21 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 22 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 25 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 29 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 31 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 32 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 33 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 34 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 35 Unrounded unrounded JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 36 LOT LOT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 37 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 38 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 39 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 40 phenomenon phenomenon NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 43 LOT LOT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 44 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 46 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 47 spelled spell VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 48 ⟨o⟩ ⟨o⟩ CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 49 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 50 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 51 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 52 box box NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 54 don don NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 56 clock clock NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 58 notch notch NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 60 pot pot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 61 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 62 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 63 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 44 64 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 1 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 2 produced produce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 3 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 4 rounded rounded JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 5 lips lip NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 7 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 9 PALM PALM NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 10 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 12 allows allow VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 13 father father NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 15 bother bother NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 17 rhyme rhyme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 20 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 21 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 22 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 23 unified unify VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 26 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 27 phoneme phoneme NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 45 28 /ɑ/. /ɑ/. . en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 2 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 3 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 4 bother bother NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 5 vowel vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 6 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 10 transitional transitional NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 12 completed complete VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 13 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 14 nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 15 universally universally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 17 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 18 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 19 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 46 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 1 Exceptions exception NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 4 northeastern northeastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 5 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 6 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 7 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 9 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 12 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 13 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 15 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 16 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 18 variably variably RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 20 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 21 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 22 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 23 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 47 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 2 37][38 37][38 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 4 Cot cot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 5 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 6 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 7 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 9 transition transition NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 11 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 13 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 14 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 15 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 16 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 18 pronounce pronounce VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 20 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 22 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 23 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 24 cot cot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 25 /ɑ/ /ɑ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 28 ah ah UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 29 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 31 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 32 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 33 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 36 aw aw NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 37 vowel vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 40 largely largely RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 41 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 42 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 43 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 44 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 45 occurring occur VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 46 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 48 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 49 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 50 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 51 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 52 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 53 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 54 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 55 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 57 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 58 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 59 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 48 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 1 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 2 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 3 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 5 completed complete VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 6 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 7 pronounce pronounce NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 9 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 10 historically historically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 11 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 12 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 15 exact exact JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 16 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 17 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 19 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 22 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 24 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 25 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 26 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 28 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 29 Virginia Virginia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 31 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 32 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 36 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 37 Midwest Midwest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 40 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 41 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 42 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 43 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 44 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 45 trace trace NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 47 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 48 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 49 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 50 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 51 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 52 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 53 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 55 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 57 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 58 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 59 Lakes Lakes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 60 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 61 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 62 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 63 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 64 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 66 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 67 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 68 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 69 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 70 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 71 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 72 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 73 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 74 metropolitan metropolitan JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 75 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 76 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 77 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 78 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 79 pronounce pronounce NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 80 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 81 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 82 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 83 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 84 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 85 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 86 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 87 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 49 88 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 2 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 4 Among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 5 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 6 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 7 distinguish distinguish VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 8 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 10 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 13 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 15 cot cot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 17 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 18 transcribed transcribe VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 20 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 21 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 23 /ɑ/ /ɑ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 26 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 27 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 29 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 30 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 31 ɑ̈ ɑ̈ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 32 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 33 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 34 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 37 advanced advance VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 38 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 39 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 40 ɑ̟ ɑ̟ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 41 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 43 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 44 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 45 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 46 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 47 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 48 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 49 rounded rounded JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 50 lips lip NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 51 and/or and/or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 52 phonetically phonetically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 53 higher higher RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 54 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 55 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 56 mouth mouth NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 58 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 59 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 60 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 61 ɒ ɒ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 62 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 63 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 64 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 65 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 66 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 67 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 68 ɔ ɔ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 69 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 70 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 71 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 72 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 74 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 75 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 76 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 77 slight slight JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 78 rounding rounding NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 50 79 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 2 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 4 Among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 5 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 6 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 7 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 8 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 9 distinguish distinguish VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 10 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 12 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 14 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 15 producing produce VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 17 cot cot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 18 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 19 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 20 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 22 /ɑ/ /ɑ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 23 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 24 remains remain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 26 back back JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 27 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 29 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 30 ɑ ɑ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 31 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 33 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 34 showing show VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 35 lip lip NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 36 rounding round VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 37 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 38 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 39 ɒ ɒ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 40 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 51 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 1 Therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 3 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 4 mainstream mainstream JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 5 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 6 vary vary VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 7 greatly greatly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 10 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 11 feature feature NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 14 possibilities possibility NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 15 ranging range VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 16 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 18 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 19 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 21 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 22 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 23 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 24 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 52 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 2 transitional transitional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 3 stage stage NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 6 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 9 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 11 scatterings scattering NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 12 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 14 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 16 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 17 consistently consistently RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 20 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 21 Midlands midland NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 22 lying lie VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 23 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 25 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 26 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 27 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 30 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 32 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 34 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 35 younger young JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 36 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 38 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 39 tend tend VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 40 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 41 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 42 transitioning transition VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 43 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 45 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 53 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 4 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 5 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 6 survey survey NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 7 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 8 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 9 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 11 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 12 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 14 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 15 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 16 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 18 participants participant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 19 perceive perceive VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 20 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 22 keeping keep VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 24 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 25 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 26 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 28 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 29 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 30 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 31 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 54 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 2 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 5 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 6 followup followup NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 7 survey survey NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 8 put put VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 10 percentages percentage NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 12 58 58 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 13 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 14 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 15 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 16 merging merging JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 17 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 19 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 20 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 21 merging merging NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 55 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 2 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 4 STRUT strut NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 6 special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 7 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 10 STRUT strut NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 11 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 13 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 14 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 16 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 18 LOT LOT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 20 THOUGHT THOUGHT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 24 Britain Britain NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 27 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 28 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 30 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 31 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 33 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 34 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 35 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 36 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 37 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 41 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 43 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 45 everybody everybody NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 47 nobody nobody NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 49 somebody somebody NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 51 anybody anybody NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 53 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 55 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 56 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 57 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 58 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 59 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 60 rarely rarely RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 61 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 62 want want VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 64 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 65 stressed stress VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 56 66 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 2 43][44][45][46 43][44][45][46 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 4 Vowel Vowel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 5 mergers merger NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 6 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 7 intervocalic intervocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 8 /r/ /r/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 10 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 11 mergers merger NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 13 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 14 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 15 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 16 /r/ /r/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 17 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 18 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 19 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 20 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 21 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 24 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 25 exceptions exception NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 26 exist exist VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 27 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 28 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 30 east east NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 31 coast coast NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 57 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 1 Such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 2 mergers merger NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 3 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 5 Mary Mary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 6 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 7 marry marry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 8 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 9 merry merry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 10 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 12 transition transition NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 14 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 17 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 18 dialect dialect NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 19 survey survey NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 21 nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 22 57 57 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 23 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 25 participants participant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 26 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 27 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 29 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 30 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 32 identified identify VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 34 merging merge VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 36 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 37 /ær/ /ær/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 39 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 42 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 43 syllable syllable NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 45 parish parish NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 46 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 48 /ɛr/ /ɛr/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 50 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 51 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 53 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 54 syllable syllable NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 55 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 56 perish perish NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 57 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 59 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 60 /ɛər/ /ɛər/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 61 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 62 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 63 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 64 pear pear NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 65 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 66 pair pair NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 67 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 58 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 2 47 47 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 5 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 7 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 8 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 9 everywhere everywhere RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 10 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 11 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 12 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 13 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 16 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 17 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 59 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 2 48 48 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 4 Hurry hurry VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 5 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 6 furry furry JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 7 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 10 pre-/r/ pre-/r/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 11 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 13 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 14 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 15 hurry hurry VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 16 /ʌ/ /ʌ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 18 furry furry JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 19 /ɜ/ /ɜ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 20 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 21 merged merge VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 23 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 24 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 25 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 27 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 28 ə ə NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 29 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 30 ɚ ɚ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 31 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 60 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 1 Only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 3 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 5 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 6 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 7 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 9 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 10 acknowledge acknowledge VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 12 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 13 hurry hurry NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 14 vowel vowel VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 15 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 16 /r/ /r/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 18 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 21 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 22 dialect dialect JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 23 survey survey NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 24 aforementioned aforementione VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 61 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 2 49 49 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 4 Mirror Mirror NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 5 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 6 nearer nearer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 7 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 9 transition transition NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 12 pre-/r/ pre-/r/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 13 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 15 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 16 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 17 mirror mirror NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 18 /ɪ/ /ɪ/ : en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 20 nearer near RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 21 /i/ /i/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 22 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 23 merged merge VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 25 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 26 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 27 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 28 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 30 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 31 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 32 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 62 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 2 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 5 historic historic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 6 mirror mirror NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 7 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 10 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 11 miracle miracle NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 13 quite quite RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 14 variable variable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 63 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 2 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 4 Americans american NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 5 vary vary VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 6 slightly slightly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 8 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 9 pronunciations pronunciation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 11 R r NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 13 colored colored JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 14 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 15 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 16 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 18 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 20 /ɛər/ /ɛər/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 22 /ɪər/—sometimes /ɪər/—sometimes . en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 23 monophthongizing monophthongize VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 24 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 25 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 26 ɛɹ ɛɹ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 29 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 30 ɪɹ ɪɹ JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 31 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 32 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 33 tensing tense VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 34 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 35 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 36 eɪɹ eɪɹ CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 37 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 39 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 40 i(ə)ɹ i(ə)ɹ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 41 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 42 respectively respectively RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 44 causing cause VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 45 pronunciations pronunciation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 46 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 47 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 48 pʰeɪɹ pʰeɪɹ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 49 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 50 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 51 pair pair NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 52 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 53 pear pear NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 54 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 55 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 56 pʰiəɹ pʰiəɹ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 57 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 58 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 59 peer peer NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 60 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 61 pier pier NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 64 62 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 2 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 4 Also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 6 /jʊər/ /jʊər/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 8 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 9 reduced reduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 11 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 12 jɚ jɚ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 15 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 16 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 17 cure cure NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 19 pure pure JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 22 mature mature JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 23 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 24 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 25 end end VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 28 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 29 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 30 ɚ ɚ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 31 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 33 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 34 rhyming rhyme VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 35 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 36 blur blur NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 38 sir sir NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 65 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 2 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 3 sure sure UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 6 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 8 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 9 rhyming rhyme VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 10 set set VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 12 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 14 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 15 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 16 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 17 ʃɚ ʃɚ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 18 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 66 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 1 Yod yod NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 3 dropping dropping NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 5 Dropping drop VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 7 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 8 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 10 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 12 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 13 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 14 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 15 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 17 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 19 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 67 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 2 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 3 North north JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 4 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 5 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 7 /j/ /j/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 10 dropped drop VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 13 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 14 deleted delete VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 16 after after RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 17 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 18 alveolar alveolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 20 interdental interdental JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 21 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 68 23 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 1 everywhere everywhere RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 2 except except IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 3 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 4 /p/ /p/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 6 /b/ /b/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 8 /f/ /f/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 10 /h/ /h/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 12 /k/ /k/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 15 /m/ /m/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 17 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 18 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 19 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 21 duke duke NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 23 Tuesday Tuesday NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 25 assume assume NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 26 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 27 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 28 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 29 nu nu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 30 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 32 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 33 duk duk NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 34 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 36 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 37 ˈtʰuzdeɪ ˈtʰuzdeɪ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 38 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 40 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 41 əˈsum əˈsum NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 42 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 43 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 44 compare compare VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 45 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 46 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 47 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 48 /nju/ /nju/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 50 /djuk/ /djuk/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 52 /ˈtjuzdeɪ/ /ˈtjuzdeɪ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 54 /əˈsjum/ /əˈsjum/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 55 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 69 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 2 52 52 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 4 T t NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 6 glottalization glottalization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 8 flapping flap VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 9 mountain mountain NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 11 glottalized glottalize VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 12 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 14 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 15 ˈmaʊnʔn̩ ˈmaʊnʔn̩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 17 partner partner NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 19 glottalized glottalize VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 20 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 22 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 23 ˈpʰɑɹʔnɚ ˈpʰɑɹʔnɚ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 24 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 25 leader leader NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 27 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 29 flapping flapping NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 31 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 32 ˈliɾɚ ˈliɾɚ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 33 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 34 cattle cattle NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 36 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 37 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 38 flapping flapping NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 40 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 41 ˈkʰæɾɫ̩ ˈkʰæɾɫ̩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 42 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 43 party party NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 45 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 46 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 47 flapping flapping NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 49 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 50 ˈpʰɑɹɾi ˈpʰɑɹɾi NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 51 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 52 Optional Optional NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 53 flapping flapping NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 54 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 55 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 56 contexts contexts NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 57 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 58 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 59 flapping flap VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 60 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 61 ˈɹɛɫɪtʰɪvɫi ˈɹɛɫɪtʰɪvɫi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 62 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 63 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 64 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 65 optional optional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 66 flapping flapping NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 67 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 68 ˈɹɛɫɪɾɪvɫi ˈɹɛɫɪɾɪvɫi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 69 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 70 T t NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 71 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 72 glottalization glottalization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 73 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 74 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 75 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 76 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 77 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 78 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 79 unreleased unreleased JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 80 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 81 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 82 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 83 glottal glottal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 84 stop stop NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 85 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 86 ʔ ʔ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 87 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 88 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 89 occurring occur VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 90 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 91 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 92 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 93 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 94 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 95 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 96 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 97 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 98 /r/ /r/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 99 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 100 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 101 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 102 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 103 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 104 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 105 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 106 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 107 syllabic syllabic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 108 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 109 n̩ n̩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 110 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 111 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 112 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 113 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 114 button button NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 115 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 116 ˈbʌʔn̩ ˈbʌʔn̩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 117 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 118 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 119 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 120 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 70 121 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 1 Following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 3 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 5 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 8 glottalized glottalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 9 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 10 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 12 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 13 pause pause NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 14 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 15 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 17 absolute absolute JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 18 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 19 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 21 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 23 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 24 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 25 wʌʔ wʌʔ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 28 sit sit VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 29 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 30 sɪʔ sɪʔ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 31 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 71 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 2 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 3 innovation innovation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 5 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 6 glottal glottal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 7 stopping stopping NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 9 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 10 occur occur VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 12 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 13 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 15 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 16 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 18 variably variably RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 19 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 20 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 72 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 1 Flapping flap VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 3 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 4 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 5 /d/ /d/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 6 becomes become VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 8 flap flap NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 9 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 10 ɾ ɾ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 13 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 15 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 16 occurring occur VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 17 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 19 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 21 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 23 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 25 /r/ /r/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 28 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 30 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 31 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 32 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 33 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 34 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 36 syllabic syllabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 37 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 38 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 39 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 40 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 41 n̩ n̩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 42 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 44 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 45 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 46 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 47 ˈwɔɾɚ ˈwɔɾɚ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 48 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 50 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 51 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 53 party party NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 54 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 55 ˈpʰɑɹɾi ˈpʰɑɹɾi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 56 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 57 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 58 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 59 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 60 ˈmɑɾɫ̩ ˈmɑɾɫ̩ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 61 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 73 62 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 2 results result VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 4 pairs pair NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 5 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 7 ladder ladder NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 8 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 9 latter latter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 11 metal metal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 12 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 13 medal medal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 16 coating coat VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 17 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 18 coding code VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 19 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 20 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 22 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 74 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 1 Flapping flap VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 3 /t/ /t/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 4 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 5 /d/ /d/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 6 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 8 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 9 stressed stress VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 10 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 13 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 15 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 16 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 17 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 18 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 19 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 20 begins begin VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 22 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 23 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 25 morpheme morpheme NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 29 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 30 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 31 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 75 32 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 2 wʌɾˈɪzɪʔ wʌɾˈɪzɪʔ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 5 twice twice RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 6 in in RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 7 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 8 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 9 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 10 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 11 nɑɾəɾˈɔɫ nɑɾəɾˈɔɫ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 76 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 2 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 3 apply apply VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 5 flapping flap VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 6 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 9 such such PDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 11 complex complex JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 12 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 14 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 15 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 16 flapping flapping NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 17 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 18 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 19 analyzed analyze VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 21 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 22 required require VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 24 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 25 contexts contexts NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 27 prohibited prohibit VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 29 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 32 optional optional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 34 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 35 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 77 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 2 53 53 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 4 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 5 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 7 flapping flapping JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 9 prohibited prohibit VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 11 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 12 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 13 seduce seduce VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 14 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 15 səˈdus səˈdus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 18 retail retail JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 19 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 20 ˈɹitʰeɪɫ ˈɹitʰeɪɫ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 24 monotone monotone NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 25 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 26 ˈmɑnətʰoʊn ˈmɑnətʰoʊn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 29 yet yet CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 30 optional optional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 32 impotence impotence NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 33 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 34 ˈɪmpəɾɪns ˈɪmpəɾɪns NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 36 ˈɪmpətʰɪns ˈɪmpətʰɪns NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 37 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 78 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 1 Both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 2 intervocalic intervocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 3 /nt/ /nt/ NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 5 /n/ /n/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 6 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 7 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 9 realized realize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 11 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 12 ɾ̃ ɾ̃ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 13 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 16 nasalized nasalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 17 alveolar alveolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 18 flap flap NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 21 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 22 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 23 n n NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 24 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 26 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 27 winter winter NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 29 winner winner NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 30 homophones homophone NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 32 fast fast JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 33 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 34 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 35 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 36 careful careful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 37 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 79 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 1 L l NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 3 velarization velarization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 5 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 7 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 8 distinction distinction NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 9 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 12 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 13 L l NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 80 16 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 2 l l NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 5 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 11 dark dark JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 12 L l NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 81 15 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 2 ɫ ɫ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 5 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 9 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 10 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 11 noticeable noticeable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 13 nearly nearly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 14 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 15 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 17 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 18 English;[54 English;[54 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 22 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 23 altogether altogether RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 24 absent,[55 absent,[55 NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 25 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 27 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 29 L L NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 31 sounds sound VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 32 tending tend VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 34 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 35 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 36 dark dark JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 39 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 40 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 41 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 42 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 44 velarization,[56 velarization,[56 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 45 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 46 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 47 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 48 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 49 dark dark JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 50 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 51 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 52 ʟ ʟ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 53 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 54 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 55 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 56 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 57 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 58 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 59 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 60 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 61 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 63 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 64 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 65 dark dark JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 66 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 67 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 68 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 69 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 70 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 71 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 82 72 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 2 57 57 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 5 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 6 notable notable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 7 exceptions exception NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 10 velarization velarization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 11 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 13 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 14 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 16 influenced influence VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 17 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 18 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 19 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 21 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 23 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 24 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 25 Latino Latino NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 26 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 28 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 29 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 30 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 32 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 33 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 34 L l NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 35 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 37 syllable syllable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 38 onsets onset NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 42 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 44 moribund moribund JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 45 Southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 46 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 47 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 49 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 51 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 52 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 53 L l NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 54 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 55 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 56 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 57 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 58 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 59 intervocalic intervocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 60 environment environment NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 61 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 62 front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 63 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 83 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 2 58 58 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 4 Weak weak JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 6 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 7 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 10 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 11 /ɪ/ /ɪ/ : en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 13 unstressed unstressed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 14 syllables syllable NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 15 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 16 merges merge VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 18 /ə/ /ə/ : en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 20 so so CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 21 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 22 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 23 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 24 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 25 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 27 abbot abbot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 29 rabbit rabbit NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 30 rhyme rhyme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 84 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 2 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 5 merged merged JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 6 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 7 varies vary VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 8 considerably considerably RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 10 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 13 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 14 closer close JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 16 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 17 ə ə NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 18 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 20 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 22 initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 24 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 26 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 27 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 30 closer close JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 31 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 32 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 33 ɪ ɪ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 34 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 35 ɪ̈~ɨ ɪ̈~ɨ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 36 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 37 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 85 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 2 59 59 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 4 Raising raising NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 6 pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 7 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 8 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 9 /aɪ/ /aɪ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 11 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 12 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 13 split split VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 15 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 16 /aɪ/ /aɪ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 17 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 19 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 21 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 22 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 24 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 25 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 27 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 29 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 30 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 32 rider rider NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 33 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 34 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 35 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 36 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 37 äɪ äɪ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 38 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 39 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 41 writer writer NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 42 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 43 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 44 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 45 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 46 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 47 ʌɪ ʌɪ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 48 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 50 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 51 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 52 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 53 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 54 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 55 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 56 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 57 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 58 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 59 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 60 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 61 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 62 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 63 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 64 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 86 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 1 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 3 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 4 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 5 bright bright JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 7 hike hike NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 9 price price NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 11 wipe wipe NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 13 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 87 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 1 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 3 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 4 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 5 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 7 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 9 /t /t NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 11 k k NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 13 θ θ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 15 s/ s/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 17 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 19 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 20 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 21 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 22 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 23 compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 25 bride bride VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 27 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 29 prize prize NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 31 wide wide JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 33 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 88 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 1 Because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 4 sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 5 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 8 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 9 rider rider NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 11 writer writer NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 13 listen listen VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 17 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 19 remain remain VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 20 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 21 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 22 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 23 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 25 virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 27 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 28 difference difference NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 30 height height NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 33 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 37 diphthong diphthong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 38 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 39 starting starting NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 40 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 42 unrelated unrelated JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 43 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 44 both both PDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 46 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 47 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 48 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 49 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 50 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 51 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 52 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 53 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 54 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 55 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 56 alveolar alveolar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 57 flaps flap NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 58 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 59 ɾ ɾ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 60 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 61 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 89 62 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 2 sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 4 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 6 applies apply VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 7 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 8 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 9 boundaries boundary NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 11 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 13 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 16 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 18 phrase phrase NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 20 stress stress NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 21 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 22 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 24 raising raising NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 26 taking take VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 27 place place NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 90 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 2 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 5 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 6 school school NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 9 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 12 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 13 school school NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 16 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 17 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 18 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 19 ˈhɐɪskuɫ ˈhɐɪskuɫ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 21 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 22 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 25 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 26 school school NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 29 literal literal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 30 sense sense NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 32 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 34 tall tall JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 35 school school NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 37 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 38 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 39 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 40 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 41 ˌhaɪˈskuɫ ˌhaɪˈskuɫ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 42 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 91 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 2 sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 3 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 4 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 7 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 9 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 10 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 13 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 14 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 15 Atlantic atlantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 16 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 19 country,[60 country,[60 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 22 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 23 becoming become VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 24 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 25 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 26 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 28 nation nation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 92 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 2 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 5 Inland Inland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 6 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 8 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 9 Midwestern Midwestern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 12 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 13 dialect dialect VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 14 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 15 raise raise VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 16 /aɪ/ /aɪ/ NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 17 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 18 voiced voiced JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 19 consonants consonant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 21 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 22 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 23 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 24 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 26 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 27 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 28 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 29 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 31 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 32 g g NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 33 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 35 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 36 n n NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 37 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 93 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 1 Hence hence RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 3 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 4 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 5 tiny tiny JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 7 spider spider NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 9 cider cider NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 11 tiger tiger NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 13 dinosaur dinosaur NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 15 beside beside RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 17 idle idle JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 20 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 21 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 22 idol idol NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 26 fire fire NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 27 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 28 contain contain VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 30 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 31 nucleus nucleus NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 94 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 2 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 4 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 5 ʌɪ ʌɪ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 7 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 8 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 9 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 10 aɪ aɪ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 13 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 14 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 16 unpredictable unpredictable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 18 phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 19 environment environment NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 20 alone alone RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 22 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 24 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 25 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 27 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 28 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 29 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 30 acoustic acoustic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 31 similarity similarity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 33 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 34 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 35 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 36 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 37 contain contain VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 38 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 39 ʌɪ ʌɪ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 40 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 41 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 42 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 43 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 44 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 46 per per IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 48 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 49 Canadian Canadian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 50 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 51 raising raise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 52 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 95 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 1 Hence hence RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 3 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 4 researchers researcher NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 5 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 6 argued argue VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 8 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 9 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 10 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 12 phonemic phonemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 13 split split NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 15 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 16 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 19 distribution distribution NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 22 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 23 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 25 becoming become VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 26 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 27 unpredictable unpredictable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 28 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 29 younger young JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 30 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 96 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 2 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 4 Conditioned condition VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 5 /æ/ /æ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 6 raising raise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 8 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 9 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 10 /n/ /n/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 12 /m/ /m/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 15 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 16 raising raising NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 19 /æ/ /æ/ : en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 20 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 21 TRAP TRAP NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 22 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 23 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 25 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 26 environments environment NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 27 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 28 vary vary VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 29 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 30 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 31 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 33 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 35 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 36 nationwide nationwide RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 37 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 38 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 39 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 40 /n/ /n/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 97 42 /m/. /m/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 1 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 2 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 3 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 4 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 7 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 9 phoneme phoneme NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 10 /æ/ /æ/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 11 operates operate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 12 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 14 somewhat somewhat RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 15 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 16 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 18 /æ/ /æ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 19 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 20 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 22 tense tense JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 25 lax lax NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 26 allophone allophone NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 28 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 30 kind kind NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 32 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 33 continuum continuum JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 34 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 36 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 37 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 38 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 39 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 40 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 41 extremes extreme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 43 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 44 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 45 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 46 definitive definitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 47 split split NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 98 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 2 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 3 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 5 /æ/ /æ/ , en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 7 overall overall RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 8 realized realize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 9 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 10 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 11 stops stop VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 13 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 14 tense tense JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 16 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 17 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 18 eə̯ eə̯ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 22 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 23 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 24 environments environment NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 25 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 26 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 27 lax lax JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 29 approximately approximately RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 31 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 32 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 33 æ æ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 34 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 36 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 37 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 38 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 40 note note VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 42 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 43 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 44 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 45 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 46 mæs mæs NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 47 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 48 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 49 mass mass NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 51 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 52 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 53 meə̯n meə̯n NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 54 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 55 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 56 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 57 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 99 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 3 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 4 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 5 though though RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 7 specifically specifically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 8 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 10 Baltimore Baltimore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 12 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 15 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 16 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 17 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 19 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 20 æ æ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 23 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 24 eə̯ eə̯ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 25 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 26 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 27 indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 28 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 29 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 31 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 32 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 33 split split VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 34 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 36 phonemes phoneme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 38 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 39 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 42 planet planet NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 43 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 44 pʰlænɪʔ pʰlænɪʔ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 45 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 46 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 47 plan plan NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 48 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 49 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 50 pʰleənɪʔ pʰleənɪʔ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 51 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 100 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 101 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 101 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 101 3 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 101 4 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 101 5 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 101 6 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 101 7 split split VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 101 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 101 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 101 10 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 101 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 1 Note note VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 2 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 3 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 4 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 5 move move VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 8 opposite opposite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 9 direction direction NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 11 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 13 forward forward JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 17 mouth mouth NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 18 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 19 compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 22 backed back VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 23 Standard Standard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 24 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 26 broad broad JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 28 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 30 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 32 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 33 nation nation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 34 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 36 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 37 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 38 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 39 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 40 phonologically phonologically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 41 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 42 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 43 phonetically phonetically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 44 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 45 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 46 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 47 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 48 like like JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 49 phenomenon phenomenon NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 50 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 51 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 52 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 53 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 54 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 55 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 56 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 57 eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 58 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 59 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 60 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 61 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 62 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 63 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 64 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 65 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 66 /æ/ /æ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 67 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 68 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 69 /a/ /a/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 70 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 71 /f/ /f/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 72 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 73 /s/ /s/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 74 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 75 /θ/ /θ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 76 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 77 /ð/ /ð/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 78 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 79 /z/ /z/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 80 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 81 /v/ /v/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 82 alone alone RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 83 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 84 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 85 preceded precede VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 86 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 87 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 88 homorganic homorganic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 89 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 102 90 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 1 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 2 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 3 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 4 /æ/ /æ/ : en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 5 raising raise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 7 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 8 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 9 English[62 English[62 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 11 Following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 12 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 13 Example Example NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 14 words[63 words[63 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 16 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 17 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 18 City,[63 City,[63 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 20 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 21 Orleans[64 orleans[64 ADD en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 23 Baltimore Baltimore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 25 Philadel- Philadel- NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 26 phia[63][65 phia[63][65 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 27 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 28 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 29 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 31 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 32 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 34 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 35 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 36 Midland Midland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 37 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 39 Pittsburgh Pittsburgh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 40 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 41 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 42 Canada Canada NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 44 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 45 Mountain Mountain NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 46 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 47 Minnesota Minnesota NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 49 Wisconsin Wisconsin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 50 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 51 Lakes Lakes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 52 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 53 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 54 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 55 prevocalic prevocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 56 /m /m NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 58 n/ n/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 59 fan fan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 61 lamb lamb NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 63 stand stand VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 64 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 65 ɛə][66][A][B ɛə][66][a][b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 66 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 67 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 68 ɛə][66 ɛə][66 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 69 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 70 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 71 ɛə ɛə NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 72 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 73 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 74 ɛə ɛə IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 75 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 76 ɛjə][68 ɛjə][68 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 77 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 78 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 79 ɛə][69 ɛə][69 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 80 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 81 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 82 ɛə][70][66 ɛə][70][66 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 83 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 84 Prevocalic Prevocalic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 85 /m /m NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 86 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 87 n/ n/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 88 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 89 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 90 planet planet NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 91 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 92 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 93 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 94 æ æ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 95 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 96 /ŋ/[71 /ŋ/[71 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 97 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 98 frank frank NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 99 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 100 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 101 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 102 ɛː~eɪ][72 ɛː~eɪ][72 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 103 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 104 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 105 æ][71 æ][71 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 106 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 107 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 108 æ æ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 109 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 110 æɛə][68 æɛə][68 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 111 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 112 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 113 ɛː~ɛj][69 ɛː~ɛj][69 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 114 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 115 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 116 eː~ej][73 eː~ej][73 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 117 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 118 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 119 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 120 prevocalic prevocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 121 /ɡ/ /ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 122 bag bag NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 123 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 124 drag drag VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 125 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 126 ɛə][A ɛə][A NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 127 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 128 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 129 æ][C æ][c NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 130 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 131 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 132 æ][66 æ][66 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 133 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 134 Prevocalic Prevocalic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 135 /ɡ/ /ɡ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 136 dragon dragon NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 137 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 138 magazine magazine NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 139 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 140 æ æ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 141 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 142 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 143 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 144 prevocalic prevocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 145 /b /b NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 146 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 147 d d NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 148 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 149 ʃ/ ʃ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 150 grab grab NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 151 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 152 flash flash NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 153 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 154 sad sad JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 155 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 156 ɛə][A ɛə][A NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 157 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 158 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 159 æ][74 æ][74 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 160 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 161 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 162 ɛə][74 ɛə][74 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 163 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 164 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 165 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 166 prevocalic prevocalic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 167 /f /f NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 168 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 169 θ θ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 170 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 171 s/ s/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 172 ask ask VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 173 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 174 bath bath NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 175 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 176 half half NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 177 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 178 glass glass NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 179 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 180 ɛə][A ɛə][A NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 181 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 182 Otherwise otherwise RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 183 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 184 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 185 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 186 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 187 happy happy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 188 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 189 locality locality NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 190 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 191 æ][D æ][d NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 192 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 193 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 194 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 195 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 196 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 197 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 198 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 199 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 200 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 201 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 202 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 203 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 204 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 205 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 206 Baltimore Baltimore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 207 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 208 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 209 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 210 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 211 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 212 am be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 213 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 214 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 215 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 216 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 217 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 218 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 219 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 103 220 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 1 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 3 learned learn VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 4 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 5 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 6 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 7 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 9 alas alas UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 11 carafe carafe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 13 lad lad NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 15 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 104 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 105 1 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 105 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 105 3 æ æ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 105 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 105 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 2 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 3 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 6 irregular irregular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 7 verbs verb NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 8 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 10 ran run VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 12 swam swam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 15 wan wan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 18 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 19 variant variant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 21 won won NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 23 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 24 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 25 æ æ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 106 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 2 67 67 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 5 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 6 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 8 bad bad JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 10 mad mad JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 13 glad glad JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 14 alone alone RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 15 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 16 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 17 ɛə ɛə NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 18 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 107 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 2 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 3 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 4 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 5 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 7 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 8 lexical lexical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 9 exceptions exception NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 10 exist exist VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 12 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 13 avenue avenue NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 14 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 15 tense tense JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 18 variability variability NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 19 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 20 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 21 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 22 /dʒ/ /dʒ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 24 /z/ /z/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 27 imagine imagine NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 29 magic magic NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 32 jazz jazz NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 108 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 2 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 5 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 6 Orleans Orleans NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 8 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 9 ɛə ɛə NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 11 additionally additionally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 12 occurs occur VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 13 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 14 /v/ /v/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 109 16 /z/. /z/. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 2 76 76 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 5 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 6 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 8 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 9 r r NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 10 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 12 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 14 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 15 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 16 North north JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 17 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 18 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 20 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 22 Canada Canada NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 23 alike alike RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 27 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 28 sequence sequence NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 29 /ɒr/ /ɒr/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 32 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 33 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 34 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 35 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 36 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 37 r r NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 39 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 40 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 41 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 43 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 44 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 45 orange orange NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 47 forest forest NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 49 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 52 warrant warrant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 53 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 54 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 55 realized realize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 56 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 57 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 58 oɹ oɹ IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 59 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 60 ɔɹ ɔɹ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 61 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 63 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 64 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 65 merging merge VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 66 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 67 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 68 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 69 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 70 merged merged JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 71 /ɔr/–/oʊr/ /ɔr/–/oʊr/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 72 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 73 horse horse NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 74 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 75 hoarse hoarse NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 76 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 77 set set VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 110 78 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 3 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 5 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 6 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 8 tomorrow tomorrow NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 10 sorry sorry UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 12 sorrow sorrow NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 14 borrow borrow VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 17 morrow morrow NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 19 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 20 contain contain VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 22 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 23 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 24 ɑɹ ɑɹ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 25 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 26 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 28 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 29 merging merge VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 30 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 32 /ɑr/ /ɑr/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 33 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 35 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 37 sorry sorry JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 39 sari sari JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 40 become become VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 41 homophones homophone NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 43 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 44 rhyming rhyme VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 45 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 46 starry starry NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 111 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 2 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 4 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 5 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 6 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 7 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 8 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 9 /ɑr/ /ɑr/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 11 /ɔr/ /ɔr/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 12 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 15 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 17 compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 19 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 20 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 21 Received received IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 22 Pronunciation Pronunciation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 23 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 24 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 25 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 26 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 27 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 29 NYC NYC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 31 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 32 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 33 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 35 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 36 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 37 Canadian Canadian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 38 Only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 39 borrow borrow VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 41 sorry sorry UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 43 sorrow sorrow NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 46 to)morrow to)morrow NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 47 /ɒr/ /ɒr/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 48 /ɑːr/ /ɑːr/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 49 /ɒr/ /ɒr/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 50 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 51 /ɑːr/ /ɑːr/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 52 /ɔːr/ /ɔːr/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 53 Forest Forest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 55 Florida Florida NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 57 historic historic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 59 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 61 orange orange JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 63 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 112 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 1 /ɔːr/ /ɔːr/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 2 Forum Forum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 4 memorial memorial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 6 oral oral JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 8 storage storage NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 10 story story NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 12 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 113 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 1 /ɔːr/ /ɔːr/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 2 /ɔːr/ /ɔːr/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 3 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 4 mergers merger NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 5 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 7 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 8 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 10 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 11 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 13 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 14 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 15 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 17 Horse horse NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 18 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 19 hoarse hoarse JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 20 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 22 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 23 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 24 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 26 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 27 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 29 /o/ /o/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 30 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 31 /r/ /r/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 32 homophones homophone NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 34 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 35 homophonous homophonous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 36 pairs pair NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 37 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 38 horse horse NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 39 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 40 hoarse hoarse JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 42 corps corp NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 43 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 44 core core NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 46 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 47 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 48 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 50 morning morning NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 51 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 52 mourning mourning NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 54 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 55 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 56 wore wear VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 58 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 114 59 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 115 1 homophones homophone NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 115 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 2 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 3 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 5 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 6 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 7 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 8 keep keep VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 9 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 10 sets set NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 12 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 13 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 15 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 18 extreme extreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 19 Northeast Northeast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 22 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 24 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 25 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 27 Gulf Gulf NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 28 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 33 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 34 Midlands,[77 Midlands,[77 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 35 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 36 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 38 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 39 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 40 evidently evidently RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 41 spreading spread VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 43 younger young JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 44 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 45 rarely rarely RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 46 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 47 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 116 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 1 Wine wine NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 2 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 3 whine whine NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 4 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 6 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 7 produces produce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 8 pairs pair NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 9 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 10 wine wine NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 11 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 12 whine whine NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 14 wet wet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 15 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 16 whet whet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 18 Wales Wales NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 19 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 20 whales whale NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 22 wear wear VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 23 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 24 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 26 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 117 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 1 homophones homophones NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 4 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 5 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 6 eliminating eliminate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 7 /ʍ/ /ʍ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 10 transcribed transcribed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 11 /hw/ /hw/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 14 voiceless voiceless JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 15 labiovelar labiovelar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 16 fricative fricative NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 118 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 3 scatterings scattering NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 5 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 6 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 7 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 8 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 9 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 10 merge merge VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 11 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 12 pairs pair NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 13 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 14 exist exist VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 15 nationwide nationwide RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 17 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 18 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 19 strongly strongly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 22 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 119 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 2 77 77 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 4 Vocabulary[edit Vocabulary[edit VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 6 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 7 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 9 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 10 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 11 vocabulary vocabulary NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 12 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 13 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 15 coining coin VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 16 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 17 lexical lexical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 18 items item NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 19 started start VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 20 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 21 soon soon RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 23 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 25 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 26 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 28 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 29 colonists colonist NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 30 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 31 borrowing borrow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 32 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 33 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 34 unfamiliar unfamiliar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 35 flora flora NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 37 fauna fauna NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 40 topography topography NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 41 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 43 Native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 44 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 45 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 120 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 2 78 78 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 4 Examples Examples NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 7 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 9 opossum opossum NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 11 raccoon raccoon NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 13 squash squash NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 15 moose moose VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 18 Algonquian),[78 Algonquian),[78 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 20 wigwam wigwam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 23 moccasin moccasin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 121 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 2 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 5 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 6 colonizing colonize VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 7 nations nation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 9 added add VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 12 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 13 vocabulary vocabulary NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 16 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 18 cookie cookie NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 20 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 21 Dutch Dutch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 23 kindergarten kindergarten NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 24 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 25 German,[79 German,[79 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 27 levee levee NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 29 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 30 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 32 rodeo rodeo NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 33 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 34 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 122 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 2 80][81][82][83 80][81][82][83 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 4 Landscape landscape NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 5 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 7 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 8 loanwords loanword NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 10 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 12 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 16 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 17 corn corn NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 19 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 21 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 23 refer refer VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 25 wheat wheat NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 28 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 29 cereal cereal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 32 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 34 denote denote VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 36 maize maize NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 37 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 40 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 41 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 42 crop crop NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 43 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 123 45 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 1 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 2 Mexican mexican JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 3 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 4 contributions contribution NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 5 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 6 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 8 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 10 1812 1812 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 14 opening opening NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 17 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 19 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 20 ranch ranch NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 22 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 24 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 25 house house NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 26 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 124 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 1 Due due IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 4 Mexican mexican JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 5 culinary culinary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 6 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 8 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 9 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 10 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 11 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 12 incorporated incorporate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 14 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 15 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 16 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 17 talking talk VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 18 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 19 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 20 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 21 dishes dish NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 22 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 23 cilantro cilantro NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 25 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 27 coriander coriander NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 30 queso queso NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 32 tacos taco NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 34 quesadillas quesadillas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 36 enchiladas enchiladas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 38 tostadas tostadas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 40 fajitas fajitas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 42 burritos burritos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 45 guacamole guacamole NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 125 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 2 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 3 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 4 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 5 really really RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 6 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 8 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 9 equivalent equivalent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 11 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 12 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 14 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 15 restaurants restaurant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 126 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 1 New new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 2 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 4 dwelling dwell VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 5 created create VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 6 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 7 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 9 lot lot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 11 waterfront waterfront NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 14 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 16 homes home NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 17 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 18 log log NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 19 cabin cabin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 21 adobe adobe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 24 18th 18th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 25 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 27 apartment apartment NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 29 shanty shanty NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 32 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 33 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 34 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 35 project project NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 37 condominium condominium NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 39 townhouse townhouse NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 41 mobile mobile JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 42 home home NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 43 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 45 20th 20th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 46 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 47 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 48 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 49 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 50 thereof thereof RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 51 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 52 driveway driveway NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 54 breezeway breezeway NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 56 backyard backyard NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 57 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 127 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 2 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 3 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 5 Industry industry NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 7 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 8 innovations innovation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 11 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 12 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 13 onwards onwards RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 14 provide provide VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 15 distinctive distinctive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 16 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 17 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 19 phrases phrase NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 22 idioms idiom NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 23 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 24 railroading railroading NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 26 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 27 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 28 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 29 rail rail NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 30 terminology terminology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 33 transportation transportation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 34 terminology terminology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 36 ranging range VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 37 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 38 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 40 roads road NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 42 dirt dirt NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 43 roads road NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 45 freeways freeway NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 46 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 47 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 48 infrastructure infrastructure NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 50 parking parking NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 51 lot lot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 53 overpass overpass NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 55 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 56 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 57 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 59 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 60 automotive automotive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 61 terminology terminology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 62 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 63 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 64 standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 65 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 66 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 67 internationally internationally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 128 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 2 84 84 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 4 Already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 5 existing exist VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 6 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 7 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 8 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 9 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 11 store store NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 13 shop shop NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 15 lumber lumber NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 16 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 17 underwent undergo VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 18 shifts shift NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 20 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 21 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 22 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 23 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 26 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 27 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 28 changing change VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 30 Britain Britain NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 129 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 1 Science science NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 3 urbanization urbanization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 6 democracy democracy NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 7 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 8 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 9 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 10 factors factor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 12 bringing bring VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 13 about about RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 14 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 17 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 19 spoken spoken JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 20 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 23 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 24 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 130 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 2 85 85 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 4 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 6 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 8 business business NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 10 finance finance NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 11 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 12 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 13 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 15 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 17 downsize downsize VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 19 bottom bottom JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 20 line line NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 23 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 24 sports sport NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 26 gambling gambling NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 27 terminology terminology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 28 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 30 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 31 jargon jargon NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 32 aside aside RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 34 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 35 everyday everyday JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 36 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 37 idioms idiom NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 39 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 40 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 41 idioms idiom NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 42 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 43 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 44 baseball baseball NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 131 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 2 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 4 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 5 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 6 inventions invention NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 7 remained remain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 8 largely largely RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 9 confined confine VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 11 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 12 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 14 elevator elevator NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 16 gasoline gasoline NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 19 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 20 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 21 automotive automotive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 22 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 24 truck truck NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 26 trunk trunk NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 132 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 2 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 3 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 5 New new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 6 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 7 loanwords loanword NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 8 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 10 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 12 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 13 20th 20th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 14 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 15 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 16 immigration immigration NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 19 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 21 notably notably RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 23 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 24 Yiddish Yiddish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 26 chutzpah chutzpah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 28 schmooze schmooze NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 31 German German NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 33 hamburger hamburger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 35 wiener wiener NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 133 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 2 86][87 86][87 LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 5 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 6 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 8 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 9 colloquialisms colloquialism NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 11 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 12 periods period NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 13 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 14 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 16 origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 18 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 19 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 20 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 21 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 22 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 23 flavor flavor NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 26 OK ok JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 28 cool cool JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 30 nerd nerd NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 32 24/7 24/7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 35 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 36 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 37 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 38 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 40 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 41 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 42 nice nice JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 43 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 45 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 46 sure);[88][89 sure);[88][89 LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 47 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 48 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 49 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 50 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 51 distinctly distinctly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 52 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 53 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 54 fashioned fashioned JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 55 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 56 swell swell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 58 groovy groovy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 59 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 134 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 2 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 3 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 4 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 6 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 7 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 9 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 11 hijacking hijacking NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 13 disc disc NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 14 jockey jockey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 16 boost boost NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 18 bulldoze bulldoze NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 20 jazz jazz NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 22 originated originate VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 23 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 24 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 25 slang slang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 135 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 2 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 4 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 5 shown show VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 7 marked marked JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 8 tendency tendency NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 10 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 11 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 13 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 14 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 16 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 18 nouns noun NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 19 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 20 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 21 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 23 verbs verb NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 136 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 2 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 4 Examples Examples NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 6 nouns noun NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 7 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 9 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 10 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 11 verbs verb NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 13 interview interview NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 15 advocate advocate NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 17 vacuum vacuum NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 19 lobby lobby NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 21 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 23 rear rear NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 25 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 27 transition transition NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 29 feature feature NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 31 profile profile NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 33 hashtag hashtag NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 35 head head NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 37 divorce divorce NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 39 loan loan NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 41 estimate estimate NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 43 X x NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 44 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 45 ray ray NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 47 spearhead spearhead NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 49 skyrocket skyrocket NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 51 showcase showcase NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 53 bad bad JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 54 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 55 mouth mouth NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 57 vacation vacation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 59 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 61 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 62 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 63 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 137 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 1 Compounds compound NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 2 coined coin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 5 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 8 instance instance NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 9 foothill foothill NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 11 landslide landslide NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 14 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 15 senses sense NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 18 backdrop backdrop NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 20 teenager teenager NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 22 brainstorm brainstorm NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 24 bandwagon bandwagon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 26 hitchhike hitchhike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 28 smalltime smalltime UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 32 huge huge JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 33 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 35 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 138 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 2 compound compound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 3 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 4 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 5 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 6 founded found VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 7 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 9 industrialization industrialization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 12 wave wave NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 15 automobile automobile NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 17 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 19 passenger passenger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 20 car car NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 22 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 24 door door NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 25 sedan sedan NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 27 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 29 door door NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 30 sedan sedan NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 33 station station NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 34 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 35 wagon wagon NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 36 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 37 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 38 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 39 estate estate NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 40 car car NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 42 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 139 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 2 91 91 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 4 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 6 euphemistic euphemistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 8 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 9 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 11 affirmative affirmative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 12 action action NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 14 correctional correctional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 15 facility facility NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 140 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 2 compound compound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 3 nouns noun NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 4 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 6 verb verb VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 10 preposition preposition NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 11 combination combination NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 13 stopover stopover NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 15 lineup lineup NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 17 tryout tryout NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 19 spin spin NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 21 off off NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 23 shootout shootout NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 25 holdup holdup NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 27 hideout hideout NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 29 comeback comeback NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 31 makeover makeover NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 34 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 35 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 141 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 2 prepositional prepositional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 4 phrasal phrasal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 5 verbs verb NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 8 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 10 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 11 origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 13 win win VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 14 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 16 hold hold VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 17 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 19 back back VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 20 up up RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 21 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 22 off off RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 23 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 24 down down RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 25 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 26 out out RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 28 face face VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 29 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 32 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 33 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 142 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 2 92 92 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 4 Noun Noun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 5 endings ending NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 8 -ee -ee NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 10 retiree retiree NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 13 -ery -ery : en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 15 bakery bakery NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 18 -ster -ster NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 20 gangster gangster NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 23 -cian -cian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 25 beautician beautician NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 27 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 28 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 29 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 30 productive productive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 33 U.S.[90 u.s.[90 JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 34 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 35 Several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 36 verbs verb NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 37 ending end VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 38 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 39 -ize -ize : en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 40 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 42 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 43 origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 44 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 45 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 46 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 48 fetishize fetishize VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 50 prioritize prioritize NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 52 burglarize burglarize NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 54 accessorize accessorize VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 56 weatherize weatherize VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 58 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 143 59 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 3 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 4 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 5 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 6 back back NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 8 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 10 locate locate NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 12 fine fine JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 14 tune tune NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 16 curate curate NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 18 donate donate NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 20 emote emote NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 22 upholster upholster NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 24 enthuse enthuse NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 144 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 1 Among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 2 syntactical syntactical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 3 constructions construction NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 4 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 5 arose arise VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 7 outside outside RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 10 headed head VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 13 meet meet VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 14 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 17 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 20 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 145 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 1 Americanisms americanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 2 formed form VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 3 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 4 alteration alteration NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 6 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 7 existing exist VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 8 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 9 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 10 notably notably RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 11 pesky pesky JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 13 phony phony JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 15 rambunctious rambunctious JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 17 buddy buddy NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 19 sundae sundae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 21 skeeter skeeter NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 23 sashay sashay NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 25 kitty kitty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 27 corner corner NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 146 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 1 Adjectives adjective NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 2 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 3 arose arise VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 6 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 10 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 12 lengthy lengthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 14 bossy bossy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 16 cute cute JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 18 cutesy cutesy NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 20 punk punk NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 23 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 24 senses sense NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 27 sticky sticky NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 31 weather weather NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 34 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 36 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 38 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 39 finished finish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 40 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 41 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 44 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 45 colloquial colloquial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 46 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 47 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 48 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 49 peppy peppy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 50 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 51 wacky wacky JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 147 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 2 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 4 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 6 meanings meaning NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 7 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 8 originated originate VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 10 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 11 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 13 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 14 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 15 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 17 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 18 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 148 19 been be VBN 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156 80 cart cart NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 156 81 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 156 82 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 156 83 carrying carry VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 156 84 supermarket supermarket NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 156 85 goods good NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 156 86 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 1 Grammatical grammatical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 3 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 4 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 5 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 6 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 8 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 9 English[edit english[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 11 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 12 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 14 Comparison comparison NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 16 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157 59 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 60 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 61 List List NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 62 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 63 garments garment NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 64 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 65 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 66 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 67 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 68 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 69 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 70 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 71 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 72 Lists Lists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 73 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 74 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 75 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 76 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 77 meanings meaning NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 78 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 79 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 80 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 81 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en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 106 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 107 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 108 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 109 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 110 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 111 BrE BrE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 112 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 113 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 114 differ differ VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 115 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 116 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 117 levels level NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 118 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 119 phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 120 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 121 phonetics phonetic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 122 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 123 vocabulary vocabulary NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 124 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 125 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 126 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 127 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 128 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 129 much much RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 130 lesser less JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 131 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 132 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 133 grammar grammar NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 134 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 135 orthography orthography NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 157 136 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 2 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 3 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 4 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 5 dictionary dictionary NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 7 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 8 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 9 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 12 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 13 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 15 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 17 Webster Webster NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 18 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 19 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 22 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 23 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 24 Noah Noah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 25 Webster Webster NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 27 1828 1828 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 29 codifying codify VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 30 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 32 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 33 spellings spelling NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 158 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 1 Differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 3 grammar grammar NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 4 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 5 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 6 minor minor JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 9 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 10 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 11 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 12 affect affect VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 13 mutual mutual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 14 intelligibility intelligibility NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 16 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 17 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 19 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 21 lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 23 differentiation differentiation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 24 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 25 adjectives adjective NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 27 adverbs adverb NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 29 employing employ VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 31 equivalent equivalent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 32 adjectives adjective NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 34 adverbs adverb NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 35 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 36 ran run VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 37 quick quick JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 38 / / NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 39 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 40 ran run VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 41 quickly quickly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 42 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 43 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 44 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 46 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 47 auxiliary auxiliary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 48 verbs verb NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 49 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 50 formal formal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 51 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 52 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 53 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 54 notional notional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 55 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 56 agreement agreement NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 57 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 58 collective collective JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 59 nouns noun NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 60 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 61 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 62 preferences preference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 63 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 64 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 65 past past JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 66 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 67 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 68 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 69 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 70 verbs verb NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 71 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 72 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 73 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 74 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 75 AmE AmE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 76 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 77 BrE BrE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 78 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 79 learned learn VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 80 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 81 learnt learnt NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 82 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 83 burned burn VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 84 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 85 burnt burn VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 86 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 87 snuck snuck NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 88 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 89 sneaked sneak VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 90 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 91 dove dove RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 92 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 93 dived dive VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 94 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 95 although although IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 96 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 97 purportedly purportedly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 98 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 99 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 100 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 101 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 102 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 103 occasionally occasionally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 104 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 105 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 106 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 107 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 108 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 109 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 110 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 111 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 112 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 113 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 114 prepositions preposition NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 115 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 116 adverbs adverb NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 117 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 118 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 119 contexts contexts NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 120 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 121 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 122 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 123 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 124 AmE AmE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 125 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 126 school school NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 127 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 128 BrE bre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 129 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 130 school school NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 131 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 132 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 133 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 134 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 135 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 136 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 137 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 138 definite definite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 139 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 140 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 141 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 142 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 143 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 144 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 145 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 146 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 147 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 148 AmE AmE NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 149 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 150 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 151 hospital hospital NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 152 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 153 BrE bre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 154 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 155 hospital hospital NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 156 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 157 contrast contrast NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 158 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 159 however however RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 160 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 161 AmE AmE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 162 actress actress NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 163 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 164 Taylor Taylor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 165 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 166 BrE BrE VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 167 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 168 actress actress NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 169 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 170 Taylor Taylor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 171 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 159 172 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 1 Often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 3 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 4 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 7 matter matter NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 9 relative relative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 10 preferences preference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 11 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 12 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 13 absolute absolute JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 14 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 17 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 18 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 19 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 20 stable stable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 21 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 23 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 24 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 25 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 26 constantly constantly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 27 influencing influence VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 28 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 29 other,[100 other,[100 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 30 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 32 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 33 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 34 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 35 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 37 standardized standardized JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 38 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 40 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 160 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 161 1 Differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 161 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 161 3 orthography orthography NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 161 4 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 161 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 161 6 minor minor JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 161 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 2 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 3 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 4 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 6 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 7 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 8 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 9 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 10 spellings spelling NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 11 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 13 flavor flavor NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 15 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 16 flavour flavour NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 18 fiber fiber NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 19 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 20 fibre fibre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 22 defense defense NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 23 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 24 defence defence NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 26 analyze analyze VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 28 analyse analyse NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 30 license license NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 31 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 32 licence licence NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 34 catalog catalog NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 35 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 36 catalogue catalogue NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 38 traveling travel VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 39 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 40 travelling travel VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 162 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 1 Noah Noah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 2 Webster Webster NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 3 popularized popularize VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 4 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 5 spellings spelling NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 7 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 10 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 11 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 12 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 13 invent invent VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 14 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 16 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 163 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 1 Rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 4 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 5 chose choose VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 6 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 7 existing exist VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 8 options option NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 10 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 11 grounds ground NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 13 simplicity simplicity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 15 analogy analogy NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 17 etymology etymology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 164 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 3 101 101 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 5 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 6 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 8 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 11 francophile francophile NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 12 tastes taste NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 15 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 16 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 17 Victorian victorian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 18 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 19 Britain Britain NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 22 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 23 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 24 preferred prefer VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 25 programme programme NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 27 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 29 manoeuvre manoeuvre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 30 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 31 maneuver maneuver NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 33 cheque cheque VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 34 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 35 check check NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 37 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 165 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 2 102 102 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 4 AmE AmE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 5 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 6 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 7 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 8 -ize -ize : en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 10 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 11 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 12 realize realize VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 166 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 1 BrE BrE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 2 prefers prefer VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 3 -ise -ise -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 5 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 7 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 8 -ize -ize : en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 10 occasion occasion NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 12 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 13 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 14 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 167 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 168 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-5478 168 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 168 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 168 4 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 168 5 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 168 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 168 7 punctuation punctuation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 168 8 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 168 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 1 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 2 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 4 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 5 tolerant tolerant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 7 run run VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 9 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 10 sentences sentence NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 12 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 13 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 14 comma comma JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 15 splices splice NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 18 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 19 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 22 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 23 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 24 requires require VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 25 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 26 periods period NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 28 commas comma NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 29 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 30 placed place VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 31 inside inside IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 32 closing closing NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 33 quotation quotation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 34 marks mark NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 35 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 37 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 39 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 40 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 41 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 42 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 43 place place VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 44 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 45 outside outside RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 169 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 2 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 4 favors favor VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 6 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 7 quotation quotation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 8 mark mark NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 11 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 15 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 16 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 18 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 19 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 20 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 21 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 170 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 171 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 171 2 103 103 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 171 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 171 4 Vocabulary Vocabulary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 171 5 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 171 6 vary vary VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 171 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 171 8 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 171 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 4 autumn autumn NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 6 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 7 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 8 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 11 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 12 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 14 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 15 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 17 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 18 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 20 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 21 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 172 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 3 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 4 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 6 aerial aerial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 8 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 9 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 11 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 12 antenna antenna NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 14 biscuit biscuit NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 16 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 17 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 19 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 20 cookie cookie NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 21 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 22 cracker cracker NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 24 car car NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 25 park park NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 27 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 28 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 30 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 31 parking parking NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 32 lot lot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 34 caravan caravan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 36 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 37 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 39 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 40 trailer trailer NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 42 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 43 centre centre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 45 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 46 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 48 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 49 downtown downtown NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 51 flat flat JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 52 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 53 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 54 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 55 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 56 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 57 apartment apartment NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 59 fringe fringe NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 60 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 61 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 62 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 63 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 64 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 65 bangs bang NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 66 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 67 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 68 holiday holiday NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 69 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 70 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 71 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 72 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 173 73 vs. vs. XX en-wikipedia-org-5478 174 1 vacation vacation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 174 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 2 104 104 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 4 AmE AmE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 5 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 6 favors favor VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 7 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 8 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 10 morphologically morphologically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 11 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 12 complex complex JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 14 whereas whereas IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 15 BrE bre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 16 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 17 clipped clipped JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 18 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 20 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 22 AmE AmE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 23 transportation transportation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 25 BrE bre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 26 transport transport NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 27 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 28 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 30 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 31 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 32 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 34 back back NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 36 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 38 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 39 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 40 AmE AmE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 41 burglarize burglarize NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 43 BrE BrE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 44 burgle burgle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 46 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 47 burglar burglar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 175 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 176 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 176 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 176 3 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 176 4 individuals individual NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 176 5 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 176 6 use use VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 176 7 one one CD 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en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 3 ENE ENE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 4 WNE WNE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 5 NYC NYC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 6 MID MID NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 8 ATLANTIC ATLANTIC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 9 INLAND inland NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 10 NORTHERN NORTHERN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 11 WPA WPA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 12 NORTH NORTH NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 13 CENTRAL central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 14 WESTERN western NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 15 MIDLAND MIDLAND NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 16 SOUTHERN SOUTHERN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 17 Texas Texas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 18 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 19 Mexico Mexico NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 20 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 21 Appalachia Appalachia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 22 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 23 Rhode Rhode NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 24 Island Island NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 25 Pacific Pacific NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 26 Northwest Northwest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 27 Chesapeake Chesapeake NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 28 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 29 Outer Outer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 30 Banks Banks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 31 Maine Maine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 32 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 33 Orleans Orleans NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 34 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 35 Peninsula Peninsula NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 36 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 37 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 38 Baltimore Baltimore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 39 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 40 map map NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 41 above above RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 42 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 44 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 45 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 46 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 47 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 48 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 49 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 50 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 51 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 52 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 53 caps cap NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 54 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 55 plus plus CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 56 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 57 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 58 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 59 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 60 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 61 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 62 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 63 demarcated demarcate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 64 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 65 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 66 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 67 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 68 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 177 69 . 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en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 7 account account VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 9 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 11 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 12 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 13 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 14 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 16 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 18 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 20 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 21 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 23 Chicano Chicano NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 24 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 26 Cajun Cajun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 27 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 29 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 180 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 2 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 3 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 6 largely largely RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 7 standardized standardize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 8 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 10 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 12 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 13 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 14 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 15 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 16 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 17 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 18 mutually mutually RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 19 intelligible intelligible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 21 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 22 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 23 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 24 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 25 recognizable recognizable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 26 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 28 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 29 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 31 lexical lexical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 32 distinctions distinction NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 181 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 1 Regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 2 accents[edit accents[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 4 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 5 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 7 Regional 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en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 29 engaged engage VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 32 complex complex JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 33 phenomenon phenomenon NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 35 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 36 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 37 convergence convergence NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 39 divergence divergence NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 40 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 41 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 42 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 43 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 44 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 45 homogenizing homogenize VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 47 leveling leveling JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 49 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 50 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 51 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 52 diversifying diversify VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 53 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 54 deviating deviate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 55 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 56 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 57 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 58 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 59 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 182 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 2 106 106 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 4 Having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 5 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 6 settled settle VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 7 longer long RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 8 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 10 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 11 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 12 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 15 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 16 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 17 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 18 had have VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 19 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 20 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 22 develop develop VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 23 unique unique JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 24 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 27 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 28 currently currently RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 29 comprises comprise VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 30 three three CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 31 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 32 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 33 linguistically linguistically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 34 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 35 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 37 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 39 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 40 possesses possess VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 41 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 42 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 43 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 44 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 45 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 46 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 47 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 48 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 49 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 50 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 51 quite quite RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 52 internally internally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 53 diverse diverse JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 54 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 55 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 56 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 59 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 60 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 61 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 62 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 63 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 64 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 65 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 66 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 67 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 68 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 69 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 70 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 71 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 72 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 73 unique unique JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 74 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 75 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 76 Baltimore Baltimore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 77 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 78 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 79 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 80 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 81 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 183 82 South South NNP 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23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 24 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 25 ushered usher VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 26 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 27 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 28 unique unique JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 29 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 31 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 33 fronting fronting NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 36 LOT LOT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 37 /ɑ/ /ɑ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 38 vowel vowel VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 41 mouth mouth NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 42 toward toward IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 43 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 44 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 45 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 47 tensing tensing NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 50 TRAP TRAP NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 51 /æ/ /æ/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 52 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 53 wholesale wholesale JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 54 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 55 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 56 eə eə NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 57 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 184 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 2 sound sound JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 3 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 4 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 5 triggered trigger VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 7 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 9 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 10 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 11 shifts shift NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 14 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 15 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 17 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 19 linguists linguist NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 23 Inland Inland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 24 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 185 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 2 107 107 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 5 Inland Inland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 6 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 7 shares share NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 10 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 11 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 12 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 13 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 15 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 16 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 17 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 20 backer backer NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 21 tongue tongue NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 22 positioning positioning NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 25 GOOSE GOOSE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 26 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 27 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 30 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 31 u u NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 32 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 36 MOUTH MOUTH NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 37 /aʊ/ /aʊ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 38 vowel vowel VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 40 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 41 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 42 ɑʊ ɑʊ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 43 ~ ~ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 44 äʊ äʊ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 45 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 46 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 47 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 48 comparison comparison NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 49 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 51 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 52 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 54 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 186 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 2 108 108 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 4 Ranging range VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 6 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 7 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 8 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 9 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 11 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 12 Lakes Lakes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 14 Minnesota Minnesota NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 16 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 17 Northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 18 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 19 marker marker NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 20 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 22 variable variable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 23 fronting fronting NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 25 /ɑ/ /ɑ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 26 before before RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 27 /r/,[109 /r/,[109 . en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 28 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 29 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 30 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 31 appearing appear VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 32 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 33 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 36 stereotypical stereotypical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 37 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 38 shibboleth shibboleth NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 39 Park Park NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 41 car car NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 42 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 43 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 44 Yard Yard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 187 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 2 110 110 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 5 red red JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 6 dots dot NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 7 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 8 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 9 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 10 metropolitan metropolitan JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 11 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 12 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 13 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 14 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 15 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 16 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 17 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 18 rhotic rhotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 19 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 20 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 21 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 22 documented document VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 23 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 24 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 26 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 27 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 28 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 29 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 30 white white JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 31 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 34 twenty twenty CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 36 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 37 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 188 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 1 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 2 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 3 rhotic rhotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 4 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 5 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 7 heard hear VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 9 black black JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 10 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 11 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 13 whole whole JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 14 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 189 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 2 111 111 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 4 Several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 5 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 6 phenomena phenomenon NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 7 serve serve VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 9 distinguish distinguish VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 10 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 11 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 12 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 190 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 1 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 3 Pittsburgh Pittsburgh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 5 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 6 Midwestern Midwestern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 9 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 10 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 11 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 12 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 13 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 14 completed complete VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 16 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 19 LOT LOT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 20 vowel vowel VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 23 THOUGHT THOUGHT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 24 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 26 /ɑ/ /ɑ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 28 /ɔ/ /ɔ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 30 respectively):[112 respectively):[112 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 31 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 33 cot cot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 34 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 35 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 36 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 38 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 39 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 40 rapidly rapidly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 41 spreading spread VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 42 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 44 whole whole JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 45 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 191 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 4 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 6 Inland Inland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 7 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 11 Northeastern northeastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 12 coastal coastal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 13 corridor corridor NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 14 passing pass VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 15 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 16 Rhode Rhode NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 17 Island Island NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 19 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 20 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 21 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 23 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 26 Baltimore Baltimore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 27 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 28 preserve preserve VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 29 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 30 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 31 cot cot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 32 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 33 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 34 distinction distinction NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 192 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 2 107 107 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 4 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 5 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 6 Northeastern northeastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 7 corridor corridor NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 10 realization realization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 13 THOUGHT THOUGHT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 14 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 16 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 17 marked mark VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 20 depicted depict VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 22 humorous humorous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 23 spellings spelling NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 25 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 27 tawk tawk NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 29 cawfee cawfee NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 31 talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 33 coffee coffee NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 36 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 37 intend intend VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 38 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 39 represent represent VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 40 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 41 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 42 tense tense JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 44 diphthongal diphthongal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 45 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 46 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 47 oə oə NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 48 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 193 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 2 113 113 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 5 split split NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 7 TRAP TRAP NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 8 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 9 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 10 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 11 phonemes phoneme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 13 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 14 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 16 pronunciations pronunciation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 18 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 20 gap gap NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 21 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 22 æ æ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 24 versus versus FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 25 gas gas NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 26 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 27 eə eə NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 28 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 30 further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 31 defines define VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 32 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 33 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 34 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 35 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 36 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 37 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 38 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 39 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 40 Baltimore Baltimore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 41 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 194 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 2 114 114 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 4 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 5 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 6 preserve preserve VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 7 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 8 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 9 /ɹ/ /ɹ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 10 sounds sound VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 12 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 13 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 15 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 18 rhotic rhotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 19 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 195 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 2 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 3 traditionally traditionally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 4 r r NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 6 dropping dropping NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 9 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 10 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 11 rhotic rhotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 13 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 14 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 15 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 16 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 17 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 19 eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 20 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 21 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 23 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 24 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 25 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 26 variably variably RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 29 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 32 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 33 plantation plantation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 34 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 35 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 36 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 37 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 38 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 41 consequently consequently RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 42 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 43 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 44 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 45 Vernacular Vernacular NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 46 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 47 variably variably RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 48 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 50 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 51 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 53 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 55 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 56 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 57 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 58 cluster cluster NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 59 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 60 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 61 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 62 bird bird NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 64 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 65 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 66 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 67 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 68 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 69 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 70 hurt hurt VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 72 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 73 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 74 learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 76 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 77 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 196 78 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 1 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 2 retains retain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 3 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 4 r r NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 5 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 7 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 9 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 10 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 11 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 12 rhotic rhotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 13 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 14 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 197 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 1 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 2 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 3 rhoticity rhoticity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 4 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 5 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 6 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 8 presumed presume VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 10 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 11 arisen arise VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 13 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 14 upper upper JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 15 classes class NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 16 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 17 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 18 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 19 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 21 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 23 imitating imitate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 24 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 25 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 26 r r NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 28 dropping dropping NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 31 feature feature NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 32 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 33 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 34 continued continue VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 36 gain gain VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 37 prestige prestige NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 38 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 39 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 40 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 42 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 43 18th 18th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 44 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 45 onwards,[115 onwards,[115 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 46 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 47 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 48 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 49 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 50 conversely conversely RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 51 lost lose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 52 prestige prestige NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 53 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 55 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 56 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 57 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 58 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 59 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 60 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 61 20th 20th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 62 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 198 63 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 2 116 116 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 4 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 5 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 6 rhoticity rhoticity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 7 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 9 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 10 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 11 car car NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 12 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 13 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 14 cah cah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 16 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 17 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 18 sauce sauce NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 199 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 2 117 117 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 4 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 5 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 6 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 8 Southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 9 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 12 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 13 prominent prominent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 14 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 15 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 18 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 20 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 21 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 24 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 25 stigmatized stigmatize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 27 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 29 perceived perceive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 30 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 31 incorrectness incorrectness NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 200 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 2 118][119][120][121 118][119][120][121 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 4 Southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 5 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 7 strongest strong JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 9 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 10 Appalachia Appalachia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 12 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 13 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 15 Texas Texas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 18 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 19 identified identify VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 21 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 25 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 27 accent,[122 accent,[122 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 28 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 30 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 31 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 34 /aɪ/ /aɪ/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 35 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 36 losing lose VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 37 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 38 gliding gliding JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 39 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 40 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 41 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 42 aː aː NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 43 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 46 initiation initiation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 47 event event NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 48 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 49 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 50 complicated complicated JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 51 Southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 52 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 53 shift shift NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 55 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 56 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 57 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 58 Southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 59 drawl drawl NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 60 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 61 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 62 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 63 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 64 front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 65 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 66 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 67 distinct distinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 68 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 69 sounding sound VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 70 gliding gliding NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 71 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 201 72 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 2 123 123 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 5 fronting fronting NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 8 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 10 GOOSE GOOSE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 12 GOAT GOAT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 14 MOUTH MOUTH NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 17 STRUT strut NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 18 tends tend VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 19 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 20 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 21 define define VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 22 Southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 23 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 24 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 25 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 26 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 28 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 29 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 32 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 33 Midland Midland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 34 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 35 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 37 vast vast JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 38 band band NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 41 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 42 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 43 constitutes constitute VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 44 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 45 intermediate intermediate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 46 dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 47 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 48 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 50 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 51 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 52 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 53 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 202 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 203 1 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 203 2 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 203 3 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 203 4 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 203 5 fall fall VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 203 6 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 203 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 203 8 General general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 203 9 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 203 10 spectrum spectrum NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 203 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 1 Below below RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 3 ten ten CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 4 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 5 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 6 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 7 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 9 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 11 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 12 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 13 combinations combination NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 15 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 16 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 17 sounds sound VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 19 Accent accent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 20 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 21 Most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 22 populous populous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 23 urban urban JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 24 center center NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 25 Strong Strong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 26 /aʊ/ /aʊ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 27 fronting front VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 28 Strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 29 /oʊ/ /oʊ/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 30 fronting front VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 31 Strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 32 /u/ /u/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 33 fronting front VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 34 Strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 35 /ɑr/ /ɑr/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 36 fronting front VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 37 Cot Cot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 38 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 39 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 40 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 41 Pin Pin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 42 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 43 pen pen NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 44 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 45 /æ/ /æ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 46 raising raise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 47 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 48 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 49 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 50 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 51 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 52 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 53 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 54 Mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 55 No no DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 56 pre pre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 57 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 58 nasal nasal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 59 Inland Inland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 60 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 61 Chicago Chicago NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 62 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 63 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 64 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 65 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 66 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 67 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 68 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 69 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 70 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 71 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 72 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 73 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 74 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 75 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 76 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 77 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 78 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 79 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 80 split split NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 81 Midland Midland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 82 Indianapolis Indianapolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 83 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 84 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 85 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 86 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 87 Mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 88 Mixed mix VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 89 pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 90 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 91 nasal nasal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 92 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 93 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 94 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 95 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 96 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 97 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 98 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 99 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 100 No[124 no[124 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 101 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 102 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 103 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 104 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 105 split split VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 106 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 107 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 108 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 109 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 110 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 111 Midwestern Midwestern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 112 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 113 Minneapolis Minneapolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 114 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 115 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 116 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 117 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 118 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 119 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 120 pre pre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 121 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 122 nasal nasal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 123 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 124 pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 125 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 126 velar velar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 127 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 128 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 129 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 130 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 131 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 132 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 133 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 134 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 135 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 136 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 137 pre pre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 138 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 139 nasal nasal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 140 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 141 San San NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 142 Antonio Antonio NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 143 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 144 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 145 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 146 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 147 Mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 148 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 149 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 150 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 151 Los Los NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 152 Angeles Angeles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 153 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 154 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 155 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 156 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 157 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 158 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 159 pre pre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 160 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 161 nasal nasal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 162 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 163 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 164 Pittsburgh Pittsburgh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 165 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 166 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 167 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 168 No no UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 169 Yes yes UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 170 Mixed mix VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 171 pre pre NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 172 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 173 nasal nasal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 174 General general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 175 American[edit American[edit '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 176 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 177 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 178 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 179 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 180 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 181 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 182 noted note VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 183 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 184 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 185 Lakes Lakes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 186 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 187 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 188 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 189 Pittsburgh Pittsburgh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 190 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 191 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 192 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 193 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 194 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 195 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 196 undergone undergo VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 197 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 198 vigorous vigorous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 199 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 200 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 201 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 202 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 203 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 204 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 205 mid mid JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 206 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 207 nineteenth nineteenth JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 208 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 209 onwards onwards RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 210 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 211 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 212 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 213 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 214 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 215 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 216 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 217 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 218 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 219 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 220 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 221 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 222 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 223 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 224 50 50 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 225 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 226 100 100 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 227 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 228 ago ago RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 229 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 230 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 231 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 232 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 233 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 234 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 235 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 236 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 237 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 238 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 239 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 240 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 241 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 242 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 243 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 244 remained remain VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 245 stable stable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 246 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 247 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 248 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 249 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 250 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 251 frame frame NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 204 252 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 2 106 106 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 7 General general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 8 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 9 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 10 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 11 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 12 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 13 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 14 debated debate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 15 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 17 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 18 nationwide nationwide RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 21 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 23 gradually gradually RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 24 beginning begin VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 26 oust oust VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 28 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 29 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 31 urban urban JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 32 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 35 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 37 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 38 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 39 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 42 Inland Inland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 43 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 205 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 1 Rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 2 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 3 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 4 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 5 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 7 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 8 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 10 best well RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 11 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 14 umbrella umbrella NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 15 covering cover VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 16 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 17 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 18 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 19 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 20 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 21 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 22 incorporate incorporate VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 23 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 24 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 25 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 26 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 27 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 28 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 30 ethnicity ethnicity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 32 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 33 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 34 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 206 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 1 Typical Typical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 2 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 3 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 4 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 5 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 6 rhoticity rhoticity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 9 father father NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 10 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 11 bother bother NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 12 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 14 Mary Mary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 15 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 16 marry marry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 17 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 18 merry merry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 19 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 21 pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 22 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 23 nasal nasal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 25 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 28 tensing tensing NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 31 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 32 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 33 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 34 sounds sound NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 207 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 2 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 4 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 5 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 6 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 8 embraced embrace VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 9 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 11 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 12 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 13 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 14 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 15 educated educate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 19 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 20 formal formal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 21 contexts contexts NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 24 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 25 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 28 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 29 General general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 30 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 31 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 32 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 33 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 34 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 35 Midland Midland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 37 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 38 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 39 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 42 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 43 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 208 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 2 varieties[edit varieties[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 4 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 5 no no RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 6 longer long JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 7 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 9 specific,[125 specific,[125 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 11 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 13 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 14 Vernacular Vernacular NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 15 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 17 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 18 remains remain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 20 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 21 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 23 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 24 working- working- JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 26 middle middle JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 28 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 29 African African NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 30 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 32 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 34 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 35 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 36 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 37 Southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 38 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 40 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 41 greatly greatly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 42 influenced influence VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 43 everyday everyday JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 44 speech speech NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 46 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 47 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 49 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 50 hip hip NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 51 hop hop NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 52 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 209 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 1 Hispanic hispanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 3 Latino latino JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 4 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 5 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 7 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 8 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 10 speaker speaker NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 11 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 13 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 210 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 2 best well RBS en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 4 studied study VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 5 Latino Latino NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 6 Englishes english NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 8 Chicano Chicano NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 9 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 11 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 14 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 16 Midwest Midwest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 19 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 20 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 21 Latino Latino NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 22 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 24 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 27 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 28 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 29 metropolitan metropolitan JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 30 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 211 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 1 Additionally additionally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 3 ethnic ethnic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 4 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 5 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 7 Yeshiva Yeshiva NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 8 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 11 Yinglish Yinglish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 13 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 14 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 16 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 17 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 18 Orthodox Orthodox NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 19 Jews Jews NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 21 Cajun Cajun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 22 Vernacular Vernacular NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 23 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 25 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 26 Cajuns Cajuns NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 28 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 29 Louisiana Louisiana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 32 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 33 Dutch Dutch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 34 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 35 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 36 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 37 bilingual bilingual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 38 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 39 Dutch Dutch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 40 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 212 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 213 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 213 2 Indian Indian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 213 3 Englishes Englishes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 213 4 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 213 5 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 213 6 documented document VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 213 7 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 213 8 diverse diverse JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 213 9 Indian indian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 213 10 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 213 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 2 island island NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 3 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 5 Hawaii Hawaii NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 7 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 8 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 9 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 11 speaking speaking NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 14 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 15 home home RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 18 creole creole JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 19 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 20 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 21 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 23 Hawaiian Hawaiian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 24 Pidgin Pidgin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 27 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 28 Hawaii Hawaii NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 29 residents resident NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 30 speak speak VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 31 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 32 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 34 Pidgin Pidgin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 36 influenced influence VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 37 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 214 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 2 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 4 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 5 rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 8 dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 9 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 11 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 14 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 16 Philippine Philippine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 17 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 19 beginning begin VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 20 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 22 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 23 occupation occupation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 26 Philippines Philippines NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 28 subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 30 Insular Insular NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 31 Government Government NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 34 Philippine philippine JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 35 Islands Islands NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 36 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 37 Thomasites Thomasites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 38 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 39 established establish VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 40 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 41 variation variation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 43 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 44 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 46 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 47 islands island NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 215 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 2 126 126 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 4 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 5 also[edit also[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 7 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 8 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 9 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 10 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 11 portal portal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 12 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 14 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 15 Regional Regional NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 16 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 17 List List NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 19 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 20 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 21 from from IN 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Phonological Phonological NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 43 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 45 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 46 Regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 47 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 49 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 50 Canadian canadian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 51 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 52 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 53 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 54 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 55 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 56 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 57 Received Received NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 58 Pronunciation Pronunciation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 59 Transatlantic Transatlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 60 accent accent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 61 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 62 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 63 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 64 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 65 spelling spelling NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 66 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 67 Notes[edit notes[edit IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 68 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 69 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 70 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 71 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 72 Hawaiian Hawaiian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 73 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 74 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 75 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 76 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 77 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 78 Hawaii Hawaii NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 79 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 80 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 81 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 82 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 83 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 84 Indigenous indigenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 85 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 86 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 87 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 88 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 89 Alaska Alaska NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 216 90 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 1 Algonquian Algonquian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 3 Cherokee Cherokee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 6 Sioux Sioux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 8 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 9 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 10 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 11 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 12 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 14 Native Native NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 16 controlled control VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 17 lands land NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 18 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 20 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 217 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 1 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 4 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 5 facto facto FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 7 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 8 unofficial unofficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 10 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 12 Maine Maine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 14 Louisiana Louisiana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 16 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 17 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 18 Mexico Mexico NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 19 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 20 grants grant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 21 Spanish spanish VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 23 special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 24 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 218 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 2 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 3 territories territory NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 5 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 6 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 7 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 9 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 11 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 12 indigenous indigenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 13 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 14 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 15 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 17 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 19 Puerto Puerto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 20 Rico Rico NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 22 Samoan Samoan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 24 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 25 Samoa Samoa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 27 Chamorro Chamorro NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 29 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 30 Guam Guam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 33 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 34 Mariana Mariana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 35 Islands Islands NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 219 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 1 Carolinian Carolinian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 5 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 6 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 9 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 10 Mariana Mariana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 11 Islands Islands NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 220 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 2 127][128 127][128 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 4 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 5 en en FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 7 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 10 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 11 code code NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 13 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 14 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 17 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 19 ISO iso NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 20 standards standard NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 22 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 23 ISO ISO NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 24 639 639 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 26 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 28 ISO ISO NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 29 3166 3166 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 30 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 31 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 32 alpha-2 alpha-2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 35 Internet internet NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 36 standards standard NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 38 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 39 IETF IETF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 40 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 41 tag tag NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 221 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 2 Dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 4 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 6 rhotic rhotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 8 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 9 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 10 pronounce pronounce VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 12 r r NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 13 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 15 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 16 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 17 environments environment NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 19 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 20 ever ever RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 22 dropping drop VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 24 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 25 sound sound NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 222 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 2 father father NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 3 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 4 bother bother NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 5 merger merger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 8 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 11 unrounded unrounded NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 12 /ɒ/ /ɒ/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 13 vowel vowel VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 14 variant variant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 18 cot cot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 20 lot lot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 22 bother bother NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 24 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 223 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 1 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 2 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 3 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 5 /ɑ/ /ɑ/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 6 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 10 spa spa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 12 haha haha UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 14 Ma Ma NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 17 causing cause VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 18 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 19 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 20 con con NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 22 Kahn Kahn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 24 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 25 sob sob NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 27 Saab Saab NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 29 sound sound VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 30 identical identical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 32 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 34 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 35 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 36 realized realize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 39 back back NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 40 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 41 middle middle NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 44 mouth mouth NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 45 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 46 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 47 ɑ ɑ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 48 ~ ~ SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 49 ɑ̈ ɑ̈ CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 50 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 224 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 1 Finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 3 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 6 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 7 participates participate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 10 continuous continuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 11 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 12 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 16 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 19 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 22 cat cat NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 24 trap trap NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 26 bath bath NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 28 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 225 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 3 causing cause VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 4 /æ/ /æ/ , en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 5 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 7 pronounced pronounce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 10 tongue tongue NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 11 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 15 glide glide NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 16 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 18 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 19 sounding sound VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 20 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 21 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 22 ɛə ɛə NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 25 particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 26 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 27 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 29 nasal nasal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 30 consonant consonant NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 31 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 32 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 34 mad mad NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 35 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 36 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 37 mæd mæd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 38 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 40 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 41 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 42 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 43 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 44 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 45 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 46 mɛən mɛən NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 47 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 226 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 1 References[edit references[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 3 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 6 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 7 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 10 Ethnologue Ethnologue NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 12 18th 18th NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 13 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 14 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 16 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 18 ^ ^ VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 20 Unified unify VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 21 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 22 Braille Braille NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 24 UEB UEB NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 227 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 228 1 Braille Braille NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 228 2 Authority Authority NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 228 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 228 4 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 228 5 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 228 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 228 7 BANA BANA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 228 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 228 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 229 1 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 229 2 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 229 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 229 4 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 229 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 230 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 230 2 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 230 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 230 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 230 5 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 230 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 3 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 6 IANA iana NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 7 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 8 subtag subtag NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 9 registry registry NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 10 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 11 named name VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 14 en en NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 16 publication publication NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 17 date date NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 19 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 20 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 21 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 23 retrieved retrieve VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 24 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 25 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 26 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 27 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 231 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 3 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 4 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 7 IANA iana NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 8 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 9 subtag subtag NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 10 registry registry NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 11 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 12 named name VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 15 US US NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 17 publication publication NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 18 date date NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 20 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 21 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 22 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 23 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 24 retrieved retrieve VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 26 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 27 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 28 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 232 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 2 Plichta Plichta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 4 Bartlomiej Bartlomiej NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 7 Dennis Dennis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 8 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 9 Preston Preston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 11 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 233 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 3 /ay /ay NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 4 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 5 s s PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 6 Have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 7 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 10 Perception Perception NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 12 /ay/ /ay/ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 15 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 17 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 18 Stereotype Stereotype NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 21 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 22 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 23 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 234 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 235 1 Acta Acta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 235 2 Linguistica Linguistica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 235 3 Hafniensia Hafniensia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 235 4 37.1 37.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 235 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 235 6 107–130 107–130 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 235 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 236 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 236 2 Zentella Zentella NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 236 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 236 4 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 236 5 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 236 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 236 7 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 236 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 236 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 1 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 3 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 5 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 8 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 9 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 12 Puerto puerto JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 13 Rican rican JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 14 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 237 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 238 1 Word Word NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 238 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 238 3 33(1–2 33(1–2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 238 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 238 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 238 6 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 238 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 239 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 239 2 Crystal Crystal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 239 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 239 4 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 239 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 239 6 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 239 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 239 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 240 1 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 240 2 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 240 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 240 4 Global Global NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 240 5 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 240 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 241 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 241 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 241 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 241 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 241 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 241 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 7 521 521 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 9 53032 53032 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 11 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 242 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 243 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 243 2 Engel Engel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 243 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 243 4 Matthew Matthew NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 243 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 243 6 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 243 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 243 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 1 That that DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 2 's be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 4 Way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 5 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 6 Crumbles crumble VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 9 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 10 Conquest Conquest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 12 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 244 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 245 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 245 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 245 3 Profile Profile NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 245 4 Books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 245 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 246 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 246 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 246 3 9781782832621 9781782832621 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 246 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 247 1 OCLC oclc NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 247 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 247 3 989790918 989790918 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 247 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 3 Fears Fears NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 5 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 6 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 8 disappearance disappearance NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 9 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 10 overblown overblown JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 248 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 249 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 249 2 Economist Economist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 249 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 250 1 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 250 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 250 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 250 4 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 250 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 251 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 251 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 251 3 0013 0013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 251 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 251 5 0613 0613 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 251 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 252 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 252 2 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 252 3 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 252 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 252 5 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 252 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 253 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 253 2 Harbeck Harbeck NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 253 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 253 4 James James NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 253 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 253 6 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 253 7 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 253 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 253 9 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 253 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 253 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 2 Why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 4 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 5 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 6 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 7 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 9 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 10 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 254 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 255 1 www.bbc.com www.bbc.com ADD en-wikipedia-org-5478 255 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 256 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 256 2 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 256 3 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 256 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 256 5 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 256 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 257 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 257 2 Reddy Reddy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 257 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 257 4 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 257 5 Rammanohar Rammanohar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 257 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 3 Readers Readers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 4 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 5 Editor editor NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 6 writes write VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 8 Why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 10 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 11 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 12 becoming become VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 13 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 15 everyday everyday JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 16 usage usage NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 18 India India NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 19 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 258 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 259 1 Scroll.in scroll.in NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 259 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 260 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 260 2 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 260 3 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 260 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 260 5 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 260 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 261 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 261 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 261 3 Cookies cookie NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 261 4 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 261 5 biscuits biscuit NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 261 6 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 1 Data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 2 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 3 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 5 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 6 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 8 growing grow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 10 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 11 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 262 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 263 1 Hindustan Hindustan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 263 2 Times Times NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 263 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 264 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 264 2 Guardian Guardian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 264 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 265 1 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 265 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 265 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 265 4 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 265 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 266 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 266 2 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 266 3 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 266 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 266 5 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 266 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 2 Gonçalves Gonçalves NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 4 Bruno Bruno NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 6 Loureiro Loureiro NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 8 Porto Porto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 10 José José NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 11 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 12 Ramasco Ramasco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 14 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 15 Sánchez Sánchez NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 17 Lucía Lucía NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 18 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 19 Ramasco Ramasco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 21 José José NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 22 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 23 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 24 Sánchez Sánchez NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 26 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 28 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 29 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 31 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 267 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 2 Mapping map VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 4 Americanization Americanization NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 6 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 8 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 10 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 268 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 269 1 PLOS PLOS NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 269 2 ONE one CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 269 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 270 1 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 270 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 270 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 270 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 270 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 270 6 e0197741 e0197741 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 270 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 271 1 arXiv:1707.00781 arxiv:1707.00781 UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 271 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 272 1 Bibcode:2018PLoSO Bibcode:2018PLoSO NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 272 2 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 272 3 1397741G. 1397741g. CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 273 1 doi:10.1371 doi:10.1371 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 273 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 273 3 journal.pone.0197741 journal.pone.0197741 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 273 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 274 1 PMC PMC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 274 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 274 3 5969760 5969760 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 274 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 275 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 275 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 275 3 29799872 29799872 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 275 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 2 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 3 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 5 2020.CS1 2020.cs1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 6 maint maint NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 8 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 9 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 11 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 12 list list NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 14 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 16 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 17 Crawford Crawford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 19 James James NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 21 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 22 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 24 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 276 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 277 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 277 2 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 277 3 Legislation Legislation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 277 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 277 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 277 6 U.S.A. U.S.A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 277 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 277 8 languagepolicy.net languagepolicy.net NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 277 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 278 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 278 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 278 3 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 278 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 278 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 278 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 3 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 5 Efforts Efforts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 6 Lead lead VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 7 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 8 Virginia Virginia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 10 Become become VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 11 32nd 32nd JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 12 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 14 Recognize recognize VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 15 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 17 Official Official NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 18 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 279 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 280 1 us-english.org us-english.org NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 280 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 281 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 281 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 281 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 281 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 281 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 281 6 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 281 7 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 281 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 281 9 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 281 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 282 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 282 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 282 3 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 282 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 282 5 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 282 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 3 48 48 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 4 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 5 Code Code NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 6 § § CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 7 864 864 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 8 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 9 Appeals Appeals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 11 certiorari certiorari NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 13 removal removal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 15 causes cause NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 17 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 283 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 2 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 4 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 5 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 6 | | NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 7 LII LII NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 8 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 9 Legal Legal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 10 Information Information NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 11 Institute Institute NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 284 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 285 1 Law.cornell.edu Law.cornell.edu NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 285 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 286 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 286 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 286 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 286 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 286 5 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 286 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 287 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 287 2 Kretzchmar Kretzchmar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 287 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 287 4 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 287 5 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 2 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 5 Kortmann Kortmann NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 7 Bernd Bernd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 9 Schneider Schneider NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 11 Edgar Edgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 288 12 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 289 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 289 2 eds eds PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 289 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 4 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 6 Varieties Varieties NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 8 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 10 Berlin Berlin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 11 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 12 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 13 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 15 Mouton Mouton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 16 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 17 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 19 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 290 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 1 262–263 262–263 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 5 9783110175325 9783110175325 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 6 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 7 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 9 2012:1–2 2012:1–2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 11 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 12 Kretzchmar Kretzchmar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 14 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 291 15 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 2 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 5 Kortmann Kortmann NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 7 Bernd Bernd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 9 Schneider Schneider NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 11 Edgar Edgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 292 12 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 293 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 293 2 eds eds PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 293 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 4 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 6 Varieties Varieties NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 8 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 10 Berlin Berlin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 11 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 12 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 13 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 15 Mouton Mouton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 16 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 17 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 19 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 20   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 21 262 262 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 23 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 24   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 25 9783110175325 9783110175325 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 26 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 28 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 29 You -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 30 Speak speak VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 31 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 294 32 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 295 1 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 295 2 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 295 3 Lies lie VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 295 4 Ahead ahead RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 295 5 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 295 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 295 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 296 1 PBS PBS NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 296 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 297 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 297 2 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 297 3 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 297 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 297 5 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 297 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 2 Kretzchmar Kretzchmar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 4 2004:258–9 2004:258–9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 6 harvcoltxt harvcoltxt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 7 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 9 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 10 targets target NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 12 2× 2× NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 15 CITEREFKretzchmar2004 CITEREFKretzchmar2004 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 17 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 19 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 20 Longmore Longmore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 22 2007:517 2007:517 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 24 520 520 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 26 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 27 Longmore Longmore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 29 2007:537 2007:537 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 31 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 32 Hickey Hickey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 34 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 36 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 298 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 299 1 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 299 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 299 3 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 299 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 299 5 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 299 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 300 1 Wiley Wiley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 300 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 300 3 Blackwell Blackwell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 300 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 301 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 301 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 301 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 4 Harbeck Harbeck NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 6 James James NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 8 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 9 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 11 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 302 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 2 Why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 4 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 5 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 6 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 7 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 9 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 10 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 303 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 304 1 www.bbc.com www.bbc.com ADD en-wikipedia-org-5478 304 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 305 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 305 2 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 305 3 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 305 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 305 5 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 305 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 2 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 3 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 6 Trudgill Trudgill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 7 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 9 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 11 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 15 collective collective JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 16 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 17 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 18 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 20 varieties variety NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 23 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 24 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 25 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 26 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 27 spoken speak VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 29 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 31 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 32 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 34 Canada Canada NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 306 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 3 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 4 Is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 6 Difference Difference NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 7 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 8 Theater Theater NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 10 Theatre Theatre NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 11 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 307 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 308 1 Wisegeek.org Wisegeek.org NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 308 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 309 1 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 309 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 309 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 309 4 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 309 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 310 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 310 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 310 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 310 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 310 5 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 310 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 4 Plag Plag NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 6 Ingo Ingo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 7 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 8 Braun Braun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 10 Maria Maria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 11 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 12 Lappe Lappe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 14 Sabine Sabine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 15 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 16 Schramm Schramm NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 18 Mareile Mareile NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 20 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 311 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 312 1 Introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 312 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 312 3 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 312 4 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 312 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 313 1 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 313 2 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 313 3 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 313 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 314 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 314 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 314 3 53 53 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 314 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 5 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 7 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 9 021550 021550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 11 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 315 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 316 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 316 2 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 316 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 316 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 316 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 316 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 2 Collins Collins NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 4 Mees Mees NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 6 2002:178 2002:178 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 8 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 9 Collins Collins NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 10 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 11 Mees Mees NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 13 2002:181 2002:181 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 15 306 306 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 17 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 18 Wolchover Wolchover NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 20 Natalie Natalie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 22 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 317 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 318 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 318 2 Why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 318 3 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 318 4 Americans Americans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 318 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 318 6 Brits Brits NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 318 7 Have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 318 8 Different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 318 9 Accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 318 10 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 318 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 319 1 LiveScience LiveScience NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 319 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 320 1 Purch purch NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 320 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 321 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 321 2 Lass Lass NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 321 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 321 4 Roger Roger NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 321 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 321 6 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 321 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 321 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 322 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 322 2 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 322 3 Mainland mainland NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 322 4 Residues residue NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 322 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 322 6 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 322 7 Hiberno Hiberno NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 322 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 322 9 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 322 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 322 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 323 1 Irish Irish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 323 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 323 3 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 323 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 324 1 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 324 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 324 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 324 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 324 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 324 6 137–148 137–148 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 324 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 325 1 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 325 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 325 3 25484343 25484343 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 325 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 2 Wolfram Wolfram NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 4 Walt Walt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 6 Schilling schilling NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 8 Natalie Natalie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 10 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 326 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 327 1 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 327 2 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 327 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 327 4 Dialects Dialects NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 327 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 327 6 Variation Variation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 327 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 328 1 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 328 2 Wiley Wiley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 328 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 328 4 Sons Sons NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 328 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 329 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 329 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 330 1 103–104 103–104 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 330 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 2 Hallé Hallé NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 4 Best Best NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 6 Levitt Levitt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 8 1999:283 1999:283 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 10 citing cite VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 11 Delattre Delattre NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 12 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 13 Freeman Freeman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 15 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 18 Zawadzki Zawadzki NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 19 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 20 Kuehn Kuehn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 22 1980 1980 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 26 Boyce Boyce NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 27 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 28 Espy Espy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 30 Wilson Wilson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 32 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 34 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 35 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 36 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 38 Varieties Varieties NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 40 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 42 Bernd Bernd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 43 Kortmann Kortmann NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 44 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 45 Edgar Edgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 46 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 47 Schneider Schneider NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 49 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 50 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 51 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 53 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 55 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 56 317 317 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 331 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 2 Wells Wells NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 4 1982:136–7 1982:136–7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 6 203–4 203–4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 8 ^ ^ : en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 9 Wells Wells NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 11 1982:136–37 1982:136–37 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 13 203–6 203–6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 15 234 234 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 17 245–47 245–47 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 19 339–40 339–40 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 21 400 400 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 23 419 419 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 25 443 443 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 27 576 576 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 29 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 30 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 32 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 33 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 34 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 36 2006:171 2006:171 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 38 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 39 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 41 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 44 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 45   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 46 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 48 sfnp sfnp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 49 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 50 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 51 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 52 target target NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 53 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 54 CITEREFLabov2006 CITEREFLabov2006 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 55 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 56 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 57 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 58 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 59 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 60 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 61 Wells Wells NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 62 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 63 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 64 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 66 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 67   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 68 476 476 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 332 69 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 2 Vaux Vaux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 4 Bert Bert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 6 Golder Golder NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 8 Scott Scott NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 10 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 333 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 2 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 3 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 4 pronounce pronounce VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 5 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 6 cot cot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 7 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 9 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 10 çaught çaught NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 11 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 13 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 14 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 334 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 335 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 335 2 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 335 3 Dialect Dialect NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 335 4 Survey Survey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 335 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 336 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 336 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 336 3 MA MA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 336 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 336 5 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 336 6 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 336 7 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 336 8 Department Department NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 336 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 2 Vaux Vaux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 4 Bert Bert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 6 Jøhndal Jøhndal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 8 Marius Marius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 9 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 11 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 337 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 2 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 3 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 4 pronounce pronounce VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 6 cot cot NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 10 caught catch VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 13 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 14 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 338 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 339 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 339 2 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 339 3 Survey Survey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 339 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 339 5 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 339 6 Englishes Englishes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 339 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 340 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 340 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 340 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 340 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 340 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 2 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 4 Merriam Merriam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 6 Webster Webster NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 7 Collegiate Collegiate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 8 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 10 Eleventh Eleventh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 11 Edition Edition NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 341 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 342 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 342 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 342 3 Want want NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 342 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 342 5 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 342 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 342 7 definitions definition NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 342 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 342 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 343 1 Dictionary.infoplease.com dictionary.infoplease.com ADD en-wikipedia-org-5478 343 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 344 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 344 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 344 3 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 344 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 344 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 344 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 345 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 345 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 345 3 want want VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 345 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 2 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 3 Heritage Heritage NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 4 ® ® NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 5 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 8 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 9 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 11 Fourth Fourth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 12 Edition Edition NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 346 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 347 1 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 347 2 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 347 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 348 1 Bartleby.com Bartleby.com NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 348 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 349 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 349 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 349 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 349 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 349 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 349 6 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 349 7 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 349 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 349 9 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 349 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 350 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 350 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 350 3 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 350 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 350 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 350 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 3 Want want NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 4 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 5 Definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 7 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 10 Free Free NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 11 Merriam Merriam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 13 Webster Webster NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 14 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 351 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 352 1 M-w.com m-w.com ADD en-wikipedia-org-5478 352 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 353 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 353 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 353 3 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 353 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 353 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 353 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 354 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 354 2 Vaux Vaux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 354 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 354 4 Bert Bert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 354 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 354 6 Scott Scott NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 354 7 Golder Golder NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 354 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 354 9 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 354 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 354 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 2 How how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 3 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 4 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 5 pronounce pronounce VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 6 Mary Mary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 7 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 8 merry merry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 9 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 10 marry marry NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 11 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 355 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 356 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 356 2 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 356 3 Dialect Dialect NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 356 4 Survey Survey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 356 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 357 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 357 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 357 3 MA MA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 357 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 357 5 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 357 6 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 357 7 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 357 8 Department Department NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 357 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 2 Kortmann Kortmann NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 4 Schneider Schneider NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 6 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 9 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 11 295 295 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 13 sfnp sfnp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 14 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 16 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 17 target target NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 19 CITEREFKortmannSchneider2004 CITEREFKortmannSchneider2004 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 21 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 23 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 24 Vaux Vaux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 26 Bert Bert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 28 Scott Scott NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 29 Golder Golder NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 31 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 358 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 2 flourish flourish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 3 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 4 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 5 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 6 07 07 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 8 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 11 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 12 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 359 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 360 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 360 2 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 360 3 Dialect Dialect NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 360 4 Survey Survey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 360 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 361 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 361 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 361 3 MA MA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 361 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 361 5 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 361 6 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 361 7 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 361 8 Department Department NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 361 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 362 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 362 2 Vaux Vaux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 362 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 362 4 Bert Bert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 362 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 362 6 Scott Scott NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 362 7 Golder Golder NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 362 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 362 9 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 362 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 362 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 363 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 363 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 363 3 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 363 4 vowel vowel NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 363 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 363 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 363 7 miracle miracle NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 363 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 363 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 363 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 364 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 364 2 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 364 3 Dialect Dialect NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 364 4 Survey Survey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 364 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 365 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 365 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 365 3 MA MA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 365 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 365 5 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 365 6 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 365 7 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 365 8 Department Department NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 365 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 2 Wells Wells NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 4 1982:481–482 1982:481–482 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 6 ^ ^ : en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 7 Wells Wells NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 9 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 12 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 13   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 14 247 247 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 366 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 367 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 367 2 Vaux Vaux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 367 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 367 4 Bert Bert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 367 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 367 6 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 367 7 _ _ XX en-wikipedia-org-5478 367 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 368 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 368 2 Flapping flap VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 368 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 368 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 368 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 368 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 369 1 Linguistic Linguistic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 369 2 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 369 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 369 4 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 369 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 369 6 Chicago Chicago NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 369 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 369 8 IL IL NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 369 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 370 1 p p NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 370 2 .6 .6 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 370 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 2 Grzegorz Grzegorz NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 3 Dogil Dogil NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 4 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 5 Susanne Susanne NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 6 Maria Maria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 7 Reiterer Reiterer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 9 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 10 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 11 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 13 eds eds XX en-wikipedia-org-5478 371 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 372 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 372 2 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 372 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 372 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 373 1 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 373 2 Talent Talent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 373 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 373 4 Brain Brain NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 373 5 Activity Activity NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 373 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 373 7 Trends trend NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 373 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 373 9 Applied Applied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 373 10 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 373 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 374 1 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 374 2 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 374 3 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 374 4 GmbH. GmbH. . en-wikipedia-org-5478 375 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 375 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 375 3 299 299 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 375 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 5 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 7 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 9 021549 021549 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 11 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 376 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 2 Grzegorz Grzegorz NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 3 Dogil Dogil NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 4 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 5 Susanne Susanne NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 6 Maria Maria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 7 Reiterer Reiterer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 9 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 10 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 11 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 13 eds eds XX en-wikipedia-org-5478 377 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 378 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 378 2 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 378 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 378 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 2 General+American"+"velarized"&pg General+American"+"velarized"&pg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 3 = = SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 4 PA299 PA299 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 5 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 6 Talent Talent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 8 Brain Brain NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 9 Activity Activity NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 11 Trends trend NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 13 Applied Applied NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 14 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 379 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 380 1 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 380 2 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 380 3 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 380 4 GmbH. GmbH. . en-wikipedia-org-5478 381 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 381 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 381 3 299 299 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 381 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 382 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 382 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 382 3 9783110215496 9783110215496 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 382 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 2 Wells Wells NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 4 1982:490 1982:490 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 6 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 7 Jones Jones NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 9 Roach Roach NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 10 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 11 Hartman Hartman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 13 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 16 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 17   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 18 xi xi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 383 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 1 sfnp sfnp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 2 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 4 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 5 target target NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 7 CITEREFJonesRoachHartman2006 citerefjonesroachhartman2006 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 9 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 11 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 12 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 13 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 15 Varieties Varieties NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 17 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 19 Bernd Bernd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 20 Kortmann Kortmann NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 21 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 22 Edgar Edgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 23 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 24 Schneider Schneider NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 26 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 27 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 28 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 30 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 32 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 33 319 319 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 384 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 385 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 385 2 Wells Wells NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 385 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 385 4 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 385 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 385 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 385 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 385 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 385 9 xxi xxi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 385 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 1 sfnp sfnp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 2 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 4 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 5 target target NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 7 CITEREFWells2008 CITEREFWells2008 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 9 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 11 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 12 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 14 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 15 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 16 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 18 2006:114 2006:114 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 22 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 23 Canadian canadian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 24 raising raising NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 25 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 26 traditionally traditionally RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 27 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 28 reported report VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 29 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 30 Canada Canada NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 32 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 33 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 34 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 36 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 40 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 41 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 42 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 43 Freuhwald Freuhwald NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 45 Josef Josef NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 46 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 47 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 48 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 49 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 51 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 386 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 3 Spread spread NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 5 Raising raising NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 7 Opacity opacity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 9 lexicalization lexicalization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 12 diffusion diffusion NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 387 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 388 1 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 388 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 388 3 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 388 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 389 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 389 2 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 389 3 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 389 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 389 5 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 389 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 4 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 6 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 8 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 11 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 12   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 13 182 182 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 390 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 5 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 7 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 8 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 9 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 11 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 14 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 391 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 392 1 173–4 173–4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 392 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 4 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 6 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 8 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 11 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 393 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 394 1 260–1 260–1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 394 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 4 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 6 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 8 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 11 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 395 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 396 1 238–9 238–9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 396 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 6 Duncan Duncan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 8 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 11 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 397 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 398 1 1–2 1–2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 398 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 4 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 6 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 8 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 11 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 12   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 13 238 238 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 399 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 4 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 6 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 8 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 10 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 13 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 400 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 401 1 178 178 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 401 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 401 3 180 180 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 401 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 4 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 6 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 9 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 11 145 145 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 402 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 4 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 6 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 8 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 11 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 403 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 404 1 175–7 175–7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 404 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 4 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 6 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 8 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 10 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 13 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 14   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 15 183 183 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 405 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 406 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 406 2 Baker Baker NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 406 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 406 4 Mielke Mielke NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 406 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 406 6 Archangeli Archangeli NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 406 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 406 8 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 406 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 406 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 4 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 6 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 8 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 11 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 407 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 408 1 181–2 181–2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 408 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 4 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 6 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 8 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 10 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 13 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 409 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 410 1 82 82 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 410 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 410 3 123 123 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 410 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 410 5 177 177 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 410 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 410 7 179 179 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 410 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 411 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 411 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 411 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 411 4 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 411 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 411 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 411 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 411 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 411 9 359 359 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 411 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 412 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 412 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 412 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 412 4 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 412 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 412 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 412 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 412 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 412 9 373 373 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 412 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 4 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 6 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 7 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 8 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 10 2006:52 2006:52 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 12 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 14 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 15 Skeat Skeat NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 17 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 18 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 20 1892 1892 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 413 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 1 Principles principle NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 3 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 4 etymology etymology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 7 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 8 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 9 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 10 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 11 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 12 Skeat Skeat NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 414 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 415 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 415 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 415 3 Clarendon Clarendon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 415 4 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 415 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 416 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 416 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 416 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 416 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 417 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 417 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 417 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 417 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 417 5 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 417 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 417 7 moose moose NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 417 8 etymology etymology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 417 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 418 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 418 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 418 3 You -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 418 4 Already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 418 5 Know know VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 418 6 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 418 7 German german JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 418 8 Words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 418 9 ! ! . en-wikipedia-org-5478 418 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 418 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 419 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 419 2 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 419 3 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 419 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 419 5 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 419 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 420 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 420 2 Montano Montano NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 420 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 420 4 Mario Mario NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 420 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 420 6 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 420 7 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 420 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 420 9 1992 1992 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 420 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 420 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 4 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 6 Mexican mexican JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 7 folk folk NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 8 foodways foodway NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 10 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 11 Texas Texas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 13 Street street NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 14 vendors vendor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 16 o o NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 19 Mario Mario NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 20 Montano Montano NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 421 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 422 1 Repository.upenn.edu Repository.upenn.edu NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 422 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 422 3 1–421 1–421 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 422 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 423 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 423 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 423 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 423 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 423 5 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 423 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 1 Cite Cite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 2 journal journal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 3 requires require VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 4 |journal= |journal= NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 6 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 8 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 9 Gorrell Gorrell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 11 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 12 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 14 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 424 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 425 1 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-5478 425 2 's be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 425 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 425 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 425 5 Word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 425 6 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 1 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 2 Etymological etymological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 3 Gossip Gossip NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 4 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 5 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 6 Interesting interesting JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 7 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 8 Words Words NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 9 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 10 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 11 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 12 Gorrell Gorrell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 426 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 427 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 427 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 427 3 9780874173673 9780874173673 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 427 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 428 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 428 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 428 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 428 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 428 5 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 428 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 429 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 429 2 Bailey Bailey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 429 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 429 4 Vernon Vernon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 429 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 429 6 1895 1895 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 429 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 429 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 430 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 430 2 Pocket Pocket NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 430 3 Gophers Gophers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 430 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 430 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 430 6 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 430 7 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 430 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 431 1 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 431 2 Department Department NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 431 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 431 4 Agriculture Agriculture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 431 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 431 6 Division Division NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 431 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 431 8 Ornithology Ornithology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 431 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 431 10 Mammalogy Mammalogy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 431 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 432 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 432 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 432 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 432 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 432 5 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 432 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 2 Mencken Mencken NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 4 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 5 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 7 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 8 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 10 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 433 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 2 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 3 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 5 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 6 Preliminary Preliminary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 7 Inquiry Inquiry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 8 Into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 10 Development Development NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 12 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 13 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 14 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 15 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 16 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 17 Mencken Mencken NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 434 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 435 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 435 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 435 3 9781616402594 9781616402594 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 435 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 436 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 436 2 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 436 3 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 436 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 436 5 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 436 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 3 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 5 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 7 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 8 chiefly chiefly RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 9 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 12 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 13 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 14 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 15 productive productive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 17 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 19 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 22 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 24 jump jump NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 28 drive drive VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 29 past past IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 31 traffic traffic NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 32 signal signal NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 34 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 35 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 36 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 37 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 38 building build VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 39 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 42 center center NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 44 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 45 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 46 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 47 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 48 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 49 town town NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 50 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 51 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 52 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 53 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 54 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 55 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 56 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 57 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 58 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 59 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 60 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 61 cf cf NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 437 62 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 438 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 438 2 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 438 3 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 438 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 438 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 439 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 439 2 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 439 3 Ball Ball NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 439 4 Carr Carr NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 439 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 439 6 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 439 7 1954 1954 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 439 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 439 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 440 1 Trends trend NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 440 2 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 440 3 Word Word NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 440 4 Compounding Compounding NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 440 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 440 6 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 440 7 Speech Speech NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 440 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 440 9 Thesis Thesis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 440 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 440 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 441 1 Louisiana Louisiana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 441 2 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 441 3 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 441 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 4 Maven Maven NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 5 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 6 Word Word NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 9 Day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 11 gesundheit gesundheit NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 442 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 443 1 Random Random NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 443 2 House House NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 443 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 444 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 444 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 444 3 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 444 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 444 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 444 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 2 Trudgill Trudgill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 4 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 6 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 8 Definition Definition NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 10 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 11 noun noun NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 14 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 15 Advanced Advanced NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 16 Learner Learner NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 17 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 18 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 445 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 446 1 Oup.com Oup.com NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 446 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 447 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 447 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 447 3 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 447 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 447 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 447 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 3 Definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 5 sure sure JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 6 adjective adjective NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 9 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 10 Advanced Advanced NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 11 Learner Learner NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 12 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 13 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 448 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 449 1 Oup.com Oup.com NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 449 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 450 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 450 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 450 3 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 450 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 450 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 450 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 4 Trudgill Trudgill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 6 2004:69 2004:69 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 8 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 10 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 11 Word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 12   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 13 » » VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 14 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 15 vs. vs. FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 16 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 17 Smackdown Smackdown NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 19 Station Station NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 20 wagon wagon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 21 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 22 estate estate NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 23 car car NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 451 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 452 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 452 2 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 452 3 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 452 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 452 5 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 452 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 2 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 3 author author NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 4 George George NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 5 Orwell Orwell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 8 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 9 People People NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 11 1947 1947 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 13 cited cite VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 15 OED OED NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 16 s.v s.v NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 453 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 1 lose lose VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 3 criticized criticize VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 5 alleged allege VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 7 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 8 tendency tendency NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 12 burden burden NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 13 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 14 verb verb NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 17 preposition preposition NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 18 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 19 adds add VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 20 nothing nothing NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 22 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 23 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 25 win win VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 26 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 28 lose lose VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 29 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 31 face face VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 32 up up IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 35 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 454 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 455 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 455 2 Harper Harper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 455 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 455 4 Douglas Douglas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 455 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 456 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 456 2 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 456 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 456 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 457 1 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 457 2 Etymology Etymology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 457 3 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 457 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 3 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 5 Varieties Varieties NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 7 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 9 Bernd Bernd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 10 Kortmann Kortmann NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 11 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 12 Edgar Edgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 13 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 14 Schneider Schneider NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 16 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 17 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 18 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 20 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 22 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 23 115 115 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 458 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 459 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 459 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 459 3 angry angry JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 459 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 459 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 460 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 460 2 Advanced Advanced NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 460 3 Learner Learner NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 460 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 460 5 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 460 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 461 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 461 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 461 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 461 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 461 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 461 6 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 461 7 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 461 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 461 9 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 461 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 462 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 462 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 462 3 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 462 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 462 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 462 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 463 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 463 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 463 3 intelligent intelligent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 463 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 463 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 464 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 464 2 Advanced Advanced NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 464 3 Learner Learner NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 464 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 464 5 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 464 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 465 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 465 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 465 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 465 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 465 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 465 6 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 465 7 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 465 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 465 9 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 465 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 466 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 466 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 466 3 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 466 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 466 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 466 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 3 Definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 5 ill ill JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 6 adjective adjective NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 9 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 10 Advanced Advanced NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 11 Learner Learner NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 12 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 13 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 467 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 468 1 Oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com Oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 468 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 469 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 469 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 469 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 469 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 469 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 469 6 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 469 7 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 469 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 469 9 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 469 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 470 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 470 2 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 470 3 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 470 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 470 5 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 470 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 471 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 471 2 Vaux Vaux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 471 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 471 4 Bert Bert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 471 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 471 6 Scott Scott NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 471 7 Golder Golder NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 471 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 472 1 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 472 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 2 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 3 Dialect Dialect NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 4 Survey Survey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 5 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 6 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 8 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 9 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 10 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 13 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 14 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 473 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 474 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 474 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 474 3 MA MA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 474 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 474 5 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 474 6 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 474 7 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 474 8 Department Department NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 474 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 475 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 475 2 Katz Katz NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 475 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 475 4 Joshua Joshua NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 475 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 475 6 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 475 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 475 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 476 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 476 2 Beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 476 3 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 476 4 Soda Soda NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 476 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 476 6 Pop Pop NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 476 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 476 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 476 9 Coke Coke NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 476 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 476 11 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 477 1 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 477 2 Carolina Carolina NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 477 3 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 477 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 477 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 478 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 478 2 Algeo Algeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 478 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 478 4 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 478 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 478 6 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 478 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 478 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 479 1 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 479 2 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 479 3 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 479 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 479 5 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5478 479 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 480 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 480 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 480 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 480 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 480 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 480 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 481 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 481 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 481 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 481 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 481 5 521 521 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 481 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 481 7 37993 37993 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 481 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 481 9 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 481 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 482 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 482 2 Algeo Algeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 482 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 482 4 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 482 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 3 Effects effect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 6 Revolution Revolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 8 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 12 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 13 Companion Companion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 16 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 17 Revolution Revolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 483 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 1 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 2 Wiley Wiley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 4 Sons Sons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 6 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 8 p.599 p.599 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 9 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 10 Peters Peters NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 12 Pam Pam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 14 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 484 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 485 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 485 2 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 485 3 Guide Guide NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 485 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 485 5 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 485 6 Usage Usage NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 485 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 486 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 486 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 486 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 486 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 486 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 486 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 487 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 487 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 487 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 487 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 487 5 521 521 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 487 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 487 7 62181-X 62181-x CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 487 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 487 9 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 487 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 488 1 34 34 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 488 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 488 3 511 511 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 488 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 489 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 489 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 489 3 Punctuating punctuate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 489 4 Around around RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 489 5 Quotation Quotation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 489 6 Marks mark NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 489 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 489 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 489 9 blog blog NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 489 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 489 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 490 1 Style Style NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 490 2 Guide Guide NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 490 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 490 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 490 5 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 490 6 Psychological Psychological NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 490 7 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 490 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 491 1 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 491 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 492 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 492 2 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 492 3 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 492 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 492 5 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 492 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 493 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 493 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 493 3 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 493 4 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 493 5 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 493 6 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 493 7 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 493 8 Vocabulary Vocabulary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 493 9 Differences Differences NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 493 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 493 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 494 1 www.studyenglishtoday.net www.studyenglishtoday.net NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 494 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 495 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 495 2 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 495 3 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 495 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 495 5 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 495 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 4 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 6 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 8 2006:148 2006:148 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 10 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 12 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 13 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 15 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 17 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 19 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 20 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 22 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 23 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 24 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 26 2006:190 2006:190 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 28 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 29 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 31 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 32 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 33 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 35 2006:230 2006:230 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 37 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 38 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 40 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 41 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 42 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 43 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 44 2006:111 2006:111 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 46 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 47 Vorhees Vorhees NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 49 Mara Mara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 50 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 51 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 496 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 497 1 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 497 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 498 1 Con Con NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 498 2 Pianta Pianta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 498 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 499 1 Ediz Ediz NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 499 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 500 1 Inglese Inglese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 500 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 501 1 Lonely Lonely NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 501 2 Planet Planet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 501 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 502 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 502 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 502 3 52 52 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 502 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 7 74179 74179 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 9 178 178 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 11 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 503 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 504 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 504 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 504 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 504 4 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 504 5 48 48 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 504 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 4 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 6 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 8 2006:60 2006:60 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 10 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 12 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 13 phonemic phonemic NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 15 phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 16 arrangement arrangement NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 19 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 20 back back NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 21 vowels vowel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 22 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 23 Rhode Rhode NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 24 Island Island NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 25 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 26 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 28 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 29 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 30 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 31 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 34 rest rest NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 36 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 37 England" england" NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 39 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 41 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 42 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 43 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 45 2006:226 2006:226 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 46 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 47 harvcoltxt harvcoltxt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 48 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 49 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 50 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 51 target target NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 52 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 53 CITEREFLabovAshAsh2006 CITEREFLabovAshAsh2006 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 54 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 55 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 56 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 57 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 58 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 59 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 60 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 61 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 62 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 63 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 64 2006:173 2006:173 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 65 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 66 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 67 Trudgill Trudgill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 68 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 69 2004:46–47 2004:46–47 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 70 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 71 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 72 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 74 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 75 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 76 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 77 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 78 2006:5 2006:5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 79 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 80 47 47 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 81 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 82 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 83 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 84 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 85 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 86 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 87 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 88 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 89 2006:137 2006:137 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 90 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 91 141 141 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 92 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 93 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 94 Hayes Hayes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 95 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 96 Dean Dean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 97 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 98 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 99 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 505 100 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 3 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 4 Accent Accent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 6 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 7 Bad Bad NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 8 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 9 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 11 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 12 Comparative Comparative NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 13 Perceptual Perceptual NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 14 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 17 Conceptual Conceptual NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 18 Network Network NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 19 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 20 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 21 Linguistic Linguistic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 22 Features Features NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 24 Identity Identity NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 25 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 506 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 507 1 UNM UNM NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 507 2 Digital Digital NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 507 3 Repository Repository NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 507 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 507 5 Electronic Electronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 507 6 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 507 7 s s NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 507 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 507 9 Dissertations dissertation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 507 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 508 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 508 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 509 1 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 509 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 509 3 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 509 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 2 Gordon Gordon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 4 Matthew Matthew NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 5 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 7 Schneider Schneider NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 9 Edgar Edgar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 10 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 12 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 510 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 2 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 3 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 5 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 8 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 9 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 10 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 12 Phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 511 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 512 1 Varieties Varieties NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 512 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 512 3 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 512 4 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 512 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 512 6 67 67 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 512 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 512 8 86 86 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 512 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 513 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 513 2 Hartley Hartley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 513 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 513 4 Laura Laura NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 513 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 513 6 1999 1999 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 513 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 513 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 2 View view NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 3 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 5 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 7 Perceptions perception NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 9 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 10 Dialects Dialects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 13 Point Point NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 15 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 17 Oregon Oregon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 514 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 1 Faculty Faculty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 2 Publications Publications NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 4 Department Department NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 6 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 7 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 9 Sociology Sociology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 10 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 11 Cultural Cultural NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 12 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 515 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 516 1 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 516 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 2 Yannuar Yannuar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 4 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 6 Azimova Azimova NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 8 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 10 Nguyen Nguyen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 12 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 14 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 517 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 2 Perceptual perceptual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 3 Dialectology dialectology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 5 Northerners northerner NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 7 Southerners Southerners NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 8 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 9 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 11 Different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 12 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 13 Dialects Dialects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 518 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 519 1 k@ k@ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 519 2 ta ta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 519 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 519 4 16(1 16(1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 519 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 519 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 519 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 519 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 520 1 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 520 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 520 3 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 520 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 520 5 Hayes Hayes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 520 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 520 7 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 520 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 520 9 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 520 10 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 520 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 2 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 4 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 5 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 6 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 8 2006:125 2006:125 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 10 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 11 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 13 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 14 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 15 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 17 2006:101 2006:101 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 19 103 103 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 21 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 22 Cf Cf NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 521 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 522 1 Trudgill Trudgill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 522 2 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 522 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 522 4 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 522 5   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 522 6 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 522 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 523 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 523 2 Dayag Dayag NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 523 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 523 4 Danilo Danilo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 523 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 523 6 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 523 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 523 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 524 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 524 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 524 3 English‐language english‐language JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 524 4 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 524 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 524 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 524 7 Philippines Philippines NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 524 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 524 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 525 1 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 525 2 Englishes Englishes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 525 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 526 1 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 526 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 526 3 33–45 33–45 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 526 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 527 1 doi:10.1111 doi:10.1111 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 527 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 527 3 J.1467 J.1467 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 527 4 - - : en-wikipedia-org-5478 527 5 971X.2004.00333.X. 971x.2004.00333.x. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 528 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 528 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 528 3 145589555 145589555 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 528 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 2 Cobarrubias Cobarrubias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 3 1983 1983 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 5 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 6   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 7 195 195 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 9 sfn sfn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 10 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 12 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 13 target target NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 15 CITEREFCobarrubias1983 CITEREFCobarrubias1983 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 17 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 19 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 20 García García NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 21 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 23 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 24   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 25 167 167 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 27 sfn sfn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 28 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 29 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 30 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 31 target target NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 32 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 33 CITEREFGarcía2011 CITEREFGarcía2011 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 35 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 37 Bibliography[edit Bibliography[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 38 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 39 Baker Baker NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 41 Adam Adam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 42 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 43 Mielke Mielke NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 45 Jeff Jeff NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 46 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 47 Archangeli Archangeli NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 49 Diana Diana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 50 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 51 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 529 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 2 More more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 3 velar velar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 4 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 5 /g/ /g/ . en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 7 Consonant Consonant NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 8 Coarticulation Coarticulation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 11 Cause cause NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 13 Diphthongization diphthongization NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 16 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 530 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 531 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 531 2 Chang Chang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 531 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 531 4 Charles Charles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 531 5 B. B. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 531 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 531 7 Haynie Haynie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 531 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 531 9 Hannah Hannah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 531 10 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 532 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 532 2 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 532 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 532 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 532 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 533 1 Proceedings proceeding NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 533 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 533 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 533 4 26th 26th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 533 5 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 533 6 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 533 7 Conference Conference NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 533 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 533 9 Formal Formal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 533 10 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 533 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 534 1 Somerville Somerville NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 534 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 534 3 Massachusetts Massachusetts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 534 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 534 5 Cascadilla Cascadilla NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 534 6 Proceedings Proceedings NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 534 7 Project Project NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 534 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 535 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 535 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 536 1 60–68 60–68 LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 536 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 7 57473 57473 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 9 423 423 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 11 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 537 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 538 1 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 538 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 538 3 Charles Charles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 538 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 538 5 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 538 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 538 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 539 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 539 2 Regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 539 3 phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 539 4 differentiation differentiation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 539 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 539 6 Standard standard JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 539 7 Canadian canadian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 539 8 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 539 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 539 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 540 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 540 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 540 3 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 540 4 Linguistics Linguistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 540 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 541 1 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 541 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 541 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 541 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 541 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 541 6 129–154 129–154 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 541 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 542 1 doi:10.1177/0075424208316648 doi:10.1177/0075424208316648 UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 542 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 543 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 543 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 543 3 146478485 146478485 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 543 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 1 Boyce Boyce NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 3 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 4 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 5 Espy Espy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 7 Wilson Wilson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 9 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 11 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 544 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 2 Coarticulatory coarticulatory JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 3 stability stability NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 5 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 6 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 7 /r/ /r/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 10 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 545 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 546 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 546 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 546 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 546 4 Acoustical Acoustical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 546 5 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 546 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 546 7 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 546 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 547 1 101 101 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 547 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 547 3 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 547 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 547 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 547 6 3741–3753 3741–3753 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 547 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 548 1 Bibcode:1997ASAJ bibcode:1997asaj UH en-wikipedia-org-5478 548 2 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 548 3 101.3741B. 101.3741b. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 549 1 CiteSeerX CiteSeerX NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 549 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 549 3 10.1.1.16.4174 10.1.1.16.4174 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 549 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 549 5 doi:10.1121/1.418333 doi:10.1121/1.418333 ADD en-wikipedia-org-5478 549 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 550 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 550 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 550 3 9193061 9193061 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 550 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 1 Collins Collins NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 3 Beverley Beverley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 4 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 5 Mees Mees NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 7 Inger Inger NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 8 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 10 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 551 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 2 Phonetics Phonetics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 4 Dutch Dutch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 6 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 8 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 10 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 552 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 553 1 Leiden Leiden NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 553 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 553 3 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 553 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 553 5 Brill Brill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 553 6 Publishers Publishers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 553 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 554 1 Delattre Delattre NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 554 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 554 3 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 554 4 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 554 5 Freeman Freeman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 554 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 554 7 D.C. D.C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 554 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 554 9 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 554 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 554 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 3 dialect dialect JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 4 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 6 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 7 R R NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 8 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 10 x x NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 11 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 12 ray ray NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 13 motion motion NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 14 picture picture NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 555 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 556 1 Linguistics linguistic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 556 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 557 1 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 557 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 557 3 29–68 29–68 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 557 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 558 1 Duncan Duncan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 558 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 558 3 Daniel Daniel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 558 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 558 5 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 558 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 558 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 2 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 3 Tense Tense NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 4 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 5 /æ/ /æ/ : en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 7 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 8 lax lax JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 10 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 11 phonotactics phonotactic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 12 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 15 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 559 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 2 Hansson Hansson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 4 Gunnar Gunnar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 5 Ólafur Ólafur NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 7 Farris Farris NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 9 Trimble Trimble NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 11 Ashley Ashley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 12 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 13 McMullin McMullin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 15 Kevin Kevin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 17 Pulleyblank Pulleyblank NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 19 Douglas Douglas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 21 eds eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 560 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 561 1 Supplemental Supplemental NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 561 2 Proceedings Proceedings NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 561 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 561 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 561 5 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 561 6 Annual Annual NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 561 7 Meeting Meeting NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 561 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 561 9 Phonology phonology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 561 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 562 1 Proceedings proceeding NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 562 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 562 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 562 4 Annual Annual NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 562 5 Meetings Meetings NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 562 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 562 7 Phonology Phonology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 562 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 563 1 3 3 LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 563 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 564 1 Washington Washington NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 564 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 564 3 D.C. D.C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 564 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 564 5 Linguistic Linguistic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 564 6 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 564 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 564 8 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 564 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 565 1 doi:10.3765 doi:10.3765 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 565 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 565 3 amp.v3i0.3653 amp.v3i0.3653 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 565 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 1 Hallé Hallé NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 3 Pierre Pierre NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 4 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 6 Best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 8 Catherine Catherine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 9 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 11 Levitt Levitt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 13 Andrea Andrea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 15 1999 1999 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 566 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 2 Phonetic phonetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 3 vs. vs. IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 4 phonological phonological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 5 influences influence NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 7 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 8 listeners listener NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 9 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 10 perception perception NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 12 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 13 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 14 approximants approximant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 567 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 568 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 568 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 568 3 Phonetics Phonetics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 568 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 569 1 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 569 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 569 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 569 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 569 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 569 6 281–306 281–306 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 569 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 570 1 doi:10.1006 doi:10.1006 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 570 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 570 3 jpho.1999.0097 jpho.1999.0097 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 570 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 571 1 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 571 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 571 3 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 571 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 571 5 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 571 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 571 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 1 Dialect dialect JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 2 diversity diversity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 4 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 7 politics politic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 9 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 10 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 11 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 572 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 573 1 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 573 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 573 3 Virginia Virginia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 573 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 574 1 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 574 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 574 3 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 574 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 574 5 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 574 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 574 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 575 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 575 2 Transmission Transmission NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 575 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 575 4 Diffusion diffusion NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 575 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 575 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 575 7 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 575 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 575 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 576 1 Language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 576 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 577 1 83 83 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 577 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 577 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 577 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 577 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 577 6 344–387 344–387 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 577 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 578 1 CiteSeerX CiteSeerX NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 578 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 578 3 10.1.1.705.7860 10.1.1.705.7860 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 578 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 578 5 doi:10.1353 doi:10.1353 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 578 6 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 578 7 lan.2007.0082 lan.2007.0082 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 578 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 579 1 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 579 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 579 3 40070845 40070845 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 579 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 580 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 580 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 580 3 6255506 6255506 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 580 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 1 Labov Labov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 3 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 4 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 5 Ash Ash NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 7 Sharon Sharon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 9 Boberg Boberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 11 Charles Charles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 13 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 581 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 582 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 582 2 Atlas Atlas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 582 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 582 4 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 582 5 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 582 6 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 582 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 583 1 Berlin Berlin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 583 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 583 3 Mouton Mouton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 583 4 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 583 5 Gruyter Gruyter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 583 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 5 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 7 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 9 016746 016746 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 11 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 584 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 585 1 Longmore Longmore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 585 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 585 3 Paul Paul NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 585 4 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 585 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 585 6 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 585 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 585 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 2 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 3 Good Good NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 5 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 6 Idiom Idiom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 8 Tone Tone NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 9 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 12 Colonial Colonial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 13 Origins Origins NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 15 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 16 Speech Speech NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 586 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 587 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 587 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 587 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 587 4 Interdisciplinary Interdisciplinary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 587 5 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 587 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 588 1 MIT MIT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 588 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 589 1 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 589 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 589 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 589 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 589 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 589 6 513–542 513–542 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 589 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 590 1 doi:10.1162 doi:10.1162 VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 590 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 590 3 jinh.2007.37.4.513 jinh.2007.37.4.513 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 590 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 591 1 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 591 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 591 3 4139476 4139476 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 591 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 592 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 592 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 592 3 143910740 143910740 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 592 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 593 1 Trudgill Trudgill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 593 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 593 3 Peter Peter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 593 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 593 5 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 593 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 593 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 594 1 New new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 594 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 594 3 Dialect dialect NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 594 4 Formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 594 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 594 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 594 7 Inevitability Inevitability NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 594 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 594 9 Colonial Colonial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 594 10 Englishes Englishes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 594 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 595 1 Wells Wells NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 595 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 595 3 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 595 4 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 595 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 595 6 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 595 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 595 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 596 1 Accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 596 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 596 3 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 596 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 597 1 Volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 597 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 597 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 597 4 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 597 5 Introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 597 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 597 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 597 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 1 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 2 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 3 xx xx NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 5 1–278 1–278 JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 8 Volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 9 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 12 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 13 Isles Isles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 15 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 598 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 1 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 2 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 3 xx xx NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 5 279–466 279–466 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 8 Volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 9 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 11 Beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 13 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 14 Isles Isles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 16 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 599 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 600 1 i i PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 600 2 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 600 3 xx xx NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 600 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 600 5 467–674 467–674 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 600 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 600 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 601 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 601 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 601 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 601 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 5 52129719 52129719 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 7 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 10 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 12 52128540 52128540 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 14 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 15   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 17 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 19 52128541 52128541 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 21 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 22   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 602 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 603 1 Zawadzki Zawadzki NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 603 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 603 3 P.A. P.A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 604 1 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5478 604 2 Kuehn Kuehn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 604 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 604 4 D.P. D.P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 605 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 605 2 1980 1980 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 605 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 605 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 3 cineradiographic cineradiographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 4 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 6 static static JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 8 dynamic dynamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 9 aspects aspect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 11 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 12 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 13 /r/ /r/ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 606 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 607 1 Phonetica Phonetica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 607 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 608 1 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 608 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 608 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 608 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 608 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 608 6 253–266 253–266 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 608 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 609 1 doi:10.1159/000259995 doi:10.1159/000259995 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 609 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 610 1 PMID PMID NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 610 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 610 3 7443796 7443796 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 610 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 611 1 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 611 2 reading[edit reading[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 611 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 611 4 Bailey Bailey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 611 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 611 6 Richard Richard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 611 7 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 611 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 611 9 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 611 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 611 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 1 Speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 2 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 5 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 7 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 10 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 11 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 12 20th–21st 20th–21st JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 14 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 15 usage usage NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 17 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 18 cities city NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 19 Bartlett Bartlett NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 21 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 22 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 24 1848 1848 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 612 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 1 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 3 Americanisms Americanisms NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 5 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 6 Glossary Glossary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 8 Words Words NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 10 Phrases Phrases NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 11 Usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 12 Regarded regard VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 13 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 14 Peculiar Peculiar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 17 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 18 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 613 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 614 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 614 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 614 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 614 4 Bartlett Bartlett NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 614 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 614 6 Welford Welford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 614 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 615 1 Garner Garner NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 615 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 615 3 Bryan Bryan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 615 4 A. a. NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 616 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 616 2 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 616 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 616 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 617 1 Garner Garner NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 617 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 617 3 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 617 4 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 617 5 Usage Usage NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 617 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 618 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 618 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 618 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 618 4 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 618 5 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 618 6 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 618 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 619 1 Mencken Mencken NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 619 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 619 3 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 619 4 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 619 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 619 6 1977 1977 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 619 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 619 8 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 619 9 1921 1921 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 619 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 619 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 2 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 3 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 5 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 6 Inquiry inquiry NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 7 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 9 Development Development NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 11 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 14 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 15 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 17 4th 4th NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 18   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 19 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 620 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 621 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 621 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 621 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 621 4 Knopf Knopf NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 621 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 1 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 3 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 4 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 5 Bailey Bailey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 7 Richard Richard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 8 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 10 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 622 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 623 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 623 2 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 623 3 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 623 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 623 5 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5478 623 6 origins origin NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 623 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 623 8 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 623 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 623 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 624 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 624 2 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 624 3 Finegan Finegan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 624 4 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 624 5 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 624 6 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 624 7 Rickford Rickford NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 624 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 624 9 Eds Eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 624 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 3 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 6 USA USA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 8 Themes theme NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 11 twenty twenty CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 13 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 14 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 16 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 625 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 626 1 3–17 3–17 LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 626 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 626 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 627 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 627 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 627 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 627 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 627 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 627 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 628 1 Finegan Finegan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 628 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 628 3 Edward Edward NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 628 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 629 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 629 2 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 629 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 629 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 630 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 630 2 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 630 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 630 4 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 630 5 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 630 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 630 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 631 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 631 2 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 631 3 Hogg Hogg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 631 4 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 631 5 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 631 6 Denison Denison NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 631 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 631 8 Eds Eds NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 631 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 632 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 632 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 632 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 632 4 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 632 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 632 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 632 7 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 632 8 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 632 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 632 10 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 632 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 633 1 384–419 384–419 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 633 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 633 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 634 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 634 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 634 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 634 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 634 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 634 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 1 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 2 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 4 Look look VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 5 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 6 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 7 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 9 Wiktionary Wiktionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 12 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 13 dictionary dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 635 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 1 Wikisource Wikisource NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 4 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 7 1905 1905 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 8 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 9 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 10 Encyclopedia Encyclopedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 11 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 13 Americanisms americanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5478 636 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 1 Wikiversity wikiversity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 3 learning learn VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 4 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 5 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 6 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 7 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 8 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 9 You -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 10 Speak speak VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 11 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 13 PBS PBS NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 14 special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 15 Dialect Dialect NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 16 Survey Survey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 19 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 20 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 22 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 23 Bert Bert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 24 Vaux Vaux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 25 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 26 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 27 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 29 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 30 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 637 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 1 Linguistic Linguistic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 2 Atlas Atlas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 3 Projects project VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 4 Phonological Phonological NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 5 Atlas Atlas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 7 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 8 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 11 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 13 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 14 Speech Speech NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 15 Accent Accent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 16 Archive Archive NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 17 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 19 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 20 Regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 21 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 22 Dialect Dialect NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 23 maps map NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 24 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 25 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 26 pronunciation pronunciation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 27 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 28 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 30 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 31 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 32 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 33 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 34 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 35 Languages Languages NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 38 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 39 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 40 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 42 italics italic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 43 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 44 extinct extinct JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 638 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 2 Dialects Dialects NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 4 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 5 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 6 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 8 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 9 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 10 Vernacular Vernacular NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 11 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 12 Indian indian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 13 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 14 Appalachian Appalachian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 15 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 16 Baltimore Baltimore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 17 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 18 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 19 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 20 Cajun Cajun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 21 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 22 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 23 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 24 Chicano Chicano NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 25 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 26 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 27 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 28 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 29 High High NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 30 Tider Tider NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 31 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 32 Inland Inland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 33 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 34 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 35 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 36 Miami Miami NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 37 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 38 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 39 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 40 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 41 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 42 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 43 Delaware Delaware NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 44 Valley Valley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 45 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 46 Maine Maine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 47 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 48 Midland Midland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 49 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 50 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 51 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 52 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 53 Englishes Englishes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 54 Eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 55 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 56 New new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 57 Mexican Mexican NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 58 Englishes englishe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 59 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 60 Orleans Orleans NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 61 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 62 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 63 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 64 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 65 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 66 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 67 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 68 Latino Latino NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 69 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 70 Northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 71 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 72 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 73 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 74 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 75 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 76 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 77 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 78 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 79 Midwestern Midwestern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 80 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 81 Pacific Pacific NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 82 Northwest Northwest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 83 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 84 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 85 Dutch Dutch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 86 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 87 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 88 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 89 Puerto Puerto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 90 Rican Rican NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 91 Englishes englishe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 92 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 93 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 94 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 95 Older Older NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 96 Texan Texan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 97 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 98 Transatlantic Transatlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 99 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 100 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 101 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 102 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 103 Utah Utah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 104 Mormon Mormon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 105 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 106 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 107 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 108 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 109 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 110 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 111 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 112 Yeshiva Yeshiva NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 113 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 114 Oral Oral NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 115 Indigenous indigenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 116 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 117 Families Families NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 118 Algic Algic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 119 Abenaki Abenaki NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 120 Arapaho Arapaho NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 121 Blackfoot Blackfoot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 122 Cheyenne Cheyenne NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 123 Cree Cree NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 124 Fox Fox NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 125 Malecite Malecite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 126 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 127 Passamaquoddy Passamaquoddy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 128 Massachusett Massachusett NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 129 Menominee Menominee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 130 Mi'kmaq Mi'kmaq NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 131 Munsee Munsee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 132 Ojibwe Ojibwe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 133 Potawatomi Potawatomi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 134 Shawnee Shawnee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 135 Yurok Yurok NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 136 Etchemin Etchemin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 137 Gros Gros NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 138 Ventre Ventre NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 139 Loup Loup NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 140 Nawathinehena Nawathinehena NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 141 Mahican Mahican NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 142 Miami Miami NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 143 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 144 Illinois Illinois NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 145 Mohegan Mohegan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 146 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 147 Pequot Pequot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 148 Nanticoke Nanticoke NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 149 Narragansett Narragansett NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 150 Pamlico Pamlico NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 151 Powhatan Powhatan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 152 Quiripi Quiripi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 153 Unami Unami NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 154 Wiyot Wiyot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 155 Austronesian Austronesian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 156 Chamorro Chamorro NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 157 Hawaiian Hawaiian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 158 Refaluwasch Refaluwasch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 159 Samoan Samoan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 160 Tokelauan Tokelauan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 161 Caddoan Caddoan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 162 Arikara Arikara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 163 Caddo Caddo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 164 Wichita Wichita NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 165 Kitsai Kitsai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 166 Chinookan Chinookan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 167 Kathlamet Kathlamet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 168 Tsinúk Tsinúk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 169 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 170 Chinook Chinook NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 171 Chumashan Chumashan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 172 Barbareño Barbareño NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 173 Cruzeño Cruzeño NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 174 Obispeño Obispeño NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 175 Purisimeño Purisimeño NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 176 Ventureño Ventureño NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 177 Dené Dené NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 178 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 179 Yeniseian Yeniseian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 180 Ahtna Ahtna NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 181 Deg Deg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 182 Xinag Xinag NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 183 Dena'ina Dena'ina NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 184 Gwich’in gwich’in NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 185 Hän Hän NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 186 Hupa Hupa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 187 Jicarilla Jicarilla NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 188 Koyukon Koyukon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 189 Lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 190 Tanana Tanana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 191 Mescalero Mescalero NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 192 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 193 Chiricahua Chiricahua NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 194 Navajo Navajo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 195 Tanacross Tanacross NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 196 Tolowa Tolowa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 197 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 198 Kuskokwim Kuskokwim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 199 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 200 Tanana Tanana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 201 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 202 Apache Apache NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 203 Cahto Cahto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 204 Eyak Eyak NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 205 Holikachuk Holikachuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 206 Kwalhioqua Kwalhioqua NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 207 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 208 Clatskanie Clatskanie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 209 Lipan Lipan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 210 Mattole Mattole NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 211 Plains Plains NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 212 Apache Apache NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 213 Tsetsaut Tsetsaut NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 214 Tututni Tututni NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 215 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 216 Umpqua Umpqua NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 217 Wailaki Wailaki NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 218 Eskaleut Eskaleut NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 219 Inuit Inuit NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 220 Inupiat Inupiat NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 221 Aleut Aleut NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 222 Alutiiq Alutiiq NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 223 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 224 Alaskan Alaskan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 225 Yup'ik Yup'ik NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 226 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 227 Siberian Siberian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 228 Yupik Yupik NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 229 Chevak Chevak NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 230 Cup’ik Cup’ik NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 231 Iroquoian Iroquoian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 232 Cayuga Cayuga NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 233 Cherokee Cherokee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 234 Mohawk Mohawk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 235 Oneida Oneida NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 236 Onondaga Onondaga NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 237 Osage Osage NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 238 Seneca Seneca NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 239 Tuscarora Tuscarora NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 240 Wyandot Wyandot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 241 Erie Erie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 242 Neutral Neutral NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 243 Huron Huron NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 244 Nottoway Nottoway NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 245 Susquehannock Susquehannock NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 246 Wenrohronon Wenrohronon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 247 Kalapuyan Kalapuyan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 248 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 249 Kalapuya Kalapuya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 250 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 251 Kalapuya Kalapuya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 252 Yoncalla Yoncalla NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 253 Keresan Keresan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 254 Cochiti Cochiti NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 255 Pueblo Pueblo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 256 San San NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 257 Felipe Felipe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 258 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 259 Santo Santo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 260 Domingo Domingo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 261 Zia Zia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 262 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 263 Santa Santa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 264 Ana Ana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 265 Pueblos Pueblos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 266 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 267 Keres Keres NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 268 Acoma Acoma NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 269 Pueblo Pueblo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 270 Laguna Laguna NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 271 Pueblo Pueblo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 272 Maiduan Maiduan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 273 Konkow Konkow NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 274 Maidu Maidu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 275 Nisenan Nisenan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 276 Chico Chico NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 277 Muskogean Muskogean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 278 Alabama Alabama NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 279 Chickasaw Chickasaw NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 280 Choctaw Choctaw NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 281 Koasati Koasati NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 282 Mikasuki Mikasuki NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 283 Muscogee Muscogee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 284 Apalachee Apalachee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 285 Palaihnihan Palaihnihan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 286 Achumawi Achumawi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 287 Atsugewi Atsugewi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 288 Plateau Plateau NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 289 Penutian Penutian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 290 Nez Nez NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 291 Perce Perce NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 292 Sahaptin Sahaptin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 293 Klamath Klamath NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 294 Molala Molala NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 295 Pomoan Pomoan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 296 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 297 Pomo Pomo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 298 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 299 Pomo Pomo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 300 Kashaya Kashaya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 301 Southeastern Southeastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 302 Pomo Pomo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 303 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 304 Pomo Pomo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 305 Northeastern Northeastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 306 Pomo Pomo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 307 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 308 Pomo Pomo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 309 Salishan Salishan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 310 Coeur Coeur NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 311 d'Alene d'Alene NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 312 Columbia Columbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 313 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 314 Moses Moses NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 315 Halkomelem Halkomelem NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 316 Klallam Klallam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 317 Lushootseed Lushootseed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 318 Nooksack Nooksack NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 319 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 320 Straits Straits NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 321 Salish Salish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 322 Okanagan Okanagan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 323 Salish Salish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 324 Thompson Thompson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 325 Twana Twana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 326 Cowlitz Cowlitz NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 327 Lower low JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 328 Chehalis Chehalis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 329 Quinault Quinault NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 330 Tillamook Tillamook NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 331 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 332 Chehalis Chehalis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 333 Siouan Siouan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 334 Assiniboine Assiniboine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 335 Crow Crow NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 336 Dakota Dakota NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 337 Hidatsa Hidatsa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 338 Kansa Kansa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 339 Lakota Lakota NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 340 Mandan Mandan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 341 Omaha Omaha NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 342 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 343 Ponca Ponca NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 344 Quapaw Quapaw NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 345 Stoney Stoney NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 346 Winnebago Winnebago NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 347 Biloxi Biloxi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 348 Catawba Catawba NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 349 Chiwere Chiwere NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 350 Mitchigamea Mitchigamea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 351 Moneton Moneton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 352 Ofo Ofo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 353 Tutelo Tutelo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 354 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 355 Saponi Saponi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 356 Woccon Woccon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 357 Tanoan Tanoan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 358 Jemez Jemez NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 359 Kiowa Kiowa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 360 Picuris Picuris NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 361 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 362 Tiwa Tiwa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 363 Taos Taos NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 364 Tewa Tewa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 365 Piro Piro NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 366 Pueblo Pueblo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 367 Tsimshianic Tsimshianic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 368 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 369 Tsimshian tsimshian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 370 Uto uto JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 371 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 372 Aztecan Aztecan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 373 Comanche Comanche NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 374 Hopi Hopi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 375 Ivilyuat Ivilyuat NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 376 Kawaiisu Kawaiisu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 377 Kitanemuk Kitanemuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 378 Luiseño Luiseño NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 379 Mono Mono NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 380 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 381 Paiute Paiute NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 382 O'odham O'odham NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 383 Serrano Serrano NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 384 Shoshoni Shoshoni NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 385 Timbisha Timbisha NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 386 Tübatulabal Tübatulabal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 387 Ute Ute NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 388 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 389 Chemehuevi Chemehuevi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 390 Yaqui Yaqui NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 391 Cupeño Cupeño NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 392 Tongva Tongva NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 393 Wakashan Wakashan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 394 Makah Makah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 395 Wintuan Wintuan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 396 Nomlaki Nomlaki NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 397 Patwin Patwin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 398 Wintu Wintu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 399 Yuk Yuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 400 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 401 Utian Utian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 402 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 403 Sierra Sierra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 404 Miwok Miwok NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 405 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 406 Sierra Sierra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 407 Miwok Miwok NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 408 Tule Tule NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 409 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 410 Kaweah Kaweah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 411 Yokuts Yokuts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 412 Valley Valley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 413 Yokuts Yokuts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 414 Bay Bay NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 415 Miwok Miwok NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 416 Buena Buena NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 417 Vista Vista NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 418 Yokuts Yokuts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 419 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 420 Miwok Miwok NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 421 Gashowu Gashowu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 422 Yokuts Yokuts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 423 Kings Kings NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 424 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 425 Yokuts Yokuts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 426 Lake Lake NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 427 Miwok Miwok NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 428 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 429 Sierra Sierra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 430 Miwok Miwok NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 431 Palewyami Palewyami NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 432 Plains Plains NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 433 Miwok Miwok NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 434 Yuman Yuman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 435 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 436 Cochimí Cochimí NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 437 Cocopah Cocopah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 438 Havasupai Havasupai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 439 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 440 Hualapai Hualapai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 441 Ipai Ipai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 442 Kumeyaay Kumeyaay NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 443 Maricopa maricopa NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 444 Mojave Mojave NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 445 Quechan Quechan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 446 Tiipai Tiipai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 447 Yavapai Yavapai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 448 Others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 449 Isolates isolate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 450 Haida Haida NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 451 Karuk Karuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 452 Kutenai Kutenai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 453 Siuslaw Siuslaw NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 454 Washo Washo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 455 Yuchi Yuchi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 456 Zuni Zuni NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 457 Chitimacha Chitimacha NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 458 Tonkawa Tonkawa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 459 Mixed Mixed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 460 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 461 Trade Trade NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 462 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 463 Chinook Chinook VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 464 Jargon Jargon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 465 Michif Michif NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 466 Mohawk Mohawk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 467 Dutch Dutch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 468 Manual Manual NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 469 Indigenous indigenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 470 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 471 Hand Hand NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 472 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 473 Anishinaabe Anishinaabe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 474 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 475 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 476 Blackfoot Blackfoot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 477 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 478 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 479 Cheyenne Cheyenne NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 480 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 481 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 482 Cree Cree NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 483 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 484 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 485 Navajo Navajo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 486 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 487 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 488 Plateau Plateau NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 489 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 490 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 491 Isolates Isolates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 492 Hawai'i Hawai'i NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 493 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 494 Language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 495 Inuk Inuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 496 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 497 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 498 Keresan Keresan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 499 Pueblo Pueblo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 500 Navajo Navajo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 501 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 502 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 503 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 504 Oral Oral NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 505 settler settler NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 506 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 507 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 508 Louisiana Louisiana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 509 Métis Métis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 510 Missouri Missouri NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 511 Muskrat Muskrat NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 512 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 513 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 514 German German NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 515 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 516 Dutch Dutch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 517 Hutterite Hutterite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 518 Plautdietsch Plautdietsch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 519 Bernese Bernese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 520 Alsatian Alsatian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 521 Texas Texas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 522 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 523 Caló Caló NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 524 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 525 Chicano Chicano NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 526 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 527 Isleño isleño VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 528 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 529 Mexican Mexican NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 530 Puerto Puerto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 531 Rican Rican NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 532 Manual Manual NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 533 settler settler NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 534 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 535 Francosign Francosign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 536 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 537 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 538 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 539 Black Black NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 540 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 541 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 542 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 543 Pro pro JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 544 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 545 Tactile tactile JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 546 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 547 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 548 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 549 Puerto puerto JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 550 Rican rican JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 551 Sign sign NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 552 Language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 553 BANZSL BANZSL MD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 554 Samoan Samoan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 555 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 556 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 557 Kentish Kentish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 558 Martha Martha NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 559 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 560 Vineyard Vineyard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 561 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 562 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 563 Isolates isolate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 564 Sandy Sandy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 565 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 566 Valley Valley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 567 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 568 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 569 Henniker Henniker NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 570 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 571 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 572 Immigrant immigrant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 573 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 574 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 575 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 576 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 577 speakers speaker NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 578 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 579 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 580 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 581 millions million NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 582 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 583 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 584 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 585 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 586 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 587 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 588 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 589 3 3 LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 590 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 591 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 592 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 593 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 594 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 595 Tagalog tagalog NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 596 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 597 1.6 1.6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 598 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 599 Telugu Telugu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 600 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 601 0.39 0.39 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 602 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 603 Vietnamese Vietnamese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 604 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 605 1.4 1.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 606 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 607 German German NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 608 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 609 1.1 1.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 610 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 611 Korean Korean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 612 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 613 1.1 1.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 614 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 615 Arabic Arabic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 616 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 617 0.9 0.9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 618 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 619 Russian Russian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 620 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 621 0.9 0.9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 622 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 623 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 624 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 625 0.7 0.7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 626 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 627 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 628 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 629 0.7 0.7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 630 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 631 Polish Polish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 632 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 633 0.6 0.6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 634 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 635 Hindi Hindi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 636 ( ( -LRB- 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660 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 661 Croatian croatian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 662 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 663 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 664 0.3 0.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 665 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 666 Armenian Armenian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 667 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 668 0.2 0.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 669 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 670 Khmer Khmer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 671 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 672 0.2 0.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 673 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 674 Hmong Hmong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 675 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 676 0.2 0.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 677 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 678 Hebrew Hebrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 679 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 680 0.2 0.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 681 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 682 Laotian Laotian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 683 ( ( -LRB- 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en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 707 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 708 Colonial colonial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 709 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 710 Thirteen Thirteen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 711 Colonies Colonies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 712 military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 713 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 714 Founding found VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 715 Fathers Fathers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 716 Continental Continental NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 717 Congress Congress NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 718 Continental Continental NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 719 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 720 Lee Lee NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 721 Resolution Resolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 722 Declaration Declaration NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 723 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 724 Independence Independence NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 725 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 726 Revolution Revolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 727 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 728 Treaty Treaty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 729 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 730 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 731 Articles Articles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 732 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 733 Confederation Confederation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 734 Confederation Confederation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 735 Period Period NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 736 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 737 frontier frontier NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 738 Drafting drafting NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 739 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 740 ratification ratification NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 741 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 742 Constitution Constitution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 743 Bill Bill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 744 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 745 Rights Rights NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 746 Federalist Federalist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 747 Era Era NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 748 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 749 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 750 1812 1812 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 751 Territorial territorial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 752 evolution evolution NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 753 Mexican mexican JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 754 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 755 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 756 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 757 Civil Civil NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 758 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 759 Reconstruction Reconstruction NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 760 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 761 Indian Indian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 762 Wars war NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 763 Gilded gild VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 764 Age Age NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 765 Progressive Progressive NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 766 Era Era NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 767 Women Women NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 768 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 769 suffrage suffrage JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 770 Civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 771 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 772 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 773 1865–1896 1865–1896 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 774   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 775 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 776 1896–1954 1896–1954 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 777   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 778 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 779 1954–1968 1954–1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 780 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 781 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 782 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 783 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 784 Imperialism Imperialism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 785 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 786 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 787 I i NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 788 Roaring roar VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 789 Twenties Twenties NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 790 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 791 Depression Depression NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 792 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 793 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 794 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 795 home home NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 796 front front JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 797 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 798 Century Century NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 799 Cold Cold NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 800 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 801 Korean Korean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 802 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 803 Space Space NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 804 Race Race NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 805 Feminist Feminist NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 806 Movement Movement NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 807 Vietnam Vietnam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 808 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 809 Post Post NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 810 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 811 Cold Cold NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 812 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 813 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 814 1991–2008 1991–2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 815 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 816 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 817 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 818 Terror Terror NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 819 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 820 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 821 Afghanistan Afghanistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 822 Iraq Iraq NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 823 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 824 COVID-19 COVID-19 , en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 825 pandemic pandemic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 826 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 827 topic topic NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 828 Outline Outline NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 829 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 830 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 831 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 832 Demographic Demographic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 833 Discoveries discovery NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 834 Economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 835 debt debt NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 836 ceiling ceiling NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 837 Inventions invention NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 838 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 839 1890 1890 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 840 1890–1945 1890–1945 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 841 1946–1991 1946–1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 842 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 843 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 844 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 845 Postal Postal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 846 Technological Technological NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 847 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 848 industrial industrial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 849 Geography Geography NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 850 Territory Territory NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 851 Contiguous Contiguous NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 852 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 853 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 854 Continental Continental NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 855 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 856 counties county NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 857 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 858 district district NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 859 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 860 enclaves enclave VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 861 Indian indian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 862 reservations reservation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 863 insular insular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 864 zones zone NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 865 minor minor JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 866 outlying outlying JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 867 islands island NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 868 populated populate VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 869 places place NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 870 states state VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 871 Earthquakes Earthquakes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 872 Extreme Extreme NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 873 points point NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 874 Islands Islands NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 875 Mountains Mountains NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 876 peaks peak VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 877 ranges range VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 878 Appalachian Appalachian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 879 Rocky Rocky NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 880 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 881 Park Park NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 882 Service Service NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 883 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 884 Parks Parks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 885 Regions Regions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 886 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 887 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 888 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 889 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 890 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 891 Plains Plains NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 892 Gulf Gulf NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 893 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 894 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 895 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 896 Midwestern Midwestern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 897 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 898 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 899 Pacific Pacific NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 900 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 901 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 902 Northern Northern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 903 Northeastern Northeastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 904 Northwestern Northwestern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 905 Southern Southern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 906 Southeastern Southeastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 907 Southwestern Southwestern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 908 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 909 Longest Longest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 910 rivers river NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 911 Arkansas Arkansas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 912 Colorado Colorado NNP 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639 974 Supreme Supreme NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 975 Court Court NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 976 Law Law NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 977 Bill Bill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 978 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 979 Rights Rights NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 980 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 981 liberties liberty NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 982 Code Code NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 983 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 984 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 985 Regulations Regulations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 986 Constitution Constitution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 987 federalism federalism NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 988 preemption preemption NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 989 separation separation NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 990 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 991 powers power NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 992 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 993 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 994 Federal Federal NNP 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Forces Forces NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1034 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1035 Marine Marine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1036 Corps Corps NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1037 Navy Navy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1038 Air Air NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1039 Force Force NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1040 Space Space NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1041 Force Force NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1042 Coast Coast NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1043 Guard Guard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1044 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1045 Guard Guard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1046 NOAA NOAA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1047 Corps Corps NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1048 Public Public NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1049 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1050 Service Service NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1051 Corps Corps NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1052 51st 51st JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1053 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1054 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1055 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1056 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1057 Puerto Puerto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1058 Rico Rico NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1059 District District NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1060 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1061 Columbia Columbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1062 statehood statehood NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1063 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1064 Elections Elections NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1065 Electoral Electoral NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1066 College College NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1067 Foreign Foreign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1068 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1069 Foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1070 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1071 Hawaiian hawaiian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1072 sovereignty sovereignty NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1073 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1074 Ideologies ideologie VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1075 anti anti JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1076 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1077 Americanism americanism JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1078 exceptionalism exceptionalism NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1079 nationalism nationalism NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1080 Local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1081 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1082 Parties party NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1083 Democratic Democratic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1084 Republican Republican NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1085 Third Third NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1086 parties party NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1087 Red red JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1088 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1089 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1090 blue blue JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1091 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1092 Purple Purple NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1093 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1094 Scandals Scandals NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1095 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1096 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1097 governor governor NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1098 state state NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1099 legislature legislature NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1100 state state NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1101 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1102 Imperial Imperial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1103 Presidency Presidency NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1104 Corruption Corruption NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1105 Economy Economy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1106 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1107 sector sector NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1108 Agriculture Agriculture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1109 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1110 Communications Communications NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1111 Companies Companies NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1112 Energy Energy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1113 Insurance Insurance NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1114 Manufacturing Manufacturing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1115 Mining Mining NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1116 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1117 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1118 technology technology NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1119 Tourism Tourism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1120 Trade Trade NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1121 Transportation Transportation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1122 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1123 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1124 Currency Currency NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1125 Exports Exports NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1126 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1127 budget budget NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1128 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1129 Reserve Reserve NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1130 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1131 Financial financial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1132 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1133 Labor Labor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1134 unions union VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1135 Public public JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1136 debt debt NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1137 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1138 welfare welfare NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1139 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1140 Taxation Taxation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1141 Unemployment Unemployment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1142 Wall Wall NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1143 Street Street NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1144 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1145 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1146 Americana Americana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1147 Architecture Architecture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1148 Cinema Cinema NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1149 Crime Crime NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1150 Cuisine Cuisine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1151 Dance Dance NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1152 Demography Demography NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1153 Economic Economic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1154 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1155 affluence affluence VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1156 eviction eviction NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1157 home home NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1158 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1159 ownership ownership NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1160 household household NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1161 income income NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1162 income income NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1163 inequality inequality NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1164 labor labor NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1165 unions union NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1166 middle middle JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1167 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1168 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1169 income income NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1170 poverty poverty NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1171 standard standard NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1172 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1173 living living NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1174 wealth wealth NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1175 Education Education NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1176 attainment attainment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1177 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1178 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1179 Fashion Fashion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1180 Flag flag NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1181 Folklore folklore NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1182 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1183 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1184 Novel Novel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1185 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1186 health health NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1187 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1188 health health NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1189 insurance insurance NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1190 Holidays Holidays NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1191 Homelessness Homelessness NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1192 Human Human NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1193 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1194 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1195 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1196 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1197 Indigenous indigenous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1198 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1199 ASL ASL NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1200 Black Black NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1201 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1202 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1203 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1204 HSL hsl NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1205 Plains plain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1206 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1207 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1208 Arabic arabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1209 Chinese chinese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1210 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1211 German german JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1212 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1213 Russian russian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1214 Spanish Spanish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1215 Literature Literature NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1216 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1217 Journalism Journalism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1218 Internet Internet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1219 Newspapers Newspapers NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1220 Radio Radio NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1221 Television Television NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1222 Music Music NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1223 Names name VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1224 National national JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1225 symbols symbol NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1226 Columbia Columbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1227 Statue Statue NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1228 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1229 Liberty Liberty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1230 Uncle Uncle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1231 Sam Sam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1232 People People NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1233 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1234 Political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1235 ideologies ideologie VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1236 Public public JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1237 holidays holiday NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1238 Race Race NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1239 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1240 Sexuality Sexuality NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1241   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1242 / / , en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1243 Adolescent Adolescent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1244 Sexuality Sexuality NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1245 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1246 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1247 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1248 Sports Sports NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1249 Theater Theater NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1250 Transportation Transportation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1251 Video Video NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1252 games game VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1253 Visual visual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1254 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1255 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1256 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1257 Affluence affluence NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1258 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1259 Dream Dream NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1260 Educational educational JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1261 attainment attainment JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1262 Homelessness Homelessness NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1263 Home Home NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1264 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1265 ownership ownership NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1266 Household household NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1267 income income NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1268 Income Income NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1269 inequality inequality NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1270 Middle middle JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1271 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1272 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1273 income income NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1274 Poverty Poverty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1275 Professional Professional NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1276 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1277 working working NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1278 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1279 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1280 Standard standard NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1281 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1282 living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1283 Issues Issues NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1284 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1285 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1286 consent consent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1287 Capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1288 punishment punishment NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1289 Crime Crime NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1290 incarceration incarceration NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1291 Criticism criticism NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1292 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1293 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1294 Discrimination discrimination NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1295 affirmative affirmative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1296 action action NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1297 antisemitism antisemitism NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1298 hair hair NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1299 texture texture NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1300 intersex intersex NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1301 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1302 Islamophobia Islamophobia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1303 LGBT LGBT VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1304 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1305 racism racism NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1306 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1307 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1308 sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1309 marriage marriage NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1310 Drug drug NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1311 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1312 Energy Energy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1313 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1314 Environmental environmental JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1315 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1316 Gun Gun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1317 politics politic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1318 Health Health NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1319 care care NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1320 abortion abortion NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1321 health health NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1322 insurance insurance NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1323 hunger hunger NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1324 obesity obesity NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1325 smoking smoke VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1326 Human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1327 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1328 Immigration immigration NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1329 illegal illegal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1330 International international JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1331 rankings ranking NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1332 National national JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1333 security security NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1334 Mass mass NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1335 surveillance surveillance NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1336 Terrorism Terrorism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1337 Separation Separation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1338 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1339 church church NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1340 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1341 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1342 Outline Outline NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1343 Index Index NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1344 Category Category NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1345 Portal Portal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1346 v v NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1347 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1348 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1349 Dialects dialect NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1350 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1351 accents accent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1352 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1353 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1354 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1355 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1356 continent continent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1357 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1358 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1359 Britain Britain NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1360 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1361 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1362 Cheshire Cheshire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1363 Cumbria Cumbria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1364 Barrow Barrow NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1365 Lancashire Lancashire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1366 Liverpool Liverpool NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1367 Manchester Manchester NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1368 Northumbria Northumbria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1369 Pitmatic Pitmatic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1370 Sunderland Sunderland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1371 Tyneside Tyneside NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1372 Yorkshire Yorkshire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1373 Midlands midland VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1374 East east NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1375 Midlands midland VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1376 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1377 Midlands midland VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1378 Birmingham Birmingham NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1379 Black Black NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1380 Country Country NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1381 Stoke Stoke NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1382 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1383 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1384 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1385 Trent Trent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1386 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1387 Cockney Cockney NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1388 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1389 Anglia Anglia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1390 Norfolk Norfolk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1391 Suffolk Suffolk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1392 Multicultural Multicultural NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1393 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1394 Received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1395 Pronunciation Pronunciation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1396 Surrey Surrey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1397 Sussex Sussex NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1398 Thames Thames NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1399 Estuary Estuary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1400 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1401 Country Country NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1402 Cornwall Cornwall NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1403 Dorset Dorset NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1404 Scotland Scotland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1405 Glasgow Glasgow NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1406 Highlands highland VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1407 Wales Wales NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1408 Abercraf Abercraf NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1409 Cardiff Cardiff NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1410 Gower Gower NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1411 Port Port NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1412 Talbot Talbot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1413 Ireland Ireland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1414 Dublin Dublin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1415 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1416 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1417 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1418 Ulster Ulster NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1419 Channel Channel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1420 Islands Islands NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1421 Continental Continental NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1422 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1423 Gibraltar Gibraltar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1424 Isle Isle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1425 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1426 Man Man NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1427 Americas Americas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1428 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1429 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1430 Canada Canada NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1431 Aboriginal Aboriginal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1432 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1433 Lunenburg Lunenburg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1434 Newfoundland Newfoundland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1435 Quebec Quebec NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1436 Standard Standard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1437 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1438 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1439 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1440 Ottawa Ottawa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1441 Valley Valley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1442 Pacific Pacific NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1443 Northwest Northwest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1444 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1445 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1446 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1447 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1448 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1449 Baltimore Baltimore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1450 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1451 Midland Midland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1452 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1453 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1454 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1455 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1456 Maine Maine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1457 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1458 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1459 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1460 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1461 accent accent NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1462 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1463 Inland Inland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1464 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1465 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1466 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1467 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1468 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1469 Peninsula Peninsula NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1470 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1471 Appalachia Appalachia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1472 High High NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1473 Tider Tider NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1474 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1475 Orleans Orleans NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1476 Older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1477 Texas Texas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1478 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1479 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1480 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1481 Mexico Mexico NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1482 Pacific Pacific NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1483 Northwest Northwest NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1484 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1485 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1486 Ethno Ethno NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1487 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1488 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1489 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1490 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1491 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1492 Vernacular Vernacular NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1493 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1494 Indian Indian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1495 Cajun Cajun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1496 Chicano Chicano NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1497 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1498 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1499 Miami Miami NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1500 Latino Latino NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1501 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1502 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1503 Latino Latino NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1504 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1505 Dutch Dutch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1506 Yeshiva Yeshiva NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1507 Caribbean caribbean VBP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1508 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1509 Bahamas Bahamas NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1510 Barbados Barbados NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1511 Cayman Cayman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1512 Islands Islands NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1513 Bay Bay NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1514 Islands Islands NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1515 Jamaica Jamaica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1516 Puerto Puerto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1517 Rico Rico NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1518 Samaná Samaná NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1519 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1520 Dominican Dominican NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1521 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1522 Trinidad Trinidad NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1523 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1524 Tobago Tobago NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1525 Bermuda Bermuda NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1526 Falkland Falkland NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1527 Islands Islands NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1528 Oceania Oceania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1529 Australia Australia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1530 Aboriginal Aboriginal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1531 Accent Accent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1532 broad broad JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1533 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1534 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1535 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1536 cultivated cultivate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1537 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1538 Australia Australia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1539 Torres Torres NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1540 Strait Strait NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1541 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1542 Australia Australia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1543 Fiji Fiji NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1544 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1545 Zealand Zealand NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1546 Palau Palau NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1547 Solomon Solomon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1548 Islands Islands NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1549 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1550 Cameroon Cameroon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1551 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1552 Gambia Gambia NNP 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en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1573 Hong Hong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1574 Kong Kong NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1575 India India NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1576 regional regional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1577 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1578 occupational occupational JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1579 Malaysia Malaysia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1580 Myanmar Myanmar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1581 Nepal Nepal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1582 Pakistan Pakistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1583 Philippines Philippines NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1584 Singapore Singapore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1585 Sri Sri NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1586 Lanka Lanka NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1587 Related Related NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1588 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1589 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1590 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1591 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1592 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1593 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1594 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1595 Anglish Anglish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1596 Basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1597 E E NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1598 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1599 Prime Prime NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1600 Engrish Engrish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1601 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1602 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1603 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1604 lingua lingua JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1605 franca franca JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1606 Globish Globish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1607 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1608 Mid Mid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1609 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1610 Atlantic Atlantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1611 Non Non NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1612 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1613 native native JJ 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en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1636 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1637 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1638 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1639 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1640 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1641 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1642 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1643 region region VB en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1644 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1645 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1646 Articles Articles NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1647 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1648 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1649 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1650 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1651 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1652 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1653 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1654 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1655 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1656 British British NNP 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639 1699 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1700 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1701 Saint Saint NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1702 Helena Helena NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1703 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1704 Ascension Ascension NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1705 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1706 Tristan Tristan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1707 da da NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1708 Cunha Cunha NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1709 Americas Americas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1710 Anguilla Anguilla NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1711 Antigua Antigua NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1712 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1713 Barbuda Barbuda NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1714 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1715 Bahamas Bahamas NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1716 Barbados Barbados NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1717 Belize Belize NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1718 Bermuda Bermuda NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1719 British british JJ 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India NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1843 Pakistan Pakistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1844 Philippines Philippines NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1845 Singapore Singapore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1846 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1847 Gibraltar Gibraltar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1848 Akrotiri Akrotiri NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1849 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1850 Dhekelia Dhekelia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1851 Malta Malta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1852 Oceania Oceania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1853 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1854 Samoa Samoa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1855 Cook Cook NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1856 Islands Islands NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1857 Fiji Fiji NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1858 Guam Guam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1859 Kiribati Kiribati NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1860 Marshall Marshall NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1861 Islands Islands NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 639 1862 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Ελληνικά Ελληνικά NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 297 Español Español NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 298 Esperanto Esperanto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 299 Euskara Euskara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 300 فارسی فارسی JJ en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 301 Føroyskt Føroyskt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 302 Français Français NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 303 Frysk Frysk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 304 한국어 한국어 NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 305 Bahasa Bahasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 306 Indonesia Indonesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 307 Interlingua Interlingua NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 308 Italiano Italiano NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 309 עברית עברית NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 310 ქართული ქართული NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 311 Latina Latina NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 312 Lietuvių Lietuvių NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 313 Magyar Magyar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 314 Македонски Македонски NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 315 Nederlands Nederlands NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 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Suomi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 338 Svenska Svenska NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 339 தமிழ் தமிழ் , en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 340 ไทย ไทย NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 341 Türkçe Türkçe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 342 Українська Українська NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 343 Tiếng Tiếng NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 344 Việt Việt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 345 吴语 吴语 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 346 粵語 粵語 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 347 中文 中文 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 348 Edit Edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 349 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 350 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 351 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 352 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 353 last last RB en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 354 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 355 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 356 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 357 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 358 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 359 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5478 640 360 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