id sid tid token lemma pos news-000941 1 1 nd nd PROPN news-000941 1 2 expert expert PROPN news-000941 1 3 : : PUNCT news-000941 1 4 the the DET news-000941 1 5 science science NOUN news-000941 1 6 behind behind ADP news-000941 1 7 the the DET news-000941 1 8 transit transit NOUN news-000941 1 9 of of ADP news-000941 1 10 venus venu NOUN news-000941 1 11 | | ADP news-000941 1 12 news news NOUN news-000941 1 13 | | PROPN news-000941 1 14 notre notre PROPN news-000941 1 15 dame dame PROPN news-000941 1 16 news news PROPN news-000941 1 17 | | PROPN news-000941 1 18 university university PROPN news-000941 1 19 of of ADP news-000941 1 20 notre notre PROPN news-000941 1 21 dame dame PROPN news-000941 1 22 skip skip VERB news-000941 1 23 to to ADP news-000941 1 24 content content NOUN news-000941 1 25 skip skip VERB news-000941 1 26 to to ADP news-000941 1 27 navigation navigation NOUN news-000941 1 28 skip skip VERB news-000941 1 29 to to PART news-000941 1 30 search search VERB news-000941 1 31 university university PROPN news-000941 1 32 of of ADP news-000941 1 33 notre notre PROPN news-000941 1 34 dame dame PROPN news-000941 1 35 notre notre PROPN news-000941 1 36 dame dame PROPN news-000941 1 37 news news PROPN news-000941 1 38 experts expert NOUN news-000941 1 39 nd nd PROPN news-000941 1 40 in in ADP news-000941 1 41 the the DET news-000941 1 42 news news NOUN news-000941 1 43 subscribe subscribe NOUN news-000941 1 44 about about ADP news-000941 1 45 us us PROPN news-000941 1 46 home home NOUN news-000941 1 47 contact contact NOUN news-000941 1 48 search search NOUN news-000941 1 49 menu menu NOUN news-000941 1 50 home home ADV news-000941 1 51 › › ADP news-000941 2 1 news news NOUN news-000941 2 2 › › X news-000941 2 3 nd nd PROPN news-000941 2 4 expert expert NOUN news-000941 2 5 : : PUNCT news-000941 2 6 the the DET news-000941 2 7 science science NOUN news-000941 2 8 behind behind ADP news-000941 2 9 the the DET news-000941 2 10 transit transit NOUN news-000941 2 11 of of ADP news-000941 2 12 venus venus PROPN news-000941 2 13 nd nd PROPN news-000941 2 14 expert expert PROPN news-000941 2 15 : : PUNCT news-000941 2 16 the the DET news-000941 2 17 science science NOUN news-000941 2 18 behind behind ADP news-000941 2 19 the the DET news-000941 2 20 transit transit NOUN news-000941 2 21 of of ADP news-000941 2 22 venus venu NOUN news-000941 2 23 published publish VERB news-000941 2 24 : : PUNCT news-000941 2 25 may may AUX news-000941 2 26 29 29 NUM news-000941 2 27 , , PUNCT news-000941 2 28 2012 2012 NUM news-000941 2 29 author author NOUN news-000941 2 30 : : PUNCT news-000941 2 31 william william PROPN news-000941 2 32 g. g. PROPN news-000941 2 33 gilroy gilroy PROPN news-000941 2 34 university university PROPN news-000941 2 35 of of ADP news-000941 2 36 notre notre PROPN news-000941 2 37 dame dame PROPN news-000941 2 38 professor professor NOUN news-000941 2 39 of of ADP news-000941 2 40 physics physics PROPN news-000941 2 41 peter peter PROPN news-000941 2 42 garnavich garnavich PROPN news-000941 2 43 has have VERB news-000941 2 44 research research NOUN news-000941 2 45 interests interest NOUN news-000941 2 46 that that PRON news-000941 2 47 cover cover VERB news-000941 2 48 a a DET news-000941 2 49 wide wide ADJ news-000941 2 50 range range NOUN news-000941 2 51 of of ADP news-000941 2 52 topics topic NOUN news-000941 2 53 in in ADP news-000941 2 54 observational observational ADJ news-000941 2 55 astrophysics astrophysic NOUN news-000941 2 56 . . PUNCT news-000941 3 1 in in ADP news-000941 3 2 preparation preparation NOUN news-000941 3 3 for for ADP news-000941 3 4 the the DET news-000941 3 5 tuesday tuesday PROPN news-000941 3 6 ( ( PUNCT news-000941 3 7 june june PROPN news-000941 3 8 5 5 NUM news-000941 3 9 ) ) PUNCT news-000941 3 10 transit transit NOUN news-000941 3 11 of of ADP news-000941 3 12 venus venu NOUN news-000941 3 13 , , PUNCT news-000941 3 14 he he PRON news-000941 3 15 offers offer VERB news-000941 3 16 an an DET news-000941 3 17 explanation explanation NOUN news-000941 3 18 of of ADP news-000941 3 19 the the DET news-000941 3 20 science science NOUN news-000941 3 21 behind behind ADP news-000941 3 22 this this DET news-000941 3 23 rare rare ADJ news-000941 3 24 event event NOUN news-000941 3 25 . . PUNCT news-000941 4 1 “ " PUNCT news-000941 4 2 the the DET news-000941 4 3 transit transit NOUN news-000941 4 4 of of ADP news-000941 4 5 venus venu NOUN news-000941 4 6 across across ADP news-000941 4 7 the the DET news-000941 4 8 face face NOUN news-000941 4 9 of of ADP news-000941 4 10 the the DET news-000941 4 11 sun sun NOUN news-000941 4 12 is be AUX news-000941 4 13 one one NUM news-000941 4 14 of of ADP news-000941 4 15 the the DET news-000941 4 16 rarest rare ADJ news-000941 4 17 events event NOUN news-000941 4 18 in in ADP news-000941 4 19 the the DET news-000941 4 20 solar solar ADJ news-000941 4 21 system system NOUN news-000941 4 22 . . PUNCT news-000941 5 1 venus venu NOUN news-000941 5 2 has have AUX news-000941 5 3 passed pass VERB news-000941 5 4 directly directly ADV news-000941 5 5 between between ADP news-000941 5 6 the the DET news-000941 5 7 earth earth NOUN news-000941 5 8 and and CCONJ news-000941 5 9 sun sun NOUN news-000941 5 10 only only ADV news-000941 5 11 52 52 NUM news-000941 5 12 times time NOUN news-000941 5 13 between between ADP news-000941 5 14 2000 2000 NUM news-000941 5 15 bc bc PROPN news-000941 5 16 and and CCONJ news-000941 5 17 2000 2000 NUM news-000941 5 18 ad ad NOUN news-000941 5 19 ; ; PUNCT news-000941 5 20 that that PRON news-000941 5 21 ’s ’ VERB news-000941 5 22 4,000 4,000 NUM news-000941 5 23 years year NOUN news-000941 5 24 ! ! PUNCT news-000941 6 1 there there PRON news-000941 6 2 have have AUX news-000941 6 3 only only ADV news-000941 6 4 been be AUX news-000941 6 5 seven seven NUM news-000941 6 6 venus venu NOUN news-000941 6 7 transits transit NOUN news-000941 6 8 since since SCONJ news-000941 6 9 the the DET news-000941 6 10 invention invention NOUN news-000941 6 11 of of ADP news-000941 6 12 the the DET news-000941 6 13 telescope telescope NOUN news-000941 6 14 in in ADP news-000941 6 15 the the DET news-000941 6 16 early early ADJ news-000941 6 17 1600s 1600s PROPN news-000941 6 18 . . PUNCT news-000941 7 1 the the DET news-000941 7 2 transit transit NOUN news-000941 7 3 on on ADP news-000941 7 4 june june PROPN news-000941 7 5 5 5 NUM news-000941 7 6 will will AUX news-000941 7 7 be be AUX news-000941 7 8 no no NOUN news-000941 7 9 . . NOUN news-000941 7 10 8 8 NUM news-000941 7 11 . . PUNCT news-000941 8 1 the the DET news-000941 8 2 next next ADJ news-000941 8 3 chance chance NOUN news-000941 8 4 to to PART news-000941 8 5 see see VERB news-000941 8 6 a a DET news-000941 8 7 venus venu NOUN news-000941 8 8 transit transit NOUN news-000941 8 9 is be AUX news-000941 8 10 in in ADP news-000941 8 11 105.5 105.5 NUM news-000941 8 12 years year NOUN news-000941 8 13 . . PUNCT news-000941 9 1 “ " PUNCT news-000941 9 2 based base VERB news-000941 9 3 on on ADP news-000941 9 4 his his PRON news-000941 9 5 careful careful ADJ news-000941 9 6 calculations calculation NOUN news-000941 9 7 , , PUNCT news-000941 9 8 johannes johanne NOUN news-000941 9 9 kepler kepler PROPN news-000941 9 10 was be AUX news-000941 9 11 the the DET news-000941 9 12 first first ADJ news-000941 9 13 scientist scientist NOUN news-000941 9 14 to to PART news-000941 9 15 predict predict VERB news-000941 9 16 that that SCONJ news-000941 9 17 venus venu NOUN news-000941 9 18 would would AUX news-000941 9 19 pass pass VERB news-000941 9 20 across across ADP news-000941 9 21 the the DET news-000941 9 22 face face NOUN news-000941 9 23 of of ADP news-000941 9 24 the the DET news-000941 9 25 sun sun NOUN news-000941 9 26 , , PUNCT news-000941 9 27 and and CCONJ news-000941 9 28 the the DET news-000941 9 29 first first ADJ news-000941 9 30 observed observe VERB news-000941 9 31 transit transit NOUN news-000941 9 32 was be AUX news-000941 9 33 in in ADP news-000941 9 34 1639 1639 NUM news-000941 9 35 . . PUNCT news-000941 10 1 “ " PUNCT news-000941 10 2 during during ADP news-000941 10 3 a a DET news-000941 10 4 transit transit NOUN news-000941 10 5 , , PUNCT news-000941 10 6 venus venu NOUN news-000941 10 7 appears appear VERB news-000941 10 8 as as ADP news-000941 10 9 a a DET news-000941 10 10 large large ADJ news-000941 10 11 black black ADJ news-000941 10 12 dot dot NOUN news-000941 10 13 moving move VERB news-000941 10 14 slowly slowly ADV news-000941 10 15 across across ADP news-000941 10 16 the the DET news-000941 10 17 solar solar ADJ news-000941 10 18 disk disk NOUN news-000941 10 19 . . PUNCT news-000941 11 1 at at ADP news-000941 11 2 the the DET news-000941 11 3 start start NOUN news-000941 11 4 of of ADP news-000941 11 5 the the DET news-000941 11 6 transit transit NOUN news-000941 11 7 of of ADP news-000941 11 8 1761 1761 NUM news-000941 11 9 , , PUNCT news-000941 11 10 a a DET news-000941 11 11 ring ring NOUN news-000941 11 12 of of ADP news-000941 11 13 light light NOUN news-000941 11 14 was be AUX news-000941 11 15 seen see VERB news-000941 11 16 around around ADP news-000941 11 17 the the DET news-000941 11 18 disk disk NOUN news-000941 11 19 of of ADP news-000941 11 20 venus venu NOUN news-000941 11 21 and and CCONJ news-000941 11 22 it it PRON news-000941 11 23 was be AUX news-000941 11 24 realized realize VERB news-000941 11 25 that that SCONJ news-000941 11 26 the the DET news-000941 11 27 planet planet NOUN news-000941 11 28 venus venu NOUN news-000941 11 29 must must AUX news-000941 11 30 have have VERB news-000941 11 31 an an DET news-000941 11 32 atmosphere atmosphere NOUN news-000941 11 33 . . PUNCT news-000941 12 1 today today NOUN news-000941 12 2 , , PUNCT news-000941 12 3 astronomers astronomer NOUN news-000941 12 4 are be AUX news-000941 12 5 using use VERB news-000941 12 6 the the DET news-000941 12 7 same same ADJ news-000941 12 8 technique technique NOUN news-000941 12 9 to to PART news-000941 12 10 study study VERB news-000941 12 11 the the DET news-000941 12 12 atmospheres atmosphere NOUN news-000941 12 13 of of ADP news-000941 12 14 extrasolar extrasolar ADJ news-000941 12 15 planets planet NOUN news-000941 12 16 that that PRON news-000941 12 17 directly directly ADV news-000941 12 18 pass pass VERB news-000941 12 19 between between ADP news-000941 12 20 us we PRON news-000941 12 21 and and CCONJ news-000941 12 22 their their PRON news-000941 12 23 star star NOUN news-000941 12 24 . . PUNCT news-000941 13 1 nasa nasa PROPN news-000941 13 2 ’s ’s PART news-000941 13 3 kepler kepler PROPN news-000941 13 4 mission mission NOUN news-000941 13 5 is be AUX news-000941 13 6 a a DET news-000941 13 7 dedicated dedicated ADJ news-000941 13 8 space space NOUN news-000941 13 9 telescope telescope NOUN news-000941 13 10 that that PRON news-000941 13 11 searches search VERB news-000941 13 12 for for ADP news-000941 13 13 planets planet NOUN news-000941 13 14 transiting transit VERB news-000941 13 15 distant distant ADJ news-000941 13 16 stars star NOUN news-000941 13 17 . . PUNCT news-000941 14 1 while while SCONJ news-000941 14 2 we we PRON news-000941 14 3 have have VERB news-000941 14 4 a a DET news-000941 14 5 close close ADJ news-000941 14 6 - - PUNCT news-000941 14 7 up up ADP news-000941 14 8 view view NOUN news-000941 14 9 of of ADP news-000941 14 10 venus venu NOUN news-000941 14 11 , , PUNCT news-000941 14 12 the the DET news-000941 14 13 distant distant ADJ news-000941 14 14 transits transit NOUN news-000941 14 15 show show VERB news-000941 14 16 up up ADP news-000941 14 17 as as ADP news-000941 14 18 a a DET news-000941 14 19 very very ADV news-000941 14 20 small small ADJ news-000941 14 21 fading fading NOUN news-000941 14 22 of of ADP news-000941 14 23 a a DET news-000941 14 24 star star NOUN news-000941 14 25 ’s ’s PART news-000941 14 26 light light NOUN news-000941 14 27 . . PUNCT news-000941 15 1 the the DET news-000941 15 2 kepler kepler PROPN news-000941 15 3 mission mission NOUN news-000941 15 4 has have AUX news-000941 15 5 discovered discover VERB news-000941 15 6 hundreds hundred NOUN news-000941 15 7 of of ADP news-000941 15 8 planets planet NOUN news-000941 15 9 using use VERB news-000941 15 10 the the DET news-000941 15 11 transit transit NOUN news-000941 15 12 technique technique NOUN news-000941 15 13 . . PUNCT news-000941 16 1 “ " PUNCT news-000941 16 2 why why SCONJ news-000941 16 3 is be AUX news-000941 16 4 the the DET news-000941 16 5 alignment alignment NOUN news-000941 16 6 of of ADP news-000941 16 7 venus venu NOUN news-000941 16 8 and and CCONJ news-000941 16 9 the the DET news-000941 16 10 sun sun NOUN news-000941 16 11 so so ADV news-000941 16 12 rare rare ADJ news-000941 16 13 ? ? PUNCT news-000941 17 1 the the DET news-000941 17 2 orbit orbit NOUN news-000941 17 3 of of ADP news-000941 17 4 the the DET news-000941 17 5 earth earth NOUN news-000941 17 6 defines define VERB news-000941 17 7 a a DET news-000941 17 8 plane plane NOUN news-000941 17 9 called call VERB news-000941 17 10 the the DET news-000941 17 11 ecliptic ecliptic NOUN news-000941 17 12 , , PUNCT news-000941 17 13 and and CCONJ news-000941 17 14 the the DET news-000941 17 15 orbit orbit NOUN news-000941 17 16 of of ADP news-000941 17 17 venus venu NOUN news-000941 17 18 is be AUX news-000941 17 19 inclined inclined ADJ news-000941 17 20 to to ADP news-000941 17 21 the the DET news-000941 17 22 ecliptic ecliptic ADJ news-000941 17 23 plane plane NOUN news-000941 17 24 by by ADP news-000941 17 25 3.8 3.8 NUM news-000941 17 26 degrees degree NOUN news-000941 17 27 . . PUNCT news-000941 18 1 since since SCONJ news-000941 18 2 the the DET news-000941 18 3 face face NOUN news-000941 18 4 of of ADP news-000941 18 5 the the DET news-000941 18 6 sun sun NOUN news-000941 18 7 appears appear VERB news-000941 18 8 only only ADV news-000941 18 9 a a DET news-000941 18 10 half half ADJ news-000941 18 11 - - PUNCT news-000941 18 12 degree degree NOUN news-000941 18 13 across across ADP news-000941 18 14 as as SCONJ news-000941 18 15 seen see VERB news-000941 18 16 from from ADP news-000941 18 17 the the DET news-000941 18 18 earth earth NOUN news-000941 18 19 , , PUNCT news-000941 18 20 venus venu NOUN news-000941 18 21 usually usually ADV news-000941 18 22 misses miss VERB news-000941 18 23 the the DET news-000941 18 24 solar solar ADJ news-000941 18 25 disk disk NOUN news-000941 18 26 either either CCONJ news-000941 18 27 passing pass VERB news-000941 18 28 just just ADV news-000941 18 29 below below ADV news-000941 18 30 or or CCONJ news-000941 18 31 above above ADP news-000941 18 32 the the DET news-000941 18 33 sun sun NOUN news-000941 18 34 . . PUNCT news-000941 19 1 only only ADV news-000941 19 2 when when SCONJ news-000941 19 3 earth earth NOUN news-000941 19 4 and and CCONJ news-000941 19 5 venus venu NOUN news-000941 19 6 are be AUX news-000941 19 7 both both PRON news-000941 19 8 near near ADP news-000941 19 9 the the DET news-000941 19 10 line line NOUN news-000941 19 11 where where SCONJ news-000941 19 12 their their PRON news-000941 19 13 orbital orbital ADJ news-000941 19 14 planes plane NOUN news-000941 19 15 meet meet NOUN news-000941 19 16 can can AUX news-000941 19 17 a a DET news-000941 19 18 transit transit NOUN news-000941 19 19 occur occur VERB news-000941 19 20 . . PUNCT news-000941 20 1 “ " PUNCT news-000941 20 2 kepler kepler PROPN news-000941 20 3 ’s ’s PART news-000941 20 4 math math NOUN news-000941 20 5 defined define VERB news-000941 20 6 the the DET news-000941 20 7 relative relative ADJ news-000941 20 8 orbits orbit NOUN news-000941 20 9 of of ADP news-000941 20 10 the the DET news-000941 20 11 planets planet NOUN news-000941 20 12 very very ADV news-000941 20 13 accurately accurately ADV news-000941 20 14 , , PUNCT news-000941 20 15 but but CCONJ news-000941 20 16 the the DET news-000941 20 17 size size NOUN news-000941 20 18 of of ADP news-000941 20 19 the the DET news-000941 20 20 solar solar ADJ news-000941 20 21 system system NOUN news-000941 20 22 remained remain VERB news-000941 20 23 uncertain uncertain ADJ news-000941 20 24 . . PUNCT news-000941 21 1 even even ADV news-000941 21 2 the the DET news-000941 21 3 distance distance NOUN news-000941 21 4 between between ADP news-000941 21 5 the the DET news-000941 21 6 earth earth NOUN news-000941 21 7 and and CCONJ news-000941 21 8 the the DET news-000941 21 9 sun sun NOUN news-000941 21 10 , , PUNCT news-000941 21 11 called call VERB news-000941 21 12 the the DET news-000941 21 13 ‘ ' PUNCT news-000941 21 14 astronomical astronomical ADJ news-000941 21 15 unit unit NOUN news-000941 21 16 , , PUNCT news-000941 21 17 ’ ' PUNCT news-000941 21 18 was be AUX news-000941 21 19 poorly poorly ADV news-000941 21 20 known know VERB news-000941 21 21 in in ADP news-000941 21 22 the the DET news-000941 21 23 18th 18th ADJ news-000941 21 24 and and CCONJ news-000941 21 25 19th 19th ADJ news-000941 21 26 centuries century NOUN news-000941 21 27 . . PUNCT news-000941 22 1 sir sir PROPN news-000941 22 2 edmond edmond PROPN news-000941 22 3 halley halley PROPN news-000941 22 4 ( ( PUNCT news-000941 22 5 of of ADP news-000941 22 6 halley halley PROPN news-000941 22 7 ’s ’s PART news-000941 22 8 comet comet PROPN news-000941 22 9 fame fame PROPN news-000941 22 10 ) ) PUNCT news-000941 22 11 and and CCONJ news-000941 22 12 others other NOUN news-000941 22 13 realized realize VERB news-000941 22 14 that that SCONJ news-000941 22 15 the the DET news-000941 22 16 transit transit NOUN news-000941 22 17 of of ADP news-000941 22 18 venus venu NOUN news-000941 22 19 provided provide VERB news-000941 22 20 an an DET news-000941 22 21 opportunity opportunity NOUN news-000941 22 22 to to PART news-000941 22 23 directly directly ADV news-000941 22 24 measure measure VERB news-000941 22 25 the the DET news-000941 22 26 astronomical astronomical ADJ news-000941 22 27 unit unit NOUN news-000941 22 28 and and CCONJ news-000941 22 29 set set VERB news-000941 22 30 the the DET news-000941 22 31 scale scale NOUN news-000941 22 32 of of ADP news-000941 22 33 the the DET news-000941 22 34 solar solar ADJ news-000941 22 35 system system NOUN news-000941 22 36 . . PUNCT news-000941 23 1 by by ADP news-000941 23 2 sending send VERB news-000941 23 3 out out ADP news-000941 23 4 observers observer NOUN news-000941 23 5 around around ADP news-000941 23 6 the the DET news-000941 23 7 world world NOUN news-000941 23 8 to to PART news-000941 23 9 make make VERB news-000941 23 10 accurate accurate ADJ news-000941 23 11 timing timing NOUN news-000941 23 12 of of ADP news-000941 23 13 the the DET news-000941 23 14 start start NOUN news-000941 23 15 and and CCONJ news-000941 23 16 end end NOUN news-000941 23 17 of of ADP news-000941 23 18 a a DET news-000941 23 19 transit transit NOUN news-000941 23 20 of of ADP news-000941 23 21 venus venu NOUN news-000941 23 22 , , PUNCT news-000941 23 23 the the DET news-000941 23 24 distance distance NOUN news-000941 23 25 to to ADP news-000941 23 26 the the DET news-000941 23 27 sun sun NOUN news-000941 23 28 could could AUX news-000941 23 29 be be AUX news-000941 23 30 measured measure VERB news-000941 23 31 geometrically geometrically ADV news-000941 23 32 . . PUNCT news-000941 24 1 “ " PUNCT news-000941 24 2 the the DET news-000941 24 3 true true ADJ news-000941 24 4 size size NOUN news-000941 24 5 of of ADP news-000941 24 6 the the DET news-000941 24 7 solar solar ADJ news-000941 24 8 system system NOUN news-000941 24 9 was be AUX news-000941 24 10 the the DET news-000941 24 11 most most ADV news-000941 24 12 important important ADJ news-000941 24 13 cosmological cosmological ADJ news-000941 24 14 question question NOUN news-000941 24 15 for for ADP news-000941 24 16 over over ADP news-000941 24 17 200 200 NUM news-000941 24 18 years year NOUN news-000941 24 19 . . PUNCT news-000941 25 1 just just ADV news-000941 25 2 as as ADP news-000941 25 3 measuring measure VERB news-000941 25 4 the the DET news-000941 25 5 expansion expansion NOUN news-000941 25 6 rate rate NOUN news-000941 25 7 of of ADP news-000941 25 8 the the DET news-000941 25 9 universe universe NOUN news-000941 25 10 , , PUNCT news-000941 25 11 the the DET news-000941 25 12 hubble hubble ADJ news-000941 25 13 constant constant ADJ news-000941 25 14 , , PUNCT news-000941 25 15 occupied occupy VERB news-000941 25 16 astronomers astronomer NOUN news-000941 25 17 for for ADP news-000941 25 18 the the DET news-000941 25 19 past past ADJ news-000941 25 20 80 80 NUM news-000941 25 21 years year NOUN news-000941 25 22 , , PUNCT news-000941 25 23 the the DET news-000941 25 24 length length NOUN news-000941 25 25 of of ADP news-000941 25 26 the the DET news-000941 25 27 astronomical astronomical ADJ news-000941 25 28 unit unit NOUN news-000941 25 29 was be AUX news-000941 25 30 the the DET news-000941 25 31 fundamental fundamental ADJ news-000941 25 32 problem problem NOUN news-000941 25 33 of of ADP news-000941 25 34 the the DET news-000941 25 35 1700s 1700 NOUN news-000941 25 36 and and CCONJ news-000941 25 37 1800s 1800 NOUN news-000941 25 38 . . PUNCT news-000941 26 1 expeditions expedition NOUN news-000941 26 2 to to PART news-000941 26 3 observe observe VERB news-000941 26 4 the the DET news-000941 26 5 venus venu NOUN news-000941 26 6 transits transit NOUN news-000941 26 7 of of ADP news-000941 26 8 1761 1761 NUM news-000941 26 9 and and CCONJ news-000941 26 10 1769 1769 NUM news-000941 26 11 were be AUX news-000941 26 12 sent send VERB news-000941 26 13 around around ADP news-000941 26 14 the the DET news-000941 26 15 world world NOUN news-000941 26 16 but but CCONJ news-000941 26 17 failed fail VERB news-000941 26 18 to to PART news-000941 26 19 achieve achieve VERB news-000941 26 20 the the DET news-000941 26 21 timing timing NOUN news-000941 26 22 accuracy accuracy NOUN news-000941 26 23 needed need VERB news-000941 26 24 for for ADP news-000941 26 25 a a DET news-000941 26 26 good good ADJ news-000941 26 27 measurement measurement NOUN news-000941 26 28 of of ADP news-000941 26 29 the the DET news-000941 26 30 astronomical astronomical ADJ news-000941 26 31 unit unit NOUN news-000941 26 32 . . PUNCT news-000941 27 1 but but CCONJ news-000941 27 2 expeditions expedition NOUN news-000941 27 3 to to ADP news-000941 27 4 the the DET news-000941 27 5 transits transit NOUN news-000941 27 6 of of ADP news-000941 27 7 1874 1874 NUM news-000941 27 8 and and CCONJ news-000941 27 9 1882 1882 NUM news-000941 27 10 allowed allow VERB news-000941 27 11 the the DET news-000941 27 12 astronomical astronomical ADJ news-000941 27 13 unit unit NOUN news-000941 27 14 to to PART news-000941 27 15 be be AUX news-000941 27 16 measured measure VERB news-000941 27 17 to to ADP news-000941 27 18 an an DET news-000941 27 19 accuracy accuracy NOUN news-000941 27 20 of of ADP news-000941 27 21 0.2 0.2 NUM news-000941 27 22 percent percent NOUN news-000941 27 23 . . PUNCT news-000941 28 1 “ " PUNCT news-000941 28 2 the the DET news-000941 28 3 transits transit NOUN news-000941 28 4 of of ADP news-000941 28 5 2004 2004 NUM news-000941 28 6 and and CCONJ news-000941 28 7 2012 2012 NUM news-000941 28 8 are be AUX news-000941 28 9 not not PART news-000941 28 10 scientifically scientifically ADV news-000941 28 11 critical critical ADJ news-000941 28 12 for for ADP news-000941 28 13 setting set VERB news-000941 28 14 the the DET news-000941 28 15 size size NOUN news-000941 28 16 of of ADP news-000941 28 17 the the DET news-000941 28 18 solar solar ADJ news-000941 28 19 system system NOUN news-000941 28 20 . . PUNCT news-000941 29 1 using use VERB news-000941 29 2 satellites satellite NOUN news-000941 29 3 and and CCONJ news-000941 29 4 radar radar NOUN news-000941 29 5 , , PUNCT news-000941 29 6 we we PRON news-000941 29 7 now now ADV news-000941 29 8 know know VERB news-000941 29 9 the the DET news-000941 29 10 distance distance NOUN news-000941 29 11 between between ADP news-000941 29 12 the the DET news-000941 29 13 earth earth NOUN news-000941 29 14 and and CCONJ news-000941 29 15 sun sun NOUN news-000941 29 16 to to PART news-000941 29 17 better well ADJ news-000941 29 18 than than ADP news-000941 29 19 the the DET news-000941 29 20 length length NOUN news-000941 29 21 of of ADP news-000941 29 22 a a DET news-000941 29 23 football football NOUN news-000941 29 24 field field NOUN news-000941 29 25 . . PUNCT news-000941 30 1 “ " PUNCT news-000941 30 2 at at ADP news-000941 30 3 the the DET news-000941 30 4 time time NOUN news-000941 30 5 of of ADP news-000941 30 6 the the DET news-000941 30 7 venus venu NOUN news-000941 30 8 transit transit NOUN news-000941 30 9 of of ADP news-000941 30 10 1882 1882 NUM news-000941 30 11 , , PUNCT news-000941 30 12 there there PRON news-000941 30 13 were be VERB news-000941 30 14 eight eight NUM news-000941 30 15 known know VERB news-000941 30 16 planets planet NOUN news-000941 30 17 , , PUNCT news-000941 30 18 all all PRON news-000941 30 19 in in ADP news-000941 30 20 orbit orbit NOUN news-000941 30 21 around around ADP news-000941 30 22 the the DET news-000941 30 23 sun sun NOUN news-000941 30 24 . . PUNCT news-000941 31 1 for for ADP news-000941 31 2 the the DET news-000941 31 3 venus venu NOUN news-000941 31 4 transit transit NOUN news-000941 31 5 of of ADP news-000941 31 6 2012 2012 NUM news-000941 31 7 , , PUNCT news-000941 31 8 there there PRON news-000941 31 9 are be VERB news-000941 31 10 over over ADP news-000941 31 11 700 700 NUM news-000941 31 12 cataloged catalog VERB news-000941 31 13 planets planet NOUN news-000941 31 14 , , PUNCT news-000941 31 15 many many ADJ news-000941 31 16 discovered discover VERB news-000941 31 17 by by ADP news-000941 31 18 their their PRON news-000941 31 19 transit transit NOUN news-000941 31 20 across across ADP news-000941 31 21 the the DET news-000941 31 22 face face NOUN news-000941 31 23 of of ADP news-000941 31 24 their their PRON news-000941 31 25 stars star NOUN news-000941 31 26 by by ADP news-000941 31 27 the the DET news-000941 31 28 kepler kepler PROPN news-000941 31 29 satellite satellite PROPN news-000941 31 30 . . PUNCT news-000941 32 1 none none NOUN news-000941 32 2 of of ADP news-000941 32 3 these these DET news-000941 32 4 new new ADJ news-000941 32 5 extrasolar extrasolar ADJ news-000941 32 6 planets planet NOUN news-000941 32 7 are be AUX news-000941 32 8 as as ADV news-000941 32 9 small small ADJ news-000941 32 10 or or CCONJ news-000941 32 11 as as ADP news-000941 32 12 earth earth NOUN news-000941 32 13 - - PUNCT news-000941 32 14 like like NOUN news-000941 32 15 as as ADP news-000941 32 16 venus venu NOUN news-000941 32 17 . . PUNCT news-000941 33 1 but but CCONJ news-000941 33 2 as as SCONJ news-000941 33 3 we we PRON news-000941 33 4 watch watch VERB news-000941 33 5 this this DET news-000941 33 6 latest late ADJ news-000941 33 7 transit transit NOUN news-000941 33 8 of of ADP news-000941 33 9 venus venu NOUN news-000941 33 10 , , PUNCT news-000941 33 11 we we PRON news-000941 33 12 can can AUX news-000941 33 13 imagine imagine VERB news-000941 33 14 on on ADP news-000941 33 15 another another DET news-000941 33 16 world world NOUN news-000941 33 17 across across ADP news-000941 33 18 the the DET news-000941 33 19 galaxy galaxy NOUN news-000941 33 20 , , PUNCT news-000941 33 21 excited excite VERB news-000941 33 22 extraterrestrial extraterrestrial ADJ news-000941 33 23 astronomers astronomer NOUN news-000941 33 24 watching watch VERB news-000941 33 25 a a DET news-000941 33 26 double double ADJ news-000941 33 27 transit transit NOUN news-000941 33 28 of of ADP news-000941 33 29 two two NUM news-000941 33 30 small small ADJ news-000941 33 31 planets planet NOUN news-000941 33 32 temporarily temporarily ADV news-000941 33 33 dim dim VERB news-000941 33 34 the the DET news-000941 33 35 light light NOUN news-000941 33 36 of of ADP news-000941 33 37 an an DET news-000941 33 38 ordinary ordinary ADJ news-000941 33 39 star star NOUN news-000941 33 40 . . PUNCT news-000941 33 41 ” " PUNCT news-000941 34 1 garnavich garnavich ADJ news-000941 34 2 was be AUX news-000941 34 3 awarded award VERB news-000941 34 4 a a DET news-000941 34 5 share share NOUN news-000941 34 6 of of ADP news-000941 34 7 the the DET news-000941 34 8 2007 2007 NUM news-000941 34 9 gruber gruber PROPN news-000941 34 10 prize prize PROPN news-000941 34 11 in in ADP news-000941 34 12 cosmology cosmology NOUN news-000941 34 13 for for ADP news-000941 34 14 his his PRON news-000941 34 15 work work NOUN news-000941 34 16 in in ADP news-000941 34 17 the the DET news-000941 34 18 high high ADJ news-000941 34 19 - - PUNCT news-000941 34 20 z z NOUN news-000941 34 21 supernova supernova PROPN news-000941 34 22 search search NOUN news-000941 34 23 team team NOUN news-000941 34 24 ’s ’s PART news-000941 34 25 discovery discovery NOUN news-000941 34 26 of of ADP news-000941 34 27 the the DET news-000941 34 28 accelerating accelerate VERB news-000941 34 29 universe universe NOUN news-000941 34 30 . . PUNCT news-000941 35 1 he he PRON news-000941 35 2 also also ADV news-000941 35 3 is be AUX news-000941 35 4 co co NOUN news-000941 35 5 - - NOUN news-000941 35 6 investigator investigator NOUN news-000941 35 7 on on ADP news-000941 35 8 the the DET news-000941 35 9 largest large ADJ news-000941 35 10 hubble hubble ADJ news-000941 35 11 project project NOUN news-000941 35 12 ever ever ADV news-000941 35 13 undertaken undertake VERB news-000941 35 14 , , PUNCT news-000941 35 15 one one NUM news-000941 35 16 that that PRON news-000941 35 17 will will AUX news-000941 35 18 watch watch VERB news-000941 35 19 galaxies galaxy NOUN news-000941 35 20 form form NOUN news-000941 35 21 and and CCONJ news-000941 35 22 hunt hunt NOUN news-000941 35 23 for for ADP news-000941 35 24 distant distant ADJ news-000941 35 25 explosions explosion NOUN news-000941 35 26 . . PUNCT news-000941 36 1 contact contact NOUN news-000941 36 2 : : PUNCT news-000941 36 3 peter peter PROPN news-000941 36 4 garnavich garnavich PROPN news-000941 36 5 , , PUNCT news-000941 36 6 574 574 NUM news-000941 36 7 - - SYM news-000941 36 8 631 631 NUM news-000941 36 9 - - SYM news-000941 36 10 7262 7262 NUM news-000941 36 11 , , PUNCT news-000941 36 12 pgarnavi@nd.edu pgarnavi@nd.edu ADV news-000941 36 13 posted post VERB news-000941 36 14 in in ADP news-000941 36 15 : : PUNCT news-000941 36 16 research research NOUN news-000941 36 17 home home NOUN news-000941 36 18 experts expert NOUN news-000941 36 19 nd nd PROPN news-000941 36 20 in in ADP news-000941 36 21 the the DET news-000941 36 22 news news NOUN news-000941 36 23 subscribe subscribe NOUN news-000941 36 24 about about ADP news-000941 36 25 us we PRON news-000941 36 26 related related ADJ news-000941 36 27 october october PROPN news-000941 36 28 05 05 NUM news-000941 36 29 , , PUNCT news-000941 36 30 2022 2022 NUM news-000941 36 31 astrophysicists astrophysicist NOUN news-000941 36 32 find find VERB news-000941 36 33 evidence evidence NOUN news-000941 36 34 for for ADP news-000941 36 35 the the DET news-000941 36 36 presence presence NOUN news-000941 36 37 of of ADP news-000941 36 38 the the DET news-000941 36 39 first first ADJ news-000941 36 40 stars star NOUN news-000941 36 41 october october PROPN news-000941 36 42 04 04 NUM news-000941 36 43 , , PUNCT news-000941 36 44 2022 2022 NUM news-000941 36 45 nih nih PROPN news-000941 36 46 awards awards PROPN news-000941 36 47 $ $ SYM news-000941 36 48 4 4 NUM news-000941 36 49 million million NUM news-000941 36 50 grant grant NOUN news-000941 36 51 to to ADP news-000941 36 52 psychologists psychologist NOUN news-000941 36 53 researching research VERB news-000941 36 54 suicide suicide NOUN news-000941 36 55 prevention prevention NOUN news-000941 36 56 september september PROPN news-000941 36 57 29 29 NUM news-000941 36 58 , , PUNCT news-000941 36 59 2022 2022 NUM news-000941 36 60 notre notre PROPN news-000941 36 61 dame dame NOUN news-000941 36 62 , , PUNCT news-000941 36 63 ukrainian ukrainian PROPN news-000941 36 64 catholic catholic PROPN news-000941 36 65 university university PROPN news-000941 36 66 launch launch VERB news-000941 36 67 three three NUM news-000941 36 68 new new ADJ news-000941 36 69 research research NOUN news-000941 36 70 grants grant NOUN news-000941 36 71 september september PROPN news-000941 36 72 27 27 NUM news-000941 36 73 , , PUNCT news-000941 36 74 2022 2022 NUM news-000941 36 75 notre notre PROPN news-000941 36 76 dame dame NOUN news-000941 36 77 , , PUNCT news-000941 36 78 trinity trinity PROPN news-000941 36 79 college college PROPN news-000941 36 80 dublin dublin PROPN news-000941 36 81 engineers engineer NOUN news-000941 36 82 join join VERB news-000941 36 83 to to PART news-000941 36 84 advance advance VERB news-000941 36 85 novel novel NOUN news-000941 36 86 treatment treatment NOUN news-000941 36 87 for for ADP news-000941 36 88 cystic cystic ADJ news-000941 36 89 fibrosis fibrosis NOUN news-000941 36 90 september september PROPN news-000941 36 91 22 22 NUM news-000941 36 92 , , PUNCT news-000941 36 93 2022 2022 NUM news-000941 36 94 climate climate NOUN news-000941 36 95 - - PUNCT news-000941 36 96 prepared prepare VERB news-000941 36 97 countries country NOUN news-000941 36 98 are be AUX news-000941 36 99 losing lose VERB news-000941 36 100 ground ground NOUN news-000941 36 101 , , PUNCT news-000941 36 102 latest late ADJ news-000941 36 103 nd nd PROPN news-000941 36 104 - - PUNCT news-000941 36 105 gain gain NOUN news-000941 36 106 index index NOUN news-000941 36 107 shows show NOUN news-000941 36 108 for for ADP news-000941 36 109 the the DET news-000941 36 110 media medium NOUN news-000941 36 111 contact contact NOUN news-000941 36 112 office office NOUN news-000941 36 113 of of ADP news-000941 36 114 public public ADJ news-000941 36 115 affairs affair NOUN news-000941 36 116 and and CCONJ news-000941 36 117 communications communication NOUN news-000941 36 118 notre notre PROPN news-000941 36 119 dame dame PROPN news-000941 36 120 news news NOUN news-000941 36 121 500 500 NUM news-000941 36 122 grace grace NOUN news-000941 36 123 hall hall PROPN news-000941 36 124 notre notre PROPN news-000941 36 125 dame dame NOUN news-000941 36 126 , , PUNCT news-000941 36 127 in in ADP news-000941 36 128 46556 46556 NUM news-000941 36 129 usa usa PROPN news-000941 36 130 facebook facebook PROPN news-000941 36 131 twitter twitter PROPN news-000941 36 132 instagram instagram PROPN news-000941 36 133 youtube youtube PROPN news-000941 36 134 pinterest pinterest PROPN news-000941 36 135 © © NUM news-000941 36 136 2022 2022 NUM news-000941 36 137 university university PROPN news-000941 36 138 of of ADP news-000941 36 139 notre notre PROPN news-000941 36 140 dame dame PROPN news-000941 36 141 search search NOUN news-000941 36 142 mobile mobile ADJ news-000941 36 143 app app NOUN news-000941 36 144 news news NOUN news-000941 36 145 events event NOUN news-000941 36 146 visit visit VERB news-000941 36 147 accessibility accessibility NOUN news-000941 36 148 facebook facebook PROPN news-000941 36 149 twitter twitter PROPN news-000941 36 150 instagram instagram PROPN news-000941 36 151 youtube youtube PROPN news-000941 36 152 linkedin linkedin VERB