id sid tid token lemma pos WOS-000460787800004 1 1 background background NOUN WOS-000460787800004 1 2 : : PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 1 3 over over ADP WOS-000460787800004 1 4 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 1 5 past past ADJ WOS-000460787800004 1 6 decade decade NOUN WOS-000460787800004 1 7 , , PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 1 8 courts court NOUN WOS-000460787800004 1 9 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 1 10 administrative administrative ADJ WOS-000460787800004 1 11 agencies agency NOUN WOS-000460787800004 1 12 increasingly increasingly ADV WOS-000460787800004 1 13 have have AUX WOS-000460787800004 1 14 considered consider VERB WOS-000460787800004 1 15 cases case NOUN WOS-000460787800004 1 16 that that PRON WOS-000460787800004 1 17 involve involve VERB WOS-000460787800004 1 18 clashes clash NOUN WOS-000460787800004 1 19 between between ADP WOS-000460787800004 1 20 charter charter NOUN WOS-000460787800004 1 21 school school NOUN WOS-000460787800004 1 22 proponents proponent NOUN WOS-000460787800004 1 23 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 1 24 teacher teacher NOUN WOS-000460787800004 1 25 unions union NOUN WOS-000460787800004 1 26 . . PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 2 1 while while SCONJ WOS-000460787800004 2 2 these these DET WOS-000460787800004 2 3 cases case NOUN WOS-000460787800004 2 4 have have AUX WOS-000460787800004 2 5 focused focus VERB WOS-000460787800004 2 6 on on ADP WOS-000460787800004 2 7 a a DET WOS-000460787800004 2 8 range range NOUN WOS-000460787800004 2 9 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 2 10 education education NOUN WOS-000460787800004 2 11 policy policy NOUN WOS-000460787800004 2 12 issues issue NOUN WOS-000460787800004 2 13 , , PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 2 14 some some DET WOS-000460787800004 2 15 cases case NOUN WOS-000460787800004 2 16 have have AUX WOS-000460787800004 2 17 focused focus VERB WOS-000460787800004 2 18 on on ADP WOS-000460787800004 2 19 arguably arguably ADV WOS-000460787800004 2 20 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 2 21 most most ADV WOS-000460787800004 2 22 important important ADJ WOS-000460787800004 2 23 legal legal ADJ WOS-000460787800004 2 24 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 2 25 policy policy NOUN WOS-000460787800004 2 26 distinction distinction NOUN WOS-000460787800004 2 27 applicable applicable ADJ WOS-000460787800004 2 28 to to ADP WOS-000460787800004 2 29 charter charter NOUN WOS-000460787800004 2 30 schoolswhether schoolswhether VERB WOS-000460787800004 2 31 a a DET WOS-000460787800004 2 32 charter charter NOUN WOS-000460787800004 2 33 school school NOUN WOS-000460787800004 2 34 should should AUX WOS-000460787800004 2 35 be be AUX WOS-000460787800004 2 36 considered consider VERB WOS-000460787800004 2 37 public public ADJ WOS-000460787800004 2 38 or or CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 2 39 private private ADJ WOS-000460787800004 2 40 . . PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 3 1 purpose purpose NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 2 : : PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 3 3 this this DET WOS-000460787800004 3 4 study study NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 5 examines examine VERB WOS-000460787800004 3 6 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 3 7 intersection intersection NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 8 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 3 9 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 3 10 public public ADJ WOS-000460787800004 3 11 / / SYM WOS-000460787800004 3 12 private private ADJ WOS-000460787800004 3 13 distinction distinction NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 14 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 3 15 u.s u.s PROPN WOS-000460787800004 3 16 . . PROPN WOS-000460787800004 3 17 law law NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 18 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 3 19 policy policy NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 20 , , PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 3 21 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 3 22 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 3 23 shifting shift VERB WOS-000460787800004 3 24 political political ADJ WOS-000460787800004 3 25 positions position NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 26 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 3 27 teacher teacher NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 28 unions union NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 29 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 3 30 charter charter NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 31 school school NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 32 proponents proponent NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 33 , , PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 3 34 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 3 35 courts court NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 36 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 3 37 agencies agency NOUN WOS-000460787800004 3 38 . . PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 4 1 we we PRON WOS-000460787800004 4 2 examine examine VERB WOS-000460787800004 4 3 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 4 4 history history NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 5 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 4 6 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 4 7 public public ADJ WOS-000460787800004 4 8 / / SYM WOS-000460787800004 4 9 private private ADJ WOS-000460787800004 4 10 distinction distinction NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 11 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 4 12 u.s u.s PROPN WOS-000460787800004 4 13 . . PROPN WOS-000460787800004 4 14 law law NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 15 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 4 16 policy policy NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 17 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 4 18 specifically specifically ADV WOS-000460787800004 4 19 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 4 20 education education NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 21 , , PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 4 22 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 4 23 addition addition NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 24 to to ADP WOS-000460787800004 4 25 conducting conduct VERB WOS-000460787800004 4 26 an an DET WOS-000460787800004 4 27 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 4 28 - - PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 4 29 depth depth NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 30 analysis analysis NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 31 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 4 32 three three NUM WOS-000460787800004 4 33 recent recent ADJ WOS-000460787800004 4 34 decisions decision NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 35 involving involve VERB WOS-000460787800004 4 36 charter charter NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 37 schools school NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 38 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 4 39 teacher teacher NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 40 unions union NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 41 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 4 42 which which PRON WOS-000460787800004 4 43 courts court NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 44 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 4 45 agencies agency NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 46 determined determine VERB WOS-000460787800004 4 47 whether whether SCONJ WOS-000460787800004 4 48 charter charter NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 49 schools school NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 50 were be AUX WOS-000460787800004 4 51 public public ADJ WOS-000460787800004 4 52 or or CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 4 53 private private ADJ WOS-000460787800004 4 54 organizations organization NOUN WOS-000460787800004 4 55 . . PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 5 1 research research NOUN WOS-000460787800004 5 2 design design NOUN WOS-000460787800004 5 3 : : PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 5 4 this this DET WOS-000460787800004 5 5 article article NOUN WOS-000460787800004 5 6 is be AUX WOS-000460787800004 5 7 a a DET WOS-000460787800004 5 8 legal legal ADJ WOS-000460787800004 5 9 analysis analysis NOUN WOS-000460787800004 5 10 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 5 11 historical historical ADJ WOS-000460787800004 5 12 case case NOUN WOS-000460787800004 5 13 study study NOUN WOS-000460787800004 5 14 . . PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 6 1 findings finding NOUN WOS-000460787800004 6 2 : : PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 6 3 three three NUM WOS-000460787800004 6 4 recent recent ADJ WOS-000460787800004 6 5 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 6 6 high high ADJ WOS-000460787800004 6 7 - - PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 6 8 profile profile NOUN WOS-000460787800004 6 9 education education NOUN WOS-000460787800004 6 10 cases case NOUN WOS-000460787800004 6 11 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 6 12 agencies agency NOUN WOS-000460787800004 6 13 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 6 14 courts court NOUN WOS-000460787800004 6 15 reflect reflect VERB WOS-000460787800004 6 16 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 6 17 continuing continue VERB WOS-000460787800004 6 18 breakdown breakdown NOUN WOS-000460787800004 6 19 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 6 20 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 6 21 public public ADJ WOS-000460787800004 6 22 / / SYM WOS-000460787800004 6 23 private private ADJ WOS-000460787800004 6 24 distinction distinction NOUN WOS-000460787800004 6 25 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 6 26 law law NOUN WOS-000460787800004 6 27 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 6 28 policy policy NOUN WOS-000460787800004 6 29 . . PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 7 1 courts court NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 2 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 7 3 agencies agency NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 4 have have AUX WOS-000460787800004 7 5 hinged hinge VERB WOS-000460787800004 7 6 their their PRON WOS-000460787800004 7 7 decisions decision NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 8 about about ADP WOS-000460787800004 7 9 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 7 10 applicability applicability NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 11 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 7 12 federal federal ADJ WOS-000460787800004 7 13 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 7 14 state state NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 15 collective collective ADJ WOS-000460787800004 7 16 bargaining bargaining NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 17 laws law NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 18 on on ADP WOS-000460787800004 7 19 this this DET WOS-000460787800004 7 20 distinction distinction NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 21 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 7 22 have have AUX WOS-000460787800004 7 23 grounded ground VERB WOS-000460787800004 7 24 decisions decision NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 25 about about ADP WOS-000460787800004 7 26 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 7 27 basic basic ADJ WOS-000460787800004 7 28 constitutionality constitutionality NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 29 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 7 30 state state NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 31 charter charter NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 32 school school NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 33 laws law NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 34 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 7 35 this this DET WOS-000460787800004 7 36 distinction distinction NOUN WOS-000460787800004 7 37 as as ADV WOS-000460787800004 7 38 well well ADV WOS-000460787800004 7 39 . . PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 8 1 however however ADV WOS-000460787800004 8 2 , , PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 8 3 them they PRON WOS-000460787800004 8 4 is be AUX WOS-000460787800004 8 5 little little ADJ WOS-000460787800004 8 6 consistency consistency NOUN WOS-000460787800004 8 7 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 8 8 how how SCONJ WOS-000460787800004 8 9 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 8 10 public public ADJ WOS-000460787800004 8 11 / / SYM WOS-000460787800004 8 12 private private ADJ WOS-000460787800004 8 13 distinction distinction NOUN WOS-000460787800004 8 14 has have AUX WOS-000460787800004 8 15 been be AUX WOS-000460787800004 8 16 applied apply VERB WOS-000460787800004 8 17 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 8 18 legal legal ADJ WOS-000460787800004 8 19 clashes clash NOUN WOS-000460787800004 8 20 between between ADP WOS-000460787800004 8 21 teacher teacher NOUN WOS-000460787800004 8 22 unions union NOUN WOS-000460787800004 8 23 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 8 24 charter charter NOUN WOS-000460787800004 8 25 schools school NOUN WOS-000460787800004 8 26 . . PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 9 1 conclusion conclusion NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 2 : : PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 9 3 our our PRON WOS-000460787800004 9 4 analysis analysis NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 5 underscores underscore VERB WOS-000460787800004 9 6 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 9 7 limitations limitation NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 8 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 9 9 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 9 10 current current ADJ WOS-000460787800004 9 11 debate debate NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 12 over over ADP WOS-000460787800004 9 13 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 9 14 public public ADJ WOS-000460787800004 9 15 / / SYM WOS-000460787800004 9 16 private private ADJ WOS-000460787800004 9 17 ate eat VERB WOS-000460787800004 9 18 nature nature NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 19 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 9 20 charter charter NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 21 schools school NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 22 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 9 23 teacher teacher NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 24 unions union NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 25 , , PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 9 26 particularly particularly ADV WOS-000460787800004 9 27 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 9 28 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 9 29 institutional institutional ADJ WOS-000460787800004 9 30 settings setting NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 31 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 9 32 courts court NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 33 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 9 34 agencies agency NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 35 , , PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 9 36 because because SCONJ WOS-000460787800004 9 37 this this DET WOS-000460787800004 9 38 debate debate NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 39 is be AUX WOS-000460787800004 9 40 largely largely ADV WOS-000460787800004 9 41 untethered untethered ADJ WOS-000460787800004 9 42 from from ADP WOS-000460787800004 9 43 issues issue NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 44 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 9 45 teaching teaching NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 46 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 9 47 learning learning NOUN WOS-000460787800004 9 48 . . PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 10 1 however however ADV WOS-000460787800004 10 2 , , PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 10 3 our our PRON WOS-000460787800004 10 4 analysis analysis NOUN WOS-000460787800004 10 5 also also ADV WOS-000460787800004 10 6 suggests suggest VERB WOS-000460787800004 10 7 that that SCONJ WOS-000460787800004 10 8 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 10 9 public public ADJ WOS-000460787800004 10 10 or or CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 10 11 private private ADJ WOS-000460787800004 10 12 nature nature NOUN WOS-000460787800004 10 13 of of ADP WOS-000460787800004 10 14 charter charter NOUN WOS-000460787800004 10 15 schools school NOUN WOS-000460787800004 10 16 still still ADV WOS-000460787800004 10 17 appears appear VERB WOS-000460787800004 10 18 " " PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 10 19 up up ADP WOS-000460787800004 10 20 for for ADP WOS-000460787800004 10 21 grabs grab NOUN WOS-000460787800004 10 22 " " PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 10 23 in in ADP WOS-000460787800004 10 24 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 10 25 legal legal ADJ WOS-000460787800004 10 26 arena arena NOUN WOS-000460787800004 10 27 . . PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 11 1 as as ADP WOS-000460787800004 11 2 such such ADJ WOS-000460787800004 11 3 , , PUNCT WOS-000460787800004 11 4 courts court NOUN WOS-000460787800004 11 5 and and CCONJ WOS-000460787800004 11 6 agencies agency NOUN WOS-000460787800004 11 7 might might AUX WOS-000460787800004 11 8 offer offer VERB WOS-000460787800004 11 9 reformers reformer NOUN WOS-000460787800004 11 10 a a DET WOS-000460787800004 11 11 useful useful ADJ WOS-000460787800004 11 12 venue venue NOUN WOS-000460787800004 11 13 compared compare VERB WOS-000460787800004 11 14 to to ADP WOS-000460787800004 11 15 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 11 16 legislative legislative ADJ WOS-000460787800004 11 17 arena arena NOUN WOS-000460787800004 11 18 for for ADP WOS-000460787800004 11 19 influencing influence VERB WOS-000460787800004 11 20 how how SCONJ WOS-000460787800004 11 21 the the DET WOS-000460787800004 11 22 public/ public/ NUM WOS-000460787800004 11 23 private private ADJ WOS-000460787800004 11 24 distinction distinction NOUN WOS-000460787800004 11 25 applies apply VERB WOS-000460787800004 11 26 to to ADP WOS-000460787800004 11 27 charter charter NOUN WOS-000460787800004 11 28 schools school NOUN WOS-000460787800004 11 29 . . PUNCT