id sid tid token lemma pos WOS-000349122500006 1 1 background background NOUN WOS-000349122500006 1 2 / / SYM WOS-000349122500006 1 3 context context NOUN WOS-000349122500006 1 4 : : PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 1 5 charter charter NOUN WOS-000349122500006 1 6 school school NOUN WOS-000349122500006 1 7 policy policy NOUN WOS-000349122500006 1 8 has have AUX WOS-000349122500006 1 9 evolved evolve VERB WOS-000349122500006 1 10 into into ADP WOS-000349122500006 1 11 a a DET WOS-000349122500006 1 12 major major ADJ WOS-000349122500006 1 13 component component NOUN WOS-000349122500006 1 14 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 1 15 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 1 16 current current ADJ WOS-000349122500006 1 17 education education NOUN WOS-000349122500006 1 18 reform reform NOUN WOS-000349122500006 1 19 movement movement NOUN WOS-000349122500006 1 20 in in ADP WOS-000349122500006 1 21 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 1 22 united united PROPN WOS-000349122500006 1 23 states states PROPN WOS-000349122500006 1 24 . . PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 2 1 as as ADP WOS-000349122500006 2 2 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 2 3 2012 2012 NUM WOS-000349122500006 2 4 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 2 5 all all DET WOS-000349122500006 2 6 but but CCONJ WOS-000349122500006 2 7 nine nine NUM WOS-000349122500006 2 8 u. u. PROPN WOS-000349122500006 2 9 s. s. PROPN WOS-000349122500006 2 10 states states PROPN WOS-000349122500006 2 11 allowed allow VERB WOS-000349122500006 2 12 charter charter NOUN WOS-000349122500006 2 13 schools school NOUN WOS-000349122500006 2 14 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 2 15 and and CCONJ WOS-000349122500006 2 16 in in ADP WOS-000349122500006 2 17 one one NUM WOS-000349122500006 2 18 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 2 19 those those DET WOS-000349122500006 2 20 nine nine NUM WOS-000349122500006 2 21 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 2 22 washington washington PROPN WOS-000349122500006 2 23 state state PROPN WOS-000349122500006 2 24 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 2 25 charter charter NOUN WOS-000349122500006 2 26 school school NOUN WOS-000349122500006 2 27 legislation legislation NOUN WOS-000349122500006 2 28 was be AUX WOS-000349122500006 2 29 passed pass VERB WOS-000349122500006 2 30 by by ADP WOS-000349122500006 2 31 popular popular ADJ WOS-000349122500006 2 32 vote vote NOUN WOS-000349122500006 2 33 in in ADP WOS-000349122500006 2 34 november november PROPN WOS-000349122500006 2 35 2012 2012 NUM WOS-000349122500006 2 36 . . PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 3 1 there there PRON WOS-000349122500006 3 2 is be VERB WOS-000349122500006 3 3 a a DET WOS-000349122500006 3 4 substantial substantial ADJ WOS-000349122500006 3 5 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 3 6 if if SCONJ WOS-000349122500006 3 7 contested contest VERB WOS-000349122500006 3 8 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 3 9 research research NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 10 base base NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 11 focusing focus VERB WOS-000349122500006 3 12 on on ADP WOS-000349122500006 3 13 charter charter NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 14 school school NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 15 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 16 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 3 17 particularly particularly ADV WOS-000349122500006 3 18 related relate VERB WOS-000349122500006 3 19 to to PART WOS-000349122500006 3 20 test test VERB WOS-000349122500006 3 21 score score NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 22 achievement achievement NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 23 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 3 24 as as ADV WOS-000349122500006 3 25 well well ADV WOS-000349122500006 3 26 as as ADP WOS-000349122500006 3 27 an an DET WOS-000349122500006 3 28 equally equally ADV WOS-000349122500006 3 29 contested contest VERB WOS-000349122500006 3 30 literature literature NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 31 base base NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 32 on on ADP WOS-000349122500006 3 33 charter charter NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 34 school school NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 35 enrollment enrollment NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 36 selectivity selectivity NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 37 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 3 38 student student NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 39 expulsions expulsion NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 40 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 3 41 and and CCONJ WOS-000349122500006 3 42 increased increase VERB WOS-000349122500006 3 43 segregation segregation NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 44 in in ADP WOS-000349122500006 3 45 charter charter NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 46 school school NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 47 populations population NOUN WOS-000349122500006 3 48 . . PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 4 1 purpose purpose NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 2 : : PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 4 3 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 4 4 purpose purpose NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 5 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 4 6 this this DET WOS-000349122500006 4 7 study study NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 8 is be AUX WOS-000349122500006 4 9 to to PART WOS-000349122500006 4 10 analyze analyze VERB WOS-000349122500006 4 11 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 4 12 network network NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 13 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 4 14 relations relation NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 15 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 4 16 policy policy NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 17 actors actor NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 18 surrounding surround VERB WOS-000349122500006 4 19 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 4 20 statewide statewide ADJ WOS-000349122500006 4 21 campaign campaign NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 22 to to PART WOS-000349122500006 4 23 pass pass VERB WOS-000349122500006 4 24 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 4 25 charter charter NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 26 school school NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 27 initiative initiative NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 28 1240 1240 NUM WOS-000349122500006 4 29 in in ADP WOS-000349122500006 4 30 washington washington PROPN WOS-000349122500006 4 31 state state NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 32 in in SCONJ WOS-000349122500006 4 33 order order NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 34 to to PART WOS-000349122500006 4 35 better well ADV WOS-000349122500006 4 36 understand understand VERB WOS-000349122500006 4 37 how how SCONJ WOS-000349122500006 4 38 wealthy wealthy ADJ WOS-000349122500006 4 39 individuals individual NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 40 and and CCONJ WOS-000349122500006 4 41 their their PRON WOS-000349122500006 4 42 associated associated ADJ WOS-000349122500006 4 43 philanthropic philanthropic NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 44 organizations organization NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 45 influence influence VERB WOS-000349122500006 4 46 educational educational ADJ WOS-000349122500006 4 47 policy policy NOUN WOS-000349122500006 4 48 . . PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 5 1 research research NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 2 design design NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 3 : : PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 5 4 making make VERB WOS-000349122500006 5 5 use use NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 6 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 5 7 available available ADJ WOS-000349122500006 5 8 tax tax NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 9 records record NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 10 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 5 11 public public ADJ WOS-000349122500006 5 12 election election NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 13 information information NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 14 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 5 15 individual individual ADJ WOS-000349122500006 5 16 and and CCONJ WOS-000349122500006 5 17 organizational organizational ADJ WOS-000349122500006 5 18 websites website NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 19 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 5 20 and and CCONJ WOS-000349122500006 5 21 institutional institutional ADJ WOS-000349122500006 5 22 and and CCONJ WOS-000349122500006 5 23 foundation foundation NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 24 databases database NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 25 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 5 26 this this DET WOS-000349122500006 5 27 study study NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 28 uses use VERB WOS-000349122500006 5 29 simple simple ADJ WOS-000349122500006 5 30 directed direct VERB WOS-000349122500006 5 31 graphing graph VERB WOS-000349122500006 5 32 techniques technique NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 33 from from ADP WOS-000349122500006 5 34 social social ADJ WOS-000349122500006 5 35 network network NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 36 analysis analysis NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 37 to to PART WOS-000349122500006 5 38 analyze analyze VERB WOS-000349122500006 5 39 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 5 40 complex complex ADJ WOS-000349122500006 5 41 relationships relationship NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 42 and and CCONJ WOS-000349122500006 5 43 affiliations affiliation NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 44 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 5 45 policy policy NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 46 actors actor NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 47 relative relative ADJ WOS-000349122500006 5 48 to to ADP WOS-000349122500006 5 49 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 5 50 campaign campaign NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 51 to to PART WOS-000349122500006 5 52 pass pass VERB WOS-000349122500006 5 53 charter charter NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 54 school school NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 55 initiative initiative NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 56 1240 1240 NUM WOS-000349122500006 5 57 in in ADP WOS-000349122500006 5 58 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 5 59 state state NOUN WOS-000349122500006 5 60 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 5 61 washington washington PROPN WOS-000349122500006 5 62 . . PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 6 1 conclusions conclusion NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 2 / / SYM WOS-000349122500006 6 3 recommendations recommendation NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 4 : : PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 6 5 this this DET WOS-000349122500006 6 6 study study NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 7 concludes conclude VERB WOS-000349122500006 6 8 that that SCONJ WOS-000349122500006 6 9 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 6 10 compared compare VERB WOS-000349122500006 6 11 to to ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 12 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 6 13 average average ADJ WOS-000349122500006 6 14 voter voter NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 15 in in ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 16 washington washington PROPN WOS-000349122500006 6 17 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 6 18 an an DET WOS-000349122500006 6 19 elite elite ADJ WOS-000349122500006 6 20 group group NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 21 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 22 wealthy wealthy ADJ WOS-000349122500006 6 23 individuals individual NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 24 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 6 25 either either CCONJ WOS-000349122500006 6 26 directly directly ADV WOS-000349122500006 6 27 through through ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 28 individual individual ADJ WOS-000349122500006 6 29 donations donation NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 30 or or CCONJ WOS-000349122500006 6 31 indirectly indirectly ADV WOS-000349122500006 6 32 through through ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 33 their their PRON WOS-000349122500006 6 34 affiliated affiliated ADJ WOS-000349122500006 6 35 philanthropic philanthropic NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 36 organizations organization NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 37 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 6 38 wielded wield VERB WOS-000349122500006 6 39 disproportionate disproportionate ADJ WOS-000349122500006 6 40 influence influence NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 41 over over ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 42 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 6 43 outcome outcome NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 44 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 45 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 6 46 charter charter NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 47 school school NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 48 initiative initiative NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 49 in in ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 50 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 6 51 state state NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 52 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 6 53 thereby thereby ADV WOS-000349122500006 6 54 raising raise VERB WOS-000349122500006 6 55 serious serious ADJ WOS-000349122500006 6 56 concerns concern NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 57 about about ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 58 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 6 59 democratic democratic ADJ WOS-000349122500006 6 60 underpinnings underpinning NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 61 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 62 an an DET WOS-000349122500006 6 63 education education NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 64 policy policy NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 65 that that PRON WOS-000349122500006 6 66 impacts impact VERB WOS-000349122500006 6 67 all all PRON WOS-000349122500006 6 68 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 69 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 6 70 children child NOUN WOS-000349122500006 6 71 in in ADP WOS-000349122500006 6 72 washington washington PROPN WOS-000349122500006 6 73 state state PROPN WOS-000349122500006 6 74 . . PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 7 1 this this DET WOS-000349122500006 7 2 study study NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 3 also also ADV WOS-000349122500006 7 4 concludes conclude VERB WOS-000349122500006 7 5 that that SCONJ WOS-000349122500006 7 6 elite elite ADJ WOS-000349122500006 7 7 individuals individual NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 8 make make VERB WOS-000349122500006 7 9 use use NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 10 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 7 11 local local ADJ WOS-000349122500006 7 12 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ WOS-000349122500006 7 13 organizations organization NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 14 as as ADP WOS-000349122500006 7 15 a a DET WOS-000349122500006 7 16 mechanism mechanism NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 17 to to PART WOS-000349122500006 7 18 advance advance VERB WOS-000349122500006 7 19 their their PRON WOS-000349122500006 7 20 education education NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 21 policy policy NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 22 agenda agenda NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 23 by by ADP WOS-000349122500006 7 24 funding fund VERB WOS-000349122500006 7 25 those those DET WOS-000349122500006 7 26 nonprofits nonprofit NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 27 through through ADP WOS-000349122500006 7 28 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 7 29 philanthropic philanthropic NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 30 organizations organization NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 31 affiliated affiliate VERB WOS-000349122500006 7 32 with with ADP WOS-000349122500006 7 33 those those DET WOS-000349122500006 7 34 same same ADJ WOS-000349122500006 7 35 wealthy wealthy ADJ WOS-000349122500006 7 36 elites elite NOUN WOS-000349122500006 7 37 . . PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 8 1 in in ADP WOS-000349122500006 8 2 light light NOUN WOS-000349122500006 8 3 of of ADP WOS-000349122500006 8 4 these these DET WOS-000349122500006 8 5 conclusions conclusion NOUN WOS-000349122500006 8 6 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 8 7 the the DET WOS-000349122500006 8 8 authors author NOUN WOS-000349122500006 8 9 recommend recommend VERB WOS-000349122500006 8 10 that that SCONJ WOS-000349122500006 8 11 a a DET WOS-000349122500006 8 12 mechanism mechanism NOUN WOS-000349122500006 8 13 for for ADP WOS-000349122500006 8 14 more more ADJ WOS-000349122500006 8 15 democratic democratic ADJ WOS-000349122500006 8 16 accountability accountability NOUN WOS-000349122500006 8 17 be be AUX WOS-000349122500006 8 18 developed develop VERB WOS-000349122500006 8 19 relative relative ADJ WOS-000349122500006 8 20 to to ADP WOS-000349122500006 8 21 education education NOUN WOS-000349122500006 8 22 policy policy NOUN WOS-000349122500006 8 23 campaigns campaign NOUN WOS-000349122500006 8 24 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 8 25 initiatives initiative NOUN WOS-000349122500006 8 26 , , PUNCT WOS-000349122500006 8 27 and and CCONJ WOS-000349122500006 8 28 legislation legislation NOUN WOS-000349122500006 8 29 . . PUNCT