Researchers develop predictive model measuring nitrous oxide emissions in streams and rivers | News | Notre Dame News | University of Notre Dame Skip To Content Skip To Navigation Skip To Search University of Notre Dame Notre Dame News Experts ND in the News Subscribe About Us Home Contact Search Menu Home › News › Researchers develop predictive model measuring nitrous oxide emissions in streams and rivers Researchers develop predictive model measuring nitrous oxide emissions in streams and rivers Published: April 11, 2017 Author: Jessica Sieff ND Experts Jennifer Tank Director, Notre Dame Environmental Change Initiative Ludmilla F., Stephen J. and Robert T. Galla Professor of Biological Sciences Jennifer Tank When it comes to greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide tends to steal the spotlight — but new research in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) reveals how scientists have developed a new, predictive tool to estimate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from rivers and streams around the world. N2O, a greenhouse gas with 300 times the warming potential of carbon dioxide, persists for over a century in the Earth’s atmosphere and is known to cause significant damage to the Earth’s ozone layer. Rivers and streams can be sources of N2O because they are hotspots for denitrification, a process whereby microbes convert dissolved nitrogen into nitrogenous gas. While previous research has attempted to quantify where and when N2O is emitted, rivers and streams have posed a significant challenge because accurately measuring N2O from flowing waters is difficult, particularly at the scale of an entire river system. The current study presents a widely applicable predictive model from which to estimate N2O emissions from waterways based on simple metrics including stream size, land use and land cover of adjacent landscape, biome type and varying climatic conditions. “Rapid land use change, such as the conversion of historic wetlands to agricultural lands, has increased the delivery of bioavailable nitrogen from the landscape to the detriment of receiving streams and rivers,” said Jennifer Tank, Galla Professor in the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Notre Dame, co-author of the study and director of Notre Dame’s Environmental Change Initiative. “Some of that nitrogen will be converted by microbes into N2O, and because it is a powerful greenhouse gas, where and when that happens in flowing waters is of great interest, both now and into the future.” Jennifer Tank Working with an international team of scientists, Tank and her graduate student Martha Dee analyzed previously published emissions data from streams and rivers around the world including Michigan’s Kalamazoo River, New York’s Hudson River, the Swale-Ouse River in the United Kingdom and six large rivers across Africa. In addition, the team collected its own measurements of N2O from two river networks regionally, including the Manistee River in Michigan and the Tippecanoe River in Indiana. The researchers’ analysis of the combined dataset found that N2O emissions are dependent on river size — as it increases, the production of N2O shifts from the streambed to the overlying water. “The current understanding of nitrous oxide production is limited in stream and river networks in a time of rapid global change,” said Dee co-author of the study. “Our study uses a diverse, global set of data combined with regional measurements to create a model that that can better predict the impact of human activity and environmental drivers on N2O production.” The new model will be a valuable tool for scientists and water managers alike, as the framework allows for accurate prediction of N2O emissions under a variety of scenarios including water temperature, changes in land use and the influence of climate change on emission outcomes. Co-authors of the study include Alessandra Marzadri and Daniele Tonina at the Center for Ecohydraulics Research at the University of Idaho, and Alberto Bellin in the Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering at the University of Trento in Italy. Research was funded through a collaborative grant from the National Science Foundation Hydrologic Sciences Program. Contact: Jennifer Tank, 574-631-3976, tank.1@nd.edu Posted In: Research Home Experts ND in the News Subscribe About Us Related October 05, 2022 Astrophysicists find evidence for the presence of the first stars October 04, 2022 NIH awards $4 million grant to psychologists researching suicide prevention September 29, 2022 Notre Dame, Ukrainian Catholic University launch three new research grants September 27, 2022 Notre Dame, Trinity College Dublin engineers join to advance novel treatment for cystic fibrosis September 22, 2022 Climate-prepared countries are losing ground, latest ND-GAIN index shows For the Media Contact Office of Public Affairs and Communications Notre Dame News 500 Grace Hall Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA Facebook Twitter Instagram YouTube Pinterest © 2022 University of Notre Dame Search Mobile App News Events Visit Accessibility Facebook Twitter Instagram YouTube LinkedIn